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Zhao Y, Liu K, Wang Y, Ma Y, Guo W, Shi C. Human-mouse chimeric brain models constructed from iPSC-derived brain cells: Applications and challenges. Exp Neurol 2024; 379:114848. [PMID: 38857749 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
The establishment of reliable human brain models is pivotal for elucidating specific disease mechanisms and facilitating the discovery of novel therapeutic strategies for human brain disorders. Human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) exhibit remarkable self-renewal capabilities and can differentiate into specialized cell types. This makes them a valuable cell source for xenogeneic or allogeneic transplantation. Human-mouse chimeric brain models constructed from iPSC-derived brain cells have emerged as valuable tools for modeling human brain diseases and exploring potential therapeutic strategies for brain disorders. Moreover, the integration and functionality of grafted stem cells has been effectively assessed using these models. Therefore, this review provides a comprehensive overview of recent progress in differentiating human iPSC into various highly specialized types of brain cells. This review evaluates the characteristics and functions of the human-mouse chimeric brain model. We highlight its potential roles in brain function and its ability to reconstruct neural circuitry in vivo. Additionally, we elucidate factors that influence the integration and differentiation of human iPSC-derived brain cells in vivo. This review further sought to provide suitable research models for cell transplantation therapy. These research models provide new insights into neuropsychiatric disorders, infectious diseases, and brain injuries, thereby advancing related clinical and academic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Zhao
- Laboratory Animal Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, PR China
| | - Ke Liu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, PR China; Gansu University of traditional Chinese medicine, Lanzhou 730030, PR China
| | - Yinghua Wang
- Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, PR China
| | - Yifan Ma
- Laboratory Animal Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, PR China; Gansu University of traditional Chinese medicine, Lanzhou 730030, PR China
| | - Wenwen Guo
- Laboratory Animal Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, PR China
| | - Changhong Shi
- Laboratory Animal Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, PR China.
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2
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Navabi SP, Badreh F, Khombi Shooshtari M, Hajipour S, Moradi Vastegani S, Khoshnam SE. Microglia-induced neuroinflammation in hippocampal neurogenesis following traumatic brain injury. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35869. [PMID: 39220913 PMCID: PMC11365414 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most causes of death and disability among people, leading to a wide range of neurological deficits. The important process of neurogenesis in the hippocampus, which includes the production, maturation and integration of new neurons, is affected by TBI due to microglia activation and the inflammatory response. During brain development, microglia are involved in forming or removing synapses, regulating the number of neurons, and repairing damage. However, in response to injury, activated microglia release a variety of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and other neurotoxic mediators that exacerbate post-TBI injury. These microglia-related changes can negatively affect hippocampal neurogenesis and disrupt learning and memory processes. To date, the intracellular signaling pathways that trigger microglia activation following TBI, as well as the effects of microglia on hippocampal neurogenesis, are poorly understood. In this review article, we discuss the effects of microglia-induced neuroinflammation on hippocampal neurogenesis following TBI, as well as the intracellular signaling pathways of microglia activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Parisa Navabi
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Khombi Shooshtari
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Somayeh Hajipour
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sadegh Moradi Vastegani
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyed Esmaeil Khoshnam
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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3
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Li Y, Kumamaru H, Vokes TJ, Tran AN, Shevinsky CA, Graham L, Archuleta K, Limon KR, Lu P, Blesch A, Tuszynski MH, Brock JH. An improved method for generating human spinal cord neural stem cells. Exp Neurol 2024; 376:114779. [PMID: 38621449 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Neural stem cells have exhibited efficacy in pre-clinical models of spinal cord injury (SCI) and are on a translational path to human testing. We recently reported that neural stem cells must be driven to a spinal cord fate to optimize host axonal regeneration into sites of implantation in the injured spinal cord, where they subsequently form neural relays across the lesion that support significant functional improvement. We also reported methods of deriving and culturing human spinal cord neural stem cells derived from embryonic stem cells that can be sustained over serial high passage numbers in vitro, providing a potentially optimized cell source for human clinical trials. We now report further optimization of methods for deriving and sustaining cultures of human spinal cord neural stem cell lines that result in improved karyotypic stability while retaining anatomical efficacy in vivo. This development improves prospects for safe human translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Li
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - H Kumamaru
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyushu University, Oita, Japan
| | - T J Vokes
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - A N Tran
- Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States of America
| | - C A Shevinsky
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - L Graham
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - K Archuleta
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - K R Limon
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - P Lu
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America; Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States of America
| | - A Blesch
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America; Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States of America
| | - M H Tuszynski
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America; Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States of America
| | - J H Brock
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America; Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States of America.
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4
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Davis CK, Arruri V, Joshi P, Vemuganti R. Non-pharmacological interventions for traumatic brain injury. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024; 44:641-659. [PMID: 38388365 PMCID: PMC11197135 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x241234770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Heterogeneity and variability of symptoms due to the type, site, age, sex, and severity of injury make each case of traumatic brain injury (TBI) unique. Considering this, a universal treatment strategy may not be fruitful in managing outcomes after TBI. Most of the pharmacological therapies for TBI aim at modifying a particular pathway or molecular process in the sequelae of secondary injury rather than a holistic approach. On the other hand, non-pharmacological interventions such as hypothermia, hyperbaric oxygen, preconditioning with dietary adaptations, exercise, environmental enrichment, deep brain stimulation, decompressive craniectomy, probiotic use, gene therapy, music therapy, and stem cell therapy can promote healing by modulating multiple neuroprotective mechanisms. In this review, we discussed the major non-pharmacological interventions that are being tested in animal models of TBI as well as in clinical trials. We evaluated the functional outcomes of various interventions with an emphasis on the links between molecular mechanisms and outcomes after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles K Davis
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Vijay Arruri
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Pallavi Joshi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Raghu Vemuganti
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
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5
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Syzdykbayev M, Kazymov M, Aubakirov M, Kurmangazina A, Kairkhanov E, Kazangapov R, Bryzhakhina Z, Imangazinova S, Sheinin A. A Modern Approach to the Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury. MEDICINES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:10. [PMID: 38786549 PMCID: PMC11123131 DOI: 10.3390/medicines11050010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Background: Traumatic brain injury manifests itself in various forms, ranging from mild impairment of consciousness to severe coma and death. Traumatic brain injury remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Currently, there is no therapy to reverse the effects associated with traumatic brain injury. New neuroprotective treatments for severe traumatic brain injury have not achieved significant clinical success. Methods: A literature review was performed to summarize the recent interdisciplinary findings on management of traumatic brain injury from both clinical and experimental perspective. Results: In the present review, we discuss the concepts of traditional and new approaches to treatment of traumatic brain injury. The recent development of different drug delivery approaches to the central nervous system is also discussed. Conclusions: The management of traumatic brain injury could be aimed either at the pathological mechanisms initiating the secondary brain injury or alleviating the symptoms accompanying the injury. In many cases, however, the treatment should be complex and include a variety of medical interventions and combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marat Syzdykbayev
- Department of Hospital Surgery, Anesthesiology and Reanimatology, Semey Medical University, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan
| | - Maksut Kazymov
- Department of General Practitioners, Semey Medical University, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan
| | - Marat Aubakirov
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Semey Medical University, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan
| | - Aigul Kurmangazina
- Committee for Medical and Pharmaceutical Control of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan for East Kazakhstan Region, Ust-Kamenogorsk 070004, Kazakhstan
| | - Ernar Kairkhanov
- Pavlodar Branch of Semey Medical University, Pavlodar S03Y3M1, Kazakhstan
| | - Rustem Kazangapov
- Pavlodar Branch of Semey Medical University, Pavlodar S03Y3M1, Kazakhstan
| | - Zhanna Bryzhakhina
- Department Psychiatry and Narcology, Semey Medical University, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan
| | - Saule Imangazinova
- Department of Therapy, Astana Medical University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Anton Sheinin
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
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6
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Guo W, Liu K, Wang Y, Ge X, Ma Y, Qin J, Zhang C, Zhao Y, Shi C. Neurotrophins and neural stem cells in posttraumatic brain injury repair. Animal Model Exp Med 2024; 7:12-23. [PMID: 38018458 PMCID: PMC10961886 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the main cause of disability, mental health disorder, and even death, with its incidence and social costs rising steadily. Although different treatment strategies have been developed and tested to mitigate neurological decline, a definitive cure for these conditions remains elusive. Studies have revealed that various neurotrophins represented by the brain-derived neurotrophic factor are the key regulators of neuroinflammation, apoptosis, blood-brain barrier permeability, neurite regeneration, and memory function. These factors are instrumental in alleviating neuroinflammation and promoting neuroregeneration. In addition, neural stem cells (NSC) contribute to nerve repair through inherent neuroprotective and immunomodulatory properties, the release of neurotrophins, the activation of endogenous NSCs, and intercellular signaling. Notably, innovative research proposals are emerging to combine BDNF and NSCs, enabling them to synergistically complement and promote each other in facilitating injury repair and improving neuron differentiation after TBI. In this review, we summarize the mechanism of neurotrophins in promoting neurogenesis and restoring neural function after TBI, comprehensively explore the potential therapeutic effects of various neurotrophins in basic research on TBI, and investigate their interaction with NSCs. This endeavor aims to provide a valuable insight into the clinical treatment and transformation of neurotrophins in TBI, thereby promoting the progress of TBI therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Guo
- Laboratory Animal CenterFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anP.R. China
- Gansu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineLanzhouP.R. China
| | - Ke Liu
- Laboratory Animal CenterFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anP.R. China
- Gansu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineLanzhouP.R. China
| | - Yinghua Wang
- Medical College of Yan'an UniversityYan'anP.R. China
| | - Xu Ge
- Laboratory Animal CenterFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anP.R. China
| | - Yifan Ma
- Gansu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineLanzhouP.R. China
| | - Jing Qin
- Laboratory Animal CenterFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anP.R. China
| | - Caiqin Zhang
- Laboratory Animal CenterFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anP.R. China
| | - Ya Zhao
- Laboratory Animal CenterFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anP.R. China
| | - Changhong Shi
- Laboratory Animal CenterFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anP.R. China
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7
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Andreu M, Sanchez LMQ, Spurlock MS, Hu Z, Mahavadi A, Powell HR, Lujan MM, Nodal S, Cera M, Ciocca I, Bullock R, Gajavelli S. Injury-Transplantation Interval-Dependent Amelioration of Axonal Degeneration and Motor Deficit in Rats with Penetrating Traumatic Brain Injury. Neurotrauma Rep 2023; 4:225-235. [PMID: 37095855 PMCID: PMC10122235 DOI: 10.1089/neur.2022.0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Penetrating traumatic brain injury (pTBI) is increasingly survivable, but permanently disabling as adult mammalian nervous system does not regenerate. Recently, our group demonstrated transplant location-dependent neuroprotection and safety of clinical trial-grade human neural stem cell (hNSC) transplantation in a rodent model of acute pTBI. To evaluate whether longer injury-transplantation intervals marked by chronic inflammation impede engraftment, 60 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to three sets. Each set was divided equally into two groups: 1) with no injury (sham) or 2) pTBI. After either 1 week (groups 1 and 2), 2 weeks (groups 3 and 4), or 4 weeks after injury (groups 5 and 6), each animal received 0.5 million hNSCs perilesionally. A seventh group of pTBI animals treated with vehicle served as the negative control. All animals were allowed to survive 12 weeks with standard chemical immunosuppression. Motor capacity was assessed pre-transplant to establish injury-induced deficit and followed by testing at 8 and 12 weeks after transplantation. Animals were euthanized, perfused, and examined for lesion size, axonal degeneration, and engraftment. Compared to vehicle, transplanted groups showed a trend for reduced lesion size and axonal injury across intervals. Remote secondary axonal injury was significantly reduced in groups 2 and 4, but not in group 6. The majority of animals showed robust engraftment independent of the injury-transplant time interval. Modest amelioration of motor deficit paralleled the axonal injury trend. In aggregate, pTBI-induced remote secondary axonal injury was resolved by early, but not delayed, hNSC transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- MaryLourdes Andreu
- Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | | | - Markus S. Spurlock
- Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Zhen Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anil Mahavadi
- University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Henry R. Powell
- Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Maria M. Lujan
- Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Samuel Nodal
- Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Melissa Cera
- Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Isabella Ciocca
- Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Ross Bullock
- Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Shyam Gajavelli
- Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
- Address correspondence to: Shyam Gajavelli, PhD, Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, 1095 Northwest 14th Terrace, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
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8
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Adugna DG, Aragie H, Kibret AA, Belay DG. Therapeutic Application of Stem Cells in the Repair of Traumatic Brain Injury. Stem Cells Cloning 2022; 15:53-61. [PMID: 35859889 PMCID: PMC9289752 DOI: 10.2147/sccaa.s369577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury is the main cause of injury-related deaths and disabilities throughout the world, which is characterized by a disruption of the normal physiology of the brain following trauma. It can potentially cause severe complications such as physical, cognitive, and emotional impairment. In addition to understanding traumatic brain injury pathophysiology, this review explains the therapeutic potential of stem cells following brain injury in two pathways: response of endogenous neurogenic cells and transplantation of exogenous stem cell therapy. After traumatic brain injuries, clinical evidence indicated that endogenous neural progenitor cells might play an important role in regenerative medicine to treat brain injury. This is due to an increased neurogenic regeneration ability of these cells following brain injury. Besides, exogenous stem cell transplantation has also accelerated immature neuronal development and increased endogenous cellular proliferation in the damaged brain region. Therefore, a better understanding of the endogenous neural stem cell’s regenerative ability and the effect of exogenous stem cells on proliferation and differentiation ability may help researchers to understand how to increase functional recovery and tissue repair following injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagnew Getnet Adugna
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
| | - Hailu Aragie
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
| | - Anteneh Ayelign Kibret
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
| | - Daniel Gashaneh Belay
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia.,Department of Epidemiology, Institution of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
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9
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Neural stem cell therapy in conjunction with curcumin loaded in niosomal nanoparticles enhanced recovery from traumatic brain injury. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3572. [PMID: 35246564 PMCID: PMC8897489 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07367-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite a great amount of effort, there is still a need for reliable treatments of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Recently, stem cell therapy has emerged as a new avenue to address neuronal regeneration after TBI. However, the environment of TBI lesions exerts negative effects on the stem cells efficacy. Therefore, to maximize the beneficial effects of stem cells in the course of TBI, we evaluated the effect of human neural stem/progenitor cells (hNS/PCs) and curcumin-loaded niosome nanoparticles (CM-NPs) on behavioral changes, brain edema, gliosis, and inflammatory responses in a rat model of TBI. After TBI, hNS/PCs were transplanted within the injury site and CM-NPs were orally administered for 10 days. Finally, the effect of combination therapy was compared to several control groups. Our results indicated a significant improvement of general locomotor activity in the hNS/PCs + CM-NPs treatment group compared to the control groups. We also observed a significant improvement in brain edema in the hNS/PCs + CM-NPs treatment group compared to the other groups. Furthermore, a significant decrease in astrogliosis was seen in the combined treatment group. Moreover, TLR4-, NF-κB-, and TNF-α- positive cells were significantly decreased in hNS/PCs + CM-NPs group compared to the control groups. Taken together, this study indicated that combination therapy of stem cells with CM-NPs can be an effective therapy for TBI.
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10
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Physical exercise promotes integration of grafted cells and functional recovery in an acute stroke rat model. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:276-288. [PMID: 35030322 PMCID: PMC8828662 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Human neural progenitor cell (hNPC) transplantation holds great potential to treat neurological diseases. However, hNPC grafts take a long time to differentiate into mature neurons due to their intrinsically prolonged developmental timetable. Here, we report that postoperative physical exercise (PE), a prevailing rehabilitation intervention, promotes the neuronal commitment, maturation, and integration of engrafted hNPCs, evidenced by forming more synapses, receiving more synaptic input from host neurons, and showing higher neuronal activity levels. More important, NPC transplantation, combined with PE, shows significant improvement in both structural and behavioral outcomes in stroke-damaged rats. PE enhances ingrowth of blood vessels around the infarction region and neural tract reorganization along the ischemic boundary. The combination of NPC transplantation and postoperative PE creates both a neurotrophic/growth factor-enriched proneuronal microenvironment and an ideal condition for activity-dependent plasticity to give full play to its effects. Our study provides a potential approach to treating patients with stroke injury. Physical exercise boosts the maturation and integration of engrafted human NPCs This strategy brings about both structural and behavioral improvements in stroke rats This strategy creates a neurotrophic factor-enriched microenvironment Activity-dependent plasticity is also involved in this process
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11
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Wang G, Wu HL, Liu YP, Yan DQ, Yuan ZL, Chen L, Yang Q, Gao YS, Diao B. Pre-clinical study of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for the treatment of traumatic brain injury: safety evaluation from immunogenic and oncogenic perspectives. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:354-361. [PMID: 34269210 PMCID: PMC8463980 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.317985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapy is a promising strategy for the treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, animal experiments are needed to evaluate safety; in particular, to examine the immunogenicity and tumorigenicity of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (huMSCs) before clinical application. In this study, huMSCs were harvested from human amniotic membrane and umbilical cord vascular tissue. A rat model of TBI was established using the controlled cortical impact method. Starting from the third day after injury, the rats were injected with 10 μL of 5 × 106/mL huMSCs by cerebral stereotaxis or with 500 μL of 1 × 106/mL huMSCs via the tail vein for 3 successive days. huMSC transplantation decreased the serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines in rats with TBI and increased the serum levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines, thereby exhibiting good immunoregulatory function. The transplanted huMSCs were distributed in the liver, lung and brain injury sites. No abnormal proliferation or tumorigenesis was found in these organs up to 12 months after transplantation. The transplanted huMSCs negligibly proliferated in vivo, and apoptosis was gradually observed at later stages. These findings suggest that huMSC transplantation for the treatment of traumatic brain injury displays good safety. In addition, huMSCs exhibit good immunoregulatory function, which can help prevent and reduce secondary brain injury caused by the rapid release of inflammatory factors after TBI. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Wuhan General Hospital of PLA (approval No. 20160054) on November 1, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Basic Medical Laboratory, General Hospital of the Central Theater Command; Hubei Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Tumor and Intervention, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hua-Ling Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third People's Hospital of Yongzhou, Yongzhou, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yue-Ping Liu
- Basic Medical Laboratory, General Hospital of the Central Theater Command; Hubei Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Tumor and Intervention, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - De-Qi Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, 990th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Troops of PLA, Zhumadian, Henan Province, China
| | - Zi-Lin Yuan
- Basic Medical Laboratory, General Hospital of the Central Theater Command; Hubei Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Tumor and Intervention, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Li Chen
- Basic Medical Laboratory, General Hospital of the Central Theater Command; Hubei Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Tumor and Intervention, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Basic Medical Laboratory, General Hospital of the Central Theater Command; Hubei Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Tumor and Intervention, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yu-Song Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, 990th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Troops of PLA, Zhumadian, Henan Province, China
| | - Bo Diao
- Basic Medical Laboratory, General Hospital of the Central Theater Command; Hubei Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Tumor and Intervention, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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12
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Lin PH, Kuo LT, Luh HT. The Roles of Neurotrophins in Traumatic Brain Injury. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 12:life12010026. [PMID: 35054419 PMCID: PMC8780368 DOI: 10.3390/life12010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Neurotrophins are a collection of structurally and functionally related proteins. They play important roles in many aspects of neural development, survival, and plasticity. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to different levels of central nervous tissue destruction and cellular repair through various compensatory mechanisms promoted by the injured brain. Many studies have shown that neurotrophins are key modulators of neuroinflammation, apoptosis, blood–brain barrier permeability, memory capacity, and neurite regeneration. The expression of neurotrophins following TBI is affected by the severity of injury, genetic polymorphism, and different post-traumatic time points. Emerging research is focused on the potential therapeutic applications of neurotrophins in managing TBI. We conducted a comprehensive review by organizing the studies that demonstrate the role of neurotrophins in the management of TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Hung Lin
- Department of Medical Education, School of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
| | - Lu-Ting Kuo
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
| | - Hui-Tzung Luh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan
- Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-956279587
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13
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Marzano LAS, de Castro FLM, Machado CA, de Barros JLVM, Macedo E Cordeiro T, Simões E Silva AC, Teixeira AL, Silva de Miranda A. Potential Role of Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Traumatic Brain Injury. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:3392-3419. [PMID: 34561977 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210923143713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious cause of disability and death among young and adult individuals, displaying complex pathophysiology including cellular and molecular mechanisms that are not fully elucidated. Many experimental and clinical studies investigated the potential relationship between TBI and the process by which neurons are formed in the brain, known as neurogenesis. Currently, there are no available treatments for TBI's long-term consequences being the search for novel therapeutic targets, a goal of highest scientific and clinical priority. Some studies evaluated the benefits of treatments aimed at improving neurogenesis in TBI. In this scenario, herein, we reviewed current pre-clinical studies that evaluated different approaches to improving neurogenesis after TBI while achieving better cognitive outcomes, which may consist in interesting approaches for future treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Alexandre Santos Marzano
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica (LIIM), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil
| | | | - Caroline Amaral Machado
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, UFMG, Brazil
| | | | - Thiago Macedo E Cordeiro
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica (LIIM), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Simões E Silva
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica (LIIM), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil
| | - Antônio Lúcio Teixeira
- Neuropsychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, United States
| | - Aline Silva de Miranda
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica (LIIM), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil
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14
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Traumatic Brain Injury: Mechanistic Insight on Pathophysiology and Potential Therapeutic Targets. J Mol Neurosci 2021; 71:1725-1742. [PMID: 33956297 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-021-01841-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes brain damage, which involves primary and secondary injury mechanisms. Primary injury causes local brain damage, while secondary damage begins with inflammatory activity followed by disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), peripheral blood cells infiltration, brain edema, and the discharge of numerous immune mediators including chemotactic factors and interleukins. TBI alters molecular signaling, cell structures, and functions. Besides tissue damage such as axonal damage, contusions, and hemorrhage, TBI in general interrupts brain physiology including cognition, decision-making, memory, attention, and speech capability. Regardless of the deep understanding of the pathophysiology of TBI, the underlying mechanisms still need to be assessed with a desired therapeutic agent to control the consequences of TBI. The current review gives a brief outline of the pathophysiological mechanism of TBI and various biochemical pathways involved in brain injury, pharmacological treatment approaches, and novel targets for therapy.
