1
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Li C, Dai T, Jiang D, Geng Q, Deng L, Li T, Zhong J, Liu C, Chen J. Acid-induced pea protein gels pretreated with media milling: Gelling properties and the formation mechanism. Food Chem 2024; 449:139110. [PMID: 38581781 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
This study explored the effect of stirred media mill (SMM) processing on the acid-induced gelling properties of pea protein. Results showed that SMM treatment enhanced the gel strength from 75.06 g to 183.89 g and increased the water holding capacity from 46.64 % to 73.50 %. The minimum gelation concentration achieved for SMM-treated pea protein was 4 %, significantly lower than that of heat-pretreated pea protein (9 %). SMM decreased protein aggregate size from 104 μm to 180 nm. Microscopy analysis revealed that the small aggregates facilitated the formation of uniform gel networks with tight connections. Linear rheology indicated that small protein aggregates resulted in slower gelation rates with a higher G' for the formed gels. The SMM-pretreated protein gel showed strain hardening, shear thinning behaviors, and satisfactory stability to withstand large-amplitude oscillatory shear. Overall, SMM emerges as a promising technology for producing protein gel products with strong mechanical attributes and customizable rheological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Taotao Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; International Institute of Food Innovation Co., Ltd., Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Deyu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Qin Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Lizhen Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; International Institute of Food Innovation Co., Ltd., Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ti Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; International Institute of Food Innovation Co., Ltd., Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Junzhen Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; International Institute of Food Innovation Co., Ltd., Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chengmei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; International Institute of Food Innovation Co., Ltd., Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; International Institute of Food Innovation Co., Ltd., Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China.
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2
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Kang ZL, Yao PL, Xie JJ, Li YP, Ma HJ. Effects of low-frequency magnetic field on solubility, structural and functional properties of soy 11S globulin. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:5944-5954. [PMID: 38415770 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soy 11S globulin has high thermal stability, limiting its application in the production of low-temperature gel foods. In this study, the low-frequency magnetic field (LF-MF, 5 mT) treatment (time, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min) was used to improve the solubility, conformation, physicochemical properties, surface characteristics, and gel properties of soy 11S globulin. RESULTS Compared with the native soy 11S globulin, the sulfhydryl content, emulsifying capacity, gel strength, water-holding capacity, and absolute zeta potential values significantly increased (P < 0.05) after LF-MF treatment. The LF-MF treatment induced the unfolding of the protein structure and the fracture of disulfide bonds. The variations in solubility, foaming properties, viscosity, surface hydrophobicity, and rheological properties were closely related to the conformational changes of soy 11S globulin, with the optimum LF-MF modification time being 90 min. CONCLUSION LF-MF treatment is an effective method to improve various functional properties of native soy 11S globulin, and this study provides a reference for the development of plant-based proteins in the food industry. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang-Li Kang
- School of Tourism and Cuisine, Industrial Engineering Center for Huaiyang Cuisin of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Cuisine Intangible Cultural Heritage Technology Inheritance, Ministry of Culture and Tourism, Yangzhou, China
| | - Peng-Lei Yao
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jing-Jie Xie
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yan-Ping Li
- Shangqiu Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shangqiu, China
| | - Han-Jun Ma
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
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3
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Kumar S, Aswal VK. Evolution of the structure and interaction in the surfactant-dependent heat-induced gelation of protein. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:5553-5563. [PMID: 38957095 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00284a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
The addition of a surfactant and/or an increase in temperature disrupt the native structure of proteins, where high temperature further results in protein gelation. However, in a mixed protein-surfactant system, surfactant concentration and temperature have been observed to exhibit both mutually associative and counter-balancing effects towards heat-induced gelation of protein-surfactant dispersion. This study is conducted on globular bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein and cationic surfactant dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (DTAB), which interact strongly owing to their oppositely charged nature. The findings reveal that the BSA-DTAB suspension undergoes gelation with increasing temperature but only at lower concentrations of DTAB, where the presence of the surfactant facilitates gelation (associative effect). Conversely, as the surfactant concentration increases beyond a critical value, temperature-driven gelation of the BSA-DTAB system is completely inhibited, despite surfactant-induced protein denaturation (counter-balancing effect). To conceptualize these results, we compared them with observations made in a system comprising protein and a similarly charged surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). It has been further demonstrated that the anionic surfactant (SDS) can restrict protein gelation at much lower concentration compared to the cationic surfactant (DTAB). The evolution of the structure and interaction during gel formation/inhibition has been examined to understand the underlying mechanism guiding these sol-gel transitions. We present a comprehensive phase diagram, encompassing the solution/gel states of the protein-surfactant dispersion, with respect to the dispersion temperature, surfactant concentration, and ionic behavior (anionic or cationic) of the surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sugam Kumar
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India.
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400 094, India
| | - Vinod K Aswal
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India.
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400 094, India
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4
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Hilal A, Florowska A, Domian E, Wroniak M. Binary Pea Protein-Psyllium Hydrogel: Insights into the Influence of pH and Ionic Strength on the Physical Stability and Mechanical Characteristics. Gels 2024; 10:401. [PMID: 38920947 PMCID: PMC11203367 DOI: 10.3390/gels10060401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Food hydrogels, used as delivery systems for bioactive compounds, can be formulated with various food-grade biopolymers. Their industrial utility is largely determined by their physicochemical properties. However, comprehensive data on the properties of pea protein-psyllium binary hydrogels under different pH and ionic strength conditions are limited. The aim of this research was to evaluate the impact of pH (adjusted to 7, 4.5, and 3) and ionic strength (modified by NaCl addition to 0.15 and 0.3 M) on the physical stability, color, texture, microrheological, and viscoelastic properties of these hydrogels. Color differences were most noticeable at lower pH levels. Inducing hydrogels at pH 7 (with or without NaCl) and pH 4.5 and 3 (without NaCl) resulted in complete gel structures with low stability, low elastic and storage moduli, and low complex viscosity, making them easily spreadable. Lower pH inductions (4.5 and 3) in the absence of NaCl resulted in hydrogels with shorter linear viscoelastic regions. Hydrogels induced at pH 4.5 and 3 with NaCl had high structural stability, high G' and G" moduli, complex viscosity, and high spreadability. Among the tested induction conditions, pH 3 with 0.3 M NaCl allowed for obtaining a hydrogel with the highest elastic and storage moduli values. Adjusting pH and ionic strength during hydrogel induction allows for modifying and tailoring their properties for specific industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adonis Hilal
- Department of Food Technology and Assessment, Institute of Food Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland; (A.F.); (M.W.)
| | - Anna Florowska
- Department of Food Technology and Assessment, Institute of Food Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland; (A.F.); (M.W.)
| | - Ewa Domian
- Department of Food Engineering and Process Management, Institute of Food Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Wroniak
- Department of Food Technology and Assessment, Institute of Food Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland; (A.F.); (M.W.)
