1
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Antonijevic M, Dallemagne P, Rochais C. Indirect influence on the BDNF/TrkB receptor signaling pathway via GPCRs, an emerging strategy in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. Med Res Rev 2025; 45:274-310. [PMID: 39180386 DOI: 10.1002/med.22075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Neuronal survival depends on neurotrophins and their receptors. There are two types of neurotrophin receptors: a nonenzymatic, trans-membrane protein of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) family-p75 receptor and the tyrosine kinase receptors (TrkR) A, B, and C. Activation of the TrkBR by brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) or neurotrophin 4/5 (NT-4/5) promotes neuronal survival, differentiation, and synaptic function. It is shown that in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative conditions (Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease) the BDNF/TrkBR signaling pathway is impaired. Since it is known that GPCRs and TrkR are regulating several cell functions by interacting with each other and generating a cross-communication in this review we have focused on the interaction between different GPCRs and their ligands on BDNF/TrkBR signaling pathway.
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2
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Boutonnet M, Bünemann M, Perroy J. The voltage sensitivity of G-protein coupled receptors: Unraveling molecular mechanisms and physiological implications. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 264:108741. [PMID: 39489434 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Revised: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 10/29/2024] [Indexed: 11/05/2024]
Abstract
In the landscape of proteins controlled by membrane voltage (Vm), like voltage-gated ionotropic channels, the emergence of the voltage sensitivity within the vast family of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) marked a significant milestone at the onset of the 21st century. Since its discovery, extensive research has been devoted to understanding the intricate relationship between Vm and GPCRs. Approximately 30 GPCRs out of a family comprising more than 800 receptors have been implicated in Vm-dependent positive and negative regulation. GPCRs stand out as the quintessential regulators of synaptic transmission in neurons, where they encounter substantial variations in Vm. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the Vm sensor of GPCRs remains enigmatic, hindered by the scarcity of mutant GPCRs insensitive to Vm yet functionally intact, impeding a comprehensive understanding of this unique property in physiology. Nevertheless, two decades of dedicated research have furnished numerous insights into the molecular aspects of GPCR Vm-sensing, accompanied by recently proposed physiological roles as well as pharmacological potential, which we encapsulate in this review. The Vm sensitivity of GPCRs emerges as a pivotal attribute, shedding light on previously unforeseen roles in synaptic transmission and extending beyond, underscoring its significance in cellular signaling and physiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marin Boutonnet
- IGF, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Moritz Bünemann
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Julie Perroy
- IGF, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France.
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3
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Vera-López KJ, Davila-Del-Carpio G, Nieto-Montesinos R. Macamides as Potential Therapeutic Agents in Neurological Disorders. Neurol Int 2024; 16:1611-1625. [PMID: 39585076 PMCID: PMC11587492 DOI: 10.3390/neurolint16060117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2024] [Revised: 11/15/2024] [Accepted: 11/16/2024] [Indexed: 11/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic treatment of nervous system disorders has represented one of the significant challenges in medicine for the past several decades. Technological and medical advances have made it possible to recognize different neurological disorders, which has led to more precise identification of potential therapeutic targets, in turn leading to research into developing drugs aimed at these disorders. In this sense, recent years have seen an increase in exploration of the therapeutic effects of various metabolites extracted from Maca (Lepidium meyenii), a plant native to the central alpine region of Peru. Among the most important secondary metabolites contained in this plant are macamides, molecules derived from N-benzylamides of long-chain fatty acids. Macamides have been proposed as active drugs to treat some neurological disorders. Their excellent human tolerance and low toxicity along with neuroprotective, immune-enhancing, and and antioxidant properties make them ideal for exploration as therapeutic agents. In this review, we have compiled information from various studies on macamides, along with theories about the metabolic pathways on which they act.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rita Nieto-Montesinos
- Escuela Profesional de Farmacía y Bioquímica, Universidad Católica de Santa María, Urb. San José s/n—Umacollo, Arequipa 04000, Peru; (K.J.V.-L.); (G.D.-D.-C.)
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4
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Miyamoto K, Sujino T, Kanai T. The tryptophan metabolic pathway of the microbiome and host cells in health and disease. Int Immunol 2024; 36:601-616. [PMID: 38869080 PMCID: PMC11562643 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxae035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The intricate and dynamic tryptophan (Trp) metabolic pathway in both the microbiome and host cells highlights its profound implications for health and disease. This pathway involves complex interactions between host cellular and bacteria processes, producing bioactive compounds such as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and kynurenine derivatives. Immune responses to Trp metabolites through specific receptors have been explored, highlighting the role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in inflammation modulation. Dysregulation of this pathway is implicated in various diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, mood disorders, neuronal diseases, autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), and cancer. In this article, we describe the impact of the 5-HT, Trp, indole, and Trp metabolites on health and disease. Furthermore, we review the impact of microbiome-derived Trp metabolites that affect immune responses and contribute to maintaining homeostasis, especially in an experimental autoimmune encephalitis model of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Miyamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co., Research Laboratory, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Sujino
- Center for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Endoscopy, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Keio Global Research Institute, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanori Kanai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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5
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Buckley M, Jacob WP, Bortey L, McClain ME, Ritter AL, Godfrey A, Munneke AS, Ramachandran S, Kenis S, Kolnik JC, Olofsson S, Nenadovich M, Kutoloski T, Rademacher L, Alva A, Heinecke O, Adkins R, Parkar S, Bhagat R, Lunato J, Beets I, Francis MM, Kowalski JR. Cell non-autonomous signaling through the conserved C. elegans glycoprotein hormone receptor FSHR-1 regulates cholinergic neurotransmission. PLoS Genet 2024; 20:e1011461. [PMID: 39561202 PMCID: PMC11614273 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1011461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 12/03/2024] [Accepted: 10/14/2024] [Indexed: 11/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Modulation of neurotransmission is key for organismal responses to varying physiological contexts such as during infection, injury, or other stresses, as well as in learning and memory and for sensory adaptation. Roles for cell autonomous neuromodulatory mechanisms in these processes have been well described. The importance of cell non-autonomous pathways for inter-tissue signaling, such as gut-to-brain or glia-to-neuron, has emerged more recently, but the cellular mechanisms mediating such regulation remain comparatively unexplored. Glycoproteins and their G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are well-established orchestrators of multi-tissue signaling events that govern diverse physiological processes through both cell-autonomous and cell non-autonomous regulation. Here, we show that follicle stimulating hormone receptor, FSHR-1, the sole Caenorhabditis elegans ortholog of mammalian glycoprotein hormone GPCRs, is important for cell non-autonomous modulation of synaptic transmission. Inhibition of fshr-1 expression reduces muscle contraction and leads to synaptic vesicle accumulation in cholinergic motor neurons. The neuromuscular and locomotor defects in fshr-1 loss-of-function mutants are associated with an underlying accumulation of synaptic vesicles, build-up of the synaptic vesicle priming factor UNC-10/RIM, and decreased synaptic vesicle release from cholinergic motor neurons. Restoration of FSHR-1 to the intestine is sufficient to restore neuromuscular activity and synaptic vesicle localization to fshr-1-deficient animals. Intestine-specific knockdown of FSHR-1 reduces neuromuscular function, indicating FSHR-1 is both necessary and sufficient in the intestine for its neuromuscular effects. Re-expression of FSHR-1 in other sites of endogenous expression, including glial cells and neurons, also restored some neuromuscular deficits, indicating potential cross-tissue regulation from these tissues as well. Genetic interaction studies provide evidence that downstream effectors gsa-1/GαS, acy-1/adenylyl cyclase and sphk-1/sphingosine kinase and glycoprotein hormone subunit orthologs, GPLA-1/GPA2 and GPLB-1/GPB5, are important for intestinal FSHR-1 modulation of the NMJ. Together, our results demonstrate that FSHR-1 modulation directs inter-tissue signaling systems, which promote synaptic vesicle release at neuromuscular synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Buckley
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - William P. Jacob
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Letitia Bortey
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Makenzi E. McClain
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Alyssa L. Ritter
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Amy Godfrey
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Allyson S. Munneke
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Shankar Ramachandran
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Chan School of Medicine, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Signe Kenis
- Neural Signaling and Circuit Plasticity Group, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Julie C. Kolnik
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Sarah Olofsson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Milica Nenadovich
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Tanner Kutoloski
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Lillian Rademacher
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Alexandra Alva
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Olivia Heinecke
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Ryan Adkins
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Shums Parkar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Reesha Bhagat
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Jaelin Lunato
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Isabel Beets
- Neural Signaling and Circuit Plasticity Group, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michael M. Francis
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Chan School of Medicine, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jennifer R. Kowalski
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
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6
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Kim J, Choi C. Orphan GPCRs in Neurodegenerative Disorders: Integrating Structural Biology and Drug Discovery Approaches. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:11646-11664. [PMID: 39451571 PMCID: PMC11505999 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46100691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2024] [Revised: 10/11/2024] [Accepted: 10/17/2024] [Indexed: 10/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders, particularly Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, continue to challenge modern medicine despite therapeutic advances. Orphan G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have emerged as promising targets in the central nervous system, offering new avenues for drug development. This review focuses on the structural biology of orphan GPCRs implicated in these disorders, providing a comprehensive analysis of their molecular architecture and functional mechanisms. We examine recent breakthroughs in structural determination techniques, such as cryo-electron microscopy and X-ray crystallography, which have elucidated the intricate conformations of these receptors. The review highlights how structural insights inform our understanding of orphan GPCR activation, ligand binding and signaling pathways. By integrating structural data with molecular pharmacology, we explore the potential of structure-guided approaches in developing targeted therapeutics toward orphan GPCRs. This structural-biology-centered perspective aims to deepen our comprehension of orphan GPCRs and guide future drug discovery efforts in neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinuk Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea;
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7
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Skobeleva K, Wang G, Kaznacheyeva E. STIM Proteins: The Gas and Brake of Calcium Entry in Neurons. Neurosci Bull 2024:10.1007/s12264-024-01272-5. [PMID: 39266936 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-024-01272-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Stromal interaction molecules (STIM)s are Ca2+ sensors in internal Ca2+ stores of the endoplasmic reticulum. They activate the store-operated Ca2+ channels, which are the main source of Ca2+ entry in non-excitable cells. Moreover, STIM proteins interact with other Ca2+ channel subunits and active transporters, making STIMs an important intermediate molecule in orchestrating a wide variety of Ca2+ influxes into excitable cells. Nevertheless, little is known about the role of STIM proteins in brain functioning. Being involved in many signaling pathways, STIMs replenish internal Ca2+ stores in neurons and mediate synaptic transmission and neuronal excitability. Ca2+ dyshomeostasis is a signature of many pathological conditions of the brain, including neurodegenerative diseases, injuries, stroke, and epilepsy. STIMs play a role in these disturbances not only by supporting abnormal store-operated Ca2+ entry but also by regulating Ca2+ influx through other channels. Here, we review the present knowledge of STIMs in neurons and their involvement in brain pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia Skobeleva
- Laboratory of Ion Channels of Cell Membranes, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia, 194064
| | - Guanghui Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Elena Kaznacheyeva
- Laboratory of Ion Channels of Cell Membranes, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia, 194064.
