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Mu R, Cui K, Chen Y, Tang Y, Wang K, Sun S. Distribution characteristics and risk assessment of fluoride in surface water of urban typical rivers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 951:175548. [PMID: 39151624 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Recent research on fluoride in water primarily focuses on groundwater; however, the potential environmental risks of fluoride in urban rivers should not be overlooked. In 2023, this study collected 135 surface water samples from the Ershibu River in Hefei, China, during various flood periods. Through descriptive statistical analysis, correlation analysis, principal component analysis-multiple linear regression (PCA-MLR) modeling, hazard quotient (HQ) assessment, and Monte Carlo simulation analysis, the spatial and temporal distribution, potential sources, and health risks of fluoride were investigated. The results showed that fluoride concentrations in the Ershibu River ranged from 0 to 1.38 mg/L. According to the PCA-MLR calculations, industrial pollution (73.92 %) was identified as the main source, followed by hydrogeochemical evolution (16.10 %) and agricultural activities (9.98 %). The HQ analysis revealed that the average exceedance rates of HQ for the five exposed populations were as follows: infants (64.45 %) > young children (2.22 %) = adults (2.22 %) > children (0) = teenagers (0). Therefore, relevant authorities should improve defluoridation facilities to reduce fluoride levels in industrial and agricultural wastewater and implement measures to protect public health. Future research should investigate the migration processes and toxicity mechanisms of fluoride more thoroughly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Mu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Kangping Cui
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Yihan Chen
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yuchao Tang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Shijie Sun
- Wancho Environmental-Protection Co., Ltd, Suzhou 234000, China
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2
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Zhang Y, Gao Y, Liu X. Focus on cognitive impairment induced by excessive fluoride: An update review. Neuroscience 2024; 558:22-29. [PMID: 39137871 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Fluorosis is a global public health concern. Prolonged exposure to excessive fluoride causes fluoride accumulation in the hippocampus, resulting in cognitive dysfunction. Cell death is necessary for maintaining tissue function and morphology, and changes in the external morphology of nerve cells and the function of many internal organelles are typical features of cell death; however, it is also a typical feature of cognitive impairment caused by fluorosis. However, the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment caused by different degrees of fluoride exposure varies. Herein, we provide an overview of cognitive impairment caused by excessive fluoride exposure in different age groups, and the underlying mechanisms for cognitive impairment in various model organisms. The mechanisms underlying these impairments include oxidative stress, synaptic and neurotransmission dysfunction, disruption of mitochondrial and energy metabolism, and calcium channel dysregulation. This study aims to provide potential insights that serve as a reference for subsequent research on the cognitive function caused by excessive fluoride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Zhang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, China; Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province and Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Yanhui Gao
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, China; Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province and Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China.
| | - Xiaona Liu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, China; Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province and Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China.
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3
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Zhao C, Chen G, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Li S, Jiang Z, Peng H, Wang J, Li D, Hou R, Peng C, Wan X, Cai H. Alleviation of fluoride-induced colitis by tea polysaccharides: Insights into the role of Limosilactobacillus vaginalis and butyric acid. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:134858. [PMID: 38905983 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Endemic fluorosis has gained increasing attention as a public health concern, and the escalating risk of colitis resulting from excessive fluoride intake calls for effective mitigation strategies. This study aimed to investigate the potential mechanisms underlying the alleviation of fluoride-induced colitis by Tea polysaccharides (TPS). Under conditions of excessive fluoride intake, significant changes were observed in the gut microbiota of rats, leading to aggravated colitis. However, the intervention of TPS exerted a notable alleviating effect on colitis symptoms. Antibiotic intervention and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) experiments provided evidence that TPS-mediated relief of fluoride-induced colitis is mediated through its effects on the gut microbiota. Furthermore, TPS supplementation was found to modulate the structure of gut microbiota, enhance the relative abundance of Limosilactobacillus vaginalis in the gut microbiota, and promote the expression of short-chain fatty acid (SCFAs) receptors in colonic tissue. Notably, L. vaginalis played a significant role in alleviating fluoride-induced colitis and facilitating the absorption of butyric acid in the rat colon. Subsequent butyric acid intervention experiments confirmed its remarkable alleviating effect on fluoride-induced colitis. Overall, these findings provide a potential preventive strategy for fluoride-induced colitis by TPS intervention, which is mediated by L. vaginalis and butyric acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenjun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, PR China; Joint Research Center for Food Nutrition and Health of IHM, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, PR China
| | - Guijie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, PR China; Joint Research Center for Food Nutrition and Health of IHM, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, PR China
| | - Ying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, PR China; Joint Research Center for Food Nutrition and Health of IHM, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, PR China
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, PR China; Joint Research Center for Food Nutrition and Health of IHM, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, PR China
| | - Sichen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, PR China; Joint Research Center for Food Nutrition and Health of IHM, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, PR China
| | - Zhiliang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, PR China; Joint Research Center for Food Nutrition and Health of IHM, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, PR China
| | - Huihui Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, PR China; Joint Research Center for Food Nutrition and Health of IHM, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, PR China
| | - Juan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, PR China; Joint Research Center for Food Nutrition and Health of IHM, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, PR China
| | - Daxiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, PR China; Joint Research Center for Food Nutrition and Health of IHM, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, PR China
| | - Ruyan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, PR China; Joint Research Center for Food Nutrition and Health of IHM, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, PR China
| | - Chuanyi Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, PR China; Joint Research Center for Food Nutrition and Health of IHM, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, PR China
| | - Xiaochun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, PR China; Joint Research Center for Food Nutrition and Health of IHM, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, PR China.
| | - Huimei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, PR China; Joint Research Center for Food Nutrition and Health of IHM, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, PR China.
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Lan M, Liu Y, Guo C, He X, Chen Y, Chen X, Chen Y, Cai L. Plasma irisin associations with executive function among children in a prospective cohort. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 167:107092. [PMID: 38870777 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the longitudinal associations between irisin and executive function among children, as well as the sex difference in this correlation. METHODS The study involving 330 children aged 6-10 years conducted in Guangzhou, China. Baseline surveys and fasting blood samples were collected in 2017. Plasma irisin concentration was measured using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Executive function was assessed by the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) scale in 2017 and followed up after 2 years. Multivariable linear regression was used for association analysis. RESULTS The plasma irisin concentration was 9.04±2.18 ng/mL. There was no statistical difference in plasma irisin and change values of BRIEF T-scores between boys and girls. No significant associations were found between plasma irisin and change values of BRIEF T-scores (P > 0.05) in the overall sample. Further subgroup analyses according to sex revealed that plasma irisin was negatively associated with change values of behavior regulation index (BRI, β=-0.521, 95 %CI: -1.036 ∼ -0.006), emotional control (β=-0.649, 95 %CI: -1.249 ∼ -0.049), working memory T-scores (β=-0.774, 95 %CI: -1.350 ∼ -0.199) in girls. Moreover, we firstly identified a sex effect modification in the association of plasma irisin with change values of working memory T-score (Pinterference=0.012). CONCLUSIONS Higher irisin concentration was associated with better executive function performance in girls. Further studies that included populations in other regions or countries are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyan Lan
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Cuihua Guo
- Child Health Care Institute, Dongguan Children's Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuanqing He
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yujing Chen
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xuejuan Chen
- Preventative Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yajun Chen
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Li Cai
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Liu S, Yu X, Xing Z, Ding P, Cui Y, Liu H. The Impact of Exposure to Iodine and Fluorine in Drinking Water on Thyroid Health and Intelligence in School-Age Children: A Cross-Sectional Investigation. Nutrients 2024; 16:2913. [PMID: 39275229 PMCID: PMC11397114 DOI: 10.3390/nu16172913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Iodine and fluorine, as halogen elements, are often coexisting in water environments, with nearly 200 million people suffering from fluorosis globally, and, in 11 countries and territories, adolescents have iodine intakes higher than that required for the prevention of iodine deficiency disorders. It has been suggested that excess iodine and/or fluorine can affect thyroid health and intellectual development, especially in children, but their combined effect has been less studied in this population. This study investigated 399 school-age children in Tianjin, China, collected drinking water samples from areas where the school-age children lived, and grouped the respondents according to iodine and fluorine levels. Thyroid health was measured using thyroid hormone levels, thyroid volume, and the presence of thyroid nodules; intelligence quotient (IQ) was assessed using the Raven's Progressive Matrices (CRT) test; and monoamine neurotransmitter levels were used to explore the potential relationship between thyroid health and intelligence. Multiple linear regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses showed that iodine and fluorine were positively correlated with thyroid volume and the incidence of thyroid nodules in school-age children, and negatively correlated with IQ; similar results were obtained in the secondary subgroups based on urinary iodine and urinary fluoride levels. Interaction analyses revealed a synergistic effect of iodine and fluorine. A pathway analysis showed that iodine and fluorine were negatively associated with the secretion of free triiodothyronine (FT3) and free tetraiodothyronine (FT4), which in turn were negatively associated with the secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Iodine and fluorine may affect IQ in school-aged children through the above pathways that affect thyroid hormone secretion; of these, FT3 and TSH were negatively correlated with IQ, whereas FT4 was positively correlated with IQ. The relationship between thyroid hormones and monoamine neurotransmitters may involve the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis, with FT4 hormone concentrations positively correlating with dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), and 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HT) concentrations, and FT3 hormone concentrations positively correlating with DA concentrations. Monoamine neurotransmitters may play a mediating role in the effects of iodine and fluoride on intelligence in schoolchildren. However, this study has some limitations, as the data were derived from a cross-sectional study in Tianjin, China, and no attention was paid to the reciprocal effects of iodine and fluorine at different doses on thyroid health and intelligence in schoolchildren in other regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xiaomeng Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China
- Tianjin Institute of Medicine Science, 79 Duolun Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Zhilei Xing
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Peisen Ding
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yushan Cui
- Institute of Environment and Health, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 6 Huayue Road, Hedong District, Tianjin 300011, China
| | - Hongliang Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China
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Guichon J, Nicolau B, Brandini M, Caron C, Mitchell I, D'Souza V. Letter to the editor regarding "Critical windows of fluoride neurotoxicity in Canadian children" by Farmus and colleagues. Environmental research, 111315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2021.111315. No fluoride neurotoxicity in Canadian children. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 254:115232. [PMID: 36693466 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Juliet Guichon
- Community Health Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Belinda Nicolau
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mario Brandini
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christian Caron
- Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Ian Mitchell
- Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Violet D'Souza
- Department of Dental Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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Ruehlmann AK, Cecil KM, Lippert F, Yolton K, Ryan PH, Brunst KJ. Epigenome-wide association study of fluoride exposure during early adolescence and DNA methylation among U.S. children. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 948:174916. [PMID: 39038671 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to fluoride in early childhood has been associated with altered cognition, intelligence, attention, and neurobehavior. Fluoride-related neurodevelopment effects have been shown to vary by sex and very little is known about the mechanistic processes involved. There is limited research on how fluoride exposure impacts the epigenome, potentially leading to changes in DNA methylation of specific genes regulating key developmental processes. In the Cincinnati Childhood Allergy and Air Pollution Study (CCAAPS), urine samples were analyzed using a microdiffusion method to determine childhood urinary fluoride adjusted for specific gravity (CUFsg) concentrations. Whole blood DNA methylation was assessed using the Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip 850 k Array. In a cross-sectional analysis, we interrogated epigenome-wide DNA methylation at 775,141 CpG loci across the methylome in relation to CUFsg concentrations in 272 early adolescents at age 12 years. Among all participants, higher concentrations of CUF were associated with differential methylation of one CpG (p < 6 × 10-8) located in the gene body of GBF1 (cg25435255). Among females, higher concentrations of CUFsg were associated with differential methylation of 7 CpGs; only three CpGs were differentially methylated among males with no overlap of significant CpGs observed among females. Secondary analyses revealed several differentially methylated regions (DMRs) and CpG loci mapping to genes with key roles in psychiatric outcomes, social interaction, and cognition, as well as immunologic and metabolic phenotypes. While fluoride exposure may impact the epigenome during early adolescence, the functional consequences of these changes are unclear warranting further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K Ruehlmann
- University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kim M Cecil
- University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Frank Lippert
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry, and Dental Public Health, Oral Health Research Institute, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kimberly Yolton
- University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Division of General and Community Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Patrick H Ryan
- University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kelly J Brunst
- University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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Zhu S, Liu B, Fu G, Yang L, Wei D, Zhang L, Zhang Q, Gao Y, Sun D, Wei W. PKC-θ is an important driver of fluoride-induced immune imbalance of regulatory T cells/effector T cells. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 934:173081. [PMID: 38754514 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Fluoride is unnecessary in the human body. Long-term fluoride exposure may lead to immune system abnormalities. However, the mechanism remains unclear. This study aim to explore the mechanism of fluoride interference in the immune system and also identify the key indicators of fluoride-induced immune damage. Questionnaires were used to collect basic information. Multiple linear analyses and other statistical methods were used in order to process the data. Flow cytometry was used to detect relevant immunomarkers and analyze immune damage. Simultaneously, Wistar rats and cell models exposed to fluoride were established to detect the effects of fluoride on immune homeostasis. The results showed that sex, residence time, smoking, and Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection may indirectly influence fluoride-induced immune damage. In residents of fluoride-exposed areas, there was a significant decrease in CD3+ T lymphocytes and CD4+ and CD8+ cells and a downward trend in the CD4+/CD8+ cell ratio. CD4+CD8+/CD4+, regulatory T cells (Tregs), and Tregs/effector T cells (Teffs) ratios showed opposite changes. Fluoride inhibits T cell activation by inhibiting the expression and phosphorylation of Protein Kinase C-θ (PKC-θ), hinders the internalization of T cell receptors, and affects NF-kB and c-Jun protein expression, leading to homeostatic Treg/Teff imbalance in vivo and in vitro experiments. This study represents the first evidence suggesting that PKC-θ may be the key to immune imbalance in the body under fluoride exposure. It is possible that Tregs/Teffs cell ratio provide a reference point for the diagnosis and treatment of fluoride-induced immune damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Zhu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Bingshu Liu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Guiyu Fu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Dan Wei
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Liwei Zhang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China; Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Yanhui Gao
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China; Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China.
