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Capuozzo M, Celotto V, Landi L, Ferrara F, Sabbatino F, Perri F, Cascella M, Granata V, Santorsola M, Ottaiano A. Beyond Body Size: Adiponectin as a Key Player in Obesity-Driven Cancers. Nutr Cancer 2023; 75:1848-1862. [PMID: 37873648 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2023.2272343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Obesity, a complex and multifactorial disease influenced by genetic, environmental, and psychological factors, has reached epidemic proportions globally, posing a significant health challenge. In addition to its established association with cardiovascular disease and type II diabetes, obesity has been implicated as a risk factor for various cancers. However, the precise biological mechanisms linking obesity and cancer remain largely understood. Adipose tissue, an active endocrine organ, produces numerous hormones and bioactive molecules known as adipokines, which play a crucial role in metabolism, immune responses, and systemic inflammation. Notably, adiponectin (APN), the principal adipocyte secretory protein, exhibits reduced expression levels in obesity. In this scoping review, we explore and discuss the role of APN in influencing cancer in common malignancies, including lung, breast, colorectal, prostate, gastric, and endometrial cancers. Our review aims to emphasize the critical significance of investigating this field, as it holds great potential for the development of innovative treatment strategies that specifically target obesity-related malignancies. Furthermore, the implementation of more rigorous and comprehensive prevention and treatment policies for obesity is imperative in order to effectively mitigate the risk of associated diseases, such as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Francesco Sabbatino
- Oncology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Francesco Perri
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Cascella
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenza Granata
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
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2
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Luo J, He Z, Li Q, Lv M, Cai Y, Ke W, Niu X, Zhang Z. Adipokines in atherosclerosis: unraveling complex roles. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1235953. [PMID: 37645520 PMCID: PMC10461402 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1235953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipokines are biologically active factors secreted by adipose tissue that act on local and distant tissues through autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine mechanisms. However, adipokines are believed to be involved in an increased risk of atherosclerosis. Classical adipokines include leptin, adiponectin, and ceramide, while newly identified adipokines include visceral adipose tissue-derived serpin, omentin, and asprosin. New evidence suggests that adipokines can play an essential role in atherosclerosis progression and regression. Here, we summarize the complex roles of various adipokines in atherosclerosis lesions. Representative protective adipokines include adiponectin and neuregulin 4; deteriorating adipokines include leptin, resistin, thrombospondin-1, and C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 5; and adipokines with dual protective and deteriorating effects include C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 1 and C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 3; and adipose tissue-derived bioactive materials include sphingosine-1-phosphate, ceramide, and adipose tissue-derived exosomes. However, the role of a newly discovered adipokine, asprosin, in atherosclerosis remains unclear. This article reviews progress in the research on the effects of adipokines in atherosclerosis and how they may be regulated to halt its progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Luo
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiwei He
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingwen Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengna Lv
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuli Cai
- Department of Endocrinology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Ke
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuan Niu
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaohui Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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3
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Das A, Pathak MP, Pathak K, Saikia R, Gogoi U. Herbal medicine for the treatment of obesity-associated asthma: a comprehensive review. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1186060. [PMID: 37251328 PMCID: PMC10213975 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1186060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is fast growing as a global pandemic and is associated with numerous comorbidities like cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, gastroesophageal reflux disease, sleep disorders, nephropathy, neuropathy, as well as asthma. Studies stated that obese asthmatic subjects suffer from an increased risk of asthma, and encounter severe symptoms due to a number of pathophysiology. It is very vital to understand the copious relationship between obesity and asthma, however, a clear and pinpoint pathogenesis underlying the association between obesity and asthma is scarce. There is a plethora of obesity-asthma etiologies reported viz., increased circulating pro-inflammatory adipokines like leptin, resistin, and decreased anti-inflammatory adipokines like adiponectin, depletion of ROS controller Nrf2/HO-1 axis, nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-containing family, pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) associated macrophage polarization, hypertrophy of WAT, activation of Notch signaling pathway, and dysregulated melanocortin pathway reported, however, there is a very limited number of reports that interrelates these pathophysiologies. Due to the underlying complex pathophysiologies exaggerated by obese conditions, obese asthmatics respond poorly to anti-asthmatic drugs. The poor response towards anti-asthmatic drugs may be due to the anti-asthmatics approach only that ignores the anti-obesity target. So, aiming only at the conventional anti-asthmatic targets in obese-asthmatics may prove to be futile until and unless treatment is directed towards ameliorating obesity pathogenesis for a holistic approach towards amelioration of obesity-associated asthma. Herbal medicines for obesity as well as obesity-associated comorbidities are fast becoming safer and more effective alternatives to conventional drugs due to their multitargeted approach with fewer adverse effects. Although, herbal medicines are widely used for obesity-associated comorbidities, however, a limited number of herbal medicines have been scientifically validated and reported against obesity-associated asthma. Notable among them are quercetin, curcumin, geraniol, resveratrol, β-Caryophyllene, celastrol, tomatidine to name a few. In view of this, there is a dire need for a comprehensive review that may summarize the role of bioactive phytoconstituents from different sources like plants, marine as well as essential oils in terms of their therapeutic mechanisms. So, this review aims to critically discuss the therapeutic role of herbal medicine in the form of bioactive phytoconstituents against obesity-associated asthma available in the scientific literature to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparoop Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Manash Pratim Pathak
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Assam Down Town University, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Kalyani Pathak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Riya Saikia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Urvashee Gogoi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
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Zhang H, Zhang-Sun ZY, Xue CX, Li XY, Ren J, Jiang YT, Liu T, Yao HR, Zhang J, Gou TT, Tian Y, Lei WR, Yang Y. CTRP family in diseases associated with inflammation and metabolism: molecular mechanisms and clinical implication. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:710-725. [PMID: 36207402 PMCID: PMC10042840 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00991-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
C1q/tumor necrosis factor (TNF) related proteins (CTRPs) is a newly discovered adipokine family with conservative structure and ubiquitous distribution and is secreted by adipose tissues. Recently, CTRPs have attracted increasing attention due to the its wide-ranging effects upon inflammation and metabolism. To-date, 15 members of CTRPs (CTRP1-15) with the characteristic C1q domain have been characterized. Earlier in-depth phenotypic analyses of mouse models of CTRPs deficiency have also unveiled ample function of CTRPs in inflammation and metabolism. This review focuses on the rise of CTRPs, with a special emphasis on the latest discoveries with regards to the effects of the CTRP family on inflammation and metabolism as well as related diseases. We first introduced the structure of characteristic domain and polymerization of CTRPs to reveal its pleiotropic biological functions. Next, intimate association of CTRP family with inflammation and metabolism, as well as the involvement of CTRPs as nodes in complex molecular networks, were elaborated. With expanding membership of CTRP family, the information presented here provides new perspectives for therapeutic strategies to improve inflammatory and metabolic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital/The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Zi-Yin Zhang-Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital/The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Cheng-Xu Xue
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital/The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Xi-Yang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital/The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yu-Ting Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital/The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital/The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Hai-Rong Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital/The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital/The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Tian-Tian Gou
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital/The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital/The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Wang-Rui Lei
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital/The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China.
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital/The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China.
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
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The Effects of 12 Weeks of Concurrent and Combined Training on Inflammatory Markers, Muscular Performance, and Body Composition in Middle-Aged Overweight and Obese Males. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061482. [PMID: 36986212 PMCID: PMC10056532 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Previous studies have focused on the order of endurance and resistance training when performing concurrent training (CT). However, no study has compared the effects of combined training with CT orders on inflammatory markers, muscular performance, and body composition in overweight and obese males. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to compare the effects of 12 weeks of CT and combined training on the aforementioned markers in overweight and obese males. Methods: Sixty middle-aged overweight and obese males (age 51 ± 4 years) were randomly assigned into one of four groups: endurance followed by resistance training (ER; n = 15), resistance followed by endurance training (RE; n = 15), combined resistance and endurance training (COM), or control (CON; n = 15). Anthropometric, body composition, inflammatory marker, and muscular performance measurements were collected at baseline and after 12 weeks. Results: FFM remained unchanged in all three intervention groups (p > 0.05). Reductions in FM in the RE group were significantly greater than in CON (p = 0.038). The increases in serum concentrations of adiponectin in the RE group were significantly greater than in all other groups (p < 0.05). Increased serum concentrations of CTRP3 in all intervention groups were significantly greater than the CON group (p < 0.05); moreover, the increases in the RE group were significantly greater than CON (p < 0.001). Regarding CTRP5, the increase in RE was significantly greater than COM (p = 0.014). The RE group experienced significantly greater increases in CTRP9 than all other groups (p < 0.05), and the decreases in serum concentrations of CRP and TNF-α were significantly greater in the RE group compared to CON and ER (p < 0.05). Vo2max in the ER group was significantly greater than COM (p = 0.009), and all interventions resulted in higher gains compared to CON (p < 0.05). The increases in leg press strength, chest press strength, lower-body power, and upper-body power in the RE group were significantly greater than in the COM group (p < 0.05). In addition, the increases in chest press strength in the ER group were significantly greater than COM (p = 0.023). Conclusions: Regardless of training order, CT improved inflammatory markers, body composition, power, and VO2max. Notably, our analysis indicated significantly greater improvements in adiponectin, CTRP5, CTRP9, CRP, and TNF-α levels when RT preceded ET in CT sessions compared to other exercise training sequences. These findings suggested that the order of exercise training may have a significant impact on the effectiveness of CT on inflammatory markers, which has potential implications for exercise prescription and optimization of health-related training outcomes.
