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Maehashi S, Arora K, Fisher AL, Schweitzer DR, Akefe IO. Neurolipidomic insights into anxiety disorders: Uncovering lipid dynamics for potential therapeutic advances. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 163:105741. [PMID: 38838875 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Anxiety disorders constitute a spectrum of psychological conditions affecting millions of individuals worldwide, imposing a significant health burden. Historically, the development of anxiolytic medications has been largely focused on neurotransmitter function and modulation. However, in recent years, neurolipids emerged as a prime target for understanding psychiatric pathogenesis and developing novel medications. Neurolipids influence various neural activities such as neurotransmission and cellular functioning, as well as maintaining cell membrane integrity. Therefore, this review aims to elucidate the alterations in neurolipids associated with an anxious mental state and explore their potential as targets of novel anxiolytic medications. Existing evidence tentatively associates dysregulated neurolipid levels with the etiopathology of anxiety disorders. Notably, preclinical investigations suggest that several neurolipids, including endocannabinoids and polyunsaturated fatty acids, may hold promise as potential pharmacological targets. Overall, the current literature tentatively suggests the involvement of lipids in the pathogenesis of anxiety disorders, hinting at potential prospects for future pharmacological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saki Maehashi
- Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Kabir Arora
- Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Andre Lara Fisher
- Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Isaac Oluwatobi Akefe
- Academy for Medical Education, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia.
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Shah MZUH, Shrivastava VK, Muzamil S, Olaniyi KS. Diacerein mitigates endocrine and cardio-metabolic disruptions in experimental PCOS mice model by modulating AdipoR1/ PON 1. BMC Endocr Disord 2024; 24:109. [PMID: 38982395 PMCID: PMC11234745 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01639-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to explore the impact of Diacerein (DIC) on endocrine and cardio-metabolic changes in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) mouse model. METHODS A total of 18 adult female mice (Parkes strain), aged 4-5 weeks, were randomly assigned to three groups, each comprising 6 animals, as follows: Group I (control), received normal diet and normal saline as vehicle for 51 days; Group II received Letrozole (LET; 6 mg/kg bw) for 21 days to induce PCOS; Group III received LET, followed by daily oral gavage administration of DIC (35 mg/kg bw) for 30 days. RESULTS This study indicates that treatment with LET resulted in PCOS with characteristics such as polycystic ovaries, elevated testosterone, weight gain, visceral adiposity, high levels of insulin as well as fasting blood glucose in addition to insulin resistance, improper handling of ovarian lipids, atherogenic dyslipidemia, impaired Na + /K + -ATPase activity and serum, cardiac, and ovarian oxidative stress. Serum/ovarian adiponectin levels were lowered in LET-treated mice. In mice treated with LET, we also discovered a reduction in cardiac and serum paraoxonase 1 (PON1). Interestingly, DIC restored ovarian andcardio-metabolic abnormalities in LET-induced PCOS mice. DIC prevented the endocrine and cardio-metabolic changes brought on by letrozole-induced PCOS in mice. CONCLUSION The ameliorative effects of DIC on letrozole-induced PCOS with concurrent oxidative stress, abdominal fat deposition, cardiac and ovarian substrate mishandling, glucometabolic dysfunction, and adiponectin/PON1 activation support the idea that DIC perhaps, restore compromised endocrine and cardio-metabolic regulators in PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Zahoor Ul Haq Shah
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Department of Bioscience, Barkatullah University, Madhya Predesh, Bhopal, 462026, India
- Department of obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of school of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, China
| | - Vinoy Kumar Shrivastava
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Department of Bioscience, Barkatullah University, Madhya Predesh, Bhopal, 462026, India
| | - Showkeen Muzamil
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandary, SKAUST-K, Srinagar, India
| | - Kehinde S Olaniyi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Cardio/Endo-metabolic and Microbiome Research Unit, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, 360101, Nigeria.
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Baykara S, Kazğan A, Yıldırım H, Tabara MF, Kaşıkcı HÖ, Danacı Keleş D. Retinal changes in generalized anxiety disorder patients. Int J Psychiatry Med 2024; 59:270-286. [PMID: 37870071 DOI: 10.1177/00912174231209771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a method that allows high-resolution cross-sectional imaging of biological tissues. It was suggested that changes in the cranial structure or functions would be reflected in the retina. OCT has been an important method in the diagnosis and follow-up of diseases via morphometric or quantitative retinal measurements. Free radicals, inflammatory processes, and neurotransmission disorders play a role in the etiology of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The study aimed to demonstrate the retinal changes in GAD patients due to neurodegeneration based on the comparison of the OCT data of the GAD patients and controls, and the differences between OCT findings of GAD patients and those of controls. METHODS The study group included 21 GAD patients. The control group included 21 individuals without any known psychiatric or organic disease, including eye diseases. RESULTS There was a statistically significant difference between the macular volumes (MV) of the GAD and control groups, the macular volume was lower in the GAD group. There were positive correlations between BDI scores and MV, GCLT, RNFLT-i, RNFLT-n, between BAE scores and (RNFLT-n), and between the CGI severity scale scores and MV, RNFLT-n, and RNFLT-t. CONCLUSION OCT analysis of the GAD patients demonstrated that MV values were lower when compared to the control group. Patients with GAD should be screened for these retinal changes. OCT, a simple, non-invasive, and relatively inexpensive method could be employed as a supplementary method in the follow-up of GAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sema Baykara
- Department of Psychiatry, Erenkoy Psychiatry and Neurology Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aslı Kazğan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Fırat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Hakan Yıldırım
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Fırat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | | | - Halim Ömer Kaşıkcı
- Department of Family Medicine, Erenkoy Psychiatry and Neurology Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Demir E, Duzguner V, Atici A, Yengil E. Oxidative stress responses of virtual reality use in refugee children undergoing elective surgery: A randomized controlled trial. J Pediatr Nurs 2024; 75:80-88. [PMID: 38118301 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the Virtual Reality (VR) technique, 3D movies can be made for refugee children for pre-operative stress. The study aims to reveal the oxidative responses of the VR technique in pre-operative anxiety in elective surgery in children aged 5-12 years. METHODS The Study was designed according to the CONSORT checklist with a randomized controlled parallel design. The whole sample (n = 23), VR experimental group (n = 12), and control group (n = 11) were determined according to the total count method prospectively in 6 months. Oxidative stress parameters (Cortisol, Malondialdehyde, Nitric oxide, Glutathione) were measured in blood samples from the first hospitalization (beginning) and before the intervention (pre-operative) in the experimental and control groups. FINDINGS MDA, NO, and cortisol levels (p < 0.05), which indicate the stress level, are high in all groups. In pre-operative measurements, oxidative parameters were lower in the VR experimental group than in the control group. At the same time, the anti-stress antioxidant factor Glutathione was higher in the VR experimental group in pre-operative measurements. DISCUSSION The application of 3D film as a VR technique reduces stress parameters in pre-operative stress, and its antioxidant system activating effect has been determined. APPLICATION TO PRACTICE It can be applied to refugee child groups for pre-operative stress by shooting 3D movies in different languages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emel Demir
- Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Children Health and Diseases Nursing Department, Hatay, Turkey.
| | - Vesile Duzguner
- Ardahan University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Emergency and Disaster Management Department, Ardahan, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Atici
- Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Tayfur Ata Sökmen Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Erhan Yengil
- Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Tayfur Ata Sökmen Faculty of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Hatay, Turkey
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Oktay M, Asoğlu M, Taskin S, Kirmit A. Biological Markers in Newly Diagnosed Generalized Anxiety Disorder Patients: 8-OHdG, S100B and Oxidative Stress. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2024; 20:19-24. [PMID: 38204917 PMCID: PMC10778226 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s444506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a chronic disease persisting for at least 6 months, characterized by excessive and continuous anxiety, which leads to evident problems and functional disorders. S100B is a glial protein that plays a role in intercellular communication regulating cell growth and differentiation, and intracellular signal transmission. This study aimed to analyze the serum S100B, 8-OHdG, and oxidative stress levels of patients newly diagnosed with GAD who had not started treatment, to better understand the underlying neurobiological basis of the etiology of GAD. Patients and Methods Forty-four patients diagnosed with GAD according to DSM-5 diagnostic criteria and 44 healthy controls were included in the study. The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) was used to determine the anxiety levels of the GAD patients. The serum S100B, 8-OHdG, total oxidant status (TOS), and total antioxidant status (TAS) levels were measured in the patient and control groups. Results The 8-OHdG values of the GAD group were determined to be statistically significantly higher than those of the control group (p=0.028). No significant difference was determined between the GAD patients and the control group in respect of the TAS, TOS, and oxidative stress index (OSI) values (p>0.05). The S100B levels of the GAD group were found to be higher than those of the control group. Conclusion The results of this study showed that there could be DNA damage because of oxidative stress in GAD patients. There is a need for further studies to confirm the role of S100B protein in GAD etiology and pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meltem Oktay
- Department of Psychiatry, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Asoğlu
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Seyhan Taskin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Adnan Kirmit
- Department of Biochemistry, Iskenderun State Hospital, Hatay, Türkiye
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Thiol disulfide homeostasis in psychiatric disorders: A comprehensive review. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 123:110719. [PMID: 36634809 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Thiol-disulfide couple maintains an intracellular redox status. Dynamic thiol-disulfide homeostasis acts crucial parts in metabolic processes involving signal mechanisms, inflammation, antioxidant defense. Thiol-disulfide homeostasis have been implicated in numerous diseases. In this comprehensive review we identified the studies that examined the thiol-disulfide homeostasis in psychiatric disorders. Most cases demonstrated alterations in thiol-disulfide homeostasis and in most of them the thiol-disulfide balance tended to change direction to the disulfide side, that is, to the oxidative side. Currently, the fact that N-acetylcysteine, a thiol-containing compound, is of great interest as a new treatment approach in psychiatric disorders and the role of glutathione, the most abundant thiol, in the brain highlights the importance of evaluating the thiol-disulfide balance in psychiatric disorders.