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5
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Comunian TA, Gómez-Mascaraque LG, Maudhuit A, Roelens G, Poncelet D, Drusch S, Brodkorb A. Electrostatic spray drying: A new alternative for drying of complex coacervates. Food Res Int 2024; 183:114189. [PMID: 38760128 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Complex coacervation can be used for controlled delivery of bioactive compounds (i.e., flaxseed oil and quercetin). This study investigated the co-encapsulation of flaxseed oil and quercetin by complex coacervation using soluble pea protein (SPP) and gum arabic (GA) as shell materials, followed by innovative electrostatic spray drying (ES). The dried system was analyzed through encapsulation efficiency (EE) and yield (EY), morphological and physicochemical properties, and stability for 60 days. Small droplet size emulsions were produced by GA (in the first step of complex coacervation) due to its greater emulsifying activity than SPP. Oil EY and EE, moisture, and water activity in dried compositions ranged from 75.7 to 75.6, 76.0-73.4 %, 3.4-4.1 %, and 0.1-0.2, respectively. Spherical microcapsules were created with small and aggregated particle size but stable for 60 days. An amount of 8 % of quercetin remained in the dried coacervates after 60 days, with low hydroperoxide production. In summary, when GA is used as the emulsifier and SPP as the second biopolymer in the coacervation process, suitable coacervates for food applications are obtained, with ES being a novel alternative to obtain coacervates in powder, with improved stability for encapsulated compounds. As a result, this study helps provide a new delivery system option and sheds light on how the characteristics of biopolymers and the drying process affect coacervate formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talita A Comunian
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, P25YN63, Ireland
| | | | - Audrey Maudhuit
- Fluid Air Europe, Division of Spraying Systems Co., Treillieres, France
| | | | | | - Stephan Drusch
- Department of Food Technology and Food Material Science, Technische Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - André Brodkorb
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, P25YN63, Ireland.
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6
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Huang Z, Guo B, Zhang G. External factors affecting the linear and nonlinear rheological behavior of oleogel-based emulsions. Food Chem 2024; 439:138075. [PMID: 38029565 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
This study reported oleogel-based emulsions (OGEs, W/O) stabilized by carnauba wax. The effects of different external factors (heating temperature, crystallization temperature, and shear application during crystallization) on the microstructure and linear/nonlinear rheological properties of OGEs were investigated. Microstructural observation suggested that the OGEs had a uniform droplet distribution, and the carnauba wax crystals trapped oil in the continuous phase. The gelatinized oil phase allowed the OGEs to have a solid appearance and typical yielding behavior. The small amplitude oscillation shear analysis showed that lower heating temperature, higher crystallization temperature, and suitable shear application resulted in a stronger, more stable, and tighter packed network structure and better resistance to deformation of the OGEs. For nonlinear behavior, the elastic dominant behavior of OGEs transformed into viscous dominant behavior at large strain amplitudes, accompanied by more energy dissipation, strain stiffening, and a transition from shear thickening to shear thinning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China
| | - Baozhong Guo
- Research Institute of Bird's Nest, Xiamen Yan Palace Seelong Food Co Ltd, Xiamen 361100, Fujian, China
| | - Guowen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
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7
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Aina M, Baillon F, Sescousse R, Sanchez-Ballester NM, Begu S, Soulairol I, Sauceau M. Evaluation of the printability of agar and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose gels as gummy formulations: Insights from rheological properties. Int J Pharm 2024; 654:123937. [PMID: 38401873 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
The trial-and-error method currently used to create formulations with excellent printability demands considerable time and resources, primarily due to the increasing number of variables involved. Rheology serves as a relatively rapid and highly beneficial method for assessing materials and evaluating their effectiveness as 3D constructs. However, the data obtained can be overwhelming, especially for users lacking experience in this field. This study examined the rheological properties of formulations of agar, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and the model drug caffeine, alongside exploring their printability as gummy formulations. The gels' rheological properties were characterized using oscillatory and rotational experiments. The correlation between these gels' rheological properties and their printability was established, and three clusters were formed based on the rheological properties and printability of the samples using principal component analysis. Furthermore, the printability was predicted using the sample's rheological property that correlated most with printability, the phase angle δ, and the regression models resulted in an accuracy of over 80%. Although these relationships merit confirmation in later studies, this study suggests a quantitative definition of the relationship between printability and one rheological property and can be used for the development of formulations destined for extrusion 3D printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morenikeji Aina
- RAPSODEE, IMT Mines Albi, CNRS, University of Toulouse, 81013 Albi, France.
| | - Fabien Baillon
- RAPSODEE, IMT Mines Albi, CNRS, University of Toulouse, 81013 Albi, France
| | - Romain Sescousse
- RAPSODEE, IMT Mines Albi, CNRS, University of Toulouse, 81013 Albi, France
| | - Noelia M Sanchez-Ballester
- ICGM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France; Department of Pharmacy, Nîmes University Hospital, Nîmes, France
| | - Sylvie Begu
- ICGM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Ian Soulairol
- ICGM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France; Department of Pharmacy, Nîmes University Hospital, Nîmes, France
| | - Martial Sauceau
- RAPSODEE, IMT Mines Albi, CNRS, University of Toulouse, 81013 Albi, France
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8
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Xu Y, He C, Zhou Z. Modulating the texture of heat-set gels of phosphorylated walnut protein isolates through Glucono-δ-lactone acidification. Food Chem 2024; 437:137734. [PMID: 37871422 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
The gelation of walnut protein isolates has not been extensively studied, mainly due to their inherent poor dispersity. This study investigated the gelation of alkaline-extracted walnut protein isolates (AWPI) and phosphorylated walnut protein isolates (PWPI) induced by heat treatment with glucono-δ-lactone (GDL) acidification, focusing on the impact of GDL concentrations on microstructure, rheology, and texture of the resulting gels. The PWPI gel exhibited lower hardness but a smoother structure than the AWPI gel. Notably, acidification with GDL (0.6-1.2%) significantly increased the stiffness of PWPI gels, increasing storage modulus and yield stress 10-50 times, while weakening AWPI gels. Varying concentrations of GDL effectively modulated the microstructure of the PWPI gels, leading to the altered texture (from a soft-solid state to a well-self-supporting stiff-solid gel) and water holding capacity (from approximately 46% to 85%). Additionally, hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bonds were identified as the primary forces involved in the gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Xu
- School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610039, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Changwei He
- School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610039, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610039, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, China.