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8
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Bao L, Zhu J, Shi T, Jiang Y, Li B, Huang J, Ji X. Increased transcriptional elongation and RNA stability of GPCR ligand binding genes unveiled via RNA polymerase II degradation. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:8165-8183. [PMID: 38842922 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
RNA polymerase II drives mRNA gene expression, yet our understanding of Pol II degradation is limited. Using auxin-inducible degron, we degraded Pol II's RPB1 subunit, resulting in global repression. Surprisingly, certain genes exhibited increased RNA levels post-degradation. These genes are associated with GPCR ligand binding and are characterized by being less paused and comprising polycomb-bound short genes. RPB1 degradation globally increased KDM6B binding, which was insufficient to explain specific gene activation. In contrast, RPB2 degradation repressed nearly all genes, accompanied by decreased H3K9me3 and SUV39H1 occupancy. We observed a specific increase in serine 2 phosphorylated Pol II and RNA stability for RPB1 degradation-upregulated genes. Additionally, α-amanitin or UV treatment resulted in RPB1 degradation and global gene repression, unveiling subsets of upregulated genes. Our findings highlight the activated transcription elongation and increased RNA stability of signaling genes as potential mechanisms for mammalian cells to counter RPB1 degradation during stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Bao
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Junyi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Tingxin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yongpeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Boyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Advanced Center of RNA Biology (BEACON), Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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9
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Tan J, Xiao Y, Kong F, Zhang X, Xu H, Zhu A, Liu Y, Lei J, Tian B, Yuan Y, Yan C. Molecular basis of human noradrenaline transporter reuptake and inhibition. Nature 2024; 632:921-929. [PMID: 39048818 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07719-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Noradrenaline, also known as norepinephrine, has a wide range of activities and effects on most brain cell types1. Its reuptake from the synaptic cleft heavily relies on the noradrenaline transporter (NET) located in the presynaptic membrane2. Here we report the cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of the human NET in both its apo state and when bound to substrates or antidepressant drugs, with resolutions ranging from 2.5 Å to 3.5 Å. The two substrates, noradrenaline and dopamine, display a similar binding mode within the central substrate binding site (S1) and within a newly identified extracellular allosteric site (S2). Four distinct antidepressants, namely, atomoxetine, desipramine, bupropion and escitalopram, occupy the S1 site to obstruct substrate transport in distinct conformations. Moreover, a potassium ion was observed within sodium-binding site 1 in the structure of the NET bound to desipramine under the KCl condition. Complemented by structural-guided biochemical analyses, our studies reveal the mechanism of substrate recognition, the alternating access of NET, and elucidate the mode of action of the four antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Tan
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Xiao
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Kong
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaochun Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Hanwen Xu
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Angqi Zhu
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Liu
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianlin Lei
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Boxue Tian
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yafei Yuan
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Chuangye Yan
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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10
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Palanivel V, Gupta V, Chitranshi N, Tietz O, Vander Wall R, Blades R, Maha Thananthirige KP, Salkar A, Shen C, Mirzaei M, Gupta V, Graham SL, Basavarajappa D. Neuropeptide Y receptor activation preserves inner retinal integrity through PI3K/Akt signaling in a glaucoma mouse model. PNAS NEXUS 2024; 3:pgae299. [PMID: 39114576 PMCID: PMC11305140 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY), an endogenous peptide composed of 36 amino acids, has been investigated as a potential therapeutic agent for neurodegenerative diseases due to its neuroprotective attributes. This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of NPY in a mouse model of glaucoma characterized by elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and progressive retinal ganglion cell degeneration. Elevated IOP in mice was induced through intracameral microbead injections, accompanied by intravitreal administration of NPY peptide. The results demonstrated that NPY treatment preserved both the structural and functional integrity of the inner retina and mitigated axonal damage and degenerative changes in the optic nerve under high IOP conditions. Further, NPY treatment effectively reduced inflammatory glial cell activation, as evidenced by decreased expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein and Iba-1. Notably, endogenous NPY expression and its receptors (NPY-Y1R and NPY-Y4R) levels were negatively affected in the retina under elevated IOP conditions. NPY treatment restored these changes to a significant extent. Molecular analysis revealed that NPY mediates its protective effects through the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of NPY in glaucoma treatment, underscoring its capacity to preserve retinal health, modulate receptor expression under stress, reduce neuroinflammation, and impart protection against axonal impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viswanthram Palanivel
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Vivek Gupta
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Nitin Chitranshi
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Ole Tietz
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Roshana Vander Wall
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Reuben Blades
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Kanishka Pushpitha Maha Thananthirige
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Akanksha Salkar
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Chao Shen
- Microscopy Unit, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Mehdi Mirzaei
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Veer Gupta
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Stuart L Graham
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
- Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
| | - Devaraj Basavarajappa
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
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11
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Guldager MB, Chaves Filho AM, Biojone C, Joca S. Therapeutic potential of cannabidiol in depression. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2024; 177:251-293. [PMID: 39029987 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a widespread and debilitating condition affecting a significant portion of the global population. Traditional treatment for MDD has primarily involved drugs that increase brain monoamines by inhibiting their uptake or metabolism, which is the basis for the monoaminergic hypothesis of depression. However, these treatments are only partially effective, with many patients experiencing delayed responses, residual symptoms, or complete non-response, rendering the current view of the hypothesis as reductionist. Cannabidiol (CBD) has shown promising results in preclinical models and human studies. Its mechanism is not well-understood, but may involve monoamine and endocannabinoid signaling, control of neuroinflammation and enhanced neuroplasticity. This chapter will explore CBD's effects in preclinical and clinical studies, its molecular mechanisms, and its potential as a treatment for MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matti Bock Guldager
- Department of Biomedicine, Health Faculty, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit (TNU), Department of Clinical Medicine, Health Faculty, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Caroline Biojone
- Department of Biomedicine, Health Faculty, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit (TNU), Department of Clinical Medicine, Health Faculty, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sâmia Joca
- Department of Biomedicine, Health Faculty, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit (TNU), Department of Clinical Medicine, Health Faculty, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
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12
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Birgül Iyison N, Abboud C, Abboud D, Abdulrahman AO, Bondar AN, Dam J, Georgoussi Z, Giraldo J, Horvat A, Karoussiotis C, Paz-Castro A, Scarpa M, Schihada H, Scholz N, Güvenc Tuna B, Vardjan N. ERNEST COST action overview on the (patho)physiology of GPCRs and orphan GPCRs in the nervous system. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38825750 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a large family of cell surface receptors that play a critical role in nervous system function by transmitting signals between cells and their environment. They are involved in many, if not all, nervous system processes, and their dysfunction has been linked to various neurological disorders representing important drug targets. This overview emphasises the GPCRs of the nervous system, which are the research focus of the members of ERNEST COST action (CA18133) working group 'Biological roles of signal transduction'. First, the (patho)physiological role of the nervous system GPCRs in the modulation of synapse function is discussed. We then debate the (patho)physiology and pharmacology of opioid, acetylcholine, chemokine, melatonin and adhesion GPCRs in the nervous system. Finally, we address the orphan GPCRs, their implication in the nervous system function and disease, and the challenges that need to be addressed to deorphanize them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Necla Birgül Iyison
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Bogazici, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Clauda Abboud
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, GIGA-Molecular Biology of Diseases, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Dayana Abboud
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, GIGA-Molecular Biology of Diseases, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | | | - Ana-Nicoleta Bondar
- Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, Magurele, Romania
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute for Computational Biomedicine (IAS-5/INM-9), Jülich, Germany
| | - Julie Dam
- Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Zafiroula Georgoussi
- Laboratory of Cellular Signalling and Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
| | - Jesús Giraldo
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology and Bioinformatics, Unitat de Bioestadística and Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
- Unitat de Neurociència Traslacional, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anemari Horvat
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology - Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Celica Biomedical, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Christos Karoussiotis
- Laboratory of Cellular Signalling and Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
| | - Alba Paz-Castro
- Molecular Pharmacology of GPCRs research group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago, Spain
| | - Miriam Scarpa
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hannes Schihada
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Nicole Scholz
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Division of General Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bilge Güvenc Tuna
- Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nina Vardjan
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology - Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Celica Biomedical, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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13
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Kanwal H, Sangineto M, Ciarnelli M, Castaldo P, Villani R, Romano AD, Serviddio G, Cassano T. Potential Therapeutic Targets to Modulate the Endocannabinoid System in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4050. [PMID: 38612861 PMCID: PMC11012768 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common neurodegenerative disease (NDD), is characterized by chronic neuronal cell death through progressive loss of cognitive function. Amyloid beta (Aβ) deposition, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and hyperphosphorylated tau proteins are considered the hallmarks of AD pathology. Different therapeutic approaches approved by the Food and Drug Administration can only target a single altered pathway instead of various mechanisms that are involved in AD pathology, resulting in limited symptomatic relief and almost no effect in slowing down the disease progression. Growing evidence on modulating the components of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) proclaimed their neuroprotective effects by reducing neurochemical alterations and preventing cellular dysfunction. Recent studies on AD mouse models have reported that the inhibitors of the fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and monoacylglycerol (MAGL), hydrolytic enzymes for N-arachidonoyl ethanolamine (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), respectively, might be promising candidates as therapeutical intervention. The FAAH and MAGL inhibitors alone or in combination seem to produce neuroprotection by reversing cognitive deficits along with Aβ-induced neuroinflammation, oxidative responses, and neuronal death, delaying AD progression. Their exact signaling mechanisms need to be elucidated for understanding the brain intrinsic repair mechanism. The aim of this review was to shed light on physiology and pathophysiology of AD and to summarize the experimental data on neuroprotective roles of FAAH and MAGL inhibitors. In this review, we have also included CB1R and CB2R modulators with their diverse roles to modulate ECS mediated responses such as anti-nociceptive, anxiolytic, and anti-inflammatory actions in AD. Future research would provide the directions in understanding the molecular mechanisms and development of new therapeutic interventions for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hina Kanwal
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (M.S.); (M.C.); (R.V.); (A.D.R.); (G.S.); (T.C.)
| | - Moris Sangineto
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (M.S.); (M.C.); (R.V.); (A.D.R.); (G.S.); (T.C.)
| | - Martina Ciarnelli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (M.S.); (M.C.); (R.V.); (A.D.R.); (G.S.); (T.C.)
| | - Pasqualina Castaldo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, School of Medicine, University “Politecnica delle Marche”, 60126 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Rosanna Villani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (M.S.); (M.C.); (R.V.); (A.D.R.); (G.S.); (T.C.)
| | - Antonino Davide Romano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (M.S.); (M.C.); (R.V.); (A.D.R.); (G.S.); (T.C.)
| | - Gaetano Serviddio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (M.S.); (M.C.); (R.V.); (A.D.R.); (G.S.); (T.C.)
| | - Tommaso Cassano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (M.S.); (M.C.); (R.V.); (A.D.R.); (G.S.); (T.C.)
