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Zgórka G, Adamska-Szewczyk A, Baj T. Response Surface Methodology in Optimising the Extraction of Polyphenolic Antioxidants from Flower Buds of Magnolia × soulangeana Soul.-Bod. var. 'Lennei' and Their Detailed Qualitative and Quantitative Profiling. Molecules 2023; 28:6335. [PMID: 37687163 PMCID: PMC10488917 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A response surface methodology (RSM) with a central composite design (CCD) was developed to predict and apply the best ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) conditions, including the extraction time, the composition of aqueous-ethanolic extractants, and the solvent-to-plant-material ratio, for obtaining the highest yields of different types of polyphenolic components from the dried flower buds of Magnolia × soulangeana Soul.-Bod. var. 'Lennei' (MSL). The novel approach in the RSM procedure resulted from the simultaneous optimisation of UAE conditions to obtain extracts with the highest antioxidant and antiradical potential (examined as dependent variables), using appropriate spectrophotometric assays, with Folin-Ciocâlteu and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl reagents, respectively. The use of 66.8% (V/V) ethanol as the extraction solvent during the 55.2 min extraction protocol and the ratio of extractant volume to herbal substance of 46.8 mL/g gave the highest total yield of bioactive antioxidant phenolics in the extract obtained. For this herbal preparation, a qualitative and quantitative analysis was performed using combined chromatographic (LC), spectroscopic (PDA), and tandem mass spectrometric (ESI-QToF-MS/MS) techniques. A detailed phytochemical profiling, conducted for the first time, documented substantial amounts of various polyphenolic antioxidants, especially phenylethanoids and flavonoids, in the MSL flower buds. Their average total content exceeded 30.3 and 36.5 mg/g dry weight, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grażyna Zgórka
- Department of Pharmacognosy with the Medicinal Plant Garden, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | | | - Tomasz Baj
- Department of Pharmacognosy with the Medicinal Plant Garden, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
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Lee WJ, Lin KH, Wang JS, Sheu WHH, Shen CC, Yang CN, Wu SM, Shen LW, Lee SH, Lai DW, Lan KL, Tung CW, Liu SH, Sheu ML. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor deficiency augments dysregulated microangiogenesis and diabetic retinopathy. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113725. [PMID: 36152407 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a pathophysiologic vasculopathic process with obscure mechanisms and limited effective therapeutic strategies. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is an important regulator of xenobiotic metabolism and an environmental sensor. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of AhR in the development of DR and elucidate the molecular mechanism of its downregulation. DR was evaluated in diabetes-induced retinal injury in wild type and AhR knockout (AhR-/-) mice. Retinal expression of AhR was determined in human donor and mice eyes by immunofluorescence since AhR activity was examined in diabetes. AhR knockout (AhRKO) mice were used to induce diabetes with streptozotocin, high-fat diet, or genetic double knockout with diabetes spontaneous mutation (Leprdb) (DKO; AhR-/-×Leprdb/db) for investigating structural, functional, and metabolic abnormalities in vascular and epithelial retina. Structural molecular docking simulation was used to survey the pharmacologic AhR agonists targeting phosphorylated AhR (Tyr245). Compared to diabetic control mice, diabetic AhRKO mice had aggravated alterations in retinal vasculature that amplified hallmark features of DR like vasopermeability, vascular leakage, inflammation, blood-retinal barrier breakdown, capillary degeneration, and neovascularization. AhR agonists effectively inhibited inflammasome formation and promoted AhR activity in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells and pigment epithelial cells. AhR activity and protein expression was downregulated, resulting in a decrease in DNA promoter binding site of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) by gene regulation in transcriptional cascade. This was reversed by AhR agonists. Our study identified a novel of DR model that target the protective AhR/PEDF axis can potentially maintain retinal vascular homeostasis, providing opportunities to delay the development of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jane Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Keng-Hung Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan; Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Sing Wang
- Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wayne Huey-Herng Sheu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chang Shen
- Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ning Yang
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Mao Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wei Shen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hua Lee
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - De-Wei Lai
- Experimental Animal Center, Department of Molecular Biology and Cell Research, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Keng-Li Lan
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wei Tung
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Hwa Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Meei-Ling Sheu
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan; Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Honokiol Provides Cardioprotection from Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury (MI/RI) by Inhibiting Mitochondrial Apoptosis via the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway. Cardiovasc Ther 2022; 2022:1001692. [PMID: 35414825 PMCID: PMC8977331 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1001692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myocardial injury refers to a major complication that occurs in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI). Honokiol is a well-recognized active compound extracted from the traditional Chinese herb known as Magnolia officinalis and is utilized in treating different vascular diseases. This research is aimed at examining whether Honokiol might alleviate myocardial injury in an MI/RI model. Methods Seventy-eight male C57BL/6 mice were categorized randomly into three cohorts including the Sham operation (Sham) cohort, the MI/RI cohort (Con), and the Honokiol cohort (n = 26 for each cohort). The mice in the Honokiol cohort were treated with Honokiol before MI/RI surgery (0.2 mg/kg/day for 14 days, intraperitoneal), while the mice in the Con cohort were given an intraperitoneal injection with an equivalent volume of vehicle (DMSO) daily in 14 days prior to exposure to MI/RI. After the surgery, creatine kinase- (CK-) MB and cardiac troponin T (cTnT) levels, as well as the infarct area, were measured to assess the degree of myocardial damage. Apoptotic levels were detected using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining. Electron microscopy was utilized to identify mitochondrial damage. Lastly, the expression levels of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), cleaved caspase-9, cytochrome C (Cyt-C), B cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2), B cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 associated X (Bax), AKT, p-AKT, PI3K, and p-PI3K were analyzed utilizing western blotting. Results Honokiol can reduce the MI/RI-induced cTnT and CK-MB levels, apoptosis index, and mitochondrial swelling in cardiomyocytes via activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Conclusion Honokiol provides cardiac protection from MI/RI by suppressing mitochondrial apoptosis through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Li L, Chen C, Zhang C, Luo R, Lan X, Guo F, Ma L, Fu P, Wang Y. A honokiol-mediated robust coating for blood-contacting devices with anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antithrombotic properties. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:9770-9783. [PMID: 34806726 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01617b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Thrombus, bacterial infections, and severe inflammation are still serious problems that have to be faced with blood-contacting materials. However, it is a great challenge to simultaneously meet the above functional requirements in a simple, economical and efficient method. As such, we put forward a robust and versatile coating strategy by covalently modifying the multi-pharmacological drug honokiol (HK) with an amine-rich polydopamine/polyethyleneimine coating, through which anticoagulant, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties were obtained (DPHc) simultaneously. The amine content in the DPHc coating was lower than the detection limit, while it contained abundant phenolic hydroxyl groups (49 μmol cm-2). Meanwhile, the 30 day drug release test confirmed that the drug was firmly modified on the surface of the coating without release. A systematic in vitro and ex vivo evaluation confirmed that the coating had significant anti-thrombotic properties. The antibacterial rates of the DPHc coating against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli reached 99.98% and 99.99%, respectively. In addition, subcutaneous implantation indicated that the DPHc coating also has excellent histocompatibility. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study using HK as a coating material that can not only combat thrombosis and infection but also significantly inhibit inflammation associated with the use of blood-contacting materials, thus expanding the application of HK in the field of biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhua Li
- Kidney Research Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Chong Chen
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Engineering, Department of Applied Mechanics, College of Architecture & Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Chunle Zhang
- Kidney Research Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Rifang Luo
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Xiaorong Lan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Fan Guo
- Kidney Research Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Liang Ma
- Kidney Research Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Ping Fu
- Kidney Research Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Yunbing Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
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Rauf A, Olatunde A, Imran M, Alhumaydhi FA, Aljohani ASM, Khan SA, Uddin MS, Mitra S, Emran TB, Khayrullin M, Rebezov M, Kamal MA, Shariati MA. Honokiol: A review of its pharmacological potential and therapeutic insights. PHYTOMEDICINE 2021; 90:153647. [PMID: 34362632 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Honokiol is a pleiotropic compound which been isolated from Magnolia species such as Magnolia grandiflora and Magnolia dealbata. Magnolia species Magnolia grandiflora is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases. PURPOSE The objective of this review is to summarize the pharmacological potential and therapeutic insights of honokiol. STUDY DESIGN Honokiol has been specified as a novel alternative to treat various disorders such as liver cancer, neuroprotective, anti-spasmodic, antidepressant, anti-tumorigenic, antithrombotic, antimicrobial, analgesic properties and others. Therefore, this study designed to represent the in-depth therapeutic potential of honokiol. METHODS Literature searches in electronic databases, such as Web of Science, Science Direct, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus, were performed using the keywords 'Honokiol', 'Health Benefits' and 'Therapeutic Insights' as the keywords for primary searches and secondary search terms were used as follows: 'Anticancer', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Neuroprotective', 'Antimicrobial', 'Cardioprotection', 'Hepatoprotective', 'Anti-inflammatory', 'Arthritis', 'Reproductive Disorders'. RESULTS This promising bioactive compound presented an wide range of therapeutic and biological activities which include liver cancer, neuroprotective, anti-spasmodic, antidepressant, anti-tumorigenic, antithrombotic, antimicrobial, analgesic properties, and others. Its pharmacokinetics has been established in experimental animals, while in humans, this is still speculative. Some of its mechanism for exhibiting its pharmacological effects includes apoptosis of diseased cells, reduction in the expression of defective proteins like P-glycoproteins, inhibition of oxidative stress, suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-10 and IL-6), amelioration of impaired hepatic enzymes and reversal of morphological alterations, among others. CONCLUSION All these actions displayed by this novel compound could make it serve as a lead in the formulation of drugs with higher efficacy and negligible side effects utilized in the treatment of several human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Anbar, 23430, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan.