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Tang X, Arora G, Matias J, Hart T, Cui Y, Fikrig E. A tick C1q protein alters infectivity of the Lyme disease agent by modulating interferon γ. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111673. [PMID: 36417869 PMCID: PMC9909562 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In North America, the Lyme disease agent, Borrelia burgdorferi, is commonly transmitted by the black-legged tick, Ixodes scapularis. Tick saliva facilitates blood feeding and enhances pathogen survival and transmission. Here, we demonstrate that I. scapularis complement C1q-like protein 3 (IsC1ql3), a tick salivary protein, directly interacts with B. burgdorferi and is important during the initial stage of spirochetal infection of mice. Mice fed upon by B. burgdorferi-infected IsC1ql3-silenced ticks, or IsC1ql3-immunized mice fed upon by B. burgdorferi-infected ticks, have a lower spirochete burden during the early phase of infection compared with control animals. Mechanically, IsC1ql3 interacts with the globular C1q receptor present on the surface of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, resulting in decreased production of interferon γ. IsC1ql3 is a C1q-domain-containing protein identified in arthropod vectors and has an important role in B. burgdorferi infectivity as the spirochete transitions from the tick to vertebrate host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Tang
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Gunjan Arora
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jaqueline Matias
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Thomas Hart
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yingjun Cui
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Erol Fikrig
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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Lv C, Zhang Q, Zhao L, Yang J, Zou Z, Zhao Y, Li C, Sun X, Lin X, Jin M. African swine fever virus infection activates inflammatory responses through downregulation of the anti-inflammatory molecule C1QTNF3. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1002616. [PMID: 36311798 PMCID: PMC9598424 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1002616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is the most dangerous pig disease, and causes enormous economic losses in the global pig industry. However, the mechanisms of ASF virus (ASFV) infection remains largely unclear. Hence, this study investigated the host response mechanisms to ASFV infection. We analyzed the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between serum samples from ASFV-infected and uninfected pigs using quantitative proteomics. Setting the p-value < 0.05 and |log2 (fold change)| > 1.5, we identified 173 DEPs, comprising 57 upregulated and 116 downregulated proteins, which belonged to various biological processes and pathways based on the Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses. The enriched pathways include immune responses, metabolism, and inflammation signaling pathways. Western blot analysis validated the DEPs identified using quantitative proteomics. Furthermore, our proteomics data showed that C1QTNF3 regulated the inflammatory signaling pathway. C1QTNF3 knockdown led to the upregulation of pro-inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-8, and IL-6, thus inhibiting ASFV replication. These results indicated that C1QTNF3 was critical for ASFV infection. In conclusion, this study revealed the molecular mechanisms underlying the host-ASFV interaction, which may contribute to the development of novel antiviral strategies against ASFV infection in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjie Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- New-onset department, Research Institute of Wuhan Keqian Biology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China
- Department of pig disease prevention and control, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- College of Biomedicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhong Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- New-onset department, Research Institute of Wuhan Keqian Biology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Department of pig disease prevention and control, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengfei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Department of pig disease prevention and control, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaomei Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Department of pig disease prevention and control, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Xian Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Xian Lin, ; Meilin Jin,
| | - Meilin Jin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- New-onset department, Research Institute of Wuhan Keqian Biology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China
- Department of pig disease prevention and control, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Xian Lin, ; Meilin Jin,
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Decreased Epicardial CTRP3 mRNA Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Coronary Artery Disease Undergoing Elective Cardiac Surgery: A Possible Association with Coronary Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179988. [PMID: 36077376 PMCID: PMC9456433 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: C1q TNF-related protein 3 (CTRP3) is an adipokine with anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective properties. In our study, we explored changes in serum CTRP3 and its gene expression in epicardial (EAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissue in patients with and without coronary artery disease (CAD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) undergoing elective cardiac surgery. (2) Methods: SAT, EAT, and blood samples were collected at the start and end of surgery from 34 patients: (i) 11 without CAD or T2DM, (ii) 14 with CAD and without T2DM, and (iii) 9 with both CAD and T2DM. mRNA levels of CTRP3 were assessed by quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Circulating levels of CTRP3 and other factors were measured using ELISA and Luminex Multiplex commercial kits. (3) Results: Baseline plasma levels of TNF-α and IL6 did not differ among the groups and increased at the end of surgery. Baseline circulating levels of CTRP3 did not differ among the groups and decreased after surgery. In contrast, baseline CTRP3 mRNA levels in EAT were significantly decreased in CAD/T2DM group, while no differences were found for TNF-α and IL6 gene expression. (4) Conclusions: Our data suggest that decreased EAT mRNA levels of CTRP3 could contribute to higher risk of atherosclerosis in patients with CAD and T2DM.
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Micallef P, Vujičić M, Wu Y, Peris E, Wang Y, Chanclón B, Ståhlberg A, Cardell SL, Wernstedt Asterholm I. C1QTNF3 is Upregulated During Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Remodeling and Stimulates Macrophage Chemotaxis and M1-Like Polarization. Front Immunol 2022; 13:914956. [PMID: 35720277 PMCID: PMC9202579 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.914956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The adipose tissue undergoes substantial tissue remodeling during weight gain-induced expansion as well as in response to the mechanical and immunological stresses from a growing tumor. We identified the C1q/TNF-related protein family member C1qtnf3 as one of the most upregulated genes that encode secreted proteins in tumor-associated inguinal adipose tissue - especially in high fat diet-induced obese mice that displayed 3-fold larger tumors than their lean controls. Interestingly, inguinal adipose tissue C1qtnf3 was co-regulated with several macrophage markers and chemokines and was primarily expressed in fibroblasts while only low levels were detected in adipocytes and macrophages. Administration of C1QTNF3 neutralizing antibodies inhibited macrophage accumulation in tumor-associated inguinal adipose tissue while tumor growth was unaffected. In line with this finding, C1QTNF3 exerted chemotactic actions on both M1- and M2-polarized macrophages in vitro. Moreover, C1QTNF3 treatment of M2-type macrophages stimulated the ERK and Akt pathway associated with increased M1-like polarization as judged by increased expression of M1-macrophage markers, increased production of nitric oxide, reduced oxygen consumption and increased glycolysis. Based on these results, we propose that macrophages are recruited to adipose tissue sites with increased C1QTNF3 production. However, the impact of the immunomodulatory effects of C1QTNF3 in adipose tissue remodeling warrants future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Micallef
- Department of Physiology/Metabolic Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Milica Vujičić
- Department of Physiology/Metabolic Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Yanling Wu
- Department of Physiology/Metabolic Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Eduard Peris
- Department of Physiology/Metabolic Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Belén Chanclón
- Department of Physiology/Metabolic Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Anders Ståhlberg
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Susanna L Cardell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Wernstedt Asterholm
- Department of Physiology/Metabolic Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
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10
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Xue K, Shao S, Fang H, Ma L, Li C, Lu Z, Wang G. Adipocyte-Derived CTRP3 Exhibits Anti-Inflammatory Effects via LAMP1-STAT3 Axis in Psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 2022; 142:1349-1359.e8. [PMID: 34687744 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a systemic disease that is associated with metabolic disorders, which may contribute to abnormal adipokine levels. However, the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. Here, we investigated the role of the adipokine CTRP3 in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and comorbidities. The circulating CTRP3 level in patients with psoriasis was significantly lower than that in healthy controls and negatively correlated with metabolic risk factors. Rescuing CTRP3 levels with the GLP-1 receptor agonist exendin-4 in diet-induced obese mice could alleviate its more severe psoriatic symptoms in an imiquimod-induced mouse model. Topical application of CTRP3 also exerted a protective effect on imiquimod-induced normal diet mice. Moreover, CTRP3 could directly inhibit the inflammatory responses of psoriatic keratinocytes by blocking phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 via LAMP1 in vitro. We identified the critical psoriatic cytokines, including IL-17A and TNF-α, that impaired adipocyte differentiation and sufficient CTRP3 secretion. In sum, our study reveals that adipocyte dysfunction and low level of CTRP3 caused by IL-17A exacerbates psoriasis progression and related metabolic syndrome, implying a mechanism underlying the vicious cycle between psoriasis and metabolic disorders. Pharmacological agents that improve CTRP3 level in obese patients with psoriasis may be considered as a potential strategy for psoriasis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xue
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuai Shao
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hui Fang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lirong Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Caixia Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zifan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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Schmid A, Vlacil AK, Schuett J, Karrasch T, Schieffer B, Schäffler A, Grote K. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of C1q/Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Protein 3 (CTRP3) in Endothelial Cells. Cells 2021; 10:2146. [PMID: 34440913 PMCID: PMC8391708 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The C1q/TNF-related protein 3 (CTRP3) represents a pleiotropic adipokine reciprocally associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus and exhibits anti-inflammatory properties in relation to lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-mediated effects in adipocytes, as well as monocytes/macrophages. Here, we focused on the influence of CTRP3 on LPS-mediated effects in endothelial cells in order to expand the understanding of a possible anti-inflammatory function of CTRP3 in a setting of endotoxemia. An organ- and tissue-specific expression analysis by real-time PCR revealed a considerable Ctrp3 expression in various adipose tissue compartments; however, higher levels were detected in the aorta and in abundantly perfused tissues (bone marrow and the thyroid gland). We observed a robust Ctrp3 expression in primary endothelial cells and a transient upregulation in murine endothelial (MyEND) cells by LPS (50 ng/mL). In MyEND cells, CTRP3 inhibited the LPS-induced expression of interleukin (Il)-6 and the tumor necrosis factor (Tnf)-α, and suppressed the LPS-dependent expression of the major endothelial adhesion molecules Vcam-1 and Icam-1. The LPS-induced adhesion of monocytic cells to an endothelial monolayer was antagonized by CTRP3. In C57BL/6J mice with an LPS-induced systemic inflammation, exogenous CTRP3 did not affect circulating levels of TNF-α, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1. In conclusion, we characterized CTRP3 beyond its function as an adipokine in a setting of vascular inflammation. CTRP3 inhibited LPS-induced endothelial expression of adhesion molecules and monocyte cell adhesion, indicating an important vascular anti-inflammatory role for CTRP3 in endotoxemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Schmid
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Giessen, 35390 Giessen, Germany; (T.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Ann-Kathrin Vlacil
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Philipps-University Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany; (A.-K.V.); (J.S.); (B.S.); (K.G.)
| | - Jutta Schuett
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Philipps-University Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany; (A.-K.V.); (J.S.); (B.S.); (K.G.)
| | - Thomas Karrasch
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Giessen, 35390 Giessen, Germany; (T.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Bernhard Schieffer
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Philipps-University Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany; (A.-K.V.); (J.S.); (B.S.); (K.G.)
| | - Andreas Schäffler
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Giessen, 35390 Giessen, Germany; (T.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Karsten Grote
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Philipps-University Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany; (A.-K.V.); (J.S.); (B.S.); (K.G.)
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12
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Karrasch T, Höpfinger A, Schäffler A, Schmid A. The adipokine C1q/TNF-related protein-3 (CTRP-3) inhibits Toll-like receptor (TLR)-induced expression of Cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) in adipocytes. Cytokine 2021; 148:155663. [PMID: 34388476 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM CAMP (Cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide) expression in adipocytes is regulated by Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists. Secreted adipokines such as CTRP-3 have been suggested to participate in innate immune signaling in adipose tissue (AT). This study investigates whether TLR-induced CAMP expression in adipocytes is antagonized by CTRP-3. METHODS 3T3-L1 adipocytes were co-stimulated with TLR agonists (LPS, MALP-2, Pam3CSK4, pI:C) and recombinant CTRP-3. In a SIRS model, C57BL/6 wild-type mice were intraperitoneally (ip) injected with recombinant CTRP-3 prior to LPS. CAMP expression was analyzed by real-time PCR in AT of wild-type mice and in AT and primary adipocytes from transgenic mice lacking adipocyte CTRP-3 expression. Comparative transcriptome analysis by RNA seq. was applied in CTRP-3 KO adipocytes. RESULTS In vitro, CTRP-3 antagonized TLR4- and TLR1/2-induced CAMP expression in adipocytes whereas TLR3- and TLR2/6-mediated induction of CAMP was not affected. in vivo, application of exogenous CTRP-3 dose-dependently antagonized LPS-induced CAMP expression in intra-abdominal AT. CAMP expression in total AT and in primary adipocytes of subcutaneous and intra-abdominal AT did not differ between wild-type mice and transgenic mice lacking adipocyte CTRP-3 expression. CONCLUSIONS The study suggests a hypothetical role of CAMP in host defense not only against Gram-positive bacteria sensed by TLR1/2 and TLR2/6 but also against Gram-negative bacteria sensed by TLR4 and potentially against viruses sensed by TLR3. The machinery of TLR-mediated pro-inflammatory activation of the CAMP gene in adipocytes seems to be partly modulated by secreted adipokines belonging to the growing family of C1q/TNF-related proteins such as CTRP-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Karrasch
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Giessen, Germany
| | | | | | - Andreas Schmid
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Giessen, Germany.
