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Zhang S, Wang F, Yu Y, Jia Y, Sun B, Wang F. Procyanidin B2-3'- O-Gallate Derived from Grape Seed Polymeric Procyanidins via the Galloyl-Attached Nucleophilic Degradation as a Potential Hepatoprotective Agent. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:18918-18929. [PMID: 39140375 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
An effective method was developed for preparing galloylated procyanidins (GPCs) using galloyl-attached nucleophilic degradation. Under degradation conditions optimized through Box-Behnken design and single-factor experiments, two dimeric and three tetrameric GPCs were produced, with the yield of procyanidin B2-3'-O-gallate (B2-3'-G) reaching up to 232 mg/g (PPCs). The structure of B2-3'-G was identified by UV, FTIR, NMR, CD, MS, and phloroglucinolysis. Furthermore, the protective effect of B2-3'-G against alcohol-induced liver injury (ALI) was investigated. Compared with the parent compounds, B2-3'-G exhibited a stronger capacity for inhibiting ALI, attributed to its polymerization degree and galloyl group. Subsequent experiments revealed that the pretreatment of BRL-3A cells with B2-3'-G prior to ethanol improved ALI through activation of the Nrf2-HO-1/NQO1 pathway and initiation of enzymatic antioxidant systems. These findings suggest that GPC B2-3'-G is a potential hepatoprotective agent, which provides a new perspective for functional development of GPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Zhang
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Fei Wang
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
- Food Processing Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Yanxia Yu
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yuxing Jia
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Baoshan Sun
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
- Pólo Dois Portos, Instituto National de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P., Quinta da Almoinha, Dois Portos 2565-191, Portugal
| | - Fang Wang
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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2
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Peng J, Chen G, Guo S, Lin Z, Li J, Yang W, Xiao G, Wang Q. The Galloyl Group Enhances the Inhibitory Activity of Catechins against LPS-Triggered Inflammation in RAW264.7 Cells. Foods 2024; 13:2616. [PMID: 39200543 PMCID: PMC11353959 DOI: 10.3390/foods13162616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The galloyl group in catechins was confirmed to be crucial for their health benefits. However, whether the catechins' galloyl group had a contribution to their anti-inflammation remains unclear. This study investigated the anti-inflammation properties and mechanisms of catechins in RAW264.7 cells by using ELISA, fluorometry, flow cytometer, Western blot, and molecular docking. Results showed that the galloyl group enhanced the inhibitory abilities of catechins on inflammatory cytokines (NO, PGE2, IL-1β, and TNF-α) and ROS release in LPS-induced cells. This suppression was likely mediated by delaying cells from the G0/G1 to the S phase, blocking COX-2 and iNOS via the TLR4/MAPK/NF-κB pathway with PU.1 as an upstream target. The research proved that the existence of galloyl groups in catechins was indispensable for their anti-inflammatory capacities and offered a theoretical basis for the anti-inflammatory mechanism of galloylated catechins. Future research is needed to verify the anti-inflammatory effects of catechins in various sources of macrophages or the Caco-2/RAW264.7 cell co-culture system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Peng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Lingnan Specialty Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China; (J.P.); (Z.L.); (G.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Guangwei Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Lingnan Specialty Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China; (J.P.); (Z.L.); (G.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Shaoxin Guo
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Lingnan Specialty Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China; (J.P.); (Z.L.); (G.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Ziyuan Lin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Lingnan Specialty Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China; (J.P.); (Z.L.); (G.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Jun Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Lingnan Specialty Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China; (J.P.); (Z.L.); (G.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Wenhua Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Lingnan Specialty Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China; (J.P.); (Z.L.); (G.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Gengsheng Xiao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Lingnan Specialty Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China; (J.P.); (Z.L.); (G.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Lingnan Specialty Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China; (J.P.); (Z.L.); (G.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
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Munsch T, Malinowska MA, Unlubayir M, Ferrier M, Abdallah C, Gémin MP, Billet K, Lanoue A. Classification of grape seed residues from distillation industries in Europe according to the polyphenol composition highlights the influence of variety, geographical origin and color. Food Chem X 2024; 22:101362. [PMID: 38633739 PMCID: PMC11021364 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Grape seed residues represent the raw material to produce several value-added products including polyphenol-rich extracts with nutritional and health attributes. Although the impact of variety and environmental conditions on the polyphenol composition in fresh berries is recognized, no data are available regarding grape seed residues. The chemical composition of grape seed residues from wine distilleries in France, Spain and Italy was characterized by mass spectrometry. Forty-two metabolites were identified belonging to non-galloylated and galloylated procyanidins as well as amino acids. Polyphenol concentrations in the red varieties originated from Champagne or Veneto were twice higher than in white varieties from the Loire Valley. The chemical profiles of grape seed residues were mainly classified according to the color variety with galloylated procyanidins as biomarkers of white varieties and non-galloylated procyanidins as biomarkers of red ones. The present approach might assist the selection of grape seed residues as quality raw materials for the production of polyphenol-rich extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaut Munsch
- Université de Tours, EA 2106 « Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, 31 av. Monge, F37200 Tours, France
| | - Magdalena Anna Malinowska
- Université de Tours, EA 2106 « Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, 31 av. Monge, F37200 Tours, France
- Cracow University of Technology, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, 24 Warszawska St., 31-155 Cracow, Poland
| | - Marianne Unlubayir
- Université de Tours, EA 2106 « Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, 31 av. Monge, F37200 Tours, France
| | - Manon Ferrier
- Université de Tours, EA 2106 « Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, 31 av. Monge, F37200 Tours, France
| | - Cécile Abdallah
- Université de Tours, EA 2106 « Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, 31 av. Monge, F37200 Tours, France
| | - Marin-Pierre Gémin
- Université de Tours, EA 2106 « Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, 31 av. Monge, F37200 Tours, France
| | - Kévin Billet
- Université de Tours, EA 2106 « Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, 31 av. Monge, F37200 Tours, France
| | - Arnaud Lanoue
- Université de Tours, EA 2106 « Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, 31 av. Monge, F37200 Tours, France
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4
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Ahmad A, Koam ANA, Azeem M, Masmali I, Alharbi R. Edge based metric dimension of various coffee compounds. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0294932. [PMID: 38603666 PMCID: PMC11008893 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
An important dietary source of physiologically active compounds, coffee also contains phenolic acids, diterpenes, and caffeine. According to a certain study, some coffee secondary metabolites may advantageously modify a number of anti-cancer defense systems. This research looked at a few coffee chemical structures in terms of edge locating numbers or edge metric size to better understand the mechanics of coffee molecules. Additionally, this research includes graph theoretical properties of coffee chemical structures. The chemicals found in coffee, such as caffeine, diterpene or cafestol, kahweol, chlorogenic, caffeic, gallotannins, and ellagitannins, are especially examined in these publications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ahmad
- Department of Information Technology and Security, College of Computer Science and Information Technology, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali N. A. Koam
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Jazan University, New Campus, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Azeem
- Department of Mathematics, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ibtisam Masmali
- Department of Information Technology and Security, College of Computer Science and Information Technology, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehab Alharbi
- Department of Information Technology and Security, College of Computer Science and Information Technology, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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5
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Mendes TAD, Pascoal SCD, Estellita MCA, Lemos MVS, Santiago SL, Mendonça JS. Chemical analysis of n-propyl gallate used as pre-treatment for resin-dentin bond strength: In vitro study. Eur J Oral Sci 2024; 132:e12970. [PMID: 38173083 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of n-propyl gallate as pre-treatment for resin-dentin bond strength. The dentin pre-treatments evaluated included propyl gallate of concentrations 0.1% (w/v), 1.0% (w/v), and 10.0% (w/v), as well as glutaraldehyde 5.0% (v/v), and distilled water as a control treatment. Dentin specimens were prepared for Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) (n = 3/pre-treatment). Pre-treatments were actively applied to dentin blocks before performing the adhesive procedure to composite resin. Microtensile bond strength to dentin (μTBS) (n = 8/pre-treatment) was determined after 24 h and 6 months of storage. Data were submitted to a two-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey's post hoc test. As for FT-IR, propyl gallate 1%-treated specimens presented higher water, carbonate, collagen, and amide absorbance rates compared to other tested groups, while specimens pre-treated with glutaraldehyde and distilled water presented similar absorbance curves. Regarding μTBS, all concentrations of propyl gallate resulted in statistically significant higher bond strength values than distilled water at 24 h. After 6 months of storage, propyl gallate 0.1% was the only group that maintained μTBS over time. Propyl gallate 0.1% might be a suitable dentinal pre-treatment due to being able to present chemical bonds with demineralized dentin and providing resin-dentin bond stability after 6 months of storage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sérgio Lima Santiago
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil
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6
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Bermúdez-Bazán M, Estarrón-Espinosa M, Castillo-Herrera GA, Escobedo-Reyes A, Urias-Silvas JE, Lugo-Cervantes E, Gschaedler-Mathis A. Agave angustifolia Haw. Leaves as a Potential Source of Bioactive Compounds: Extraction Optimization and Extract Characterization. Molecules 2024; 29:1137. [PMID: 38474649 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The leaves of Agave angustifolia Haw. are the main agro-waste generated by the mezcal industry and are becoming an important source of bioactive compounds, such as phenolic compounds, that could be used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Therefore, the extraction and identification of these phytochemicals would revalorize these leaf by-products. Herein, maceration and supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) extractions were optimized to maximize the phenolic and flavonoid contents and the antioxidant capacity of vegetal extracts of A. angustifolia Haw. In the maceration process, the optimal extraction condition was a water-ethanol mixture (63:37% v/v), which yielded a total phenolic and flavonoid content of 27.92 ± 0.90 mg EAG/g DL and 12.85 ± 0.53 µg QE/g DL, respectively, and an antioxidant capacity of 32.67 ± 0.91 (ABTS assay), 17.30 ± 0.36 (DPPH assay), and 13.92 ± 0.78 (FRAP assay) µM TE/g DL. Using supercritical extraction, the optimal conditions for polyphenol recovery were 60 °C, 320 bar, and 10% v/v. It was also observed that lower proportions of cosolvent decreased the polyphenol extraction more than pressure and temperature. In both optimized extracts, a total of 29 glycosylated flavonoid derivatives were identified using LC-ESI-QTof/MS. In addition, another eight novel compounds were identified in the supercritical extracts, showing the efficiency of the cosolvent for recovering new flavonoid derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misael Bermúdez-Bazán
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Unidad de Tecnología Alimentaria, Camino Arenero 1227, El Bajío, Zapopan 45019, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Mirna Estarrón-Espinosa
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Unidad de Tecnología Alimentaria, Camino Arenero 1227, El Bajío, Zapopan 45019, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Gustavo Adolfo Castillo-Herrera
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Unidad de Tecnología Alimentaria, Camino Arenero 1227, El Bajío, Zapopan 45019, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Antonio Escobedo-Reyes
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Unidad de Servicios Analíticos y Metrológicos, Av. Normalistas No. 800, Guadalajara 44270, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Judith Esmeralda Urias-Silvas
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Unidad de Tecnología Alimentaria, Camino Arenero 1227, El Bajío, Zapopan 45019, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Eugenia Lugo-Cervantes
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Unidad de Tecnología Alimentaria, Camino Arenero 1227, El Bajío, Zapopan 45019, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Anne Gschaedler-Mathis
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Unidad de Biotecnología Industrial, Camino Arenero 1227, El Bajío, Zapopan 45019, Jalisco, Mexico
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7
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Bogoyavlenskiy A, Zaitseva I, Alexyuk P, Alexyuk M, Omirtaeva E, Manakbayeva A, Moldakhanov Y, Anarkulova E, Imangazy A, Berezin V, Korulkin D, Hasan AH, Noamaan M, Jamalis J. Naturally Occurring Isorhamnetin Glycosides as Potential Agents Against Influenza Viruses: Antiviral and Molecular Docking Studies. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:48499-48514. [PMID: 38144046 PMCID: PMC10734298 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Influenza remains one of the most widespread infections, causing an annual illness in adults and children. Therefore, the search for new antiviral drugs is one of the priorities of practical health care. Eight isorhamnetin glycosides were purified from Persicaria species, characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry and then evaluated as potential agents against influenza virus. A comprehensive in vitro and in vivo assessment of the compounds revealed that compound 5 displayed the most potent inhibitory activity with an EC50 value of 1.2-1.3 μM, better than standard drugs (isorhamnetin 28.0-56.0 μM and oseltamivir 1.3-9.1 μM). Molecular docking results also revealed that compound 5 has the lowest binding energy (-10.7 kcal/mol) among the tested compounds and isorhamnetin (-8.1 kcal/mol). The ability of the isorhamnetin glycosides to suppress the reproduction of the influenza virus was studied on a model of a cell culture and chicken embryos. The ability of active compounds to influence the structure of the virion, as well as the activity of hemagglutinin and neuraminidase, has been demonstrated. Compound 1, 5, and 6 demonstrated the most effective inhibition of virus replication for all tested viruses. Molecular dynamics simulation techniques were run for 100 ns for compound 5 with two protein receptors Hem (1RUY) and Neu (3BEQ). These results revealed that the Hem-complex system acquired a relatively more stable conformation and even better descriptors than the other Neu-complex studied systems, suggesting that it can be an effective inhibiting drug toward hemagglutinin than neuraminidase inhibition. Based on the reported results, compound 5 can be a good candidate to be evaluated for effectiveness in preclinical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Bogoyavlenskiy