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15
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Jia Y, Wang G, Ye Y, Kang E, Chen H, Guo Z, He X. Niche Cells Crosstalk In Neuroinflammation After Traumatic Brain Injury. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:368-378. [PMID: 33390856 PMCID: PMC7757042 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.52169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is recognized as the disease with high morbidity and disability around world in spite of the work ongoing in neural protection. Due to heterogeneity among the patients, it's still hard to acquire satisfying achievements in clinic. Neuroinflammation, which exists since primary injury occurs, with elusive duality, appear to be of significance from recovery of injury to neurogenesis. In recent years, studied have revealed that communication in neurogenic niche is more than “cell to cell” communication, and study on NSCs represent it as central role in the progress of neural regeneration. Hence, the neuroinflammation-affecting crosstalk after TBI, and clarifying definitive role of NSCs in the course of regeneration is a promising subject for researchers, for its great potential in overcoming the frustrating status quo in clinic, promoting welfare of TBI patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Airforce Military Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Guanyi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Airforce Military Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yuqing Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Airforce Military Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an 710032, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, PLA 163rd Hospital (Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha 410000, China
| | - Enming Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Airforce Military Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Huijun Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Airforce Military Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Zishuo Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, AMMS, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Xiaosheng He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Airforce Military Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an 710032, China
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16
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Lacalle-Aurioles M, Cassel de Camps C, Zorca CE, Beitel LK, Durcan TM. Applying hiPSCs and Biomaterials Towards an Understanding and Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:594304. [PMID: 33281561 PMCID: PMC7689345 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.594304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of disability and mortality in children and young adults and has a profound impact on the socio-economic wellbeing of patients and their families. Initially, brain damage is caused by mechanical stress-induced axonal injury and vascular dysfunction, which can include hemorrhage, blood-brain barrier disruption, and ischemia. Subsequent neuronal degeneration, chronic inflammation, demyelination, oxidative stress, and the spread of excitotoxicity can further aggravate disease pathology. Thus, TBI treatment requires prompt intervention to protect against neuronal and vascular degeneration. Rapid advances in the field of stem cells (SCs) have revolutionized the prospect of repairing brain function following TBI. However, more than that, SCs can contribute substantially to our knowledge of this multifaced pathology. Research, based on human induced pluripotent SCs (hiPSCs) can help decode the molecular pathways of degeneration and recovery of neuronal and glial function, which makes these cells valuable tools for drug screening. Additionally, experimental approaches that include hiPSC-derived engineered tissues (brain organoids and bio-printed constructs) and biomaterials represent a step forward for the field of regenerative medicine since they provide a more suitable microenvironment that enhances cell survival and grafting success. In this review, we highlight the important role of hiPSCs in better understanding the molecular pathways of TBI-related pathology and in developing novel therapeutic approaches, building on where we are at present. We summarize some of the most relevant findings for regenerative therapies using biomaterials and outline key challenges for TBI treatments that remain to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Lacalle-Aurioles
- Early Drug Discovery Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Camille Cassel de Camps
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Cornelia E Zorca
- Early Drug Discovery Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lenore K Beitel
- Early Drug Discovery Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Thomas M Durcan
- Early Drug Discovery Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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17
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Therapeutic potential of stem cells for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Biotechnol Lett 2020; 42:1073-1101. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-020-02886-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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18
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Crupi R, Cordaro M, Cuzzocrea S, Impellizzeri D. Management of Traumatic Brain Injury: From Present to Future. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9040297. [PMID: 32252390 PMCID: PMC7222188 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9040297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
TBI (traumatic brain injury) is a major cause of death among youth in industrialized societies. Brain damage following traumatic injury is a result of direct and indirect mechanisms; indirect or secondary injury involves the initiation of an acute inflammatory response, including the breakdown of the blood–brain barrier (BBB), brain edema, infiltration of peripheral blood cells, and activation of resident immunocompetent cells, as well as the release of numerous immune mediators such as interleukins and chemotactic factors. TBI can cause changes in molecular signaling and cellular functions and structures, in addition to tissue damage, such as hemorrhage, diffuse axonal damages, and contusions. TBI typically disturbs brain functions such as executive actions, cognitive grade, attention, memory data processing, and language abilities. Animal models have been developed to reproduce the different features of human TBI, better understand its pathophysiology, and discover potential new treatments. For many years, the first approach to manage TBI has been treatment of the injured tissue with interventions designed to reduce the complex secondary-injury cascade. Several studies in the literature have stressed the importance of more closely examining injuries, including endothelial, microglia, astroglia, oligodendroglia, and precursor cells. Significant effort has been invested in developing neuroprotective agents. The aim of this work is to review TBI pathophysiology and existing and potential new therapeutic strategies in the management of inflammatory events and behavioral deficits associated with TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalia Crupi
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
| | - Marika Cordaro
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria 1, 98100 Messina, Italy;
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmacological and Environmental Sciences, Messina University, Viale F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy;
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +390-906-765-208
| | - Daniela Impellizzeri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmacological and Environmental Sciences, Messina University, Viale F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy;
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19
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Wang B, Huang C, Chen L, Xu D, Zheng G, Zhou Y, Wang X, Zhang X. The Emerging Roles of the Gaseous Signaling Molecules NO, H2S, and CO in the Regulation of Stem Cells. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 6:798-812. [PMID: 33464852 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ben Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Chongan Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Lijie Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317000, China
| | - Daoliang Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Gang Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Yifei Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Xiangyang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- Chinese Orthopaedic Regenerative Medicine Society, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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20
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Zhu B, Eom J, Hunt RF. Transplanted interneurons improve memory precision after traumatic brain injury. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5156. [PMID: 31727894 PMCID: PMC6856380 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13170-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Repair of the traumatically injured brain has been envisioned for decades, but regenerating new neurons at the site of brain injury has been challenging. We show GABAergic progenitors, derived from the embryonic medial ganglionic eminence, migrate long distances following transplantation into the hippocampus of adult mice with traumatic brain injury, functionally integrate as mature inhibitory interneurons and restore post-traumatic decreases in synaptic inhibition. Grafted animals had improvements in memory precision that were reversed by chemogenetic silencing of the transplanted neurons and a long-lasting reduction in spontaneous seizures. Our results reveal a striking ability of transplanted interneurons for incorporating into injured brain circuits, and this approach is a powerful therapeutic strategy for correcting post-traumatic memory and seizure disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyao Zhu
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Jisu Eom
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Robert F Hunt
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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21
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Luo ML, Pan L, Wang L, Wang HY, Li S, Long ZY, Zeng L, Liu Y. Transplantation of NSCs Promotes the Recovery of Cognitive Functions by Regulating Neurotransmitters in Rats with Traumatic Brain Injury. Neurochem Res 2019; 44:2765-2775. [PMID: 31701381 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02897-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Transplantation of neural stem cells (NSCs) may be a potential strategy for traumatic brain injury treatment (TBI) due to their intrinsic advantages, such as cell replacement, secretion of neurotrophins and formation of functional synapses with host. However the underlying effects of transplanted NSCs on host micro-environment still need to be further elucidated. In this manuscript the effects of NSCs on release of neurotransmitter, survival of hippocampal neurons, reactivity of astrocytes and recovery of cognitive function after TBI were observed. The NSCs were isolated from cortex of neonatal Sprague-Dawley rat and then transplanted into injured brain regions caused by free-weight drop. The proliferation of astrocytes around injured sites were examined by GFAP immunofluorescent staining on 3, 7, 14 days after injury. The survival of neurons at CA1 regions of hippocampus toward contused regions was observed by HE staining on 3 and 14 days post-injury. The content of glutamic acid (Glu) and GABA in hippocampal tissues was examined on 1, 3, 7, 14, 28 days after injury by ELISA. On third day post-injury, hippocampal-dependent spatial memory was measured for 5 days without intermittent. NSCs in culture have the ability to proliferate and differentiate into different phenotypes of neural cells. After transplantation of NSCs, the proliferation of astrocytes around injured site was significantly inhibited compared to the injured group. At the same time the survival of neurons in hippocampal CA1 region were much more than those in injured group on 14 days post-injury. Meanwhile, the cognitive functions in NSC transplanted group was remarkably improved compared with injured group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, NSCs transplantation dramatically inhibited the release of Glu and maintained the content of GABA in injured hippocampal tissues on 1, 3, 7, 14, 28 days post-injury, which was of difference in statistics (p < 0.05). NSCs transplantation can effectively alleviate the formation of glial scar, enhance the survival of hippocampal neurons and improve cognitive function defects in rats with TBI. The underlying mechanism may be related to their effects on inhibiting the release of Glu and maintaining the content of GABA, so as to down-regulate excitotoxicity of neurotransmitter and improve the micro-environment in injured sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Ling Luo
- Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, the Army Military Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Lu Pan
- Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, the Army Military Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Li Wang
- Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, the Army Military Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Hai-Yan Wang
- Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, the Army Military Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Sen Li
- Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, the Army Military Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Zai-Yun Long
- Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, the Army Military Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Lin Zeng
- Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, the Army Military Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, the Army Military Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing, 400042, China.
