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Oliveira BDS, Toscano ECDB, Abreu LKS, Fernandes HDB, Amorim RF, Ferreira RN, Machado CA, Carvalho BC, da Silva MCM, de Oliveira ACP, Rachid MA, Rocha NP, Teixeira AL, da Silva ER, de Miranda AS. Nigrostriatal Inflammation Is Associated with Nonmotor Symptoms in an Experimental Model of Prodromal Parkinson's Disease. Neuroscience 2024; 549:65-75. [PMID: 38750924 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Recent evidence has supported a pathogenic role for neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease (PD). Inflammatory response has been associated with symptoms and subtypes of PD. However, it is unclear whether immune changes are involved in the initial pathogenesis of PD, leading to the non-motor symptoms (NMS) observed in its prodromal stage. The current study aimed to characterize the behavioral and cognitive changes in a toxin-induced model of prodromal PD-like syndrome. We also sought to investigate the role of neuroinflammation in prodromal PD-related NMS. Male mice were subjected to bilateral intranasal infusion with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) or saline (control group), followed by comprehensive behavioral, pathological and neurochemical analysis. Intranasal MPTP infusion was able to cause the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). In parallel, it induced impairment in olfactory discrimination and social memory consolidation, compulsive and anxiety-like behaviors, but did not influence motor performance. Iba-1 and GFAP expressions were increased in the SN, suggesting an activated state of microglia and astrocytes. Consistent with this, MPTP mice had increased levels of IL-10 and IL-17A, and decreased levels of BDNF and TrkA mRNA in the SN. The striatum showed increased IL-17A, BDNF, and NFG levels compared to control mice. In conclusion, neuroinflammation may play an important role in the early stage of experimental PD-like syndrome, leading to cognitive and behavioral changes. Our results also indicate that intranasal administration of MPTP may represent a valuable mouse model for prodromal PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna da Silva Oliveira
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia "Conceição Machado", Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Eliana Cristina de Brito Toscano
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Larissa Katharina Sabino Abreu
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia "Conceição Machado", Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Heliana de Barros Fernandes
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia "Conceição Machado", Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Renan Florindo Amorim
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia "Conceição Machado", Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Novaes Ferreira
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia "Conceição Machado", Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Caroline Amaral Machado
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia "Conceição Machado", Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Brener Cunha Carvalho
- Laboratório de Genes Inflamatórios, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Maria Carolina Machado da Silva
- Laboratório de Neurofarmacologia, Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Antônio Carlos Pinheiro de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Neurofarmacologia, Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Milene Alvarenga Rachid
- Laboratório de Patologia Celular e Molecular, Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Natália Pessoa Rocha
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, USA
| | - Antônio Lúcio Teixeira
- Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa, Santa Casa BH, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Neuropsychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, USA
| | - Elizabeth Ribeiro da Silva
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia "Conceição Machado", Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Aline Silva de Miranda
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia "Conceição Machado", Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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Zhao Y, Shen W, Zhang M, Guo M, Dou Y, Han S, Yu J, Cui M, Zhao Y. DDAH-1 maintains endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria contacts and protects dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:399. [PMID: 38849335 PMCID: PMC11161642 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06772-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
The loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra is a hallmark of pathology in Parkinson's disease (PD). Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1 (DDAH-1) is the critical enzyme responsible for the degradation of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) which inhibits nitric oxide (NO) synthase and has been implicated in neurodegeneration. Mitochondrial dysfunction, particularly in the mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane (MAM), plays a critical role in this process, although the specific molecular target has not yet been determined. This study aims to examine the involvement of DDAH-1 in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway and PD pathogenesis. The distribution of DDAH-1 in the brain and its colocalization with dopaminergic neurons were observed. The loss of dopaminergic neurons and aggravated locomotor disability after rotenone (ROT) injection were showed in the DDAH-1 knockout rat. L-arginine (ARG) and NO donors were employed to elucidate the role of NO respectively. In vitro, we investigated the effects of DDAH-1 knockdown or overexpression on cell viability and mitochondrial functions, as well as modulation of ADMA/NO levels using ADMA or ARG. MAM formation was assessed by the Mitofusin2 oligomerization and the mitochondrial ubiquitin ligase (MITOL) phosphorylation. We found that DDAH-1 downregulation resulted in enhanced cell death and mitochondrial dysfunctions, accompanied by elevated ADMA and reduced NO levels. However, the recovered NO level after the ARG supplement failed to exhibit a protective effect on mitochondrial functions and partially restored cell viability. DDAH-1 overexpression prevented ROT toxicity, while ADMA treatment attenuated these protective effects. The declines of MAM formation in ROT-treated cells were exacerbated by DDAH-1 downregulation via reduced MITOL phosphorylation, which was reversed by DDAH-1 overexpression. Together, the abundant expression of DDAH-1 in nigral dopaminergic neurons may exert neuroprotective effects by maintaining MAM formation and mitochondrial function probably via ADMA, indicating the therapeutic potential of targeting DDAH-1 for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Shen
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Minjie Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Guo
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunxiao Dou
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sida Han
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jintai Yu
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Mei Cui
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yanxin Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Çetin B, Kılınç M, Çakmaklı GY. The effects of exergames on upper extremity performance, trunk mobility, gait, balance, and cognition in Parkinson's disease: a randomized controlled study. Acta Neurol Belg 2024; 124:853-863. [PMID: 38182919 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-023-02451-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, game-based exercises have been included more in the rehabilitation programs of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and positive effects have been observed. AIM This study aims to investigate the effects of innovative games particularly designed for neurological patients on upper extremity performance, trunk mobility and cognition in patients with PD. METHOD Twenty-three patients were enrolled in this randomized controlled study and randomly allocated into two groups: Exergames Program (EP) and Conventional Exercise Program (CP). Both groups received supervised physiotherapy sessions for 3 days a week and 8 weeks in total (24 sessions). Each session lasted 1 h. Evaluations were applied before and after the treatment: 9-Hole Peg Test (9-HPT), Minnesota Manual Dexterity Test (MMDT), Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS), Timed Up and Go (TUG), Functional Reach Test (FRT), and Parkinson Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39). RESULTS Twenty patients were included in the analysis because of the dropouts. Our findings showed that both groups improved significantly in 9-HPT dominant side, MMDT, TIS, MDS-UPDRS, TUG, FRT, and PDQ-39 (p < 0.05). MoCA scores of EP group improved significantly (p < 0.05) while CP group's did not (p > 0.05). It was found that EP group had better improvements in 9-HPT dominant side, MMDT turning test, and MoCA than CP group when the differences in the changes within the groups were compared (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Game-based training can be a useful rehabilitation tool to improve upper extremities performance, trunk mobility, cognition, functional mobility, balance, and quality of life and may have superiority over conventional exercises in improving cognition and upper extremity functions. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER NCT05235880. Release Date: April 1, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barış Çetin
- Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Muhammed Kılınç
- Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gül Yalçın Çakmaklı
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Jia Q, Li J, Guo X, Li Y, Wu Y, Peng Y, Fang Z, Zhang X. Neuroprotective effects of chaperone-mediated autophagy in neurodegenerative diseases. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1291-1298. [PMID: 37905878 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.385848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Chaperone-mediated autophagy is one of three types of autophagy and is characterized by the selective degradation of proteins. Chaperone-mediated autophagy contributes to energy balance and helps maintain cellular homeostasis, while providing nutrients and support for cell survival. Chaperone-mediated autophagy activity can be detected in almost all cells, including neurons. Owing to the extreme sensitivity of neurons to their environmental changes, maintaining neuronal homeostasis is critical for neuronal growth and survival. Chaperone-mediated autophagy dysfunction is closely related to central nervous system diseases. It has been shown that neuronal damage and cell death are accompanied by chaperone-mediated autophagy dysfunction. Under certain conditions, regulation of chaperone-mediated autophagy activity attenuates neurotoxicity. In this paper, we review the changes in chaperone-mediated autophagy in neurodegenerative diseases, brain injury, glioma, and autoimmune diseases. We also summarize the most recent research progress on chaperone-mediated autophagy regulation and discuss the potential of chaperone-mediated autophagy as a therapeutic target for central nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine and Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine and Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine and Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine and Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - You Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine and Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yuliang Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine and Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zongping Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine and Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xijing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine and Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
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Wang X, Zhang W. IRL790 modulated striatal D1 neurons synaptic plasticity ameliorating levodopa-induced dyskinesia in mouse. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1401991. [PMID: 38872625 PMCID: PMC11169859 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1401991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Levodopa (L-dopa) therapy is the principal pharmacological treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD). Nevertheless, prolonged use of this drug may result in different involuntary movement symptoms caused by the medication, referred to as levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID). LID is associated with changes in synaptic plasticity of the D1 medium spiny neurons (MSNs) located in the dorsal striatum (dStr). Within the striatum, the amount of Dopamine D3 receptor (D3R) is notably increased in LID, demonstrating colocalization with D1R expression in neurons, and the level of D3R expression is directly related to the intensity of LID. IRL 790, as a D3R antagonist, can ameliorate LID. This study aims to explore if IRL 790 improves LID by regulating the synaptic plasticity of D1+ MSNs in dStr. Methods The electrophysiology and synaptic spine density of D1+ MSNs in dStr were recorded for sham mice, LID mice, and LID mice treated with IRL 790. The regulation of synaptic plasticity in LID D1+ MSNs by IRL 790 was analyzed. Behavioral tests were conducted to confirm the treatment effect of IRL 790 on LID. Results In LID D1+ MSNs, there was persistent abnormal LTP, absence of LTD, and an increase in spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs). IRL 790 treatment restored normal LTP, LTD, and sEPSCs. Treatment with IRL 790 also restored the reduced dendritic spine density in D1+ MSNs of LID mice. IRL790 improved dyskinetic manifestations in LID mice. Conclusion IRL790 ameliorates LID by regulating the synaptic structure and functional plasticity of striatal D1+ MSNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Wang
- Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wangming Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Zhang C, Zhou J, Zhuo L, Zhang W, Lv L, Zhu L, Zhang J, Feng F, Liu W, Han L, Liao W. The TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways mediate the neuroprotective effects of alkaloids extracted from Uncaria rhynchophylla in Parkinson's disease. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118391. [PMID: 38797377 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder with limited therapeutic options available. Neuroinflammation plays an important role in the occurrence and development of PD. Alkaloids extracted from Uncaria rhynchophylla (URA), have emerged as a potential neuroprotective agent because of its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism by which URA exerts neuroprotective effects in PD remains obscure. AIM OF THE STUDY The main aim of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects and underlying mechanism of URA in the treatment of PD through in vivo and in vitro models, focusing on the neuroinflammation and oxidative stress pathways. MATERIALS AND METHODS The protective effects of URA against PD were evaluated by neurobehavioral tests, immunohistochemistry, serum biochemical assays, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD mice. The role of the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway and the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in URA-mediated effects was examined in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV-2 microglial cells and a microglia-neuron coculture system. RESULTS URA significantly alleviated motor deficits and dopaminergic neurotoxicity, and reversed the abnormal secretion of inflammatory and oxidative stress factors in the serum of MPTP-induced mice. URA suppressed the gene expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), NOD-like receptor protein 3, and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) in the striatum of PD mice. Further studies indicated that URA inhibited activation of the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway and enhanced activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and reversed the secretion of inflammatory mediators in LPS-stimulated BV-2 microglial cells, thereby alleviating neuroinflammatory damage to SH-SY5Y neuronal cells. CONCLUSION URA exerted neuroprotective effects against PD mainly by the inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway and activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidant pathway, highlighting URA as a promising candidate for PD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxia Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jiayu Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Lingxin Zhuo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Wenxin Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Lingrui Lv
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Lingmeng Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jiayi Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Feng Feng
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Wenyuan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Zhejiang Center for safety study of drug substances (Industrial Technology Innovation Platform), Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Lingfei Han
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Wenting Liao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Lei J, He W, Liu Y, Zhang Q, Liu Y, Ou Q, Wu X, Li F, Liao J, Xiao Y. The potential protective role of Parkinson's disease against hypothyroidism: co-localisation and bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1377719. [PMID: 38808034 PMCID: PMC11130391 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1377719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The association between hypothyroidism and Parkinson's disease (PD) has sparked intense debate in the medical community due to conflicting study results. A better understanding of this association is crucial because of its potential implications for both pathogenesis and treatment strategies. Methods To elucidate this complex relationship, we used Bayesian co-localisation (COLOC) and bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. COLOC was first used to determine whether hypothyroidism and PD share a common genetic basis. Subsequently, genetic variants served as instrumental variables in a bidirectional MR to explore causal interactions between these conditions. Results COLOC analysis revealed no shared genetic variants between hypothyroidism and PD, with a posteriori probability of hypothesis 4 (PPH4) = 0.025. Furthermore, MR analysis indicated that hypothyroidism does not have a substantial causal effect on PD (OR = 0.990, 95% CI = 0.925, 1.060, p = 0.774). Conversely, PD appears to have a negative causal effect on hypothyroidism (OR = 0.776, 95% CI = 0.649, 0.928, p = 0.005). Conclusion Our findings suggest the absence of shared genetic variants between hypothyroidism and PD. Interestingly, PD may inversely influence the risk of developing hypothyroidism, a finding that may inform future research and clinical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Lei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Wenxuan He
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qinxin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yingyao Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qican Ou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xianli Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First People’s Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, China
| | - Fenglin Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiajia Liao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Jiangbin Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Yousheng Xiao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Li L, Chen Z, Hao C. Neuroprotective effects of polyphyllin VI against rotenone-induced toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. Brain Res 2024; 1830:148824. [PMID: 38417654 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A substantial body of evidence is drawing connections between Parkinson's disease (PD) and the phenomena of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Polyphyllin VI (PPVI), an active compound found in Rhizoma Paridis-commonly known as Chonglou (CL) in China, has been identified for its various pharmacological properties, including anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory effects. OBJECTIVE In the present study, an in vitro model of PD was established by treating SH-SY5Y cells with rotenone (ROT), to evaluate the potential neuroprotective effects of polyphyllin VI and its underlying mechanism. METHODS SH-SY5Y cells were treated with ROT to establish an in vitro model of PD. The effects of polyphyllin VI on cell viability were assessed using the resazurin assay. Cell morphology was examined using a microscope. The YO-PRO-1/PI was used to detect apoptosis. Mito-Tracker Red CMXRos, Mito-Tracker Green, and JC-1 were used to detect the effects of polyphyllin Ⅵ on mitochondrial viability, morphology, and function. Oxidative stress-related marker detection kits were used to identify the effects of polyphyllin VI on oxidative stress. Western blot analysis was employed to investigate the signaling pathways associated with neuroprotection. RESULTS PPVI increased ROT-induced SH-SY5Y cell viability and improved ROT-induced cellular morphological changes. PPVI ameliorated ROT-induced oxidative stress status, and attenuated mitochondrial function and morphological changes. PPVI may exert neuroprotective effects through FOXO3α/CREB1/DJ-1-related signaling pathways. CONCLUSION These preliminary findings suggested that PPVI possesses neuroprotective attributes in vitro, and it may be a potential candidate for PD treatment. However, extensive research is necessary to fully understand the mechanisms of PPVI and its effectiveness both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanxin Li
- Medical Research Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zhengqian Chen
- Medical Research Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Cui Hao
- Medical Research Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China.