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Schmid A, Schäffler A, Karrasch T. CTRP-3 Regulates NOD1-mediated Inflammation and NOD1 Expression in Adipocytes and Adipose Tissue. Inflammation 2021; 44:2260-2269. [PMID: 34165676 PMCID: PMC8616866 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01497-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory adipokine CTRP-3 might affect innate immune reactions such as NOD1. The impact of CTRP-3 on NOD1-mediated inflammation in adipocytes and monocytic cells as well as on NOD1 expression was investigated. Murine 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes and adipocytes as well as human THP-1 monocyte-like cells were co-stimulated with the synthetic NOD1 agonist Tri-DAP and recombinant CTRP-3. Gonadal adipose tissue and primary adipocytes were obtained from a murine model carrying a knockout (KO) of CTRP-3 in adipocytes but not in stroma-vascular cells. Wildtype mice with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced elevated NOD1 expression were treated with CTRP-3. Secreted inflammatory cytokines in cell supernatants were measured by ELISA and mRNA levels were quantified by RT-PCR. Pro-inflammatory chemokine and cytokine secretion (MCP-1, RANTES, TNFα) was induced by NOD1 activation in adipocytes and monocyte-like cells, and MCP-1 and RANTES release was effectively inhibited by pre-incubation of cells with CTRP-3. CTRP-3 also antagonized LPS-triggered induction of NOD1 gene expression in murine adipose tissue, whereas adipocyte CTRP-3 deficiency upregulated NOD1 expression in adipose tissue. CTRP-3 is an effective antagonist of peptidoglycan-induced, NOD1-mediated inflammation and of LPS-induced NOD1 expression. Since basal NOD1 expression is increased by adipocyte CTRP-3 deficiency, there have to be also inflammation-independent mechanisms of NOD1 expression regulation by CTRP-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Schmid
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital of Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Andreas Schäffler
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Karrasch
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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14
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Guo B, Zhuang T, Xu F, Lin X, Li F, Shan SK, Wu F, Zhong JY, Wang Y, Zheng MH, Xu QS, Ehsan UMH, Yuan LQ. New Insights Into Implications of CTRP3 in Obesity, Metabolic Dysfunction, and Cardiovascular Diseases: Potential of Therapeutic Interventions. Front Physiol 2020; 11:570270. [PMID: 33343381 PMCID: PMC7744821 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.570270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue, as the largest endocrine organ, secretes many biologically active molecules circulating in the bloodstream, collectively termed adipocytokines, which not only regulate the metabolism but also play a role in pathophysiological processes. C1q tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related protein 3 (CTRP3) is a member of C1q tumor necrosis factor-related proteins (CTRPs), which is a paralog of adiponectin. CTRP3 has a wide range of effects on glucose/lipid metabolism, inflammation, and contributes to cardiovascular protection. In this review, we comprehensively discussed the latest research on CTRP3 in obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Guo
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tongtian Zhuang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fuxingzi Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Su-Kang Shan
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jia-Yu Zhong
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming-Hui Zheng
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiu-Shuang Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ullah Muhammad Hasnain Ehsan
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ling-Qing Yuan
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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15
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Recinella L, Orlando G, Ferrante C, Chiavaroli A, Brunetti L, Leone S. Adipokines: New Potential Therapeutic Target for Obesity and Metabolic, Rheumatic, and Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Physiol 2020; 11:578966. [PMID: 33192583 PMCID: PMC7662468 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.578966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides its role as an energy storage organ, adipose tissue can be viewed as a dynamic and complex endocrine organ, which produces and secretes several adipokines, including hormones, cytokines, extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, and growth and vasoactive factors. A wide body of evidence showed that adipokines play a critical role in various biological and physiological functions, among which feeding modulation, inflammatory and immune function, glucose and lipid metabolism, and blood pressure control. The aim of this review is to summarize the effects of several adipokines, including leptin, diponectin, resistin, chemerin, lipocalin-2 (LCN2), vaspin, omentin, follistatin-like 1 (FSTL1), secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (SFRP5), C1q/TNF-related proteins (CTRPs), family with sequence similarity to 19 member A5 (FAM19A5), wingless-type inducible signaling pathway protein-1 (WISP1), progranulin (PGRN), nesfatin-1 (nesfatin), visfatin/PBEF/NAMPT, apelin, retinol binding protein 4 (RPB4), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in the regulation of insulin resistance and vascular function, as well as many aspects of inflammation and immunity and their potential role in managing obesity-associated diseases, including metabolic, osteoarticular, and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Luigi Brunetti
- Department of Pharmacy, Gabriele d’Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
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16
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Shanaki M, Shabani P, Goudarzi A, Omidifar A, Bashash D, Emamgholipour S. The C1q/TNF-related proteins (CTRPs) in pathogenesis of obesity-related metabolic disorders: Focus on type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Life Sci 2020; 256:117913. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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17
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Masoodian SM, Toolabi K, Omidifar A, Zabihi H, Rahimipour A, Shanaki M. Increased mRNA Expression of CTRP3 and CTRP9 in Adipose Tissue from Obese Women: Is it Linked to Obesity-Related Parameters and mRNA Expression of Inflammatory Cytokines? Rep Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 9:71-81. [PMID: 32821754 DOI: 10.29252/rbmb.9.1.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Obesity, a medical condition with impaired adipokine secretion and function, has a detrimental effect on insulin and glucose metabolism. CTRP3 and CTRP9 are adipokines with possible roles in energy homeostasis regulation. We sought to compare CTRP3, CTRP9, and inflammatory gene expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) from obese women who underwent bariatric surgery and non-obese women as controls. Methods For this study, the investigators recruited 20 morbidly obese women (BMI> 35) who qualified for bariatric surgery and 20 normal-weight women (BMI< 25) who underwent elective surgeries. Real-time PCR was performed to investigate mRNA expression of CTRP3, CTRP9, and the inflammatory genes IL1-β, IL-6, MCP-1, and TNF-α in SAT and VAT from both obese patients and controls. Results We observed that CTRP3 mRNA levels were significantly greater in VAT from obese patients than from controls (P< 0.0003). Also, patient group had higher levels of CTRP9 that control group (P< 0.0026). Inflammatory cytokines were markedly increased in SAT of obese patients compared to controls (P< 0.05). In addition, our results revealed a positive correlation of CTRP9 with HOMA-IR and waist circumference in VAT and CTRP3 with IL-1β, MCP-1, and TNF-α in SAT. Conclusion Both CTRP3 and CTRP9 expression were significantly higher in VAT from obese patients than from controls, and CTRP3 expression positively correlated with inflammatory parameters. Our findings indicate that CTRP3 and CTRP9 might be important in regulating glucose metabolism and obesity-related conditions such as inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Masoodian
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Karamollah Toolabi
- Department Surgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Omidifar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Zabihi
- Sina Hospital, Department of Surgery, school of medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Rahimipour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrnoosh Shanaki
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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18
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Does adiponectin play a role in the pathogenesis of chronic spontaneous urticaria? Cent Eur J Immunol 2020; 45:56-59. [PMID: 32425680 PMCID: PMC7226560 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2020.94678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chronic spontaneous urticaria constitutes an interdisciplinary problem and its pathogenesis is still a subject of debate. Overweight and hyperlipidemia are supposed to be related to chronic spontaneous urticaria. Fatty tissue can be the source of adipokines. Aim of the study To assess the potential role of adiponectin in chronic spontaneous urticaria pathogenesis. Material and methods The study included 52 chronic spontaneous urticaria patients and 43 healthy controls. The patients were divided into two subgroups: patients with wheals only, and patients with urticaria and an accompanying angioedema. The adiponectin concentration was measured in all studied subjects. Results No statistically significant difference in adiponectin level was determined between the studied groups and subgroups. Conclusions We are among the first to present the results of study to determine a possible role of adipokines in chronic spontaneous urticaria pathogenesis. We did not observe any difference in adiponectin level. In our opinion, it is necessary to conduct further analyses in this field.
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Mohamadinarab M, Ahmadi R, Gholamrezayi A, Rahvar F, Naghdalipour M, Setayesh L, Moradi N, Fadaei R, Chamani E, Tavakoli T, Esteghamati A. Serum levels of C1q/TNF-related protein-3 in inflammatory bowel disease patients and its inverse association with inflammatory cytokines and insulin resistance. IUBMB Life 2020; 72:1698-1704. [PMID: 32311832 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) are two major forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which is an inflammatory disease. Studies have shown that adipose tissue and inflammation play important roles in the pathogenesis of IBD. C1q/TNF-related protein-3 (CTRP3) is a newly discovered adipokine playing a substantial role during inflammatory process, and for the first time in the present study, serum levels of this adipokine were measured in the UC and CD patients. This case-control study included 70 control, 50 UC, and 50 CD patients who were diagnosed by standard criteria. Serum levels of adiponectin, IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β, and CTRP3 were evaluated using ELISA kits. Serum levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and TGF-β elevated in the UC and CD patients compared with the controls while adiponectin and CTRP3 diminished in the patient's groups compared with the control. Furthermore, decrease in CTRP3 serum levels was associated with the risk of UC and CD diseases. Moreover, CTRP3 indicated negative correlation with BMI, FBS, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, IL-6, TNF-α, and TGF-β and also a positive correlation with adiponectin in both the UC and CD patients. For the first time, the present study demonstrated lower levels of CTRP3 in the UC and CD patients. Decreased serum levels of CTRP3 and its inverse relationship with inflammatory cytokines and TGF-β levels suggested a possible role for CTRP3 in the pathogenesis of UC and CD diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mohamadinarab
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ahmadi
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Afsane Gholamrezayi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health-International Campus, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Rahvar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehri Naghdalipour
- Research Center of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Setayesh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Nariman Moradi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Reza Fadaei
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Elham Chamani
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Centre, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Tahmine Tavakoli
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Centre, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology Section, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Abdoulreza Esteghamati
- Research Center of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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20
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Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha maintains mouse articular cartilage through suppression of NF-κB signaling. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5425. [PMID: 32214220 PMCID: PMC7096515 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62463-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
HIF-1α, an essential transcription factor under hypoxic condition, is indispensable for chondrocytes during skeletal development but its expression and roles in articular chondrocytes are yet to be revealed. We examined HIF-1α protein expression and the hypoxic condition during mouse osteoarthritis (OA) development using state of the art hypoxic probes and found that its expression decreased as OA progressed, coinciding with the change in hypoxic conditions in articular cartilage. Gain- and loss-of-function of HIF-1α in cell culture experiments showed that HIF-1α suppressed catabolic genes such as Mmp13 and Hif2a. We confirmed these anticatabolic effects by measuring glycosaminoglycan release from wild type and conditional knock-out mice femoral heads cultured ex vivo. We went on to surgically induce OA in mice with chondrocyte-specific deletion of Hif1a and found that the development of OA was exacerbated. Increased expression of catabolic factors and activation of NF-κB signalling was clearly evident in the knock-out mice. By microarray analysis, C1qtnf3 was identified as a downstream molecule of HIF-1α, and experiments showed it exerted anti-catabolic effects through suppression of NF-κB. We conclude that HIF-1α has an anti-catabolic function in the maintenance of articular cartilage through suppression of NF-κB signalling.