- Research
and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
| | - Irina Zaitseva
- Research
and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
| | - Pavel Alexyuk
- Research
and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
| | - Madina Alexyuk
- Research
and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
| | - Elmira Omirtaeva
- Research
and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
| | - Adolat Manakbayeva
- Research
and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
| | - Yergali Moldakhanov
- Research
and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
| | - Elmira Anarkulova
- Research
and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
| | - Anar Imangazy
- Research
and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
| | - Vladimir Berezin
- Research
and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
| | - Dmitry Korulkin
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, al-Farabi
Kazakh National University, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
| | - Aso Hameed Hasan
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, University
of Garmian, Kalar, Kurdistan Region 46021, Iraq
| | - Mahmoud Noamaan
- Mathematics
Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Joazaizulfazli Jamalis
- Department
of Chemistry Faculty of Science, Universiti
Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Johor
Bahru, Johor 81310, Malaysia
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8
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Jing SX, Ferreira D, Pandey P, Klein LL, Chittiboyina AG, McAlpine JB, Lankin DC, Alania Y, Reis-Havlat M, Bedran-Russo AK, Chen SN, Pauli GF. Unprecedented Benzoquinone Motifs Reveal Post-Oligomerizational Modification of Proanthocyanidins. J Org Chem 2023; 88:13490-13503. [PMID: 37748101 PMCID: PMC10921432 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Proanthocyanidins (PACs) are complex flavan-3-ol polymers with stunning chemical complexity due to oxygenation patterns, oxidative phenolic ring linkages, and intricate stereochemistry of their heterocycles and inter-flavan linkages. Being promising candidates for dental restorative biomaterials, trace analysis of dentin bioactive cinnamon PACs now yielded novel trimeric (1 and 2) and tetrameric (3) PACs with unprecedented o- and p-benzoquinone motifs (benzoquinonoid PACs). Challenges in structural characterization, especially their absolute configuration, prompted the development of a new synthetic-analytical approach involving comprehensive spectroscopy, including NMR with quantum mechanics-driven 1H iterative functionalized spin analysis (HifSA) plus experimental and computational electronic circular dichroism (ECD). Vital stereochemical information was garnered from synthesizing 4-(2,5-benzoquinone)flavan-3-ols and a truncated analogue of trimer 2 as ECD models. Discovery of the first natural benzoquinonoid PACs provides new evidence to the experimentally elusive PAC biosynthesis as their formation requires two oxidative post-oligomerizational modifications (POMs) that are distinct and occur downstream from both quinone-methide-driven oligomerization and A-type linkage formation. While Nature is known to achieve structural diversity of many major compound classes by POMs, this is the first indication of PACs also following this common theme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Xi Jing
- Pharmacognosy Institute, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Daneel Ferreira
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - Pankaj Pandey
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - Larry L. Klein
- Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Amar Gopal Chittiboyina
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - James B. McAlpine
- Pharmacognosy Institute, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - David C. Lankin
- Pharmacognosy Institute, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Yvette Alania
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233, USA
| | - Mariana Reis-Havlat
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233, USA
| | - Ana K. Bedran-Russo
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233, USA
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Pharmacognosy Institute, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Guido F. Pauli
- Pharmacognosy Institute, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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9
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Iqbal I, Wilairatana P, Saqib F, Nasir B, Wahid M, Latif MF, Iqbal A, Naz R, Mubarak MS. Plant Polyphenols and Their Potential Benefits on Cardiovascular Health: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:6403. [PMID: 37687232 PMCID: PMC10490098 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Fruits, vegetables, and other food items contain phytochemicals or secondary metabolites which may be considered non-essential nutrients but have medicinal importance. These dietary phytochemicals exhibit chemopreventive and therapeutic effects against numerous diseases. Polyphenols are secondary metabolites found in vegetables, fruits, and grains. These compounds exhibit several health benefits such as immune modulators, vasodilators, and antioxidants. This review focuses on recent studies on using dietary polyphenols to treat cardiovascular disorders, atherosclerosis, and vascular endothelium deficits. We focus on exploring the safety of highly effective polyphenols to ensure their maximum impact on cardiac abnormalities and discuss recent epidemiological evidence and intervention trials related to these properties. Kaempferol, quercetin, and resveratrol prevent oxidative stress by regulating proteins that induce oxidation in heart tissues. In addition, polyphenols modulate the tone of the endothelium of vessels by releasing nitric oxide (NO) and reducing low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation to prevent atherosclerosis. In cardiomyocytes, polyphenols suppress the expression of inflammatory markers and inhibit the production of inflammation markers to exert an anti-inflammatory response. Consequently, heart diseases such as strokes, hypertension, heart failure, and ischemic heart disease could be prevented by dietary polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iram Iqbal
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (I.I.); (M.W.); (M.F.L.); (R.N.)
| | - Polrat Wilairatana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Fatima Saqib
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Bushra Nasir
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan;
| | - Muqeet Wahid
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (I.I.); (M.W.); (M.F.L.); (R.N.)
| | - Muhammad Farhaj Latif
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (I.I.); (M.W.); (M.F.L.); (R.N.)
| | - Ahmar Iqbal
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong 030600, China;
| | - Rabia Naz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (I.I.); (M.W.); (M.F.L.); (R.N.)
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10
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Zorzi G, Gambini S, Negri S, Guzzo F, Commisso M. Untargeted Metabolomics Analysis of the Orchid Species Oncidium sotoanum Reveals the Presence of Rare Bioactive C-Diglycosylated Chrysin Derivatives. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:655. [PMID: 36771739 PMCID: PMC9920315 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Plants are valuable sources of secondary metabolites with pharmaceutical properties, but only a small proportion of plant life has been actively exploited for medicinal purposes to date. Underexplored plant species are therefore likely to contain novel bioactive compounds. In this study, we investigated the content of secondary metabolites in the flowers, leaves and pseudobulbs of the orchid Oncidium sotoanum using an untargeted metabolomics approach. We observed the strong accumulation of C-diglycosylated chrysin derivatives, which are rarely found in nature. Further characterization revealed evidence of antioxidant activity (FRAP and DPPH assays) and potential activity against neurodegenerative disorders (MAO-B inhibition assay) depending on the specific molecular structure of the metabolites. Natural product bioprospecting in underexplored plant species based on untargeted metabolomics can therefore help to identify novel chemical structures with diverse pharmaceutical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Zorzi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Sofia Gambini
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Stefano Negri
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Flavia Guzzo
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mauro Commisso
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy
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11
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Chen Y, Jiang C, Yin S, Zhuang J, Zhao Y, Zhang L, Jiang X, Liu Y, Gao L, Xia T. New insights into the function of plant tannase with promiscuous acyltransferase activity. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 113:576-594. [PMID: 36534122 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plant tannases (TAs) or tannin acyl hydrolases, a class of recently reported carboxylesterases in tannin-rich plants, are involved in the degalloylation of two important groups of secondary metabolites: flavan-3-ol gallates and hydrolyzable tannins. In this paper, we have made new progress in studying the function of tea (Camellia sinensis) (Cs) TA-it is a hydrolase with promiscuous acyltransferase activity in vitro and in vivo and promotes the synthesis of simple galloyl glucoses and flavan-3-ol gallates in plants. We studied the functions of CsTA through enzyme analysis, protein mass spectrometry, and metabolic analysis of genetically modified plants. Firstly, CsTA was found to be not only a hydrolase but also an acyltransferase. In the two-step catalytic reaction where CsTA hydrolyzes the galloylated compounds epigallocatechin-3-gallate or 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose into their degalloylated forms, a long-lived covalently bound Ser159-linked galloyl-enzyme intermediate is also formed. Under nucleophilic attack, the galloyl group on the intermediate is transferred to the nucleophilic acyl acceptor (such as water, methanol, flavan-3-ols, and simple galloyl glucoses). Then, metabolic analysis suggested that transient overexpression of TAs in young strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) fruits, young leaves of tea plants, and young leaves of Chinese bayberry (Myrica rubra) actually increased the total contents of simple galloyl glucoses and flavan-3-ol gallates. Overall, these findings provide new insights into the promiscuous acyltransferase activity of plant TA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization/Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of Agriculture/Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, West 130 Changjiang Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Changjuan Jiang
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Shixin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization/Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of Agriculture/Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, West 130 Changjiang Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Juhua Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization/Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of Agriculture/Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, West 130 Changjiang Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization/Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of Agriculture/Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, West 130 Changjiang Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Lingjie Zhang
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaolan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization/Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of Agriculture/Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, West 130 Changjiang Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Yajun Liu
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Liping Gao
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Tao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization/Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of Agriculture/Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, West 130 Changjiang Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
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12
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Zhang Y, Cheng L, Liu Y, Zhan S, Wu Z, Luo S, Zhang X. Dietary flavonoids: a novel strategy for the amelioration of cognitive impairment through intestinal microbiota. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:488-495. [PMID: 35892267 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The chances of people suffering from cognitive impairments increase gradually with age. Diet and lifestyle are closely related to the occurrence and development of cognitive function. Dietary flavonoid supplementation has been shown to be one of the protective factors against cognitive decline. Flavonoids belong to a class of polyphenols that have been proposed for the treatment of cognitive decline. Recent evidence has shown that intestinal flora in the human body can interact with flavonoids. Intestinal microbiota can modify the chemical structure of flavonoids, producing new metabolites, the pharmacological activities of which may be different from those of the parent; meanwhile, flavonoids and their metabolites can, in turn, regulate the composition and structure of intestinal flora. Notably, intestinal flora affect host nervous system activity through the gut-brain axis, ultimately causing changes in cognitive function. This review therefore summarizes the interaction of dietary flavonoids and intestinal flora, and their protective effect against cognitive decline through the gut-brain axis, indicating that dietary flavonoids may ameliorate cognitive impairment through their interaction with intestinal microbiota. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Cheng
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Yanan Liu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengnan Zhan
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
| | - Zufang Wu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
| | - Songmei Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
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13
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Li K, Duan X, Zhou L, Hill DRA, Martin GJO, Suleria HAR. Bioaccessibility and bioactivities of phenolic compounds from microalgae during in vitro digestion and colonic fermentation. Food Funct 2023; 14:899-910. [PMID: 36537586 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02980d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae are a developing novel source of carbohydrates, phenolic compounds, carotenoids and proteins. In this study, in vitro digestion and colonic fermentation were conducted to examine the total phenolic content and potential antioxidant activity of four microalgal species (Chlorella sp., Spirulina sp., Dunaliella sp., and Isochrysis sp.). The bioaccessibility of targeted phenolic compounds and the short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production were also estimated. Particularly, Spirulina sp. exhibited the highest total phenolic content (TPC) and free radical scavenging (2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH) capacity after gastrointestinal digestion of 7.93 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE) per g and 2.35 mg Trolox equivalents (TE) per g. Meanwhile, it had the highest total flavonoid content (TFC) of 1.07 quercetin equivalents (QE) per g after 8 h of colonic fermentation. Dunaliella sp. and Isochrysis sp. showed comparable ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of 4.96 and 4.45 mg QE per g after 4 h of faecal reaction, respectively. p-hydroxybenzoic and caffeic acid almost completely decomposed after the intestine and fermented in the colon with the gut microflora. In Dunaliella sp. and Isochrysis sp., these phenolic acids were found in the colonic fermented residual, probably due to the presence of dietary fibre and the interactions with other components. All four species reached the highest values of SCFA production after 16 h, except Spirulina sp., which displayed the most increased total SCFA production after 8 h of fermentation. It is proposed that Spirulina sp. could be more beneficial to gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunning Li
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, VIC, Australia.