| | - Dianjun Sun
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China; Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China.
| | - Wei Wei
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China; Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China.
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9
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Zhu S, Wei W. Progress in research on the role of fluoride in immune damage. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1394161. [PMID: 38807586 PMCID: PMC11130356 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1394161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Excessive fluoride intake from residential environments may affect multiple tissues and organs; however, the specific pathogenic mechanisms are unclear. Researchers have recently focused on the damaging effects of fluoride on the immune system. Damage to immune function seriously affects the quality of life of fluoride-exposed populations and increases the incidence of infections and malignant tumors. Probing the mechanism of damage to immune function caused by fluoride helps identify effective drugs and methods to prevent and treat fluorosis and improve people's living standards in fluorosis-affected areas. Here, the recent literature on the effects of fluoride on the immune system is reviewed, and research on fluoride damage to the immune system is summarized in terms of three perspectives: immune organs, immune cells, and immune-active substances. We reviewed that excessive fluoride can damage immune organs, lead to immune cells dysfunction and interfere with the expression of immune-active substances. This review aimed to provide a potential direction for future fluorosis research from the perspective of fluoride-induced immune function impairment. In order to seek the key regulatory indicators of fluoride on immune homeostasis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Zhu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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10
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Ma T, Liu W, Jiang D, Zhang G, Zhao X, Zhang Y, Li Z. Analysis of Toxic Effects of Fluoride on Ovine Follicular Granulosa Cells Using RNA-Seq. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:506. [PMID: 38790611 PMCID: PMC11118050 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Fluoride is abundant in the environment and is an essential trace element in living organisms. However, prolonged excessive fluoride intake can lead to fluorosis, which poses a threat to the reproductive health of animals and humans. Although previous research has mainly focused on animal models, the impact of fluoride on ovine follicular granulosa cells (GCs) has not been comprehensively elucidated. This study employed RNA-Seq technology to elucidate the toxic effects of fluoride on ovine follicular GCs and its mechanism of action. Culturing primary ovine follicular GCs in vitro and subjecting them to fluoride treatment revealed 3218 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with 2278 upregulated and 940 downregulated. Significantly, this study unveiled fluoride's induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in cells, triggering a cascade involving the PERK pathway factor ATF4, leading to cell death via DDIT3/CHOP activation and the subsequent upregulation of CHAC1, ATF3, ERO1α, and TRIB3. These findings provide crucial insights into the toxicity of fluoride in ovine, offering a foundation for mitigating fluoride-related losses in the farming industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (T.M.); (W.L.); (D.J.); (G.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Wanruo Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (T.M.); (W.L.); (D.J.); (G.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Didi Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (T.M.); (W.L.); (D.J.); (G.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Guolin Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (T.M.); (W.L.); (D.J.); (G.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xingxu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (T.M.); (W.L.); (D.J.); (G.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (T.M.); (W.L.); (D.J.); (G.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Zongshuai Li
- Key Laboratory of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro Ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Grassland Agriculture Engineering Center, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
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11
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Grandjean P, Meddis A, Nielsen F, Beck IH, Bilenberg N, Goodman CV, Hu H, Till C, Budtz-Jørgensen E. Dose dependence of prenatal fluoride exposure associations with cognitive performance at school age in three prospective studies. Eur J Public Health 2024; 34:143-149. [PMID: 37798092 PMCID: PMC10843960 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckad170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fluoride may be a developmental neurotoxicant at elevated exposures. We merged new data from a prospective Odense Child Cohort (OCC) with results from two previous birth cohort studies from Mexico and Canada to characterize the dose-effect relationship in greater detail. METHODS The OCC contributed 837 mother-child pairs to the total of >1500. We measured creatinine-adjusted urine-fluoride concentrations in maternal urine samples obtained during late pregnancy. Child IQ was determined at age 7 years using an abbreviated version of the Wechsler Intelligence Scales for Children. Findings from the three cohorts were used to calculate the joint benchmark concentration (BMC) and the lower confidence limit (BMCL) after adjustment for covariables. RESULTS In the OCC, urine-fluoride concentrations varied between 0.08 and 3.04 mg/l (median 0.52 mg/l) but were not significantly associated with full-scale IQ at age 7 years (β = 0.08; 95% confidence interval -1.14 to 1.30 for a doubling in exposure). No difference was apparent between boys and girls. In the OCC, the BMC was 0.92 mg/l, with a BMCL of 0.30 mg/l. The joint analysis of all three cohorts showed a statistically significant association between urine-fluoride and IQ, with a BMC of 0.45 mg/l (BMCL, 0.28 mg/l), slightly higher than the BMC previously reported for the two North American cohorts alone. CONCLUSIONS As the BMCL reflects an approximate threshold for developmental neurotoxicity, the results suggest that pregnant women and children may need protection against fluoride toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Grandjean
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Flemming Nielsen
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Iben H Beck
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Niels Bilenberg
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Carly V Goodman
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Howard Hu
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christine Till
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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12
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Iamandii I, De Pasquale L, Giannone ME, Veneri F, Generali L, Consolo U, Birnbaum LS, Castenmiller J, Halldorsson TI, Filippini T, Vinceti M. Does fluoride exposure affect thyroid function? A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 242:117759. [PMID: 38029816 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fluoride exposure may have various adverse health effects, including affecting thyroid function and disease risk, but the pattern of such relation is still uncertain. METHODS We systematically searched human studies assessing the relation between fluoride exposure and thyroid function and disease. We compared the highest versus the lowest fluoride category across these studies, and we performed a one-stage dose-response meta-analysis for aggregated data to explore the shape of the association. RESULTS Most retrieved studies (27 of which with a cross-sectional design) were conducted in Asia and in children, assessing fluoride exposure through its concentrations in drinking water, urine, serum, or dietary intake. Twenty-four studies reported data on thyroid function by measuring thyroid-related hormones in blood (mainly thyroid-stimulating-hormone - TSH), 9 reported data on thyroid disease, and 4 on thyroid volume. By comparing the highest versus the lowest fluoride categories, overall mean TSH difference was 1.05 μIU/mL. Dose-response curve showed no change in TSH concentrations in the lowest water fluoride exposure range, while the hormone levels started to linearly increase around 2.5 mg/L, also dependending on the risk of bias of the included studies. The association between biomarkers of fluoride exposure and TSH was also positive, with little evidence of a threshold. Evidence for an association between fluoride exposure and blood concentrations of thyroid hormones was less evident, though there was an indication of inverse association with triiodothyronine. For thyroid disease, the few available studies suggested a positive association with goiter and with hypothyroidism in both children and adults. CONCLUSIONS Overall, exposure to high-fluoride drinking water appears to non-linearly affect thyroid function and increase TSH release in children, starting above a threshold of exposure, and to increase the risk of some thyroid diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Iamandii
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Lisa De Pasquale
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Maria Edvige Giannone
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Federica Veneri
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Transplant Surgery, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine Relevance (CHIMOMO), Unit of Dentistry & Oral-Maxillo-Facial Surgery, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; PhD Program in Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Luigi Generali
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Transplant Surgery, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine Relevance (CHIMOMO), Unit of Dentistry & Oral-Maxillo-Facial Surgery, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Ugo Consolo
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Transplant Surgery, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine Relevance (CHIMOMO), Unit of Dentistry & Oral-Maxillo-Facial Surgery, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Linda S Birnbaum
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jacqueline Castenmiller
- Office for Risk Assessment & Research, Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Thorhallur I Halldorsson
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Centre for Fetal Programming, Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Tommaso Filippini
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Marco Vinceti
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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13
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India Aldana S, Colicino E, Cantoral Preciado A, Tolentino M, Baccarelli AA, Wright RO, Téllez Rojo MM, Valvi D. Longitudinal associations between early-life fluoride exposures and cardiometabolic outcomes in school-aged children. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 183:108375. [PMID: 38128386 PMCID: PMC10842303 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Fluoride is a natural mineral present in food, water, and dental products, constituting ubiquitous long-term exposure in early childhood and across the lifespan. Experimental evidence shows fluoride-induced lipid disturbances with potential implications for cardiometabolic health. However, epidemiological studies are scarce. For the first time, we evaluated associations between repeated fluoride measures and cardiometabolic outcomes in children. METHODS We studied ∼ 500 Mexican children from the Programming Research in Obesity, Growth, Environment and Social Stressors (PROGRESS) cohort with measurements on urinary fluoride at age 4, and dietary fluoride at ages 4, 6, and 8 years approximately. We used covariate-adjusted linear mixed-effects and linear regression models to assess fluoride associations with multiple cardiometabolic outcomes (ages 4-8): lipids (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides), glucose, HbA1c, adipokines (leptin and adiponectin), body fat, and age- and sex-specific z-scores of body mass index (zBMI), waist circumference, and blood pressure. RESULTS Dietary fluoride intake at age 4 was associated with annual increases in triglycerides [β per-fluoride-doubling = 2.02 (95 % CI: 0.37, 3.69)], cholesterol [β = 1.46 (95 % CI: 0.52, 2.39)], HDL [β = 0.39 (95 % CI: 0.02, 0.76)], LDL [β = 0.87 (95 % CI: 0.02, 1.71)], and HbA1c [β = 0.76 (95 % CI: 0.28, 1.24)], and decreased leptin [β = -3.58 (95 % CI: -6.34, -0.75)] between the ages 4 and 8. In cross-sectional analyses at age 8, higher tertiles of fluoride exposure were associated with increases in zBMI, triglycerides, glucose, and leptin (p-tertile trend < 0.05). Stronger associations were observed in boys at year 8 and in girls prior to year 8 (p-sex interaction < 0.05). Fewer but consistent associations were observed for urinary fluoride at age 4, indicating increased annual changes in HDL and HbA1c with higher fluoride levels. CONCLUSION Dietary fluoride exposures in early- and mid-childhood were associated with adverse cardiometabolic outcomes in school-aged children. Further research is needed to elucidate whether these associations persist at later ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra India Aldana
