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Wang J, Hong T, Fang H, Luo C, He X, Xie S. Comparison of the measurement properties and consistency between the EQ-5D-3L and EQ-5D-Y-3L in adolescents aged 15-17 in China. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2024; 22:59. [PMID: 39075537 PMCID: PMC11287842 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-024-02275-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate and compare the measurement properties and consistency between the Chinese versions of EQ-5D-3L and EQ-5D-Y-3L among Chinese adolescent populations aged 15-17 years. METHODS Chinese adolescents aged 15-17 studying in high school were recruited through online survey. Social-demographic characteristics and self-reported EQ-5D-3L and EQ-5D-Y-3L responses were collected in the survey. The consistency of responses between the two measures was assessed using redistribution property, and the consistency of utility values was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Convergent validity and known-group validity were examined using Spearman's rank correlation, F-test and effect sizes, respectively. Sensitivity was compared using relative efficiency (RE). RESULTS 762 respondents (48.8% male; age 15-17 years;) were recruited. The EQ-5D-3L showed a more severe ceiling effect than EQ-5D-Y-3L (78.2% vs. 66.0%). Respondents reported higher proportions of having problems in four dimensions using the EQ-5D-Y-3L than using the EQ-5D-3L. The consistency of corresponding dimensions between the two measures was relatively good, while non-negligible proportions of inconsistency were observed in "pain/discomfort" (11.4%) and "anxiety/depression" (15.7%) dimensions. The ICC of the utility values between the EQ-5D-3L and EQ-5D-Y-3L was 0.852 (p < 0.001). The Spearman's rank correlation (range: 0.385-0.620) indicated an acceptable convergent validity between the correlative dimensions of the EQ-5D-3L and EQ-5D-Y-3L. The EQ-5D-Y-3L had a higher efficiency than the EQ-5D-3L at detecting differences across EQ VAS subgroups (ES = 1.793 for EQ-5D-3L, ES = 1.920 for EQ-5D-Y-3L). Mixed results were observed in sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS Both the EQ-5D-3L and EQ-5D-Y-3L are demonstrated to be valid and generally consistent for measuring HRQoL among adolescents aged 15-17 years in China. Respondents reported higher proportions of having problems using the EQ-5D-Y-3L than using the EQ-5D-3L. More research is warranted to compare the discriminant validity and test-retest reliability between the two measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiefu Wang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianqi Hong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Haoran Fang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chang Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Center for Social Science Survey and Data, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoning He
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Center for Social Science Survey and Data, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shitong Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
- Center for Social Science Survey and Data, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
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Nagata JM, Cheng CM, Shim J, Kiss O, Ganson KT, Testa A, He J, Baker FC. Bedtime Screen Use Behaviors and Sleep Outcomes in Early Adolescents: A Prospective Cohort Study. J Adolesc Health 2024:S1054-139X(24)00289-1. [PMID: 39046391 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2024.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine prospective associations between bedtime screen use behaviors and sleep outcomes one year later in a national study of early adolescents in the United States. METHODS We analyzed prospective cohort data from 9,398 early adolescents aged 11-12 years (48.4% female, 45% racial/ethnic minority) in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (Years 2-3, 2018-2021). Regression analyses examined the associations between self-reported bedtime screen use (Year 2) and sleep variables (Year 3; self-reported sleep duration; caregiver-reported sleep disturbance), adjusting for sociodemographic covariates and sleep variables (Year 2). RESULTS Having a television or Internet-connected electronic device in the bedroom was prospectively associated with shorter sleep duration one year later. Adolescents who left their phone ringer activated overnight had greater odds of experiencing sleep disturbance and experienced shorter sleep duration one year later, compared to those who turned off their phones at bedtime. Talking/texting on the phone, listening to music, and using social media were all prospectively associated with shorter sleep duration, greater overall sleep disturbance, and a higher factor score for disorders of initiating and maintaining sleep one year later. DISCUSSION In early adolescents, several bedtime screen use behaviors are associated with adverse sleep outcomes one year later, including sleep disturbance and shorter weekly sleep duration. Screening for and providing anticipatory guidance on specific bedtime screen behaviors in early adolescents may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason M Nagata
- Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California.
| | - Chloe M Cheng
- Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Joan Shim
- Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Orsolya Kiss
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, California
| | - Kyle T Ganson
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexander Testa
- Department of Management, Policy and Community Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Jinbo He
- Division of Applied Psychology, School of Humanities and Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Fiona C Baker
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, California; School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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3
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Sancho-Domingo C, Garmy P, Norell A. Nighttime Texting on Social Media, Sleep Parameters, and Adolescent Sadness: A Mediation Analysis. Behav Sleep Med 2024; 22:488-498. [PMID: 38781096 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2024.2314281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The use of social media during bedtime has increased in the past years among adolescents, contributing to disturbed sleep quality, which could potentially be related to emotional problems. This study aimed to analyze the mediation effects of sleep parameters on the relationship between NightTime Texting (NTT) on social media and adolescent sadness. METHODS We used a cross-sectional study and evaluated a total of 1464 Swedish students aged 15-17 (55.7% girls) to examine their frequency of NTT on social media, sleep parameters, and adolescent sadness. Bivariate and mediation analyses were performed. RESULTS Approximately 60% (n = 882) of adolescents engaged in nighttime instant messaging, with 37% (n = 330) reporting texting every night. Higher frequency of NTT was significantly associated with later bedtimes (η2 > 0.12), extended weekend wake-up times (η2 = 0.07), increased social jetlag (η2 = 0.07), and reduced sleep duration on schooldays (η2 = 0.10). Multicategorical parallel mediation analyses revealed that sleep duration on schooldays had an indirect effect on the relationship between both Occasional NTT (a11b1 = 0.05, p < .05) and Daily NTT (a21b1 = 0.12, p < .05) with sadness. Mediation effects were not moderated by gender (p > .05), however, the association between Occasional NTT and higher sadness was significantly linked to boys (t = 2.72; p = .007). CONCLUSIONS Findings showed a large percentage of adolescents engaging in nighttime social media use with worse quality of sleep, and underlined sleep duration on schooldays as a mediator associated with emotional problems in adolescents. These insights can aid in developing strategies for healthier habits to address the misuse of social media and prevent related health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Sancho-Domingo
- Center of Applied Psychology, Miguel Hernández University, Elche, Spain
- School of Behavioral, Social and Legal Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Garmy
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
- Clinical Health Promotion Centre, WHO-CC, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Annika Norell
- School of Behavioral, Social and Legal Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
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Bonilla P, Shanks A, Nerella Y, Porcu A. Effects of chronic light cycle disruption during adolescence on circadian clock, neuronal activity rhythms, and behavior in mice. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1418694. [PMID: 38952923 PMCID: PMC11215055 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1418694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The advent of artificial lighting, particularly during the evening and night, has significantly altered the predictable daily light and dark cycles in recent times. Altered light environments disrupt the biological clock and negatively impact mood and cognition. Although adolescents commonly experience chronic changes in light/dark cycles, our understanding of how the adolescents' brain adapts to altered light environments remains limited. Here, we investigated the impact of chronic light cycle disruption (LCD) during adolescence, exposing adolescent mice to 19 h of light and 5 h of darkness for 5 days and 12 L:12D for 2 days per week (LCD group) for 4 weeks. We showed that LCD exposure did not affect circadian locomotor activity but impaired memory and increased avoidance response in adolescent mice. Clock gene expression and neuronal activity rhythms analysis revealed that LCD disrupted local molecular clock and neuronal activity in the dentate gyrus (DG) and in the medial amygdala (MeA) but not in the circadian pacemaker (SCN). In addition, we characterized the photoresponsiveness of the MeA and showed that somatostatin neurons are affected by acute and chronic aberrant light exposure during adolescence. Our research provides new evidence highlighting the potential consequences of altered light environments during pubertal development on neuronal physiology and behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alessandra Porcu
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
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Drews HJ, Sejling C, Andersen TO, Varga TV, Jensen AK, Rod NH. Tracked and self-reported nighttime smartphone use, general health, and healthcare utilization: results from the SmartSleep Study. Sleep 2024; 47:zsae024. [PMID: 38349329 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsae024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Nighttime smartphone use is an increasing public health concern. We investigated whether nighttime smartphone use is associated with general health and primary healthcare utilization. METHODS Four thousand five hundred and twenty individuals (age 35.6 ± 9.7 years, 35% male) provided self-reported information on smartphone use frequency, symptoms of depression, and general health (one-item perceived health and cross-symptom composite score). A subset of the study sample (n = 3221) tracked their nighttime smartphone use. Primary healthcare utilization, i.e. the number of weeks in which at least one service from the patient's general practitioner (GP) was billed in 2020, was extracted from Danish population registries. Statistical analysis comprised logistic and multiple linear regression, controlling for sociodemographics. RESULTS Three hundred and nineteen individuals (7%) reported using their smartphone almost every night or more. More frequent self-reported nighttime smartphone use was associated with poor general health across all measures. Using the smartphone almost every night or more was associated with 2.8 [95% CI: 1.9, 4.1] fold higher odds of reporting poor health and with an average of 1.4 [95% CI: 0.7, 2.1] additional GP utilizations per year compared to no use. Associations were also found for the cross-symptom composite score across all symptoms. Further adjustment for symptoms of depression attenuated some associations. Smartphone use towards the end of the sleep period (sleep-offset use) was associated with poorer self-reported general health, but not with healthcare utilization. CONCLUSIONS Nighttime smartphone use frequency is associated with poor general health and healthcare utilization. Further studies should investigate the underlying causal structure and nighttime smartphone use as a transdiagnostic intervention target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christoffer Sejling
- Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thea Otte Andersen
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tibor V Varga
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Kryger Jensen
- Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Naja Hulvej Rod
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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Girela-Serrano BM, Spiers ADV, Ruotong L, Gangadia S, Toledano MB, Di Simplicio M. Impact of mobile phones and wireless devices use on children and adolescents' mental health: a systematic review. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:1621-1651. [PMID: 35705765 PMCID: PMC9200624 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-022-02012-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Growing use of mobiles phones (MP) and other wireless devices (WD) has raised concerns about their possible effects on children and adolescents' wellbeing. Understanding whether these technologies affect children and adolescents' mental health in positive or detrimental ways has become more urgent following further increase in use since the COVID-19 outbreak. To review the empirical evidence on associations between use of MP/WD and mental health in children and adolescents. A systematic review of literature was carried out on Medline, Embase and PsycINFO for studies published prior to July 15th 2019, PROSPERO ID: CRD42019146750. 25 observational studies published between January 1st 2011 and 2019 were reviewed (ten were cohort studies, 15 were cross-sectional). Overall estimated participant mean age and proportion female were 14.6 years and 47%, respectively. Substantial between-study heterogeneity in design and measurement of MP/WD usage and mental health outcomes limited our ability to infer general conclusions. Observed effects differed depending on time and type of MP/WD usage. We found suggestive but limited evidence that greater use of MP/WD may be associated with poorer mental health in children and adolescents. Risk of bias was rated as 'high' for 16 studies, 'moderate' for five studies and 'low' for four studies. More high-quality longitudinal studies and mechanistic research are needed to clarify the role of sleep and of type of MP/WD use (e.g. social media) on mental health trajectories in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Braulio M Girela-Serrano
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, 7th Floor, Commonwealth Building, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.