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21
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Zhu H, Ding Y, Zhang Y, Ding X, Zhao J, Ouyang W, Gong J, Zou Y, Liu X, Wu W. CTRP3 induces an intermediate switch of CD14 ++CD16 + monocyte subset with anti-inflammatory phenotype. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:2243-2251. [PMID: 32104290 PMCID: PMC7027268 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) evokes a temporally coordinated immune response, in which monocytes are critically involved in the clearance of cell debris; however, excessive inflammation induced by the classical sub-population of monocytes frequently limits the endogenous reparative process. In the present study, the potential of the anti-inflammatory adipokine complement C1q tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related protein-3 (CTRP3) to induce intermediate switch of monocytes to an anti-inflammatory phenotype was explored. Circulating monocytes were isolated from patients with AMI at various time-points (3–5 h, 3 days and 7 days) and categorized by flow cytometry/immunostaining into three sub-divisions based on the expression of CD14 and CD16 epitopes: Classical (CD14++/CD16−), non-classical (CD14+/CD16++) and intermediate populations (CD14++/CD16+). The phagocytic activity was evaluated by the ingestion of FITC-Zymosan and 19F-nanoemulsion and the migratory activity using Thin Cert™ Transwell assay. Monocytes were cultured using autologous serum in the presence of CTRP3 (1 µg/ml) for 24 h and the expression of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and TNF-α was quantified by reverse-transcription quantitative PCR. In addition, SB203580, a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK inhibitor, was used to examine the downstream pathways of CTRP3. AMI evoked a transient increase in monocyte counts of the classical subset after onset of the ischemic insult, while the non-classical and intermediate subsets persistently expanded (P<0.01). The monocytes from patients at 3 days after AMI displayed enhanced phagocytic and migratory activities in comparison with those from healthy volunteers (P<0.01). Of note, addition of CTRP3 induced an intermediate switch of monocyte subsets and antagonized the enhanced expression of cytokines, particularly IL-6, in monocytes stressed by lipopolysaccharides, likely by blunting the ERK1/2 and P38 MAPK signaling pathway. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated a dynamic fluctuation of monocyte subsets and enhanced phagocytic and migratory activities in patients with AMI. Furthermore, the ‘proof-of-concept’ evidence pinpoints CTRP3 as an alternative candidate to modulate the ‘uncontrolled’ inflammatory response and thus to augment cardiac reparative processes in patients with AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Danyang, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Danyang, Jiangsu 212300, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Ding
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Danyang Hospital for Chinese Traditional Medicine, Danyang, Jiangsu 212300, P.R. China
| | - Youming Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Danyang, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Danyang, Jiangsu 212300, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Ding
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Danyang, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Danyang, Jiangsu 212300, P.R. China
| | - Jianfeng Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Danyang, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Danyang, Jiangsu 212300, P.R. China
| | - Weili Ouyang
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Danyang, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Danyang, Jiangsu 212300, P.R. China
| | - Junhui Gong
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Danyang, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Danyang, Jiangsu 212300, P.R. China
| | - Yuqin Zou
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Danyang, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Danyang, Jiangsu 212300, P.R. China
| | - Xueqing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Danyang, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Danyang, Jiangsu 212300, P.R. China
| | - Weidong Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, People's Hospital of Danyang, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Danyang, Jiangsu 212300, P.R. China
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Funcke JB, Scherer PE. Beyond adiponectin and leptin: adipose tissue-derived mediators of inter-organ communication. J Lipid Res 2019; 60:1648-1684. [PMID: 31209153 PMCID: PMC6795086 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r094060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The breakthrough discoveries of leptin and adiponectin more than two decades ago led to a widespread recognition of adipose tissue as an endocrine organ. Many more adipose tissue-secreted signaling mediators (adipokines) have been identified since then, and much has been learned about how adipose tissue communicates with other organs of the body to maintain systemic homeostasis. Beyond proteins, additional factors, such as lipids, metabolites, noncoding RNAs, and extracellular vesicles (EVs), released by adipose tissue participate in this process. Here, we review the diverse signaling mediators and mechanisms adipose tissue utilizes to relay information to other organs. We discuss recently identified adipokines (proteins, lipids, and metabolites) and briefly outline the contributions of noncoding RNAs and EVs to the ever-increasing complexities of adipose tissue inter-organ communication. We conclude by reflecting on central aspects of adipokine biology, namely, the contribution of distinct adipose tissue depots and cell types to adipokine secretion, the phenomenon of adipokine resistance, and the capacity of adipose tissue to act both as a source and sink of signaling mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Bernd Funcke
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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CTRP3 Protects against High Glucose-Induced Cell Injury in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2019; 2019:7405602. [PMID: 31428552 PMCID: PMC6681575 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7405602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Inflammation was closely associated with diabetes-related endothelial dysfunction. C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 3 (CTRP3) is a member of the CTRP family and can provide cardioprotection in many cardiovascular diseases via suppressing the production of inflammatory factors. However, the role of CTRP3 in high glucose- (HG-) related endothelial dysfunction remains unclear. This study evaluates the effects of CTRP3 on HG-induced cell inflammation and apoptosis. Materials and Methods To prevent high glucose-induced cell injury, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were pretreated with recombinant CTRP3 for 1 hour followed by normal glucose (5.5 mmol/l) or high glucose (33 mmol/l) treatment. After that, cell apoptosis and inflammatory factors were determined. Results Our results demonstrated that CTRP3 mRNA and protein expression were significantly decreased after HG exposure in HUVECs. Recombinant human CTRP3 inhibited HG-induced accumulation of inflammatory factors and cell loss in HUVECs. CTRP3 treatment also increased the phosphorylation levels of protein kinase B (AKT/PKB) and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in HUVECs. CTRP3 lost its inhibitory effects on HG-induced cell inflammation and apoptosis after AKT inhibition. Knockdown of endogenous CTRP3 in HUVECs resulted in increased inflammation and decreased cell viability in vitro. Conclusions Taken together, these findings indicated that CTRP3 treatment blocked the accumulation of inflammatory factors and cell loss in HUVECs after HG exposure through the activation of AKT-mTOR signaling pathway. Thus, CTRP3 may be a potential therapeutic drug for the prevention of diabetes-related endothelial dysfunction.
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Gao C, Zhao S, Lian K, Mi B, Si R, Tan Z, Fu F, Wang S, Wang R, Ma X, Tao L. C1q/TNF-related protein 3 (CTRP3) and 9 (CTRP9) concentrations are decreased in patients with heart failure and are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2019; 19:139. [PMID: 31182031 PMCID: PMC6558754 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-019-1117-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biochemical marker has revolutionized the approach to the diagnosis of heart failure. However, it remains difficult to assess stability of the patient. As such, novel means of stratifying disease severity are needed. C1q/TNF-Related Protein 3 (CTRP3) and C1q/TNF-Related Protein 9 (CTRP9) are novel adipokines that contribute to energy homeostasis with additional anti-inflammatory and anti-ischemic properties. The aim of our study is to evaluate concentrations of CTRP3 and CTRP9 in patients with HFrEF (heart failure with reduced ejection fraction) and whether associated with mortality. METHODS Clinical data and plasma were obtained from 176 healthy controls and 168 patients with HFrEF. CTRP3 and CTRP9 levels were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Both CTRP3 and CTRP9 concentrations were significantly decreased in the HFrEF group compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Moreover, patients with higher New York Heart Association class had significantly lower CTRP3 or CTRP9 concentrations. Correlation analysis revealed that CTRP3 and CTRP9 levels were positively related with LVEF% (CTRP3, r = 0.556, p < 0.001; CTRP9, r = 0.526, p < 0.001) and negatively related with NT-proBNP levels (CTRP3, r = - 0.454, p < 0.001; CTRP9, r = - 0.483, p < 0.001). After a follow up for 36 months, after adjusted for age, LVEF and NT-proBNP, we observed that CTRP3 or CTRP9 levels below the 25th percentile was a predictor of total mortality (CTRP3,HR:1.93,95%CI1.03~3.62,P = 0.042;CTRP9,HR:1.98,95%CI:1.02~3.85,P = 0.044) and hospitalizations (CTRP3,HR:2.34,95% CI:1.43~3.82,P = 0.001;CTRP9,HR:2.67,95%CI:1.58~4.50,P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS CTRP3 and CTRP9 are decreased in patients with HFrEF, proportionate to disease severity, and each is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT01372800 . Registered May 2011.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 15 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Shasha Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 15 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Kun Lian
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 15 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Baibing Mi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistic, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No.76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Rui Si
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 15 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhijun Tan
- Department of Statistics, The Fourth Military Medical University, 15 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Feng Fu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 15 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 15 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Rutao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 15 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xinliang Ma
- Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Ling Tao
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 15 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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Rasooli Tehrani A, Gholipour S, Sharifi R, Yadegari S, Abbasi-Kolli M, Masoudian N. Plasma levels of CTRP-3, CTRP-9 and apelin in women with multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2019; 333:576968. [PMID: 31129285 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2019.576968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, adipocytokines have been shown to play a pivotal role in autoimmune and inflammatory-related disease. The purpose of this study was to compare the levels of CTRP3, CTRP9, adiponectin and apelin- in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients with healthy subjects and their relationship with clinical parameters and the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators. METHODS Plasma levels of CTRP3, CTRP9, apelin, TNF-α, hs-CRP, and adiponectin were evaluated in 24 healthy women and 26 women with relapsing-remitting MS using immunoassay methods. RESULTS The plasma apelin level of the MS patients was significantly lower than that of healthy controls. The concentration of TNF-α and adiponectin were significantly higher in MS patients compared to the healthy controls. Plasma CTRP3, CTRP9 and hs-CRP levels were not significantly different between the two groups. There was no correlation between these adipokines and inflammatory mediators. A statistically significant negative correlation was observed between plasma concentrations of apelin with expanded disability status scale (EDSS) scores and number of relapse. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that adipokines, particularly apelin and adiponectin, may contribute to the pathogenesis of MS and can be considered as a biomarker or as a therapeutic target for the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Rasooli Tehrani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Islamic azad University, Damghan Branch, Damghan, Semnan, Iran
| | - Sakineh Gholipour
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Islamic azad University, Damghan Branch, Damghan, Semnan, Iran
| | - Roya Sharifi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Samira Yadegari
- Department of Neuro-ophthalmology and Strabismus, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abbasi-Kolli
- Student Research Committee, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Masoudian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Islamic azad University, Damghan Branch, Damghan, Semnan, Iran