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14
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Buckley M, Jacob WP, Bortey L, McClain M, Ritter AL, Godfrey A, Munneke AS, Ramachandran S, Kenis S, Kolnik JC, Olofsson S, Adkins R, Kutoloski T, Rademacher L, Heinecke O, Alva A, Beets I, Francis MM, Kowalski JR. Cell non-autonomous signaling through the conserved C. elegans glycopeptide hormone receptor FSHR-1 regulates cholinergic neurotransmission. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.10.578699. [PMID: 38405708 PMCID: PMC10888917 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.10.578699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Modulation of neurotransmission is key for organismal responses to varying physiological contexts such as during infection, injury, or other stresses, as well as in learning and memory and for sensory adaptation. Roles for cell autonomous neuromodulatory mechanisms in these processes have been well described. The importance of cell non-autonomous pathways for inter-tissue signaling, such as gut-to-brain or glia-to-neuron, has emerged more recently, but the cellular mechanisms mediating such regulation remain comparatively unexplored. Glycoproteins and their G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are well-established orchestrators of multi-tissue signaling events that govern diverse physiological processes through both cell-autonomous and cell non-autonomous regulation. Here, we show that follicle stimulating hormone receptor, FSHR-1, the sole Caenorhabditis elegans ortholog of mammalian glycoprotein hormone GPCRs, is important for cell non-autonomous modulation of synaptic transmission. Inhibition of fshr-1 expression reduces muscle contraction and leads to synaptic vesicle accumulation in cholinergic motor neurons. The neuromuscular and locomotor defects in fshr-1 loss-of-function mutants are associated with an underlying accumulation of synaptic vesicles, build-up of the synaptic vesicle priming factor UNC-10/RIM, and decreased synaptic vesicle release from cholinergic motor neurons. Restoration of FSHR-1 to the intestine is sufficient to restore neuromuscular activity and synaptic vesicle localization to fshr-1- deficient animals. Intestine-specific knockdown of FSHR-1 reduces neuromuscular function, indicating FSHR-1 is both necessary and sufficient in the intestine for its neuromuscular effects. Re-expression of FSHR-1 in other sites of endogenous expression, including glial cells and neurons, also restored some neuromuscular deficits, indicating potential cross-tissue regulation from these tissues as well. Genetic interaction studies provide evidence that downstream effectors gsa-1 / Gα S , acy-1 /adenylyl cyclase and sphk-1/ sphingosine kinase and glycoprotein hormone subunit orthologs, GPLA-1/GPA2 and GPLB-1/GPB5, are important for FSHR-1 modulation of the NMJ. Together, our results demonstrate that FSHR-1 modulation directs inter-tissue signaling systems, which promote synaptic vesicle release at neuromuscular synapses.
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15
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Kiriyama Y, Nochi H. Role of Microbiota-Modified Bile Acids in the Regulation of Intracellular Organelles and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:825. [PMID: 37107583 PMCID: PMC10137455 DOI: 10.3390/genes14040825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs) are amphiphilic steroidal molecules generated from cholesterol in the liver and facilitate the digestion and absorption of fat-soluble substances in the gut. Some BAs in the intestine are modified by the gut microbiota. Because BAs are modified in a variety of ways by different types of bacteria present in the gut microbiota, changes in the gut microbiota can affect the metabolism of BAs in the host. Although most BAs absorbed from the gut are transferred to the liver, some are transferred to the systemic circulation. Furthermore, BAs have also been detected in the brain and are thought to migrate into the brain through the systemic circulation. Although BAs are known to affect a variety of physiological functions by acting as ligands for various nuclear and cell-surface receptors, BAs have also been found to act on mitochondria and autophagy in the cell. This review focuses on the BAs modified by the gut microbiota and their roles in intracellular organelles and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimitsu Kiriyama
- Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Kagawa 769-2193, Japan
- Institute of Neuroscience, Tokushima Bunri University, Kagawa 769-2193, Japan
| | - Hiromi Nochi
- Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Kagawa 769-2193, Japan
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16
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Schroeder A, Pardi MB, Keijser J, Dalmay T, Groisman AI, Schuman EM, Sprekeler H, Letzkus JJ. Inhibitory top-down projections from zona incerta mediate neocortical memory. Neuron 2023; 111:727-738.e8. [PMID: 36610397 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Top-down projections convey a family of signals encoding previous experiences and current aims to the sensory neocortex, where they converge with external bottom-up information to enable perception and memory. Whereas top-down control has been attributed to excitatory pathways, the existence, connectivity, and information content of inhibitory top-down projections remain elusive. Here, we combine synaptic two-photon calcium imaging, circuit mapping, cortex-dependent learning, and chemogenetics in mice to identify GABAergic afferents from the subthalamic zona incerta as a major source of top-down input to the neocortex. Incertocortical transmission undergoes robust plasticity during learning that improves information transfer and mediates behavioral memory. Unlike excitatory pathways, incertocortical afferents form a disinhibitory circuit that encodes learned top-down relevance in a bidirectional manner where the rapid appearance of negative responses serves as the main driver of changes in stimulus representation. Our results therefore reveal the distinctive contribution of long-range (dis)inhibitory afferents to the computational flexibility of neocortical circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Schroeder
- Institute for Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79108 Freiburg, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - M Belén Pardi
- Institute for Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79108 Freiburg, Germany; Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Joram Keijser
- Modelling of Cognitive Processes, Institute of Software Engineering and Theoretical Computer Science, Technische Universität Berlin, 10587 Berlin, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tamas Dalmay
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ayelén I Groisman
- Institute for Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Erin M Schuman
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Henning Sprekeler
- Modelling of Cognitive Processes, Institute of Software Engineering and Theoretical Computer Science, Technische Universität Berlin, 10587 Berlin, Germany; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany; Science of Intelligence, Research Cluster of Excellence, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes J Letzkus
- Institute for Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79108 Freiburg, Germany; Center for Basics in NeuroModulation (NeuroModul Basics), University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; IMBIT//BrainLinks-BrainTools, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany.
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17
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Probing top-down information in neocortical layer 1. Trends Neurosci 2023; 46:20-31. [PMID: 36428192 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Accurate perception of the environment is a constructive process that requires integration of external bottom-up sensory signals with internally generated top-down information. Decades of work have elucidated how sensory neocortex processes physical stimulus features. By contrast, examining how top-down information is encoded and integrated with bottom-up signals has been challenging using traditional neuroscience methods. Recent technological advances in functional imaging of brain-wide afferents in behaving mice have enabled the direct measurement of top-down information. Here, we review the emerging literature on encoding of these internally generated signals by different projection systems enriched in neocortical layer 1 during defined brain functions, including memory, attention, and predictive coding. Moreover, we identify gaps in current knowledge and highlight future directions for this rapidly advancing field.
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18
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Ho AMC, Peyton MP, Scaletty SJ, Trapp S, Schreiber A, Madden BJ, Choi DS, Matthews DB. Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Exposure Alters Behavioral Flexibility in Aged Rats Compared to Adult Rats and Modifies Protein and Protein Pathways Related to Alzheimer's Disease. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:46260-46276. [PMID: 36570296 PMCID: PMC9774340 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Repeated excessive alcohol consumption increases the risk of developing cognitive decline and dementia. Hazardous drinking among older adults further increases such vulnerabilities. To investigate whether alcohol induces cognitive deficits in older adults, we performed a chronic intermittent ethanol exposure paradigm (ethanol or water gavage every other day 10 times) in 8-week-old young adult and 70-week-old aged rats. While spatial memory retrieval ascertained by probe trials in the Morris water maze was not significantly different between ethanol-treated and water-treated rats in both age groups after the fifth and tenth gavages, behavioral flexibility was impaired in ethanol-treated rats compared to water-treated rats in the aged group but not in the young adult group. We then examined ethanol-treatment-associated hippocampal proteomic and phosphoproteomic differences distinct in the aged rats. We identified several ethanol-treatment-related proteins, including the upregulations of the Prkcd protein level, several of its phosphosites, and its kinase activity and downregulation in the Camk2a protein level. Our bioinformatic analysis revealed notable changes in pathways involved in neurotransmission regulation, synaptic plasticity, neuronal apoptosis, and insulin receptor signaling. In conclusion, our behavioral and proteomic results identified several candidate proteins and pathways potentially associated with alcohol-induced cognitive decline in aged adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada Man-Choi Ho
- Department
of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota55905, United States
| | - Mina P. Peyton
- Bioinformatics
and Computational Biology Program, University
of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota55455, United States
| | - Samantha J. Scaletty
- Department
of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota55905, United States
| | - Sarah Trapp
- Department
of Psychology, University of Wisconsin—Eau
Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin54701, United States
| | - Areonna Schreiber
- Department
of Psychology, University of Wisconsin—Eau
Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin54701, United States
| | - Benjamin J. Madden
- Mayo
Clinic Proteomics Core, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota55905, United States
| | - Doo-Sup Choi
- Department
of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota55905, United States
- Department
of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota55905, United States
| | - Douglas B. Matthews
- Department
of Psychology, University of Wisconsin—Eau
Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin54701, United States
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19
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Caniceiro AB, Bueschbell B, Schiedel AC, Moreira IS. Class A and C GPCR Dimers in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:2081-2141. [PMID: 35339177 PMCID: PMC9886835 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x20666220327221830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases affect over 30 million people worldwide with an ascending trend. Most individuals suffering from these irreversible brain damages belong to the elderly population, with onset between 50 and 60 years. Although the pathophysiology of such diseases is partially known, it remains unclear upon which point a disease turns degenerative. Moreover, current therapeutics can treat some of the symptoms but often have severe side effects and become less effective in long-term treatment. For many neurodegenerative diseases, the involvement of G proteincoupled receptors (GPCRs), which are key players of neuronal transmission and plasticity, has become clearer and holds great promise in elucidating their biological mechanism. With this review, we introduce and summarize class A and class C GPCRs, known to form heterodimers or oligomers to increase their signalling repertoire. Additionally, the examples discussed here were shown to display relevant alterations in brain signalling and had already been associated with the pathophysiology of certain neurodegenerative diseases. Lastly, we classified the heterodimers into two categories of crosstalk, positive or negative, for which there is known evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana B. Caniceiro
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; ,These authors contributed equally to this work.
| | - Beatriz Bueschbell
- PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Casa Costa Alemão, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal; ,These authors contributed equally to this work.
| | - Anke C. Schiedel
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, D-53121 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Irina S. Moreira
- University of Coimbra, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; ,Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal,Address correspondence to this author at the Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; E-mail:
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20
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Examination of Intracellular GPCR-Mediated Signaling with High Temporal Resolution. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158516. [PMID: 35955656 PMCID: PMC9369311 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The GTP-binding protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play important roles in physiology and neuronal signaling. More than a thousand genes, excluding the olfactory receptors, have been identified that encode these integral membrane proteins. Their pharmacological and functional properties make them fascinating targets for drug development, since various disease states can be treated and overcome by pharmacologically addressing these receptors and/or their downstream interacting partners. The activation of the GPCRs typically causes transient changes in the intracellular second messenger concentrations as well as in membrane conductance. In contrast to ion channel-mediated electrical signaling which results in spontaneous cellular responses, the GPCR-mediated metabotropic signals operate at a different time scale. Here we have studied the kinetics of two common GPCR-induced signaling pathways: (a) Ca2+ release from intracellular stores and (b) cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production. The latter was monitored via the activation of cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) ion channels causing Ca2+ influx into the cell. Genetically modified and stably transfected cell lines were established and used in stopped-flow experiments to uncover the individual steps of the reaction cascades. Using two homologous biogenic amine receptors, either coupling to Go/q or Gs proteins, allowed us to determine the time between receptor activation and signal output. With ~350 ms, the release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores was much faster than cAMP-mediated Ca2+ entry through CNG channels (~6 s). The measurements with caged compounds suggest that this difference is due to turnover numbers of the GPCR downstream effectors rather than the different reaction cascades, per se.