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Elena Colicino
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Maricruz Tolentino
- Department of Nutrition, National Institute of Perinatology, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Andrea A Baccarelli
- Departments of Environmental Health Sciences and Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert O Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Martha María Téllez Rojo
- Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Damaskini Valvi
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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14
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Taher MK, Momoli F, Go J, Hagiwara S, Ramoju S, Hu X, Jensen N, Terrell R, Hemmerich A, Krewski D. Systematic review of epidemiological and toxicological evidence on health effects of fluoride in drinking water. Crit Rev Toxicol 2024; 54:2-34. [PMID: 38318766 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2023.2295338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fluoride is a naturally occurring substance that is also added to drinking water, dental hygiene products, and food supplements for preventing dental caries. Concerns have been raised about several other potential health risks of fluoride. OBJECTIVE To conduct a robust synthesis of evidence regarding human health risks due to exposure to fluoride in drinking water, and to develop a point of departure (POD) for setting a health-based value (HBV) for fluoride in drinking water. METHODS A systematic review of evidence published since recent reviews of human, animal, and in vitro data was carried out. Bradford Hill considerations were used to weigh the evidence for causality. Several key studies were considered for deriving PODs. RESULTS The current review identified 89 human studies, 199 animal studies, and 10 major in vitro reviews. The weight of evidence on 39 health endpoints was presented. In addition to dental fluorosis, evidence was considered strong for reduction in IQ scores in children, moderate for thyroid dysfunction, weak for kidney dysfunction, and limited for sex hormone disruptions. CONCLUSION The current review identified moderate dental fluorosis and reduction in IQ scores in children as the most relevant endpoints for establishing an HBV for fluoride in drinking water. PODs were derived for these two endpoints, although there is still some uncertainty in the causal weight of evidence for causality for reducing IQ scores in children and considerable uncertainty in the derivation of its POD. Given our evaluation of the overall weight of evidence, moderate dental fluorosis is suggested as the key endpoint until more evidence is accumulated on possible reduction of IQ scores effects. A POD of 1.56 mg fluoride/L for moderate dental fluorosis may be preferred as a starting point for setting an HBV for fluoride in drinking water to protect against moderate and severe dental fluorosis. Although outside the scope of the current review, precautionary concerns for potential neurodevelopmental cognitive effects may warrant special consideration in the derivation of the HBV for fluoride in drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Kadry Taher
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Franco Momoli
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer Go
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Shintaro Hagiwara
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Siva Ramoju
- Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Xuefeng Hu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Natalie Jensen
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Rowan Terrell
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Alex Hemmerich
- Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Faculty of Education, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel Krewski
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Garcia ALH, de Souza MR, Picinini J, Soares S, Rohr P, Linden R, Schneider A, Freitas MPM, Ely HC, Bobermin LD, Dos Santos AQ, Dalberto D, da Silva J. Unraveling gene expression and genetic instability in dental fluorosis: Investigating the impact of chronic fluoride exposure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167393. [PMID: 37769727 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Chronic fluoride exposure, even in small quantities, when continuously ingested by the human population, can lead to a significant public health concern known as fluorosis. Our understanding of the effects of fluoride on human health, as well as its potential to impact DNA, is limited. The present study aimed to assess genetic instability in 20 individuals diagnosed with dental fluorosis and 20 individuals without the condition from the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The participants' dental fluorosis was evaluated using the Thylstrup-Fejerskov index (TF). To further evaluate genetic instability, several assays were conducted, including the alkaline and modified (+FPG) comet assay (using a visual score, VS), the buccal micronucleus (MN) cytome (BMCyt) assay, the cytokinesis-block MN (CBMN-Cyt) assay, and the measurement of telomere length (TL). In addition, the study utilized tools from Systems Biology to gain insights into the effects of fluoride exposure on humans, which aided in the selection and evaluation of mRNA expression levels of specific genes, namely PPA1 (inorganic pyrophosphatase 1), AQP5 (Aquaporin 5), and MT-ATP6 (Mitochondrially Encoded Adenosine Triphosphate Synthase Membrane Subunit 6). Furthermore, fluoride levels in the blood and urine were assessed using an ion-selective electrode, along with the evaluation of the inflammatory response in serum. The group with dental fluorosis exhibited 2.18 times higher MN frequencies specifically when assessed using the CBMN-Cyt assay, in comparison with individuals without fluorosis. Findings from the enzyme-modified comet assay indicated oxidative damage to purines in DNA. Furthermore, a decrease in TL was observed, along with elevated expression patterns of the PPA1 and AQP5 genes, and significant alterations in cytokine release. Significant correlations were identified between the TF and age, as well as the levels of necrotic cells. Additionally, noteworthy correlations were established between fluoride levels and the levels of MN, VS, and MT-ATP6. Although dental fluorosis results from fluoride exposure, our research highlights the potential influence of this condition on genomic instability and gene expression. Consequently, our findings stress the importance of continuously monitoring populations with a high incidence of dental fluorosis to enhance our comprehension of how genomic instability might correlate with the origins and consequences of health problems in these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Leticia Hilario Garcia
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), 92425-900 Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, La Salle University (UniLaSalle), Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Melissa Rosa de Souza
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), 92425-900 Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliana Picinini
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), 92425-900 Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Solange Soares
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), 92425-900 Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Paula Rohr
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Linden
- Laboratory of Analytical Toxicology, Institute of Health Sciences, Graduate Program on Toxicology and Analytical Toxicology, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Anelise Schneider
- Laboratory of Analytical Toxicology, Institute of Health Sciences, Graduate Program on Toxicology and Analytical Toxicology, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria Perpétua Mota Freitas
- Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Graduate Program in Dentistry, 92425-900 Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Larissa Daniele Bobermin
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Anexo, Bairro Santa Cecília, Porto Alegre, RS 90035-003, Brazil
| | - André Quincozes Dos Santos
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Anexo, Bairro Santa Cecília, Porto Alegre, RS 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Daiana Dalberto
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), 92425-900 Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliana da Silva
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), 92425-900 Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, La Salle University (UniLaSalle), Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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16
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Wang F, Li Y, Tang D, Zhao J, Yang B, Zhang C, Su M, He Z, Zhu X, Ming D, Liu Y. Epidemiological analysis of drinking water-type fluorosis areas and the impact of fluorosis on children's health in the past 40 years in China. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:9925-9940. [PMID: 37906380 PMCID: PMC10673999 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01772-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
This study analyzed the effect of China's fluorosis prevention and control program, which has been in effect for more than 40 years, and the impact of fluorosis on children's health. Relevant research studies were retrieved from the following online databases from the time of their inception to May 2022: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Embase, Cochrane, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang. The Review Manager 5.3 software was used in statistical analyses. This article included seventy studies: Thirty-eight studies reported the effect of improving water quality and reducing fluoride content, the incidence rate of dental fluorosis in children, and the level of urinary fluoride, and thirty-two studies reported the intelligence quotient (IQ) and health status of children. Following water improvement strategies, the fluoride levels in drinking water decreased significantly; urinary fluoride levels and dental fluorosis decreased significantly in children. With regard to the effect of fluorosis on the IQ of children, the results showed that the IQ of children in areas with a high fluoride of fluorosis was lesser than that in areas with a low fluoride, and this difference was significant. Based on the prevalence of dental fluorosis and its effect on the intelligence of children, it appears that reducing fluoride levels in drinking water and monitoring water quality are important strategies for the prevention and treatment of fluorosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiqing Wang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin City, 300072, China
- Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 71 Bao Shan North Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yanju Li
- Clinical Research Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Dongxin Tang
- Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 71 Bao Shan North Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Jianing Zhao
- Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 71 Bao Shan North Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 71 Bao Shan North Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Chike Zhang
- Clinical Research Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Min Su
- National and Guizhou Joint Engineering Laboratory for Cell Engineering and Biomedicine Technique, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Zhixu He
- National and Guizhou Joint Engineering Laboratory for Cell Engineering and Biomedicine Technique, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin City, 300072, China.
- Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| | - Dong Ming
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin City, 300072, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 71 Bao Shan North Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou Province, China.
- National and Guizhou Joint Engineering Laboratory for Cell Engineering and Biomedicine Technique, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou Province, China.