| | - Ahmed Olatunde
- Department of Biochemistry, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, 740272, Nigeria
| | - Muhammad Imran
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fahad A Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S M Aljohani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahid Ali Khan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Anbar, 23430, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan
| | - Md Sahab Uddin
- Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Saikat Mitra
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong-4381, Bangladesh
| | - Mars Khayrullin
- K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (the First Cossack University), 109004, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Maksim Rebezov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation; V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of Russian Academy of Sciences, 109029, Moscow, Russian Federation.; Ural State Agrarian University, 620075 Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- West China School of Nursing / Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Enzymoics, 7 Peterlee Place, Hebersham, NSW 2770; Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Australia
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (the First Cossack University), 109004, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Moraes RDA, Webb RC, Silva DF. Vascular Dysfunction in Diabetes and Obesity: Focus on TRP Channels. Front Physiol 2021; 12:645109. [PMID: 33716794 PMCID: PMC7952965 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.645109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) superfamily consists of a diverse group of non-selective cation channels that has a wide tissue distribution and is involved in many physiological processes including sensory perception, secretion of hormones, vasoconstriction/vasorelaxation, and cell cycle modulation. In the blood vessels, TRP channels are present in endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) and perivascular sensory nerves, and these channels have been implicated in the regulation of vascular tone, vascular cell proliferation, vascular wall permeability and angiogenesis. Additionally, dysfunction of TRP channels is associated with cardiometabolic diseases, such as diabetes and obesity. Unfortunately, the prevalence of diabetes and obesity is rising worldwide, becoming an important public health problems. These conditions have been associated, highlighting that obesity is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes. As well, both cardiometabolic diseases have been linked to a common disorder, vascular dysfunction. In this review, we briefly consider general aspects of TRP channels, and we focus the attention on TRPC (canonical or classical), TRPV (vanilloid), TRPM (melastatin), and TRPML (mucolipin), which were shown to be involved in vascular alterations of diabetes and obesity or are potentially linked to vascular dysfunction. Therefore, elucidation of the functional and molecular mechanisms underlying the role of TRP channels in vascular dysfunction in diabetes and obesity is important for the prevention of vascular complications and end-organ damage, providing a further therapeutic target in the treatment of these metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raiana Dos Anjos Moraes
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.,Postgraduate Course in Biotechnology in Health and Investigative Medicine, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Brazil
| | - R Clinton Webb
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy and Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Darízy Flávia Silva
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.,Postgraduate Course in Biotechnology in Health and Investigative Medicine, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Brazil
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Tian R, Jin Z, Zhou L, Zeng XP, Lu N. Quercetin Attenuated Myeloperoxidase-Dependent HOCl Generation and Endothelial Dysfunction in Diabetic Vasculature. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:404-413. [PMID: 33395297 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c06335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Myeloperoxidase (MPO)-dependent hypochlorous acid (HOCl) generation plays crucial roles in diabetic vascular complications. As a natural polyphenol, quercetin has antioxidant properties in various diabetic models. Herein, we investigated the therapeutic mechanism for quercetin on MPO-mediated HOCl generation and endothelial dysfunction in diabetic vasculature. In vitro, the presence of MPO could amplify high glucose-induced endothelial dysfunction which was significantly inhibited by the NADPH oxidase inhibitor, HOCl or H2O2 scavengers, revealing the contribution of MPO/H2O2/HOCl to vascular endothelial injury. Furthermore, quercetin effectively inhibited MPO/high glucose-mediated HOCl generation and cytotoxicity to vascular endothelial cells. The inhibitive effect on MPO activity was related to the fact that quercetin reduced high glucose-induced H2O2 generation in endothelial cells and directly acted as a competitive substrate for MPO, thus limiting MPO/H2O2-dependent HOCl production. Moreover, quercetin could attenuate HOCl-caused endothelial dysfunction in endothelial cells and isolated aortas. In vivo, dietary quercetin significantly inhibited aortic endothelial dysfunction in diabetic mice, while this compound simultaneously suppressed vascular MPO expression and activity. Therefore, it was demonstrated herein that quercetin inhibited endothelial injury in diabetic vasculature via suppression of MPO/high glucose-dependent HOCl formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Tian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Zeran Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Lan Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Xing-Ping Zeng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Naihao Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
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Yuan Y, Zhou X, Wang Y, Wang Y, Teng X, Wang S. Cardiovascular Modulating Effects of Magnolol and Honokiol, Two Polyphenolic Compounds from Traditional Chinese Medicine-Magnolia Officinalis. Curr Drug Targets 2020; 21:559-572. [PMID: 31749425 DOI: 10.2174/1389450120666191024175727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Honokiol and its isomer magnolol are poly-phenolic compounds isolated from the Magnolia officinalis that exert cardiovascular modulating effects via a variety of mechanisms. They are used as blood-quickening and stasis-dispelling agents in Traditional Chinese Medicine and confirmed to have therapeutic potential in atherosclerosis, thrombosis, hypertension, and cardiac hypertrophy. This comprehensive review summarizes the current data regarding the cardioprotective mechanisms of those compounds and identifies areas for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaocui Zhou
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Yan Wang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Xiangyan Teng
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Shuaiyu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Quan Y, Park W, Jin J, Kim W, Park SK, Kang KP. Sirtuin 3 Activation by Honokiol Decreases Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction-Induced Renal Inflammation and Fibrosis via Regulation of Mitochondrial Dynamics and the Renal NF-κBTGF-β1/Smad Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020402. [PMID: 31936371 PMCID: PMC7014106 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a common feature of all progressive chronic kidney diseases. Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is one of the mitochondrial sirtuins, and plays a role in the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis, oxidative stress, fatty acid metabolism, and aging. Recently, honokiol (HKL), as a pharmaceutical SIRT3 activator, has been observed to have a protective effect against pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy by increasing SIRT3 activity. In this study, we investigated whether HKL, as a SIRT3 activator, also has protective effects against unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-induced renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis through SIRT3-dependent regulation of mitochondrial dynamics and the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/Smad signaling pathway. We found that HKL decreased the UUO-induced increase in tubular injury and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition in mice. HKL also decreased myofibroblast activation and proliferation in UUO kidneys and NRK-49F cells. Finally, we showed that HKL treatment decreased UUO-induced mitochondrial fission and promoted mitochondrial fusion through SIRT3-dependent effects. In conclusion, activation of SIRT3 via HKL treatment might have beneficial effects on UUO-induced renal fibrosis through SIRT3-dependent regulation of mitochondrial dynamics and the NF-κB/TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Quan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (Y.Q.); (W.P.); (J.J.); (W.K.)
| | - Woong Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (Y.Q.); (W.P.); (J.J.); (W.K.)
| | - Jixiu Jin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (Y.Q.); (W.P.); (J.J.); (W.K.)
| | - Won Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (Y.Q.); (W.P.); (J.J.); (W.K.)
- Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea
| | - Sung Kwang Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (Y.Q.); (W.P.); (J.J.); (W.K.)
- Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.K.P.); (K.P.K.); Tel.: +82-63-250-1683 (S.K.P.); +82-63-250-2361 (K.P.K.)
| | - Kyung Pyo Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (Y.Q.); (W.P.); (J.J.); (W.K.)
- Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.K.P.); (K.P.K.); Tel.: +82-63-250-1683 (S.K.P.); +82-63-250-2361 (K.P.K.)
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10
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Avila-Carrasco L, Majano P, Sánchez-Toméro JA, Selgas R, López-Cabrera M, Aguilera A, González Mateo G. Natural Plants Compounds as Modulators of Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:715. [PMID: 31417401 PMCID: PMC6682706 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a self-regulated physiological process required for tissue repair that, in non-controled conditions may lead to fibrosis, angiogenesis, loss of normal organ function or cancer. Although several molecular pathways involved in EMT regulation have been described, this process does not have any specific treatment. This article introduces a systematic review of effective natural plant compounds and their extract that modulates the pathological EMT or its deleterious effects, through acting on different cellular signal transduction pathways both in vivo and in vitro. Thereby, cryptotanshinone, resveratrol, oxymatrine, ligustrazine, osthole, codonolactone, betanin, tannic acid, gentiopicroside, curcumin, genistein, paeoniflorin, gambogic acid and Cinnamomum cassia extracts inhibit EMT acting on transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smads signaling pathways. Gedunin, carnosol, celastrol, black rice anthocyanins, Duchesnea indica, cordycepin and Celastrus orbiculatus extract downregulate vimectin, fibronectin and N-cadherin. Sulforaphane, luteolin, celastrol, curcumin, arctigenin inhibit β-catenin signaling pathways. Salvianolic acid-A and plumbagin block oxidative stress, while honokiol, gallic acid, piperlongumine, brusatol and paeoniflorin inhibit EMT transcription factors such as SNAIL, TWIST and ZEB. Plectranthoic acid, resveratrol, genistein, baicalin, polyphyllin I, cairicoside E, luteolin, berberine, nimbolide, curcumin, withaferin-A, jatrophone, ginsenoside-Rb1, honokiol, parthenolide, phoyunnanin-E, epicatechin-3-gallate, gigantol, eupatolide, baicalin and baicalein and nitidine chloride inhibit EMT acting on other signaling pathways (SIRT1, p38 MAPK, NFAT1, SMAD, IL-6, STAT3, AQP5, notch 1, PI3K/Akt, Wnt/β-catenin, NF-κB, FAK/AKT, Hh). Despite the huge amount of preclinical data regarding EMT modulation by the natural compounds of plant, clinical translation is poor. Additionally, this review highlights some relevant examples of clinical trials using natural plant compounds to modulate EMT and its deleterious effects. Overall, this opens up new therapeutic alternatives in cancer, inflammatory and fibrosing diseases through the control of EMT process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Avila-Carrasco
- Therapeutic and Pharmacology Department, Health and Human Science Research, Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Pedro Majano
- Molecular Biology Unit, Research Institute of University Hospital La Princesa (IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Antonio Sánchez-Toméro
- Department and Nephrology, Research Institute of University Hospital La Princesa (IP), Madrid, Spain.,Renal research network REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Selgas
- Research Institute of La Paz (IdiPAZ), University Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain.,Renal research network REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel López-Cabrera
- Renal research network REDINREN, Madrid, Spain.,Molecular Biology Research Centre Severo Ochoa, Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Abelardo Aguilera
- Molecular Biology Unit, Research Institute of University Hospital La Princesa (IP), Madrid, Spain.,Renal research network REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guadalupe González Mateo
- Research Institute of La Paz (IdiPAZ), University Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain.,Renal research network REDINREN, Madrid, Spain.,Molecular Biology Research Centre Severo Ochoa, Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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11
