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Hu Y, Xue Q, Chen H, Guo H, Carroll KC, Wang S. Mechanistic insight into Cr(VI) retention by Si-containing ferrihydrite. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 139:217-225. [PMID: 38105049 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] causes serious harm to the environment due to its high toxicity, solubility, and mobility. Ferrihydrites (Fh) are the main adsorbent and trapping agent of Cr(VI) in soils and aquifers, and they usually coexist with silicate (Si), forming Si-containing ferrihydrite (Si-Fh) mixtures. However, the mechanism of Cr(VI) retention by Si-Fh mixtures is poorly understood. In this study, the behaviors and mechanisms of Cr(VI) adsorption onto Si-Fh with different Si/Fe molar ratios was investigated. Transmission electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and other techniques were used to characterize Si-Fh and Cr(VI)-loading of Si-Fh. The results show that specific surface area of Si-Fh increases gradually with increasing Si/Fe ratios, but Cr(VI) adsorption on Si-Fh decreases with increasing Si/Fe ratios. This is because with an increase in Si/Fe molar ratio, the point of zero charge of Si-Fh gradually decreases and electrostatic repulsion between Si-Fh and Cr(VI) increases. However, the complexation of Cr(VI) is enhanced due to the increase in adsorbed hydroxyl (A-OH-) on Si-Fh with increasing Si/Fe molar ratio, which partly counteracts the effect of the electrostatic repulsion. Overall, the increase in the electrostatic repulsion has a greater impact on adsorption than the additional complexation with Si-Fh. Density functional theory calculation further supports this observation, showing the increases in electron variation of bonding atoms and reaction energies of inner spherical complexes with the increase in Si/Fe ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qiang Xue
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Honghan Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Huaming Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China; State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Kenneth C Carroll
- Plant & Environmental Science, New Mexico State University, NM 88003, USA
| | - Song Wang
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
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Georgaki MN, Mytiglaki C, Tsokkou S, Kantiranis N. Leachability of hexavalent chromium from fly ash-marl mixtures in Sarigiol basin, Western Macedonia, Greece: environmental hazard and potential human health risk. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:161. [PMID: 38592512 PMCID: PMC11003896 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-01946-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) is an environmental contaminant brining high concerns due to its higher toxicity and mobility in comparison with trivalent chromium Cr(III). Cr (VI) has been linked with several adverse health effects, including respiratory diseases, lung cancer, and skin irritation. The primary sources of it in the environment are industrial activities.Most of the time, fly ash made of lignite can release Cr(VI) when it comes into contact with water in an aquatic environment. The objective of this study is the investigation of Cr (VI) concentration in leachates of fly ash and marl mixtures and the determination of its solubility under different pH conditions. Samples of fly ash were collected from the Power Plant of Agios Dimitrios. Additionally, samples of marl were collected from the mine of South Field, and both samples were mixed and prepared in in different proportions (% w.t.). The leaching experiments were carried out according to the EN-12457/1-4 (2003) standard under different pH conditions and chemical analysis of the leachates were performed by spectrophotometry with diphenylcarbazide (DPC). The environmental footprint of Cr (VI) in the study area was significant, especially in mixtures containing higher concentrations of fly ash. A critical pH range between 6 to 12 is observed. At acidic pH values, a high release of Cr (VI) was observed, while at the mentioned critical values (pH 10-12), a gradual decrease in its leachability was noticed. The high concentrations of Cr (VI) in the industrial area studied require immediate actions in terms of managing and limiting the potential hazardous impacts on the environment and by extension on the public health by developing appropriate prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Nefeli Georgaki
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
- Laboratory of Histology‑Embryology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Christina Mytiglaki
- Department of Mineralogy, Petrology, Economic Geology, School of Geology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Sophia Tsokkou
- Laboratory of Histology‑Embryology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Kantiranis
- Department of Mineralogy, Petrology, Economic Geology, School of Geology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Zhang W, Jin D, Guo X, Qin X, Liu X. Geoenvironmental properties of a Cr(VI)-contaminated soil treated by alkali-activated GGBS under freeze-thaw cycles: Insights into Cr species transformation and microscopic mechanism. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166450. [PMID: 37634723 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Stabilization/solidification is the most frequently used method for treating soils contaminated by heavy metals; however, degradation of the treatment will occur under freeze-thaw (F-T) cycles. In this paper, a low-carbon emission by-product, ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), was adopted as a binder to treat Cr(VI)-contaminated soil after alkali excitation. Built on the usage scenarios of subgrade materials, the impact of F-T cycles and initial water content on the geoenvironmental properties of the treated soils, including leaching toxicity, unconfined compressive strength (UCS), pH, Eh, and permeability, were discussed. To investigate the mechanisms of the changing properties, this study analyzed the chemical morphology of Cr, the micromorphology of the reaction products, and the pore characteristics. The results demonstrated that negative impact of F-T cycles on treatment effectiveness was low at the optimal water content. After 28 F-T cycles, the Cr(VI) component increased by 6.4 %, and the leached Cr concentration showed a significant increase, especially for specimens with low water content. A new solid phase with mixed valence Mn(III/IV), mainly composed of birnessite and manganite, was observed via microscopic analysis. During the first 3 F-T cycles, the content of hydration gel increased by 0.18 %, and the cumulative pore volume decreased such that the UCS increased by an average of 1.2 MPa. This study demonstrated that a few F-T cycles would result in a secondary alkali-activated GGBS reaction, enhancing the treatment effect. However, additional F-T cycles would create an oxidizing environment under which the initially precipitated Cr(III) would react with manganese oxide, resulting in more Cr(VI) released. The degree of reoxidation was closely related to the initial water content of the solidified soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Zhang
- College of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Taizhou University, 318000 Taizhou, PR China.