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Xu F, Bian N, Li X. SNHG14 Elevates NFAT5 Expression Through Sequestering miR-375-3p to Promote MPP + -Induced Neuronal Apoptosis, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress in Parkinson's Disease. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:1212-1225. [PMID: 38381247 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04106-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons. LncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 14 (SNHG14) was found to promote neuron injury in PD. Here, we investigated the mechanisms of SNHG14 in PD process. In vivo or in vitro PD model was established by using 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced mice or 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP +)-stimulated SK-N-SH cells. The expression of genes and proteins was measured by qRT-PCR and Western blot. In vitro assays were conducted using ELISA, CCK-8, colony formation, EdU, flow cytometry, and Western blot assays, respectively. The oxidative stress was evaluated by determining the production of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA). The direct interactions between miR-375-3p and NFAT5 (Nuclear factor of activated T-cells 5) or SNHG14 was verified using dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays. SNHG14 and NFAT5 were elevated, while miR-375-3p was decreased in MPTP-mediated PD mouse model and MPP + -induced SK-N-SH cells. Knockdown of SNHG14 or NFAT5, or overexpression of miR-375-3p reversed MPP + -induced neuronal apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Mechanistically, SNHG14 directly bound to miR-375, which targeted NFAT5. Inhibition of miR-375-3p abolished the inhibitory activity of SNHG14 knockdown on MPP + -evoked neuronal damage. Besides that, NFAT5 up-regulation counteracted the effects of miR-375-3p on MPP + -mediated neuronal damage. SNHG14 contributed to MPP + -induced neuronal injury by miR-375/NFAT5 axis, suggesting a new insight into the pathogenesis of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furong Xu
- Department of Neurology, Chengdu Seventh People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Na Bian
- Department of Neurology, Baoji City People's Hospital, Baoji, 721000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuewen Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Dingxi City, 22 Anding Road, Anding District, Dingxi, 743000, Gansu, China.
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Zhou K, Xu S. Corydaline alleviates Parkinson's disease by regulating autophagy and GSK-3β phosphorylation. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2024; 241:1027-1036. [PMID: 38289512 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-024-06536-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Jitai tablet, a traditional Chinese medicine, has a neuroprotective effect on 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced Parkinson's disease (PD) mice. As one of the main active ingredients in the Jitai tablet, corydaline (Cory) has analgesic and anti-allergic effects, but it has not been studied in PD. Here, we investigated the role and mechanism of Cory in PD. METHODS The PD model was induced by MPTP. Cell viability was measured by 3-(4, 5)-dimethylthiahiazo (-z-y1)-3, 5-di-phenytetrazoliumromide assay. The Pole test and traction test were performed to detect the behaviors of mice. The expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (Th) was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Immunofluorescence staining, monodansylcadaverine staining, and Western blot were conducted to assess autophagy. A lactic dehydrogenase release assay was used to detect cytotoxicity. Network pharmacology was used to screen the targets. RESULTS There existed cytotoxicity when the concentration of Cory reached 40 μg/mL. Cory (not exceeding 20 μg/mL) could alleviate MPTP-induced cell damage. In vivo experiments indicated that Cory could improve the motor coordination of mice with PD. Besides, Cory could increase LC3-II/LC3-I levels both in vivo and in vitro. In addition, the Th levels reduced in the striatum and middle brain tissues of Parkinson's mice were recovered by Cory injection. We also found that Cory decreased the phosphorylation of glucogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β) at Tyr216 and increased the phosphorylation of GSK-3β at Ser9 not only in primary neurons and SH-SY5Y cells but also in the striatum and middle brain tissues. Furthermore, Cory increased LC3-II/LC3-I levels and decreased p62 levels by regulating GSK-3β. CONCLUSION Cory enhanced autophagy, attenuated MPTP-induced cytotoxicity, and alleviated PD partly through the regulation of GSK-3β phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaikai Zhou
- School of Energy and Intelligence Engineering, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, No. 6 Longzihu North Road, Zhengzhou City, 454000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shasha Xu
- the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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11
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Sandoval A, Duran P, Corzo-López A, Fernández-Gallardo M, Muñoz-Herrera D, Leyva-Leyva M, González-Ramírez R, Felix R. The role of voltage-gated calcium channels in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Int J Neurosci 2024; 134:452-461. [PMID: 35993158 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2022.2115905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Aim: Voltage-gated calcium (CaV) channels play an essential role in maintaining calcium homeostasis and regulating numerous physiological processes in neurons. Therefore, dysregulation of calcium signaling is relevant in many neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD). This review aims to introduce the role of CaV channels in PD and discuss some novel aspects of channel regulation and its impact on the molecular pathophysiology of the disease. Methods: an exhaustive search of the literature in the field was carried out using the PubMed database of The National Center for Biotechnology Information. Systematic searches were performed from the initial date of publication to May 2022. Results: Although α-synuclein aggregates are the main feature of PD, L-type calcium (CaV1) channels seem to play an essential role in the pathogenesis of PD. Changes in the functional expression of CaV1.3 channels alter Calcium homeostasis and contribute to the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. Furthermore, recent studies suggest that CaV channel trafficking towards the cell membrane depends on the activity of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). In PD, there is an increase in the expression of L-type channels associated with a decrease in the expression of Parkin, an E3 enzyme of the UPS. Therefore, a link between Parkin and CaV channels could play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of PD and, as such, could be a potentially attractive target for therapeutic intervention. Conclusion: The study of alterations in the functional expression of CaV channels will provide a framework to understand better the neurodegenerative processes that occur in PD and a possible path toward identifying new therapeutic targets to treat this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Sandoval
- School of Medicine FES Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Tlalnepantla, Mexico
| | - Paz Duran
- Department of Cell Biology, Centre for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Corzo-López
- Department of Cell Biology, Centre for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - David Muñoz-Herrera
- Department of Cell Biology, Centre for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Margarita Leyva-Leyva
- Department of Molecular Biology and Histocompatibility, "Dr. Manuel Gea González" General Hospital, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ricardo González-Ramírez
- Department of Molecular Biology and Histocompatibility, "Dr. Manuel Gea González" General Hospital, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Felix
- Department of Cell Biology, Centre for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico
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12
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Elford JD, Becht N, Garssen J, Kraneveld AD, Perez-Pardo P. Buty and the beast: the complex role of butyrate in Parkinson's disease. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1388401. [PMID: 38694925 PMCID: PMC11061429 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1388401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease which is often associated with gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction. The GI tract is home to a wide range of microorganisms, among which bacteria, that can influence the host through various mechanisms. Products produced by these bacteria can act in the gut but can also exert effects in the brain via what is now well established to be the microbiota-gut-brain axis. In those with PD the gut-bacteria composition is often found to be different to that of non-PD individuals. In addition to compositional changes, the metabolic activity of the gut-microbiota is also changed in PD. Specifically, it is often reported that key producers of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as well as the concentration of SCFAs themselves are altered in the stool and blood of those with PD. These SCFAs, among which butyrate, are essential nutrients for the host and are a major energy source for epithelial cells of the GI tract. Additionally, butyrate plays a key role in regulating various host responses particularly in relation to inflammation. Studies have demonstrated that a reduction in butyrate levels can have a critical role in the onset and progression of PD. Furthermore, it has been shown that restoring butyrate levels in those with PD through methods such as probiotics, prebiotics, sodium butyrate supplementation, and fecal transplantation can have a beneficial effect on both motor and non-motor outcomes of the disease. This review presents an overview of evidence for the altered gut-bacteria composition and corresponding metabolite production in those with PD, with a particular focus on the SCFA butyrate. In addition to presenting current studies regarding SCFA in clinical and preclinical reports, evidence for the possibility to target butyrate production using microbiome based approaches in a therapeutic context is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D. Elford
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Nanette Becht
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Johan Garssen
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Aletta D. Kraneveld
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Paula Perez-Pardo
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Ahmad F, Sachdeva P, Sachdeva B, Singh G, Soni H, Tandon S, Rafeeq MM, Alam MZ, Baeissa HM, Khalid M. Dioxinodehydroeckol: A Potential Neuroprotective Marine Compound Identified by In Silico Screening for the Treatment and Management of Multiple Brain Disorders. Mol Biotechnol 2024; 66:663-686. [PMID: 36513873 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-022-00629-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Parkinson's disease (PD) are some of the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorders in humans. Even after a variety of advanced therapies, prognosis of all these disorders is not favorable, with survival rates of 14-20 months only. To further improve the prognosis of these disorders, it is imperative to discover new compounds which will target effector proteins involved in these disorders. In this study, we have focused on in silico screening of marine compounds against multiple target proteins involved in AD, GBM, ALS, and PD. Fifty marine-origin compounds were selected from literature, out of which, thirty compounds passed ADMET parameters. Ligand docking was performed after ADMET analysis for AD, GBM, ALS, and PD-associated proteins in which four protein targets Keap1, Ephrin A2, JAK3 Kinase domain, and METTL3-METTL14 N6-methyladenosine methyltransferase (MTA70) were found to be binding strongly with the screened compound Dioxinodehydroeckol (DHE). Molecular dynamics simulations were performed at 100 ns with triplicate runs to validate the docking score and assess the dynamics of DHE interactions with each target protein. The results indicated Dioxinodehydroeckol, a novel marine compound, to be a putative inhibitor among all the screened molecules, which might be effective against multiple target proteins involved in neurological disorders, requiring further in vitro and in vivo validations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faizan Ahmad
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard University, Delhi, India.
| | - Punya Sachdeva
- Amity Institute of Neuropsychology and Neurosciences, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bhuvi Sachdeva
- Department of Physics and Astrophysics, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Gagandeep Singh
- Section of Microbiology, Central Ayurveda Research Institute, CCRAS, Ministry of AYUSH, Jhansi, India
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, India Institute of Technology, Delhi, India
| | - Hemant Soni
- Section of Microbiology, Central Ayurveda Research Institute, CCRAS, Ministry of AYUSH, Jhansi, India
| | - Smriti Tandon
- Section of Microbiology, Central Ayurveda Research Institute, CCRAS, Ministry of AYUSH, Jhansi, India
| | - Misbahuddin M Rafeeq
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Zubair Alam
- Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanadi M Baeissa
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Khalid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
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Olubodun-Obadun TG, Ishola IO, Folarin OR, Oladoja FA, Gilbert TT, Aniekwensi IM, Bisiriyu A, Joseph-Iwebi NA, Adebanjo FO, Olopade JO, Adeyemi OO. Cajanus cajan (L) Millsp seeds extract prevents rotenone-induced motor- and non-motor features of Parkinson disease in mice: Insight into mechanisms of neuroprotection. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 322:117623. [PMID: 38128890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cajanus cajan (L) Millsp (Fabaceae) seed decoction is used by traditional healers in Nigeria as nerve tonic, hence, could be beneficial in the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD), a progressive and debilitating neurodegenerative disease that imposes great burden on the healthcare system globally. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed at investigating the neuroprotective effect of ethanol seed extract of Cajanus cajan (CC) in the treatment of rotenone-induced motor symptoms and non-motor symptoms associated with PD. MATERIALS AND METHODS To assess the protective action of CC on rotenone-induced motor- and non-motor symptoms of PD, mice were first pretreated with CC (50, 100 or 200 mg/kg, p.o.) an hour before oral administration of rotenone (1 mg/kg, p.o, 0.5% in carboxyl-methylcellulose) for 28 consecutive days and weekly behavioural tests including motor assessment (open field test (OFT), rotarod, pole and cylinder tests) and non-motor assessment (novel object recognition (NOR), Y-maze test (YM), forced swim and tail suspension, gastric emptying and intestinal fluid accumulation tests) were carried out. The animals were euthanized on day 28 followed by the collection of brain for assessment of oxidative stress, inflammatory markers and immunohistochemical analysis of the striatum (STR) and substantia nigra (SN). Phytochemicals earlier isolated from CC were docked with protein targets linked with PD pathology such as; catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and Leucine rich receptor kinase (LRRK). RESULTS this study showed that CC significantly reduced rotenone-induced spontaneous motor impairment in OFT, pole, cylinder and rotarod tests in mice as well as significant improvement in non-motor features (significant reversal of rotenone-induced deficits discrimination index and spontaneous alternation behaviour in NORT and YM test, respectively, reduction in immobility time in forced swim/tail suspension test, gastrointestinal disturbance in intestinal transit time in mice. Moreso, rotenone-induced neurodegeneration, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation were significantly attenuated by CC administration. In addition, docking analysis showed significant binding affinity of CC phytochemicals with COMT, TH and LRRK2 receptors. CONCLUSION Cajanus cajan seeds extract prevented both motor and non-motor features of Parkinson disease in mice through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Hence, could be a potential phytotherapeutic adjunct in the management of Parkinson disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiwo G Olubodun-Obadun
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics, and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos state, Nigeria
| | - Ismail O Ishola
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics, and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos state, Nigeria.