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Darand M, Salehi-Abargouei A, Vahidi Mehrjardi MY, Feizi A, Seyedhossaini SM, Askari G. Joint effects of paraoxonase 1 rs662 polymorphism and vitamins C/E intake on coronary artery disease severity (Gensini and SYNTAX scores) and lipid profile in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1097411. [PMID: 36817064 PMCID: PMC9932536 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1097411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Considering the emergence of the concept of personalized nutrition in recent years and its importance in the treatment of diseases, the purpose of this study was to investigate the interaction of paraoxonase (PON)1 rs662 polymorphism and vitamin C/E intake on coronary artery disease (CAD) severity and lipid profile in patients undergoing diagnostic angiography. Methods This cross-sectional study was carried out on 428 patients undergoing angiography. The PON-1 genotypes were detected by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. Dietary intake was obtained using a valid questionnaire. Results After adjustment for potential confounders, R allele carriers (RR + RQ) have lower HDL-C levels than non-carriers (QQ) (P ≤ 0.05). On the other hand, higher consumption of vitamin C was associated with a reduced risk of high total cholesterol (OR: 0.42, 95% CI 0.23-0.75, P = 0.003) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR: 0.49, 95% CI 0.25-0.96, P = 0.038) and an increased risk of low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR: 1.88, 95% CI 1.03-3.42, P = 0.037). Furthermore, a significant interaction was observed between vitamin C intake and genotypes of rs66 polymorphism on LDL-C (P = 0.050). In detail, the R-allele carriers with lower vitamin C intake had higher LDL-C levels than QQ genotype carriers. No significant interaction was found between vitamin E intake and rs662 polymorphism genotypes on the Gensini and SYNTAX scores and lipid profile (P > 0.05). Conclusion The novel finding of the present study was the existence of a significant interaction between rs662 polymorphism and vitamin C intake on LDL-C. More specifically, R allele carriers with lower vitamin C intake were susceptible to higher LDL-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Darand
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran,Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amin Salehi-Abargouei
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran,Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran,Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-Communicable Disease Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Yahya Vahidi Mehrjardi
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Awat Feizi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seyed Mustafa Seyedhossaini
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-Communicable Disease Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Askari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran,Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran,*Correspondence: Gholamreza Askari ✉
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Salivary Antioxidant Capacity and Magnesium in Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13010073. [PMID: 36676998 PMCID: PMC9862115 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13010073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a prevalent disorder. The search for biomarkers may contribute to new knowledge about molecular pathogenesis and treatment. Since oxidative stress and micronutrient imbalance play a key role in the development of mental disorders, we aimed to study salivary antioxidant capacity and magnesium in patients with GAD in an anxiety model of solving problems with increasing complexity. The study subgroup consisted of 15 patients with GAD, and 17 healthy volunteers of the same age made up the control subgroup. Participants took a test with six levels of difficulty, which included false feedback. In this test, the participants were asked to remember the colors of balloons and react when the color changed. The reaction time, the number of correct answers, as well as biochemical parameters such as the antioxidant capacity of saliva and salivary magnesium, were assessed. There was no difference in the results of the quest between the subgroups; however, anxious participants spent more time at the moment of experimental frustration due to incorrect feedback and additional negative psycho-emotional load. Antioxidant capacity did not differ between the subgroups both before and after the experimental session. Average antioxidant capacity also did not change significantly at the endpoint of the experiment. However, the endpoint antioxidant capacity correlated negatively with the reaction time in anxious patients in the second block (where the false feedback as a frustrating factor appeared). Magnesium was initially significantly higher in the group of anxious participants and decreased at the experiment endpoint; in healthy patients, there were no changes in salivary magnesium at the endpoint. In conclusion, the compensatory potential of oxidative metabolism and magnesium in patients with GAD was spent with additional psycho-emotional stress, in contrast to healthy individuals, but it was sufficient to avoid exhaustion during experimental frustrating exposure.
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Konkoly J, Kormos V, Gaszner B, Correia P, Berta G, Biró-Sütő T, Zelena D, Pintér E. Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 ion channel expressed by the Edinger-Westphal nucleus contributes to stress adaptation in murine model of posttraumatic stress disorder. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1059073. [PMID: 36561364 PMCID: PMC9763580 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1059073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The centrally projecting Edinger-Westphal nucleus (EWcp) is involved in stress adaptation. Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) mRNA was previously shown to be expressed abundantly in mouse and human EWcp urocortin 1 (UCN1) positive neurons and reacted to chronic stress. Since UCN1 neurons are deeply implicated in stress-related disorders, we hypothesized that TRPA1/UCN1 neurons are also affected in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We examined male Trpa1 wild type (WT) and gene-deficient (KO) mice in the single prolonged stress (SPS) model of PTSD. Two weeks later the behavioral changes were monitored by forced swim test (FST) and restraint. The Trpa1 and Ucn1 mRNA expression and the UCN1 peptide content were assessed by RNAscope in situ hybridization technique combined with immunofluorescence labeling in the EWcp. SPS-induced immobility was lower in Trpa1 KO compared to WT animals, both in the FST and restraint, corresponding to diminished depression-like behavior. The copy number of Trpa1 mRNA decreased significantly in EWcp of WT animals in response to SPS. Higher basal Ucn1 mRNA expression was observed in the EWcp of KO animals, that was not affected by SPS exposure. EWcp neurons of WT animals responded to SPS with substantially increased amount of UCN1 peptide content compared to control animals, whereas such changes were not observable in KO mice. The decreased Trpa1 mRNA expression in the SPS model of PTSD associated with increased neuronal UCN1 peptide content suggests that this cation channel might be involved in the regulation of stress adaptation and may contribute to the pathomechanism of PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- János Konkoly
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Pécs, Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Viktória Kormos
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Pécs, Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Balázs Gaszner
- Department of Anatomy, University of Pécs, Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Pedro Correia
- Department of Physiology, University of Pécs, Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Gergely Berta
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Pécs, Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
- Signal Transduction Research Group, János Szentágothai Research Centre, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tünde Biró-Sütő
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Pécs, Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Dóra Zelena
- Department of Physiology, University of Pécs, Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Erika Pintér
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Pécs, Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
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Dahchour A. Anxiolytic and antidepressive potentials of rosmarinic acid: A review with a focus on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Pharmacol Res 2022; 184:106421. [PMID: 36096427 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Depression and anxiety are the most prevalent neuropsychiatric disorders that have emerged as global health concerns. Anxiolytic and antidepressant drugs, such as benzodiazepines, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and tricyclics, are the first line used in treating anxiety and depression. Although these drugs lack efficacy and have a delayed response time and numerous side effects, their widespread abuse and market continue to grow. Over time, traditional practices using natural and phytochemicals as alternative therapies to chemical drugs have emerged to treat many pathological conditions, including anxiety and depression. Recent preclinical studies have demonstrated that the phenolic compound, rosmarinic acid, is effective against several neuropsychiatric disorders, including anxiety and depression. In addition, rosmarinic acid showed various pharmacological effects, such as cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, lung protective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. However, the potentialities of the use of rosmarinic acid in the treatment of nervous system-related disorders, such as anxiety and depression, are less or not yet reviewed. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to present several preclinical and clinical studies, when available, from different databases investigating the effects of rosmarinic acid on anxiety and depression. These studies showed that rosmarinic acid produces advantageous effects on anxiety and depression through its powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This review will examine and discuss the possibility that the anxiolytic and anti-depressive effects of rosmarinic acid could be associated with its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelkader Dahchour
- Clinical Neurosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy. Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco.
