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Yang Q, Chang SL, Tian YM, Li W, Ren JL. Glucan polysaccharides isolated from Lactarius hatsudake Tanaka mushroom: Structural characterization and in vitro bioactivities. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 337:122171. [PMID: 38710561 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Commercially available mushroom polysaccharides have found widespread use as adjuvant tumor treatments. However, the bioactivity of polysaccharides in Lactarius hatsudake Tanaka (L. hatsudake), a mushroom with both edible and medicinal uses, remains relatively unexplored. To address this gap, five L. hatsudake polysaccharides with varying molecular weights were isolated, named LHP-1 (898 kDa), LHP-2 (677 kDa), LHP-3 (385 kDa), LHP-4 (20 kDa), and LHP-5 (4.9 kDa). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, and atomic force microscopy, etc., were employed to determine their structural characteristics. The results confirmed that spherical aggregates with amorphous flexible fiber chains dominated the conformation of the LHP. LHP-1 and LHP-2 were identified as glucans with α-(1,4)-Glcp as the main chain; LHP-3 and LHP-4 were classified as galactans with varying molecular weights but with α-(1,6)-Galp as the main chain; LHP-5 was a glucan with β-(1,3)-Glcp as the main chain and β-(1,6)-Glcp connecting to the side chains. Significant differences were observed in inhibiting tumor cell cytotoxicity and the antioxidant activity of the LHPs, with LHP-5 and LHP-4 identified as the principal bioactive components. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for the valuable use of L. hatsudake and emphasize the potential application of LHPs in therapeutic tumor treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Sources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, PR China
| | - Song-Lin Chang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Sources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, PR China
| | - Yi-Ming Tian
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Sources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, PR China
| | - Wang Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Sources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, PR China
| | - Jia-Li Ren
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Sources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, PR China.
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Ma H, Mueed A, Liu D, Ali A, Wang T, Ibrahim M, Su L, Wang Q. Polysaccharides of Floccularia luteovirens regulate intestinal immune response, and oxidative stress activity through MAPK/Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway in immunosuppressive mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134140. [PMID: 39074695 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
This study explores the novel immunomodulatory effects of polysaccharides from the rare Floccularia luteovirens, a fungus with significant potential yet unexplored bioactive components, traditionally used in Tibetan medicine. This study employs a wide array of analytical techniques, including HPGPC, HPLC, western blotting, ELISA, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, to comprehensively investigate FLP1's effects. The main structure of FLP1 was characterized by IF-TR and NMR spectrometry. The structural backbone of FLP1 was →3,6)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → and →2,3)-α-D-Manp-(1→. After immunosuppressed mice treated with FLP1, the findings demonstrated that FLP1 stimulated the production of secretory sIgA and secretion of cytokines (IL-4, TNF-α, and IFN-γ) in the intestine of Cy-treated mice, resulting in the activation of the MAPK pathway. Additionally, FLP1 protected oxidative stress by triggering Nrf2/Keap1 pathways and antioxidation enzymes (SOD, MDA, T-AOC, CAT, and GSH-Px). It also enhanced the intestinal barrier function by regulating the villous height ratio and expression of tight-junction protein. Furthermore, FLP1 remarkably reversed the gut microbiota dysbiosis in immunosuppressed mice by increasing the abundance of Oscilliospiraceae, and Lachnospiraceae, and altered the fecal metabolites by increasing LysoPE (0:0/18:0); 0:0/16:0; 18:1(11Z)/0:0, LysoPG (16:0/0:0), LysoPG 18:1 (2n) PE (14:0/20:1), echinenone, 2-(2-Nitroimidazol-1-yl)-N-(2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl) acetamide, and suberic acid which is closely related to the immunity function. These results suggested that FLP1 may regulate the intestinal immune response by modulating the gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in immunosuppressed mice thereby activating the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Ma
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Abdul Mueed
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Daiyao Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Akhtar Ali
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Tianci Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Muhammad Ibrahim
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Ling Su
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130012, China.
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Wang J, Bi H, Zhou X, Yang B, Wen L. Enhancing functionality and bioactivity of walnut protein through limited enzyme digestion. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024. [PMID: 38899487 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Walnut protein (WP) is recognized as a valuable plant protein. However, the poor solubility and functional properties limit its application in the food industry. It is a great requirement to improve the physicochemical properties of WP. RESULTS Following a 90 min restricted enzymatic hydrolysis period, the solubility of WP significantly increased from 3.24% to 54.54%, with the majority of WP hydrolysates (WPHs) possessing a molecular weight exceeding 50 kDa. Circular dichroism spectra showed that post-hydrolysis, the structure of the protein became more flexible, while the hydrolysis time did not significantly alter the protein's secondary structure. After hydrolysis, WP's surface hydrophobicity significantly increased from 2279 to 6100. Furthermore, WPHs exhibited a strong capacity for icariin loading and micelle formation with critical micelle concentration values of 0.71, 0.99 and 1.09 mg mL-1, respectively. Moreover, similar immuno-enhancement activities were observed in WPHs. After exposure to WPHs, the pinocytosis of RAW264.7 macrophages was significantly improved. WPH treatment also increased the production of nitric oxide, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in macrophages. Up-regulation of mRNA expressions of IL-6, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and TNF-α was observed in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION The enhancement of functionality and bioactivity in WP can be achieved through the application of limited enzyme digestion with trypsin. This process effectively augments the nutritional value and utility of the protein, making it a valuable component in various dietary applications. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinping Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Key State Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huimin Bi
- Guangzhou College of Technology and Business, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuesong Zhou
- Guangzhou Honsea Industry Co. Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bao Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Key State Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lingrong Wen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Key State Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Song M, Wang J, Bao K, Sun C, Cheng X, Li T, Wang S, Wang S, Wen T, Zhu Z. Isolation, structural characterization and immunomodulatory activity on RAW264.7 cells of a novel exopolysaccharide of Dictyophora rubrovalvata. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132222. [PMID: 38729468 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Fungal polysaccharides have been explored by many for both structural studies and biological activities, but few studies have been done on the extracellular polysaccharides of Dictyophora rubrovalvata, so a new exopolysaccharide was isolated from Dictyophora rubrovalvata and its structure and its immunological activity were investigated. The crude exopolysaccharide (EPS) was purified by DEAE52 cellulose and Sephadex G-200 to obtain a new acidic polysaccharide (DR-EPS). DR-EPS (2.66 × 103 kDa) was consisted mainly of mannose, glucose, galactose and glucuronic acid with a molar ratio of 1: 0.86: 0.20: 0.01. In addition, DR-EPS increased the phagocytic activity of RAW264.7 cells up to 2.67 times of the blank control group. DR-EPS improved intracellular nucleic acid and glycogen metabolism as observed by AO and PAS staining. DR-EPS(40 μg/mL) promoted NO production up to 30.66 μmol, enhanced acid phosphatase (ACP) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, with activity maxima of 660 U/gprot and 96.27 U/mgprot, respectively, and DR-EPS (160 μg / mL) significantly increased the lysozyme content as 2.73 times of the control group. The good immunological activity of extracellular polysaccharides of Dictyophora rubrovalvata provides directions for the use of fermentation broths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Jiawen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Kaisheng Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Chong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Xiaolei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Tengda Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Siqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Tingchi Wen
- Guizhou Panzheng Agriculture Ltd., PR China; National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, PR China; The Engineering Research Center of Southwest Bio-Pharmaceutical Resources, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, PR China
| | - Zhenyuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Guizhou Panzheng Agriculture Ltd., PR China.
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Yang HB, Song JY, Xu C, Li J, Zhang C, Xie S, Teng CL. Interventional effects of Pueraria oral liquid on T2DM rats and metabolomics analysis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116780. [PMID: 38781864 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Pueraria lobata, commonly known as kudzu, is a medicinal and food plant widely used in the food, health food, and pharmaceutical industries. It has clinical pharmacological effects, including hypoglycemic, antiinflammatory, and antioxidant effects. However, its mechanism of hypoglycemic effect on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we prepared a Pueraria lobata oral liquid (POL) and conducted a comparative study in a T2DM rat model to evaluate the hypoglycemic effect of different doses of Pueraria lobata oral liquid. Our objective was to investigate the hypoglycemic effect of Puerarin on T2DM rats and understand its mechanism from the perspective of metabolomics. In this study, we assessed the hypoglycemic effect of POL through measurements of FBG, fasting glucose tolerance test, plasma lipids, and liver injury levels. Furthermore, we examined the mechanism of action of POL using hepatic metabolomics. The study's findings demonstrated that POL intervention led to improvements in weight loss, blood glucose, insulin, and lipid levels in T2DM rats, while also providing a protective effect on the liver. Finally, POL significantly affected the types and amounts of hepatic metabolites enriched in metabolic pathways, providing an important basis for revealing the molecular mechanism of Pueraria lobata intervention in T2DM rats. These findings indicate that POL may regulate insulin levels, reduce liver damage, and improve metabolic uptake in the liver. This provides direction for new applications and research on Pueraria lobata to prevent or improve T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bo Yang
- School of Public Health, the key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China; Guizhou Academy of Testing and Analysis, Guiyang 550014, China.
| | - Jie-Yu Song
- School of Public Health, the key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China; Guizhou Academy of Testing and Analysis, Guiyang 550014, China.
| | - Chan Xu
- School of Public Health, the key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China; Guizhou Academy of Testing and Analysis, Guiyang 550014, China.
| | - Jin Li
- School of Public Health, the key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China; Guizhou Academy of Testing and Analysis, Guiyang 550014, China.
| | - Chan Zhang
- School of Public Health, the key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China; Guizhou Jiandee Technology Co., Ltd., Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Sun Xie
- Guizhou Jiandee Technology Co., Ltd., Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Chun-Li Teng
- Guizhou Jiandee Technology Co., Ltd., Guiyang 550025, China.