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Kar S, Kambis TN, Mishra PK. Hydrogen sulfide-mediated regulation of cell death signaling ameliorates adverse cardiac remodeling and diabetic cardiomyopathy. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2019; 316:H1237-H1252. [PMID: 30925069 PMCID: PMC6620689 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00004.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The death of cardiomyocytes is a precursor for the cascade of hypertrophic and fibrotic remodeling that leads to cardiomyopathy. In diabetes mellitus (DM), the metabolic environment of hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and oxidative stress causes cardiomyocyte cell death, leading to diabetic cardiomyopathy (DMCM), an independent cause of heart failure. Understanding the roles of the cell death signaling pathways involved in the development of cardiomyopathies is crucial to the discovery of novel targeted therapeutics and biomarkers for DMCM. Recent evidence suggests that hydrogen sulfide (H2S), an endogenous gaseous molecule, has cardioprotective effects against cell death. However, very little is known about signaling by which H2S and its downstream targets regulate myocardial cell death in the DM heart. This review focuses on H2S in the signaling of apoptotic, autophagic, necroptotic, and pyroptotic cell death in DMCM and other cardiomyopathies, abnormalities in H2S synthesis in DM, and potential H2S-based therapeutic strategies to mitigate myocardial cell death to ameliorate DMCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Kar
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Tyler N Kambis
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Paras K Mishra
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska
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12
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You L, Fang Z, Shen G, Wang Q, He Y, Ye S, Wang L, Hu M, Lin Y, Liu M, Jiang A. Astragaloside IV prevents high glucose‑induced cell apoptosis and inflammatory reactions through inhibition of the JNK pathway in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:1603-1612. [PMID: 30628687 PMCID: PMC6390021 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is a key pathophysiological step in early stage diabetes mellitus (DM) macrovascular complications and is also crucial in the inflammatory mechanisms of macrovascular complications. However, there is currently no effective intervention to improve endothelial dysfunction associated with DM macrovascular complications. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV), which can be extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Astragalus membranaceus, has potential therapeutic effects on DM and its complications. The present study evaluated the effect of AS-IV on high glucose-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) injury and its possible mechanism. The result indicated that AS-IV has a significant protective effect on high glucose-induced HUVEC injury. AS-IV could significantly promote cell proliferation, reduce apoptosis and decrease the protein and mRNA expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β in HUVECs. Furthermore, AS-IV could decrease the expression of phosphorylated c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylated apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1, cytochrome c, cleaved-caspase-9, cleaved-caspase-3 and the relative ratio of B-cell lymphoma-2 associated X protein/B-cell lymphoma-2 in HUVECs. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that AS-IV could suppress apoptosis and inflammatory reactions promoted by high glucose conditions in HUVECs by inhibiting the JNK signaling pathway. These findings suggest that AS-IV could inhibit the process of endothelial dysfunction in diabetic macrovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangzhen You
- Graduate Institute, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Zhaohui Fang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Guoming Shen
- Graduate Institute, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Qin Wang
- Graduate Institute, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Ying He
- Graduate Institute, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - She Ye
- Graduate Institute, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Liu Wang
- Graduate Institute, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Mengjie Hu
- Graduate Institute, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Yixuan Lin
- Graduate Institute, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Mengmeng Liu
- Graduate Institute, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Aijuan Jiang
- Graduate Institute, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
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13
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Colombo S, Melo T, Martínez-López M, Carrasco MJ, Domingues MR, Pérez-Sala D, Domingues P. Phospholipidome of endothelial cells shows a different adaptation response upon oxidative, glycative and lipoxidative stress. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12365. [PMID: 30120318 PMCID: PMC6097988 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30695-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction has been widely associated with oxidative stress, glucotoxicity and lipotoxicity and underlies the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), atherosclerosis and diabetes. In such pathological conditions, lipids are emerging as mediators of signalling pathways evoking key cellular responses as expression of proinflammatory genes, proliferation and apoptosis. Hence, the assessment of lipid profiles in endothelial cells (EC) can provide valuable information on the molecular alterations underlying CVDs, atherosclerosis and diabetes. We performed a lipidomic approach based on hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS/MS) for the analysis of the phospholipidome of bovine aortic EC (BAEC) exposed to oxidative (H2O2), glycative (glucose), or lipoxidative (4-hydroxynonenal, HNE) stress. The phospholipid (PL) profile was evaluated for the classes PC, PE, PS, PG, PI, SM, LPC and CL. H2O2 induced a more acute adaptation of the PL profile than glucose or HNE. Unsaturated PL molecular species were up-regulated after 24 h incubation with H2O2, while an opposite trend was observed in glucose- and HNE-treated cells. This study compared, for the first time, the adaptation of the phospholipidome of BAEC upon different induced biochemical stresses. Although further biological studies will be necessary, our results unveil specific lipid signatures in response to characteristic types of stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Colombo
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, Department of Chemistry & QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tânia Melo
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, Department of Chemistry & QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Marta Martínez-López
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Ramiro, de Maeztu, 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Jesús Carrasco
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Ramiro, de Maeztu, 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Rosário Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, Department of Chemistry & QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Dolores Pérez-Sala
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Ramiro, de Maeztu, 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, Department of Chemistry & QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
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14
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Avtanski D, Poretsky L. Phyto-polyphenols as potential inhibitors of breast cancer metastasis. Mol Med 2018; 24:29. [PMID: 30134816 PMCID: PMC6016885 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-018-0032-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women as metastasis is currently the main cause of mortality. Breast cancer cells undergoing metastasis acquire resistance to death signals and increase of cellular motility and invasiveness.Plants are rich in polyphenolic compounds, many of them with known medicinal effects. Various phyto-polyphenols have also been demonstrated to suppress cancer growth. Their mechanism of action is usually pleiotropic as they target multiple signaling pathways regulating key cellular processes such as proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation. Importantly, some phyto- polyphenols show low level of toxicity to untransformed cells, but selective suppressing effects on cancer cells proliferation and differentiation.In this review, we summarize the current information about the mechanism of action of some phyto-polyphenols that have demonstrated anti-carcinogenic activities in vitro and in vivo. Gained knowledge of how these natural polyphenolic compounds work can give us a clue for the development of novel anti-metastatic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimiter Avtanski
- Gerald J. Friedman Diabetes Institute at Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, New York, NY, 10022, USA.
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Friedman Diabetes Institute at Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, 110 E 59th Street, Suite 8B, Room 837, New York, NY, 10022, USA.
| | - Leonid Poretsky
- Gerald J. Friedman Diabetes Institute at Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, New York, NY, 10022, USA
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15
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Honokiol Ameliorates Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Type 1 Diabetic Rats by Reducing Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis through Activating the SIRT1-Nrf2 Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:3159801. [PMID: 29675132 PMCID: PMC5838504 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3159801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Reducing oxidative stress is a crucial therapeutic strategy for ameliorating diabetic myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury. Honokiol (HKL) acts as an effective cardioprotective agent for its strong antioxidative activity. However, its roles and underlying mechanisms against MI/R injury in type 1 diabetes (T1D) remain unknown. Since SIRT1 and Nrf2 are pivotal regulators in diabetes mellitus patients suffering from MI/R injury, we hypothesized that HKL ameliorates diabetic MI/R injury via the SIRT1-Nrf2 signaling pathway. Streptozotocin-induced T1D rats and high-glucose-treated H9c2 cells were exposed to HKL, with or without administration of the SIRT1 inhibitor EX527, SIRT1 siRNA, or Nrf2 siRNA, and then subjected to I/R operation. We found that HKL markedly improved the postischemic cardiac function, decreased the infarct size, reduced the myocardial apoptosis, and diminished the reactive oxygen species generation. Intriguingly, HKL remarkably activated SIRT1 signaling, enhanced Nrf2 nuclear translocation, increased antioxidative signaling, and decreased apoptotic signaling. However, these effects were largely abolished by EX527 or SIRT1 siRNA. Additionally, our cellular experiments showed that Nrf2 siRNA blunted the cytoprotective effects of HKL, without affecting SIRT1 expression and activity. Collectively, these novel findings indicate that HKL abates MI/R injury in T1D by ameliorating myocardial oxidative damage and apoptosis via the SIRT1-Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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16
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Bonner MY, Karlsson I, Rodolfo M, Arnold RS, Vergani E, Arbiser JL. Honokiol bis-dichloroacetate (Honokiol DCA) demonstrates activity in vemurafenib-resistant melanoma in vivo. Oncotarget 2017; 7:12857-68. [PMID: 26871475 PMCID: PMC4914326 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of human melanomas bears BRAF mutations and thus is treated with inhibitors of BRAF, such as vemurafenib. While patients with BRAF mutations often demonstrate an initial dramatic response to vemurafenib, relapse is extremely common. Thus, novel agents are needed for the treatment of these aggressive melanomas. Honokiol is a small molecule compound derived from Magnolia grandiflora that has activity against solid tumors and hematopoietic neoplasms. In order to increase the lipophilicity of honokiol, we have synthesized honokiol DCA, the dichloroacetate ester of honokiol. In addition, we synthesized a novel fluorinated honokiol analog, bis-trifluoromethyl-bis-(4-hydroxy-3-allylphenyl) methane (hexafluoro). Both compounds exhibited activity against A375 melanoma in vivo, but honokiol DCA was more active. Gene arrays comparing treated with vehicle control tumors demonstrated induction of the respiratory enzyme succinate dehydrogenase B (SDHB) by treatment, suggesting that our honokiol analogs induce respiration in vivo. We then examined its effect against a pair of melanomas, LM36 and LM36R, in which LM36R differs from LM36 in that LM36R has acquired vemurafenib resistance. Honokiol DCA demonstrated in vivo activity against LM36R (vemurafenib resistant) but not against parental LM36. Honokiol DCA and hexafluoro inhibited the phosphorylation of DRP1, thus stimulating a phenotype suggestive of respiration through mitochondrial normalization. Honokiol DCA may act in vemurafenib resistant melanomas to increase both respiration and reactive oxygen generation, leading to activity against aggressive melanoma in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Y Bonner