| | - Dian Jin
- School of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Xingzhang Guo
- Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xiang'ao Qin
- School of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiangning Liu
- School of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, PR China
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4
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Fan W, Yan S, Gao B, Xiu W, Zhao Y, Guo H. Linking groundwater microbiome and functional ecological clusters to geogenic high hexavalent chromium from deep aquifers in a loess plateau. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 244:120545. [PMID: 37659182 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Geogenic high hexavalent chromium [Cr(Ⅵ)] in groundwater is a global environmental problem. However, the groundwater microbiome and its linkage to geogenic high Cr(Ⅵ) from deep aquifers still need to be elucidated. Here, we evaluated geogenic Cr(Ⅵ), groundwater microbiome with featured functional ecological clusters and their interactive responses in groundwater from a deep aquifer in a loess plateau of Northern Shaanxi, China. We found that the compositions and structures of microbial communities in groundwater from the deep aquifer were significantly different between low Cr(Ⅵ) (LCG, < 50 μg/L) and high Cr(Ⅵ) groundwater (HCG, > 50 μg/L), with higher microbial diversity and richness in HCG (p < 0.05). Functional "specialists" related to Cr biotransformation, including Cr(Ⅵ) reducing bacteria (CRB) Rhodococcus, Nocardioides, Novosphingobium, and Acidovorax and Mn-oxidizing bacteria (MnOB) Sphingobium, and Ralstonia were positively correlated to total Cr and Cr(VI) concentrations in groundwater. Moreover, these CRB and MnOB were dominant in high Cr(VI) groundwater and associated by strong interspecific relation in an ecological cluster (p < 0.05), suggesting their indicator roles for high Cr(Ⅵ) and the contribution of MnOB mediated Cr(III) oxidation to Cr(VI) enrichment. RDA and path analysis further revealed that the geogenic Cr(Ⅵ) directly promoted the key Cr-related functional cluster with the groundwater depth, dissolved oxygen, and total dissolved solids as the cofactors indirectly influencing Cr(Ⅵ) and the functional clusters (p < 0.05). Collectively, our results highlight the significant roles of microbial ecological clusters especially functional "specialists" MnOB and CRB in groundwater Cr(Ⅵ) from deep aquifers in the loess plateau and provide a basis for sustainable management of high Cr(Ⅵ) groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendi Fan
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Conservation of MWR & School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Song Yan
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Conservation of MWR & School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Bingying Gao
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Conservation of MWR & School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Wei Xiu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China; Institute of Earth Science, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Conservation of MWR & School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Huaming Guo
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Conservation of MWR & School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China.
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5
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Pyrgaki K, Kelepertzis E, Argyraki A, Boeckx P, Botsou F, Dassenakis E. Identification of sources and transformations of nitrate in Cr(VI)-impacted alluvial aquifers by a hydrogeochemical and δ 15N-NO 3- and δ 18O-NO 3 - isotopes approach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:57703-57719. [PMID: 35355184 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19837-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A coupled methodology of nitrogen isotopes, hydrogeochemical characterization, multivariate statistical analysis, and SIAR Bayesian modeling has been employed to identify the sources of NO3- and N transformation processes in three alluvial aquifers (Schinos, Thiva, and Central Evia) located in central Greece where geogenic Cr(VI) co-occurs with agricultural activity and rural development. Hexavalent chromium concentrations exceed 50 μg/L in many sampling stations of the studied groundwater bodies, while nitrate contamination is evident in all three study areas with concentrations well over 50 mg/L. The mean δ15N-NO3- and δ18Ο-NO3- values are 6.67 ± 1.77‰ and 2.68 ± 1.77‰ in C. Evia, 8.72 ± 4.74‰ and 3.96 ± 4.57‰ in Schinos and 4.44 ± 1.71‰ and 2.91 ± 1.02‰ in Thiva, respectively. Domestic sewage and N-bearing fertilizers are contributing in various degrees to the observed nitrification which is the dominant transformation process of N in the studied aquifers. Multivariate statistics indicated that the main processes identified in the study areas are salinization, silicate dissolution, and groundwater contamination due to fertilizer use. It is suggested that ultramafic rock-related alluvial aquifers must be closely monitored in terms of nutrient inputs as an effective measure for controlling Cr(VI) release in groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Pyrgaki
- Department of Geology and Geoenvironment, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 84, Athens, Greece.
| | - Efstratios Kelepertzis
- Department of Geology and Geoenvironment, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 84, Athens, Greece
| | - Ariadne Argyraki
- Department of Geology and Geoenvironment, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 84, Athens, Greece
| | - Pascal Boeckx
- Isotope Bioscience Laboratory-ISOFYS, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Fotini Botsou
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 84, Athens, Greece
| | - Emmanuel Dassenakis
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 84, Athens, Greece
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6
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Reductive Cr(VI) Removal under Different Reducing and Electron Donor Conditions—A Soil Microcosm Study. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14142179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Increased groundwater and soil contamination by hexavalent chromium have led to the employment of a variety of detoxification methods. Biological remediation of Cr(VI) polluted aquifers is an eco-friendly method that can be performed in situ by stimulating the indigenous microbial population with organic and inorganic electron donors. In order to study the effect of different redox conditions on microbial remediated Cr(VI) reduction to Cr(III), microcosm experiments were conducted under anaerobic, anoxic, and sulfate-reducing conditions and at hexavalent chromium groundwater concentrations in the 0–3000 μg/L range, with groundwater and soil collected from an industrial area (Inofyta region). As electron donors, molasses, emulsified vegetable oil (EVO), and FeSO4 were employed. To quantitatively describe the degradation kinetics of Cr(VI), pseudo-first-order kinetics were adopted. The results indicate that an anaerobic system dosed with simple or complex external organic carbon sources can lead to practically complete Cr(VI) reduction to Cr(III), while the addition of Fe2+ can further increase Cr(VI) removal rate significantly. Furthermore, Cr(VI) microbial reduction is possible in the presence of NO3− at rates comparable to anaerobic Cr(VI) microbial reduction, while high sulfate concentrations have a negative effect on Cr(VI) bioreduction rates in comparison to lower sulfate concentrations.