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Zhao XL, Guo ZL, Qi KL, Zhou QS, Liu YM, Xiong LX, Zhang J, Zhang J, Zhang WJ. The Polysaccharides from Pinellia ternata and Their Derivatives: Preparation, Structure Characteristics, and Activities in Vitro. Chem Biodivers 2024:e202400596. [PMID: 38804585 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Three polysaccharides, PTC, PTH, and PTB, were extracted from Pinellia ternata using three different extraction conditions: room temperature water, hot water, and 2 % Na2CO3 solution. PTC and PTH were composed of rhamnose, glucose, galactose, mannose, glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, and arabinose, which combine to form complex structures. PTB was composed solely of glucose and rhamnose. Further analysis indicated that PTC and PTB exhibited triple-helix structures. PTC showed the highest scavenging capacity against DPPH, superoxide anion, and hydroxyl radicals, with half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 1004.1, 1584.1, and 1584.1 μg/mL, respectively. Additionally, PTC, PTH, and PTB were subjected to sulfation, phosphorylation, and selenization, resulting in the production of nine derivates. The distinctive absorptive bands of these derivates were determined through infrared spectroscopy. Selenized and sulfated derivates have shown significant antitumor and immunoenhancing properties. Our findings revealed that at 400 μg/mL, the inhibition rate of selenated PTB on HeLa cells was 54.2 % and that on HepG2 cells was 43.1 %. Additionally, selenized PTC displayed significant immunoenhancing activity, with a proliferation rate of 63.7 % at 400 μg/mL in RAW264.7 cells. These results provide valuable evidence supporting the consideration of polysaccharides from Pinellia ternata as a potential candidate for the development of antineoplastic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Liang Zhao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Screening and Deep Processing for Traditional Chinese and Tibetan Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China
| | - Zheng-Lei Guo
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China
| | - Kai-Li Qi
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China
| | - Qing-Song Zhou
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China
| | - Yan-Mei Liu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China
| | - Li-Xia Xiong
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Screening and Deep Processing for Traditional Chinese and Tibetan Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China
| | - Ji Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China
| | - Wei-Jie Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Screening and Deep Processing for Traditional Chinese and Tibetan Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China
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Li X, Ji W, Wu S, Qian C, Zhou J, Zhang Z, Li D. The isolation, characterization and biological activities of the non-glucan polysaccharides from the high-starch-content plant Pueraria mirifica. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129709. [PMID: 38286380 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
The dried root of Pueraria mirifica (P. mirifica) is an edible foodstuff widely used in Asian countries. P. mirifica is known for its high starch content. The isolation of polysaccharides from high-starch plant parts is challenging due to the interference of starch. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a technique for isolating and investigating the structure and activity of non-glucan polysaccharides from P. mirifica (PMP). An effective starch removal process was developed using α-amylase hydrolysis and thorough membrane dialysis. Four non-glucan polysaccharides were isolated, and PMP-2 was subjected to structural elucidation. The results indicated that PMP-2 has a molecular weight of 124.4 kDa and that arabinose and galactose are the main components, accounting for 27.8 % and 58.5 %, respectively. Methylation and NMR analysis suggested that PMP-2 is an Arabinogalactan composed of 1,6-linked Galp and 1,4-linked Galp as the main chain, with arabinan and rhamnose as side chains. Furthermore, PMP-C and PMP-2 exhibited concentration-dependent antioxidant activities against DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxyl radicals and certain immunomodulatory activities related to the release of NO, TNF-α and IL-6. These findings suggest that PMP-2 has potential therapeutically active ingredient in functional foods. The developed method successfully removed starch and isolated non-glucan polysaccharides from the high-starch content plant P. mirifica and can be applied to other high-starch plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Wen Ji
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Shuye Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Cuiyin Qian
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Jianqin Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China.
| | - Zhenqing Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China.
| | - Duxin Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China.
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Sun YD, Zhang H, Li YM, Han JJ. Abnormal metabolism in hepatic stellate cells: Pandora's box of MAFLD related hepatocellular carcinoma. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189086. [PMID: 38342420 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a significant risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), as key mediators in liver injury response, are believed to play a crucial role in the repair process of liver injury. However, in MAFLD patients, the normal metabolic and immunoregulatory mechanisms of HSCs become disrupted, leading to disturbances in the local microenvironment. Abnormally activated HSCs are heavily involved in the initiation and progression of HCC. The metabolic disorders and abnormal activation of HSCs not only initiate liver fibrosis but also contribute to carcinogenesis. In this review, we provide an overview of recent research progress on the relationship between the abnormal metabolism of HSCs and the local immune system in the liver, elucidating the mechanisms of immune imbalance caused by abnormally activated HSCs in MAFLD patients. Based on this understanding, we discuss the potential and challenges of metabolic-based and immunology-based mechanisms in the treatment of MAFLD-related HCC, with a specific focus on the role of HSCs in HCC progression and their potential as targets for anti-cancer therapy. This review aims to enhance researchers' understanding of the importance of HSCs in maintaining normal liver function and highlights the significance of HSCs in the progression of MAFLD-related HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Dong Sun
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute Affiliated Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute Affiliated Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, China
| | - Yuan-Min Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China
| | - Jian-Jun Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute Affiliated Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, China.
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9
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Peng Y, Zhu X, Yang G, Zhang J, Wang R, Shen Y, Li H, Gatasheh MK, Abbasi AM, Yang X. Ultrasonic extraction of Moringa oleifera seeds polysaccharides: Optimization, purification, and anti-inflammatory activities. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128833. [PMID: 38128806 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Natural polysaccharides exhibit numerous beneficial properties, such as antioxidant, antitumor, hypoglycemic, and hypolipidemic activities. Moringa oleifera seeds are of high dietary and therapeutic value which drew a lot of attention. However, the regulation effect on anti-inflammatory activity of polysaccharides remains to be studied. Herein, novel bioactive polysaccharides (MOSP-1) were extracted from Moringa oleifera seeds, and the anti-inflammatory properties of MOSP-1 were uncovered. Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was used to prepare the polysaccharides with optimized conditions (70 °C, 43 min, and liquid-solid-ratio 15 mL/g). Then, DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow columns were applied to isolate and purify MOSP-1. Rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, and glucose were identified as the monosaccharide constituents of MOSP-1, with a molecular weight of 5.697 kDa. Their proportion in molarity was 1:0.183:0.108:0.860 and 8 types of glycosidic linkages were discovered. Bioactive assays showed that MOSP-1 possessed scavenging activities against DPPH and ABTS radicals, confirming its potential antioxidation efficacy. In vitro experiments revealed that MOSP-1 could reduce the expression of inflammation-related cytokines, inhibit the activation of ERK, JNK, and p38 (the MAPK signaling pathway), and enhance phagocytic functions. This study indicates that polysaccharides (MOSP-1) from Moringa oleifera seeds with anti-inflammatory properties may be used for functional food and pharmaceutical product development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Peng
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510405, China.
| | - Xucheng Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510405, China.
| | - Guiyan Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Junjia Zhang
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
| | - Rui Wang
- International Education College, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yingbin Shen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haimei Li
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510405, China.
| | - Mansour K Gatasheh
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O.Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Arshad Mehmood Abbasi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, 22060, Pakistan.
| | - Xinquan Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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10
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Cao W, Wu J, Zhao X, Li Z, Yu J, Shao T, Hou X, Zhou L, Wang C, Wang G, Han J. Structural elucidation of an active polysaccharide from Radix Puerariae lobatae and its protection against acute alcoholic liver disease. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 325:121565. [PMID: 38008472 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Radix Pueraria lobata can be used as medicine and food, whose polysaccharide is one of the main bioactive ingredients. To explore the effect and mechanism of Pueraria lobata polysaccharide, a homogeneous and novel water-soluble polysaccharide (PLP1) was successfully isolated and purified from P. lobata by column chromatography in the current study. Structure analysis revealed that PLP1 (Mw = 10.43 kDa) was constituted of the residues including (1 → 4)-α-d-glucose and (1 → 4, 6)-α-d-glucose, which were linked together at a ratio of 5:1 and represented the main glycosidic units. In vitro experiments indicated that PLP1 exhibited a better free radical-scavenging ability than amylose and amylopectin, meanwhile in vivo experiments indicated that PLP1 effectively protected against liver injury in mice with acute ALD through significantly inhibiting oxidative stress to regulate lipid metabolism, increasing short-chain fatty acid production, and maintaining intestinal homeostasis by regulating intestinal flora. Taken together, our results illustrate that PLP1 can regulate intestinal microecology as a feasible therapeutic agent for protecting against ALD on the ground of the gut-liver axis, thus laying a theoretical foundation for the rational exploitation and utilization of P. lobata resources in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Cao
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Jiangping Wu
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Xinya Zhao
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Zixu Li
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Taili Shao
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Xuefeng Hou
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Lutan Zhou
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Chunfei Wang
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China.
| | - Guodong Wang
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China.
| | - Jun Han
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China; Anhui College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhu 241002, China.
