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Tang Z, Huang G, Huang H. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction, analysis and properties of purple mangosteen scarfskin polysaccharide and its acetylated derivative. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 109:107010. [PMID: 39094265 PMCID: PMC11345888 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.107010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Purple mangosteen scarfskin polysaccharide has many important physiological functions, but its preparation method, structure, and function need further exploration. A polysaccharide was obtained from mangosteen scarfskin by ultrasonic-assisted extraction and purified. On this basis, its structure and physicochemical properties were investigated. The Congo red experiment was used to determine whether it has a triple helix conformation. The structure of purple mangosteen scarfskin polysaccharide was further analyzed by infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic analysis. The antioxidant activities of the above three polysaccharides were studied by related experiments. It was found that the monosaccharide composition of purple mangosteen scarfskin polysaccharide mainly contained a large amount of arabinose, a small amount of rhamnoose and a very small amount of galacturonic acid, and its core main chain was composed of 1,4-α-arabinose. It did not have this spatial configuration. After the acetylation of purple mangosteen scarfskin polysaccharide, the acetylated derivative with a degree of substitution of 0.33 was obtained. It was found that they had certain scavenging and inhibiting effects on hydroxyl radicals and lipid peroxidation, and their activities were related to the concentration of polysaccharides. Meanwhile, the antioxidant activity of the polysaccharide was significantly enhanced after the modified treatment of acetylation, which indicated that chemical modification could effectively improve some activities of polysaccharide. The above studies provided some reference value for the further research and development of purple mangosteen scarfskin polysaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjie Tang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Science and Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Gangliang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Science and Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Hualiang Huang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology of Hubei Province, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
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Dong W, Li Y, Xue S, Wen F, Meng D, Zhang Y, Yang R. Yeast polysaccharides: The environmentally friendly polysaccharides with broad application potentials. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e70003. [PMID: 39223755 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.70003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Yeast cell wall (YCW) polysaccharides, including β-glucans, mannans, chitins, and glycogens, can be extracted from the waste of beer industry. They are environmentally friendly, abundant, inexpensive raw materials, and have shown broad biological activities and application potentials. The exploitation of yeast polysaccharides is of great importance for environmental protection and resource utilization. This paper reviews the structural features and preparation of YCW polysaccharides. The solubility and emulsification of yeast polysaccharides and the properties of binding metal ions are presented. In addition, biological activities such as blood glucose and lipid lowering, immune regulation, antioxidant, promotion of intestinal health, and promotion of wound healing are proposed, highlighting the beneficial effects of yeast polysaccharides on human health. Through modification, the physical and chemical properties of yeast polysaccharides are changed, which emphasizes the promotion of their biological activities and properties. In addition, the food applications of yeast polysaccharides, including the food packaging film, emulsifier, thickening agent, and fat alternatives, are focused and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yichen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Shurong Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Fengge Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Demei Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
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3
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Chen W, Ma X, Jin W, Cheng H, Xu G, Wen H, Xu P. Shellfish polysaccharides: A comprehensive review of extraction, purification, structural characterization, and beneficial health effects. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 279:135190. [PMID: 39216565 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Global food systems are currently facing great challenges, such as food sources, food safety, and environmental crises. Alternative nutritional resources have been proposed as part of the solution to meeting future global food demand. In the natural resources, shellfish are the major component of global aquatic animals. Although most studies focus on the allergy, toxin, and contamination of shellfish, it is also a delicious food to the human diet rich in proteins, polysaccharides, minerals, and omega-3. Among the functional ingredients, shellfish polysaccharides possess nutritional and medicinal values that arouse the great interest of researchers. The selection of the extraction approach and the experimental condition are the key factors that influence the extraction efficiency of shellfish polysaccharides. Importantly, the purification of crude polysaccharides comprises the enrichment of shellfish polysaccharides and isolation of fractions, also resulting in various structural characteristics and physicochemical properties. Chemical modification is also an efficient method to further improve the biological activities of shellfish polysaccharides. This review summarizes the extraction, purification, structural characterization, and chemical modification methods for shellfish polysaccharides. Additionally, the beneficial health effects of shellfish polysaccharides are highlighted, with an emphasis on their potential mechanism. Finally, current challenges and perspectives on shellfish polysaccharides are also spotlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanwen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; Sino-US Cooperative International Laboratory for Germplasm Conservation and Utilization of Freshwater Mollusks, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xueyan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; Sino-US Cooperative International Laboratory for Germplasm Conservation and Utilization of Freshwater Mollusks, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wu Jin
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; Sino-US Cooperative International Laboratory for Germplasm Conservation and Utilization of Freshwater Mollusks, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gangchun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; Sino-US Cooperative International Laboratory for Germplasm Conservation and Utilization of Freshwater Mollusks, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haibo Wen
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; Sino-US Cooperative International Laboratory for Germplasm Conservation and Utilization of Freshwater Mollusks, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Pao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; Sino-US Cooperative International Laboratory for Germplasm Conservation and Utilization of Freshwater Mollusks, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
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Song Z, Huang G, Huang H. The ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction, characteristics and antioxidant activities of lychee nuclear polysaccharide. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 110:107038. [PMID: 39180869 PMCID: PMC11386491 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.107038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
A response surface methodology (RSM) and one-factor method were established to investigate the optimum conditions for the extraction of lychee nuclear polysaccharides (LSP) by ultrasonic-assisted pectinase. The content of basic components in polysaccharides was determined. The antioxidant activity was well determined and compared the differences in the activities of the polysaccharides extracted by water extraction (LSP-HW) and those extracted at ultrasound-assisted enzyme (LSP-UAE). The activity of lychee nuclear polysaccharide increased with the increase of concentration. The anti-hydroxyl radical and anti-lipid peroxidation abilities of lychee nuclear polysaccharide were more excellent, and LSP-HW was slightly better than LSP-UAE in terms of activity, but the difference was not significant. In terms of solubility; LSP-HW without deproteinization was the best, followed by LSP-UAE, and the worst was LSP-UAE after deproteinization. The higher the glycoprotein content, the better the solubility of its polysaccharide. Compared with the existing extraction methods, this experiment greatly improved the extraction rate of lychee nuclear polysaccharides and further enriched the antioxidant activities of polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongyan Song
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Science and Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Gangliang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Science and Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Hualiang Huang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology of Hubei Province, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
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Huang L, Wang Y, Zhong K, Jiang Z, Jia H, Chen S, Zhao Z, Chen X. In Vitro Characterization and Identification of Potential Probiotic Yeasts Isolated from Zaopocu, a Traditional Fermented Dregs Vinegar from Hainan Island. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10347-8. [PMID: 39160414 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10347-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Recently, there has been an increasing interest in researching fermented food-derived yeasts as probiotics because they offer a natural and diverse source of potential strains with unique functional properties and health benefits. In this study, 13 yeast strains isolated from Zaopocu (ZPC), a traditional fermented dregs vinegar on Hainan Island, China, were evaluated for their probiotic characteristics in vitro. Yeast identification was conducted through 5.8S-ITS region sequencing, revealing Kodamaea ohmeri as the predominantly isolated species (ZPC_Y3, Y5, Y6, Y11), followed by Pichia kudriavzevii (ZPC_Y2, Y13, Y14), Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (ZPC_Y9, Y10), Pichia fermentans (ZPC_Y8, Y12), Pichia kluyveri (ZPC_Y4), and Pichia occidentalis (ZPC_Y1). Except for ZPC_Y4, ZPC_Y8, and ZPC_Y12, all isolated yeasts exhibited stable growth at 37 °C. The survival rates of all test strains exceeded 60% under challenging conditions at pH = 2 and 0.3% bile salt, along with strong antioxidant activity (> 5 6%), notable autoaggregation (> 70%), and varying levels of cell hydrophobicity with xylene (ranging from 35.32 ± 8.57% to 89.73 ± 4.84%). In addition, all isolates showed resistance to multiple antibiotics, along with antagonistic activity, and were deemed safe as none exhibited hemolytic, gelatinase, or DNase activities. Significantly, two P. kudriavzevii strains (ZPC_Y2, Y14) exhibited the production of catalase, lipase, and β-galactosidase, along with the capacity to synthesize gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). In summary, this preliminary study represents the first attempt to identify and characterize potential probiotic yeast strains isolated from Zaopocu, providing a theoretical basis for exploring their application in developing novel therapeutic probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Huang
- Experimental Animal Center for Teaching, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- School of Tropical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Keyan Zhong
- Experimental Animal Center for Teaching, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Ziyuan Jiang
- School of Tropical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Hengkai Jia
- School of Tropical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Shuying Chen
- School of Tropical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhao
- The First Clinical College, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Xinjun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medicine and Life Sciences, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China.
- Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medicine and Life Sciences, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China.
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Chen N, Jiang T, Xu J, Xi W, Shang E, Xiao P, Duan JA. The relationship between polysaccharide structure and its antioxidant activity needs to be systematically elucidated. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132391. [PMID: 38761914 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Polysaccharides have a wide range of applications due to their excellent antioxidant activity. However, the low purity and unclear structure of polysaccharides have led some researchers to be skeptical about the antioxidant activity of polysaccharides. The current reports on the structure-activity relationship of polysaccharides are sporadic, so there is an urgent need to systematically summarize the antioxidant effects of polysaccharides with clear structures and the relationships between the structures to provide a scientific basis for the development and application of polysaccharides. This paper will systematically elucidate the structure-activity relationship of antioxidant polysaccharides, including the molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, glycosidic linkage, degree of branching, advanced conformation and chemical modification. For the first time, the antioxidant activity of polysaccharides is related to their chemical structure through histogram and radar map, and further studies using principal component analysis and cluster analysis. We critically discussed how the source, chemical structure and chemically modified groups of polysaccharides significantly contribute to their antioxidant activity and summarized the current research status and shortcomings of the structure-activity relationship of antioxidant polysaccharides. This review provides a theoretical basis and new perspective for further research on the structure-activity relationship of antioxidant polysaccharides and the development of natural antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuo Chen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Tingyue Jiang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jianxin Xu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenjie Xi
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Erxin Shang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ping Xiao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Lee HJ, Park BR, Chewaka LS. A Comparative Study of Composition and Soluble Polysaccharide Content between Brewer's Spent Yeast and Cultured Yeast Cells. Foods 2024; 13:1567. [PMID: 38790867 PMCID: PMC11121356 DOI: 10.3390/foods13101567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Yeast, crucial in beer production, holds great potential owing to its ability to transform into a valuable by-product resource, known as brewer's spent yeast (BSY), with potentially beneficial physiological effects. This study aimed to compare the composition and soluble polysaccharide content of Brewer's spent yeast with those of cultured yeast strains, namely Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC) and S. boulardii (SB), to facilitate the utilization of BSY as an alternative source of functional polysaccharides. BSY exhibited significantly higher carbohydrate content and lower crude protein content than SC and SB cells. The residues recovered through autolysis were 53.11%, 43.83%, and 44.99% for BSY, SC, and SB, respectively. Notably, the polysaccharide content of the BSY residue (641.90 μg/mg) was higher than that of SC (553.52 μg/mg) and SB (591.56 μg/mg). The yields of alkali-extracted water-soluble polysaccharides were 33.62%, 40.76%, and 42.97% for BSY, SC, and SB, respectively, with BSY comprising a comparable proportion of water-soluble saccharides made with SC and SB, including 49.31% mannan and 20.18% β-glucan. Furthermore, BSY demonstrated antioxidant activities, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), ABTS, and DPPH scavenging potential, suggesting its ability to mitigate oxidative stress. BSY also exhibited a significantly higher total phenolic compound content, indicating its potential to act as an effective functional food material.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Legesse Shiferaw Chewaka
- Department of Agro-Food Resource, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju 54875, Republic of Korea; (H.J.L.); (B.-R.P.)
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Jiao F, Cui X, Gong X, Jiang G, Wang J, Meng L. The effects of ultrasonic processing on the antioxidant activity of Geotrichum candidum LG-8 and its cell wall extracts. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1334956. [PMID: 38450237 PMCID: PMC10915238 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1334956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Extraction techniques that influence cell wall polysaccharides (EPS) is crucial for maximizing their bioactivity. This study evaluates ultrasound technology for extracting antioxidant polysaccharides from Geotrichum candidum LG-8, assessing its impacton antioxidant activity. Methods Ultrasound extraction of EPS from G. candidum LG-8 was optimized (18 min, pH 7.0, 40 W/cm2, 0.75 M NaCl). ABTS scavenging efficiency and monosaccharide composition of LG-EPS1 and LG-EPS3 were analyzed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results The Results showed that ultrasonic treatment markedly increased the ABTS radical scavenging efficiency of LG-8 cells by 47%. At a concentration of 1 mg/mL, the ultrasonically extracted LG-EPS1 and LG-EPS3 polysaccharides exhibited significant ABTS radical scavenging efficiencies of 26% and 51%, respectively. Monosaccharide composition analysis identified mannose and glucose in LG-EPS1, while LG-EPS3 was primarily composed of mannose. FTIR spectra verified the polysaccharides' presence, and SEM provided visual confirmation of the nanoparticle structures characteristic of LG-EPS1 and LG-EPS3. Discussion This research not only underscores the technological merits of ultrasound in polysaccharide extraction but also highlights the potential of G. candidum LG-8 derived polysaccharides as valuable bioactive compounds for antioxidant utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengping Jiao
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xianping Cui
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaodi Gong
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guozheng Jiang
- Yantai Hengyuan Bioengineering Co. Ltd., Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Jinbiao Wang
- Yantai Hengyuan Bioengineering Co. Ltd., Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Ling Meng
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Arslan NP, Dawar P, Albayrak S, Doymus M, Azad F, Esim N, Taskin M. Fungi-derived natural antioxidants. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-24. [PMID: 38156661 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2298770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
In humans, exogenous antioxidants aid the endogenous antioxidant system to detoxify excess ROS generated during oxidative stress, thereby protecting the body against various diseases and stressful conditions. The majority of natural antioxidants available on the consumer market are plant-based; however, fungi are being recognized as alternative sources of various natural antioxidants such as polysaccharides, pigments, peptides, sterols, phenolics, alkaloids, and flavonoids. In addition, some exogenous antioxidants are exclusively found in fungi. Fungi-derived antioxidants exhibit scavenging activities against DPPH, ABTS, hydroxyl, superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and nitric oxide radicals in vitro. Furthermore, in vivo models, application of fungal-derived antioxidants increase the level of various antioxidant enzymes, such as catalases, superoxide dismutases, and glutathione peroxidases, and reduce the level of malondialdehyde. Therefore, fungi-derived antioxidants have potential to be used in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. This review summarizes the antioxidant potential of different fungi (mushrooms, yeasts, and molds)-derived natural compounds such as polysaccharides, pigments, peptides, ergothioneine, ergosterol, phenolics, alkaloids, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pranav Dawar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Seyda Albayrak
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Meryem Doymus
- Vocational School of Health Services of Hinis, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fakhrul Azad
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nevzat Esim
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science and Art Faculty, Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey
| | - Mesut Taskin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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10
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Wu Y, Li P, Jiang Z, Sun X, He H, Yan P, Xu Y, Liu Y. Bioinspired yeast-based β-glucan system for oral drug delivery. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 319:121163. [PMID: 37567689 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Oral drug delivery is the preferred route of drug administration for patients, especially those who need long-term medication. Recently, bioinspired drug delivery systems have emerged for the oral delivery of various therapeutics. Among them, the yeast-based β-glucan system is a novel and promising platform, for oral administration that can overcome the biological barriers of the harsh gastrointestinal environment. Remarkably, the yeast-based β-glucan system not only protects the drug through the harsh gastrointestinal environment but also achieves targeted therapeutic effects by specifically recognizing immune cells, especially macrophages. Otherwise, it exhibits immunomodulatory properties. Based on the pleasant characteristics of the yeast-based β-glucan system, they are widely used in various macrophage-related diseases for oral administration. In this review, we introduced the structure and function of yeast-based β-glucan. Subsequently, we further summarized the current preparation methods of yeast-based β-glucan carriers and the strategies for preparing yeast-based β-glucan drug delivery systems. In addition, we focus on discussing the applications of β-glucan drug delivery systems in various diseases. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives of the β-glucan drug delivery system are introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Wu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, China; Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Pengyun Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Zongzhe Jiang
