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Da Cruz BO, Almeida PP, Silva-Costa N, Brito ML, Degani VAN, da Silva EM, Magliano DC, Mebarek S, Brizuela L, Cardozo LFMF, Stockler-Pinto MB. Brazil nut-enriched diet modulates bone mineral density and body composition in an experimental model of chronic kidney disease. Nutrition 2024; 125:112482. [PMID: 39024685 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigates the effects of a Brazil nut-enriched diet on body composition and bone parameters in CKD animal model. METHODS Male Wistar rats were assigned to the following groups: Sham (n=8), Nx (n=6), nephrectomized rats, and NxBN (n=6), nephrectomized rats and an enricheddiet with 5% Brazil nut. Body composition parameters were obtained by dual-energy X- ray absorptiometry (DXA). Bioclin kits determined plasmatic calcium. The femurs werecollected to determine absolute mass and length, bone mineral density, and biomechanical tests. RESULTS The NxBN group exhibited a higher total body bone mineral density (BMD) value than the Nx group (0.177±0.004g/cm2vs 0,169±0.003g/cm2; p=0.0397). No significant differences were observed regarding absolute mass, length, BMD, and biomechanical parameters in the femurs of the groups. Moreover, no significant differences were found in plasmatic calcium levels among the groups. CONCLUSIONS Brazil-nut enriched diet modulated BMD in CKD experimental model, and further studies are demanded to understand the pathways involved in this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Oliveira Da Cruz
- Cardiovascular Sciences Post Graduate Program, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói-RJ, Brazil.
| | | | - Nathalia Silva-Costa
- Cardiovascular Sciences Post Graduate Program, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói-RJ, Brazil
| | - Michele Lima Brito
- Pathology Post Graduate Program, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói- RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Moreira da Silva
- Analytical Laboratory of Restorative Biomaterials, Dental School, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói-RJ, Brazil
| | - D'Angelo Carlo Magliano
- Pathology Post Graduate Program, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói- RJ, Brazil; Research Center on Morphology and Metabolism, Department of Morphology, Biomedical Institute, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói-RJ, Brazil
| | - Saida Mebarek
- Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Leyre Brizuela
- Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Ludmila F M F Cardozo
- Cardiovascular Sciences Post Graduate Program, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói-RJ, Brazil
| | - Milena Barcza Stockler-Pinto
- Cardiovascular Sciences Post Graduate Program, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói-RJ, Brazil; Pathology Post Graduate Program, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói- RJ, Brazil; Nutrition Sciences Post Graduate Program, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói-RJ, Brazil
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Menezes AC, Brito ML, Almeida PP, Da Cruz BO, da Silva Costa N, D'Avila Pereira A, Castañon C, Nunes Degani VA, Medeiros de França Cardozo LF, Magliano DC, Stockler-Pinto MB. Brazil nuts potential: effects on lipid peroxidation and heart health in nephrectomized rats. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2024; 0:jcim-2024-0123. [PMID: 39146527 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2024-0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of a Brazil nut-enriched diet on the wall thickness and the left ventricular chamber diameter of the heart, and lipid peroxidation in a CKD-induced model. METHODS Male Wistar rats at 12 weeks of age were divided into two groups (n=16/group): the Nx group, which underwent 5/6 nephrectomy, and the Sham group, as a control. After 5 weeks, the groups were subdivided according to diet (n=8/group): the Nx and Sham groups received a control diet; the Nx5% and Sham5% groups received a diet enriched with 5 % Brazil nuts for 8 weeks. The left ventricular thickening and chamber diameter were determined. Plasma biochemical parameters were evaluated. Analysis of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and antioxidant enzyme activity was performed in the plasma and the left ventricle (LV). LV mRNA expression of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) was evaluated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS The Nx5% group showed a remodeled LV wall with decreased thickness compared to the Nx group (p=0.016). Furthermore, LV TBARS concentration was reduced in the Nx5% group (p=0.0064). In addition, the Nx5% group showed an increase in plasma GPx activity (p=0.0431). No significant results were found concerning the LV mRNA expression of NF-κB and Nrf2 genes. CONCLUSIONS A Brazil nut-enriched diet decreased LV thickness and LV TBARS concentration and increased GPx activity in a 5/6 nephrectomy experimental model, making it a promising adjuvant therapy to improve antioxidant status and cardiovascular outcomes in chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agatha Cristie Menezes
- Cardiovascular Sciences Post Graduate Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Michele Lima Brito
- Pathology Post Graduate Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Beatriz Oliveira Da Cruz
- Cardiovascular Sciences Post Graduate Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Nathalia da Silva Costa
- Cardiovascular Sciences Post Graduate Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Cecilia Castañon
- Clinic and Animal Reproduction Post Graduate Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | - D'Angelo Carlo Magliano
- Pathology Post Graduate Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
- Morphology Department, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Milena Barcza Stockler-Pinto
- Cardiovascular Sciences Post Graduate Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
- Pathology Post Graduate Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
- Nutrition Sciences Post Graduate Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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da Silva ARA, Santelli RE, Braz BF, Silva MMN, Melo L, Lemes AC, Ribeiro BD. A Comparative Study of Dairy and Non-Dairy Milk Types: Development and Characterization of Customized Plant-Based Milk Options. Foods 2024; 13:2169. [PMID: 39063253 PMCID: PMC11276104 DOI: 10.3390/foods13142169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant-based milk has gained considerable attention; however, its high nutritional variation highlights the need for improved formulation designs to enhance its quality. This study aimed to nutritionally compare cow milk with plant-based milk produced from hazelnuts (H), Brazil nuts (BN), cashew nuts (CN), soybeans (S), and sunflower seeds (SS), and to perform physicochemical and technological characterization. The plant-based milk produced with isolated grains showed a nutritional composition inferior to that of cow milk in almost all evaluated parameters, protein content (up to 1.1 g 100 g-1), lipids (up to 2.7 g 100 g-1), color parameters, minerals, and especially calcium (up to 62.4 mg L-1), which were originally high in cow milk (up to 1030 mg L-1). However, the plant-based milk designed using a blend composition was able to promote nutritional enhancement in terms of minerals, especially iron (Fe) and magnesium (Mg), high-quality lipids (up to 3.6 g 100 g-1), and carbohydrates (3.4 g 100 g-1 using CN, BN, and S). The protein content was 1.3% compared to 5.7 in cow milk, and the caloric value of plant-based milk remained 32.8 at 52.1 kcal, similar to cow milk. Satisfactory aspects were observed regarding the shelf life, especially related to microbiological stability during the 11 d of storage at 4 °C. For the designed plant-based milk to be equivalent to cow milk, further exploration for optimizing the blends used to achieve better combinations is required. Furthermore, analyzing possible fortification and preservation methods to increase shelf life and meet the nutritional and sensory needs of the public would be interesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Rolim Alves da Silva
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Bloco A—Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21044-020, RJ, Brazil; (A.R.A.d.S.); (R.E.S.); (B.F.B.); (M.M.N.S.)
| | - Ricardo Erthal Santelli
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Bloco A—Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21044-020, RJ, Brazil; (A.R.A.d.S.); (R.E.S.); (B.F.B.); (M.M.N.S.)
| | - Bernardo Ferreira Braz
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Bloco A—Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21044-020, RJ, Brazil; (A.R.A.d.S.); (R.E.S.); (B.F.B.); (M.M.N.S.)
| | - Marselle Marmo Nascimento Silva
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Bloco A—Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21044-020, RJ, Brazil; (A.R.A.d.S.); (R.E.S.); (B.F.B.); (M.M.N.S.)
| | - Lauro Melo
- Escola de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Bloco E—Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21044-020, RJ, Brazil; (L.M.); (A.C.L.)
| | - Ailton Cesar Lemes
- Escola de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Bloco E—Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21044-020, RJ, Brazil; (L.M.); (A.C.L.)
| | - Bernardo Dias Ribeiro
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Bloco A—Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21044-020, RJ, Brazil; (A.R.A.d.S.); (R.E.S.); (B.F.B.); (M.M.N.S.)
- Escola de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Bloco E—Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21044-020, RJ, Brazil; (L.M.); (A.C.L.)
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Li Y, Liu L, Yang Z, Xu J. Interaction effect between blood selenium levels and stroke history on all-cause mortality: a retrospective cohort study of NHANES. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1404570. [PMID: 39036636 PMCID: PMC11257915 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1404570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim The study aimed to investigate the interaction effect between blood selenium levels and stroke history on all-cause mortality. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, participant data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2018. The covariates were screened via the backward selection method in weighted univariate and multivariate Cox regression models. Weighted univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were conducted to investigate the association of blood selenium and stroke history with all-cause mortality. The results were expressed as hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The synergy index (SI) was used to assess the assistive interaction. The association was further explored in different gender groups. Results Totally, 8,989 participants were included, of whom 861 (9.57%) died. Participants with blood selenium ≥192.96 ug/L were associated with lower odds of all-cause mortality (HR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.58-0.84), whereas those with a stroke history were associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.15-2.16). Compared to participants with blood selenium ≥192.96 ug/L and non-stroke history, participants with both blood selenium < 192.96 ug/L and stroke history had a higher all-cause mortality risk (HR = 2.31, 95% CI: 1.62-3.29; SI = 0.713, 95% CI: 0.533-0.952). All participants with blood selenium < 192.96 ug/L and stroke history were related to higher all-cause mortality risk (HR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.21-2.13). In males, the interaction effect of blood selenium and stroke history on all-cause mortality (HR = 2.27, 95% CI: 1.50-3.46; SI = 0.651, 95% CI: 0.430-0.986) increased twice. Conclusion Blood selenium and stroke history have an interaction effect on all-cause mortality. Increasing selenium-rich food or supplement intake, especially for individuals with a stroke history, may improve poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jimin Xu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Boai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Zhang Z, Gao L, Tao L, Wu T, Suo J, Hu Y, Yu W, Wu J, Song L. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Metabolites and Transcriptome Profiling Reveal Molecular Mechanisms and Differences in Terpene Biosynthesis in Two Torrya grandis Cultivars during Postharvest Ripening. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5581. [PMID: 38891770 PMCID: PMC11171539 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Terpene aroma compounds are key quality attributes of postharvest Torreya grandis nuts, contributing to their commercial value. However, terpene biosynthesis and regulatory networks in different T. grandis cvs. are still poorly understood. Here, chief cvs. 'Xi Fei' and 'Xiangya Fei' were investigated for their differences in terpene biosynthesis and gene expression levels during postharvest ripening using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and transcriptomic datasets. A total of 28 and 22 aroma compounds were identified in 'Xi Fei' and 'Xiangya Fei', respectively. Interestingly, differences in aroma composition between the two cvs. were mostly attributed to D-limonene and α-pinene levels as key determinants in Torreya nuts' flavor. Further, transcriptome profiling, correlation analysis, and RT-qPCR annotated two novel genes, TgTPS1 in 'Xi Fei' and TgTPS2 in 'Xiangya Fei', involved in terpene biosynthesis. In addition, six transcription factors (TFs) with comparable expression patterns to TgTPS1 and four TFs to TgTPS2 were identified via correlation analysis of a volatile and transcriptome dataset to be involved in terpene biosynthesis. Our study provides novel insight into terpene biosynthesis and its regulation at the molecular level in T. grandis nut and presents a valuable reference for metabolic engineering and aroma improvement in this less explored nut.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jiasheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Z.Z.); (L.G.); (L.T.); (T.W.); (J.S.); (Y.H.); (W.Y.)
| | - Lili Song
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Z.Z.); (L.G.); (L.T.); (T.W.); (J.S.); (Y.H.); (W.Y.)