- Westminster Children and Adolescents Mental Health Services, Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust, London, W9 2NW, UK.
| | - Alexander D V Spiers
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit On Chemical Radiation Threats and Hazards, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Liu Ruotong
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, 7th Floor, Commonwealth Building, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Shivani Gangadia
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, 7th Floor, Commonwealth Building, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Mireille B Toledano
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit On Chemical Radiation Threats and Hazards, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Mohn Centre for Children's Health and Wellbeing, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Martina Di Simplicio
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, 7th Floor, Commonwealth Building, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
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Ashby C, Driller MW, Suppiah H, O'Donnell S. Sink or Swim? Sleep Patterns in Highly Trained Adolescent Swimmers during the In-Season Phase of Training. Sleep Sci 2024; 17:e176-e184. [PMID: 38846587 PMCID: PMC11152630 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1777778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the sleeping patterns of highly-trained adolescent swimmers. Further objectives were to compare subjective and objective measures of sleep and to evaluate the relationship between electronic device use and sleep in this cohort. Methods Fifteen national-level swimmers (age: 16.4 ± 1.0 years) wore wrist actigraphs while completing sleep diaries over a two-week training period. Types of nights were classified as early morning training (≤7am - EARLY), day training (>7am - DAY), and no training (REST). Information on electronic device use before bed and other sleep behaviors was collected via questionnaires. Results Total sleep time (TST) was significantly ( p < 0.05) shorter on nights preceding EARLY (5:53 ± 1:06 hour:min) compared with nights preceding DAY (7:40 ± 1:12 hour:min) and REST (7:59 ± 1:19 hour:min). Participants overestimated subjective TST by ∼54 minutes when compared with objectively measured TST ( p < 0.05). Discussion Adolescent athletes obtained a greater amount of sleep prior to later training the next day or before rest days, when compared with early morning swim training the next day. Adolescents also overestimated their sleep duration by ∼1 hour per night. There were no significant relationships between electronic device use at night and measured sleep indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Ashby
- School of Health, University of Waikato, Hamilton, Waikato, New Zealand
| | - Matthew W. Driller
- Sport, Performance, and Nutrition Research Group, School of Allied Health, Human Services, and Sport, Melbourne, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Haresh Suppiah
- Sport, Performance, and Nutrition Research Group, School of Allied Health, Human Services, and Sport, Melbourne, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shannon O'Donnell
- School of Health, University of Waikato, Hamilton, Waikato, New Zealand
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Kroshus-Havril E, Steiner MK, Christakis D. Family and developmental correlates of adolescent involvement in decision making about screen use. Prev Med Rep 2024; 41:102717. [PMID: 38623581 PMCID: PMC11016903 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Assess how child involvement in making rules about screen time relates to age, child prosocial functioning, and amount of screen use. Methods NORC's AmeriSpeak Panel was used to recruit a nationally representative sample of parents or guardians of school-aged children (age 5-17) in the United States (n = 2084). Parents completed survey that included measures of screen time, child involvement in rule making about screen use, family functioning, and dimensions of child psychosocial functioning. Results Across all age categories, most families had some form of rules about the allowable amount of screen-based digital media for uses other than schoolwork: 86% of elementary school-aged children (ages 5 to 10), 81% of middle school-aged children (ages 11-13), and 61% of high school aged children (ages 14-17). Across all age groups, having rules was associated with fewer hours of screen time (elementary school: B = -1.31, 95% CI = -1.80 to -0.81, p < 0.001; middle school: B = -1.40, 95% CI = -2.20 to -0.59, p < 0.001; high school: B = -0.97, 95% CI = -1.68 to -0.27, p = 0.007). Child involvement in making rules was significantly greater for high school students as compared to elementary school students (ß=0.12, p < 0.001), and not associated with high school- or middle-school aged child screen time. Across all age groups, child involvement in making rules was associated with higher levels of prosocial functioning (elementary school: ß=0.07, p < 0.001; middle school: ß=0.19, p = 0.001; high school: ß=0.21, p < 0.001). Conclusions Child involvement in making rules about screen use may be an opportunity to strengthen developmentally important competencies, as part of a broader autonomy-supportive approach to parenting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Kroshus-Havril
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, USA
- University of Washington, Department of Pediatrics, USA
| | - Mary Kathleen Steiner
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, USA
| | - Dimitri Christakis
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, USA
- University of Washington, Department of Pediatrics, USA
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Li L, Feng X, Luo S, Lin L, Xiang H, Chen D, Qin K, Guo X, Chen W, Guo VY. Internet addiction and health-related quality of life in adolescents: The mediating role of sleep disturbance. Sleep Med 2024; 117:53-59. [PMID: 38507977 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Internet addiction (IA) has emerged as a recognized risk factor associated with impaired health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in adolescents. However, the role of sleep disturbance in this association remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association of IA with HRQOL in Chinese adolescents and to evaluate the potential mediating role of sleep disturbance. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among adolescents attending six randomly selected middle schools in Guangzhou, China. Adolescents self-reported their internet use using the Young Diagnostic Questionnaire. HRQOL and sleep disturbance were assessed by the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory version 4.0 and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, respectively. Multivariate linear regression analysis was employed to assess the association between IA and HRQOL. Baron and Kenny's causal steps method was used to examine the possible mediating role of sleep disturbance. RESULTS Of the 6473 adolescents included, 23.5% had maladaptive internet use (MIU) and 16.6% had pathological internet use (PIU). Compared to adolescents with adaptive internet use (AIU), those with IA had significantly lower scores across all HRQOL dimensions and summary scales. Mediation analysis revealed that sleep disturbance was a significant mediator. Specifically, sleep disturbance mediated 34.55% of the effects of MIU and 34.06% of the effects of PIU on the HRQOL total scale score , respectively. CONCLUSIONS IA was associated with poorer HRQOL, indicating the needs of preventing IA in Chinese adolescents. Additionally, our findings underscored the importance of enhancing sleep quality to mitigate the adverse impact of IA on adolescents' well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiuqiong Feng
- Department of Public Health, Guangzhou Huangpu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510530, Guangdong, China
| | - Shengyu Luo
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongyu Xiang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Dezhong Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Kang Qin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Xun Guo
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Weiqing Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Vivian Yawei Guo
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
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10
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Rolling J, Ligier F, Rabot J, Bourgin P, Reynaud E, Schroder CM. Sleep and circadian rhythms in adolescents with attempted suicide. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8354. [PMID: 38594272 PMCID: PMC11004139 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57921-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Sleep and circadian rhythm disorders are very common in adolescents and have been linked to suicidal ideation. However, little is known about adolescent sleep before a suicide attempt (SA). The objectives of this study were to compare the sleep of adolescents aged 13 to 18 over a period of 4 weeks before a SA compared to a non-SA group, then to analyze the association between sleep, support social and well-being based on information from validated questionnaires. In 2015, 250 adolescents were included, 55 were recruited the day after a SA in French hospitals (before SA evaluations were retrospective). Logistic regression analyzes showed that during school days, bedtime was equivalent in both groups, but sleep onset latency was significantly longer in SA (86 min vs. 52 min, p = 0.016), and wake-up time was earlier (6 h 22 vs. 6 h 47, p = 0.002), resulting in a shorter total sleep time of 44 min (OR = 0.76, CI 95% [0.61-0.93]) the month preceding SA. Adolescents with longer sleep time performed better on perceived psychological well-being (p = 0.005), relationship with parents (p = 0.011) and school environment (p < 0.001). Results indicate a significant change in the quantity and quality of adolescents' subjective sleep in the 4 weeks preceding SA requiring objective measures to study the predictive properties of sleep in SA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Rolling
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Strasbourg University Hospitals, 1 Porte de l'Hôpital, BP 426, 67091, Strasbourg Cedex, Strasbourg, France.
- Regional Center for Psychotraumatism Great East, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France.
- CNRS UPR 3212, Institute for Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
- Sleep Disorders Center, International Research Center for ChronoSomnology, Strasbourg University Hospitals, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Fabienne Ligier
- University Center for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Nancy Psychotherapeutic Center, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
- EA4360 APEMAC, MICS, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Juliette Rabot
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Strasbourg University Hospitals, 1 Porte de l'Hôpital, BP 426, 67091, Strasbourg Cedex, Strasbourg, France
- CNRS UPR 3212, Institute for Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Patrice Bourgin
- CNRS UPR 3212, Institute for Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Sleep Disorders Center, International Research Center for ChronoSomnology, Strasbourg University Hospitals, Strasbourg, France
| | - Eve Reynaud
- CNRS UPR 3212, Institute for Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon CRNL U1028, UMR5292, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INSERM, Forgetting, Bron, France
| | - Carmen M Schroder
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Strasbourg University Hospitals, 1 Porte de l'Hôpital, BP 426, 67091, Strasbourg Cedex, Strasbourg, France
- CNRS UPR 3212, Institute for Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Sleep Disorders Center, International Research Center for ChronoSomnology, Strasbourg University Hospitals, Strasbourg, France
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Reichenberger DA, Master L, Mathew GM, Snyder CK, Buxton OM, Hale L, Chang AM. Interactive Screen-Based Activities Predict Worse Actigraphic Sleep Health That Night Among Adolescents. J Adolesc Health 2024; 74:774-781. [PMID: 38099901 PMCID: PMC10960697 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the micro-longitudinal effects of duration and timing of screen-based activities on sleep within and between adolescents. METHODS Daily survey and actigraphy data from the age 15 wave of the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study were analyzed using multilevel modeling. Four hundred seventy five adolescents provided three or more days of valid daily survey and nighttime sleep data. RESULTS Within-person results showed that on days when adolescents played video games more than their daytime average ± SE (1.3 ± 1.2 hours), sleep onset (6 ± 2 minutes, p < .01) and midpoint (4 ± 2 minutes, p < .02) were delayed for each additional hour of gaming. Between-person results showed that for each hour adolescents used screens to communicate with friends across the day, sleep onset was later (11 ± 3 minutes, p < .01), sleep midpoint was later (8 ± 3 minutes, p < .01), and sleep duration was shorter (-5 ± 2 minutes, p < .03). Adolescents who used screens to communicate with friends or play video games in the hour before bed had later sleep onset (30 ± 14 minutes, p < .03) and midpoint (25 ± 13 minutes, p < .05). DISCUSSION Among adolescents, passive screen usage such as browsing the Internet or watching videos may not affect sleep timing or duration, but limiting interactive screen-based activities could protect adolescent sleep health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Reichenberger
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania.