- Department of Dermatology, Emory School of Medicine, and Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Isabella Karlsson
- Department of Dermatology, Emory School of Medicine, and Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Monica Rodolfo
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori via Venezian, Milan, Italy
| | - Rebecca S Arnold
- Department of Urology, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Elisabetta Vergani
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori via Venezian, Milan, Italy
| | - Jack L Arbiser
- Department of Dermatology, Emory School of Medicine, and Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
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17
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Kim HS. Extracts of Chrysanthemum zawadskii attenuate oxidative damage to vascular endothelial cells caused by a highly reducing sugar. Cytotechnology 2017; 69:915-924. [PMID: 28608258 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-017-0110-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells are considered candidates for involvement in the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular complications, and prevention of endothelial cell damage may be important in pharmacological attempts to prevent such complications. In the present study, I explored whether extracts of Chrysanthemum zawadskii (CZE) could prevent oxidative damage and dysfunction of a vascular endothelial cell line caused by the highly reducing sugar, 2-deoxy-D-ribose (dRib), and dysfunction of a vascular endothelial cell line. Vascular endothelial cells were treated with dRib in the presence or absence of CZE. Cell viability was monitored using a cell counting kit, and the induction of apoptosis was evaluated with a cell death kit. Prostaglandin E2 and cyclooxygenase-2 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Mitochondrial membrane potential [ΔΨ(m)] was determined using a JC-1 kit. Intracellular oxidative stress was measured by fluorometric analysis of dichlorofluorescin oxidation using 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate as the probe. The expression levels of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. dRib reduced cell survival and the ΔΨ(m) and markedly increased intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species and apoptosis. However, pretreatment of cells with CZE attenuated all these dRib-induced effects. The anti-oxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) also prevented dRib-induced oxidative cell damage. CZE attenuated the dRib-induced production of the inflammatory mediators cyclooxygenase-2 and Prostaglandin E2. NAC also exhibited anti-inflammatory effects and treatment with CZE caused transcriptional elevation of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes. Taken together, the results suggest that CZE may exert an antioxidant action that reduces dRib-induced cell damage to vascular endothelial cells and may thus aid in preventing diabetes-associated microvascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Sook Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Cheongju University, 298 Daeseong-ro, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28503, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Tian R, Ding Y, Peng YY, Lu N. Myeloperoxidase amplified high glucose-induced endothelial dysfunction in vasculature: Role of NADPH oxidase and hypochlorous acid. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 484:572-578. [PMID: 28131839 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.01.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), have emerged as important molecules in the pathogenesis of diabetic endothelial dysfunction. Additionally, neutrophils-derived myeloperoxidase (MPO) and MPO-catalyzed hypochlorous acid (HOCl) play important roles in the vascular injury. However, it is unknown whether MPO can use vascular-derived ROS to induce diabetic endothelial dysfunction. In the present study, we demonstrated that NADPH oxidase was the main source of ROS formation in high glucose-cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and played a critical role in high glucose-induced endothelial dysfunction such as cell apoptosis, loss of cell viability and reduction of nitric oxide (NO). However, the addition of MPO could amplify the high glucose-induced endothelial dysfunction which was inhibited by the presence of apocynin (NADPH oxidase inhibitor), catalase (H2O2 scavenger), or methionine (HOCl scavenger), demonstrating the contribution of NADPH oxidase-H2O2-MPO-HOCl pathway in the MPO/high glucose-induced vascular injury. In high glucose-incubated rat aortas, MPO also exacerbated the NADPH oxidase-induced impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation. Consistent with these in vitro data, in diabetic rat aortas, both MPO expresion and NADPH oxidase activity were increased while the endothelial function was simultaneously impaired. The results suggested that vascular-bound MPO could amplify high glucose-induced vascular injury in diabetes. MPO-NADPH oxidase-HOCl may represent an important pathogenic pathway in diabetic vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Tian
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Jiangxi Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Jiangxi Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yi-Yuan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Jiangxi Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Naihao Lu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Jiangxi Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China.
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Prognostic value of proteinuria and glomerular filtration rate on Taiwanese patients with diabetes mellitus and advanced chronic kidney disease: a single center experience. Clin Exp Nephrol 2016; 21:307-315. [PMID: 27339442 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-016-1290-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several risk factors were associated with poor outcomes in diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, few studies addressed the prognostic implications of these factors in advanced CKD. Our study aimed to provide more evidence for risk factor stratification of diabetic patients with advanced CKD. METHOD A total of 447 diabetic patients with advanced CKD, age of 18-80, who visited the nephrology out-patient clinic were enrolled. All patients were in stage 3B-5 CKD. The primary outcomes included long-term renal replacement therapy and mortality. The occurrence of cardiovascular events was also analyzed as secondary outcome. Multivariate Cox regression models were used to address each risk factor in this cohort. We also used this cohort to evaluate the validity of the modified diabetic nephropathy score. RESULTS Patients with lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were associated with higher degree of proteinuria. In the multivariate Cox regression model, eGFR and the degree of proteinuria were both strong outcome predictors. The effects of glycosylated hemoglobin and blood pressure in this advanced CKD cohort were minimal. Elder patients with advanced CKD had a higher mortality rate, but commenced less renal replacement therapy. Applying these indicator analyses, we proposed a modified diabetic nephropathy score for outcome prediction. CONCLUSIONS Our analysis demonstrated the impact of eGFR and proteinuria in the advanced CKD group. Indicators in early CKD possessed a different prognostic profile in this advanced CKD cohort, therefore, necessitating a modified scoring system.
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20
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Effect of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 on High-Glucose-induced Oxidative Stress and Cell Apoptosis in Human Endothelial Cells and Its Underlying Mechanism. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2016; 66:135-40. [PMID: 25815676 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has been demonstrated to play an important role in type 2 diabetes mellitus, leading to cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to examine the GLP-1 regulation of high-glucose-induced oxidative stress and cell apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and its underlying mechanism. HUVECs were isolated from healthy umbilical cords and cultured. GLP-1 and the GLP-1R antagonist, exendin (9-39), were used to pretreat the cells. The expression of NADPH oxidase subunits gp91 and p22 messenger RNA was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Reactive oxygen species production was detected with flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. Lucigenin assay was used to measure the NADPH oxidase activity. The terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling assay was used to investigate endothelial cell apoptosis. Apoptosis proteins were detected by immunoblotting. GLP-1 decreased high-glucose-induced oxidative stress, the expression of gp91 and p22phox messenger RNAs, and NADPH oxidase activation. Exendin (9-39) antagonized the effects of GLP-1 on high-glucose-induced oxidative stress. GLP-1 also increased HUVEC's high-glucose-induced proliferation and inhibited apoptosis. GLP-1 inhibited high-glucose-induced oxidative stress and cell apoptosis in HUVECs through GLP-1R-dependent and GLP-1 (9-36)-related pathways. GLP-1 suppressed high-glucose-induced oxidative stress and consequently may have an antiatherosclerosis effect on diabetes mellitus patients.
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21
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Yu X, Zhao Q, Zhang H, Fan C, Zhang X, Xie Q, Xu C, Liu Y, Wu X, Han Q, Zhang H. Gambogenic acid inhibits LPS-simulated inflammatory response by suppressing NF-κB and MAPK in macrophages. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2016; 48:454-61. [PMID: 27025602 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmw021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a response of body tissues to injury and infection. Compounds that can inhibit inflammation have been shown to have potential therapeutic clinical application. Gambogenic acid (GEA) has potent antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities. Herein, the molecular mechanisms of GEA's anti-inflammatory effect were investigated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophage cells. The results showed that pretreatment with GEA could markedly inhibit interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, IFN-β, IL-12b, and IL-23a production in a dose-dependent manner in LPS-induced model. Furthermore, this drug significantly reduced the release of nitric oxide (NO), and impaired the protein level of inducible NO synthase and the cyclooxygenase 2. The finding also showed that the effect of GEA may be related to the suppression of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. These results indicate that GEA could suppress LPS-simulated inflammatory response partially by attenuating NO synthesis and NF-κB and MAPK activation, suggesting that it may become a potent therapeutic agent for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjun Yu
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Oncology Center, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Qun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Haiwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Cunxian Fan
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xixi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Qun Xie
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China Department of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chengxian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yongbo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wu
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Quanbin Han
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Haibing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
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22
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Diebold BA, Smith SM, Li Y, Lambeth JD. NOX2 As a Target for Drug Development: Indications, Possible Complications, and Progress. Antioxid Redox Signal 2015; 23:375-405. [PMID: 24512192 PMCID: PMC4545678 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2014.5862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE NOX2 is important for host defense, and yet is implicated in a large number of diseases in which inflammation plays a role in pathogenesis. These include acute and chronic lung inflammatory diseases, stroke, traumatic brain injury, and neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases. RECENT ADVANCES Recent drug development programs have targeted several NOX isoforms that are implicated in a variety of diseases. The focus has been primarily on NOX4 and NOX1 rather than on NOX2, due, in part, to concerns about possible immunosuppressive side effects. Nevertheless, NOX2 clearly contributes to the pathogenesis of many inflammatory diseases, and its inhibition is predicted to provide a novel therapeutic approach. CRITICAL ISSUES Possible side effects that might arise from targeting NOX2 are discussed, including the possibility that such inhibition will contribute to increased infections and/or autoimmune disorders. The state of the field with regard to existing NOX2 inhibitors and targeted development of novel inhibitors is also summarized. FUTURE DIRECTIONS NOX2 inhibitors show particular promise for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, both acute and chronic. Theoretical side effects include pro-inflammatory and autoimmune complications and should be considered in any therapeutic program, but in our opinion, available data do not indicate that they are sufficiently likely to eliminate NOX2 as a drug target, particularly when weighed against the seriousness of many NOX2-related indications. Model studies demonstrating efficacy with minimal side effects are needed to encourage future development of NOX2 inhibitors as therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Becky A. Diebold