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Alvarado-López DA, Parralejo-Sanz S, Lobo MG, Cano MP. A Healthy Brazil Nut Beverage with Opuntia stricta var. dillenii Green Extract: Beverage Stability and Changes in Bioactives and Antioxidant Activity during Cold Storage. Foods 2024; 13:1237. [PMID: 38672912 PMCID: PMC11049168 DOI: 10.3390/foods13081237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant-based beverages are one of the foods that currently arouse a lot of interest in the population due to their composition with compounds beneficial to health in addition to their being used as milk substitutes for people who suffer from food disorders. Also, their fortification with different nutrients or healthy ingredients with the aim of improving plant-based health potential is actually gaining importance in the food industry. For this reason, the aim of the present investigation was the preparation of a healthy Brazil nut beverage enriched with Opuntia stricta var. dillenii pulp green extracts (ODPs), in order to produce a healthy plant-based beverage with improved nutritional characteristics. The microstructural characterization of the Brazil nut beverage, its stability during cold storage for up to 24 days at 5 °C, the composition of bioactive compounds provided via ODP extract (betalains and phenolic compounds), and their antioxidant activity were evaluated in this study. Green ODP extracts (0.5 and 1 g/100 g beverage) were added to a standardized Brazil nut beverage (reduced fat beverage). The characterization of the bioactive composition (betalains and phenolic compounds) of the elaborated beverage was achieved via HPLC (UV-vis and MS-QT of detection), and the antioxidant activity measurements via ORAC were also carried out. Optical microscopy, particle size, and Z potential analysis was conducted to characterize the structure of the Brazil nut beverages as food emulsions in which ODP extract was added. Most of the bioactive compounds from the green ODP extract added to the beverages showed good retention and remained stable throughout the 24 days of storage at 7 °C, with encapsulation efficiencies ranging from 98.34% to 92.35% for betalains and from 93.67% and 81.20% for phenolic compounds. According to the results of this study, Brazil nut beverage seems to be a healthy and efficient food emulsion system to encapsulate ODP extract rich in betalains and phenolic compounds, with high antioxidant activity, making possible the development of a Brazil nut beverage with improved health potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A. Alvarado-López
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Food Functionality, Biotechnology and Food Microbiology Department, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (D.A.A.-L.)
| | - Sara Parralejo-Sanz
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Food Functionality, Biotechnology and Food Microbiology Department, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (D.A.A.-L.)
| | - M. Gloria Lobo
- Department of Crop Production in Tropical and Subtropical Areas, Instituto Canario de Investigaciones Agrarias (ICIA), 38297 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain;
| | - M. Pilar Cano
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Food Functionality, Biotechnology and Food Microbiology Department, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (D.A.A.-L.)
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Ayaz A, Zaman W, Radák Z, Gu Y. Harmony in Motion: Unraveling the Nexus of Sports, Plant-Based Nutrition, and Antioxidants for Peak Performance. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:437. [PMID: 38671884 PMCID: PMC11047508 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The intricate interplay between plant-based nutrition, antioxidants, and their impact on athletic performance forms the cornerstone of this comprehensive review. Emphasizing the pivotal importance of dietary choices in the realm of sports, this paper sets the stage for an in-depth exploration of how stress and physical performance are interconnected through the lens of nutrition. The increasing interest among athletes in plant-based diets presents an opportunity with benefits for health, performance, and recovery. It is essential to investigate the connection between sports, plants, and antioxidants. Highlighting the impact of nutrition on recovery and well-being, this review emphasizes how antioxidants can help mitigate oxidative stress. Furthermore, it discusses the growing popularity of plant-based diets among athletes. It elaborates on the importance of antioxidants in combating radicals addressing stress levels while promoting cellular health. By identifying rich foods, it emphasizes the role of a balanced diet in ensuring sufficient intake of these beneficial compounds. Examining stress within the context of sports activities, this review provides insights into its mechanisms and its impact on athletic performance as well as recovery processes. This study explores the impact of plant-based diets on athletes including their types, potential advantages and challenges. It also addresses the drawbacks of relying on plant-based diets, concerns related to antioxidant supplementation and identifies areas where further research is needed. Furthermore, the review suggests directions for research and potential innovations in sports nutrition. Ultimately it brings together the aspects of sports, plant-based nutrition, and antioxidants to provide a perspective for athletes, researchers and practitioners. By consolidating existing knowledge, it offers insights that can pave the way for advancements in the ever-evolving field of sports nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Ayaz
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;
| | - Wajid Zaman
- Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea;
| | - Zsolt Radák
- Research Institute of Sport Science, University of Physical Education, 1123 Budapest, Hungary;
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa 359-1192, Japan
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;
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Macan TP, Magenis ML, Damiani AP, Monteiro IDO, Silveira GDB, Zaccaron RP, Silveira PCL, Teixeira JPF, Gajski G, Andrade VMD. Brazil nut consumption reduces DNA damage in overweight type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2024; 895:503739. [PMID: 38575248 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2024.503739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a metabolic disease, which occurs largely due to unhealthy lifestyle. As oxidative stress is believed to promote T2D, by inducing damage to lipids, proteins, and DNA, appropriate dietary interventions seem critical to prevent, manage, and even reverse this condition. Brazil nuts (Bertholletia excelsa, H.B.K.) are nature's richest source of selenium, a mineral that has shown several health benefits. Therefore, this study aims to assess the effects of selenium consumption, through Brazil nuts, on biochemical and oxidative stress parameters, and genomic instability in T2D patients. We recruited 133 patients with T2D, registered in the Integrated Clinics of the University of Southern Santa Catarina (Brazil). Participants consumed one Brazil nut a day for six months. Blood samples and exfoliated buccal cells were collected at the beginning and the end of the intervention. The glycemic profile, lipid profile, renal profile and hepatic profile, DNA damage and selenium content were evaluated. A total of 74 participants completed the intervention. Brazil nut consumption increased selenium and GSH levels, GPx, and CAT activity while DCF and nitrites levels decreased. Total thiols increased, and protein carbonyl and MDA levels decreased. Levels of baseline and oxidative DNA damage in T2D patients were significantly decreased, as well as the frequency of micronuclei and nuclear buds. The fasting glucose levels, HDL and LDL cholesterol, and GGT levels that increased significantly in patients with type 2 diabetes were significantly reduced with nut consumption. Our results show an increase in antioxidant activity, along with reductions of protein and lipid oxidation as well as DNA damage, suggesting that Brazil nut consumption could be an ally in reducing oxidative stress and modulating the genomic instability in T2D patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamires Pavei Macan
- Laboratory of Translational Biomedicine, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Environmental Health Department, Portuguese National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marina Lummertz Magenis
- Laboratory of Translational Biomedicine, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Adriani Paganini Damiani
- Laboratory of Translational Biomedicine, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Isadora de Oliveira Monteiro
- Laboratory of Translational Biomedicine, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Gustavo De Bem Silveira
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopathology, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Rubya Pereira Zaccaron
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopathology, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cesar Lock Silveira
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopathology, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Goran Gajski
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vanessa Moraes de Andrade
- Laboratory of Translational Biomedicine, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
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Kelly Souza Silveira B, Mayumi Usuda Prado Rocha D, Stampini Duarte Martino H, Grancieri M, Juste Contin Gomes M, Cuquetto Mantovani H, Bressan J, Hermana Miranda Hermsdorff H. Daily Cashew and Brazil Nut Consumption Modifies Intestinal Health in Overweight Women on Energy-Restricted Intervention: A Randomized Controlled Trial (Brazilian Nuts Study). J Nutr 2024; 154:962-977. [PMID: 38246355 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased intestinal permeability and dysbiosis are related to obesity. Nuts can provide nutrients and bioactive compounds that modulate gut microbiota and inflammation, enhancing the beneficial effects of weight loss. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of consuming cashew nuts (Anacardium occidentale L.) and Brazil nuts (Bertholletia excelsa H.B.K) on intestinal permeability and microbiota, fecal SCFAs and pH, inflammation, and weight loss in energy restriction condition. METHODS In this 8-week randomized controlled trial, 40 women with overweight or obesity were assigned to energy-restricted groups (-500 kcal/d): control group (free of nuts) or Brazilian nuts group (BN: 30 g of cashew nuts and 15 g of Brazil nuts per day). Permeability was analyzed by the lactulose/mannitol test and the microbiota by sequencing the 16S gene in the V3-V4 regions. Plasma concentrations of inflammatory cytokines (TNF, IL-6, IL-10, IL-8, IL-17A) and C-reactive protein were analyzed. RESULTS In total, 25 women completed the intervention. Both groups lost weight without statistical differences. Lactulose excretion increased only in the control group (P < 0.05). The BN consumption increased fecal propionic acid and potentially beneficial bacteria, such as Ruminococcus, Roseburia, strains NK4A214 and UCG-002 from the Ruminococcaceae family, but also Lachnospiraceae family, Bacteroides, and Lachnoclostridium, when compared to the control group. Changes in intestinal permeability were correlated to a greater reduction in body fat (kg), and IL-8, and increases in Ruminococcus abundance. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate a positive impact of BN consumption within an energy-restricted context, linked to the augmentation of potentially beneficial bacteria and pathways associated with body fat reduction. Besides, BN consumption mitigated increased intestinal permeability, although its capacity to diminish permeability or enhance weight loss proved limited. This trial was registered at the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials as ReBEC (ID: RBR-3ntxrm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Kelly Souza Silveira
- Laboratory of Energy Metabolism and Body Composition, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Daniela Mayumi Usuda Prado Rocha
- Laboratory of Energy Metabolism and Body Composition, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana Grancieri
- Experimental Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Mariana Juste Contin Gomes
- Experimental Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Hilário Cuquetto Mantovani
- Anaerobic Microbioloy Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Josefina Bressan
- Laboratory of Energy Metabolism and Body Composition, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Helen Hermana Miranda Hermsdorff
- Laboratory of Energy Metabolism and Body Composition, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil.
