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Amoah K, Cai J, Huang Y, Wang B, Shija VM, Wang Z, Jin X, Cai S, Lu Y, Jian J. Identification and characterization of four Bacillus species from the intestine of hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀ × E. lanceolatus♂), their antagonistic role on common pathogenic bacteria, and effects on intestinal health. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 152:109795. [PMID: 39069109 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
As an alternative to the criticized antibiotics, probiotics have been adopted for their eco-friendly nature and ability to enhance host growth and immunity. Nevertheless, reports suggest ineffectiveness in commercially available probiotics since most are from non-fish sources; thus, this study was envisaged to isolate and characterize new Bacillus spp. from the gut of hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus♂) which could serve as potential probiotics. The isolation and characterization were performed based on their morphological and biochemical properties, and 16S rRNA sequencing homology analysis. A subsequent 30-day in vivo biosafety feeding trial was conducted to ascertain isolates' non-pathogenicity, as well as their effects on fish growth, and intestinal mucosal microvilli via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. Four Bacillus spp. strains, namely, B. velezensis strain PGSAK01 (accession number OQ726606), B. stercoris strain PGSAK05 (accession number OQ726607), B. velezensis strain PGSAK17 (accession number OQ726601), and B. subtilis strain PGSAK19 (accession number OQ726605), were identified and characterized in the current study. The strains showed promising probiotic properties such higher adhesion capability, higher thermotolerance, displaying higher survivability to 0.5 % bile, lower pH tolerance, γ-haemolytic activity, and multispecies characteristics. Among the 24 antibiotics tested, while all isolates showed susceptibility to 21, the PGSAK01 strain showed resistance to furazolidone antibiotics. None of the isolates showed possession of i) virulence factor genes encoding enterotoxigenic (hblA, hblC, hblD, nheA, nheB, and entFM) and emetic (cereulide synthetase gene, ces) genes, and ii) streptomycin resistance gene (vat c), ampicillin-resistant genes (mecA and bla), and vancomycin-resistant gene (van B). Nevertheless, the PGSAK01 and PGSAK17 strains showed possession of tek K, cat, and ant(4')-Ia (adenylyltransferase) (except the PGSAK01) resistant genes. All isolates displayed better antimicrobial effects against pathogenic bacteria Streptococcus agalactiae, S. iniae, Vibrio harveyi, and V. alginolyticus. The in vivo biosafety trial involved hybrid grouper fish being grouped into five (average weight 32 ± 0.94 g), namely, the group fed the basal diet void of isolate's supplementation (control), and the remaining four groups fed the basal diet with 1 × 108 CFU/g diet of individual strain PGSAK01, PGSAK05, PGSAK17, and PGSAK19 supplementation. At the end of the study, a significantly higher WGR, K (except the PGSAK01 group), VSI; lysozyme (except PGSAK01 group), total antioxidant activity, alkaline phosphatase, superoxide dismutase enzyme activities; highly dense intestinal mucosal villi (based on the scanning electron microscopy analysis); and significantly lower malondialdehyde levels were witnessed in the isolated treated groups compared to the control, supporting the results obtained in the auto-aggregation and cell-surface hydrophobicity test. This work's results have provided thought-provoking targets; thus, studies involving extensive genome sequencing and functional annotation analysis will be explored to offer unfathomable insights into their mechanisms of action and potential health benefits, further establishing the four Bacillus strains' (PGSAK01, PGSAK05, PGSAK17, and PGSAK19) potential role in probiotic fields and functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwaku Amoah
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Centre for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 327005, China.
| | - Jia Cai
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Centre for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 327005, China
| | - Yu Huang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Centre for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 327005, China
| | - Bei Wang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Centre for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 327005, China
| | - Vicent Michael Shija
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Zhiwen Wang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Centre for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 327005, China
| | - Xiao Jin
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Centre for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 327005, China
| | - Shuanghu Cai
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Centre for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 327005, China
| | - Yishan Lu
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Centre for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 327005, China
| | - Jichang Jian
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Centre for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 327005, China.
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Souza RJF, Matos ER, da Silva Souza AL, Fazzi-Gomes PF, de Melo NFAC, Owatari MS, Palheta GDA, Takata R, Sterzelecki FC. Dietary effect of multi-strain prebiotics and probiotics on growth, hemato-biochemical parameters, intestinal histomorphometry, and resistance to hypoxia in juvenile tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum). Vet Res Commun 2024; 48:1061-1072. [PMID: 38072900 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-023-10279-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of a multi-strain prebiotics and probiotics on the diet of tambaqui Colossoma macropomum. One hundred and fifty juvenile tambaqui (20.2 ± 3.6 g and 10.32 ± 5.78 cm) were randomly distributed in 15 experimental units with a volume of 80 L and fed for 45 days with a diet containing the symbiotic additive at five inclusion levels (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 g kg feed- 1). At the end of the period, growth performance, survival, hemato-biochemical and intestinal parameters, as well as the fish's resistance to stress were evaluated. The additive did not alter the growth performance, hemato-biochemical and intestinal parameters of the tambaqui. However, the hemato-biochemical parameters of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), plasma protein, hematocrit, glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol showed differences between treatments after the stress challenge. AST increased significantly during challenge and post-challenge. Plasma protein increased significantly during and after the challenge. The hematocrit was highest at 48 h after the challenge and lowest in the 2 g, 6 g and 8 g groups. Glucose was significantly reduced 24 h after the challenge, while triglycerides were lower 24 h and 48 h after the challenge. Cholesterol increased significantly in the challenge. There was an interaction between the factors sampling time and symbiotic concentration for hematocrit and glucose. In hypoxic stress situations, the 2 g concentration was more favorable for the fish. We recommend further studies with 2 g kg feed- 1 in trials lasting more than 45 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael José Furtado Souza
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Aquicultura e Recursos Aquáticos Tropicais, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Instituto Socioambiental e dos Recursos Hídricos, Avenida Presidente Tancredo Neves, Nº 2501 Bairro: Terra Firme Cep: 66, Belém, PA, 077-830, Brasil
| | - Edilson Rodrigues Matos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Aquicultura e Recursos Aquáticos Tropicais, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Instituto Socioambiental e dos Recursos Hídricos, Avenida Presidente Tancredo Neves, Nº 2501 Bairro: Terra Firme Cep: 66, Belém, PA, 077-830, Brasil
| | - Aldry Lorran da Silva Souza
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Aquicultura e Recursos Aquáticos Tropicais, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Instituto Socioambiental e dos Recursos Hídricos, Avenida Presidente Tancredo Neves, Nº 2501 Bairro: Terra Firme Cep: 66, Belém, PA, 077-830, Brasil
| | - Paola Fabiana Fazzi-Gomes
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Aquicultura e Recursos Aquáticos Tropicais, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Instituto Socioambiental e dos Recursos Hídricos, Avenida Presidente Tancredo Neves, Nº 2501 Bairro: Terra Firme Cep: 66, Belém, PA, 077-830, Brasil
| | - Nuno Filipe Alves Correia de Melo
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Aquicultura e Recursos Aquáticos Tropicais, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Instituto Socioambiental e dos Recursos Hídricos, Avenida Presidente Tancredo Neves, Nº 2501 Bairro: Terra Firme Cep: 66, Belém, PA, 077-830, Brasil
| | - Marco Shizuo Owatari
- Aquaculture Department, Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory - AQUOS, Federal University of Santa Catarina (CCA/UFSC), Rodovia Admar Gonzaga 1346, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil.
| | - Glauber David Almeida Palheta
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Aquicultura e Recursos Aquáticos Tropicais, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Instituto Socioambiental e dos Recursos Hídricos, Avenida Presidente Tancredo Neves, Nº 2501 Bairro: Terra Firme Cep: 66, Belém, PA, 077-830, Brasil
| | - Rodrigo Takata
- Fundação Instituto de Pesca do Estado do Rio de Janeiro -FIPERJ, Avenida Presidente Vargas, 197, Cordeiro, RJ, CEP 28540000, Brasil
| | - Fabio Carneiro Sterzelecki
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Aquicultura e Recursos Aquáticos Tropicais, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Instituto Socioambiental e dos Recursos Hídricos, Avenida Presidente Tancredo Neves, Nº 2501 Bairro: Terra Firme Cep: 66, Belém, PA, 077-830, Brasil
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Yousuf S, Tyagi A, Singh R. Probiotic Supplementation as an Emerging Alternative to Chemical Therapeutics in Finfish Aquaculture: a Review. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023; 15:1151-1168. [PMID: 35904730 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-022-09971-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Aquaculture is a promising food sector to fulfil nutritional requirements of growing human population. Live weight aquaculture production reached up to 114.5 million tonnes in 2018 and it is further expected to grow by 32% by year 2030. Among total aquaculture production, major product harvested is finfish and its contribution has reached 46% in recent years. Frequent outbreaks of infectious diseases create obstacle in finfish production, result in economic losses to the farmers and threaten the sustainability of aquaculture industry itself. In spite of following the best management practices, the use of antibiotics, chemotherapeutics and phytochemicals often become the method of choice in finfish culture. Among these, phytochemicals have shown lesser effect in animal welfare while antibiotics and other chemotherapeutics have led to negative consequences like emergence of drug-resistant bacteria, and accumulation of residues in host and culture system, resulting in quality degradation of aqua products. Making use of probiotics as viable alternative has paved a way for sustainable aquaculture and minimise the use of antibiotics and other chemotherapeutics that pose adverse effect on host and culture system. This review paper elucidates the knowledge about antibiotics and other chemicals, compilation of probiotics and their effects on health status of finfish as well as overall culture environment. Besides, concoction of probiotics and prebiotics for simultaneous application has also been discussed briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sufiara Yousuf
- Department of Zoology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Anuj Tyagi
- College of Fisheries, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Rahul Singh
- Department of Zoology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, 144411, India.
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De Marco G, Cappello T, Maisano M. Histomorphological Changes in Fish Gut in Response to Prebiotics and Probiotics Treatment to Improve Their Health Status: A Review. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2860. [PMID: 37760260 PMCID: PMC10525268 DOI: 10.3390/ani13182860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) promotes the digestion and absorption of feeds, in addition to the excretion of waste products of digestion. In fish, the GIT is divided into four regions, the headgut, foregut, midgut, and hindgut, to which glands and lymphoid tissues are associated to release digestive enzymes and molecules involved in the immune response and control of host-pathogens. The GIT is inhabited by different species of resident microorganisms, the microbiota, which have co-evolved with the host in a symbiotic relationship and are responsible for metabolic benefits and counteracting pathogen infection. There is a strict connection between a fish's gut microbiota and its health status. This review focuses on the modulation of fish microbiota by feed additives based on prebiotics and probiotics as a feasible strategy to improve fish health status and gut efficiency, mitigate emerging diseases, and maximize rearing and growth performance. Furthermore, the use of histological assays as a valid tool for fish welfare assessment is also discussed, and insights on nutrient absorptive capacity and responsiveness to pathogens in fish by gut morphological endpoints are provided. Overall, the literature reviewed emphasizes the complex interactions between microorganisms and host fish, shedding light on the beneficial use of prebiotics and probiotics in the aquaculture sector, with the potential to provide directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tiziana Cappello
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (G.D.M.); (M.M.)