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Penn-Nicholson A, Hraha T, Thompson EG, Sterling D, Mbandi SK, Wall KM, Fisher M, Suliman S, Shankar S, Hanekom WA, Janjic N, Hatherill M, Kaufmann SHE, Sutherland J, Walzl G, De Groote MA, Ochsner U, Zak DE, Scriba TJ. Discovery and validation of a prognostic proteomic signature for tuberculosis progression: A prospective cohort study. PLoS Med 2019; 16:e1002781. [PMID: 30990820 PMCID: PMC6467365 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A nonsputum blood test capable of predicting progression of healthy individuals to active tuberculosis (TB) before clinical symptoms manifest would allow targeted treatment to curb transmission. We aimed to develop a proteomic biomarker of risk of TB progression for ultimate translation into a point-of-care diagnostic. METHODS AND FINDINGS Proteomic TB risk signatures were discovered in a longitudinal cohort of 6,363 Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected, HIV-negative South African adolescents aged 12-18 years (68% female) who participated in the Adolescent Cohort Study (ACS) between July 6, 2005 and April 23, 2007, through either active (every 6 months) or passive follow-up over 2 years. Forty-six individuals developed microbiologically confirmed TB disease within 2 years of follow-up and were selected as progressors; 106 nonprogressors, who remained healthy, were matched to progressors. Over 3,000 human proteins were quantified in plasma with a highly multiplexed proteomic assay (SOMAscan). Three hundred sixty-one proteins of differential abundance between progressors and nonprogressors were identified. A 5-protein signature, TB Risk Model 5 (TRM5), was discovered in the ACS training set and verified by blind prediction in the ACS test set. Poor performance on samples 13-24 months before TB diagnosis motivated discovery of a second 3-protein signature, 3-protein pair-ratio (3PR) developed using an orthogonal strategy on the full ACS subcohort. Prognostic performance of both signatures was validated in an independent cohort of 1,948 HIV-negative household TB contacts from The Gambia (aged 15-60 years, 66% female), longitudinally followed up for 2 years between March 5, 2007 and October 21, 2010, sampled at baseline, month 6, and month 18. Amongst these contacts, 34 individuals progressed to microbiologically confirmed TB disease and were included as progressors, and 115 nonprogressors were included as controls. Prognostic performance of the TRM5 signature in the ACS training set was excellent within 6 months of TB diagnosis (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] 0.96 [95% confidence interval, 0.93-0.99]) and 6-12 months (AUC 0.76 [0.65-0.87]) before TB diagnosis. TRM5 validated with an AUC of 0.66 (0.56-0.75) within 1 year of TB diagnosis in the Gambian validation cohort. The 3PR signature yielded an AUC of 0.89 (0.84-0.95) within 6 months of TB diagnosis and 0.72 (0.64-0.81) 7-12 months before TB diagnosis in the entire South African discovery cohort and validated with an AUC of 0.65 (0.55-0.75) within 1 year of TB diagnosis in the Gambian validation cohort. Signature validation may have been limited by a systematic shift in signal magnitudes generated by differences between the validation assay when compared to the discovery assay. Further validation, especially in cohorts from non-African countries, is necessary to determine how generalizable signature performance is. CONCLUSIONS Both proteomic TB risk signatures predicted progression to incident TB within a year of diagnosis. To our knowledge, these are the first validated prognostic proteomic signatures. Neither meet the minimum criteria as defined in the WHO Target Product Profile for a progression test. More work is required to develop such a test for practical identification of individuals for investigation of incipient, subclinical, or active TB disease for appropriate treatment and care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Penn-Nicholson
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Thomas Hraha
- SomaLogic, Inc., Boulder, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Ethan G. Thompson
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - David Sterling
- SomaLogic, Inc., Boulder, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Stanley Kimbung Mbandi
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Kirsten M. Wall
- SomaLogic, Inc., Boulder, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Michelle Fisher
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Sara Suliman
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Smitha Shankar
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Willem A. Hanekom
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nebojsa Janjic
- SomaLogic, Inc., Boulder, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Mark Hatherill
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Jayne Sutherland
- Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
| | - Gerhard Walzl
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research and MRC Centre for TB Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | | | - Urs Ochsner
- SomaLogic, Inc., Boulder, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Daniel E. Zak
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Thomas J. Scriba
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- * E-mail:
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Elsaid HH, Elgohary MN, Elshabrawy AM. Complement c1q tumor necrosis factor-related protein 3 a novel adipokine, protect against diabetes mellitus in young adult Egyptians. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:434-438. [PMID: 30641739 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED C1q/TNF-related protein-3 (CTRP3) is a novel adipokine with anti-inflammatory and a multitude of biological effects on glucose and lipid metabolism however, the influence of CTRP3 on incidence of diabetes mellitus remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of CTRP3 levels in obese and normal body weight young adults on insulin resistance and occurrence of diabetes mellitus. SUBJECTS AND METHODS In this case control study, Serum levels of CTRP3, HbA1c, Lipid profile, glucose and insulin levels were determined in 75 obese and 68 normal body weight individuals. RESULTS In obese young adults CTRP3 concentrations were decreased compared to normal body weight young adults (NBW). The association between reduction of CTRP3 concentrations and the presence of diabetes is statistically significant. CTRP3 showed significant negative correlation with BMI, HOMA-IR and triglycerides as well as positive correlations with HDL - cholesterol while there is no association between CTRP3 and BMI within the NBW group. Higher HbA1C, HOMA-IR, and risk of diabetes development within obese subjects were related to lower CTRP3 concentration. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that reduction of CTRP3 concentrations is likely to bring a concomitant increase in risk of diabetes in obese and normal body weight young adults. Decrease in CTRP3 concentration may have an essential role in the pathophysiology of metabolic disorders concomitant to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa H Elsaid
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Marwan N Elgohary
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Arafa M Elshabrawy
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
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Wei WY, Ma ZG, Zhang N, Xu SC, Yuan YP, Zeng XF, Tang QZ. Overexpression of CTRP3 protects against sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction in mice. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 476:27-36. [PMID: 29655602 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein-3 (CTRP3) shows striking homologies of genomic structure to the adiponectin. In this study, we aimed to investigate the protective role of CTRP3 against sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy. Here, we overexpressed CTRP3 in myocardium by direct intramyocardial injection and constructed a model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis in mice. Our results demonstrated that cardiac-specific overexpression of CTRP3 remarkably attenuated myocardial dysfunction and increased the phosphorylation level of AMPKα during LPS-induced sepsis. The anti-inflammatory effects of CTRP3, as determined by decreased mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and a lower protein expression of phosphorylated NF-κB p65 and IκBα, was detected in mice following LPS treatment. Additionally, CTRP3 suppressed cardiac apoptosis induced by LPS in mice as indicated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining and western blot for Cleaved-caspase3, Bax and Bcl-2. In conclusion, CTRP3 could protect against sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction in mice. The cardioprotective effects of CTRP3 might be mediated by activating AMPKα signaling pathway and blunting inflammatory response and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ying Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Zhen-Guo Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Si-Chi Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yu-Pei Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Qi-Zhu Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China.
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Nicholson T, Church C, Baker DJ, Jones SW. The role of adipokines in skeletal muscle inflammation and insulin sensitivity. JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON 2018; 15:9. [PMID: 29760587 PMCID: PMC5944154 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-018-0185-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background There is currently an unmet clinical need to develop better pharmacological treatments to improve glucose handling in Type II Diabetes patients with obesity. To this end, determining the effect of obesity-associated adipokines on skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity has emerged as an important area of drug discovery research. This review draws together the data on the functional role of adipokines on skeletal muscle insulin signalling, highlights several understudied novel adipokines and provides a perspective on the direction of future research. Main body The adipokines leptin, resistin, visfatin and adiponectin have all been shown to affect skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity by impacting on the activity of components within insulin signalling pathways, affecting GLUT4 translocation and modulating insulin-mediated skeletal muscle glucose uptake. Furthermore, proteomic analysis of the adipose tissue secretome has recently identified several novel adipokines including vaspin, chemerin and pref-1 that are associated with obesity and insulin resistance in humans and functionally impact on insulin signalling pathways. However, predominantly, these functional findings are the result of studies in rodents, with in vitro studies utilising either rat L6 or murine C2C12 myoblasts and/or myotubes. Despite the methodology to isolate and culture human myoblasts and to differentiate them into myotubes being established, the use of human muscle in vitro models for the functional validation of adipokines on skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity is limited. Conclusion Understanding the mechanism of action and function of adipokines in mediating insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle may lead to the development of novel therapeutics for patients with type 2 diabetes. However, to date, studies conducted in human skeletal muscle cells and tissues are limited. Such human in vitro studies should be prioritised in order to reduce the risk of candidate drugs failing in the clinic due to the assumption that rodent skeletal muscle target validation studies will to translate to human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Nicholson
- 1MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Medical School, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2WB UK
| | - Chris Church
- 2MedImmune, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease (CVMD), Milstein Building, Granta Park, Cambridge, CB21 6GH UK
| | - David J Baker
- 2MedImmune, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease (CVMD), Milstein Building, Granta Park, Cambridge, CB21 6GH UK
| | - Simon W Jones
- 1MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Medical School, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2WB UK.,3Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, MRC-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Mindelsohn Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT UK
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30
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Lin J, Liu Q, Zhang H, Huang X, Zhang R, Chen S, Wang X, Yu B, Hou J. C1q/Tumor necrosis factor-related protein-3 protects macrophages against LPS-induced lipid accumulation, inflammation and phenotype transition via PPARγ and TLR4-mediated pathways. Oncotarget 2017; 8:82541-82557. [PMID: 29137283 PMCID: PMC5669909 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage inflammation and foam cell formation are critical events during the initiation and development of atherosclerosis (AS). C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein-3 (CTRP3) is a novel adipokine with anti-inflammatory and cardioprotection properties; however, little is known regarding the influence of CTRP3 on AS. As macrophages play a key role in AS, this study investigated the effects of CTRP3 on macrophage lipid metabolism, inflammatory reactions, and phenotype transition, as well as underlying mechanisms, to reveal the relationship between CTRP3 and AS. CTRP3 reduced the number of lipid droplets, lowered cholesteryl ester (CE), total cholesterol (TC), and free cholesterol (FC) levels, reduced the CE/TC ratio, and dose-dependently inhibited TNFα, IL-6, MCP-1, MMP-9 and IL-1β release in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated THP-1 macrophages and mouse peritoneal macrophages. Pretreatment with CTRP3 effectively increased macrophage transformation to M2 macrophages rather than M1 macrophages. Western blotting showed that the specific NF-κB pathway inhibitor ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) or siRNA targeting PPARγ/LXRα markedly strengthened or abolished the above-mentioned effects of CTRP3, respectively. These results show that CTRP3 inhibits TLR4-NF-κB pro-inflammatory pathways but activates the PPARγ-LXRα-ABCA1/ABCG1 cholesterol efflux pathway. Taken together, CTRP3 participates in anti-lipid accumulation, anti-inflammation and macrophage phenotype conversion via the TLR4-NF-κB and PPARγ-LXRα-ABCA1/ABCG1 pathways and, thus, may have anti-atherosclerotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Lin
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Xingtao Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Ruoxi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Shuyuan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Xuedong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Jingbo Hou
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
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Abstract
As the largest endocrine organ, adipose tissue secretes many bioactive molecules that circulate in blood, collectively termed adipokines. Efforts to identify such metabolic regulators have led to the discovery of a family of secreted proteins, designated as C1q tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related proteins (CTRPs). The CTRP proteins, adiponectin, TNF-alpha, as well as other proteins with the distinct C1q domain are collectively grouped together as the C1q/TNF superfamily. Reflecting profound biological potency, the initial characterization of these adipose tissue-derived CTRP factors finds wide-ranging effects upon metabolism, inflammation, and survival-signaling in multiple tissue types. CTRP3 (also known as CORS26, cartducin, or cartonectin) is a unique member of this adipokine family. In this review we provide a comprehensive overview of the research concerning the expression, regulation, and physiological function of CTRP3. © 2017 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 7:863-878, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Quillen College of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Gary L Wright