| | - Xinyu Duan
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, VIC, Australia.
| | - Linhui Zhou
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, VIC, Australia.
| | - David R A Hill
- Algal Processing Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, VIC, Australia
| | - Gregory J O Martin
- Algal Processing Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, VIC, Australia
| | - Hafiz A R Suleria
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, VIC, Australia.
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14
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Olivati C, Nishiyama YP, da Silva R, Gómez-Alonso S, Lago-Vanzela ES. BRS Clara raisins production: Effect of the pre-treatment and the drying process on the phenolic composition. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Chen H, Zheng T, Wu C, Wang J, Ye F, Cui M, Sun S, Zhang Y, Li Y, Dong Z. A Shape-Adaptive Gallic Acid Driven Multifunctional Adhesive Hydrogel Loaded with Scolopin2 for Wound Repair. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1422. [PMID: 36422552 PMCID: PMC9695609 DOI: 10.3390/ph15111422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is one of the major challenges in the biomedical fields. The conventional single drug treatment has unsatisfactory efficacy, and the drug delivery effectiveness is restricted by the short retention on the wound. Herein, we develop a multifunctional adhesive hydrogel that can realize robust adhesion, transdermal delivery, and combination therapy for wound healing. Multifunctional hydrogels (CS-GA-S) are mixed with chitosan-gallic acid (CS-GA), sodium periodate, and centipede peptide-scolopin2, which slowly releases scolopin2 in the layer of the dermis. The released scolopin2 induces the pro-angiogenesis of skin wounds and enables excellent antibacterial effects. Separately, GA as a natural reactive-oxygen-species-scavenger promotes antioxidation, and further enables excellent antibacterial effects and wet tissue adhesion due to a Schiff base and Michael addition reaction for accelerating wound healing. Once adhered to the wound, the precursor solution becomes both a physically and covalently cross-linked network hydrogel, which has potential advantages for wound healing with ease of use, external environment-isolating, and minimal tissue damage. The therapeutic effects of CS-GA-S on wound healing are demonstrated with the full thickness cutaneous wounds of a mouse model. The significant improvement of wound healing is achieved for mice treated with CS-GA-S. This preparation reduces wound system exposure, prolongs local drug residence time, and improves efficacy. Accordingly, with the incorporation of scolopin2 into the shape-adaptive CS-GA hydrogel, the composite hydrogel possesses multi-functions of mechanical adhesion, drug therapy, and skin wound healing. Overall, such an injectable or sprayable hydrogel plays an effective role in emergency wound treatment with the advantage of convenience and portability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Chen
- Drug Delivery Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chines Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Tingting Zheng
- Drug Delivery Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chines Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chenyang Wu
- Drug Delivery Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chines Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jinrui Wang
- Drug Delivery Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chines Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150036, China
| | - Fan Ye
- Drug Delivery Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chines Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Mengyao Cui
- Drug Delivery Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chines Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shuhui Sun
- Drug Delivery Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chines Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150036, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Drug Delivery Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chines Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100094, China
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Beijing 100700, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ying Li
- Drug Delivery Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chines Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100094, China
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Beijing 100700, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Zhengqi Dong
- Drug Delivery Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chines Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100094, China
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Beijing 100700, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
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16
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Jing SX, Reis M, Alania Y, McAlpine JB, Chen SN, Bedran-Russo AK, Pauli GF. B-type Proanthocyanidins with Dentin Biomodification Activity from Cocoa ( Theobroma cacao). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:12456-12468. [PMID: 36134876 PMCID: PMC9547875 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To enable translational studies, a scalable preparative isolation scheme was developed for underivatized cocoa (Theobroma cacao) proanthocyanidins (PACs), affording six all-B-type oligomeric PACs, including a new tetramer 4. Their structures, including absolute configuration, were unambiguously established by comprehensive spectroscopic and chemical methods. Evaluation of the PACs' dentin biomodification properties employed dynamic mechanical and infrared spectroscopic analyses in dentin bioassay models. PAC treatment enhanced the biomechanical strength of dentin by 5- to 15-fold compared to untreated dentin. Among the PAC agents, the pentamer, cinnamtannin A3 (6), led to the highest complex modulus value of 131 MPa, whereas the "branched" tetramer, 4, showed the lowest, yet still significant bioactivity. This study of specifically singly linked medium-length oligomeric PACs indicates that the linkage site is paramount in determining the potency of these PACs as dentin biomodifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Xi Jing
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical
Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612,
USA
| | - Mariana Reis
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry,
Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - Yvette Alania
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry,
Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - James B. McAlpine
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical
Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612,
USA
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical
Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612,
USA
| | - Ana K. Bedran-Russo
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry,
Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - Guido F. Pauli
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical
Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612,
USA
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17
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Peng J, Wen W, Wang R, Li K, Xiao G, Li C. The galloyl moiety enhances inhibitory activity of polyphenols against adipogenic differentiation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Food Funct 2022; 13:5275-5286. [PMID: 35441186 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo04179g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have proved that the characteristic galloyl moiety in polyphenols is crucial for their biological activities. However, whether the presence of the galloyl moiety in the structure of polyphenols has a great contribution to their inhibition of adipogenic differentiation is not clear. Therefore, in this study, seven polyphenols with different galloylation degrees were chosen for exploring the contribution of the galloyl group to the lipid-lowering property of polyphenols and its molecular mechanism. Our results showed that the existence of the galloyl moiety in the structure of polyphenols was necessary for their inhibition of adipogenic differentiation, which could help to delay cells from entering the G2/M phase as well as to hinder the MCE process in the early stage of differentiation and the downstream PPARγ and C/EBPα related MAPK signaling pathway, probably via binding to IR and disturbing the α-helix in its conformation. Our finding highlighted that the existence of galloyl groups in polyphenols was crucial for their anti-adipogenic activity, and provided new insights into the mechanism by which galloylated polyphenols suppress adipocyte differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Peng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Food Science, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China. .,College of Light Industry and Food Science, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Lingnan Specialty Food, Guangzhou 510225, China.
| | - Wenjun Wen
- College of Light Industry and Food Science, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Lingnan Specialty Food, Guangzhou 510225, China.
| | - Ruifeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Food Science, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Kaikai Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Food Science, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Gengsheng Xiao
- College of Light Industry and Food Science, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Lingnan Specialty Food, Guangzhou 510225, China.
| | - Chunmei Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Food Science, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China.