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Susan M.E. Smith
- Department of Biology and Physics, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, Georgia
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - J. David Lambeth
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
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23
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Qiu L, Xu R, Wang S, Li S, Sheng H, Wu J, Qu Y. Honokiol ameliorates endothelial dysfunction through suppression of PTX3 expression, a key mediator of IKK/IκB/NF-κB, in atherosclerotic cell model. Exp Mol Med 2015; 47:e171. [PMID: 26138903 PMCID: PMC4525296 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2015.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) was identified as a marker of the inflammatory response and overexpressed in various tissues and cells related to cardiovascular disease. Honokiol, an active component isolated from the Chinese medicinal herb Magnolia officinalis, was shown to have a variety of pharmacological activities. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of honokiol on palmitic acid (PA)-induced dysfunction of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and to elucidate potential regulatory mechanisms in this atherosclerotic cell model. Our results showed that PA significantly accelerated the expression of PTX3 in HUVECs through the IκB kinase (IKK)/IκB/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway, reduced cell viability, induced cell apoptosis and triggered the inflammatory response. Knockdown of PTX3 supported cell growth and prevented apoptosis by blocking PA-inducted nitric oxide (NO) overproduction. Honokiol significantly suppressed the overexpression of PTX3 in PA-inducted HUVECs by inhibiting IκB phosphorylation and the expression of two NF-κB subunits (p50 and p65) in the IKK/IκB/NF-κB signaling pathway. Furthermore, honokiol reduced endothelial cell injury and apoptosis by regulating the expression of inducible NO synthase and endothelial NO synthase, as well as the generation of NO. Honokiol showed an anti-inflammatory effect in PA-inducted HUVECs by significantly inhibiting the generation of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. In summary, honokiol repaired endothelial dysfunction by suppressing PTX3 overexpression in an atherosclerotic cell model. PTX3 may be a potential therapeutic target for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Qiu
- Geriatrics Department, Shanghai Clinical Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Xu
- Geriatrics Department, Shanghai Clinical Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Siyang Wang
- Geriatrics Department, Shanghai Clinical Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuijun Li
- Shanghai Clinical Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongguang Sheng
- Endocrinology Department, Shanghai Clinical Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaxi Wu
- Shanghai Clinical Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Qu
- Geriatrics Department, Shanghai Clinical Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
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24
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Chao CT, Chiang CK. Uremic toxins, oxidative stress, and renal fibrosis: an interwined complex. J Ren Nutr 2014; 25:155-9. [PMID: 25511523 DOI: 10.1053/j.jrn.2014.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of end-stage renal diseases is currently on the rise globally, and finding the way to curb this tide is urgently needed. Tubulointerstitial fibrosis is a common pathway for essentially all the nephropathy categories known to date, and the manifestations of renal fibrosis include excessive deposition of extracellular matrix with distortion of renal microstructures and functional deterioration. Uremic toxins have been gradually found to play an important role in the development of progressive renal fibrosis, with protein-bound indoxyl sulfate, p-cresol, and p-cresyl sulfate receiving the most attention. However, the contribution of oxidative stress among the pathogenesis of uremic toxins and renal fibrosis has not been evaluated much until recently. In this review, we will discuss about the nature and sources of oxidative stress in the kidney and how uremic toxins use oxidative stress to orchestrate the processes of renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Ter Chao
- Renal Division, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Jin-Shan Branch, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kang Chiang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Integrative Diagnostics and Therapeutics, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
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25
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Liu XF, Yu JQ, Dalan R, Liu AQ, Luo KQ. Biological factors in plasma from diabetes mellitus patients enhance hyperglycaemia and pulsatile shear stress-induced endothelial cell apoptosis. Integr Biol (Camb) 2014; 6:511-22. [PMID: 24643402 DOI: 10.1039/c3ib40265g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
People suffering from Diabetes Mellitus (DM) are prone to an array of vascular complications leading to end organ damage. The hallmark of these vascular complications is endothelium dysfunction, which is caused by endothelial cell (EC) apoptosis. Although the endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction induced by hyperglycaemia and fluid shear stress has been studied, the effects of biological factors in the blood of DM patients on EC integrity have not been reported in the in vitro models that mimic the physiological pulsatile nature of the vascular system. This study reports the development of a hemodynamic lab-on-a-chip system to investigate this issue. The pulsatile flow was applied to a monolayer of endothelial cells expressing a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based biosensor that changes colour from green to blue in response to caspase-3 activation during apoptosis. Plasma samples from healthy volunteers and DM patients were compared to identify biological factors that are critical to endothelial disruption. Three types of microchannels were designed to simulate the blood vessels under healthy and partially blocked pathological conditions. The results showed that EC apoptosis rates increased with increasing glucose concentration and levels of shear stress. The rates of apoptosis further increased by a factor of 1.4-2.3 for hyperglycaemic plasma under all dynamic conditions. Under static conditions, little difference was detected in the rate of EC apoptosis between experiments using plasma from DM patients and glucose medium, suggesting that the effects of hyperglycaemia and biological factors on the induction of EC apoptosis are all shear flow-dependent. A proteomics study was then conducted to identify biological factors, demonstrating that the levels of eight proteins, including haptoglobin and clusterin, were significantly down-regulated, while six proteins, including apolipoprotein C-III, were significantly up-regulated in the plasma of DM patients compared to healthy volunteers. This hemodynamic lab-on-a-chip system can serve as a high throughput platform to assess the risk of vascular complications of DM patients and to determine the effects of therapeutics or other interventions on EC apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- X F Liu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637457.
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26
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Kang MC, Lee SH, Lee WW, Kang N, Kim EA, Kim SY, Lee DH, Kim D, Jeon YJ. Protective effect of fucoxanthin isolated from Ishige okamurae against high-glucose induced oxidative stress in human umbilical vein endothelial cells and zebrafish model. J Funct Foods 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2014.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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27
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Sulaiman RS, Basavarajappa HD, Corson TW. Natural product inhibitors of ocular angiogenesis. Exp Eye Res 2014; 129:161-71. [PMID: 25304218 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Revised: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Natural products are characterized by high chemical diversity and biochemical specificity; therefore, they are appealing as lead compounds for drug discovery. Given the importance of angiogenesis to many pathologies, numerous natural products have been explored as potential anti-angiogenic drugs. Ocular angiogenesis underlies blinding eye diseases such as retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in children, proliferative diabetic retinopathy (DR) in adults of working age, and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in the elderly. Despite the presence of effective therapy in many cases, these diseases are still a significant health burden. Anti-VEGF biologics are the standard of care, but may cause ocular or systemic side effects after intraocular administration and patients may be refractory. Many anti-angiogenic compounds inhibit tumor growth and metastasis alone or in combination therapy, but a more select subset of them has been tested in the context of ocular neovascular diseases. Here, we review the promise of natural products as anti-angiogenic agents, with a specific focus on retinal and choroidal neovascularization. The multifunctional curcumin and the chalcone isoliquiritigenin have demonstrated promising anti-angiogenic effects in mouse models of DR and choroidal neovascularization (CNV) respectively. The homoisoflavanone cremastranone and the flavonoid deguelin have been shown to inhibit ocular neovascularization in more than one disease model. The isoflavone genistein and the flavone apigenin on the other hand are showing potential in the prevention of retinal and choroidal angiogenesis with long-term administration. Many other products with anti-angiogenic potential in vitro such as the lactone withaferin A, the flavonol quercetin, and the stilbenoid combretastatin A4 are awaiting investigation in different ocular disease-relevant animal models. These natural products may serve as lead compounds for the design of more specific, efficacious, and affordable drugs with minimal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania S Sulaiman
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Halesha D Basavarajappa
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Timothy W Corson
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
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28
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Lee WJ, Sheu WHH, Liu SH, Yi YC, Chen WC, Lin SY, Liang KW, Shen CC, Yeh HY, Lin LY, Tsai YC, Tien HR, Lee MR, Yang TJ, Sheu ML. Nε-carboxymethyllysine-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress promotes endothelial cell injury through Nox4/MKP-3 interaction. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 74:294-306. [PMID: 25014566 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2014] [Revised: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
N(ε)-carboxymethyllysine (CML) is an important driver of diabetic vascular complications and endothelial cell dysfunction. However, how CML dictates specific cellular responses and the roles of protein tyrosine phosphatases and ERK phosphorylation remain unclear. We examined whether endoplasmic reticulum (ER) localization of MAPK phosphatase-3 (MKP-3) is critical in regulating ERK inactivation and promoting NADPH oxidase-4 (Nox4) activation in CML-induced endothelial cell injury. We demonstrated that serum CML levels were significantly increased in type 2 diabetes patients and diabetic animals. CML induced ER stress and apoptosis, reduced ERK activation, and increased MKP-3 protein activity in HUVECs and SVECs. MKP-3 siRNA transfection, but not that of MKP-1 or MKP-2, abolished the effects of CML on HUVECs. Nox4-mediated activation of MKP-3 regulated the switch to ERK dephosphorylation. CML also increased the integration of MKP-3 with ERK, which was blocked by silencing MKP-3. Exposure of antioxidants abolished CML-increased MKP-3 activity and protein expression. Furthermore, immunohistochemical staining of both MKP-3 and CML was increased, but phospho-ERK staining was decreased in the aortic endothelium of streptozotocin-induced and high-fat diet-induced diabetic mice. Our results indicate that an MKP-3 pathway might regulate ERK dephosphorylation through Nox4 during CML-triggered endothelial cell dysfunction/injury, suggesting that therapeutic strategies targeting the Nox4/MKP-3 interaction or MKP-3 activation may have clinical implications for diabetic vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jane Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Social Work, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wayne Huey-Herng Sheu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, and National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Hwa Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chiao Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chih Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yi Lin
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kae-Woei Liang
- Cardiovascular Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chang Shen
- Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council, Longtan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Yu Yeh
- Department of Nutrition and Institute of Biomedical Nutrition and Hung-Kuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yun Lin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hung-Kuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Tsai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Ru Tien