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Michelin AP, Maes MHJ, Supasitthumrong T, Limotai C, Matsumoto AK, de Oliveira Semeão L, de Lima Pedrão JV, Moreira EG, Kanchanatawan B, Barbosa DS. Reduced paraoxonase 1 activities may explain the comorbidities between temporal lobe epilepsy and depression, anxiety and psychosis. World J Psychiatry 2022. [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v12.i2.317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Michelin AP, Maes MHJ, Supasitthumrong T, Limotai C, Matsumoto AK, de Oliveira Semeão L, de Lima Pedrão JV, Moreira EG, Kanchanatawan B, Barbosa DS. Reduced paraoxonase 1 activities may explain the comorbidities between temporal lobe epilepsy and depression, anxiety and psychosis. World J Psychiatry 2022; 12:308-322. [PMID: 35317335 PMCID: PMC8900591 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v12.i2.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common focal epilepsy subtype in adults and is frequently accompanied by depression, anxiety and psychosis. Aberrations in total paraoxonase 1 (PON1) status may occur in TLE and these psychiatric conditions. AIM To examine PON1 status, namely Q192R PON1 genotypes and PON1 enzymatic activities, in TLE. METHODS We recruited 40 normal controls and 104 TLE patients, 27 without comorbidities and 77 with comorbidities including mood disorders (n = 25), anxiety disorders (n = 27) and psychosis (n = 25). RESULTS Four-(chloromethyl)phenyl acetate hydrolysis (CMPAase) and arylesterase activities were significantly lower in TLE and mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS) with and without psychiatric comorbidities than those in normal controls. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of CMPAase were 0.893 (0.037) for TLE and 0.895 (± 0.037) for MTS. Partial least squares path analysis showed that there were specific indirect effects of PON1 genotype on TLE severity (P < 0.0001) and psychopathology (P < 0.0001), which were both mediated by lowered CMPAase activity, while arylesterase activity was not significant. The severity of TLE was significantly associated with psychopathology scores. Furthermore, PON1 CMPAase activity was inversely associated with Mini Mental State Examination score. CONCLUSION The severity of TLE and comorbidities are to a large extent explained by reduced PON1 enzyme activities and by effects of the Q192R genotype, which are mediated by reduced CMPAase activity. Total PON1 status plays a key role in the pathophysiology of TLE, MTS and psychiatric comorbidities by increasing the risk of oxidative toxicity. PON1 enzyme activities are new drug targets in TLE to treat seizure frequency and psychiatric comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Michelin
- Health Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86038-440, Brazil
| | - Michael H J Maes
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv 4004, Bulgaria
- IMPACT Strategic Research Center, Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia
| | | | - Chusak Limotai
- Chulalongkorn Comprehensive Epilepsy Center of Excellence, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | | | | | | | | | - Buranee Kanchanatawan
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Oroian BA, Ciobica A, Timofte D, Stefanescu C, Serban IL. New Metabolic, Digestive, and Oxidative Stress-Related Manifestations Associated with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:5599265. [PMID: 34966477 PMCID: PMC8712172 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5599265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) represents a pressing and generally invalidating syndrome that is triggered by a terrifying or stressful experience, relying on recurrently reliving the traumatic event feelings associated to it, which is subsequently linked to ongoing activations of stress-related neurobiological pathways and is often associated with neurodegeneration. In this paper, we examine what lies beneath this disorder, reviewing evidence that connects PTSD with a wide array of mechanisms and its intertwined pathways that can lead to the decompensation of different pathologies, such as cardiovascular disease, gastrointestinal ailments, autoimmune disorders, and endocrine diseases. Also, the significance of the oxidative stress in this frame of reference is debated. Thus, knowing and identifying the main features of the distressing experience, the circumstances around it, as well as the neuropsychological and emotional characteristics of people prone to develop PTSD after going through disturbing incidents can offer an opportunity to anticipate the development of potential destructive consequences in several psychological dimensions: cognitive, affective, relational, behavioral, and somatic. We can also observe more closely the intricate connections of the disorder to other pathologies and their underlying mechanisms such as inflammation, oxidative stress, bacterial overgrowth syndrome, irritable bowel syndrome, metabolic disorders, oxytocin, and cortisol in order to understand it better and to optimize the course of treatment and its management. The complex foundation PTSD possesses is supported by the existing clinical, preclinical, and experimental data encompassed in the current review. Different biological systems and processes such as the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, sympathetic nervous system, oxidative stress, inflammation, and microbiome suffer modifications and changes when it comes to PTSD; that is why targeted therapies exert tremendous alleviations of symptoms in patients diagnosed with this disorder. Therefore, this implies that PTSD is not restricted to the psychiatric domain and should be viewed as a systemic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alin Ciobica
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, B dul Carol I No. 11 Iasi, Romania
| | - Daniel Timofte
- “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16, Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cristinel Stefanescu
- “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16, Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ionela Lăcrămioara Serban
- “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16, Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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Majeed A, Javed F, Akhtar S, Saleem U, Anwar F, Ahmad B, Nadhman A, Shahnaz G, Hussain I, Hussain SZ, Sohail MF. Green synthesized selenium doped zinc oxide nano-antibiotic: synthesis, characterization and evaluation of antimicrobial, nanotoxicity and teratogenicity potential. J Mater Chem B 2021; 8:8444-8458. [PMID: 32812631 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01553a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A facile, green synthesis of selenium doped zinc oxide nano-antibiotic (Se-ZnO-NAB) using the Curcuma longa extract is reported to combat the increased emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The developed Se-ZnO-NAB were characterized for their physicochemical parameters and extensively evaluated for their toxicological potential in an animal model. The prepared Se-ZnO-NABs were characterized via Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy to get functional insight into their surface chemistry, scanning electron microscopy revealing the polyhedral morphology with a size range of 36 ± 16 nm, having -28.9 ± 6.42 mV zeta potential, and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry confirming the amount of Se and Zn to be 14.43 and 71.70 mg L-1 respectively. Moreover, the antibacterial activity against MRSA showed significantly low minimum inhibitory concentration at 6.2 μg mL-1 when compared against antibiotics. Also, total protein content and reactive oxygen species production in MRSA, under the stressed environment of Se-ZnO-NAB, significantly (p < 0.05) decreased compared to the negative control. Moreover, the results of acute oral toxicity in rats showed moderate variations in blood biochemistry and histopathology of vital organs. The teratogenicity and fetal evaluations also revealed some signs of toxicity along with changes in biochemical parameters. The overall outcomes suggest that Se-ZnO-NAB can be of significant importance for combating multi-drug resistance but must be used with extreme caution, particularly in pregnancy, as moderate toxicity was observed at a toxic dose of 2000 mg kg-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Majeed
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (RIPS), Riphah International University, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Faryal Javed
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (RIPS), Riphah International University, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Sundus Akhtar
- Department of Biotechnology, Minhaj University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Saleem
- Department of Pharmacy, Government College University (GCU), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Fareeha Anwar
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (RIPS), Riphah International University, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Bashir Ahmad
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (RIPS), Riphah International University, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Akhtar Nadhman
- Institute of Integrative Biosciences, CECOS University, Phase VI, Hayatabad, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Gul Shahnaz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Irshad Hussain
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, SBA School of Science and Engineering (SBA-SSE), Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS), Lahore - 54792, Pakistan.
| | - Syed Zajif Hussain
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, SBA School of Science and Engineering (SBA-SSE), Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS), Lahore - 54792, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Farhan Sohail
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (RIPS), Riphah International University, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan. and Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, SBA School of Science and Engineering (SBA-SSE), Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS), Lahore - 54792, Pakistan.