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18
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Kulakowski D, Phansalkar RM, Leme-Kraus AA, McAlpine J, Chen SN, Pauli GF, Ravindran S, Bedran-Russo AK. Galloylated proanthocyanidins in dentin matrix exhibit biocompatibility and induce differentiation in dental stem cells. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2022; 37:220-230. [PMID: 37465414 PMCID: PMC10353770 DOI: 10.1177/08839115221095154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Aim Grape seed extract contains a complex mixture of proanthocyanidins (PACs), a plant biopolymer used as a biomaterial to improve reparative and preventive dental therapies. Co-polymerization of PACs with type I collagen mechanically reinforces the dentin extracellular matrix. This study assessed the biocompatibility of PACs from grape seed extract on dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in a model simulating leaching through dentin to the pulp cavity. The aim was to determine the type of PACs (galloylated vs. non-galloylated) within grape seed extract that are most compatible with dental pulp tissue. Methodology Human demineralized dentin was treated with selectively-enriched dimeric PACs prepared from grape seed extract using liquid-liquid chromatography. DPSCs were cultured within a 2D matrix and exposed to PAC-treated dentin extracellular matrix. Cell proliferation was measured using the MTS assay and expression of odontoblastic genes was analyzed by qRT-PCR. Categorization of PACs leaching from dentin was performed using HPLC-MS. Results Enriched dimeric fractions containing galloylated PACs increased the expression of certain odontoblastic genes in DPSCs, including Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2), dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) and collagen, type I, alpha 1 (COLI). Galloylated dimeric PACs also exhibited minor effects on DPSC proliferation, resulting in a decrease compared to control after five days of treatment. The non-galloylated dimer fraction had no effect on these genes or on DPSC proliferation. Conclusions Galloylated PACs are biocompatible with DPSCs and may exert a beneficial effect on cells within dental pulp tissue. The observed increase in odontoblastic genes induced by galloylated PACs together with a decrease in DPSC proliferation is suggestive of a shift toward cell differentiation. This data supports the use of dimeric PACs as a safe biomaterial, with galloylated dimeric PACs exhibiting potential benefits to odontoblasts supporting dentin regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kulakowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Rasika M. Phansalkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Ariene A Leme-Kraus
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - James McAlpine
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Guido F. Pauli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Sriram Ravindran
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Ana K. Bedran-Russo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233, United States
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19
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Miranda AR, Scotta AV, Cortez MV, González-García N, Galindo-Villardón MP, Soria EA. Association of Dietary Intake of Polyphenols with an Adequate Nutritional Profile in Postpartum Women from Argentina. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2022; 27:20-36. [PMID: 35465116 PMCID: PMC9007708 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2022.27.1.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
HJ-Biplot analysis is a multivariate graphic representation that collects data covariation structure between variables and individuals to represent them in a low-dimensional space with the highest quality in the same reference system. Consequently, it is a promising technique for evaluating dietary exposure to polyphenols and accurately characterizing female nutrition. Herein, we hypothesized that polyphenol intake defines specific clusters with dietary impacts, which can be assessed using HJ-Biplot, based on a cross-sectional study in Argentina. The study included 275 healthy postpartum women who provided information about their food frequency intake and other conditions, which were then used to evaluate polyphenolic intake using the Phenol-Explorer database. Outcomes were established using HJ-Biplot for clustering and ANOVA to compare their impact on diet quality indicators. Two HJ-Biplot models were run (for intakes >20 mg/d and 5∼20 mg/d, respectively) to identify three clusters per model with excellent statistical fitness to explain the data. Thus, specific polyphenolic clusters with potentially bioactive and safe compounds were defined despite significant interindividual variability. In fact, women with the lowest polyphenolic intake exhibited worse dietary quality, body fat, and physical activity. As a result, HJ-Biplot proved to be an effective technique for clustering women based on their dietary intake of these compounds. Furthermore, cluster membership improved the intake of antioxidants, water, fiber, and healthy fats. Additionally, women with formal jobs and a higher educational level showed a better diet. Dietary polyphenols are critical during postpartum because they exert beneficial effects on women and breastfed infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustín Ramiro Miranda
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, National University of Córdoba, Córdoba 506, Argentina
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council, Córdoba 5014, Argentina
| | - Ana Veronica Scotta
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, National University of Córdoba, Córdoba 506, Argentina
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council, Córdoba 5014, Argentina
| | - Mariela Valentina Cortez
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, National University of Córdoba, Córdoba 506, Argentina
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council, Córdoba 5014, Argentina
| | - Nerea González-García
- Department of Statistics, University of Salamanca, Salamanca 7007, Spain
- Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - María Purificación Galindo-Villardón
- Department of Statistics, University of Salamanca, Salamanca 7007, Spain
- Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Elio Andrés Soria
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, National University of Córdoba, Córdoba 506, Argentina
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council, Córdoba 5014, Argentina
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Padilla-González GF, Grosskopf E, Sadgrove NJ, Simmonds MSJ. Chemical Diversity of Flavan-3-Ols in Grape Seeds: Modulating Factors and Quality Requirements. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11060809. [PMID: 35336690 PMCID: PMC8953305 DOI: 10.3390/plants11060809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Grape seeds are a rich source of flavan-3-ol monomers, oligomers, and polymers. The diverse profile of compounds includes mainly B-type procyanidins (especially C4→C8 linked molecules) and the key monomers, catechin, and epicatechin that are positively implicated in the 'French Paradox'. Today grape seed nutraceuticals have become a multi-million-dollar industry. This has created incentives to elucidate the variations in chemistry across cultivars, to identify signs of adulteration, and to understand the intrinsic and extrinsic factors controlling the expression of metabolites in the seeds' metabolome. This review provides a critical overview of the existing literature on grape seed chemistry. Although the biosynthetic pathways for polymeric procyanidins in seeds have not yet been explained, abiotic factors have been shown to modulate associated genes. Research of extrinsic factors has demonstrated that the control of procyanidin expression is strongly influenced, in order of importance, by genotype (species first, then variety) and environment, as claimed anecdotally. Unfortunately, research outcomes on the effects of abiotic factors have low certainty, because effects can be specific to genotype or variety, and there is limited control over physical metrics in the field. Thus, to gain a fuller understanding of the effects of abiotic factors and biosynthetic pathways, and realise potential for optimisation, a more fundamental research approach is needed. Nevertheless, the current synthesis offers insight into the selection of species or varieties according to the profile of polyphenols, as well as for optimisation of horticultural practices, with a view to produce products that contain the compounds that support health claims.
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Influence of freezing and heating conditions on grape seed flavan-3-ol extractability, oxidation, and galloylation pattern. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3838. [PMID: 35264734 PMCID: PMC8907288 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07925-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In cool-climate viticulture, the short growing season can influence grape seed maturation by reducing the apparent oxidation of flavan-3-ol monomers and associated increase in seed browning. A reduction in seed maturation increases the potential extraction of flavan-3-ol monomers into wine during maceration operations, heightening bitterness. Here, we carried out a 2 × 2 factorial experiment to test the ability of freezing and heating treatments to advance maturation (decrease flavan-3-ol, improve browning) of (Vitis vinifera L.) Pinot noir and Cabernet Sauvignon seeds over a 24-h incubation period. Only freezing significantly increased seed browning in both cultivars. Subsequent correlations with seed flavan-3-ol monomer concentrations suggest that freezing enhanced the oxidation of these compounds. Interestingly, natural ripening and freezing reduced galloylated flavan-3-ol monomers to a greater extent than non-galloylated ones. This study provides new information regarding the susceptibility of flavan-3-ol monomers to freezing and heating, and also suggests that freezing can advance the maturation the seeds of under-ripe red vinifera grapes.
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Dehghanian Z, Habibi K, Dehghanian M, Aliyar S, Asgari Lajayer B, Astatkie T, Minkina T, Keswani C. Reinforcing the bulwark: unravelling the efficient applications of plant phenolics and tannins against environmental stresses. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09094. [PMID: 35309390 PMCID: PMC8927939 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds are plant secondary metabolites that play a vital role in plant resistance. They are mainly synthetized from the amino acid L-phenylalanine, which is converted to trans-cinnamic acid in a series of biochemical reactions. These compounds take part in the regulation of seed germination and cooperate in regulating the growth of plants, also taking part in defense responses during infection, UV exposure, injuries, and heavy metal stress. The aim of this review is to discuss the role of phenolic compounds in the interactions of plants with various stress factors, both biotic and abiotic with special attention to their antioxidant properties. Therefore, understanding the biochemical potential of the phenylpropanoid derivatives would be beneficial in sustaining the metabolic processes used by plants to thrive and endure under adverse conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Dehghanian
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Khashayar Habibi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Maryam Dehghanian
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Sajad Aliyar
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behnam Asgari Lajayer
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tess Astatkie
- Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada
| | - Tatiana Minkina
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
| | - Chetan Keswani
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
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Justino AB, Guerra Silva HC, Franco RR, de Oliveira Cavalcante Pimentel I, Silva NF, Saraiva AL, Espindola FS. Flavonoids and proanthocyanidins-rich fractions from Eugenia dysenterica fruits and leaves inhibit the formation of advanced glycation end-products and the activities of α-amylase and α-glucosidase. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 285:114902. [PMID: 34890729 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Different parts of Eugenia dysenterica have been popularly used in Brazil for treating diabetes mellitus and its complications. The present study aimed to screen extracts from E. dysenterica fruit pulp, peel, seed and leaf for carbohydrate digestive enzymes inhibitors with antioxidant and anti-glycation capacities. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ethanol extracts of E. dysenterica were subjected to a liquid-liquid fractionation and the fractions were used to evaluate their antioxidant properties and inhibitory potential against the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and α-amylase and α-glucosidase. RESULTS The ethyl acetate fraction (EtOAcF) from seed and the dichloromethane fraction (CH2Cl2F) and EtOAcF from leaf had high antioxidant capacities (ORAC >5500 μmol trolox eq g-1, FRAP >1500 μmol trolox eq g-1 and DPPH IC50 < 35 μg mL-1) and showed exceptional inhibitory activities against AGEs formation (glycation inhibition above 80% at 10 μg mL-1) and α-amylase and α-glucosidase (inhibition above 50% at 10 μg mL-1). The gallated B-types proanthocyanidins were the most active ingredients found in the leaf of E. dysenterica (CH2Cl2 and EtOAcF), being responsible for the notorious inhibitory effects against glycation and glycoside hydrolases due to their ortho-hydroxyl groups, which play role in scavenge and quench free radicals and glycated products, and may occupy the enzymes' substrate binding pocket. Furthermore, gallic acid, quercetin and its glycoside derivatives were detected by the first time in the E. dysenterica fruit seed (EtOAcF). CONCLUSIONS The results strongly contribute to the understanding of the antidiabetic potential of seeds and leaves from E. dysenterica, a species from a global biodiversity hotspot, which appears to be linked to the prevention of oxidative stress, AGEs production and postprandial hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allisson Benatti Justino
- Institute of Biotechnology - Federal University of Uberlandia, Av. Pará, 1720, 38400-902, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Heitor Cappato Guerra Silva
- Institute of Biotechnology - Federal University of Uberlandia, Av. Pará, 1720, 38400-902, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Rodrigues Franco
- Institute of Biotechnology - Federal University of Uberlandia, Av. Pará, 1720, 38400-902, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Nicole Fernandes Silva
- Institute of Biotechnology - Federal University of Uberlandia, Av. Pará, 1720, 38400-902, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - André Lopes Saraiva
- Institute of Biotechnology - Federal University of Uberlandia, Av. Pará, 1720, 38400-902, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Foued Salmen Espindola
- Institute of Biotechnology - Federal University of Uberlandia, Av. Pará, 1720, 38400-902, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
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Payne A, Nahashon S, Taka E, Adinew GM, Soliman KFA. Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG): New Therapeutic Perspectives for Neuroprotection, Aging, and Neuroinflammation for the Modern Age. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12030371. [PMID: 35327563 PMCID: PMC8945730 DOI: 10.3390/biom12030371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases are the two most common forms of neurodegenerative diseases. The exact etiology of these disorders is not well known; however, environmental, molecular, and genetic influences play a major role in the pathogenesis of these diseases. Using Alzheimer’s disease (AD) as the archetype, the pathological findings include the aggregation of Amyloid Beta (Aβ) peptides, mitochondrial dysfunction, synaptic degradation caused by inflammation, elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS), and cerebrovascular dysregulation. This review highlights the neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective role of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG): the medicinal component of green tea, a known nutraceutical that has shown promise in modulating AD progression due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging abilities. This report also re-examines the current literature and provides innovative approaches for EGCG to be used as a preventive measure to alleviate AD and other neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Payne
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (A.P.); (E.T.); (G.M.A.)
| | - Samuel Nahashon
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA;
| | - Equar Taka
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (A.P.); (E.T.); (G.M.A.)
| | - Getinet M. Adinew
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (A.P.); (E.T.); (G.M.A.)