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22
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Peng Y, Liou B, Inskeep V, Blackwood R, Mayhew CN, Grabowski GA, Sun Y. Intravenous infusion of iPSC-derived neural precursor cells increases acid β-glucosidase function in the brain and lessens the neuronopathic phenotype in a mouse model of Gaucher disease. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 28:3406-3421. [PMID: 31373366 PMCID: PMC6891072 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddz184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gaucher disease (GD) is caused by GBA1 mutations leading to functional deficiency of acid-β-glucosidase (GCase). No effective treatment is available for neuronopathic GD (nGD). A subclass of neural stem and precursor cells (NPCs) expresses VLA4 (integrin α4β1, very late antigen-4) that facilitates NPC entry into the brain following intravenous (IV) infusion. Here, the therapeutic potential of IV VLA4+NPCs was assessed for nGD using wild-type mouse green fluorescent protein (GFP)-positive multipotent induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived VLA4+NPCs. VLA4+NPCs successfully engrafted in the nGD (4L;C*) mouse brain. GFP-positive cells differentiated into neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes in the brainstem, midbrain and thalamus of the transplanted mice and significantly improved sensorimotor function and prolonged life span compared to vehicle-treated 4L;C* mice. VLA4+NPC transplantation significantly decreased levels of CD68 and glial fibrillary acidic protein, as well as TNFα mRNA levels in the brain, indicating reduced neuroinflammation. Furthermore, decreased Fluoro-Jade C and NeuroSilver staining suggested inhibition of neurodegeneration. VLA4+NPC-engrafted 4L;C* midbrains showed 35% increased GCase activity, reduced substrate [glucosylceramide (GC, -34%) and glucosylsphingosine (GS, -11%)] levels and improved mitochondrial oxygen consumption rates in comparison to vehicle-4L;C* mice. VLA4+NPC engraftment in 4L;C* brain also led to enhanced expression of neurotrophic factors that have roles in neuronal survival and the promotion of neurogenesis. This study provides evidence that iPSC-derived NPC transplantation has efficacy in an nGD mouse model and provides proof of concept for autologous NPC therapy in nGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Peng
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Benjamin Liou
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Venette Inskeep
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Rachel Blackwood
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Christopher N Mayhew
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Gregory A Grabowski
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Ying Sun
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
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23
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Yokobori S, Sasaki K, Kanaya T, Igarashi Y, Nakae R, Onda H, Masuno T, Suda S, Sowa K, Nakajima M, Spurlock MS, Onn Chieng L, Hazel TG, Johe K, Gajavelli S, Fuse A, Bullock MR, Yokota H. Feasibility of Human Neural Stem Cell Transplantation for the Treatment of Acute Subdural Hematoma in a Rat Model: A Pilot Study. Front Neurol 2019; 10:82. [PMID: 30809187 PMCID: PMC6379455 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Human neural stem cells (hNSCs) transplantation in several brain injury models has established their therapeutic potential. However, the feasibility of hNSCs transplantation is still not clear for acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) brain injury that needs external decompression. Thus, the aim of this pilot study was to test feasibility using a rat ASDH decompression model with two clinically relevant transplantation methods. Two different methods, in situ stereotactic injection and hNSC-embedded matrix seating on the brain surface, were attempted. Athymic rats were randomized to uninjured or ASDH groups (F344/NJcl-rnu/rnu, n = 7-10/group). Animals in injury group were subjected to ASDH, and received decompressive craniectomy and 1-week after decompression surgery were transplanted with green fluorescent protein (GFP)-transduced hNSCs using one of two approaches. Histopathological examinations at 4 and 8 weeks showed that the GFP-positive hNSCs survived in injured brain tissue, extended neurite-like projections resembling neural dendrites. The in situ transplantation group had greater engraftment of hNSCs than matrix embedding approach. Immunohistochemistry with doublecortin, NeuN, and GFAP at 8 weeks after transplantation showed that transplanted hNSCs remained as immature neurons and did not differentiate toward to glial cell lines. Motor function was assessed with rotarod, compared to control group (n = 10). The latency to fall from the rotarod in hNSC in situ transplanted rats was significantly higher than in control rats (median, 113 s in hNSC vs. 69 s in control, P = 0.02). This study first demonstrates the robust engraftment of in situ transplanted hNSCs in a clinically-relevant ASDH decompression rat model. Further preclinical studies with longer study duration are warranted to verify the effectiveness of hNSC transplantation in amelioration of TBI induced deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoji Yokobori
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuma Sasaki
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kanaya
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Igarashi
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuta Nakae
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Onda
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Masuno
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Suda
- Department of Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kota Sowa
- Department of Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masataka Nakajima
- Department of Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Markus S. Spurlock
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Lee Onn Chieng
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | | | - Karl Johe
- Neuralstem, Inc., Germantown, MD, United States
| | - Shyam Gajavelli
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Akira Fuse
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M. Ross Bullock
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Hiroyuki Yokota
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
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Liao R, Chen Y, Cheng L, Fan L, Chen H, Wan Y, You Y, Zheng Y, Jiang L, Chen Z, Zhang X, Hu W. Histamine H1 Receptors in Neural Stem Cells Are Required for the Promotion of Neurogenesis Conferred by H3 Receptor Antagonism following Traumatic Brain Injury. Stem Cell Reports 2019; 12:532-544. [PMID: 30745032 PMCID: PMC6409425 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The neurological recovery following traumatic brain injury (TBI) is limited, largely due to a deficiency in neurogenesis. The present study explores the effects of histamine H3 receptor (H3R) antagonism on TBI and mechanisms related to neurogenesis. H3R antagonism or H3R gene knockout alleviated neurological injury in the late phase of TBI, and also promoted neuroblast differentiation to enhance neurogenesis through activation of the histaminergic system. Histamine H1 receptor, but not H2 receptor, in neural stem cells is shown to be essential for this promotion by using Hrh1fl/fl;NestinCreERT2 and Hrh2fl/fl;NestinCreERT2 mice. Moreover, increase in mature and functional neurons at the penumbra area conferred by H3R antagonism was abrogated in Hrh1fl/fl;NestinCreERT2 mice. Taken together, H3R antagonism provides neuroprotection against TBI in the late phase through the promotion of neurogenesis, and the H1 receptor in neural stem cells is required for this action. H3R may serve as a new target for clinical treatment of TBI. Histamine H3R antagonism provides neuroprotection against traumatic brain injury H3R antagonism promotes neuroblast differentiation to enhance neurogenesis H1R in NSCs is required for the promotion of neurogenesis H3R antagonism increases mature and functional neurons mediated by H1R in NSCs
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Affiliation(s)
- Rujia Liao
- Department of Pharmacology, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Youchao Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Li Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Lishi Fan
- Department of Pharmacology, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Han Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Yushan Wan
- Department of Pharmacology, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Yi You
- Department of Pharmacology, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Yanrong Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Xiangnan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China.
| | - Weiwei Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China; Pharmacy of Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China.
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25
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Li Q, Wang P, Huang C, Chen B, Liu J, Zhao M, Zhao J. N-Acetyl Serotonin Protects Neural Progenitor Cells Against Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis and Improves Neurogenesis in Adult Mouse Hippocampus Following Traumatic Brain Injury. J Mol Neurosci 2019; 67:574-588. [PMID: 30684239 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-019-01263-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, with primary mouse neural progenitor cells (NPCs), we investigated the neuroprotective effect of a tropomyosin-related kinase receptor B (TrkB) agonist, N-acetyl serotonin (NAS), against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced toxicity. We found that pre-incubation with NAS not only ameliorates H2O2-induced cell viability loss, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, and proliferative and migratory capacity impairments, but counteracts H2O2-triggered production of nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, pre-treatment with NAS was able to attenuate H2O2-induced apoptosis in NPCs, evidenced by the decreased percentage of apoptotic cells and altered expression of apoptosis-related factors. Furthermore, in differentiated NPCs, NAS improves H2O2-induced reduction in neurite growth. Mechanistic studies revealed that the protective effects of NAS in NPCs may be mediated by the TrkB/PI3K/Akt/ cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) signaling cascades. In a mouse traumatic brain injury (TBI) model, we found that systemic administration of 30 mg/kg NAS could improve hippocampal neurogenesis, manifested by the increased number of SOX-2-positive cells and increased expression of phosphorylated CREB in the dentate gyrus (DG) area. Treatment with NAS also ameliorates cognitive impairments caused by TBI, as assessed by Y-maze and contextual and cued fear conditioning tests. Taken together, these results provide valuable insights into the neuroprotective and neuroregenerative effects of NAS, suggesting it may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhi Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hainan General Hospital, 19 Xiuhua Road, Xiuying District, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hainan General Hospital, 19 Xiuhua Road, Xiuying District, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Chuixue Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hainan General Hospital, 19 Xiuhua Road, Xiuying District, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Baozhi Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hainan General Hospital, 19 Xiuhua Road, Xiuying District, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Jiabin Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingmei Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiannong Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hainan General Hospital, 19 Xiuhua Road, Xiuying District, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, China.