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Bayazit H, Dulgeroglu D, Selek S. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Oxidative Stress in Cannabis Dependence. Neuropsychobiology 2021; 79:186-190. [PMID: 31779002 DOI: 10.1159/000504626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neurotrophin levels and oxidative stress markers such as ceruloplasmin and free thiols have been shown to contribute to pathophysiology in several psychiatric disorders. OBJECTIVE Our aim is to evaluate whether those markers are altered in cannabis dependence. METHODS Forty-five cannabis-dependent patients diagnosed according to the DSM-IV criteria and 45 healthy controls matched according to sex, age, BMI, and smoking status were enrolled. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), ceruloplasmin, lipid hydroperoxide, and total free thiols were measured in both groups. Those who had psychiatric comorbidities were excluded before sampling. RESULTS We found significantly increased BDNF, ceruloplasmin, and lipid hydroperoxide, and decreased free thiol levels in patients with cannabis dependence. There is also a positive correlation between BDNF and lipid hydroperoxide (n = r = 0.472, p < 0.001) and a negative correlation between BDNF and total thiols (n = r = -0.412, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Increased BDNF might be a sign of impaired neuronal plasticity that is crucial for memory formation and adaptive response to drug addiction. Neuronal plasticity in the ventral tegmental area dopaminergic neurons was implied to play a role in substance addiction disorders, and these adaptations can be secondary to oxidative stress. Our findings, including increased lipid hydroperoxide, ceruloplasmin, and decreased free thiols, might support this hypothesis. In conclusion, cannabis dependency alters BDNF levels and increases oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huseyin Bayazit
- Department of Psychiatry, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA,
| | - Dilruba Dulgeroglu
- Community-Based Treatment Team, Bagcilar Education and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Salih Selek
- Department of Psychiatry, Texas University Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Anjum A, Anwar H, Sohail MU, Ali Shah SM, Hussain G, Rasul A, Ijaz MU, Nisar J, Munir N, Shahzad A. The association between serum cortisol, thyroid profile, paraoxonase activity, arylesterase activity and anthropometric parameters of undergraduate students under examination stress. EUR J INFLAMM 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/20587392211000884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress caused due to examinations during any degree program and at any educational level has been observed at all levels so the present study was conducted to investigate the stress related to final examination in undergraduate students with reference to their academic performance. Fifty-four volunteers were divided into three groups, ( n = 18), according to their academic performance, that is, Group A with low CGPA (⩽2.99), Group B with average CGPA (⩾3.00–3.59) and Group C with high CGPA (⩾3.60) and blood samples (3 ml) were taken at three-time intervals, that is, pre-examination, during examination and post examination time interval, at the Department of Physiology, Government College University, Faisalabad. Anthropometric parameters like height, weight, blood pressure, heart rate and body mass index (BMI) were also determined. Blood cortisol and thyroid hormones (triiodothyronine, T3; thyroxine, T4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)) were measured using ELISA based technique. Arylesterase activity (ARE) and paraoxonase activity (PON-1) were also measured using colorimetric method. The results showed that overall cortisol level was increased at pre-examination and during examination time intervals as compared to the post examination time interval while PON-1 and ARE were significantly ( p < 0.05) decreased. With regards to T4 and TSH, a non-significant ( p < 0.05) difference was observed in pre and post examination time interval. It could be concluded from the current study that semester system examinations significantly ( p < 0.05) imposed stress in all students group at pre-examination interval as compare to post examination interval and this examination related stress was find more in the students already obtained low CGPA as compared to the other studied groups. Although, a correlation between academic performance and examinations stress in semester system was found but a large scale trial in multiple institutions throughout the Pakistan is required to exclude any socioeconomic factors because Pakistan belongs to developing country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armghan Anjum
- Department of Physiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Haseeb Anwar
- Department of Physiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Syed Muhammad Ali Shah
- Department of Eastern Medicine and Surgery, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Hussain
- Department of Physiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Umar Ijaz
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Jaweria Nisar
- Department of Eastern Medicine and Surgery, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Munir
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Asif Shahzad
- Department of Physiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Vismara M, Girone N, Cirnigliaro G, Fasciana F, Vanzetto S, Ferrara L, Priori A, D’Addario C, Viganò C, Dell’Osso B. Peripheral Biomarkers in DSM-5 Anxiety Disorders: An Updated Overview. Brain Sci 2020; 10:E564. [PMID: 32824625 PMCID: PMC7464377 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10080564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Anxiety disorders are prevalent and highly disabling mental disorders. In recent years, intensive efforts focused on the search for potential neuroimaging, genetic, and peripheral biomarkers in order to better understand the pathophysiology of these disorders, support their diagnosis, and characterize the treatment response. Of note, peripheral blood biomarkers, as surrogates for the central nervous system, represent a promising instrument to characterize psychiatric disorders, although their role has not been extensively applied to clinical practice. In this report, the state of the art on peripheral biomarkers of DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition) Anxiety Disorders is presented, in order to examine their role in the pathogenesis of these conditions and their potential application for diagnosis and treatment. Available data on the cerebrospinal fluid and blood-based biomarkers related to neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, neurotrophic factors, and the inflammation and immune system are reviewed. Despite the wide scientific literature and the promising results in the field, only a few of the proposed peripheral biomarkers have been defined as a specific diagnostic instrument or have been identified as a guide in the treatment response to DSM-5 Anxiety Disorders. Therefore, further investigations are needed to provide new biological insights into the pathogenesis of anxiety disorders, to help in their diagnosis, and to tailor a treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Vismara
- Department of Mental Health, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “Luigi Sacco”, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (N.G.); (G.C.); (F.F.); (S.V.); (L.F.); (C.V.); (B.D.)
| | - Nicolaja Girone
- Department of Mental Health, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “Luigi Sacco”, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (N.G.); (G.C.); (F.F.); (S.V.); (L.F.); (C.V.); (B.D.)
| | - Giovanna Cirnigliaro
- Department of Mental Health, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “Luigi Sacco”, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (N.G.); (G.C.); (F.F.); (S.V.); (L.F.); (C.V.); (B.D.)
| | - Federica Fasciana
- Department of Mental Health, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “Luigi Sacco”, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (N.G.); (G.C.); (F.F.); (S.V.); (L.F.); (C.V.); (B.D.)
| | - Simone Vanzetto
- Department of Mental Health, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “Luigi Sacco”, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (N.G.); (G.C.); (F.F.); (S.V.); (L.F.); (C.V.); (B.D.)
| | - Luca Ferrara
- Department of Mental Health, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “Luigi Sacco”, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (N.G.); (G.C.); (F.F.); (S.V.); (L.F.); (C.V.); (B.D.)
| | - Alberto Priori
- Department of Health Sciences, Aldo Ravelli Center for Neurotechnology and Brain Therapeutic, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy;
| | - Claudio D’Addario
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy;
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Caterina Viganò
- Department of Mental Health, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “Luigi Sacco”, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (N.G.); (G.C.); (F.F.); (S.V.); (L.F.); (C.V.); (B.D.)
| | - Bernardo Dell’Osso
- Department of Mental Health, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “Luigi Sacco”, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (N.G.); (G.C.); (F.F.); (S.V.); (L.F.); (C.V.); (B.D.)
- Department of Health Sciences, Aldo Ravelli Center for Neurotechnology and Brain Therapeutic, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy;
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Bipolar Disorders Clinic, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- “Centro per lo studio dei meccanismi molecolari alla base delle patologie neuro-psico-geriatriche”, University of Milan, 20100 Milan, Italy
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Humer E, Pieh C, Probst T. Metabolomic Biomarkers in Anxiety Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4784. [PMID: 32640734 PMCID: PMC7369790 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Anxiety disorders range among the most prevalent psychiatric disorders and belong to the leading disorders in the study of the total global burden of disease. Anxiety disorders are complex conditions, with not fully understood etiological mechanisms. Numerous factors, including psychological, genetic, biological, and chemical factors, are thought to be involved in their etiology. Although the diagnosis of anxiety disorders is constantly evolving, diagnostic manuals rely on symptom lists, not on objective biomarkers and treatment effects are small to moderate. The underlying biological factors that drive anxiety disorders may be better suited to serve as biomarkers for guiding personalized medicine, as they are objective and can be measured externally. Therefore, the incorporation of novel biomarkers into current clinical methods might help to generate a classification system for anxiety disorders that can be linked to the underlying dysfunctional pathways. The study of metabolites (metabolomics) in a large-scale manner shows potential for disease diagnosis, for stratification of patients in a heterogeneous patient population, for monitoring therapeutic efficacy and disease progression, and for defining therapeutic targets. All of these are important properties for anxiety disorders, which is a multifactorial condition not involving a single-gene mutation. This review summarizes recent investigations on metabolomics studies in anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Humer
- Department for Psychotherapy and Biopsychosocial Health, Danube University Krems, 3500 Krems, Austria; (C.P.); (T.P.)