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9
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Shi H, Zhang M, Mujumdar AS. 3D/4D printed super reconstructed foods: Characteristics, research progress, and prospects. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13310. [PMID: 38369929 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Super reconstructed foods (SRFs) have characteristics beyond those of real system in terms of nutrition, texture, appearance, and other properties. As 3D/4D food printing technology continues to be improved in recent years, this layered manufacturing/additive manufacturing preparation technology based on food reconstruction has made it possible to continuously develop large-scale manufacture of SRFs. Compared with the traditional reconstructed foods, SRFs prepared using 3D/4D printing technologies are discussed comprehensively in this review. To meet the requirements of customers in terms of nutrition or other characteristics, multi-processing technologies are being combined with 3D/4D printing. Aspects of printing inks, product quality parameters, and recent progress in SRFs based on 3D/4D printing are assessed systematically and discussed critically. The potential for 3D/4D printed SRFs and the need for further research and developments in this area are presented and discussed critically. In addition to the natural materials which were initially suitable for 3D/4D printing, other derivative components have already been applied, which include hydrogels, polysaccharide-based materials, protein-based materials, and smart materials with distinctive characteristics. SRFs based on 3D/4D printing can retain the characteristics of deconstruction and reconstruction while also exhibiting quality parameters beyond those of the original material systems, such as variable rheological properties, on-demand texture, essential printability, improved microstructure, improved nutrition, and more appealing appearance. SRFs with 3D/4D printing are already widely used in foods such as simulated foods, staple foods, fermented foods, foods for people with special dietary needs, and foods made from food processingbyproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province International Joint Laboratory on Fresh Food Smart Processing and Quality Monitoring, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- China General Chamber of Commerce Key Laboratory on Fresh Food Processing & Preservation, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Arun S Mujumdar
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Quebec, Canada
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10
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Tang H, Li X, Chen J, Liu B, Tang R, Chen Y, Li H, Zou L, Shi Q. Effects of Dextran on the Gel Properties of Faba Bean Protein Isolates Prepared Using Different Processes. Gels 2023; 9:972. [PMID: 38131958 PMCID: PMC10742445 DOI: 10.3390/gels9120972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The properties of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) protein isolate (FPI) gels depend on their starting protein material and can be modulated by the addition of polysaccharides. In order to investigate the interplay between these two factors, commercial FPI (FPI1) and FPI prepared in-house (FPI2) were used to fabricate glucono-delta-lactone-induced gels, with or without dextran (DX) addition. FPI1 exhibited lower solubility in water and a larger mean particle size, likely because it experienced extensive degradation due to the intense conditions involved in its preparation. The FPI1 gel showed a similar water-holding capacity as the FPI2 gel; however, its hardness was lower and viscoelasticity was higher. After DX addition, the hardness of both FPI gels decreased, while their water-holding capacity increased. Interestingly, DX addition decreased the viscoelasticity of the FPI1 gel but enhanced the viscoelasticity of the FPI2 gel. The microstructural analysis demonstrated that the density of the aggregation network decreased in the FPI1 gel after DX addition but increased in the FPI2 gel. This was consistent with the changes observed in the dominant protein interaction forces in these gels after DX addition. Overall, these findings have the potential to guide ingredient selection for the tailored preparation of FPI gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihua Tang
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 65022, China
| | - Xinyi Li
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 65022, China
| | - Junfei Chen
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 65022, China
| | - Biqin Liu
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 65022, China
| | - Rong Tang
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 65022, China
| | - Yuchun Chen
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 65022, China
| | - Hong Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650100, China
| | - Ling Zou
- Institute of Flower Research, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 65022, China
| | - Qiao Shi
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 65022, China
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11
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Luo J, Liu S, Lu H, Wang Y, Chen Q, Shi Y. Improvement of kefir fermentation on rheological and microstructural properties of soy protein isolate gels. Food Res Int 2023; 174:113489. [PMID: 37986495 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Soy protein isolate (SPI) has become a promising plant-based material as an animal protein products alternative. However, its application was limited due to the weak gelling properties. To investigate the effect of kefir fermentation on SPI gels properties, SPI-polysaccharide gels was produced by unfermented and kefir-fermented SPI using different concentration of KGM, chitosan, and calcium chloride in this study. Characterization of fermented SPI gels showed that fermentation by kefir grains can be applied to improve the textural strength, mechanical structure, and thermal characteristics of SPI gels. Compared to unfermented SPI gels, the water-holding capacity was remarkably enhanced to 63.11% and 65.71% in fermented SPI-chitosan gels. Moreover, the hardness of fermented SPI-KGM gels were significantly increased to 13.43 g and 27.11 g. And the cohesiveness and resilience of fermented-KGM gels were also improved than unfermented samples. Results of rheological characterization and thermogravimetric analysis revealed the strengthened mechanical features and higher thermal stability of fermented SPI gels. Additionally, the main role of hydrophobic interactions and secondary structure variations of SPI gels were demonstrated by intermolecular force measurements, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Moreover, the network structure was observed more compact and homogeneous performed by microstructural images in fermented SPI gels. Therefore, this research provided a novel approach combining multi-species fermentation with protein gelation to prepare SPI gel materials with improved nutrition and structural properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Luo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Siyu Liu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Hongyun Lu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Qihe Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Future Food Laboratory, Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314100, China.
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
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12
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Guo R, Liu L, Huang Y, Lv M, Zhu Y, Wang Z, Zhu X, Sun B. Effect of Na + and Ca 2+ on the texture, structure and microstructure of composite protein gel of mung bean protein and wheat gluten. Food Res Int 2023; 172:113124. [PMID: 37689843 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the change of ionic strength on the gel characteristics during the processing of mung bean protein-based foods, the effects of NaCl and CaCl2 at different concentrations (0-0.005 g/mL) on the properties of mung bean protein (MBP) and wheat gluten (WG) composite protein gel were studied. The results showed that low concentration (0.001-0.002 g/mL) could significantly improve the water holding capacity (WHC), storage modulus (G') and texture properties of composite protein gel (MBP/WG), while the surface hydrophobicity (H0) and solubility were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). With the increase of ion concentration, the secondary structures of MBP/WG shifted from α-helix to β-sheet, and the fluorescence spectra also showed fluorescence quenching phenomenon. By analyzing the intermolecular forces of MBP/WG, it was found that with the addition of salt ions, the hydrogen bonds was weakened and the electrostatic interactions, hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bonds were enhanced, which in turn the aggregation behavior of MBP/WG composite protein gel was affected and larger aggregates between the proteins were formed. It could be also demonstrated that the gel network was denser due to the addition of these large aggregates, thus the gel properties of MBP/WG was improved. However, too many salt ions could disrupt the stable network structure of protein gel. This study can provide theoretical support to expand the development of new mung bean protein products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruqi Guo
- Department of Food Engineering, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Grain Food and Comprehensive Processing, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Linlin Liu
- Department of Food Engineering, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Grain Food and Comprehensive Processing, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yuyang Huang
- Department of Food Engineering, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Grain Food and Comprehensive Processing, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Mingshou Lv
- Department of Food Engineering, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Grain Food and Comprehensive Processing, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Food Engineering, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Grain Food and Comprehensive Processing, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zihan Wang
- Department of Food Engineering, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Grain Food and Comprehensive Processing, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiuqing Zhu
- Department of Food Engineering, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Grain Food and Comprehensive Processing, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Bingyu Sun
- Department of Food Engineering, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Grain Food and Comprehensive Processing, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, Heilongjiang, China.