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Amoah K, Tan B, Zhang S, Chi S, Yang Q, Liu H, Yang Y, Zhang H, Dong X. Host gut-derived Bacillus probiotics supplementation improves growth performance, serum and liver immunity, gut health, and resistive capacity against Vibrio harveyi infection in hybrid grouper ( ♀Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂ Epinephelus lanceolatus). ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2023; 14:163-184. [PMID: 37448647 PMCID: PMC10338153 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Several reports have revealed the vital role that probiotics play in fish growth and health. However, few works are available for host gut-derived probiotics on the growth, immunity, and gut microbiota of fish, especially in hybrid grouper (♀Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂Epinephelus lanceolatus) due to their isolation difficulty and functional verification. This study aimed at assessing 3 host gut-derived Bacillus species' effects on the growth, immune and antioxidant-biochemical responses, haematological parameters, intestinal morphology, immune-related gene expression, gut microbiota, and disease resistance against Vibrio harveyi in hybrid grouper. A total of 480 hybrid grouper (initial weight = 9.03 ± 0.02 g) were randomly allotted into 4 groups, namely, the group fed a basal diet without probiotic inclusion (control, B0), the group fed the basal diet with Bacillus velezensis GPSAK4 (BV), the group fed the basal diet with Bacillus subtilis GPSAK9 (BS), and the group fed the basal diet with Bacillus tequilensis GPSAK2 (BT) strains at 1.0 × 109 CFU/g. After a 6-week feeding trial, the results revealed significant improvements (P < 0.05) in the growth performance, whole fish-body proximate composition, blood haematological parameters, serum, liver, and intestinal biochemical indexes, intestinal morphology, and protection against V. harveyi pathogen in the probiotic-treated groups compared with the untreated. Additionally, the expressions of intestinal tight junction genes (occludin and ZO1), pro- and anti-inflammatory genes, including IL1β, IL6, IL8, TNFα, MyD88, IL10, and TGFβ, were upregulated (P < 0.05) after Bacillus species administration. Host gut-derived Bacillus supplementation shaped the gut microbiota by significantly increasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria (except the BS group), Acidobacteria (except the BT group), Cyanobacteria (except the BV and BT groups), and Verrucomicrobia phyla, as well as known beneficial genera (Romboutsia, Turicibacter, Epulopiscium, Clostridium_sensu_stricto 1 and 13, Lactobacillus, and Bacillus), but significantly decreased (P < 0.05) the abundance of Firmicutes, Chloroflexi, and Fusobacteria phyla, and purported pathogenic genera (Staphylococcus and Photobacterium) compared with the control group. Collectively, the results suggest that B. velezensis GPSAK4, B. subtilis GPSAK9 (especially this strain), B. tequilensis GPSAK2 dietary supplementation at 1.0 × 109 CFU/g has positive effects on the intestinal health of hybrid grouper via microbial composition modulation, thus enhancing the assimilation and absorption of nutrients to boost fish growth, immunity, and disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwaku Amoah
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, China
| | - Beiping Tan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, China
| | - Shuyan Chi
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, China
| | - Qihui Yang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, China
| | - Yuanzhi Yang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
| | - Haitao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, China
| | - Xiaohui Dong
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, China
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Yang B, Song H, Hu R, Tao L, Liang Z, Cong W, Kang Y. Weissella confusa N17 Derived from Loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) Exhibits Promising for Further Applications in Loach Aquaculture. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023:10.1007/s12602-023-10149-4. [PMID: 37632675 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10149-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
The application of probiotics, in aquaculture, is becoming increasingly widespread and have had positive application effects. However, reports of loach-derived probiotics are quite limited. In this study, two representative strains of lactic acid bacteria with excellent traits, namely, Weissella confusa N17 and Lactobacillus saniviri N19, were screened from the intestine of healthy loaches. W. confusa N17 and L. saniviri N19 could inhibit different common various pathogenic bacteria, especially Aeromonas spp., and were sensitive to the most common antibiotics. The survival rate of the two strains exceeded 50% after 4 h of incubation in 10% loach bile. Moreover, the two strains showed significant tolerance to trypsin. Their autoaggregation capacity and hydrophobicity were greater than 30%. In addition, the aggregation ability of both strains was higher than 30% for both A. veronii TH0426 and A. hydrophila TPS. The two strains had a high biofilm-forming ability and strong adhesion to epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cells. Scanning electron microscopy results showed that the culture supernatants of the two strains had a significantly destructive effect on A. veronii TH0426 and A. hydrophila TPS. Overall, the traits of W. confusa N17 were better than those of L. saniviri N19. Genome sequencing and analysis demonstrated a lack of virulence factor-related or drug resistance-related genes in genome N17. The diet supplemented with the W. confusa N17 strain significantly improved the resistance of loaches to A. veronii infection, and the protection rate reached 57.1%. Therefore, W. confusa N17 exhibits promising for further applications in loach aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bintong Yang
- Marine College, Shandong University/Key Laboratory of Modern Marine Ranching Technology of Weihai, Weihai, 264209, China
- Shandong Fu Han Ocean Sci-Tech Co., Ltd, Haiyang, 265100, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine/College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Haichao Song
- Marine College, Shandong University/Key Laboratory of Modern Marine Ranching Technology of Weihai, Weihai, 264209, China
| | - Renge Hu
- Marine College, Shandong University/Key Laboratory of Modern Marine Ranching Technology of Weihai, Weihai, 264209, China
| | - Luotao Tao
- College of Veterinary Medicine/College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Zhenlin Liang
- Marine College, Shandong University/Key Laboratory of Modern Marine Ranching Technology of Weihai, Weihai, 264209, China
| | - Wei Cong
- Marine College, Shandong University/Key Laboratory of Modern Marine Ranching Technology of Weihai, Weihai, 264209, China
| | - Yuanhuan Kang
- Marine College, Shandong University/Key Laboratory of Modern Marine Ranching Technology of Weihai, Weihai, 264209, China.
- College of Veterinary Medicine/College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Microecological Preparation, Tai'an, 271000, China.
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Jiang N, Hong B, Luo K, Li Y, Fu H, Wang J. Isolation of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus with Anti- Vibrio parahaemolyticus Activity and Identification of the Anti- Vibrio parahaemolyticus Substance. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1667. [PMID: 37512840 PMCID: PMC10385546 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The adoption of intensive farming has exacerbated disease outbreaks in aquaculture, particularly vibriosis caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The use of probiotics to control V. parahaemolyticus is recognized as a good alternative to antibiotics for avoiding the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. In this study, two strains of B. HLJ1 and B. C1 with strong inhibitory activity on V. parahaemolyticus were isolated from aquaculture water and identified as Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus, respectively. Both B. HLJ1 and B. C1 lacked antibiotic resistance and virulence genes, suggesting that they are safe for use in aquaculture. In addition, these two strains can tolerate acid environments, produce spores, secrete extracellular enzymes, and co-aggregate as well as auto-aggregate with V. parahaemolyticus. B. HLJ1 and B. C1 produced the same anti-V. parahaemolyticus substance, which was identified as AI-77-F and belongs to amicoumacins. Both B. C1 and B. HLJ1 showed inhibitory activity against 11 different V. parahaemolyticus and could effectively control the growth of V. parahaemolyticus in simulated aquaculture wastewater when the concentration of B. C1 and B. HLJ1 reached 1 × 107 CFU/mL. This study shows that B. HLJ1 and B. C1 have great potential as aquaculture probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Jiang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bin Hong
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kui Luo
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yanmei Li
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hongxin Fu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jufang Wang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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8
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Elsadek MM, Wang S, Wu Z, Wang J, Wang X, Zhang Y, Yu M, Guo Z, Wang Q, Wang G, Chen Y, Zhang D. Characterization of Bacillus spp. isolated from the intestines of Rhynchocypris lagowskii as a potential probiotic and their effects on fish pathogens. Microb Pathog 2023; 180:106163. [PMID: 37209775 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Probiotics sourced from fish intestinal microbiota have a merit over other bacterial sources due to colonization ability and effective time. This study aimed to evaluate the bacilli isolated from the Rhynchocypris lagowskii intestines and their validity as a probiotic. Three isolates were selected (LSG 2-5, LSG 3-7, and LSG 3-8) and defined by morphological and 16S rRNA analysis as Bacillus velezensis, Bacillus aryabhattai, and Bacillus mojavensis, respectively. Results showed the strain tolerant abilities to gastrointestinal fluid, bile salt, pH, and temperature expotures. Additionally, all bacterial strains showed anti-pathogenic activity against at least four strains out of six tested pathogen strains (Staphylococcus aureus, Aeromonas hydrophila, Escherichia coli, Aeromonas veronii, Edwardsiella, and Aeromonas sobria). The bacterial strains also showed a high percentage of co-aggregation activity, more than 70%, with Aer. hydrophile, Staph. epidermidis, and Klebsiella aerogenes. At the same time, the results of competition, rejection, and substitution activity with Aer. hydrophila and Aer. veronii indicated the ability of the isolated strains to reduce the adhesion of pathogens to mucin. All strains showed safety properties, non-hemolytic, and sensitivity characteristics for most of tested antibiotics. In vivo test after injecting these strains into fish at various concentrations showed no side effects in the internal or external organs of fish compared to controls, proving that this is safe for these fish. Furthermore, the three strains produced lipase, amylase, and protease enzymes. The strains also showed bile salt hydrolase activity and biofilm formation, allowing them to tolerate stressful conditions. Conclusion: Based on these strains characteristics and features, they could be considered a promising candidate probiotic and can be used as an anti-pathogenic, especially in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud M Elsadek
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; Department of Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Sibu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Zhenchao Wu
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Jiajing Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Yurou Zhang
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Mengnan Yu
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Zhixin Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; Tonghua Normal University, College of Life Science, Jilin, Tonghua, 134001, China
| | - Qiuju Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Guiqin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Yuke Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Dongming Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; Changchun University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Changchun, China.
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9
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Zhang N, Li J, Wang L, Wei Y, Emu Q, Xu F, Zhang L. Transcriptome analysis reveals the regulatory effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus pumilus on immune and digestive related genes in the spleen of weanling black goats. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:124. [PMID: 37055595 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01025-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fsznc-06 and Bacillus pumilus fsznc-09 on the expressions of spleen genes in weanling Jintang black goats. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fsznc-06 (BA-treated group) and Bacillus pumilus fsznc-09 (BP-treated group) were directly fed to goats, and the spleens were harvested for transcriptome analysis. The KEGG pathway analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in BA-treated vs CON group were mainly involved in digestive system and immune system, while those in BP-treated vs CON group were mainly involved in immune system, and those in BA-treated vs BP-treated group were mainly involved in digestive system. In conclusion, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fsznc-06 might promote the expressions of genes related to immune system and digestive system, reduce the expressions of disease genes related to digestive system and might promote mutual accommodation of some immune genes in weanling black goat. Bacillus pumilus fsznc-09 might promote the expressions of genes related to immune system and mutual accommodation of some immune genes in weanling black goat. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fsznc-06 has advantages over Bacillus pumilus fsznc-09 in promoting the expressions of genes related to digestive system and mutual accommodation of some immune genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanchi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Science of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of China, Southwest Minzu University, No.16, South Fourth Section, First Ring Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Juan Li
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Science of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of China, Southwest Minzu University, No.16, South Fourth Section, First Ring Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Science of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of China, Southwest Minzu University, No.16, South Fourth Section, First Ring Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Yong Wei
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Sciences Academy, No.7, Niusha Road, Chengdu, 610066, China.
| | - Quzhe Emu
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Sciences Academy, No.7, Niusha Road, Chengdu, 610066, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Sciences Academy, No.7, Niusha Road, Chengdu, 610066, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Sciences Academy, No.7, Niusha Road, Chengdu, 610066, China
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10
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Yousuf S, Jamal MT, Al-Farawati RK, Al-Mur BA, Singh R. Evaluation of Bacillus paramycoides Strains Isolated from Channa Fish sp. on Growth Performance of Labeo rohita Fingerlings Challenged by Fish Pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila MTCC 12301. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11040842. [PMID: 37110265 PMCID: PMC10141853 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11040842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics play vital roles in improving growth, survival, and immune responses and inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria in freshwater fish. This study was conducted to isolate potential probiotics from Channa punctatus and Channa striatus and to evaluate their effect on Labeo rohita fingerlings. Among the isolates, Bacillus paramycoides PBG9D and BCS10 (1) exhibited antimicrobial activity against the fish pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila. Both strains showed tolerance to acidic and alkaline pH (2, 3, 4, 7, and 9) and bile salts (0.3%) and exhibited strong adhesion capacity. After in-vitro assessment, these strains were evaluated on the growth performances of rohu fingerlings challenged by Aeromonas hydrophila for 4 weeks. The study consisted of six groups, each containing 6 fish. Group (I) was the control, fed a basal diet; group (II) contained a pathogen and was also fed a basal diet; group (III & IV) was given a probiotic supplemented experimental diet; Fourth group (V & VI) contained a pathogen and was given a probiotic supplemented experimental diet. After the 12th day of experiment, rohu fingerlings of pathogen (II) and probiotic + pathogen (V & VI) groups were intraperitoneally injected with 0.1 mL of Aeromonas hydrophila. After 4 weeks, no significant differences in weight gain, weight gain %, and feed conversion ratio were observed in probiotic (III & IV)- fed groups compared to control. However, the specific growth rate was significantly improved in probiotic fed groups compared to other groups. Survival rate and condition factor were significantly similar in all groups. After injection, abnormal swimming, loss of appetite and weight loss were observed in the pathogen (II) group, while no such symptoms were found in the probiotic + pathogen (V & VI)- groups, confirming the effects of probiotics. The overall results of the study revealed that dietary supplementation with Bacillus paramycoides strains could improve the specific growth rate and disease resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila in Labeo rohita.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sufiara Yousuf
- Department of Zoology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Mamdoh T. Jamal
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.T.J.); (R.S.)
| | - Radwan Kahalid Al-Farawati
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bandar Ahmad Al-Mur
- Department of Environmental Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rahul Singh
- Department of Zoology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
- Correspondence: (M.T.J.); (R.S.)