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10
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Fadnes LT, Balakrishna R. Nuts and seeds - a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023. Food Nutr Res 2024; 68:10483. [PMID: 38370112 PMCID: PMC10870978 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v68.10483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Nuts and seeds have been part of diets in most of the world for millenniums, and they have also been consumed in the Nordic and Baltic countries for centuries. Consumption of nuts and seeds is linked with various health outcomes. Therefore, when updating the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations (NNR), summarizing the best evidence on key health outcomes from the consumption of nuts and seeds is essential. Objectives This study aims to evaluate the updated evidence on the consumption of nuts and seeds and health outcomes regarded relevant for the Nordic and Baltic countries, as well as their dose-response relationship presented in updated systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Method The scoping review is built on a de novo systematic review and an umbrella review published in 2022 on the consumption of nuts and seeds and its various health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Results Intake of nuts and seeds is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular diseases, with evidence assessed as probable. This conclusion is mirrored by evidence from trials on biomarkers for chronic diseases. An intake of a serving of nuts of 28-30 g/day compared to not eating nuts is estimated to translate into approximately 20% relative reduction in the risks of cardiovascular disease and premature deaths. For cancers, consumption of a serving of nuts is inversely associated with cancer mortality. However, for type 2 diabetes, there are mixed and inconclusive results. Additionally, there are inverse associations between nut consumption and respiratory and infectious disease mortality. Allergies for nuts are seen among 1-2% of the population. Conclusion Overall, the current evidence supports dietary recommendations to increase nut consumption to a serving of nuts and seeds per day for people without allergies to these foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars T. Fadnes
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Bergen Addiction Research, Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Rajiv Balakrishna
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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11
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Almeida PP, Da Cruz BO, Thomasi B, Menezes ÁC, Brito ML, Costa NDS, Ito RVA, Degani VAN, Daleprane JB, Magliano DC, Tavares-Gomes AL, Stockler-Pinto MB. Brazil Nut-Enriched Diet Modulates Enteric Glial Cells and Gut Microbiota in an Experimental Model of Chronic Kidney Disease. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN NUTRITION ASSOCIATION 2024; 43:201-212. [PMID: 37611162 DOI: 10.1080/27697061.2023.2247057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) promotes gut dysbiosis, and enteric glial reactivity, a feature of intestinal inflammation. Brazil nut modulated enteric glial profile in healthy animals and could modulate these cells in 5/6 nephrectomized rats.Methods: A 5/6 nephrectomy-induced CKD and Sham-operated rats were divided as follows: CKD and Sham received a standard diet and CKD-BN and Sham-BN received a 5% Brazil nut enriched-diet. The protein content of glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), enteric glial marker, and GPx protein content and activity were assessed in the colon. The major phyla of gut microbiota were assessed.Results: CKD-BN group presented a decrease in GFAP content (p = 0.0001). The CKD-BN group modulated the abundance of Firmicutes, increasing its proportion compared to the CKD group. The CKD-BN group showed increased GPx activity in the colon (p = 0.0192), despite no significant difference in protein content.Conclusion: Brazil nut-enriched diet consumption decreased enteric glial reactivity and modulated gut microbiota in the CKD experimental model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Pereira Almeida
- Cardiovascular Sciences Post Graduate Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Oliveira Da Cruz
- Cardiovascular Sciences Post Graduate Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Thomasi
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University (MSU), East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Ágatha Cristie Menezes
- Cardiovascular Sciences Post Graduate Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Michele Lima Brito
- Pathology Post Graduate Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nathalia da Silva Costa
- Cardiovascular Sciences Post Graduate Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Viviane Alexandre Nunes Degani
- Clinic and Animal Reproduction Post Graduate Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Julio Beltrame Daleprane
- Laboratory for Studies of Interactions Between Nutrition and Genetics, LEING, Department of Basic and Experimental Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - D'Angelo Carlo Magliano
- Pathology Post Graduate Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia Tavares-Gomes
- Neurosciences Post Graduate Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Milena Barcza Stockler-Pinto
- Cardiovascular Sciences Post Graduate Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Pathology Post Graduate Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Nutrition Sciences Post Graduate Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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12
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Cardoso BR, Fratezzi I, Kellow NJ. Nut Consumption and Fertility: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Adv Nutr 2024; 15:100153. [PMID: 37977328 PMCID: PMC10704322 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.100153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The high concentration of omega-3 polyunsaturated fats, dietary fibers, vitamins, minerals, and polyphenols found in nuts suggest their regular consumption may be a simple strategy for improving reproductive health. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to present up-to-date evidence regarding the association between nut intake and fertility outcomes in males and females. Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and Scopus were searched from inception to 30 June 2023. Eligible articles were interventional or observational studies in human subjects of reproductive age (18-49 y) that assessed the effects (or association) of dietary nut consumption (for a minimum of 3 mo) on fertility-related outcomes. Random-effects meta-analyses were completed to produce a pooled effect estimate of nut consumption on sperm total motility, vitality, morphology, and concentration in healthy males. Four studies involving 875 participants (646 males, 229 females) were included in this review. Meta-analysis of 2 RCTs involving 223 healthy males indicated consumption of ≥ 60g nuts/d increased sperm motility, vitality, and morphology in comparison to controls but had no effect on sperm concentration. Nonrandomized studies reported no association between dietary nut intake and conventional sperm parameters in males, embryo implantation, clinical pregnancy or live birth in males and females undergoing ART. Our meta-analysis shows that including at least 2 servings of nuts daily as part of a Western-style diet in healthy males improves sperm parameters, which are predictors of male fertility. Due to their nutritional profile, nuts were found to have potential to promote successful reproductive outcomes. This trial was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42020204586).
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara R Cardoso
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Victoria, Australia; Victorian Heart Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Izabella Fratezzi
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicole J Kellow
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
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13
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Moskwa J, Naliwajko SK, Puścion-Jakubik A, Soroczyńska J, Socha K, Koch W, Markiewicz-Żukowska R. In Vitro Assessment of the Bioaccessibility of Zn, Ca, Mg, and Se from Various Types of Nuts. Foods 2023; 12:4453. [PMID: 38137257 PMCID: PMC10742998 DOI: 10.3390/foods12244453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The bioaccessibility of zinc (Zn), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and selenium (Se) from various nuts (Brazil nuts, walnuts, peanuts, almonds, cashews, pecans, hazelnuts, macadamia nuts, and pistachios) was assessed using a simulated two-phase model of enzymatic digestion in vitro. The levels of Zn, Mg, and Ca were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry, and Se was measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. All tested nuts were good sources of Mg, and most, except macadamia nuts, were also good sources of Zn (the standard portion covers over 15% of NRV-R (UE) 1924/2006). Brazil nuts had the highest Se content. Almonds and Brazil nuts were rich in Ca. Se demonstrated the highest bioaccessibility from nuts (27.7% to 70.65%), whereas Ca exhibited the lowest bioaccessibility (below 9%). Pistachios had the highest Zn bioavailability, while cashews excelled in Mg bioaccessibility. Macadamia and pistachios were top for Ca bioaccessibility, and Brazil nuts for Se. Bioaccessibility is positively correlated with fat (for Zn: r = 0.23), carbohydrates (for Mg: 0.44; for Ca: 0.35), and sugar content (for Zn: r = 0.36; for Mg: 0.46; for Ca: 0.40).
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Moskwa
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (S.K.N.); (A.P.-J.); (J.S.); (K.S.); (R.M.-Ż.)
| | - Sylwia Katarzyna Naliwajko
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (S.K.N.); (A.P.-J.); (J.S.); (K.S.); (R.M.-Ż.)
| | - Anna Puścion-Jakubik
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (S.K.N.); (A.P.-J.); (J.S.); (K.S.); (R.M.-Ż.)
| | - Jolanta Soroczyńska
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (S.K.N.); (A.P.-J.); (J.S.); (K.S.); (R.M.-Ż.)
| | - Katarzyna Socha
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (S.K.N.); (A.P.-J.); (J.S.); (K.S.); (R.M.-Ż.)
| | - Wojciech Koch
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Renata Markiewicz-Żukowska
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (S.K.N.); (A.P.-J.); (J.S.); (K.S.); (R.M.-Ż.)
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14
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Palacio de Araujo C, Medeiros Simões I, Lins Monteiro Rosa T, de Mello T, Bravim Canal G, Ferreira A, Bestete de Oliveira JP, Romais Schmildt E, Lopes JC, da Silva de Souza T, Otoni WC, Pinheiro PF, Moreira Novaes FJ, Gonçalves FG, dos Santos AR, Sobreira Alexandre R. Functional Fruit Trees from the Atlantic and Amazon Forests: Selection of Potential Chestnut Trees Rich in Antioxidants, Nutrients, and Fatty Acids. Foods 2023; 12:4422. [PMID: 38137226 PMCID: PMC10743210 DOI: 10.3390/foods12244422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The Amazon rainforest and the biodiversity hotspot of the Atlantic Forest are home to fruit trees that produce functional foods, which are still underutilized. The present study aimed to select potential functional nut donor trees from two Brazilian chestnuts, by evaluating the nutritional and antioxidant composition of the nuts and the fatty acid profile of the oil. The nutritional characteristics, antioxidants, oil fatty acid profile, and X-ray densitometry of the nuts were evaluated, as well as the characterization of leaf and soil nutrients for each parent tree. The nut oil was evaluated through Brix (%), mass (g), yield (%), and the fatty acid profile. For L. pisonis, the most nutritious nuts were produced by L. pisonis tree 4 (N > P > K > Mg > Ca > Zn > Fe) and L. pisonis tree 6 (P > Ca > Mg > Mn > Zn > Cu > Fe), and for the species L. lanceolata, L. lanceolata tree 6 (N > P > Ca > Mg > Zn > Fe > Cu) and L. lanceolata tree 2 (P > K > Mg > Zn > Cu). In L. pisonis, the highest production of anthocyanins, DPPH, total phenolics, and flavonoids was obtained from the nuts of L. pisonis tree 4 as well as for L. lanceolata, from L. lanceolata tree 1, except for flavonoids. The Brix of the oil from the nuts of both species showed no difference between the trees and the fatty acid profile with a similar amount between saturated (48-65%) and unsaturated (34-57%) fatty acids. Both species have nuts rich in nutrients and antioxidant compounds and can be considered unconventional functional foods. The data collected in the present study confirm that the nuts of these species can replace other foods as a source of selenium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Palacio de Araujo
- Center of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo/UFES, Alto Universitário, s/n, Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil
| | - Ingridh Medeiros Simões
- Center of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo/UFES, Alto Universitário, s/n, Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil
| | - Thuanny Lins Monteiro Rosa
- Center of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo/UFES, Alto Universitário, s/n, Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil
| | - Tamyris de Mello
- Center of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo/UFES, Alto Universitário, s/n, Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Bravim Canal
- Center of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo/UFES, Alto Universitário, s/n, Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil
| | - Adésio Ferreira
- Center of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo/UFES, Alto Universitário, s/n, Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil
| | | | - Edilson Romais Schmildt
- North University Center of Espírito Santo, Federal University of Espírito Santo/UFES, Rodovia Governador Mário Covas, Km 60, São Mateus 29932-540, ES, Brazil
| | - José Carlos Lopes
- Center of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo/UFES, Alto Universitário, s/n, Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil
| | - Tércio da Silva de Souza
- Federal Institute of Espírito Santo, Campus Alegre, BR 482, Km 47, Rive District, Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil
| | - Wagner Campos Otoni
- Federal University of Viçosa/UFV, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fabricio Gomes Gonçalves
- Center of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo/UFES, Alto Universitário, s/n, Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Rosa dos Santos
- Center of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo/UFES, Alto Universitário, s/n, Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Sobreira Alexandre
- Center of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo/UFES, Alto Universitário, s/n, Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil
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15