| | - Lindsay Master
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Gina Marie Mathew
- Program in Public Health, Department of Family, Population, and Preventive Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Cynthia K Snyder
- Department of Nursing, Pennsylvania College of Health Sciences, Lancaster, Pennsylvania
| | - Orfeu M Buxton
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Lauren Hale
- Program in Public Health, Department of Family, Population, and Preventive Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Anne-Marie Chang
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
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12
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Lemes VB, Sehn AP, Reuter CP, Burns RD, Gaya AR, Gaya ACA, Brand C. Associations of sleep time, quality of life, and obesity indicators on physical literacy components: a structural equation model. BMC Pediatr 2024; 24:159. [PMID: 38454408 PMCID: PMC10921767 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-024-04609-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM To verify the association between ideal sleep time and physical literacy components while also considering multiple mediators, such as quality of life and obesity, using a sample of adolescents. METHODS This cross-sectional study consisted of 470 adolescents aged 11-17 years from southern Brazil. Sleep time, health-related quality of life, and physical literacy components (i.e., physical education enjoyment, sports participation, sedentary behavior, moderate to vigorous physical activity, sex, and age) were evaluated through self-reported questionnaires. In addition, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference were determined. The theoretical/statistical support of the structural equation model was evaluated according to fit parameters and strength of association. RESULTS A direct association was observed between more sleep time and lower levels of obesity. The obesity indicators also had a negative association with HqOL, and HqOL had a positive association with physical literacy. The indirect associations indicated that the ideal sleep time was positively associated with HqOL and physical literacy components, considering the negative mediation effect of obesity. The model explains physical literacy in 31% of the variance (R = 0.31). CONCLUSION There was an indirect association between ideal sleep duration and quality of life and between both variables with physical literacy. These relationships occur even considering the negative influence of obesity. Therefore, a child who sleeps adequately has a higher likelihood of being physically active, regardless of obesity, potentially enhancing overall quality of life across various domains.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Paula Sehn
- University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Caroline Brand
- IRyS Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
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13
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Wang J, Shen Y, Zhao J, Wang X, Chen Z, Han T, Huang Y, Wang Y, Zhao W, Wen W, Zhou X, Xu Y. Algorithmic and sensor-based research on Chinese children's and adolescents' screen use behavior and light environment. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1352759. [PMID: 38454995 PMCID: PMC10917963 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1352759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Myopia poses a global health concern and is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. The incidence of myopia tends to increase during infectious outbreaks, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examined the screen-time behaviors among Chinese children and adolescents and investigated the efficacy of artificial intelligence (AI)-based alerts in modifying screen-time practices. Methods A cross-sectional analysis was performed using data from 6,716 children and adolescents with AI-enhanced tablets that monitored and recorded their behavior and environmental light during screen time. Results The median daily screen time of all participants was 58.82 min. Among all age groups, elementary-school students had the longest median daily screen time, which was 87.25 min and exceeded 4 h per week. Children younger than 2 years engaged with tablets for a median of 41.84 min per day. Learning accounted for 54.88% of participants' screen time, and 51.03% (3,390/6,643) of the participants used tablets for 1 h at an average distance <50 cm. The distance and posture alarms were triggered 807,355 and 509,199 times, respectively. In the study, 70.65% of the participants used the tablet under an illuminance of <300 lux during the day and 61.11% under an illuminance of <100 lux at night. The ambient light of 85.19% of the participants exceeded 4,000 K color temperature during night. Most incorrect viewing habits (65.49% in viewing distance; 86.48% in viewing posture) were rectified swiftly following AI notifications (all p < 0.05). Conclusion Young children are increasingly using digital screens, with school-age children and adolescents showing longer screen time than preschoolers. The study highlighted inadequate lighting conditions during screen use. AI alerts proved effective in prompting users to correct their screen-related behavior promptly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jifang Wang
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nursing, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Shen
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian Han
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care, Shanghai, China
| | - Yangyi Huang
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuliang Wang
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care, Shanghai, China
| | - Wuxiao Zhao
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care, Shanghai, China
- Center for Optometry and Visual Science, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Wen Wen
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingtao Zhou
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Xu
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care, Shanghai, China
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Delfmann LR, Verloigne M, Deforche B, Hunter SC, Cardon G, de Boer J, Vandendriessche A. Psychosocial Determinants of Sleep Behavior and Healthy Sleep Among Adolescents: A Two-Wave Panel Study. J Youth Adolesc 2024; 53:360-373. [PMID: 37747679 PMCID: PMC10764366 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01866-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
To date, it remains unknown which psychosocial determinants identified by several leading behavior change theories are associated with different sleep parameters among adolescents. Therefore, this study investigates whether changes in knowledge about healthy sleep, attitude toward healthy sleep and going to bed on time, self-efficacy to engage in healthy sleep behavior, perceived parental and peer norms, perceived barriers (e.g., worrying, fear of missing out), and perceived support (e.g., bedtime rules, encouragement) related to healthy sleep are associated with changes in adolescents' sleep duration on school days and free days and sleep quality over a period of 1 year. Two-wave data of 1648 Flemish adolescents (mean age = 15.01, SD = 0.65, 46.3% female) were analyzed using linear models. Increased levels of parental social support, positive attitude towards and perceived advantages of healthy sleep, norm-knowledge, and perceived peer behavior were associated with sleep duration, with parental social support having the strongest association. Increased levels of perceived barriers were associated with decreased levels of sleep quality parameters, and increased levels of self-efficacy, positive attitude, and parental modeling were associated with improved sleep quality parameters, with perceived barriers having the strongest association. The current results indicate that behavior change theories are useful in the context of adolescent sleep behavior and suggest that perceived parental support (i.e., bedtime rules) and perceived barriers are most strongly associated with adolescents' sleep duration and/or quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Rahel Delfmann
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Campus UZ-Ghent, Entrance 42, 6th Floor, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Maïté Verloigne
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Campus UZ-Ghent, Entrance 42, 6th Floor, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Benedicte Deforche
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Campus UZ-Ghent, Entrance 42, 6th Floor, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Movement and Nutrition for Health and Performance Research Group, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Simon C Hunter
- Department of Psychology, Glasgow Caledonian University, Cowcaddens Road, Glasgow, G4 0BA, Scotland, UK
- Graduate School of Education, University of Western Australia, M428, 35 Stirling Highway, Nedlands WA, 6009, Perth, Australia
| | - Greet Cardon
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Janneke de Boer
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Campus UZ-Ghent, Entrance 42, 6th Floor, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ann Vandendriessche
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Campus UZ-Ghent, Entrance 42, 6th Floor, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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15
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Monteiro F, Simões M, Relva IC. Internet Addiction, Sleep Habits and Family Communication: The Perspectives of a Sample of Adolescents. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:3194. [PMID: 38132084 PMCID: PMC10742625 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11243194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the increase in communication technologies, the internet has become an indispensable tool in the life of the individual. Several studies report on the advantages of this resource; however, there is still a group of individuals who use the internet excessively. The aim of this study was to explore the relationships between internet addiction, daytime sleepiness, and family communication in adolescents. METHODS A total of 340 adolescents aged between 12 and 17 years participated in this study. All completed the sociodemographic questionnaire, the internet addiction test, the pediatric daytime sleepiness scale, and the family communication scale. RESULTS The results indicate that 64.1% of the adolescents had mild to moderate addiction to the internet. The main results suggest that internet addiction in adolescents is negatively associated with family communication and positively associated with excessive daytime sleepiness. It was also observed that gender had a significant effect on daytime sleepiness, with female participants having more excessive daytime sleepiness. Regarding age, the results indicate higher values of internet addiction among younger adolescents. CONCLUSIONS In view of the above, it is considered important to develop preventive actions with a view to healthy family communication, with the adoption of sleep hygiene habits and the promotion of healthy use of the internet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Monteiro
- Department of Education and Psychology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (F.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Margarida Simões
- Department of Education and Psychology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (F.M.); (M.S.)
- Centre for Research and Intervention in Education (CIIE), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Carvalho Relva
- Department of Education and Psychology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (F.M.); (M.S.)
- Centre for Research and Intervention in Education (CIIE), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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Tan SYX, Padmapriya N, Bernard JY, Toh JY, Wee HL, Tan KH, Yap FKP, Lee YS, Chong YS, Godfrey K, Eriksson JG, Shek LPC, Tan CS, Chong MFF, Müller-Riemenschneider F. Cross-sectional and prospective associations between children's 24-h time use and their health-related quality of life: a compositional isotemporal substitution approach. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. WESTERN PACIFIC 2023; 41:100918. [PMID: 37842643 PMCID: PMC10570705 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Promoting active, balanced lifestyles among children may be an important approach to optimising their health-related quality of life (HRQoL). However, the relationships between children's movement behaviours and HRQoL remain unclear. Methods We examined the associations between movement behaviours (sleep, inactivity, light and moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity) assessed using accelerometers at ages 8 and 10 years and self-reported HRQoL scores (overall, and physical and emotional well-being, self-esteem, relationship with family and friends, and school functioning domains) at age 10 years among 370 children in a local birth cohort using compositional isotemporal substitution techniques. Findings Cross-sectionally, light and moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activities were associated with better self-esteem (β = 15.94 [2.71, 29.18]) and relationship with friends (β = 10.28 [3.81, 16.74]) scores respectively. Prospectively, inactivity was associated with lower overall HRQoL (β = -10.00 [-19.13, -0.87]), relationship with friends (β = -16.41 [-31.60, -1.23]) and school functioning (β = -15.30 [-29.16, -1.44]) scores, while sleep showed a positive trend with overall HRQoL (β = 10.76 [-1.09, 22.61]) and school functioning (β = 17.12 [-0.87, 35.10]) scores. Children's movement behaviours were not associated with their physical and emotional well-being, or relationship with family scores. The isotemporal substitution analyses suggest that increasing time spent in physical activity and/or sleep at the expense of inactivity may benefit children's HRQoL. Interpretation Our findings suggest that sleep and physical activity may be associated with better HRQoL, with the inverse for inactivity. However, the relationship between children's movement behaviours and HRQoL is complex and warrants further research. Funding Singapore National Research Foundation, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Yi Xuan Tan
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Natarajan Padmapriya
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jonathan Y. Bernard
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Inserm, Inrae, F-75004, Paris, France
| | - Jia Ying Toh
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hwee-Lin Wee
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kok Hian Tan
- Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fabian Kok Peng Yap
- Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yung Seng Lee
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yap-Seng Chong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Keith Godfrey
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Johan Gunnar Eriksson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lynette Pei-Chi Shek
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chuen Seng Tan
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mary Foong-Fong Chong
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Falk Müller-Riemenschneider
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Digital Health Centre, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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17
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Guedes DP, Yamaji BHS, Zuppa MA. Independent and combined effects of lifestyle behaviors on adolescent health-related quality of life. Rev Bras Enferm 2023; 76:e20220780. [PMID: 37820155 PMCID: PMC10561926 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2022-0780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the independent and combined effects of lifestyle behaviors, including physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep duration and food intake, in the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of Brazilian adolescents. METHODS Cross-sectional school-based study, with the participation of 306 adolescents aged 14 to 18 years. A questionnaire was applied with structured questions to collect lifestyle behaviors data. Perception of the HRQoL was identified using the Kidscreen-27. The study used covariance analysis and linear regression models for statistical analysis. RESULTS Adolescents who reported ≤ 2 hours/day of screen-based sedentary behavior and sleep duration equivalent to 8-10 hours/night presented significantly higher HRQoL. Adolescents who reported joint adherence ≥ 3 healthy lifestyle behaviors demonstrated approximately two [OR=2.12] to three times [OR=3.04] more chance of presenting higher perceptions of HRQoL. CONCLUSION Although healthy lifestyle behaviors had a positive independent effect on HRQoL, joint adherence to healthy behaviors enhances the cumulative effect.