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Maw-Rong Lee
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Jie Yang
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Meei-Ling Sheu
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, and National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
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29
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Wang JJ, Zhao R, Liang JC, Chen Y. Antidiabetic and Anti-oxidative Effects of Honokiol on Diabetic Rats Induced by High-fat Diet and Streptozotocin. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1674-6384(14)60005-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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30
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Avtanski DB, Nagalingam A, Bonner MY, Arbiser JL, Saxena NK, Sharma D. Honokiol inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer cells by targeting signal transducer and activator of transcription 3/Zeb1/E-cadherin axis. Mol Oncol 2014; 8:565-80. [PMID: 24508063 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2014.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a critical step in the acquisition of metastatic state, is an attractive target for therapeutic interventions directed against tumor metastasis. Honokiol (HNK) is a natural phenolic compound isolated from an extract of seed cones from Magnolia grandiflora. Recent studies from our lab show that HNK impedes breast carcinogenesis. Here, we provide molecular evidence that HNK inhibits EMT in breast cancer cells resulting in significant downregulation of mesenchymal marker proteins and concurrent upregulation of epithelial markers. Experimental EMT induced by exposure to TGFβ and TNFα in spontaneously immortalized nontumorigenic human mammary epithelial cells is also completely reversed by HNK as evidenced by morphological as well as molecular changes. Investigating the downstream mediator(s) that may direct EMT inhibition by HNK, we found functional interactions between HNK, Stat3, and EMT-signaling components. In vitro and in vivo analyses show that HNK inhibits Stat3 activation in breast cancer cells and tumors. Constitutive activation of Stat3 abrogates HNK-mediated activation of epithelial markers whereas inhibition of Stat3 using small molecule inhibitor, Stattic, potentiates HNK-mediated inhibition of EMT markers, invasion and migration of breast cancer cells. Mechanistically, HNK inhibits recruitment of Stat3 on mesenchymal transcription factor Zeb1 promoter resulting in decreased Zeb1 expression and nuclear translocation. We also discover that HNK increases E-cadherin expression via Stat3-mediated release of Zeb1 from E-cadherin promoter. Collectively, this study reports that HNK effectively inhibits EMT in breast cancer cells and provide evidence for a previously unrecognized cross-talk between HNK and Stat3/Zeb1/E-cadherin axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimiter B Avtanski
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Arumugam Nagalingam
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Michael Y Bonner
- Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jack L Arbiser
- Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Neeraj K Saxena
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 660 W Redwood St., Howard Hall, Rm 301, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Dipali Sharma
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
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31
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He Y, Wang XB, Fan BY, Kong LY. Honokiol trimers and dimers via biotransformation catalyzed by Momordica charantia peroxidase: Novel and potent α-glucosidase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:762-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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32
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Rodiño-Janeiro BK, Paradela-Dobarro B, Castiñeiras-Landeira MI, Raposeiras-Roubín S, González-Juanatey JR, Álvarez E. Current status of NADPH oxidase research in cardiovascular pharmacology. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2013; 9:401-28. [PMID: 23983473 PMCID: PMC3750863 DOI: 10.2147/vhrm.s33053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The implications of reactive oxygen species in cardiovascular disease have been known for some decades. Rationally, therapeutic antioxidant strategies combating oxidative stress have been developed, but the results of clinical trials have not been as good as expected. Therefore, to move forward in the design of new therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular disease based on prevention of production of reactive oxygen species, steps must be taken on two fronts, ie, comprehension of reduction-oxidation signaling pathways and the pathophysiologic roles of reactive oxygen species, and development of new, less toxic, and more selective nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase inhibitors, to clarify both the role of each NADPH oxidase isoform and their utility in clinical practice. In this review, we analyze the value of NADPH oxidase as a therapeutic target for cardiovascular disease and the old and new pharmacologic agents or strategies to prevent NADPH oxidase activity. Some inhibitors and different direct or indirect approaches are available. Regarding direct NADPH oxidase inhibition, the specificity of NADPH oxidase is the focus of current investigations, whereas the chemical structure-activity relationship studies of known inhibitors have provided pharmacophore models with which to search for new molecules. From a general point of view, small-molecule inhibitors are preferred because of their hydrosolubility and oral bioavailability. However, other possibilities are not closed, with peptide inhibitors or monoclonal antibodies against NADPH oxidase isoforms continuing to be under investigation as well as the ongoing search for naturally occurring compounds. Likewise, some different approaches include inhibition of assembly of the NADPH oxidase complex, subcellular translocation, post-transductional modifications, calcium entry/release, electron transfer, and genetic expression. High-throughput screens for any of these activities could provide new inhibitors. All this knowledge and the research presently underway will likely result in development of new drugs for inhibition of NADPH oxidase and application of therapeutic approaches based on their action, for the treatment of cardiovascular disease in the next few years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno K Rodiño-Janeiro
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela,
Spain
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Grenoble, France
| | | | | | - Sergio Raposeiras-Roubín
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela,
Spain
- Cardiology Department, University Clinic Hospital of Santiago de Compostela,
Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José R González-Juanatey
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela,
Spain
- Cardiology Department, University Clinic Hospital of Santiago de Compostela,
Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Medicine Department, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela,
Spain
| | - Ezequiel Álvarez
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela,
Spain
- Medicine Department, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela,
Spain
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33
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KIM DONGWOOK, KO SEONMI, JEON YOUNGJOO, NOH YOUNGWOOCK, CHOI NAGJIN, CHO SUNGDAE, MOON HONGSEOP, CHO YOUNGSIK, SHIN JAECHEN, PARK SEONMIN, SEO KANGSEOK, CHOI JIYOUNG, CHAE JUNGIL, SHIM JUNGHYUN. Anti-proliferative effect of honokiol in oral squamous cancer through the regulation of specificity protein 1. Int J Oncol 2013; 43:1103-10. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.2028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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34
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Yu JQ, Liu XF, Chin LK, Liu AQ, Luo KQ. Study of endothelial cell apoptosis using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensor cell line with hemodynamic microfluidic chip system. LAB ON A CHIP 2013; 13:2693-2700. [PMID: 23620256 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc50105a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
To better understand how hyperglycemia induces endothelial cell dysfunction under the diabetic conditions, a hemodynamic microfluidic chip system was developed. The system combines a caspase-3-based fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensor cell line which can detect endothelial cell apoptosis in real-time, post-treatment effect and with a limited cell sample, by using a microfluidic chip which can mimic the physiological pulsatile flow profile in the blood vessel. The caspase-3-based FRET biosensor endothelial cell line (HUVEC-C3) can produce a FRET-based sensor protein capable of probing caspase-3 activation. When the endothelial cells undergo apoptosis, the color of the sensor cells changes from green to blue, thus sensing apoptosis. A double-labeling fluorescent technique (yo pro-1 and propidium iodide) was used to validate the findings revealed by the FRET-based caspase sensor. The results show high rates of apoptosis and necrosis of endothelial cells when high glucose concentration was applied in our hemodynamic microfluidic chip combined with an exhaustive pulsatile flow profile. The two apoptosis detection techniques (fluorescent method and FRET biosensor) are comparable; but FRET biosensor offers more advantages such as real-time observation and a convenient operating process to generate more accurate and reliable data. Furthermore, the activation of the FRET biosensor also confirms the endothelial cell apoptosis induced by the abnormal pulsatile shear stress and high glucose concentration is through caspase-3 pathway. A 12% apoptotic rate (nearly a 4-fold increase compared to the static condition) was observed when the endothelial cells were exposed to a high glucose concentration of 20 mM under 2 h exhaustive pulsatile shear stress of 30 dyne cm(-2) and followed with another 10 h normal pulsatile shear stress of 15 dyne cm(-2). Therefore, the most important finding of this study is to develop a novel endothelial cell apoptosis detection method, which combines the microfluidic chip system and FRET biosensor. This finding may provide new insight into how glucose causes endothelial cell dysfunction, which is the major cause of diabetes-derived complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Q Yu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
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35
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Pan HC, Lai DW, Lan KH, Shen CC, Wu SM, Chiu CS, Wang KB, Sheu ML. Honokiol thwarts gastric tumor growth and peritoneal dissemination by inhibiting Tpl2 in an orthotopic model. Carcinogenesis 2013; 34:2568-79. [PMID: 23828905 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgt243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Honokiol is known to suppress the growth of cancer cells; however, to date, its antiperitoneal dissemination effects have not been studied in an orthotopic mouse model. In the present study, we evaluated the antiperitoneal dissemination potential of Honokiol in an orthotopic mouse model and assessed associations with tumor growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1) and cells stimulated by a carcinogen, N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG). Our results demonstrate that tumor growth, peritoneal dissemination and peritoneum or organ metastasis of orthotopically implanted MKN45 cells were significantly decreased in Honokiol-treated mice and that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was induced. Honokiol-treated tumors showed increased epithelial signatures such as E-cadherin, cytokeratin-18 and ER stress marker. In contrast, decreased expression of vimentin, Snail and tumor progression locus 2 (Tpl2) was also noted. TGFβ1 and MNNG-induced downregulation of E-cadherin and upregulation of Tpl2 were abrogated by Honokiol treatment. The effect of Tpl2 inhibition in cancer cells or endothelial cells was associated with inactivation of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein B, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cell and activator protein-1 and suppression of vascular endothelial growth factor. Inhibition of Tpl2 in gastric cancer cells by small interfering RNA or pharmacological inhibitor was found to effectively reduce growth ability and vessel density in vivo. Honokiol-induced reversal of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and ER stress-induced apoptosis via Tp12 may involve the paralleling processes. Taken together, our results suggest that the therapeutic inhibition of Tpl2 by Honokiol thwarts both gastric tumor growth and peritoneal dissemination by inducing ER stress and inhibiting EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Chuan Pan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