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21
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Shine JM, O’Callaghan C, Walpola IC, Wainstein G, Taylor N, Aru J, Huebner B, John YJ. Understanding the effects of serotonin in the brain through its role in the gastrointestinal tract. Brain 2022; 145:2967-2981. [DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The neuromodulatory arousal system imbues the nervous system with the flexibility and robustness required to facilitate adaptive behaviour. While there are well-understood mechanisms linking dopamine, noradrenaline and acetylcholine to distinct behavioural states, similar conclusions have not been as readily available for serotonin. Fascinatingly, despite clear links between serotonergic function and cognitive capacities as diverse as reward processing, exploration, and the psychedelic experience, over 95% of the serotonin in the body is released in the gastrointestinal tract, where it controls digestive muscle contractions (peristalsis). Here, we argue that framing neural serotonin as a rostral extension of the gastrointestinal serotonergic system dissolves much of the mystery associated with the central serotonergic system. Specifically, we outline that central serotonin activity mimics the effects of a digestion/satiety circuit mediated by hypothalamic control over descending serotonergic nuclei in the brainstem. We review commonalities and differences between these two circuits, with a focus on the heterogeneous expression of different classes of serotonin receptors in the brain. Much in the way that serotonin-induced peristalsis facilitates the work of digestion, serotonergic influences over cognition can be reframed as performing the work of cognition. Extending this analogy, we argue that the central serotonergic system allows the brain to arbitrate between different cognitive modes as a function of serotonergic tone: low activity facilitates cognitive automaticity, whereas higher activity helps to identify flexible solutions to problems, particularly if and when the initial responses fail. This perspective sheds light on otherwise disparate capacities mediated by serotonin, and also helps to understand why there are such pervasive links between serotonergic pathology and the symptoms of psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ishan C Walpola
- Prince of Wales Hospital , Randwick, New South Wales , Australia
| | | | | | - Jaan Aru
- University of Tartu , Tartu , Estonia
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22
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Schneider AC, Itani O, Bucher D, Nadim F. Neuromodulation reduces interindividual variability of neuronal output. eNeuro 2022; 9:ENEURO.0166-22.2022. [PMID: 35853725 PMCID: PMC9361792 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0166-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In similar states, neural circuits produce similar outputs across individuals despite substantial interindividual variability in neuronal ionic conductances and synapses. Circuit states are largely shaped by neuromodulators that tune ionic conductances. It is therefore possible that, in addition to producing flexible circuit output, neuromodulators also contribute to output similarity despite varying ion channel expression. We studied whether neuromodulation at saturating concentrations can increase the output similarity of a single identified neuron across individual animals. Using the LP neuron of the crab stomatogastric ganglion (STG), we compared the variability of f-I curves and rebound properties in the presence of neuropeptides. The two neuropeptides we used converge to activate the same target current, which increases neuronal excitability. Output variability was lower in the presence of the neuropeptides, regardless of whether the neuropeptides significantly changed the mean of the corresponding parameter or not. However, the addition of the second neuropeptide did not add further to the reduction of variability. With a family of computational LP-like models, we explored how increased excitability and target variability contribute to output similarity and found two mechanisms: Saturation of the responses and a differential increase in baseline activity. Saturation alone can reduce the interindividual variability only if the population shares a similar ceiling for the responses. In contrast, reduction of variability due to the increase in baseline activity is independent of ceiling effects.Significance StatementThe activity of single neurons and neural circuits can be very similar across individuals even though the ionic currents underlying activity are variable. The mechanisms that compensate for the underlying variability and promote output similarity are poorly understood but may involve neuromodulation. Using an identified neuron, we show that neuropeptide modulation of excitability can reduce interindividual variability of response properties at a single-neuron level in two ways. First, the neuropeptide increases baseline excitability in a differential manner, resulting in similar response thresholds. Second, the neuropeptide increases excitability towards a shared saturation level, promoting similar maximal firing rates across individuals. Such tuning of neuronal excitability could be an important mechanism compensating for interindividual variability of ion channel expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna C Schneider
- Federated Department of Biological Sciences, New Jersey Institute of Technology and Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102
| | - Omar Itani
- Federated Department of Biological Sciences, New Jersey Institute of Technology and Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102
| | - Dirk Bucher
- Federated Department of Biological Sciences, New Jersey Institute of Technology and Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102
| | - Farzan Nadim
- Federated Department of Biological Sciences, New Jersey Institute of Technology and Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102
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Jeelani A, Muthu S, Ramesh P, Irfan A. Experimental spectroscopic, molecular structure, electronic solvation, biological prediction and topological analysis of 2, 4, 6-tri (propan-2-yl) benzenesulfonyl chloride: An antidepressant agent. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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24
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Sobolczyk M, Boczek T. Astrocytic Calcium and cAMP in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:889939. [PMID: 35663426 PMCID: PMC9161693 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.889939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
It is commonly accepted that the role of astrocytes exceeds far beyond neuronal scaffold and energy supply. Their unique morphological and functional features have recently brough much attention as it became evident that they play a fundamental role in neurotransmission and interact with synapses. Synaptic transmission is a highly orchestrated process, which triggers local and transient elevations in intracellular Ca2+, a phenomenon with specific temporal and spatial properties. Presynaptic activation of Ca2+-dependent adenylyl cyclases represents an important mechanism of synaptic transmission modulation. This involves activation of the cAMP-PKA pathway to regulate neurotransmitter synthesis, release and storage, and to increase neuroprotection. This aspect is of paramount importance for the preservation of neuronal survival and functionality in several pathological states occurring with progressive neuronal loss. Hence, the aim of this review is to discuss mutual relationships between cAMP and Ca2+ signaling and emphasize those alterations at the Ca2+/cAMP crosstalk that have been identified in neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.
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25
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Fan A, Chen J, Li N, Guo H, Li X, Zhang L, Shao H. Probing Ca2+-induced electron transfer on the surface of self-assembled monolayer using SECM. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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26
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Vesga-Jiménez DJ, Martin C, Barreto GE, Aristizábal-Pachón AF, Pinzón A, González J. Fatty Acids: An Insight into the Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Therapeutic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:2577. [PMID: 35269720 PMCID: PMC8910658 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most common lipids in the human body is palmitic acid (PA), a saturated fatty acid with essential functions in brain cells. PA is used by cells as an energy source, besides being a precursor of signaling molecules and protein tilting across the membrane. Although PA plays physiological functions in the brain, its excessive accumulation leads to detrimental effects on brain cells, causing lipotoxicity. This mechanism involves the activation of toll-like receptors (TLR) and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathways, with the consequent release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and autophagy impairment. Importantly, some of the cellular changes induced by PA lead to an augmented susceptibility to the development of Alzheimer's and Parkinson´s diseases. Considering the complexity of the response to PA and the intrinsic differences of the brain, in this review, we provide an overview of the molecular and cellular effects of PA on different brain cells and their possible relationships with neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). Furthermore, we propose the use of other fatty acids, such as oleic acid or linoleic acid, as potential therapeutic approaches against NDs, as these fatty acids can counteract PA's negative effects on cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Julián Vesga-Jiménez
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota 110231, Colombia; (D.J.V.-J.); (A.F.A.-P.)
- Division of Neuropharmacology and Neurologic Diseases, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA;
| | - Cynthia Martin
- Division of Neuropharmacology and Neurologic Diseases, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA;
| | - George E. Barreto
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland;
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| | - Andrés Felipe Aristizábal-Pachón
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota 110231, Colombia; (D.J.V.-J.); (A.F.A.-P.)
| | - Andrés Pinzón
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Biología de Sistemas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota 111321, Colombia;
| | - Janneth González
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota 110231, Colombia; (D.J.V.-J.); (A.F.A.-P.)
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Functional Selectivity of Coumarin Derivates Acting via GPR55 in Neuroinflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020959. [PMID: 35055142 PMCID: PMC8779649 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-neuroinflammatory treatment has gained importance in the search for pharmacological treatments of different neurological and psychiatric diseases, such as depression, schizophrenia, Parkinson’s disease, and Alzheimer’s disease. Clinical studies demonstrate a reduction of the mentioned diseases’ symptoms after the administration of anti-inflammatory drugs. Novel coumarin derivates have been shown to elicit anti-neuroinflammatory effects via G-protein coupled receptor GPR55, with possibly reduced side-effects compared to the known anti-inflammatory drugs. In this study, we, therefore, evaluated the anti-inflammatory capacities of the two novel coumarin-based compounds, KIT C and KIT H, in human neuroblastoma cells and primary murine microglia. Both compounds reduced PGE2-concentrations likely via the inhibition of COX-2 synthesis in SK-N-SH cells but only KIT C decreased PGE2-levels in primary microglia. The examination of other pro- and anti-inflammatory parameters showed varying effects of both compounds. Therefore, the differences in the effects of KIT C and KIT H might be explained by functional selectivity as well as tissue- or cell-dependent expression and signal pathways coupled to GPR55. Understanding the role of chemical residues in functional selectivity and specific cell- and tissue-targeting might open new therapeutic options in pharmacological drug development and might improve the treatment of the mentioned diseases by intervening in an early step of their pathogenesis.
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28
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D'Souza MS, Seeley SL, Emerson N, Rose-Malkamaki MJ, Ho SP, Tsai YC, Kuo H, Huan CY, Rorabaugh BR. Attenuation of nicotine-induced rewarding and antidepressant-like effects in male and female mice lacking regulator of G-protein signaling 2. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2022; 213:173338. [PMID: 35038444 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2022.173338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nicotine-induced rewarding and mood altering effects contribute to the continued use of nicotine and the subsequent development of nicotine dependence. The goal of this study was to assess the role of two specific regulators of G-protein signaling (RGS) proteins namely RGS2 and RGS4 in the above described effects of nicotine. Male and female mice lacking either RGS2 (RGS2 KO) or RGS4 (RGS4 KO), and their respective wildtype (WT) littermates were used in this study. The rewarding effects of nicotine (0.5 mg/kg, base; s.c.) were assessed using the conditioned place preference model. Nicotine-induced anxiolytic-like (0.1 mg/kg, base; i.p.) and antidepressant-like (1 mg/kg, base; i.p.) effects were assessed using the elevated plus maze and tail suspension test, respectively. We also assessed effects of nicotine (0, 0.05, 0.1 & 0.5 mg/kg, base; s.c.) on spontaneous locomotor activity. Nicotine-induced rewarding and antidepressant-like effects were observed in both male and female RGS2 WT mice, but not in mice lacking RGS2 compared to respective controls. In contrast, nicotine-induced rewarding and antidepressant-like effects were observed in both male and female mice lacking RGS4 and their WT littermates. Interestingly, deletion of RGS4 facilitated antidepressant-like effect of nicotine in male, but not female mice compared to respective WT littermates. Nicotine-induced anxiolytic-like effect was not influenced by deletion of either RGS2 or RGS4, irrespective of sex. Nicotine (0.5 mg/kg) decreased locomotor activity in both WT and KO mice compared to respective saline, irrespective of genotype and sex. Taken together, these data provide evidence that RGS2, but not RGS4, plays a role in mediating the rewarding and antidepressant-like effects of nicotine. Further research is required to explore the role of RGS2 after chronic exposure to nicotine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoranjan S D'Souza
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, The Raabe College of Pharmacy, Ohio Northern University, 525 S Main Street, Ada, OH 45810, United States.