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11
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Rahman MM, Paul SI, Rahman A, Haque MS, Ador MAA, Foysal MJ, Islam MT, Rahman MM. Suppression of Streptococcosis and Modulation of the Gut Bacteriome in Nile Tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus) by the Marine Sediment Bacteria Bacillus haynesii and Advenella mimigardefordensis. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0254222. [PMID: 36453920 PMCID: PMC9769507 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02542-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcosis is one of the major threats to Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in most regions of the world. Recently, Enterococcus faecalis has been widely reported to be involved in streptococcosis in O. niloticus in Asia and Africa. This study aimed to isolate beneficial marine bacteria to evaluate their effects on growth, hematological parameters, nonspecific immunity, the gut bacteriome, and streptococcosis prevention efficacy in O. niloticus. A total of 36 marine soil bacteria were isolated, and in vitro screening was conducted to determine their antibacterial activities against fish pathogens. Two antagonistic bacteria were identified based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing, Bacillus haynesii CD223 and Advenella mimigardefordensis SM421. These bacteria were incorporated into fish feed and fed to O. niloticus for 90 days. The application of these strains via incorporation into fish feed significantly promoted growth, improved hematological parameters and immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels, modulated the gut bacteriome by reducing the load of pathogenic Enterococcus spp., and developed disease prevention efficacy in O. niloticus. Furthermore, in vivo assays revealed that the inclusion of extracellular products (ECPs) (at 250 μg mL-1) of CD223 and SM421 with feed significantly enhanced the rate of survival (100%) of O. niloticus from streptococcosis compared to the controls (only 30%). The ECPs of these bacteria also prevented 90 to 100% of fish from developing streptococcosis. These strains could be promising for safe use in O. niloticus farming to prevent and control the emergence of streptococcosis caused by E. faecalis. IMPORTANCE Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is one of the most economically important cultured fish species throughout the world. Streptococcosis is a significant threat to global Nile tilapia farming. Enterococcus faecalis has recently emerged as an important pathogen of streptococcosis in Asia and Africa. The application of antibiotics and probiotics and vaccination are the major ways to combat streptococcosis. However, the extensive use of antibiotics leads to the development of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic as well as environmental bacteria, which is a great threat to public health. There is no study on preventing streptococcosis caused by E. faecalis using beneficial bacteria. For the first time, the present study demonstrated that two marine bacteria, Bacillus haynesii strain CD223 and Advenella mimigardefordensis strain SM421, have great potential for controlling streptococcosis in Nile tilapia. These bacteria also enhanced the growth, improved hematological parameters and IgM levels, and positively modulated the gut bacteriome of Nile tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mahfuzur Rahman
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Sulav Indra Paul
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Ashikur Rahman
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shameul Haque
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ali Arman Ador
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Md Javed Foysal
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Md Tofazzal Islam
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mahbubur Rahman
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
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12
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Huynh-Phuoc V, Ly TQ, Purbiantoro W, Ngo HVT, Afonso F, Vu NU, Cheng TC. Bacillus safensis isolated from white-leg shrimp, Penaeus vannamei in Taiwan with antagonistic activity against common Vibrio pathogens. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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13
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Wang J, Wu Z, Wang S, Wang X, Zhang D, Wang Q, Lin L, Wang G, Guo Z, Chen Y. Inhibitory effect of probiotic Bacillus spp. isolated from the digestive tract of Rhynchocypris Lagowskii on the adhesion of common pathogenic bacteria in the intestinal model. Microb Pathog 2022; 169:105623. [PMID: 35691482 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Diseases of fish caused by pathogenic bacteria are an important constraint on aquaculture production. Antibiotics have been widely used to control infectious diseases, but this has led to the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria and affected human health. In this context, probiotics are used as an alternative to antibiotics for the prevention and control of diseases in aquaculture. The aim of this study was to obtain probiotic candidate strains of Bacillus spp. from the gut of Rhynchocypris Lagowskii. Strains were screened by enzyme-producing ability, antagonism assay and antibiotic susceptibility. The safety of the strains to host fish has also been established. The isolated Bacillus licheniformis (LSG1-1) and Bacillus subtilis (LSG2-1) were characterized and performed well in tolerance experiments. In addition, LSG1-1 and LSG2-1 were detected to have higher self-aggregation ability and surface hydrophobicity. In the in vitro adhesion model, LSG1-1 and LSG2-1 showed good adhesion ability and had obvious adhesion inhibitory effect on three pathogens of Aeromonas. Based on the characteristics observed so far, Bacillus licheniformis LSG1-1 and Bacillus subtilis LSG2-1 could form potential probiotic candidates in the digestive tract of R. lagowskii to help combat diseases in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajing Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Zhenchao Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Seng Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Dongming Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Qiuju Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Lili Lin
- Fisheries Technology Promotion Station of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Guiqin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Zhixin Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; College of Life Sciences, Tonghua Normal University, Tonghua, 134001, China
| | - Yuke Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
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14
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Dietary supplementation with Weissella cibaria C-10 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens T-5 enhance immunity against Aeromonas veronii infection in crucian carp (Carassiu auratus). Microb Pathog 2022; 167:105559. [PMID: 35568093 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
With the aim to discover novel lactic acid bacteria and Bacillus strains from fish as potential probiotics to replace antibiotics in aquaculture, the present study was conducted to isolate lactic acid bacteria and Bacillus from intestinal tract of healthy crucian carp (Carassiu auratus) and largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) and evaluate their resistance against Aeromonas veronii. Based on the evaluation of antibacterial activity and tolerance test, one strain of lactic acid bacteria (Weissella cibaria C-10) and one strain of Bacillus (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens T-5) with strong environmental stability were screened out. The safety evaluation showed that these two strains were non-toxic to crucian carp and were sensitive to most antibiotics. In vivo study, the crucian carps were fed a basal diet supplemented with W. cibaria C-10 (C-10), B. amyloliquefaciens T-5 (T-5) and W. cibaria C-10 + B. amyloliquefaciens T-5 (C-10+T-5), respectively, for 5 weeks. Then, various immune parameters were measured at 35 days of post-feeding. Results showed both probiotics could improve the activities of related immune enzymes, immune factors and non-specific immune antibodies in blood and organs (gill, gut, kidney, liver, and spleen) of crucian carp in varying degrees. Moreover, after 7 days of challenge experiment, the survival rates after challenged with A. veronii of W. cibaria C-10 (C-10), B. amyloliquefaciens T-5 (T-5) and W. cibaria C-10 + B. amyloliquefaciens T-5 (C-10+T-5) supplemented groups to the crucian carps were 20%, 33% and 22%, respectively. Overall, W. cibaria C-10 and B. amyloliquefaciens T-5 could be considered to be developed into microecological preparations for the alternatives of antibiotics in aquaculture.
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15
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Evaluation of probiotic susceptibility of virulent Aeromonas sp. by a study on gut histology of Cyprinus carpio. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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16
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Kuebutornye FKA, Lu Y, Abarike ED, Wang Z, Li Y, Sakyi ME. In vitro Assessment of the Probiotic Characteristics of Three Bacillus Species from the Gut of Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 12:412-424. [PMID: 31243734 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-019-09562-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Probiotics used in aquaculture are mostly from non-fish sources, as a result ineffective in eliciting the desired effects in aquatic animals. In this study, three Bacillus species were isolated from the digestive tract of freshwater fish Oreochromis niloticus and characterised based on their morphological, biochemical and evolutionary relationships. Their probiotic potentials were evaluated based on their ability to tolerate low pH, bile salt concentration, high temperatures, adhesion ability (auto-aggregation and hydrophobicity), haemolytic activity and antimicrobial activity including biosafety assay. Three Bacillus strains identified as Bacillus velezensis TPS3N (MK130897), Bacillus subtilis TPS4 (MK130899) and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens TPS17 (MK130898) were designated as TPS3N, TPS4 and TPS17, respectively. TPS3N and TPS17 were α-haemolytic, while TPS4 was γ-haemolytic. The three isolates had higher viability ability after exposure to higher temperatures (80 °C, 90 °C and 100 °C) and were resistant to low pH (1) and bile salt concentration (0.5%) as well as high cell surface hydrophobicity and auto-aggregation. The three isolates were compatible with one another and thus can be used in consortia. These strains were susceptible to gentamicin, cephalexin, ampicillin, ceftriaxone, kanamycin, amikacin, penicillin, cefoperazone, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, tetracycline, doxycycline, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin (except TPS4) and furazolidone (except TPS17). The antimicrobial assessment showed that among the three isolates, TPS3N and TPS17 exhibited good antimicrobial activity against the three fish pathogens (Streptococcus agalactiae, Aeromonas hydrophila, Vibrio harveyi), while TPS4 was effective against Streptococcus agalactiae only. The results of this work suggest that Bacillus strains TPS3N, TPS4 and TPS17 could be considered as potential probiotics in tilapia aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix K A Kuebutornye
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Huguang Yan East, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Yishan Lu
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Huguang Yan East, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong, China.
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China.
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China.
- Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
| | - Emmanuel Delwin Abarike
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Huguang Yan East, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Management, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Zhiwen Wang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Huguang Yan East, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Yuan Li
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Huguang Yan East, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Michael Essien Sakyi
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Huguang Yan East, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
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17
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Ramírez C, Rojas R, Romero J. Partial Evaluation of Autochthonous Probiotic Potential of the Gut Microbiota of Seriola lalandi. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 12:672-682. [PMID: 31077007 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-019-09550-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Seriola lalandi is an economically important species that is globally distributed in temperate and subtropical marine waters. Aquaculture production of this species has had problems associated with intensive fish farming, such as disease outbreaks or nutritional deficiencies causing high mortality. Intestinal microbiota are involved in many processes that benefit a host, such as disease control, stimulation of the immune response, and the promotion of nutrient metabolism. The aim of this study is to evaluate the in vitro probiotic properties of bacteria isolated from the intestinal content of wild Seriola lalandi. The probiotic potential was evaluated in terms of (i) the antimicrobial activity against vibrios causing outbreaks in farmed fish; (ii) the ability to stimulate genes related to an innate immune response in fish; and (iii) antibiotic resistance. Nineteen isolates identified as Pseudomonas, Shewanella, Psychrobacter, and Acinetobacter showed antimicrobial activity and significant relative expression of cytokines, serum amyloid A protein (SAA), hepcidin, and lysozyme. A positive correlation was observed between the levels of expression and the bacterial load after 24 h of exposure. Pseudomonas isolates showed a level of antibiotic resistance. In conclusion, isolates of the genera Shewanella, Psychrobacter, and Acinetobacter could serve as potential probiotics in S. lalandi culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Ramírez
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de los Alimentos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Doctorado en Acuicultura, Programa Cooperativo Universidad de Chile, Universidad Católica del Norte, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Rojas
- Laboratorio de Patobiología Acuática, Departamento de Acuicultura, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Jaime Romero
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de los Alimentos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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18
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Somashekaraiah R, Mottawea W, Gunduraj A, Joshi U, Hammami R, Sreenivasa MY. Probiotic and Antifungal Attributes of Levilactobacillus brevis MYSN105, Isolated From an Indian Traditional Fermented Food Pozha. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:696267. [PMID: 34290687 PMCID: PMC8287902 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.696267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of probiotics and antifungal capabilities of the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from different niches is a strategy to prepare functional cultures and biopreservatives for food/feed industries. In the present study, LAB strains isolated from an Indian traditional fermented food, Pozha, were evaluated for their probiotic properties and biocontrol potential. A total of 20 LAB isolates were selected from Pozha samples collected aseptically and screened for their antagonistic activity against Fusarium verticillioides. Among the bioactive isolates, Lacticaseibacillus brevis MYSN105 showed the highest antifungal activity in vitro, causing some morphological alterations such as damaged mycelia and deformed conidia. Cell-free supernatant (CFS) from L. brevis MYSN105 at 16% concentration effectively reduced the mycelial biomass to 0.369 g compared to 1.938 g in control. Likewise, the conidial germination was inhibited to 20.12%, and the seed treatment using CFS induced a reduction of spore count to 4.1 × 106 spores/ml compared to 1.1 × 109 spores/ml for untreated seeds. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) copy number of F. verticillioides decreased to 5.73 × 107 and 9.026 × 107 by L. brevis MYSN105 and CFS treatment, respectively, compared to 8.94 × 1010 in control. The L. brevis MYSN105 showed high tolerance to in vitro gastrointestinal conditions and exhibited high adhesive abilities to intestinal epithelial cell lines. The comparative genome analysis demonstrated specific secondary metabolite region coding for bacteriocin and T3PKS (type III polyketide synthase) possibly related to survival and antimicrobial activity in the gut environment. Our results suggest that L. brevis MYSN105 has promising probiotic features and could be potentially used for developing biological control formulations to minimize F. verticillioides contamination and improve food safety measures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Walid Mottawea
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.,School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Adithi Gunduraj
- Departmen of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Mysuru, India
| | - Udit Joshi
- Departmen of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Mysuru, India
| | - Riadh Hammami
- School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - M Y Sreenivasa
- Departmen of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Mysuru, India
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19
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Hamid NH, Daud HM, Kayansamruaj P, Hassim HA, Mohd Yusoff MS, Abu Bakar SN, Srisapoome P. Short- and long-term probiotic effects of Enterococcus hirae isolated from fermented vegetable wastes on the growth, immune responses, and disease resistance of hybrid catfish (Clarias gariepinus × Clarias macrocephalus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 114:1-19. [PMID: 33872754 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the short- and long-term effects of dietary supplementation with Enterococcus hirae strain UPM02 on the growth performance, immunity, and disease resistance of hybrid catfish (Clarias gariepinus × Clarias macrocephalus) against Aeromonas hydrophila infection. In the long-term trial, fingerling fish were fed diets containing 0 (control), 2 × 105, or 2 × 107 CFU/g E. hirae UPM02 for 120 days. Administration of E. hirae UPM02 had significant effects on the specific growth rate (SGR), feed utilization efficiency, body indices (P < 0.05), and gut villus physiology of the catfish. E. hirae UPM02 application also significantly increased the complete blood cell counts, phagocytic activity, respiratory burst, lysozyme activity, and alternative complement pathway hemolytic (ACH50) activity in tested catfish throughout the experimental periods (P < 0.05). Dietary E. hirae UPM02 at both concentrations significantly increased the expression levels of the alpha-2-macroglobulin (α2M), CC chemokines, CXC chemokines, lysozyme c (LYZC), myeloperoxidase (MYE), NF-kappa-B1 p105 subunit (NF-K), and bactericidal permeability-increasing protein (BPIP) genes in the head kidney, liver, and spleen (P < 0.05) at days 80, 100 and 120 after application. However, heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) gene expression was slightly downregulated in these organs. Interestingly, fish fed the diets containing 2 × 105 and 2 × 107 CFU/g E. hirae UPM02 exhibited a significantly lower (P < 0.05) postchallenge mortality rates (32% and 30%, respectively) after 14 days of A. hydrophila challenge than the control fish (58%). In short-term (28 days) application to juvenile catfish, the two concentrations of E. hirae did not affect all growth parameters. Nevertheless, these concentrations markedly elevated all tested immune parameters, similarly to long-term application. Immune-related gene expression was significantly upregulated at day 28 in the head kidney, at day 14 in the liver, and at day 7 in the spleen in fish treated with the two concentrations of the probiotics (P < 0.05). Mortality at 14 days after challenge with A. hydrophila in the groups receiving the two concentrations of the probiotic was significantly lower than that in the control group, at 28, 24, and 48%, respectively (P < 0.05). These results collectively suggest that dietary supplementation with E. hirae UPM02 at 2 × 105 and 2 × 107 CFU/g effectively influenced immune responses, enhanced disease protection, and stimulated immunity-related gene expression in hybrid catfish under both short- and long-term application. However, growth enhancement was significantly evidenced with long-term application only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Hidayahanum Hamid
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand; Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Hassan Mohd Daud
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Pattanapon Kayansamruaj
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Hasliza Abu Hassim
- Department of Veterinary Pre Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Md Sabri Mohd Yusoff
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siti Nadia Abu Bakar
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Prapansak Srisapoome
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand.