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26
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Duru LN, Quan Z, Qazi TJ, Qing H. Stem cells technology: a powerful tool behind new brain treatments. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2018; 8:1564-1591. [PMID: 29916013 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-018-0548-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell research has recently become a hot research topic in biomedical research due to the foreseen unlimited potential of stem cells in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. For many years, medicine has been facing intense challenges, such as an insufficient number of organ donations that is preventing clinicians to fulfill the increasing needs. To try and overcome this regrettable matter, research has been aiming at developing strategies to facilitate the in vitro culture and study of stem cells as a tool for tissue regeneration. Meanwhile, new developments in the microfluidics technology brought forward emerging cell culture applications that are currently allowing for a better chemical and physical control of cellular microenvironment. This review presents the latest developments in stem cell research that brought new therapies to the clinics and how the convergence of the microfluidics technology with stem cell research can have positive outcomes on the fields of regenerative medicine and high-throughput screening. These advances will bring new translational solutions for drug discovery and will upgrade in vitro cell culture to a new level of accuracy and performance. We hope this review will provide new insights into the understanding of new brain treatments from the perspective of stem cell technology especially regarding regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucienne N Duru
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenzhen Quan
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Talal Jamil Qazi
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Qing
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Separation and Analysis in Biomedical and Pharmaceuticals, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
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27
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Ma Y, Wang K, Pan J, Fan Z, Tian C, Deng X, Ma K, Xia X, Huang Y, Zheng JC. Induced neural progenitor cells abundantly secrete extracellular vesicles and promote the proliferation of neural progenitors via extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathways. Neurobiol Dis 2018; 124:322-334. [PMID: 30528256 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural stem/progenitor cells (NPCs) are known to have potent therapeutic effects in neurological disorders through the secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs). Despite the therapeutic potentials, the numbers of NPCs are limited in the brain, curbing the further use of EVs in the disease treatment. To overcome the limitation of NPC numbers, we used a three transcription factor (Brn2, Sox2, and Foxg1) somatic reprogramming approach to generate induced NPCs (iNPCs) from mouse fibroblasts and astrocytes. The resulting iNPCs released significantly higher numbers of EVs compared with wild-type NPCs (WT-NPCs). Furthermore, iNPCs-derived EVs (iNPC-EVs) promoted NPC function by increasing the proliferative potentials of WT-NPCs. Characterizations of EV contents through proteomics analysis revealed that iNPC-EVs contained higher levels of growth factor-associated proteins that were predicted to activate the down-stream extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways. As expected, the proliferative effects of iNPC-derived EVs on WT-NPCs can be blocked by an ERK pathway inhibitor. Our data suggest potent therapeutic effects of iNPC-derived EVs through the promotion of NPC proliferation, release of growth factors, and activation of ERK pathways. These studies will help develop highly efficient cell-free therapeutic strategies for the treatment of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhao Ma
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Kaizhe Wang
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Jiabin Pan
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Zhaohuan Fan
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Changhai Tian
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China; Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5930, USA
| | - Xiaobei Deng
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Kangmu Ma
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China; Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5930, USA
| | - Xiaohuan Xia
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Yunlong Huang
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China; Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5930, USA.
| | - Jialin C Zheng
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5930, USA; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5930, USA.
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28
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Sukhinich KK, Aleksandrova MA. Individual Peculiarities of the Development and Differentiation of Embryonic Neocortex Transplants in Intact Adult Mouse Brain. Bull Exp Biol Med 2018; 166:141-150. [PMID: 30417295 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-018-4303-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We studied individual peculiarities of the development and differentiation of allogeneic transplants of neocortical cells isolated from embryos at different stages of development in intact brain of adult mice. Despite standard transplantation technique, intraparenchymal grafts considerably varied in size, morphology, and structural organization. The cells in the transplants developing inside the brain ventricles of the recipient formed histotypical structures resembling organoids. Transplants of each age group (12.5, 14.5, and 19.5 days) demonstrated individual peculiarities of cell migration, differentiation, and fiber growth. Only from cells of 12.5-day transplants formed spiny pyramidal neurons typical of V layer of the cerebral cortex. Differentiation of catecholaminergic neurons untypical of brain cortex was observed only in 14.5-day transplants. In few transplants of each age group, extensive cell migration from the transplant was observed. In some transplants, dense astrocyte accumulation was seen. In all cases (n=52), the response of the recipient's glia to the transplant was observed, but formation of an extensive glial barrier was noted only in one case. Our findings suggest that the entire range of the results determined by individual peculiarities of the transplant growth and recipient's response should be thoroughly realized when introducing the methods of neurotransplantation into regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- K K Sukhinich
- N. K. Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
| | - M A Aleksandrova
- N. K. Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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29
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Zibara K, Ballout N, Mondello S, Karnib N, Ramadan N, Omais S, Nabbouh A, Caliz D, Clavijo A, Hu Z, Ghanem N, Gajavelli S, Kobeissy F. Combination of drug and stem cells neurotherapy: Potential interventions in neurotrauma and traumatic brain injury. Neuropharmacology 2018; 145:177-198. [PMID: 30267729 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been recognized as one of the major public health issues that leads to devastating neurological disability. As a consequence of primary and secondary injury phases, neuronal loss following brain trauma leads to pathophysiological alterations on the molecular and cellular levels that severely impact the neuropsycho-behavioral and motor outcomes. Thus, to mitigate the neuropathological sequelae post-TBI such as cerebral edema, inflammation and neural degeneration, several neurotherapeutic options have been investigated including drug intervention, stem cell use and combinational therapies. These treatments aim to ameliorate cellular degeneration, motor decline, cognitive and behavioral deficits. Recently, the use of neural stem cells (NSCs) coupled with selective drug therapy has emerged as an alternative treatment option for neural regeneration and behavioral rehabilitation post-neural injury. Given their neuroprotective abilities, NSC-based neurotherapy has been widely investigated and well-reported in numerous disease models, notably in trauma studies. In this review, we will elaborate on current updates in cell replacement therapy in the area of neurotrauma. In addition, we will discuss novel combination drug therapy treatments that have been investigated in conjunction with stem cells to overcome the limitations associated with stem cell transplantation. Understanding the regenerative capacities of stem cell and drug combination therapy will help improve functional recovery and brain repair post-TBI. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled "Novel Treatments for Traumatic Brain Injury".
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazem Zibara
- ER045, Laboratory of Stem Cells, PRASE, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon; Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nissrine Ballout
- ER045, Laboratory of Stem Cells, PRASE, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Stefania Mondello
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Nabil Karnib
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Naify Ramadan
- Department of Women's and Children's Health (KBH), Division of Clinical Pediatrics, Karolinska Institute, Sweden
| | - Saad Omais
- Department of Biology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ali Nabbouh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Daniela Caliz
- Lois Pope LIFE Center, Neurosurgery, University of Miami, 33136, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Angelica Clavijo
- Lois Pope LIFE Center, Neurosurgery, University of Miami, 33136, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Zhen Hu
- Lois Pope LIFE Center, Neurosurgery, University of Miami, 33136, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Noël Ghanem
- Department of Biology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Shyam Gajavelli
- Lois Pope LIFE Center, Neurosurgery, University of Miami, 33136, Miami, FL, USA.
| | - Firas Kobeissy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon; Program for Neurotrauma, Neuroproteomics & Biomarkers Research, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
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30
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Adams KV, Morshead CM. Neural stem cell heterogeneity in the mammalian forebrain. Prog Neurobiol 2018; 170:2-36. [PMID: 29902499 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The brain was long considered an organ that underwent very little change after development. It is now well established that the mammalian central nervous system contains neural stem cells that generate progeny that are capable of making new neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes throughout life. The field has advanced rapidly as it strives to understand the basic biology of these precursor cells, and explore their potential to promote brain repair. The purpose of this review is to present current knowledge about the diversity of neural stem cells in vitro and in vivo, and highlight distinctions between neural stem cell populations, throughout development, and within the niche. A comprehensive understanding of neural stem cell heterogeneity will provide insights into the cellular and molecular regulation of neural development and lifelong neurogenesis, and will guide the development of novel strategies to promote regeneration and neural repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey V Adams
- Institute of Medical Science, Terrence Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto ON, M5S 3E2, Canada.
| | - Cindi M Morshead
- Institute of Medical Science, Terrence Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto ON, M5S 3E2, Canada; Department of Surgery, Division of Anatomy, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, Canada; Rehabilitation Science Institute, University of Toronto, Canada.
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31
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Lv J, Shao Y, Gao Y. Activation of A 1 and A 2a adenosine receptors promotes neural progenitor cell proliferation. Brain Res 2018; 1686:65-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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32
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Lin GQ, He XF, Liang FY, Guo Y, Sunnassee G, Chen J, Cao XM, Chen YY, Pan GJ, Pei Z, Tan S. Transplanted human neural precursor cells integrate into the host neural circuit and ameliorate neurological deficits in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury. Neurosci Lett 2018; 674:11-17. [PMID: 29501684 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.02.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is to date one of the major critical conditions causing death and disability worldwide. Exogenous neural stem/precursor cells (NSCs/NPCs) hold great promise for improving neurological dysfunction, but their functional properties in vivo remain unknown. Human neural precursor cells (hNPCs) carrying one fluorescent reporter gene (DsRed) can be observed directly in vivo using two-photon laser-scanning microscope. Therefore, we evaluated the neural integration and potential therapeutic effect of hNPCs on mice with TBI. Behavioral tests were performed by rotarod task and Morris Water Maze task. Neural integration was detected by fluorometric Ca2+ imaging and nerve tracing. We found that motor and cognition functions were significantly improved in mice with hNPCs injection compared to mice with vehicle treatment, and hNPCs integrated into the host circuit and differentiated toward neuronal lineage. Our study provided reliable evidence for further hNPCs transplantation in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Qing Lin
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; The Cadre Ward in Department of Neurology, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiao-Fei He
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, SunYat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng-Yin Liang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, SunYat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Guo
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gavin Sunnassee
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Min Cao
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Yi Chen
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guang-Jin Pan
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhong Pei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, SunYat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Sheng Tan
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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33
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Wang Y, Pati S, Schreiber M. Cellular therapies and stem cell applications in trauma. Am J Surg 2018; 215:963-972. [PMID: 29502858 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the leading cause of mortality in the United States, trauma management have improved drastically over the past few decades with improved resuscitation and hemorrhage control. Stem cells are being used in an attempt to augment healing from trauma. DATA SOURCES PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched for published and registered pre-clinical and clinical trials for the application of stem cells to AKI, ARDS, shock, infection, TBI, wound healing, and bone healing. CONCLUSIONS Stem cell therapy for augmentation of healing traumatic injuries appears safe, as demonstrated by completed phase I/II trials. Further large scale studies are needed to assess the clinical efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Wang
- Oregon Health and Science University, Department of Trauma, Surgical Critical Care, and Acute Care Surgery, USA.