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13
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Nascimento LGL, Queiroz LS, Petersen HO, Marie R, Silva NFN, Mohammadifar MA, de Sá Peixoto Júnior PP, Delaplace G, de Carvalho AF, Casanova F. High-intensity ultrasound treatment on casein: Pea mixed systems: Effect on gelling properties. Food Chem 2023; 422:136178. [PMID: 37119595 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the suitability of the application of high-intensity ultrasounds (HIUS) to improve the acid induced gelation of mixed protein systems formed by casein micelles (CMs) and pea. The protein suspensions were prepared in different protein ratios CMs: pea (100:0, 80:20, 50:50, 20:80, 0:100) at 8% (w/w) total protein concentration. In the suspensions, the ultrasound treatment produced an increase in solubility, surface hydrophobicity, and a decrease in the samples' viscosity, with more remarkable differences in protein blends in which pea protein was the major component. However, the replacement of 20% of CMs for pea proteins highly affected the gel elasticity. Hence, the creation of smaller and more hydrophobic building blocks before acidification due to the HIUS treatment increased the elasticity of the gels up to 10 times. Therefore, high-intensity ultrasounds are a suitable green technique to increase the gelling properties of CMs: pea systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Gustavo Lima Nascimento
- Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), 36570-900 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Laboratoire de Processus aux Interfaces et Hygiène des Matériaux, INRAE, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Lucas Sales Queiroz
- Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), 36570-900 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Research Group for Food Production Engineering, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Heidi Olander Petersen
- Research Group for Food Production Engineering, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Rodolphe Marie
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Mohammed Amin Mohammadifar
- Research Group for Food Production Engineering, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Guillaume Delaplace
- Laboratoire de Processus aux Interfaces et Hygiène des Matériaux, INRAE, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Antônio Fernandes de Carvalho
- Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), 36570-900 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Federico Casanova
- Research Group for Food Production Engineering, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
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14
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Fernández Sosa EI, Chaves MG, Peyrano F, Quiroga AV, Avanza MV. Thermal Gelation of Proteins from Cajanus cajan Influenced by pH and Ionic Strength. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 78:574-583. [PMID: 37597067 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-023-01086-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Cajanus cajan [pigeon pea (PP)] is an important legume crop for subsistence agriculture and its seeds are an alternative plant-based protein source. PP protein isolates (PPI) are able to form heat-induced gels that could be used for food applications. The aim of this work was to study the influence of pH (2.1, 3.9, 6.3, and 8.3) and ionic strength (μ) (0.10 and 0.54) on thermal stability and thermal gelation of PPI obtained by alkaline extraction (pH 8.0) and isoelectric precipitation. Thermal stability of PPI changed with pH variation at low ionic strength (μ = 0.10), decreasing this dependence with the increase of ionic strength (μ = 0.54). At μ = 0.10, gelation capacity of PPI was lower at pH 2.1 and pH 3.9. These gels presented a coarse network, which entails low WHC. At pH 6.3 and pH 8.3, gels showed a solid-like character with a compact and homogeneous matrix, with better WHC. At μ = 0.54, gel formation was favoured at pH 2.1 and pH 3.9. G'20/G'95 ratio values and differential solubility results suggest that hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions could play an important role in gel formation at pH 6.3 and pH 8.3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Isabel Fernández Sosa
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (UNNE) and Instituto de Química Básica y Aplicada del Nordeste Argentino (IQUIBANEA), UNNE-CONICET, Avenida Libertad 5470 (3400), Corrientes, República Argentina.
| | - María Guadalupe Chaves
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (UNNE) and Instituto de Química Básica y Aplicada del Nordeste Argentino (IQUIBANEA), UNNE-CONICET, Avenida Libertad 5470 (3400), Corrientes, República Argentina
| | - Felicitas Peyrano
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (UNNE) and Instituto de Química Básica y Aplicada del Nordeste Argentino (IQUIBANEA), UNNE-CONICET, Avenida Libertad 5470 (3400), Corrientes, República Argentina
| | - Alejandra Viviana Quiroga
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos (CIDCA), UNLP-CONICET, 47 y 116 (1900), La Plata, Buenos Aires, República Argentina
| | - María Victoria Avanza
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (UNNE) and Instituto de Química Básica y Aplicada del Nordeste Argentino (IQUIBANEA), UNNE-CONICET, Avenida Libertad 5470 (3400), Corrientes, República Argentina
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15
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Heiden-Hecht T, Wu B, Appavou MS, Förster S, Frielinghaus H, Holderer O. Multiscale Structural Insight into Dairy Products and Plant-Based Alternatives by Scattering and Imaging Techniques. Foods 2023; 12:foods12102021. [PMID: 37238839 DOI: 10.3390/foods12102021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Dairy products and plant-based alternatives have a large range of structural features from atomic to macroscopic length scales. Scattering techniques with neutrons and X-rays provide a unique view into this fascinating world of interfaces and networks provided by, e.g., proteins and lipids. Combining these scattering techniques with a microscopic view into the emulsion and gel systems with environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) assists in a thorough understanding of such systems. Different dairy products, such as milk, or plant-based alternatives, such as milk-imitating drinks, and their derived or even fermented products, including cheese and yogurt, are characterized in terms of their structure on nanometer- to micrometer-length scales. For dairy products, the identified structural features are milk fat globules, casein micelles, CCP nanoclusters, and milk fat crystals. With increasing dry matter content in dairy products, milk fat crystals are identified, whereas casein micelles are non-detectable due to the protein gel network in all types of cheese. For the more inhomogeneous plant-based alternatives, fat crystals, starch structures, and potentially protein structures are identified. These results may function as a base for improving the understanding of dairy products and plant-based alternatives, and may lead to enhanced plant-based alternatives in terms of structure and, thus, sensory aspects such as mouthfeel and texture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresia Heiden-Hecht
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Baohu Wu
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Marie-Sousai Appavou
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Stephan Förster
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85747 Garching, Germany
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-1), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Henrich Frielinghaus
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Olaf Holderer
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85747 Garching, Germany
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16
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Zeng X, Jiang W, Li H, Li Q, Kokini JL, Du Z, Xi Y, Li J. Interactions of Mesona chinensis Benth polysaccharides with different polysaccharides to fabricate food hydrogels: A review. Food Hydrocoll 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2023.108556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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17