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Apolinário LF, Silva AT, Rosa AP, Oliveira CDS, Lira C, Guerra JPCDS, Friedrich JF, Rosa LQ, Chelegão R, Botelho SDCC, Sinhorin VDG, de Oliveira JC, Velloso NA. Supplementation of the maternal diet with Brazil nut ( Bertholletia excelsa H.B.K.) prevents cognitive impairment in the offspring of obese mothers. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2023; 14:795-804. [PMID: 38345286 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174424000023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Maternal obesity may trigger long-term neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring. Considering the benefits of the Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa H.B.K.), a rich source of nutrients such as selenium, this study aimed to evaluate its effect on the behavior of obese rat offspring and its relationship with oxidative stress. From 60 days of age until weaning, female Wistar rats were fed a high-fat diet (mHF) or an HF diet supplemented with 5% Brazil nut (mHF/BN), while control mothers (mCTL) were fed a standard diet or a standard diet supplemented with 5% Brazil nut (mBN). Male pups received a standard diet throughout life and, at 30 and 90 days old, were subjected to behavioral tasks to evaluate anxiety and cognition. Biochemical evaluations were performed at 90 days of age. No alterations were observed in the anxiety behavior of the offspring. However, the offspring of the mHF group (oHF) exhibited impaired short-term memory at 30 and 90 days of age and impaired long-term memory at 30 days. Short-term memory impairment was prevented by Brazil nuts in young rats (30 days). While the serum selenium concentration was reduced in the oHF group, the serum catalase concentration was reduced in all groups, without changes in lipid peroxidation or protein carbonylation. Brazil nut maternal diet supplementation prevented short- and long-term cognitive impairment in the offspring, which may be related to the selenium levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Fioravanso Apolinário
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências em Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Sinop, MT, Brazil
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Apoio Didático em Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Sinop, MT, Brazil
| | - Amanda Tais Silva
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Apoio Didático em Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Sinop, MT, Brazil
| | - Andrielli Pompermayer Rosa
- Laboratórios Integrados de Pesquisas Químicas, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Sinop, MT, Brazil
| | - Cleber da Silva Oliveira
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Apoio Didático em Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Sinop, MT, Brazil
| | - Cleberson Lira
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Apoio Didático em Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Sinop, MT, Brazil
| | | | - Júlia Furtado Friedrich
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Apoio Didático em Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Sinop, MT, Brazil
| | - Letícia Queiroz Rosa
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Apoio Didático em Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Sinop, MT, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Júlio Cezar de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências em Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Sinop, MT, Brazil
- Grupo de Pesquisa Programação Perinatal de Doenças Metabólicas, conceito DOHaD, Laboratório de Doenças Metabólicas e Cardiovasculares, Núcleo de Pesquisa e Apoio Didático em Saúde, Sinop, MT, Brazil
| | - Nádia Aléssio Velloso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências em Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Sinop, MT, Brazil
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Apoio Didático em Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Sinop, MT, Brazil
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16
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Dobrzyńska M, Kaczmarek K, Przysławski J, Drzymała-Czyż S. Selenium in Infants and Preschool Children Nutrition: A Literature Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:4668. [PMID: 37960322 PMCID: PMC10648445 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se), an essential trace element, is fundamental to human health, playing an important role in the formation of thyroid hormones, DNA synthesis, the immune response, and fertility. There is a lack of comprehensive epidemiological research, particularly the serum Se concetration in healthy infants and preschool children compared to the estimated dietary Se intake. However, Se deficiencies and exceeding the UL have been observed in infants and preschool children. Despite the observed irregularities in Se intake, there is a lack of nutritional recommendations for infants and preschool children. Therefore, the main objective of this literature review was to summarize what is known to date about Se levels and the risk of deficiency related to regular consumption in infants and preschool children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sławomira Drzymała-Czyż
- Department of Bromatology, Poznan University of Medical Science, Rokietnicka 3 Street, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (M.D.); (K.K.); (J.P.)
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17
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Bonifácio DB, Caldas APS, Costa MADC, Rocha DMUP, Hermsdorff HHM, Bressan J. Acute effect of a beverage containing Brazil and cashew nuts on oxidative stress, lipemia, and blood pressure of women with cardiometabolic risk (Brazilian Nuts Study): a randomized clinical trial. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2023; 48:789-798. [PMID: 37311253 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2023-0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nuts are important sources of antioxidants that combat oxidative stress and improve lipid profile as well as vascular function. However, the intake of typical Brazilian nuts and its acute effect on cardiovascular health needs to be better understood. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the acute effect of a beverage containing cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) and Brazil nuts (Bertholletia excelsa H.B.K.) on postprandial oxidative stress, lipemia, and blood pressure of adult women aged 20 to 55 years with cardiometabolic risk. This was an acute, randomized, parallel arm, controlled clinical trial. The participants received either a beverage containing nuts (30 g Brazil nuts + 15 g cashew nuts) or a beverage without nuts with similar macronutrient composition. Oxidative stress markers and lipid profiles were evaluated at fasting and 4 h after beverage consumption. Blood pressure was measured during fasting and after beverage intake (1, 2, 3, and 4 h). In the postprandial state, there was a greater reduction in malondialdehyde levels in the intervention group compared to the control group (-12.3 ± 0.59 vs. -10.7 ± 0.43 µmol/mL; p < 0.05), which was positively correlated with the concentrations of TG (r = 0.399; p < 0.05), VLDL (r = 0.399; p < 0.05), TG/HDL (r = 0.380; p < 0.05), and blood pressure (iAUC SBP r = 0.391; p < 0.05, iAUC DBP r = 0.409; p < 0.05). The remaining oxidative stress markers showed similar postprandial changes between groups. In women with cardiometabolic risk, a beverage containing Brazilian nuts promoted a significant acute reduction on postprandial malondialdehyde levels. The study was registered in the Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry-ReBEC (protocol: RBR-3ntxrm).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Josefina Bressan
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
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18
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Nien SW, Lin IH, Wu HC, Chen YH, Yang SC. Evaluation of Dietary Intake in Individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment. Nutrients 2023; 15:3694. [PMID: 37686726 PMCID: PMC10490258 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The phase of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) holds significant importance for postponing the onset of dementia. Therefore, MCI has become a central focus in research related to dementia prevention. The purpose of this study was to investigate the dietary intake and dietary patterns of MCI patients in Taiwan. In total, 40 subjects were enrolled in this cross-sectional study that was conducted from July 2019 to September 2021 at the Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. The results of the clinical dementia rating (CDR) and mini-mental state examination (MMSE) were obtained from medical records. Participants were divided into two groups: a healthy group (MMSE ≥ 26 points, CDR = 0) and an MCI group (MMSE ≥ 26 points, CDR = 0.5). Results indicated that the MCI group had significantly higher copper and lower low-fat meat intake compared to the healthy group. Furthermore, the high MIND (Mediterranean dietary approaches to stop hypertension intervention for neurodegenerative delay) diet score represented a lower risk of MCI. After adjusting for age, gender, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and calorie intake in the multivariate regression analysis, calcium and fruit intake levels were positively associated with the MMSE, whereas low-fat meat intake was negatively associated with the CDR. In conclusion, the prevalence of MCI demonstrated a close correlation with nutrient intake, including copper and calcium. Furthermore, a MIND diet, particularly one high in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, might be useful for preventing MCI. However, more extensive research with larger populations is needed to confirm this potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Wei Nien
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (S.-W.N.); (Y.-H.C.)
- Department of Medical Nutrition Therapy, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan;
| | - I-Hsin Lin
- Department of Medical Nutrition Therapy, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan;
| | - Hsiu-Chuan Wu
- Department of Neurology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan;
| | - Yi-Hsiu Chen
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (S.-W.N.); (Y.-H.C.)
| | - Suh-Ching Yang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (S.-W.N.); (Y.-H.C.)
- Research Center of Geriatric Nutrition, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- School of Gerontology and Long-Term Care, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
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19
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Vasquez-Rojas WV, Martín D, Fornari T, Cano MP. Brazil Nut ( Bertholletia excelsa) Beverage Processed by High-Pressure Homogenization: Changes in Main Components and Antioxidant Capacity during Cold Storage. Molecules 2023; 28:4675. [PMID: 37375230 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
High-pressure homogenization (HPH) is an emerging technology for obtaining physical and microbial stability of plant-based milks, but there is little information on the effects of this technology on the phytochemical components of the processed plant food beverage and during its cold storage. The effect of three selected HPH treatments (180 MPa/25 °C, 150 MPa/55 °C, and 50 MPa/75 °C) and pasteurization (PAS) (63 °C, 20 min) on minor lipid constituents, total proteins, phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity, and essential minerals of Brazil nut beverage (BNB) were studied. Additionally, the study of the possible changes in these constituents was carried out during cold storage at 5 °C for 21 days. The fatty acid profile (dominated by oleic acid and linoleic acid), free fatty acid content, protein, and essential minerals (notable source of Se and Cu) of the processed BNB remained almost stable to treatments (HPH and PAS). Specifically, reductions in squalene (22.7 to 26.4%) and γ-γ-tocopherol (28.4 to 36%) were observed in beverages processed via both non-thermal HPH and thermal PAS, but β-sitosterol remained unchanged. Total phenolics were reduced (24 to 30%) after both treatments, a factor that influenced the observed antioxidant capacity. The studied individual phenolics in BNB were gallic acid, catechin, epicatechin, catechin gallate, and ellagic acid, being the most abundant compounds. During cold storage (5 °C) up to 21 days, changes in the content of phytochemicals, minerals, and total proteins were not noticeable for any treated beverages, and no lipolysis processes were promoted. Therefore, after the application of HPH processing, Brazil nut beverage (BNB) maintained almost unaltered levels of bioactive compounds, essential minerals, total protein, and oxidative stability, remarkable characteristics for its potential development as a functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson Valerio Vasquez-Rojas
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology of Foods, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana Martín
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tiziana Fornari
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Pilar Cano
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology of Foods, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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20
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Dobrzyńska M, Drzymała-Czyż S, Woźniak D, Drzymała S, Przysławski J. Natural Sources of Selenium as Functional Food Products for Chemoprevention. Foods 2023; 12:1247. [PMID: 36981172 PMCID: PMC10048267 DOI: 10.3390/foods12061247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, the incidence of which is increasing annually. Interest has recently grown in the anti-cancer effect of functional foods rich in selenium (Se). Although clinical studies are inconclusive and anti-cancer mechanisms of Se are not fully understood, daily doses of 100-200 µg of Se may inhibit genetic damage and the development of cancer in humans. The anti-cancer effects of this trace element are associated with high doses of Se supplements. The beneficial anti-cancer properties of Se and the difficulty in meeting the daily requirements for this micronutrient in some populations make it worth considering the use of functional foods enriched in Se. This review evaluated studies on the anti-cancer activity of the most used functional products rich in Se on the European market.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sławomira Drzymała-Czyż
- Department of Bromatology, Poznan University of Medical Science, Rokietnicka 3 Street, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
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21