| | - Oluwabusayo R Folarin
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria
| | - Farouk A Oladoja
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | | | - Ifunanya M Aniekwensi
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics, and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos state, Nigeria
| | - Afolabi Bisiriyu
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics, and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos state, Nigeria
| | - Nkem A Joseph-Iwebi
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics, and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos state, Nigeria
| | - Foluke O Adebanjo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - James O Olopade
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olufunmilayo O Adeyemi
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics, and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos state, Nigeria
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Chang WH, Hsu HT, Lin CC, An LM, Lee CH, Ko HH, Lin CL, Lo YC. Linalool, a Fragrance Compound in Plants, Protects Dopaminergic Neurons and Improves Motor Function and Skeletal Muscle Strength in Experimental Models of Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2514. [PMID: 38473763 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the gradual loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), resulting in reduced dopamine levels in the striatum and eventual onset of motor symptoms. Linalool (3,7-dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol) is a monoterpene in aromatic plants exhibiting antioxidant, antidepressant, and anti-anxiety properties. The objective of this study is to evaluate the neuroprotective impacts of linalool on dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells, primary mesencephalic and cortical neurons treated with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+), as well as in PD-like mice induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). Cell viability, α-tubulin staining, western blotting, immunohistochemistry and behavioral experiments were performed. In MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells, linalool increased cell viability, reduced neurite retraction, enhanced antioxidant defense by downregulation of apoptosis signaling (B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), cleaved caspase-3 and poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP)) and phagocyte NADPH oxidase (gp91phox), as well as upregulation of neurotrophic signaling (brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF)) and nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway. In MPP+-treated primary mesencephalic neurons, linalool enhanced the expressions of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), Sirtuin 1 (SirT1), and parkin. In MPP+-treated primary cortical neurons, linalool upregulated protein expression of SirT1, γ-Aminobutyric acid type A-α1 (GABAA-α1), and γ-Aminobutyric acid type B (GABAB). In PD-like mice, linalool attenuated the loss of dopamine neurons in SNpc. Linalool improved the motor and nonmotor behavioral deficits and muscle strength of PD-like mice. These findings suggest that linalool potentially protects dopaminergic neurons and improves the impairment symptoms of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Hsuan Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Te Hsu
- Department of Anesthesia, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Li-Mei An
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsing Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Huey Ko
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Lung Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Lo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
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16
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Xie Y, Li S, Wu D, Wang Y, Chen J, Duan L, Li S, Li Y. Vitamin K: Infection, Inflammation, and Auto-Immunity. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:1147-1160. [PMID: 38406326 PMCID: PMC10893789 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s445806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin K (VK) comprises a group of substances with chlorophyll quinone bioactivity and exists in nature in the form of VK1 and VK2. As its initial recognition originated from the ability to promote blood coagulation, it is known as the coagulation vitamin. However, based on extensive research, VK has shown potential for the prevention and treatment of various diseases. Studies demonstrating the beneficial effects of VK on immunity, antioxidant capacity, intestinal microbiota regulation, epithelial development, and bone protection have drawn growing interest in recent years. This review article focuses on the mechanism of action of VK and its potential preventive and therapeutic effects on infections (eg, asthma, COVID-19), inflammation (eg, in type 2 diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cancer, aging, atherosclerosis) and autoimmune disorders (eg, inflammatory bowel disease, type 1 diabetes mellitus, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis). In addition, VK-dependent proteins (VKDPs) are another crucial mechanism by which VK exerts anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. This review explores the potential role of VK in preventing aging, combating neurological abnormalities, and treating diseases such as cancer and diabetes. Although current research appoints VK as a therapeutic tool for practical clinical applications in infections, inflammation, and autoimmune diseases, future research is necessary to elucidate the mechanism of action in more detail and overcome current limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shifang Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dinan Wu
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yining Wang
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiepeng Chen
- Sungen Bioscience Co., Ltd, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lili Duan
- Sungen Bioscience Co., Ltd, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuzhuang Li
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuyuan Li
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
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17
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Sharma P, Mittal P. Paraquat (herbicide) as a cause of Parkinson's Disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2024; 119:105932. [PMID: 38008593 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2023.105932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
The four features of Parkinson's disease (PD), which also manifests other non-motor symptoms, are bradykinesia, tremor, postural instability, and stiffness. The pathogenic causes of Parkinsonism include Lewy bodies, intracellular protein clumps of αsynuclein, and the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra's pars compacta region. The pathophysiology of PD is still poorly understood due to the complexity of the illness. The apoptotic cell death of neurons in PD, however, has been linked to a variety of intracellular mechanisms, according to a wide spectrum of study. The endoplasmic reticulum's stress, decreased levels of neurotrophic factors, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, catabolic alterations in dopamine, and decreased activity of tyrosine hydroxylase are some of these causes. The herbicide paraquat has been used in laboratory studies to create a variety of PD pathological features in numerous in-vitro and in-vivo animals. Due to the unique neurotoxicity that paraquat causes, understanding of the pathophysiology of PD has changed. Parkinson's disease (PD) is more likely to develop among people exposed to paraquat over an extended period of time, according to epidemiological studies. Thanks to this paradigm, the hunt for new therapy targets for PD has expanded. In both in-vitro and in-vivo models, the purpose of this study is to summarise the relationship between paraquat exposure and the onset of Parkinson's disease (PD).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Payal Mittal
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Mohali, Punjab, India.
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Somma T, Bove I, Vitulli F, Solari D, Bocchino A, Palmiero C, Scala MR, Zoia C, Cappabianca P, Esposito F. Gender gap in deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease: preliminary results of a retrospective study. Neurosurg Rev 2024; 47:63. [PMID: 38263479 PMCID: PMC10806036 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-024-02290-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) is an effective treatment of PD for both women and men. However, discussions have been reported about the impact of STN-DBS surgery in PD. The aim of our study is to identify differences between men and women in terms of pre- and post-DBS symptoms and try to explain the possible causes. In the current study, we evaluated the gender impact on STN-DBS in PD at the Department of Neurosurgery of University of Naples "Federico II" from 2013 to 2021. Motor and non-motor symptoms were evaluated. To compare the data before and after surgery and between the genders, Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney tests were performed. A total of 43 patients with PD were included; of them, 17 (39%) were female. Baseline evaluation revealed no gender differences in the age of onset (p = 0.87). Not significant differences were noted in the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) pre-surgery score, but if we consider UPDRS subscores of motor examination, significant clinical improvement was reported in both male and female in terms of UPDRS pre- and post-surgery (p < 0.001). STN-DBS is a highly effective treatment for motor and non-motor symptoms of PD for both women and men but our study hints towards gender-specific outcomes in motor domains. Improving our knowledge in this field can allow us to implement strategies to identify new directions in the development of an adequate treatment of PD in terms of surgical intervention and in consideration of the gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Somma
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Division of Neurosurgery, Università Degli Studi Di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bove
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Division of Neurosurgery, Università Degli Studi Di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy.
| | - Francesca Vitulli
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Division of Neurosurgery, Università Degli Studi Di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Solari
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Division of Neurosurgery, Università Degli Studi Di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Bocchino
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Division of Neurosurgery, Università Degli Studi Di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmela Palmiero
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Division of Neurosurgery, Università Degli Studi Di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Scala
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Division of Neurosurgery, Università Degli Studi Di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Cesare Zoia
- UOC Neurochirurgia, Ospedale Moriggia Pelascini, Gravedona Ed Uniti, Italy
| | - Paolo Cappabianca
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Division of Neurosurgery, Università Degli Studi Di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Felice Esposito
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Division of Neurosurgery, Università Degli Studi Di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Naoi M, Maruyama W, Shamoto-Nagai M, Riederer P. Toxic interactions between dopamine, α-synuclein, monoamine oxidase, and genes in mitochondria of Parkinson's disease. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2024:10.1007/s00702-023-02730-6. [PMID: 38196001 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-023-02730-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is characterized by its distinct pathological features; loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and accumulation of Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites containing modified α-synuclein. Beneficial effects of L-DOPA and dopamine replacement therapy indicate dopamine deficit as one of the main pathogenic factors. Dopamine and its oxidation products are proposed to induce selective vulnerability in dopamine neurons. However, Parkinson's disease is now considered as a generalized disease with dysfunction of several neurotransmitter systems caused by multiple genetic and environmental factors. The pathogenic factors include oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, α-synuclein accumulation, programmed cell death, impaired proteolytic systems, neuroinflammation, and decline of neurotrophic factors. This paper presents interactions among dopamine, α-synuclein, monoamine oxidase, its inhibitors, and related genes in mitochondria. α-Synuclein inhibits dopamine synthesis and function. Vice versa, dopamine oxidation by monoamine oxidase produces toxic aldehydes, reactive oxygen species, and quinones, which modify α-synuclein, and promote its fibril production and accumulation in mitochondria. Excessive dopamine in experimental models modifies proteins in the mitochondrial electron transport chain and inhibits the function. α-Synuclein and familiar Parkinson's disease-related gene products modify the expression and activity of monoamine oxidase. Type A monoamine oxidase is associated with neuroprotection by an unspecific dose of inhibitors of type B monoamine oxidase, rasagiline and selegiline. Rasagiline and selegiline prevent α-synuclein fibrillization, modulate this toxic collaboration, and exert neuroprotection in experimental studies. Complex interactions between these pathogenic factors play a decisive role in neurodegeneration in PD and should be further defined to develop new therapies for Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Naoi
- Department of Health and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aichi Gakuin University, 12 Araike, Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin, Aichi, 320-0195, Japan.
| | - Wakako Maruyama
- Department of Health and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aichi Gakuin University, 12 Araike, Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin, Aichi, 320-0195, Japan
| | - Masayo Shamoto-Nagai
- Department of Health and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aichi Gakuin University, 12 Araike, Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin, Aichi, 320-0195, Japan
| | - Peter Riederer
- Clinical Neurochemistry, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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20
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Liang J, Wan Z, Qian C, Rasheed M, Cao C, Sun J, Wang X, Chen Z, Deng Y. The pyroptosis mediated biomarker pattern: an emerging diagnostic approach for Parkinson's disease. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:7. [PMID: 38172670 PMCID: PMC10765853 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-023-00516-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) affects 1% of people over 60, and long-term levodopa treatment can cause side effects. Early diagnosis is of great significance in slowing down the pathological process of PD. Multiple pieces of evidence showed that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) could participate in the progression of PD pathology. Pyroptosis is known to be regulated by ncRNAs as a key pathological feature of PD. Therefore, evaluating ncRNAs and pyroptosis-related proteins in serum could be worthy biomarkers for early diagnosis of PD. METHODS NcRNAs and pyroptosis/inflammation mRNA levels were measured with reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Luciferase assays were performed to confirm GSDME as a target of miR-675-5p and HMGB1 as a target of miR-1247-5p. In the serum of healthy controls (n = 106) and PD patients (n = 104), RT-qPCR was utilized to assess miR-675-5p, miR-1247-5p, and two related ncRNAs (circSLC8A1and lncH19) levels. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay measured serum levels of pyroptosis-related proteins in controls (n = 54) and PD patients (n = 70). RESULTS Our data demonstrated that miR-675-5p and miR-1247-5p significantly changed in PD neuron and animal models. Overexpressed miR-675-5p or downregulated miR-1247-5p could regulate pyroptosis and inflammation in PD neuron models. Using the random forest algorithm, we constructed a classifier based on PD neuron-pyroptosis pathology (four ncRNAs and six proteins) having better predictive power than single biomarkers (AUC = 92%). Additionally, we verified the performance of the classifier in early-stage PD patients (AUC ≥ 88%). CONCLUSION Serum pyroptosis-related ncRNAs and proteins could serve as reliable, inexpensive, and non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers for PD. LIMITATIONS All participants were from the same region. Additionally, longitudinal studies in the aged population are required to explore the practical application value of the classifier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhan Liang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceuticals, School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhirong Wan
- Department of Neurology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Qian
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceuticals, School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Madiha Rasheed
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceuticals, School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Changling Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceuticals, School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyan Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuezhe Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceuticals, School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixuan Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceuticals, School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yulin Deng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceuticals, School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Mochizuki R, Ogra Y. Determination of intracellular dopamine by liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection with post-column derivatization using the König reaction. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2024; 1232:123956. [PMID: 38128164 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine is an important neurotransmitter, and the disruption of dopaminergic homeostasis causes various neurological diseases such as Parkinson's disease. Analysis of intracellular dopamine levels is important to understand the pathology of neurological diseases. We have developed a new method for the fluorometric detection of dopamine by adopting the König reaction, which is commonly used for the detection of cyanide, thiocyanate, and selenocyanate, and demonstrated that it can be applied to the determination of intracellular dopamine levels. The present method only requires a conventional LC system with isocratic elution and post-column derivatization and is simple to perform. The LOD, LOQ, and linearity range were 10.8 nM, 32.8 nM, and 0.05-10 μM, respectively, with accuracies of 101.8-106.3 % and precisions within 5 %, which are sufficient for the quantification of intracellular dopamine. We also determined dopamine levels in PC12 cells and found that the levels increased and decreased when the cells were exposed to L-dopa and cyanide, respectively, possibly because of the conversion of L-dopa into dopamine and the depletion of intracellular dopamine by exposing cells to cyanide, respectively. These results suggest the applicability of the present method, and that this new use of the König reaction offers a reliable and useful means of quantifying intracellular dopamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryu Mochizuki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo, Chiba, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Yasumitsu Ogra
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo, Chiba, Chiba 260-8675, Japan.