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20
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Amoah K, Dong XH, Tan BP, Zhang S, Kuebutornye FKA, Chi SY, Yang QH, Liu HY, Zhang HT, Yang YZ. In vitro Assessment of the Safety and Potential Probiotic Characteristics of Three Bacillus Strains Isolated From the Intestine of Hybrid Grouper ( Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus♂). Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:675962. [PMID: 34124228 PMCID: PMC8193502 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.675962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics serving as an alternative to the criticized antibiotics mainly focus on improving animal's growth and health. After realizing the dangers posed by diseases that have led to lots of economic losses, aquaculture scientists have sought the usage of probiotics. However, most probiotics are ineffective in eliciting aquatic animals' preferred effects, since they are from non-fish sources. Again, there are even a few marine aquatic probiotics. Given this, a study was conducted to investigate the probiotic potential of the bacteria species isolated from the digestive tract of hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus♂). Based on the morphological, biochemical, 16S rRNA sequencing analysis and evolutionary relationships, the isolated species were identified as Bacillus tequilensis GPSAK2 (MW548630), Bacillus velezensis GPSAK4 (MW548635), and Bacillus subtilis GPSAK9 (MW548634), which were designated as GPSAK2, GPSAK4, and GPSAK9 strains, respectively. Their probiotic potentials including their ability to tolerate high bile salt concentration, low pH, high temperatures, adhesion ability (auto-aggregation and cell-surface hydrophobicity), antimicrobial activity and biosafety test, compatibility test, hemolytic activity, and antibiotic susceptibility test were evaluated. While GPSAK2 and GPSAK9 strains were γ-hemolytic, that of GPSAK4 was α-hemolytic. All the isolates were resistant to low pH (1) and higher bile salt concentration (0.5%), showed higher viability ability after higher temperature exposure (80, 90, and 100°C), as well as higher cell-surface percentage hydrophobicity and auto-aggregation. All isolates exhibited positive compatibility with each other, signifying their ability to be used as multispecies. The three strains were susceptible to ampicillin (except GPSAK9, which was resistant), penicillin, kanamycin, ceftriaxone, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, clindamycin, furazolidone (except GPSAK2 and GPSAK9, which were moderately susceptible and resistant, respectively), polymyxin B, vancomycin (except GPSAK9, which was resistant), sulfamethoxazole (except GPSAK9, which was moderately susceptible), amikacin, minocycline, ofloxacin, norfloxacin, doxycycline, neomycin, gentamicin, tetracycline, carbenicillin, midecamycin (except GPSAK9, which was moderately susceptible), ciprofloxacin, piperacillin, and cefoperazone. All isolates demonstrated good antimicrobial activity against four pathogens, viz. Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus iniae, Vibrio harveyi, and Vibrio alginolyticus. The results collectively suggest that Bacillus strains GPSAK2, GPSAK4, and GPSAK9 could serve as potential probiotic candidates that can be used to improve the growth and health status of aquatic animals, especially grouper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwaku Amoah
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.,Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Dong
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.,Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Bei-Ping Tan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.,Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.,Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Felix K A Kuebutornye
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shu-Yan Chi
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.,Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qi-Hui Yang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.,Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Hong-Yu Liu
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.,Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Hai-Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yuan-Zhi Yang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
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21
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Salam MA, Islam MA, Paul SI, Rahman MM, Rahman ML, Islam F, Rahman A, Shaha DC, Alam MS, Islam T. Gut probiotic bacteria of Barbonymus gonionotus improve growth, hematological parameters and reproductive performances of the host. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10692. [PMID: 34021215 PMCID: PMC8140159 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90158-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to isolate and identify probiotic bacteria from the gut of Barbonymus gonionotus and evaluate their effects on growth, hematological parameters, and breeding performances of the host. Five probiotic bacteria viz. Enterococcus xiangfangensis (GFB-1), Pseudomonas stutzeri (GFB-2), Bacillus subtilis (GFB-3), Citrobacter freundii (GFB-4), and P. aeruginosa (GFB-5) were isolated and identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Application of a consortium of probiotic strains (1-3 × 1.35 × 109 CFU kg-1) or individual strain such as GFB-1 (1.62 × 109 CFU kg-1), GFB-2 (1.43 × 109 CFU kg-1), GFB-3 (1.06 × 109 CFU kg-1), GFB-4 (1.5 × 109 CFU kg-1) or GFB-5 (1.43 × 109 CFU kg-1feed) through feed significantly improved growth, histological and hematological parameters and reproductive performances of B. gonionotus compared to untreated control. Moreover, the application of these probiotics significantly increased gut lactic acid bacteria and activities of digestive enzymes but did not show any antibiotic resistance nor any cytotoxicity in vitro. The highest beneficial effects on treated fishes were recorded by the application of GFB-1, GFB-2, GFB-3, and a consortium of these bacteria (T2). This is the first report of the improvement of growth and health of B. gonionotus fishes by its gut bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Abdus Salam
- Department of Genetics and Fish Breeding, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Ariful Islam
- Department of Genetics and Fish Breeding, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Sulav Indra Paul
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mahbubur Rahman
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Lutfar Rahman
- Department of Genetics and Fish Breeding, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Fatama Islam
- Department of Genetics and Fish Breeding, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Ashikur Rahman
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Dinesh Chandra Shaha
- Department of Fisheries Management, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shah Alam
- Aquaculture Program Center for Marine Science, University of North Carolina Wilmington, 601, S. College Rd., Wilmington, NC, 28403, USA
| | - Tofazzal Islam
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
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22
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Simón R, Docando F, Nuñez-Ortiz N, Tafalla C, Díaz-Rosales P. Mechanisms Used by Probiotics to Confer Pathogen Resistance to Teleost Fish. Front Immunol 2021; 12:653025. [PMID: 33986745 PMCID: PMC8110931 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.653025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics have been defined as live microorganisms that when administered in adequate amounts confer health benefits to the host. The use of probiotics in aquaculture is an attractive bio-friendly method to decrease the impact of infectious diseases, but is still not an extended practice. Although many studies have investigated the systemic and mucosal immunological effects of probiotics, not all of them have established whether they were actually capable of increasing resistance to different types of pathogens, being this the outmost desired goal. In this sense, in the current paper, we have summarized those experiments in which probiotics were shown to provide increased resistance against bacterial, viral or parasitic pathogens. Additionally, we have reviewed what is known for fish probiotics regarding the mechanisms through which they exert positive effects on pathogen resistance, including direct actions on the pathogen, as well as positive effects on the host.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Patricia Díaz-Rosales
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Laboratory, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain
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23
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Khan MIR, Kamilya D, Choudhury TG, Tripathy PS, Rathore G. Deciphering the Probiotic Potential of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens COFCAU_P1 Isolated from the Intestine of Labeo rohita Through In Vitro and Genetic Assessment. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 13:1572-1584. [PMID: 33900565 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-021-09788-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a bacterial strain COFCAU_P1, isolated from the digestive tract of a freshwater teleost rohu (Labeo rohita), was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis combined with amplification of species-specific BamHI and barnase genes. The probiotic potential of the strain was evaluated using an array of in vitro tests along with safety and genetic analyses. The isolate showed potent antimicrobial response against several fish pathogenic bacteria, survived a wide pH range (2-9), and was resistant up to 10% bile salt concentration. With regard to the in vitro adhesion properties, the strain showed significantly high in vitro adhesion to mucus, auto and co-aggregation capacity, and cell surface hydrophobicity. The strain was non-haemolytic, able to produce extracellular enzymes, viz., proteinase, amylase, lipase, and cellulase, and showed significant free radical scavenging activity. A challenge study in rohu revealed the strain COFCAU_P1 as non-pathogenic. The presence of putative probiotic marker genes including 2, 3-bisphosphoglycerate-independent phosphoglycerate mutase, arginine/ornithine antiporter ArcD, choloylglycine hydrolase, LuxS, and E1 β-subunit of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex was confirmed by PCR, suggesting the molecular basis of the probiotic-specific functional attributes of the isolate. In conclusion, the in vitro and genetic approaches enabled the identification of a potential probiotic from autochthonous source with a potential of its utilization in the aquaculture industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Idrish Raja Khan
- Dept. of Aquatic Health and Environment, College of Fisheries, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Lembucherra, Tripura, 799210, India
| | - Dibyendu Kamilya
- Dept. of Aquatic Health and Environment, College of Fisheries, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Lembucherra, Tripura, 799210, India
| | - Tanmoy Gon Choudhury
- Dept. of Aquatic Health and Environment, College of Fisheries, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Lembucherra, Tripura, 799210, India.
| | - Partha Sarathi Tripathy
- Dept. of Fish Genetics and Breeding, College of Fisheries, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Lembucherra, Tripura, 799210, India
| | - Gaurav Rathore
- Fish Health Management & Exotics Division, ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetics Resources, Lucknow, 226002, UP, India
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24
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Santos RA, Oliva-Teles A, Pousão-Ferreira P, Jerusik R, Saavedra MJ, Enes P, Serra CR. Isolation and Characterization of Fish-Gut Bacillus spp. as Source of Natural Antimicrobial Compounds to Fight Aquaculture Bacterial Diseases. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 23:276-293. [PMID: 33544251 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-021-10022-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aquaculture is responsible for more than 50% of global seafood consumption. Bacterial diseases are a major constraint to this sector and associated with misuse of antibiotics, pose serious threats to public health. Fish-symbionts, co-inhabitants of fish pathogens, might be a promising source of natural antimicrobial compounds (NACs) alternative to antibiotics, limiting bacterial diseases occurrence in aquafarms. In particular, sporeforming Bacillus spp. are known for their probiotic potential and production of NACs antagonistic of bacterial pathogens and are abundant in aquaculture fish guts. Harnessing the fish-gut microbial community potential, 172 sporeforming strains producing NACs were isolated from economically important aquaculture fish species, namely European seabass, gilthead seabream, and white seabream. We demonstrated that they possess anti-growth, anti-biofilm, or anti-quorum-sensing activities, to control bacterial infections and 52% of these isolates effectively antagonized important fish pathogens, including Aeromonas hydrophila, A. salmonicida, A. bivalvium, A. veronii, Vibrio anguillarum, V. harveyi, V. parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus, Photobacterium damselae, Tenacibaculum maritimum, Edwardsiela tarda, and Shigella sonnei. By in vitro quantification of sporeformers' capacity to suppress growth and biofilm formation of fish pathogens, and by assessing their potential to interfere with pathogens communication, we identified three promising candidates to become probiotics or source of bioactive molecules to be used in aquaculture against bacterial aquaculture diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela A Santos
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade Do Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre s/n, Ed. FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
- CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha E Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros Do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
- CITAB - Centro de Investigação E Tecnologias Agroambientais E Biológicas, Universidade de Trás-Os-Montes E Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal.