| | - Karam F. A. Soliman
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (A.P.); (E.T.); (G.M.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1850-322-8788
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Alfieri ML, Panzella L, Amorati R, Cariola A, Valgimigli L, Napolitano A. Role of Sulphur and Heavier Chalcogens on the Antioxidant Power and Bioactivity of Natural Phenolic Compounds. Biomolecules 2022; 12:90. [PMID: 35053239 PMCID: PMC8774257 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The activity of natural phenols is primarily associated to their antioxidant potential, but is ultimately expressed in a variety of biological effects. Molecular scaffold manipulation of this large variety of compounds is a currently pursued approach to boost or modulate their properties. Insertion of S/Se/Te containing substituents on phenols may increase/decrease their H-donor/acceptor ability by electronic and stereo-electronic effects related to the site of substitution and geometrical constrains. Oxygen to sulphur/selenium isosteric replacement in resveratrol or ferulic acid leads to an increase in the radical scavenging activity with respect to the parent phenol. Several chalcogen-substituted phenols inspired by Vitamin E and flavonoids have been prepared, which in some cases prove to be chain-breaking antioxidants, far better than the natural counterparts. Conjugation of catechols with biological thiols (cysteine, glutathione, dihydrolipoic acid) is easily achieved by addition to the corresponding ortho-quinones. Noticeable examples of compounds with potentiated antioxidant activities are the human metabolite 5-S-cysteinyldopa, with high iron-induced lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity, due to strong iron (III) binding, 5-S-glutathionylpiceatannol a most effective inhibitor of nitrosation processes, and 5-S-lipoylhydroxytyrosol, and its polysulfides that proved valuable oxidative-stress protective agents in various cellular models. Different methodologies have been used for evaluation of the antioxidant power of these compounds against the parent compounds. These include kinetics of inhibition of lipid peroxidation alkylperoxyl radicals, common chemical assays of radical scavenging, inhibition of the OH• mediated hydroxylation/oxidation of model systems, ferric- or copper-reducing power, scavenging of nitrosating species. In addition, computational methods allowed researchers to determine the Bond Dissociation Enthalpy values of the OH groups of chalcogen modified phenolics and predict the best performing derivative. Finally, the activity of Se and Te containing compounds as mimic of glutathione peroxidase has been evaluated, together with other biological activities including anticancer action and (neuro)protective effects in various cellular models. These and other achievements are discussed and rationalized to guide future development in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Laura Alfieri
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy; (M.L.A.); (L.P.)
| | - Lucia Panzella
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy; (M.L.A.); (L.P.)
| | - Riccardo Amorati
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 11, I-40126 Bologna, Italy; (R.A.); (A.C.)
| | - Alice Cariola
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 11, I-40126 Bologna, Italy; (R.A.); (A.C.)
| | - Luca Valgimigli
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 11, I-40126 Bologna, Italy; (R.A.); (A.C.)
| | - Alessandra Napolitano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy; (M.L.A.); (L.P.)
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Akinyede KA, Oyewusi HA, Hughes GD, Ekpo OE, Oguntibeju OO. In Vitro Evaluation of the Anti-Diabetic Potential of Aqueous Acetone Helichrysum petiolare Extract (AAHPE) with Molecular Docking Relevance in Diabetes Mellitus. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 27:molecules27010155. [PMID: 35011387 PMCID: PMC8746515 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic condition that can lead to significant complications and a high fatality rate worldwide. Efforts are ramping up to find and develop novel α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitors that are both effective and potentially safe. Traditional methodologies are being replaced with new techniques that are less complicated and less time demanding; yet, both the experimental and computational strategies are viable and complementary in drug discovery and development. As a result, this study was conducted to investigate the in vitro anti-diabetic potential of aqueous acetone Helichrysum petiolare and B.L Burtt extract (AAHPE) using a 2-NBDG, 2-(N-(7-Nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl) amino)-2-deoxy-d-glucose uptake assay. In addition, we performed molecular docking of the flavonoid constituents identified and quantified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) from AAHPE with the potential to serve as effective and safe α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitors, which are important in drug discovery and development. The results showed that AAHPE is a potential inhibitor of both α-amylase and α-glucosidase, with IC50 values of 46.50 ± 6.17 (µg/mL) and 37.81 ± 5.15 (µg/mL), respectively. This is demonstrated by a significant increase in the glucose uptake activity percentage in a concentration-dependent manner compared to the control, with the highest AAHPE concentration of 75 µg/mL of glucose uptake activity being higher than metformin, a standard anti-diabetic drug, in the insulin-resistant HepG2 cell line. The molecular docking results displayed that the constituents strongly bind α-amylase and α-glucosidase while achieving better binding affinities that ranged from ΔG = -7.2 to -9.6 kcal/mol (compared with acarbose ΔG = -6.1 kcal/mol) for α-amylase, and ΔG = -7.3 to -9.0 kcal/mol (compared with acarbose ΔG = -6.3 kcal/mol) for α-glucosidase. This study revealed the potential use of the H. petiolare plant extract and its phytochemicals, which could be explored to develop potent and safe α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitors to treat postprandial glycemic levels in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kolajo Adedamola Akinyede
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town 7530, South Africa; (G.D.H.); (O.E.E.)
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Science Technology, The Federal Polytechnic P.M.B.5351, Ado Ekiti 360231, Ekiti State, Nigeria;
- Correspondence: (K.A.A.); (O.O.O.); Tel.: +27-839-612-040 (K.A.A.); +27-219-538-495 (O.O.O.)
| | - Habeebat Adekilekun Oyewusi
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Science Technology, The Federal Polytechnic P.M.B.5351, Ado Ekiti 360231, Ekiti State, Nigeria;
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Gail Denise Hughes
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town 7530, South Africa; (G.D.H.); (O.E.E.)
| | - Okobi Eko Ekpo
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town 7530, South Africa; (G.D.H.); (O.E.E.)
- Department of Anatomy and Cellular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Oluwafemi Omoniyi Oguntibeju
- Phytomedicine and Phytochemistry Group, Oxidative Stress Research Centre, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P.O. Box 1906, Bellville 7535, South Africa
- Correspondence: (K.A.A.); (O.O.O.); Tel.: +27-839-612-040 (K.A.A.); +27-219-538-495 (O.O.O.)
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Rodrigues MJ, Castañeda-Loaiza V, Monteiro I, Pinela J, Barros L, Abreu RMV, Oliveira MC, Reis C, Soares F, Pousão-Ferreira P, Pereira CG, Custódio L. Metabolomic Profile and Biological Properties of Sea Lavender ( Limonium algarvense Erben) Plants Cultivated with Aquaculture Wastewaters: Implications for Its Use in Herbal Formulations and Food Additives. Foods 2021; 10:3104. [PMID: 34945654 PMCID: PMC8700961 DOI: 10.3390/foods10123104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Water extracts from sea lavender (Limonium algarvense Erben) plants cultivated in greenhouse conditions and irrigated with freshwater and saline aquaculture effluents were evaluated for metabolomics by liquid chromatography-tandem high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS), and functional properties by in vitro and ex vivo methods. In vitro antioxidant methods included radical scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and copper and iron chelating assets. Flowers' extracts had the highest compounds' diversity (flavonoids and its derivatives) and strongest in vitro antioxidant activity. These extracts were further tested for ex vivo antioxidant properties by oxidative haemolysis inhibition (OxHLIA), lipid peroxidation inhibition by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) formation, and anti-melanogenic, anti-tyrosinase, anti-inflammation, and cytotoxicity. Extract from plants irrigated with 300 mM NaCl was the most active towards TBARS (IC50 = 81 µg/mL) and tyrosinase (IC50 = 873 µg/mL). In OxHLIA, the activity was similar for fresh- and saltwater-irrigated plants (300 mM NaCl; IC50 = 136 and 140 µg/mL, respectively). Samples had no anti-inflammatory and anti-melanogenic abilities and were not toxic. Our results suggest that sea lavender cultivated under saline conditions could provide a flavonoid-rich water extract with antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase properties with potential use as a food preservative or as a functional ingredient in herbal supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria João Rodrigues
- Centre of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Campus of Gambelas, University of Algarve, Ed. 7, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (V.C.-L.); (C.G.P.); (L.C.)
| | - Viana Castañeda-Loaiza
- Centre of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Campus of Gambelas, University of Algarve, Ed. 7, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (V.C.-L.); (C.G.P.); (L.C.)
| | - Ivo Monteiro
- IPMA, Aquaculture Research Station, Av. do Parque Natural da Ria Formosa s/n, 8700-194 Olhao, Portugal; (I.M.); (F.S.); (P.P.-F.)
| | - José Pinela
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Braganca, Portugal; (J.P.); (L.B.); (R.M.V.A.)
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Braganca, Portugal; (J.P.); (L.B.); (R.M.V.A.)
| | - Rui M. V. Abreu
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Braganca, Portugal; (J.P.); (L.B.); (R.M.V.A.)
| | - Maria Conceição Oliveira
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Complexo Interdisciplinar, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Catarina Reis
- iMed.Ulisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Florbela Soares
- IPMA, Aquaculture Research Station, Av. do Parque Natural da Ria Formosa s/n, 8700-194 Olhao, Portugal; (I.M.); (F.S.); (P.P.-F.)
| | - Pedro Pousão-Ferreira
- IPMA, Aquaculture Research Station, Av. do Parque Natural da Ria Formosa s/n, 8700-194 Olhao, Portugal; (I.M.); (F.S.); (P.P.-F.)
| | - Catarina G. Pereira
- Centre of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Campus of Gambelas, University of Algarve, Ed. 7, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (V.C.-L.); (C.G.P.); (L.C.)
| | - Luísa Custódio
- Centre of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Campus of Gambelas, University of Algarve, Ed. 7, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (V.C.-L.); (C.G.P.); (L.C.)
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Guerreiro C, Brandão E, de Jesus M, Gonçalves L, Pérez-Gregório R, Mateus N, de Freitas V, Soares S. New insights into the oral interactions of different families of phenolic compounds: Deepening the astringency mouthfeels. Food Chem 2021; 375:131642. [PMID: 34838404 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Astringency is a tactile sensation of puckering, tightening and dryness in the oral cavity, commonly induced by polyphenols. In this study, the interaction of two phenolic compound mixtures, one rich in gallotannins and the other in flavonols, with two oral models (tongue (HSC3) or buccal mucosa (TR146) was evaluated. Results provided evidence that gallotannins and flavonols seem to bind in a different way to the different oral constituents and models used. Gallotannins seems to bind more to the tongue than to the buccal mucosa cell line, but this difference is overcome by the presence of salivary proteins. Conversely, for the flavonol mixture, the presence of salivary proteins seems to restrain the interaction with oral cell lines. Structure-binding activity relationships were evidenced within each mixture: for gallotannins, interactions seem to increase along with the galloylation degree while for flavonol it was observed that increasing numbers of glucose residues decreased the binding activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Guerreiro
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Porto 689, Portugal
| | - Elsa Brandão
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Porto 689, Portugal
| | - Mónica de Jesus
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Porto 689, Portugal
| | - Leonor Gonçalves
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Porto 689, Portugal
| | - Rosa Pérez-Gregório
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Porto 689, Portugal
| | - Nuno Mateus
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Porto 689, Portugal
| | - Victor de Freitas
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Porto 689, Portugal
| | - Susana Soares
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Porto 689, Portugal.