| | - Sarah L Seeley
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, The Raabe College of Pharmacy, Ohio Northern University, 525 S Main Street, Ada, OH 45810, United States
| | - Nate Emerson
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, The Raabe College of Pharmacy, Ohio Northern University, 525 S Main Street, Ada, OH 45810, United States
| | - Madison J Rose-Malkamaki
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, The Raabe College of Pharmacy, Ohio Northern University, 525 S Main Street, Ada, OH 45810, United States
| | - Sheng-Ping Ho
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, The Raabe College of Pharmacy, Ohio Northern University, 525 S Main Street, Ada, OH 45810, United States
| | - Yi-Chih Tsai
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, The Raabe College of Pharmacy, Ohio Northern University, 525 S Main Street, Ada, OH 45810, United States
| | - Henry Kuo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, The Raabe College of Pharmacy, Ohio Northern University, 525 S Main Street, Ada, OH 45810, United States
| | - Ching-Yu Huan
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, The Raabe College of Pharmacy, Ohio Northern University, 525 S Main Street, Ada, OH 45810, United States
| | - Boyd R Rorabaugh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Marshall University, 1 John Marshall Drive, Huntington, WV 25755, United States
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29
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Potjewyd FM, Annor‐Gyamfi JK, Aubé J, Chu S, Conlon IL, Frankowski KJ, Guduru SKR, Hardy BP, Hopkins MD, Kinoshita C, Kireev DB, Mason ER, Moerk CT, Nwogbo F, Pearce KH, Richardson TI, Rogers DA, Soni DM, Stashko M, Wang X, Wells C, Willson TM, Frye SV, Young JE, Axtman AD. Use of AD Informer Set compounds to explore validity of novel targets in Alzheimer's disease pathology. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA: TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH & CLINICAL INTERVENTIONS 2022; 8:e12253. [PMID: 35434254 PMCID: PMC9005681 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Introduction A chemogenomic set of small molecules with annotated activities and implicated roles in Alzheimer's disease (AD) called the AD Informer Set was recently developed and made available to the AD research community: https://treatad.org/data‐tools/ad‐informer‐set/. Methods Small subsets of AD Informer Set compounds were selected for AD‐relevant profiling. Nine compounds targeting proteins expressed by six AD‐implicated genes prioritized for study by Target Enablement to Accelerate Therapy Development for Alzheimer's Disease (TREAT‐AD) teams were selected for G‐protein coupled receptor (GPCR), amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau, and pharmacokinetic (PK) studies. Four non‐overlapping compounds were analyzed in microglial cytotoxicity and phagocytosis assays. Results The nine compounds targeting CAPN2, EPHX2, MDK, MerTK/FLT3, or SYK proteins were profiled in 46 to 47 primary GPCR binding assays. Human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)‐derived neurons were treated with the same nine compounds and secretion of Aβ peptides (Aβ40 and Aβ42) as well as levels of phosphophorylated tau (p‐tau, Thr231) and total tau (t‐tau) peptides measured at two concentrations and two timepoints. Finally, CD1 mice were dosed intravenously to determine preliminary PK and/or brain‐specific penetrance values for these compounds. As a final cell‐based study, a non‐overlapping subset of four compounds was selected based on single‐concentration screening for analysis of both cytotoxicity and phagocytosis in murine and human microglia cells. Discussion We have demonstrated the utility of the AD Informer Set in the validation of novel AD hypotheses using biochemical, cellular (primary and immortalized), and in vivo studies. The selectivity for their primary targets versus essential GPCRs in the brain was established for our compounds. Statistical changes in tau, p‐tau, Aβ40, and/or Aβ42 and blood–brain barrier penetrance were observed, solidifying the utility of specific compounds for AD. Single‐concentration phagocytosis results were validated as predictive of dose–response findings. These studies established workflows, validated assays, and illuminated next steps for protein targets and compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances M. Potjewyd
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Structural Genomics Consortium Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Joel K. Annor‐Gyamfi
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Structural Genomics Consortium Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Jeffrey Aubé
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Shaoyou Chu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
| | - Ivie L. Conlon
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Kevin J. Frankowski
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Shiva K. R. Guduru
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Brian P. Hardy
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Megan D. Hopkins
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Chizuru Kinoshita
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
| | - Dmitri B. Kireev
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Emily R. Mason
- Department of Medicine Division of Clinical Pharmacology Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA
| | - Charles T. Moerk
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
| | - Felix Nwogbo
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Kenneth H. Pearce
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Timothy I. Richardson
- Department of Medicine Division of Clinical Pharmacology Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA
| | - David A. Rogers
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Disha M. Soni
- Department of Medicine Division of Clinical Pharmacology Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA
| | - Michael Stashko
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Carrow Wells
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Structural Genomics Consortium Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Timothy M. Willson
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Structural Genomics Consortium Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Stephen V. Frye
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Jessica E. Young
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
| | - Alison D. Axtman
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Structural Genomics Consortium Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
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Leysen H, Walter D, Christiaenssen B, Vandoren R, Harputluoğlu İ, Van Loon N, Maudsley S. GPCRs Are Optimal Regulators of Complex Biological Systems and Orchestrate the Interface between Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413387. [PMID: 34948182 PMCID: PMC8708147 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
GPCRs arguably represent the most effective current therapeutic targets for a plethora of diseases. GPCRs also possess a pivotal role in the regulation of the physiological balance between healthy and pathological conditions; thus, their importance in systems biology cannot be underestimated. The molecular diversity of GPCR signaling systems is likely to be closely associated with disease-associated changes in organismal tissue complexity and compartmentalization, thus enabling a nuanced GPCR-based capacity to interdict multiple disease pathomechanisms at a systemic level. GPCRs have been long considered as controllers of communication between tissues and cells. This communication involves the ligand-mediated control of cell surface receptors that then direct their stimuli to impact cell physiology. Given the tremendous success of GPCRs as therapeutic targets, considerable focus has been placed on the ability of these therapeutics to modulate diseases by acting at cell surface receptors. In the past decade, however, attention has focused upon how stable multiprotein GPCR superstructures, termed receptorsomes, both at the cell surface membrane and in the intracellular domain dictate and condition long-term GPCR activities associated with the regulation of protein expression patterns, cellular stress responses and DNA integrity management. The ability of these receptorsomes (often in the absence of typical cell surface ligands) to control complex cellular activities implicates them as key controllers of the functional balance between health and disease. A greater understanding of this function of GPCRs is likely to significantly augment our ability to further employ these proteins in a multitude of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Leysen
- Receptor Biology Lab, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (H.L.); (D.W.); (B.C.); (R.V.); (İ.H.); (N.V.L.)
| | - Deborah Walter
- Receptor Biology Lab, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (H.L.); (D.W.); (B.C.); (R.V.); (İ.H.); (N.V.L.)
| | - Bregje Christiaenssen
- Receptor Biology Lab, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (H.L.); (D.W.); (B.C.); (R.V.); (İ.H.); (N.V.L.)
| | - Romi Vandoren
- Receptor Biology Lab, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (H.L.); (D.W.); (B.C.); (R.V.); (İ.H.); (N.V.L.)
| | - İrem Harputluoğlu
- Receptor Biology Lab, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (H.L.); (D.W.); (B.C.); (R.V.); (İ.H.); (N.V.L.)
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Çankaya, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Nore Van Loon
- Receptor Biology Lab, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (H.L.); (D.W.); (B.C.); (R.V.); (İ.H.); (N.V.L.)
| | - Stuart Maudsley
- Receptor Biology Lab, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (H.L.); (D.W.); (B.C.); (R.V.); (İ.H.); (N.V.L.)
- Correspondence:
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Rozenfeld E, Tauber M, Ben-Chaim Y, Parnas M. GPCR voltage dependence controls neuronal plasticity and behavior. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7252. [PMID: 34903750 PMCID: PMC8668892 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27593-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) play a paramount role in diverse brain functions. Almost 20 years ago, GPCR activity was shown to be regulated by membrane potential in vitro, but whether the voltage dependence of GPCRs contributes to neuronal coding and behavioral output under physiological conditions in vivo has never been demonstrated. Here we show that muscarinic GPCR mediated neuronal potentiation in vivo is voltage dependent. This voltage dependent potentiation is abolished in mutant animals expressing a voltage independent receptor. Depolarization alone, without a muscarinic agonist, results in a nicotinic ionotropic receptor potentiation that is mediated by muscarinic receptor voltage dependency. Finally, muscarinic receptor voltage independence causes a strong behavioral effect of increased odor habituation. Together, this study identifies a physiological role for the voltage dependency of GPCRs by demonstrating crucial involvement of GPCR voltage dependence in neuronal plasticity and behavior. Thus, this study suggests that GPCR voltage dependency plays a role in many diverse neuronal functions including learning and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyal Rozenfeld
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Merav Tauber
- Department of Natural and Life Sciences, The Open University of Israel, Ra'anana, 43107, Israel
| | - Yair Ben-Chaim
- Department of Natural and Life Sciences, The Open University of Israel, Ra'anana, 43107, Israel
| | - Moshe Parnas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel.
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel.
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Yang D, Gouaux E. Illumination of serotonin transporter mechanism and role of the allosteric site. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabl3857. [PMID: 34851672 PMCID: PMC8635421 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl3857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The serotonin transporter (SERT) terminates serotonin signaling by using sodium and chloride gradients to drive reuptake of serotonin into presynaptic neurons and is the target of widely used medications to treat neuropsychiatric disorders. Despite decades of study, the molecular mechanism of serotonin transport, the coupling to ion gradients, and the role of the allosteric site have remained elusive. Here, we present cryo–electron microscopy structures of SERT in serotonin-bound and serotonin-free states, in the presence of sodium or potassium, resolving all fundamental states of the transport cycle. From the SERT-serotonin complex, we localize the substrate-bound allosteric site, formed by an aromatic pocket positioned in the scaffold domain in the extracellular vestibule, connected to the central site via a short tunnel. Together with elucidation of multiple apo state conformations, we provide previously unseen structural understanding of allosteric modulation, demonstrating how SERT binds serotonin from synaptic volumes and promotes unbinding into the presynaptic neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxue Yang
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Eric Gouaux
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
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33
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Jullié D, Valbret Z, Stoeber M. Optical tools to study the subcellular organization of GPCR neuromodulation. J Neurosci Methods 2021; 366:109408. [PMID: 34763022 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2021.109408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Modulation of neuronal circuit activity is key to information processing in the brain. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), the targets of most neuromodulatory ligands, show extremely diverse expression patterns in neurons and receptors can be localized in various sub-neuronal membrane compartments. Upon activation, GPCRs promote signaling cascades that alter the level of second messengers, drive phosphorylation changes, modulate ion channel function, and influence gene expression, all of which critically impact neuron physiology. Because of its high degree of complexity, this form of interneuronal communication has remained challenging to integrate into our conceptual understanding of brain function. Recent technological advances in fluorescence microscopy and the development of optical biosensors now allow investigating neuromodulation with unprecedented resolution on the level of individual cells. In this review, we will highlight recent imaging techniques that enable determining the precise localization of GPCRs in neurons, with specific focus on the subcellular and nanoscale level. Downstream of receptors, we describe novel conformation-specific biosensors that allow for real-time monitoring of GPCR activation and of distinct signal transduction events in neurons. Applying these new tools has the potential to provide critical insights into the function and organization of GPCRs in neuronal cells and may help decipher the molecular and cellular mechanisms that underlie neuromodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Jullié
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA.