- CECAV - Centro de Ciência Animal e Veterinária, Universidade de Trás-Os-Montes E Alto Douro, P.O. Box 1013, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Aires Oliva-Teles
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade Do Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre s/n, Ed. FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha E Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros Do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Pedro Pousão-Ferreira
- Instituto Português Do Mar E da Atmosfera (IPMA), Estação Piloto de Piscicultura de Olhão, Av. 5 de Outubro s/n, 8700-305, Olhão, Portugal
| | - Russell Jerusik
- Epicore Bionetworks Inc., 4 Lina Lane, NJ, 08060, Eastampton, USA
| | - Maria J Saavedra
- CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha E Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros Do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
- CITAB - Centro de Investigação E Tecnologias Agroambientais E Biológicas, Universidade de Trás-Os-Montes E Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
- CECAV - Centro de Ciência Animal e Veterinária, Universidade de Trás-Os-Montes E Alto Douro, P.O. Box 1013, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências Veterinárias, ECAV, Universidade de Trás-Os-Montes E Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Paula Enes
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade Do Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre s/n, Ed. FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha E Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros Do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Cláudia R Serra
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade Do Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre s/n, Ed. FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
- CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha E Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros Do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
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Kord MI, Srour TM, Omar EA, Farag AA, Nour AAM, Khalil HS. The Immunostimulatory Effects of Commercial Feed Additives on Growth Performance, Non-specific Immune Response, Antioxidants Assay, and Intestinal Morphometry of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Front Physiol 2021; 12:627499. [PMID: 33716774 PMCID: PMC7947921 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.627499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The main objective of the present research was to investigate the impacts of commercial immunostimulants on growth, non-specific immune response, antioxidant enzymes, and intestinal morphometry of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Fish (100 ± 6.5 g) were randomly divided into five groups in triplicates (150 fish in each replicate), stocked in 20 m2 of aerated concrete ponds. The fish were fed on a control diet (30.0% crude protein) (control), and four experimental diets supplemented with Yeast Plus®, Digestarom®, and Biotronic® Top3 at 1 kg ton–1, and Sanolife PRO-F® at 0.5 kg ton–1. After the experimental period, the highest significant yield (kg m–3), mean final weight (g fish–1), average weight gain (g fish–1), and specific growth rate (% body weight day–1), were recorded in fish fed on the diet supplemented by Sanolife PRO-F, followed by Yeast Plus ponds. The lowest yield was recorded in the control group. However, the feed conversion ratio was significantly decreased with Sanolife PRO-F diet. Furthermore, the hematological analysis increased in the following ascending order: Sanolife PRO-F®; Yeast Plus®; Biotronic® Top3 and finally Digestarom® groups. The lowest concentrations of white blood cells, red blood cells, hematocrite, and hemoglobin (P ≤ 0.05) were observed in the control group. The levels of phagocytic activity and phagocytic index were significantly higher in fish fed with Sanolife PRO-F® group (P ≤ 0.05). Likewise, serum lysozyme activity was significantly highest in Sanolife PRO-F (0.63 and 0.68 U/mL, after 0.5 min and 3 min, respectively). Levels of total serum proteins, globulin, Immunoglobulin M, catalase, and super oxide dismutase were significantly higher in fish fed with Sanolife PRO-F® supplement. On the contrary, length measurement of the intestinal villus height/width, absorption area, crypt depth, and goblet cells, were significantly lower in the control group, whereas their highest values was observed in fish fed Sanolife PRO-F (P ≤ 0.05). Consequently, Sanolife PRO-F® is recommended at a level of 0.5 kg ton–1, to improve the growth performance, antioxidative capacity, and immune response of Nile tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ibrahim Kord
- Central Laboratory for Agricultural Climate, ARC, Giza, Egypt.,Department of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Tarek Mohamed Srour
- Department of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Eglal Ali Omar
- Department of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Abdel Aziz Moussa Nour
- Department of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hala Saber Khalil
- WorldFish, Africa Aquaculture Research and Training Center, Abbassa, Egypt.,National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Cairo, Egypt
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26
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Nair AV, Leo Antony M, Praveen NK, Sayooj P, Raja Swaminathan T, Vijayan KK. Evaluation of in vitro and in vivo potential of Bacillus subtilis MBTDCMFRI Ba37 as a candidate probiont in fish health management. Microb Pathog 2020; 152:104610. [PMID: 33212198 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis MBTDCMFRI Ba37 (B. subtilis Ba37), an antibacterial strain isolated from the tropical estuarine habitats of Cochin, was evaluated for in vitro and in vivo potential, and its application as a candidate probiont in fish health management. B. subtilis Ba37 was characterized using their morphological and biochemical properties. It exhibited exoenzymatic activities, tolerance to various physiological conditions and a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity against aquaculture pathogens such as Vibrio and Aeromonas. In co-culture assay, B. subtilis Ba37 inhibited Vibrio anguillarum O1 (V. anguillarum O1) even with the initial cell count of 104 CFUmL-1. Cytotoxicity assay performed using the cell free supernatant (CFS) of B. subtilis Ba37 revealed its non toxic nature. A twenty one days of feeding trial was conducted in juveniles of Etroplus suratensis (E.suratensis) by administrating B. subtilis Ba37 to evaluate its efficacy on growth, immune parameters and antioxidant enzyme activities. Overall the supplementation of B. subtilis Ba37 enhanced significantly (P < 0.05) the survival rate, weight gain, specific growth (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), and feed efficiency (FE) of the fed animals as compared with the control. The immune parameters and antioxidant activities such as total protein, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase were also improved significantly (P < 0.05) while serum alanine aminotransferase (SGOT) and serum aspartate aminotransferase (SGPT) activities were decreased slightly than the control. After fifteen days of challenge test, the fish fed with B. subtilis Ba37 showed higher relative percentage survival (RPS) than the control. Thus the study indicated the advantages of B. subtilis Ba37 to be used as a candidate probiont, which could be effectively utilized in managing diseases in aquaculture systems and to improve the health of the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusree V Nair
- ICAR - Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kerala, India
| | - M Leo Antony
- ICAR - Central Institute of Brackish Water Aquaculture, Chennai, India
| | - N K Praveen
- Department of Chemistry, NSS College Cherthala, Kerala, India
| | - P Sayooj
- ICAR - Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kerala, India
| | - T Raja Swaminathan
- PMFGR Centre, ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Kerala, India
| | - K K Vijayan
- ICAR - Central Institute of Brackish Water Aquaculture, Chennai, India.
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27
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Probiotics Modulate Tilapia Resistance and Immune Response against Tilapia Lake Virus Infection. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9110919. [PMID: 33172079 PMCID: PMC7694748 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9110919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tilapia lake virus (TiLV) causes an emerging viral disease associated with high mortality and economic damage in tilapia farming around the world. The use of probiotics in aquaculture has been suggested as an alternative to antibiotics and drugs to reduce the negative impact of bacterial and viral infections. In this study, we investigate the effect of probiotic Bacillus spp. supplementation on mortality, viral load, and expression of immune-related genes in red hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) upon TiLV infection. Fish were divided into three groups, and fed with: control diet, 0.5% probiotics-supplemented diet, and 1% probiotics-supplemented diet. After 21 days of experimental feeding, the three groups were infected with TiLV and monitored for mortality and growth performances, while organs were sampled at different time points to measure viral load and the transcription modulation of immune response markers. No significant difference was found among the groups in terms of weight gain (WG), average daily gain (ADG), feed efficiency (FE), or feed conversion ratio (FCR). A lower cumulative mortality was retrieved from fish fed 0.5% and 1% probiotics (25% and 24%, respectively), compared to the control group (32%). Moreover, fish fed with 1% probiotic diet had a significantly lower viral load, than those fed with 0.5% probiotic and control diet at 5, 6, 9, and 12 days post infection-challenge (dpc). The expression patterns of immune-related genes, including il-8 (also known as CXCL8), ifn-γ, irf-3, mx, rsad-2 (also known as VIPERIN) showed significant upregulation upon probiotic treatment during the peak of TiLV pathogenesis (between 9 and 12 dpc) and during most of the study period in fish fed with 1% probiotics-supplemented diet. Taken together, these findings indicate that dietary supplementation using Bacillus spp. probiotics may have beneficial effects to strengthen tilapia immunity and resistance against TiLV infections. Therefore, probiotic treatments may be preventively administered to reduce losses caused by this emerging viral infection in tilapia aquaculture.
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28
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Feng Z, Song X, Zhao L, Zhu W. Isolation of probiotics and their effects on growth, antioxidant and non-specific immunity of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 106:1087-1094. [PMID: 32890761 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Probiotics play vital roles in controlling diseases, enhancing specific and non-specific immunity and stimulating growth in the aquaculture industry. However, the effect of fermentation of feed by probiotics on the immune ability of sea cucumber has not been reported to date. Here, three candidate probiotic strains (Bacillus species) were isolated from the culture seawater and sediment of sea cucumber, and fishmeal and scallop mantle fermented by the candidate probiotic strains were used to feed sea cucumber. The results showed that the free amino acid and small peptide contents of the fishmeal and scallop mantle were significantly increased after fermentation for 72 h. However, the weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) of sea cucumber showed no significant differences among the fermented fishmeal, fermented scallop mantle and control groups. Scallop mantle fermented by the three candidate probiotics could increase the coelomocyte number and respiratory burst activity. The immune-related enzymatic activity was increased after consuming the fermented fishmeal and scallop mantle, while the activity of antioxidant enzymes was reduced. The expression levels of immune- and antioxidant-related genes were changed after consuming the fermented fishmeal and scallop mantle. Taken together, our results suggest that probiotics could increase the immunocompetence of sea cucumber, and fermented scallop mantle might be a potential substitute for fishmeal during feed preparation. Our results lay a foundation for further understanding the relationship between probiotics and the non-specific immunity of sea cucumber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengfu Feng
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Immune Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Xiaojun Song
- Laboratory of Comparative Immunology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Lanting Zhao
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Immune Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Immune Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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Mikołajczak Z, Rawski M, Mazurkiewicz J, Kierończyk B, Józefiak D. The Effect of Hydrolyzed Insect Meals in Sea Trout Fingerling ( Salmo trutta m. trutta) Diets on Growth Performance, Microbiota and Biochemical Blood Parameters. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10061031. [PMID: 32545777 PMCID: PMC7341494 DOI: 10.3390/ani10061031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The replacement of fishmeal by environmentally sustainable alternative meals has been one of the targets in aquaculture in recent decades. A number of factors support the use of insect meals, as a group of products characterized by high crude protein and crude fat content, in fish nutrition. Insects are readily accepted by a number of fish species, and they are part of the natural diet of omnivorous and carnivorous species. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of hydrolyzed Tenebrio molitor and Zophobas morio meals as a partial replacement for fishmeal in sea trout (Salmo trutta m. trutta) diets on growth performance, feed utilization, organosomatic indices, serum biochemistry, gut histology, and microbiota. In the present study, insect meals inclusion did not cause any adverse impacts on growth performance, feed utilization or gut histomorphology. However, an effect on the organosomatic indices, serum biochemistry, and microbiota was observed. In conclusion, hydrolyzed T. molitor and Z. morio meals seem to be promising alternative protein sources for sea trout nutrition. Abstract The present study is the first introduction of hydrolyzed superworm meal in sea trout nutrition. It was conducted to evaluate the effects of inclusion in the diet of hydrolyzed insect meals as a partial replacement for fishmeal on growth performance, feed utilization, organosomatic indices, serum biochemical parameters, gut histomorphology, and microbiota composition of sea trout (Salmo trutta m. trutta). The experiment was performed on 225 sea trout fingerlings distributed into three groups (3 tanks/treatment, 25 fish/tank). The control diet was fishmeal-based. In the experimental groups, 10% of hydrolyzed mealworm (TMD) and superworm (ZMD) meals were included. The protein efficiency ratio was lower in the TMD and ZMD. Higher organosomatic indices and liver lipid contents were found in the group fed ZMD. The ZMD increased levels of aspartate aminotransferase, and decreased levels of alkaline phosphatase. The Aeromonas spp. and Enterococcus spp. populations decreased in the ZMD. The concentrations of the Carnobacterium spp. decreased in the ZMD and TMD, as did that of the Lactobacillus group in the TMD. In conclusion, insect meals may be an alternative protein source in sea trout nutrition, as they yield satisfying growth performance and have the capability to modulate biochemical blood parameters and microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Mikołajczak
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 33, 60-637 Poznań, Poland;
- Correspondence: (Z.M.); (D.J.)
| | - Mateusz Rawski
- Institute of Zoology, Division of Inland Fisheries and Aquaculture, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71c, 60-625 Poznań, Poland; (M.R.); (J.M.)
| | - Jan Mazurkiewicz
- Institute of Zoology, Division of Inland Fisheries and Aquaculture, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71c, 60-625 Poznań, Poland; (M.R.); (J.M.)
| | - Bartosz Kierończyk
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 33, 60-637 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Damian Józefiak
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 33, 60-637 Poznań, Poland;
- Correspondence: (Z.M.); (D.J.)