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, China; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaolei Sun
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, China; Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, China
| | - Huqiang He
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, China; Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, China
| | - Pijun Yan
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, China; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, China; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, China; Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
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11
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Fernandes PAR, Coimbra MA. The antioxidant activity of polysaccharides: A structure-function relationship overview. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 314:120965. [PMID: 37173007 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Over the last years, polysaccharides have been linked to antioxidant effects using both in vitro chemical and biological models. The reported structures, claimed to act as antioxidants, comprise chitosan, pectic polysaccharides, glucans, mannoproteins, alginates, fucoidans, and many others of all type of biological sources. The structural features linked to the antioxidant action include the polysaccharide charge, molecular weight, and the occurrence of non-carbohydrate substituents. The establishment of structure/function relationships can be, however, biased by secondary phenomena that tailor polysaccharides behavior in antioxidant systems. In this sense, this review confronts some basic concepts of polysaccharides chemistry with the current claim of carbohydrates as antioxidants. It critically discusses how the fine structure and properties of polysaccharides can define polysaccharides as antioxidants. Polysaccharides antioxidant action is highly dependent on their solubility, sugar ring structure, molecular weight, occurrence of positive or negatively charged groups, protein moieties and covalently linked phenolic compounds. However, the occurrence of phenolic compounds and protein as contaminants leads to misleading results in methodologies often used for screening and characterization purposes, as well as in vivo models. Despite falling in the concept of antioxidants, the role of polysaccharides must be well defined according with the matrices where they are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro A R Fernandes
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Manuel A Coimbra
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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12
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Ma L, Chen T, Wu J, Li X, Wang J, Li W. The structure and in vitro antioxidant activity of carboxymethyl glucans. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:3048-3064. [PMID: 36562541 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2146109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a degree substitution of 0.796 was obtained through the process of carboxymethylation (CMG). Carboxymethyl glucans with three different molecular weights (CMG-A, CMG-B and CMG-C) were obtained using membrane separation technology. Structural characterization and in vitro antioxidant activity were also evaluated. As per the outcomes of infrared spectroscopy spectroscopy and Nuclear magnetic resonance studies, CMG-A, CMG-B, CMG-C and contained carboxyl methyl groups. The substitution order of carboxymethylation branched-chain was as follows: 6δ > 4δ > 2δ. Atomic Force Microscope images obtained from the analysis of dilute aqueous solution (0.1 mg/mL) showed that some of the structures in CMG-A, CMG-B and CMG-C, were triple-helical species coexisting with larger aggregates and single chains. In vitro antioxidant experiment shown that the CMG-C had the best antioxidant property, the half-inhibitory concentration of hydroxyl radical scavenging, iron chelation and ABTS scavenging were 0.319, 0.168 and 1.344 mg/mL, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ma
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Ten Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Jiaxin Wu
- School of Pharmacy Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xin Li
- Environmental and Applied Microbiology Key Laboratory, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, province, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Wenjian Li
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
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13
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Maggiolino A, Centoducati G, Casalino E, Elia G, Latronico T, Liuzzi MG, Macchia L, Dahl GE, Ventriglia G, Zizzo N, De Palo P. Use of a commercial feed supplement based on yeast products and microalgae with or without nucleotide addition in calves. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:4397-4412. [PMID: 37080790 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
The use of feed additives with antioxidant and immune response modulatory activity could be a useful strategy in suckling calves to reduce morbidity and mortality. This strategy is based on several feed additives tested for these purposes. The aim of the paper is the examination of a commercial feed additive for adult cows for use in calves, with and without nucleotide supplementation. Seventy-five Holstein Friesian male calves were divided in 3 groups, with each calf randomly assigned to a group according to birth order. All calves received 2 L of pooled colostrum within 2 h of birth. The commercial feed supplement group was orally administered with 5 g/head of Decosel (dried brewer's yeast lysate (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), brewer's yeast walls (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), diatoms, spirulina, barley flour, calcium carbonate; Agroteam srl, Torrimpietra, Italy) and the nucleotides + commercial feed supplement group was orally administered with 5 g/head of an additive containing 2.5 g of Decosel and 2.5 g of nucleotides once daily from birth to 25 d. The control group was orally administered 20 mL of fresh water/head once daily. Calves that received the supplement and the nucleotides showed lower rates of protein and metabolizable energy conversion, with longer villi and greater crypt depth in duodenum. Moreover, the commercial feed supplement alone increased antioxidant capacity [2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power] in plasma some activity of antioxidant liver enzymes, and peripheral blood mononuclear cell viability after in vitro concanavalin A and H2O2 stimuli. Dietary supplementation with a commercial feed supplement containing yeast products (yeast cell walls and hydrolyzed yeast) and microalgae enhanced the redox balance and gut morphology in calves, allowing calves to improve their immune response, increasing resistance to stress. Moreover, these beneficial effects were strongly potentiated when dietary nucleotides were added to the supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristide Maggiolino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari A. Moro, 70010 Valenzano, Italy
| | - Gerardo Centoducati
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari A. Moro, 70010 Valenzano, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Casalino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari A. Moro, 70010 Valenzano, Italy
| | - Gabriella Elia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari A. Moro, 70010 Valenzano, Italy
| | - Tiziana Latronico
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Aldo Moro, 70026 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Liuzzi
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Aldo Moro, 70026 Bari, Italy
| | - Luigi Macchia
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, School and Chair of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, University of Bari, Aldo Moro, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Geoffrey E Dahl
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32608
| | - Gianluca Ventriglia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari A. Moro, 70010 Valenzano, Italy
| | - Nicola Zizzo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari A. Moro, 70010 Valenzano, Italy
| | - Pasquale De Palo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari A. Moro, 70010 Valenzano, Italy
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14