| | - Shibani Pati
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Laboratory Medicine, USA
| | - Martin Schreiber
- Oregon Health and Science University, Department of Trauma, Surgical Critical Care, and Acute Care Surgery, USA
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34
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Implantation of Neuronal Stem Cells Enhances Object Recognition without Increasing Neurogenesis after Lateral Fluid Percussion Injury in Mice. Stem Cells Int 2018. [PMID: 29531536 PMCID: PMC5818962 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4209821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive deficits after traumatic brain injury (TBI) are debilitating and contribute to the morbidity and loss of productivity of over 10 million people worldwide. Cell transplantation has been linked to enhanced cognitive function after experimental traumatic brain injury, yet the mechanism of recovery is poorly understood. Since the hippocampus is a critical structure for learning and memory, supports adult neurogenesis, and is particularly vulnerable after TBI, we hypothesized that stem cell transplantation after TBI enhances cognitive recovery by modulation of endogenous hippocampal neurogenesis. We performed lateral fluid percussion injury (LFPI) in adult mice and transplanted embryonic stem cell-derived neural progenitor cells (NPC). Our data confirm an injury-induced cognitive deficit in novel object recognition, a hippocampal-dependent learning task, which is reversed one week after NPC transplantation. While LFPI alone promotes hippocampal neurogenesis, as revealed by doublecortin immunolabeling of immature neurons, subsequent NPC transplantation prevents increased neurogenesis and is not associated with morphological maturation of endogenous injury-induced immature neurons. Thus, NPC transplantation enhances cognitive recovery early after LFPI without a concomitant increase in neuron numbers or maturation.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global public health concern, with limited treatment options available. Despite improving survival rate after TBI, treatment is lacking for brain functional recovery and structural repair in clinic. Recent studies have suggested that the mature brain harbors neural stem cells which have regenerative capacity following brain insults. Much progress has been made in preclinical TBI model studies in understanding the behaviors, functions, and regulatory mechanisms of neural stem cells in the injured brain. Different strategies targeting these cell population have been assessed in TBI models. In parallel, cell transplantation strategy using a wide range of stem cells has been explored for TBI treatment in pre-clinical studies and some in clinical trials. This review summarized strategies which have been explored to enhance endogenous neural stem cell-mediated regeneration and recent development in cell transplantation studies for post-TBI brain repair. RECENT FINDINGS Thus far, neural regeneration through neural stem cells either by modulating endogenous neural stem cells or by stem cell transplantation has attracted much attention. It is highly speculated that targeting neural stem cells could be a potential strategy to repair and regenerate the injured brain. Neuroprotection and neuroregeneration are major aspects for TBI therapeutic development. With technique advancement, it is hoped that stem cell-based therapy targeting neuroregeneration will be able to translate to clinic in not so far future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Weston
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, P.O.Box 980709, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, P.O.Box 980709, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.
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36
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Yan Y, Kong L, Xia Y, Liang W, Wang L, Song J, Yao Y, Lin Y, Yang J. Osthole promotes endogenous neural stem cell proliferation and improved neurological function through Notch signaling pathway in mice acute mechanical brain injury. Brain Behav Immun 2018; 67:118-129. [PMID: 28823624 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanical brain injury (MBI) is a common neurotrosis disorder of the central nervous system (CNS), which has a higher mortality and disability. In the case of MBI, neurons death leads to loss of nerve function. To date, there was no satisfactory way to restore neural deficits caused by MBI. Endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) can proliferate, differentiate and migrate to the lesions after brain injury, to replace and repair the damaged neural cells in the subventricular zone (SVZ), hippocampus and the regions of brain injury. In the present study, we first prepared a mouse model of cortical stab wound brain injury. Using the immunohistochemical and hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining method, we demonstrated that osthole (Ost), a natural coumarin derivative, was capable of promoting the proliferation of endogenous NSCs and improving neuronal restoration. Then, using the Morris water maze (MWM) test, we revealed that Ost significantly improved the learning and memory function in the MBI mice, increased the number of neurons in the regions of brain injury, hippocampus DG and CA3 regions. Additionally, we found that Ost up-regulated the expression of self-renewal genes Notch 1 and Hes 1. However, when Notch activity was blocked by the γ-secretase inhibitor DAPT, the expression of Notch 1 and Hes 1 mRNA was down-regulated, augmentation of NICD and Hes 1 protein was ameliorated, the proliferation-inducing effect of Ost was abolished. These results suggested that the effects of Ost were at least in part mediated by activation of Notch signaling pathway. Our findings support that Ost is a potential drug for treating MBI due to its neuronal restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, PR China
| | - Liang Kong
- China First Mandarin Group Northeast International Hospital, Shenyang 110623, PR China
| | - Yang Xia
- Department of Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3LZ, UK
| | - Wenbo Liang
- School of Medicine, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, PR China
| | - Litong Wang
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116600, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Jie Song
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, PR China
| | - Yingjia Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, PR China
| | - Ying Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, PR China
| | - Jingxian Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, PR China.
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Xu L, Xing Q, Huang T, Zhou J, Liu T, Cui Y, Cheng T, Wang Y, Zhou X, Yang B, Yang GL, Zhang J, Zang X, Ma S, Guan F. HDAC1 Silence Promotes Neuroprotective Effects of Human Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Mouse Model of Traumatic Brain Injury via PI3K/AKT Pathway. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:498. [PMID: 30662396 PMCID: PMC6328439 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell transplantation is a promising therapy for traumatic brain injury (TBI), but low efficiency of survival and differentiation of transplanted stem cells limits its clinical application. Histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) plays important roles in self-renewal of stem cells as well as the recovery of brain disorders. However, little is known about the effects of HDAC1 on the survival and efficacy of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) in vivo. In this study, our results showed that HDAC1 silence promoted hUC-MSCs engraftment in the hippocampus and increased the neuroprotective effects of hUC-MSCs in TBI mouse model, which was accompanied by improved neurological function, enhanced neurogenesis, decreased neural apoptosis, and reduced oxidative stress in the hippocampus. Further mechanistic studies revealed that the expressions of phosphorylated PTEN (p-PTEN), phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt), and phosphorylated GSK-3β (p-GSK-3β) were upregulated. Intriguingly, the neuroprotective effects of hUC-MSCs with HDAC1 silence on behavioral performance of TBI mice was markedly attenuated by LY294002, an inhibitor of the PI3K/AKT pathway. Taken together, our findings suggest that hUC-MSCs transplantation with HDAC1 silence may provide a potential strategy for treating TBI in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qu Xing
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tuanjie Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiankang Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tengfei Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuanbo Cui
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Translational Medicine Center, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tian Cheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinkui Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bo Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | | | - Jiewen Zhang
- Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xingxing Zang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Shanshan Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Shanshan Ma Fangxia Guan
| | - Fangxia Guan
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Shanshan Ma Fangxia Guan
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Ghazale H, Ramadan N, Mantash S, Zibara K, El-Sitt S, Darwish H, Chamaa F, Boustany RM, Mondello S, Abou-Kheir W, Soueid J, Kobeissy F. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) enhances the therapeutic potential of neonatal neural stem cell transplantation post-Traumatic brain injury. Behav Brain Res 2017; 340:1-13. [PMID: 29126932 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability worldwide with 1.5 million people inflicted yearly. Several neurotherapeutic interventions have been proposed including drug administration as well as cellular therapy involving neural stem cells (NSCs). Among the proposed drugs is docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a polyunsaturated fatty acid, exhibiting neuroprotective properties. In this study, we utilized an innovative intervention of neonatal NSCs transplantation in combination with DHA injections in order to ameliorate brain damage and promote functional recovery in an experimental model of TBI. Thus, NSCs derived from the subventricular zone of neonatal pups were cultured into neurospheres and transplanted in the cortex of an experimentally controlled cortical impact mouse model of TBI. The effect of NSC transplantation was assessed alone and/or in combination with DHA administration. Motor deficits were evaluated using pole climbing and rotarod tests. Using immunohistochemistry, the effect of transplanted NSCs and DHA treatment was used to assess astrocytic (Glial fibrillary acidic protein, GFAP) and microglial (ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule-1, IBA-1) activity. In addition, we quantified neuroblasts (doublecortin; DCX) and dopaminergic neurons (tyrosine hydroxylase; TH) expression levels. Combined NSC transplantation and DHA injections significantly attenuated TBI-induced motor function deficits (pole climbing test), promoted neurogenesis, coupled with an increase in glial reactivity at the cortical site of injury. In addition, the number of tyrosine hydroxylase positive neurons was found to increase markedly in the ventral tegmental area and substantia nigra in the combination therapy group. Immunoblotting analysis indicated that DHA+NSCs treated animals showed decreased levels of 38kDa GFAP-BDP (breakdown product) and 145kDa αII-spectrin SBDP indicative of attenuated calpain/caspase activation. These data demonstrate that prior treatment with DHA may be a desirable strategy to improve the therapeutic efficacy of NSC transplantation in TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Ghazale
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon, Lebanon
| | - Naify Ramadan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon, Lebanon
| | - Sara Mantash
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon, Lebanon
| | - Kazem Zibara
- ER045, Laboratory of Stem Cells, DSST, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sally El-Sitt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon, Lebanon
| | - Hala Darwish
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon, Lebanon
| | - Farah Chamaa
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rose Mary Boustany
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon, Lebanon; American University of Beirut Medical Center Special Kids Clinic, Neurogenetics Program and Division of Pediatric Neurology, Departments of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Stefania Mondello
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, A.O.U. "Policlinico G. Martino", Via Consolare Valeria, Messina, 98125, Italy
| | - Wassim Abou-Kheir
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Jihane Soueid
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon, Lebanon.