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Naebi M, Torbati M, Azadmard-Damirchi S, Siabi S, Savage GP. An overview of effects of gamma radiation on the biological, physicochemical and nutritional parameters of oilseeds and oils. Int J Radiat Biol 2023; 99:1495-1502. [PMID: 36867080 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2187473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Gamma irradiation is a non-thermal method for prolonging the shelf-life of foods and it is a possible alternative technology for oilseeds. After harvest, the development of pests and microorganisms, as well as the reactions caused by enzymes reason numerous problems in the oilseeds. Gamma radiation is one of the methods that could inhibit undesired microorganisms, but it can also change the physicochemical and nutritive characteristics of oils. CONCLUSION This paper is a brief review of recent publications on the effects of gamma radiation on the biological, physicochemical and nutritional parameters of oils. Overall, gamma radiation is a safe and environmentally friendly method that improves the quality, stability and safety characteristics of oilseeds and oils. In the future, there may also be many health reasons to produce oils using gamma radiation. Investigation of other radiation techniques such as x-rays and electron beams have a good potential once the specific doses that would free them from pests and contaminants have been identified while conserving the benefits without altering their sensory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Naebi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammadali Torbati
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sodeif Azadmard-Damirchi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shahla Siabi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Geoffrey P Savage
- Food Group, Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences, Lincoln University, Canterbury, New Zealand
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18
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Zhang K, Tian X, Shen R, Zhao K, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Wang W. Delaying In vitro gastric digestion of myofibrillar protein gel using carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibrils: Forming a compact and uniform microstructure. Food Hydrocoll 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2023.108661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
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19
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Nourmohammadi N, Austin L, Chen D. Protein-Based Fat Replacers: A Focus on Fabrication Methods and Fat-Mimic Mechanisms. Foods 2023; 12:foods12050957. [PMID: 36900473 PMCID: PMC10000404 DOI: 10.3390/foods12050957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing occurrence of obesity and other non-communicable diseases has shifted the human diet towards reduced calorie intake. This drives the market to develop low-fat/non-fat food products with limited deterioration of textural properties. Thus, developing high-quality fat replacers which can replicate the role of fat in the food matrix is essential. Among all the established types of fat replacers, protein-based ones have shown a higher compatibility with a wide range of foods with limited contribution to the total calories, including protein isolate/concentrate, microparticles, and microgels. The approach to fabricating fat replacers varies with their types, such as thermal-mechanical treatment, anti-solvent precipitation, enzymatic hydrolysis, complexation, and emulsification. Their detailed process is summarized in the present review with a focus on the latest findings. The fat-mimic mechanisms of fat replacers have received little attention compared to the fabricating methods; attempts are also made to explain the underlying principles of fat replacers from the physicochemical prospect. Finally, a future direction on the development of desirable fat replacers in a more sustainable way was also pointed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Nourmohammadi
- Department of Animals, Veterinary and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
| | - Luke Austin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
| | - Da Chen
- Department of Animals, Veterinary and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
- Correspondence:
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20
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Jaeger A, Sahin AW, Nyhan L, Zannini E, Arendt EK. Functional Properties of Brewer's Spent Grain Protein Isolate: The Missing Piece in the Plant Protein Portfolio. Foods 2023; 12:foods12040798. [PMID: 36832874 PMCID: PMC9955837 DOI: 10.3390/foods12040798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant protein sources, as a part of developing sustainable food systems, are currently of interest globally. Brewer's spent grain (BSG) is the most plentiful by-product of the brewing industry, representing ~85% of the total side streams produced. Although nutritionally dense, there are very few methods of upcycling these materials. High in protein, BSG can serve as an ideal raw material for protein isolate production. This study details the nutritional and functional characteristics of BSG protein isolate, EverPro, and compares these with the technological performance of the current gold standard plant protein isolates, pea and soy. The compositional characteristics are determined, including amino acid analysis, protein solubility, and protein profile among others. Related physical properties are determined, including foaming characteristics, emulsifying properties, zeta potential, surface hydrophobicity, and rheological properties. Regarding nutrition, EverPro meets or exceeds the requirement of each essential amino acid per g protein, with the exception of lysine, while pea and soy are deficient in methionine and cysteine. EverPro has a similar protein content to the pea and soy isolates, but far exceeds them in terms of protein solubility, with a protein solubility of ~100% compared to 22% and 52% for pea and soy isolates, respectively. This increased solubility, in turn, affects other functional properties; EverPro displays the highest foaming capacity and exhibits low sedimentation activity, while also possessing minimal gelation properties and low emulsion stabilising activity when compared to pea and soy isolates. This study outlines the functional and nutritional properties of EverPro, a brewer's spent grain protein, in comparison to commercial plant protein isolates, indicating the potential for the inclusion of new, sustainable plant-based protein sources in human nutrition, in particular dairy alternative applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Jaeger
- School of Food and Nutritional Science, University College Cork, T12K8AF Cork, Ireland
| | - Aylin W. Sahin
- School of Food and Nutritional Science, University College Cork, T12K8AF Cork, Ireland
| | - Laura Nyhan
- School of Food and Nutritional Science, University College Cork, T12K8AF Cork, Ireland
| | - Emanuele Zannini
- School of Food and Nutritional Science, University College Cork, T12K8AF Cork, Ireland
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Elke K. Arendt
- School of Food and Nutritional Science, University College Cork, T12K8AF Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, T12YT20 Cork, Ireland
- Correspondence:
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21
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Hilal A, Florowska A, Wroniak M. Binary Hydrogels: Induction Methods and Recent Application Progress as Food Matrices for Bioactive Compounds Delivery-A Bibliometric Review. Gels 2023; 9:gels9010068. [PMID: 36661834 PMCID: PMC9857866 DOI: 10.3390/gels9010068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Food hydrogels are biopolymeric materials made from food-grade biopolymers with gelling properties (proteins and polysaccharides) and a 3D network capable of incorporating large amounts of water. They have sparked considerable interest because of their potential and broad application range in the biomedical and pharmaceutical sectors. However, hydrogel research in the field of food science is still limited. This knowledge gap provides numerous opportunities for implementing their unique properties, such as high water-holding capacity, moderated texture, compatibility with other substances, cell biocompatibility, biodegradability, and high resemblance to living tissues, for the development of novel, functional food matrices. For that reason, this article includes a bibliometric analysis characterizing research trends in food protein-polysaccharide hydrogels (over the last ten years). Additionally, it characterizes the most recent developments in hydrogel induction methods and the most recent application progress of hydrogels as food matrices as carriers for the targeted delivery of bioactive compounds. Finally, this article provides a future perspective on the need to evaluate the feasibility of using plant-based proteins and polysaccharides to develop food matrices that protect nutrients, including bioactive substances, throughout processing, storage, and digestion until they reach the specific targeted area of the digestive system.