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Alagbe EO, Schulze H, Adeola O. Growth performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal morphology, cecal mucosal cytokines and serum antioxidant responses of broiler chickens to dietary enzymatically treated yeast and coccidia challenge. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2023; 14:57. [PMID: 37038240 PMCID: PMC10084602 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-023-00846-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a growing search for natural feed additives to alleviate the deleterious effects of coccidia infection in poultry production. This study aimed to investigate the effect of enzymatically treated yeast (ETY) on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal morphology, antioxidative status, and cecal mucosa cytokines of coccidia-challenged broiler chickens. METHODS From d 1 to 14 post hatching, 480 broiler chickens were allocated to 3 corn-soybean meal-based experimental diets with increasing concentrations of ETY (0, 1, or 2 g/kg). The experiment was designed as a randomized complete block design with body weight (BW) used as a blocking factor. On d 14 post hatching, the birds were re-randomized within each of the 3 experimental diets. Each of the 3 diet groups was split into a challenge or no-challenge group. This resulted in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. The coccidia challenge was administered on d 15 by an oral gavage. RESULTS Dietary ETY improved (P < 0.05) the G:F of birds on d 21 regardless of the challenge state and linearly increased (P < 0.01) the apparent ileal digestibility of dry matter (DM), nitrogen, and gross energy (GE). The coccidia challenge decreased (P < 0.05) BW gain and feed intake of broiler chickens and reduced (P < 0.01) the total tract retention of DM, GE, and nitrogen. The coccidia challenge increased (P < 0.01) the mRNA gene expression of TNFα, IL-1β, IL-10, and IL-6 in the cecal mucosa. There was a tendency (P = 0.08) for ETY to linearly reduce IL-1β expression. Additionally, ETY supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the gene expression of OCLN. Serum catalase increased (P < 0.05) with dietary ETY in broiler chickens on d 21. Dietary ETY linearly increased (P < 0.05) the ileal villus height to crypt depth ratio, and ileal goblet cell density in broiler chickens. The ileal and excreta oocyst counts decreased (P < 0.01) with increasing supplementation of dietary ETY in coccidia-challenged broiler chickens on d 21. CONCLUSIONS Dietary ETY enhanced nutrient utilization and augmented intestinal development in broiler chickens. However, dietary ETY did not completely attenuate the adverse effects of a coccidia challenge in broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Olayiwola Adeola
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
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15
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Dietary 1,3-β-Glucans Affect Growth, Breast Muscle Composition, Antioxidant Activity, Inflammatory Response, and Economic Efficiency in Broiler Chickens. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13030751. [PMID: 36983906 PMCID: PMC10054407 DOI: 10.3390/life13030751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, researchers have been intensively looking for novel, safe antibiotic alternatives because of the prevalence of many clinical and subclinical diseases affecting bird flocks and the risks of using antibiotics in subtherapeutic doses as feed additives. The present study intended to evaluate the potential use of 1,3-β-glucans (GLC) as antibiotic alternative growth promotors and assessed the effect of their dietary inclusion on the growth performance, carcass traits, chemical composition of breast muscles, economic efficiency, blood biochemical parameters, liver histopathology, antioxidant activity, and the proinflammatory response of broiler chickens. This study used 200 three-day-old ROSS broiler chickens (50 chicks/group, 10 chicks/replicate, with an average body weight of 98.71 ± 0.17 g/chick). They were assigned to four experimental groups with four dietary levels of GLC, namely 0, 50, 100, and 150 mg kg−1, for a 35-day feeding period. Birds fed diets containing GLC showed an identical different growth rate to the control group. However, the total feed intake (TFI) increased quadratically in the GLC50 and GLC100 groups as compared to that in the control group. GLC addition had no significant effect on the weights of internal and immune organs, except for a decrease in bursal weight in the GLC150 group (p = 0.01). Dietary GLC addition increased the feed cost and total cost at 50 and 100 mg kg−1 doses. The percentages of n-3 and n-6 PUFA in the breast muscle of broiler chickens fed GLC-supplemented diets increased linearly in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.01). The serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level and the uric acid level were quadratically increased in the GLC150 group. The serum levels of total antioxidant capacity, catalase, superoxide dismutase, interleukin-1β, and interferon-gamma linearly increased, while the MDA level decreased in the GLC-fed groups in a dose-dependent manner. Normal histological characterization of different liver structures in the different groups with moderate round cells was noted as a natural immune response around the hepatic portal area. The different experimental groups showed an average percentage of positive immunostaining to the proinflammatory marker transforming growth factor-beta with an increase in the dose of GLC addition. The results suggest that GLC up to 100 mg kg−1 concentration can be used as a feed additive in the diets of broiler chickens and shows no adverse effects on their growth, dressing percentage, and internal organs. GLC addition in diets improves the antioxidant activity and immune response in birds. GLC help enrich the breast muscle with n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids.
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16
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Tao Z, Yuan H, Liu M, Liu Q, Zhang S, Liu H, Jiang Y, Huang D, Wang T. Yeast Extract: Characteristics, Production, Applications and Future Perspectives. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 33:151-166. [PMID: 36474327 PMCID: PMC9998214 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2207.07057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Yeast extract is a product prepared mainly from waste brewer's yeast, which is rich in nucleotides, proteins, amino acids, sugars and a variety of trace elements, and has the advantages of low production cost and abundant supply of raw material. Consequently, yeast extracts are widely used in various fields as animal feed additives, food flavoring agents and additives, cosmetic supplements, and microbial fermentation media; however, their full potential has not yet been realized. To improve understanding of current research knowledge, this review summarizes the ingredients, production technology, and applications of yeast extracts, and discusses the relationship between their properties and applications. Developmental trends and future prospects of yeast extract are also previewed, with the aim of providing a theoretical basis for the development and expansion of future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zekun Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Haibo Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Meng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Siyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Hongling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Yi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Di Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Tengfei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, P.R. China
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17
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Luo Y, Li YC, Meng FB, Wang ZW, Liu DY, Chen WJ, Zou LH. Simultaneously enhanced stability and biological activities of chlorogenic acid by covalent grafting with soluble oat β-glucan. Food Chem X 2022; 17:100546. [PMID: 36845469 PMCID: PMC9943848 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlorogenic acid (CA) has a wide range of biological activities but the chemical structure is extremely unstable. In this study, CA was grafted onto a soluble oat β-glucan (OβGH) to improve the stability. Although the crystallinity and thermal stability of CA-OβGH conjugates reduced, the storage stability of CA significantly improved. The DPPH and ABTS scavenging ability of CA-OβGH IV (graft ratio 285.3 mg CA/g) were higher than 90 %, which is closed to activities of equivalent concentration of Vc (93.42 %) and CA (90.81 %). The antibacterial abilities of CA-OβGH conjugates are improved compared to the equivalent content of CA and potassium sorbate. Particularly, the inhibition rate of CA-OβGH for gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes) are significantly higher than that of gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli). The results demonstrated that covalent grafted CA with soluble polysaccharide is an effective strategy to enhance its stability and biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Luo
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, PR China
| | - Yun-Cheng Li
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, PR China,Shanghai Jiao Tong University Sichuan Research Institute, Chengdu 610218, PR China
| | - Fan-Bing Meng
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, PR China,Corresponding author.
| | - Zheng-Wu Wang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Sichuan Research Institute, Chengdu 610218, PR China
| | - Da-Yu Liu
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, PR China
| | - Wei-Jun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610106, PR China
| | - Long-Hua Zou
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, PR China
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18
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Yang W, Huang G. Preparation and properties of purple sweet potato polysaccharide. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01718-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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19
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Prompting immunostimulatory activity of curdlan with grafting methoxypolyethylene glycol. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:1092-1100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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20
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Evaluation of potentially probiotic yeasts and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum in co-culture for the elaboration of a functional plant-based fermented beverage. Food Res Int 2022; 160:111697. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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21
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Lin B, Huang G. An important polysaccharide from fermentum. Food Chem X 2022; 15:100388. [PMID: 36211774 PMCID: PMC9532711 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Extraction, structure and modification of polysaccharides from fermentum were summarized. Structure-activity relationship and application of polysaccharides from fermentum were reviewed. It provided a strong basis for the development and application of polysaccharides from fermentum.