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11
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Zhi N, Chang X, Wang X, Guo J, Chen J, Gui S. Recent advances in the extraction, purification, structural-property correlations, and antiobesity mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine-derived polysaccharides: a review. Front Nutr 2024; 10:1341583. [PMID: 38299183 PMCID: PMC10828026 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1341583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has displayed preventive and therapeutic effects on many complex diseases. As natural biological macromolecules, TCM-derived antiobesogenic polysaccharides (TCMPOs) exhibit notable weight-loss effects and are seen to be a viable tactic in the fight against obesity. Current studies demonstrate that the antiobesity activity of TCMPOs is closely related to their structural characteristics, which could be affected by the extraction and purification methods. Therefore, the extraction, purification and structural-property correlations of TCMPOs were discussed. Investigation of the antiobesity mechanism of TCMPOs is also essential for their improved application. Herein, the possible antiobesity mechanisms of TCMPOs are systematically summarized: (1) modulation of appetite and satiety effects, (2) suppression of fat absorption and synthesis, (3) alteration of the gut microbiota and their metabolites, and (4) protection of intestinal barriers. This collated information could provide some insights and offer a new therapeutic approach for the management and prevention of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Zhi
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Xiangwei Chang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Hefei, China
- MOE-Anhui Joint Collaborative Innovation Center for Quality Improvement of Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials, Hefei, China
| | - Xinrui Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jian Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Hefei, China
| | - Juan Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Hefei, China
| | - Shuangying Gui
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Hefei, China
- MOE-Anhui Joint Collaborative Innovation Center for Quality Improvement of Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials, Hefei, China
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12
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Dou Z, Zhang Y, Tang W, Deng Q, Hu B, Chen X, Niu H, Wang W, Li Z, Zhou H, Zeng N. Ultrasonic effects on the degradation kinetics, structural characteristics and protective effects on hepatocyte lipotoxicity induced by palmitic acid of Pueraria Lobata polysaccharides. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 101:106652. [PMID: 37865008 PMCID: PMC10597800 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a high-molecular-weight Pueraria lobata polysaccharide (PLP) with a molecular weight of 273.54 kDa was degraded by ultrasound, and the ultrasonic degradation kinetics, structural characteristics and hepatoprotective activity of ultrasonic degraded PLP fractions (PLPs) were evaluated. The results showed that the ultrasonic treatment significantly reduced the Mw and particle size of PLP, and the kinetic equation of ultrasonic degradation of PLP followed to the midpoint fracture model (the fist-order model). The monosaccharide composition analysis, FT-IR, triple helix structure and XRD analysis all indicated that the ultrasound degradation did not destroy the primary structure of PLP, but the thermal stability of degraded fractions improved. Additionally, the scanning electron microscopy analysis demonstrated that the surface morphology of PLP was altered from smooth, flat, compact large flaky structure to a sparse rod-like structure with sparse crosslinking (PLP-7). The degraded PLP fractions (0.5 mg/mL) with lower Mw exhibited better antioxidant activities and protective effects against palmitic acid-induced hepatic lipotoxicity, which may be due to the increased exposure of active groups such as hydroxyl groups of PLP after ultrasound. Further investigation showed that PLPs not only increased Nrf2 phosphorylation and its nuclear translocation, thereby activating Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway, but also enhanced HO-1, NQO-1, γ-GCL gene expressions and promoted superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, which protected hepatocytes against PA-induced oxidative stress and lipotoxicity. Overall, our research might provide an in-depth insight into P. Lobata polysaccharide in ameliorating lipid metabolic disorders, and the results revealed that ultrasonic irradiation could be a promising degradation method to produce value-added polysaccharide for use in functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuman Dou
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Yulong Zhang
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Waijiao Tang
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Qiong Deng
- School of Business Administration, Guangzhou Institute of Science and Technology, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Baishun Hu
- Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Academy of Agricultural Usnciciences, Enshi 445000, China
| | - Xianwei Chen
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Hui Niu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wenduo Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhuang Li
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China.
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China.
| | - Nianyi Zeng
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China.
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13
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Liu L, Lan H, Wang Y, Zhao L, Liu X, Hu Z, Wang K. Acetylation at the O-6 position of t-Glc improved immunoactivity of α-1,6-glucan from longan by additionally activating Dectin-1 and CD14 receptors. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 320:121199. [PMID: 37659806 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Acetylation is an important approach to improve the bioactivity of polysaccharides; however, the mechanisms have not been fully understood. As a key component of longan for exerting health promoting function, longan polysaccharide was hypothesized may achieve elevated immunoregulatory activity after acetylation. A bioactive longan polysaccharide (LP) composed of (1 → 6)-α-d-glucan (84.1 %) and with an average Mw of 9.68 × 104 kDa was acetylated to different degree of substitutions (DS) in this study. Key structural changes responsible for improvement in immunoregulatory activity were identified, and underlying mechanisms were investigated. Acetylated LP (Ac-LP) with DS 0.37, 0.78 and 0.92 were obtained. Structural characterization identified the substitution of acetyl groups occurs at O-6 positions of t-Glc non-selectively, while the backbone structure was not apparently changed. This resulted in increased expression of cytokines (IL-10, IL-6 and TNF-α) and ROS production in RAW264.7 macrophages, indicating improved immune activity which is positively related to the DS of Ac-LP. This is attribute to additional cellular receptors for Ac-LP (CD14 and Dectin-1) apart from receptors for LP (TLR4 and Ca2+ receptors), as well as the relative higher protein expression of TLR4-MyD88 signaling pathways. These results would provide guidance for the utilization of acetylated polysaccharides with improved immunoactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Haibo Lan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China; College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Yibin 64400, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xuwei Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhuoyan Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Kai Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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14
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Zhao M, Zheng S, Wang M, Wu J, Ma X, Xu W. Molecular Insights into the Macrophage Immunomodulatory Effects of Scrophulariae Radix Polysaccharides. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202301180. [PMID: 37830509 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Scrophulariae Radix (SR) has been widely used in Chinese herbal compound prescriptions, health care products and functional foods. The present study aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharides from SR (SRPs) in macrophages and explore the potential mechanisms. The results showed that four SRPs fractions (SRPs40, SRPs60, SRPs80 and SRPs100) had similar absorption peaks and monosaccharide compositions, but the intensities of absorption peaks and monosaccharide contents were distinguished. All SRPs fractions significantly enhanced the pinocytic activity, promoted the production of NO and TNF-α, increased the mRNA expressions of inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and PTGS2) and TLR2, and elevated the phosphorylation levels of p38, ERK, JNK, p65 and IκB. Moreover, the production of NO and TNF-α stimulated by SRPs was dramatically suppressed by anti-TLR2 antibody. These results indicated that SRPs activated macrophages through MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways via recognition of TLR2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Rd, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Sichun Zheng
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Rd, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Mengyu Wang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Rd, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jiahui Wu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Rd, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaodan Ma
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Rd, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Center for Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Rd, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Center for Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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15
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Ren Y, Qu S. Constituent isoflavones of Puerariae radix as a potential neuroprotector in cognitive impairment: Evidence from preclinical studies. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 90:102040. [PMID: 37619620 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
With the increasing aging population worldwide, the incidence of senile cognitive impairment (CI) is increasing, posing a serious threat to the health of elderly persons. Despite developing new drugs aimed at improving CI, progress in this regard has been insufficient. Natural preparations derived from plants have become an unparalleled resource for developing new drugs. Puerariae radix (PR) has a long history as Chinese herbal medicine. PR is rich in various chemical components such as isoflavones, triterpenes, and saponins. The isoflavones (puerarin, daidzein, formononetin, and genistein) exhibit potential therapeutic effects on CI through multiple mechanisms. Relevant literature was organized from major scientific databases such as PubMed, Elsevier, SpringerLink, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science. Using "Puerariae radix," "Pueraria lobata," "isoflavones," "puerarin," "antioxidant," "daidzein," "formononetin," "genistein," "Alzheimer"s disease," and "vascular cognitive impairment" as keywords, the relevant literature was extracted from the databases mentioned above. We found that isoflavones from PR have neuroprotective effects on multiple models of CI via multiple targets and mechanisms. These isoflavones prevent Aβ aggregation, inhibit tau hyperphosphorylation, increase cholinergic neurotransmitter levels, reduce neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, improve synaptic plasticity, promote nerve regeneration, and prevent apoptosis. PR has been used as traditional Chinese herbal medicine for a long time, and its constituent isoflavones exert significant therapeutic effects on CI through various neuroprotective mechanisms. This review will contribute to the future development of isoflavones present in PR as novel drug candidates for the clinical treatment of CI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Ren
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, 110004 Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Shengtao Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao St, Shenyang 110004, PR China.