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22
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Shin JS, Kim BH, Kim HS, Baik MY. Optimization of pea protein and citrus fiber contents for plant based stirred soymilk yogurt using response surface methodology. Food Sci Biotechnol 2022; 31:1691-1701. [PMID: 36313001 PMCID: PMC9596660 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-022-01180-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the optimization of pea protein (PP) and citrus fiber (CF) contents with the goal of producing a clean-label plant-based stirred soymilk yogurt that is free of additives. If CF is absent, a greater PP concentration tends to produce soymilk yogurt with improved physical properties (viscosity, flowability and water holding capacity). A CF concentration of 0.1% helped to improve the physical properties necessary in the production of stirred yogurt; however, an increase in CF concentration to 0.2% or higher would instead cause the physical properties to become unfavorable. The lactic acid bacteria (LAB) count was unaffected by CF content and increased proportionally with PP content. Response surface methodology was employed to investigate how the physical properties were affected by the mixing ratio, and an optimization technique was used to obtain the optimal yogurt mixing ratio. According to the optimization process, the optimal contents of 4% PP and 0.1% CF was obtained with a desirability of 87.1%. This result could provide the basic and fundamental information for developing clean-label plant-based stirred soymilk yogurt as a reference in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Sung Shin
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Corporate Technology Office, Pulmuone Corp., Cheongju, 28220 Republic of Korea
| | - Beom-Hee Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Seok Kim
- Major of Food Science and Biotechnology, Division of Bio-Convergence, Kyonggi University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo-Yeol Baik
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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23
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Effect of Laser-Induced Optical Breakdown on the Structure of Bsa Molecules in Aqueous Solutions: An Optical Study. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196752. [PMID: 36235285 PMCID: PMC9573762 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of laser radiation of a typical surgical laser on the physicochemical properties of the Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) protein was studied. It was established that the physicochemical characteristics of optical breakdown weakly depend on the concentration of protein molecules. At the same time, the patterns observed for an aqueous solution of BSA irradiated with a laser for different time periods were extremely similar to the classical ones. It was established that after exposure to laser radiation, the optical density of protein solutions increases. At the same time, the intensity of BSA fluorescence due to aromatic amino acid residues decreases insignificantly after exposure to laser radiation. In this case, the position of the excitation and emission maximum does not change, and the shape of the fluorescence spot on 3D maps also does not change significantly. On the Raman spectrum after exposure to laser radiation, a significant decrease in 1570 cm−1 was observed, which indicates the degradation of α-helices and, as a result, partial denaturation of BSA molecules. Partial denaturation did not significantly change the total area of protein molecules, since the refractive index of solutions did not change significantly. However, in BSA solutions, after exposure to laser radiation, the viscosity increased, and the pseudoplasticity of aqueous solutions decreased. In this case, there was no massive damage to the polypeptide chain; on the contrary, when exposed to optical breakdown, intense aggregation was observed, while aggregates with a size of 400 nm or more appeared in the solution. Thus, under the action of optical breakdown induced by laser radiation in a BSA solution, the processes of partial denaturation and aggregation prevail, aromatic amino acid residues are damaged to a lesser extent, and fragmentation of protein molecules is not observed.
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24
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A Comparative Evaluation of the Structural and Biomechanical Properties of Food-Grade Biopolymers as Potential Hydrogel Building Blocks. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092106. [PMID: 36140206 PMCID: PMC9495968 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to conduct a comparative assessment of the structural and biomechanical properties of eight selected food-grade biopolymers (pea protein, wheat protein, gellan gum, konjac gum, inulin, maltodextrin, psyllium, and tara gum) as potential hydrogel building blocks. The prepared samples were investigated in terms of the volumetric gelling index, microrheological parameters, physical stability, and color parameters. Pea protein, gellan gum, konjac gum, and psyllium samples had high VGI values (100%), low solid−liquid balance (SLB < 0.5), and high macroscopic viscosity index (MVI) values (53.50, 59.98, 81.58, and 45.62 nm−2, respectively) in comparison with the samples prepared using wheat protein, maltodextrin, and tara gum (SLB > 0.5, MVI: 13.58, 0.04, and 0.25 nm−2, respectively). Inulin had the highest elasticity index value (31.05 nm−2) and MVI value (590.17 nm−2). The instability index was the lowest in the case of pea protein, gellan gum, konjac gum, and inulin (below 0.02). The color parameters and whiteness index (WI) of each biopolymer differed significantly from one another. Based on the obtained results, pea protein, gellan gum, konjac gum, and psyllium hydrogels had similar structural and biomechanical properties, while inulin hydrogel had the most diverse properties. Wheat protein, maltodextrin, and tara gum did not form a gel structure.
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Helmick H, Hartanto C, Ettestad S, Liceaga A, Bhunia AK, Kokini JL. Quantitative structure-property relationships of thermoset pea protein gels with ethanol, shear, and sub-zero temperature pretreatments. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.108066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Dou N, Sun R, Su C, Ma Y, Zhang X, Wu M, Hou J. Soybean Oil Bodies as a Milk Fat Substitute Improves Quality, Antioxidant and Digestive Properties of Yogurt. Foods 2022; 11:foods11142088. [PMID: 35885331 PMCID: PMC9320349 DOI: 10.3390/foods11142088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In this experiment, the effect of replacing milk fat with soybean fat body (25%, 50%, 75%, 100%) on the quality, antioxidant capacity and in vitro digestive characteristics of yogurt was investigated while maintaining the total fat content of the yogurt unchanged. The results showed that increasing the substitution amount of soy fat body for milk fat had little effect on the pH and acidity of yogurt during the storage period, while the physicochemical properties, degree of protein gel network crosslinking, saturated fatty acid content, PV value and TBARS value of the yogurt significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, protein content, solids content, unsaturated fatty acid content, tocopherol content and water holding capacity significantly increased (p < 0.05). Flavor analysis revealed that yogurts with soybean oil bodies were significantly different when compared to those without soybean oil bodies (p < 0.05), and yogurt with 25% substitution had the highest sensory score. After in vitro digestion, the free fatty acid release, antioxidant capacity and protein digestibility of soybean oil body yogurt were significantly higher (p < 0.05). The SDS-PAGE results showed that the protein hydrolysis of the soybean oil body yogurt was faster. Therefore, the use of an appropriate amount of soybean oil bodies to replace milk fat is able to enhance the taste of yogurt and improve the quality of the yogurt.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Juncai Hou
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-451-5519-0710
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Effect of moderate electric fields on the structural and gelation properties of pea protein isolate. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2022.102959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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28
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Wang Y, Selomulya C. Food rheology applications of large amplitude oscillation shear (LAOS). Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Schreuders FK, Schlangen M, Bodnár I, Erni P, Boom RM, van der Goot AJ. Structure formation and non-linear rheology of blends of plant proteins with pectin and cellulose. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Non-linear rheology reveals the importance of elasticity in meat and meat analogues. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1334. [PMID: 35079006 PMCID: PMC8789867 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04478-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The interest in plant-based meat analogues as an alternative to meat is currently growing. Rheological benchmarking is used to reveal how closely meat analogues resemble the original meat products. Texture maps and dissipation colour schemes were used to reveal similarities in and differences between rheological responses of meat and meat analogues (especially chicken analogues). Under heating, meat analogues differ in terms of their lower elasticity compared with heated meat. The changes caused by heating meat and meat analogues were different as well. Heating of meat resulted in a tougher and more elastic material, while heating has a minor effect on meat analogues. Future developments should therefore focus on routes to create more elasticity and possibly allow heating effects on texture to mimic meat characteristics even better.