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17
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Lingli C, Hongmei N, Penghuan J, Hongli Z, Yuye L, Rui W, Fei R, Zhihong Y, Dongfang H, Yaming G. Inhibition of RhoA/ROCK signalling pathway activity improves neural damage and cognitive deficits in the fluorosis model. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 266:115554. [PMID: 37806133 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Excessive fluoride intake poses health risks to humans and animals. Many studies have indicated that fluoride exposure can damage the cytoskeleton and synapses, which has negative effects on the intellectual development of humans and animals. Our previous study suggested that the RhoA/ROCK signalling pathway is activated by NaF exposure in HT-22 cells and plays a vital role in cytoskeletal assembly and synaptogenesis. However, the mechanism underlying RhoA/ROCK-mediated cytoskeletal injury induced by fluoride remains unclear. In this study, Neuro-2A cells and ICR mice were used to investigate the effects of RhoA/ROCK activation inhibition on NaF-induced synaptic dysfunction and cognitive impairment. We detected the expression of GAP, RhoA, ROCK1/2, and (p)-MLC in vivo and in vitro model. The results showed that NaF exposure activated the RhoA/ROCK/MLC signalling pathway. We measured the effects of RhoA/ROCK inhibition on synaptic injury and intellectual impairment induced by NaF exposure. In vitro, Y-27632 suppressed activated RhoA/ROCK, attenuated morphological and ultrastructural damage, and decreased the survival rate and synapse-functional protein expression caused by NaF. In vivo, the results showed that the RhoA/ROCK/MLC pathway was inhibited by fasudil and improved pathological damage in the hippocampus, cognitive impairment, and decreased expression of neurofunctional proteins induced by NaF. Overall, these results suggest that fasudil and Y-27632 can reverse neurotoxicity caused by fluoride exposure. Furthermore, inhibition of RhoA/ROCK may be a future treatment for CNS injury, and more detailed studies on other neurodegenerative disease models are required to confirm its effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Lingli
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Provence, 453003, China; Postdoctoral Research and Development Base, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Provence, 453003, China
| | - Ning Hongmei
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Provence, 453003, China
| | - Jia Penghuan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Provence, 453003, China
| | - Zhang Hongli
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Provence, 453003, China
| | - Liu Yuye
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Provence, 453003, China
| | - Wang Rui
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Provence, 453003, China
| | - Ren Fei
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Provence, 453003, China
| | - Yin Zhihong
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Provence, 453003, China
| | - Hu Dongfang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Provence, 453003, China
| | - Ge Yaming
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Provence, 453003, China.
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Nascimento Santos NG, Silva LC, Guidone GHM, Montini VH, Dias Oliva BH, Nascimento AB, de Sousa DNR, Kuroda EK, Rocha SPD. Water quality monitoring in southern Brazil and the assessment of risk factors related to contamination by coliforms and Escherichia coli. JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH 2023; 21:1550-1561. [PMID: 37902208 PMCID: wh_2023_182 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2023.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
The potability of water, including underground sources, is constantly affected by human activities. To assess water quality and water security in rural and urban areas of southern Brazil, a quantitative, retrospective analysis of water samples collected monthly by the Brazilian health authorities (19,687 samples from 2013 to 2021) was performed. In rural areas, 5,979 water samples (77.54%) were found to be contaminated by coliform bacteria and 3,431 (44.50%) by Escherichia coli. In addition, 1,616 (20.95%) of the contaminated samples were significantly correlated with rainfall amount. In urban areas, 1,268 (10.95%) of the samples contained coliform bacteria and 293 (2.53%) of these samples contained E. coli, with the factor of rainfall associated with 1,081 samples (9.33%) with bacterial contamination. In terms of physicochemical parameters, turbidity exceeded the national standard (5 uT) in 448 (2.32%) samples and fluoride fell below the required level (0.8 mg/L) in 106 samples (0.54%). The presence of free residual chlorine (0.2-2.0 mg/L) was verified in 846 samples (14.38%) in rural areas and in 10,825 samples (56.13%) in urban areas. These results suggest a strong association between rainfall factors and physicochemical alterations, as well as the risk of greater microbial contamination of water for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalia Geovana Nascimento Santos
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil E-mail:
| | - Luana Carvalho Silva
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | | | - Victor Hugo Montini
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Bruno Henrique Dias Oliva
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Arthur Bossi Nascimento
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | | | - Emília Kiyomi Kuroda
- Department of Civil Construction, Center of Technology and Urbanization, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Sergio Paulo Dejato Rocha
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
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Liu J, Wang S, Ji L, Wang X, Zhao H. Association between baseline pulse pressure and hospital mortality in non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage patients: a retrospective cohort study. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1176546. [PMID: 37528860 PMCID: PMC10389704 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1176546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Previous studies have described an association between pulse pressure (PP) level and mortality in stroke patients. Evidence of associations between PP level and the risk of mortality remains unknown in non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) patients. We aimed to explore the relationship between the baseline PP level and hospital mortality. Methods This cohort study of 693 non-traumatic SAH adults used Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC-IV) data from 2008-2019 admissions to Intensive Care Unit (ICU). PP level was calculated as the first value after admission to the ICU. The endpoint of the study was in-hospital mortality. Cox proportional hazards models were utilized to analyze the association between baseline PP level and hospital mortality. Restricted Cubic Splines (RCS) analysis was utilized to determine the relationship curve between hospital mortality and PP level and examine the threshold saturation effect. We further applied Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis to examine the consistency of these correlations. The interaction test was used to identify subgroups with differences. Results The mean age of the study population was 58.8 ± 14.6 years, and 304 (43.9%) of participants were female. When baseline PP level was assessed in quartiles, compared to the reference group (Q1 ≤ 56 mmHg), the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) in Q2 (57-68 mmHg), Q3(69-82 mmHg), Q4 (≥83 mmHg) were 0.55 (95% CI: 0.33-0.93, p = 0.026), 0.99 (95% CI, 0.62-1.59, p = 0.966), and 0.99 (95% CI: 0.62-1.59, p = 0.954), respectively. In the threshold analysis, for every 5 mmHg increase in PP level, there was an 18.2% decrease in hospital mortality (adjusted HR, 0.818; 95% CI, 0.738-0.907; p = 0.0001) in those with PP level less than 60 mmHg, and a 7.7% increase in hospital mortality (adjusted HR, 1.077; 95% CI, 1.018-1.139; p = 0.0096) in those with PP level was 60 mmHg or higher. Conclusion For patients with non-traumatic SAH, the association between baseline PP and risk of hospital mortality was non-linear, with an inflection point at 60 mmHg and a minimal risk at 57 to 68 mmHg (Q2) of baseline PP level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuling Liu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University (Yancheng Third People's Hospital), Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lin Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University (Yancheng Third People's Hospital), Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hang Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University (Yancheng Third People's Hospital), Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, China
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Liu J, Wang J. Association between hemoglobin-to-red blood cell distribution width ratio and hospital mortality in patients with non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1180912. [PMID: 37388548 PMCID: PMC10303799 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1180912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In patients with ischemic stroke, low hemoglobin-to-red blood cell distribution width ratio (HRR) was associated with an increased risk of mortality. However, it was unknown in the non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) population. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between baseline HRR and in-hospital mortality in patients with non-traumatic SAH. Methods Non-traumatic SAH patients were screened out of the Medical Information Mart for Intensive IV (MIMIC-IV) database between 2008 and 2019. The Cox proportional hazard regression models were utilized to analyze the association between baseline HRR and in-hospital mortality. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) analysis was utilized to determine the relationship curve between hospital mortality and the HRR level and examine the threshold saturation effect. We further applied Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis to examine the consistency of these correlations. The interaction test was used to identify subgroups with differences. Results A total of 842 patients were included in this retrospective cohort study. Compared with individuals with lower HRR Q1 ( ≤ 7.85), the adjusted HR values in Q2 (7.86-9.15), Q3 (9.16-10.16), and Q4 (≥10.17) were 0.574 (95% CI: 0.368-0.896, p = 0.015), 0.555 (95% CI: 0.346-0.890, p = 0.016), and 0.625 (95% CI: 0.394-0.991, p = 0.045), respectively. The association between the HRR level and in-hospital mortality exhibited a non-linear relationship (p < 0.05). The threshold inflection point value of 9.50 was calculated using RCS analysis. When the HHR level was lower than 9.50, the risk of in-hospital mortality rate decreased with an adjusted HR of 0.79 (95% CI: 0.70-0.90, p = 0.0003). When the HRR level was higher than 9.50, the risk of in-hospital mortality almost hardly increased with the increase in the HRR level (adjusted HR = 1.18, 95% CI: 0.91-1.53, p = 0.2158). K-M analysis showed that patients with low HRR levels had significantly higher in-hospital mortality (p < 0.001). Conclusion There was a non-linear connection between the baseline HRR level and in-hospital mortality. A low level of HRR could increase the risk of death in participants with non-traumatic SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuling Liu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junhong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Wei D, Sun Y, Chen R, Meng Y, Wu W. Age‑adjusted Charlson comorbidity index and in‑hospital mortality in critically ill patients with cardiogenic shock: A retrospective cohort study. Exp Ther Med 2023; 25:299. [PMID: 37229315 PMCID: PMC10203756 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.11998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence regarding the relationship between age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index (ACCI) and in-hospital mortality is limited. Therefore, the present study investigated whether there was an independent association between ACCI and in-hospital mortality in critically ill patients with cardiogenic shock (CS) after adjusting for other covariates (age, sex, history of disease, scoring system, in-hospital management, vital signs at presentation, laboratory findings and vasopressors). ACCI, calculated retrospectively after hospitalization between 2008 and 2019, was derived from intensive care unit (ICU) admissions at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (Boston, MA, USA). Patients with CS were classified into two categories based on predefined ACCI scores (low, <8; high, ≥8). Based on baseline ACCI, the risk of in-hospital mortality in patients with CS was calculated using a multivariate Cox proportional risk model, and the threshold effect was calculated using a two-piece linear regression model. The in-hospital mortality rate was ~1.5 times greater in the ACCI high group compared with that in the ACCI low group [hazard ratio (HR)=1.45; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.14-1.86]. Additional analysis showed that ACCI had a curvilinear association with in-hospital mortality risk in patients with CS, with a saturation effect predicted at 4.5. When ACCI was >4.5, the risk of in-hospital CS death increased significantly with increasing ACCI (HR=1.122; 95% CI, 1.054-1.194). Overall, ACCI was an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality in ICU patients with CS. A non-linear relationship was revealed between ACCI and in-hospital mortality, where in-hospital mortality increased significantly when ACCI was >4.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Wei
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Liuzhou Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 545001, P.R. China
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530000, P.R. China
| | - Rongtao Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530000, P.R. China
| | - Yuanting Meng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530000, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
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22
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Lin YY, Hsu WY, Yen CE, Hu SW. Association of Dental Fluorosis and Urinary Fluoride with Intelligence among Schoolchildren. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:987. [PMID: 37371219 DOI: 10.3390/children10060987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Fluoride is present naturally in water and has been used worldwide for the prevention of caries. Several studies conducted in high water fluoride or endemic fluorosis areas reported that fluoride adversely affected children's cognitive function, but some studies had negative findings. This study aimed to assess the relationship between urinary fluoride, dental fluorosis, and intelligence among schoolchildren living in communities with non-fluoridated drinking water. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 562 children aged 6-12 years in Taichung, Taiwan. Each child's urinary fluoride level was determined by a fluoride-ion-selective electrode, and the dental fluorosis condition was evaluated according to the criteria of Dean's Index. The Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices-Parallel and Standard Progressive Matrices-Parallel were used to assess children's intelligence. The results showed that the mean (±standard deviation) urinary fluoride concentrations were 0.40 ± 0.27 mg/L (0.43 ± 0.23 mg/g creatinine) among participants. The prevalence of dental fluorosis was 23.67%. After extensive evaluation of potential confounders, dental fluorosis and urinary fluoride were not associated with intelligence quotient (IQ) scores or grades in the regression models. In conclusion, dental fluorosis and urinary fluoride levels were not significantly related to the IQ of schoolchildren living in areas with low drinking water fluoride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuh-Yih Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yu Hsu
- Department of Psychology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chin-En Yen
- Department of Early Childhood Development and Education, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung 41349, Taiwan
| | - Suh-Woan Hu
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
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Zhang K, Lu Z, Guo X. Advances in epidemiological status and pathogenesis of dental fluorosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1168215. [PMID: 37215086 PMCID: PMC10196443 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1168215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluoride is commonly consider as a "double-edged sword" because low consumption of fluoride can effectively prevent dental caries, but excessive consumption of fluoride can cause fluorosis. Dental fluorosis (DF) is a characteristic feature of fluorosis in the oral cavity that is manifested as tooth color changes and evident enamel defect. Presently, the pathogenesis of DF remains unclear. Herein, we have summarized the research progress in the pathogenesis and mechanism of DF in the past 5 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiqiang Zhang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhenfu Lu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoying Guo
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Kumar JV, Moss ME, Liu H, Fisher-Owens S. Association between low fluoride exposure and children's intelligence: a meta-analysis relevant to community water fluoridation. Public Health 2023; 219:73-84. [PMID: 37120936 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous meta-analyses have mainly focused on studies conducted in endemic fluorosis areas with relatively high fluoride concentrations. These are impoverished rural communities in China, India, and Iran, and the findings cannot be generalised to developed countries. Therefore, we investigated the association between fluoride concentrations relevant to community water fluoridation and children's cognition measured with IQ scores by synthesising effect sizes reported in observational studies. METHODS A previous meta-analysis and the National Toxicology Program database that included a search of multiple databases and the authors' search of PubMed, Google Scholar, and Mendeley provided the data. Cross-sectional and cohort studies examining the association between fluoride and children's cognition and intelligence scores were selected. Two reviewers abstracted data using standard procedures. We performed three meta-analyses to synthesise the effects using the random effects models. RESULTS Eight studies of standardized mean difference in IQ scores from non-endemic fluorosis areas found no statistically significant difference between recommended and lower levels of fluoride (standardized mean difference = 0.07; 95% confidence interval: -0.02, 0.17; I2 = 0%), and no significant fluctuation in IQ scores across the differences in fluoride concentrations by non-linear modeling with restricted cubic spline (P = 0.21). Meta-analyses of children's and maternal spot urinary fluoride associated pooled regression coefficients (Betachildren = 0.16; 95% confidence interval: -0.40, 0.73; P = 0.57; I2 = 0%, Betamaternal = -0.92; 95% CI: -3.29, 1.46; P = 0.45; I2 = 72%) were not statistically significant. Further regression analysis by standardizing absolute mean IQ scores from lower fluoride areas did not show a relationship between F concentration and IQ scores (Model Likelihood-ratio test: P-value = 0.34.) CONCLUSIONS: These meta-analyses show that fluoride exposure relevant to community water fluoridation is not associated with lower IQ scores in children. However, the reported association observed at higher fluoride levels in endemic areas requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayanth V Kumar
- California Department of Public Health, MS 7208, 1616 Capitol Ave, Sacramento, CA 95814, USA.