Fermentum is a common unicellular fungus with many biological activities attributed to β-polysaccharides. Different in vivo and in vivo experimental studies have long proven that fermentum β-polysaccharides have antioxidant, anti-tumor, and fungal toxin adsorption properties. However, there are many uncertainties regarding the relationship between the structure and biological activity of fermentum β-polysaccharides, and a systematic summary of fermentum β-polysaccharides is still lacking. Herein, we reviewed the research progress about the extraction, structure and modification, structure–activity relationship, activity and application of fermentum β-polysaccharides, compared the extraction methods of fermentum β-polysaccharide, and paid special attention to the structure–activity relationship and application of fermentum β-polysaccharide, which provided a strong basis for the development and application of fermentum β-polysaccharide.
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22
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Xue H, Wang W, Bian J, Gao Y, Hao Z, Tan J. Recent advances in medicinal and edible homologous polysaccharides: Extraction, purification, structure, modification, and biological activities. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:1110-1126. [PMID: 36181889 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
110 kinds of traditional Chinese medicines can be used for medicine and food from Chinese pharmacopoeia in 2021. With the deepening of research in recent years, medicinal and edible homologous (MEH) traditional Chinese medicines have great development and application prospects in many fields. Polysaccharides are one of the major and representative pharmacologically active macromolecules in traditional Chinese medicines with MEH. Moreover, traditional Chinese medicines with MEH have become the main source of natural polysaccharides with safety, high efficiency, and low side effects. Increasing researches have confirmed that MEH polysaccharides (MEHPs) have multiple biological activities both in vitro and in vivo methods, such as antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-tumor, anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic activities, and regulating intestinal flora. Additionally, different raw materials, extraction, purification, and chemical modification methods result in differences in the structure and biological activities of MEHPs. The purpose of the present review is to provide comprehensively and systematically reorganized information in the extraction, purification, structure, modification, biological activities, and potential mechanism of MEHPs to support their therapeutic effects and health functions. New valuable insights and theoretical basis for the future researches and developments regarding MEHPs were proposed in the fields of medicine and food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongkun Xue
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Wenli Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Jiayue Bian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yuchao Gao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Zitong Hao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Jiaqi Tan
- Medical Comprehensive Experimental Center, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China.
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23
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Qiu M, Li B, Geng D, Xiang Q, Xin Y, Ding Q, Tang S. Aminated β-Glucan with immunostimulating activities and collagen composite sponge for wound repair. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 221:193-203. [PMID: 36063897 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Immunostimulating activities of yeast β(1 → 3)-D-Glucan (β-Glucan) mainly depended on its structures. However, due to the tight triple helix structure of β-Glucan, its immunostimulating activity is greatly weakened. Therefore, in order to partially unwind the tight triple helix structure of β-glucan and improve its solubility in the medium, we modified it by amination in this study (A-Glu). The results showed that A-Glu could stimulate Raw264.7 macrophages and significantly enhance its TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 cytokine expression levels in vitro. A-Glu could also induce a shift of M0 Raw264.7 toward M1, and M2 toward M1. To expand the application of A-Glu in wound repair, the composite sponge consisting of A-Glu and type I collagen via the formation of a stable polyion complex (PIC) was developed. Moreover, the composite sponge could accelerate wound repair significantly. These results reveal that soluble A-Glu as an immunostimulating agent has potential applications in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minqi Qiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Dezhi Geng
- Biopharmaceutical R&D Center, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qi Xiang
- Biopharmaceutical R&D Center, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yanjiao Xin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qiang Ding
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Shunqing Tang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Wang N, Kong Y, Li J, Hu Y, Li X, Jiang S, Dong C. Synthesis and application of phosphorylated saccharides in researching carbohydrate-based drugs. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 68:116806. [PMID: 35696797 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorylated saccharides are valuable targets in glycochemistry and glycobiology, which play an important role in various physiological and pathological processes. The current research on phosphorylated saccharides primarily focuses on small molecule inhibitors, glycoconjugate vaccines and novel anti-tumour targeted drug carrier materials. It can maximise the pharmacological effects and reduce the toxicity risk caused by nonspecific off-target reactions of drug molecules. However, the number and types of natural phosphorylated saccharides are limited, and the complexity and heterogeneity of their structures after extraction and separation seriously restrict their applications in pharmaceutical development. The increasing demands for the research on these molecules have extensively promoted the development of carbohydrate synthesis. Numerous innovative synthetic methodologies have been reported regarding the continuous expansion of the potential building blocks, catalysts, and phosphorylation reagents. This review summarizes the latest methods for enzymatic and chemical synthesis of phosphorylated saccharides, emphasizing their breakthroughs in yield, reactivity, regioselectivity, and application scope. Additionally, the anti-bacterial, anti-tumour, immunoregulatory and other biological activities of some phosphorylated saccharides and their applications were also reviewed. Their structure-activity relationship and mechanism of action were discussed and the key phosphorylation characteristics, sites and extents responsible for observed biological activities were emphasised. This paper will provide a reference for the application of phosphorylated saccharide in the research of carbohydrate-based drugs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Henan Polysaccharide Research Center, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Polysaccharides and Drugs Research, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
| | - Yuanfang Kong
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Henan Polysaccharide Research Center, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Polysaccharides and Drugs Research, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
| | - Jieming Li
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Henan Polysaccharide Research Center, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Polysaccharides and Drugs Research, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
| | - Yulong Hu
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Henan Polysaccharide Research Center, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Polysaccharides and Drugs Research, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
| | - Xiaofei Li
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Henan Polysaccharide Research Center, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Polysaccharides and Drugs Research, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
| | - Shiqing Jiang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Henan Polysaccharide Research Center, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Polysaccharides and Drugs Research, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
| | - Chunhong Dong
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Henan Polysaccharide Research Center, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Polysaccharides and Drugs Research, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China.