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Kuebutornye FKA, Abarike ED, Lu Y, Hlordzi V, Sakyi ME, Afriyie G, Wang Z, Li Y, Xie CX. Mechanisms and the role of probiotic Bacillus in mitigating fish pathogens in aquaculture. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2020; 46:819-841. [PMID: 31953625 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-019-00754-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Diseases are natural components of the environment, and many have economic implications for aquaculture and fisheries. Aquaculture is a fast-growing industry with the aim to meet the high protein demand of the ever-increasing global population; however, the emergence of diseases is a major setback to the industry. Probiotics emerged as a better solution to curb the disease problem in aquaculture among many alternatives. Probiotic Bacillus has been proven to better combat a wide range of fish pathogens relative to other probiotics in aquaculture; therefore, understanding the various mechanisms used by Bacillus in combating diseases will help improve their mode of action hence yielding better results in their combat against pathogens in the aquaculture industry. Thus, an overview of the mechanisms (production of bacteriocins, suppression of virulence gene expression, competition for adhesion sites, production of lytic enzymes, production of antibiotics, immunostimulation, competition for nutrients and energy, and production of organic acids) used by Bacillus probiotics in mitigating fish pathogens ranging from Aeromonas, Vibrio, Streptococcus, Yersinia, Pseudomonas, Clostridium, Acinetobacter, Edwardsiella, Flavobacterium, white spot syndrome virus, and infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus proven to be mitigated by Bacillus have been provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix K A Kuebutornye
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Huguang Yan East, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong Province, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Emmanuel Delwin Abarike
- Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Management, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Yishan Lu
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Huguang Yan East, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong Province, China.
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China.
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China.
- Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
| | - Vivian Hlordzi
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong, China
| | - Michael Essien Sakyi
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Huguang Yan East, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong Province, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Gyamfua Afriyie
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Zhiwen Wang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Huguang Yan East, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong Province, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Yuan Li
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Huguang Yan East, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong Province, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Cai Xia Xie
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Huguang Yan East, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong Province, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
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Dietary Supplementation of Probiotic Bacillus subtilis Affects Antioxidant Defenses and Immune Response in Grass Carp Under Aeromonas hydrophila Challenge. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2020; 11:545-558. [PMID: 29654472 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-018-9409-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated whether Bacillus subtilis can provide protection for grass carp against oxidative stress damage induced by Aeromonas hydrophila. A total of 240 healthy grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) (average weight of 71.42 ± 4.36g) were randomly divided into four groups with three replicates: control group, A. hydrophila group, B. subtilis + A. hydrophila group, and A. hydrophila + B. subtilis group. After challenge with A. hydrophila, the lipid oxidative damage, antioxidant defenses, and the gene expression of inflammatory cytokines of the grass carp were investigated. Our results showed that A. hydrophila caused lipid oxidative damage, led to significant decreases in antioxidant defenses, and induced inflammatory responses of grass carp. However, the grass carp group fed the probiotic B. subtilis diet for 42 days before the challenge and the group fed the probiotic B. subtilis diet immediately after the challenge both showed (i) a reduced level of oxidative stress with a decrease in the level of MDA; (ii) an increase in antioxidant defenses, including an increase in total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), increased activities of SOD and CAT, increased levels of GSH, and upregulated gene expression of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and Gpx); and (iii) an improved immune response with the level of antiinflammatory cytokines IL-10 messenger RNA (mRNA) upregulated and the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-8 mRNA downregulated. Based on this study, B. subtilis can provide effective protection of fish against oxidative stress damage induced by A. hydrophila infection.
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Ghanei-Motlagh R, Mohammadian T, Gharibi D, Menanteau-Ledouble S, Mahmoudi E, Khosravi M, Zarea M, El-Matbouli M. Quorum Quenching Properties and Probiotic Potentials of Intestinal Associated Bacteria in Asian Sea Bass Lates calcarifer. Mar Drugs 2019; 18:md18010023. [PMID: 31888034 PMCID: PMC7024293 DOI: 10.3390/md18010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Quorum quenching (QQ), the enzymatic degradation of N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs), has been suggested as a promising strategy to control bacterial diseases. In this study, 10 AHL-degrading bacteria isolated from the intestine of barramundi were identified by 16S rDNA sequencing. They were able to degrade both short and long-chain AHLs associated with several pathogenic Vibrio species (spp.) in fish, including N-[(RS)-3-Hydroxybutyryl]-l-homoserine lactone (3-oh-C4-HSL), N-Hexanoyl-l-homoserine lactone (C6-HSL), N-(β-Ketocaproyl)-l-homoserine lactone (3-oxo-C6-HSL), N-(3-Oxodecanoyl)-l-homoserine lactone (3-oxo-C10-HSL), N-(3-Oxotetradecanoyl)-l-homoserine lactone (3-oxo-C14-HSL). Five QQ isolates (QQIs) belonging to the Bacillus and Shewanella genera, showed high capacity to degrade both synthetic AHLs as well as natural AHLs produced by Vibrio harveyi and Vibrio alginolyticus using the well-diffusion method and thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The genes responsible for QQ activity, including aiiA, ytnP, and aaC were also detected. Analysis of the amino acid sequences from the predicted lactonases revealed the presence of the conserved motif HxHxDH. The selected isolates were further characterized in terms of their probiotic potentials in vitro. Based on our scoring system, Bacillus thuringiensis QQ1 and Bacillus cereus QQ2 exhibited suitable probiotic characteristics, including the production of spore and exoenzymes, resistance to bile salts and pH, high potential to adhere on mucus, appropriate growth abilities, safety to barramundi, and sensitivity to antibiotics. These isolates, therefore, constitute new QQ probiotics that could be used to control vibriosis in Lates calcalifer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Ghanei-Motlagh
- Clinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (R.G.-M.); (M.E.-M.)
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz 61357-831351, Iran;
| | - Takavar Mohammadian
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz 61357-831351, Iran;
- Correspondence: (T.M.); (S.M.-L.)
| | - Darioush Gharibi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz 61357-831351, Iran; (D.G.); (M.K.)
| | - Simon Menanteau-Ledouble
- Clinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (R.G.-M.); (M.E.-M.)
- Correspondence: (T.M.); (S.M.-L.)
| | - Esmaeil Mahmoudi
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan 158-81595, Iran;
| | - Mohammad Khosravi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz 61357-831351, Iran; (D.G.); (M.K.)
| | - Mojtaba Zarea
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz 61357-831351, Iran;
| | - Mansour El-Matbouli
- Clinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (R.G.-M.); (M.E.-M.)
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Zhang DX, Kang YH, Zhan S, Zhao ZL, Jin SN, Chen C, Zhang L, Shen JY, Wang CF, Wang GQ, Shan XF, Qian AD. Effect of Bacillus velezensis on Aeromonas veronii-Induced Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Function Damage and Inflammation in Crucian Carp ( Carassius auratus). Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2663. [PMID: 31798571 PMCID: PMC6874145 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas veronii is an emerging aquatic pathogen causing hemorrhagic septicemia in humans and animals. Probiotic is an effective strategy for controlling enteric infections through reducing intestinal colonization by pathogens. Here we report that the consumption of Bacillus velezensis regulated the intestinal innate immune response and decreased the degree of intestinal inflammation damage caused by the A. veronii in Crucian carp. In this study, we isolated four strains of B. velezensis, named C-11, S-22, L-17 and S-14 from apparently healthy Crucian carp, which exerted a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity inhibiting both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria especially the fish pathogens. B. velezensis isolates showed typical Bacillus characteristics by endospore staining, physiological and biochemical test, enzyme activity analysis (amylase, protease, and lipase), and molecular identification. Here, Bacillus-containing dietary was orally administrated to Crucian carp for 8 weeks before A. veronii challenge. Immunological parameters and the expression of immune-related genes were measured at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks post-administration. The results showed that B. velezensis was found to promote the increase in the phagocytic activities of peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) and head kidney leukocytes (HKLs), as well as the increase in interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) concentration of serum. Lysozyme levels (113.76 U/mL), ACP activity (25.32 U/mL), AKP activity (130.08 U/mL), and SOD activity (240.63 U/mL) were maximum (P < 0.05) in the B. velezensis C-11 treated group at 8 week. Our results showed that Crucian carp fed with the diet containing B. velezensis C-11 and S-22 developed a strong immune response with significantly higher (P < 0.05) levels of IgM in samples of serum, mucus of skin and intestine compared to B. velezensis L-17 and S-14 groups. Moreover, B. velezensis spores appeared to show no toxicity and damage in fish, which could inhabit the gut of Crucian carp. B. velezensis restrained up-regulation of pro-inflammation cytokines (IL-1β, IFN-γ, and TNF-α) mRNA levels in the intestine and head kidney at final stage of administration, and the expression of IL-10 was increased throughout the 10-week trial. A. veronii infection increased the population of inflammatory cells in the intestinal villi in the controls. In contrast, numerous goblet cells and few inflammatory cells infiltrated the mucosa in the B. velezensis groups after challenge with A. veronii. Compared with A. veronii group, B. velezensis could safeguard the integrity of intestinal villi. The highest post-challenge survival rate (75.0%) was recorded in B. velezensis C-11 group. The present data suggest that probiotic B. velezensis act as a potential gut-targeted therapy regimens to protecting fish from pathogenic bacteria infection. IMPORTANCE In this work, four Bacillus velezensis strains isolated from apparently healthy Crucian carp, which exhibited a broad-spectrum antibacterial activity especially the fish pathogens. Administration of B. velezensis induced the enhancement of the intestinal innate immune response through reducing intestinal colonization by pathogens. The isolation and characterization would help better understand probiotic can be recognized as an alternative of antimicrobial drugs protecting human and animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Xing Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuan-Huan Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Sheng Zhan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Ze-Lin Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Sheng-Nan Jin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Chong Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jin-Yu Shen
- Agriculture Ministry Key Laboratory of Healthy Freshwater Aquaculture, Key Laboratory of Fish Health and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, China
| | - Chun-Feng Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Gui-Qin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Shan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Ai-Dong Qian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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Li J, Wu ZB, Zhang Z, Zha JW, Qu SY, Qi XZ, Wang GX, Ling F. Effects of potential probiotic Bacillus velezensis K2 on growth, immunity and resistance to Vibrio harveyi infection of hybrid grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus♂ × E. fuscoguttatus♀). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 93:1047-1055. [PMID: 31425831 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, there is no suitable treatment for vibriosis in groupers. So an eco-efficient and environmentally friendly treatment is necessary for the grouper industry. Probiotic-feeding has been a promising strategy to control the bacterial pathogens in aquaculture. A new Bacillus velezensis strain named K2 was isolated from the intestinal tract of healthy grouper, and exhibited wide antimicrobial spectrum of against fish pathogens, including Vibrio harveyi, Vibrio alginolyticus, Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas veronii, Aeromonas caviae, Enterococcus casseliflavus and Lactococcus garvieae. Moreover, results of the safety of B. velezensis K2 showed that intraperitoneal injection of K2 in healthy grouper did not cause any pathological abnormality or death, indicating this bacteria could be considered as a candidate probiotic in aquaculture. Groupers were fed with the diets containing 1 × 107 cfu/g of B. velezensis K2 for 4 weeks. Various immune parameters were examined at 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks of post-feeding. Results showed that diets supplemented with K2 significantly increased serum acid phosphatase (ACP) activity (P < 0.05). Results of the mRNA expression of immune-related genes in the head kidney of hybrid grouper showed that the expression of lysozyme gene was significantly upregulated after 1 and 2 weeks of feeding (P < 0.05). A significant up-regulation of the expression of piscidin, IgM and MyD88 were detected at day 21, whereas the TLR3 and TLR5 showed lower expression compared to the controls during 21 days, and a significant decrease of TLR3 gene was found at day 28 (P < 0.05). After challenge with V. harveyi, the survival rate of fish administrated with the strain K2 for 28 days was signifiacantly higher than the controls without this strain (P < 0.05). These results collectively suggest that B. velezensis K2 is a potential probiotic species to improve health status and disease resistance and can be developed as a probiotic agent in grouper industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Wu
- Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Ji-Wei Zha
- Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Shen-Ye Qu
- Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xiao-Zhou Qi
- Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Gao-Xue Wang
- Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Fei Ling
- Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
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Di J, Chu Z, Zhang S, Huang J, Du H, Wei Q. Evaluation of the potential probiotic Bacillus subtilis isolated from two ancient sturgeons on growth performance, serum immunity and disease resistance of Acipenser dabryanus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 93:711-719. [PMID: 31419532 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we aimed to screen the potential probiotic Bacillus subtilis isolated from the gut of healthy fish using in vitro assays and to evaluate its effect on Dabry's sturgeon (Acipenser dabryanus) using in vivo feeding experiments. Among the isolates, B. subtilis BSth-5 and BSth-19 exhibited antimicrobial effect against four sturgeon-pathogenic bacteria, including Aeromonas hydrophila, A. veronii, A. media, and Streptococcus iniae. The cell number of B. subtilis BSth-5 and BSth-19 changed little after 2 h of exposure to pH 3.0 or fresh Dabry's sturgeon bile at 2.5% and 5.0%. Meanwhile, B. subtilis BSth-5 and BSth-19 produced extracellular protease, cellulose, and lipase. And it was proved that B. subtilis BSth-5 and BSth-19 were harmless after injection of Dabry's sturgeon. One group of Dabry's sturgeon was fed a control diet and two groups were fed experimental diets containing 2.0 × 108 CFU/g BSth-5 (T1 group) or BSth-19 (T2 group) for 8 weeks. No significant differences in final weight, weight gain rate, and special growth rate were observed in the T1 and T2 groups compared to the control group (P > 0.05), but a significant improvement in survival rate was detected after 4 and 8 weeks of feeding (P < 0.05). After 8 weeks, serum total antioxidant capacity, total superoxide dismutase activity, and IgM levels were significantly higher in the T1 and T2 groups compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Moreover, serum lysozyme activity was significantly higher in the T1 group relative to the control group during the whole experiment period (P < 0.05); however, the differences were not significant between the T2 and control groups (P > 0.05). Serum malondialdehyde levels in the T1 and T2 groups were significantly lower than those in the control group after 4 weeks (P < 0.05). Sturgeons in the T1 and T2 groups showed a higher survival rate after Aeromonas hydrophila infection. To summarize, dietary supplementation with BSth-5 and BSth-19 could enhance the survival rate, antioxidant activity, serum immunity, and disease resistance in A. dabryanus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Di
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education of China, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Zhipeng Chu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Shuhuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Hao Du
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Qiwei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education of China, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China.