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16
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Tang MT, Jiang H, Wan C, Wang XL, Zhou S, Zhou T. Hypolipidemic Activity and Mechanism of Action of Sargassum fusiforme Polysaccharides. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300264. [PMID: 37370194 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharide (SFP) is a kind of biologically active macromolecule with biological functions. In this study, oxidative stress and high-fat HepG2 cell models were established to investigate its lipid-lowering activity and mechanism of action. It was found that SFP and its two isolated fractions had antioxidant effects on the cells. It was also found the polysaccharides decreased the content of total cholesterol and total triglyceride in the high-fat cells. RT-qPCR assays revealed that the three polysaccharides down-regulated the mRNA expression level of ACC, PPARγ, and SREBP-2. It could be concluded that the hypolipidemic effect of SFPs is achieved via multiple pathways, including the regulation on the expression level of lipid metabolism-related key enzymes and factors, and binding with bile acids. The hypolipidemic effect of SFPs could be partially due to their antioxidant activity. SFPs developed in the present work have potential as ingredients of functional foods with hypolipidemic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ting Tang
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Xiasha, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Xiasha, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Wan
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Xiasha, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ling Wang
- Faculty of Food Science, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, 888 East of Yinxian Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315100, P.R. China
| | - Shaobo Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Xiasha, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, P. R. China
- School of Science, Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham, ME4 4TB, UK
| | - Tao Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Xiasha, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, P. R. China
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17
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Shen L, Shen Y, You L, Zhang Y, Su Z, Peng G, Deng JL, Zhong Z, Yu S, Zong X, Wu X, Zhu Y, Cao S. Blood metabolomics reveals the therapeutic effect of Pueraria polysaccharide on calf diarrhea. BMC Vet Res 2023; 19:98. [PMID: 37516856 PMCID: PMC10386334 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03662-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonatal calf diarrhea (NCD) is typically treated with antibiotics, while long-term application of antibiotics induces drug resistance and antibiotic residues, ultimately decreasing feed efficiency. Pueraria polysaccharide (PPL) is a versatile antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and antioxidative compound. This study aimed to compare the therapeutic efficacy of different doses of PPL (0.2, 0.4, 0.8 g/kg body weight (BW)) and explore the effect of plasma metabolites in diarrheal calves by the best dose of PPL. RESULTS PPL could effectively improve the daily weight gain, fecal score, and dehydration score, and the dosage of 0.4 g/kg BW could reach curative efficacy against calf diarrhea (with effective rates 100.00%). Metabolomic analysis suggested that diarrhea mainly affect the levels of taurocholate, DL-lactate, LysoPCs, and intestinal flora-related metabolites, trimethylamine N-oxide; however, PPL improved liver function and intestinal barrier integrity by modulating the levels of DL-lactate, LysoPC (18:0/0:0) and bilirubin, which eventually attenuated neonatal calf diarrhea. It also suggested that the therapeutic effect of PPL is related to those differential metabolites in diarrheal calves. CONCLUSIONS The results showed that 0.4 g/kg BW PPL could restore the clinical score of diarrhea calves by improving the blood indexes, biochemical indexes, and blood metabolites. And it is a potential medicine for the treatment of calf diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuhong Shen
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, The Medical Research Center for Cow Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Shen
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, The Medical Research Center for Cow Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Liuchao You
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, The Medical Research Center for Cow Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, The Medical Research Center for Cow Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Guangxi Innovates Medical Technology Co., Ltd. Lipu, Guangxi, 546600, China
| | - Zhetong Su
- Guangxi Innovates Medical Technology Co., Ltd. Lipu, Guangxi, 546600, China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, The Medical Research Center for Cow Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun-Liang Deng
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, The Medical Research Center for Cow Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, The Medical Research Center for Cow Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Shumin Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, The Medical Research Center for Cow Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaolan Zong
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, The Medical Research Center for Cow Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, The Medical Research Center for Cow Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Yingkun Zhu
- School of Agriculture & Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland.
| | - Suizhong Cao
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, The Medical Research Center for Cow Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
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Wang J, Dai G, Shang M, Wang Y, Xia C, Duan B, Xu L. Extraction, structural-activity relationships, bioactivities, and application prospects of Pueraria lobata polysaccharides as ingredients for functional products: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125210. [PMID: 37271269 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi is an important resource with dual functions in medicine and food since ancient times. Polysaccharides are the main bioactive component of P. lobata and have various bioactivities, such as antidiabetic, antioxidant, immunological activities, etc. Due to the distinctive bioactivity of P. lobata polysaccharides (PLPs), the research on PLPs is booming. Although a series of PLPs have been isolated and characterized, the chemical structure and mechanism are unclear and need further study. Here, we reviewed recent progress in isolation, identification, pharmacological properties, and possible therapeutic mechanisms of PLPs to update awareness of these value-added natural polysaccharides. Besides, the structure-activity relationships, application status, and toxic effects of PLPs are highlighted and discussed to afford a deeper understanding of PLPs. This article may provide theoretical insights and technical guidance for developing PLPs as novel functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Dali University, Dali 671000, China
| | - Guona Dai
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Dali University, Dali 671000, China
| | - Mingyue Shang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Dali University, Dali 671000, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Dali University, Dali 671000, China
| | - Conglong Xia
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Dali University, Dali 671000, China
| | - Baozhong Duan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Dali University, Dali 671000, China.
| | - Li Xu
- College of Basic Medicine, Dali University, Dali 671000, China.
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Zhang Z, Cui Y, Ouyang H, Zhu W, Feng Y, Yao M, Yang S. Radix Pueraria lobata polysaccharide relieved DSS-induced ulcerative colitis through modulating PI3K signaling. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
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Guo N, Fang Z, Zang Q, Yang Y, Nan T, Zhao Y, Huang L. Spatially resolved metabolomics combined with bioactivity analyses to evaluate the pharmacological properties of two Radix Puerariae species. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 313:116546. [PMID: 37121451 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE P. lobata and P. thomsonii are medicinal plants with similar pharmacological functions but different therapeutic effects. A novel method is presented herein to investigate metabolites in terms of their distribution and qualification, quantification is necessary to elucidate the different therapeutic effects of the two Puerariae species. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of the present study was to perform spatially resolved metabolomics combined with bioactivity analyses to systematically compare the metabolite differences in P. lobata and P. thomsonii by distribution, qualification, quantification, and biological activity to evaluate their pharmacological properties. MATERIALS AND METHODS Air flow-assisted desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry imaging (AFADESI-MSI) was performed to characterize the differences in the metabolite distributions of P. lobata and P. thomsonii. Further qualitative and quantitative analyses of the differential metabolites were performed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Biological activities correlated with the differences in the metabolites were validated by MTT assays. RESULTS Some metabolites showed complementary distributions of the phloem and xylem in the two species, saccharide, vitamin, and inosine levels were higher in the phloem of P. thomsonii but higher in the xylem of P. lobata. The 3'-hydroxyl puerarin level was higher in the xylem of P. thomsonii but higher in the phloem of P. lobata. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the metabolites revealed a total of 52 key differential metabolites. MTT assays showed that daidzein, daidzin, puerarin, ononin, genistin, formononetin, 3'-hydroxy puerarin, 3'-methoxy puerarin, mirificin, and 3'-methoxy daidzin exerted protective effects on H9c2 cells against hypoxia/reoxygenation injury. P. lobata extracts exhibited a significantly better protective efficacy than P. thomsonii extracts. CONCLUSIONS In this study, AFADESI-MSI combined with LC-MS and biological activities comprehensively elucidated metabolite differences in the distribution, qualification, quantification, and pharmacological properties of P. lobata and P. thomsonii. The results of this study could provide a novel strategy for species identification and quality assessment of similar Chinese herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China; Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Zhengyu Fang
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Qingce Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Yiqing Yang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Tiegui Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Yuping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Luqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
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Zhao S, Xue H, Tao Y, Chen K, Li X, Wang M. An Acidic Heteropolysaccharide Isolated from Pueraria lobata and Its Bioactivities. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076247. [PMID: 37047221 PMCID: PMC10094262 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel water-soluble acidic heteropolysaccharide, called PPL-1, was purified from Pueraria lobata. PPL-1 had an average molecular weight of 35 Kad, and it was composed of glucose, arabinose, galactose and galacturonic acid (6.3:0.8:0.8:2.1). In accordance with methylation and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses, PPL-1 primarily consisted of (1→2)-linked α-Araf, (1→4)-linked α-Glcp, (1→)-linked β-Glcp, (1→6)-linked α-Glcp, (1→3,6)-linked α-Galp, (1→)-linked β-GalpA and (1→4)-linked α-GalpA. In terms of bioactivities, PPL-1 exhibited remarkable scavenging ability towards DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radicals and moderate activity by enhancing the proliferation rate of RAW 264.7 cells by approximately 30% along with the secretion of NO. This work demonstrates that PPL-1 can be a potential source of immunoenhancers and antioxidants.
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Cai G, Wu C, Zhu T, Peng S, Xu S, Hu Y, Liu Z, Yang Y, Wang D. Structure of a Pueraria root polysaccharide and its immunoregulatory activity on T and B lymphocytes, macrophages, and immunosuppressive mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 230:123386. [PMID: 36702224 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In this experiment, the polysaccharide was extracted from Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi, and its structural characteristics and bioactivity were investigated. The results showed that Pueraria lobata polysaccharide (PLP) was composed of fucose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, xylose, mannose in a molar proportion of 0.09:1.25:2.19:95.74:0.43:0.30 with a number molar masses (Mn) weight of 14.463 kDa. Besides, FT-IR, Methylation, and NMR analysis revealed that PLP were mainly composed of the main chain →4)-α-Glcp (1→ and →4,6)-α-Glcp (1→, and the branched chain α-Glcp (1→. In vitro experiment, the results showed that PLP could stimulate the expression of surface molecules on RAW264.7 and (T and B) lymphocytes proliferation, simultaneously to stimulate their cytokines secretion. In vivo experiment, the immune organ index, cytokine content, and T lymphocyte subtype in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice could be improved by PLP. These data proved that PLP could be used as a useful immunomodulator to enhance the immune activity of RAW264.7, T, and B cells and improve the immune function of cyclophosphamide-treated mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaofeng Cai
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Caihong Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, PR China
| | - Tianyu Zhu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Song Peng
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Shuwen Xu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yuanliang Hu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Zhenguang Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Deyun Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
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Li H, Gao T, Zhang Z, Lei J, Hu J, Tang Z, Feng S, Ding C, Chen T, Chen Y, Yuan S, Yuan M. A novel Stauntonia leucantha fruits arabinogalactan: and structural characterization. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 303:120481. [PMID: 36657852 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharides were the key ingredients of many herbal medicines, and were responsible for multiple pharmacological activities. In this study, a novel polysaccharide fraction, named SLP-2, was isolated from Stauntonia leucantha fruits, and purified by DEAE-52 and Sephadex G-100 column chromatography. Furthermore, SLP-2 was identified by congo red, methylation, partial acid hydrolysis and NMR. The results indicated that the backbone of SLP-2 was composed of →4)-β-D-Galp-(1 → 4)-β-D-Galp-(1→ substituted at C-6 with 1,5-linked arabinan. SLP-2 had good anti-oxidation ability in vitro. Surprisingly, we found that reduction of carboxyl groups and methylation of hydroxyl groups enhanced the ability to scavenge 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) radicals and inhibit lipid peroxidation, and weakened the activity to scavenge 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals and reduce ferric iron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Tao Gao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhonghao Zhang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jiangping Lei
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Junchao Hu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zizhong Tang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shiling Feng
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Chunbang Ding
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Tao Chen
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yanger Chen
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shu Yuan
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ming Yuan
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan Province, China.
