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Zhao Y, Caron C, Chan YY, Lee CK, Xu X, Zhang J, Masubuchi T, Wu C, Bui JD, Hui E. cis-B7:CD28 interactions at invaginated synaptic membranes provide CD28 co-stimulation and promote CD8 + T cell function and anti-tumor immunity. Immunity 2023; 56:1187-1203.e12. [PMID: 37160118 PMCID: PMC10330546 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
B7 ligands (CD80 and CD86), expressed by professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs), activate the main co-stimulatory receptor CD28 on T cells in trans. However, in peripheral tissues, APCs expressing B7 ligands are relatively scarce. This raises the questions of whether and how CD28 co-stimulation occurs in peripheral tissues. Here, we report that CD8+ T cells displayed B7 ligands that interacted with CD28 in cis at membrane invaginations of the immunological synapse as a result of membrane remodeling driven by phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) and sorting-nexin-9 (SNX9). cis-B7:CD28 interactions triggered CD28 signaling through protein kinase C theta (PKCθ) and promoted CD8+ T cell survival, migration, and cytokine production. In mouse tumor models, loss of T cell-intrinsic cis-B7:CD28 interactions decreased intratumoral T cells and accelerated tumor growth. Thus, B7 ligands on CD8+ T cells can evoke cell-autonomous CD28 co-stimulation in cis in peripheral tissues, suggesting cis-signaling as a general mechanism for boosting T cell functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Zhao
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Christine Caron
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Ya-Yuan Chan
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Calvin K Lee
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Xiaozheng Xu
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jibin Zhang
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Takeya Masubuchi
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Chuan Wu
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jack D Bui
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Enfu Hui
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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2
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Liang X, Du L, Fan Y. The potential of FCRL genes as targets for cancer treatment: insights from bioinformatics and immunology. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:204766. [PMID: 37285836 PMCID: PMC10292877 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a prevalent and dangerous disease that requires a multifaceted approach to treatment. The FCRL family gene has been linked to immune function and tumor progression. Bioinformatics may help unravel their role in cancer treatment. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of the FCRL family genes in pan-cancer using publicly available databases and online tools. Specifically, we examined gene expression, prognostic significance, mutation profiles, drug resistance, as well as biological and immunomodulatory roles. Our data were sourced from The Cancer Genome Atlas, Genotype-Tissue Expression, cBioPortal, STRING, GSCALite, Cytoscape, and R software. The expression of FCRL genes varies significantly across different tumor types and normal tissues. While high expression of most FCRL genes is associated with a protective effect in many cancers, FCRLB appears to be a risk factor in several types of cancer. Alterations in FCRL family genes, particularly through amplification and mutation, are common in cancers. These genes are closely linked to classical cancer pathways such as apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), estrogen receptor (ER) signaling, and DNA damage response. Enrichment analysis indicates that FCRL family genes are predominantly associated with immune cell activation and differentiation. Immunological assays demonstrate a strong positive correlation between FCRL family genes and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), immunostimulators, and immunoinhibitors. Furthermore, FCRL family genes can enhance the sensitivity of various anticancer drugs. The FCRL family genes are vital in cancer pathogenesis and progression. Targeting these genes in conjunction with immunotherapy could enhance cancer treatment efficacy. Further research is required to determine their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lei Du
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yuchao Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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3
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Olayinka-Adefemi F, Hou S, Marshall AJ. Dual inhibition of phosphoinositide 3-kinases delta and gamma reduces chronic B cell activation and autoantibody production in a mouse model of lupus. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1115244. [PMID: 37234154 PMCID: PMC10206234 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1115244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase delta (PI3Kδ) plays key roles in normal B cell activation and is chronically activated in malignant B cells. Targeting of PI3Kδ using FDA-approved drugs Idelalisib or Umbralisib has shown efficacy in treatment of multiple B cell malignancies. Duvelisib, an inhibitor targeting both PI3Kδ and PI3Kγ (PI3Kδγi) has also been used for treatment of several leukemias and lymphomas and was suggested to offer potential additional benefits in supressing T cell and inflammatory responses. Transcriptomics analyses indicated that while most B cell subsets predominantly express PI3Kδ, plasma cells upregulate PI3Kγ. We thus assessed whether PI3Kδγi treatment can impact chronic B cell activation in the context of an autoantibody-mediated disease. Using the TAPP1R218LxTAPP2R211L (TAPP KI) mouse model of lupus-like disease driven by dysregulated PI3K pathway activity, we performed 4 week PI3Kδγi treatments and found significant reduction in CD86+ B cells, germinal center B cells, follicular helper T cells and plasma cells in multiple tissues. This treatment also significantly attenuated the abnormally elevated serum levels of IgG isotypes observed in this model. The profile of autoantibodies generated was markedly altered by PI3Kδγi treatment, with significant reductions in IgM and IgG targeting nuclear antigens, matrix proteins and other autoantigens. Kidney pathology was also impacted, with reduced IgG deposition and glomerulonephritis. These results indicate that dual inhibition of PI3Kδ and PI3Kγ can target autoreactive B cells and may have therapeutic benefits in autoantibody-mediated disease.
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4
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Hortal AM, Oeste CL, Cifuentes C, Alcoceba M, Fernández-Pisonero I, Clavaín L, Tercero R, Mendoza P, Domínguez V, García-Flores M, Pintado B, Abia D, García-Macías C, Navarro-Bailón A, Bustelo XR, González M, Alarcón B. Overexpression of wild type RRAS2, without oncogenic mutations, drives chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:35. [PMID: 35120522 PMCID: PMC8815240 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01496-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most frequent, and still incurable, form of leukemia in the Western World. It is widely accepted that cancer results from an evolutionary process shaped by the acquisition of driver mutations which confer selective growth advantage to cells that harbor them. Clear examples are missense mutations in classic RAS genes (KRAS, HRAS and NRAS) that underlie the development of approximately 13% of human cancers. Although autonomous B cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling is involved and mutations in many tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes have been identified, an oncogenic driver gene has not still been identified for CLL. Methods Conditional knock-in mice were generated to overexpress wild type RRAS2 and prove its driver role. RT-qPCR analysis of a human CLL sample cohort was carried out to measure RRAS2 transcriptional expression. Sanger DNA sequencing was used to identify a SNP in the 3’UTR region of RRAS2 in human CLL samples. RNAseq of murine CLL was carried out to identify activated pathways, molecular mechanisms and to pinpoint somatic mutations accompanying RRAS2 overexpression. Flow cytometry was used for phenotypic characterization and shRNA techniques to knockdown RRAS2 expression in human CLL. Results RRAS2 mRNA is found overexpressed in its wild type form in 82% of the human CLL samples analyzed (n = 178, mean and median = 5-fold) as well as in the explored metadata. A single nucleotide polymorphism (rs8570) in the 3’UTR of the RRAS2 mRNA has been identified in CLL patients, linking higher expression of RRAS2 with more aggressive disease. Deliberate overexpression of wild type RRAS2 in mice, but not an oncogenic Q72L mutation in the coding sequence, provokes the development of CLL. Overexpression of wild type RRAS2 in mice is accompanied by a strong convergent selection of somatic mutations in genes that have been identified in human CLL. R-RAS2 protein is physically bound to the BCR and mediates BCR signals in CLL. Conclusions The results indicate that overexpression of wild type RRAS2 is behind the development of CLL. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12943-022-01496-x.
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5
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Bier J, Deenick EK. The role of dysregulated PI3Kdelta signaling in human autoimmunity*. Immunol Rev 2022; 307:134-144. [DOI: 10.1111/imr.13067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Bier
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research Darlinghurst New South Wales Australia
- St Vincent’s Clinical School Faculty of Medicine and Health UNSW Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Elissa K. Deenick
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research Darlinghurst New South Wales Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health UNSW Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
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6
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Deenick EK, Bier J, Lau A. PI3K Isoforms in B Cells. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2022; 436:235-254. [PMID: 36243847 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-06566-8_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases (PI3K) control many aspects of cellular activation and differentiation and play an important role in B cells biology. Three different classes of PI3K have been described, all of which are expressed in B cells. However, it is the class IA PI3Ks, and the p110δ catalytic subunit in particular, which seem to play the most critical role in B cells. Here we discuss the important role that class IA PI3K plays in B cell development, activation and differentiation, as well as examine what is known about the other classes of PI3Ks in B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elissa K Deenick
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Julia Bier
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anthony Lau
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
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7
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Sumaria N, Martin S, Pennington DJ. Constrained TCRγδ-associated Syk activity engages PI3K to facilitate thymic development of IL-17A-secreting γδ T cells. Sci Signal 2021; 14:14/692/eabc5884. [PMID: 34285131 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abc5884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Murine γδ17 cells, which are T cells that bear the γδ T cell receptor (TCRγδ) and secrete interleukin-17A (IL-17A), are generated in the thymus and are critical for various immune responses. Although strong TCRγδ signals are required for the development of interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-secreting γδ cells (γδIFN cells), the generation of γδ17 cells requires weaker TCRγδ signaling. Here, we demonstrated that constrained activation of the kinase Syk downstream of TCRγδ was required for the thymic development of γδ17 cells. Increasing or decreasing Syk activity by stimulating TCRγδ or inhibiting Syk, respectively, substantially reduced γδ17 cell numbers. This delimited Syk activity optimally engaged the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt signaling pathway, which maintained the expression of master regulators of the IL-17 program, RORγt and c-Maf. Inhibition of PI3K not only abrogated γδ17 cell development but also augmented the development of a distinct, previously undescribed subset of γδ T cells. These CD8+Ly6a+ γδ T cells had a type-I IFN gene expression signature and expanded in response to stimulation with IFN-β. Collectively, these studies elucidate how weaker TCRγδ signaling engages distinct signaling pathways to specify the γδ17 cell fate and identifies a role for type-I IFNs in γδ T cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nital Sumaria
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, 4 Newark Street, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Stefania Martin
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, 4 Newark Street, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Daniel J Pennington
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, 4 Newark Street, London E1 2AT, UK.