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Xu Y, Lv Y, Yin Y, Zhao H, Yi S, Li X, Li J. Impacts of yeast β‐glucan on thermal aggregation and flavour adsorption capacity of Spanish mackerel myosin. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongxia Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering Bohai University, National R&D Branch Center of Surimi and Surimi Products Processing Jinzhou 121013 China
| | - Yanan Lv
- College of Food Science and Engineering Bohai University, National R&D Branch Center of Surimi and Surimi Products Processing Jinzhou 121013 China
| | - Yiming Yin
- College of Food Science and Engineering Bohai University, National R&D Branch Center of Surimi and Surimi Products Processing Jinzhou 121013 China
| | - Honglei Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering Bohai University, National R&D Branch Center of Surimi and Surimi Products Processing Jinzhou 121013 China
| | - Shumin Yi
- College of Food Science and Engineering Bohai University, National R&D Branch Center of Surimi and Surimi Products Processing Jinzhou 121013 China
| | - Xuepeng Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering Bohai University, National R&D Branch Center of Surimi and Surimi Products Processing Jinzhou 121013 China
| | - Jianrong Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering Bohai University, National R&D Branch Center of Surimi and Surimi Products Processing Jinzhou 121013 China
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26
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Tang Z, Huang G. Extraction, structure, and activity of polysaccharide from Radix astragali. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 150:113015. [PMID: 35468585 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Radix astragali polysaccharide (RAP) is a water-soluble heteropolysaccharide. It is an immune promoter and regulator, and has antivirus, antitumor, anti-aging, anti-radiation, anti-stress, anti-oxidation and other activitys. The extraction, separation, purification, structure, activity and modification of RAP were summarized. Some extraction methods of RAP had been introduced, and the separation and purification methods of RAP were reviewed, and the structure and activity of RAP were highly discussed. Current derivatization of RAP was outlined. Through the above discussion that the yield of crude polysaccharides from Radix astragali by enzyme-assisted extraction was significantly higher than that by other extraction methods, but each extraction method had different extraction effects under certain conditions, and the activity efficiency of RAP was also different. Therefore, it is particularly important to optimize the extraction method with known better yield for the study of RAP. In addition, the purification and separation of RAP are the key factors affecting the yield and activity of RAP. At the same time, there are still few studies on the derivatiration of Radix astragali polysaccharide, but the researches in this area are very important. RAP also has many important pharmacological effects on human body, but its practical application needs further study. Finally, studies on the structure-activity relationship of RAP still need to be carried out by many scholars. This review would provide some help for further researches on various important applications of RAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjie Tang
- Laboratory of Carbohydrate Science and Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Gangliang Huang
- Laboratory of Carbohydrate Science and Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.
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Nutrient Deprivation Coupled with High Light Exposure for Bioactive Chrysolaminarin Production in the Marine Microalga Isochrysis zhangjiangensis. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20060351. [PMID: 35736154 PMCID: PMC9225646 DOI: 10.3390/md20060351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chrysolaminarin, a kind of water-soluble bioactive β-glucan produced by certain microalgae, is a potential candidate for food/pharmaceutical applications. This study identified a marine microalga Isochrysis zhangjiangensis, in which chrysolaminarin production was investigated via nutrient (nitrogen, phosphorus, or sulfur) deprivations (-N, -P, or -S conditions) along with an increase in light intensity. A characterization of the antioxidant activities of the chrysolaminarin produced under each condition was also conducted. The results showed that nutrient deprivation caused a significant increase in chrysolaminarin accumulation, though this was accompanied by diminished biomass production and photosynthetic activity. -S was the best strategy to induce chrysolaminarin accumulation. An increase in light intensity from 80 (LL) to 150 (HL) µE·m−2·s−1 further enhanced chrysolaminarin production. Compared with -N, -S caused more suitable stress and reduced carbon allocation toward neutral lipid production, which enabled a higher chrysolaminarin accumulation capacity. The highest chrysolaminarin content and concentration reached 41.7% of dry weight (%DW) and 632.2 mg/L, respectively, under HL-S, with a corresponding productivity of 155.1 mg/L/day achieved, which exceeds most of the photoautotrophic microalgae previously reported. The chrysolaminarin produced under HL-N (Iz-N) had a relatively competitive hydroxyl radical scavenging activity at low concentrations, while the chrysolaminarin produced under HL-S (Iz-S) exhibited an overall better activity, comparable to the commercial yeast β-glucan, demonstrating I. zhangjiangensis as a promising bioactive chrysolaminarin producer from CO2.
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Polysaccharides from Medicine and Food Homology Materials: A Review on Their Extraction, Purification, Structure, and Biological Activities. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27103215. [PMID: 35630690 PMCID: PMC9147777 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Medicine and food homology (MFH) materials are rich in polysaccharides, proteins, fats, vitamins, and other components. Hence, they have good medical and nutritional values. Polysaccharides are identified as one of the pivotal bioactive constituents of MFH materials. Accumulating evidence has revealed that MFH polysaccharides (MFHPs) have a variety of biological activities, such as antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-tumor, hepatoprotective, anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, and radioprotective activities. Consequently, the research progress and future prospects of MFHPs must be systematically reviewed to promote their better understanding. This paper reviewed the extraction and purification methods, structure, biological activities, and potential molecular mechanisms of MFHPs. This review may provide some valuable insights for further research regarding MFHPs.
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Zhang M, Liu H, Wang Q. Characterization of β-Glucan-Peanut Protein Isolate/Soy Protein Isolate Conjugates and Their Application on Low-Fat Sausage. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27093037. [PMID: 35566387 PMCID: PMC9099641 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27093037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharide-protein conjugates can improve the functional properties and expand the application field. The emulsifying, thermal properties of WSG-PPI conjugates and WSG-SPI conjugates were improved, compared to WSG, PPI and SPI. The Maillard reaction was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Circular dichroism (CD) exhibited that the structure of the conjugates was more expanded. Cryo-SEM and AFM demonstrated that the WSG, WSG-PPI and WSG-SPI conjugates had a morphology of a chain. When the conjugates were added as fat substitutes to low-fat sausage, the cooking yield, hardness and chewiness increased. The objective of this research was to study the emulsifying property, thermal property and structural changes of β-glucan-peanut protein isolate (WSG-PPI) conjugates and β-glucan-soy protein isolate (WSG-SPI) conjugates prepared through wet-heated Maillard reaction, and their effect on the texture of low-fat sausage.
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Bastos R, Oliveira PG, Gaspar VM, Mano JF, Coimbra MA, Coelho E. Brewer's yeast polysaccharides - A review of their exquisite structural features and biomedical applications. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 277:118826. [PMID: 34893243 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances on brewer's yeast cell wall polysaccharides have unraveled exquisite structural features and diverse composition with (β1→3), (β1→6), (α1→4), (β1→4)-mix-linked glucans that are recognized to interact with different cell receptors and trigger specific biological responses. Herein, a comprehensive showcase of structure-biofunctional relationships between yeast polysaccharides and their biological targets is highlighted, with a focus on polysaccharide features that govern the biomedical activity. The insolubility of β-glucans is a crucial factor for binding and activation of Dectin-1 receptor, operating as adjuvants of immune responses. Contrarily, soluble low molecular weight β-glucans have a strong inhibition of reactive oxygen species production, acting as antagonists of Dectin-1 mediated signaling. Soluble glucan-protein moieties can also act as antitumoral agents. The balance between mannoproteins-TLR2 and β-glucans-Dectin-1 receptors-activation is crucial for osteogenesis. Biomedical applications value can also be obtained from yeast microcapsules as oral delivery systems, where highly branched (β1→6)-glucans lead to higher receptor affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Bastos
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Patrícia G Oliveira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Vítor M Gaspar
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João F Mano
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Manuel A Coimbra
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Coelho
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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31
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Reyes-Becerril M, Angulo M, Sanchez V, Machuca C, Méndez-Martínez Y, Angulo C. β-Glucan bioactivities from Cystobasidium benthicum in Totoaba macdonaldi thymus cells. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 119:542-553. [PMID: 34737133 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The overuse of antibiotics in aquaculture has led to serious concerns on microbial resistance and chemical residues. Novel sources of immunostimulants could help to solve this problem by stimulating the immune system to fight against pathogens. Therefore, this study aims to explore the immunostimulant potential of Cystobacidium benthicum-β-glucans (Cb-βG) using thymus cells from Totoaba (Totoaba macdonaldi), a recently farmed fish species in Mexico. The Cb-βG was characterized and tested for its own antioxidant capacity. Then, a Cb-βG safety experiment was carried out in thymus cells by evaluating the effects on immune parameters and immune-related genes. Cb-βG had a molecular weight of 2.32 kDa, comprised of β-1,3-1,6-glucan (53.4%), and showed strong antioxidant capacity compared to that of the positive antioxidant control. Cb-βG had no toxic effects of thymus cells and enhanced phagocytic, respiratory burst, myeloperoxidase and superoxide activities. Additionally, immune-related genes implicated in recognition and effector functions of yeast glucans were up-regulated (Toll like receptor 2, C-type lectin family 17 member A, colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor 2, macrophage mannose receptor 1, and Interleukin-1β). In conclusion, the glucan -characterized physically-chemically from the yeast C. benthicum (Cb-βG)- was safe, had strong antioxidant capacity to scavenge free radicals, and stimulated immune parameters and immune-related gene expressions on thymus cells from Totoaba macdonaldi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Reyes-Becerril
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S. 23096, Mexico
| | - Miriam Angulo
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S. 23096, Mexico
| | - Veronica Sanchez
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S. 23096, Mexico
| | - Cristian Machuca
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S. 23096, Mexico
| | | | - Carlos Angulo
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S. 23096, Mexico.