| | - Zoé Valbret
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Miriam Stoeber
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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34
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Parra-Munevar J, Morse CE, Plummer MR, Davis RL. Dynamic Heterogeneity Shapes Patterns of Spiral Ganglion Activity. J Neurosci 2021; 41:8859-8875. [PMID: 34551939 PMCID: PMC8549539 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0924-20.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural response properties that typify primary sensory afferents are critical to fully appreciate because they establish and, ultimately represent, the fundamental coding design used for higher-level processing. Studies illuminating the center-surround receptive fields of retinal ganglion cells, for example, were ground-breaking because they determined the foundation of visual form detection. For the auditory system, a basic organizing principle of the spiral ganglion afferents is their extensive electrophysiological heterogeneity establishing diverse intrinsic firing properties in neurons throughout the spiral ganglion. Moreover, these neurons display an impressively large array of neurotransmitter receptor types that are responsive to efferent feedback. Thus, electrophysiological diversity and its neuromodulation are a fundamental encoding mechanism contributed by the primary afferents in the auditory system. To place these features into context, we evaluated the effects of hyperpolarization and cAMP on threshold level as indicators of overall afferent responsiveness in CBA/CaJ mice of either sex. Hyperpolarization modified threshold gradients such that distinct voltage protocols could shift the relationship between sensitivity and stimulus input to reshape resolution. This resulted in an "accordion effect" that appeared to stretch, compress, or maintain responsivity across the gradient of afferent thresholds. cAMP targeted threshold and kinetic shifts to rapidly adapting neurons, thus revealing multiple cochleotopic properties that could potentially be independently regulated. These examples of dynamic heterogeneity in primary auditory afferents not only have the capacity to shift the range, sensitivity, and resolution, but to do so in a coordinated manner that appears to orchestrate changes with a seemingly unlimited repertoire.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT How do we discriminate the more nuanced qualities of the sound around us? Beyond the basics of pitch and loudness, aspects, such as pattern, distance, velocity, and location, are all attributes that must be used to encode acoustic sensations effectively. While higher-level processing is required for perception, it would not be unexpected if the primary auditory afferents optimized receptor input to expedite neural encoding. The findings reported herein are consistent with this design. Neuromodulation compressed, expanded, shifted, or realigned intrinsic electrophysiological heterogeneity to alter neuronal responses selectively and dynamically. This suggests that diverse spiral ganglion phenotypes provide a rich substrate to support an almost limitless array of coding strategies within the first neural element of the auditory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Parra-Munevar
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - Charles E Morse
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jefferson Hospital for Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Mark R Plummer
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - Robin L Davis
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
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35
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Solis GP, Kozhanova TV, Koval A, Zhilina SS, Mescheryakova TI, Abramov AA, Ishmuratov EV, Bolshakova ES, Osipova KV, Ayvazyan SO, Lebon S, Kanivets IV, Pyankov DV, Troccaz S, Silachev DN, Zavadenko NN, Prityko AG, Katanaev VL. Pediatric Encephalopathy: Clinical, Biochemical and Cellular Insights into the Role of Gln52 of GNAO1 and GNAI1 for the Dominant Disease. Cells 2021; 10:2749. [PMID: 34685729 PMCID: PMC8535069 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterotrimeric G proteins are immediate transducers of G protein-coupled receptors-the biggest receptor family in metazoans-and play innumerate functions in health and disease. A set of de novo point mutations in GNAO1 and GNAI1, the genes encoding the α-subunits (Gαo and Gαi1, respectively) of the heterotrimeric G proteins, have been described to cause pediatric encephalopathies represented by epileptic seizures, movement disorders, developmental delay, intellectual disability, and signs of neurodegeneration. Among such mutations, the Gln52Pro substitutions have been previously identified in GNAO1 and GNAI1. Here, we describe the case of an infant with another mutation in the same site, Gln52Arg. The patient manifested epileptic and movement disorders and a developmental delay, at the onset of 1.5 weeks after birth. We have analyzed biochemical and cellular properties of the three types of dominant pathogenic mutants in the Gln52 position described so far: Gαo[Gln52Pro], Gαi1[Gln52Pro], and the novel Gαo[Gln52Arg]. At the biochemical level, the three mutant proteins are deficient in binding and hydrolyzing GTP, which is the fundamental function of the healthy G proteins. At the cellular level, the mutants are defective in the interaction with partner proteins recognizing either the GDP-loaded or the GTP-loaded forms of Gαo. Further, of the two intracellular sites of Gαo localization, plasma membrane and Golgi, the former is strongly reduced for the mutant proteins. We conclude that the point mutations at Gln52 inactivate the Gαo and Gαi1 proteins leading to aberrant intracellular localization and partner protein interactions. These features likely lie at the core of the molecular etiology of pediatric encephalopathies associated with the codon 52 mutations in GNAO1/GNAI1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo P. Solis
- Translational Research Center in Oncohaematology, Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (G.P.S.); (A.K.); (S.T.); (D.N.S.)
| | - Tatyana V. Kozhanova
- St. Luka’s Clinical Research Center for Children, 119620 Moscow, Russia; (T.V.K.); (S.S.Z.); (T.I.M.); (A.A.A.); (E.V.I.); (E.S.B.); (K.V.O.); (S.O.A.); (A.G.P.)
- Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Pediatrics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alexey Koval
- Translational Research Center in Oncohaematology, Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (G.P.S.); (A.K.); (S.T.); (D.N.S.)
| | - Svetlana S. Zhilina
- St. Luka’s Clinical Research Center for Children, 119620 Moscow, Russia; (T.V.K.); (S.S.Z.); (T.I.M.); (A.A.A.); (E.V.I.); (E.S.B.); (K.V.O.); (S.O.A.); (A.G.P.)
- Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Pediatrics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Tatyana I. Mescheryakova
- St. Luka’s Clinical Research Center for Children, 119620 Moscow, Russia; (T.V.K.); (S.S.Z.); (T.I.M.); (A.A.A.); (E.V.I.); (E.S.B.); (K.V.O.); (S.O.A.); (A.G.P.)
| | - Aleksandr A. Abramov
- St. Luka’s Clinical Research Center for Children, 119620 Moscow, Russia; (T.V.K.); (S.S.Z.); (T.I.M.); (A.A.A.); (E.V.I.); (E.S.B.); (K.V.O.); (S.O.A.); (A.G.P.)
| | - Evgeny V. Ishmuratov
- St. Luka’s Clinical Research Center for Children, 119620 Moscow, Russia; (T.V.K.); (S.S.Z.); (T.I.M.); (A.A.A.); (E.V.I.); (E.S.B.); (K.V.O.); (S.O.A.); (A.G.P.)
| | - Ekaterina S. Bolshakova
- St. Luka’s Clinical Research Center for Children, 119620 Moscow, Russia; (T.V.K.); (S.S.Z.); (T.I.M.); (A.A.A.); (E.V.I.); (E.S.B.); (K.V.O.); (S.O.A.); (A.G.P.)
| | - Karina V. Osipova
- St. Luka’s Clinical Research Center for Children, 119620 Moscow, Russia; (T.V.K.); (S.S.Z.); (T.I.M.); (A.A.A.); (E.V.I.); (E.S.B.); (K.V.O.); (S.O.A.); (A.G.P.)
| | - Sergey O. Ayvazyan
- St. Luka’s Clinical Research Center for Children, 119620 Moscow, Russia; (T.V.K.); (S.S.Z.); (T.I.M.); (A.A.A.); (E.V.I.); (E.S.B.); (K.V.O.); (S.O.A.); (A.G.P.)
| | - Sébastien Lebon
- Unit of Pediatric Neurology and Neurorehabilitation, Division of Pediatrics, Woman-Mother-Child Department, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Ilya V. Kanivets
- Center of Medical Genetics, Genomed Ltd., 115093 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.K.); (D.V.P.)
| | - Denis V. Pyankov
- Center of Medical Genetics, Genomed Ltd., 115093 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.K.); (D.V.P.)
| | - Sabina Troccaz
- Translational Research Center in Oncohaematology, Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (G.P.S.); (A.K.); (S.T.); (D.N.S.)
| | - Denis N. Silachev
- Translational Research Center in Oncohaematology, Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (G.P.S.); (A.K.); (S.T.); (D.N.S.)
- A.N. Belozersky Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 690090 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Nikolay N. Zavadenko
- Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Pediatrics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Andrey G. Prityko
- St. Luka’s Clinical Research Center for Children, 119620 Moscow, Russia; (T.V.K.); (S.S.Z.); (T.I.M.); (A.A.A.); (E.V.I.); (E.S.B.); (K.V.O.); (S.O.A.); (A.G.P.)
- Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Pediatrics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Vladimir L. Katanaev
- Translational Research Center in Oncohaematology, Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (G.P.S.); (A.K.); (S.T.); (D.N.S.)
- School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 690090 Vladivostok, Russia
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36
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Iarkov A, Mendoza C, Echeverria V. Cholinergic Receptor Modulation as a Target for Preventing Dementia in Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:665820. [PMID: 34616271 PMCID: PMC8488354 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.665820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) in the midbrain resulting in progressive impairment in cognitive and motor abilities. The physiological and molecular mechanisms triggering dopaminergic neuronal loss are not entirely defined. PD occurrence is associated with various genetic and environmental factors causing inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction in the brain, leading to oxidative stress, proteinopathy, and reduced viability of dopaminergic neurons. Oxidative stress affects the conformation and function of ions, proteins, and lipids, provoking mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutation and dysfunction. The disruption of protein homeostasis induces the aggregation of alpha-synuclein (α-SYN) and parkin and a deficit in proteasome degradation. Also, oxidative stress affects dopamine release by activating ATP-sensitive potassium channels. The cholinergic system is essential in modulating the striatal cells regulating cognitive and motor functions. Several muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChR) and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are expressed in the striatum. The nAChRs signaling reduces neuroinflammation and facilitates neuronal survival, neurotransmitter release, and synaptic plasticity. Since there is a deficit in the nAChRs in PD, inhibiting nAChRs loss in the striatum may help prevent dopaminergic neurons loss in the striatum and its pathological consequences. The nAChRs can also stimulate other brain cells supporting cognitive and motor functions. This review discusses the cholinergic system as a therapeutic target of cotinine to prevent cognitive symptoms and transition to dementia in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Iarkov
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Concepción, Chile
| | - Cristhian Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Concepción, Chile
| | - Valentina Echeverria
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Concepción, Chile.,Research & Development Service, Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Bay Pines, FL, United States
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37
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Abstract
Olfaction is fundamentally distinct from other sensory modalities. Natural odor stimuli are complex mixtures of volatile chemicals that interact in the nose with a receptor array that, in rodents, is built from more than 1,000 unique receptors. These interactions dictate a peripheral olfactory code, which in the brain is transformed and reformatted as it is broadcast across a set of highly interconnected olfactory regions. Here we discuss the problems of characterizing peripheral population codes for olfactory stimuli, of inferring the specific functions of different higher olfactory areas given their extensive recurrence, and of ultimately understanding how odor representations are linked to perception and action. We argue that, despite the differences between olfaction and other sensory modalities, addressing these specific questions will reveal general principles underlying brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H Brann
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA;
| | - Sandeep Robert Datta
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA;
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38
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Regulation of habenular G-protein gamma 8 on learning and memory via modulation of the central acetylcholine system. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:3737-3750. [PMID: 32989244 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-00893-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein) gamma 8 (Gng8) is a subunit of G proteins and expressed in the medial habenula (MHb) and interpeduncular nucleus (IPN). Recent studies have demonstrated that Gng8 is involved in brain development; however, the roles of Gng8 on cognitive function have not yet been addressed. In the present study, we investigated the expression of Gng8 in the brain and found that Gng8 was predominantly expressed in the MHb-IPN circuit of the mouse brain. We generated Gng8 knockout (KO) mice by CRISPR/Cas9 system in order to assess the role of Gng8 on cognitive function. Gng8 KO mice exhibited deficiency in learning and memory in passive avoidance and Morris water maze tests. In addition, Gng8 KO mice significantly reduced long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampus compared to that of wild-type (WT) mice. Furthermore, we observed that levels of acetylcholine (ACh) and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) in the MHb and IPN of Gng8 KO mice were significantly decreased, compared to WT mice. The administration of nAChR α4β2 agonist A85380 rescued memory impairment in the Gng8 KO mice, suggesting that Gng8 regulates cognitive function via modulation of cholinergic activity. Taken together, Gng8 is a potential therapeutic target for memory-related diseases and/or neurodevelopmental diseases.