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8
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Spinelli L, Marchingo JM, Nomura A, Damasio MP, Cantrell DA. Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase p110 Delta Differentially Restrains and Directs Naïve Versus Effector CD8 + T Cell Transcriptional Programs. Front Immunol 2021; 12:691997. [PMID: 34220851 PMCID: PMC8250422 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.691997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase p110 delta (PI3K p110δ) is pivotal for CD8+ T cell immune responses. The current study explores PI3K p110δ induction and repression of antigen receptor and cytokine regulated programs to inform how PI3K p110δ directs CD8+ T cell fate. The studies force a revision of the concept that PI3K p110δ controls metabolic pathways in T cells and reveal major differences in PI3K p110δ regulated transcriptional programs between naïve and effector cytotoxic T cells (CTL). These differences include differential control of the expression of cytolytic effector molecules and costimulatory receptors. Key insights from the work include that PI3K p110δ signalling pathways repress expression of the critical inhibitory receptors CTLA4 and SLAMF6 in CTL. Moreover, in both naïve and effector T cells the dominant role for PI3K p110δ is to restrain the production of the chemokines that orchestrate communication between adaptive and innate immune cells. The study provides a comprehensive resource for understanding how PI3K p110δ uses multiple processes mediated by Protein Kinase B/AKT, FOXO1 dependent and independent mechanisms and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) to direct CD8+ T cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Doreen A. Cantrell
- Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
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9
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Luff DH, Wojdyla K, Oxley D, Chessa T, Hudson K, Hawkins PT, Stephens LR, Barry ST, Okkenhaug K. PI3Kδ Forms Distinct Multiprotein Complexes at the TCR Signalosome in Naïve and Differentiated CD4 + T Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:631271. [PMID: 33763075 PMCID: PMC7982423 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.631271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) play a central role in adaptive immunity by transducing signals from the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) via production of PIP3. PI3Kδ is a heterodimer composed of a p110δ catalytic subunit associated with a p85α or p85β regulatory subunit and is preferentially engaged by the TCR upon T cell activation. The molecular mechanisms leading to PI3Kδ recruitment and activation at the TCR signalosome remain unclear. In this study, we have used quantitative mass spectrometry, biochemical approaches and CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing to uncover the p110δ interactome in primary CD4+ T cells. Moreover, we have determined how the PI3Kδ interactome changes upon the differentiation of small naïve T cells into T cell blasts expanded in the presence of IL-2. Our interactomic analyses identified multiple constitutive and inducible PI3Kδ-interacting proteins, some of which were common to naïve and previously-activated T cells. Our data reveals that PI3Kδ rapidly interacts with as many as seven adaptor proteins upon TCR engagement, including the Gab-family proteins, GAB2 and GAB3, a CD5-CBL signalosome and the transmembrane proteins ICOS and TRIM. Our results also suggest that PI3Kδ pre-forms complexes with the adaptors SH3KBP1 and CRKL in resting cells that could facilitate the localization and activation of p110δ at the plasma membrane by forming ternary complexes during early TCR signalling. Furthermore, we identify interactions that were not previously known to occur in CD4+ T cells, involving BCAP, GAB3, IQGAP3 and JAML. We used CRISPR-Cas9-mediated gene knockout in primary T cells to confirm that BCAP is a positive regulator of PI3K-AKT signalling in CD4+ T cell blasts. Overall, our results provide evidence for a large protein network that regulates the recruitment and activation of PI3Kδ in T cells. Finally, this work shows how the PI3Kδ interactome is remodeled as CD4+ T cells differentiate from naïve T cells to activated T cell blasts. These activated T cells upregulate additional PI3Kδ adaptor proteins, including BCAP, GAB2, IQGAP3 and ICOS. This rewiring of TCR-PI3K signalling that occurs upon T cell differentiation may serve to reduce the threshold of activation and diversify the inputs for the PI3K pathway in effector T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisy H Luff
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Katarzyna Wojdyla
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Signalling Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - David Oxley
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Tamara Chessa
- Signalling Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Hudson
- Bioscience, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Phillip T Hawkins
- Signalling Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Len R Stephens
- Signalling Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Simon T Barry
- Bioscience, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Klaus Okkenhaug
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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10
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Structurally novel PI3Kδ/γ dual inhibitors characterized by a seven-membered spirocyclic spacer: The SARs investigation and PK evaluation. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 191:112143. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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11
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Young RM, Phelan JD, Wilson WH, Staudt LM. Pathogenic B-cell receptor signaling in lymphoid malignancies: New insights to improve treatment. Immunol Rev 2020; 291:190-213. [PMID: 31402495 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Signals emanating from the B-cell receptor (BCR) promote proliferation and survival in diverse forms of B-cell lymphoma. Precision medicine strategies targeting the BCR pathway have been generally effective in treating lymphoma, but often fail to produce durable responses in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), a common and aggressive cancer. New insights into DLBCL biology garnered from genomic analyses and functional proteogenomic studies have identified novel modes of BCR signaling in this disease. Herein, we describe the distinct roles of antigen-dependent and antigen-independent BCR signaling in different subtypes of DLBCL. We highlight mechanisms by which the BCR cooperates with TLR9 and mutant isoforms of MYD88 to drive sustained NF-κB activity in the activated B-cell-like (ABC) subtype of DLBCL. Finally, we discuss progress in detecting and targeting oncogenic BCR signaling to improve the survival of patients with lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Young
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - James D Phelan
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Wyndham H Wilson
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Louis M Staudt
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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12
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Rodriguez R, Fournier B, Cordeiro DJ, Winter S, Izawa K, Martin E, Boutboul D, Lenoir C, Fraitag S, Kracker S, Watts TH, Picard C, Bruneau J, Callebaut I, Fischer A, Neven B, Latour S. Concomitant PIK3CD and TNFRSF9 deficiencies cause chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection of T cells. J Exp Med 2019; 216:2800-2818. [PMID: 31537641 PMCID: PMC6888974 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20190678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of biallelic loss-of-function mutations in TNFRSF9 and PIK3CD in a kindred with chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection of T cells (CAEBV) suggests that CAEBV is the consequence of factors providing growth advantage to EBV-infected T cells combined with defective cell immunity toward EBV-infected cells. Infection of T cells by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) causes chronic active EBV infection (CAEBV) characterized by T cell lymphoproliferative disorders (T-LPD) of unclear etiology. Here, we identified two homozygous biallelic loss-of-function mutations in PIK3CD and TNFRSF9 in a patient who developed a fatal CAEBV. The mutation in TNFRSF9 gene coding CD137/4-1BB, a costimulatory molecule expressed by antigen-specific activated T cells, resulted in a complete loss of CD137 expression and impaired T cell expansion toward CD137 ligand–expressing cells. Isolated as observed in one sibling, CD137 deficiency resulted in persistent EBV-infected T cells but without clinical manifestations. The mutation in PIK3CD gene that encodes the catalytic subunit p110δ of the PI3K significantly reduced its kinase activity. Deficient T cells for PIK3CD exhibited reduced AKT signaling, while calcium flux, RAS-MAPK activation, and proliferation were increased, suggestive of an imbalance between the PLCγ1 and PI3K pathways. These skewed signals in T cells may sustain accumulation of EBV-infected T cells, a process controlled by the CD137–CD137L pathway, highlighting its critical role in immunity to EBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémy Rodriguez
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV Infection, Institut National de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1163, Paris, France.,University Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Fournier
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV Infection, Institut National de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1163, Paris, France.,University Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Debora Jorge Cordeiro
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV Infection, Institut National de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1163, Paris, France.,University Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Sarah Winter
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV Infection, Institut National de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1163, Paris, France.,University Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Kazushi Izawa
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV Infection, Institut National de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1163, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Martin
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV Infection, Institut National de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1163, Paris, France
| | - David Boutboul
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV Infection, Institut National de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1163, Paris, France.,University Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Christelle Lenoir
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV Infection, Institut National de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1163, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Fraitag
- Department of Pathology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Sven Kracker
- University Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Human Lymphohematopoiesis, Institut National de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1163, Paris, France
| | - Tania H Watts
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Capucine Picard
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV Infection, Institut National de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1163, Paris, France.,University Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Centre d'Etude des Déficits Immunitaires, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.,Department of Pediatric Immunology, Hematology and Rheumatology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Julie Bruneau
- University Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Department of Pathology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Callebaut
- Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 7590, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, Paris, France
| | - Alain Fischer
- University Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Department of Pediatric Immunology, Hematology and Rheumatology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.,Collège de France, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1163, Paris, France
| | - Bénédicte Neven
- University Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Department of Pediatric Immunology, Hematology and Rheumatology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Latour
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV Infection, Institut National de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1163, Paris, France .,University Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
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13
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Buchanan CM, Lee KL, Shepherd PR. For Better or Worse: The Potential for Dose Limiting the On-Target Toxicity of PI 3-Kinase Inhibitors. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9090402. [PMID: 31443495 PMCID: PMC6770514 DOI: 10.3390/biom9090402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The hyper-activation of the phosphoinositide (PI) 3-kinase signaling pathway is a hallmark of many cancers and overgrowth syndromes, and as a result, there has been intense interest in the development of drugs that target the various isoforms of PI 3-kinase. Given the key role PI 3-kinases play in many normal cell functions, there is significant potential for the disruption of essential cellular functions by PI 3-kinase inhibitors in normal tissues; so-called on-target drug toxicity. It is, therefore, no surprise that progress within the clinical development of PI 3-kinase inhibitors as single-agent anti-cancer therapies has been slowed by the difficulty of identifying a therapeutic window. The aim of this review is to place the cellular, tissue and whole-body effects of PI 3-kinase inhibition in the context of understanding the potential for dose limiting on-target toxicities and to introduce possible strategies to overcome these.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina M Buchanan
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Kate L Lee
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Peter R Shepherd
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
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14
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Abstract
The discovery of interleukin-2 (IL-2) changed the molecular understanding of how the immune system is controlled. IL-2 is a pleiotropic cytokine, and dissecting the signaling pathways that allow IL-2 to control the differentiation and homeostasis of both pro- and anti-inflammatory T cells is fundamental to determining the molecular details of immune regulation. The IL-2 receptor couples to JAK tyrosine kinases and activates the STAT5 transcription factors. However, IL-2 does much more than control transcriptional programs; it is a key regulator of T cell metabolic programs. The development of global phosphoproteomic approaches has expanded the understanding of IL-2 signaling further, revealing the diversity of phosphoproteins that may be influenced by IL-2 in T cells. However, it is increasingly clear that within each T cell subset, IL-2 will signal within a framework of other signal transduction networks that together will shape the transcriptional and metabolic programs that determine T cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah H Ross
- Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, United Kingdom;
| | - Doreen A Cantrell
- Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, United Kingdom;
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15
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Hansen M, Peltier J, Killy B, Amin B, Bodendorfer B, Härtlova A, Uebel S, Bosmann M, Hofmann J, Büttner C, Ekici AB, Kuttke M, Franzyk H, Foged C, Beer-Hammer S, Schabbauer G, Trost M, Lang R. Macrophage Phosphoproteome Analysis Reveals MINCLE-dependent and -independent Mycobacterial Cord Factor Signaling. Mol Cell Proteomics 2019; 18:669-685. [PMID: 30635358 PMCID: PMC6442366 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra118.000929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune sensing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis relies on recognition by macrophages. Mycobacterial cord factor, trehalose-6,6'-dimycolate (TDM), is the most abundant cell wall glycolipid and binds to the C-type lectin receptor (CLR) MINCLE. To explore the kinase signaling linking the TDM-MINCLE interaction to gene expression, we employed quantitative phosphoproteome analysis. TDM caused upregulation of 6.7% and suppressed 3.8% of the 14,000 phospho-sites identified on 3727 proteins. MINCLE-dependent phosphorylation was observed for canonical players of CLR signaling (e.g. PLCγ, PKCδ), and was enriched for PKCδ and GSK3 kinase motifs. MINCLE-dependent activation of the PI3K-AKT-GSK3 pathway contributed to inflammatory gene expression and required the PI3K regulatory subunit p85α. Unexpectedly, a substantial fraction of TDM-induced phosphorylation was MINCLE-independent, a finding paralleled by transcriptome data. Bioinformatics analysis of both data sets concurred in the requirement for MINCLE for innate immune response pathways and processes. In contrast, MINCLE-independent phosphorylation and transcriptome responses were linked to cell cycle regulation. Collectively, our global analyses show substantial reprogramming of macrophages by TDM and reveal a dichotomy of MINCLE-dependent and -independent signaling linked to distinct biological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madlen Hansen
- From the ‡Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julian Peltier
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK
| | - Barbara Killy
- From the ‡Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bushra Amin
- Chair of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Barbara Bodendorfer
- From the ‡Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anetta Härtlova
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK
| | - Sebastian Uebel
- From the ‡Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus Bosmann
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Germany
| | - Jörg Hofmann
- Chair of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Büttner
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Arif B Ekici
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Mario Kuttke
- Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Henrik Franzyk
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Unversity of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Camilla Foged
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Unversity of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sandra Beer-Hammer
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomics and Drug Research, University of Tübingen
| | - Gernot Schabbauer
- Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Trost
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK
| | - Roland Lang
- From the ‡Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany;.