- Quillen College of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jonathan M Peterson
- Quillen College of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA.,College of Public Health, Department of Health Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
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Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the greatest cause of death, accounting for nearly one-third of all deaths worldwide. The increase in obesity rates over 3 decades is widespread and threatens the public health in both developed and developing countries. Obesity, the excessive accumulation of visceral fat, causes the clustering of metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, culminating in the development of CVD. Adipose tissue is not only an energy storage organ, but an active endocrine tissue producing various biologically active proteins known as adipokines. Since leptin, a central regulator of food intake and energy expenditure, was demonstrated to be an adipose-specific adipokine, attention has focused on the identification and characterization of unknown adipokines to clarify the mechanisms underlying obesity-related disorders. Numerous adipokines have been identified in the past 2 decades; most adipokines are upregulated in the obese state. Adipokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and resistin are pro-inflammatory, and exacerbate various metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. However, a small number of adipokines, including adiponectin, are decreased by obesity, and generally exhibit antiinflammatory properties and protective functions against obesity-related diseases. Collectively, an imbalance in the production of pro- and antiinflammatory adipokines in the obese condition results in multiple complications. In this review, we focus on the pathophysiologic roles of adipokines with cardiovascular protective properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne Bond Lau
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University
| | - Koji Ohashi
- Molecular Cardiovascular Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yajing Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University
| | - Hayato Ogawa
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Xin-Liang Ma
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University
| | - Noriyuki Ouchi
- Molecular Cardiovascular Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
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33
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Köbis JM, Rebl H, Goldammer T, Rebl A. Multiple gene and transcript variants encoding trout C-polysaccharide binding proteins are differentially but strongly induced after infection with Aeromonas salmonicida. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 60:509-519. [PMID: 27836722 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Two 'trout C-polysaccharide-binding proteins,' TCBP1 and -2, with relevance to early inflammatory events have been discovered in the last century. The present study characterises the respective cDNA sequences from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), including multiple TCBP1 transcript variants. These variants are generated either by the use of alternative splice sites or the exclusion of exons. The longest mRNA isoform, TCBP1-1, encodes a 245-aa protein with a large signal peptide and a complement component C1q domain. The shortest mRNA isoform, TCBP1-5, contains a premature termination codon and hence fails to encode a functional factor. The 224-aa-long TCBP2 protein consists of a comparably shorter signal peptide and a pentraxin domain. Evolutionary analyses clearly separated TCBP1 and -2 because of distinctive protein motifs. Expression profiling in the liver, spleen, and head kidney tissues of healthy trout revealed that TCBP2 mRNA concentrations were higher than the concentrations of all five TCBP1 mRNA isoforms together. The hepatic levels of these TCBP1 variants increased significantly upon infection with Aeromonas salmonicida, whereas TCBP2 transcript levels rose moderately. As the biological function of TCBP1 is barely understood, we tagged this factor with the green fluorescent protein and visualised its expression in HEK-293 cells. Overexpression of TCBP1 increased the level of active NF-κB factors and induced cell death, indicating its involvement in proapoptotic NF-κB-dependent signalling routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith M Köbis
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute for Genome Biology, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Henrike Rebl
- Rostock University Medical Center, Department of Cell Biology, Schillingallee 69, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Tom Goldammer
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute for Genome Biology, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Alexander Rebl
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute for Genome Biology, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
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Association of C1q/TNF-Related Protein-3 (CTRP3) and CTRP13 Serum Levels with Coronary Artery Disease in Subjects with and without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168773. [PMID: 28033351 PMCID: PMC5199067 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
C1q/TNF-Related Protein-3 (CTRP3) and CTRP13 are two newly discovered adipokines regulating glucose and lipid metabolism. But their role in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and coronary artery disease (CAD) is still in infancy. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of gene expression and serum levels of CTRP3 and CTRP13 with CAD, metabolic and inflammatory markers in patients with and without T2DM. Serum levels of CTRP3, CTRP13, adiponectin and inflammatory cytokines and their gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were determined in 172 subjects categorized as group I (without T2DM and CAD), group II (with CAD but no T2DM), group III (with T2DM but no CAD) and group IV (with T2DM and CAD). Serum levels and gene expression of CTRP3, CTRP13 and adiponectin in the group I were higher compared to other groups. Inflammatory cytokines in the control group were lower than other groups too. CTRP3 serum levels have an independent association with BMI, smoking and CTRP3 gene expression; also CTRP13 serum levels has an independent association with BMI, HDL-C, insulin, HOMA-IR, HbA1c and TNF-α. Decreased serum levels of CTRP3 and CTRP13 were also associated with CAD. It appears that the decreased levels of CTRP3 and especially CTRP13 were associated with increased risk of T2DM and CAD. These findings suggest an emerging role of these adipokines in the pathogenesis of CAD, but further studies are necessary to establish this concept.
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Wei H, Qu H, Wang H, Deng H. Plasma C1q/TNF-Related Protein-3 (CTRP-3) and High-Mobility Group Box-1 (HMGB-1) Concentrations in Subjects with Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes. J Diabetes Res 2016; 2016:9438760. [PMID: 27738641 PMCID: PMC5055961 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9438760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims. To detect the association of C1q/TNF-related protein-3 (CTRP-3) and high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB-1) in subjects with prediabetes (pre-DM) and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (nT2DM). Methods. 224 eligible participants were included. The 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and several clinical parameters of metabolic disorders and cytokines were measured. All participants were divided into three groups: normal glucose tolerance (NGT, n = 62), pre-DM (n = 111), and nT2DM group (n = 56). Results. Plasma CTRP-3 concentrations were significantly lower in subjects with pre-DM and nT2DM than that of the NGT group, while plasma HMGB-1 levels were higher in pre-DM and nT2DM group compared with the NGT group (P < 0.05). A multiple linear regression analysis showed both plasma CTRP-3 and HMGB-1 concentrations were independently associated with homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) (P < 0.05 for all). Further multiple logistical regression analyses revealed that both plasma CTRP-3 and HMGB-1 levels were significantly associated with pre-DM and nT2DM after adjusting for several confounders (P < 0.001 for all). Conclusions. Circulating CTRP-3 and HMGB-1 concentrations might be promising biomarkers to predict prediabetes and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huili Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hua Qu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Huacong Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- *Huacong Deng:
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Chen NN, He JR, Li WD, Kuang YS, Yuan MY, Liu XD, Zhang HZ, Hu SP, Xia HM, Qiu X. C1q and tumor necrosis factor-related protein 3 is present in human cord blood and is associated with fetal growth. Clin Chim Acta 2015; 453:67-70. [PMID: 26656444 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2015.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine the presence of C1q and tumor necrosis factor-related protein 3 (CTRP3) in cord blood and its relationship with fetal growth among Chinese newborns. METHODS This pilot study recruited 126 infants (small for gestational age [SGA], n=34; appropriate for gestational age [AGA], n=60; large for gestational age [LGA], n=32); cord blood CTRP3 levels were measured, and fetal growth parameters were collected. RESULTS Median (25-75th percentile) CTRP3 levels in the SGA, AGA, and LGA groups were 297.2 (236.4-360.2), 297.5 (261.0-369.9), and 368.6 (298.5-507.1) ng/ml, respectively (P=0.01). LGA infants had higher CTRP3 levels than AGA infants (multiple linear regression analysis; P=0.01). The CTRP3 levels were positively correlated with birth weight (r=0.25, P<0.01), Ponderal index (r=0.28, P<0.01), and placental weight (r=0.20, P=0.03) in the total study population. In the subgroup analysis, CTRP3 levels were negatively correlated with birth length z scores (r=-0.39, P=0.03) and were positively correlated with the Ponderal index (r=0.43, P=0.02) only in the SGA group; no other significant correlations were observed. The CTRP3 levels were similar between the sexes (P=NS). CONCLUSIONS CTRP3 is present in cord blood and might be involved in fetal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian-Nian Chen
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Rong He
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Dong Li
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Shu Kuang
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming-Yang Yuan
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Dan Liu
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Zhu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shun-Ping Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Min Xia
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiu Qiu
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Kim JY, Min JY, Baek JM, Ahn SJ, Jun HY, Yoon KH, Choi MK, Lee MS, Oh J. CTRP3 acts as a negative regulator of osteoclastogenesis through AMPK-c-Fos-NFATc1 signaling in vitro and RANKL-induced calvarial bone destruction in vivo. Bone 2015; 79:242-51. [PMID: 26103094 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Adipokines derived from adipocytes are important factors that act as circulating regulators of bone metabolism. C1q/tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related Protein-3 (CTRP3) is a novel adipokine with multiple effects such as lowering glucose levels, inhibiting gluconeogenesis in the liver, and increasing angiogenesis and anti-inflammation. However, the effects and the mechanisms of CTRP3 on bone metabolism, which is regulated by osteoblasts and osteoclasts, have not been investigated. Here, we found that CTRP3 inhibited osteoclast differentiation induced by osteoclastogenic factors in bone marrow cell-osteoblast co-cultures, but did not affect the ratio of receptor activator of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL) to osteoprotegerin (OPG) induced by osteoclastogenic factors in osteoblasts. We also found that CTRP3 inhibited osteoclast differentiation from mouse bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) induced by RANKL in a dose-dependent manner without cytotoxicity. Functionally, CTRP3 inhibited the F-actin formation and bone resorbing activity of mature osteoclasts. Pretreatment with CTRP3 significantly inhibited RANKL-induced expression of c-Fos and nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFATc1), essential transcription factors for osteoclast development. Surprisingly, the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) was considerably increased by pretreatment with CTRP3 for 1h. The CTRP3-stimulated AMPK activation was also maintained during RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. CTRP3 did not affect RANKL-induced p38, ERK, JNK, Akt, IκB, CREB, and calcium signaling (Btk and PLCγ2). These results suggest that CTRP3 plays an important role as a negative regulator of RANKL-mediated osteoclast differentiation by acting as an inhibitor of NFATc1 activation through the AMPK signaling pathway. Furthermore, CTRP3 treatment reduced RANKL-induced osteoclast formation and bone destruction in mouse calvarial bone in vivo based on micro-CT and histologic analysis. In conclusion, these findings strongly suggest that CTRP3 deserves new evaluation as a potential treatment target in various bone diseases associated with excessive osteoclast differentiation and bone destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Young Kim
- Imaging Science-based Lung and Bone Diseases Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Youl Min
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Min Baek
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Jun Ahn
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Young Jun
- Imaging Science-based Lung and Bone Diseases Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon-Ha Yoon
- Imaging Science-based Lung and Bone Diseases Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea; Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kyu Choi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea; Institute for Environmental Science, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeung Su Lee
- Imaging Science-based Lung and Bone Diseases Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea; Institute for Skeletal Disease, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jaemin Oh
- Imaging Science-based Lung and Bone Diseases Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea; Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea; Institute for Skeletal Disease, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea.