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Shen L, Shen Y, You L, Zhang Y, Su Z, Peng G, Deng J, Zuo Z, Zhong Z, Ren Z, Yu S, Zong X, Zhu Y, Cao S. Pueraria lobata polysaccharides alleviate neonatal calf diarrhea by modulating gut microbiota and metabolites. Front Vet Sci 2023; 9:1024392. [PMID: 36686167 PMCID: PMC9845628 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1024392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Neonatal calf diarrhea (NCD) is still one of the most critical diseases in calf rearing. Studies have shown that Pueraria lobata polysaccharides (PLP) have intense antioxidant and immunomodulatory activity and modulate gut microbiota. This randomized clinical trial aimed to determine the effect of PLP on the neonatal calf with diarrhea. Methods In this study, we recorded the fecal score of experimental calves, and calves with fecal scores ≥ 2 were determined as diarrhea and assessed their serum concentrations of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative damage-related indices. Fecal microbiota and metabolomics of diarrheal calves were further investigated. Results Results showed that treatment with PLP decreased the fecal score of diarrheal calves, serum concentrations of IL-1β, TNF-γ, and malondialdehyde, and also elevated the level of superoxide dismutase. In addition, PLP treatment altered the gut microbiota, significantly increased the relative abundances of beneficial bacteria, including the phyla Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria, the genus Collinsella, Megamonas, and Bifidobacterium; decreased the relative abundances of pathogenetic or diarrhea related bacteria, such as Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, and Escherichia_Shigella. Moreover, PLP can increase the fecal concentrations of isobutyric acid, propionic acid, and pantothenate; lower the levels of PC [18:0/18:1(9Z)], arachidonic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid. Discussion Thus, the results suggested that the PLP may perform the therapeutic activity via alleviating intestinal inflammation and regulating gut microbiota, avoiding further dysbiosis to restore the metabolism of gut microbiota, and finally promoting the recovery of diarrhea. The change further mitigated intestinal inflammation and oxidative damage in diarrheal calves. This indicated that PLP might be a promising treatment to attenuate diarrhea in neonatal calves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuhong Shen
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, The Medical Research Center for Cow Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Shen
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, The Medical Research Center for Cow Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Liuchao You
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, The Medical Research Center for Cow Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, The Medical Research Center for Cow Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhetong Su
- Guangxi Innovates Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Lipu, Guangxi, China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, The Medical Research Center for Cow Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Junliang Deng
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, The Medical Research Center for Cow Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhicai Zuo
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, The Medical Research Center for Cow Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, The Medical Research Center for Cow Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhihua Ren
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, The Medical Research Center for Cow Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shumin Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, The Medical Research Center for Cow Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaolan Zong
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, The Medical Research Center for Cow Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yingkun Zhu
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland,*Correspondence: Yingkun Zhu ✉
| | - Suizhong Cao
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, The Medical Research Center for Cow Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,Suizhong Cao ✉
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An Alkali-extracted Polysaccharide from Poria cocos Activates RAW264.7 Macrophages via NF-κB Signaling Pathway. ARAB J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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Li Q, Liu W, Zhang H, Chen C, Liu R, Hou H, Luo Q, Yu Q, Ouyang H, Feng Y, Zhu W. α-D-1,3-glucan from Radix Puerariae thomsonii improves NAFLD by regulating the intestinal flora and metabolites. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 299:120197. [PMID: 36876767 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Radix Puerariae thomsonii, the root of the botanical family Fabaceae species Pueraria montana var. thomsonii (Benth.) MR Almeida, can be used as food or medicine. Polysaccharides are important active constituents of this root. A low molecular weight polysaccharide, RPP-2 having α-D-1,3-glucan as the main chain, was isolated and purified. RPP-2 could promote the growth of probiotics in-vitro. Therefore, the effects of RPP-2 on a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) C57/BL6J mouse models were investigated. RPP-2 could reduce HFD-induced liver injury by reducing inflammation, glucose metabolism, and steatosis, thereby improving NAFLD. RPP-2 regulated the abundances of intestinal floral genera Flintibacter, Butyricicoccus, and Oscillibacter, and their metabolites Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), bile acids, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), thereby improving inflammation, lipid metabolism, and energy metabolism signaling pathways. These results confirmed that RPP-2 play a prebiotic role by regulating intestinal flora and microbial metabolites, playing a multi-pathway and multi-target role in improving NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Li
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 818 Yunwan Road, Nanchang 330002, PR China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Research and Development Department, Jiangzhong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., No. 1899 Meiling Road, Nanchang 330103, PR China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 818 Yunwan Road, Nanchang 330002, PR China
| | - Chong Chen
- Research and Development Department, Jiangzhong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., No. 1899 Meiling Road, Nanchang 330103, PR China
| | - Ronghua Liu
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 818 Yunwan Road, Nanchang 330002, PR China
| | - Hengwei Hou
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 818 Yunwan Road, Nanchang 330002, PR China
| | - Quan Luo
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 818 Yunwan Road, Nanchang 330002, PR China
| | - Qinqin Yu
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 818 Yunwan Road, Nanchang 330002, PR China
| | - Hui Ouyang
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 818 Yunwan Road, Nanchang 330002, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, No. 56 Yangming Road, Nanchang 330006, PR China.
| | - Yulin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, No. 56 Yangming Road, Nanchang 330006, PR China.
| | - Weifeng Zhu
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 818 Yunwan Road, Nanchang 330002, PR China; Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Chinese Medicine of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 818 Yunwan Road, Nanchang 330002, PR China.
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Yang HR, Li X, Liu H, Zhao DR, Zeng YJ. Novel polysaccharide from Panax notoginseng with immunoregulation and prebiotic effects. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Pei YH, Yan NN, Zhang HF, Zhang ST, Tang ZZ, Huang Y, Chen T, Feng SL, Ding CB, Yuan S, Yuan M. Physicochemical characterization of a fern polysaccharide from Alsophila spinulosa leaf and its anti-aging activity in Caenorhabditis elegans. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200156. [PMID: 36039474 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Alsophila spinulosa , as a rare tree fern with potential medicinal value, has attracted extensive attention. Herein, the physicochemical properties, antioxidant and anti-aging activities of polysaccharide from A. spinulosa leaf (ALP) were investigated. ALP was composed of galactose, arabinose, glucose, rhamnose, galacturonic acid, mannose, and fucose. (1→), (1→6), and (1→2) bond types were the primary glycosidic bond in ALP. Surprisingly, ALP displayed the wonderful activity of antioxidant and anti-aging, including excellent scavenging ability against DPPH and ABTS radicals in vitro ; prolonging the life span, improving activity of antioxidative enzymes (SOD and CAT), and decreasing the level of ROS, MDA in Caenorhabditis elegans . Meanwhile, ALP promoted DAF-16 to move into the nuclear. Overall, our results illustrated that ALP could be further developed as a functional food ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Hong Pei
- Sichuan Agricultural University, College of Life Science, No. 46, Xinkang Road, Yucheng District, 625014, Yaan, CHINA
| | - Ning-Ning Yan
- Sichuan Agricultural University, College of Life Science, No. 46, Xinkang Road, Yucheng District, 625014, Yaan, CHINA
| | - Hui-Fang Zhang
- Sichuan Agricultural University, College of Life Science, No. 46, Xinkang Road, Yucheng District, 625014, Yaan, CHINA
| | - Shu-Ting Zhang
- Sichuan Agricultural University, College of Life Science, No. 46, Xinkang Road, Yucheng District, 625014, Yaan, CHINA
| | - Zi-Zhong Tang
- Sichuan Agricultural University, College of Life Science, No. 46, Xinkang Road, Yucheng District, 625014, Yaan, CHINA
| | - Yan Huang
- Sichuan Agricultural University, College of Life Science, No. 46, Xinkang Road, Yucheng District, 625014, Yaan, CHINA
| | - Tao Chen
- Sichuan Agricultural University, College of Life Science, No. 46, Xinkang Road, Yucheng District, 625014, Yaan, CHINA
| | - Shi-Ling Feng
- Sichuan Agricultural University, College of Life Science, No. 46, Xinkang Road, Yucheng District, 625014, Yaan, CHINA
| | - Chun-Bang Ding
- Sichuan Agricultural University, College of Life Science, No. 46, Xinkang Road, Yucheng District, 625014, Yaan, CHINA
| | - Shu Yuan
- Sichuan Agricultural University, College of Life Science, No. 46, Xinkang Road, Yucheng District, 625014, Yaan, CHINA
| | - Ming Yuan
- Sichuan Agricultural University, College of Life Science, No. 46, Xinkang Road, Yucheng District, 625014, Yaan, CHINA
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Qu D, Lian S, Hu H, Sun W, Si H. Characterization and macrophages immunomodulatory activity of two water-soluble polysaccharides from Abrus cantoniensis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:969512. [PMID: 36071932 PMCID: PMC9441930 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.969512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aims to elucidate the physicochemical properties and immunomodulatory activity of two polysaccharides (ACPt0 and ACPt2) from Abrus cantoniensis. Results revealed that ACPt0 with a molecular weight of 26.0 kDa, was mainly composed of glucose (83.1%) and galactose (6.1%), and that ACPt2 with a molecular weight of 145.6/8.9 kDa, consisted of galactose (25.6%), galacturonic acid (22.2%), arabinos (16.6%) and galactose (11.0%) respectively. AFM and Congo red experiments suggested that ACPt0 and ACPt2 might be spherical particles with triple-helix conformation in aqueous solution. ACPt0 and ACPt2 exhibited immunomodulatory activity by promoting the proliferation, augmenting pinocytic and phagocytic capacities, releasing immunoactive molecules such as ROS, NO, iNOS, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β, upregulation of the mRNA levels of corresponding cytokines in macrophages. Moreover, ACPt0 and ACPt2 were recognized by toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and exerted immunomodulatory effects via activating Myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and serine/threonine kinase (Akt) signaling pathways in macrophages. Notably, ACPt2 had higher immunomodulatory activity than ACPt0. Based on the present findings, ACPt0 and ACPt2 could be explored as an active component of immunomodulators in the food and pharmaceutical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongshuai Qu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- DanAg Agritech Consulting Co. Ltd., Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuaitao Lian