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39
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Zieger HL, Choquet D. Nanoscale synapse organization and dysfunction in neurodevelopmental disorders. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 158:105453. [PMID: 34314857 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders such as those linked to intellectual disabilities or autism spectrum disorder are thought to originate in part from genetic defects in synaptic proteins. Single gene mutations linked to synapse dysfunction can broadly be separated in three categories: disorders of transcriptional regulation, disorders of synaptic signaling and disorders of synaptic scaffolding and structures. The recent developments in super-resolution imaging technologies and their application to synapses have unraveled a complex nanoscale organization of synaptic components. On the one hand, part of receptors, adhesion proteins, ion channels, scaffold elements and the pre-synaptic release machinery are partitioned in subsynaptic nanodomains, and the respective organization of these nanodomains has tremendous impact on synaptic function. For example, pre-synaptic neurotransmitter release sites are partly aligned with nanometer precision to postsynaptic receptor clusters. On the other hand, a large fraction of synaptic components is extremely dynamic and constantly exchanges between synaptic domains and extrasynaptic or intracellular compartments. It is largely the combination of the exquisitely precise nanoscale synaptic organization of synaptic components and their high dynamic that allows the rapid and profound regulation of synaptic function during synaptic plasticity processes that underlie adaptability of brain function, learning and memory. It is very tempting to speculate that genetic defects that lead to neurodevelopmental disorders and target synaptic scaffolds and structures mediate their deleterious impact on brain function through perturbing synapse nanoscale dynamic organization. We discuss here how applying super-resolution imaging methods in models of neurodevelopmental disorders could help in addressing this question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna L Zieger
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, IINS, UMR 5297, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Daniel Choquet
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, IINS, UMR 5297, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, INSERM, Bordeaux Imaging Center, BIC, UMS 3420, US 4, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
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40
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Alhassen W, Chen S, Vawter M, Robbins BK, Nguyen H, Myint TN, Saito Y, Schulmann A, Nauli SM, Civelli O, Baldi P, Alachkar A. Patterns of cilia gene dysregulations in major psychiatric disorders. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 109:110255. [PMID: 33508383 PMCID: PMC9121176 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Primary cilia function as cells' antennas to detect and transduce external stimuli and play crucial roles in cell signaling and communication. The vast majority of cilia genes that are causally linked with ciliopathies are also associated with neurological deficits, such as cognitive impairments. Yet, the roles of cilia dysfunctions in the pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders have not been studied. Our aim is to identify patterns of cilia gene dysregulation in the four major psychiatric disorders: schizophrenia (SCZ), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), bipolar disorder (BP), and major depressive disorder (MDD). For this purpose, we acquired differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from the largest and most recent publicly available databases. We found that 42%, 24%, 17%, and 15% of brain-expressed cilia genes were significantly differentially expressed in SCZ, ASD, BP, and MDD, respectively. Several genes exhibited cross-disorder overlap, suggesting that typical cilia signaling pathways' dysfunctions determine susceptibility to more than one psychiatric disorder or may partially underlie their pathophysiology. Our study revealed that genes encoding proteins of almost all sub-cilia structural and functional compartments were dysregulated in the four psychiatric disorders. Strikingly, the genes of 75% of cilia GPCRs and 50% of the transition zone proteins were differentially expressed in SCZ. The present study is the first to draw associations between cilia and major psychiatric disorders, and is the first step toward understanding the role that cilia components play in their pathophysiological processes, which may lead to novel therapeutic targets for these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wedad Alhassen
- Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of California-Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Siwei Chen
- Department of Computer Science, School of Information and Computer Sciences, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA,Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics, School of Information and Computer Sciences, University of California-Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Marquis Vawter
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | - Brianna Kay Robbins
- Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of California-Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Henry Nguyen
- Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of California-Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Thant Nyi Myint
- Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of California-Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Yumiko Saito
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Japan
| | - Anton Schulmann
- Human Genetics Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, BETHESDA MD 20814, USA
| | - Surya M. Nauli
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Health Science Campus, Chapman University, Irvine, California 92618, USA
| | - Olivier Civelli
- Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of California-Irvine, CA 92697, USA,Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California-Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Pierre Baldi
- Department of Computer Science, School of Information and Computer Sciences, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA,Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics, School of Information and Computer Sciences, University of California-Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Amal Alachkar
- Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of California-, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Computer Science, School of Information and Computer Sciences, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
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41
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Kheradpezhouh E, Tang MF, Mattingley JB, Arabzadeh E. Enhanced Sensory Coding in Mouse Vibrissal and Visual Cortex through TRPA1. Cell Rep 2021; 32:107935. [PMID: 32698003 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) is a non-selective cation channel, broadly expressed throughout the body. Despite its expression in the mammalian brain, little is known about the contribution of TRPA1 to cortical function. Here, we characterize how TRPA1 affects sensory information processing in two cortical areas in mice: the primary vibrissal (whisker) somatosensory cortex (vS1) and the primary visual cortex (V1). In vS1, local activation of TRPA1 by allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) increases the ongoing activity of neurons and their evoked response to vibrissal stimulation, producing a positive gain modulation. The gain modulation is reversed by TRPA1 inhibitor HC-030031 and is absent in TRPA1 knockout mice. Similarly, in V1, TRPA1 activation increases the gain of direction and orientation selectivity. Linear decoding of V1 population activity confirms faster and more reliable encoding of visual signals under TRPA1 activation. Overall, our findings reveal a physiological role for TRPA1 in enhancing sensory signals in the mammalian cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Kheradpezhouh
- Eccles Institute of Neuroscience, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia; The Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Integrative Brain Function, Australia.
| | - Matthew F Tang
- Eccles Institute of Neuroscience, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia; The Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Integrative Brain Function, Australia; Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jason B Mattingley
- The Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Integrative Brain Function, Australia; Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ehsan Arabzadeh
- Eccles Institute of Neuroscience, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia; The Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Integrative Brain Function, Australia
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Mozolewski P, Jeziorek M, Schuster CM, Bading H, Frost B, Dobrowolski R. The role of nuclear Ca2+ in maintaining neuronal homeostasis and brain health. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:jcs254904. [PMID: 33912918 PMCID: PMC8084578 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.254904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear Ca2+ has emerged as one of the most potent mediators of the dialogue between neuronal synapses and the nucleus that regulates heterochromatin states, transcription factor activity, nuclear morphology and neuronal gene expression induced by synaptic activity. Recent studies underline the importance of nuclear Ca2+ signaling in long-lasting, activity-induced adaptation and maintenance of proper brain function. Diverse forms of neuroadaptation require transient nuclear Ca2+ signaling and cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB1, referred to here as CREB) as its prime target, which works as a tunable switch to drive and modulate specific gene expression profiles associated with memory, pain, addiction and neuroprotection. Furthermore, a reduction of nuclear Ca2+ levels has been shown to be neurotoxic and a causal factor driving the progression of neurodegenerative disorders, as well as affecting neuronal autophagy. Because of its central role in the brain, deficits in nuclear Ca2+ signaling may underlie a continuous loss of neuroprotection in the aging brain, contributing to the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease. In this Review, we discuss the principles of the 'nuclear calcium hypothesis' in the context of human brain function and its role in controlling diverse forms of neuroadaptation and neuroprotection. Furthermore, we present the most relevant and promising perspectives for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Mozolewski
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Maciej Jeziorek
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Christoph M. Schuster
- Department of Neurobiology, Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (IZN), Heidelberg University, INF 345 and INF 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hilmar Bading
- Department of Neurobiology, Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (IZN), Heidelberg University, INF 345 and INF 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bess Frost
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
- Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Radek Dobrowolski
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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43
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Wei Z, Xu X, Fang Y, Khater M, Naughton SX, Hu G, Terry AV, Wu G. Rab43 GTPase directs postsynaptic trafficking and neuron-specific sorting of G protein-coupled receptors. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100517. [PMID: 33676895 PMCID: PMC8050390 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) are important modulators of synaptic functions. A fundamental but poorly addressed question in neurobiology is how targeted GPCR trafficking is achieved. Rab GTPases are the master regulators of vesicle-mediated membrane trafficking, but their functions in the synaptic presentation of newly synthesized GPCRs are virtually unknown. Here, we investigate the role of Rab43, via dominant-negative inhibition and CRISPR–Cas9–mediated KO, in the export trafficking of α2-adrenergic receptor (α2-AR) and muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) in primary neurons and cells. We demonstrate that Rab43 differentially regulates the overall surface expression of endogenous α2-AR and mAChR, as well as their signaling, in primary neurons. In parallel, Rab43 exerts distinct effects on the dendritic and postsynaptic transport of specific α2B-AR and M3 mAChR subtypes. More interestingly, the selective actions of Rab43 toward α2B-AR and M3 mAChR are neuronal cell specific and dictated by direct interaction. These data reveal novel, neuron-specific functions for Rab43 in the dendritic and postsynaptic targeting and sorting of GPCRs and imply multiple forward delivery routes for different GPCRs in neurons. Overall, this study provides important insights into regulatory mechanisms of GPCR anterograde traffic to the functional destination in neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wei
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Yinquan Fang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mostafa Khater
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sean X Naughton
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Gang Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Alvin V Terry
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Guangyu Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.
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44
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Genome-wide association analysis of cognitive function in Danish long-lived individuals. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 195:111463. [PMID: 33607172 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive function is a substantially heritable trait related to numerous important life outcomes. Several genome-wide association studies of cognitive function have in recent years led to the identification of thousands of significantly associated loci and genes. Individuals included in these studies have rarely been nonagenarians and centenarians, and since cognitive function is an important component of quality of life for this rapidly expanding demographic group, there is a need to explore genetic factors associated with individual differences in cognitive function at advanced ages. In this study, we pursued this by performing a genome-wide association study of cognitive function in 490 long-lived Danes (age range 90.1-100.8 years). While no genome-wide significant SNPs were identified, suggestively significant SNPs (P < 1 × 10-5) were mapped to several interesting genes, including ZWINT, CELF2, and DNAH5, and the glutamate receptor genes GRID2 and GRM7. Additionally, results from a gene set over-representation analysis indicated potential roles of gene sets related to G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling, interaction between L1 and ankyrins, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, RNA degradation, and cell cycle. Larger studies are needed to shed further light on the possible importance of these suggestive genes and pathways in cognitive function in nonagenarians and centenarians.