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7
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Yan S, Guo H, Yin J, Hu H, Cui D, Gao B. Genesis of high hexavalent chromium groundwater in deep aquifers from loess plateau of Northern Shaanxi, China. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 216:118323. [PMID: 35344911 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) groundwater usually exists in shallow aquifers related to ultramafic and serpentine formations, but knowledge of the genesis of dissolved Cr(VI) in deep sandstone aquifers is limited. Both groundwater and aquifer sediments were taken from the Jingbian County in the Loess Plateau of Northwestern Shaanxi to investigate distribution and genesis mechanism of high Cr(VI) groundwater in deep sandstone aquifers. Results showed that the Cr concentrations (median 142 μg/L) in groundwater from deep aquifers (>100 m) were relatively high, while the Cr concentrations in shallow groundwater were low (median 33.8 μg/L). Dissolved Cr mainly existed in the species of Cr(VI) (average, 90%). Deep groundwater with higher Cr(VI) concentrations generally had higher pH, Eh, and DO than shallow groundwater, indicating that the high Cr(VI) groundwater existed in relatively oxic environment. Cretaceous sandstones in deep aquifers had anomalously high contents of total Cr (average 115 mg/kg), where Cr was mainly present in silicates-bound form, and secondly in strongly adsorbed form. There were positive correlations between Mn and Cr in the unweathered silicate-bound form and adsorbed form, which were conducive to Cr(III) oxidation into Cr(VI) in an alkaline-oxic environment. The different ionic ratios (i.e. (Ca2+ + Mg2+)/(HCO3- + SO42-)) also supported silicate weathering as the dominant rock-water interactions in the deep groundwater, which enhanced the release of the unweathered silicate-bound Cr. Relatively high pH and ionic strength mobilized the adsorbed Cr(VI) into groundwater. This investigation emphasizes the geological origin of high Cr(VI) groundwater in deep sandstone aquifers containing Mn oxides, which deserves more concerns for the purpose of drinking water supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China; MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environment Evolution, and School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Huaming Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China; MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environment Evolution, and School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Jiahong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China; MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environment Evolution, and School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Huiying Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China; MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environment Evolution, and School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Di Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China; MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environment Evolution, and School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Bingying Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China; MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environment Evolution, and School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China
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8
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Znad H, Awual MR, Martini S. The Utilization of Algae and Seaweed Biomass for Bioremediation of Heavy Metal-Contaminated Wastewater. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27041275. [PMID: 35209061 PMCID: PMC8876972 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of heavy metals in water bodies is linked to the increasing number of industries and populations. This has serious consequences for the quality of human health and the environment. In accordance with this issue, water and wastewater treatment technologies including ion exchange, chemical extraction, and hydrolysis should be conducted as a first water purification stage. However, the sequestration of these toxic substances tends to be expensive, especially for large scale treatment methods that require tedious control and have limited efficiency. Therefore, adsorption methods using adsorbents derived from biomass represent a promising alternative due to their great efficiency and abundance. Algal and seaweed biomass has appeared as a sustainable solution for environmentally friendly adsorbent production. This review further discusses recent developments in the use of algal and seaweed biomass as potential sorbent for heavy metal bioremediation. In addition, relevant aspects like metal toxicity, adsorption mechanism, and parameters affecting the completion of adsorption process are also highlighted. Overall, the critical conclusion drawn is that algae and seaweed biomass can be used to sustainably eliminate heavy metals from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Znad
- WA School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia;
- School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University (ECU), Perth, WA 6027, Australia
- Correspondence: (H.Z.); (S.M.)
| | - Md. Rabiul Awual
- WA School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia;
| | - Sri Martini
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang, Palembang 30263, Indonesia
- Correspondence: (H.Z.); (S.M.)
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9
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Biotic and Abiotic Biostimulation for the Reduction of Hexavalent Chromium in Contaminated Aquifers. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14010089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium is a carcinogenic heavy metal that needs to be removed effectively from polluted aquifers in order to protect public health and the environment. This work aims to evaluate the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) in a contaminated aquifer through the stimulation of indigenous microbial communities with the addition of reductive agents. Soil-column experiments were conducted in the absence of oxygen and at hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) groundwater concentrations in the 1000–2000 μg/L range. Two carbon sources (molasses and EVO) and one iron electron donor (FeSO4·7H2O) were used as ways to stimulate the metabolism and proliferation of Cr(VI) reducing bacteria in-situ. The obtained results indicate that microbial anaerobic respiration and electron transfer can be fundamental to alleviate polluted groundwater from hazardous Cr(VI). The addition of organic electron donors increased significantly Cr(VI) reduction rates in comparison to natural soil attenuation rates. Furthermore, a combination of organic carbon and iron electron donors led to a longer life span of the remediation process and thus increased total Cr(VI) removal. This is the first study to investigate biotic and abiotic Cr(VI) removal by conducting experiments with natural soil and by applying biostimulation to modify the natural existing microbial communities.
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10
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Hou R, Wang L, Shen Z, Alessi DS, Hou D. Simultaneous reduction and immobilization of Cr(VI) in seasonally frozen areas: Remediation mechanisms and the role of ageing. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 415:125650. [PMID: 34088176 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Among the toxic metals, hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] has attracted much attention due to its high mobility and toxicity, rendering considerable challenges for long-term remediation. In this study, the soil was collected from a dichromate contaminated industrial site in Liaoning Province, a seasonally frozen area in northern China, and subjected to frequent freeze-thaw cycles. Three additives, including (i) ferrous sulfate; (ii) calcium polysulfide; and (iii) combined biochar and calcium polysulfide were applied to reduce and immobilize Cr(VI) in the soils. The samples underwent 28 days of incubation followed by 16 freeze-thaw cycles. The toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) and simulated acid rain leaching were adopted to test the remediation performances. It was observed that all three treatments can significantly reduce and immobilize Cr(VI) after short-term incubation, while biochar with abundant functional groups could adsorb and reduce Cr(VI) effectively. Notably, the concentration of Cr(VI) in TCLP leachates after incubation in combined treatment decreased by 67.87% and 37.27%, respectively, compared with the application of ferrous sulfate or calcium polysulfide alone. Freeze-thaw cycles induced the disintegration of soil particles and increased the risk of contaminant mobilization. Conversely, biochar particles has become finer and even produced nanoparticles with ageing, accompanied by the increase in oxygen-containing surface functional groups. Additionally, the specific surface area increased with the pyrolysis of biochar, which further enhanced the retention of soil colloidal particles and suppressed the migration of contaminants. Therefore, the cumulative release of Cr(VI) in the combined treatment (i.e., 10.97 ~ 32.97 mg/kg) was much lower than that of the other two treatments after freeze-thaw ageing. Overall, the combination of biochar and calcium polysulfide displayed advantages in the reduction and immobilization of Cr(VI), and offered a long-term, effective strategy for the remediation of Cr(VI) contaminated soils in cold regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjie Hou
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Liuwei Wang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhengtao Shen
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Daniel S Alessi
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E3, Canada
| | - Deyi Hou
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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11
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Arif M, Jie Z, Wokadala C, Songlin Z, Zhongxun Y, Zhangting C, Zhi D, Xinrui H, Changxiao L. Assessing riparian zone changes under the influence of stress factors in higher-order streams and tributaries: Implications for the management of massive dams and reservoirs. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 776:146011. [PMID: 33647660 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Riparian ecosystem services along higher-order streams and connected tributaries may change over time as disturbances continuously increase, resulting in diverse deterioration of buffer zones. How habitat, plant cover, regeneration, erosion, and exotic parameters (riparian health conditions) change within huge dams and reservoirs worldwide is an unanswered question. We used multivariate statistical techniques to assess changes in riparian health parameters affected by disturbances identified in 304 transects within the Three Gorges Dam Reservoir, China, and associated tributaries. Kruskal-Wallis tests (p < 0.01) revealed high diversity in habitat, plant cover, regeneration, erosion, and overall stream condition. There was also notable variance relating to exotic and pressure parameters. The critical variables of riparian health indicators and stress factors identified by principal component analysis explained 58.40% and 74.6% (in the main waterway) and 53.23% and 71.0% (in the tributaries) of the total variance. Among riparian health indicators, one habitat parameter (riparian vegetation width) in the main waterway and one regeneration parameter (tree size classes) in tributaries contributed greatly, along with other specified parameters. Furthermore, stress factors such as farming systems, land-use types, and pollutant activity variables had the highest impact on these water bodies. In comparison, counting stress factors alone showed more deterioration in the main waterway with a range of (r = -0.527- 0.493), as determined using Pearson correlation (p < 0.05). Furthermore, after indexing, the parameters exhibited weaker coefficient values in tributaries, where exotic correlated negatively with other indexed values. These findings are relevant for managers of massive dam and reservoir ecosystems seeking to mitigate environmental and socioeconomic losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Arif
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, College of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Punjab Forest Department, Government of Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Zheng Jie
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, College of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Charles Wokadala
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, College of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhang Songlin
- Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China.