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18
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Dibben GO, Martin A, Shore CB, Johnstone A, McMellon C, Palmer V, Pugmire J, Riddell J, Skivington K, Wells V, McDaid L, Simpson SA. Adolescents' interactive electronic device use, sleep and mental health: a systematic review of prospective studies. J Sleep Res 2023; 32:e13899. [PMID: 37029099 PMCID: PMC10909457 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Optimal sleep, both in terms of duration and quality, is important for adolescent health. However, young people's sleeping habits have worsened over recent years. Access to and use of interactive electronic devices (e.g., smartphones, tablets, portable gaming devices) and social media have become deep-rooted elements of adolescents' lives and are associated with poor sleep. Additionally, there is evidence of increases in poor mental health and well-being disorders in adolescents; further linked to poor sleep. This review aimed to summarise the longitudinal and experimental evidence of the impact of device use on adolescents' sleep and subsequent mental health. Nine electronic bibliographical databases were searched for this narrative systematic review in October 2022. Of 5779 identified unique records, 28 studies were selected for inclusion. A total of 26 studies examined the direct link between device use and sleep outcomes, and four reported the indirect link between device use and mental health, with sleep as a mediator. The methodological quality of the studies was generally poor. Results demonstrated that adverse implications of device use (i.e., overuse, problematic use, telepressure, and cyber-victimisation) impacted sleep quality and duration; however, relationships with other types of device use were unclear. A small but consistent body of evidence showed sleep mediates the relationship between device use and mental health and well-being in adolescents. Increasing our understanding of the complexities of device use, sleep, and mental health in adolescents are important contributions to the development of future interventions and guidelines to prevent or increase resilience to cyber-bullying and ensure adequate sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace O. Dibben
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences UnitUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Anne Martin
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences UnitUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Colin B. Shore
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences UnitUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Avril Johnstone
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences UnitUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Christina McMellon
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences UnitUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Victoria Palmer
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences UnitUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | | | - Julie Riddell
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences UnitUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Kathryn Skivington
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences UnitUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Valerie Wells
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences UnitUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Lisa McDaid
- Institute for Social Science ResearchThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Sharon A. Simpson
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences UnitUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
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Grasaas E, Rohde G, Haraldstad K, Helseth S, Småstuen MC, Skarstein S, Mikkelsen HT. Sleep duration in schooldays is associated with health-related quality of life in norwegian adolescents: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:473. [PMID: 37726691 PMCID: PMC10507926 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-04306-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insufficient sleep is commonly reported in adolescence and is negatively associated with a wide range of health outcomes. A way to grasp the complicated challenge of how sleep impact different aspects of the adolescents´ everyday life is by examining the relationship between sleep duration in schooldays and weekends on different health-related quality of life (HRQOL) subscales. Furthermore, to expand the understanding of possible underlying mechanisms between sleep and HRQOL, testing for self-efficacy as a possible mediator is of importance. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed among 696 adolescents aged 13-15 years from a school-based setting. All participants completed an electronic survey in their respective classrooms. The survey included demographic data, the School Sleep Habits Survey, the KIDSCREEN-27 questionnaire measuring HRQOL, and the General Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS Statistics software including PROCESS macro by Andrew Hayes. RESULTS Our findings revealed overall similar sleep patterns in boys and girls including longer sleep duration in the study sample during weekends (10:09 h) than in schooldays (08:36 h). Regression analyses revealed that sleep duration in schooldays was positively and statistically associated with HRQOL subscales psychological well-being (95% CI [0.44 to 1.33]), autonomy and parents (95% CI [0.12 to 1.06]), school environment (95% CI [0.47 to 1.40]), and self-efficacy (95% CI [0.01 to 0.47]). Sleep duration in weekends revealed no associations with the HRQOL subscales, except for the HRQOL subscale psychological well-being (95% CI [0.09 to 0.85]). Mediation analyses revealed that sleep duration in schooldays explained most of the associations (64 - 75%) in 4 out 5 HRQOL subscales, except in the association with the HRQOL subscale physical well-being revealing an indirect effect of 71.9%. CONCLUSIONS This cross-sectional study described sleep among Norwegian adolescents and demonstrated that sleep durations in weekends and schooldays impact HRQOL and self-efficacy, revealing overall better outcome in HRQOL and self-efficacy with sufficient sleep during schooldays. These findings support the regularity of sleep and highlight the importance of sufficient sleep during schooldays, especially in a school-based sample of adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Grasaas
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University in Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
| | - Gudrun Rohde
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University in Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
- Department of Clinical Research, Sorlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Kristin Haraldstad
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University in Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Sølvi Helseth
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University in Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Milada Cvancarova Småstuen
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Siv Skarstein
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hilde Timenes Mikkelsen
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University in Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
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Guo C, Piao S, Wang C, Yu L, Wang K, Qu Q, Zhang C, Yu X. The prevalence and associated factors of sleep deprivation among healthy college students in China: a cross-sectional survey. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16009. [PMID: 37744238 PMCID: PMC10512935 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of sleep deprivation among college students is increasing and has a few associated factors. Methods The present study analyzed 2,142 college students from 28 provinces in China. The Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess sleep duration. Binary logistic regression was conducted to explore the sleep deprivation related factors. Age and gender were controlled as covariates. Results Among the 2,142 college students (27.7% male, 72.3% female), 1,620 (75.6%) reported the average sleep duration was below 7 h per day for one month, 49.3% (1,055/2,142) slept 6∼7 h (contains 6 h), 21.0% (449/2,142) slept 5∼6 h (contains 5 h), and 5.4% (116/2,142) slept <5 h. Age increased the risk of sleep deprivation, the adjusted odds ratio = 1.05 (95% CI [1.01∼1.10]). The adjusted odds ratio (A-OR) for sleep deprivation was higher for students of more than 60 min nap duration per day (A-OR = 2.35, 95% CI [1.45∼3.80]), and age growth (A-OR = 1.05, 95% CI [1.01∼1.10]). In contrast, A-ORs were lower among sleeping inconsistency between work and rest days (A-OR = 0.61, 95% CI [0.49∼0.75]), accustomed to staying up late (A-OR = 0.45, 95% CI [0.36∼0.57]), staying up late to work or study (A-OR = 0.62, 95% CI [0.49∼0.78]), stress (A-OR = 0.75, 95% CI [0.58∼0.98]), and repeated thoughts in bed had (A-OR = 0.79, 95% CI [0.62∼0.99]). Conclusions Sleep deprivation is extremely common among healthy college students in China. It is necessary to perform methods maintaining enough sleep due to the current high incidence of sleep deprivation. Controlling the nap duration and getting enough sleep on rest days to replace missing hours of sleep on workdays might improve college students' sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Guo
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Songzhe Piao
- Department of Urology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated with Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chenyu Wang
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Lili Yu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, China
| | - Kejun Wang
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Qian Qu
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Cuiting Zhang
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaofei Yu
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
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21
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Wang Y, Dai X, Zhu J, Xu Z, Lou J, Chen K. What complex factors influence sleep quality in college students? PLS-SEM vs. fsQCA. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1185896. [PMID: 37691806 PMCID: PMC10485266 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1185896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sleep quality has a significant impact on the health-related quality of life, particularly among college students. This study proposes a framework for identifying factors that influence college students' sleep quality, including stress, self-control, bedtime habits, and neighborhood environment. Methods The study employed a cross-sectional analytical approach on a convenience sample of 255 medical students from a private university in China during the 2021/2022 academic year, of which 80.39% (205) were women. Two complementary methodologies, partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), and fuzzy sets qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), were utilized in the study. Results The results of the PLS-SEM analysis suggest that Stress and Self-control act as mediating variables in the model, with Bedtime habits and Neighborhood environment influencing sleep quality through these variables. Additionally, the fsQCA analysis reveals that Bedtime habits and Neighborhood environment can combine with Stress and Self-control, respectively, to influence sleep quality. Discussion These findings provide insight into how multiple factors, such as Stress, Self-control, Bedtime habits, and Neighborhood environment, can impact college students' sleep quality, and can be used to develop intervention programs aimed at improving it. Moreover, the use of both methodologies enables the expansion of new methodological approaches that can be applied to different contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Keda Chen
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
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22
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Lavados-Romo P, Andrade-Mayorga O, Morales G, Muñoz S, Balboa-Castillo T. Association of screen time and physical activity with health-related quality of life in college students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023; 71:1504-1509. [PMID: 34242535 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1942006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the association between screen time and physical activity with quality of life among Chilean university students. METHODS Cross-sectional and analytical study conducted on 726 first-year university students who replied three questionnaires: Youth Risk Behavior Survey, WHO Quality of Life-BREF scale, and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. RESULTS There were differences in overall quality of life (p < .001) and level of satisfaction in health (p < .01) according to screen exposure time. These results follow a linear trend for all the quality of life domains (p < .01), and they indicate that there is an inverse association between screen time and quality of life. CONCLUSION There is an inverse association between screen time and quality of life in university students. Students with a longer screen exposure time showed a lower quality of life, specifically in the domains of social relationships and psychological health, regardless of sex, physical activity, or socioeconomic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Lavados-Romo
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Research Center for Cardiometabolic and Nutritional Epidemiology(EPICYN), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Omar Andrade-Mayorga
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Research Center for Cardiometabolic and Nutritional Epidemiology(EPICYN), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Gladys Morales
- Research Center for Cardiometabolic and Nutritional Epidemiology(EPICYN), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Sergio Muñoz
- Research Center for Cardiometabolic and Nutritional Epidemiology(EPICYN), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Teresa Balboa-Castillo
- Research Center for Cardiometabolic and Nutritional Epidemiology(EPICYN), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
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Li H, H E M Browning M, Dzhambov AM, Mainuddin Patwary M, Zhang G. Potential pathways of association from green space to smartphone addiction. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 331:121852. [PMID: 37230169 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Green space is increasingly known to improve physical and mental health. Based on these benefits, green space might also be expected to help mitigate related harmful behavioral patterns, such as obsessive Internet use and relevant addictions. In response, we conducted a study on smartphone addiction, a new form of Internet addiction. We carried out a cross-sectional investigation in August 2022. We recruited 1011 smartphone users across China, measured the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in their residential neighborhoods (in 1, 2, and 3 km buffers), and captured data on smartphone addiction via the Smartphone Addiction Scale - Short version (SAS-SV). Potential mediators between green space and smartphone addiction, including physical activity, stress, and loneliness, were also reported by participants using the Physical Activity Rating Scale-3 (PRS-3), Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 Items (DASS-21), and 8-items UCLA Loneliness Scale scales (ULS-8). Multiple linear regression was employed to examine the relationships between green space and smartphone addiction. Structural equation modeling was performed to examine the potential pathways between these variables. Unexpectedly, NDVI in 1 km buffers was positively associated with smartphone addiction. By contrast, population density, an indicator of urbanization, was associated with lower levels of smartphone addiction levels in all NDVI buffer sizes. Meanwhile, we found NDVI was strongly associated with population density as well as other indicators of urbanization. Generally, our findings are unexpected and suggest that greenness may serve as an indicator of urbanization at national levels and that urbanization may buffer against smartphone addiction. During the hot summer, green space and indoor facilities may have competitive land uses, so future research should examine whether this association exists in other seasons and scenarios. We also recommend alternative models to systematically evaluate the effects of different components of residential environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hansen Li
- Institute of Sports Science, College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Matthew H E M Browning
- Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management (PRTM), Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - Angel M Dzhambov
- Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Research Group "Health and Quality of Life in a Green and Sustainable Environment", SRIPD, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Institute of Highway Engineering and Transport Planning, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Muhammad Mainuddin Patwary
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh; Environmental Science Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Guodong Zhang
- Institute of Sports Science, College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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24
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Gaya AR, Brum R, Brites K, Gaya A, de Borba Schneiders L, Duarte Junior MA, López-Gil JF. Electronic device and social network use and sleep outcomes among adolescents: the EHDLA study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:919. [PMID: 37208650 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15579-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considering the evident risk in the literature between the use of screen devices and sleep, there are still few studies on the relationship between each electronic screen device, media programs and sleep duration and sleep-related problems among adolescents and which variables interfere in these relationships. Therefore, this study has the following objectives: (1) to determine which are the most common electronic display devices related to sleep time and outcomes and (2) to determine which are the most common social network applications, such as Instagram and WhatsApp, associated with sleep outcomes. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study with 1101 Spanish adolescents between 12 and 17 years old. Age, sex, sleep, psychosocial health, adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD), sport practice, and time spent on screen devices were assessed by an ad hoc questionnaire. Linear regression analyses were applied, adjusting for several covariables. Poisson regression was applied between the sexes. A p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Cell phone use was more associated with sleep time (13%). In boys, time spent on cell phones (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.09; p < 0.001) and videogames (PR = 1.08; p = 0.005) had a higher prevalence ratio. When psychosocial health was included in the models, we found the greatest association (Model 2: PR = 1.15; p = 0.007). For girls, time spent on the cell phone was significantly associated with sleep-related problems (PR = 1.12; p < 0.001), and adherence to the MD became the second most important in the model (PR = 1.35; p < 0.001), followed by psychosocial health and cell phone use (PR = 1.24; p = 0.007). Time spent on WhatsApp was associated with sleep-related problems only among girls (PR = 1.31; p = 0.001) and was the most important variable in the model along with MD (PR = 1.26; p = 0.005) and psychosocial health (PR = 1.41; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest a relationship between cell phones, video games, and social networks with sleep-related problems and time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anelise Reis Gaya
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Felizardo, n° 750 - Jardim Botânico, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Rodolfo Brum
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Felizardo, n° 750 - Jardim Botânico, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Keith Brites
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Felizardo, n° 750 - Jardim Botânico, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Adroaldo Gaya
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Felizardo, n° 750 - Jardim Botânico, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Letícia de Borba Schneiders
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Felizardo, n° 750 - Jardim Botânico, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - José Francisco López-Gil
- Universidad Pública de Navarra, IdiSNA, Navarrabiomed, Hospital Público de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Environmental Health, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- One Health Research Group, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
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25
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Screen use before sleep and emotional problems among adolescents: Preliminary evidence of mediating effect of chronotype and social jetlag. J Affect Disord 2023; 328:175-182. [PMID: 36806592 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Screen use before sleep is shown to be positively related to emotional problems. However, whether this relationship was mediated by circadian phenotypes (i.e., chronotype and social jetlag) remains unclear. METHODS Data from two independent adolescent surveys among 2685 and 1368 adolescents, respectively, were used. Adolescents reported screen use before sleep (yes/no and screen time), chronotype, social jetlag, and emotional problems using questionnaires. Serial mediation analyses were performed. RESULTS Adolescents who reported screen use before sleep showed later chronotype and greater social jetlag, which was further associated with a higher level of emotional problems. Such relationships held for screen use as a yes/no variable and screen time. The serial indirect effect of chronotype and social jetlag accounted for 6.2%-16.7% of the total effect of screen use before sleep on emotional problems. LIMITATIONS The use of a cross-sectional design did not allow the establishment of causal links between the variables. All data were self-reported by adolescents, and might be subject to report bias and recall bias. CONCLUSIONS These findings contributed to the existing literature by examining the mediating effect of chronotype and social jetlag in the relationship between screen use before sleep and emotional problems from a circadian rhythm perspective. Healthy media use habits and interventions targeting circadian characteristics may work towards promoting emotional health in adolescents.