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Hongjie Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Wenjing Sun
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Biology & Pharmacy, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, China
- Wenjing Sun,
| | - Hongbin Si
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- *Correspondence: Hongbin Si,
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Sun J, Zhong X, Sun D, Cao X, Yao F, Shi L, Liu Y. Structural characterization of polysaccharides recovered from extraction residue of ginseng root saponins and its fruit nutrition preservation performance. Front Nutr 2022; 9:934927. [PMID: 35978961 PMCID: PMC9376600 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.934927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides recovered from extraction residue of ginseng root saponins, i.e., ginsenosides-extracting residue polysaccharides (GRP), were separated into two fractions, GRP-1 and GRP-2. Fourier infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, as well as high-performance liquid chromatography and gel permeation chromatography measurements, showed GRP-1 was composed of mainly starch-like glucans and GRP-2, relatively a smaller portion, was a mixture of heteropolysaccharides composed of starch-like glucans, rhamnogalacturonan-I pectin, and arabinogalactans, and they had similar molecular weights. These results proved that the structure of GRP was not destroyed and GRP still maintained strong antioxidant activities. In addition, GRP coating on surfaces of fruit slowed their deterioration and maintained their nutritional effects. Correlation and PCA analyses on various quality and antioxidant parameters supported the above findings and a possible mechanism in fruit preservation was then proposed. Knowing the structural features and bioactivities of GRP gives insights into its application. Specifically, GRP served as an environmentally friendly coating that can be used to preserve the nutrients and other quality indicators of strawberries and fresh-cut apples, paving the way for future new approaches to food preservation using polysaccharides or other natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Zhong
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Dandan Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xinxin Cao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Yao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingling Shi
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujun Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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Zhao M, Hou J, Zheng S, Ma X, Fu X, Hu S, Zhao K, Xu W. Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn polysaccharides regulate macrophage inflammatory response through TLR2/TLR4-mediated MAPK and NF-κB pathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 152:113258. [PMID: 35709651 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying macrophage inflammatory response to polysaccharides from Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn (PPDs) and elucidate the receptors and signaling pathways associated with PPDs-mediated macrophage activation. MTT and Griess method were performed to investigate the effects of PPDs on cell viability and NO production. Neutral red and FITC-dextran were used to determine the pinocytic and phagocytic activity. RT-qPCR and ELISA were employed to analyze the mRNA expression of inflammatory factors and production of cytokines and chemokines. RNA-seq and bioinformatics analysis were conducted to determine the underlying molecules, regulators and pathways, which were further validated by pathway inhibition and neutralization assays. The results indicated that PPDs significantly enhanced pinocytic and phagocytic activity, promoted the expression and secretion of inflammatory factors and chemokines, and boosted the expression of accessory and costimulatory molecules. RNA-Seq analysis identified 1343 DEGs, 405 GO terms and 91 KEGG pathways. IL6 and TNF were identified as hubs of connectivity in PPDs-mediated macrophage activation. "Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction", "TNF signaling pathway", "NF-kappa B signaling pathway", "JAK-STAT signaling pathway" and "MAPK signaling pathway" were the most significant pathways. The pathway inhibition assay revealed that MAPK and NF-κB pathways were essential to macrophage activation by PPDs. TLR2 and TLR4 were uncovered to be the functional receptors and involved in recognition of PPDs. These results indicated that PPDs modulated macrophage inflammatory response mainly through TLR2/TLR4-dependent MAPK and NF-κB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Jing Hou
- Instrumental Analysis Center of Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Sichun Zheng
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Xiaodan Ma
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Center for Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Xinyu Fu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Songhua Hu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Kai Zhao
- Institute of Nanobiomaterials and Immunology, School of Life Science, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China.
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Center for Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Huang Y, Chen H, Zhang K, Lu Y, Wu Q, Chen J, Li Y, Wu Q, Chen Y. Extraction, purification, structural characterization, and gut microbiota relationship of polysaccharides: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 213:967-986. [PMID: 35697165 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal dysbiosis is one of the major causes of the occurrence of metabolic syndromes, such as obesity, diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular diseases. Polysaccharide-based microbial therapeutic strategies have excellent potential in the treatment of metabolic syndromes, but the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain elusive. Identification of the internal regulatory mechanism of the gut microbiome and the interaction mechanisms involving bacteria and the host are essential to achieve precise control of the gut microbiome and obtain valuable clinical data. Polysaccharides cannot be directly digested; the behavior in the intestinal tract is considered a "bridge" between microbiota and host communication. To provide a relatively comprehensive reference for researchers in the field, we will discuss the polysaccharide extraction and purification processes and chemical and structural characteristics, focusing on the polysaccharides in gut microbiota through the immune system, gut-liver axis, gut-brain axis, energy axis interactions, and potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhe Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hao Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Kunfeng Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yongming Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qianzheng Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jielin Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yong Li
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qingxi Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yan Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province and Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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Cai G, Wu C, Mao N, Song Z, Yu L, Zhu T, Peng S, Yang Y, Liu Z, Wang D. Isolation, purification and characterization of Pueraria lobata polysaccharide and its effects on intestinal function in cyclophosphamide-treated mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 218:356-367. [PMID: 35878664 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the structure of acidic Pueraria lobata polysaccharide (a-PLP) and its bioactive effects on intestinal function in cyclophosphamide (CY)-treated mice. The structure of a-PLP was preliminarily analyzed, and the results showed that it is composed of fucose, arabinose, rhamnose, galactose, glucose, xylose, mannose, galacturonic acid, and glucuronic acid in a molar proportion of 2.54:16.52: 6.14: 16.60: 4.05: 4.75: 0.48: 47.44: 1.47 with a weight average molecular weight of 22.675 kDa. In addition, the methylation analysis suggested that 4-Gal(p)-UA may be the main backbone of a-PLP. Furthermore, a-PLP (1.2 g/kg, 0.8 g/kg, and 0.4 g/kg) was administered orally for the treatment of CY-treated mice. The results showed that a-PLP could remarkably relieved weight loss and intestinal villous atrophy in CY-treated mice. Meanwhile, the secretion levels of sIgA, β-defensin, cytokines, Mucin-2, and tight junction proteins increased significantly. Moreover, the ratio of T (CD4+ and CD8+) cells in the Peyer's patches and mesenteric lymph nodes also increased remarkably, along with the number of goblet cells. Furthermore, a-PLP decreased the levels of diamino oxidase and malondialdehyde, but up-regulated the activity of superoxide dismutase. In summary, a-PLP exhibited great benefits by attenuating CY side effects, opening a potential avenue to effectively treat cancer and reduce the suffering of chemotherapy patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaofeng Cai
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Caihong Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, PR China
| | - Ningning Mao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Zuchen Song
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Lin Yu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Tianyu Zhu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Song Peng
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Zhenguang Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Deyun Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
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Jiao Y, Yang Y, Zhou L, Chen D, Lu Y. Two Natural Flavonoid Substituted Polysaccharides from Tamarix chinensis: Structural Characterization and Anticomplement Activities. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27144532. [PMID: 35889403 PMCID: PMC9315555 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Two novel natural flavonoid substituted polysaccharides (MBAP-1 and MBAP-2) were obtained from Tamarix chinensis Lour. and characterized by HPGPC, methylation, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-ion trap tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-IT-MSn), and NMR analysis. The results showed that MBAP-1 was a homogenous heteropolysaccharide with a backbone of 4)-β-d-Glcp-(1→ and →3,4,6)-β-d-Glcp-(1→. MBAP-2 was also a homogenous polysaccharide which possessed a backbone of →3)-α-d-Glcp-(1→, →4)-β-d-Glcp-(1→ and →3,4)-β-d-Glcp-2-OMe-(1→. Both the two polysaccharides were substituted by quercetin and exhibited anticomplement activities in vitro. However, MBAP-1 (CH50: 0.075 ± 0.004 mg/mL) was more potent than MBAP-2 (CH50: 0.249 ± 0.006 mg/mL) and its reduced product, MBAP-1R (CH50: 0.207 ± 0.008 mg/mL), indicating that multiple monosaccharides and uronic acids might contribute to the anticomplement activity of the flavonoid substituted polysaccharides of T. chinensis. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of MBAP-1 was also more potent than that of MBAP-2. In conclusion, these two flavonoid substituted polysaccharides from T. chinensis were found to be potential oxidant and complement inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yan Lu
- Correspondence: (D.C.); (Y.L.)