| | - Yuan Zhongxun
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, College of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Chen Zhangting
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, College of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Dong Zhi
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, College of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - He Xinrui
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, College of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Li Changxiao
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, College of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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12
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Aouina A, Oloyede HO, Akong RA, Abdelhak J, Görls H, Plass W, Eseola AO. Molecular variation and fluorescent turn-on detection of chromium(III) by three ESIPT-reactive 2,2'-(1,4-phenylenebis(5-phenyl-1H-imidazole-4,2-diyl))diphenols. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.113006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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13
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Yang Z, Wang C, Li Y, Yang S, Zhang W, Li Y. Assessing the chromium mobility in ashes through SiO 2-Al 2O 3-Fe 2O 3-CaO system: The role of composition. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 257:127112. [PMID: 32474150 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Given the millions of coal-fired power stations worldwide and the generalization of co-firing technologies in the near future, the aqueous extraction experiments were taken to study the effects of oxides on Cr mobility in ashes through SiO2-Al2O3-Fe2O3-CaO system. The results identify that both the component and the species of Cr in samples are vital factors to govern the fate of Cr during combustion. Although Cr-oxide hardly reacts with Al2O3, SiO2, and mixtures at 900 °C, the immobilization of Cr in Si-Al glass is ascribable to the heat-driven phase transformation of Cr-rich clay. The strong capture of Cr-oxide by CaO leads to the primary extraction of active Cr with the high toxicity and mobility; however, the opposite effect is found by Fe2O3. But the interactions of Al-/Si- oxides with others can trigger some changes in Cr mobility, wherein there is the lowest mobility of Cr in the case of Cr entering into the structures of Fe-rich SiO2/Si-Al glass during combustion. Thus, without regard to the sample source, it is effective to reduce the environmental risk of Cr in ashes through raising SiO2 and reducing MCaO/MFe2O3 < 5/4 prior to combustion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Yang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Changxiang Wang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Yumei Li
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan, 430074, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Sen Yang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Yilian Li
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan, 430074, PR China.
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14
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Fuoco I, Figoli A, Criscuoli A, Brozzo G, De Rosa R, Gabriele B, Apollaro C. Geochemical modeling of chromium release in natural waters and treatment by RO/NF membrane processes. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 254:126696. [PMID: 32335434 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a geochemical approach was used as strong-scientific tool for pre-selection of suitable remediation systems to treat Cr-contaminated groundwaters. The geochemical characterization allowed to select Nanofiltration (NF) and Reverse Osmosis (RO) as suitable remediation processes, whereas through a new geochemical modeling, the evolution of water chemistry during the water-rock interaction was also studied. The new reaction path modelling was performed re-evaluating the role of Fe as main oxidant in the system and the analytic concentrations of relevant solutes, including Cr(VI), were reproduced. The spring with the highest Cr(VI) content was treated to lower its concentration below the threshold values. A laboratory-scale set-up was used to carry out both NF and RO experiments. The experiments were conducted on different commercial membranes varying the operating pressures. The results showed high Cr(VI) rejections (around 95%) for all tested membranes, leading to Cr(VI) concentrations below the threshold limits. The high flux, obtained already at lower operating pressures, combined with high selectivity towards Cr(VI) makes NF a favorable remediation option.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Fuoco
- DiBEST - University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, cubo 15b, I-87036, Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - A Figoli
- Institute on Membrane Technology (ITM-CNR), Via P. Bucci cubo 17c, I-87036, Rende, CS, Italy.
| | - A Criscuoli
- Institute on Membrane Technology (ITM-CNR), Via P. Bucci cubo 17c, I-87036, Rende, CS, Italy.
| | - G Brozzo
- ACAM Acque S.p.A., Via Alberto Picco 22, I-19124, La Spezia, Italy
| | - R De Rosa
- DiBEST - University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, cubo 15b, I-87036, Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - B Gabriele
- Institute on Membrane Technology (ITM-CNR), Via P. Bucci cubo 17c, I-87036, Rende, CS, Italy; LISOC Group, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Tecnologie University of Calabria, via Ponte Bucci 12c, I-87036, Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - C Apollaro
- DiBEST - University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, cubo 15b, I-87036, Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy.
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The Spatial Distribution, Contamination Status and Contributing Factors of Heavy Metals in Cropland Soils of Twelve Cities in Shandong Province, China. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10061963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to analyze the spatial distributions of, contamination statuses of, and factors contributing to, heavy metals in cropland areas of different cities; thus, 55 agricultural soils were collected from 12 cities of Shandong Province, China. Concentrations of copper (Cu), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni) and zinc (Zn) were determined. Results showed that average contents of Cu, Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni and Zn were 24.13, 31.77, 0.16, 130.63, 22.13, and 71.19 mg·kg−1, respectively, and Pb and Cd had similar spatial distributions in those cities. Specifically, contents of Cr in cities of Weifang, Weihai, Yantai and Zibo were significantly higher than it in other cities; Weihai and Zibo also had significantly high contents of Zn. Moreover, concentrations of Cr in brown soils and cinnamon soils were significantly higher than that in fluvo-aquic soils, while other metals showed no significant differences among the soil types. Furthermore, Cu, Pb and Zn showed significant concentration decreases with respect to those measured in 2007. The correlation analysis and factor analysis indicated that the contamination of Pb and Cd was mainly caused by economic activities. In addition, the significantly correlated Cu/Ni/Zn and Pb/Cd indicated the inputs from different human activities, while Cr was prone to multiple sources. This study demonstrated that more attention should be given to the contamination by Cr, Pb and Cd, and that the management of human economic activities is vitally imperative for safety of surrounding cropland soils.