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26
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Albalawi ED, Alswayed SK, Aldharman SS, Alshangiti AY, Alhussein GA, Alamawi HO. The Association of Screen Time, Sleep Quality, and Dry Eye Among College Students in Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2023; 15:e37533. [PMID: 37193441 PMCID: PMC10182826 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.37533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dry eye is a serious public health issue that causes ocular discomfort, weariness, and visual disturbances that can disrupt everyday activities. Dry eye disease is one of the most common reasons people seek eye care. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the association between screen time, sleep quality, and dry eye among college students in Saudi Arabia. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among college students in Saudi Arabia. Data were collected through a validated questionnaire distributed via social media. Results A total of 1,593 participants were included. Many of them were aged between 18-25 years (80.7%) and females were (65.0%). Females and residents of the middle region had significantly more severe sleep-wake difficulties than other people (p<0.001). Participants with a master's degree had lower severe sleep-wake difficulties than other participants (p<0.001). Participants who spent between 4-6 hours on the screen showed high severe sleep-wake difficulties (p<0.001). Regarding eye dryness, females, participants with a bachelor's degree, and participants who spent more than six hours on screen had more severe symptoms of eye dryness. Nearly half of the participants with severe sleep-wake difficulties reported mild to moderate symptoms of dry eye (p<0.001). Conclusions Our study concluded that university students in Saudi Arabia had significant sleep-cycle difficulties and mild to moderate eye dryness symptoms. Age, female gender, sleep duration, educational level, monthly income, and excessive screen time were found to be associated with sleep-cycle problems and eye dryness symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman D Albalawi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Sarah K Alswayed
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Sarah S Aldharman
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Asmaa Y Alshangiti
- College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Ghadah A Alhussein
- College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Halah O Alamawi
- College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, SAU
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27
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Chu Y, Oh Y, Gwon M, Hwang S, Jeong H, Kim HW, Kim K, Kim YH. Dose-response analysis of smartphone usage and self-reported sleep quality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. J Clin Sleep Med 2023; 19:621-630. [PMID: 36546366 PMCID: PMC9978438 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.10392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Several studies have recently reported on the association between smartphone usage and self-reported sleep quality. However, no systematic review or meta-analysis has yet been performed. We aimed to analyze the association between smartphone usage time and self-reported sleep quality. METHODS We searched for articles published up to January 13, 2022, using the Embase and Medline databases. All observational studies were eligible for inclusion. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to evaluate the risk of bias within studies. We used restricted cubic spline analysis to perform a dose-response analysis. RESULTS Seventeen studies with a total of 36,485 participants were included. The pooled odds ratio was 2.28 (confidence interval [CI]: 1.81-2.89; P < .001) and heterogeneity was 80%. In the dose-response analysis conducted on 5 studies, the regression coefficient between daily smartphone usage time (hours/day) and poor sleep quality was 1.042 (1.027-1.058), which confirmed a significantly positive association. CONCLUSIONS Smartphone overuse was closely associated with poor self-reported sleep quality, sleep deprivation, and sleep latency prolongation. Further studies using a more structured method and high-quality evidence (cohort or case-control) should be conducted. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION CRD42022303371. CITATION Chu Y, Oh Y, Gwon M, et al. Dose-response analysis of smartphone usage and self-reported sleep quality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. J Clin Sleep Med. 2023;19(3):621-630.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoora Chu
- School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeongbiehn Oh
- School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Minseong Gwon
- School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokhyun Hwang
- School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeokjun Jeong
- School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kihun Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Hak Kim
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
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28
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Gauthier-Gagné G, Saha S, Jensen J, Sommerville G, Gruber R. Associations Between Multidimensional Sleep Health Parameters and Adolescents' Self-reported Light Exposure in the Free-living Environment. J Biol Rhythms 2023:7487304231152987. [PMID: 36843359 DOI: 10.1177/07487304231152987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to characterize the associations between light exposure in the free-living environment and multiple dimensions of sleep health of typically developing adolescents. Fifty-six (29 girls, 27 boys) typically developing adolescents (mean age = 13.59, SD = 0.89, range = 12-17 years) participated. For six consecutive nights, sleep was assessed in the home environment using actigraphy. During the same period, participants were asked to fill out a daily sleep log and a daily light exposure log, and to complete questionnaires regarding their alertness and subjective sleep satisfaction. Longer self-reported exposure to daylight in the morning was associated with longer objectively measured sleep duration. Longer self-reported exposures to electronic devices in the evening were associated with later objectively measured sleep onset and offset times, shorter sleep duration, and greater day-to-day sleep variability. Longer morning exposure to outdoor light was associated with a longer sleep duration. Self-reported light exposure was not associated with sleep satisfaction, alertness/sleepiness, or sleep efficiency. Among the covariates, circadian preference accounted for the highest percentage of variance. Adolescents' sleep health is associated with the self-reported duration of exposure to daylight in the morning and to electronic devices in the evening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Gauthier-Gagné
- Attention, Behaviour and Sleep Lab, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sujata Saha
- Riverside School Board, Saint-Hubert, QC, Canada
| | - Jana Jensen
- Riverside School Board, Saint-Hubert, QC, Canada
| | - Gail Sommerville
- Attention, Behaviour and Sleep Lab, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Riverside School Board, Saint-Hubert, QC, Canada
| | - Reut Gruber
- Attention, Behaviour and Sleep Lab, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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29
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Eeftens M, Shen C, Sönksen J, Schmutz C, van Wel L, Liorni I, Vermeulen R, Cardis E, Wiart J, Toledano M, Röösli M. Modelling of daily radiofrequency electromagnetic field dose for a prospective adolescent cohort. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 172:107737. [PMID: 36709672 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Radiofrequency electromagnetic fields originate from a variety of wireless communication sources operating near and far from the body, making it challenging to quantify daily absorbed dose. In the framework of the prospective cohort SCAMP (Study of Cognition, Adolescents and Mobile Phones), we aimed to characterize RF-EMF dose over a 2-year period. METHODS The SCAMP cohort included 6605 children from greater London, UK at baseline (age 12.1 years; 2014-2016) and 5194 at follow-up (age 14.2; 2016-2018). We estimated the daily dose of RF-EMF to eight tissues including the whole body and whole brain, using dosimetric algorithms for the specific absorption rate transfer into the body. We considered RF-EMF dose from 12 common usage scenarios such as mobile phone calls or data transmission. We evaluated the association between sociodemographic factors (gender, ethnicity, phone ownership and socio-economic status), and the dose change between baseline and follow-up. RESULTS Whole body dose was estimated at an average of 170 mJ/kg/day at baseline and 178 mJ/kg/day at follow-up. Among the eight tissues considered, the right temporal lobe received the highest daily dose (baseline 1150 mJ/kg/day, follow-up 1520 mJ/kg/day). Estimated daily dose [mJ/kg/day] increased between baseline and follow-up for head and brain related tissues, but remained stable for the whole body and heart. Doses estimated at baseline and follow-up showed low correlation among the 3384 children who completed both assessments. Asian ethnicity (compared to white) and owning a bar phone or no phone (as opposed to a smartphone) were associated with lower estimated whole-body and whole-brain RF-EMF dose, while black ethnicity, a moderate/low socio-economic status (compared to high), and increasing age (at baseline) were associated with higher estimated RF-EMF dose. CONCLUSION This study describes the first longitudinal exposure assessment for children in a critical period of development. Dose estimations will be used in further epidemiological analyses for the SCAMP study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marloes Eeftens
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Chen Shen
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, W2 1PG, United Kingdom; National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Units in Environmental Exposures and Health & Chemical and Radiation Threats and Hazards, in partnership with UK Health Security Agency, Imperial College London, W2 1PG, United Kingdom
| | - Jana Sönksen
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Schmutz
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Luuk van Wel
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ilaria Liorni
- Foundation for Research on Information Technologies in Society (IT'IS Foundation), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth Cardis
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Joe Wiart
- Chair C2M, LTCI Télecom ParisTech, Université Paris Saclay, 46 rue Barrault, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Mireille Toledano
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, W2 1PG, United Kingdom; National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Units in Environmental Exposures and Health & Chemical and Radiation Threats and Hazards, in partnership with UK Health Security Agency, Imperial College London, W2 1PG, United Kingdom; Mohn Centre for Children's Health and Wellbeing, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, W2 1PG, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Röösli
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Li R, Li T, Xie Y, Zhai S, Qu Y, Zhang D, Zou L, Yang Y, Wu X, Tao F, Tao S. Smartphone Use and Inflammation at 2-Year Follow-Up in College Students: The Mediating Role of Physical Activity. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:1509-1519. [PMID: 37138701 PMCID: PMC10150736 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s411043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Smartphone use could lead to being physically inactive and a greater risk for health problems, such as inflammation. However, the associations between smartphone use, physical activity (PA), and systemic low-grade inflammation remained unclear. This study aimed to examine the potential mediating effect of PA on the association between smartphone use and inflammation. Patients and Methods A two-year follow-up study was conducted between April 2019 and April 2021. Duration of smartphone use, smartphone dependence and PA were assessed by a self-administered questionnaire. Laboratory analysis of blood samples was performed to evaluate the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and CRP as biomarkers of systemic inflammation. The correlations between smartphone use, PA, and inflammation were analyzed using Pearson correlation. Structural equation modelling was used to analyze the potential mediating effect of PA on the associations between smartphone use and inflammation. Results A total of 210 participants were included with a mean (standard deviation) age of 18.7 (1.0) years, 82 (39%) of whom were males. Smartphone dependence was negatively associated with the total PA level (r=-0.18, P<0.01). PA mediated the associations between the duration of smartphone use and smartphone dependence with inflammatory markers. Specifically, as PA decreased, the duration of smartphone use was more negatively associated with TNF-α (ab=-0.027; 95% CI: -0.052, -0.007) and more positively correlated to IL-6 (ab=0.020; 95% CI: 0.001, 0.046) and CRP (ab=0.038; 95% CI: 0.004, 0.086); smartphone dependency was more negatively associated with TNF-α (ab=-0.139; 95% CI: -0.288, -0.017) and more positively related to CRP (ab=0.206; 95% CI: 0.020, 0.421). Conclusion Our study illustrates that there are no direct associations between smartphone use and systemic low-grade inflammation, however, PA level plays a weak but significant mediating effect on the associations between smartphone use and inflammation among college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjie Li
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Xie
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuang Zhai
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Qu
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liwei Zou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yajuan Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuman Tao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Shuman Tao, Email
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Ghemrawi R, Kerek R, Kayed K, Aldulaymi R, Ramadan A, Khair M. Association between visual impairment and sleep duration in college students: A study conducted in UAE and Lebanon. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023; 71:228-234. [PMID: 33759709 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1888738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To examine whether self-reported sleep duration and visual impairment were associated among College students. Participants: Students (n = 1002, age 17-35 years) from Lebanon and the United Arab Emirates. Methods: Students were asked to complete a validated questionnaire between October 2018 and May 2019. The questions were related to sociodemographics, lifestyle characteristics, visual impairment status, sleeping pattern, mobile-phone use and chronic conditions. Results: 18.3% of the respondents reported to suffer from visual impairment. Among them, 72.7% were females (p < .001), 65% admitted to frequently use mobile phones before sleeping (p < .001), 54.6% reported to sleep less than 7 h (p = .008) and 71.6% reported to suffer from sleep disturbances (p = .05). Visual impairment was associated with poor sleep quality (p < .001), mobile phone use before sleeping (p < .01) and daily stress (p < .05). Conclusion: Visual impairment in college students is associated with short sleep duration, mobile phone use before sleeping and stress level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Ghemrawi
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Racha Kerek
- Faculty of Sciences, Jinan University, Tripoli, Lebanon
- Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Kawthar Kayed
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | | | - Azza Ramadan
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Mostafa Khair
- Core Technology Platforms, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE
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Late-Night Digital Media Use in Relation to Chronotype, Sleep and Tiredness on School Days in Adolescence. J Youth Adolesc 2023; 52:419-433. [PMID: 36401709 PMCID: PMC9842555 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-022-01703-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies on late-night digital media use and adolescent sleep have not considered how chronotype, a natural tendency to be awake or asleep at certain time, is associated with this relationship. Therefore, the nature of the relationship between late-night digital media use and sleep in different chronotypes remains still unknown. The sample consisted of 15-20-year-old Finnish adolescents (n = 1084, mean age = 16.9 years, SD = 0.93, 45.7% female). This study examined whether chronotype, measured as diurnal type and midpoint of sleep, was associated with the time of evening/night when digital media was used. Associations between the use of different forms of digital media and sleep quality, sleep duration and tiredness on school days were also investigated. Finally, the mediation effect of late-night digital media use to the relationship between chronotype and sleep was examined. Generalized linear models showed that evening chronotype, weekend midpoint of sleep, and the time of evening or night at which digital media was used were associated with more insufficient sleep and tiredness, lower sleep quality and shorter sleep duration on school days. The total use of all media forms, i.e., late-night digital media for music, movies/series, social media, and studying, were associated with shorter sleep duration and more insufficient sleep and daytime tiredness. Late-night social media use also mediated the association between diurnal type and sleep quality. Watching movies or listening to music late at night was the strongest mediator of the association between diurnal type and sleep and tiredness. The most prominent finding shows that of the all different media forms, watching movies or listening to music late at night were associated with increased daytime tiredness, whereas late social media use was associated with poor sleep quality. These interactions were pronounced especially for evening-types. The findings of the current study suggest that the negative effects of late-night media use are reflected especially in sleep quality and daytime tiredness among evening-types during adolescence.