| | - Mark E Moss
- ECU School of Dental Medicine, 1851 MacGregor Downs Road - MS 701, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834-4354, USA
| | - Honghu Liu
- Public and Population Health, School of Dentistry, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), CA 90095, USA
| | - Susan Fisher-Owens
- School of Medicine and School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, 1001 Potrero Ave, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
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Zhou J, Sun D, Wei W. Necessity to Pay Attention to the Effects of Low Fluoride on Human Health: an Overview of Skeletal and Non-skeletal Damages in Epidemiologic Investigations and Laboratory Studies. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:1627-1638. [PMID: 35661326 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03302-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Due to the implementation of water improvement and fluoride reduction plans supported by central and local governments in recent years, areas with high fluoride exposure are being gradually decreased. Therefore, it is of practical importance to study the effect of low fluoride on human health. Epidemiologic investigations and in vivo and in vitro studies based on low fluoride have also confirmed that fluoride not only causes skeletal damage, such as dental fluorosis, but also causes non-skeletal damage involving the cardiovascular system, nervous system, hepatic and renal function, reproductive system, thyroid function, blood glucose homeostasis, and the immune system. This article summarizes the effects of low fluoride on human and animal skeletal and non-skeletal systems. A preliminary exploration of corresponding mechanisms that will help to fully understand the harm of low fluoride on human health was undertaken to provide the basis for establishing new water fluoride standards and help to implement individual guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhou
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
- National Health Commission, Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Harbin Medical University (23618504), Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, 150081, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Dianjun Sun
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
- National Health Commission, Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Harbin Medical University (23618504), Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, 150081, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China.
- National Health Commission, Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Harbin Medical University (23618504), Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China.
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, 150081, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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Wei D, Sun Y, Chen R, Meng Y, Wu W. The Charlson comorbidity index and short-term readmission in patients with heart failure: A retrospective cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e32953. [PMID: 36820540 PMCID: PMC9907905 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) and short-term readmission is as yet unknown. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether the CCI was independently related to short-term readmission in patients with heart failure (HF) after adjusting for other covariates. From December 2016 to June 2019, 2008 patients who underwent HF were enrolled in the study to determine the relationship between CCI and short-term readmission. Patients with HF were divided into 2 categories based on the predefined CCI (low < 3 and high > =3). The relationships between CCI and short-term readmission were analyzed in multivariable logistic regression models and a 2-piece linear regression model. In the high CCI group, the risk of short-term readmission was higher than that in the low CCI group. A curvilinear association was found between CCI and short-term readmission, with a saturation effect predicted at 2.97. In patients with HF who had CCI scores above 2.97, the risk of short-term readmission increased significantly (OR, 2.66; 95% confidence interval, 1.566-4.537). A high CCI was associated with increased short-term readmission in patients with HF, indicating that the CCI could be useful in estimating the readmission rate and has significant predictive value for clinical outcomes in patients with HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Wei
- Department of Cardiovascular, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Cardiovascular, Liuzhou Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Rongtao Chen
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Yuanting Meng
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, China
- * Correspondence: Wei Wu, Department of Cardiovascular, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou 510405, China (e-mail: )
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Colorimetric sensing of fluoride ion by a Chlorophosphonazo III -based Al3+ complex in aqueous media via indicator displacement approach. Tetrahedron Lett 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2023.154405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Gopu BP, Azevedo LB, Duckworth RM, Subramanian MKP, John S, Zohoori FV. The Relationship between Fluoride Exposure and Cognitive Outcomes from Gestation to Adulthood-A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:22. [PMID: 36612346 PMCID: PMC9819484 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to high levels of fluoride may cause health concerns, including in cognitive function. This study reviewed the evidence on the association between fluoride exposure and cognitive outcomes in children from gestation up to 18 years old. A literature search was conducted for studies on pregnant women and children below 18, exposed to any source of fluoride, and assessed with a validated cognitive tool. The data were analyzed using a systematic narrative synthesis approach and by subgroup: study design, age of participants, levels of fluoride exposure and methodological quality. Our search retrieved 15,072 articles, of which 46 met the inclusion criteria. Only 6 of the studies had a longitudinal design; the remainder were cross-sectional. The levels of fluoride exposure were ≥2 mg/L in 27 studies and <2 mg/L in 13 studies; 6 studies did not report levels of fluoride exposure. Only 1 of 5 studies graded as excellent quality showed a negative association between fluoride exposure and cognitive outcomes, whereas 30 of 34 poor and fair quality studies reported a negative association. The overall evidence from this review suggests that high fluoride exposure might be associated with negative cognitive outcomes in children. However, more longitudinal studies with high methodological quality are needed on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banu Preethi Gopu
- School of Health &and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, UK
| | - Liane B. Azevedo
- School of Human and Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Ralph M. Duckworth
- School of Health &and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, UK
| | | | - Sherley John
- School of Health &and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, UK
| | - Fatemeh Vida Zohoori
- School of Health &and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, UK
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Saeed M, Rehman MYA, Farooqi A, Malik RN. Arsenic and fluoride co-exposure through drinking water and their impacts on intelligence and oxidative stress among rural school-aged children of Lahore and Kasur districts, Pakistan. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:3929-3951. [PMID: 34751868 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-01141-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As), and fluoride (F-) are potent contaminants with established carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic impacts on the exposed populations globally. Despite elevated groundwater As and F- levels being reported from various regions of Pakistan no biomonitoring study has been reported yet to address the co-exposure impact of As and F- among school children. We aimed to investigate the effects of these two contaminants on dental fluorosis and intelligence quotient (IQ) along with the induction of oxidative stress in rural children under co-exposed conditions. A total of 148 children (5 to 16 years old) from the exposed and control group were recruited in the current study from endemic rural areas of Lahore and Kasur districts, Pakistan having elevated As and F- levels in drinking water than permissible limits. We monitored malondialdehyde and its probable association with antioxidants activity (SOD, CAT, and GR) as a biomarker of oxidative stress. GSTM1/T1 polymorphisms were measured to find the impact of As on health parameters. Mean urinary concentrations of As (2.70 vs. 0.016 µg/L, P < 0.000) and F- (3.27 vs. 0.24 mg/L, P < 0.000) as well as the frequency of dental fluorosis were found elevated among the exposed group. The cases of children with lower IQ were observed high in the exposed group. Additionally, lower concentrations of antioxidants (SOD, CAT, and GR) were found suggesting high susceptibility to F- toxicity. The findings suggest that F- accounted for high variations in health parameters of children under the co-exposure conditions with As.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saeed
- Environmental Health and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yasir Abdur Rehman
- Environmental Health and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Abida Farooqi
- Environmental Geochemistry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Riffat Naseem Malik
- Environmental Health and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
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Xia L, Han Q, Shang L, Wang Y, Li X, Zhang J, Yang T, Liu J, Liu L. Quality assessment and prediction of municipal drinking water using water quality index and artificial neural network: A case study of Wuhan, central China, from 2013 to 2019. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 844:157096. [PMID: 35779730 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The sanitary security of drinking water is closely related to human health, but its quality assessment mainly focused on limited types of indicators and relatively restricted time span. The current study was aimed to evaluate the long-term spatial-temporal distribution of municipal drinking water quality and explore the origin of water contamination based on multiple water indicators of 137 finished water samples and 863 tap water samples from Wuhan city, China. Water quality indexes (WQIs) were calculated to integrate the measured indicators. WQIs of the finished water samples ranged from 0.24 to 0.92, with the qualification rate and excellent rate of 100 % and 96.4 %, respectively, while those of the tap water samples ranged from 0.09 to 3.20, with the qualification rate of 99.9 %, and excellent rate of 95.5 %. Artificial neural network model was constructed based on the time series of WQIs from 2013 to 2019 to predict the water quality thereafter. The predicted WQIs of finished and tap water in 2020 and 2021 qualified on the whole, with the excellent rate of 87.5 % and 92.9 %, respectively. Except for three samples exceeding the limits of free chlorine residual, chloroform and fluoride, respectively, the majority of indicators reached the threshold values for drinking. Our study suggested that municipal drinking water quality in Wuhan was generally stable and in line with the national hygiene standards. Moreover, principal component analysis illustrated that the main potential sources of drinking water contamination were inorganic salts and organic matters, followed by pollution from distribution systems, the use of aluminum-containing coagulants and turbidity involved in water treatment, which need more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Qing Han
- Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei 430024, PR China
| | - Lv Shang
- Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei 430024, PR China
| | - Yao Wang
- Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei 430024, PR China
| | - Xinying Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Tingting Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Junling Liu
- Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei 430024, PR China.