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16
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Jhamnani RD, Nunes-Santos CJ, Bergerson J, Rosenzweig SD. Class-Switch Recombination (CSR)/Hyper-IgM (HIGM) Syndromes and Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase (PI3K) Defects. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2172. [PMID: 30319630 PMCID: PMC6168630 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibody production and function represent an essential part of the immune response, particularly in fighting bacterial and viral infections. Multiple immunological phenotypes can result in dysregulation of the immune system humoral compartment, including class-switch recombination (CSR) defects associated with hyper-IgM (HIGM) syndromes. The CSR/HIGM syndromes are defined by the presence of normal or elevated plasma IgM levels in the context of low levels of switched IgG, IgA, and IgE isotypes. Recently described autosomal dominant gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in PIK3CD and PIK3R1 cause combined immunodeficiencies that can also present as CSR/HIGM defects. These defects, their pathophysiology and derived clinical manifestations are described in depth. Previously reported forms of CSR/HIGM syndromes are briefly reviewed and compared to the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway defects. Diseases involving the PI3K pathway represent a distinctive subset of CSR/HIGM syndromes, presenting with their own characteristic clinical and laboratory attributes as well as individual therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha D Jhamnani
- Allergy and Immunology Fellowship Program, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Cristiane J Nunes-Santos
- Immunology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Instituto da Crianca, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jenna Bergerson
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Sergio D Rosenzweig
- Immunology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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17
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Khindri S, Cahn A, Begg M, Montembault M, Leemereise C, Cui Y, Hogg A, Wajdner H, Yang S, Robertson J, Hamblin JN, Ludwig-Sengpiel A, Kornmann O, Hessel EM. A Multicentre, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study To Investigate the Efficacy, Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Repeat Doses of Inhaled Nemiralisib in Adults with Persistent, Uncontrolled Asthma. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2018; 367:405-413. [PMID: 30217958 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.118.249516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ (PI3Kδ) is a lipid kinase involved in leukocyte recruitment and activation. Activation of PI3Kδ has been linked to airway inflammation and asthma pathogenesis. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study investigated the efficacy, safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of a PI3Kδ inhibitor, nemiralisib (GSK2269557), in patients with persistent, uncontrolled asthma. Patients (n = 50) received once-daily inhaled nemiralisib (1000 µg) or placebo for 28 days, with a crossover to the alternative treatment following a 4-week washout period. Spirometry demonstrated no discernible difference in trough forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) from baseline (adjusted posterior median 7 ml; 95% credible interval -83, 102 ml) between nemiralisib and placebo treatment at day 28 (primary endpoint). These results were supported by most secondary endpoints, including weighted mean FEV1 (0-4 hours) and change in trough forced vital capacity at day 28. Nemiralisib was generally well-tolerated, with few side effects except for post-inhalation cough (nemiralisib: 35%; placebo: 9%). At day 14, sputum interleukin (IL)-5, IL-13, IL-6, and IL-8 levels were reduced by a median of 17%, 7%, 15%, and 8%, respectively, when comparing nemiralisib with placebo [n = 15 (IL-5, IL-8) or 16 (IL-6, IL-13); posterior probability of a true ratio >0%: 78%, 64%, 76%, and 63%, respectively]. These results suggest that nemiralisib inhibited PI3Kδ locally; however, this did not translate into meaningful clinical improvement. Further studies will investigate the potential efficacy of nemiralisib in patients with asthma with other specific more severe phenotypes, including those who are colonized with bacteria and frequently exacerbate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Khindri
- Respiratory Therapy Area Unit (S.K.), Clinical Pharmacology Science and Study Operations (M.M.), Global Clinical Safety and Pharmacovigilance (Y.C.), and Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulation, Quantitative Sciences, RD Projects Clinical Platforms and Sciences (S.Y.), GSK, Stockley Park, Uxbridge, Middlesex, United Kingdom; Discovery Medicine (A.C.), Refractory Respiratory Inflammation Discovery Performance Unit (M.B., H.W., J.N.H., E.M.H.), Clinical Pharmacology Science and Study Operations (A.H.), and Clinical Statistics (J.R.), GSK, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom; Clinical Operations Department, GSK, Zeist, The Netherlands (C.L.); KLB Gesundheitsforschung Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany (A.L.-S.); and IKF Pneumologie Frankfurt, Clinical Research Centre Respiratory Diseases, Frankfurt, Germany (O.K.)
| | - Anthony Cahn
- Respiratory Therapy Area Unit (S.K.), Clinical Pharmacology Science and Study Operations (M.M.), Global Clinical Safety and Pharmacovigilance (Y.C.), and Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulation, Quantitative Sciences, RD Projects Clinical Platforms and Sciences (S.Y.), GSK, Stockley Park, Uxbridge, Middlesex, United Kingdom; Discovery Medicine (A.C.), Refractory Respiratory Inflammation Discovery Performance Unit (M.B., H.W., J.N.H., E.M.H.), Clinical Pharmacology Science and Study Operations (A.H.), and Clinical Statistics (J.R.), GSK, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom; Clinical Operations Department, GSK, Zeist, The Netherlands (C.L.); KLB Gesundheitsforschung Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany (A.L.-S.); and IKF Pneumologie Frankfurt, Clinical Research Centre Respiratory Diseases, Frankfurt, Germany (O.K.)
| | - Malcolm Begg
- Respiratory Therapy Area Unit (S.K.), Clinical Pharmacology Science and Study Operations (M.M.), Global Clinical Safety and Pharmacovigilance (Y.C.), and Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulation, Quantitative Sciences, RD Projects Clinical Platforms and Sciences (S.Y.), GSK, Stockley Park, Uxbridge, Middlesex, United Kingdom; Discovery Medicine (A.C.), Refractory Respiratory Inflammation Discovery Performance Unit (M.B., H.W., J.N.H., E.M.H.), Clinical Pharmacology Science and Study Operations (A.H.), and Clinical Statistics (J.R.), GSK, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom; Clinical Operations Department, GSK, Zeist, The Netherlands (C.L.); KLB Gesundheitsforschung Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany (A.L.-S.); and IKF Pneumologie Frankfurt, Clinical Research Centre Respiratory Diseases, Frankfurt, Germany (O.K.)
| | - Mickael Montembault
- Respiratory Therapy Area Unit (S.K.), Clinical Pharmacology Science and Study Operations (M.M.), Global Clinical Safety and Pharmacovigilance (Y.C.), and Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulation, Quantitative Sciences, RD Projects Clinical Platforms and Sciences (S.Y.), GSK, Stockley Park, Uxbridge, Middlesex, United Kingdom; Discovery Medicine (A.C.), Refractory Respiratory Inflammation Discovery Performance Unit (M.B., H.W., J.N.H., E.M.H.), Clinical Pharmacology Science and Study Operations (A.H.), and Clinical Statistics (J.R.), GSK, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom; Clinical Operations Department, GSK, Zeist, The Netherlands (C.L.); KLB Gesundheitsforschung Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany (A.L.-S.); and IKF Pneumologie Frankfurt, Clinical Research Centre Respiratory Diseases, Frankfurt, Germany (O.K.)
| | - Claudia Leemereise
- Respiratory Therapy Area Unit (S.K.), Clinical Pharmacology Science and Study Operations (M.M.), Global Clinical Safety and Pharmacovigilance (Y.C.), and Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulation, Quantitative Sciences, RD Projects Clinical Platforms and Sciences (S.Y.), GSK, Stockley Park, Uxbridge, Middlesex, United Kingdom; Discovery Medicine (A.C.), Refractory Respiratory Inflammation Discovery Performance Unit (M.B., H.W., J.N.H., E.M.H.), Clinical Pharmacology Science and Study Operations (A.H.), and Clinical Statistics (J.R.), GSK, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom; Clinical Operations Department, GSK, Zeist, The Netherlands (C.L.); KLB Gesundheitsforschung Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany (A.L.-S.); and IKF Pneumologie Frankfurt, Clinical Research Centre Respiratory Diseases, Frankfurt, Germany (O.K.)
| | - Yi Cui
- Respiratory Therapy Area Unit (S.K.), Clinical Pharmacology Science and Study Operations (M.M.), Global Clinical Safety and Pharmacovigilance (Y.C.), and Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulation, Quantitative Sciences, RD Projects Clinical Platforms and Sciences (S.Y.), GSK, Stockley Park, Uxbridge, Middlesex, United Kingdom; Discovery Medicine (A.C.), Refractory Respiratory Inflammation Discovery Performance Unit (M.B., H.W., J.N.H., E.M.H.), Clinical Pharmacology Science and Study Operations (A.H.), and Clinical Statistics (J.R.), GSK, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom; Clinical Operations Department, GSK, Zeist, The Netherlands (C.L.); KLB Gesundheitsforschung Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany (A.L.-S.); and IKF Pneumologie Frankfurt, Clinical Research Centre Respiratory Diseases, Frankfurt, Germany (O.K.)
| | - Annabel Hogg
- Respiratory Therapy Area Unit (S.K.), Clinical Pharmacology Science and Study Operations (M.M.), Global Clinical Safety and Pharmacovigilance (Y.C.), and Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulation, Quantitative Sciences, RD Projects Clinical Platforms and Sciences (S.Y.), GSK, Stockley Park, Uxbridge, Middlesex, United Kingdom; Discovery Medicine (A.C.), Refractory Respiratory Inflammation Discovery Performance Unit (M.B., H.W., J.N.H., E.M.H.), Clinical Pharmacology Science and Study Operations (A.H.), and Clinical Statistics (J.R.), GSK, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom; Clinical Operations Department, GSK, Zeist, The Netherlands (C.L.); KLB Gesundheitsforschung Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany (A.L.-S.); and IKF Pneumologie Frankfurt, Clinical Research Centre Respiratory Diseases, Frankfurt, Germany (O.K.)