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22
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Andrews T, Seravallic J, Powers R. The reversible low-temperature instability of human DJ-1 oxidative states. Biopolymers 2024; 115:e23534. [PMID: 36972340 PMCID: PMC10948107 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
DJ-1 is a homodimeric protein that is centrally involved in various human diseases including Parkinson disease (PD). DJ-1 protects against oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction through a homeostatic control of reactive oxygen species (ROS). DJ-1 pathology results from a loss of function, where ROS readily oxidizes a highly conserved and functionally essential cysteine (C106). The over-oxidation of DJ-1 C106 leads to a dynamically destabilized and biologically inactivated protein. An analysis of the structural stability of DJ-1 as a function of oxidative state and temperature may provide further insights into the role the protein plays in PD progression. NMR spectroscopy, circular dichroism, analytical ultracentrifugation sedimentation equilibrium, and molecular dynamics simulations were utilized to investigate the structure and dynamics of the reduced, oxidized (C106-SO2 - ), and over-oxidized (C106-SO3 - ) forms of DJ-1 for temperatures ranging from 5°C to 37°C. The three oxidative states of DJ-1 exhibited distinct temperature-dependent structural changes. A cold-induced aggregation occurred for the three DJ-1 oxidative states by 5°C, where the over-oxidized state aggregated at significantly higher temperatures than both the oxidized and reduced forms. Only the oxidized and over-oxidized forms of DJ-1 exhibited a mix state containing both folded and partially denatured protein that likely preserved secondary structure content. The relative amount of this denatured form of DJ-1 increased as the temperature was lowered, consistent with a cold-denaturation. Notably, the cold-induced aggregation and denaturation for the DJ-1 oxidative states were completely reversible. The dramatic changes in the structural stability of DJ-1 as a function of oxidative state and temperature are relevant to its role in PD and its functional response to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa Andrews
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln NE 68588-0304, USA
| | - Javier Seravallic
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln NE 68588-0664, USA
| | - Robert Powers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln NE 68588-0304, USA
- Redox Biology Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0664,USA
- Nebraska Center for Integrated Biomolecular Communication, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln NE 68588-0304, USA
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23
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Talebi S, Khodagholi F, Bahaeddin Z, Ansari Dezfouli M, Zeinaddini-Meymand A, Berchi Kankam S, Foolad F, Alijaniha F, Fayazi Piranghar F. Does hazelnut consumption affect brain health and function against neurodegenerative diseases? Nutr Neurosci 2023:1-17. [PMID: 38151890 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2023.2296164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A healthy daily diet and consuming certain nutrients, such as polyphenols, vitamins, and unsaturated fatty acids, may help neuronal health maintenance. Polyphenolic chemicals, which have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, are involved in the neuroprotective pathway. Because of their nutritional value, nuts have been shown in recent research to be helpful in neuroprotection. OBJECTIVE Hazelnut is often consumed worldwide in various items, including processed foods, particularly in bakery, chocolate, and confectionery products. This nut is an excellent source of vitamins, amino acids, tocopherols, phytosterols, polyphenols, minerals, and unsaturated fatty acids. Consuming hazelnut may attenuate the risk of neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, and Huntington's disease due to its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant qualities. RESULTS Many documents introduce hazelnut as an excellent choice to provide neuroprotection against neurodegenerative disorders and there is some direct proof of its neuroprotective effects. DISCUSSION So hazelnut consumption in daily diet may reduce neurodegenerative disease risk and be advantageous in reducing the imposed costs of dealing with neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Talebi
- Traditional Medicine Clinical Trial Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Khodagholi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Bahaeddin
- Traditional Medicine Clinical Trial Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Ansari Dezfouli
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | | | - Forough Foolad
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Alijaniha
- Traditional Medicine Clinical Trial Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
- School of Persian Medicine, Department of Traditional Persian Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
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24
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Chen XY, Feng SN, Bao Y, Zhou YX, Ba F. Identification of Clec7a as the therapeutic target of rTMS in alleviating Parkinson's disease: targeting neuroinflammation. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166814. [PMID: 37495085 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a therapeutic tool in PD. High-throughput sequencing was performed to screen potential therapeutic targets in unilaterally 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned rats. The candidate gene, Clec7a, was screened out and validated. Clec7a is a pattern recognition receptor involved in neuroinflammation. The higher expression of Clec7a was observed in the substantia nigra (SN) and striatum of PD rats with dopaminergic neurons damage and was mainly localized in the microglial. Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated specific knockdown of Clec7a in microglial alleviated 6-OHDA induced motor deficits and nigrostriatal dopaminergic neuron damage of rats, as evidenced by the increase of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) -positive neurons in SN, as well as dopaminergic nerve fibers in the striatum. Clec7a knockdown restrained the neuroinflammation by suppressing inflammatory factors (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-18, and IL-6) release in SN, which might result from enhanced Arg-1 expression (M2 polarization) and defective inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression (M1 polarization). The same phenomena were also observed in the LPS inflammatory rat model of PD. In vitro, α-synuclein fibrils induced upregulation of Clec7a expression and microglia polarization to a pro-inflammatory state of BV2 cells, leading to increased release of cytokines. However, Clec7a knockdown reversed those changes and induced a shift to an anti-inflammatory phenotype in BV2 cells. In conclusion, our study suggested that Clec7a was involved in PD pathogenesis, and its inhibition might protect rats from PD by depressing neuroinflammation through microglial polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Yun Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Si-Ning Feng
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Yin Bao
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Yu-Xin Zhou
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Fang Ba
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning, China.
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25
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Ramírez-Carreto RJ, Zaldívar-Machorro VJ, Pérez-Ramírez DJ, Rodríguez-López BE, Meza C, García E, Santamaría A, Chavarría A. Oral Administration of Silybin Protects Against MPTP-Induced Neurotoxicity by Reducing Pro-inflammatory Cytokines and Preserving BDNF Levels in Mice. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:6774-6788. [PMID: 37480498 PMCID: PMC10657796 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03485-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most frequent neurodegenerative disease associated with motor dysfunction secondary to the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatal axis. Actual therapy consists mainly of levodopa; however, its long-term use promotes secondary effects. Consequently, finding new therapeutic alternatives, such as neuroprotective molecules, is necessary. Among these alternatives is silybin (Sb), the major bioactive flavonolignan in silymarin. Both exert neuroprotective effects, preserving dopamine levels and dopaminergic neurons when administered in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mouse PD model, being probably Sb the potential therapeutic molecule behind this effect. To elucidate the role of Sb in the PD model, we determined the dose-dependent conservation of striatal dopamine content following Sb oral administration. Then, we evaluated motor deficit tests using the best dopamine conservative dose of Sb and determined a cytokine-dependent inflammatory profile status, malondialdehyde as an oxidative stress product, and neurotrophic factors content in the MPTP-induced mouse PD model. Our results show that oral Sb at 100 mg/kg dose conserved about 60% dopamine levels. Also, Sb improved motor deficits, preserved neurotrophic factors content and mitochondrial function, reduced lipid peroxidation, diminished proinflammatory cytokines to basal levels, enhanced fractalkine production in the striatum and substantia nigra, and increased IL-10 and IL-4 levels in the substantia nigra in the MPTP mice. Thus, oral Sb may be a potential pharmacological PD treatment alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo J Ramírez-Carreto
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 06726, Ciudad de México, México
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Víctor J Zaldívar-Machorro
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 06726, Ciudad de México, México
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Dafne J Pérez-Ramírez
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 06726, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Blanca E Rodríguez-López
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 06726, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Claudia Meza
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 06726, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Esperanza García
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, S.S, Ciudad de México, 14269, México
| | - Abel Santamaría
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, S.S, Ciudad de México, 04510, México
| | - Anahí Chavarría
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 06726, Ciudad de México, México.
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Pellecchia MT, Picillo M, Russillo MC, Andreozzi V, Oliveros C, Cattaneo C. The effects of safinamide according to gender in Chinese parkinsonian patients. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20632. [PMID: 37996493 PMCID: PMC10667246 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48067-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence and prevalence of Parkinson's disease (PD) is expected to raise dramatically over the next decades. Gender-related differences are not yet widely recognized, particularly regarding the response to dopaminergic medications. To analyse gender differences in the clinical effects of safinamide, compared to placebo, in Chinese PD patients of the pivotal XINDI trial. The XINDI study was a phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. Patients were followed for 16 weeks receiving safinamide or placebo as add-on to levodopa. The primary efficacy endpoint was the change in the mean total daily OFF time. Secondary efficacy endpoints included total daily ON time, ON time with no/non-troublesome dyskinesia, Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale and Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire-39 items. A post-hoc analysis was performed to describe the efficacy of safinamide in both genders on motor symptoms, motor fluctuations and quality of life. 128 (42%) out of 305 patients enrolled were women and 177 (58%) men. Our additional analyses of the XINDI study have shown that safinamide, compared to placebo, was associated with improvements in motor symptoms, motor fluctuations and quality of life in both genders, with some differences in the response that did not reach statistical significance, possibly due to sample size limitation and post-hoc design of the study. The changes from baseline at week 16 were > 50% higher in the females compared to males for the total daily OFF time (- 1.149 h vs - 0.764 h in males), the total daily ON time (1.283 h vs 0.441 h in males), the UPDRS total score (- 8.300 points vs - 5.253 points in males) and the UPDRS part II score (- 2.574 points vs - 1.016 points in males). The changes from baseline at week 16 were higher in the females compared to males in the "ADL" domain (- 6.965 points vs - 5.772 points in males), the "Emotional well-being" domain (- 6.243 points vs - 4.203 in males), the "Stigma" domain (- 6.185 points vs - 4.913 points in males) and the "Bodily discomfort" domain (- 5.196 points vs 1.099 points in males), while were higher in males in the "Mobility" score (- 6.523 points vs - 4.961 points in females) and the "Communication" score (- 3.863 points vs - 1.564 points in females). Safinamide was shown to improve PD symptoms and quality of life in both male and female Chinese patients. Possible differences in the response between genders need to be further studied in larger and different ethnic populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Pellecchia
- Neuroscience Section, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, 84131, Salerno, Italy.
| | - M Picillo
- Neuroscience Section, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, 84131, Salerno, Italy
| | - M C Russillo
- Neuroscience Section, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, 84131, Salerno, Italy
| | - V Andreozzi
- Neuroscience Section, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, 84131, Salerno, Italy
| | - C Oliveros
- Medical Department, Zambon SpA, Bresso, Italy
| | - C Cattaneo
- Medical Department, Zambon SpA, Bresso, Italy
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27
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Salari Z, Ashabi G, Fartoosi A, Fartoosi A, Shariatpanahi M, Aghsami M, Montazeri H, Kheradmand A. Sericin alleviates motor dysfunction by modulating inflammation and TrkB/BDNF signaling pathway in the rotenone-induced Parkinson's disease model. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2023; 24:60. [PMID: 37936189 PMCID: PMC10631121 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-023-00703-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons and movement impairment. Based on theories, neuroinflammatory processes may be vital in the etiology of PD and other neurodegenerative diseases. Reports show that rotenone has neurotoxic, inflammatory, and motor impairment effects in PD. Sericin is a natural polymer with effective properties, such as neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effects of sericin administration on motor dysfunction by modulating inflammation and tyrosine kinase B/brain-derived neurotrophic factor (TrkB/BDNF) pathway in the rotenone-induced PD model. METHODS Wistar male rats (3-months-old) were treated with rotenone (2 mg/kg every 48 h for 30 days) to induce a rotenone-induced PD model. Also, sericin was administered orally at dose of 200 mg/kg every 48 h for 30 days. Rotarod and bar tests were performed for motor dysfunction. The protein levels of BDNF, c-fos, TrkB, tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and catalase activity were evaluated in the striatum area. RESULTS Results showed that sericin increased latent time in the rotarod test and decreased the time staying on the pole in the bar test compared to the PD group (P < 0.001 for both tests). Moreover, sericin treatments decreased TNF-α (P < 0.001) and IL-6 (P < 0.001) concentration levels and enhanced the levels of BDNF (P < 0.001), c-fos (P < 0.001), TrkB (P < 0.001) proteins and catalase activity (P < 0.05) in the striatum area compared to the PD group. CONCLUSION These results support a protective benefit of sericin therapy in a rotenone-induced PD paradigm by reducing motor impairment, inflammatory response, and disruption of the TrkB/BDNF signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Salari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. box: 1475886671, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghorbangol Ashabi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Fartoosi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. box: 1475886671, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Fartoosi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. box: 1475886671, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Shariatpanahi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. box: 1475886671, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Aghsami
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. box: 1475886671, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Montazeri
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Kheradmand
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. box: 1475886671, Tehran, Iran.