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Du Y, Xu Z, Yu G, Liu W, Zhou Q, Yang D, Li J, Chen L, Zhang Y, Xue C, Cao Y. A Newly Isolated Bacillus subtilis Strain Named WS-1 Inhibited Diarrhea and Death Caused by Pathogenic Escherichia coli in Newborn Piglets. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1248. [PMID: 31249559 PMCID: PMC6582243 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis is recognized as a safe and reliable human and animal probiotic and is associated with bioactivities such as production of vitamin and immune stimulation. Additionally, it has great potential to be used as an alternative to antimicrobial drugs, which is significant in the context of antibiotic abuse in food animal production. In this study, we isolated one strain of B. subtilis, named WS-1, from apparently healthy pigs growing with sick cohorts on one Escherichia coli endemic commercial pig farm in Guangdong, China. WS-1 can strongly inhibit the growth of pathogenic E. coli in vitro. The B. subtilis strain WS-1 showed typical Bacillus characteristics by endospore staining, biochemical test, enzyme activity analysis, and 16S rRNA sequence analysis. Genomic analysis showed that the B. subtilis strain WS-1 shares 100% genomic synteny with B. subtilis with a size of 4,088,167 bp. Importantly, inoculation of newborn piglets with 1.5 × 1010 CFU of B. subtilis strain WS-1 by oral feeding was able to clearly inhibit diarrhea (p < 0.05) and death (p < 0.05) caused by pathogenic E. coli in piglets. Furthermore, histopathological results showed that the WS-1 strain could protect small intestine from lesions caused by E. coli infection. Collectively, these findings suggest that the probiotic B. subtilis strain WS-1 acts as a potential biocontrol agent protecting pigs from pathogenic E. coli infection. Importance: In this work, one B. subtilis strain (WS-1) was successfully isolated from apparently healthy pigs growing with sick cohorts on one E. coli endemic commercial pig farm in Guangdong, China. The B. subtilis strain WS-1 was identified to inhibit the growth of pathogenic E. coli both in vitro and in vivo, indicating its potential application in protecting newborn piglets from diarrhea caused by E. coli infections. The isolation and characterization will help better understand this bacterium, and the strain WS-1 can be further explored as an alternative to antimicrobial drugs to protect human and animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunping Du
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhichao Xu
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guolian Yu
- Animal Disease Laboratory, Wen's Group Academy, Wen's Foodstuffs Group Co., Ltd., Xingning, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Animal Disease Laboratory, Wen's Group Academy, Wen's Foodstuffs Group Co., Ltd., Xingning, China
| | - Qingfeng Zhou
- Animal Disease Laboratory, Wen's Group Academy, Wen's Foodstuffs Group Co., Ltd., Xingning, China
| | - Dehong Yang
- Animal Disease Laboratory, Wen's Group Academy, Wen's Foodstuffs Group Co., Ltd., Xingning, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Biological Engineering, School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Suzhou, China
| | - Li Chen
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunyi Xue
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongchang Cao
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Li H, Tian X, Zhao K, Jiang W, Dong S. Effect of Clostridium butyricum in different forms on growth performance, disease resistance, expression of genes involved in immune responses and mTOR signaling pathway of Litopenaeus vannamai. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 87:13-21. [PMID: 30599253 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.12.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A 42-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of diet supplemented with various additives from Clostridium butyricum (fermentation supernatant, FS; live cells, LC; cell-free extract, CE; spray-dried spores, DS; mixture of live cells and supernatant, LCS) on the growth, intestinal morphology, disease resistance, immune gene expression and mTOR signaling-related gene expression in Litopenaeus vannamai. The feeding trial showed that the final weight and specific growth rate of the shrimp were improved significantly while the feed conversion ratio were reduced significantly in LC, CE, DS and LCS groups compared to the control. The villus height and intestinal wall thickness of shrimp's mid-intestine in LC, DS and LCS group increased significantly. After challenge test to Vibrio parahaemolyticus, the cumulative mortalities of the shrimp in LC, CE, DS and LCS groups were significantly lower than that of the control. As compared to the control, the relative expression levels of superoxide dismutase, lysozyme, prophenoloxidase (proPO), Toll, Immune deficiency (Imd), Relish, TOR, 4E-BP, eIF4E1α and eIF4E2 genes in the shrimp of DS and LCS groups enhanced significantly, whereas the relative expression levels of proPO, SOD, Toll, Imd, Relish, elF4E1α and elF4E2 genes were statistically the same between FS group and the control. These results suggested that the spray-dried spores and mixture of live cells and supernatant of C. butyricum exerted better probiotic benefits in modulating immune responses of shrimp. In addition, single supernatant could not be helpful to shrimp while mixture of live cells and supernatant could better improve the immune responses of shrimp in comparison to single live cells. The integration of C. butyricum and their metabolites supplemented into feed could significantly improve growth performance, intestinal morphology, immunity capacity and resistance against V. parahaemolyticus of L. vannamei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266003, China; Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266003, China
| | - Xiangli Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266003, China; Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266003, China.
| | - Kun Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266003, China; Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266003, China
| | - Wenwen Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266003, China; Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266003, China
| | - Shuanglin Dong
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266003, China; Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266003, China
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Reda RM, Selim KM, El-Sayed HM, El-Hady MA. In Vitro Selection and Identification of Potential Probiotics Isolated from the Gastrointestinal Tract of Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2019; 10:692-703. [PMID: 28819794 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-017-9314-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Fish gut bacteria can be used as probiotics for aquaculture. The aim of this study is to screen and identify beneficial probiotic bacteria from the gut of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Nine out of one hundred thirty-five isolates were non-pathogenic through intraperitoneal injection and had antibacterial activities with at least a strain from the five isolated fish pathogens, Aeromonas sobria, Aeromonas hydrophila, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas putida, and Staphylococcus aureus. Further tests showed that such isolates can survive in the presence of high bile concentration (10%) and at different acidic pH values. A strains (14HT) was sensitive to all selected antibiotics, two strains were (9HT and 11HT) resistant to streptomycin and three strains (9HT, 11HT and 38HT) had resistance to two antibiotics. Four isolates (11HT, 33HT, 38HT and 41HT) had an amylase and a protease activities and one strain (47HT) showed only amylase activity. Based on 16S rRNA gene analysis, the isolated strains were identified as follows: Lactococcus lactis (8HT, 9HT, 11HT and 33HT); Enterococcus faecalis (14HT), Lysinibacillus sp. (38HT) and Citrobacter freundii (39HT, 41HT and 47HT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha M Reda
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Sharqia, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Khaled M Selim
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Sharqia, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt.
| | - Hassanin M El-Sayed
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Sharqia, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - M A El-Hady
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Sharqia, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
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The Quorum Quenching Bacterium Bacillus licheniformis T-1 Protects Zebrafish against Aeromonas hydrophila Infection. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2019; 12:160-171. [DOI: 10.1007/s12602-018-9495-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Novel Probiotic Bacteria Bacillus vireti 01 on Antioxidant Defence System of Freshwater Prawn Challenged with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2019; 10:356-366. [PMID: 28836152 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-017-9317-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present work was to isolate probiotic bacteria from the intestinal tract of healthy freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii and to examine the effect of the isolated probiotic Bacillus vireti 01 in controlling Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. This is probably the first report on the isolation of probiotic B. vireti 01 from the intestine of M. rosenbergii. The compounds present in B. vireti 01 were identified using GC-MS analysis. The effect of B. vireti 01-incorporated diet on survival and antioxidant enzymes was studied in M. rosenbergii for 2 weeks. Decreased mortality was observed in M. rosenbergii which were administered with the probiotic diet compared to control diet. The antioxidant defence enzymes activities such as SOD, catalase and GSH were analysed in various organs of M. rosenbergii probiotic-treated and control groups. Antioxidant enzyme activities were considerably lowered (p < 0.01) in the muscles, hepatopancreas and gills of prawns infected by P. aeruginosa when compared to that of prawns fed with the probiotic-supplemented diet. The histopathological results suggest that the hepatopancreas, gills and muscles infected with P. aeruginosa were altered structurally. The result of the present work demonstrates that the probiotic B. vireti 01 could be used as a substitute to antibiotics for treating P. aeruginosa infection in prawns.
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Evaluation of In Vivo Probiotic Efficiency of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in Labeo rohita Challenged by Pathogenic Strain of Aeromonas hydrophila MTCC 1739. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2019; 10:391-398. [PMID: 28744833 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-017-9310-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Diseases in aquatic organisms, including fish, are a major concern in aquaculture production. In this present investigation, we have evaluated the beneficial effects of dietary Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CCF7 (GenBank Acc. No. KP256501) supplementation in rohu (Labeo rohita) challenged by a pathogenic strain of Aeromonas hydrophila MTCC 1739. Four experimental diets were formulated: control diet (no probiotics) and three experimental diets (different concentrations of probiotic candidate B. amyloliquefaciens CCF7 at 105 (T1), 107 (T2), 109 (T3) CFU/g). Further, we have divided the feeding trial into pre-challenge (70 days) and post-challenge (28 days) periods and various immune parameters (serum protein, globulin, albumin, lysozyme, and IgM), and stress parameters (malondialdehyde, catalase, and superoxide dismutase) were examined during both the periods. Throughout the entire experiment, control group was fed with probiotic free basal diet, while the treatment groups received probiotic supplemented diets (PSD). After challenge test, serum aspartate transaminase (AST), serum alanine transaminase (ALT) activity, and liver malondialdehyde level have increased significantly in control groups; however, level of these parameters were considerably lower in fish fed with PSD. In contrast, liver catalase and superoxide dismutase activities and serum globulin concentration was significantly higher in the group fed with T3 diet followed by T2. Furthermore, an elevated level of serum IgM and higher activity of serum lysozyme was also recorded in PSD fed groups, especially for T3 group which confirmed the probiotic efficiency of the bacterium B. amyloliquefaciens CCF7. We strongly believe that B. amyloliquefaciens CCF7 will be a good probiotic candidate in aquaculture industries.