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Yang K, Xing J, Xu P, Chang J, Zhang Q, Usman KM. Activated Carbon Microsphere from Sodium Lignosulfonate for Cr(VI) Adsorption Evaluation in Wastewater Treatment. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12010236. [PMID: 31963778 PMCID: PMC7023583 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, activated carbon microsphere (SLACM) was prepared from powdered sodium lignosulfonate (SL) and polystyrene by the Mannich reaction and ZnCl2 activation, which can be used to remove Cr(VI) from the aqueous solution without adding any binder. The SLACM was characterized and the batch experiments were conducted under different initial pH values, initial concentrations, contact time durations and temperatures to investigate the adsorption performance of Cr(VI) onto SLACM. The results indicated that the SLACM surface area and average pore size were 769.37 m2/g and 2.46 nm (the mesoporous material), respectively. It was found that the reduced initial pH value, the increased temperature and initial Cr(VI) concentration were beneficial to Cr(VI) adsorption. The maximum adsorption capacity of Cr(VI) on SLACM was 227.7 mg/g at an initial pH value of 2 and the temperature of 40 °C. The adsorption of SLACM for Cr(VI) mainly occurred during the initial stages of the adsorption process. The adsorption kinetic and isotherm experimental data were thoroughly described by Elovich and Langmuir models, respectively. SL could be considered as a potential raw material for the production of activated carbon, which had a considerable potential for the Cr(VI) removal from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyan Yang
- College of Material Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; (K.Y.); (J.X.); (P.X.)
| | - Jingchen Xing
- College of Material Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; (K.Y.); (J.X.); (P.X.)
| | - Pingping Xu
- College of Material Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; (K.Y.); (J.X.); (P.X.)
| | - Jianmin Chang
- College of Material Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; (K.Y.); (J.X.); (P.X.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-010-6233-7733
| | - Qingfa Zhang
- School of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo 255000, China;
| | - Khan Muhammad Usman
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Richland, WA 99354, USA;
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17
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Lu X, Liu X, Zhang W, Wang X, Wang S, Xia T. The residue from the acidic concentrated lithium bromide treated crop residue as biochar to remove Cr (VI). BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 296:122348. [PMID: 31734059 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the hydrolysis residue produced from the acidic concentrated lithium bromide hydrolysis (ALBH) of wheat straw, corn stover and elephant grass were characterized as biochar. The ALBH biochar as the black power had high content of carbon (49.65-55 wt%), specific surface areas (4.53-7.79 m2/g), porous structures (micropores, mesopores and macropores) and abundant oxygen functional groups (hydroxy, carbonyl, ester and ketone groups). These properties made ALBH biochar as a potential adsorbent for environmental remediation, with relatively high removal efficiency for a variety of heavy metal ions, especially hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)). Therefore, ALBH technology may be an efficient strategy for synthesis of bio-char along with fermentable sugars, which met the concern of sustainability and green chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianqin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, Shandong Province, PR China; School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, Shandong Province, PR China; Advanced Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Xingwang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, Shandong Province, PR China; School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, Shandong Province, PR China; School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, Shandong Province, PR China; School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Shouguo Wang
- Advanced Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Tao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, Shandong Province, PR China; School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, Shandong Province, PR China.
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18
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Pei G, Zhu Y, Wen J, Pei Y, Li H. Vinegar residue supported nanoscale zero-valent iron: Remediation of hexavalent chromium in soil. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 256:113407. [PMID: 31672374 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A composite material comprising of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) supported on vinegar residue (nZVI@VR) was prepared and applied for remediation of soils contaminated by hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)). Sedimentation test results revealed that the nZVI@VR displayed enhanced stability in comparison to the bare-nZVI. Remediation experiments exhibited the immobilization efficiency of Cr(VI) and Crtotal was 98.68% and 92.09%, respectively, when using 10 g nZVI@VR (nZVI 5%) per 200 g Cr-contaminated soil (198.20 mg kg-1 Cr(VI), 387.24 mg kg-1 Crtotal) after two weeks of incubation. Further analyses demonstrated that almost all the exchangeable Cr was transformed into Fe-Mn oxide bound and organic matter bound. Moreover, the application of nZVI@VR enhanced soil organic carbon content and reduced redox potential. After granulation, the immobilization efficiency of Cr(VI) and Crtotal achieved 100% and 91.83% at a dosage of 10% granular nZVI@VR. Granular nZVI@VR also accelerated the transform of more available Cr (exchangeable and bound to carbonates) into less available fractions (Fe-Mn oxide bound and organic matter bound), thus resulting in a remarkable reduction in the Cr bioavailability. These results prove that nZVI@VR can be an effective remediation reagent for soils contaminated by Cr(VI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangpeng Pei
- School of Environment Science and Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China; Institute of Resources and Environment Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Yuen Zhu
- School of Environment Science and Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Junguo Wen
- School of Environment Science and Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Yanxi Pei
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Hua Li
- School of Environment Science and Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China.