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Li D, Wu Y, Tian P, Zhang X, Wang H, Wang T, Ying B, Wang L, Shen Y, Wen F. Adipokine CTRP-5 as a Potential Novel Inflammatory Biomarker in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e1503. [PMID: 26356719 PMCID: PMC4616636 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000001503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Local and systemic inflammation often present in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Adipokines are secretory protein mediators by adipose tissue, which have been found to involve in inflammatory responses in many chronic inflammatory diseases. Therefore, we performed this preliminary clinical study to investigate the possible association between 2 adipokines, C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein-3 and -5 (CTRP-3 and CTRP-5), with lung function and other markers of inflammation in COPD. Serum CTRP-3 and CTRP-5 levels were measured in 73 COPD patients and 54 health controls, together with lung function and levels of adiponectin, CRP, TNF-α, and MPO in both groups. Pearson's partial correlation was used to analyze the correlations between CTRPs and other serum markers or lung function. Serum CTRP-5 was significantly elevated in COPD patients (0.41 ± 0.35 versus 0.29 ± 0.28 μg/ml, P = 0.01) and correlated inversely with FEV1/FVC ratio in all patients (r = -0.31, P = 0.001). In COPD patients, CTRP-5 was also correlated negatively with FEV1% predicted (r = -0.464, P < 0.001) and had a positive association with CRP levels (r = 0.262, P = 0.04). However, serum CTRP-3 levels were not correlated with measures of lung function or systemic inflammation. In conclusion, circulating CTRP-5 was associated with the severity of airflow obstruction and systemic inflammation in patients with COPD, which suggests that it may be used as a potential novel inflammatory biomarker in COPD. Further studies should be performed to clarify the exact role of CTRP-5 on the pathogenesis and outcomes of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diandian Li
- From the Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, Sichuan University (DL, YW, PT, XZ, HW, TW, YS, FW); Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University (DL, YW, PT, XZ, HW, TW, YS, FW); and Department of Laboratorial Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University (BY, LW)
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39
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Wolf RM, Steele KE, Peterson LA, Magnuson TH, Schweitzer MA, Wong GW. Lower Circulating C1q/TNF-Related Protein-3 (CTRP3) Levels Are Associated with Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study. PLoS One 2015. [PMID: 26222183 PMCID: PMC4519328 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose C1q/TNF-related protein-3 (CTRP3) is a novel adipokine that lowers blood glucose levels, reduces liver triglyceride synthesis, and is protective against hepatic steatosis in diet-induced obese mouse models. We hypothesized that higher circulating serum levels of CTRP3 would be associated with a lean body mass index (BMI) and a more favorable metabolic profile in humans. The aim of this study was to investigate CTRP3 levels in lean individuals compared to obese individuals. Methods This was a cross-sectional study of obese (n=44) and lean control patients (n=60). Fasting metabolic parameters were measured in all patients and serum CTRP3 levels were measured by ELISA. Results BMI of the lean group was 21.9 ± 0.2 kg/m2 and obese group was 45.2 ± 1.1 kg/m2. We found significantly lower circulating levels of CTRP3 in obese individuals (405 ± 8.3 vs. 436± 6.7ng/mL, p=0.004) compared to the lean group. Serum CTRP3 levels were inversely correlated with BMI (p=0.001), and triglycerides (p<0.001), and significantly associated with gender (p<0.01), ethnicity (p=0.05), HDL-cholesterol (p<0.01), and adiponectin (p<0.01). We found BMI (p<0.01), gender (p<0.01), and ethnicity (p<0.05) to be significant predictors of CTRP3 levels when controlling for age in multiple regression analysis. Conclusions CTRP3 is a beneficial adipokine whose circulating levels are significantly lower in obese individuals. Obesity causes dysregulation in adipokine production, including the down-regulation of CTRP3. Lower CTRP3 levels may contribute to the pathophysiology of metabolic disorders associated with obesity. Optimizing CTRP3 levels through novel therapies may improve obesity and its comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risa M. Wolf
- Department of Pediatrics, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, United States of America
- The Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Kimberley E. Steele
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Center for Bariatric Surgery, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, United States of America
| | - Leigh A. Peterson
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Center for Bariatric Surgery, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, United States of America
| | - Thomas H. Magnuson
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Center for Bariatric Surgery, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, United States of America
| | - Michael A. Schweitzer
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Center for Bariatric Surgery, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, United States of America
| | - G. William Wong
- Department of Physiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, United States of America
- The Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, United States of America
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40
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Hou Q, Lin J, Huang W, Li M, Feng J, Mao X. CTRP3 Stimulates Proliferation and Anti-Apoptosis of Prostate Cells through PKC Signaling Pathways. PLoS One 2015. [PMID: 26218761 PMCID: PMC4517796 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
C1q/TNF-related protein-3 (CTRP3) is a novel adipokine with roles in multiple cellular processes. However, little is known about its function in prostate cells. This study investigated the effects and mechanisms of CTRP3 in prostate cells. We first generated and purified CTRP3 protein in HEK 293T cells. Proliferation of RWPE-1 prostate cells was evaluated by MTT analyses under treatment with different concentrations of CTRP3 for various exposure times. The results revealed maximum enhancement of proliferation with 10 μg/mL CTRP3 for 72 h. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle were determined by TUNEL staining and flow cytometry analysis. TUNEL assay showed decreased TUNEL-positive cells in RWPE-1 prostate cells treated with CTRP3, and flow cytometry showed significantly decreased apoptotic cells upon CTRP3 treatment (treated cells, 8.34±1.175 vs. controls, 20.163±0.35) (P < 0.01). Moreover, flow cytometry analysis also showed a significant decrease of cells in the G1 phase and an increase of cells in the S and G2 phase upon CTRP3 treatment (treated cells, 42.85±1.40 vs. control, 52.77±0.90; 28.41±0.57 vs. 23.49±1.13; 27.08±1.97 vs. 22.20±1.32, respectively) (all P < 0.05). Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry identified differentially expressed proteins, including cytokeratin-19, GLRX3 and DDAH1, which were upregulated in CTRP3 treated cells, and cytokeratin-17 and 14-3-3 sigma, which were downregulated. GLRX3, DDAH1 and 14-3-3 sigma were confirmed using western blot analysis. A PKC inhibitor, staurosporine, was used to inhibit PKC activity in CTRP3 treated RWPE-1 cells. Staurosporine completely abolished the CTRP3-induced increased phosphorylation of intracellular PKC substrates and CTRP3-stimulated effect by RWPE-1 cells. Our results provide the first evidence for a physiological role of the novel adipokine, CTRP3, in prostate cells. Our findings suggest that CTRP3 could improve proliferation and anti-apoptosis of prostate cells through protein kinase C signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Hou
- Department of Urology, Longgang District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinyan Lin
- Health management center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wentao Huang
- Department of Urology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Maoyin Li
- Department of Urology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Feng
- Department of Urology, Longgang District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- * E-mail: (JF); (XM)
| | - Xiangming Mao
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- * E-mail: (JF); (XM)
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Wu D, Lei H, Wang JY, Zhang CL, Feng H, Fu FY, Li L, Wu LL. CTRP3 attenuates post-infarct cardiac fibrosis by targeting Smad3 activation and inhibiting myofibroblast differentiation. J Mol Med (Berl) 2015; 93:1311-25. [PMID: 26138247 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-015-1309-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Revised: 05/31/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein-3 (CTRP3) is a novel adipokine with modulation effects on metabolism, inflammation, and cardiovascular system. This study aimed to investigate the effect of CTRP3 on cardiac fibrosis and its underlying mechanism. The myocardial expression of CTRP3 was significantly decreased after myocardial infarction (MI). Adenovirus-delivered CTRP3 supplement attenuated myocardial hypertrophy, improved cardiac function, inhibited interstitial fibrosis, and decreased the number of myofibroblasts post-MI. In cultured adult rat cardiac fibroblasts (CFs), CTRP3 attenuated cell proliferation; migration; and the expression of connective tissue growth factor, collagen I, and collagen III induced by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1. Moreover, CTRP3 inhibited whereas CTRP3 small interfering RNA (siRNA) facilitated the expression of α-SMA and profibrotic molecules induced by TGF-β1. CTRP3 also attenuated TGF-β1-induced Smad3 phosphorylation, nuclear translocation, and interaction with p300. CTRP3 increased the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and Akt in both rat hearts and CFs. Adenine 9-β-D-arabinofuranoside (AraA), an AMPK inhibitor, abolished the protective effect of CTRP3 against TGF-β1-induced profibrotic response and Smad3 activation. Taken together, CTRP3 attenuates cardiac fibrosis by inhibiting myofibroblast differentiation and the subsequent extracellular matrix production. AMPK is required for the anti-fibrotic effect of CTRP3 through targeting Smad3 activation and inhibiting myofibroblast differentiation. KEY MESSAGE CTRP3 alleviates cardiac fibrosis in a rat post-MI model and in cardiac fibroblasts. CTRP3 inhibits fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation. CTRP3 exerts anti-fibrotic effect through targeting Smad3 activation. AMPK mediates the anti-fibrotic effect of CTRP3 by inhibition of Smad3 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hong Lei
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jin-Yu Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Cheng-Lin Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Han Feng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Feng-Ying Fu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Li-Ling Wu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Qu H, Deng M, Wang H, Wei H, Liu F, Wu J, Deng H. Plasma CTRP-3 concentrations in Chinese patients with obesity and type II diabetes negatively correlate with insulin resistance. J Clin Lipidol 2015; 9:289-94. [PMID: 26073386 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2015.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To analyze the association between the plasma C1q/TNF-related protein-3 (CTRP-3) concentrations, obesity, and type II diabetes in the Chinese population. METHODS The plasma CTRP-3 concentrations were analyzed in 174 Chinese subjects with obesity (n = 43), type II diabetes (n = 41), obesity combined with type II diabetes (n = 45), and healthy subjects (n = 45), as were various clinical parameters of obesity-related metabolic disorders and adipokines. RESULTS The plasma CTRP-3 concentrations were significantly lower in patients with obesity and type II diabetes than in healthy subjects (P < .01). Obese type II diabetic patients had the lowest CTRP-3 concentrations. Correlation analysis revealed that the plasma CTRP-3 concentrations were significantly negatively correlated with body mass index, waist circumferences, fasting plasma glucose, 2 h plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c, triglyceride, fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance, and interleukin 6 levels and were positively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (all P < .01). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that hemoglobin A1c (β = -0.232, P = .023), triglyceride (β = -0.147, P = .040), and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (β = -0.172, P = .031) were independently correlated with circulating CTRP-3. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that plasma CTRP-3 concentrations were significantly correlated with obesity, even after adjusting for glucose metabolic factors. CONCLUSIONS Chinese patients with obesity and type II diabetes have significantly lower plasma CTRP-3 concentrations than healthy subjects do, and plasma CTRP-3 is strongly associated with glucose and lipid metabolism, chronic inflammation, and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Qu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huili Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huacong Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Aguilar-Valles A, Inoue W, Rummel C, Luheshi GN. Obesity, adipokines and neuroinflammation. Neuropharmacology 2015; 96:124-34. [PMID: 25582291 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2014.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Global levels of obesity are reaching epidemic proportions, leading to a dramatic increase in incidence of secondary diseases and the significant economic burden associated with their treatment. These comorbidities include diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and some psychopathologies, which have been linked to a low-grade inflammatory state. Obese individuals exhibit an increase in circulating inflammatory mediators implicated as the underlying cause of these comorbidities. A number of these molecules are also manufactured and released by white adipose tissue (WAT), in direct proportion to tissue mass and are collectively known as adipokines. In the current review we focused on the role of two of the better-studied members of this family namely, leptin and adiponectin, with particular emphasis on their role in neuro-immune interactions, neuroinflammation and subsequent brain diseases. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'Neuroimmunology and Synaptic Function'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argel Aguilar-Valles
- Department of Neuroscience, Université de Montréal and Goodman Cancer Centre, Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Wataru Inoue
- Robarts Research Institute, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Christoph Rummel
- Department of Veterinary-Physiology and -Biochemistry, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Frankfurter Strasse 100, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Giamal N Luheshi
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H4H 1R3, Canada.