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32
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Li J, Huang G. Extraction, purification, separation, structure, derivatization and activities of polysaccharide from Chinese date. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Zhou S, Huang G. Preparation, structure and activity of polysaccharide phosphate esters. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112332. [PMID: 34673422 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides have anti-virus, anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, immune regulation, hypoglycemia and other biological activities. Because of their safety, fewer side effects and other advantages, polysaccharides are considered as ideal raw materials in food and drugs. The biological activity of polysaccharides can be improved by structural modification (such as sulfation, carboxymethylation, phosphorylation, etc.), and even new biological activity can be generated. In this review, the recent advances in the phosphorylation of polysaccharides were reviewed from the perspectives of modification methods, structures, biological activities and structure-activity relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Science and Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Gangliang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Science and Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.
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34
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Yang W, Zhang Y, Tang A, Ruan Q, Huang G. Preparation and antioxidant activity of phosphorylated polysaccharide from purple sweet potato. Chem Biol Drug Des 2021; 98:828-834. [PMID: 34411427 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Purple sweet potato polysaccharide was extracted via hot water, and it was chemically modified by phosphorus oxychloride-pyridine to obtain phosphorylated polysaccharide from purple sweet potato (P-PPSP) with certain degrees of substitution. Furthermore, the structure and antioxidant activity in vitro of PPSP and phosphorylated derivative were compared. The result indicated that the phosphorylation modification product of polysaccharide from purple sweet potato could improve the scavenging effect on hydroxyl radical and superoxide anion of PPSP, significantly. It also could improve the anti-lipid peroxidation ability while fail to improve the reducing ability of PPSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Science and Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanqiong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Science and Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Science and Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingqing Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Science and Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gangliang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Science and Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
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35
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Chen M, Ji T, Hong J, Zheng C. Functionalization of sodium carboxymethylated yeast β‐glucan by epigallocatechin gallate: Antioxidant activity and color stability. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202000550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education Jiangnan University Wuxi China
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Tianchen Ji
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education Jiangnan University Wuxi China
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Jianquan Hong
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education Jiangnan University Wuxi China
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Changge Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education Jiangnan University Wuxi China
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi China
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36
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Chen G, Chen D, Zhou W, Peng Y, Chen C, Shen W, Zeng X, Yuan Q. Improvement of Metabolic Syndrome in High-Fat Diet-Induced Mice by Yeast β-Glucan Is Linked to Inhibited Proliferation of Lactobacillus and Lactococcus in Gut Microbiota. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:7581-7592. [PMID: 34197112 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that prevention of metabolic syndrome (MS) by dietary fibers is intricately linked to gut microbiota. In the present work, the mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and orally treated with yeast β-glucan to further examine the effects of β-glucan on MS and gut microbiota and the potential relationship between gut microbiota and its activity. After intervention for 10 weeks, it was found that the treatment of yeast β-glucan could significantly improve the HFD-induced MS. Furthermore, pro-inflammatory cytokines in plasma including IL-6 and IL-1β were decreased. Yeast β-glucan could regulate the diversity and composition of HFD-induced gut microbiota. Moreover, the relative abundances of Lactobacillus and Lactococcus, having significant positive correlation with metabolic changes, were decreased by β-glucan, which might play a critical role in attenuation of MS. Our findings suggest that yeast β-glucan shows promising application as a prebiotic for preventing MS and regulating gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guijie Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dan Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wangting Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yujia Peng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunxu Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenbiao Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoxiong Zeng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingxia Yuan
- Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, Guangxi, China
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37
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Huang S, Huang G. Extraction, structural analysis, and activities of rice bran polysaccharide. Chem Biol Drug Des 2021; 98:631-638. [PMID: 34181808 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The rice bran polysaccharide was extracted from defatted rice bran, and the optimal conditions of the experiment were determined. The chemical structure of rice bran polysaccharide was analyzed by IR and 13 C NMR. Three rice bran polysaccharide derivatives were prepared and characterized, namely carboxymethylated rice bran polysaccharide, phosphorylated rice bran polysaccharide, and acetylated rice bran polysaccharide. It showed that the phosphorylated rice bran polysaccharide had good activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Huang
- Active Carbohydrate Research Institute, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis and Application, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gangliang Huang
- Active Carbohydrate Research Institute, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis and Application, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
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38
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39
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Qin Y, Xie J, Xue B, Li X, Gan J, Zhu T, Sun T. Effect of acid and oxidative degradation on the structural, rheological, and physiological properties of oat β-glucan. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.106284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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40
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41
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Liu M, Zhang W, Yao J, Niu J. Production, purification, characterization, and biological properties of Rhodosporidium paludigenum polysaccharide. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246148. [PMID: 33513164 PMCID: PMC7845956 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The yield of marine red yeast polysaccharide (MRYP) obtained from Rhodosporidium paludigenum was increased by optimizing fermentation conditions, and the pure polysaccharide was extracted by column chromatography. The molecular weight of pure MRYP and the ratio of mannose to glucose in components of MRYP were determined. Antioxidant and antibacterial abilities of MRYP were investigated in vitro and in vivo. The optimal fermentation parameters were as follows: Medium 4, pH = 6.72, temperature = 30.18°C, blades speed = 461.36 r/min; the optimized yield reached 4323.90 mg/L, which was 1.31 times the original yield. The sequence of factors that affected the MRYP yield was the blades speed>pH>temperature. The main components of MRYP were MYH-1 and MYH-2. The molecular weights of MYH-1 and MYH-2 were 246.92 kDa and 21.88 kDa, respectively; they accounted for 53.60% and 28.75% of total polysaccharide. In MYH-1 and MYH-2, the proportion of glucose and mannose accounted for 46.94%, 38.46%, and 67.10%, 7.17%, respectively. In vitro, the ability of scavenging DPPH•, •OH, and •O2− radical was 32.26%, 24.34%, and 22.09%; the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of MRYP was 480 μg/mg. In vivo, MRYP improved the lambs’ body weight, antioxidant enzyme activity, and the number of probiotics, but it reduced the feed/gain (F/G) ratio and the number of pathogenic bacteria in 60-days-old lambs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjian Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - WenJu Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Jun Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Junli Niu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
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42
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Structure, preparation, modification, and bioactivities of β-glucan and mannan from yeast cell wall: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 173:445-456. [PMID: 33497691 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In order to solve the antibiotic resistance, the research on antibiotic substitutes has received an extensive attention. Many studies have shown that β-glucan and mannan from yeast cell wall have the potential to replace antibiotics for the prevention and treatment of animal diseases, thereby reducing the development and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens. β-Glucan and mannan had a variety of biological functions, including improving the intestinal environment, stimulating innate and acquired immunity, adsorbing mycotoxins, enhancing antioxidant capacity, and so on. The biological activities of β-glucan and mannan can be improved by chemically modifying its primary structure or reducing molecular weight. In this paper, the structure, preparation, modification, and biological activities of β-glucan and mannan were reviewed, which provided future perspectives of β-glucan and mannan.