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19
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Wang T, Qian T, Huo L, Li Y, Zhao D. Immobilization of hexavalent chromium in soil and groundwater using synthetic pyrite particles. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 255:112992. [PMID: 31541830 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.112992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, reactive pyrite (FeS2) particles were prepared through a modified hydrothermal method and tested for immobilization of Cr(VI) in contaminated soil and synthetic groundwater. The addition of a NaAc buffer in the synthetic process resulted in pyrite particles of greater specific surface area, more uniform size, and more crystalline structure. The particles can effectively immobilize Cr(VI) in both water and a model Chinese loess soil. Over 99.9% of Cr(VI) was rapidly removed from water at pH 6.0 (Initial Cr(VI) = 25 mg/L, FeS2 dosage = 0.48 g/L), and the removal remained high (>82%) even at pH 9.5. Both adsorption and reductive precipitation were found operative in the Cr(VI) immobilization, with ∼66% of Cr immobilized due to reduction. Fe(II) ions associated on the FeS2 surface played a key role in the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III), and S22- also facilitated the reductive removal of Cr(VI). The presence of humic acid enhanced Cr(VI) removal at pH 4.0, but the effect was negligible at pH 6.0. Batch kinetic tests showed that treating a Cr(VI)-laden soil with 0.48 g/L (as Fe) of FeS2 decreased the equilibrium water-leachable Cr(VI) by >99.0% at pH 6.0 and by >70.0% at pH 9.0. The distribution coefficient (Kd) value of the pyrite-amended soil was 1477.8 at pH 6.0, which is 306 times higher than that for the untreated soil. Column elution tests showed that installation of a 3-cm reactive layer of FeS2 in a soil column was able to capture the leachable Cr(VI) from the soil, and the retardation factor (Rd) for the 3-cm FeS2 layer sample was 381 times higher than that for the plain soil. The synthetic pyrite particles may serve as a reactive material for effective removal or immobilization of Cr(VI) in contaminated water or soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China; Institute of Environmental Science, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China
| | - Tianwei Qian
- Institute of Environmental Science, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China
| | - Lijuan Huo
- Institute of Environmental Science, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China
| | - Yifei Li
- Institute of Environmental Science, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China
| | - Dongye Zhao
- Environmental Engineering Program, Department of Civil Engineering, 238 Harbert Engineering Center, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
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20
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Li D, Gui C, Ji G, Hu S, Yuan X. An interpretation to Cr(Ⅵ) leaching concentration rebound phenomenon with time in ferrous-reduced Cr(Ⅵ)-bearing solid matrices. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 378:120734. [PMID: 31203121 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) is a prevalent way to evaluate the treatment effectiveness for Cr(Ⅵ)-bearing solid matrices (CBSM). But when a certain amount of residual reductants are present in the treated CBSM, Cr(Ⅵ) leaching concentration rebound phenomenon (CLCRP) occurs, which invalidates the TCLP. This study explores the microstructure of ferrous-reduced CBSM and proves that the residual Cr(Ⅵ), FexCr1-x(OH)3 precipitate and residual ferrous are separately distributed in a three-layer structure. In natural scenarios, the residual ferrous in the out-layer is firstly flushed away by rainfall and groundwater or oxidized by dissolved oxygen, resulting in the decrease of ferrous with time. Residual Cr(Ⅵ), due to being blocked by precipitate layer, is less flushed away. While in TCLP, all of released residual ferrous and Cr(Ⅵ) are in the leachate and react till one of them is almost exhausted, resulting in the underestimation of Cr(Ⅵ) leaching concentrations. The longer the samples experience the natural scenarios, the less of the residual ferrous, resulting in the decline of underestimation of Cr(Ⅵ) leaching concentrations with time. This study also provides a pretreatment which can effectively reduce the residual ferrous, achieving more accurate Cr(Ⅵ) leaching concentrations and eliminating CLCRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China; School of Resources and Environmental Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China; Key Laboratory of Southwest Resources Exploitation and Environmental Hazards Controlling Engineering of Education Ministry, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, PR China.
| | - Chenxin Gui
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China
| | - Guozhu Ji
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China
| | - Siyang Hu
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China
| | - Xingzhong Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China; School of Resources and Environmental Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China; Key Laboratory of Southwest Resources Exploitation and Environmental Hazards Controlling Engineering of Education Ministry, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, PR China
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Vasileiou E, Papazotos P, Dimitrakopoulos D, Perraki M. Expounding the origin of chromium in groundwater of the Sarigkiol basin, Western Macedonia, Greece: a cohesive statistical approach and hydrochemical study. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2019; 191:509. [PMID: 31342188 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7655-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to provide a methodology including statistical tools and spatial techniques, in order to identify the various potential sources of chromium (Crtot) in the Sarigkiol basin, Western Macedonia, Greece, where elevated concentrations of Crtot in groundwater have been recorded since 1996. Integrated hydrochemical approach and statistical analyses including Pearson's correlation coefficient, multivariate statistical analyses (factor analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis), and spatial techniques (Moran's I spatial autocorrelation index and bivariate local indicator spatial association cluster map) were applied to evaluate the chemical analyses of 73 water samples, from irrigation wells, natural springs, and surface water. Both natural and anthropogenic sources of Crtot were recorded; the first (ultramafic-dominated environment) is strongly depicted on the natural spring water, in which Crtot concentrations as high as ~ 130 μg/L were recorded, whereas the second (agricultural activities) acts synergistically in the irrigation wells of the Sarigkiol basin, in which strong correlations of Crtot, P, and NO3- were defined. The paper highlights its findings by outlining the potential sources of elevated concentrations of Cr6+ in the Sarigkiol basin, stressing the need for a closer attention on the role of agricultural activities as an important, though commonly neglected, anthropogenic source of Crtot in groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Vasileiou
- School of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, Division of Geo-sciences, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Heroon Polytechniou St, 15773, Zografou, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Papazotos
- School of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, Division of Geo-sciences, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Heroon Polytechniou St, 15773, Zografou, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Dimitrakopoulos
- Department of Mines Central Support, Hydrogeological Studies Section, Public Power Corporation of Greece (PPC), 29 Chalkokondili St, 10432, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Perraki
- School of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, Division of Geo-sciences, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Heroon Polytechniou St, 15773, Zografou, Greece.
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22
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Betsou C, Tsakiri E, Kazakis N, Vasilev A, Frontasyeva M, Ioannidou A. Atmospheric deposition of trace elements in Greece using moss Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. as biomonitors. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-019-06535-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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23
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Ma H, Yang J, Gao X, Liu Z, Liu X, Xu Z. Removal of chromium (VI) from water by porous carbon derived from corn straw: Influencing factors, regeneration and mechanism. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 369:550-560. [PMID: 30818119 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.02.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Porous carbon is one of the most widely used materials to remove Cr(VI) from polluted water. Here we reported one efficient porous carbon material prepared from corn straw. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Energy dispersion spectrum (EDS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicated that the porous carbon surface had functional groups such as COOH, OH and COC, etc, which could be acted as active sites during the adsorption process. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) results showed that the surface area and total pore volume of the adsorbent were 2131.181 m2/g and 1.128 cm3/g, respectively. The percentages of micropore surface area and micropore volume achieved 91.93% and 80.43%, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity of Cr(VI) was 175.44 mg/g at 25 °C with the well-developed microporous structure and abundant oxygen-containing functional groups of porous carbon. The adsorption process was well described by the pseudo-second order model and Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. It was mainly based on chemical adsorption of a single molecular layer, accompanied by ion exchange reaction, Cr(VI) reduction, and complexation, etc. The adsorbent exhibited excellent removal performance of Cr(VI) in the co-existing ions wastewater and electroplating wastewater, and could remain high removal performance for four adsorption-desorption cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfang Ma
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China; Institute of Advanced Energy Materials and Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, China.