| | - Hannah Wajdner
- Respiratory Therapy Area Unit (S.K.), Clinical Pharmacology Science and Study Operations (M.M.), Global Clinical Safety and Pharmacovigilance (Y.C.), and Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulation, Quantitative Sciences, RD Projects Clinical Platforms and Sciences (S.Y.), GSK, Stockley Park, Uxbridge, Middlesex, United Kingdom; Discovery Medicine (A.C.), Refractory Respiratory Inflammation Discovery Performance Unit (M.B., H.W., J.N.H., E.M.H.), Clinical Pharmacology Science and Study Operations (A.H.), and Clinical Statistics (J.R.), GSK, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom; Clinical Operations Department, GSK, Zeist, The Netherlands (C.L.); KLB Gesundheitsforschung Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany (A.L.-S.); and IKF Pneumologie Frankfurt, Clinical Research Centre Respiratory Diseases, Frankfurt, Germany (O.K.)
| | - Shuying Yang
- Respiratory Therapy Area Unit (S.K.), Clinical Pharmacology Science and Study Operations (M.M.), Global Clinical Safety and Pharmacovigilance (Y.C.), and Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulation, Quantitative Sciences, RD Projects Clinical Platforms and Sciences (S.Y.), GSK, Stockley Park, Uxbridge, Middlesex, United Kingdom; Discovery Medicine (A.C.), Refractory Respiratory Inflammation Discovery Performance Unit (M.B., H.W., J.N.H., E.M.H.), Clinical Pharmacology Science and Study Operations (A.H.), and Clinical Statistics (J.R.), GSK, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom; Clinical Operations Department, GSK, Zeist, The Netherlands (C.L.); KLB Gesundheitsforschung Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany (A.L.-S.); and IKF Pneumologie Frankfurt, Clinical Research Centre Respiratory Diseases, Frankfurt, Germany (O.K.)
| | - Jon Robertson
- Respiratory Therapy Area Unit (S.K.), Clinical Pharmacology Science and Study Operations (M.M.), Global Clinical Safety and Pharmacovigilance (Y.C.), and Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulation, Quantitative Sciences, RD Projects Clinical Platforms and Sciences (S.Y.), GSK, Stockley Park, Uxbridge, Middlesex, United Kingdom; Discovery Medicine (A.C.), Refractory Respiratory Inflammation Discovery Performance Unit (M.B., H.W., J.N.H., E.M.H.), Clinical Pharmacology Science and Study Operations (A.H.), and Clinical Statistics (J.R.), GSK, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom; Clinical Operations Department, GSK, Zeist, The Netherlands (C.L.); KLB Gesundheitsforschung Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany (A.L.-S.); and IKF Pneumologie Frankfurt, Clinical Research Centre Respiratory Diseases, Frankfurt, Germany (O.K.)
| | - J Nicole Hamblin
- Respiratory Therapy Area Unit (S.K.), Clinical Pharmacology Science and Study Operations (M.M.), Global Clinical Safety and Pharmacovigilance (Y.C.), and Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulation, Quantitative Sciences, RD Projects Clinical Platforms and Sciences (S.Y.), GSK, Stockley Park, Uxbridge, Middlesex, United Kingdom; Discovery Medicine (A.C.), Refractory Respiratory Inflammation Discovery Performance Unit (M.B., H.W., J.N.H., E.M.H.), Clinical Pharmacology Science and Study Operations (A.H.), and Clinical Statistics (J.R.), GSK, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom; Clinical Operations Department, GSK, Zeist, The Netherlands (C.L.); KLB Gesundheitsforschung Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany (A.L.-S.); and IKF Pneumologie Frankfurt, Clinical Research Centre Respiratory Diseases, Frankfurt, Germany (O.K.)
| | - Andrea Ludwig-Sengpiel
- Respiratory Therapy Area Unit (S.K.), Clinical Pharmacology Science and Study Operations (M.M.), Global Clinical Safety and Pharmacovigilance (Y.C.), and Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulation, Quantitative Sciences, RD Projects Clinical Platforms and Sciences (S.Y.), GSK, Stockley Park, Uxbridge, Middlesex, United Kingdom; Discovery Medicine (A.C.), Refractory Respiratory Inflammation Discovery Performance Unit (M.B., H.W., J.N.H., E.M.H.), Clinical Pharmacology Science and Study Operations (A.H.), and Clinical Statistics (J.R.), GSK, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom; Clinical Operations Department, GSK, Zeist, The Netherlands (C.L.); KLB Gesundheitsforschung Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany (A.L.-S.); and IKF Pneumologie Frankfurt, Clinical Research Centre Respiratory Diseases, Frankfurt, Germany (O.K.)
| | - Oliver Kornmann
- Respiratory Therapy Area Unit (S.K.), Clinical Pharmacology Science and Study Operations (M.M.), Global Clinical Safety and Pharmacovigilance (Y.C.), and Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulation, Quantitative Sciences, RD Projects Clinical Platforms and Sciences (S.Y.), GSK, Stockley Park, Uxbridge, Middlesex, United Kingdom; Discovery Medicine (A.C.), Refractory Respiratory Inflammation Discovery Performance Unit (M.B., H.W., J.N.H., E.M.H.), Clinical Pharmacology Science and Study Operations (A.H.), and Clinical Statistics (J.R.), GSK, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom; Clinical Operations Department, GSK, Zeist, The Netherlands (C.L.); KLB Gesundheitsforschung Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany (A.L.-S.); and IKF Pneumologie Frankfurt, Clinical Research Centre Respiratory Diseases, Frankfurt, Germany (O.K.)
| | - Edith M Hessel
- Respiratory Therapy Area Unit (S.K.), Clinical Pharmacology Science and Study Operations (M.M.), Global Clinical Safety and Pharmacovigilance (Y.C.), and Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulation, Quantitative Sciences, RD Projects Clinical Platforms and Sciences (S.Y.), GSK, Stockley Park, Uxbridge, Middlesex, United Kingdom; Discovery Medicine (A.C.), Refractory Respiratory Inflammation Discovery Performance Unit (M.B., H.W., J.N.H., E.M.H.), Clinical Pharmacology Science and Study Operations (A.H.), and Clinical Statistics (J.R.), GSK, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom; Clinical Operations Department, GSK, Zeist, The Netherlands (C.L.); KLB Gesundheitsforschung Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany (A.L.-S.); and IKF Pneumologie Frankfurt, Clinical Research Centre Respiratory Diseases, Frankfurt, Germany (O.K.)
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18
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Martinelli S, Maffei R, Fiorcari S, Quadrelli C, Zucchini P, Benatti S, Potenza L, Luppi M, Marasca R. Idelalisib impairs T-cell-mediated immunity in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Haematologica 2018; 103:e598-e601. [PMID: 29976737 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2017.187070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Martinelli
- Hematology Division, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Rossana Maffei
- Hematology Division, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Stefania Fiorcari
- Hematology Division, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Chiara Quadrelli
- Hematology Division, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Patrizia Zucchini
- Hematology Division, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Stefania Benatti
- Hematology Division, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Leonardo Potenza
- Hematology Division, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Mario Luppi
- Hematology Division, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Roberto Marasca
- Hematology Division, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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19
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Aragoneses-Fenoll L, Ojeda G, Montes-Casado M, Acosta-Ampudia Y, Dianzani U, Portolés P, Rojo JM. T-Cell-Specific Loss of the PI-3-Kinase p110α Catalytic Subunit Results in Enhanced Cytokine Production and Antitumor Response. Front Immunol 2018. [PMID: 29535720 PMCID: PMC5835342 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Class IA phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) catalytic subunits p110α and p110δ are targets in cancer therapy expressed at high levels in T lymphocytes. The role of p110δ PI3K in normal or pathological immune responses is well established, yet the importance of p110α subunits in T cell-dependent immune responses is not clear. To address this problem, mice with p110α conditionally deleted in CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes (p110α-/-ΔT) were used. p110α-/-ΔT mice show normal development of T cell subsets, but slightly reduced numbers of CD4+ T cells in the spleen. "In vitro," TCR/CD3 plus CD28 activation of naive CD4+ and CD8+ p110α-/-ΔT T cells showed enhanced effector function, particularly IFN-γ secretion, T-bet induction, and Akt, Erk, or P38 activation. Tfh derived from p110α-/-ΔT cells also have enhanced responses when compared to normal mice, and IL-2 expanded p110α-/-ΔT CD8+ T cells had enhanced levels of LAMP-1 and Granzyme B. By contrast, the expansion of p110α-/-ΔT iTreg cells was diminished. Also, p110α-/-ΔT mice had enhanced anti-keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) IFN-γ, or IL-4 responses and IgG1 and IgG2b anti-KLH antibodies, using CFA or Alum as adjuvant, respectively. When compared to WT mice, p110α-/-ΔT mice inoculated with B16.F10 melanoma showed delayed tumor progression. The percentage of CD8+ T lymphocytes was higher and the percentage of Treg cells lower in the spleen of tumor-bearing p110α-/-ΔT mice. Also, IFN-γ production in tumor antigen-activated spleen cells was enhanced. Thus, PI3K p110α plays a significant role in antigen activation and differentiation of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes modulating antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Aragoneses-Fenoll
- Unidad de Inmunología Celular, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gloria Ojeda
- Unidad de Inmunología Celular, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Montes-Casado
- Unidad de Inmunología Celular, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yeny Acosta-Ampudia
- Departamento de Medicina Celular y Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Umberto Dianzani
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Novara, Italy
| | - Pilar Portolés
- Unidad de Inmunología Celular, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Rojo
- Departamento de Medicina Celular y Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
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20
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Muro R, Nitta T, Nakano K, Okamura T, Takayanagi H, Suzuki H. γδTCR recruits the Syk/PI3K axis to drive proinflammatory differentiation program. J Clin Invest 2017; 128:415-426. [PMID: 29202478 DOI: 10.1172/jci95837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
γδT cells produce inflammatory cytokines and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cancer, infectious diseases, and autoimmunity. The T cell receptor (TCR) signal transduction that specifically regulates the development of IL-17-producing γδT (γδT17) cells largely remains unclear. Here, we showed that the receptor proximal tyrosine kinase Syk is essential for γδTCR signal transduction and development of γδT17 in the mouse thymus. Zap70, another tyrosine kinase essential for the development of αβT cells, failed to functionally substitute for Syk in the development of γδT17. Syk induced the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway upon γδTCR stimulation. Mice deficient in PI3K signaling exhibited a complete loss of γδT17, without impaired development of IFN-γ-producing γδT cells. Moreover, γδT17-dependent skin inflammation was ameliorated in mice deficient in RhoH, an adaptor known to recruit Syk. Thus, we deciphered lineage-specific TCR signaling and identified the Syk/PI3K pathway as a critical determinant of proinflammatory γδT cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryunosuke Muro
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nitta
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Tadashi Okamura
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, and.,Section of Animal Models, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takayanagi
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Harumi Suzuki
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
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21
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Tang P, Upton JEM, Barton-Forbes MA, Salvadori MI, Clynick MP, Price AK, Goobie SL. Autosomal Recessive Agammaglobulinemia Due to a Homozygous Mutation in PIK3R1. J Clin Immunol 2017; 38:88-95. [PMID: 29178053 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-017-0462-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The role of class IA phosphoinositide 3 kinases (PI3Ks) in immune function and regulation continues to expand with the identification of greater numbers of genetic variants. This case report is the second reported case of a homozygous premature stop codon within the PIK3R1 gene leading to autosomal recessive agammaglobulinemia. The proband, born to consanguineous parents, presented at 10 months of age with a history of oropharyngeal petechiae and bleeding from the mouth, gums, and tear ducts. Initial investigations revealed thrombocytopenia, neutropenia and the absence of B cells. Further genetic testing via a custom next-generation sequencing panel confirmed the presence of a homozygous mutation in PIK3R1, c.901 C>T, a premature stop codon at amino acid position 301. Given their many roles in immune regulation, recessive mutations in the PlK3R1 gene should be considered in infants presenting with hypogammaglobulinemia or agammaglobulinemia, particularly in the setting of parental consanguinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paoyun Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, London Health Science Centre, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, ON, N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Julia E M Upton
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Immunology and Allergy, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 7280-555 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Michelle A Barton-Forbes
- Department of Pediatrics, London Health Science Centre, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, ON, N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Marina I Salvadori
- Department of Pediatrics, London Health Science Centre, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, ON, N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Meghan P Clynick
- Department of Dermatology, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, Unit M1 100, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - April K Price
- Department of Pediatrics, London Health Science Centre, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, ON, N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Sharan L Goobie
- Maritime Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Izaak Walton Killam (IWK) Health Centre, 5850/5980 University Avenue, PO Box 9700, Halifax, NS, B3K 6R8, Canada.