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China.
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Hao Y, Dong W, Liu Y, Wen X, Shuang S, Hu Q, Dong C, Gong X. Nitrogen-doped carbon dots coupled with morin-Al 3+: Cleverly design an integrated sensing platform for ratiometric optical dual-mode and smartphone-assisted visual detection of fluoride ion. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 439:129596. [PMID: 35863221 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ratiometric fluorescence sensor has high selectivity and good sensitivity; however, its development is limited by intricate design, tedious synthesis, etc. Herein, a facile and effective ratiometric fluorescence sensing platform for fluoride ion (F-) detection was developed by simply combining nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs) and morin-Al3+ based on inner filter effect (IFE). The competitive binding of F- to Al3+ obviously decreased morin-Al3+ fluorescence and increased N-CDs fluorescence, attributing to the inhibition of IFE between N-CDs and morin-Al3+. The as-constructed ratiometric fluorescence sensing platform can be used for F- detection with a wide linear range (0.5-150 μM) and a low detection limit (55.8 nM). Interestingly, with the introduction of F- into the N-CDs/morin-Al3+ sensing platform, a distinguishable change in fluorescence color from green to blue enabled the N-CDs/morin-Al3+ system to be used as a smartphone-assisted visual sensing platform for F- detection with a detection limit of 2.09 μM. This platform was successfully applied for the onsite monitoring of F- in various water samples with satisfying results. These findings provide a novel guidance for the facile construction of a ratiometric optical dual-mode and smartphone-assisted sensing platform based on CDs, revealing the broad application prospect of CDs in environmental monitoring field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Hao
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, PR China
| | - Wenjuan Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, PR China
| | - Xiaole Wen
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, PR China
| | - Shaomin Shuang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, PR China
| | - Qin Hu
- College of Food Chemistry and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, PR China
| | - Chuan Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, PR China.
| | - Xiaojuan Gong
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, PR China.
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Association of Visceral Fat Area and Hyperuricemia in Non-Obese US Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14193992. [PMID: 36235645 PMCID: PMC9570922 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between visceral fat area (VFA) and hyperuricemia (HUA) among non-obese adults. We extracted data from 6224 US adults aged 20−59 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2011−2018. The VFA was divided into four quartiles (Q1−Q4). We used multivariable logistic regression models to control for known confounders. A generalized additive model (GAM) and restricted cubic spines were used to examine the association between VFA and HUA stratified by sex, and a two-piecewise linear regression model was used to calculate the threshold effect among males. The results revealed that the prevalence of HUA was 11.8% (men 15.8%, women 7.2%). In the fully adjusted model, there was a positive association between VFA and HUA [as a quartile variable, Q4 vs. Q1, odds ratio (OR): 3.77 and 95% confidence interval (CI): (2.47~5.75), p < 0.001, p for trend < 0.001; as a continuous variable, per 10 cm2 increment, OR (95%CI):1.10(1.07,1.14), p < 0.001]. Besides, this positive association remained significantly stratified by sex. Interestingly, we observed a nonlinear dose-response relationship between VFA and HUA in males (inflection point: 107.46 cm2). In conclusion, our study confirmed a significant positive relationship between VFA and HUA among non-obese adults and remained statistically significant when stratified by sex.
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Xu H, Bo Y. Associations between pyrethroid exposure and serum sex steroid hormones in adults: Findings from a nationally representative sample. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 300:134591. [PMID: 35427660 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyrethroids have been considered as potential endocrine-disrupting chemicals and have been shown to be associated with endocrine-related health outcomes. However, limited studies directly explored the link between pyrethroid exposure and sex hormones in the general population. OBJECTIVES To explore the associations between exposure to pyrethroids and serum sex steroid hormones in adults. METHODS We evaluated the cross-sectional associations in 1235 adults aged ≥20 years who had been assigned to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2014. The urinary concentration of 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) was applied as a biomarker of human pyrethroid exposure levels. Information on sex steroid hormones, including total testosterone (TT), estradiol (E2), and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) in serum were measured. Free androgen index (FAI) and the ratio of TT to E2 (TT/E2) were also calculated. The percent changes with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for a doubling of 3-PBA concentrations in the serum sex hormone levels were estimated using generalized linear regression models. RESULTS The overall median concentrations of creatinine-adjusted 3-PBA were 0.58 μg/g creatinine, and 90.0% of adults had a detectable level of 3-PBA. In females, every two-fold increase in 3-PBA was associated with 4.34% (95% CI: 1.58%, 7.18%) higher levels of TT and 4.05% (95% CI: 7.03%, 1.16%) higher levels of SHBG, respectively. In males, a doubling in 3-PBA was associated with 3.02% (95% CI: 1.21%, 4.86%) increase in SHBG but 1.85% (-3.59%, -0.07%) decrease in FAI, respectively. In addition, significant non-linear associations of 3-PBA with SHBG in both males and females and TT in females were observed. CONCLUSIONS Environmental pyrethroid exposure was associated with altered sex hormones in adults. This study provides important epidemiological evidence for the association of pyrethroids with endocrine disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huadong Xu
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310013, China.
| | - Yacong Bo
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China
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Di Paola D, Capparucci F, Lanteri G, Crupi R, Marino Y, Franco GA, Cuzzocrea S, Spanò N, Gugliandolo E, Peritore AF. Environmental Toxicity Assessment of Sodium Fluoride and Platinum-Derived Drugs Co-Exposure on Aquatic Organisms. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10050272. [PMID: 35622686 PMCID: PMC9145728 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10050272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals are widely acknowledged to be a threat to aquatic life. Over the last two decades, the steady use of biologically active chemicals for human health has been mirrored by a rise in the leaking of these chemicals into natural environments. The aim of this work was to detect the toxicity of sodium fluoride (NaF) exposure and platinum-derived drugs in an ecological setting on aquatic organism development. From 24 to 96 h post-fertilization, zebrafish embryos were treated to dosages of NaF 10 mg/L−1 + cisplatin (CDDP) 100 μM, one with NaF 10 mg/L−1 + carboplatin (CARP) 25 μM, one with NaF 10 mg/L−1 + CDDP 100 μM + CARP 25 μM. Fluoride exposure in combination with Cisplatin and Carboplatin (non-toxic concentration) had an effect on survival and hatching rate according to this study. Additionally, it significantly disturbed the antioxidant defense system and increased ROS in zebrafish larvae. NaF 10 mg/L−1 associated with CDDP 100 μM and CARP 25 μM, increased the production of apoptosis-related proteins (caspase 3, bax, and bcl-2) and the downregulation of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, while no effect was seen for the single exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Di Paola
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (D.D.P.); (F.C.); (G.L.); (Y.M.); (G.A.F.); (A.F.P.)
| | - Fabiano Capparucci
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (D.D.P.); (F.C.); (G.L.); (Y.M.); (G.A.F.); (A.F.P.)
| | - Giovanni Lanteri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (D.D.P.); (F.C.); (G.L.); (Y.M.); (G.A.F.); (A.F.P.)
| | - Rosalia Crupi
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.C.); (E.G.)
| | - Ylenia Marino
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (D.D.P.); (F.C.); (G.L.); (Y.M.); (G.A.F.); (A.F.P.)
| | - Gianluca Antonio Franco
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (D.D.P.); (F.C.); (G.L.); (Y.M.); (G.A.F.); (A.F.P.)
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (D.D.P.); (F.C.); (G.L.); (Y.M.); (G.A.F.); (A.F.P.)
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
- Correspondence: (S.C.); (N.S.); Tel.: +39-906-765-208 (S.C.)
| | - Nunziacarla Spanò
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.C.); (N.S.); Tel.: +39-906-765-208 (S.C.)
| | - Enrico Gugliandolo
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.C.); (E.G.)
| | - Alessio Filippo Peritore
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (D.D.P.); (F.C.); (G.L.); (Y.M.); (G.A.F.); (A.F.P.)