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Duarte GBS, Reis BZ, Rogero MM, Barbosa F, Cercato C, Cozzolino SMF. Plasma Concentration of Essential and Toxic Trace Elements After Brazil Nut Intake: Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:1112-1117. [PMID: 35488024 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03250-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Brazil nut (BN) is a good source of essential nutrients, but little is known about the content of other components, such as toxic elements. Moreover, the high consumption of BN could probably contribute to increased levels of toxic and essential elements in the blood. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the concentration of essential and toxic trace elements in BN and their concentration in plasma of obese women after regular intake of BN. A randomized controlled clinical trial was carried out with 55 subjects that were randomly assigned to either the Brazil nut group (BN) (n = 29) or the control group (CO) (n = 26) and followed up for 2 months. The BN group consumed one unit of Brazil nut per day, and the CO group did not receive any intervention. The concentration of essential elements (zinc, copper, manganese, and cobalt) and toxic (barium, lead, and cadmium) in BN samples and plasma of obese women (before and after the intervention) were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Barium followed by copper, and manganese were the trace elements present in higher amounts in Brazil nuts. After the BN intervention period was observed an increase in plasma cadmium (p = 0.002) and a reduction of plasma manganese (p < 0.001) levels. In conclusion, our findings suggest that the regular consumption of BN from the Brazilian Amazon rainforest contributes to the intake of essential trace elements and can be considered safe regarding the content of heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziela Biude Silva Duarte
- Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Bruna Zavarize Reis
- Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Departament of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Macedo Rogero
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Food Research Center (FoRC), CEPID-FAPESP, Research Innovation and Dissemination Centers São Paulo Research Foundation, São Paulo, 05468-140, Brazil
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Cintia Cercato
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Lim 11), Clinical Hospital, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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22
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Pereira MAN, da Silva Junior EC, Dayse da Silva IL, de Carvalho BA, Ferreira E, Andrade EF, Guimarães Guilherme LR, Pereira LJ. Antitumor effect of selenium-rich Brazil nuts and selenomethionine dietary supplementation on pre-existing 4T1 mammary tumor growth in mice. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0278088. [PMID: 36634075 PMCID: PMC9836315 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient known to play an important role in the antioxidant system that can potentially influence tumor growth. We aimed to investigate the effects of dietary Se supplementation after detection of 4T1 mammary tumor growth in BALB/c mice. Thirty female mice received subcutaneous inoculation of 4T1 cells. After five days, all animals presenting palpable tumors were randomly assigned to three groups: a control group (Se-control) receiving a diet with adequate Se (0.15 mg/kg) and two other groups that received Se-supplemented diets (1.4 mg/kg of total Se) with either Brazilian nuts (Se-Nuts) or selenomethionine (SeMet). Data were assessed by either One or Two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's HSD or Bonferroni's post hoc tests, respectively. Both Se-supplemented diets reduced tumor volume from the thirteenth day of feeding compared with the Se-adequate (control) diet (p < 0.05). The SeMet group presented a higher Se blood concentration (p < 0.05) than the Se-control group, with the Se-Nuts group presenting intermediate values. Selenoprotein P gene expression in the liver was higher in the Se-Nuts group than in the Se-control group (p < 0.05), while the SeMet group presented intermediate expression. Dietary Se supplementation, starting after detection of 4T1 palpable lesions, reduced tumor volume in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bárbara Andrade de Carvalho
- Biological Sciences Institute (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Enio Ferreira
- Biological Sciences Institute (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eric Francelino Andrade
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Luciano José Pereira
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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23
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Turck D, Bohn T, Castenmiller J, de Henauw S, Hirsch‐Ernst K, Knutsen HK, Maciuk A, Mangelsdorf I, McArdle HJ, Peláez C, Pentieva K, Siani A, Thies F, Tsabouri S, Vinceti M, Aggett P, Crous Bou M, Cubadda F, Ciccolallo L, de Sesmaisons Lecarré A, Fabiani L, Titz A, Naska A. Scientific opinion on the tolerable upper intake level for selenium. EFSA J 2023; 21:e07704. [PMID: 36698500 PMCID: PMC9854220 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2023.7704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the tolerable upper intake level (UL) for selenium. Systematic reviews of the literature were conducted to identify evidence regarding excess selenium intake and clinical effects and potential biomarkers of effect, risk of chronic diseases and impaired neuropsychological development in humans. Alopecia, as an early observable feature and a well-established adverse effect of excess selenium exposure, is selected as the critical endpoint on which to base a UL for selenium. A lowest-observed-adverse-effect-level (LOAEL) of 330 μg/day is identified from a large randomised controlled trial in humans (the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT)), to which an uncertainty factor of 1.3 is applied. A UL of 255 μg/day is established for adult men and women (including pregnant and lactating women). ULs for children are derived from the UL for adults using allometric scaling (body weight0.75). Based on available intake data, adult consumers are unlikely to exceed the UL, except for regular users of food supplements containing high daily doses of selenium or regular consumers of Brazil nuts. No risk has been reported with the current levels of selenium intake in European countries from food (excluding food supplements) in toddlers and children, and selenium intake arising from the natural content of foods does not raise reasons for concern. Selenium-containing supplements in toddlers and children should be used with caution, based on individual needs.
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24
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Mayumi Usuda Prado Rocha D, Paula Silva Caldas A, Simões E Silva AC, Bressan J, Hermana Miranda Hermsdorff H. Nut-enriched energy restricted diet has potential to decrease hunger in women at cardiometabolic risk: a randomized controlled trial (Brazilian Nuts Study). Nutr Res 2023; 109:35-46. [PMID: 36577255 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Successful weight management represents a challenge to obesity control. Evidence suggests that nut consumption promotes a prolonged satiety response. Therefore, we hypothesize that nuts could be associated with greater weight loss in comparison to a control group, and we evaluate the acute and long-term effects of Brazilian nuts (BN: 15 g of Brazil nuts + 30 g of cashew nuts) included in an energy-restricted intervention on food intake, appetite, and peptide hormones. We conducted an 8-week, randomized, open-label, controlled, parallel-arm clinical trial with 28 women at cardiometabolic risk who received an energy-restricted diet containing BN or an energy-restricted nut-free diet (control). At baseline and after 8 weeks of intervention, subjective postprandial appetite ratings were assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS) before and after consumption (0, 10, 60, 120, 180, and 240 minutes) of a 437-kcal nut-enriched (BN group) or nut-free (control) breakfast meal. Subsequently, an ad libitum lunch was served, and the participants completed another VAS at 280 minutes. Plasma concentrations of ghrelin, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, glucagon-like peptide 1, and leptin were measured at fasting and postprandially at 60, 120, and 240 minutes. Last, subsequent reported 24-hour energy intake was assessed in a free-living setting. BN consumption did not have acute effects on food intake, appetite, or peptide hormones. However, after an 8-week intervention, postprandial ghrelin (difference between post- and preintervention area under the curve) decreased in the BN group in comparison to the control (mean difference, 1978 pg/mL/min, 95% CI, 27-3929 pg/mL/min; P = .047) and therefore, an energy-restricted diet containing demonstrated potential to decrease hunger in cardiometabolic risk women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Paula Silva Caldas
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Simões E Silva
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, MG, Brazil
| | - Josefina Bressan
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 36570-900, MG, Brazil
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25
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Balakrishna R, Bjørnerud T, Bemanian M, Aune D, Fadnes LT. Consumption of Nuts and Seeds and Health Outcomes Including Cardiovascular Disease, Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Cancer, and Mortality: An Umbrella Review. Adv Nutr 2022; 13:2136-2148. [PMID: 36041171 PMCID: PMC9776667 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmac077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Consumption of nuts and seeds is associated with a range of health outcomes. Summarizing the best evidence on essential health outcomes from the consumption of nuts is essential to provide optimal recommendations. Our objective is to comprehensively assess health outcome associations related to the consumption of nuts and seeds, using a culinary definition including tree nuts and peanuts (registered in PROSPERO: CRD42021258300). Health outcomes of interest include cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, obesity, respiratory disease, mortality, and their disease biomarkers. We present associations for high compared with low consumption, per serving, and dose-response relations. MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, and Epistemonikos were searched and screened for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Evidence was extracted from 89 articles on the consumption of nuts and relevant health outcomes, including 23 articles with meta-analysis on disease and mortality, 66 articles on biomarkers for disease, and 9 articles on allergy/adverse outcomes. Intake of nuts was associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases and related risk factors, with moderate quality of evidence. An intake of 28 g/d nuts compared with not eating nuts was associated with a 21% RR reduction of cardiovascular disease (including coronary heart disease incidence and mortality, atrial fibrillation, and stroke mortality), an 11% risk reduction of cancer deaths, and 22% reduction in all-cause mortality. Nut consumption was also inversely associated with mortality from respiratory diseases, infectious diseases, and diabetes; however, associations between nut consumption and diabetes incidence were mixed. Meta-analyses of trials on biomarkers for disease generally mirrored meta-analyses from observational studies on cardiovascular disease, cancers, and diabetes. Allergy and related adverse reactions to nuts were observed in 1-2% of adult populations, with substantial heterogeneity between studies. Overall, the current evidence supports dietary recommendations to consume a handful of nuts and seeds per day for people without allergies to these foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv Balakrishna
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tonje Bjørnerud
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Mitra Bemanian
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Dagfinn Aune
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Nutrition, Oslo New University College, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars T Fadnes
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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26
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Öztürk Kesebir A. Purification and Characterization of Lipoxygenase from Walnuts (Juglans Regia) and Investigation of the Effects of Some Phenolic Compounds on the Activity. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arzu Öztürk Kesebir
- Faculty of Science Department of Chemistry, Atatürk University 25240 Erzurum Turkey
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27
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Manica‐Cattani MF, Hoefel AL, Azzolin VF, Montano MAE, da Cruz Jung IE, Ribeiro EE, Azzolin VF, da Cruz IBM. Amazonian fruits with potential effects on COVID-19 by inflammaging modulation: A narrative review. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14472. [PMID: 36240164 PMCID: PMC9874877 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic had a great impact on the mortality of older adults and, chronic non- transmissible diseases (CNTDs) patients, likely previous inflammaging condition that is common in these subjects. It is possible that functional foods could attenuate viral infection conditions such as SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), the causal agent of COVID-19 pandemic. Previous evidence suggested that some fruits consumed by Amazonian Diet from Pre-Colombian times could present relevant proprieties to decrease of COVID-19 complications such as oxidative-cytokine storm. In this narrative review we identified five potential Amazonian fruits: açai berry (Euterpe oleracea), camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia), cocoa (Theobroma cacao), Brazil nuts (Bertholletia excelsa), and guaraná (Paullinia cupana). Data showed that these Amazonian fruits present antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and other immunomodulatory activities that could attenuate the impact of inflammaging states that potentially decrease the evolution of COVID-19 complications. The evidence compiled here supports the complementary experimental and clinical studies exploring these fruits as nutritional supplement during COVID-19 infection. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: These fruits, in their natural form, are often limited to their region, or exported to other places in the form of frozen pulp or powder. But there are already some companies producing food supplements in the form of capsules, in the form of oils and even functional foods enriched with these fruits. This practice is common in Brazil and tends to expand to the international market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria F. Manica‐Cattani
- Open University Foundation for the Third Age (FUnATI)ManausAmazonasBrazil,FSG University Center (FSG)Nutrition SchoolCaxias do SulRio Grande do SulBrazil
| | - Ana L. Hoefel
- FSG University Center (FSG)Nutrition SchoolCaxias do SulRio Grande do SulBrazil
| | | | | | | | - Euler E. Ribeiro
- Open University Foundation for the Third Age (FUnATI)ManausAmazonasBrazil
| | - Vitória F. Azzolin
- Open University Foundation for the Third Age (FUnATI)ManausAmazonasBrazil
| | - Ivana B. M. da Cruz
- Post‐Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Department of Physiology and PharmacologyFederal University of Santa Maria (UFSM)Santa MariaRio Grande do SulBrazil,Post‐Graduate Program in GerontologyFederal University of Santa Maria (UFSM)Santa MariaRio Grande do SulBrazil