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Alım Z, Kılıç D, Demir Y. Some indazoles reduced the activity of human serum paraoxonase 1, an antioxidant enzyme: in vitro inhibition and molecular modeling studies. Arch Physiol Biochem 2019; 125:387-395. [PMID: 29741961 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2018.1470646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: Paraoxonase 1 (PON1: EC 3.1.8.1) is a vital antioxidant enzyme against mainly atherosclerosis and many other diseases associated with oxidative stress. Thus, studies related to PON1 have an important place in the pharmacology. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the in vitro inhibition effects of some indazoles on the activity of human PON1. Methods: PON1 was purified from human serum with a specific activity of 5000 U/mg and 13.50% yield by using simple chromatographic methods. Results: The indazoles showed Ki values in a range of 26.0 ± 3.00-111 ± 31.0 μM against hPON1. All these indazoles exhibited competitive inhibition. In addition, molecular docking studies were performed in order to assess the probable binding mechanisms into the active site of hPON1. Molecular modeling studies confirmed our results. Conclusions: Inhibition of PON1 by indazoles supplies a verification to further consideration of limitation dosage of indazole molecule groups as drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuhal Alım
- Faculty of Science and Arts, Department of Chemistry, Ahi Evran University , Kırşehir , Turkey
| | - Deryanur Kılıç
- Faculty of Science and Arts, Department of Chemistry, Aksaray University , Aksaray , Turkey
| | - Yeliz Demir
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Division, Ataturk University , Erzurum , Turkey
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Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder is a serious and often disabling syndrome that develops in response to a traumatic event. Many individuals who initially develop the disorder go on to experience a chronic form of the condition that in some cases can last for many years. Among these patients, psychiatric and medical comorbidities are common, including early onset of age-related conditions such as chronic pain, cardiometabolic disease, neurocognitive disorders, and dementia. The hallmark symptoms of posttraumatic stress-recurrent sensory-memory reexperiencing of the trauma(s)-are associated with concomitant activations of threat- and stress-related neurobiological pathways that occur against a tonic backdrop of sleep disturbance and heightened physiological arousal. Emerging evidence suggests that the molecular consequences of this stress-perpetuating syndrome include elevated systemic levels of oxidative stress and inflammation. In this article we review evidence for the involvement of oxidative stress and inflammation in chronic PTSD and the neurobiological consequences of these processes, including accelerated cellular aging and neuroprogression. Our aim is to update and expand upon previous reviews of this rapidly developing literature and to discuss magnetic resonance spectroscopy as an imaging technology uniquely suited to measuring oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in vivo. Finally, we highlight future directions for research and avenues for the development of novel therapeutics targeting oxidative stress and inflammation in patients with PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark W Miller
- From the Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine (Drs. M. W. Miller, Wolf, and D. R. Miller); National Center for PTSD, Behavioral Science Division, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA (Drs. M. W. Miller, Wolf, and D. R. Miller); Harvard Medical School and Department of Radiology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (Dr. Lin)
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21
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Metabolomic and glycomic findings in posttraumatic stress disorder. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2019; 88:181-193. [PMID: 30025792 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a stressor-related disorder that develops in a subset of individuals exposed to a traumatic experience. Factors associated with vulnerability to PTSD are still not fully understood. PTSD is frequently comorbid with various psychiatric and somatic disorders, moderate response to treatment and remission rates. The term "theranostics" combines diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy and offers targeted therapy based on specific analyses. Theranostics, combined with novel techniques and approaches called "omics", which integrate genomics, transcriptomic, proteomics and metabolomics, might improve knowledge about biological underpinning of PTSD, and offer novel therapeutic strategies. The focus of this review is on metabolomic and glycomic data in PTSD. Metabolomics evaluates changes in the metabolome of an organism by exploring the set of small molecules (metabolites), while glycomics studies the glycome, a complete repertoire of glycan structures with their functional roles in biological systems. Both metabolome and glycome reflect the physiological and pathological conditions in individuals. Only a few studies evaluated metabolic and glycomic changes in patients with PTSD. The metabolomics studies in PTSD patients uncovered different metabolites that might be associated with psychopathological alterations in PTSD. The glycomics study in PTSD patients determined nine N-glycan structures and found accelerated and premature aging in traumatized subjects and subjects with PTSD based on a GlycoAge index. Therefore, further larger studies and replications are needed. Better understanding of the biological basis of PTSD, including metabolomic and glycomic data, and their integration with other "omics" approaches, might identify new molecular targets and might provide improved therapeutic approaches.
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Moreira EG, Boll KM, Correia DG, Soares JF, Rigobello C, Maes M. Why Should Psychiatrists and Neuroscientists Worry about Paraoxonase 1? Curr Neuropharmacol 2019; 17:1004-1020. [PMID: 30592255 PMCID: PMC7052826 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x17666181227164947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitro-oxidative stress (NOS) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders. The activity of the polymorphic antioxidant enzyme paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is altered in diseases where NOS is involved. PON1 activity may be estimated using different substrates some of which are influenced by PON1 polymorphisms. OBJECTIVES 1) to review the association between PON1 activities and psychiatric diseases using a standardized PON1 substrate terminology in order to offer a state-of-the-art review; and 2) to review the efficacy of different strategies (nutrition, drugs, lifestyle) to enhance PON1 activities. METHODS The PubMed database was searched using the terms paraoxonase 1 and psychiatric diseases. Moreover, the database was also searched for clinical trials investigating strategies to enhance PON1 activity. RESULTS The studies support decreased PON1 activity as determined using phenylacetate (i.e., arylesterase or AREase) as a substrate, in depression, bipolar disorder, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and schizophrenia, especially in antipsychotic-free patients. PON1 activity as determined with paraoxon (i.e., POase activity) yields more controversial results, which can be explained by the lack of adjustment for the Q192R polymorphism. The few clinical trials investigating the influence of nutritional, lifestyle and drugs on PON1 activities in the general population suggest that some polyphenols, oleic acid, Mediterranean diet, no smoking, being physically active and statins may be effective strategies that increase PON1 activity. CONCLUSION Lowered PON1 activities appear to be a key component in the ongoing NOS processes that accompany affective disorders, GAD and schizophrenia. Treatments increasing attenuated PON1 activity could possibly be new drug targets for treating these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefania Gastaldello Moreira
- Address correspondence to this author at the Departamento de Ciencias Fisiologicas, Lab. 6; Centro de Ciências Biologicas, CEP 86057-970, Londrina, PR Brazil; Tel: +55 (43) 3371-4307; E-mail:
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Petrovic R, Puskas L, Jevtic Dozudic G, Stojkovic T, Velimirovic M, Nikolic T, Zivkovic M, Djorovic DJ, Nenadovic M, Petronijevic N. NADPH oxidase and redox status in amygdala, hippocampus and cortex of male Wistar rats in an animal model of post-traumatic stress disorder. Stress 2018; 21:494-502. [PMID: 29804499 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2018.1474874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a highly prevalent and impairing disorder. Oxidative stress is implicated in its pathogenesis. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase is an important source of free radicals. The aim of the study was to assess oxidative stress parameters, activities of respiratory chain enzymes, and the expression of NADPH oxidase subunits (gp91phox, p22phox, and p67phox) in the single prolonged stress (SPS) animal model of PTSD. Twenty-four (12 controls; 12 subjected to SPS), 9-week-old, male Wistar rats were used. SPS included physical restraint, forced swimming, and ether exposure. The rats were euthanized seven days later. Cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and thalamus were dissected. Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), Complex I, and cytochrome C oxidase were measured using spectrophotometric methods, while the expression of NADPH oxidase subunits was determined by Western blot. Increased MDA and decreased GSH concentrations were found in the amygdala and hippocampus of the SPS rats. SOD activity was decreased in amygdala and GPx was decreased in hippocampus. Increased expression of the NADPH oxidase subunits was seen in amygdala, while mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme expression was unchanged both in amygdala and hippocampus. In the cortex concentrations of MDA and GSH were unchanged despite increased Complex I and decreased GPx, while in the thalamus no change of any parameter was noticed. We conclude that oxidative stress is present in hippocampus and amygdala seven days after the SPS procedure. NADPH oxidase seems to be a main source of free radicals in the amygdala.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romana Petrovic
- Special Psychiatric Hospital Laza Lazarevic, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Laslo Puskas
- Institute of Anatomy "Niko Miljanic", School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Gordana Jevtic Dozudic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tihomir Stojkovic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Velimirovic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Nikolic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Zivkovic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Djordje J Djorovic
- Institute of Anatomy "Niko Miljanic", School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Natasa Petronijevic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Santos P, Herrmann AP, Elisabetsky E, Piato A. Anxiolytic properties of compounds that counteract oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and glutamatergic dysfunction: a review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 41:168-178. [PMID: 30328963 PMCID: PMC6781690 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Anxiety disorders are highly prevalent and the efficacy of the available anxiolytic drugs is less than desired. Adverse effects also compromise patient quality of life and adherence to treatment. Accumulating evidence shows that the pathophysiology of anxiety and related disorders is multifactorial, involving oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and glutamatergic dysfunction. The aim of this review was to evaluate data from animal studies and clinical trials showing the anxiolytic effects of agents whose mechanisms of action target these multiple domains. Methods: The PubMed database was searched for multitarget agents that had been evaluated in animal models of anxiety, as well as randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trials of anxiety and/or anxiety related disorders. Results: The main multitarget agents that have shown consistent anxiolytic effects in various animal models of anxiety, as well in clinical trials, are agomelatine, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), and omega-3 fatty acids. Data from clinical trials are preliminary at best, but reveal good safety profiles and tolerance to adverse effects. Conclusion: Agomelatine, NAC and omega-3 fatty acids show beneficial effects in clinical conditions where mainstream treatments are ineffective. These three multitarget agents are considered promising candidates for innovative, effective, and better-tolerated anxiolytics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana P Herrmann
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Elaine Elisabetsky
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Angelo Piato
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Guo ZN, Lv S, Liu J, Wang Z, Jin H, Qiu Q, Sun X, Yang Y. Compromised dynamic cerebral autoregulation in patients with generalized anxiety disorder: a study using transfer function analysis. BMC Psychiatry 2018; 18:164. [PMID: 29859053 PMCID: PMC5984810 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-018-1713-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) usually present with various neurological symptoms, but the mechanisms remain unclear. We aimed to analyze the characteristics of dynamic cerebral autoregulation (dCA) in patients with GAD. METHODS Patients (aged ≥18 years) who were diagnosed with GAD were enrolled in this study. Medically and psychiatrically healthy volunteers were recruited as controls. Subjects received the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAMA) and 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) evaluation. Noninvasive continuous arterial blood pressure and bilateral middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity were recorded simultaneously from each subject. Transfer function analysis was used to derive the autoregulatory parameters, including phase difference, gain, and coherence function. RESULTS A total of 57 patients with GAD and 40 healthy volunteers were enrolled. We found that the phase difference values were significantly compromised in patients with GAD. In the Spearman correlation analysis, the phase difference values were negatively correlated with the HAMA scores and the HAMD scores. In the multiple linear regression analysis, GAD is negatively correlated with the phase difference values, whereas age is positively correlated with the phase difference values. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested that the dCA was compromised in patients with GAD and negatively correlated with the score of anxiety. Improving the dCA may be a potential therapeutic method for treating the neurological symptoms of GAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Ni Guo
- grid.430605.4Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Street 71#, Chang Chun, 130021 China ,grid.430605.4Clinical Trail and Research Center for Stroke, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, China
| | - Shan Lv
- grid.430605.4Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Street 71#, Chang Chun, 130021 China
| | - Jia Liu
- 0000 0001 0483 7922grid.458489.cShenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen University Town, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zan Wang
- grid.430605.4Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Street 71#, Chang Chun, 130021 China
| | - Hang Jin
- grid.430605.4Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Street 71#, Chang Chun, 130021 China
| | - Quanli Qiu
- 0000 0001 0483 7922grid.458489.cShenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen University Town, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin Sun
- Clinical Trail and Research Center for Stroke, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, China.