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Schmied EA, Full KM, Lin SF, Gregorio-Pascual P, Ayala GX. Sleep health among U.S. Hispanic/Latinx children: An examination of correlates of meeting sleep duration recommendations. Sleep Health 2022; 8:615-619. [PMID: 36055935 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to examine the association between sociodemographic, behavioral, and environmental factors and adherence to sleep duration recommendations among 1165 U.S. Hispanic/Latinx children. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, the following parent-reported variables were examined as correlates of whether children met age-appropriate nightly sleep duration recommendations: caretaker and child demographics (eg, gender, age, poverty level), presence of TV in child's bedroom, child's daily screen time and bedtime. RESULTS Most (61.4%) children (mean age: 6.39 years, SD = 2.66) met sleep duration guidelines. Multivariable regression results revealed the odds of meeting recommendations were significantly higher among children 6-12 years old living above the poverty threshold (odds ratio [OR] = 1.57; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 1.08, 2.31) and those with a regular bedtime ("Some of the time:" OR = 2.05; 95%CI: 1.07, 3.92; "Most of the time:" OR = 3.19; 95%CI: 1.77, 5.74; "Always:" OR = 4.46; 95%CI: 2.43, 8.13). CONCLUSIONS Sleep health disparities must be addressed through culturally and contextually appropriate interventions that combine individual-level strategies with those that address social and environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Schmied
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, and Institute for Behavioral and Community Health, San Diego State University Research Foundation, San Diego, California, USA.
| | - Kelsie M Full
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Shih-Fan Lin
- Institute for Behavioral and Community Health, San Diego State University Research Foundation, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Petrona Gregorio-Pascual
- San Diego State University & University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Public Health, and Institute for Behavioral and Community Health, San Diego State University Research Foundation, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Guadalupe X Ayala
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, and Institute for Behavioral and Community Health and SDSU HealthLINK Center, San Diego State University Research Foundation, San Diego, California, USA
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Barry CT, Moran-Miller K, Levy HF, Gray T. Social media engagement, perceptions of social media costs and benefits, and well-being in college student-athletes. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2022:1-10. [PMID: 36395063 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2142797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The present study investigated the association between social media engagement and factors related to well-being (e.g., depression, anxiety, sleep, loneliness, self-esteem). Participants: A sample of 1120 college student-athletes (338 males, 777 females, 5 identified as non-binary) from nine universities participated in this study. Method: Data were collected through self-report measures and screen shots of participants' screen time in the previous week. Results: Overall screen time taken from devices was not associated with self-reported well-being, whereas use of social media during daily activities was related to worse well-being across domains (e.g., lower self-esteem, higher fear of missing out, stress, anxiety, depression). In addition, student-athlete perceptions that social media interfere with their lives were related to worse well-being. Conclusions: The implications of these findings, including the possibility of using protective behavioral strategies (PBS) to reduce negative impacts of social media in college students, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher T Barry
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Kelli Moran-Miller
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Hannah F Levy
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Tiffany Gray
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
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Sánchez‐Miguel PA, Sevil‐Serrano J, Sánchez‐Oliva D, Tapia‐Serrano MA. School and non-school day screen time profiles and their differences in health and educational indicators in adolescents. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2022; 32:1668-1681. [PMID: 35856173 PMCID: PMC9796428 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Sedentary behavior and screen-based devices in particular have been negatively associated with a wide range of health and educational indicators. However, few have examined these relationships separately for school days and non-school days, and none have used a person-centered approach. This study aimed to identify school and non-school day screen time profiles, as well as examine possible differences in health indicators (physical fitness, fatness, physical activity, sleep duration, and Mediterranean diet) and academic performance. This study involved the participation of 1573 Spanish adolescents aged 12-16 years (54.73% girls). Academic performance was measured through grades in Mathematics, Language, English, and Physical Education. Physical fitness was measured through a battery of tests (cardiorespiratory fitness was measured using the 20 m shuttle run test, and muscular strength with both handgrip and standing long jump tests), while fatness (skinfold thicknesses) was assessed with calipers. Finally, physical activity, screen time, sleep duration, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet were measured using self-reported questionnaires. Hierarchical cluster analyses based on square Euclidian distances and Ward's method were performed based on daily minutes of screen time recorded on school and non-school days. We identified four clusters labeled and described as: (1) "High-high": highest screen time on school and non-school days; (2) "High-low": high screen time on school days and low screen time on non-school days; (3) "Low-high": low screen time on school days and high screen time on non-school days; (4) "Low-low": lowest screen time on school and non-school days. Adolescents who belonged to the "High-high" profile had worse health-related behaviors (i.e., physical activity, sleep duration, and adherence to Mediterranean diet) and academic performance than most other profiles, while adolescents who belonged to "Low-low" profile showed the opposite pattern. Adolescents in the "Low-high" profile had a higher sleep duration on school days and better academic performance than those in the "High-low" profile. No differences in body fat, cardiorespiratory fitness, and muscular strength were found between the four different profiles. The results suggest that adolescents who accumulated a large amount of screen time on school and non-school days reported worse health-related behaviors and academic performance. Moreover, adolescents who had high screen time on school days reported only a short sleep duration on school days and worse academic performance than on non-school days. Conducting interventions to reduce screen time in these four profiles, particularly in the groups of students with more screen time on school days, becomes essential to improving adolescents' healthy lifestyles and academic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Antonio Sánchez‐Miguel
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Teaching TrainingUniversity of ExtremaduraCáceresSpain
| | - Javier Sevil‐Serrano
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Teaching TrainingUniversity of ExtremaduraCáceresSpain
| | - David Sánchez‐Oliva
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Sports SciencesUniversity of ExtremaduraCáceresSpain
| | - Miguel Angel Tapia‐Serrano
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Teaching TrainingUniversity of ExtremaduraCáceresSpain
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Chen H, Zhang G, Wang Z, Feng S, Li H. The Associations between Daytime Physical Activity, While-in-Bed Smartphone Use, Sleep Delay, and Sleep Quality: A 24-h Investigation among Chinese College Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:9693. [PMID: 35955049 PMCID: PMC9368626 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bedtime smartphone use is an emerging issue that threatens the sleep health of children and young adults. Physical activity can have numerous health benefits, including reducing problematic or addictive behavior. However, the role of daily physical activity in reducing bedtime smartphone use is understudied. Hence, we conducted a one-day cross-sectional on the weekend (21-22 May 2021) to investigate the associations between daytime physical activity, bedtime smartphone use, and sleep quality. A total of 828 college students were recruited in two colleges. Their daytime physical activity indices were captured, including self-reported physical activity duration, intensity, volume, and smartphone-monitored walking steps. The participants reported whether they used smartphone while lying in bed (before sleep) and whether they delayed sleep due to smartphone use. Their while-in-bed screen time (duration) and subsequent sleep quality were also measured with self-report and a numeric rating scale, respectively. The results suggested that daytime physical activity duration was associated with lower chances of while-in-bed smartphone use (OR = 0.907, p = 0.019) and smartphone-related sleep delay (OR = 0.932, p = 0.014). However, no significant association was found between physical activity indices and while-in-bed screen time or sleep quality. These findings may contribute to understanding the reciprocal relationship between physical activity and smartphone use and highlighting the potential of controlling problematic bedtime smartphone use through daily physical activity. Future research is warranted to examine the associations with extra objective measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxing Chen
- Department of Physical Education, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211167, China
| | - Guodong Zhang
- Institute of Sports Science, College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhenhuan Wang
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne 3011, Australia
| | - Siyuan Feng
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Hansen Li
- Institute of Sports Science, College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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Ye W, Brown T, Yu ML. The impact of different types of screen time on school-aged children’s quality of life and participation. Br J Occup Ther 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/03080226221110395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction This study investigated the impact of different types of screen time on quality of life and participation in school-aged children. Method Twenty-nine typically developing children (mean age: 9.34 [Formula: see text] 1.37, range: 8–14 years) and 20 of their parents completed the Children Screen Time Use Report, the KIDSCREEN-52 and the Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth. Spearman rho correlations and linear regressions with bootstrapping were used to assess associations between screen time, health-related quality of life and activity participation. Results Regression analysis identified that passive screen time was a significant predictor of various KIDSCREEN-52 domains: physical wellbeing ( b = −0.445, SE B = 0.008, p = .016), autonomy ( b = −0.445, SE B = 0.011, p = .016) and social acceptance ( b = 0.447, SE B = 0.007, p = .048). Educational, social and passive screen time were positively correlated with increased participation in home, community and school activities, respectively. Conclusion Findings suggest that passive screen time was mostly predictive of lower quality of life levels. However, passive, educational and social screen time positively correlate with participation in typically developing school-aged children. These findings assist occupational therapists to understand the impact of screen time on health and participation in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winnie Ye
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University - Peninsula Campus, Frankston, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ted Brown
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University - Peninsula Campus, Frankston, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mong-Lin Yu
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University - Peninsula Campus, Frankston, Victoria, Australia
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Masaeli N, Billieux J. Is Problematic Internet and Smartphone Use Related to Poorer Quality of Life? A Systematic Review of Available Evidence and Assessment Strategies. CURRENT ADDICTION REPORTS 2022; 9:235-250. [PMID: 35729927 PMCID: PMC9187501 DOI: 10.1007/s40429-022-00415-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Previous studies have explored the links between problematic Internet use (PIU) or problematic smartphone use (PSU) and quality of life (QOL). In this systematic review, we (i) describe the instruments used to assess QOL or health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in these studies, (ii) critically examine the content validity of the instruments used, and (iii) examine the relationships between PIU, PSU, QOL, and HRQOL. Recent Findings We identified 17 PIU and 11 PSU studies in a systematic search. Evidence suggests that PIU and PSU negatively correlate with either QOL or HQOL and most of their domains (especially mental and physical health). Multiple instruments were used to assess QOL or HRQOL in these studies. Our analysis showed an important heterogeneity in the domains covered by these instruments. Summary Because of the widespread prevalence of PIU and PSU, which tend to be linked with lower QOL or HRQOL, in particular poor mental and physical health, a more systematic public health campaign is required to target the healthy use of these communication devices. Prevention programs should also target vulnerable individuals, focusing on the most affected domains of QOL and HRQOL (i.e., physical and psychological health). Among the existing instruments, the World Health Organization Quality of Life for adults and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory for adolescents (aged 13-18 years) proved to be the most relevant, although new measurement instruments are needed to target domains that are specifically relevant in the context of PIU and PSU (e.g., physical and psychological health domains such as sleep, loneliness, and quality of familial relations).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nassim Masaeli
- South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Joël Billieux