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Fan Z, Chen X, Liu T, Yu Q, Song Z, Wang F, Li T. Pectin oligosaccharides improved lipid metabolism in white adipose tissue of high-fat diet fed mice. Food Sci Biotechnol 2022; 31:1197-1205. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-022-01109-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Liu X, Liu J, Liu C, Zhang X, Zhao Z, Xu J, Zhang X, Zhou K, Gao P, Li D. Selenium-containing polysaccharides isolated from Rosa laevigata Michx fruits exhibit excellent anti-oxidant and neuroprotective activity in vitro. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:1222-1233. [PMID: 35472363 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Selenium-containing polysaccharides have potential as an organic selenium dietary supplement, owing to their low toxicity, few side effects, and easy absorption attributes. In this study, we isolated two novel homogeneous selenium-containing polysaccharides from Rosa laevigata Michx fruits (Se-RLFPs). Results from primary structural analysis revealed that Se-RLFPs were α - pyranose, and were both composed of rhamnose, xylose, glucose with an average molecular weight of 24 and 16 KDa, respectively. Selenium contents in Se-RLFP-I and Se-RLFP-II were 16.49 μg/g and 21.61 μg/g, respectively. Results from analysis of antioxidant and neuroprotective activity of the polysaccharides revealed that Se-RLFPs had a radical scavenging effect. Specifically, they effectively protected SH-SY5Y cells from H2O2-induced damage by enhancing antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and suppressing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Western blots showed that the underlying mechanisms of action may be related to the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Taken together, these results suggested that Se-RLFPs have potential as a pharmaceutical agent for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) or as a selenium-complementary ingredient in functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuegui Liu
- Institute of Functional Molecules, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, Liaoning 110142, PR China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Development of Boron and Magnesium Resources and Fine Chemical Technology, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, PR China
| | - Juan Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical and Biological Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, Liaoning 110142, PR China
| | - Changfeng Liu
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, PR China
| | - Xue Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical and Biological Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, Liaoning 110142, PR China
| | - Ziwei Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical and Biological Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, Liaoning 110142, PR China
| | - Jianing Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical and Biological Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, Liaoning 110142, PR China
| | - Xingyue Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical and Biological Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, Liaoning 110142, PR China
| | - Ke Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical and Biological Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, Liaoning 110142, PR China
| | - Pingyi Gao
- Institute of Functional Molecules, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, Liaoning 110142, PR China; College of Pharmaceutical and Biological Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, Liaoning 110142, PR China.
| | - Danqi Li
- Institute of Functional Molecules, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, Liaoning 110142, PR China; Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Green Functional Molecular Design and Development, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, PR China.
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Qu D, Hu H, Lian S, Sun W, Si H. The Protective Effects of Three Polysaccharides From Abrus cantoniensis Against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppression and Oxidative Damage. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:870042. [PMID: 35585861 PMCID: PMC9108546 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.870042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to systematically elucidate the immunomodulatory and antioxidant effects of three polysaccharide fractions (ACP60, ACP80, and ACPt2) from Abrus cantoniensis on cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppressive mice. The experimental mice were divided into 12 groups, then modeled and administrated with different doses of three polysaccharides (50, 150, 300 mg/kg/day) by gavage. The results showed that ACP could markedly recover the CTX-induced decline in immune organ and hemocytes indexes and promote proliferation of splenocytes, earlap swelling rate, secretion of cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6), and immunoglobulin (Ig-M and Ig-G). Additionally, ACP improved the enzymatic activities of T-SOD and GSH-PX greatly, while the level of MDA was significantly decreased in the liver. In particular, ACPt2 had higher immunomodulatory and antioxidant activities than ACP60 and ACP80. Based on the present findings, ACP could be utilized as an efficacious candidate for immunomodulators and antioxidants, which provide a new application prospect in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongshuai Qu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Hongjie Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Shuaitao Lian
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Wenjing Sun
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Biology & Pharmacy, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, China
- Wenjing Sun
| | - Hongbin Si
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- *Correspondence: Hongbin Si
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Li Q, Liu W, Feng Y, Hou H, Zhang Z, Yu Q, Zhou Y, Luo Q, Luo Y, Ouyang H, Zhang H, Zhu W. Radix Puerariae thomsonii polysaccharide (RPP) improves inflammation and lipid peroxidation in alcohol and high-fat diet mice by regulating gut microbiota. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:858-870. [PMID: 35439478 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharides are the important active constituents of Radix Puerariae thomsonii. Numerous studies have shown that polysaccharides can regulate gut microbiota, repair intestinal barrier, and affect the microbiota-intestine-liver axis, thereby showing therapeutic effects on metabolic disorders. In this study, Radix Puerariae thomsonii polysaccharide (RPP) was extracted from Radix Puerariae thomsonii. The average Mw of RPP was determined to be 1.09 × 105 Da and the monosaccharide composition showed it consisted of glucose. The effects and underlying mechanisms of RPP on fatty liver were studied using C57/BL6J mice induced by alcohol and high-fat diet. The results showed that the oral supplementation of RPP could alleviate alcohol and high-fat diet-induced hepatic injury and steatosis. RPP also promoted intestinal barrier integrity and reduced inflammation through NF-κB signaling pathway. RPP could ameliorate the lipid peroxidation by AMPK/NADPH oxidase signaling pathway. Additionally, these improvements might be related to the enrichment of intestinal bacteria Parabacteroides (promote intestinal barrier integrity) and Prevotellaceae UCG 001 (activation of AMPK signaling pathway). These results demonstrated that RPP could improve inflammation and lipid peroxidation in the alcohol and high-fat diet mouse by restoring the intestinal barrier integrity and regulating the gut microbiota. This suggested that RPP was a potential food supplement for the treatment of fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Li
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 818 Yunwan Road, Nanchang 330002, PR China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Research and Development Department, Jiangzhong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., No.1899 Meiling Road, Nanchang 330103, PR China
| | - Yulin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, No. 56 Yangming Road, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Hengwei Hou
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 818 Yunwan Road, Nanchang 330002, PR China
| | - Zhuang Zhang
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 818 Yunwan Road, Nanchang 330002, PR China
| | - Qingqing Yu
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 818 Yunwan Road, Nanchang 330002, PR China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 818 Yunwan Road, Nanchang 330002, PR China
| | - Quan Luo
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 818 Yunwan Road, Nanchang 330002, PR China
| | - Yingying Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, No. 56 Yangming Road, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Hui Ouyang
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 818 Yunwan Road, Nanchang 330002, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, No. 56 Yangming Road, Nanchang 330006, PR China.
| | - Hua Zhang
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 818 Yunwan Road, Nanchang 330002, PR China.
| | - Weifeng Zhu
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 818 Yunwan Road, Nanchang 330002, PR China; Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Chinese Medicine of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 818 Yunwan Road, Nanchang 330002, PR China.