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Street 71#, Chang Chun, 130021, China. .,Clinical Trail and Research Center for Stroke, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, China.
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Islam MR, Islam MR, Ahmed I, Moktadir AA, Nahar Z, Islam MS, Shahid SFB, Islam SN, Islam MS, Hasnat A. Elevated serum levels of malondialdehyde and cortisol are associated with major depressive disorder: A case-control study. SAGE Open Med 2018; 6:2050312118773953. [PMID: 29770218 PMCID: PMC5946642 DOI: 10.1177/2050312118773953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Major depressive disorder is diagnosed on the basis of patient’s self-reported experiences, behavior reported by relatives, and a mental status examination, and yet we do not have any reliable biomarker for this. Mood-regulating pathways are affected by oxidative injury to lipids and cortisol is released into the blood due to stimulation of corticotrophin receptors in the adrenal cortex. Here, we aimed to determine serum levels of malondialdehyde and cortisol in major depressive disorder patients and controls. Methods: We collected blood samples from 247 major depressive disorder patients and 248 controls. Serum levels of malondialdehyde and cortisol were measured by ultraviolet spectrophotometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit, respectively. Results: We found malondialdehyde levels were significantly higher in patients than controls, with mean ± standard deviation at 4.49 ± 1.37 and 2.87 ± 0.82 µmol/L, respectively, p < 0.001. Cortisol levels were also found significantly higher in patients than controls, with mean ± SD at 19.22 ± 1.64 and 17.37 ± 1.34 µg/dL, respectively, p < 0.001. Significant negative correlation was observed between serum levels of malondialdehyde and cortisol in patients (r =−0.170, p = 0.021). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed good diagnostic value for malondialdehyde and cortisol, with the area under the curve at 0.853 and 0.819, respectively. Conclusion: The present study suggests that increased serum levels of malondialdehyde and cortisol are strongly associated with major depressive disorder. We believe elevations of malondialdehyde and cortisol in serum level arise independently and they could serve as biomarkers for major depressive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Rabiul Islam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Reazul Islam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Imtiaz Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health & Life Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Zabun Nahar
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Safiqul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | | | - Sheikh Nazrul Islam
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Saiful Islam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Abul Hasnat
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Maes M, Bonifacio KL, Morelli NR, Vargas HO, Moreira EG, St Stoyanov D, Barbosa DS, Carvalho AF, Nunes SOV. Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) and Comorbid Major Depression with GAD Are Characterized by Enhanced Nitro-oxidative Stress, Increased Lipid Peroxidation, and Lowered Lipid-Associated Antioxidant Defenses. Neurotox Res 2018; 34:489-510. [PMID: 29736827 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-018-9906-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence shows that nitro-oxidative pathways play an important role in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) and maybe anxiety disorders. The current study aims to examine superoxide dismutase (SOD1), catalase, lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH), nitric oxide metabolites (NOx), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), paraoxonase 1 (PON1), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and uric acid (UA) in participants with and without generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) co-occurring or not with BD, MDD, or tobacco use disorder. Z unit-weighted composite scores were computed as indices of nitro-oxidative stress driving lipid and protein oxidation. SOD1, LOOH, NOx, and uric acid were significantly higher and HDL and PON1 significantly lower in participants with GAD than in those without GAD. GAD was more adequately predicted by increased SOD + LOOH + NOx and lowered HDL + PON1 composite scores. Composite scores of nitro-oxidative stress coupled with aldehyde and AOPP production were significantly increased in participants with comorbid GAD + MDD as compared with all other study groups, namely MDD, GAD + BD, BD, GAD, and healthy controls. In conclusion, GAD is characterized by increased nitro-oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation and lowered lipid-associated antioxidant defenses, while increased uric acid levels in GAD may protect against aldehyde production and protein oxidation. This study suggests that increased nitro-oxidative stress and especially increased SOD1 activity, NO production, and lipid peroxidation as well as lowered HDL-cholesterol and PON1 activity could be novel drug targets for GAD especially when comorbid with MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Maes
- Health Sciences Graduation Program, Health Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Parana, Brazil.
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv and Technological Center for Emergency Medicine, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
- School of Medicine, IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Deakin University, PO Box 281, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia.
| | - Kamila Landucci Bonifacio
- Health Sciences Graduation Program, Health Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Parana, Brazil
| | - Nayara Rampazzo Morelli
- Health Sciences Graduation Program, Health Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Parana, Brazil
| | - Heber Odebrecht Vargas
- Health Sciences Graduation Program, Health Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Parana, Brazil
| | | | - Drozdstoy St Stoyanov
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv and Technological Center for Emergency Medicine, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Décio Sabbatini Barbosa
- Health Sciences Graduation Program, Health Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Parana, Brazil
| | - André F Carvalho
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Addiction & Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Fındıklı E, Camkurt MA, İzci F, Karaaslan MF, Fındıklı HA, Sümer P, Kurutaş EB. The Diagnostic Value of Malondialdehyde, Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase Activity in Drug Naïve, First Episode, Non-Smoker Generalized Anxiety Disorder Patients. CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE 2018; 16:88-94. [PMID: 29397670 PMCID: PMC5810442 DOI: 10.9758/cpn.2018.16.1.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Objective Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a common anxiety disorder. Although lots of research done to reveal neurobiological basis of GAD, it is still unclear. Diagnosis of GAD depends on subjective complaints of patients, thus the need for a biological marker is constantly emerging. In this study, we aimed to investigate diagnostic value of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in GAD. Methods We evaluated MDA, SOD, and CAT levels in peripheral blood of 46 patients and 45 controls. MDA was measured with Ohkawa’s methods, SOD was measured with Fridovich method, and CAT was measured with Beutler’s method. Results MDA was significantly increased in patients than controls, medians 4.05 nmol/mg and 1.71 nmol/mg respectively, p<0.001; SOD and CAT activity was significantly decreased in patients than controls, medians of SOD were 159.07 U/mg and 301.87 U/mg, p<0.001 respectively, medians for CAT were 138.47 U/mg and 160.60 U/mg respectively. We found high correlation between Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale and SOD, MDA r values were 0.723 and 0.715 respectively, p<0.001 for both. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed high diagnostic performance for MDA and SOD, low diagnostic performance for CAT, areas under curve were 1.0, 1.0, and 0.648 respectively. Conclusion Our results reveal possible diagnostic value of MDA, less likely of SOD but not CAT. Future studies should investigate diagnostic value of oxidants and antioxidantn enzymes in larger samples and include diagnostic value of these parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Fındıklı
- Department of Psychiatry, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Akif Camkurt
- Department of Psychiatry, Afşin State Hospital, Afşin, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
| | - Filiz İzci
- Department of Psychiatry, İstanbul Bilgi University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Hüseyin Avni Fındıklı
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Perihan Sümer
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
| | - Ergül Belge Kurutaş
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
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29
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Go YM, Jones DP. Redox theory of aging: implications for health and disease. Clin Sci (Lond) 2017; 131:1669-1688. [PMID: 28667066 PMCID: PMC5773128 DOI: 10.1042/cs20160897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Genetics ultimately defines an individual, yet the phenotype of an adult is extensively determined by the sequence of lifelong exposures, termed the exposome. The redox theory of aging recognizes that animals evolved within an oxygen-rich environment, which created a critical redox interface between an organism and its environment. Advances in redox biology show that redox elements are present throughout metabolic and structural systems and operate as functional networks to support the genome in adaptation to environmental resources and challenges during lifespan. These principles emphasize that physical and functional phenotypes of an adult are determined by gene-environment interactions from early life onward. The principles highlight the critical nature of cumulative exposure memories in defining changes in resilience progressively during life. Both plasma glutathione and cysteine systems become oxidized with aging, and the recent finding that cystine to glutathione ratio in human plasma predicts death in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients suggests this could provide a way to measure resilience of redox networks in aging and disease. The emerging concepts of cumulative gene-environment interactions warrant focused efforts to elucidate central mechanisms by which exposure memory governs health and etiology, onset and progression of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Mi Go
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, U.S.A
| | - Dean P Jones
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, U.S.A.