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Centre for Excessive Gambling, Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospitals (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Kontostoli E, Jones AP, Atkin AJ. The diurnal pattern and social context of screen behaviours in adolescents: a cross-sectional analysis of the Millennium Cohort Study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1143. [PMID: 35672753 PMCID: PMC9175381 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13552-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Screen behaviours are highly prevalent in young people and excessive screen use may pose a risk to physical and mental health. Understanding the timing and social settings in which young people accumulate screen time may help to inform the design of interventions to limit screen use. This study aimed to describe diurnal patterns in adolescents’ screen-based behaviours and examine the association of social context with these behaviours on weekdays and weekend days. Methods Time use diary data are from the sixth wave (2015/2016) of the Millennium Cohort Study, conducted when participants were aged 14 years. Outcome variables were electronic games/Apps, TV-viewing, phone calls and emails/texts, visiting social networking sites and internet browsing. Social context was categorised as alone only, parents only, friends only, siblings only, parents and siblings only. Multilevel multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association between social contexts and screen activities. Results Time spent in TV-viewing was greatest in the evening with a peak of 20 min in every hour between 20:00 and 22:00 in both sexes on weekdays/weekend days. Time spent using electronic games/Apps for boys and social network sites for girls was greatest in the afternoon/evening on weekdays and early afternoon/late evening on weekend days. Screen activities were mainly undertaken alone, except for TV-viewing. Compared to being alone, being with family members was associated with (Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval)) more time in TV-viewing in both boys and girls throughout the week (Weekdays: Boys, 2.84 (2.59, 3.11); Girls, 2.25 (2.09, 2.43); Weekend days: Boys, 4.40 (4.16, 4.67); Girls, 5.02 (4.77, 5.27)). Being with friends was associated with more time using electronic games on weekend days in both sexes (Boys, 3.31 (3.12, 3.51); Girls, 3.13 (2.67, 3.67)). Conclusions Reductions in screen behaviours may be targeted throughout the day but should be sensitive to differing context. Family members, friends, and adolescent themselves may be important target groups in behaviour change interventions. Future research to address the complex interplay between social context, content and quality of screen behaviours will aid the design of behaviour change interventions. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-13552-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elli Kontostoli
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
| | - Andy P Jones
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Andrew J Atkin
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.,Norwich Epidemiology Centre, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
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Stone JE, Wiley J, Chachos E, Hand AJ, Lu S, Raniti M, Klerman E, Lockley SW, Carskadon MA, Phillips AJK, Bei B, Rajaratnam SMW. The CLASS Study (Circadian Light in Adolescence, Sleep and School): protocol for a prospective, longitudinal cohort to assess sleep, light, circadian timing and academic performance in adolescence. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e055716. [PMID: 35537785 PMCID: PMC9092183 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During adolescence, sleep and circadian timing shift later, contributing to restricted sleep duration and irregular sleep-wake patterns. The association of these developmental changes in sleep and circadian timing with cognitive functioning, and consequently academic outcomes, has not been examined prospectively. The role of ambient light exposure in these developmental changes is also not well understood. Here, we describe the protocol for the Circadian Light in Adolescence, Sleep and School (CLASS) Study that will use a longitudinal design to examine the associations of sleep-wake timing, circadian timing and light exposure with academic performance and sleepiness during a critical stage of development. We also describe protocol adaptations to enable remote data collection when required during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Approximately 220 healthy adolescents aged 12-13 years (school Year 7) will be recruited from the general community in Melbourne, Australia. Participants will be monitored at five 6 monthly time points over 2 years. Sleep and light exposure will be assessed for 2 weeks during the school term, every 6 months, along with self-report questionnaires of daytime sleepiness. Circadian phase will be measured via dim light melatonin onset once each year. Academic performance will be measured via national standardised testing (National Assessment Program-Literacy and Numeracy) and the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test-Australian and New Zealand Standardised Third Edition in school Years 7 and 9. Secondary outcomes, including symptoms of depression, anxiety and sleep disorders, will be measured via questionnaires. DISCUSSION The CLASS Study will enable a comprehensive longitudinal assessment of changes in sleep-wake timing, circadian phase, light exposure and academic performance across a key developmental stage in adolescence. Findings may inform policies and intervention strategies for secondary school-aged adolescents. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval was obtained by the Monash University Human Research Ethics Committee and the Victorian Department of Education. Dissemination plans include scientific publications, scientific conferences, via stakeholders including schools and media. STUDY DATES Recruitment occurred between October 2019 and September 2021, data collection from 2019 to 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia E Stone
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joshua Wiley
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Evangelos Chachos
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anthony J Hand
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sinh Lu
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Monika Raniti
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Klerman
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Steven W Lockley
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mary A Carskadon
- Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Chronobiology & Sleep Research Laboratory, EP Bradley Hospital, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Andrew J K Phillips
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bei Bei
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shantha M W Rajaratnam
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Effect of screen time intervention on obesity among children and adolescent: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies. Prev Med 2022; 157:107014. [PMID: 35248682 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have investigated the effect of screen time interventions on obesity in children and adolescents, but the existing results were controversial. This study aimed to analyze the effect of screen time intervention on obesity in children and adolescents. PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, Embase databases were searched through December 2020 to identify publications meeting a priori inclusion criteria and references in the published articles were also reviewed. Finally, 14 randomized controlled trials and 1894 subjects were included in this meta-analysis. The results showed that interventions targeting screen time are effective in reducing total screen time (MD: -6.90 h/week, 95% CI: [-9.19 to -4.60], p < 0.001) and television time (MD: -6.17 h/week, 95% CI: [-10.70 to -1.65], p < 0.001) in children and adolescents. However, there was no significant difference between the intervention and control groups in body mass index and body mass index-z score. In conclusion, there is no evidence that screen time interventions alone can decrease obesity risk in children and adolescents, though they can effectively reduce screen time.
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Burnell K, George MJ, Jensen M, Hoyle RH, Odgers CL. Associations Between Adolescents' Daily Digital Technology Use and Sleep. J Adolesc Health 2022; 70:450-456. [PMID: 34756778 PMCID: PMC8860860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2021.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although studies have found associations between greater digital technology use and poorer sleep health among adolescents, these studies typically rely on self-reported sleep and cross-sectional designs. This study applied an ecological momentary assessment design to examine how adolescents' daily digital technology use relates to self-reported sleep and wearable-recorded sleep duration. METHODS A socioeconomically and ethnically diverse sample of 388 adolescents completed daily surveys of their digital technology use (i.e., messages sent, time for academics, time for leisure) and sleep for 2 weeks. Sleep duration was recorded through wearable devices among a subsample of 254 adolescents for an average of 3.4 days. RESULTS Adolescents who reported spending more time using digital technology for nonacademic purposes than their peers reported both shorter self-reported sleep duration and later bedtime (between-person associations). Adolescents who sent more messages than their peers also had shorter sleep duration as recorded by wearable devices. In contrast, few associations were observed when comparisons were made within-individuals with adolescents used as their own controls. CONCLUSIONS Consistent with prior research, adolescents who reported greater nonacademic daily digital technology use relative to their peers exhibited worse sleep outcomes as measured via self-reports and wearable devices. However, associations with sleep outcomes were weak and inconsistent when adolescents were used as their own controls. Future research should continue to explore between- and within-person associations between digital technology use and sleep to understand potential key differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn Burnell
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.
| | | | - Michaeline Jensen
- The Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 296 Eberhart Bldg, PO Box 26170, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Rick H. Hoyle
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, 417 Chapel Drive, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Candice L. Odgers
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, 4326 Social and Behavioral Sciences Gateway, Irvine, CA, USA
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Brushe ME, Islam T, Monroy NS, Sincovich A, Gregory T, Finlay-Jones A, Brinkman SA. Prevalence of electronic device use before bed among Australian children and adolescents: a cross-sectional population level study. Aust N Z J Public Health 2022; 46:286-291. [PMID: 35174930 DOI: 10.1111/1753-6405.13214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the prevalence of children and adolescents' electronic device use (EDU) in the hour before bed and identify sociodemographic groups that are at increased risk of problematic use. METHOD A contemporary population wide sample of South Australian school students aged 8-18 years (n = 70,936) was utilised to present descriptive statistics of EDU before bed across sociodemographic groups. Data was collected from the 2019 Wellbeing and Engagement Collection, an annual self-report census of students' health, wellbeing and school engagement. RESULTS 90% of children used an electronic device in the hour before bed at least one night a week, with 51% using a device every night. Older adolescent females in grades 10-12 were most frequent users and children from the most socioeconomically disadvantaged communities were also more likely to use electronic devices in the hour before bed. CONCLUSION EDU before bed is highly prevalent among Australian children and adolescents and given the negative health and educational impacts, it requires immediate and widespread action from policy makers to ensure the health of Australia's next generation. Implications for public health: The scale of the problem has now been identified; next steps rely on a public health approach to address this issue. This might include awareness raising campaigns and targeted interventions towards at-risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Brushe
- Telethon Kids Institute, the University of Western Australia, Level 7, 31 Flinders St., Adelaide, South Australia.,School of Public Health, the University of Adelaide, Level 9, Adelaide Health and Medical Science Building, Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Tamina Islam
- Telethon Kids Institute, the University of Western Australia, Level 7, 31 Flinders St., Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Neida Sechague Monroy
- Telethon Kids Institute, the University of Western Australia, Level 7, 31 Flinders St., Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Alanna Sincovich
- Telethon Kids Institute, the University of Western Australia, Level 7, 31 Flinders St., Adelaide, South Australia.,School of Public Health, the University of Adelaide, Level 9, Adelaide Health and Medical Science Building, Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Tess Gregory
- Telethon Kids Institute, the University of Western Australia, Level 7, 31 Flinders St., Adelaide, South Australia.,School of Public Health, the University of Adelaide, Level 9, Adelaide Health and Medical Science Building, Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Amy Finlay-Jones
- Telethon Kids Institute, the University of Western Australia, Level 7, 31 Flinders St., Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Sally A Brinkman
- Telethon Kids Institute, the University of Western Australia, Level 7, 31 Flinders St., Adelaide, South Australia.,School of Public Health, the University of Adelaide, Level 9, Adelaide Health and Medical Science Building, Adelaide, South Australia
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Rudolf K, Soffner M, Bickmann P, Froböse I, Tholl C, Wechsler K, Grieben C. Media Consumption, Stress and Wellbeing of Video Game and eSports Players in Germany: The eSports Study 2020. Front Sports Act Living 2022; 4:665604. [PMID: 35237752 PMCID: PMC8882764 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2022.665604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The popularity of video gaming and eSports is increasing rapidly. However, most research focuses on the economical features and psychological consequences of gaming and only little is known about the health behavior of the players. Therefore, this study is a follow-up of the eSports Study 2019 and further investigates the health and health behavior of video game and eSports players in Germany. This cross-sectional study, conducted between April and September 2019, includes 1038 players (91.2% male; 23.0 ± 5.4 years; body mass index: 24.8 ± 5.0 kg/m2) who provided data regarding their health status, physical activity, sleep, media consumption, stress and wellbeing via a web-based survey. Descriptive statistics were performed on all questions. Linear regressions were used to examine the relation between media consumption, wellbeing and stress. Almost all respondents classified their health status as “good” or better (92.5%). The average sedentary and physical activity time was 7.2 ± 3.5 h/day and 8.8 ± 10.7 h/week, respectively. Respondents slept for 7.5 ± 1.3 h/night on weekdays and for 8.5 ± 1.5 h/night on weekends, but many were “sometimes” or more frequently overtired (53.1%). Daily duration of playing video games (230.4 ± 159.3 min/day) and watching livestreams and videos with (102.6 ± 101.7 min/day) and without gaming content (72.9 ± 88.5 min/day) were much higher than watching regular television (18.9 ± 49.1 min/day) or reading analog media (32.1 ± 53.5 min/day). In terms of stress and wellbeing, most players reported low stress levels (13.8 ± 5.7) and reached a moderate average score of 60.1 ± 16.4 out of 100 points in the WHO-5 Well-Being Index. Linear regressions revealed no relevant significant associations. The results indicate good subjective health and health behavior of the target group. However, the high amounts of screen-based media-consumption, as well as the moderate stress and wellbeing levels show potential for improvement. In addition, the target group consumed high amounts of digital media in reference to gaming, while traditional media consumption was distinctly low. Consequently, media campaigns that address health promotion in this target group should use the platforms of digital media instead.