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28
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Sayas-Barberá E, Pérez-Álvarez JA, Navarro-Rodríguez de Vera C, Fernández-López M, Viuda-Martos M, Fernández-López J. Sustainability and Gender Perspective in Food Innovation: Foods and Food Processing Coproducts as Source of Macro- and Micro-Nutrients for Woman-Fortified Foods. Foods 2022; 11:foods11223661. [PMID: 36429253 PMCID: PMC9689430 DOI: 10.3390/foods11223661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Micro- and macro-nutrient deficiencies among women are considered a global issue that the food industry has not adequately considered until recently. The industry must provide and guarantee a diversity of food products worldwide that allow women to get a correct and balanced diet according their life stage. The food industry must focus on this challenge within a framework of sustainable production, minimizing the use of natural resources and avoiding the emission of waste and pollutants throughout the life cycle of food. Food coproducts are presented as potential bioactive functional compounds which can be useful for technological purposes, due to the fact that they can serve as non-chemical, natural and health-improving food ingredients. In this review, we focus on the potential use of food processing coproducts which must be part of a strategy to promote and improve women's health and well-being. This knowledge will make it possible to select potential ingredients from coproducts to be used in the fortification of foods intended for consumption by females and to introduce sustainability and gender perspectives into food innovation. The attainment of fortifications for foods for women has to be linked to the use of sustainable sources from food coproducts in order to be economically viable and competitive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estrella Sayas-Barberá
- IPOA Research Group, Agro-Food Technology Department, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental (CIAGRO-UMH), Miguel Hernández University, Orihuela, 03312 Alicante, Spain
| | - Jose Angel Pérez-Álvarez
- IPOA Research Group, Agro-Food Technology Department, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental (CIAGRO-UMH), Miguel Hernández University, Orihuela, 03312 Alicante, Spain
| | - Casilda Navarro-Rodríguez de Vera
- IPOA Research Group, Agro-Food Technology Department, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental (CIAGRO-UMH), Miguel Hernández University, Orihuela, 03312 Alicante, Spain
| | - Manuela Fernández-López
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Ctra. Madrid-Cartagena s/n, 30120 El Palmar, Spain
| | - Manuel Viuda-Martos
- IPOA Research Group, Agro-Food Technology Department, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental (CIAGRO-UMH), Miguel Hernández University, Orihuela, 03312 Alicante, Spain
| | - Juana Fernández-López
- IPOA Research Group, Agro-Food Technology Department, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental (CIAGRO-UMH), Miguel Hernández University, Orihuela, 03312 Alicante, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-966749784
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29
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Moura MAF, Alves VS, Takahashi JA. Nutritional Quality, Techno-Functional Characteristics, and Safety of Biomass Powder and Protein Isolate Produced from Penicillium maximae. Foods 2022; 11:foods11223621. [PMID: 36429213 PMCID: PMC9689384 DOI: 10.3390/foods11223621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the suitability of Penicillium maximae biomass powder and protein isolate as a food product or food ingredient. The biomass powder is rich in proteins (34.8%) and insoluble fiber (36.2%) but poor in lipids (3.1%). Strong water hydration (8.3 g/g, 8.5 g/g) and oil holding (6.9 g/g, 16.3 g/g) capacity were observed in the biomass powder and protein isolate, respectively, besides 100% emulsion stability, indicating multiple applications in the food industry. No locomotor impairment was induced in Drosophila melanogaster flies after consuming extracts of P. maximae biomass powder. Furthermore, decreased production of reactive oxygen species and preservation of survival, viability, and fertility parameters were observed in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, which reinforces the potential of P. maximae biomass for human and animal consumption. Together, the results show the vast food applicability of P. maximae biomass and protein isolate as protein substitutes with several health and environmental benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marília A. F. Moura
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Antonio Carlos Avenue, 6627, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Viviane S. Alves
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Antonio Carlos Avenue, 6627, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline A. Takahashi
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Antonio Carlos Avenue, 6627, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Antonio Carlos Avenue, 6627, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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30
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Markiewicz-Żukowska R, Puścion-Jakubik A, Grabia M, Perkowski J, Nowakowski P, Bielecka J, Soroczyńska J, Kańgowski G, Bołtryk JM, Socha K. Nuts as a Dietary Enrichment with Selected Minerals-Content Assessment Supported by Chemometric Analysis. Foods 2022; 11:3152. [PMID: 37430901 PMCID: PMC9601893 DOI: 10.3390/foods11203152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Nuts used as a snack and meal accompaniment supply plant protein and fatty acids that are beneficial for human health; however, they can also provide minerals. The aim of this study was to determine the content of selected elements that are often deficient in the diet (calcium, potassium, magnesium, selenium, and zinc) in nuts and determine whether they can be used to supplement deficiencies in the diet. In this study, we analyzed 10 types of nuts (n = 120 samples) that are consumed and available for sale in Poland. The content of calcium, magnesium, selenium, and zinc was determined by the atomic absorption spectrometry method, and flame atomic emission spectrometry was used for determination of potassium contents. The highest median calcium content was found in almonds (2825.8 mg/kg), the highest potassium content in pistachio nuts (15,730.5 mg/kg), the highest magnesium and selenium contents in Brazil nuts (10,509.2 mg/kg and 4348.7 μg/kg, respectively), and the highest zinc content in pine nuts (72.4 mg/kg). All the tested nuts are a source of magnesium, eight types of tested nuts are a source of potassium, six nut types are a source of zinc, and four nut types are a source of selenium; however, among the tested nuts, only almonds can be considered a source of calcium. Moreover, we found that selected chemometric methods can be useful in the classification of nuts. The studied nuts are valuable products that can be used to supplement the diet with selected minerals and can therefore be labelled as functional products crucial for disease prevention.
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Kluczkovski A, Bezerra L, Januário B, Lima E, Campelo P, Machado M, Bezerra J. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Approach in Brazil Nut Oil and the Occurrence of Aflatoxins. J Oleo Sci 2022; 71:1439-1444. [PMID: 36089397 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess22067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Carcinogenic metabolites of fungi such as aflatoxins play a toxic role in some tree nuts and need to be monitored in their by-products, such as oil. In this context, Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa) oil, which is a commodity of great economic importance to Brazil, requires attention to monitor the presence of these toxic agents. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the presence of aflatoxins in Brazil nut oil and relate it to the presence of fatty acids in the oil as a surveillance tool for food safety. Brazil nut oil samples (n= 25) were acquired in northern Brazil as (a) non-branded products (n= 07) produced by local farmers using artisanal methods from nuts to be discarded by the industry and (b) industrialized products (n= 18). The samples were analyzed for total aflatoxin content by high-performance liquid chromatography and fatty acid content by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. Seven (28%) samples were positive for the aflatoxin fractions (B1 + B2 + G1 + G2), ranging from undetected (<2.32) to 50.87 μg/kg. Of the aflatoxin positive samples evaluated by NMR analysis, it was not possible to state that the presence of a particular fatty acid can interfere or influence aflatoxin contamination. This was the first study with data on aflatoxin occurrence in Brazil nut oil. Nevertheless, further research is required to relate saturated or unsaturated fatty acid content with aflatoxin levels. We also suggest the implementation of systems to prevent contamination of the raw materials (seed) and detoxification of the oil to guarantee the product's safety and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leticia Bezerra
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas
| | - Beatriz Januário
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas
| | - Emerson Lima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas
| | - Pedro Campelo
- College of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas
| | | | - Jaqueline Bezerra
- Analitic Central, Campus Manaus Centro, Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Amazonas
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Effects of Regular Brazil Nut ( Bertholletia excelsa H.B.K.) Consumption on Health: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials. Foods 2022; 11:foods11182925. [PMID: 36141050 PMCID: PMC9498495 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Brazil nut (BN) is a promising food due to its numerous health benefits, but it is still necessary to systematically review the scientific evidence on these benefits. Thus, we examined the effects of regular BN consumption on health markers in humans according to the health state (with specific diseases or not) of the subjects. PubMed, Embase®, and Scielo databases were used to search for clinical trials. The PRISMA guideline was used to report the review, and the risk of bias for all studies was assessed. Twenty-four studies were included in the present review, of which fifteen were non-randomized. BNs were consumed in the context of a habitual free-living diet in all studies. Improvement in antioxidant status through increased levels of selenium and/or glutathione peroxidase activity in plasma, serum, whole blood, and/or erythrocytes was observed in all studies that evaluated antioxidant status, regardless of the health state of the sample. In addition, healthy subjects improved lipid markers and fasting glucose. Subjects with obesity had improvement in markers of lipid metabolism. Subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus or dyslipidemia improved oxidative stress or DNA damage. Subjects undergoing hemodialysis benefited greatly from BN consumption, as they improved lipid profile markers, oxidative stress, inflammation, and thyroid function. Older adults with mild cognitive impairment improved verbal fluency and constructional praxis, and controversial results regarding the change in a marker of lipid peroxidation were observed in subjects with coronary artery disease. In conclusion, the benefits of BN consumption were found in different pathways of action and study populations.
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Koeder C, Perez-Cueto FJA. Vegan nutrition: a preliminary guide for health professionals. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:670-707. [PMID: 35959711 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2107997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Since the beginning of the 21st century, interest in vegan diets has been rapidly increasing in most countries. Misconceptions about vegan diets are widespread among the general population and health professionals. Vegan diets can be health-promoting and may offer certain important advantages compared to typical Western (and other mainstream) eating patterns. However, adequate dietary sources/supplements of nutrients of focus specific to vegan diets should be identified and communicated. Without supplements/fortified foods, severe vitamin B12 deficiency may occur. Other potential nutrients of focus are calcium, vitamin D, iodine, omega-3 fatty acids, iron, zinc, selenium, vitamin A, and protein. Ensuring adequate nutrient status is particularly important during pregnancy, lactation, infancy, and childhood. Health professionals are often expected to be able to provide advice on the topic of vegan nutrition, but a precise and practical vegan nutrition guide for health professionals is lacking. Consequently, it is important and urgent to provide such a set of dietary recommendations. It is the aim of this article to provide vegan nutrition guidelines, based on current evidence, which can easily be communicated to vegan patients/clients, with the goal of ensuring adequate nutrient status in vegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Koeder
- Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Leibniz University Hanover, Hanover, Germany
- Department of Nutrition, University of Applied Sciences Münster, Münster, Germany
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Herbal Sources of Magnesium as a Promising Multifaceted Intervention for the Management of COVID-19. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221116235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus-disease 2019 (COVID-19) was announced as a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO), and it affected all human groups. Severe COVID-19 is characterized by cytokine storms, which can lead to multiorgan failure and death, although fever and cough are the most typical symptoms of mild COVID-19. Plant-based diets provide a 73% lower risk of moderate-to-severe COVID-19. Additionally, the association between low levels of some micronutrients and the adverse clinical consequences of COVID-19 has been demonstrated. So, nutritional therapy can become part of patient care for the survival of this life-threatening disease (COVID-19) also short-term recovery. Magnesium as an essential micronutrient due to its anti-inflammatory and beneficial effects can effectively prevent COVID-19 pandemic by playing a role in the treatment of comorbidities such as diabetes and cardiovascular disorders as major risk factors for mortality. Sufficient magnesium to stay healthy is provided by a proper daily diet, and there is usually no need to take magnesium supplements. Considering that almost half of the dietary magnesium comes from fruits, vegetables, nuts, and grains, it seems necessary to pay attention to the consumption of edible plants containing sufficient magnesium as part of the diet to prevent severe COVID-19. In this study, we have described the beneficial effects of sufficient magnesium levels to control COVID-19 and the importance of plant-based magnesium-rich diets. Additionally, we have listed some edible magnesium-rich plants.