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22
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Shin N, Li YL, Mei S, Wang KH, Hall L, Katiyar K, Wang Q, Yang G, Rumberger B, Leffet L, He X, Rupar M, Bowman K, Favata M, Li J, Liu M, Li Y, Covington M, Koblish H, Soloviev M, Shuey D, Burn T, Diamond S, Fridman J, Combs A, Yao W, Yeleswaram S, Hollis G, Vaddi K, Huber R, Newton R, Scherle P. INCB040093 Is a Novel PI3Kδ Inhibitor for the Treatment of B Cell Lymphoid Malignancies. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2017; 364:120-130. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.117.244947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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23
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Helmer E, Watling M, Jones E, Tytgat D, Jones M, Allen R, Payne A, Koch A, Healy E. First-in-human studies of seletalisib, an orally bioavailable small-molecule PI3Kδ inhibitor for the treatment of immune and inflammatory diseases. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2017; 73:581-591. [PMID: 28160012 PMCID: PMC5384962 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-017-2205-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE PI3Ks are potential therapeutic targets in immune-inflammatory diseases. These studies aimed to investigate the safety, tolerability and PK profile of seletalisib, a selective inhibitor of PI3Kδ in humans. METHODS These phase I, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-centre studies (NCT02303509, NCT02207595) evaluated single and multiple oral doses of seletalisib (5-90 mg QD and 30 mg BID) in healthy adults and subjects with mild-to-moderate psoriasis (Study-1). Pharmacodynamic effects on markers of inflammation were assessed via changes in ex vivo basophil degranulation and histological assessment of psoriatic skin biopsies. RESULTS Seletalisib was well tolerated at doses ≤15 mg (Study-1) and ≤45 mg QD (Study-2) for 14 days. No safety concerns or dose-limiting toxicities were identified (Study-1). Incidence of gastrointestinal-related AEs was not dose related but higher incidences of rash AEs were associated with higher-dose seletalisib (Study-2 rash AEs: 18 in 12 seletalisib-treated subjects versus 1 in 1 placebo-treated subject). Mean seletalisib plasma concentration-time profiles increased with increasing doses after single and multiple dosing, with no major deviations from dose-proportionality. There was no unexpected accumulation or loss of exposure after multiple dosing (time-independent pharmacokinetic profile). Apparent t 1/2 values were supportive of once-daily dosing (geometric mean t1/2: Study-1, 17.7-21.1 h; Study-2, 18.1-22.4 h). No clinically significant food effect was observed (Study-1). Pharmacodynamic findings demonstrated ex vivo inhibition of basophil degranulation, improvements in histological assessment of skin biopsies and other markers of psoriatic biology and preliminary evidence of target engagement in psoriatic skin tissue. CONCLUSIONS Seletalisib safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic profiles support its continued clinical development in immune-inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Helmer
- UCB Pharma, 208 Bath Road, Slough, Berkshire, SL1 3WE, UK.
| | | | | | - Dominique Tytgat
- UCB Pharma, Braine l'Alleud, Belgium
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacometrics, Sanofi-Aventis, Deutschland GmbH, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Mark Jones
- UCB Pharma, 208 Bath Road, Slough, Berkshire, SL1 3WE, UK
| | - Rodger Allen
- UCB Pharma, 208 Bath Road, Slough, Berkshire, SL1 3WE, UK
| | - Andrew Payne
- UCB Pharma, 208 Bath Road, Slough, Berkshire, SL1 3WE, UK
| | | | - Eugene Healy
- Dermatopharmacology, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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24
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Allen RA, Brookings DC, Powell MJ, Delgado J, Shuttleworth LK, Merriman M, Fahy IJ, Tewari R, Silva JP, Healy LJ, Davies GCG, Twomey B, Cutler RM, Kotian A, Crosby A, McCluskey G, Watt GF, Payne A. Seletalisib: Characterization of a Novel, Potent, and Selective Inhibitor of PI3K δ. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2017; 361:429-440. [PMID: 28442583 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.116.237347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K) are key signaling enzymes regulating cellular survival, development, and function. Expression of the PI3Kδ isoform is largely restricted to leukocytes and it plays a key role in immune cell development and function. Seletalisib is a novel small-molecule inhibitor of PI3Kδ that was evaluated in biochemical assays, cellular assays of adaptive and innate immunity, and an in vivo rat model of inflammation. Our findings show that seletalisib is a potent, ATP-competitive, and selective PI3Kδ inhibitor able to block protein kinase B (AKT) phosphorylation following activation of the B-cell receptor in a B-cell line. Moreover, seletalisib inhibited N-formyl peptide-stimulated but not phorbol myristate acetate-stimulated superoxide release from human neutrophils, consistent with a PI3Kδ-specific activity. No indications of cytotoxicity were observed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) or other cell types treated with seletalisib. Findings from cellular assays of adaptive immunity demonstrated that seletalisib blocks human T-cell production of several cytokines from activated T-cells. Additionally, seletalisib inhibited B-cell proliferation and cytokine release. In human whole blood assays, seletalisib inhibited CD69 expression upon B-cell activation and anti-IgE-mediated basophil degranulation. Seletalisib showed dose-dependent inhibition in an in vivo rat model of anti-CD3-antibody-induced interleukin 2 release. Collectively, these data characterize seletalisib as a selective PI3Kδ inhibitor and potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of B-cell malignancies and autoimmune diseases driven by dysregulated proinflammatory cytokine secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ian J Fahy
- UCB Pharma, Slough, Berkshire, United Kingdom
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25
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Yazdani R, Ganjalikhani-Hakemi M, Esmaeili M, Abolhassani H, Vaeli S, Rezaei A, Sharifi Z, Azizi G, Rezaei N, Aghamohammadi A. Impaired Akt phosphorylation in B-cells of patients with common variable immunodeficiency. Clin Immunol 2017; 175:124-132. [PMID: 27664934 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2016.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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26
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Wentink M, Dalm V, Lankester AC, van Schouwenburg PA, Schölvinck L, Kalina T, Zachova R, Sediva A, Lambeck A, Pico-Knijnenburg I, van Dongen JJM, Pac M, Bernatowska E, van Hagen M, Driessen G, van der Burg M. Genetic defects in PI3Kδ affect B-cell differentiation and maturation leading to hypogammaglobulineamia and recurrent infections. Clin Immunol 2017; 176:77-86. [PMID: 28104464 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in PIK3CD and PIK3R1 cause activated PI3K-δ syndrome (APDS) by dysregulation of the PI3K-AKT pathway. METHODS We studied precursor and peripheral B-cell differentiation and apoptosis via flowcytometry. Furthermore, we performed AKT-phosphorylation assays and somatic hypermutations (SHM) and class switch recombination (CSR) analysis. RESULTS We identified 13 patients of whom 3 had new mutations in PIK3CD or PIK3R1. Patients had low total B-cell numbers with increased frequencies of transitional B cells and plasmablasts, while the precursor B-cell compartment in bone marrow was relatively normal. Basal AKT phosphorylation was increased in lymphocytes from APDS patients and natural effector B cells where most affected. PI3K mutations resulted in altered SHM and CSR and increased apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS The B-cell compartment in APDS patients is affected by the mutations in PI3K. There is reduced differentiation beyond the transitional stage, increased AKT phosphorylation and increased apoptosis. This B-cell phenotype contributes to the clinical phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjolein Wentink
- Dept. of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Virgil Dalm
- Dept. of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Dept. of Internal Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan C Lankester
- Dept. of Pediatric Hematology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Liesbeth Schölvinck
- University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Department of Paediatrics, Infectious Diseases and Immunology Section, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tomas Kalina
- Dept. of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radana Zachova
- Dept. of Immunology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and Motol Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Sediva
- Dept. of Immunology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and Motol Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Annechien Lambeck
- University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Department of Paediatrics, Infectious Diseases and Immunology Section, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid Pico-Knijnenburg
- Dept. of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacques J M van Dongen
- Dept. of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Dept. of Immunohematology and Blood Bank, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Malgorzata Pac
- Dept. of Immunology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Bernatowska
- Dept. of Immunology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Martin van Hagen
- Dept. of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Dept. of Internal Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gertjan Driessen
- Dept. of Pediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Mirjam van der Burg
- Dept. of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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27
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Thankam FG, Dilisio MF, Dougherty KA, Dietz NE, Agrawal DK. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells and 5'adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase in the inflammatory response: a potential therapeutic target. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2016; 12:1239-1249. [PMID: 27266327 PMCID: PMC5158012 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2016.1196138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The events in the cellular and molecular signaling triggered during inflammation mitigate tissue healing. The metabolic check-point control mediated by 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is crucial for switching the cells into an activated state capable of mediating inflammatory events. The cell metabolism involved in the inflammatory response represents a potential therapeutic target for the pharmacologic management of inflammation. Areas covered: In this article, a critical review is presented on triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell (TREM) receptors and their role in the inflammatory responses, as well as homeostasis between different TREM molecules and their regulation. Additionally, we discussed the relationship between TREM and AMPK to identify novel targets to limit the inflammatory response. Literature search was carried out from the National Library of Medicine's Medline database (using PubMed as the search engine) and Google Scholar and identified relevant studies up to 30 March 2016 using inflammation, TREM, AMPK, as the key words. Expert commentary: The prevention of phenotype switching of immune cells during inflammation by targeting AMPK and TREM-1 could be beneficial for developing novel management strategies for inflammation and associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Finosh G Thankam
- Department of Clinical & Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Matthew F. Dilisio
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | - Nicholas E. Dietz
- Department of Pathology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Devendra K. Agrawal
- Department of Clinical & Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
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28
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PI3K signaling in Leishmania infections. Cell Immunol 2016; 309:19-22. [PMID: 27622385 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PI3K signaling plays a role in the host response to Leishmania infections. At the cellular level PI3K signaling is engaged by the parasite to control several cellular processes, which ensures parasite persistence. At the systemic level, there is evidence that recruitment of regulatory cells into lesions is impaired in the absence of robust PI3K signaling. In this mini-review the more recent studies that investigated the roles of PI3K signaling in Leishmania infections are discussed.