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Du C, Xiao P, Gao S, Chen S, Chen B, Huang W, Zhao C. High Fluoride Ingestion Impairs Bone Fracture Healing by Attenuating M2 Macrophage Differentiation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:791433. [PMID: 35669059 PMCID: PMC9164140 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.791433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorosis is still endemic in at least 25 countries around the world. In this study, we investigated the effect of high fluoride intake on fracture healing. Our in vitro experiments found that fluoride inhibited the osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation of MSCs in a dose-dependent manner. By constructing a bone fracture model, we found that high fluoride intake influences bone fracture by attenuating endochondral ossification and angiogenesis. In the mechanism, we clarified that high fluoride inhibits M2 differentiation rather than M1 differentiation in the fracture area, which may contribute to the delayed healing of the fracture. These findings provide an essential reference for the clinical treatment of bone fracture patients with a history of high fluoride intake or skeletal fluorosis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Wei Huang
- *Correspondence: Wei Huang, ; Chen Zhao,
| | - Chen Zhao
- *Correspondence: Wei Huang, ; Chen Zhao,
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Zeng X, Cai L, Yang W, Tan W, Huang W, Chen Y. Association between the 24-hour movement guidelines and executive function among Chinese children. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1017. [PMID: 35596171 PMCID: PMC9121539 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13420-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Childhood is a critical period for brain development. However, it remains unknown whether the behaviors in a typical 24-h day are related to children’s executive function (EF). This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the 24-h movement guidelines and children’s EF. Method Children aged 7–12 years (n = 376) were studied in 2017 in China. Physical activity (PA) was accelerometer-derived, while screen time (ST) and sleep duration were self-reported. Meeting the 24-h movement guidelines was defined as: 1) ≥ 60 min/day of moderate-to-vigorous PA; 2) ≤ 2 h/day of recreational ST; 3) 9–11 h/night of sleep. EF was assessed by the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Number of completed categories (CC), shifting efficiency (SE), non-perseverative errors (NPE), and failure to maintain set (FMS) were used to measure four processes of EF, respectively represented global performance, cognitive flexibility, efficiency in rule discovery, and sustained attention. Generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) were completed to explore the associations of meeting the PA, ST, and sleep duration recommendations with four processes of EF. Results Statistically significant positive associations were observed between the number of guidelines met, regarded as a continuous variable, with CC [β = 0.343 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.125, 0.561)] and SE [β = 4.028 (95% CI: 0.328, 7.727)], while number of guidelines met negatively related to NPE [β = − 4.377 (95% CI:-7.952,-0.802)]. Participants not meeting the two recommendations for PA and sleep duration had lower scores in CC [β = -0.636(95% CI:-1.125,-0.147)] and SE [β = -10.610 (95% CI:-18.794,-2.425)] compared with those meeting the two, suggesting inferior global performance and worse efficiency in rule discovery. However, ST recommendation had no significant association with any processes of EF. Conclusion Meeting more recommendations of the 24-h movement guidelines was associated with superior EF in children. Specifically, more PA and healthy sleep duration should be encouraged to promote children’s EF. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-13420-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zeng
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510310, China.,School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Public Health Detection and Assessment, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510310, China
| | - Li Cai
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Wenhan Yang
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510310, China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Public Health Detection and Assessment, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510310, China
| | - Weiqing Tan
- Health Promotion Center for Primary and Secondary Schools of Guangzhou Municipality, Guangzhou, 510145, China
| | - Wendy Huang
- Department of Sport and Physical Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yajun Chen
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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Chen X, Chen Z, Hu Y, Ma L, Zhang Z, Yi F, Zhang H, Liu C. Novel quinolinium-derivated fluorescent fluoride chemosensor based on the F−-triggered cascade reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.153870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Sun H, Wen B, Wu Z, Xing A, Xu X, Chang Y, Guo G, Wang Y. The performance of water-soluble fluoride transformation in soil-tea-tea infusion chain system and the potential health risk assessment. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:2893-2902. [PMID: 34755346 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Water-soluble fluoride (WS-F) can be absorbed directly by tea plants from soil and comprises a major source of dietary F in tea consumers. To reveal the WS-F accumulation in tea leaves and assess WS-F health risks, 70 sets of samples including tea leaves at three maturity stages and corresponding topsoil were collected from Xinyang, China. The WS-F contents in tea samples and pH values in soil samples were determined. RESULTS The contents of WS-F in tea leaves exhibited a positive correlation with leaf maturity. The contents of WS-F in tea leaves showed a positive correlation with WS-F contents in the soil as the soil pH value exceeds 5. All the bud with two leaves samples, 84.29% of the third to sixth leaves samples, and 78.57% mature leaves samples in 5-min infusion tend to be no health threat. The leaching characteristics of WS-F from tea leaves were influenced by the leaf maturity and soaking time. CONCLUSION Taking measures to control pH and WS-F concentration of plantations soil, as well as drinking tea infusion made from young leaves or reducing soaking time could decrease the WS-F health risk. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Sun
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Bo Wen
- College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Zichen Wu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Anqi Xing
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohan Xu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Yali Chang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Comprehensive Utilization in South Henan, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, P. R. China
| | - Guiyi Guo
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Comprehensive Utilization in South Henan, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, P. R. China
| | - Yuhua Wang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
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Han X, Tang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Hu Z, Xu W, Xu S, Niu Q. Impaired V-ATPase leads to increased lysosomal pH, results in disrupted lysosomal degradation and autophagic flux blockage, contributes to fluoride-induced developmental neurotoxicity. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 236:113500. [PMID: 35421827 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fluoride is capable of inducing developmental neurotoxicity, yet its mechanisms remain elusive. We aimed to explore the possible role and mechanism of autophagic flux blockage caused by abnormal lysosomal pH in fluoride-induced developmental neurotoxicity, focusing on the role of V-ATPase in regulating the neuronal lysosomal pH. Using Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to sodium fluoride (NaF) from gestation through delivery until the neonatal offspring reached six months of age as an in vivo model. The results showed that NaF impaired the cognitive abilities of the offspring rats. In addition, NaF reduced V-ATPase expression, diminished lysosomal degradation capacity and blocked autophagic flux, and increased apoptosis in the hippocampus of offspring. Consistently, these results were validated in SH-SY5Y cells incubated with NaF. Moreover, NaF increased the SH-SY5Y lysosomal pH. Mechanistically, V-ATPase B2 overexpression and ATP effectively restored V-ATPase expression, reducing NaF-induced lysosomal alkalinization while increasing lysosomal degradation capacity. Notably, those above pharmacological and molecular interventions diminished NaF-induced apoptosis by restoring autophagic flux. Collectively, the present findings suggested that NaF impairs the lysosomal pH raised by V-ATPase. This leads to reduced lysosomal degradation capacity and triggers autophagic flux blockage and apoptosis, thus contributing to neuronal death. Therefore, V-ATPase might be a promising indicator of developmental fluoride neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xie Han
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University), People's Republic of China
| | - Yanling Tang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University), People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanli Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University), People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University), People's Republic of China
| | - Zeyu Hu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University), People's Republic of China
| | - Wanjing Xu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University), People's Republic of China
| | - Shangzhi Xu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University), People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Niu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University), People's Republic of China.
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Zhang L, Gao X, Chen X, Zhao M, Wu H, Liu Y. A smartphone integrated ratiometric fluorescent sensor for point-of-care testing of fluoride ions. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:3999-4009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04046-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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The association between the non-HDL-cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol ratio and 28-day mortality in sepsis patients: a cohort study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3476. [PMID: 35241749 PMCID: PMC8894387 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07459-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The focus of this study was to explore the association between the non-HDL-cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol (non-HDLc/HDLc) ratio and mortality in septic patients. This was a retrospective cohort study of patients with sepsis in the eICU Collaborative Research Database (eICU-CRD) from 208 distinct ICUs across the United States between 2014 and 2015 that explored. All-cause mortality within 28 days after ICU admission. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to estimate the risk of death. Of the 724 patients with a median age of 68 years, 43 (5.94%) died within 28 days after ICU admission. When the non-HDLc/HDLc ratio was < 3.3, the mortality rate decreased with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 0.60 (95% CI 0.37–0.99, P = 0.043) for every 1 increment in the non-HDLc/HDLc ratio. When the non-HDLc/HDLc ratio was ≥ 3.3, the mortality rate increased with an adjusted OR of 1.28 (95% CI 1.01–1.62, P = 0.039) for every one increment in the non-HDLc/HDLc ratio. For patients with sepsis, the association between the non-HDLc/HDLc ratio and the 28-day mortality risk was a U-shaped curve. A higher or lower non-HDLc/HDLc ratio was associated with an increased risk of 28-day mortality.
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Adkins EA, Yolton K, Strawn JR, Lippert F, Ryan PH, Brunst KJ. Fluoride exposure during early adolescence and its association with internalizing symptoms. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 204:112296. [PMID: 34755609 PMCID: PMC8725192 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early, chronic, low-level fluoride exposure has been linked to attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and learning deficits in children. Rodent studies suggest a link between fluoride exposure and internalizing behaviors. No human studies have examined the impact of fluoride on internalizing behaviors during adolescence. OBJECTIVE Evaluate the relationship between urinary fluoride and early adolescent internalizing symptoms in the Cincinnati Childhood Allergy and Air Pollution Study (CCAAPS). METHODS Participants in CCAAPS provided non-fasting spot urine samples at age 12 years (n = 286). Urine samples were analyzed using a microdiffusion method to determine childhood urinary fluoride (CUF) concentrations and were log-transformed for analyses. Caregivers of CCAAPS participants completed the Behavior Assessment System for Children-2 (BASC-2) at the age 12 study visit to assess internalizing symptoms (e.g., anxiety, depression, somatization), and a composite score of the three domains; T-scores ≥ 60 were used to identify adolescents in a clinically "at-risk" range. Race, age of the adolescent, household income, maternal age at birth, caregiver depression, caregiver-child relationships, and age 12-year serum cotinine concentrations were considered covariates in regression models. Sex-specific effects of fluoride exposures were investigated through the inclusion of interaction terms. RESULTS Higher CUF concentrations were significantly associated with increased somatization (β = 3.64, 95% CI 0.49, 6.81) and internalizing composite T-scores in a clinically "at-risk" range (OR = 2.9, 95% CI 1.24, 6.9). Compared to females, males with higher CUF concentrations had more internalizing (pinteraction = 0.04) and somatization symptoms (pinteraction = 0.02) and were nearly seven times more likely to exhibit "at-risk" internalizing symptomology. CUF concentrations were not significantly associated with depression or anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to link fluoride exposure and internalizing symptoms, specifically somatization. Somatization represents an interface of physical and psychological health. Continued follow-up will help shed light on the sex-specific relationship between fluoride and mental health and the role of somatization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Adkins
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, 160 Panzeca Way, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Kimberly Yolton
- Division of General and Community Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC, 5041, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Strawn
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, 260 Stetson Street, Cincinnati, OH, 45219, USA
| | - Frank Lippert
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry, and Dental Public Health, Oral Health Research Institute, Indiana University School of Dentistry, 415 Lansing Street, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Patrick H Ryan
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Kelly J Brunst
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, 160 Panzeca Way, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA.