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Chen F, Qian LH, Deng B, Liu ZM, Zhao Y, Le YY. Resveratrol protects vascular endothelial cells from high glucose-induced apoptosis through inhibition of NADPH oxidase activation-driven oxidative stress. CNS Neurosci Ther 2013; 19:675-81. [PMID: 23731528 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Revised: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress has been implicated in diabetic vascular complications in which NADPH oxidase is a major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Resveratrol is a naturally occurring polyphenol, which has vasoprotective effects in diabetic animal models and inhibits high glucose (HG)-induced oxidative stress in endothelial cells. AIMS We aimed to examine whether HG-induced NADPH oxidase activation and ROS production contribute to glucotoxicity to endothelial cells and the effect of resveratrol on glucotoxicity. RESULTS Using a murine brain microvascular endothelial cell line bEnd3, we found that NADPH oxidase inhibitor (apocynin) and resveratrol both inhibited HG-induced endothelial cell apoptosis. HG-induced elevation of NADPH oxidase activity and production of ROS were inhibited by apocynin, suggesting that HG induces endothelial cell apoptosis through NADPH oxidase-mediated ROS production. Mechanistic studies revealed that HG upregulated NADPH oxidase subunit Nox1 but not Nox2, Nox4, and p22(phox) expression through NF-κB activation, which resulted in elevation of NADPH oxidase activity and consequent ROS production. Resveratrol prevented HG-induced endothelial cell apoptosis through inhibiting HG-induced NF-κB activation, NADPH oxidase activity elevation, and ROS production. CONCLUSIONS HG induces endothelial cell apoptosis through NF-κB/NADPH oxidase/ROS pathway, which was inhibited by resveratrol. Our findings provide new potential therapeutic targets against brain vascular complications of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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37
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Zbidah M, Lupescu A, Herrmann T, Yang W, Foller M, Jilani K, Lang F. Effect of honokiol on erythrocytes. Toxicol In Vitro 2013; 27:1737-45. [PMID: 23673313 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2013.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2012] [Revised: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Honokiol ((3,5-di-(2-propenyl)-1,1-biphenyl-2,2-diol), a component of Magnolia officinalis, stimulates apoptosis and is thus considered for the treatment of malignancy. In analogy to apoptosis of nucleated cells, erythrocytes may enter eryptosis, a suicidal death characterized by cell shrinkage and by breakdown of cell membrane phosphatidylserine asymmetry with phosphatidylserine-exposure at the erythrocyte surface. Eryptosis may be triggered following increase of cytosolic Ca(2+)-activity ([Ca(2+)]i). The present study explored, whether honokiol elicits eryptosis. Cell volume has been estimated from forward scatter, phosphatidylserine-exposure from annexin V binding, hemolysis from hemoglobin release, [Ca(2+)]i from Fluo3-fluorescence, and ceramide from fluorescent antibodies. As a result, a 48 h exposure to honokiol was followed by a slight but significant increase of [Ca(2+)]i (15 μM), significant decrease of forward scatter (5 μM), significant increase of annexin-V-binding (5 μM) and significant increase of ceramide formation (15 μM). Honokiol further induced slight, but significant hemolysis. Honokiol (15 μM) induced annexin-V-binding was significantly blunted but not abrogated in the nominal absence of extracellular Ca(2+). In conclusion, honokiol triggers suicidal erythrocyte death or eryptosis, an effect at least in part due to stimulation of Ca(2+) entry and ceramide formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohanad Zbidah
- Department of Physiology, University of Tuebingen, Gmelinstraße 5, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
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Dong JX, Zhao GY, Yu QLY, Li R, Yuan L, Chen J, Liu Y. Mitochondrial dysfunction induced by honokiol. J Membr Biol 2013; 246:375-81. [PMID: 23595822 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-013-9543-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2012] [Accepted: 03/29/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Honokiol has shown the ability to induce the apoptosis of several different cancer cell lines. Considering that mitochondria are involved in apoptosis, the aim of the present work was to investigate the effects of honokiol on mitochondria. The effects of honokiol on the permeability of H⁺ and K⁺, membrane potential, membrane fluidity, respiration and swelling of mitochondria isolated from the rat liver were assessed. The results show that honokiol can significantly induce mitochondrial swelling, decrease membrane potential and affect the respiration of mitochondria. Meanwhile, honokiol does not have a direct effect on the mitochondrial permeability transition pore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xin Dong
- Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Education of China, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
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39
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Liu SH, Sheu WHH, Lee MR, Lee WJ, Yi YC, Yang TJ, Jen JF, Pan HC, Shen CC, Chen WB, Tien HR, Sheu ML. Advanced glycation end product Nε-carboxymethyllysine induces endothelial cell injury: the involvement of SHP-1-regulated VEGFR-2 dephosphorylation. J Pathol 2013; 230:215-27. [PMID: 22553146 DOI: 10.1002/path.4045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2011] [Revised: 03/27/2012] [Accepted: 04/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
N(ε)-carboxymethyllysine (CML), a major advanced glycation end product, plays a crucial role in diabetes-induced vascular injury. The roles of protein tyrosine phosphatases and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors in CML-related endothelial cell injury are still unclear. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) are a commonly used human EC type. Here, we tested the hypothesis that NADPH oxidase/reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated SH2 domain-containing tyrosine phosphatase-1 (SHP-1) activation by CML inhibits the VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2, KDR/Flk-1) activation, resulting in HUVEC injury. CML significantly inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis and reduced VEGFR-2 activation in parallel with the increased SHP-1 protein expression and activity in HUVECs. Adding recombinant VEGF increased forward biological effects, which were attenuated by CML. The effects of CML on HUVECs were abolished by SHP-1 siRNA transfection. Exposure of HUVECs to CML also remarkably escalated the integration of SHP-1 with VEGFR-2. Consistently, SHP-1 siRNA transfection and pharmacological inhibitors could block this interaction and elevating [(3)H]thymidine incorporation. CML also markedly activated the NADPH oxidase and ROS production. The CML-increased SHP-1 activity in HUVECs was effectively attenuated by antioxidants. Moreover, the immunohistochemical staining of SHP-1 and CML was increased, but phospho-VEGFR-2 staining was decreased in the aortic endothelium of streptozotocin-induced and high-fat diet-induced diabetic mice. We conclude that a pathway of tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1-regulated VEGFR-2 dephosphorylation through NADPH oxidase-derived ROS is involved in the CML-triggered endothelial cell dysfunction/injury. These findings suggest new insights into the development of therapeutic approaches to reduce diabetic vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shing Hwa Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
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Zhang Z, Yang Z, Zhu B, Hu J, Liew CW, Zhang Y, Leopold JA, Handy DE, Loscalzo J, Stanton RC. Increasing glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity restores redox balance in vascular endothelial cells exposed to high glucose. PLoS One 2012. [PMID: 23185302 PMCID: PMC3501497 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0049128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that high glucose increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) in endothelial cells that contributes to vascular dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Accumulation of ROS is due to dysregulated redox balance between ROS-producing systems and antioxidant systems. Previous research from our laboratory has shown that high glucose decreases the principal cellular reductant, NADPH by impairing the activity of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD). We and others also have shown that the high glucose-induced decrease in G6PD activity is mediated, at least in part, by cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA). As both the major antioxidant enzymes and NADPH oxidase, a major source of ROS, use NADPH as substrate, we explored whether G6PD activity was a critical mediator of redox balance. We found that overexpression of G6PD by pAD-G6PD infection restored redox balance. Moreover inhibition of PKA decreased ROS accumulation and increased redox enzymes, while not altering the protein expression level of redox enzymes. Interestingly, high glucose stimulated an increase in NADPH oxidase (NOX) and colocalization of G6PD with NOX, which was inhibited by the PKA inhibitor. Lastly, inhibition of PKA ameliorated high glucose mediated increase in cell death and inhibition of cell growth. These studies illustrate that increasing G6PD activity restores redox balance in endothelial cells exposed to high glucose, which is a potentially important therapeutic target to protect ECs from the deleterious effects of high glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyun Zhang
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihong Yang
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Bo Zhu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ji Hu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chong Wee Liew
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yingyi Zhang
- Brigham Woman's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jane A. Leopold
- Brigham Woman's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Diane E. Handy
- Brigham Woman's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Joseph Loscalzo
- Brigham Woman's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Robert C. Stanton
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Wang Y, Zhang ZZ, Wu Y, Zhan J, He XH, Wang YL. Honokiol protects rat hearts against myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. Exp Ther Med 2012; 5:315-319. [PMID: 23251290 PMCID: PMC3523945 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2012.766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Honokiol, a potent radical scavenger, has been demonstrated to ameliorate cerebral infarction following ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, its effects on myocardial I/R injury remain unclear. The present study aimed to examine the effects of honokiol on myocardial I/R injury and to investigate its potential cardioprotective mechanisms. Sprague-Dawley rats were pretreated with honokiol and exposed to a 30-min myocardial ischemia followed by 2-h coronary reperfusion. Myocardial I/R-induced infarct size and biochemical and histological changes were compared. The expression of nuclear factor κB(NF-κB; p65) was assessed by western blotting. Pretreatment with honokiol significantly reduced infarct size, and serum creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release compared with those in the I/R group following a 2-h reperfusion. The malondialdehyde (MDA) level, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 and expression level of NF-κB were all reduced by honokiol pretreatment, while honokiol inhibited the decreases in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities. In addition, less neutrophil infiltration and histopathological damage in the myocardium were observed in the honokiol-pretreated group. These findings indicate that honokiol pretreatment diminished myocardial I/R injury through attenuation of oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
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Liu SH, Wang KB, Lan KH, Lee WJ, Pan HC, Wu SM, Peng YC, Chen YC, Shen CC, Cheng HC, Liao KK, Sheu ML. Calpain/SHP-1 interaction by honokiol dampening peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer in nu/nu mice. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43711. [PMID: 22937084 PMCID: PMC3427156 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Accepted: 07/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Honokiol, a small-molecular weight natural product, has previously been reported to activate apoptosis and inhibit gastric tumorigenesis. Whether honokiol inhibits the angiogenesis and metastasis of gastric cancer cells remains unknown. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We tested the effects of honokiol on angiogenic activity and peritoneal dissemination using in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro assay systems. The signaling responses in human gastric cancer cells, human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs), and isolated tumors were detected and analyzed. In a xenograft gastric tumor mouse model, honokiol significantly inhibited the peritoneal dissemination detected by PET/CT technique. Honokiol also effectively attenuated the angiogenesis detected by chick chorioallantoic membrane assay, mouse matrigel plug assay, rat aortic ring endothelial cell sprouting assay, and endothelial cell tube formation assay. Furthermore, honokiol effectively enhanced signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT-3) dephosphorylation and inhibited STAT-3 DNA binding activity in human gastric cancer cells and HUVECs, which was correlated with the up-regulation of the activity and protein expression of Src homology 2 (SH2)-containing tyrosine phosphatase-1 (SHP-1). Calpain-II inhibitor and siRNA transfection significantly reversed the honokiol-induced SHP-1 activity. The decreased STAT-3 phosphorylation and increased SHP-1 expression were also shown in isolated peritoneal metastatic tumors. Honokiol was also capable of inhibiting VEGF generation, which could be reversed by SHP-1 siRNA transfection. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Honokiol increases expression and activity of SPH-1 that further deactivates STAT3 pathway. These findings also suggest that honokiol is a novel and potent inhibitor of angiogenesis and peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer cells, providing support for the application potential of honokiol in gastric cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shing Hwa Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Keh Bin Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Keng Hsin Lan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen Jane Lee