| | - Firas Kobeissy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon, Lebanon; Department of Psychiatry, Center for Neuroproteomics and Biomarkers Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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39
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Lu P, Ceto S, Wang Y, Graham L, Wu D, Kumamaru H, Staufenberg E, Tuszynski MH. Prolonged human neural stem cell maturation supports recovery in injured rodent CNS. J Clin Invest 2017; 127:3287-3299. [PMID: 28825600 DOI: 10.1172/jci92955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) differentiate into both neurons and glia, and strategies using human NSCs have the potential to restore function following spinal cord injury (SCI). However, the time period of maturation for human NSCs in adult injured CNS is not well defined, posing fundamental questions about the design and implementation of NSC-based therapies. This work assessed human H9 NSCs that were implanted into sites of SCI in immunodeficient rats over a period of 1.5 years. Notably, grafts showed evidence of continued maturation over the entire assessment period. Markers of neuronal maturity were first expressed 3 months after grafting. However, neurogenesis, neuronal pruning, and neuronal enlargement continued over the next year, while total graft size remained stable over time. Axons emerged early from grafts in very high numbers, and half of these projections persisted by 1.5 years. Mature astrocyte markers first appeared after 6 months, while more mature oligodendrocyte markers were not present until 1 year after grafting. Astrocytes slowly migrated from grafts. Notably, functional recovery began more than 1 year after grafting. Thus, human NSCs retain an intrinsic human rate of maturation, despite implantation into the injured rodent spinal cord, yet they support delayed functional recovery, a finding of great importance in planning human clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Lu
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA.,Department of Neurosciences and
| | - Steven Ceto
- Department of Neurosciences and.,Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | | | - Di Wu
- Department of Neurosciences and
| | | | | | - Mark H Tuszynski
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA.,Department of Neurosciences and
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40
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Galgano M, Toshkezi G, Qiu X, Russell T, Chin L, Zhao LR. Traumatic Brain Injury: Current Treatment Strategies and Future Endeavors. Cell Transplant 2017; 26:1118-1130. [PMID: 28933211 PMCID: PMC5657730 DOI: 10.1177/0963689717714102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 308] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) presents in various forms ranging from mild alterations of consciousness to an unrelenting comatose state and death. In the most severe form of TBI, the entirety of the brain is affected by a diffuse type of injury and swelling. Treatment modalities vary extensively based on the severity of the injury and range from daily cognitive therapy sessions to radical surgery such as bilateral decompressive craniectomies. Guidelines have been set forth regarding the optimal management of TBI, but they must be taken in context of the situation and cannot be used in every individual circumstance. In this review article, we have summarized the current status of treatment for TBI in both clinical practice and basic research. We have put forth a brief overview of the various subtypes of traumatic injuries, optimal medical management, and both the noninvasive and invasive monitoring modalities, in addition to the surgical interventions necessary in particular instances. We have overviewed the main achievements in searching for therapeutic strategies of TBI in basic science. We have also discussed the future direction for developing TBI treatment from an experimental perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Galgano
- Department of Neurosurgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Gentian Toshkezi
- Department of Neurosurgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Xuecheng Qiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
- VA Health Care Upstate New York, Syracuse VA Medical Center, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Thomas Russell
- Department of Neurosurgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Lawrence Chin
- Department of Neurosurgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Li-Ru Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
- VA Health Care Upstate New York, Syracuse VA Medical Center, Syracuse, NY, USA
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41
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Sick T, Wasserman J, Bregy A, Sick J, Dietrich WD, Bramlett HM. Increased Expression of Epileptiform Spike/Wave Discharges One Year after Mild, Moderate, or Severe Fluid Percussion Brain Injury in Rats. J Neurotrauma 2017; 34:2467-2474. [PMID: 28388862 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2016.4826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we describe increased expression of cortical epileptiform spike/wave discharges (SWD) in rats one year after mild, moderate, or severe fluid percussion traumatic brain injury (fpTBI). Groups of rats consisted of animals that had received mild, moderate, or severe fpTBI, or sham operation one year earlier than electrocorticography (ECoG) recordings. In addition, we included a group of age-matched naïve animals. ECoG was recorded from awake animals using epidural electrodes implanted on the injured hemisphere (right), sham-operated hemisphere (right), or right hemisphere in naïve animals. The SWDs were detected automatically using Fast Fourier Transformation and a novel algorithm for comparing changes in spectral power to control (nonepileptical) ECoG. The fpTBI resulted in increased expression of SWDs one year after injury compared with sham-operated or naïve animals. The number of SWD-containing ECoG epochs recorded in a 1 h recording session were: naïve 12.9 ± 10.3, n = 8, sham 23.6 ± 8.2, n = 10, mild TBI 78.9 ± 23.9, n = 10, moderate TBI 61.3 ± 32.5, n = 12, severe TBI 72.5 ± 28.3, n = 11 (mean ± standard error of the mean). Increased expression of SWDs was not related to injury severity. SWDs were observed to a lesser extent even in sham-operated and naïve animals. The data indicate that fpTBI exacerbates expression of SWDs in the rat and that this increase may be observed at least one year after injury. As others have discussed, the spontaneous occurrence of these epileptiform events in rodents limits the use of this model for investigations of acquired epilepsy, at least of the nonconvulsive type, after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Sick
- 1 The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida
- 2 Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida
- 3 Department of Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida
| | - Joseph Wasserman
- 1 The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida
| | - Amade Bregy
- 1 The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida
| | - Justin Sick
- 1 The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida
| | - W Dalton Dietrich
- 1 The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida
- 2 Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida
- 3 Department of Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida
- 4 Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida
| | - Helen M Bramlett
- 1 The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida
- 2 Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida
- 3 Department of Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida
- 4 Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida
- 5 Bruce W. Carter Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Miami, Florida
- 6 Center for Computational Science, University of Miami , Miami, Florida
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Pearn ML, Niesman IR, Egawa J, Sawada A, Almenar-Queralt A, Shah SB, Duckworth JL, Head BP. Pathophysiology Associated with Traumatic Brain Injury: Current Treatments and Potential Novel Therapeutics. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2017; 37:571-585. [PMID: 27383839 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-016-0400-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of death of young people in the developed world. In the United States alone, 1.7 million traumatic events occur annually accounting for 50,000 deaths. The etiology of TBI includes traffic accidents, falls, gunshot wounds, sports, and combat-related events. TBI severity ranges from mild to severe. TBI can induce subtle changes in molecular signaling, alterations in cellular structure and function, and/or primary tissue injury, such as contusion, hemorrhage, and diffuse axonal injury. TBI results in blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage and leakage, which allows for increased extravasation of immune cells (i.e., increased neuroinflammation). BBB dysfunction and impaired homeostasis contribute to secondary injury that occurs from hours to days to months after the initial trauma. This delayed nature of the secondary injury suggests a potential therapeutic window. The focus of this article is on the (1) pathophysiology of TBI and (2) potential therapies that include biologics (stem cells, gene therapy, peptides), pharmacological (anti-inflammatory, antiepileptic, progrowth), and noninvasive (exercise, transcranial magnetic stimulation). In final, the review briefly discusses membrane/lipid rafts (MLR) and the MLR-associated protein caveolin (Cav). Interventions that increase Cav-1, MLR formation, and MLR recruitment of growth-promoting signaling components may augment the efficacy of pharmacologic agents or already existing endogenous neurotransmitters and neurotrophins that converge upon progrowth signaling cascades resulting in improved neuronal function after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L Pearn
- Department of Anesthesiology, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, VA Medical Center 125, University of California, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA, 92161-5085, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Ingrid R Niesman
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Junji Egawa
- Department of Anesthesiology, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, VA Medical Center 125, University of California, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA, 92161-5085, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Atsushi Sawada
- Department of Anesthesiology, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, VA Medical Center 125, University of California, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA, 92161-5085, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Angels Almenar-Queralt
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Sameer B Shah
- UCSD Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Bioengineering, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Josh L Duckworth
- Department of Neurology, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Brian P Head
- Department of Anesthesiology, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, VA Medical Center 125, University of California, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA, 92161-5085, USA.
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.
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Spurlock MS, Ahmed AI, Rivera KN, Yokobori S, Lee SW, Sam PN, Shear DA, Hefferan MP, Hazel TG, Johe KK, Gajavelli S, Tortella FC, Bullock RM. Amelioration of Penetrating Ballistic-Like Brain Injury Induced Cognitive Deficits after Neuronal Differentiation of Transplanted Human Neural Stem Cells. J Neurotrauma 2017; 34:1981-1995. [PMID: 28249550 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2016.4602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Penetrating traumatic brain injury (PTBI) is one of the major cause of death and disability worldwide. Previous studies with penetrating ballistic-like brain injury (PBBI), a PTBI rat model revealed widespread perilesional neurodegeneration, similar to that seen in humans following gunshot wound to the head, which is unmitigated by any available therapies to date. Therefore, we evaluated human neural stem cell (hNSC) engraftment to putatively exploit the potential of cell therapy that has been seen in other central nervous system injury models. Toward this objective, green fluorescent protein (GFP) labeled hNSC (400,000 per animal) were transplanted in immunosuppressed Sprague-Dawley (SD), Fisher, and athymic (ATN) PBBI rats 1 week after injury. Tacrolimus (3 mg/kg 2 days prior to transplantation, then 1 mg/kg/day), methylprednisolone (10 mg/kg on the day of transplant, 1 mg/kg/week thereafter), and mycophenolate mofetil (30 mg/kg/day) for 7 days following transplantation were used to confer immunosuppression. Engraftment in SD and ATN was comparable at 8 weeks post-transplantation. Evaluation of hNSC differentiation and distribution revealed increased neuronal differentiation of transplanted cells with time. At 16 weeks post-transplantation, neither cell proliferation nor glial lineage markers were detected. Transplanted cell morphology was similar to that of neighboring host neurons, and there was relatively little migration of cells from the peritransplant site. By 16 weeks, GFP-positive processes extended both rostrocaudally and bilaterally into parenchyma, spreading along host white matter tracts, traversing the internal capsule, and extending ∼13 mm caudally from transplantation site reaching into the brainstem. In a Morris water maze test at 8 weeks post-transplantation, animals with transplants had shorter latency to platform than vehicle-treated animals. However, weak injury-induced cognitive deficits in the control group at the delayed time point confounded benefits of durable engraftment and neuronal differentiation. Therefore, these results justify further studies to progress towards clinical translation of hNSC therapy for PTBI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Deborah A Shear
- 2 Branch of Brain Trauma Neuroprotection and Neurorestoration, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research , Silver Spring, Maryland
| | | | | | | | | | - Frank C Tortella
- 2 Branch of Brain Trauma Neuroprotection and Neurorestoration, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research , Silver Spring, Maryland
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The neuroprotective compound P7C3-A20 promotes neurogenesis and improves cognitive function after ischemic stroke. Exp Neurol 2017; 290:63-73. [PMID: 28077334 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a devastating condition with few therapeutic interventions available. The neuroprotective compound P7C3-A20 inhibits mature neuronal cell death while also increasing the net magnitude of postnatal neurogenesis in models of neurodegeneration and acute injury. P7C3 compounds enhance flux of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) in mammalian cells, a proposed therapeutic approach to treating cerebral ischemia. The effectiveness of P7C3-A20 treatment on chronic histopathological and behavioral outcomes and neurogenesis after ischemic stroke has not previously been established. Here, a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats was followed by twice daily injection of P7C3-A20 or vehicle for 7days. P7C3-A20-treated rats performed significantly better than vehicle-treated controls in sensorimotor cylinder and grid-walk tasks, and in a chronic test of spatial learning and memory. These behavioral improvements with P7C3-A20 treatment were correlated with significantly decreased cortical and hippocampal atrophy, and associated with increased neurogenesis in the subventricular zone and hippocampal dentate gyrus subgranular zone. Furthermore, cerebral ischemia significantly reduced NAD in the cortex but P7C3-A20 treatment restored NAD to sham levels. Thus, P7C3-A20 treatment mitigates neurodegeneration and augments repair in the brain after focal ischemia, which translates into chronic behavioral improvement. This suggests a new therapeutic approach of using P7C3 compounds to safely augment NAD and thereby promote two independent processes critical to protecting the brain from ischemic stroke: mature neuron survival and postnatal neurogenesis throughout the post-ischemic brain.