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Thanasupawat T, Glogowska A, Burg M, Wong GW, Hoang-Vu C, Hombach-Klonisch S, Klonisch T. RXFP1 is Targeted by Complement C1q Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Factor 8 in Brain Cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2015; 6:127. [PMID: 26322020 PMCID: PMC4534857 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2015.00127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The relaxin-like RXFP1 ligand-receptor system has important functions in tumor growth and tissue invasion. Recently, we have identified the secreted protein, CTRP8, a member of the C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein (CTRP) family, as a novel ligand of the relaxin receptor, RXFP1, with functions in brain cancer. Here, we review the role of CTRP members in cancers cells with particular emphasis on CTRP8 in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thatchawan Thanasupawat
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Aleksandra Glogowska
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Maxwell Burg
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - G. William Wong
- Department of Physiology, Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Cuong Hoang-Vu
- Clinics of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, Martin Luther University, Halle/Salle, Germany
| | - Sabine Hombach-Klonisch
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Thomas Klonisch
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- *Correspondence: Thomas Klonisch, Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, 130–745 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada,
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Schmid A, Kopp A, Hanses F, Karrasch T, Schäffler A. C1q/TNF-related protein-3 (CTRP-3) attenuates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced systemic inflammation and adipose tissue Erk-1/-2 phosphorylation in mice in vivo. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 452:8-13. [PMID: 24996172 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The C1q/TNF-related proteins comprise a growing family of adiponectin paralogous proteins. CTRP-3 represents a novel adipokine with strong expression in adipose tissue and was shown to inhibit chemokine and cytokine release in adipocytes and monocytes in vitro. The aim of the study was to gain the proof of principle that CTRP-3 is a potent anti-inflammatory adipokine in vivo. METHODS C57BL/6N mice were treated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 2h. The effects of a 30 min pre-treatment with CTRP-3 i.p. or intravenously (i.v.) on systemic and on epididymal, perirenal and subcutaneous adipose tissue inflammation was analyzed via real-time RT-PCR, ELISA and Western blot analysis. RESULTS LPS (1 μg i.p.) significantly increased serum IL-6 and MIP-2 levels as well as epididymal adipose tissue expression of IL-6 and MIP-2 in mice, whereas CTRP-3 (10 μg i.p.) alone or PBS (i.p.) had no effect. Pre-treatment of mice by CTRP-3 i.p. prior to LPS application significantly attenuated LPS-induced cytokine levels but had no effect on adipose tissue cytokine mRNA expression. In contrast to i.p. application of CTRP-3, systemic i.v. application was not sufficient to inhibit LPS-induced cytokine levels or mRNA tissue expression. CTRP-3 given i.p. significantly attenuated LPS-induced phosphorylation of Erk-1/-2 in inguinal adipose tissue. CONCLUSION The present study shows the proof of principle that the novel adipokine CTRP-3 is a potent inhibitor of LPS-induced systemic inflammation and LPS-induced signaling in adipose tissue in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Schmid
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Giessen University Hospital, Germany.
| | - Andrea Kopp
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Regensburg University Hospital, Germany
| | - Frank Hanses
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Regensburg University Hospital, Germany
| | - Thomas Karrasch
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Giessen University Hospital, Germany
| | - Andreas Schäffler
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Giessen University Hospital, Germany
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Ohashi K, Shibata R, Murohara T, Ouchi N. Role of anti-inflammatory adipokines in obesity-related diseases. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2014; 25:348-55. [PMID: 24746980 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2014.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Obesity results in many health complications. Accumulating evidence indicates that the obese state is characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation, thereby leading to the initiation and progression of obesity-related disorders such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and atherosclerosis. Fat tissue releases numerous bioactive molecules, called adipokines, which affect whole-body homeostasis. Most adipokines are proinflammatory, whereas a small number of anti-inflammatory adipokines including adiponectin exert beneficial actions on obese complications. The dysregulated production of adipokines seen in obesity is linked to the pathogenesis of various disease processes. In this review we focus on the role of the anti-inflammatory adipokines that are of current interest in the setting of obesity-linked metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Ohashi
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Rei Shibata
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Ouchi
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Japan.
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Abstract
Maintaining proper energy balance in mammals entails intimate crosstalk between various tissues and organs. These inter-organ communications are mediated, to a great extent, by secreted hormones that circulate in blood. Regulation of the complex metabolic networks by secreted hormones (e.g., insulin, glucagon, leptin, adiponectin, FGF21) constitutes an important mechanism governing the integrated control of whole-body metabolism. Disruption of hormone-mediated metabolic circuits frequently results in dysregulated energy metabolism and pathology. As part of an effort to identify novel metabolic hormones, we recently characterized a highly conserved family of 15 secreted proteins, the C1q/TNF-related proteins (CTRP1-15). While related to adiponectin in sequence and structural organization, each CTRP has its own unique tissue expression profile and non-redundant function in regulating sugar and/or fat metabolism. Here, we summarize the current understanding of the physiological functions of CTRPs, emphasizing their metabolic roles. Future studies using gain-of-function and loss-of-function mouse models will provide greater mechanistic insights into the critical role CTRPs play in regulating systemic energy homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus M Seldin
- Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
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Choi KM, Hwang SY, Hong HC, Choi HY, Yoo HJ, Youn BS, Baik SH, Seo HS. Implications of C1q/TNF-related protein-3 (CTRP-3) and progranulin in patients with acute coronary syndrome and stable angina pectoris. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2014; 13:14. [PMID: 24417980 PMCID: PMC3897880 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-13-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background C1q/TNF-related protein-3 (CTRP-3), an adiponectin paralog, and progranulin were recently identified as novel adipokines which may link obesity with glucose dysregulation and subclinical inflammation. We analyzed the relationship between CTRP-3, progranulin and coronary artery disease (CAD) in Korean men and women. Methods Circulating CTRP-3 and progranulin levels were examined in 362 Korean adults with acute coronary syndrome (ACS, n = 69), stable angina pectoris (SAP, n = 85), and control subjects (n = 208) along with various kinds of cardiometabolic risk factors. Results CTRP-3 concentrations were significantly decreased in patients with ACS or SAP compared to control subjects (P <0.001, respectively), whereas progranulin and adiponectin levels were similar. Correlation analysis adjusted for age and gender exhibited that CTRP-3 levels showed significant negative relationship with glucose (r = -0.110, P = 0.041) and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels (r = -0.159, P = 0.005), and positive relationship with HDL-cholesterol (r = 0.122, P = 0.025) and adiponectin levels (r = 0.194, P <0.001). In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, the odds ratio for CAD risk was 5.14 (95% CI, 1.83-14.42) in the second, and 9.04 (95% CI, 2.81-29.14) in the first tertile of CTRP-3 levels compared to third tertile after adjusting for other cardiometabolic risk variables. Conclusions Patients with ACS or SAP had significantly lower circulating CTRP-3 concentrations compared to control subjects, although progranulin levels were not different. These results suggest the possibility that CTRP-3 might be useful for assessing the risk of CAD. Trial registration (Clinical trials No.: NCT01594710)
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hong Seog Seo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, 80 Guro-Dong, Guro-Gu, Seoul 152-050, Korea.
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Hwang YC, Woo Oh S, Park SW, Park CY. Association of serum C1q/TNF-Related Protein-9 (CTRP9) concentration with visceral adiposity and metabolic syndrome in humans. Int J Obes (Lond) 2013; 38:1207-12. [PMID: 24357853 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2013.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND C1q/TNF-Related Protein (CTRP) family members are novel adipokines that have anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, glucose-regulating and vascular effects. However, the metabolic effects of CTRP9 remain unclear in humans. OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to investigate whether serum CTRP9 concentrations are associated with glucose tolerance, metabolic parameters and abdominal fat accumulation. In addition, the authors investigated whether the aforementioned effects of CTRP9 are independent of serum adiponectin levels. METHODS A total of 221 subjects (140 men and 81 women), 25-72 years of age (mean age 46.0 years), were randomly selected from two different study populations. The normal glucose tolerance group (n=120) was selected from one study population and the prediabetes/type 2 diabetes group (n=101) was selected from the other study population. Serum CTRP9, total adiponectin concentrations and abdominal fat via computed tomography scan were measured in all subjects. RESULTS Subjects in the lower serum CTRP9 tertile were older, had metabolically unhealthy profiles and had lower serum total adiponectin levels when compared with subjects in the middle or upper serum CTRP9 tertiles. In addition, serum CTRP9 concentration were inversely correlated with age, blood pressure, fasting glucose, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance, total cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (all P<0.01) and positively correlated with serum total adiponectin levels (P=0.03). In terms of abdominal fat accumulation, serum CTRP9 concentrations were inversely correlated with visceral fat amount (P<0.01), but no correlation was observed with subcutaneous fat amount. Finally, serum CTRP9 was inversely associated with the presence of metabolic syndrome, independent of age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, total cholesterol, visceral fat and serum total adiponectin concentrations (odds ratio per 1 s.d. 0.47; 95% confidence interval 0.32-0.70; P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Serum CTRP9 concentrations were positively associated with favorable glucose or metabolic phenotypes and absence of metabolic syndrome, independent of serum total adiponectin concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-C Hwang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Woo Oh
- Department of Family Medicine, Center for Obesity, Nutrition and Metabolism, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - S-W Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C-Y Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Murayama MA, Kakuta S, Maruhashi T, Shimizu K, Seno A, Kubo S, Sato N, Saijo S, Hattori M, Iwakura Y. CTRP3 plays an important role in the development of collagen-induced arthritis in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 443:42-8. [PMID: 24269820 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease exhibited most commonly in joints. We found that the expression of C1qtnf3, which encodes C1q/TNF-related protein 3 (CTRP3), was highly increased in two mouse RA models with different etiology. To elucidate the pathogenic roles of CTRP3 in the development of arthritis, we generated C1qtnf3(-/-) mice and examined the development of collagen-induced arthritis in these mice. We found that the incidence and severity score was higher in C1qtnf3(-/-) mice compared with wild-type (WT) mice. Histopathology of the joints was also more severe in C1qtnf3(-/-) mice. The levels of antibodies against type II collagen and pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNAs in C1qtnf3(-/-) mice were higher than WT mice. These observations indicate that CTRP3 plays an important role in the development of autoimmune arthritis, suggesting CTRP3 as a possible medicine to treat RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori A Murayama
- Center for Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo (IMSUT), Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; Department of Computational Biology, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-0882, Japan; Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Shigeru Kakuta
- Center for Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo (IMSUT), Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Takumi Maruhashi
- Center for Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo (IMSUT), Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Kenji Shimizu
- Center for Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo (IMSUT), Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Akimasa Seno
- Center for Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo (IMSUT), Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; Department of Computational Biology, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-0882, Japan
| | - Sachiko Kubo
- Center for Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo (IMSUT), Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Nozomi Sato
- Center for Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo (IMSUT), Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Shinobu Saijo
- Center for Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo (IMSUT), Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; PRESTO, JST, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Masahira Hattori
- Department of Computational Biology, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-0882, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Iwakura
- Center for Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo (IMSUT), Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; Department of Computational Biology, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-0882, Japan; Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Saitama 332-0012, Japan.
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