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Ramos LPA, Justino AB, Tavernelli N, Saraiva AL, Franco RR, de Souza AV, Silva HCG, de Moura FBR, Botelho FV, Espindola FS. Antioxidant compounds from Annona crassiflora fruit peel reduce lipid levels and oxidative damage and maintain the glutathione defense in hepatic tissue of Triton WR-1339-induced hyperlipidemic mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:112049. [PMID: 34426250 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dyslipidemia is a risk factor for the pathogenesis of several diseases, such as obesity, hypertension, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. In addition to interfering with serum concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides, hyperlipidemia is involved in oxidative stress increase and reduction of the endogenous antioxidant defenses. The fruit peel of Annona crassiflora crude extract (CEAc) and its polyphenols-rich fraction (PFAc) were investigated against hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia and hepatic oxidative stress in Triton WR-1339-induced hyperlipidemic mice. Lipid parameters in serum, feces and liver, as well as hepatic oxidative status, and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense systems were analyzed. Pre-treatment with CEAc for 12 days decreased hepatic triglycerides and total cholesterol, and similar to PFAc, increased the high-density lipoprotein level. There were reductions in lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation, as well as restoration of the glutathione defense system and total thiol content in the liver of the hyperlipidemic mice treated with PFAc. The fruit peel of A. crassiflora, a promising natural source of bioactive molecules, showed a potential lipid-lowering action and hepatoprotective activities triggered by reduction of oxidative damage and maintenance of the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems impaired by the hyperlipidemic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Pereira Afonso Ramos
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Allisson Benatti Justino
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Natália Tavernelli
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - André Lopes Saraiva
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Rodrigues Franco
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Adriele Vieira de Souza
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Heitor Cappato Guerra Silva
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | | | - Françoise Vasconcelos Botelho
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Foued Salmen Espindola
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, Brazil.
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30
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Hydrolysable tannins change physicochemical parameters of lipid nano-vesicles and reduce DPPH radical - Experimental studies and quantum chemical analysis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2021; 1864:183778. [PMID: 34537215 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2021.183778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Tannins belong to plant secondary metabolites exhibiting a wide range of biological activity. One of the important aspects of the realization of the biological effects of tannins is the interaction with lipids of cell membranes. In this work we studied the interaction of two hydrolysable tannins: 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose (PGG) and 1,2-di-O-galloyl-4,6-valoneoyl-β-d-glucose (T1) which had the same number of both aromatic rings (5) and hydroxyl groups (15) but differing in flexibility due to the presence of valoneoyl group in the T1 molecule with DMPC (dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine) lipid nano-vesicles (liposomes). Tannins-liposomes interactions were investigated using fluorescence spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, laser Doppler velocimetry, dynamic light scattering and Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectroscopy. It was shown that more flexible PGG molecules stronger decreased the microviscosity of the liposomal membranes and increased the values of negative zeta potential in comparison with the more rigid T1. Both compounds diminished the phase transition temperature of DMPC membranes, interacted with liposomes via PO groups of head of phospholipids and their hydrophobic regions. These tannins neutralized DPPH free radicals with the stoichiometry of the reaction equal 1:1. The effects of the studied compounds on liposomes were discussed in relation to tannin quantum chemical parameters calculated by molecular modeling.
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31
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Torres-León C, de Azevedo Ramos B, dos Santos Correia MT, Carneiro-da-Cunha MG, Ramirez-Guzman N, Alves LC, Brayner FA, Ascacio-Valdes J, Álvarez-Pérez OB, Aguilar CN. Antioxidant and anti-staphylococcal activity of polyphenolic-rich extracts from Ataulfo mango seed. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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32
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Andersen-Civil AIS, Leppä MM, Thamsborg SM, Salminen JP, Williams AR. Structure-function analysis of purified proanthocyanidins reveals a role for polymer size in suppressing inflammatory responses. Commun Biol 2021; 4:896. [PMID: 34290357 PMCID: PMC8295316 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02408-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Proanthocyanidins (PAC) are dietary compounds that have been extensively studied for beneficial health effects due to their anti-inflammatory properties. However, the structure-function relationships of PAC and their mode-of-action remain obscure. Here, we isolated a wide range of diverse PAC polymer mixtures of high purity from plant material. Polymer size was a key factor in determining the ability of PAC to regulate inflammatory cytokine responses in murine macrophages. PAC polymers with a medium (9.1) mean degree of polymerization (mDP) induced substantial transcriptomic changes, whereas PAC with either low (2.6) or high (12.3) mDP were significantly less active. Short-term oral treatment of mice with PAC modulated gene pathways connected to nutrient metabolism and inflammation in ileal tissue in a polymerization-dependent manner. Mechanistically, the bioactive PAC polymers modulated autophagic flux and inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced autophagy in macrophages. Collectively, our results highlight the importance of defined structural features in the health-promoting effects of PAC-rich foods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Milla Marleena Leppä
- Natural Chemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Stig M Thamsborg
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Juha-Pekka Salminen
- Natural Chemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Andrew R Williams
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
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33
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Teng H, Zheng Y, Cao H, Huang Q, Xiao J, Chen L. Enhancement of bioavailability and bioactivity of diet-derived flavonoids by application of nanotechnology: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:378-393. [PMID: 34278842 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1947772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids, which are a class of polyphenols widely existing in food and medicine, have enormous pharmacological effects. The functional properties of flavonoids are mainly distributed to their anti-oxidative, anticancer, and anti-inflammatoryeffects, etc. However, flavonoids' low bioavailability limits their clinical application, which is closely related to their intestinal absorption and metabolism. In addition, because of the short residence time of oral bioactive molecules in the stomach, low permeability and low solubility in the gastrointestinal tract, flavonoids are easy to be decomposed by the external environment and gastrointestinal tract after digestion. To tackle these obstacles, technological approaches like microencapsulation have been developed and applied for the formulation of flavonoid-enriched food products. In the light of these scientific advances, the objective of this review is to establish the structural requirements of flavonoids for appreciable anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects, and elucidate a comprehensive mechanism that can explain their activity. Furthermore, the novelty in application of nanotechnology for the safe delivery of flavonoids in food matrices is discussed. After a literature on the flavonoids and their health attributes, the encapsulation methods and the coating materials are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Teng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yimei Zheng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Hui Cao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qun Huang
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Lei Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
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34
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Zanatta AC, Vilegas W, Edrada-Ebel R. UHPLC-(ESI)-HRMS and NMR-Based Metabolomics Approach to Access the Seasonality of Byrsonima intermedia and Serjania marginata From Brazilian Cerrado Flora Diversity. Front Chem 2021; 9:710025. [PMID: 34295876 PMCID: PMC8290060 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.710025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Seasonality is one of the major environmental factors that exert influence over the synthesis and accumulation of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants. The application of the metabolomics approach for quality control of plant extracts is essentially important because it helps one to establish a standard metabolite profile and to analyze factors that affect the effectiveness of the medicinal plants. The Brazilian Cerrado flora is characterized by a rich diversity of native plant species, and a number of these plant species have been found to have suitable medicinal properties. Some of these plant species include Byrsonima intermedia and Serjania marginata. To better understand the chemical composition of these plant species, we conducted a study using the state-of-the-art techniques including the HPLC system coupled to an Exactive-Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometer with electrospray ionization interface UHPLC-(ESI)-HRMS and by NMR being performed 2D J-resolved and proton NMR spectroscopy. For the analysis, samples were harvested bimonthly during two consecutive years. UHPLC-(ESI)-HRMS data were preprocessed and the output data uploaded into an in-house Excel macro for peak dereplication. MS and NMR data were concatenated using the data fusion method and submitted to multivariate statistical analysis. The dereplication of LC-HRMS data helped in the annotation of the major compounds present in the extracts of the three plant species investigated allowing the annotation of 68 compounds in the extracts of B. intermedia (cinnamic acids, phenolic acids derived from galloyl quinic and shikimic acid, proanthocyanidins, glycosylated flavonoids, triterpenes and other phenols) and 81 compounds in the extracts of S. marginata (phenolic acids, saponins, proanthocyanidins, glycosylated flavonoids among other compounds). For a better assessment of the great number of responses, the significance of the chemical variables for the differentiation and correlation of the seasons was determined using the variable importance on projection (VIP) technique and through the application of the false discovery rate (FDR) estimation. The statistical data obtained showed that seasonal factors played an important role on the production of metabolites in each plant species. Temperature conditions, drought and solar radiation were found to be the main factors that affected the variability of phenolic compounds in each species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C. Zanatta
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Organic Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
- Laboratory of Bioprospecting of Natural Products, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Vicente, Brazil
| | - Wagner Vilegas
- Laboratory of Bioprospecting of Natural Products, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Vicente, Brazil
| | - RuAngelie Edrada-Ebel
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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35
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Zhang P, Ma W, Meng Y, Zhang Y, Jin G, Fang Z. Wine phenolic profile altered by yeast: Mechanisms and influences. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:3579-3619. [PMID: 34146455 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Grape phenolic compounds undergo various types of transformations during winemaking under the influences of yeasts, which further impacts the sensory attributes, thus the quality of wine. Understanding the roles of yeasts in phenolics transformation is important for controlling wine quality through fermentation culture selection. This literature review discusses the mechanisms of how yeasts alter the phenolic compounds during winemaking, summarizes the effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and non-Saccharomyces yeasts on the content and composition of phenolics in wine, and highlights the influences of mixed cultural fermentation on the phenolic profile of wine. Collectively, this paper aims to provide a deeper understanding on yeast-phenolics interactions and to identify the current literature gaps for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pangzhen Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Wen Ma
- School of Food and Wine, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Yiqi Meng
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yifan Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gang Jin
- School of Food and Wine, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Zhongxiang Fang
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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36
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Cao J, Yan S, Xiao Y, Han L, Sun L, Wang M. Number of galloyl moiety and intramolecular bonds in galloyl-based polyphenols affect their interaction with alpha-glucosidase. Food Chem 2021; 367:129846. [PMID: 34399273 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The inhibition of α-glucosidase by nine galloyl-based polyphenols with free and unfree galloyl moieties (GMs) was studied. The results show that the inhibitory activity increased with the free GM number increasing. For the compounds with unfree GMs, ellagic acid and hexahydroxydiphenoyl group contributed to the enzyme inhibition. Free GMs could bind not only with the active site of α-glucosidase (competitive inhibition character), but also with the non-active sites (uncompetitive one); however, the former binding interaction was stronger than the latter one. All polyphenols that had inhibitory effects quenched α-glucosidase fluorescence in a static mode through forming a polyphenol-enzyme complex. The number of amino acid residues involved in polyphenol-enzyme binding interactions (hydrogen bonding and π-conjugations) increased with the inhibitory activity increasing. Additionally, two polyphenols with 5 free GMs showing certain hypoglycemic effects in maltose-loading test suggests that GM may be an advisable functional factor for alleviation of type II diabetes symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Cao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Shaoqing Yan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Yao Xiao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Lin Han
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Lijun Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
| | - Min Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
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37
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Zengin G, Mahomoodally MF, Picot-Allain MCN, Sinan KI, Ak G, Etienne OK, Sieniawska E, Maciejewska-Turska M, Świątek Ł, Rajtar B, Polz-Dacewicz M. Chemical composition, biological properties and bioinformatics analysis of two Caesalpina species: A new light in the road from nature to pharmacy shelf. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 198:114018. [PMID: 33730614 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Caesalpinia bonduc and C. decapeleta var. japonica have great importance in traditional medicine systems but scientific information's are still lacking for their potentials. To explore their bioactivity, we assessed the antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory abilities of the dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate, methanol, and water extracts prepared from the leaves and bark. The cytotoxicity and anticancer properties of the extracts were also assessed in vitro. The water extract of C. decapeleta leaves possessed highest phenolic content (108.16 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g extract), while the highest flavonoid content was recorded for the C. bonduc leaf methanolic extract (27.89 mg rutin equivalent (RE)/g extract). In general, C. decapeleta extracts possessed higher radical scavenging potential compared to C. bonduc extracts. C. decapeleta DCM leaves extract (10.20 mg galantamine equivalent (GALAE)/g extract) showed highest inhibition against butyrylcholinesterase. The cytotoxicity of the most potent methanolic and aqueous extracts were assessed against four cell lines. The chemical profiles of both species appeared to be different. C. bonduc was abundant in organic and phenolic acids as well as their esters. Flavonoid glycosides, bonducellin and its derivatives and caesalminaxins were identified. Whereas, C. decalpetala possessed many galloylated compounds. The cytotoxicity of C. bonduc and C. decapetala extracts was tested using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) based assay on VERO (kidney of an adult African Green monkey cells), HeLa (human cervical adenocarcinoma cells), RKO (human colon carcinoma cells), FaDu (human hypopharyngeal squamous carcinoma cells) cell lines. C. bonduc bark water extract exhibited the highest cytotoxicity towards HeLa (50 % cytotoxic concentration (CC50): 28.5 μg/mL) cancer cell line, as compared to normal VERO cells (CC50:35.87 μg/mL). For C. decapetala, the highest cytotoxicity was found for bark methanol extract on the HeLa cells with CC50 of 46.08 μg/mL and selectivity index of 3.33. In the gene ontology analysis, prostate cancer, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) signaling, proteoglycans in cancer pathways might support the results of the cytotoxic assays. These results showed that the tested Caesalpinia species, showing potent inhibitory action against butyrylcholinesterase, might represent novel phytotherapeutic avenues for the management of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius.
| | | | - Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Gunes Ak
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ouattara Katinan Etienne
- Laboratoire de Botanique, UFR Biosciences, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Elwira Sieniawska
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, Lublin, 20-093, Poland
| | | | - Łukasz Świątek
- Department of Virology with SARS Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-059, Lublin, Poland
| | - Barbara Rajtar
- Department of Virology with SARS Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-059, Lublin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Polz-Dacewicz
- Department of Virology with SARS Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-059, Lublin, Poland
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38
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Wang L, Huang X, Jing H, Ye X, Jiang C, Shao J, Ma C, Wang H. Separation of epigallocatechin gallate and epicatechin gallate from tea polyphenols by macroporous resin and crystallization. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:832-842. [PMID: 33507177 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay02118k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and epicatechin gallate (ECG) are the most abundant ester catechins of green tea polyphenols (GTPs) with numerous potential bioactivities, which have wide application prospects in the fields of medicine and functional foods. In this study, a new method using macroporous resin and crystallization was established to separate and purify EGCG and ECG. Two resins with high adsorption and desorption capacities for EGCG and ECG were screened through static adsorption/desorption tests, and the LX-20B resin was selected through column chromatography due to its best separation effect. Moreover, the column separation parameters of LX-20B resin (sample amount, ethanol elution concentration, elution volume, and elution flow rate) were optimized. After resin purification, the EGCG and ECG purity were 70.08 ± 2.55% and 74.97 ± 2.66%, respectively, and the recovery rates were 68.07 ± 2.43% and 74.28 ± 2.24%, respectively. After crystallization, the EGCG purity reached 95.87 ± 0.89%, with a total recovery rate of 58.66%, and the ECG purity reached 95.55 ± 1.30%, with a total recovery rate of 62.45%. The separation efficiency of the resin showed no significant change after 6 cycles. These results show the proposed method to be a simple, eco-friendly, and cost-effective separation method for the industrial separation and purification of EGCG and ECG from GTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- School of Food Science & Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122 China.
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39
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Šamec D, Karalija E, Šola I, Vujčić Bok V, Salopek-Sondi B. The Role of Polyphenols in Abiotic Stress Response: The Influence of Molecular Structure. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:118. [PMID: 33430128 PMCID: PMC7827553 DOI: 10.3390/plants10010118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stressors such as extreme temperatures, drought, flood, light, salt, and heavy metals alter biological diversity and crop production worldwide. Therefore, it is important to know the mechanisms by which plants cope with stress conditions. Polyphenols, which are the largest group of plant-specialized metabolites, are generally recognized as molecules involved in stress protection in plants. This diverse group of metabolites contains various structures, from simple forms consisting of one aromatic ring to more complex ones consisting of large number of polymerized molecules. Consequently, all these molecules, depending on their structure, may show different roles in plant growth, development, and stress protection. In the present review, we aimed to summarize data on how different polyphenol structures influence their biological activity and their roles in abiotic stress responses. We focused our review on phenolic acids, flavonoids, stilbenoids, and lignans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dunja Šamec
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Erna Karalija
- Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 33–35, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
| | - Ivana Šola
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.Š.); (V.V.B.)
| | - Valerija Vujčić Bok
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.Š.); (V.V.B.)
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Watrelot AA, Le Guernevé C, Hallé H, Meudec E, Véran F, Williams P, Robillard B, Garcia F, Poncet-Legrand C, Cheynier V. Multimethod Approach for Extensive Characterization of Gallnut Tannin Extracts. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:13426-13438. [PMID: 32119539 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b08221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Gallotannins extracted from gallnuts are commonly added to wine to improve its properties. They consist of mixtures of galloylester derivatives of glucose. However, their composition and properties are not well-established. In this study, methods based on liquid chromatography coupled to ultraviolet-visible detection and mass spectrometry, size-exclusion chromatography, and one-dimensional (31P) and two-dimensional (1H diffusion ordered spectroscopy, 31P total correlated spectroscopy, and 1H/13C heteronuclear single-quantum correlation and heteronuclear multiple-bond correlation) nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies have been implemented for extensive chemical characterization of three commercial gallnut tannin extracts. Differences in the proportions of the different constituents (gallic, digallic, and trigallic acids and galloylglucose derivatives) and in the structure and molecular weight distributions of gallotannins were demonstrated between the three extracts, with chains containing 8.5, 12.2, and 12.4 galloyl groups on average for TAN A, TAN B1, and TAN B2, respectively. The antioxidant capacities of the extracts, evaluated using the 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) method, were similar and related mostly to their total tannin content, with only a limited impact of the tannin composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aude A Watrelot
- SPO, INRAE, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier SupAgro, 2 Place Pierre Viala, 34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Christine Le Guernevé
- SPO, INRAE, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier SupAgro, 2 Place Pierre Viala, 34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Hélène Hallé
- SPO, INRAE, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier SupAgro, 2 Place Pierre Viala, 34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Emmanuelle Meudec
- SPO, INRAE, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier SupAgro, 2 Place Pierre Viala, 34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Frédéric Véran
- SPO, INRAE, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier SupAgro, 2 Place Pierre Viala, 34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Pascale Williams
- SPO, INRAE, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier SupAgro, 2 Place Pierre Viala, 34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Bertrand Robillard
- Institut Œnologique de Champagne, Z.I. de Mardeuil, BP 25, 51201 Epernay Cedex, France
| | - François Garcia
- SPO, INRAE, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier SupAgro, 2 Place Pierre Viala, 34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Céline Poncet-Legrand
- SPO, INRAE, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier SupAgro, 2 Place Pierre Viala, 34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Véronique Cheynier
- SPO, INRAE, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier SupAgro, 2 Place Pierre Viala, 34060 Montpellier, France
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Detti C, dos Santos Nascimento LB, Brunetti C, Ferrini F, Gori A. Optimization of a Green Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Different Polyphenols from Pistacia lentiscus L. Leaves Using a Response Surface Methodology. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E1482. [PMID: 33153159 PMCID: PMC7692629 DOI: 10.3390/plants9111482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Pistacia lentiscus leaves are used in several applications, thanks to their polyphenolic abundance. Thiswork aimed to characterize the polyphenols and to optimize the extraction conditions to shorten the time, decrease the consumption of solvent, and to maximize the yield of different classes of phenolics, which have diverse industrial applications. The variables were optimized by applying a Box-Behnken design. Galloyl and myricetin derivatives were the most abundant compounds, and two new tetragalloyl derivatives were identified by LC-MS/MS. According to the models, the maximum yields of polyphenols (51.3 ± 1.8 mg g-1 DW) and tannins (40.2 ± 1.4 mg g-1 DW) were obtained using 0.12 L g-1 of 40% ethanol at 50 °C. The highest content of flavonoids (10.2 ± 0.8 mg g-1 DW) was obtained using 0.13 L g-1 of 50% ethanol at 50 °C, while 0.1 L g-1 of 30% ethanol at 30 °C resulted in higher amounts of myricitrin (2.6 ± 0.19 mg g-1 DW). Our optimized extraction decreased the ethanolic fraction by 25% and halved the time compared to other methods. These conditions can be applied differently to obtain P. lentiscus extracts richer in tannins or flavonoids, which might be employed for various purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra Detti
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (C.D.); (C.B.); (F.F.)
| | - Luana Beatriz dos Santos Nascimento
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (C.D.); (C.B.); (F.F.)
| | - Cecilia Brunetti
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (C.D.); (C.B.); (F.F.)
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP), Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Ferrini
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (C.D.); (C.B.); (F.F.)
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP), Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Antonella Gori
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (C.D.); (C.B.); (F.F.)