| | - Juanjuan Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Institute of Advanced Energy Materials and Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Zhibao Liu
- Institute of Advanced Energy Materials and Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Xinxin Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, China
| | - Zhaogui Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China
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24
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Apollaro C, Fuoco I, Brozzo G, De Rosa R. Release and fate of Cr(VI) in the ophiolitic aquifers of Italy: the role of Fe(III) as a potential oxidant of Cr(III) supported by reaction path modelling. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 660:1459-1471. [PMID: 30743939 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Reaction path modelling of serpentinite dissolution in meteoric water was performed, varying Fe2O3/(FeO + Fe2O3) weight ratios of serpentine and reproducing the analytical concentrations of relevant solutes, including Cr(VI), in the Mg-HCO3 groundwaters hosted in the ophiolitic aquifers of Italy. The occurrence of geogenic Cr(VI) in these groundwaters appears to be potentially controlled by the oxidation of trivalent Cr to the hexavalent redox state, driven by the reduction of trivalent Fe to the divalent redox state. In fact, trivalent Fe is the only oxidant present in suitable amounts in serpentinite rock, and even serpentine contains a high content of trivalent Fe as proven by recent studies. In contrast, the generally accepted hypothesis that geogenic Cr(VI) in waters interacting with serpentinites is driven by the reduction of trivalent and tetravalent Mn is questionable, since serpentinite rock has a low Mn content and it is necessary to invoke adsorption of trivalent Cr ions onto the surface of Mn oxides, which are oxidised as a surface complex to hexavalent Cr. Moreover, Mn oxides are present in the aqueous solution as suspended particles or in rocks as coatings or nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmine Apollaro
- DiBEST, University of Calabria, P. Bucci street, cubo 15b, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Ilaria Fuoco
- DiBEST, University of Calabria, P. Bucci street, cubo 15b, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | | | - Rosanna De Rosa
- DiBEST, University of Calabria, P. Bucci street, cubo 15b, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
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25
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Lee CP, Hsu PY, Su CC. Increased prevalence of Sjogren's syndrome in where soils contain high levels of chromium. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 657:1121-1126. [PMID: 30677879 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we showed that farm soil levels of chromium were strongly correlated with people's serum chromium levels and an increase (3.6 fold) in both the incidence and prevalence of sicca syndrome in areas where farm soil chromium was high. Because Sjogren's syndrome (SS) is the major disease causing a dry mouth and dry eyes, we aimed in the study to investigate whether these areas with high soil chromium have a high SS prevalence. We used a database from the authority in charge of catastrophic illness certificates. Heavy metal concentrations in farm soils were retrieved from nationwide surveys. We used spatial regression models to study the relationships between the SS prevalence and soil metal concentrations. There were 11,220 people, 1165 men and 10,055 women who received a SS certificate from 2000 to 2011. The SS prevalence was 31 per 105 people, 5.59 for men and 55.01 for women. The highest SS prevalence in Taiwan (53 per 105) was located in an area where farm soils contain the highest amounts of chromium. In contrast, other types of heavy metal did not show such a strong association. In conclusion, the SS prevalence is significantly increased in areas where soils contain high levels of chromium. Chromium is likely a risk for SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Pang Lee
- Department of Maritime Information and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Peng-Yang Hsu
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Che-Chun Su
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
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26
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Bombino G, Zema DA, Denisi P, Lucas-Borja ME, Labate A, Zimbone SM. Assessment of riparian vegetation characteristics in Mediterranean headwaters regulated by check dams using multivariate statistical techniques. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 657:597-607. [PMID: 30550922 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In mountainous torrents of the Mediterranean environment the riparian vegetation is strongly influenced by the presence of engineering control works, since these structures bring heavy modifications in channel geometry, hydraulic regime and bed sediment size. Previous investigations have shown high linear correlations between physical (section shape, profile slope, specific discharge, surface and subsurface size of the channel bed) and vegetation (development, structure and biodiversity) indicators in headwater channels with check dams of Calabrian (Southern Italy) torrents. Based on these findings, this study applies multivariate statistical techniques (Principal Component Analysis and Partial Least Square Regression) to identify in the same study headwaters new synthetic explanatory variables, representative of the different transects (upstream, downstream or intermediate, compared to the check dam location) and develop predictive models of riparian vegetation characteristics. The Principal Component Analysis has provided a simple parameter (the first Principal Component, explaining about 60% of the total variance), which is able to discriminate the physical and vegetal characteristics of the different transects close to check dams, thus reducing the large number of factors influencing the fluvial processes. Moreover, cover, height and transversal variability of riparian vegetation have a very high influence (loadings over 0.73) on this component, while its biodiversity is correlated to the second Principal Component (loadings over 0.63). The Partial Least Square Regression has shown that it is possible to estimate with fair accuracy (minimum r2 of 0.70) the development, structure as well as transversal variability of the riparian vegetation, starting from the physical features of the channel. These models may be important in the planning steps of new check dams, since their effects on the development and growth of vegetation upstream and downstream can be forecasted before their installation, at least for the quantification of the order of magnitude of the check dam impacts on torrent ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Bombino
- Department "Agraria", University "Mediterranea" of Reggio Calabria, Località Feo di Vito - I, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Demetrio Antonio Zema
- Department "Agraria", University "Mediterranea" of Reggio Calabria, Località Feo di Vito - I, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy.