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29
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Phosphoproteomic Analyses of Interleukin 2 Signaling Reveal Integrated JAK Kinase-Dependent and -Independent Networks in CD8(+) T Cells. Immunity 2016; 45:685-700. [PMID: 27566939 PMCID: PMC5040828 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2016.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a fundamental cytokine that controls proliferation and differentiation of T cells. Here, we used high-resolution mass spectrometry to generate a comprehensive and detailed map of IL-2 protein phosphorylations in cytotoxic T cells (CTL). The data revealed that Janus kinases (JAKs) couple IL-2 receptors to the coordinated phosphorylation of transcription factors, regulators of chromatin, mRNA translation, GTPases, vesicle trafficking, and the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton. We identified an IL-2-JAK-independent SRC family Tyr-kinase-controlled signaling network that regulates ∼10% of the CTL phosphoproteome, the production of phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PIP3), and the activity of the serine/threonine kinase AKT. These data reveal a signaling framework wherein IL-2-JAK-controlled pathways coordinate with IL-2-independent networks of kinase activity and provide a resource toward the further understanding of the networks of protein phosphorylation that program CTL fate.
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30
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Bambakidis T, Dekker SE, Sillesen M, Liu B, Johnson CN, Jin G, de Vries HE, Li Y, Alam HB. Resuscitation with Valproic Acid Alters Inflammatory Genes in a Porcine Model of Combined Traumatic Brain Injury and Hemorrhagic Shock. J Neurotrauma 2016; 33:1514-21. [PMID: 26905959 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2015.4163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury and hemorrhagic shock (TBI+HS) elicit a complex inflammatory response that contributes to secondary brain injury. There is currently no proven pharmacologic treatment for TBI+HS, but modulation of the epigenome has been shown to be a promising strategy. The aim of this study was to investigate whether valproic acid (VPA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, modulates the expression of cerebral inflammatory gene profiles in a large animal model of TBI+HS. Ten Yorkshire swine were subjected to computer-controlled TBI+HS (40% blood volume). After 2 h of shock, animals were resuscitated with Hextend (HEX) or HEX+VPA (300 mg/kg, n = 5/group). Six hours after resuscitation, brains were harvested, RNA was isolated, and gene expression profiles were measured using a porcine microarray. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis® (IPA), gene ontology (GO), Parametric Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (PGSEA), and DAVID (Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery) were used for pathway analysis. Key microarray findings were verified using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). IPA analysis revealed that VPA significantly down-regulated the complement system (p < 0.001), natural killer cell communication (p < 0.001), and dendritic cell maturation (p < 0.001). DAVID analysis indicated that a cluster of inflammatory pathways held the highest rank and gene enrichment score. Real-time PCR data confirmed that VPA significantly down-expressed genes that ultimately regulate nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB)-mediated production of cytokines, such as TYROBP, TREM2, CCR1, and IL-1β. This high-throughput analysis of cerebral gene expression shows that addition of VPA to the resuscitation protocol significantly modulates the expression of inflammatory pathways in a clinically realistic model of TBI+HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ted Bambakidis
- 1 Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Hospital , Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Simone E Dekker
- 1 Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Hospital , Ann Arbor, Michigan.,2 Department of Anesthesiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martin Sillesen
- 3 Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Copenhagen University Hospital , Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Baoling Liu
- 1 Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Hospital , Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Craig N Johnson
- 4 DNA Sequencing Core, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Guang Jin
- 1 Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Hospital , Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Helga E de Vries
- 5 Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yongqing Li
- 1 Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Hospital , Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Hasan B Alam
- 1 Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Hospital , Ann Arbor, Michigan
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31
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Aragoneses-Fenoll L, Montes-Casado M, Ojeda G, Acosta YY, Herranz J, Martínez S, Blanco-Aparicio C, Criado G, Pastor J, Dianzani U, Portolés P, Rojo JM. ETP-46321, a dual p110α/δ class IA phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor modulates T lymphocyte activation and collagen-induced arthritis. Biochem Pharmacol 2016; 106:56-69. [PMID: 26883061 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Class IA phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are essential to function of normal and tumor cells, and to modulate immune responses. T lymphocytes express high levels of p110α and p110δ class IA PI3K. Whereas the functioning of PI3K p110δ in immune and autoimmune reactions is well established, the role of p110α is less well understood. Here, a novel dual p110α/δ inhibitor (ETP-46321) and highly specific p110α (A66) or p110δ (IC87114) inhibitors have been compared concerning T cell activation in vitro, as well as the effect on responses to protein antigen and collagen-induced arthritis in vivo. In vitro activation of naive CD4(+) T lymphocytes by anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 was inhibited more effectively by the p110δ inhibitor than by the p110α inhibitor as measured by cytokine secretion (IL-2, IL-10, and IFN-γ), T-bet expression and NFAT activation. In activated CD4(+) T cells re-stimulated through CD3 and ICOS, IC87114 inhibited Akt and Erk activation, and the secretion of IL-2, IL-4, IL-17A, and IFN-γ better than A66. The p110α/δ inhibitor ETP-46321, or p110α plus p110δ inhibitors also inhibited IL-21 secretion by differentiated CD4(+) T follicular (Tfh) or IL-17-producing (Th17) helper cells. In vivo, therapeutic administration of ETP-46321 significantly inhibited responses to protein antigen as well as collagen-induced arthritis, as measured by antigen-specific antibody responses, secretion of IL-10, IL-17A or IFN-γ, or clinical symptoms. Hence, p110α as well as p110δ Class IA PI3Ks are important to immune regulation; inhibition of both subunits may be an effective therapeutic approach in inflammatory autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Aragoneses-Fenoll
- Unidad de Inmunología Celular, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Montes-Casado
- Unidad de Inmunología Celular, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - G Ojeda
- Unidad de Inmunología Celular, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Y Y Acosta
- Departamento de Medicina Celular y Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Herranz
- Departamento de Medicina Celular y Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Martínez
- Experimental Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Spain
| | - C Blanco-Aparicio
- Experimental Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Spain
| | - G Criado
- Hospital 12 de Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (I+12), E-28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Pastor
- Experimental Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Spain
| | - U Dianzani
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD) and Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Novara, Italy
| | - P Portolés
- Unidad de Inmunología Celular, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
| | - J M Rojo
- Departamento de Medicina Celular y Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
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Kaileh M, Vazquez E, MacFarlane AW, Campbell K, Kurosaki T, Siebenlist U, Sen R. mTOR-Dependent and Independent Survival Signaling by PI3K in B Lymphocytes. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146955. [PMID: 26785352 PMCID: PMC4718598 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral B lymphocyte survival requires the B cell receptor (BCR) and B cell activating factor (BAFF) binding to its receptor (BAFF-R). Deletion of the BCR, or its signal transducing chaperone Igβ, leads to rapid loss of mature B cells, indicating that signals initiated at the BCR are crucial for B cell survival. BAFF or BAFF-R deficiency also significantly reduces the numbers of mature B cells despite normal BCR expression. Together, these observations indicate that continued BCR and BAFF-R signaling are essential for the survival of mature resting B cells in the periphery. Here we demonstrate that tonic BCR signals up-regulate p100 (Nfkb2) as well as Mcl-1 protein expression at a post-transcriptional level via a PI3K-dependent pathway. p100 expression is mTOR-independent, whereas Mcl-1 expression is mTOR-dependent. BAFF treatment further elevated Mcl-1 levels by an mTOR-independent pathway, while consuming p100. Accordingly, Mcl-1 induction by BAFF is abrogated in Nfkb2-/- B cells. We propose that the cumulative effects of the BCR and BAFF-R signaling pathways increase Mcl-1 levels beyond the threshold required for B cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Kaileh
- Gene Regulation Section, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Estefania Vazquez
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Alexander W. MacFarlane
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Division of Basic Science, Institute for Cancer Research, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Kerry Campbell
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Division of Basic Science, Institute for Cancer Research, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Tomohiro Kurosaki
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Differentiation, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ulrich Siebenlist
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ranjan Sen
- Gene Regulation Section, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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PI3Kδ promotes CD4(+) T-cell interactions with antigen-presenting cells by increasing LFA-1 binding to ICAM-1. Immunol Cell Biol 2016; 94:486-95. [PMID: 26740009 PMCID: PMC4829101 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2016.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Activation of T lymphocytes by peptide/major histocompatibility complex on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) involves dynamic contacts between the two cells, during which T cells undergo marked morphological changes. These interactions are facilitated by integrins. Activation of the T cells increases the binding of the integrin lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) expressed by T cells to intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and ICAM-2 expressed by APCs. The signalling pathways that control integrin affinities are incompletely defined. The phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) generate second-messenger signalling molecules that control cell growth, proliferation, differentiation and trafficking. Here we show that in T cells, PI3Kδ attenuates the activation of Rac1, but sustains the activation of Rap1. Consequently, PI3Kδ increases LFA-1-dependent adhesion to form stable conjugates with APCs. Increased Rap1 activity and LFA-1 adhesion were only in part mediated by the downstream kinase Akt, suggesting the involvement of additional phosphatidylinositol(3,4,5)P3-binding proteins. These results establish a link between PI3K activity, cytoskeletal changes and integrin binding and help explain the impaired T-cell-dependent immune responses in PI3Kδ-deficient mice.