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The Content of Phenolic Compounds and Mineral Elements in Edible Nuts. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144326. [PMID: 35889199 PMCID: PMC9316459 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Edible nuts are an important component of a healthy diet, and their frequent consumption has beneficial impact on human health, including reducing the risk of cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, various factors, including cultivar, climate, soil characteristic, storage and treatment have influence on the chemical composition of nuts. Therefore, nine tree nut types and peanuts commonly available on Polish market were evaluated for phenolic profile and mineral elements content. The concentration of individual phenolic compounds, including flavonoids, aromatic acids and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) was determined by ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography, while the content of macro-elements and trace minerals was analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry. The phenolic profile of analyzed nuts substantially varied depending on the type of nut. The highest total content of all analyzed flavonoids was determined in walnuts (114.861 µg/g), while the lowest in almonds (1.717 µg/g). In turn, the highest total content of all tested aromatic acid was determined in pecans (33.743 µg/g), and the lowest in almonds (0.096 µg/g). Epicatechin and cinnamic acid were detected in the highest concentration in tested nuts. Moreover, in examined nuts (except walnuts and Brazil nuts), the presence of CAPE was confirmed. The tested nuts were also characterized by wide variation in element concentrations. Almonds contained high concentration of macro-elements (13,111.60 µg/g), while high content of trace elements was determined in pine nuts (192.79 µg/g). The obtained results indicate that the tested nuts are characterized by a significant diversity in the content of both phenolic compounds and minerals. However, all types of nuts, apart from the well-known source of fatty acids, are a rich source of various components with beneficial effect on human health.
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36
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Santos OVD, Pinaffi Langley ACDC, Mota de Lima AJ, Vale Moraes VS, Dias Soares S, Teixeira-Costa BE. Nutraceutical potential of Amazonian oilseeds in modulating the immune system against COVID-19 - A narrative review. J Funct Foods 2022; 94:105123. [PMID: 35634457 PMCID: PMC9127052 DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the outbreak of COVID-19 disease, medical and scientific communities are facing a challenge to contain its spread, develop effective treatments, and reduce its sequelae. Together with the therapeutical treatments, the use of dietary bioactive compounds represents a promising and cost-effective strategy to modulate immunological responses. Amazonian oilseeds are great sources of bioactive compounds, thus representing not only a dietary source of nutrients but also of substances with great interest for human health. This narrative review compiled the available evidence regarding the biochemical properties of some Amazonian oilseeds, especially Brazil nut, Açaí berry, Bacaba, Peach palm, Sapucaya and Tucuma fruits, on human health and its immune system. These effects were discussed from an etiological and pathophysiological perspective, emphasizing their potential role as a co-adjuvant strategy against COVID-19. Besides this, the cost associated with these strategies hinders their applicability in many nations, especially low-income countries and communities living in social insecurity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ana Júlia Mota de Lima
- Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology, Technology Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-900, Pará, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Sidonio Vale Moraes
- Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology, Technology Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-900, Pará, Brazil
| | - Stephanie Dias Soares
- Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology, Technology Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-900, Pará, Brazil
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da Silva Costa N, Almeida PP, Da Cruz BO, Brito ML, Maldonado-Campos J, Menezes AC, Figueiredo MS, Magliano DAC, Pereira AD, Stockler-Pinto MB. Supplementation of diet with Brazil nut modulates body composition, bone parameters, and lipid peroxidation in Wistar rats. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14294. [PMID: 35762459 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress, adipose tissue, and bone compartments can be disturbed in chronic diseases. Non-pharmacological strategies, such as Brazil nuts (BNs), can improve these parameters. This study evaluated the effects of BN supplementation at different concentrations on body composition, lipid profile, and peroxidation in healthy rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: control (CT), Brazil nut 5% (BN5), and Brazil nut 10% (BN10) groups. Body composition, brown adipose tissue (BAT), plasma lipid peroxidation, and lipid profile were evaluated in the three groups. The BN5 group showed an improvement in all bone parameters compared with that of the CT group (p < .0001). The BN5 and BN10 groups showed reduced plasma lipid peroxidation compared with that of the CT group (p = .0009), whereas the BN10 group presented lower BAT lipid peroxidation than that of the other groups (p = .01). High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c) levels were higher in the BN5 group than in the CT group (p = .01). Conclusively, the use of BNs in a controlled manner promoted improvement in bone parameters, HDL-c levels, and lipid peroxidation in healthy rats. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Nuts has been included in the diet because of their versatility, acceptance, and easy access. Among them, Brazil nut (BN) is considered one of the major known food sources of selenium as well as a source of fibers, unsaturated fatty acids, and phenolic compounds. Studies have shown that BN supplementation is effective in reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, lipid peroxidation, and selenium deficiency when used as a non-pharmacological strategy in experimental models of chronic diseases and in clinical trials. The present study showed that controlled administration of BN improved bone parameters, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels, and lipid peroxidation in healthy rats. Therefore, BN is a promising non-pharmacological agent for the prevention of the onset of chronic non-communicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalia da Silva Costa
- Cardiovascular Sciences Graduation Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Brazil
| | - Patricia Pereira Almeida
- Cardiovascular Sciences Graduation Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Oliveira Da Cruz
- Cardiovascular Sciences Graduation Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Brazil
| | - Michele Lima Brito
- Nutrition Graduation, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Brazil
| | | | - Agatha Cristie Menezes
- Cardiovascular Sciences Graduation Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Brazil
| | | | - D' Angelo Carlo Magliano
- Cardiovascular Sciences Graduation Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Brazil
| | | | - Milena Barcza Stockler-Pinto
- Cardiovascular Sciences Graduation Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Brazil.,Nutrition Sciences Graduation Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Brazil
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38
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Parâmetros hematológicos de crianças desnutridas após intervenção nutricional: ensaio clínico randomizado. ACTA PAUL ENFERM 2022. [DOI: 10.37689/acta-ape/2022ao0010345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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39
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Coutinho-Wolino KS, da Cruz BO, Cardozo LFMDF, Fernandes IA, Mesquita CT, Stenvinkel P, Bergman P, Mafra D, Stockler-Pinto MB. Brazil nut supplementation does not affect trimethylamine-n-oxide plasma levels in patients with coronary artery disease. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14201. [PMID: 35467017 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The purposes of this study were to assess the effect of Brazil nut supplementation on trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) levels and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Patients with CAD were randomly assigned to two groups, Brazil nut group (23 patients, 48% male, 62.7 ± 6.8 years, 29.4 ± 5.8 kg/m2 ), which received one Brazil nut per day for 3 months, and the control group (14 patients, 43% male, 63.7 ± 8.7 years, 28.4 ± 4.2 kg/m2 ) who did not receive any supplementation. After 3 months, TMAO levels and their precursors did not change in either group. Although not significant, GPx activity increased by 41% in the Brazil nut group. TMAO levels were negatively associated with total fiber intake (r = -0.385 and p = .02). A 3-month Brazil nut supplementation did not change TMAO levels and GPx activity in CAD patients. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) has been associated with oxidative stress and cardiovascular disease risk. Thus, the increase in antioxidants enzymes production could be a promising strategy to reduce TMAO-mediated oxidative stress. In this context, nutritional strategies are well-known as activators of cellular antioxidant responses. As Brazil nuts have a known role in reducing oxidative stress by increasing glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity (a selenium-dependent antioxidant enzyme), this study hypothesized that Brazil nuts could be a strategy that, via antioxidant capacity, would reduce TMAO plasma levels. Although no changes in TMAO levels and GPx activity can be observed in this study, it is believed that other results can be obtained depending on the dosage used. Thus, this study can open new paths and direct other studies with different doses and treatment times to evaluate the effects of Brazil Nuts on TMAO levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Salve Coutinho-Wolino
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Oliveira da Cruz
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Ludmila F M De F Cardozo
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Igor Alexandre Fernandes
- Postgraduate Program in Biomedical Sciences (Physiology and Pharmacology), Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Claudio Tinoco Mesquita
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Peter Stenvinkel
- Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Bergman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Denise Mafra
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Milena Barcza Stockler-Pinto
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
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Polmann G, Badia V, Danielski R, Ferreira SRS, Block JM. Nuts and Nut-Based Products: A Meta-Analysis from Intake Health Benefits and Functional Characteristics from Recovered Constituents. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2045495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Polmann
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Badia
- Department of Food Engineering and Chemical Engineering, Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), Pinhalzinho, Brazil
| | - Renan Danielski
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, Canada
| | | | - Jane Mara Block
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil
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Alcântara DB, Dionísio AP, Artur AG, Silveira BKS, Lopes AF, Guedes JAC, Luz LR, Nascimento RF, Lopes GS, Hermsdorff HHM, Zocolo GJ. Selenium in Brazil nuts: An overview of agronomical aspects, recent trends in analytical chemistry, and health outcomes. Food Chem 2022; 372:131207. [PMID: 34634585 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Se is an essential element in mammals. We review how its bioavailability in soil and the ability of plants to accumulate Se in foods depends on the soil Se profile (including levels and formats), besides to describe how the various selenoproteins have important biochemical functions in the body and directly impact human health. Owing to its favorable characteristics, the scientific community has investigated selenomethionine in most nut matrices. Among nuts, Brazil nuts have been highlighted as one of the richest sources of bioavailable Se. We summarize the most commonly used analytical methods for Se species and total Se determination in nuts. We also discuss the chemical forms of Se metabolized by mammals, human biochemistry and health outcomes from daily dietary intake of Se from Brazil nuts. These findings may facilitate the understanding of the importance of adequate dietary Se intake and enable researchers to define methods to determine Se species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel B Alcântara
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60455-760 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Ana P Dionísio
- Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Dra Sara Mesquita St., 2270, 60511-110 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Adriana G Artur
- Department of Soil Science, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60455-760 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Brenda K S Silveira
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Amanda F Lopes
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60455-760 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Jhonyson A C Guedes
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60455-760 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Lícia R Luz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60455-760 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo F Nascimento
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60455-760 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Gisele S Lopes
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60455-760 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Helen H M Hermsdorff
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Guilherme J Zocolo
- Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Dra Sara Mesquita St., 2270, 60511-110 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