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Subramaniam MD, Aishwarya Janaki P, Abishek Kumar B, Gopalarethinam J, Nair AP, Mahalaxmi I, Vellingiri B. Retinal Changes in Parkinson's Disease: A Non-invasive Biomarker for Early Diagnosis. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:3983-3996. [PMID: 37831228 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01419-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is caused due to degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) which leads to the depletion of dopamine in the body. The lack of dopamine is mainly due to aggregation of misfolded α-synuclein which causes motor impairment in PD. Dopamine is also required for normal retinal function and the light-dark vision cycle. Misfolded α-synuclein present in inner retinal layers causes vision-associated problems in PD patients. Hence, individuals with PD also experience structural and functional changes in the retina. Mutation in LRRK2, PARK2, PARK7, PINK1, or SNCA genes and mitochondria dysfunction also play a role in the pathophysiology of PD. In this review, we discussed the different etiologies which lead to PD and future prospects of employing non-invasive techniques and retinal changes to diagnose the onset of PD earlier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohana Devi Subramaniam
- SN ONGC Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 006, India.
| | - P Aishwarya Janaki
- SN ONGC Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 006, India
| | - B Abishek Kumar
- SN ONGC Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 006, India
| | - Janani Gopalarethinam
- SN ONGC Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 006, India
| | - Aswathy P Nair
- SN ONGC Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 006, India
| | - I Mahalaxmi
- Department of Biotechnology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education (Deemed to be University), Coimbatore, 641021, India
| | - Balachandar Vellingiri
- Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
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Wee J, Tan XR, Gunther SH, Ihsan M, Leow MKS, Tan DSY, Eriksson JG, Lee JKW. Effects of Medications on Heat Loss Capacity in Chronic Disease Patients: Health Implications Amidst Global Warming. Pharmacol Rev 2023; 75:1140-1166. [PMID: 37328294 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.122.000782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological agents used to treat or manage diseases can modify the level of heat strain experienced by chronically ill and elderly patients via different mechanistic pathways. Human thermoregulation is a crucial homeostatic process that maintains body temperature within a narrow range during heat stress through dry (i.e., increasing skin blood flow) and evaporative (i.e., sweating) heat loss, as well as active inhibition of thermogenesis, which is crucial to avoid overheating. Medications can independently and synergistically interact with aging and chronic disease to alter homeostatic responses to rising body temperature during heat stress. This review focuses on the physiologic changes, with specific emphasis on thermolytic processes, associated with medication use during heat stress. The review begins by providing readers with a background of the global chronic disease burden. Human thermoregulation and aging effects are then summarized to give an understanding of the unique physiologic changes faced by older adults. The effects of common chronic diseases on temperature regulation are outlined in the main sections. Physiologic impacts of common medications used to treat these diseases are reviewed in detail, with emphasis on the mechanisms by which these medications alter thermolysis during heat stress. The review concludes by providing perspectives on the need to understand the effects of medication use in hot environments, as well as a summary table of all clinical considerations and research needs of the medications included in this review. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Long-term medications modulate thermoregulatory function, resulting in excess physiological strain and predisposing patients to adverse health outcomes during prolonged exposures to extreme heat during rest and physical work (e.g., exercise). Understanding the medication-specific mechanisms of altered thermoregulation has importance in both clinical and research settings, paving the way for work toward refining current medication prescription recommendations and formulating mitigation strategies for adverse drug effects in the heat in chronically ill patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jericho Wee
- Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (J.W., X.R.T., S.H.G., M.I., M.K.S.L., J.G.E., J.K.W.L.), Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, (D.S.-Y.T), Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (J.K.W.L.), Heat Resilience and Performance Centre, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (J.K.W.L.), National University of Singapore, Singapore; Health and Social Sciences, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore (X.R.T.); Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise, Singapore (S.H.G., J.K.W.L.); Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (M.K.S.L.); Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore (M.K.S.L.); Department of Endocrinology, Division of Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore (M.K.S.L.); Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore (M.K.S.L., J.G.E.); Folkhalsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland (J.G.E.); Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland (J.G.E.); and Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore (J.G.E.)
| | - Xiang Ren Tan
- Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (J.W., X.R.T., S.H.G., M.I., M.K.S.L., J.G.E., J.K.W.L.), Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, (D.S.-Y.T), Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (J.K.W.L.), Heat Resilience and Performance Centre, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (J.K.W.L.), National University of Singapore, Singapore; Health and Social Sciences, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore (X.R.T.); Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise, Singapore (S.H.G., J.K.W.L.); Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (M.K.S.L.); Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore (M.K.S.L.); Department of Endocrinology, Division of Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore (M.K.S.L.); Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore (M.K.S.L., J.G.E.); Folkhalsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland (J.G.E.); Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland (J.G.E.); and Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore (J.G.E.)
| | - Samuel H Gunther
- Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (J.W., X.R.T., S.H.G., M.I., M.K.S.L., J.G.E., J.K.W.L.), Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, (D.S.-Y.T), Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (J.K.W.L.), Heat Resilience and Performance Centre, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (J.K.W.L.), National University of Singapore, Singapore; Health and Social Sciences, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore (X.R.T.); Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise, Singapore (S.H.G., J.K.W.L.); Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (M.K.S.L.); Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore (M.K.S.L.); Department of Endocrinology, Division of Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore (M.K.S.L.); Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore (M.K.S.L., J.G.E.); Folkhalsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland (J.G.E.); Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland (J.G.E.); and Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore (J.G.E.)
| | - Mohammed Ihsan
- Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (J.W., X.R.T., S.H.G., M.I., M.K.S.L., J.G.E., J.K.W.L.), Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, (D.S.-Y.T), Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (J.K.W.L.), Heat Resilience and Performance Centre, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (J.K.W.L.), National University of Singapore, Singapore; Health and Social Sciences, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore (X.R.T.); Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise, Singapore (S.H.G., J.K.W.L.); Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (M.K.S.L.); Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore (M.K.S.L.); Department of Endocrinology, Division of Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore (M.K.S.L.); Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore (M.K.S.L., J.G.E.); Folkhalsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland (J.G.E.); Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland (J.G.E.); and Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore (J.G.E.)
| | - Melvin Khee Shing Leow
- Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (J.W., X.R.T., S.H.G., M.I., M.K.S.L., J.G.E., J.K.W.L.), Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, (D.S.-Y.T), Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (J.K.W.L.), Heat Resilience and Performance Centre, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (J.K.W.L.), National University of Singapore, Singapore; Health and Social Sciences, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore (X.R.T.); Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise, Singapore (S.H.G., J.K.W.L.); Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (M.K.S.L.); Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore (M.K.S.L.); Department of Endocrinology, Division of Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore (M.K.S.L.); Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore (M.K.S.L., J.G.E.); Folkhalsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland (J.G.E.); Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland (J.G.E.); and Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore (J.G.E.)
| | - Doreen Su-Yin Tan
- Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (J.W., X.R.T., S.H.G., M.I., M.K.S.L., J.G.E., J.K.W.L.), Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, (D.S.-Y.T), Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (J.K.W.L.), Heat Resilience and Performance Centre, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (J.K.W.L.), National University of Singapore, Singapore; Health and Social Sciences, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore (X.R.T.); Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise, Singapore (S.H.G., J.K.W.L.); Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (M.K.S.L.); Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore (M.K.S.L.); Department of Endocrinology, Division of Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore (M.K.S.L.); Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore (M.K.S.L., J.G.E.); Folkhalsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland (J.G.E.); Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland (J.G.E.); and Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore (J.G.E.)
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (J.W., X.R.T., S.H.G., M.I., M.K.S.L., J.G.E., J.K.W.L.), Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, (D.S.-Y.T), Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (J.K.W.L.), Heat Resilience and Performance Centre, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (J.K.W.L.), National University of Singapore, Singapore; Health and Social Sciences, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore (X.R.T.); Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise, Singapore (S.H.G., J.K.W.L.); Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (M.K.S.L.); Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore (M.K.S.L.); Department of Endocrinology, Division of Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore (M.K.S.L.); Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore (M.K.S.L., J.G.E.); Folkhalsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland (J.G.E.); Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland (J.G.E.); and Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore (J.G.E.)
| | - Jason Kai Wei Lee
- Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (J.W., X.R.T., S.H.G., M.I., M.K.S.L., J.G.E., J.K.W.L.), Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, (D.S.-Y.T), Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (J.K.W.L.), Heat Resilience and Performance Centre, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (J.K.W.L.), National University of Singapore, Singapore; Health and Social Sciences, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore (X.R.T.); Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise, Singapore (S.H.G., J.K.W.L.); Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (M.K.S.L.); Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore (M.K.S.L.); Department of Endocrinology, Division of Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore (M.K.S.L.); Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore (M.K.S.L., J.G.E.); Folkhalsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland (J.G.E.); Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland (J.G.E.); and Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore (J.G.E.)
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Clemente-Suárez VJ, Redondo-Flórez L, Beltrán-Velasco AI, Ramos-Campo DJ, Belinchón-deMiguel P, Martinez-Guardado I, Dalamitros AA, Yáñez-Sepúlveda R, Martín-Rodríguez A, Tornero-Aguilera JF. Mitochondria and Brain Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Pathological Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2488. [PMID: 37760929 PMCID: PMC10526226 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a vital role in maintaining cellular energy homeostasis, regulating apoptosis, and controlling redox signaling. Dysfunction of mitochondria has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various brain diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, stroke, and psychiatric illnesses. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the intricate relationship between mitochondria and brain disease, focusing on the underlying pathological mechanisms and exploring potential therapeutic opportunities. The review covers key topics such as mitochondrial DNA mutations, impaired oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial dynamics, calcium dysregulation, and reactive oxygen species generation in the context of brain disease. Additionally, it discusses emerging strategies targeting mitochondrial dysfunction, including mitochondrial protective agents, metabolic modulators, and gene therapy approaches. By critically analysing the existing literature and recent advancements, this review aims to enhance our understanding of the multifaceted role of mitochondria in brain disease and shed light on novel therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (V.J.C.-S.); (J.F.T.-A.)
- Group de Investigación en Cultura, Educación y Sociedad, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
| | - Laura Redondo-Flórez
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, C/Tajo s/n, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel Beltrán-Velasco
- Psychology Department, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida y la Naturaleza, Universidad Antonio de Nebrija, 28240 Madrid, Spain
| | - Domingo Jesús Ramos-Campo
- LFE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Science-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Belinchón-deMiguel
- Department of Nursing and Nutrition, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain;
| | | | - Athanasios A. Dalamitros
- Laboratory of Evaluation of Human Biological Performance, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda
- Faculty of Education and Social Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile;
| | - Alexandra Martín-Rodríguez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (V.J.C.-S.); (J.F.T.-A.)