- Department of Education and Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hung Chuan Pan
- Department of Education and Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng Mao Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yen Chun Peng
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi Ching Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin Chang Shen
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsu Chen Cheng
- Department of life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ko Kaung Liao
- Department of Anatomy, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Meei Ling Sheu
- Department of Education and Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Ho JHC, Hong CY. Cardiovascular protection of magnolol: cell-type specificity and dose-related effects. J Biomed Sci 2012; 19:70. [PMID: 22849814 PMCID: PMC3418199 DOI: 10.1186/1423-0127-19-70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnolia officinalis has been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine. Magnolol, an active component isolated from Magnolia officinalis, is known to be a cardiovascular protector since 1994. The multiplex mechanisms of magnolol on cardiovascular protection depends on cell types and dosages, and will be reviewed and discussed in this article. Magnolol under low and moderate dosage possesses the ability to protect heart from ischemic/reperfusion injury, reduces atherosclerotic change, protects endothelial cell against apoptosis and inhibits neutrophil-endothelial adhesion. The moderate to high concentration of magnolol mainly acts on smooth muscle cells and platelets. Magnolol induces apoptosis in vascular smooth muscle cells at moderate concentration and inhibits proliferation at moderate and high concentration. High concentration of magnolol also abrogates platelet activation, aggregation and thrombus formation. Magnolol also serves as an smooth muscle relaxant only upon the high concentration. Oral intake of magnolol to reach the therapeutic level for cardiovascular protection is applicable, thus makes magnolol an agent of great potential for preventing cardiovascular diseases in high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Hui-Chun Ho
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Tsai KH, Wang WJ, Lin CW, Pai P, Lai TY, Tsai CY, Kuo WW. NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide anion-induced apoptosis is mediated via the JNK-dependent activation of NF-κB in cardiomyocytes exposed to high glucose. J Cell Physiol 2012; 227:1347-57. [PMID: 21604272 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia-induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can lead to cardiomyocyte apoptosis and cardiac dysfunction. However, the mechanism by which high glucose causes cardiomyocyte apoptosis is not clear. In this study, we investigated the signaling pathways involved in NADPH oxidase-derived ROS-induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes under hyperglycemic conditions. H9c2 cells were treated with 5.5 or 33 mM glucose for 36 h. We found that 33 mM glucose resulted in a time-dependent increase in ROS generation as well as a time-dependent increase in protein expression of p22(phox), p47(phox), gp91(phox), phosphorylated IκB, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38, as well as the nuclear translocation of NF-kB. Treatment with apocynin or diphenylene iodonium (DPI), NADPH oxidase inhibitors, resulted in reduced expression of p22(phox), p47(phox), gp91(phox), phosphorylated IκB, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38. In addition, treatment with JNK and NF-kB siRNAs blocked the activity of caspase-3. Furthermore, treatment with JNK, but not p38, siRNA inhibited the glucose-induced activation of NF-κB. Similar results were obtained in neonatal cardiomyocytes exposed to high glucose concentrations. Therefore, we propose that NADPH oxidase-derived ROS-induced apoptosis is mediated via the JNK-dependent activation of NF-κB in cardiomyocytes exposed to high glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Hsi Tsai
- Department of Emergency, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Yunlin County, Taiwan
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Nagalingam A, Arbiser JL, Bonner MY, Saxena NK, Sharma D. Honokiol activates AMP-activated protein kinase in breast cancer cells via an LKB1-dependent pathway and inhibits breast carcinogenesis. Breast Cancer Res 2012; 14:R35. [PMID: 22353783 PMCID: PMC3496153 DOI: 10.1186/bcr3128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Accepted: 02/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Honokiol, a small-molecule polyphenol isolated from magnolia species, is widely known for its therapeutic potential as an antiinflammatory, antithrombosis, and antioxidant agent, and more recently, for its protective function in the pathogenesis of carcinogenesis. In the present study, we sought to examine the effectiveness of honokiol in inhibiting migration and invasion of breast cancer cells and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS Clonogenicity and three-dimensional colony-formation assays were used to examine breast cancer cell growth with honokiol treatment. The effect of honokiol on invasion and migration of breast cancer cells was evaluated by using Matrigel invasion, scratch-migration, spheroid-migration, and electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS)-based migration assays. Western blot and immunofluorescence analysis were used to examine activation of the liver kinase B1 (LKB1)-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) axis. Isogenic LKB1-knockdown breast cancer cell line pairs were developed. Functional importance of AMPK activation and LKB1 overexpression in the biologic effects of honokiol was examined by using AMPK-null and AMPK-wild type (WT) immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and isogenic LKB1-knockdown cell line pairs. Finally, mouse xenografts, immunohistochemical and Western blot analysis of tumors were used. RESULTS Analysis of the underlying molecular mechanisms revealed that honokiol treatment increases AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation and activity, as evidenced by increased phosphorylation of the downstream target of AMPK, acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC) and inhibition of phosphorylation of p70S6kinase (pS6K) and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1 (4EBP1). By using AMPK-null and AMPK-WT (MEFs), we found that AMPK is required for honokiol-mediated modulation of pACC-pS6K. Intriguingly, we discovered that honokiol treatment increased the expression and cytoplasmic translocation of tumor-suppressor LKB1 in breast cancer cells. LKB1 knockdown inhibited honokiol-mediated activation of AMPK and, more important, inhibition of migration and invasion of breast cancer cells. Furthermore, honokiol treatment resulted in inhibition of breast tumorigenesis in vivo. Analysis of tumors showed significant increases in the levels of cytoplasmic LKB1 and phospho-AMPK in honokiol-treated tumors. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these data provide the first in vitro and in vivo evidence of the integral role of the LKB1-AMPK axis in honokiol-mediated inhibition of the invasion and migration of breast cancer cells. In conclusion, honokiol treatment could potentially be a rational therapeutic strategy for breast carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arumugam Nagalingam
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore MD 21231, USA
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Tian XY, Wong WT, Leung FP, Zhang Y, Wang YX, Lee HK, Ng CF, Chen ZY, Yao X, Au CL, Lau CW, Vanhoutte PM, Cooke JP, Huang Y. Oxidative stress-dependent cyclooxygenase-2-derived prostaglandin f(2α) impairs endothelial function in renovascular hypertensive rats. Antioxid Redox Signal 2012; 16:363-73. [PMID: 21951274 PMCID: PMC3584508 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2010.3874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Abstract Aims: The role of endothelium-derived contracting factors (EDCFs) in regulating renovascular function is yet to be elucidated in renovascular hypertension (RH). The current study investigated whether oxidative stress-dependent cyclooxygenase (COX)-2-derived prostaglandin F(2α) (PGF(2α)) impairs endothelial function in renal arteries of renovascular hypertensive rats (RHR). RESULTS Renal hypertension was induced in rats by renal artery stenosis of both kidneys using the 2-kidney 2-clip model. Acute treatment with reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers, COX-2 inhibitors, and thromboxane-prostanoid receptor antagonists, but not COX-1 inhibitors, improved endothelium-dependent relaxations and eliminated endothelium-dependent contractions in RHR renal arteries. Five weeks of treatment with celecoxib or tempol reduced blood pressure, increased renal blood flow, and restored endothelial function in RHRs. Increased ROS production in RHR arteries was inhibited by ROS scavengers, but unaffected by COX-2 inhibitors; whereas increased PGF(2α) release was reduced by both ROS scavengers and COX-2 inhibitors. ROS also induced COX-2-dependent contraction in RHR renal arteries, which was accompanied by the release of COX-2-derived PGF(2α). Further, chronic tempol treatment reduced COX-2 and BMP4 upregulation, p38MAPK phosphorylation, and the nitrotyrosine level in RHR renal arteries. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate the functional importance of oxidative stress, which serves as an initiator of increased COX-2 activity, and that COX-2-derived PGF(2α) plays an important role in mediating endothelial dysfunction in RH. INNOVATION The current study, thus, suggests that drugs targeting oxidative stress-dependent COX-2-derived PGF(2α) may be useful in the prevention and management of RH. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 16, 363-373.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yu Tian
- Institute of Vascular Medicine, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Minimizing the cancer-promotional activity of cox-2 as a central strategy in cancer prevention. Med Hypotheses 2012; 78:45-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2011.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2011] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Chiang CK, Sheu ML, Lin YW, Wu CT, Yang CC, Chen MW, Hung KY, Wu KD, Liu SH. Honokiol ameliorates renal fibrosis by inhibiting extracellular matrix and pro-inflammatory factors in vivo and in vitro. Br J Pharmacol 2011; 163:586-97. [PMID: 21265825 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01242.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Renal fibrosis acts as the common pathway leading to the development of end-stage renal disease. The present study investigated, in vivo and in vitro, the anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects, particularly on the epithelial to mesenchymal transition of renal tubular cells, exerted by honokiol, a phytochemical used in traditional medicine, and mechanisms underlying these effects. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Anti-fibrotic effects in vivo were assayed in a rat model of renal fibrosis [the unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model]. A rat tubular epithelial cell line (NRK-52E) was stimulated by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and treated with honokiol to explore possible mechanisms of these anti-fibrotic effects. Gene or protein expression was analysed by Northern or Western blotting. Transcriptional regulation was investigated using luciferase activity driven by a connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) promoter. KEY RESULTS Honokiol slowed development of renal fibrosis both in vivo and in vitro. Honokiol treatment attenuated tubulointerstitial fibrosis and expression of pro-fibrotic factors in the UUO model. Honokiol also decreased expression of the mRNA for the chemokine CCL2 and for the intracellular adhesion molecule-1, as well as accumulation of type I (α1) collagen and fibronectin in UUO kidneys. Phosphorylation of Smad-2/3 induced by TGF-β1 and CTGF luciferase activity in renal tubular cells were also inhibited by honokiol. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Honokiol suppressed expression of pro-fibrotic and pro-inflammatory factors and of extracellular matrix proteins. Honokiol may become a therapeutic agent to prevent renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Kang Chiang
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Comparison of antioxidant abilities of magnolol and honokiol to scavenge radicals and to protect DNA. Biochimie 2011; 93:1755-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2011.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2011] [Accepted: 06/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Li CY, Chao LK, Wang SC, Chang HZ, Tsai ML, Fang SH, Liao PC, Ho CL, Chen ST, Cheng WC, Chiang CS, Kuo YH, Hua KF, Hsu IC. Honokiol inhibits LPS-induced maturation and inflammatory response of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells. J Cell Physiol 2011; 226:2338-49. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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