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Masiá C, Jensen PE, Petersen IL, Buldo P. Design of a Functional Pea Protein Matrix for Fermented Plant-Based Cheese. Foods 2022; 11:178. [PMID: 35053910 PMCID: PMC8774429 DOI: 10.3390/foods11020178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of a fermented plant-based cheese requires understanding the behavior of the selected raw material prior to fermentation. Raw material processing affects physicochemical properties of plant protein ingredients, and it determines their ability to form fermentation-induced protein gels. Moreover, the addition of oil also influences structure formation and therefore affects gel firmness. This study focuses on identifying and characterizing an optimal pea protein matrix suitable for fermentation-induced plant-based cheese. Stability and gel formation were investigated in pea protein matrices. Pea protein isolate (PPI) emulsions with 10% protein and 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20% olive oil levels were produced and further fermented with a starter culture suitable for plant matrices. Emulsion stability was evaluated through particle size, ζ-potential, and back-scattered light changes over 7 h. Gel hardness and oscillation measurements of the fermented gels were taken after 1 and 7 days of storage under refrigeration. The water-holding capacity of the gels was measured after 7 days of storage and their microstructure was visualized with confocal microscopy. Results indicate that all PPI emulsions were physically stable after 7 h. Indeed, ζ-potential did not change significantly over time in PPI emulsions, a bimodal particle size distribution was observed in all samples, and no significant variation was observed after 7 h in any of the samples. Fermentation time oscillated between 5.5 and 7 h in all samples. Higher oil content led to weaker gels and lower elastic modulus and no significant changes in gel hardness were observed over 7 days of storage under refrigeration in closed containers. Water-holding capacity increased in samples with higher olive oil content. Based on our results, an optimal pea protein matrix for fermentation-induced pea protein gels can be produced with 10% protein content and 10% olive oil levels without compromising gel hardness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Masiá
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark; (P.E.J.); (I.L.P.)
- Plant Based Application Department, Chr. Hansen A/S, Bøge Alle 10-12, 2970 Hørsholm, Denmark;
| | - Poul Erik Jensen
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark; (P.E.J.); (I.L.P.)
| | - Iben Lykke Petersen
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark; (P.E.J.); (I.L.P.)
| | - Patrizia Buldo
- Plant Based Application Department, Chr. Hansen A/S, Bøge Alle 10-12, 2970 Hørsholm, Denmark;
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García Arteaga V, Demand V, Kern K, Strube A, Szardenings M, Muranyi I, Eisner P, Schweiggert-Weisz U. Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Fermentation of Pea Protein Isolate and Its Effects on Antigenic Proteins, Functional Properties, and Sensory Profile. Foods 2022; 11:118. [PMID: 35010244 PMCID: PMC8750503 DOI: 10.3390/foods11010118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Combinations of enzymatic hydrolysis using different proteolytic enzymes (papain, Esperase®, trypsin) and lactic fermentation with Lactobacillus plantarum were used to alter potential pea allergens, the functional properties and sensory profile of pea protein isolate (PPI). The order in which the treatments were performed had a major impact on the changes in the properties of the pea protein isolate; the highest changes were seen with the combination of fermentation followed by enzymatic hydrolysis. SDS-PAGE, gel filtration, and ELISA results showed changes in the protein molecular weight and a reduced immunogenicity of treated samples. Treated samples showed significantly increased protein solubility at pH 4.5 (31.19-66.55%) and at pH 7.0 (47.37-74.95%), compared to the untreated PPI (6.98% and 40.26%, respectively). The foaming capacity was significantly increased (1190-2575%) compared to the untreated PPI (840%). The treated PPI showed reduced pea characteristic off-flavors, where only the treatment with Esperase® significantly increased the bitterness. The results from this study suggest that the combination of enzymatic hydrolysis and lactic fermentation is a promising method to be used in the food industry to produce pea protein ingredients with higher functionality and a highly neutral taste. A reduced detection signal of polyclonal rabbit anti-pea-antibodies against the processed protein preparations in ELISA furthermore might indicate a decreased immunological reaction after consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica García Arteaga
- Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging IVV, 85354 Freising, Germany; (V.G.A.); (V.D.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (P.E.)
- Center of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Victoria Demand
- Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging IVV, 85354 Freising, Germany; (V.G.A.); (V.D.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (P.E.)
| | - Karolin Kern
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (K.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Andrea Strube
- Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging IVV, 85354 Freising, Germany; (V.G.A.); (V.D.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (P.E.)
| | - Michael Szardenings
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (K.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Isabel Muranyi
- Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging IVV, 85354 Freising, Germany; (V.G.A.); (V.D.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (P.E.)
| | - Peter Eisner
- Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging IVV, 85354 Freising, Germany; (V.G.A.); (V.D.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (P.E.)
- ZIEL—Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
- Steinbeis-Hochschule, School of Technology and Engineering, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ute Schweiggert-Weisz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging IVV, 85354 Freising, Germany; (V.G.A.); (V.D.); (A.S.); (I.M.); (P.E.)