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Ahmad F. Ganoderic Acid A targeting leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 involved in Parkinson's disease-A computational study. Aging Med (Milton) 2023; 6:272-280. [PMID: 37711263 PMCID: PMC10498832 DOI: 10.1002/agm2.12235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to find the most promising Ganoderma lucidium targeting LRRK2 involved in PD. Methods First ADMET analysis was performed for five compounds followed by molecular docking of each compound. Then, we perform molecular dynamics simulation of all five compounds and finally MMGBSA of all five compounds. Results Based on molecular dynamics and MMGBSA result we reach the conclusion that Ganoderic Acid A (GAA) is the most promising compound targeting LRRK2. Therefore, GAA needs further validation through in vitro and in vivo studies. Conclusion Ganoderma lucidum exhibits cytotoxic, hepatoprotective, antioxidative, anticancer, and antinociceptive activities. This study predicted that Ganoderma lucidum could even be used to treat neurological disorders like PD. This study suggest that the best-identified molecule against LRRK2 is GAA and it needs rigorous in vitro and in vivo validations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faizan Ahmad
- Department of Medical Elementology and ToxicologyJamia Hamdard UniversityDelhiIndia
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Suliman M, Al-Hawary SIS, Al-Dolaimy F, Hjazi A, Almalki SG, Alkhafaji AT, Alawadi AH, Alsaalamy A, Bijlwan S, Mustafa YF. Inflammatory diseases: Function of LncRNAs in their emergence and the role of mesenchymal stem cell secretome in their treatment. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 249:154758. [PMID: 37660657 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
One of the best treatments for inflammatory diseases such as COVID-19, respiratory diseases and brain diseases is treatment with stem cells. Here we investigate the effect of stem cell therapy in the treatment of brain diseases.Preclinical studies have shown promising results, including improved functional recovery and tissue repair in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases, strokes,and traumatic brain injuries. However,ethical implications, safety concerns, and regulatory frameworks necessitate thorough evaluation before transitioning to clinical applications. Additionally, the complex nature of the brain and its intricate cellular environment present unique obstacles that must be overcome to ensure the successful integration and functionality of genetically engineered MSCs. The careful navigation of this path will determine whether the application of genetically engineered MSCs in brain tissue regeneration ultimately lives up to the hype surrounding it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muath Suliman
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sami G Almalki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ahmed Hussien Alawadi
- College of technical engineering, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; College of technical engineering, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; College of technical engineering, the Islamic University of Babylon, Iraq
| | - Ali Alsaalamy
- College of technical engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna, Iraq
| | - Sheela Bijlwan
- Uttaranchal School of Computing Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
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Silva J, Alves C, Soledade F, Martins A, Pinteus S, Gaspar H, Alfonso A, Pedrosa R. Marine-Derived Components: Can They Be a Potential Therapeutic Approach to Parkinson's Disease? Mar Drugs 2023; 21:451. [PMID: 37623732 PMCID: PMC10455662 DOI: 10.3390/md21080451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The increase in the life expectancy average has led to a growing elderly population, thus leading to a prevalence of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease (PD). PD is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder and is characterized by a progressive degeneration of the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). The marine environment has proven to be a source of unique and diverse chemical structures with great therapeutic potential to be used in the treatment of several pathologies, including neurodegenerative impairments. This review is focused on compounds isolated from marine organisms with neuroprotective activities on in vitro and in vivo models based on their chemical structures, taxonomy, neuroprotective effects, and their possible mechanism of action in PD. About 60 compounds isolated from marine bacteria, fungi, mollusk, sea cucumber, seaweed, soft coral, sponge, and starfish with neuroprotective potential on PD therapy are reported. Peptides, alkaloids, quinones, terpenes, polysaccharides, polyphenols, lipids, pigments, and mycotoxins were isolated from those marine organisms. They can act in several PD hallmarks, reducing oxidative stress, preventing mitochondrial dysfunction, α-synuclein aggregation, and blocking inflammatory pathways through the inhibition translocation of NF-kB factor, reduction of human tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). This review gathers the marine natural products that have shown pharmacological activities acting on targets belonging to different intracellular signaling pathways related to PD development, which should be considered for future pre-clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Silva
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ARNET—Aquatic Research Network, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-630 Peniche, Portugal; (F.S.); (A.M.); (S.P.); (H.G.)
| | - Celso Alves
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ARNET—Aquatic Research Network, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-614 Peniche, Portugal;
| | - Francisca Soledade
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ARNET—Aquatic Research Network, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-630 Peniche, Portugal; (F.S.); (A.M.); (S.P.); (H.G.)
| | - Alice Martins
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ARNET—Aquatic Research Network, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-630 Peniche, Portugal; (F.S.); (A.M.); (S.P.); (H.G.)
| | - Susete Pinteus
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ARNET—Aquatic Research Network, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-630 Peniche, Portugal; (F.S.); (A.M.); (S.P.); (H.G.)
| | - Helena Gaspar
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ARNET—Aquatic Research Network, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-630 Peniche, Portugal; (F.S.); (A.M.); (S.P.); (H.G.)
- BioISI—Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Amparo Alfonso
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain;
| | - Rui Pedrosa
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ARNET—Aquatic Research Network, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-614 Peniche, Portugal;
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Viegas MPC, Santos LEC, Aarão MC, Cecilio SG, Medrado JM, Pires AC, Rodrigues AM, Scorza CA, Moret MA, Finsterer J, Scorza FA, Almeida ACG. The nonsynaptic plasticity in Parkinson's disease: Insights from an animal model. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2023; 78:100242. [PMID: 37480642 PMCID: PMC10387572 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2023.100242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 6-OHDA nigro-striatal lesion model has already been related to disorders in the excitability and synchronicity of neural networks and variation in the expression of transmembrane proteins that control intra and extracellular ionic concentrations, such as cation-chloride cotransporters (NKCC1 and KCC2) and Na+/K+-ATPase and, also, to the glial proliferation after injury. All these non-synaptic mechanisms have already been related to neuronal injury and hyper-synchronism processes. OBJECTIVE The main objective of this study is to verify whether mechanisms not directly related to synaptic neurotransmission could be involved in the modulation of nigrostriatal pathways. METHODS Male Wistar rats, 3 months old, were submitted to a unilateral injection of 24 µg of 6-OHDA, in the striatum (n = 8). The animals in the Control group (n = 8) were submitted to the same protocol, with the replacement of 6-OHDA by 0.9% saline. The analysis by optical densitometry was performed to quantify the immunoreactivity intensity of GFAP, NKCC1, KCC2, Na+/K+-ATPase, TH and Cx36. RESULTS The 6-OHDA induced lesions in the striatum, were not followed by changes in the expression cation-chloride cotransporters and Na+/K+-ATPase, but with astrocytic reactivity in the lesioned and adjacent regions of the nigrostriatal. Moreover, the dopaminergic degeneration caused by 6-OHDA is followed by changes in the expression of connexin-36. CONCLUSIONS The use of the GJ blockers directly along the nigrostriatal pathways to control PD motor symptoms is conjectured. Electrophysiology of the striatum and the substantia nigra, to verify changes in neuronal synchronism, comparing brain slices of control animals and experimental models of PD, is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mônica P C Viegas
- Laboratory of Experimental and Computational Neuroscience, Department of Biosystems Engineering, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ), São João del-Rei, MG, Brazil
| | - Luiz E C Santos
- Laboratory of Experimental and Computational Neuroscience, Department of Biosystems Engineering, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ), São João del-Rei, MG, Brazil
| | - Mayra C Aarão
- Laboratory of Experimental and Computational Neuroscience, Department of Biosystems Engineering, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ), São João del-Rei, MG, Brazil
| | - Samyra G Cecilio
- Laboratory of Experimental and Computational Neuroscience, Department of Biosystems Engineering, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ), São João del-Rei, MG, Brazil
| | - Joana M Medrado
- Laboratory of Experimental and Computational Neuroscience, Department of Biosystems Engineering, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ), São João del-Rei, MG, Brazil
| | - Arthur C Pires
- Laboratory of Experimental and Computational Neuroscience, Department of Biosystems Engineering, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ), São João del-Rei, MG, Brazil
| | - Antônio M Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Experimental and Computational Neuroscience, Department of Biosystems Engineering, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ), São João del-Rei, MG, Brazil
| | - Carla A Scorza
- Neuroscience Discipline, Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Centro de Neurociências e Saúde da Mulher "Professor Geraldo Rodrigues de Lima", Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo A Moret
- SENAI ‒ Departamento Regional da Bahia, Centro Integrado de Manufatura e Tecnologia, Bahia, BA, Brazil
| | | | - Fulvio A Scorza
- Neuroscience Discipline, Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Centro de Neurociências e Saúde da Mulher "Professor Geraldo Rodrigues de Lima", Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Antônio-Carlos G Almeida
- Laboratory of Experimental and Computational Neuroscience, Department of Biosystems Engineering, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ), São João del-Rei, MG, Brazil; Centro de Neurociências e Saúde da Mulher "Professor Geraldo Rodrigues de Lima", Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Caridade-Silva R, Araújo B, Martins-Macedo J, Teixeira FG. N-Acetylcysteine Treatment May Compensate Motor Impairments through Dopaminergic Transmission Modulation in a Striatal 6-Hydroxydopamine Parkinson's Disease Rat Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1257. [PMID: 37371987 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Preventing degeneration and the loss of dopaminergic neurons (DAn) in the brain while mitigating motor symptoms remains a challenge in Parkinson's Disease (PD) treatment development. In light of this, developing or repositioning potential disease-modifying approaches is imperative to achieve meaningful translational gains in PD research. Under this concept, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has revealed promising perspectives in preserving the dopaminergic system capability and modulating PD mechanisms. Although NAC has been shown to act as an antioxidant and (neuro)protector of the brain, it has yet to be acknowledged how this repurposed drug can improve motor symptomatology and provide disease-modifying properties in PD. Therefore, in the present work, we assessed the impact of NAC on motor and histological deficits in a striatal 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) rat model of PD. The results revealed that NAC enhanced DAn viability, as we found that it could restore dopamine transporter (DAT) levels compared to the untreated 6-OHDA group. Such findings were positively correlated with a significant amelioration in the motor outcomes of the 6-OHDA-treated animals, demonstrating that NAC may, somehow, be a modulator of PD degenerative mechanisms. Overall, we postulated a proof-of-concept milestone concerning the therapeutic application of NAC. Nevertheless, it is extremely important to understand the complexity of this drug and how its therapeutical properties interact with the cellular and molecular PD mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Caridade-Silva
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057/4805-017 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- I3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research, School of Health, Polytechnic University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruna Araújo
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057/4805-017 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- I3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research, School of Health, Polytechnic University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Martins-Macedo
- I3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research, School of Health, Polytechnic University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fábio G Teixeira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057/4805-017 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- I3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research, School of Health, Polytechnic University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
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Chaves NSG, Janner DE, Poetini MR, Fernandes EJ, de Almeida FP, Musachio EAS, Reginaldo JC, Dahleh MMM, de Carvalho AS, Leimann FV, Gonçalves OH, Ramborger BP, Roehrs R, Prigol M, Guerra GP. β-carotene-loaded nanoparticles protect against neuromotor damage, oxidative stress, and dopamine deficits in a model of Parkinson's disease in Drosophila melanogaster. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 268:109615. [PMID: 36940893 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
β-carotene-loaded nanoparticles improves absorption by increasing bioavailability. The Drosophila melanogaster model of Parkinson's disease must be helpful in investigating potential neuroprotective effects. Four groups of four-day-old flies were exposed to: (1) control; (2) diet containing rotenone (500 μM); (3) β-carotene-loaded nanoparticles (20 μM); (4) β-carotene-loaded nanoparticles and rotenone for 7 days. Then, the percentage of survival, geotaxis tests, open field, aversive phototaxis and food consumption were evaluated. At the end of the behaviors, the analyses of the levels of reactive species (ROS), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was carried out, as well as an evaluation of the levels of dopamine and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, in the head of flies. Nanoparticles loaded with β-carotene were able to improve motor function, memory, survival and also restored the oxidative stress indicators (CAT, SOD, ROS and TBARS), dopamine levels, AChE activity after exposure to rotenone. Overall, nanoparticles loaded with β-carotene showed significant neuroprotective effect against damage induced by the Parkinson-like disease model, emerging as a possible treatment. Overall, β-carotene-loaded nanoparticles presented significant neuroprotective effect against damage induced by model of Parkinson-like disease, emerging as a possible treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Savedra Gomes Chaves
- Laboratório de Avaliações Farmacológicas e Toxicológicas Aplicadas às Moléculas Bioativas - LaftamBio, Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Itaqui, 97650-000 Itaqui, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Uruguaiana, 97508-000 Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Dieniffer Espinosa Janner
- Laboratório de Avaliações Farmacológicas e Toxicológicas Aplicadas às Moléculas Bioativas - LaftamBio, Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Itaqui, 97650-000 Itaqui, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Uruguaiana, 97508-000 Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcia Rósula Poetini
- Laboratório de Avaliações Farmacológicas e Toxicológicas Aplicadas às Moléculas Bioativas - LaftamBio, Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Itaqui, 97650-000 Itaqui, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Uruguaiana, 97508-000 Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Eliana Jardim Fernandes
- Laboratório de Avaliações Farmacológicas e Toxicológicas Aplicadas às Moléculas Bioativas - LaftamBio, Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Itaqui, 97650-000 Itaqui, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Uruguaiana, 97508-000 Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Francielli Polet de Almeida
- Laboratório de Avaliações Farmacológicas e Toxicológicas Aplicadas às Moléculas Bioativas - LaftamBio, Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Itaqui, 97650-000 Itaqui, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Uruguaiana, 97508-000 Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Elize Aparecida Santos Musachio
- Laboratório de Avaliações Farmacológicas e Toxicológicas Aplicadas às Moléculas Bioativas - LaftamBio, Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Itaqui, 97650-000 Itaqui, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Uruguaiana, 97508-000 Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Jocemara Corrêa Reginaldo
- Laboratório de Avaliações Farmacológicas e Toxicológicas Aplicadas às Moléculas Bioativas - LaftamBio, Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Itaqui, 97650-000 Itaqui, RS, Brazil
| | - Mustafa Munir Mustafa Dahleh
- Laboratório de Avaliações Farmacológicas e Toxicológicas Aplicadas às Moléculas Bioativas - LaftamBio, Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Itaqui, 97650-000 Itaqui, RS, Brazil
| | - Amarilis Santos de Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná - Campus Campo Mourão, 87301-006 Campo Mourão, PR, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Vitória Leimann
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná - Campus Campo Mourão, 87301-006 Campo Mourão, PR, Brazil
| | - Odinei Hess Gonçalves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná - Campus Campo Mourão, 87301-006 Campo Mourão, PR, Brazil
| | - Bruna Piaia Ramborger
- Grupo Interdisciplinar de Pesquisa em Prática de Ensino (GIPPE), Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Uruguaiana, 97508-000 Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Roehrs
- Grupo Interdisciplinar de Pesquisa em Prática de Ensino (GIPPE), Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Uruguaiana, 97508-000 Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Marina Prigol
- Laboratório de Avaliações Farmacológicas e Toxicológicas Aplicadas às Moléculas Bioativas - LaftamBio, Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Itaqui, 97650-000 Itaqui, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Uruguaiana, 97508-000 Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Petri Guerra
- Laboratório de Avaliações Farmacológicas e Toxicológicas Aplicadas às Moléculas Bioativas - LaftamBio, Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Itaqui, 97650-000 Itaqui, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Uruguaiana, 97508-000 Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil.