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Alim Z, Kilic D, Koksal Z, Beydemir S, Ozdemir H. Assessment of the inhibitory effects and molecular docking of some sulfonamides on human serum paraoxonase 1. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2017; 31. [DOI: 10.1002/jbt.21950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zuhal Alim
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Arts, Ahi Evran University; Kırşehir 40000 Turkey
| | - Deryanur Kilic
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Sciences, Ataturk University; Erzurum 25240 Turkey
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Arts Aksaray University; Aksaray 68000 Turkey
| | - Zeynep Koksal
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Sciences, Istanbul Medeniyet University; Istanbul 34730 Turkey
| | - Sukru Beydemir
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University; Eskişehir 26470 Turkey
| | - Hasan Ozdemir
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Sciences, Ataturk University; Erzurum 25240 Turkey
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Foyet SH, Balmus IM, Hervé Hervé NA, Emmanuel AA, Guenne S, Kiendrebéogo M, Ciobica A. Ethnopharmacological approaches in mood and anxiety disorders. The relevance of the oxidative stress status. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 14:/j/jcim.ahead-of-print/jcim-2016-0059/jcim-2016-0059.xml. [PMID: 28284035 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2016-0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases and psychiatric disorders are one of the most important pathologies that lead to increased morbidity in populations. Both mood and anxiety disorders include mental disorders not caused by detectable organic abnormalities of the brain. At the molecular level, affective spectrum symptomatology is due to neurotransmitter dysregulation including receptor or transporter impairments and also due to faulty intracellular signaling that generally leads to impaired neurotransmission. Also, recent studies have shown the relationship between oxidative stress and the development of affective disorders. Since classical medication can cause major side effects and alternative approaches tend to be more and more trusted, it seems that plant extracts-based complementary therapies may offer superior yielding and safety compared to traditional medication.
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Ercan AC, Bahceci B, Polat S, Cenker OC, Bahceci I, Koroglu A, Sahin K, Hocaoglu C. Oxidative status and prolidase activities in generalized anxiety disorder. Asian J Psychiatr 2017; 25:118-122. [PMID: 28262130 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 09/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prolidase (Pro), an intracellular enzyme necessary for collagen turnover, matrix remodelling and cell growth has been shown to be related to Oxidative Stress (OS). To our knowledge, serum Pro activity in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) has not been documented yet. In this study, we aimed to evaluate OS and its relation with Pro activity in patients diagnosed with GAD. METHOD Thirty untreated GAD patients and 30 healthy controls were included in the study. Blood samples were collected from all subjects to quantify total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS) and Pro activity. Oxidative stress index (OSI), the ratio of TOS to TAS, is calculated to evaluate the balance between antioxidants and oxidants. Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) was used to determine the anxiety levels of all subjects. RESULTS GAD group demonstrated statistically significantly higher TOS, OSI and Pro levels, when compared with the control group (t=2.947, p=0.005; t=2.874, p=0.006; and t=9.396, p<0.001 respectively). HARS scores were found to be positively correlated with TOS, OSI and Pro levels (p=0.008, r=0.338; p=0.008, r=0.339; and p<0.001, r=0.751 respectively). CONCLUSION The degree of severity of OS is correlated with the levels of Pro. Thus, Pro might be the target enzyme, promising to be a marker for the follow-up of GAD patients. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to report a significant relation between Pro activity and GAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cenk Ercan
- Department of Psychiatry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Faculty of Medicine, Rize Research and Training Hospital. Rize Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi Psikiyatri Poliklinigi 53020 Rize, Turkey.
| | - Bulent Bahceci
- Department of Psychiatry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Faculty of Medicine, Rize Research and Training Hospital. Rize Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi Psikiyatri Poliklinigi 53020 Rize, Turkey.
| | - Selim Polat
- Department of Psychiatry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Faculty of Medicine, Rize Research and Training Hospital. Rize Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi Psikiyatri Poliklinigi 53020 Rize, Turkey.
| | - Ozgur Cagla Cenker
- Department of Psychiatry, Rize Kackar State Hospital. Kackar Devlet Hastanesi Psikiyatri Poliklinigi 53340 Pazar Rize, Turkey.
| | - Ilkay Bahceci
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Faculty of Medicine, Rize Research and Training Hospital. Rize Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi Medikal Mikrobiyoloji Laboratuvarı 53020 Rize, Turkey.
| | - Ayse Koroglu
- Department of Psychiatry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Faculty of Medicine, Rize Research and Training Hospital. Rize Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi Psikiyatri Poliklinigi 53020 Rize, Turkey.
| | - Kazim Sahin
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Faculty of Medicine, Rize Research and Training Hospital. Rize Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi Medikal Mikrobiyoloji Laboratuvarı 53020 Rize, Turkey.
| | - Cicek Hocaoglu
- Department of Psychiatry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Faculty of Medicine, Rize Research and Training Hospital. Rize Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi Psikiyatri Poliklinigi 53020 Rize, Turkey.
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Fındıklı E, Camkurt MA, Karaaslan MF, Kurutas EB, Altun H, İzci F, Fındıklı HA, Kardas S. Serum levels of G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1) in drug-naive patients with generalized anxiety disorder. Psychiatry Res 2016; 244:312-6. [PMID: 27512921 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.04.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Sex hormones, particularly estrogen, are suggested to play a role in the physiopathology of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Estrogen functions through the estrogen receptors alpha and beta and the recently discovered G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1). This study aimed, for the first time, to evaluate serum GPER1 levels in drug-naive patients with GAD. This study included 40 newly diagnosed drug-naive patients with GAD aged between 18 and 50 years and 40 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. Medical histories were obtained, and physical examinations and laboratory tests were conducted; the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) was also used for all participants. Serum GPER1 levels were measured. The serum GPER1 level was significantly higher in the patients with GAD than in the controls. A positive significant correlation was observed between the GPER1 level and the HAM-A score. The receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 85.0%, 82.5%, 82.9%, and 84.6%, respectively, for the presence of anxiety when the serum GPER1 value was ≥0.14 (the area under the curve was 0.904.). In conclusion, this study demonstrated that GPER1 levels were associated with the anxiety levels of patients, and that the serum GPER1 level was a valuable predictor of the presence of anxiety independent of gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Fındıklı
- Department of Psychiatry, Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey.