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45
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Lu J, Yao XQ, Luo X, Wang Y, Chung SK, Tang HX, Cheung CW, Wang XY, Meng C, Li Q. Monosialoganglioside 1 may alleviate neurotoxicity induced by propofol combined with remifentanil in neural stem cells. Neural Regen Res 2017; 12:945-952. [PMID: 28761428 PMCID: PMC5514870 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.208589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Monosialoganglioside 1 (GM1) is the main ganglioside subtype and has neuroprotective properties in the central nervous system. In this study, we aimed to determine whether GM1 alleviates neurotoxicity induced by moderate and high concentrations of propofol combined with remifentanil in the immature central nervous system. Hippocampal neural stem cells were isolated from newborn Sprague-Dawley rats and treated with remifentanil (5, 10, 20 ng/mL) and propofol (1.0, 2.5, 5.0 μg/mL), and/or GM1 (12.5, 25, 50 μg/mL). GM1 reversed combined propofol and remifentanil-induced decreases in the percentage of 5-bromodeoxyuridine(+) cells and also reversed the increase in apoptotic cell percentage during neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation. However, GM1 with combined propofol and remifentanil did not affect β-tubulin(+) or glial fibrillary acidic protein(+) cell percentage during neural stem cell differentiation. In conclusion, we show that GM1 alleviates the damaging effects of propofol combined with remifentanil at moderate and high exposure concentrations in neural stem cells in vitro, and exerts protective effects on the immature central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Lu
- Anesthesiology Research Institute of Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xue-Qin Yao
- Anesthesiology Research Institute of Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xin Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.,Laboratory and Clinical Research Institute for Pain, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Sookja Kim Chung
- Department of Anatomy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - He-Xin Tang
- Anesthesiology Research Institute of Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Chi Wai Cheung
- Anesthesiology Research Institute of Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.,Laboratory and Clinical Research Institute for Pain, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Xian-Yu Wang
- Anesthesiology Research Institute of Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Chen Meng
- Anesthesiology Research Institute of Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qing Li
- Anesthesiology Research Institute of Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, China
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Mishra SK, Khushu S, Gangenahalli G. Biological effects of iron oxide-protamine sulfate complex on mesenchymal stem cells and its relaxometry based labeling optimization for cellular MRI. Exp Cell Res 2016; 351:59-67. [PMID: 28040490 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are frequently used as a therapeutic, but reliable imaging technique to longitudinally evaluate the engraftment of transplanted cells is inadequate. For magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), it is essential to understand the technical competence of in vitro stem cells labeling with iron oxide with regard to its relaxation behavior and significance of its biological expressions. The purpose of the study was to optimize the effective labeling of MSCs with high transverse relaxivity iron oxide contrast agent with protamine sulfate and also evaluate the biological effects (phenotype and function) of labeled MSCs. Our results demonstrated that 50:3µg/ml of Fe-Pro complex containing 10% serum at an incubation time of 6h were ideal for effective in vitro labeling. Relaxometry study demonstrated that almost an 8-fold increase in relaxation rate (R2) was observed in labeled MSCs by comparing with unlabeled. Marginal alteration in Oct4 and CD146 genes, and phenotypic CD45 expressions were detected after labeling. T2-weighted images and histological analysis confirmed the homing of transplanted cells to the site of injury. The relaxometry based optimized labeling method of MSCs could be extrapolated for cellular MRI and may be useful in stem cell tracking in various pre-clinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushanta Kumar Mishra
- NMR Research Centre, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), DRDO, Delhi-54, India; Division of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Research, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), DRDO, Delhi-54, India
| | - Subash Khushu
- NMR Research Centre, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), DRDO, Delhi-54, India.
| | - Gurudutta Gangenahalli
- Division of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Research, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), DRDO, Delhi-54, India.
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Mishra SK, Rana P, Khushu S, Gangenahalli G. Therapeutic Prospective of Infused Allogenic Cultured Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Traumatic Brain Injury Mice: A Longitudinal Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Assessment. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 6:316-329. [PMID: 28170180 PMCID: PMC5442758 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2016-0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Improved therapeutic assessment of experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI), using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), would immensely benefit its therapeutic management. Neurometabolite patterns at injury site, measured with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H‐MRS) after MSCs transplantation, may serve as a bio‐indicator of the recovery mechanism. This study used in vivo magnetic resonance imaging and 1H‐MRS to evaluate the therapeutic prospects of implanted MSCs at injury site in experimental mice longitudinally up to 21 days. Negative tissue contrast and cytotoxic edema formation were observed in susceptibility‐based contrast (T2*) and an apparent diffusion coefficient map, respectively. Lesion site showed decreased N‐acetylaspartate, total choline, myo‐inositol, total creatine, glutamate‐glutamine complex, and taurine neurometabolic concentrations by 1H‐MRS investigation. There was a considerable decrease in locomotor activity, depression index, and cognitive index after TBI. It may, therefore, be inferred that MSC transplantation prompted recovery by decreasing negative signals and edema, restoring metabolites to baseline concentrations, and enhancing behavioral activity. Overall findings support the potential of MSC transplantation for the enhancement of endogenous neuroprotective responses, which may provide future clinical applications for translating laboratory research into therapeutic clinical advances. Stem Cells Translational Medicine2017;6:316–329
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushanta Kumar Mishra
- NMR Research Centre, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Defense Research and Development Organisation, Timarpur, Delhi, India
- Division of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Research, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organisation, Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Poonam Rana
- NMR Research Centre, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Defense Research and Development Organisation, Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Subash Khushu
- NMR Research Centre, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Defense Research and Development Organisation, Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Gurudutta Gangenahalli
- Division of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Research, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organisation, Timarpur, Delhi, India
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Zhang F, Qian X, Qin C, Lin Y, Wu H, Chang L, Luo C, Zhu D. Phosphofructokinase-1 Negatively Regulates Neurogenesis from Neural Stem Cells. Neurosci Bull 2016; 32:205-16. [PMID: 27146165 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-016-0032-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1), a major regulatory glycolytic enzyme, has been implicated in the functions of astrocytes and neurons. Here, we report that PFK-1 negatively regulates neurogenesis from neural stem cells (NSCs) by targeting pro-neural transcriptional factors. Using in vitro assays, we found that PFK-1 knockdown enhanced, and PFK-1 overexpression inhibited the neuronal differentiation of NSCs, which was consistent with the findings from NSCs subjected to 5 h of hypoxia. Meanwhile, the neurogenesis induced by PFK-1 knockdown was attributed to the increased proliferation of neural progenitors and the commitment of NSCs to the neuronal lineage. Similarly, in vivo knockdown of PFK-1 also increased neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. Finally, we demonstrated that the neurogenesis mediated by PFK-1 was likely achieved by targeting mammalian achaete-scute homologue-1 (Mash 1), neuronal differentiation factor (NeuroD), and sex-determining region Y (SRY)-related HMG box 2 (Sox2). All together, our results reveal PFK-1 as an important regulator of neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyun Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xiaodan Qian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Cheng Qin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yuhui Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Haiyin Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Lei Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Chunxia Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.,Institute of Stem Cells and Neuroregeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.,Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Dongya Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China. .,Institute of Stem Cells and Neuroregeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China. .,Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China. .,Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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49
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Sun D. The potential of neural transplantation for brain repair and regeneration following traumatic brain injury. Neural Regen Res 2016; 11:18-22. [PMID: 26981070 PMCID: PMC4774215 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.169605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury is a major health problem worldwide. Currently, there is no effective treatment to improve neural structural repair and functional recovery of patients in the clinic. Cell transplantation is a potential strategy to repair and regenerate the injured brain. This review article summarized recent development in cell transplantation studies for post-traumatic brain injury brain repair with varying types of cell sources. It also discussed the potential of neural transplantation to repair/promote recovery of the injured brain following traumatic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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50
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A(H1N1) vaccination recruits T lymphocytes to the choroid plexus for the promotion of hippocampal neurogenesis and working memory in pregnant mice. Brain Behav Immun 2016; 53:72-83. [PMID: 26576725 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that A(H1N1) influenza vaccine (AIV) promoted hippocampal neurogenesis and working memory in pregnant mice. However, the underlying mechanism of flu vaccination in neurogenesis and memory has remained unclear. In this study, we found that T lymphocytes were recruited from the periphery to the choroid plexus (CP) of the lateral and third (3rd) ventricles in pregnant mice vaccinated with AIV (Pre+AIV). Intracerebroventricular delivery of anti-TCR antibodies markedly decreased neurogenesis and the working memory of the Pre+AIV mice. Similarly, intravenous delivery of anti-CD4 antibodies to the periphery also down-regulated neurogenesis. Furthermore, AIV vaccination caused microglia to skew toward an M2-like phenotype (increased Arginase-1 and Ym1 mRNA levels), and elevated levels of brain-derived growth factor (BDNF) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) were found in the hippocampus, whereas these effects were offset by anti-TCR antibody treatment. Additionally, in the CP, the expression level of adhesion molecules and chemokines, which assist leukocytes in permeating into the brain, were also elevated after AIV vaccination of pregnant mice. Collectively, the results suggested that the infiltrative T lymphocytes in the CP contribute to the increase in hippocampal neurogenesis and working memory caused by flu vaccination, involving activation of the brain's CP, M2 microglial polarization and neurotrophic factor expression.
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