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37
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Huang WH, Ding SL, Zhao XY, Li K, Guo HT, Zhang MZ, Gu Q. Collagen for neural tissue engineering: Materials, strategies, and challenges. Mater Today Bio 2023; 20:100639. [PMID: 37197743 PMCID: PMC10183670 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural tissue engineering (NTE) has made remarkable strides in recent years and holds great promise for treating several devastating neurological disorders. Selecting optimal scaffolding material is crucial for NET design strategies that enable neural and non-neural cell differentiation and axonal growth. Collagen is extensively employed in NTE applications due to the inherent resistance of the nervous system against regeneration, functionalized with neurotrophic factors, antagonists of neural growth inhibitors, and other neural growth-promoting agents. Recent advancements in integrating collagen with manufacturing strategies, such as scaffolding, electrospinning, and 3D bioprinting, provide localized trophic support, guide cell alignment, and protect neural cells from immune activity. This review categorises and analyses collagen-based processing techniques investigated for neural-specific applications, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses in repair, regeneration, and recovery. We also evaluate the potential prospects and challenges of using collagen-based biomaterials in NTE. Overall, this review offers a comprehensive and systematic framework for the rational evaluation and applications of collagen in NTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huairou District, Beijing, 101499, PR China
| | - Sheng-Long Ding
- Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, PR China
| | - Xi-Yuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huairou District, Beijing, 101499, PR China
| | - Kai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, PR China
| | - Hai-Tao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huairou District, Beijing, 101499, PR China
| | - Ming-Zhu Zhang
- Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, PR China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Qi Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, PR China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huairou District, Beijing, 101499, PR China
- Corresponding author. Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 5 of Courtyard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, PR China.
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38
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Cronin SJF, Yu W, Hale A, Licht-Mayer S, Crabtree MJ, Korecka JA, Tretiakov EO, Sealey-Cardona M, Somlyay M, Onji M, An M, Fox JD, Turnes BL, Gomez-Diaz C, da Luz Scheffer D, Cikes D, Nagy V, Weidinger A, Wolf A, Reither H, Chabloz A, Kavirayani A, Rao S, Andrews N, Latremoliere A, Costigan M, Douglas G, Freitas FC, Pifl C, Walz R, Konrat R, Mahad DJ, Koslov AV, Latini A, Isacson O, Harkany T, Hallett PJ, Bagby S, Woolf CJ, Channon KM, Je HS, Penninger JM. Crucial neuroprotective roles of the metabolite BH4 in dopaminergic neurons. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.08.539795. [PMID: 37214873 PMCID: PMC10197517 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.08.539795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are movement disorders caused by the dysfunction of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. Identifying druggable pathways and biomarkers for guiding therapies is crucial due to the debilitating nature of these disorders. Recent genetic studies have identified variants of GTP cyclohydrolase-1 (GCH1), the rate-limiting enzyme in tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) synthesis, as causative for these movement disorders. Here, we show that genetic and pharmacological inhibition of BH4 synthesis in mice and human midbrain-like organoids accurately recapitulates motor, behavioral and biochemical characteristics of these human diseases, with severity of the phenotype correlating with extent of BH4 deficiency. We also show that BH4 deficiency increases sensitivities to several PD-related stressors in mice and PD human cells, resulting in worse behavioral and physiological outcomes. Conversely, genetic and pharmacological augmentation of BH4 protects mice from genetically- and chemically induced PD-related stressors. Importantly, increasing BH4 levels also protects primary cells from PD-affected individuals and human midbrain-like organoids (hMLOs) from these stressors. Mechanistically, BH4 not only serves as an essential cofactor for dopamine synthesis, but also independently regulates tyrosine hydroxylase levels, protects against ferroptosis, scavenges mitochondrial ROS, maintains neuronal excitability and promotes mitochondrial ATP production, thereby enhancing mitochondrial fitness and cellular respiration in multiple preclinical PD animal models, human dopaminergic midbrain-like organoids and primary cells from PD-affected individuals. Our findings pinpoint the BH4 pathway as a key metabolic program at the intersection of multiple protective mechanisms for the health and function of midbrain dopaminergic neurons, identifying it as a potential therapeutic target for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane J F Cronin
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Weonjin Yu
- Signature Program in Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders, Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Ashley Hale
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Simon Licht-Mayer
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Mark J Crabtree
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Joanna A Korecka
- Neurodegeneration Research Institute, Harvard Medical School/McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA
| | - Evgenii O Tretiakov
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marco Sealey-Cardona
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter Campus 5, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mate Somlyay
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter Campus 5, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Masahiro Onji
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Meilin An
- Department of Medical Genetics, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jesse D Fox
- Department of Medical Genetics, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Bruna Lenfers Turnes
- FM Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA and Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Carlos Gomez-Diaz
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Débora da Luz Scheffer
- LABOX, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88037-100, Brazil
| | - Domagoj Cikes
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Vanja Nagy
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases (LBI-RUD); Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna (MUW), 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Adelheid Weidinger
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology. The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Donaueschingen Str. 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexandra Wolf
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Harald Reither
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Antoine Chabloz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Anoop Kavirayani
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Shuan Rao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nick Andrews
- FM Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA and Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alban Latremoliere
- Neurosurgery Department, Neurosurgery Pain Research Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Michael Costigan
- FM Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA and Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Gillian Douglas
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | | | - Christian Pifl
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Roger Walz
- Center for Applied Neurocience, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil; Neurology Division, Internal Medicine Department, University Hospital of UFSC, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Robert Konrat
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter Campus 5, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Don J Mahad
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor's Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Andrey V Koslov
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology. The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Donaueschingen Str. 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexandra Latini
- LABOX, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88037-100, Brazil
| | - Ole Isacson
- Neurodegeneration Research Institute, Harvard Medical School/McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA
| | - Tibor Harkany
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicum 7D, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
| | - Penelope J Hallett
- Neurodegeneration Research Institute, Harvard Medical School/McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA
| | - Stefan Bagby
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry and the Milner Centre for Evolution, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Clifford J Woolf
- FM Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA and Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Keith M Channon
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Hyunsoo Shawn Je
- Signature Program in Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders, Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Josef M Penninger
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Medical Genetics, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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De Luca R, Bonanno M, Morini E, Marra A, Arcadi FA, Quartarone A, Calabrò RS. Sexual Dysfunctions in Females with Parkinson's Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study with a Psycho-Endocrinological Perspective. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59050845. [PMID: 37241076 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59050845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Normal human sexual functioning is a complex integration of an intact neuroanatomic substrate, vascular supply, a balanced hormonal profile, and a predominance of excitatory over inhibitory psychological mechanisms. However, sexual functioning in Parkinson's disease (PD) is often overlooked in clinical practice, especially in female patients. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we have investigated the frequency of sexual dysfunction and the possible correlation with psycho-endocrinological factors in a sample of women with idiopathic PD. Patients were assessed using a semi-structured sexual interview, in addition to psychometric tools, including the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety and for Depression and the Coping Orientation to the Problems Experiences-New Italian Version. Specific blood tests, including testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estrogen E2, prolactin (PRL), and vitamin D3 were also evaluated. Results: Our results reported a statistical difference in sexual intercourse frequency before and after the onset of PD (p < 0.001). The percentage of women who complained about reduced sexual desire increased after diagnosis (52.7%) compared to the period before the onset of the illness (36.8%). The endocrinological profile in females with PD revealed statistically significant differences regarding testosterone (p < 0.0006), estradiol (p < 0.00), vitamin D3 (p < 0.006), and calcium (0.002). Depression (44% characterized by perceived feelings of anger and frustration during sexual intercourse) and anxiety symptoms (29.5% reported feelings of fear and anxiety for not satisfying the partner) with abnormal coping strategies (48.14% experienced feelings of anger and intolerance) were also found to be statistically significant. This study showed a high frequency of sexual dysfunction in female patients with PD, which correlated with sexual hormone abnormalities, mood/anxiety, and coping strategies alterations. This supports the idea that there is a need to better investigate the sexual function of female patients with PD to provide them with an adequate therapeutic approach and potentially improve quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria De Luca
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Palermo, SS 113, C. da Casazza, 98123 Messina, Italy
| | - Mirjam Bonanno
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Palermo, SS 113, C. da Casazza, 98123 Messina, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Morini
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Palermo, SS 113, C. da Casazza, 98123 Messina, Italy
| | - Angela Marra
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Palermo, SS 113, C. da Casazza, 98123 Messina, Italy
| | - Francesca Antonia Arcadi
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Palermo, SS 113, C. da Casazza, 98123 Messina, Italy
| | - Angelo Quartarone
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Palermo, SS 113, C. da Casazza, 98123 Messina, Italy
| | - Rocco Salvatore Calabrò
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Palermo, SS 113, C. da Casazza, 98123 Messina, Italy
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Santos Junior LC, Santos JR, Reis A, Faria-E-Silva AL, Leal PC. Effectiveness of the pharmacological treatments for sialorrhea in patients with Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Clin Oral Investig 2023:10.1007/s00784-023-04981-9. [PMID: 37036514 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-04981-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized control trials (RCTs) aimed to establish whether there are evidence-based differences in the pharmacological agents used to manage sialorrhea in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). MATERIAL AND METHODS The authors searched the databases: MEDLINE via PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library for clinical trials. Unpublished trials were searched on clinicaltrials.gov and the Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry. Means and standard deviations of changes in the salivary flow or drooling reported by participants due to the interventions were recorded. RESULTS The authors analyzed 13 RCTs. Compared to the placebo, types A and B of the botulinum toxin effectively reduced the salivary flow and the severity or frequency of drooling. However, the network meta-analysis did not differentiate between the botulinum toxin types. Ipratropium bromide and glycopyrrolate did not differ from the placebo. Indirect evidence showed that ipratropium had similar results to those obtained with both types of botulinum toxin. The CINeMA approach estimated the quality of the evidence as very low for all comparisons. CONCLUSION The best treatment for sialorrhea in patients with PD is not fully elucidated yet. Therefore, more well-conducted randomized clinical trials are required to increase the level of evidence. CLINICAL RELEVANCE There needs to be more evidence defining the best intervention to treat sialorrhea in patients with PD. However, botulinum toxin types A and B seem to reduce sialorrhea in patients effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Carlos Santos Junior
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Sergipe, Rua Cláudio Batista, S/N, Sanatório, Aracaju, SE, 49.060-108, Brazil
| | - José Ronaldo Santos
- Behavioral and Evolutionary Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Av. Vereador Olímpio Grande, S/N, Itabaiana, SE, 49506-036, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Reis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Avenida Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Bloco M, Sala 04, Ponta Grossa, PR, 84030-900, Brazil
| | - André Luís Faria-E-Silva
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Sergipe, Rua Cláudio Batista, S/N, Sanatório, Aracaju, SE, 49.060-108, Brazil
| | - Pollyana Caldeira Leal
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Sergipe, Rua Cláudio Batista, S/N, Sanatório, Aracaju, SE, 49.060-108, Brazil.