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43
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Chen F, Huang S, Huang G. Preparation, activity, and antioxidant mechanism of rice bran polysaccharide. Food Funct 2021; 12:834-839. [DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02498h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Preparation, activity, and mechanism of rice bran polysaccharide were investigated and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Chen
- Active Carbohydrate Research Institute
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chongqing Normal University
- Chongqing 401331
| | - Shiyu Huang
- Active Carbohydrate Research Institute
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chongqing Normal University
- Chongqing 401331
| | - Gangliang Huang
- Active Carbohydrate Research Institute
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chongqing Normal University
- Chongqing 401331
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44
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Huang G, Huang S. The structure–activity relationships of natural glucans. Phytother Res 2020; 35:2890-2901. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gangliang Huang
- Active Carbohydrate Research Institute, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis and Application, College of Chemistry Chongqing Normal University Chongqing China
| | - Shiyu Huang
- Active Carbohydrate Research Institute, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis and Application, College of Chemistry Chongqing Normal University Chongqing China
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45
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Autochthonous Yeast from Pork and Game Meat Fermented Sausages for Application in Meat Protection and Aroma Developing. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10122340. [PMID: 33316989 PMCID: PMC7764235 DOI: 10.3390/ani10122340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Yeasts are microorganisms presented naturally in meat products microbiota, which carry out an essential role in the maturation process of fermented sausages. The maturation of this type of product could be better controlled by the addition of a starter culture or a mix of strains that could standardize the process in diverse factories. Moreover, it would be favorable to find cultures that, not only conduct the curing process, but also present an added value such as the meat product protection (antioxidant capability and biocontrol activity). Yeasts also have an important role in the meat product aroma development. Therefore, it would be interesting to select a pleasant-aroma forming strain in order to elaborate a future starter culture for fermented sausage maturation. Abstract The wild yeast community was studied in fermented sausages from pork and game meat (deer and wild boar) during the maturation process from different curing rooms. Although the biotechnological importance of yeasts in the maturation process of pork sausages is known, there is a lack of information for sausage maturation involving game meat. A total of 123 yeasts were isolated and, by amplifying and sequencing of the ITS region, were classified in 14 species. Debaryomyces hansenii, Kazachstania servazzii, and Wickerhamomyces anomalus were isolated in both pork and game samples. The PCR-RAPD technique differentiated between 26 and 18 strains from pork and game meat sausages, respectively. The physicochemical parameters and their relationship with the yeast community were also studied. The antioxidant and anti-lipid peroxidation capability were analyzed and the 70% and 50% of the tested strains showed these abilities, respectively. Moreover, the biocontrol capability against mycotoxigenic molds was found in 19 strains, but better results were observed in game meat yeasts. On the other hand, almost 30% of strains produce a pleasant olfactory aroma, and volatile compounds associated with the yeast pathway metabolic during the maturation process have been characterized such as esters, aldehydes, fusel alcohols, etc. This study has allowed a better understanding of the biodiversity of this type of food, as well as selecting potential yeast strains for their future use as starters.
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46
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Tai L, Huang S, Zhao Z, Huang G. Chemical composition analysis and antioxidant activity of black rice pigment. Chem Biol Drug Des 2020; 97:711-720. [PMID: 33179435 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this research was conducted to determine anthocyanin constituent from the grains of Purple black rice No. 6. Moreover, the in vitro antioxidant activity of black rice pigment (BRP) was evaluated. The crude extract of black rice was isolated and purified by silica gel thin layer chromatography. Anthocyanins were elucidated using ultraviolet visible spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and high-performance liquid chromatography. Meanwhile, salicylic acid Fenton system, superoxide radical system, H2 O2 scavenging system, DPPH-free radical scavenging system, and Prussian blue method were used to determine the free radical scavenging ability and total reducing ability of BRP. Overall results suggest that the main component of BRP is cyanidin-3-glucoside, which is a kind of anthocyanins. It also had significant scavenging capacity to OH, O2 - , H2 O2 , DPPH, and its scavenging rate and reducing ability increased with the increase in pigment concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyu Tai
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Specialty Crop Resource, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiyu Huang
- Active Carbohydrate Research Institute, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengwu Zhao
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Specialty Crop Resource, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gangliang Huang
- Active Carbohydrate Research Institute, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
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47
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Mu S, Yang W, Huang G. Antioxidant activities and mechanisms of polysaccharides. Chem Biol Drug Des 2020; 97:628-632. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Si Mu
- Active Carbohydrate Research Institute Chongqing Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis and Application College of Chemistry Chongqing Normal University Chongqing China
| | - Wenjian Yang
- Active Carbohydrate Research Institute Chongqing Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis and Application College of Chemistry Chongqing Normal University Chongqing China
| | - Gangliang Huang
- Active Carbohydrate Research Institute Chongqing Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis and Application College of Chemistry Chongqing Normal University Chongqing China
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48
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Zhen W, Shao Y, Wu Y, Li L, Pham VH, Abbas W, Wan Z, Guo Y, Wang Z. Dietary yeast β-glucan supplementation improves eggshell color and fertile eggs hatchability as well as enhances immune functions in breeder laying hens. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 159:607-621. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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49
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Hosseini M, Sharifan A. Biological Properties of Yeast-based Mannoprotein for Prospective Biomedical Applications. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2020; 24:831-840. [PMID: 32819224 DOI: 10.2174/1386207323999200818162030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural products constitute more than half of all biomolecules lately being used in clinical settings. Mannoprotein derived from the yeast cell wall has found full biotechnological applications. OBJECTIVE This study was intended to investigate the antioxidant, anticancer, and toxicological properties of Kluyveromyces marxianus mannoprotein (KM). METHODS The KM extract was obtained through a sequence of operations, including centrifugation for cell isolation, precipitation with potassium citrate/sodium metabisulfite, and recovery and purification. Its antioxidant, growth inhibition, macrophage mitogenic, and toxic activities were evaluated for its future use in the biomedical field. RESULTS Significant inhibitory effects of KM were obtained on reactive species. It showed antiproliferative activity against HeLa (human cervical adenocarcinoma) and MCF-7 (human breast cancer) cell lines with no toxic effects on HUVECs (human umbilical vein endothelial cells). The in vitro model of CHO-K1 (Chinese hamster ovary) cell lines did not show the cytotoxic and genotoxic of KM. Moreover, it enhanced macrophage activity in terms of nitric oxide (NO) production and viability. No sign of acute toxicity was found in BALB/c mice, and body weight remained unchanged in guinea pigs over three months. CONCLUSION Comprehensive biological evaluations in this study are expected to expand the potential of KM as a natural material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motaharesadat Hosseini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Currently at Diagnostic and Therapeutic Industrial Group, Khayyam Innovation Ecosystem, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Anoosheh Sharifan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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50
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Modification and application of polysaccharide from traditional Chinese medicine such as Dendrobium officinale. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 157:385-393. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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