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45
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Zachry JE, Nolan SO, Brady LJ, Kelly SJ, Siciliano CA, Calipari ES. Sex differences in dopamine release regulation in the striatum. Neuropsychopharmacology 2021; 46:491-499. [PMID: 33318634 PMCID: PMC8027008 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-020-00915-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The mesolimbic dopamine system-which originates in the ventral tegmental area and projects to the striatum-has been shown to be involved in the expression of sex-specific behavior and is thought to be a critical mediator of many psychiatric diseases. While substantial work has focused on sex differences in the anatomy of dopamine neurons and relative dopamine levels between males and females, an important characteristic of dopamine release from axon terminals in the striatum is that it is rapidly modulated by local regulatory mechanisms independent of somatic activity. These processes can occur via homosynaptic mechanisms-such as presynaptic dopamine autoreceptors and dopamine transporters-as well as heterosynaptic mechanisms, such as retrograde signaling from postsynaptic cholinergic and GABAergic systems, among others. These regulators serve as potential targets for the expression of sex differences in dopamine regulation in both ovarian hormone-dependent and independent fashions. This review describes how sex differences in microcircuit regulatory mechanisms can alter dopamine dynamics between males and females. We then describe what is known about the hormonal mechanisms controlling/regulating these processes. Finally, we highlight the missing gaps in our knowledge of these systems in females. Together, a more comprehensive and mechanistic understanding of how sex differences in dopamine function manifest will be particularly important in developing evidence-based therapeutics that target this system and show efficacy in both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E. Zachry
- grid.152326.10000 0001 2264 7217Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
| | - Suzanne O. Nolan
- grid.152326.10000 0001 2264 7217Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
| | - Lillian J. Brady
- grid.152326.10000 0001 2264 7217Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
| | - Shannon J. Kelly
- grid.152326.10000 0001 2264 7217Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
| | - Cody A. Siciliano
- grid.152326.10000 0001 2264 7217Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232 USA ,grid.152326.10000 0001 2264 7217Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232 USA ,grid.152326.10000 0001 2264 7217Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
| | - Erin S. Calipari
- grid.152326.10000 0001 2264 7217Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232 USA ,grid.152326.10000 0001 2264 7217Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232 USA ,grid.152326.10000 0001 2264 7217Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232 USA ,grid.152326.10000 0001 2264 7217Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232 USA ,grid.152326.10000 0001 2264 7217Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
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46
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Carvalhais LG, Martinho VC, Ferreiro E, Pinheiro PS. Unraveling the Nanoscopic Organization and Function of Central Mammalian Presynapses With Super-Resolution Microscopy. Front Neurosci 2021; 14:578409. [PMID: 33584169 PMCID: PMC7874199 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.578409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The complex, nanoscopic scale of neuronal function, taking place at dendritic spines, axon terminals, and other minuscule structures, cannot be adequately resolved using standard, diffraction-limited imaging techniques. The last couple of decades saw a rapid evolution of imaging methods that overcome the diffraction limit imposed by Abbe's principle. These techniques, including structured illumination microscopy (SIM), stimulated emission depletion (STED), photo-activated localization microscopy (PALM), and stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM), among others, have revolutionized our understanding of synapse biology. By exploiting the stochastic nature of fluorophore light/dark states or non-linearities in the interaction of fluorophores with light, by using modified illumination strategies that limit the excitation area, these methods can achieve spatial resolutions down to just a few tens of nm or less. Here, we review how these advanced imaging techniques have contributed to unprecedented insight into the nanoscopic organization and function of mammalian neuronal presynapses, revealing new organizational principles or lending support to existing views, while raising many important new questions. We further discuss recent technical refinements and newly developed tools that will continue to expand our ability to delve deeper into how synaptic function is orchestrated at the nanoscopic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lia G Carvalhais
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Vera C Martinho
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Ferreiro
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo S Pinheiro
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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47
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Martorell-Ribera J, Venuto MT, Otten W, Brunner RM, Goldammer T, Rebl A, Gimsa U. Time-Dependent Effects of Acute Handling on the Brain Monoamine System of the Salmonid Coregonus maraena. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:591738. [PMID: 33343287 PMCID: PMC7746803 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.591738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The immediate stress response involves the activation of the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems including serotonin, dopamine and noradrenaline in particular areas of the fish brain. We chose maraena whitefish as a stress-sensitive salmonid species to investigate the influence of acute and chronic handling on the neurochemistry of monoamines in the brain. Plasma cortisol was quantified to assess the activation of the stress axis. In addition, we analyzed the expression of 37 genes related to the monoamine system to identify genes that could be used as markers of neurophysiological stress effects. Brain neurochemistry responded to a single handling (1 min netting and chasing) with increased serotonergic activity 3 h post-challenge. This was accompanied by a modulated expression of monoaminergic receptor genes in the hindbrain and a significant increase of plasma cortisol. The initial response was compensated by an increased monoamine synthesis at 24 h post-challenge, combined with the modulated expression of serotonin-receptor genes and plasma cortisol concentrations returning to control levels. After 10 days of repeated handling (1 min per day), we detected a slightly increased noradrenaline synthesis and a down-regulated expression of dopamine-receptor genes without effect on plasma cortisol levels. In conclusion, the changes in serotonergic neurochemistry and selected gene-expression profiles, together with the initial plasma cortisol variation, indicate an acute response and a subsequent recovery phase with signs of habituation after 10 days of daily exposure to handling. Based on the basal expression patterns of particular genes and their significant regulation upon handling conditions, we suggest a group of genes as potential biomarkers that indicate handling stress on the brain monoamine systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Martorell-Ribera
- Fish Genetics Unit, Institute of Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany.,Psychophysiology Unit, Institute of Behavioural Physiology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Marzia Tindara Venuto
- Glycobiology Group, Institute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Winfried Otten
- Psychophysiology Unit, Institute of Behavioural Physiology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Ronald M Brunner
- Fish Genetics Unit, Institute of Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Tom Goldammer
- Fish Genetics Unit, Institute of Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Alexander Rebl
- Fish Genetics Unit, Institute of Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Ulrike Gimsa
- Psychophysiology Unit, Institute of Behavioural Physiology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
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48
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Yoo DY, Jung HY, Kim W, Hahn KR, Kwon HJ, Nam SM, Chung JY, Yoon YS, Kim DW, Hwang IK. Entacapone Treatment Modulates Hippocampal Proteins Related to Synaptic Vehicle Trafficking. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122712. [PMID: 33352833 PMCID: PMC7765944 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Entacapone, a reversible inhibitor of catechol-O-methyl transferase, is used for patients in Parkinson’s disease because it increases the bioavailability and effectiveness of levodopa. In the present study, we observed that entacapone increases novel object recognition and neuroblasts in the hippocampus. In the present study, two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry were performed to compare the abundance profiles of proteins expressed in the hippocampus after entacapone treatment in mice. Results of 2-DE, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, and subsequent proteomic analysis revealed an altered protein expression profile in the hippocampus after entacapone treatment. Based on proteomic analysis, 556 spots were paired during the image analysis of 2-DE gels and 76 proteins were significantly changed more than two-fold among identified proteins. Proteomic analysis indicated that treatment with entacapone induced expressional changes in proteins involved in synaptic transmission, cellular processes, cellular signaling, the regulation of cytoskeletal structure, energy metabolism, and various subcellular enzymatic reactions. In particular, entacapone significantly increased proteins related to synaptic trafficking and plasticity, such as dynamin 1, synapsin I, and Munc18-1. Immunohistochemical staining showed the localization of the proteins, and western blot confirmed the significant increases in dynamin I (203.5% of control) in the hippocampus as well as synapsin I (254.0% of control) and Munc18-1 (167.1% of control) in the synaptic vesicle fraction of hippocampus after entacapone treatment. These results suggest that entacapone can enhance hippocampal synaptic trafficking and plasticity against various neurological diseases related to hippocampal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Young Yoo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (D.Y.Y.); (H.Y.J.); (W.K.); (K.R.H.); (Y.S.Y.)
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea
| | - Hyo Young Jung
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (D.Y.Y.); (H.Y.J.); (W.K.); (K.R.H.); (Y.S.Y.)
| | - Woosuk Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (D.Y.Y.); (H.Y.J.); (W.K.); (K.R.H.); (Y.S.Y.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Kyu Ri Hahn
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (D.Y.Y.); (H.Y.J.); (W.K.); (K.R.H.); (Y.S.Y.)
| | - Hyun Jung Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Korea;
| | - Sung Min Nam
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine and Institute for Environmental Science, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea;
| | - Jin Young Chung
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea;
| | - Yeo Sung Yoon
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (D.Y.Y.); (H.Y.J.); (W.K.); (K.R.H.); (Y.S.Y.)
| | - Dae Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Korea;
- Correspondence: (D.W.K.); (I.K.H.)
| | - In Koo Hwang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (D.Y.Y.); (H.Y.J.); (W.K.); (K.R.H.); (Y.S.Y.)
- Correspondence: (D.W.K.); (I.K.H.)
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49
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Hariharan A, Weir N, Robertson C, He L, Betsholtz C, Longden TA. The Ion Channel and GPCR Toolkit of Brain Capillary Pericytes. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:601324. [PMID: 33390906 PMCID: PMC7775489 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.601324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain pericytes reside on the abluminal surface of capillaries, and their processes cover ~90% of the length of the capillary bed. These cells were first described almost 150 years ago (Eberth, 1871; Rouget, 1873) and have been the subject of intense experimental scrutiny in recent years, but their physiological roles remain uncertain and little is known of the complement of signaling elements that they employ to carry out their functions. In this review, we synthesize functional data with single-cell RNAseq screens to explore the ion channel and G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) toolkit of mesh and thin-strand pericytes of the brain, with the aim of providing a framework for deeper explorations of the molecular mechanisms that govern pericyte physiology. We argue that their complement of channels and receptors ideally positions capillary pericytes to play a central role in adapting blood flow to meet the challenge of satisfying neuronal energy requirements from deep within the capillary bed, by enabling dynamic regulation of their membrane potential to influence the electrical output of the cell. In particular, we outline how genetic and functional evidence suggest an important role for Gs-coupled GPCRs and ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels in this context. We put forth a predictive model for long-range hyperpolarizing electrical signaling from pericytes to upstream arterioles, and detail the TRP and Ca2+ channels and Gq, Gi/o, and G12/13 signaling processes that counterbalance this. We underscore critical questions that need to be addressed to further advance our understanding of the signaling topology of capillary pericytes, and how this contributes to their physiological roles and their dysfunction in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwini Hariharan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Nick Weir
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Colin Robertson
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Liqun He
- Rudbeck Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Rudbeck Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Medicine Huddinge (MedH), Karolinska Institutet & Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Thomas A Longden
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
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50
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Caudal LC, Gobbo D, Scheller A, Kirchhoff F. The Paradox of Astroglial Ca 2 + Signals at the Interface of Excitation and Inhibition. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:609947. [PMID: 33324169 PMCID: PMC7726216 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.609947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Astroglial networks constitute a non-neuronal communication system in the brain and are acknowledged modulators of synaptic plasticity. A sophisticated set of transmitter receptors in combination with distinct secretion mechanisms enables astrocytes to sense and modulate synaptic transmission. This integrative function evolved around intracellular Ca2+ signals, by and large considered as the main indicator of astrocyte activity. Regular brain physiology meticulously relies on the constant reciprocity of excitation and inhibition (E/I). Astrocytes are metabolically, physically, and functionally associated to the E/I convergence. Metabolically, astrocytes provide glutamine, the precursor of both major neurotransmitters governing E/I in the central nervous system (CNS): glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Perisynaptic astroglial processes are structurally and functionally associated with the respective circuits throughout the CNS. Astonishingly, in astrocytes, glutamatergic as well as GABAergic inputs elicit similar rises in intracellular Ca2+ that in turn can trigger the release of glutamate and GABA as well. Paradoxically, as gliotransmitters, these two molecules can thus strengthen, weaken or even reverse the input signal. Therefore, the net impact on neuronal network function is often convoluted and cannot be simply predicted by the nature of the stimulus itself. In this review, we highlight the ambiguity of astrocytes on discriminating and affecting synaptic activity in physiological and pathological state. Indeed, aberrant astroglial Ca2+ signaling is a key aspect of pathological conditions exhibiting compromised network excitability, such as epilepsy. Here, we gather recent evidence on the complexity of astroglial Ca2+ signals in health and disease, challenging the traditional, neuro-centric concept of segregating E/I, in favor of a non-binary, mutually dependent perspective on glutamatergic and GABAergic transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C Caudal
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Davide Gobbo
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Anja Scheller
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Frank Kirchhoff
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
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