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Tan C, Ai J, Zhu Y. mTORC1-Dependent Protein and Parkinson's Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13040536. [PMID: 37190500 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13040536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mTOR pathway is crucial in controlling the growth, differentiation, and survival of neurons, and its pharmacological targeting has promising potential as a treatment for Parkinson's disease. However, the function of mTORC1 downstream proteins, such as RPS6K, EIF4EBP, EIF-4E, EIF-4G, and EIF4A, in PD development remains unclear. METHODS We performed a Mendelian randomization study to evaluate the causal relationship between mTORC1 downstream proteins and Parkinson's disease. We utilized various MR methods, including inverse-variance-weighted, weighted median, MR-Egger, MR-PRESSO, and MR-RAPS, and conducted sensitivity analyses to identify potential pleiotropy and heterogeneity. RESULTS The genetic proxy EIF4EBP was found to be inversely related to PD risk (OR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.67-0.92, p = 0.003), with the results from WM, MR-PRESSO, and MR-RAPS being consistent. The plasma protein levels of EIF4G were also observed to show a suggestive protective effect on PD (OR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.75-0.97, p = 0.014). No clear causal effect was found for the genetically predicted RP-S6K, EIF-4E, and EIF-4A on PD risk. Sensitivity analyses showed no significant imbalanced pleiotropy or heterogeneity, indicating that the MR estimates were robust and independent. CONCLUSION Our unbiased MR study highlights the protective role of serum EIF4EBP levels in PD, suggesting that the pharmacological activation of EIF4EBP activity could be a promising treatment option for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Tan
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jianzhong Ai
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ye Zhu
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Arslan ME, Türkez H, Sevim Y, Selvitopi H, Kadi A, Öner S, Mardinoğlu A. Costunolide and Parthenolide Ameliorate MPP+ Induced Apoptosis in the Cellular Parkinson's Disease Model. Cells 2023; 12:cells12070992. [PMID: 37048065 PMCID: PMC10093699 DOI: 10.3390/cells12070992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) is an enzyme that metabolizes several chemicals, including dopamine. MAO-B inhibitors are used in the treatment of Parkinson's Disease (PD), and the inhibition of this enzyme reduces dopamine turnover and oxidative stress. The absence of dopamine results in PD pathogenesis originating from decreased Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and elevated oxidative stress. Here, we performed a molecular docking analysis for the potential use of costunolide and parthenolide terpenoids as potential MAO-B inhibitors in the treatment of PD. Neuroprotective properties of plant-originated costunolide and parthenolide terpenoids were investigated in a cellular PD model that was developed by using MPP+ toxicity. We investigated neuroprotection mechanisms through the analysis of oxidative stress parameters, acetylcholinesterase activity and apoptotic cell death ratios. Our results showed that 100 µg/mL and 50 µg/mL of costunolide, and 50 µg/mL of parthenolide applied to the cellular disease model ameliorated the cytotoxicity caused by MPP+ exposure. We found that acetylcholinesterase activity assays exhibited that terpenoids could ameliorate and restore the enzyme activity as in negative control levels. The oxidative stress parameter analyses revealed that terpenoid application could enhance antioxidant levels and decrease oxidative stress in the cultures. In conclusion, we reported that these two terpenoid molecules could be used in the development of efficient treatment strategies for PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Enes Arslan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, 25100 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Hasan Türkez
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Sevim
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, 25100 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Harun Selvitopi
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, 25100 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Abdurrahim Kadi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, 25100 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Sena Öner
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, 25100 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Adil Mardinoğlu
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SE-17121 Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
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Choi YJ, Yeo HJ, Shin MJ, Youn GS, Park JH, Yeo EJ, Kwon HJ, Lee LR, Kim NY, Kwon SY, Kim SM, Kim DW, Jung HY, Kwon OS, Lee CH, Park JK, Lee KW, Han KH, Park J, Eum WS, Choi SY. Tat-GSTpi Inhibits Dopaminergic Cells against MPP+-Induced Cellular Damage via the Reduction of Oxidative Stress and MAPK Activation. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030836. [PMID: 36979816 PMCID: PMC10045456 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferase pi (GSTpi) is a member of the GST family and plays many critical roles in cellular processes, including anti-oxidative and signal transduction. However, the role of anti-oxidant enzyme GSTpi against dopaminergic neuronal cell death has not been fully investigated. In the present study, we investigated the roles of cell permeable Tat-GSTpi fusion protein in a SH-SY5Y cell and a Parkinson’s disease (PD) mouse model. In the 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-exposed cells, Tat-GSTpi protein decreased DNA damage and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Furthermore, this fusion protein increased cell viability by regulating MAPKs, Bcl-2, and Bax signaling. In addition, Tat-GSTpi protein delivered into the substantia nigra (SN) of mice brains protected dopaminergic neuronal cell death in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD animal model. Our results indicate that the Tat-GSTpi protein inhibited cell death from MPP+- and MPTP-induced damage, suggesting that it plays a protective role during the loss of dopaminergic neurons in PD and that it could help to identify the mechanism responsible for neurodegenerative diseases, including PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Joo Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Ji Yeo
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jea Shin
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi Soo Youn
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hwan Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ji Yeo
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Lee Re Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Yeon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Yeon Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Min Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Young Jung
- Department of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Oh-Shin Kwon
- School of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Hee Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Kook Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Wook Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Hyung Han
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinseu Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Sik Eum
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (W.S.E.); (S.Y.C.); Tel.: +82-(33)-2483221 (W.S.E.); +82-(33)-2482112 (S.Y.C.); Fax: +82-(33)-2483202 (W.S.E. & S.Y.C.)
| | - Soo Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (W.S.E.); (S.Y.C.); Tel.: +82-(33)-2483221 (W.S.E.); +82-(33)-2482112 (S.Y.C.); Fax: +82-(33)-2483202 (W.S.E. & S.Y.C.)
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Development of Small Molecules Targeting α-Synuclein Aggregation: A Promising Strategy to Treat Parkinson’s Disease. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030839. [PMID: 36986700 PMCID: PMC10059018 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease, the second most common neurodegenerative disorder worldwide, is characterized by the accumulation of protein deposits in the dopaminergic neurons. These deposits are primarily composed of aggregated forms of α-Synuclein (α-Syn). Despite the extensive research on this disease, only symptomatic treatments are currently available. However, in recent years, several compounds, mainly of an aromatic character, targeting α-Syn self-assembly and amyloid formation have been identified. These compounds, discovered by different approaches, are chemically diverse and exhibit a plethora of mechanisms of action. This work aims to provide a historical overview of the physiopathology and molecular aspects associated with Parkinson’s disease and the current trends in small compound development to target α-Syn aggregation. Although these molecules are still under development, they constitute an important step toward discovering effective anti-aggregational therapies for Parkinson’s disease.
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Xu J, Chen TY, Tai CH, Hsu SH. Bioactive self-healing hydrogel based on tannic acid modified gold nano-crosslinker as an injectable brain implant for treating Parkinson's disease. Biomater Res 2023; 27:8. [PMID: 36755333 PMCID: PMC9909866 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-023-00347-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common long-term neurodegenerative diseases. Current treatments for PD are mostly based on surgery and medication because of the limitation and challenges in selecting proper biomaterials. In this study, an injectable bioactive hydrogel based on novel tannic acid crosslinker was developed to treat PD. METHODS The oxidized tannic acid modified gold nano-crosslinker was synthesized and used to effectively crosslink chitosan for preparation of the bioactive self-healing hydrogel. The crosslinking density, conductivity, self-healing ability, and injectability of the hydrogel were characterized. Abilities of the hydrogel to promote the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) were assessed in vitro. Anti-inflammatory property was analyzed on J774A.1 macrophages. The hydrogel was injected in the PD rat model for evaluation of the motor function recovery, electrophysiological performance improvement, and histological repair. RESULTS The hydrogel exhibited self-healing property and 34G (~ 80 μm) needle injectability. NSCs grown in the hydrogel displayed long-term proliferation and differentiation toward neurons in vitro. Besides, the hydrogel owned strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidative capabilities to rescue inflamed NSCs (~ 90%). Brain injection of the bioactive hydrogel recovered the motor function of PD rats. Electrophysiological measurements showed evident alleviation of irregular discharge of nerve cells in the subthalamic nucleus of PD rats administered with the hydrogel. Histological examination confirmed that the hydrogel alone significantly increased the density of tyrosine hydroxylase positive neurons and fibers as well as reduced inflammation, with a high efficacy similar to drug-loaded hydrogel. CONCLUSION The new bioactive hydrogel serves as an effective brain injectable implant to treat PD and a promising biomaterial for developing novel strategies to treat brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junpeng Xu
- grid.19188.390000 0004 0546 0241Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617 Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tsai-Yu Chen
- grid.19188.390000 0004 0546 0241Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617 Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chun-Hwei Tai
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, No.7, Zhongshan South Road, Zhongzheng District, Taipei, 100225, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Shan-hui Hsu
- grid.19188.390000 0004 0546 0241Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617 Taiwan, Republic of China ,grid.59784.370000000406229172Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35 Keyan Road, Miaoli, 35053 Taiwan, Republic of China
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Phukan BC, Roy R, Paul R, Mazumder MK, Nath J, Bhattacharya P, Borah A. Traversing through the cell signaling pathways of neuroprotection by betanin: therapeutic relevance to Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson's Disease. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:805-817. [PMID: 36745251 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01177-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Modulation of cell signaling pathways is the key area of research towards the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. Altered Nrf2-Keap1-ARE (Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2-Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1-Antioxidant responsive element) and SIRT1 (Sirtuin 1) cell signaling pathways are considered to play major role in the etiology and pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Strikingly, betanin, a betanidin 5-O-β-D-glucoside compound is reported to show commendable anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects in several disease studies including AD and PD. The present review discusses the pre-clinical studies demonstrating the neuroprotective effects of betanin by virtue of its potential to ameliorate oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, abnormal protein aggregation and cell death. It highlights the direct linkage between the neuroprotective abilities of betanin and upregulation of the Nrf2-Keap1-ARE and SIRT1 signaling pathways. The review further hypothesizes the involvement of the betanin-Nrf2-ARE route in the inhibition of beta-amyloid aggregation through beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), one of the pivotal hallmarks of AD. The present review hereby for the first time elaborately discusses the reported neuroprotective abilities of betanin and decodes the Nrf2 and SIRT1 modulating potential of betanin as a primary mechanism of action behind, hence highlighting it as a novel drug candidate for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banashree Chetia Phukan
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India, 788011
| | - Rubina Roy
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India, 788011
| | - Rajib Paul
- Department of Zoology, Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya Adarsha Mahavidyalaya (PDUAM), Eraligool, Karimganj, Assam, India, 788723
| | | | - Joyobrato Nath
- Department of Zoology, Cachar College, Silchar, Assam, India, 788001
| | - Pallab Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, 382355, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Anupom Borah
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India, 788011.
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Intermittent fasting protects the nigral dopaminergic neurons from MPTP-mediated dopaminergic neuronal injury in mice. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 112:109212. [PMID: 36370926 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Dietary restriction through low-calorie intake or intermittent fasting benefits many organs, including the brain. This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of fasting in a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mouse model of Parkinson's disease. We found that fasting every other day rather than weekly increased the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glial-derived neurotrophic factor in the nigrostriatal pathway. Therefore, we maintained the animals on alternate-day fasting for 2 weeks and injected MPTP (30 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneally [i.p.]) for five days. We observed that alternate-day fasting attenuated MPTP-induced dopaminergic neuronal loss and astroglial activation in the substantia nigra and the striatum. Moreover, neurochemical analysis using high-performance liquid chromatography showed that alternate-day fasting reduced MPTP-induced depletion of striatal dopamine. Consistent with these results, behavioral tests showed that fasting suppressed the motor impairment caused by MPTP. Furthermore, fasting increased the phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase and protein kinase B, which are downstream signaling molecules of neurotrophic factors. Fasting also increased the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase and cAMP response element-binding protein, further supporting the involvement of neurotrophic factors in the observed neuroprotective effects. Hence, our results demonstrated the dopaminergic neuroprotection of intermittent fasting in an MPTP mouse model of Parkinson's disease, supporting the idea that fasting could be an instrumental tool for preventing neurodegeneration in the brain.
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Microglial Activation in Metal Neurotoxicity: Impact in Neurodegenerative Diseases. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:7389508. [PMID: 36760476 PMCID: PMC9904912 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7389508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative processes encompass a large variety of diseases with different pathological patterns and clinical features, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Exposure to metals has been hypothesized to increase oxidative stress in brain cells leading to cell death and neurodegeneration. Neurotoxicity of metals has been demonstrated by several in vitro and in vivo experimental studies, and most probably, each metal has its specific pathway to trigger cell death. As a result, exposure to essential metals, such as manganese, iron, copper, zinc, and cobalt, and nonessential metals, including lead, aluminum, and cadmium, perturbs metal homeostasis at the cellular and organism levels leading to neurodegeneration. In this contribution, a comprehensive review of the molecular mechanisms by which metals affect microglia physiology and signaling properties is presented. Furthermore, studies that validate the disruption of microglia activation pathways as an essential mechanism of metal toxicity that can contribute to neurodegenerative disease are also presented and discussed.
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Perdigão JM, Teixeira BJB, Carvalho-da-Silva V, Prediger RD, Lima RR, Rogez H. A critical analysis on the concentrations of phenolic compounds tested using in vitro and in vivo Parkinson's disease models. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-20. [PMID: 36718558 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2171960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds (PCs) have neuroprotective effects with potential to prevent or slower the progression of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, whether the PCs neuroprotective effects can be observed under their dietary concentrations remains unclear. Therefore, we searched for the most cited articles in density on PCs and PD in the Web of Science Core Collection and All-Database (WoS-CC/AD) and selected the articles based on our eligibility criteria. From these 81 articles selected, we extracted information on experimental design, compounds tested, concentration and/or dose administered, route of administration, and main results obtained. We compared the concentrations of PCs evaluated in vitro with the concentrations bioavailable in the human bloodstream. Further, after extrapolation to humans, we compared the doses administered to animals in vivo with the daily consumed amounts of PCs. Concentrations evaluated in 21 in vitro laboratory studies were higher than those bioavailable in the bloodstream. In the case of in vivo laboratory studies, only one study administered doses of PCs in normal daily amount. The results of the comparisons demonstrate that the neuroprotective effects of the selected articles are mainly associated with concentrations, amounts and routes of administration that do not correspond to the consumption of phenolic compounds through the diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Messias Perdigão
- Centre for Valorization of Amazonian Bioactive Compounds, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rui Daniel Prediger
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Rafael Rodrigues Lima
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Herve Rogez
- Centre for Valorization of Amazonian Bioactive Compounds, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
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Xie D, Deng T, Zhai Z, Sun T, Xu Y. The cellular model for Alzheimer's disease research: PC12 cells. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 15:1016559. [PMID: 36683856 PMCID: PMC9846650 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1016559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common age-related neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive cognitive decline and irreversible memory impairment. Currently, several studies have failed to fully elucidate AD's cellular and molecular mechanisms. For this purpose, research on related cellular models may propose potential predictive models for the drug development of AD. Therefore, many cells characterized by neuronal properties are widely used to mimic the pathological process of AD, such as PC12, SH-SY5Y, and N2a, especially the PC12 pheochromocytoma cell line. Thus, this review covers the most systematic essay that used PC12 cells to study AD. We depict the cellular source, culture condition, differentiation methods, transfection methods, drugs inducing AD, general approaches (evaluation methods and metrics), and in vitro cellular models used in parallel with PC12 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danni Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenwei Zhai
- School of Medical Information Engineering, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Medical Information Engineering, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Xu
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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