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP), Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
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Sekowski S, Olchowik-Grabarek E, Wieckowska W, Veiko A, Oldak L, Gorodkiewicz E, Karamov E, Abdulladjanova N, Mavlyanov S, Lapshina E, Zavodnik IB, Zamaraeva M. Spectroscopic, Zeta-potential and Surface Plasmon Resonance analysis of interaction between potential anti-HIV tannins with different flexibility and human serum albumin. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 194:111175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Grgić J, Šelo G, Planinić M, Tišma M, Bucić-Kojić A. Role of the Encapsulation in Bioavailability of Phenolic Compounds. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E923. [PMID: 32993196 PMCID: PMC7601682 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9100923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived phenolic compounds have multiple positive health effects for humans attributed to their antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor properties, etc. These effects strongly depend on their bioavailability in the organism. Bioaccessibility, and consequently bioavailability of phenolic compounds significantly depend on the structure and form in which they are introduced into the organism, e.g., through a complex food matrix or as purified isolates. Furthermore, phenolic compounds interact with other macromolecules (proteins, lipids, dietary fibers, polysaccharides) in food or during digestion, which significantly influences their bioaccessibility in the organism, but due to the complexity of the mechanisms through which phenolic compounds act in the organism this area has still not been examined sufficiently. Simulated gastrointestinal digestion is one of the commonly used in vitro test for the assessment of phenolic compounds bioaccessibility. Encapsulation is a method that can positively affect bioaccessibility and bioavailability as it ensures the coating of the active component and its targeted delivery to a specific part of the digestive tract and controlled release. This comprehensive review aims to present the role of encapsulation in bioavailability of phenolic compounds as well as recent advances in coating materials used in encapsulation processes. The review is based on 258 recent literature references.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ana Bucić-Kojić
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, F. Kuhača 18, HR-31 000 Osijek, Croatia; (J.G.); (G.Š.); (M.P.); (M.T.)
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Forzato C, Vida V, Berti F. Biosensors and Sensing Systems for Rapid Analysis of Phenolic Compounds from Plants: A Comprehensive Review. BIOSENSORS 2020; 10:E105. [PMID: 32846992 PMCID: PMC7557957 DOI: 10.3390/bios10090105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds are secondary metabolites frequently found in plants that exhibit many different effects on human health. Because of the relevant bioactivity, their identification and quantification in agro-food matrices as well as in biological samples are a fundamental issue in the field of quality control of food and food supplements, and clinical analysis. In this review, a critical selection of sensors and biosensors for rapid and selective detection of phenolic compounds is discussed. Sensors based on electrochemistry, photoelectrochemistry, fluorescence, and colorimetry are discussed including devices with or without specific recognition elements, such as biomolecules, enzymes and molecularly imprinted materials. Systems that have been tested on real matrices are prevalently considered but also techniques that show potential development in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Federico Berti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Trieste, via Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (C.F.); (V.V.)
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Wang YX, Han FY, Duan ZK, Chang Y, Lin B, Wang XB, Huang XX, Yao GD, Song SJ. Phenolics from Archidendron clypearia (Jack) I.C.Nielsen protect SH-SY5Y cells against H 2O 2-induced oxidative stress. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2020; 176:112414. [PMID: 32446133 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Five undescribed phenolics named pithecellobiumin C-G, along with thirteen known ones were isolated from the twigs and leaves of Archidendron clypearia (Jack) I.C.Nielsen. Their structures were elucidated based on comprehensive spectroscopic analyses, combined with computer-assisted structure elucidation software (ACD/Structure Elucidator) and gauge-independent atomic orbitals (GIAO) NMR chemical shift calculations. The absolute configurations were determined by comparison of experimental and calculated specific rotation and ECD curves. These compounds were tested for their neuroprotective activities against H2O2-induced injury in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells by MTT assay. Pithecellobiumin C-E exhibited noticeable neuroprotective effect. Further pharmacological study demonstrated that they could prevent cell death through inhibiting the apoptosis induction. Flow cytometry assays also proved that these compounds could attenuate reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and mitochondrial dysfunction in SH-SY5Y cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Liaoning province, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng-Ying Han
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Liaoning province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Kang Duan
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Liaoning province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Chang
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Liaoning province, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Bo Wang
- Chinese People's Liberation Army Logistics Support Force No. 967 Hospital, Dalian, 116021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Liaoning province, People's Republic of China; Chinese People's Liberation Army Logistics Support Force No. 967 Hospital, Dalian, 116021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guo-Dong Yao
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Liaoning province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shao-Jiang Song
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Liaoning province, People's Republic of China.
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Sanna C, Maxia A, Fenu G, Loi MC. So Uncommon and so Singular, but Underexplored: An Updated Overview on Ethnobotanical Uses, Biological Properties and Phytoconstituents of Sardinian Endemic Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E958. [PMID: 32751394 PMCID: PMC7465485 DOI: 10.3390/plants9080958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The last decades have recorded an increase of plant-based drug discovery processes. Indeed, natural products possess a superior chemical diversity as compared to synthetic ones, leading to a renewal in searching for new therapeutic agents from the plant kingdom. In particular, since the structural variety of natural compounds reflects the biodiversity of their source organisms, regions of the world with high biodiversity and endemism deserve particular interest. In this context, Sardinia Island (Italy), with 290 endemic taxa (12% of the total flora), is expected to provide unique and structurally diverse phytochemicals for drug development. Several research groups built up a large program dedicated to the analysis of Sardinian endemic species, highlighting their peculiar features, both in respect of phytochemical and biological profiles. On this basis, the aim of this review is to provide an up-to-date and comprehensive overview on ethnobotanical uses, biological properties and phytoconstituents of Sardinian endemic plants in order to support their beneficial potential and to provide input for future investigations. We documented 152 articles published from 1965 to June 2020 in which a broad range of biological activities and the identification of previously undescribed compounds have been reported, supporting their great value as sources of therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Sanna
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Sant’Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (A.M.); (G.F.); (M.C.L.)
- Co.S.Me.Se—Consorzio per lo Studio dei Metaboliti Secondari, Via Sant’Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Andrea Maxia
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Sant’Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (A.M.); (G.F.); (M.C.L.)
- Co.S.Me.Se—Consorzio per lo Studio dei Metaboliti Secondari, Via Sant’Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Fenu
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Sant’Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (A.M.); (G.F.); (M.C.L.)
| | - Maria Cecilia Loi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Sant’Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (A.M.); (G.F.); (M.C.L.)
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Coimbra AT, Luís ÂFS, Batista MT, Ferreira SMP, Duarte APC. Phytochemical Characterization, Bioactivities Evaluation and Synergistic Effect of Arbutus unedo and Crataegus monogyna Extracts with Amphotericin B. Curr Microbiol 2020; 77:2143-2154. [DOI: 10.1007/s00284-020-02125-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Inhibition of interaction between Staphylococcus aureus α-hemolysin and erythrocytes membrane by hydrolysable tannins: structure-related activity study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11168. [PMID: 32636484 PMCID: PMC7341856 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68030-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the study was a comparative analysis of the antihemolytic activity against two Staphylococcus aureus strains (8325-4 and NCTC 5655) as well as α-hemolysin and of the membrane modifying action of four hydrolysable tannins with different molecular mass and flexibility: 3,6-bis-O-di-O-galloyl-1,2,4-tri-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose (T1), 1,2,3,4,5-penta-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose (T2), 3-O-galloyl-1,2-valoneoyl-β-d-glucose (T3) and 1,2-di-O-galloyl-4,6-valoneoyl-β-d-glucose (T4). We showed that all the compounds studied manifested antihemolytic effects in the range of 5–50 µM concentrations. However, the degree of the reduction of hemolysis by the investigated tannins was not uniform. A valoneoyl group—containing compounds (T3 and T4) were less active. Inhibition of the hemolysis induced by α-hemolysin was also noticed on preincubated with the tannins and subsequently washed erythrocytes. In this case the efficiency again depended on the tannin structure and could be represented by the following order: T1 > T2 > T4 > T3. We also found a relationship between the degree of antihemolytic activity of the tannins studied and their capacity to increase the ordering parameter of the erythrocyte membrane outer layer and to change zeta potential. Overall, our study showed a potential of the T1 and T2 tannins as anti-virulence agents. The results of this study using tannins with different combinations of molecular mass and flexibility shed additional light on the role of tannin structure in activity manifestation.
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Ahmad MZ, Li P, She G, Xia E, Benedito VA, Wan XC, Zhao J. Genome-Wide Analysis of Serine Carboxypeptidase-Like Acyltransferase Gene Family for Evolution and Characterization of Enzymes Involved in the Biosynthesis of Galloylated Catechins in the Tea Plant ( Camellia sinensis). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:848. [PMID: 32670320 PMCID: PMC7330524 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) leaves synthesize and concentrate a vast array of galloylated catechins (e.g., EGCG and ECG) and non-galloylated catechins (e.g., EGC, catechin, and epicatechin), together constituting 8%-24% of the dry leaf mass. Galloylated catechins account for a major portion of soluble catechins in tea leaves (up to 75%) and make a major contribution to the astringency and bitter taste of the green tea, and their pharmacological activity for human health. However, the catechin galloylation mechanism in tea plants is largely unknown at molecular levels. Previous studies indicated that glucosyltransferases and serine carboxypeptidase-like acyltransferases (SCPL) might be involved in the process. However, details about the roles of SCPLs in the biosynthesis of galloylated catechins remain to be elucidated. Here, we performed the genome-wide identification of SCPL genes in the tea plant genome. Several SCPLs were grouped into clade IA, which encompasses previously characterized SCPL-IA enzymes with an acylation function. Twenty-eight tea genes in this clade were differentially expressed in young leaves and vegetative buds. We characterized three SCPL-IA enzymes (CsSCPL11-IA, CsSCPL13-IA, CsSCPL14-IA) with galloylation activity toward epicatechins using recombinant enzymes. Not only the expression levels of these SCPLIA genes coincide with the accumulation of galloylated catechins in tea plants, but their recombinant enzymes also displayed β-glucogallin:catechin galloyl acyltransferase activity. These findings provide the first insights into the identities of genes encoding glucogallin:catechin galloyl acyltransferases with an active role in the biosynthesis of galloylated catechins in tea plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zulfiqar Ahmad
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Penghui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Guangbiao She
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Enhua Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Vagner A. Benedito
- Division of Plant & Soil Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Xiao Chun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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Hricovíniová J, Ševčovičová A, Hricovíniová Z. Evaluation of the genotoxic, DNA-protective and antioxidant profile of synthetic alkyl gallates and gallotannins using in vitro assays. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 65:104789. [PMID: 32035223 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
New gallotanins, methyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-galloyl-α-D-glucoside (G4Glc), methyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-galloyl-α-D-mannoside (G4Man), and methyl 2,3,4-tri-O-galloyl-α-L-rhamnoside (G3Rham), have been synthesized in order to study the protective effects of synthetic polyphenols that are structurally related with natural compounds. Apart from spectral analysis, examination of antioxidant ability and protective efficiency showed the differences among newly prepared compounds and commercial antioxidants - gallic acid (GA), methyl gallate (MG), and octyl gallate (OG) applying radical scavenging 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), reducing power and iron-chelating assays. The genotoxicity and DNA-protective potential of tested compounds on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were evaluated using the single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay) and DNA-topology assay. Experimental data revealed that gallotannins G3Rham, G4Man, and G4Glc possess significant radical scavenging/antioxidant activities and manifest very low genotoxic effect on human PBMCs. Moreover, tested compounds considerably reduce the level of DNA damage induced by hydrogen peroxide or Fe2+-ions. The results imply that new synthetic gallotannins can be considered as nontoxic agents for subsequent design of new antioxidants with potential biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Hricovíniová
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Andrea Ševčovičová
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences Comenius University, Mlynská dolina, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Zuzana Hricovíniová
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
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