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Different inhibition of Gβγ-stimulated class IB phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) variants by a monoclonal antibody. Specific function of p101 as a Gβγ-dependent regulator of PI3Kγ enzymatic activity. Biochem J 2015; 469:59-69. [PMID: 26173259 DOI: 10.1042/bj20150099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Class IB phosphoinositide 3-kinases γ (PI3Kγ) are second-messenger-generating enzymes downstream of signalling cascades triggered by G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). PI3Kγ variants have one catalytic p110γ subunit that can form two different heterodimers by binding to one of a pair of non-catalytic subunits, p87 or p101. Growing experimental data argue for a different regulation of p87-p110γ and p101-p110γ allowing integration into distinct signalling pathways. Pharmacological tools enabling distinct modulation of the two variants are missing. The ability of an anti-p110γ monoclonal antibody [mAb(A)p110γ] to block PI3Kγ enzymatic activity attracted us to characterize this tool in detail using purified proteins. In order to get insight into the antibody-p110γ interface, hydrogen-deuterium exchange coupled to MS (HDX-MS) measurements were performed demonstrating binding of the monoclonal antibody to the C2 domain in p110γ, which was accompanied by conformational changes in the helical domain harbouring the Gβγ-binding site. We then studied the modulation of phospholipid vesicles association of PI3Kγ by the antibody. p87-p110γ showed a significantly reduced Gβγ-mediated phospholipid recruitment as compared with p101-p110γ. Concomitantly, in the presence of mAb(A)p110γ, Gβγ did not bind to p87-p110γ. These data correlated with the ability of the antibody to block Gβγ-stimulated lipid kinase activity of p87-p110γ 30-fold more potently than p101-p110γ. Our data argue for differential regulatory functions of the non-catalytic subunits and a specific Gβγ-dependent regulation of p101 in PI3Kγ activation. In this scenario, we consider the antibody as a valuable tool to dissect the distinct roles of the two PI3Kγ variants downstream of GPCRs.
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Pearce VQ, Bouabe H, MacQueen AR, Carbonaro V, Okkenhaug K. PI3Kδ Regulates the Magnitude of CD8+ T Cell Responses after Challenge with Listeria monocytogenes. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 195:3206-17. [PMID: 26311905 PMCID: PMC4574522 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PI3Ks regulate diverse immune cell functions by transmitting intracellular signals from Ag, costimulatory receptors, and cytokine receptors to control cell division, differentiation, survival, and migration. In this study, we report the effect of inhibiting the p110δ subunit of PI3Kδ on CD8(+) T cell responses to infection with the intracellular bacteria Listeria monocytogenes. A strong dependency on PI3Kδ for IFN-γ production by CD8(+) T cells in vitro was not recapitulated after Listeria infection in vivo. Inactivation of PI3Kδ resulted in enhanced bacterial elimination by the innate immune system. However, the magnitudes of the primary and secondary CD8 +: T cell responses were reduced. Moreover, PI3Kδ activity was required for CD8(+) T cells to provide help to other responding CD8(+) cells. These findings identify PI3Kδ as a key regulator of CD8(+) T cell responses that integrates extrinsic cues, including those from other responding cells, to determine the collective behavior of CD8(+) T cell populations responding to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verity Q Pearce
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Hicham Bouabe
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Amy R MacQueen
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Valentina Carbonaro
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Klaus Okkenhaug
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, United Kingdom
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Wu XN, Ye YX, Niu JW, Li Y, Li X, You X, Chen H, Zhao LD, Zeng XF, Zhang FC, Tang FL, He W, Cao XT, Zhang X, Lipsky PE. Defective PTEN regulation contributes to B cell hyperresponsiveness in systemic lupus erythematosus. Sci Transl Med 2015; 6:246ra99. [PMID: 25101889 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3009131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
PTEN regulates normal signaling through the B cell receptor (BCR). In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), enhanced BCR signaling contributes to increased B cell activity, but the role of PTEN in human SLE has remained unclear. We performed fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis in B cells from SLE patients and found that all SLE B cell subsets, except for memory B cells, showed decreased expression of PTEN compared with B cells from healthy controls. Moreover, the level of PTEN expression was inversely correlated with disease activity. We then explored the mechanisms governing PTEN regulation in SLE B cells. Notably, in normal but not SLE B cells, interleukin-21 (IL-21) induced PTEN expression and suppressed Akt phosphorylation induced by anti-immunoglobulin M and CD40L stimulation. However, this deficit was not primarily at the signaling or the transcriptional level, because IL-21-induced STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) phosphorylation was intact and IL-21 up-regulated PTEN mRNA in SLE B cells. Therefore, we examined the expression of candidate microRNAs (miRs) that could regulate PTEN: SLE B cells were found to express increased levels of miR-7, miR-21, and miR-22. These miRs down-regulated the expression of PTEN, and IL-21 stimulation increased the expression of miR-7 and miR-22 in both normal and SLE B cells. Indeed, a miR-7 antagomir corrected PTEN-related abnormalities in SLE B cells in a manner dependent on PTEN. Therefore, defective miR-7 regulation of PTEN contributes to B cell hyperresponsiveness in SLE and could be a new target of therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-ni Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yan-xia Ye
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jing-wen Niu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xin You
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Li-dan Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xiao-feng Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Feng-chun Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Fu-lin Tang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, and Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Xue-tao Cao
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, and Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
| | - Peter E Lipsky
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China. Formerly National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Porakishvili N, Vispute K, Steele AJ, Rajakaruna N, Kulikova N, Tsertsvadze T, Nathwani A, Damle RN, Clark EA, Rai KR, Chiorazzi N, Lydyard PM. Rewiring of sIgM-Mediated Intracellular Signaling through the CD180 Toll-like Receptor. Mol Med 2015; 21:46-57. [PMID: 25611435 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2014.00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) development and progression are thought to be driven by unknown antigens/autoantigens through the B cell receptor (BCR) and environmental signals for survival and expansion including toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands. CD180/RP105, a membrane-associated orphan receptor of the TLR family, induces normal B cell activation and proliferation and is expressed by approximately 60% of CLL samples. Half of these respond to ligation with anti-CD180 antibody by increased activation/phosphorylation of protein kinases associated with BCR signaling. Hence CLL cells expressing both CD180 and the BCR could receive signals via both receptors. Here we investigated cross-talk between BCR and CD180-mediated signaling on CLL cell survival and apoptosis. Our data indicate that ligation of CD180 on responsive CLL cells leads to activation of either prosurvival Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK)/phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT-mediated, or proapoptotic p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK)-mediated signaling pathways, while selective immunoglobulin M (sIgM) ligation predominantly engages the BTK/PI3K/AKT pathway. Furthermore, pretreatment of CLL cells with anti-CD180 redirects IgM-mediated signaling from the prosurvival BTK/PI3K/AKT toward the proapoptotic p38MAPK pathway. Thus preengaging CD180 could prevent further prosurvival signaling mediated via the BCR and, instead, induce CLL cell apoptosis, opening the door to therapeutic profiling and new strategies for the treatment of a substantial cohort of CLL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nino Porakishvili
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ketki Vispute
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Nadeeka Rajakaruna
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nina Kulikova
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom.,Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Georgia
| | | | - Amit Nathwani
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rajendra N Damle
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, United States of America
| | - Edward A Clark
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Kanti R Rai
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, United States of America
| | - Nicholas Chiorazzi
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, United States of America
| | - Peter M Lydyard
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
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Yang Q, Modi P, Ramanathan S, Quéva C, Gandhi V. Idelalisib for the treatment of B-cell malignancies. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2014. [DOI: 10.1517/21678707.2014.978858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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39
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Molecular mechanisms and functional implications of polarized actin remodeling at the T cell immunological synapse. Cell Mol Life Sci 2014; 72:537-556. [PMID: 25355055 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-014-1760-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Transient,specialized cell-cell interactions play a central role in leukocyte function by enabling specific intercellular communication in the context of a highly dynamic systems level response. The dramatic structural changes required for the formation of these contacts are driven by rapid and precise cytoskeletal remodeling events. In recent years, the immunological synapse that forms between a T lymphocyte and its antigen-presenting target cell has emerged as an important model system for understanding immune cell interactions. In this review, we discuss how regulators of the cortical actin cytoskeleton control synaptic architecture and in this way specify T cell function.
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40
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Walsh CM, Fruman DA. Too much of a good thing: immunodeficiency due to hyperactive PI3K signaling. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:3688-90. [PMID: 25133419 DOI: 10.1172/jci77198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary immune deficiency diseases arise due to heritable defects that often involve signaling molecules required for immune cell function. Typically, these genetic defects cause loss of gene function, resulting in primary immune deficiencies such as severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) and X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA); however, gain-of-function mutations may also promote immune deficiency. In this issue of the JCI, Deau et al. establish that gain-of-function mutations in PIK3R1, which encodes the p85α regulatory subunit of class IA PI3Ks, lead to immunodeficiency. These observations are consistent with previous reports that hyperactivating mutations in PIK3CD, which encodes the p110δ catalytic subunit, are capable of promoting immune deficiency. Mutations that reduce PI3K activity also result in defective lymphocyte development and function; therefore, these findings support the notion that too little or too much PI3K activity leads to immunodeficiency.
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41
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Acosta YY, Montes-Casado M, Aragoneses-Fenoll L, Dianzani U, Portoles P, Rojo JM. Suppression of CD4+ T lymphocyte activation in vitro and experimental encephalomyelitis in vivo by the phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase inhibitor PIK-75. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2014; 27:53-67. [PMID: 24674679 DOI: 10.1177/039463201402700108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Class IA phosphatidyl inositol-3 kinases (PI3-K) are important targets in cancer therapy and are essential to immune responses, particularly through costimulation by CD28 and ICOS. Thus, small PI3-K inhibitors are likely candidates to immune intervention. PIK-75 is an efficient inhibitor of the PI3-K p110alpha catalytic subunits that suppresses tumor growth, and its effects on immune and autoimmune responses should be studied. Here, we describe the effect of PIK-75 on different immune parameters in vitro and in vivo. PIK-75 at concentrations commonly used in vitro (≥0.1 μM) inhibited T and B cell activation by Concanavalin A and LPS, respectively, and survival of non-stimulated spleen cells. In naive CD4+ T lymphocytes, PIK-75 induced apoptosis of resting or activated cells that was prevented by caspase inhibitors. At low nanomolar concentrations (≤10 nM), PIK-75 inhibited naive CD4+ T cell proliferation, and IL-2 and IFN-gamma production induced by anti-CD3 plus anti-CD28. In activated CD4+ T blasts costimulated by ICOS, PIK-75 (less than 10 nM) inhibited IFN-gamma, IL-17A, or IL-21 secretion. Furthermore, PIK-75 (20 mg/kg p.o.) suppressed clinical symptoms in ongoing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and inhibited MOG-specific responses in vitro. Thus, PIK-75 is an efficient suppressor of EAE, modulating lymphocyte function and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Y Acosta
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Centre of Biological Investigation, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Montes-Casado
- Unit of Cellular Immunology, National Centre of Microbiology, Institute of Health Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Aragoneses-Fenoll
- Unit of Cellular Immunology, National Centre of Microbiology, Institute of Health Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - U Dianzani
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD) and Department of Health Sciences, A. Avogadro University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - P Portoles
- Unit of Cellular Immunology, National Centre of Microbiology, Institute of Health Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - J M Rojo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Centre of Biological Investigation, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
The central role of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) activation in tumour cell biology has prompted a sizeable effort to target PI3K and/or downstream kinases such as AKT and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in cancer. However, emerging clinical data show limited single-agent activity of inhibitors targeting PI3K, AKT or mTOR at tolerated doses. One exception is the response to PI3Kδ inhibitors in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, where a combination of cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic activities drive efficacy. Here, we review key challenges and opportunities for the clinical development of inhibitors targeting the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway. Through a greater focus on patient selection, increased understanding of immune modulation and strategic application of rational combinations, it should be possible to realize the potential of this promising class of targeted anticancer agents.