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da Silva Junior EC, Duran NM, de Lima Lessa JH, Ribeiro PG, de Oliveira Wadt LH, da Silva KE, de Lima RMB, Batista KD, Guedes MC, de Oliveira RC, de Carvalho HWP, dos Reis AR, Lopes G, Guimarães Guilherme LR. Unraveling the accumulation and localization of selenium and barium in Brazil nuts using spectroanalytical techniques. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.104329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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43
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Caldas APS, Rocha DMUP, Dionísio AP, Hermsdorff HHM, Bressan J. Brazil and cashew nuts intake improve body composition and endothelial health in women at cardiometabolic risk (Brazilian Nuts Study): a randomized controlled trial. Br J Nutr 2022; 128:1-38. [PMID: 35193718 DOI: 10.1017/s000711452100475x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Several mechanisms have been proposed for the beneficial effect of nuts on health. However, Brazil and cashew nuts remain the least studied. We aim to evaluate the effect of these nuts within an energy-restricted diet on body weight, body composition, cardiometabolic markers, and endothelial function in cardiometabolic risk women. Brazilian nuts study is a randomized controlled parallel 8-week dietary intervention trial. Forty women were randomly allocated to 1) Control group: Energy-restricted diet without nuts, n= 19 or, 2) Brazil and cashew nuts group (BN-Group): Energy-restricted diet containing daily 45 g of nuts (15 g of Brazil nuts + 30g of cashew nuts), n= 21. At the beginning and final intervention, anthropometry, body composition, and blood pressure were measured. Fasting blood sampling was obtained to evaluate lipid profile, glucose homeostasis, and endothelial function markers. After 8-week, plasma selenium concentration increased in BN-group (∆ = + 31.5 ± 7.8 μg/L; p= 0.001). Brazil and cashew nuts intake reduced total body fat (-1.3 ± 0.4 %) parallel to improvement of lean mass percentage in BN-group compared to the control. Besides, the soluble adhesion molecule VCAM-1 decreased (24.03 ± 15.7 pg/mL vs. -22.2 ± 10.3 pg/mL; p= 0.019) after Brazil and cashew nuts intake compared to the control. However, lipid and glucose profile markers, apolipoproteins, and blood pressure remained unchanged after the intervention. Thus, the addition of Brazil and cashew nuts to an energy-restricted diet can be a healthy strategy to improve body composition, selenium status, and endothelial inflammation in cardiometabolic risk women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Silva Caldas
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Paula Dionísio
- Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Sara Mesquita Street, 2270, 60511-110, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Josefina Bressan
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
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Effect of Brazil Nuts on Selenium Status, Blood Lipids, and Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020403. [PMID: 35204285 PMCID: PMC8869304 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tree nuts, including Brazil nuts, have been hypothesized to impact cardiovascular health through the modulation of oxidative stress and inflammation. Nonetheless, a quantitative analysis of these effects has not been performed. Therefore, the aim of this study was to systematically revise and quantify the effect of Brazil nut intervention on selenium status, blood lipids, and biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation using a meta-analytical approach. To meet the goals of this study, a systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases of published randomised clinical trials reporting on dietary interventions with Brazil nuts and their effects on selenium status, blood lipids, and markers of oxidative stress and inflammation was performed. Eight articles were included for systematic review and meta-analysis. Based on the conducted analysis, a significant positive effect of Brazil nuts on selenium blood concentration (SMD = 6.93, 95% CI: 3.99; 9.87) was found. Additionally, a positive effect of Brazil nut intervention on glutathione peroxidase activity (SMD = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.07; 0.99) was observed. However, no significant results were found when considering blood lipid levels, including results for total cholesterol (SMD = −0.22, 95% CI: −0.57; 0.14), HDL cholesterol (SMD = −0.04, 95% CI: −0.28; 0.19) and LDL cholesterol (SMD = −0.15; 95% CI: −0.43; 0.13). In conclusion, the findings from this study suggest that Brazil nut consumption improves selenium status and exerts antioxidant effects, which could be considered a potential pathway for the prevention of metabolic disorders related to altered blood lipid profiles. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the effect of Brazil nuts toward blood lipid profile, also preferably controlling for other biomarkers.
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Mir SA, Shah MA, Mir MM, Sidiq T, Sunooj KV, Siddiqui MW, Marszałek K, Mousavi Khaneghah A. Recent developments for controlling microbial contamination of nuts. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:6710-6722. [PMID: 35170397 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2038077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the consumption of nuts has shown an increasing trend worldwide. Nuts are an essential part of several countries' economies as an excellent source of nutrients and bioactive compounds. They are contaminated by environmental factors, improper harvesting practices, inadequate packaging procedures, improper storage, and transportation. The longer storage time also leads to the greater chances of contamination from pathogenic fungi. Nuts are infected with Aspergillus species, Penicillium species, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Listeria monocytogenes. Therefore, nuts are associated with a high risk of pathogens and mycotoxins, which demand the urgency of using techniques for enhancing microbial safety and shelf-life stability. Many techniques such as ozone, cold plasma, irradiation, radiofrequency have been explored for the decontamination of nuts. These techniques have different efficiencies for reducing the contamination depending on processing parameters, type of pathogen, and conditions of food material. This review provides insight into decontamination technologies for reducing microbial contamination from nuts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabir Ahmad Mir
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Government College for Women, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Manzoor Ahamd Shah
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Government Degree College for Women, Anantnag, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Mohammad Maqbool Mir
- Division of Fruit Science, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Tahira Sidiq
- Department of Home Science, Government College for Women, Anantnag, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | | | - Mohammed Wasim Siddiqui
- Department of Food Science & Postharvest Technology, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, India
| | - Krystian Marszałek
- Department of Fruit and Vegetable Product Technology, Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of General Food Technology and Nutrition, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, College of Natural Science, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Almeida PPD, Thomasi BBDM, Costa NDS, Valdetaro L, Pereira AD, Gomes ALT, Stockler-Pinto MB. Brazil Nut ( Bertholletia excelsa H.B.K) Retards Gastric Emptying and Modulates Enteric Glial Cells in a Dose-Dependent Manner. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN NUTRITION ASSOCIATION 2022; 41:157-165. [PMID: 33301378 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2020.1852981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of food and nutrients in the regulation of enteric glial cell functions is unclear. Some foods influence enteric neurophysiology and can affect glial cell functions that include regulation of the intestinal barrier, gastric emptying, and colonic transit. Brazil nuts are the most abundant natural source of selenium, unsaturated fatty acids, fibers, and polyphenols. OBJECTIVE The study investigated the effects of a Brazil nut-enriched diet on enteric glial cells and gastrointestinal transit. METHODS Two-month-old male Wistar rats were randomized to a standard diet (control group, CG), standard diet containing 5% (wt/wt) Brazil nut (BN5), and standard diet containing 10% (wt/wt) Brazil nut (BN10) (n = 9 per group). After eight weeks, the animals underwent constipation and gastric emptying tests to assess motility. Evaluations of colonic immunofluorescence staining for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and myenteric ganglia area were performed. RESULTS The BN5 group showed increased weight gain while the BN10 group did not (p < 0.0001). The BN10 group showed higher gastric residue amounts compared to the other groups (p = 0.0008). The colon exhibited an increase in GFAP immunoreactivity in the BN5 group compared to that in the other groups (p = 0.0016), and the BN10 group presented minor immunoreactivity compared to the CG (p = 0.04). The BN10 group presented a minor ganglia area compared to the CG (p = 0.0155). CONCLUSION The Brazil nut-enriched diet modified the gastric residual, colonic GFAP immunoreactivity, and myenteric ganglia area after eight weeks in healthy male Wistar rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nathalia da Silva Costa
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luisa Valdetaro
- Postgraduate Program in Neurosciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Aline D'Avila Pereira
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia Tavares Gomes
- Postgraduate Program in Neurosciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Milena Barcza Stockler-Pinto
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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FERREIRA LDOSSANTOS, BRITO-OLIVEIRA TCARVALHO, PINHO SCDE. Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa) oil emulsions stabilized with thermally treated soy protein isolate for vitamin D3 encapsulation. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.17521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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OLIVEIRA KBD, RESENDE O, CÉLIA JA, FERREIRA JÚNIOR WN, ANDRADE ÉG. Mechanical properties of Bertholletia Excelsa H. B. K. kernels stored in different packagings. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.56122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Vasquez-Rojas WV, Martín D, Miralles B, Recio I, Fornari T, Cano MP. Composition of Brazil Nut ( Bertholletia excels HBK), Its Beverage and By-Products: A Healthy Food and Potential Source of Ingredients. Foods 2021; 10:foods10123007. [PMID: 34945560 PMCID: PMC8700994 DOI: 10.3390/foods10123007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The consumption of plant-based beverages is a growing trend and, consequently, the search for alternative plant sources, the improvement of beverage quality and the use of their by-products, acquire great interest. Thus, the purpose of this work was to characterize the composition (nutrients, phytochemicals and antioxidant activity) of the Brazil nut (BN), its whole beverage (WBM), water-soluble beverage (BM-S), and its by-products of the beverage production: cake, sediment fraction (BM-D), and fat fraction (BM-F). In this study, advanced methodologies for the analysis of the components were employed to assess HPLC-ESI-QTOF (phenolic compounds), GC (fatty acids), and MALDI-TOF/TOF (proteins and peptides). The production of WBM was based on a hot water extraction process, and the production of BM-S includes an additional centrifugation step. The BN showed an interesting nutritional quality and outstanding content of unsaturated fatty acids. The investigation found the following in the composition of the BN: phenolic compounds (mainly flavan-3-ols as Catechin (and glycosides or derivatives), Epicatechin (and glycosides or derivatives), Quercetin and Myricetin-3-O-rhamnoside, hydroxybenzoic acids as Gallic acid (and derivatives), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, ellagic acid, Vanillic acid, p-Coumaric acid and Ferulic acid, bioactive minor lipid components (β-Sitosterol, γ-Tocopherol, α-Tocopherol and squalene), and a high level of selenium. In beverages, WBM had a higher lipid content than BM-S, a factor that influenced the energy characteristics and the content of bioactive minor lipid components. The level of phenolic compounds and selenium were outstanding in both beverages. Hydrothermal processing can promote some lipolysis, with an increase in free fatty acids and monoglycerides content. In by-products, the BM-F stood out due to its bioactive minor lipid components, the BM-D showed a highlight in protein and mineral contents, and the cake retained important nutrients and phytochemicals from the BN. In general, the BN and its beverages are healthy foods, and its by-products could be used to obtain healthy ingredients with appreciable biological activities (such as antioxidant activity).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson V. Vasquez-Rojas
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology of Foods, Institute of Food Science Research, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (D.M.); (T.F.)
| | - Diana Martín
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (D.M.); (T.F.)
| | - Beatriz Miralles
- Department of Bioactivity and Food Analysis, Institute of Food Science Research, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (B.M.); (I.R.)
| | - Isidra Recio
- Department of Bioactivity and Food Analysis, Institute of Food Science Research, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (B.M.); (I.R.)
| | - Tiziana Fornari
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (D.M.); (T.F.)
| | - M. Pilar Cano
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology of Foods, Institute of Food Science Research, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-910017937
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Polmann G, Badia V, Danielski R, Ferreira SRS, Block JM. Non-conventional nuts: An overview of reported composition and bioactivity and new approaches for its consumption and valorization of co-products. FUTURE FOODS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fufo.2021.100099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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