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Xu YX, Yu Y, Huang Y, Wan YH, Su PY, Tao FB, Sun Y. Exposure to bedroom light pollution and cardiometabolic risk: A cohort study from Chinese young adults. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 294:118628. [PMID: 34883146 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Indoor light environment has altered dramatically and exposure to light at night (LAN) potential leads to the progression of cardiometabolic conditions. However, few studies have investigated the effect of bedroom LAN exposure on cardiometabolic risk. To estimate the associations between multi-period bedroom LAN exposure with cardiometabolic risk among Chinese young adults. We objectively measured multi-period bedroom LAN intensity using portable illuminance meter in an ongoing prospective cohort (n = 484). At one-year follow-up, 230 young adults provided fasting blood samples for quantification of cardiometabolic parameters. Cardiometabolic (CM)-risk score was derived as the sum of standardized sex-specific z-scores for waist circumference (WC), mean arterial pressure (MAP), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG) and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), with HDL-C multiplied by - 1. Multivariate and univariable linear regression models were used to examine associations of multi-period bedroom LAN exposure with cardiometabolic risk. Exposure to higher bedroom LAN intensity is associated with 1.47-unit increase in CM-risk score (95% CI: 0.69-2.25; P < 0.001). Besides, post-bedtime light exposure was associated with elevated fasting insulin (PBL-1h: β = 0.06, 95% CI: 0.01-0.10; PBL-4h: β = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.19-0.47) and HOMA-IR (PBL-1h: β = 0.013, 95% CI: 0-0.03; PBL-4h: β = 0.07, 95% CI: 0.04-0.11) while pre-awake light exposure was associated with elevated total cholesterol (PAL-1h: β = 0.03, 95% CI: 0.02-0.04; PAL-2h: β = 0.02, 95% CI: 0.01-0.03), triglyceride (PAL-1h: β = 0.015, 95% CI: 0.01-0.02; PAL-2h: β = 0.01, 95% CI: 0-0.02) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (PAL-1h: β = 0.02, 95% CI: 0.01-0.03; PAL-2h: β = 0.02, 95% CI: 0.01-0.03). Among young adults, bedroom LAN exposure was significantly associated with higher cardiometabolic risk. Furthermore, different periods of bedroom light exposure have time-dependent effect on cardiometabolic risk. Further research is needed to confirm our findings and to elucidate potential mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xiang Xu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yu-Hui Wan
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Pu-Yu Su
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Fang-Biao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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Cao X, Cheng Y, Xu C, Hou Y, Yang H, Li S, Gao Y, Jia P, Wang Y. Risk of Accidents or Chronic Disorders From Improper Use of Mobile Phones: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Med Internet Res 2022; 24:e21313. [PMID: 35049511 PMCID: PMC8814932 DOI: 10.2196/21313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mobile phone use has brought convenience, but the long or improper use of mobile phones can cause harm to the human body. Objective We aimed to assess the impact of improper mobile phone use on the risks of accidents and chronic disorders. Methods We systematically searched in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases for studies published prior to April 5, 2019; relevant reviews were also searched to identify additional studies. A random-effects model was used to calculate the overall pooled estimates. Results Mobile phone users had a higher risk of accidents (relative risk [RR] 1.37, 95% CI 1.22 to 1.55). Long-term use of mobile phones increased accident risk relative to nonuse or short-term use (RR 2.10, 95% CI 1.63 to 2.70). Compared with nonuse, mobile phone use resulted in a higher risk for neoplasms (RR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.14), eye diseases (RR 2.03, 95% CI 1.27 to 3.23), mental health disorders (RR 1.16, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.32), and headaches (RR 1.25, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.32); the pooled risk of other chronic disorders was 1.20 (95% CI 0.90 to 1.59). Subgroup analyses also confirmed the increased risk of accidents and chronic disorders. Conclusions Improper use of mobile phones can harm the human body. While enjoying the convenience brought by mobile phones, people have to use mobile phones properly and reasonably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxi Cao
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- School of Public Administration, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yangyang Cheng
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chenjie Xu
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yabing Hou
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongxi Yang
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shu Li
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Peng Jia
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Epidemiology (ISLE), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaogang Wang
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Silva SSD, Silveira MACD, Almeida HCRD, Nascimento MCPD, Santos MAMD, Heimer MV. Use of digital screens by adolescents and association on sleep quality: a systematic review. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2022; 38:e00300721. [DOI: 10.1590/0102-311xen300721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the influence of digital screen use on adolescents’ quality of sleep. This systematic review was recorded on PROSPERO (CRD42020203403) and conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Studies covering adolescents from 10 to 19 years were included without language or publication restrictions which answered the following guiding question: “Does the use of digital screen influence adolescents’ quality sleep?”. Article search included the following databases: (MEDLINE/PubMed), LILACS, SciELO, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, IBECS, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Open Gray. The following descriptors were used: “Sleep Quality”, “Screen Time”, and “Adolescent”. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) assessed the methodological quality of the cohort studies, and a modified NOS was used to assess the cross-sectional ones. In total, 2,268 articles were retrieved, of which 2,059 were selected for title and abstract reading, after duplicates were deleted. After this stage, 47 articles were selected for full reading, resulting in the 23 articles which compose this review. Excessive use of digital screens was associated with worse and shorter sleep, showing, as its main consequences, night awakenings, long sleep latency, and daytime sleepiness. The use of mobile phones before bedtime was associated with poor quality of sleep among adolescents. Our evaluation of the methodological quality of the chosen studies found seven to be poor and 16, moderate.
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Sun L, Li K, Zhang L, Zhang Y. Distinguishing the Associations Between Evening Screen Time and Sleep Quality Among Different Age Groups: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:865688. [PMID: 35815054 PMCID: PMC9263078 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.865688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The age differences in the association between screen time and sleep problems have been implied in many studies, and this study aims to distinguish the associations between evening screen time and sleep quality among different age groups. METHODS This is a population-based, cross-sectional study among community residents aged ≥18 years in China. A total of 21,376 valid questionnaires were analyzed. Sleep quality was measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Averaged evening screen time (AEST), sociodemographic information, and health-related behaviors were also evaluated in this study. RESULTS In the 18-to-34-year age group, compared with people without AEST, ≤1 h/day (β = 0.34, p < 0.05) and >3 h/day (β = 1.05, p < 0.001) of AEST were significantly associated with poor sleep quality, and a reverse S-shaped relationship for this association was shown. In the 35-to-49-year and 50-to-64-year age groups, ≤1 h/day (β = 0.43 and 0.36, both p < 0.001), ≤2 h/day (β = 0.43 and 0.31, p < 0.001 and p < 0.01), ≤3 h/day (β = 0.62 and 0.61, both p < 0.001), and >3 h/day (β = 1.55 and 1.88, both p < 0.001) of AEST were positively associated with poor sleep quality. In the 65-year-and-older age group, a J-shaped relationship was found, and ≤3 h/day (β = 0.82, p < 0.001) and >3 h/day (β = 1.84, p < 0.001) of AEST were associated with poor sleep quality. CONCLUSION Associations between AEST and sleep quality among different age groups are different. In the 18-to-34-year and 65-year-and-older age groups, acceptable AEST is not related to sleep quality. In the 35-to-49-year and 50-to-64-year age groups, AEST was harmful to sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Sun
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, National Health Commission of China, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Keqing Li
- Hebei Provincial Mental Health Center, Baoding, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Hebei Provincial Mental Health Center, Baoding, China
| | - Yunshu Zhang
- Hebei Provincial Mental Health Center, Baoding, China
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Maski K, Mignot E, Plazzi G, Dauvilliers Y. Disrupted nighttime sleep and sleep instability in narcolepsy. J Clin Sleep Med 2022; 18:289-304. [PMID: 34463249 PMCID: PMC8807887 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.9638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES This review aimed to summarize current knowledge about disrupted nighttime sleep (DNS) and sleep instability in narcolepsy, including self-reported and objective assessments, potential causes of sleep instability, health consequences and functional burden, and management. METHODS One hundred two peer-reviewed publications from a PubMed search were included. RESULTS DNS is a key symptom of narcolepsy but has received less attention than excessive daytime sleepiness and cataplexy. There has been a lack of clarity regarding the definition of DNS, as many sleep-related symptoms and conditions disrupt sleep quality in narcolepsy (eg, hallucinations, sleep paralysis, rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder, nightmares, restless legs syndrome/periodic leg movements, nocturnal eating, sleep apnea, depression, anxiety). In addition, the intrinsic sleep instability of narcolepsy results in frequent spontaneous wakings and sleep stage transitions, contributing to DNS. Sleep instability likely emerges in the setting of orexin insufficiency/deficiency, but its exact pathophysiology remains unknown. DNS impairs quality of life among people with narcolepsy, and more research is needed to determine its contributions to cardiovascular risk. Multimodal treatment is appropriate for DNS management, including behavioral therapies, counseling on sleep hygiene, and/or medication. There is strong evidence showing improvement in self-reported sleep quality and objective sleep stability measures with sodium oxybate, but rigorous clinical trials with other pharmacotherapies are needed. Treatment may be complicated by comorbidities, concomitant medications, and mood disorders. CONCLUSIONS DNS is a common symptom of narcolepsy deserving consideration in clinical care and future research. CITATION Maski K, Mignot E, Plazzi G, Dauvilliers Y. Disrupted nighttime sleep and sleep instability in narcolepsy. J Clin Sleep Med. 2022;18(1):289-304.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Maski
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts,Address correspondence to: Kiran Maski, MD, MPH, Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02130; Phone: +01 857-218-5536; Fax: +01 617-730-0282;
| | - Emmanuel Mignot
- Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Redwood City, California
| | - Giuseppe Plazzi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio-Emilia, Modena, Italy,IRCCS, Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche, Bologna, Italy
| | - Yves Dauvilliers
- National Reference Network for Narcolepsy, Sleep and Wake Disorders Centre, Department of Neurology, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France,University of Montpellier, INSERM Institute for Neurosciences Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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50
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Baptista AS, Cruz AJS, Pinho T, Abreu MH, Pordeus IA, Serra-Negra JM. Factors associated with dentists’ search for oral health information during the COVID-19 pandemic. Braz Oral Res 2022; 36:e052. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2022.vol36.0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Teresa Pinho
- Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Portugal
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