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Grandjean P, Hu H, Till C, Green R, Bashash M, Flora D, Tellez-Rojo MM, Song PX, Lanphear B, Budtz-Jørgensen E. A Benchmark Dose Analysis for Maternal Pregnancy Urine-Fluoride and IQ in Children. RISK ANALYSIS : AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE SOCIETY FOR RISK ANALYSIS 2022; 42:439-449. [PMID: 34101876 PMCID: PMC9831700 DOI: 10.1111/risa.13767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
As a guide to establishing a safe exposure level for fluoride exposure in pregnancy, we applied benchmark dose modeling to data from two prospective birth cohort studies. We included mother-child pairs from the Early Life Exposures in Mexico to Environmental Toxicants (ELEMENT) cohort in Mexico and the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) cohort in Canada. Maternal urinary fluoride concentrations (U-F, in mg/L, creatinine-adjusted) were measured in urine samples obtained during pregnancy. Children were assessed for intelligence quotient (IQ) at age 4 (n = 211) and between six and 12 years (n = 287) in the ELEMENT cohort, and three to four years (n = 407) in the MIREC cohort. We calculated covariate-adjusted regression coefficients and their standard errors to assess the association of maternal U-F concentrations with children's IQ measures. Assuming a benchmark response of 1 IQ point, we derived benchmark concentrations (BMCs) and benchmark concentration levels (BMCLs). No deviation from linearity was detected in the dose-response relationships, but boys showed lower BMC values than girls. Using a linear slope for the joint cohort data, the BMC for maternal U-F associated with a 1-point decrease in IQ scores was 0.31 mg/L (BMCL, 0.19 mg/L) for the youngest boys and girls in the two cohorts, and 0.33 mg/L (BMCL, 0.20 mg/L) for the MIREC cohort and the older ELEMENT children. Thus, the joint data show a BMCL in terms of the adjusted U-F concentrations in the pregnant women of approximately 0.2 mg/L. These results can be used to guide decisions on preventing excess fluoride exposure in pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Grandjean
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Address correspondence to Philippe Grandjean, Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winslows vej 17A, 5000 Odense C, Denmark; tel: +45 6550 3769; fax: +45 6591 1458;
| | - Howard Hu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Rivka Green
- Faculty of Health, York University, Ontario, Canada
| | - Morteza Bashash
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - David Flora
- Faculty of Health, York University, Ontario, Canada
| | - Martha Maria Tellez-Rojo
- Centro de Investigacion en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Peter X.K. Song
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Bruce Lanphear
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, British Columbia, Canada
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Chen X, Shao H, Zhu T, Chen Z, Hu Y, Zhang H, Liu C. A New Fluoride Chemodosimeter Based on 3-Ether-Substituted 1, 8-Naphthalimide Derivatives. J Fluoresc 2022; 32:921-926. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-021-02871-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Dondossola ER, Pacheco SD, Visentin SC, Mendes NV, Baldin SL, Bernardo HT, Scussel R, Rico EP. Prolonged fluoride exposure alters neurotransmission and oxidative stress in the zebrafish brain. Neurotoxicology 2022; 89:92-98. [PMID: 35065950 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Fluoride is an essential chemical found in dental preparations, pesticides and drinking water. Excessive fluoride exposure is related to toxicological and neurological disruption. Zebrafish are used in translational approaches to understand neurotoxicity in both biomedical and environmental areas. However, there is no complete knowledge about the cumulative effects of fluoride on neurotransmission systems. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether prolonged exposure to sodium fluoride (NaF) alters cholinergic and glutamatergic systems and oxidative stress homeostasis in the zebrafish brain. Adult zebrafish were used, divided into four experimental groups, one control group and three groups exposed to NaF at 30, 50 and 100 mg.L-1 for a period of 30 days. After NaF at 30 mg.L-1 exposure, there were significant decreases in acetylcholinesterase (29.8%) and glutamate uptake (39.3%). Furthermore, thiobarbituric acid-reactive species were decreased at NaF 50 mg.L-1 (32.7%), while the group treated with NaF at 30 mg.L-1 showed an increase in dichlorodihydrofluorescein oxidation (41.4%). NaF at 30 mg.L-1 decreased both superoxide dismutase (55.3%) and catalase activities (26.1%). The inhibitory effect observed on cholinergic and glutamatergic signalling mechanisms could contribute to the neurodegenerative events promoted by NaF in the zebrafish brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Ronconi Dondossola
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Extreme Southern Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Suzielen Damin Pacheco
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Extreme Southern Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Sulingue Casagrande Visentin
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Extreme Southern Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Niuany Viel Mendes
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Extreme Southern Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Samira Leila Baldin
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Extreme Southern Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Henrique Teza Bernardo
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Extreme Southern Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Rahisa Scussel
- Experimental Physiology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Extreme Southern Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Pacheco Rico
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Extreme Southern Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
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Yuan T, He H, Liu Y, Wang J, Kang X, Fu G, Xie F, Li A, Chen J, Wang W. Association between blood glucose levels and Glasgow Outcome Score in patients with traumatic brain injury: secondary analysis of a randomized trial. Trials 2022; 23:38. [PMID: 35033158 PMCID: PMC8760745 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06005-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Blood glucose levels that are too high or too low after traumatic brain injury (TBI) negatively affect patient prognosis. This study aimed to demonstrate the relationship between blood glucose levels and the Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS) in TBI patients. Methods This study was based on a randomized, dual-center, open-label clinical trial. A total of 208 patients who participated in the randomized controlled trial were followed up for 5 years. Information on the disease, laboratory examination, insulin therapy, and surgery for patients with TBI was collected as candidate variables according to clinical importance. Additionally, data on 5-year and 6-month GOS were collected as primary and secondary outcomes, respectively. For multivariate analysis, a generalized additive model (GAM) was used to investigate relationships between blood glucose levels and GOS. The results are presented as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). We further applied a two- piecewise linear regression model to examine the threshold effect of blood glucose level and GOS. Results A total of 182 patients were included in the final analysis. Multivariate GAM analysis revealed that a bell-shaped relationship existed between average blood glucose level and 5-year GOS score or 6-month GOS score. The inflection points of the average blood glucose level were 8.81 (95% CI: 7.43–9.48) mmol/L considering 5-year GOS as the outcome and were 8.88 (95% CI 7.43−9.74) mmol/L considering 6-month GOS score as the outcome. The same analysis revealed that there was also a bell relationship between average blood glucose levels and the favorable outcome group (GOS score ≥ 4) at 5 years or 6 months. Conclusion In a population of patients with traumatic brain injury, blood glucose levels were associated with the GOS. There was also a threshold effect between blood glucose levels and the GOS. A blood glucose level that is either too high or too low conveys a poor prognosis. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02161055. Registered on 11 June 2014. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13063-022-06005-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Oriental Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222042, China
| | - Hongyu He
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Oriental Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222042, China
| | - Yuepeng Liu
- Centre for Clinical Research and Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Lianyungang Oriental Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu Province, 222042, China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Oriental Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222042, China
| | - Xin Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Oriental Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222042, China
| | - Guanghui Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Oriental Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222042, China
| | - Fangfang Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Oriental Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222042, China
| | - Aimin Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lianyungang No.1 People's Hospital, Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, 222042, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lianyungang No.1 People's Hospital, Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, 222042, China
| | - Wenxue Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Oriental Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222042, China.
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Wang A, Duan L, Huang H, Ma J, Zhang Y, Ma Q, Guo Y, Li Z, Cheng X, Zhu J, Zhou G, Ba Y. Association between fluoride exposure and behavioural outcomes of school-age children: a pilot study in China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2022; 32:232-241. [PMID: 32281876 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2020.1747601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To assess the association between fluoride exposure and children's behavioural outcomes, we recruited 325 resident school-age children (7-13 years old) lived in Tongxu County of Henan Province in China. We measured urinary fluoride (UF) concentrations using the ion-selective electrode method. Children's behavioural outcomes were assessed by Conners' Parent Rating Scale-Revised, including conduct problems, learning problems, psychosomatic problems, impulsive-hyperactive, anxiety, and ADHD index. It turned out that each 1.0 mg/L increment in UF concentration corresponded with an elevation in the psychosomatic problem score of 4.01 (95% CI: 2.74, 5.28) and a 97% (OR = 1.97, 95% CI: 1.19, 3.27) increase in the prevalence of psychosomatic problems after adjusting for potential influencing factors. The sensitivity analysis results were consistent with those observed in our preliminary analysis. Our study suggests that fluoride exposure is positively related to the behavioural problem in school-age children, psychosomatic problem in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Wang
- Department of Environment Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
- Environment and Health Innovation Team, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Leizhen Duan
- Department of Medical Services, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Environment Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
- Environment and Health Innovation Team, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Endemic Disease, Kaifeng Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kaifeng, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Yawei Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Qiang Ma
- Teaching and Research Office, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Yao Guo
- Nursing College of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- Department of Environment Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
- Environment and Health Innovation Team, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Xuemin Cheng
- Department of Environment Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
- Environment and Health Innovation Team, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Jingyuan Zhu
- Department of Environment Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Guoyu Zhou
- Department of Environment Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
- Environment and Health Innovation Team, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Yue Ba
- Department of Environment Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
- Environment and Health Innovation Team, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
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Relationship between Driving Pressure and Mortality in Ventilated Patients with Heart Failure: A Cohort Study. Can Respir J 2021; 2021:5574963. [PMID: 34880958 PMCID: PMC8648448 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5574963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, with an increasing incidence. Invasive ventilation is considered to be essential for patients with HF. Previous studies have shown that driving pressure is associated with mortality in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, the relationship between driving pressure and mortality has not yet been examined in ventilated patients with HF. We assessed the association of driving pressure and mortality in patients with HF. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of invasive ventilated adult patients with HF from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-III database. We used multivariable logistic regression models, a generalized additive model, and a two-piecewise linear regression model to show the effect of the average driving pressure within 24 h of intensive care unit admission on in-hospital mortality. Results Six hundred and thirty-two invasive ventilated patients with HF were enrolled. Driving pressure was independently associated with in-hospital mortality (odds ratio [OR], 1.12; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06–1.18; P < 0.001) after adjusted potential confounders. A nonlinear relationship was found between driving pressure and in-hospital mortality, which had a threshold around 14.27 cmH2O. The effect sizes and CIs below and above the threshold were 0.89 (0.75 to 1.05) and 1.17 (1.07 to 1.30), respectively. Conclusions There was a nonlinear relationship between driving pressure and mortality in patients with HF who were ventilated for more than 48 h, and this relationship was associated with increased in-hospital mortality when the driving pressure was more than 14.27 cmH2O.
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A systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between fluoride exposure and neurological disorders. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22659. [PMID: 34811523 PMCID: PMC8609002 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99688-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Different studies have suggested that fluoride is related to neurological disorders in children and adolescents, but clinical evidences of which neurological parameters associated to fluoride exposure are, in fact, still controversial. In this way, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to show if there is an association between fluoride exposure from different sources, doses and neurological disorders. Terms related to "Humans"; "Central nervous system"; "Fluorides"; and "Neurologic manifestations" were searched in a systematic way on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Lilacs, Cochrane and Google Scholar. All studies performed on humans exposed to fluoride were included on the final assessment. A meta-analysis was then performed and the quality level of evidence was performed using the GRADE approach. Our search retrieved 4,024 studies, among which 27 fulfilled the eligibility criteria. The main source of fluoride was naturally fluoridated water. Twenty-six studies showed alterations related to Intelligence Quotient (IQ) while only one has evaluated headache, insomnia, lethargy, polydipsia and polyuria. Ten studies were included on the meta-analysis, which showed IQ impairment only for individuals under high fluoride exposure considering the World Health Organization criteria, without evidences of association between low levels and any neurological disorder. However, the high heterogeneity observed compromise the final conclusions obtained by the quantitative analyses regarding such high levels. Furthermore, this association was classified as very low-level evidence. At this time, the current evidence does not allow us to state that fluoride is associated with neurological damage, indicating the need for new epidemiological studies that could provide further evidences regarding this possible association.
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Wang S, Zhao Q, Li G, Wang M, Liu H, Yu X, Chen J, Li P, Dong L, Zhou G, Cui Y, Wang M, Liu L, Wang A. The cholinergic system, intelligence, and dental fluorosis in school-aged children with low-to-moderate fluoride exposure. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 228:112959. [PMID: 34808511 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Disruption of cholinergic neurotransmission can affect cognition, but little is known about whether low-to-moderate fluoride exposure affects cholinergic system and its effect on the prevalence of dental fluorosis (DF) and intelligence quotient (IQ). A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the associations of moderate fluoride exposure and cholinergic system in relation to children's DF and IQ. We recruited 709 resident children in Tianjin, China. Ion selective electrode method was used to detect fluoride concentrations in water and urine. Cholinergic system was assessed by the detection of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and acetylcholine (ACh) levels in serum. Compared with children in the first quartile, those in fourth quartile the risk of either developing DF or IQ < 120 increased by 19% and 20% for water and urinary fluoride. The risk of having both increased by 58% and 62% in third and fourth quartile for water fluoride, 52% and 65% for urinary fluoride. Water fluoride concentrations were positively associated with AChE and negatively associated with ChAT and ACh, trends were same for urinary fluoride except for ACh. The risk of either developing DF or having non-high intelligence rose by 22% (95%CI: 1.07%, 1.38%) for the fourth quartile than those in the first quartile of AChE, for having the both, the risk was 1.27 (95%CI: 1.07, 1.50), 1.37 (95%CI: 1.17, 1.62) and 1.44 (95%CI: 1.23, 1.68) in second, third and fourth quartiles. The mediation proportion by AChE between water fluoride and either developing DF or IQ < 120 was 15.7%. For both to exist, the proportion was 6.7% and 7.2% for water and urinary fluoride. Our findings suggest low-to-moderate fluoride exposure was associated with dysfunction of cholinergic system for children. AChE may partly mediate the prevalence of DF and lower probability of having superior and above intelligence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumei Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Gaochun Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Mengwei Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Hongliang Liu
- Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Xingchen Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jingwen Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Pei Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Lixin Dong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Guoyu Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yushan Cui
- Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Mengru Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Aiguo Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
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