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Tan CK, Natrah I, Suyub IB, Edward MJ, Kaman N, Samsudin AA. Comparative study of gut microbiota in wild and captive Malaysian Mahseer (Tor tambroides). Microbiologyopen 2018; 8:e00734. [PMID: 30353678 PMCID: PMC6528585 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims The aim of this study was to identify and compare the gut microbial community of wild and captive Tor tambroides through 16S rDNA metagenetic sequencing followed by functions prediction. Methods and results The library of 16S rDNA V3‐V4 hypervariable regions of gut microbiota was amplified and sequenced using Illumina MiSeq. The sequencing data were analyzed using Quantitative Insights into Microbial Ecology (QIIME) pipeline and Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt). The most abundant bacterial phyla in both wild and captive T. tambroides were Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Cetobacterium spp., Peptostreptococcaceae family, Bacteroides spp., Phosphate solubilizing bacteria PSB‐M‐3, and Vibrio spp. were five most abundant OTU in wild T. tambroides as compared to Cetobacterium spp., Citrobacter spp., Aeromonadaceae family, Peptostreptococcaceae family and Turicibacter spp. in captive T. tambroides. Conclusion In this study, the specimens of the wild T. tambroides contain more diverse gut microbiota than of the captive ones. The results suggested that Cetobacterium spp. is one of the core microbiota in guts of T. tambroides. Besides, high abundant Bacteroides spp., Citrobacter spp., Turicibacter spp., and Bacillus spp. may provide important functions in T. tambroides guts. Significance and impact of the study The results of this study provide significant information of T. tambroides gut microbiota for further understanding of their physiological functions including growth and disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun K. Tan
- Agro‐Biotechnology Institute (ABI)National Institutes of Biotechnology Malaysia (NIBM)SerdangMalaysia
- Faculty of AgricultureDepartment of AquacultureUniversiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)SerdangMalaysia
| | - Ikhsan Natrah
- Faculty of AgricultureDepartment of AquacultureUniversiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)SerdangMalaysia
| | - Iswan B. Suyub
- Faculty of AgricultureDepartment of Animal ScienceUniversiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)SerdangMalaysia
| | - Marilyn J. Edward
- Agro‐Biotechnology Institute (ABI)National Institutes of Biotechnology Malaysia (NIBM)SerdangMalaysia
| | - Nazrien Kaman
- Agro‐Biotechnology Institute (ABI)National Institutes of Biotechnology Malaysia (NIBM)SerdangMalaysia
| | - Anjas A. Samsudin
- Faculty of AgricultureDepartment of Animal ScienceUniversiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)SerdangMalaysia
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44
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Hoseinifar SH, Sun YZ, Wang A, Zhou Z. Probiotics as Means of Diseases Control in Aquaculture, a Review of Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2429. [PMID: 30369918 PMCID: PMC6194580 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Along with the intensification of culture systems to meet the increasing global demands, there was an elevated risk for diseases outbreak and substantial loss for farmers. In view of several drawbacks caused by prophylactic administration of antibiotics, strict regulations have been established to ban or minimize their application in aquaculture. As an alternative to antibiotics, dietary administration of feed additives has received increasing attention during the past three decades. Probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics and medicinal plants were among the most promising feed supplements for control or treatments of bacterial, viral and parasitic diseases of fish and shellfish. The present review summarizes and discusses the topic of potential application of probiotics as a means of disease control with comprehensive look at the available literature. The possible mode of action of probiotics (Strengthening immune response, competition for binding sites, production of antibacterial substances, and competition for nutrients) in providing protection against diseases is described. Besides, we have classified different pathogens and separately described the effects of probiotics as protective strategy. Furthermore, we have addressed the gaps of existing knowledge as well as the topics that merit further investigations. Overall, the present review paper revealed potential of different probiont to be used as protective agent against various pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Yun-Zhang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Anran Wang
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhigang Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Zaineldin AI, Hegazi S, Koshio S, Ishikawa M, Bakr A, El-Keredy AMS, Dawood MAO, Dossou S, Wang W, Yukun Z. Bacillus subtilis as probiotic candidate for red sea bream: Growth performance, oxidative status, and immune response traits. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 79:303-312. [PMID: 29792927 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The effects of dietary administration of Bacillus subtilis on the growth, digestive enzyme activity, blood chemistry, oxidative status and immune response of red sea bream (Pagrus major) were evaluated in the current study. Fish fed five different levels of B. subtilis at 0 (BS0), 1 × 104 (BS1), 1 × 106 (BS2), 1 × 108 (BS3) and 1 × 1010 (BS4) CFU kg-1 diet for 60 days. The obtained results showed that B. subtilis supplementation significantly improved growth performance (FBW, WG and SGR), feed utilization (FI, FCE, PER and PG) and whole-body protein content when compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the specific activities of amylase, protease and lipase enzymes up regulated significantly upon B. subtilis incorporation in red sea bream diets (P < 0.05). No changes have been reported on blood biochemical variables except for the plasma total protein, which increased significantly in fish fed BS3 diet when compared with the control diet (P < 0.05). Hematocrit, hemoglobin and the nitro blue tetrazolium values also reported the highest values significantly in fish fed B. subtilis, especially in case of BS3 and BS4 diets (P < 0.05). Serum bactericidal activity enhanced significantly in BS2, BS3 and BS4 groups (P < 0.05), while mucus bactericidal activity showed no significant activity among tested groups (P > 0.05). Serum lysozyme activity exhibited higher values in case of BS3 and BS4 groups than BS0 group (P < 0.05), while mucus lysozyme activity increased only in BS3 group. Also, serum peroxidase activity enhanced significantly in fish fed BS2 and BS3 diets (P < 0.05), however, no activities were observed in the collected mucus. All groups reflexed high tolerance ability against oxidative stress except for BS0 and BS1 groups. Additionally, catalase activity increased significantly in all B. subtilis fed groups when compared to BS0 group (P < 0.05). Considering the obtained results, the supplementation of B. subtilis in the diet of red sea bream at 1 × 108 and 1 × 1010 CFU kg-1 diet could improve the growth, feed utilization, health condition and immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr I Zaineldin
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 4-50-20, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan; Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI-DOKI), Agriculture Research Center, Egypt
| | - Sayed Hegazi
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Shunsuke Koshio
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 4-50-20, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan
| | - Manabu Ishikawa
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 4-50-20, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan
| | - Abdulnasser Bakr
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Abeer M S El-Keredy
- Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI-DOKI), Agriculture Research Center, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A O Dawood
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 4-50-20, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan; Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.
| | - Serge Dossou
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 4-50-20, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan
| | - Weilong Wang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 4-50-20, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan
| | - Zhang Yukun
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 4-50-20, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan
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46
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Nandi A, Dan SK, Banerjee G, Ghosh P, Ghosh K, Ringø E, Ray AK. Probiotic Potential of Autochthonous Bacteria Isolated from the Gastrointestinal Tract of Four Freshwater Teleosts. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2018; 9:12-21. [PMID: 27557836 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-016-9228-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a total of 121 bacterial strains were isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of four teleostean species, namely striped snakehead (Channa striatus), striped dwarf catfish (Mystus vittatus), orangefin labeo (Labeo calbasu) and mrigal carp (Cirrhinus mrigala), among which 8 isolates showed promising antibacterial activity against four potential fish pathogens, Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas salmonicida, Aeromonas sobria and Pseudomonas fluorescens and were non-hemolytic. The isolates were further screened in response to fish bile tolerance and extracellular digestive enzyme activity. Two bacterial strains MVF1 and MVH7 showed highest tolerance and extracellular enzymes activities, and selected for further studies. Antagonistic activity of these two isolates was further confirmed by in vitro growth inhibition assay against four selected fish pathogens in liquid medium. Finally, these two bacterial strains MVF1 and MVH7 were selected as potential probiotic candidates and thus identification by partial 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The bacterial isolates MVF1 and MVH7 were identified as two strains of Bacillus sp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Nandi
- Fisheries Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, West Bengal, 731235, India
| | - Suhas Kumar Dan
- Fisheries Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, West Bengal, 731235, India
| | - Goutam Banerjee
- Fisheries Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, West Bengal, 731235, India
| | - Pinki Ghosh
- Fisheries Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, West Bengal, 731235, India
| | - Koushik Ghosh
- Department of Zoology, University of Burdwan, Golap Bag, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713 104, India
| | - Einar Ringø
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Breivika, Norway
| | - Arun Kumar Ray
- Fisheries Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, West Bengal, 731235, India.
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Meidong R, Khotchanalekha K, Doolgindachbaporn S, Nagasawa T, Nakao M, Sakai K, Tongpim S. Evaluation of probiotic Bacillus aerius B81e isolated from healthy hybrid catfish on growth, disease resistance and innate immunity of Pla-mong Pangasius bocourti. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 73:1-10. [PMID: 29162546 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Infectious diseases have been found to be a major cause of mortality in fish hatcheries. Probiotics have been introduced to replace antibiotics commonly used for treatment of bacterial infection in aquaculture. This study was conducted to isolate, screen, and evaluate the probiotic Bacillus spp. for potential use as a feed supplement to enhance fish growth, disease resistance and innate immunity of Pla-mong Pangasius bocourti. Bacillus aerius strain B81e was selectively isolated from the intestine of healthy catfish and chosen based on its probiotic properties both in vitro and in vivo. This bacterium produced a bacteriocin-like substance and exhibited a broad-spectrum antibacterial activity inhibiting both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria especially the fish pathogens Aeromonas hydrophila and Streptococcus agalactiae. The susceptibility to all 8 antibiotics tested implies that it is unlikely to be an antibiotic-resistant bacterium. B. aerius strain B81e possessed interesting adhesion properties as shown by its high percentages of hydrophobicity, auto-aggregation, co-aggregation with fish pathogens A. hydrophila FW52 and S. agalactiae F3S and mucin binding. The strain B81e survived simulated gastrointestinal conditions, producing protease and lipase but not β-haemolysin. The study also evaluated the effects of dietary supplementation with strain B81e on growth performance, innate immunity, and the disease resistance of P. bocourti against A. hydrophila infection. Fish with a mean body weight of 69 g were fed strain B81e at 0 (control) and 107 CFU g-1 feed (test) for 60 days. Various growth and immune parameters were examined at 30 and 60 days post-feeding. Fish were challenged with A. hydrophila 60 days post-feeding and mortalities were recorded over 14 days post-infection. Results showed that the administration of strain B81e for 60 days had significant effects (p < 0.05) on weight gain, specific growth rate and feed utilization efficiency of P. bocourti. Dietary administration of strain B81e increased the serum lysozyme and bactericidal activities of P. bocourti significantly throughout the experimental period whereas the alternative complement, phagocytic and respiratory burst activities were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the test fish compared to the control fish after 60 days of feeding. In addition, the fish fed a strain B81e supplemented diet had a significantly higher (p < 0.05) post-challenge survival rate than the control fish. The results in this study indicate that B. aerius B81e has beneficial effects on growth performance, innate immunity and disease resistance of P. bocourti. This is the first report on the probiotic roles of B. aerius in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratchanu Meidong
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bansomdejchaopraya Rajabhat University, Bangkok, 10600, Thailand
| | - Kulwadee Khotchanalekha
- Department of Science and Technology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Chaiyaphum Rajabhat University, Chaiyaphum 3600, Thailand
| | | | - Takahiro Nagasawa
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Miki Nakao
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Kenji Sakai
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Saowanit Tongpim
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
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Čanak I, Markov K, Melvan E, Starčević A, Živković M, Zadravec M, Pleadin J, Jakopović Ž, Kostelac D, Frece J. Isolation and Characterisation of L. plantarum O1 Producer
of Plantaricin as Potential Starter Culture for the Biopreservation of Aquatic Food Products. Food Technol Biotechnol 2018; 56:581-589. [PMID: 30923455 PMCID: PMC6399718 DOI: 10.17113/ftb.56.04.18.5707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus plantarum O1 was isolated from the gut of sea bream (Sparus aurata) and identified with the API biochemical test and MALDI-TOF MS. This strain was further characterised according to the selection criteria for lactic acid bacteria as starter cultures for aquatic food production. L. plantarum O1 showed good antimicrobial activity against pathogenic test microorganisms. Further investigation confirmed it as the producer of the bacteriocin plantaricin. This strain also showed good growth at a wide range of temperatures (from 4 to 45 °C) and a wide range of pH (2–12), even in the presence of 3.5% NaCl. Its viability was also good after lyophilisation and in simulated gastric and small intestinal juice. The strain is a promising probiotic, and our further research will focus on its application in the biopreservation of fresh fish and shellfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Čanak
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ksenija Markov
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ena Melvan
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Antonio Starčević
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mattea Živković
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Manuela Zadravec
- Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska 143, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jelka Pleadin
- Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska 143, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Željko Jakopović
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Deni Kostelac
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jadranka Frece
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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49
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Ramesh D, Souissi S, Ahamed TS. Effects of the potential probiotics Bacillus aerophilus KADR3 in inducing immunity and disease resistance in Labeo rohita. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 70:408-415. [PMID: 28917486 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the dietary administration of Bacillus aerophilus KADR3 on enhancing the immunity and disease resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila infection in Labeo rohita. B. aerophilus culture supernatant exhibited antagonistic activity against fish pathogenic bacteria in an agar well diffusion assay. Four fish groups were fed with either of following diets containing different concentrations of B. aerophilus KADR3 (cfu g-1): 0 (control), 1 × 107 (DI), 1 × 108 (DII), and 1 × 109 (DIII) -cfu g-1. Various innate immune parameters were measured at - 3rd and 6th - week post-feeding. At the end of 6th week, fish were challenged intraperitoneally with A. hydrophila and survival percentage was recorded over 10 days post-challenge. Studied immunological parameters viz. serum lysozyme, phagocytosis, serum total protein, respiratory bursts, serum IgM levels, superoxide dismutase and alternative complement pathway activities were significantly enhanced (P < 0.05) in fish groups fed with B. aerophilus KADR3 supplemented diets, with the highest values were observed in DII (108 cfu g-1) fed group. Further, B. aerophilus supplementation at 108 cfu g-1 exhibited highest post-challenge survivability i.e. 72.83%, followed by DIII (64.19%) and DI (41.97%). Our results collectively suggest that B. aerophilus can potentially be used as probiotic strain in aquaculture to enhance the immunity and disease resistance with an optimal dietary supplementation of 108 cfu g-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmaraj Ramesh
- Department of Marine Biotechnology (NFMC), Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Sami Souissi
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Univ. Littoral Cote d'Opale, UMR 8187, LOG, Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences, 62930 Wimereux, France
| | - Tharifkhan Shan Ahamed
- Department of Marine Biotechnology (NFMC), Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
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50
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Sepúlveda FA, Torres JF, Infante CD, González MT. Potential role of ectoparasites (Zeuxapta seriolae and Caligus lalandei) in the transmission of pathogenic bacteria in yellowtail kingfish Seriola lalandi, inferred from cultivable microbiota and molecular analyses. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2017; 40:979-985. [PMID: 27943365 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F A Sepúlveda
- Laboratorio de Ecología Parasitaria y Epidemiología Marina LEPyEM, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Recursos Biológicos, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - J F Torres
- Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Recursos Biológicos, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - C D Infante
- Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Recursos Biológicos, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
- Centro de Bioinnovación, Instituto Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - M T González
- Laboratorio de Ecología Parasitaria y Epidemiología Marina LEPyEM, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Recursos Biológicos, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
- Instituto de Ciencias Naturales 'Alexander von Humboldt', Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Recursos Biológicos, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
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