- Institute for Nutritional and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
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Yang X, Feng J, Zhu Q, Hong R, Li L. A Relation between Exopolysaccharide from Lactic Acid Bacteria and Properties of Fermentation Induced Soybean Protein Gels. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 14:polym14010090. [PMID: 35012112 PMCID: PMC8747248 DOI: 10.3390/polym14010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Exopolysaccharide (EPS) producing lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is considered to be an effective texture improver. The effect of LAB strains (different EPS production capacity) on physicochemical properties (texture profile, water distribution, rheological properties, and microstructure), protein conformation, and chemical forces of soybean protein gel was investigated. Correlations between EPS yield and gel properties were established. Large masses of EPS were isolated from L. casei fermentation gel (L. casei-G, 677.01 ± 19.82 mg/kg). Gel with the highest hardness (319.74 ± 9.98 g) and water holding capacity (WHC, 87.74 ± 2.00%) was also formed with L. casei. The conversion of β-sheet to α-helix, the increased hydrophobic interaction and ionic bond helped to form an ordered gel network. The yield was positively correlated with hardness, WHC, A22, viscoelasticity, and viscosity, but negatively correlated with A23 (p < 0.05). The macromolecular properties of EPS (especially the yield) and its incompatibility with proteins could be explained as the main reason for improving gel properties. In conclusion, the EPS producing LAB, especially L. casei used in our study, is the best ordinary coagulate replacement in soybean-based products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rui Hong
- Correspondence: (R.H.); (L.L.); Tel.: +86(0)-451-55190477 (R.H.); Fax: +86(0)-451-55190577 (R.H.)
| | - Liang Li
- Correspondence: (R.H.); (L.L.); Tel.: +86(0)-451-55190477 (R.H.); Fax: +86(0)-451-55190577 (R.H.)
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Zha F, Rao J, Chen B. Plant-based food hydrogels: Constitutive characteristics, formation, and modulation. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2021.101505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Xia W, Siu WK, Sagis LM. Linear and non-linear rheology of heat-set soy protein gels: Effects of selective proteolysis of β-conglycinin and glycinin. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.106962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Shin JS, Kim BH, Baik MY. Applicable Plant Proteins and Dietary Fibers for Simulate Plant-Based Yogurts. Foods 2021; 10:foods10102305. [PMID: 34681352 PMCID: PMC8535351 DOI: 10.3390/foods10102305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Effects of plant proteins and dietary fibers on the physical properties of stirred soy yogurt were investigated. Buffering capacity against lactic acid was not affected by the protein concentration for any of the four proteins that were examined: isolate soy protein (ISP), pea protein (PP), rice protein (RP), and almond protein (AP). Three proteins other than AP exhibited an increase in buffering capacity (dB/dPH) following a physical treatment, whereas AP saw a decrease in buffering capacity. Furthermore, physically treated PP revealed a significant increase in viscosity, reaching up to 497 cp in the pH 6.0~6.2 range during the titration process. Following fermentation, PP produced the highest viscosity and coagulum strength with no syneresis. In the case of dietary fiber, Acacia Fiber (AF) was completely dissolved in the solvent and did not affect the physical properties of the fermented coagulum. Soy fiber (SF) was also not suitable for fermented milk processes because precipitation occurred after the physical treatment. In the case of citrus fiber (CF), however, syneresis did not occur during storage after the physical treatment, and the viscosity also increased up to 2873 cP. Consequently, PP and CF were deemed to be a suitable plant protein and dietary fiber for stirred soy yogurt, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Sung Shin
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (J.-S.S.); (B.-H.K.)
- Corporate Technology Office, Pulmuone Corp., Cheongju 28614, Korea
| | - Beom-Hee Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (J.-S.S.); (B.-H.K.)
| | - Moo-Yeol Baik
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (J.-S.S.); (B.-H.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-201-2625
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Schreuders FK, Sagis LM, Bodnár I, Erni P, Boom RM, van der Goot AJ. Mapping the texture of plant protein blends for meat analogues. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.106753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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39
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Effect of acid/alkali shifting on function, gelation properties, and microstructure of Mesona chinensis polysaccharide-whey protein isolate gels. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.106699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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40
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Applications of mixed polysaccharide-protein systems in fabricating multi-structures of binary food gels—A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Abstract
The increasing size and affluence of the global population have led to a rising demand for high-protein foods such as dairy and meat. Because it will be impossible to supply sufficient protein to everyone solely with dairy and meat, we need to transition at least part of our diets toward protein foods that are more sustainable to produce. The best way to convince consumers to make this transition is to offer products that easily fit into their current habits and diets by mimicking the original foods. This review focuses on methods of creating an internal microstructure close to that of the animal-based originals. One can directly employ plant products, use intermediates such as cell factories, or grow cultured meat by using nutrients of plant origin. We discuss methods of creating high-quality alternatives to meat and dairy foods, describe their relative merits, and provide an outlook toward the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Kyriakopoulou
- Food Process Engineering Laboratory, Agrotechnology and Food Sciences Group, Wageningen University, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Julia K Keppler
- Food Process Engineering Laboratory, Agrotechnology and Food Sciences Group, Wageningen University, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Atze Jan van der Goot
- Food Process Engineering Laboratory, Agrotechnology and Food Sciences Group, Wageningen University, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Remko M Boom
- Food Process Engineering Laboratory, Agrotechnology and Food Sciences Group, Wageningen University, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands;
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Xu Y, Wang Z, Qi B, Ran A, Guo Z, Jiang L. Effect of Oxidation on Quality of Chiba Tofu Produced by Soy Isolate Protein When Subjected to Storage. Foods 2020; 9:foods9121877. [PMID: 33348648 PMCID: PMC7765800 DOI: 10.3390/foods9121877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Chiba tofu is a new type of vegetarian food prepared with soy protein isolate (SPI). According to factory feedback, the SPI stored in the factory storeroom in summer undergoes reactive oxidation, which changes the structure of SPI and further affects the quality of Chiba tofu. Consequently, the main objective of this study was to prepare Chiba tofu with SPI with different storage periods and evaluate the effect of different degrees of oxidation on structural characteristics of SPI and rheology, texture, microstructure and sensory properties of Chiba tofu. The carbonyl content and turbidity of SPI significantly increased, and the contents of free sulfhydryl (SH) and disulfide bond (S-S) simultaneously decreased with storage time. The oxidation changes the SPI conformation, leading to a transition of α-helix and β-turn to β-sheet and random coil during the storage periods. In the SDS–PAGE analysis, oxidation promoted the SPI molecules crosslinked and aggregated, which affected the quality of Chiba tofu. In short storage periods (0–12 days), SPI was relatively moderately oxidized when the carbonyl content was between 4.14 and 6.87 mmol/g. The storage and loss modulus of Chiba tofu both increased, the network was compact, and the hardness and springiness of Chiba tofu showed an increasing trend. Moreover, in longer storage periods (12–30 days), the SPI was relatively severely oxidized when the carbonyl content was between 7.24 and 9.14 mmol/g, which had an adverse effect on Chiba tofu rheological and texture properties, microstructure, and sensory properties. In sensory evaluation, Chiba tofu stored 12 days had the highest overall quality score than that stored on other days. This study is expected to provide an argument for the better industrial production of Chiba tofu.
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