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Shymanets A, Prajwal, Bucher K, Beer-Hammer S, Harteneck C, Nürnberg B. p87 and p101 subunits are distinct regulators determining class IB phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) specificity. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:31059-68. [PMID: 24014027 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.508234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Class IB phosphoinositide 3-kinase γ (PI3Kγ) comprises a single catalytic p110γ subunit, which binds to two non-catalytic subunits, p87 or p101, and controls a plethora of fundamental cellular responses. The non-catalytic subunits are assumed to be redundant adaptors for Gβγ enabling G-protein-coupled receptor-mediated regulation of PI3Kγ. Growing experimental data provide contradictory evidence. To elucidate the roles of the non-catalytic subunits in determining the specificity of PI3Kγ, we tested the impact of p87 and p101 in heterodimeric p87-p110γ and p101-p110γ complexes on the modulation of PI3Kγ activity in vitro and in living cells. RT-PCR, biochemical, and imaging data provide four lines of evidence: (i) specific expression patterns of p87 and p101, (ii) up-regulation of p101, providing the basis to consider p87 as a protein forming a constitutively and p101 as a protein forming an inducibly expressed PI3Kγ, (iii) differences in basal and stimulated enzymatic activities, and (iv) differences in complex stability, all indicating apparent diversity within class IB PI3Kγ. In conclusion, expression and activities of PI3Kγ are modified differently by p87 and p101 in vitro and in living cells, arguing for specific regulatory roles of the non-catalytic subunits in the differentiation of PI3Kγ signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliaksei Shymanets
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Eberhard Karls University Hospitals and Clinics and Interfaculty Centre of Pharmacogenomics and Pharmaceutical Research, University of Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
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Zotes TM, Spada R, Mulens V, Pérez-Yagüe S, Sorzano CO, Okkenhaug K, Carrera AC, Barber DF. PI3K p110δ is expressed by gp38(-)CD31(+) and gp38(+)CD31(+) spleen stromal cells and regulates their CCL19, CCL21, and LTβR mRNA levels. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72960. [PMID: 24009720 PMCID: PMC3757018 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of p110δ PI3K in lymphoid cells has been studied extensively, showing its importance in immune cell differentiation, activation and development. Altered T cell localization in p110δ-deficient mouse spleen suggested a role for p110δ in non-hematopoietic stromal cells, which maintain hematopoietic cell segregation. We tested this hypothesis using p110δWT/WT mouse bone marrow to reconstitute lethally irradiated p110δWT/WT or p110δD910A/D910A (which express catalytically inactive p110δ) recipients, and studied localization, number and percentage of hematopoietic cell subsets in spleen and lymph nodes, in homeostatic conditions and after antigen stimulation. These analyses showed diffuse T cell areas in p110δD910A/D910A and in reconstituted p110δD910A/D910A mice in homeostatic conditions. In these mice, spleen CD4+ and CD8+ T cell numbers did not increase in response to antigen, suggesting that a p110δD910A/D910A stroma defect impedes correct T cell response. FACS analysis of spleen stromal cell populations showed a decrease in the percentage of gp38−CD31+ cells in p110δD910A/D910A mice. qRT-PCR studies detected p110δ mRNA expression in p110δWT/WT spleen gp38−CD31+ and gp38+CD31+ subsets, which was reduced in p110δD910A/D910A spleen. Lack of p110δ activity in these cell populations correlated with lower LTβR, CCL19 and CCL21 mRNA levels; these molecules participate in T cell localization to specific spleen areas. Our results could explain the lower T cell numbers and more diffuse T cell areas found in p110δD910A/D910A mouse spleen, as well as the lower T cell expansion after antigen stimulation in p110δD910A/D910A compared with p110δWT/WT mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa M. Zotes
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Spada
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vladimir Mulens
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Pérez-Yagüe
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos O. Sorzano
- Biocomputing Unit, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Klaus Okkenhaug
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ana C. Carrera
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Domingo F. Barber
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Paradowska-Gorycka A, Jurkowska M. Structure, expression pattern and biological activity of molecular complex TREM-2/DAP12. Hum Immunol 2013; 74:730-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2013.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2012] [Revised: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Lipid phosphatases identified by screening a mouse phosphatase shRNA library regulate T-cell differentiation and protein kinase B AKT signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:E1849-56. [PMID: 23630283 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1305070110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Screening a complete mouse phosphatase lentiviral shRNA library using high-throughput sequencing revealed several phosphatases that regulate CD4 T-cell differentiation. We concentrated on two lipid phosphatases, the myotubularin-related protein (MTMR)9 and -7. Silencing MTMR9 by shRNA or siRNA resulted in enhanced T-helper (Th)1 differentiation and increased Th1 protein kinase B (PKB)/AKT phosphorylation while silencing MTMR7 caused increased Th2 and Th17 differentiation and increased AKT phosphorylation in these cells. Irradiated mice reconstituted with MTMR9 shRNA-transduced bone marrow cells had an elevated proportion of T-box transcription factor T-bet expressors among their CD4 T cells. After adoptive transfer of naïve cells from such reconstituted mice, immunization resulted in a greater proportion of T-box transcription factor T-bet-expressing cells. Thus, myotubularin-related proteins have a role in controlling in vitro and in vivo Th-cell differentiation, possibly through regulation of phosphatidylinositol [3,4,5]-trisphosphate activity.
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47
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Young RM, Staudt LM. Targeting pathological B cell receptor signalling in lymphoid malignancies. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2013; 12:229-43. [PMID: 23449308 DOI: 10.1038/nrd3937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 295] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Signalling through the B cell receptor (BCR) is central to the development and maintenance of B cells. In light of the numerous proliferative and survival pathways activated downstream of the BCR, it comes as no surprise that malignant B cells would co-opt this receptor to promote their own growth and survival. However, direct evidence for BCR signalling in human lymphoma has only come to light recently. Roles for antigen-dependent and antigen-independent, or tonic, BCR signalling have now been described for several different lymphoma subtypes. Furthermore, correlative data implicate antigen-dependent BCR signalling in many other forms of lymphoma. A host of therapeutic agents targeting effectors of the BCR signalling pathway are now in clinical trials and have shown initial success against multiple forms of lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Young
- Metabolism Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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Abstract
Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) control many important aspects of immune cell development, differentiation, and function. Mammals have eight PI3K catalytic subunits that are divided into three classes based on similarities in structure and function. Specific roles for the class I PI3Ks have been broadly investigated and are relatively well understood, as is the function of their corresponding phosphatases. More recently, specific roles for the class II and class III PI3Ks have emerged. Through vertebrate evolution and in parallel with the evolution of adaptive immunity, there has been a dramatic increase not only in the genes for PI3K subunits but also in genes for phosphatases that act on 3-phosphoinositides and in 3-phosphoinositide-binding proteins. Our understanding of the PI3Ks in immunity is guided by fundamental discoveries made in simpler model organisms as well as by appreciating new adaptations of this signaling module in mammals in general and in immune cells in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Okkenhaug
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signaling and Development, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, United Kingdom.
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So L, Yea SS, Oak JS, Lu M, Manmadhan A, Ke QH, Janes MR, Kessler LV, Kucharski JM, Li LS, Martin MB, Ren P, Jessen KA, Liu Y, Rommel C, Fruman DA. Selective inhibition of phosphoinositide 3-kinase p110α preserves lymphocyte function. J Biol Chem 2012; 288:5718-31. [PMID: 23275335 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.379446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Class IA phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) is essential for clonal expansion, differentiation, and effector function of B and T lymphocytes. The p110δ catalytic isoform of PI3K is highly expressed in lymphocytes and plays a prominent role in B and T cell responses. Another class IA PI3K catalytic isoform, p110α, is a promising drug target in cancer but little is known about its function in lymphocytes. Here we used highly selective inhibitors to probe the function of p110α in lymphocyte responses in vitro and in vivo. p110α inhibition partially reduced B cell receptor (BCR)-dependent AKT activation and proliferation, and diminished survival supported by the cytokines BAFF and IL-4. Selective p110δ inhibition suppressed B cell responses much more strongly, yet maximal suppression was achieved by targeting multiple PI3K isoforms. In mouse and human T cells, inhibition of single class IA isoforms had little effect on proliferation, whereas pan-class I inhibition did suppress T cell expansion. In mice, selective p110α inhibition using the investigational agent MLN1117 (previously known as INK1117) did not disrupt the marginal zone B cell compartment and did not block T cell-dependent germinal center formation. In contrast, the selective p110δ inhibitor IC87114 strongly suppressed germinal center formation and reduced marginal zone B cell numbers, similar to a pan-class I inhibitor. These findings show that although acute p110α inhibition partially diminishes AKT activation, selective p110α inhibitors are likely to be less immunosuppressive in vivo compared with p110δ or pan-class I inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lomon So
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, and Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
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50
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Abstract
The B-cell receptor (BCR) complex and its associated protein tyrosine kinases play a critical role in the development, proliferation, and survival of normal or malignant B cells. Regulated activity of the BCR complex promotes the expansion of selected B cells and the deletion of unwanted or self-reactive ones. Compounds that inhibit various components of this pathway, including spleen tyrosine kinase, Bruton's tyrosine kinase, and phosphoinositol-3 kinase, have been developed. We summarize the rationale for use of agents that can inhibit BCR signaling to treat patients with either indolent or aggressive B-cell lymphomas, highlight early clinical results, and speculate on the future application of such agents in the treatment of patients with various B-cell lymphomas.
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MESH Headings
- Adenine/analogs & derivatives
- Aminopyridines
- Humans
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/metabolism
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/metabolism
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology
- Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/metabolism
- Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/pathology
- Morpholines
- Neoplasm Staging
- Niacinamide/analogs & derivatives
- Niacinamide/therapeutic use
- Oxazines/therapeutic use
- Phenylurea Compounds/therapeutic use
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism
- Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors
- Piperidines
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism
- Purines/therapeutic use
- Pyrazoles/therapeutic use
- Pyridines/therapeutic use
- Pyrimidines/therapeutic use
- Quinazolinones/therapeutic use
- Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/chemistry
- Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Sorafenib
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Y Choi
- UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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