| | - Pietro Denisi
- Department "Agraria", University "Mediterranea" of Reggio Calabria, Località Feo di Vito - I, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Manuel Esteban Lucas-Borja
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, University of Castilla La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, E-02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - Antonino Labate
- Department "Agraria", University "Mediterranea" of Reggio Calabria, Località Feo di Vito - I, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Santo Marcello Zimbone
- Department "Agraria", University "Mediterranea" of Reggio Calabria, Località Feo di Vito - I, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy
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27
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Yuan Z, Cheng X, Zhong L, Wu R, Zheng Y. Preparation, characterization and performance of an electrospun carbon nanofiber mat applied in hexavalent chromium removal from aqueous solution. J Environ Sci (China) 2019; 77:75-84. [PMID: 30573108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2018.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), a highly toxic oxyanion known as a carcinogen and mutagen, is an issue of concern due to its adverse impact on human health. Therefore, development of effective technologies and/or materials for Cr(VI) removal from water has been of great interest for researchers. In this study, an electrospun carbon nanofiber (CNF) mat was prepared via electrospinning polyacrylonitrile (PAN), followed by thermal pre-oxidation and carbonization. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation showed that the fiber diameter of the CNF with carbonization temperature of 950°C (CNF950) was about 266 nm. Potentiometric titration analysis demonstrated that the point of zero charge pH (pHpzc) of CNF950 was around 7.93. CNF950 demonstrated high adsorption capacity and fast adsorption kinetics for Cr(VI) at pH < 3. Langmuir isotherm calculations showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of Cr(VI) on CNF950 was 118.8 mg/g at pH 2. The adsorption isotherm of Cr(VI) on CNF950 was well described by the Redlich-Peterson model, revealing that Cr(VI) adsorption was the result of a combination of monolayer and multilayer adsorption, depending on the initial Cr(VI) concentration. Solution pH greatly affected Cr(VI) adsorption onto CNF950 due to the electrostatic interaction, and the adsorption capacity was relatively high when pH was below 3. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis revealed that the removal of Cr(VI) might be the result of a combination of redox reaction and electrostatic adsorption. The adsorption-saturated CNF950 could be regenerated by NaOH solution. This study extends the potential applicability of electrospun CNF mats for Cr(VI)-contaminated water purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Yuan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Xiaoxia Cheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Lubin Zhong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Renxiang Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yuming Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
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28
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Li F, Li X, Hou L, Shao A. Impact of the Coal Mining on the Spatial Distribution of Potentially Toxic Metals in Farmland Tillage Soil. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14925. [PMID: 30297728 PMCID: PMC6175947 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33132-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Coal mining areas are prone to hazardous element contamination because of mining activities and the resulting wastes, mainly including Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb. This study collected 103 samples of farmland tillage soil surrounding a coal mine in southwestern Shandong province and monitored the heavy metal concentrations of each sample by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). Statistics, geostatistics, and geographical information systems (GIS) were used to determine the spatial pattern of the potentially toxic metals above in the coal mining area. The results show that the toxic metal concentrations have wide ranges, but the average values for Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb are 72.16, 29.53, 23.07, 66.30, 0.14 and 23.71 mg Kg-1, which mostly exceed the natural soil background contents of Shandong Province. The element pairs Ni-Cu, Ni-Zn, and Cu-Zn have relatively high correlation coefficients (0.805, 0.505, 0.613, respectively). The Kriging interpolation results show that the contents of soil toxic metals are influenced by coal mining activities. Moreover, micro-domain variation analysis revealed the toxic metals in the typical area of the coal transportation line. These findings offer systematic insight into the influence of coal mining activities on toxic metals in farmland tillage soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- College of resources and environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
- College of economics and management, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Xinju Li
- College of resources and environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China.
| | - Le Hou
- College of resources and environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Anran Shao
- College of resources and environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
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29
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Zheng Z, Zheng Y, Tian X, Yang Z, Jiang Y, Zhao F. Interactions between iron mineral-humic complexes and hexavalent chromium and the corresponding bio-effects. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 241:265-271. [PMID: 29807285 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.05.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The interfacial behaviors of chromium are fundamental for understanding the environmental effects of chromium in contaminated environments. However, complex surfaces can cause chromium to exhibit a variety of behaviors, especially when humic substances are considered. This work illustrated the role of humics (humic acid and fulvic acid) during the adsorption of Cr(VI) onto iron minerals (magnetite and hematite). The interfacial behaviors were investigated through their adsorption kinetics, adsorption isotherms, and thermodynamics. Then, the microbial diversity was monitored to reflect the bio-effects of Cr(VI) adsorbed onto four iron oxide-humic complexes. The differences in the adsorption capacities and mechanisms of Cr(VI) on the surfaces of the iron mineral-humic complexes were observed. Humics obviously decreased the adsorption capacities of Cr(VI) on the hematite complexes and relieved the decline in the microbial diversity; meanwhile, humics imposed relatively insignificant changes to the Cr(VI) adsorption capacity onto the magnetite complexes. Thus, the corresponding microbial diversity might be mainly affected by released micelles formed by Cr(VI) and humics. These results illustrate the complexities of the interfacial behaviors of Cr(VI) on the surfaces of iron mineral-humic complexes and broaden the current understanding of chromium migration and transportation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 361021 Xiamen, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, 410082 Changsha, China
| | - Yue Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 361021 Xiamen, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaochun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361021 Xiamen, China
| | - Zhaohui Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, 410082 Changsha, China
| | - Yanxia Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361021 Xiamen, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 361021 Xiamen, China.
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30
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Drinčić A, Zuliani T, Ščančar J, Milačič R. Determination of hexavalent Cr in river sediments by speciated isotope dilution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 637-638:1286-1294. [PMID: 29801221 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
During a sampling campaign in September 2015, elevated chromium (Cr) concentrations were observed in sediments of industrially exposed sites of the Sava River (stainless steel production and impact of metallurgic industry). To verify if sediments also contained hazardous hexavalent Cr (Cr(VI)), there was a need to develop a sensitive and reliable analytical procedure for its determination. In the determination of Cr(VI) in environmental samples, it is necessary to evaluate the suitability of the applied analytical methodology for each individual sample matrix. In these studies, the use of isotopically enriched Cr tracers importantly contribute to the validity of the obtained results. In the present work, an analytical procedure was optimised for the extraction of total Cr(VI) from sediments and the content of Cr(VI) determined by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS). To leach the total amount of Cr(VI) from sediments, an ultrasound-assisted extraction procedure was applied at 80 °C, using 2% NaOH + 3% Na2CO3 as the extraction solution. The addition of 0.4 mol L-1 MgCl2 prevented oxidation of Cr(III) during the extraction step. To control for species interconversion and for an accurate calculation of Cr(VI) concentration by speciated isotope dilution (ID)-ICP-MS, the alkaline extract was doubly spiked with enriched 50Cr(VI) and 53Cr(III). The accuracy of the determination of Cr(VI) was verified by analysing the certified reference material CRM 041 (Cr(VI) in soil), and by spike recovery test. Low limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) (1.25 and 4.0 μg Cr(VI) kg-1, respectively) and good repeatability of measurement (relative standard deviation better than ±4.8%) were obtained. The analytical data revealed that Cr(VI) concentrations in sediments of the Sava River did not represent any known environmental hazard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Drinčić
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tea Zuliani
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janez Ščančar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Radmila Milačič
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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