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Liu Z, Liu Z, Li L, Zhang J, Zhao Q, Lin N, Zhong W, Jiang M. Immunomodulatory effects of the polysaccharide from Sinonovacula constricta on RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:1093-1102. [PMID: 35432971 PMCID: PMC9007286 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of the polysaccharide from Sinonovacula constricta (SCP‐1‐1) in RAW264.7 cells. SCP‐1‐1 with a molecular weight of 440.0 kDa consisted of glucose and mannose. The immunomodulatory assay results showed that SCP‐1‐1 could significantly enhance phagocytic ability, NO production, and some cytokines (TNF‐α, IL‐6, and IL‐1β) secretion of RAW264.7 cell in a dose‐dependent manner. Western blot analysis results demonstrated that SCP‐1‐1 could regulate the expression levels of the key proteins in the signaling pathways of RAW264.7 cell and might associated with NF‐κβ and PI3K signaling pathway. These findings could contribute to elucidate the immunomodulatory activities of the polysaccharide from Sinonovacula constricta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhidong Liu
- East China Sea Fishery Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Shanghai China
| | - Zhifang Liu
- East China Sea Fishery Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Shanghai China
| | - Laihao Li
- South China Sea Fishery Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Guangzhou China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering Jiangsu Ocean University Lianyungang China
| | - Qiancheng Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering Dalian Ocean University Dalian China
| | - Na Lin
- East China Sea Fishery Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Shanghai China
| | - Wenzhu Zhong
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Shanghai China
| | - Mei Jiang
- East China Sea Fishery Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Shanghai China
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Feng Y, Qiu Y, Duan Y, He Y, Xiang H, Sun W, Zhang H, Ma H. Characterization, antioxidant, antineoplastic and immune activities of selenium modified Sagittaria sagittifolia L. polysaccharides. Food Res Int 2022; 153:110913. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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41
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Qin W, Guo J, Gou W, Wu S, Guo N, Zhao Y, Hou W. Molecular mechanisms of isoflavone puerarin against cardiovascular diseases: What we know and where we go. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2022; 14:234-243. [PMID: 36117660 PMCID: PMC9476793 DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
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Xie L, Huang Z, Meng H, Shi X, Xie J. Immunomodulation effect of polysaccharides from liquid fermentation of Monascus purpureus 40269 via membrane TLR-4 to activate the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 201:480-491. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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43
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Li K, Li XQ, Li GX, Cui LJ, Qin XM, Li ZY, Du YG, Liu YT, Li AP, Zhao XY, Fan XH. Relationship Between the Structure and Immune Activity of Components From the Active Polysaccharides APS-II of Astragali Radix by Enzymolysis of Endo α-1,4-Glucanase. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:839635. [PMID: 35281923 PMCID: PMC8913491 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.839635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Astragali Radix polysaccharides (APSs) have a wide range of biological activities. Our preliminary experiment showed that APS-Ⅱ (10 kDa) was the main immunologically active component of APSs. However, the characteristic structure related to activity of APS-Ⅱ needs further verification and clarification. In this study, APS-II was degraded by endo α-1,4-glucosidase. The degraded products with different degrees of polymerization [1–3 (P1), 3–6 (P2), 7–14 (P3), and 10–18 (P4)] were obtained using a polyacrylamide gel chromatography column. The structural features of the different products were characterized by HPGPC, monosaccharide composition, Fourier transform infrared spectrum, GC–MS, nuclear magnetic resonance, and UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS analysis. Specific immune and non-specific immune cell tests were used to identify the most immunogenic fractions of the products. The backbone of P4 was speculated to be α-D-1,4-linked glucans and rich in C2 (25.34%) and C6 (34.54%) branches. Immune screening experiments indicated that the activity of P4 was better than that of APS-II and the other three components. In this research, the relationship between the structure of APS-Ⅱ and the immune activity from the degradation level of polysaccharides was studied, laying a foundation for the quality control and product development of APSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Active Constituents Research and Utilization of TCM, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- *Correspondence: Ke Li, ; Yu-guang Du,
| | - Xue-qin Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Active Constituents Research and Utilization of TCM, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Guang-xin Li
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lian-jie Cui
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Active Constituents Research and Utilization of TCM, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xue-mei Qin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Active Constituents Research and Utilization of TCM, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhen-yu Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Active Constituents Research and Utilization of TCM, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yu-guang Du
- Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Ke Li, ; Yu-guang Du,
| | - Yue-tao Liu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Active Constituents Research and Utilization of TCM, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ai-ping Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Active Constituents Research and Utilization of TCM, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xing-yun Zhao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Active Constituents Research and Utilization of TCM, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xin-hui Fan
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Active Constituents Research and Utilization of TCM, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
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Mohanta B, Sen DJ, Mahanti B, Nayak AK. Antioxidant potential of herbal polysaccharides: An overview on recent researches. SENSORS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2022.100158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Li Y, Li M, Xu B, Li Z, Qi Y, Song Z, Zhao Q, Du B, Yang Y. The current status and future perspective in combination of the processing technologies of sulfated polysaccharides from sea cucumbers: A comprehensive review. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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Luo D, Dong X, Huang J, Huang C, Fang G, Huang Y. Pueraria lobata root polysaccharide alleviates glucose and lipid metabolic dysfunction in diabetic db/db mice. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2021; 59:382-390. [PMID: 33794128 PMCID: PMC8018507 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1898648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi (Fabaceae) root extract can lower blood glucose levels; however, whether Pueraria lobata root polysaccharide (PLP) possesses these effects is still unknown. OBJECTIVE This study evaluates the therapeutic effect of PLP on diabetic metabolic syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHODS The db/m mice were assigned to normal control group (NC), db/db mice were divided into four groups randomly (n = 8). The db/db mice received rosiglitazone (10 mg/kg BW) or PLP (100 or 200 mg/kg BW) via oral gavage for 6 weeks. Afterward, blood glucose, insulin, and glycogen content were assayed, and insulin tolerance test (ITT), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were performed. Glucose and lipid metabolism-related parameters and gene expression levels were assayed by ELISA and RT-PCR, respectively. RESULTS After treatment with HPLP, the values of body weight, epididymal fat, subcutaneous fat, fasting blood glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR decreased to 45.89 ± 1.66 g, 1.65 ± 0.14 g, 1.97 ± 0.16 g, 14.84 ± 1.52 mM, 9.35 ± 0.98 mU/L, and 5.56 ± 1.26, respectively; the levels of TG, TC, LDL-C, and FFA decreased to 1.67 ± 0.11 mmol/L, 6.23 ± 0.76 mmol/L, 1.29 ± 0.07 mmol/L, and 1.71 ± 0.16 mmol/L, respectively. HPLP down-regulated PEPCK, G6PC, FOXO1, SREBP-1, and ACC mRNA expression (p < 0.01), and up-regulated GS, Akt2, PI3K, GLUT2, PPARα, and LDLR mRNA expression in the liver (p < 0.01). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION PLP exerts antidiabetic effects via activating the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway, thus improving insulin resistance, glucose, and lipid metabolism in db/db mice. Thus, PLP may be considered as a potential antidiabetic agent in clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xiaokang Dong
- Department of Cardiovascular, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Jie Huang
- School of Health, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Chengcheng Huang
- Clinical Education Management Division, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Guowei Fang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yanqin Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
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Hu D, Su F, Yang G, Wang J, Zhang Y. Purification, Structural Characterization, and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of a Novel Polysaccharide Isolated from Orostachys fimbriata. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237116. [PMID: 34885697 PMCID: PMC8659062 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study elucidated the structural characteristics and anti-inflammatory activity of a novel polysaccharide isolated from Orostachys fimbriata, which is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant. O. fimbriata polysaccharide (OFP) was extracted and subsequently purified by chromatography using a DEAE cellulose-52 and Sephadex G-75 column. The molecular weight was determined as 6.2 kDa. HPGPC and monosaccharide composition analysis revealed a homogeneous polysaccharide containing only Glc. Chromatography and spectral analysis showed that the possible chemical structure consisted of →4)-α-Glcp-(1→ and a small quantity of →4,6)-β-Glcp-(1→ in the main chain and →6)-β-Glcp-(1→, α-Glcp-(1→, and β-Glcp-(1→ in the side chain. Morphological analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) indicated that OFP had a multi-branched structure, and the sugar chain molecules of polysaccharide appeared aggregated. OFP was found to exhibit anti-inflammatory activity by reducing the secretion of inflammatory factors in RAW264.7 cells and by decreasing the extent of xylene-induced ear swelling in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Datong Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (D.H.); (F.S.); (G.Y.)
| | - Fan Su
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (D.H.); (F.S.); (G.Y.)
| | - Gan Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (D.H.); (F.S.); (G.Y.)
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (D.H.); (F.S.); (G.Y.)
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yingying Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (Y.Z.)
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Dong Z, Dong G, Lai F, Wu H, Zhan Q. Purification and comparative study of bioactivities of a natural selenized polysaccharide from Ganoderma Lucidum mycelia. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 190:101-112. [PMID: 34478790 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The development of selenized polysaccharides is a promising strategy for the dietary selenium supplementation. The purpose of this research is to determine the influence of selenium on the structure and bioactivity of a polysaccharide fraction (MPN) isolated from Ganoderma lucidum mycelia. After biological selenium enrichment, the selenium content in the selenized polysaccharide (SeMPN) was 18.91 ± 1.8 μg/g. SeMPN had a slightly lower molecular weight than MPN, but the carbohydrate content and monosaccharide composition remained identical. Additionally, the band at 606 cm-1 in MPN changed to 615 cm-1 in SeMPN as revealed by FT-IR spectra. No significant changes were observed in the types and ratios of glycosidic linkages, as determined by NMR spectroscopy. Extracellular and intracellular antioxidant assays demonstrated that SeMPN was more effective than MPN in scavenging free radicals, inhibiting AAPH-induced erythrocyte hemolysis, and protecting catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in H2O2-injured PC12 cells. Additionally, SeMPN had a higher increase effect on RAW 264.7 cells's pinocytic and phagocytic capacity, as well as their production of NO, TNF-α, and IL-6. SeMPN could be as potential functional selenium supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Dong
- College of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Gang Dong
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Furao Lai
- College of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Hui Wu
- College of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China.
| | - Qiping Zhan
- College of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Zhang ZT, Guo N, Zhuang GD, Deng SM, He WJ, Chen ZQ, Xu YH, Tang D, Wang SM. Metabolic Profiling of Carbonyl Compounds for Unveiling Protective Mechanisms of Pueraria lobata against Diabetic Nephropathy by UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS/MS Analysis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:10943-10951. [PMID: 34514791 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c03582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Carbonyl compounds play a critical role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Pueraria lobata (PL), also known as "Kudzu", is a widely consumed functional food or nutraceutical and has shown promise in the prevention of diabetes and complications such as DN. To explore the beneficial effects and the underlying mechanisms of PL against DN, a new strategy for in-depth metabolic profiling of carbonyl compounds in DN mice plasma by chemical derivatization combined with UPLC-Q-Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS)/MS analysis was developed for the first time. Pharmacological evaluation revealed that PL extracts containing a total of 73 identified compounds could ameliorate kidney injury and regulate abnormal glycolipid metabolism. In metabolomics analysis, 19 carbonyl compounds with significant differences were identified between DN mice and normal mice. Moreover, 12 metabolites had a tendency to return to normal levels after PL treatment. Overall, PL exerts beneficial effects on DN by regulating abnormal glycolipid metabolism and carbonyl stress, and endogenous carbonyl compounds might serve as potential biomarkers for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Tong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ning Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Guo-Dong Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Si-Min Deng
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wen-Jiao He
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhi-Quan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - You-Hua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Dan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shu-Mei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Zhu L, Li W, Fan Z, Ye X, Lin R, Ban M, Ren L, Chen X, Zhang D. Immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharide from Arca granosa Linnaeus via TLR4/MyD88/NFκB and TLR4/TRIF signaling pathways. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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