| | | | | | | | - Hatice Altun
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Filiz İzci
- Department of Psychiatry, Bilim University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Selçuk Kardas
- Department of Psychiatry, Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
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Atli A, Bulut M, Bez Y, Kaplan İ, Özdemir PG, Uysal C, Selçuk H, Sir A. Altered lipid peroxidation markers are related to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and not trauma itself in earthquake survivors. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2016; 266:329-36. [PMID: 26324882 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-015-0638-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The traumatic life events, including earthquakes, war, and interpersonal conflicts, cause a cascade of psychological and biological changes known as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a reliable marker of lipid peroxidation, and paraoxonase is a known antioxidant enzyme. The aims of this study were to investigate the relationship between earthquake trauma, PTSD effects on oxidative stress and the levels of serum paraoxonase 1 (PON1) enzyme activity, and levels of serum MDA. The study was carried out on three groups called: the PTSD group, the traumatized with earthquake exercise group, and healthy control group, which contained 32, 31, and 38 individuals, respectively. Serum MDA levels and PON1 enzyme activities from all participants were measured, and the results were compared across all groups. There were no significant differences between the PTSD patients and non-PTSD earthquake survivors in terms of the study variables. The mean PON1 enzyme activity from PTSD patients was significantly lower, while the mean MDA level was significantly higher than that of the healthy control group (p < 0.01 for both measurements). Similarly, earthquake survivors who did not develop PTSD showed higher MDA levels and lower PON1 activity when compared to healthy controls. However, the differences between these groups did not reach a statistically significant level. Increased MDA level and decreased PON1 activity measured in PTSD patients after earthquake and may suggest increased oxidative stress in these patients. The nonsignificant trends that are observed in lipid peroxidation markers of earthquake survivors may indicate higher impact of PTSD development on these markers than trauma itself. For example, PTSD diagnosis seems to add to the effect of trauma on serum MDA levels and PON1 enzyme activity. Thus, serum MDA levels and PON1 enzyme activity may serve as biochemical markers of PTSD diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Atli
- Department of Psychiatry, Dicle University, 21280, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
| | - Mahmut Bulut
- Department of Psychiatry, Dicle University, 21280, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Yasin Bez
- Department of Psychiatry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Kaplan
- Department of Biochemistry, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | | | - Cem Uysal
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Hilal Selçuk
- Department of Psychiatry, Selhaddin Eyyubi State Hospital, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Aytekin Sir
- Department of Psychiatry, Dicle University, 21280, Diyarbakir, Turkey
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Camkurt MA, Fındıklı E, İzci F, Kurutaş EB, Tuman TC. Evaluation of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity and their diagnostic value in drug naïve, first episode, non-smoker major depression patients and healthy controls. Psychiatry Res 2016; 238:81-85. [PMID: 27086215 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.01.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 01/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Major depression is a most frequent disorder, its diagnosis depends on patient interview, and yet we do not have a reliable biomarker for depression. Oxidative stress is defined as increase in oxidation or decrease is antioxidant defense mechanisms. Here, we aimed to investigate malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity and their diagnostic performance in depressed patients and healthy controls. We collected blood samples from 50 patients and 50 controls. We found MDA levels were significantly higher in the patients than controls, with medians at 4.04nmol/mg and 1.64nmol/mg, respectively, p<0.001. SOD activity was significantly decreased in depressed patients than healthy controls, with means at 143.50U/mg and 298.12U/mg, respectively, p<0.001. CAT activity was similar in both groups, p=0.517. ROC analysis showed good diagnostic value for MDA and SOD, with the area under the curve at 1.0 for both. We found high correlation between SOD and Ham-D scores (r=0.747, p<0.0001) and between MDA and Ham-D scores (r=0.785, p<0.0001). Overall, these results demonstrate that oxidative stress is increased in depressed patients. MDA increase seem to be a common finding for major depression. We believe MDA could be a good biomarker candidate for major depression, but not SOD. Future studies should focus on the diagnostic value of MDA in larger samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ebru Fındıklı
- Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Psychiatry Department, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
| | - Filiz İzci
- İstanbul Bilim University, Psychiatry Department, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ergül Belge Kurutaş
- Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Biochemistry Department, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
| | - Taha Can Tuman
- İzzet Baysal Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatry, Turkey
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Alim Z, Beydemir Ş. Some Anticancer Agents Act on Human Serum Paraoxonase-1 to Reduce Its Activity. Chem Biol Drug Des 2016; 88:188-96. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zuhal Alim
- Biochemistry Division; Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Arts; Ahi Evran University; Kırşehir 40000 Turkey
| | - Şükrü Beydemir
- Biochemistry Division; Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Sciences; Atatürk University; Erzurum 25240 Turkey
- Department of Food Sciences; Faculty of Engineering; Iğdır University; Iğdır Turkey
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37
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Liu FF, Yang LD, Sun XR, Zhang H, Pan W, Wang XM, Yang JJ, Ji MH, Yuan HM. NOX2 Mediated-Parvalbumin Interneuron Loss Might Contribute to Anxiety-Like and Enhanced Fear Learning Behavior in a Rat Model of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:6680-6689. [PMID: 26650043 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9571-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common psychiatric disease following exposure to a severe traumatic event or physiological stress, yet the precise mechanisms underlying PTSD remains largely to be determined. Using an animal model of PTSD induced by a single prolonged stress (SPS), we assessed the role of hippocampal nicotinamide adenosine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 2 (NOX2) and parvalbumin (PV) interneurons in the development of PTSD symptoms. In the present study, behavioral tests were performed by the open field (day 13 after SPS) and fear conditioning tests (days 13 and 14 after SPS). For the interventional study, rats were chronically treated with a NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin either by early or delayed administration. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, NOX2, 4-hydroxynonenal, and PV in the hippocampus were measured at the indicated time points. In the present study, we showed that SPS rats displayed anxiety-like and enhanced fear learning behavior, which was accompanied by the increased expressions of malondialdehyde, IL-6, NOX2, 4-hydroxynonenal, and decreased PV expression. Notably, early but not delayed treatment with apocynin reversed all these abnormalities after SPS. In conclusion, our results provided evidence that NOX2 activation in the hippocampus, at least in part, contributes to oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, which further results in PV interneuron loss and consequent PTSD symptoms in a rat model of PTSD induced by SPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Fang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin-Dong Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Ru Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xing-Ming Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian-Jun Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mu-Huo Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Hong-Mei Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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38
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Mocelin R, Herrmann AP, Marcon M, Rambo CL, Rohden A, Bevilaqua F, de Abreu MS, Zanatta L, Elisabetsky E, Barcellos LJ, Lara DR, Piato AL. N-acetylcysteine prevents stress-induced anxiety behavior in zebrafish. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2015; 139 Pt B:121-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2014] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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39
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Tabur S, Aksoy ŞN, Korkmaz H, Ozkaya M, Aksoy N, Akarsu E. Investigation of the role of 8-OHdG and oxidative stress in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2014; 36:2667-74. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2889-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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40
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Sureda A, Mestre-Alfaro A, Banquells M, Riera J, Drobnic F, Camps J, Joven J, Tur JA, Pons A. Exercise in a hot environment influences plasma anti-inflammatory and antioxidant status in well-trained athletes. J Therm Biol 2014; 47:91-8. [PMID: 25526659 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2014.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Exercise in thermally stressful environmental conditions can enhance oxidative stress. We sought to measure the plasma antioxidant defenses and cytokine response together with oxidative damage post-exercise in a temperate versus a hot environment. The plasma concentrations of vasoactive endothelin-1 and vascular angiogenic growth factor were also evaluated. Male athletes (n=9) volunteered to participate. The athletes randomly performed two bouts of treadmill exercise of 45min at 75-80% of maximal oxygen uptake in a climatic-controlled chamber under two different conditions: temperate environment (10-12°C, 40-55% humidity) and hot, humid environment (30-32°C, 75-78% humidity). Venous blood samples were obtained immediately pre- and post-bout and on recovery after 2h. Serum glucose, malondialdehyde and lactate concentrations were significantly increased post-exercise in hot but maintained in the temperate environment; these post-exercise values were significantly higher after exercise in hot than in temperate. Urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine concentration, plasma phosphocreatine kinase and catalase activities, creatinine and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and interleukin-6 significantly increased post-exercise in hot but maintained in temperate environment. The post-exercise circulating values of antioxidant enzyme paraoxonase-1 and endothelin were significantly higher in the hot than in temperate environment. Exercise in a hot and humid environment resulted in mild hyperthermia with elevated perceived exertion and thermal stress. Hyperthermic environment induced hyperglycemia, lactatecidemia and more cellular and oxidative damage than exercise in a temperate environment but also induced a post-exercise antioxidant and anti-inflammatory response in plasma. These results suggest that environmental temperature needs to be taken into account when evaluating exercise-related oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoni Sureda
- Laboratory of Physical Activity Science, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain and CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
| | - Antonia Mestre-Alfaro
- Laboratory of Physical Activity Science, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain and CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
| | - Montserrat Banquells
- Sports Physiology Dept., High Performance Centre of San Cugat del Vallés, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Riera
- Sports Physiology Dept., High Performance Centre of San Cugat del Vallés, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Franchek Drobnic
- Sports Physiology Dept., High Performance Centre of San Cugat del Vallés, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Camps
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Jorge Joven
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Josep A Tur
- Laboratory of Physical Activity Science, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain and CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
| | - Antoni Pons
- Laboratory of Physical Activity Science, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain and CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain.
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Traumatic stress, oxidative stress and post-traumatic stress disorder: neurodegeneration and the accelerated-aging hypothesis. Mol Psychiatry 2014; 19:1156-62. [PMID: 25245500 PMCID: PMC4211971 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2014.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Revised: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with elevated risk for a variety of age-related diseases and neurodegeneration. In this paper, we review evidence relevant to the hypothesis that chronic PTSD constitutes a form of persistent life stress that potentiates oxidative stress (OXS) and accelerates cellular aging. We provide an overview of empirical studies that have examined the effects of psychological stress on OXS, discuss the stress-perpetuating characteristics of PTSD, and then identify mechanisms by which PTSD might promote OXS and accelerated aging. We review studies on OXS-related genes and the role that they may have in moderating the effects of PTSD on neural integrity and conclude with a discussion of directions for future research on antioxidant treatments and biomarkers of accelerated aging in PTSD.
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42
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An evaluation of serum paraoxonase together with arylesterase activities and oxidative stress in children with intractable epilepsy: a cross-sectional study. Epilepsy Res 2014; 108:1591-6. [PMID: 25218892 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2014.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Revised: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is the most common chronic neurological illness in childhood and adolescence. The aim of this study was to investigate paraoxonase and arylesterase activities along with oxidative status parameters in children with intractable epilepsy. The study comprised 42 subjects with intractable epilepsy and a control group of 35 healthy subjects. Serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities, and lipid hydroperoxide levels were determined. All paraoxonase and arylesterase activities were significantly lower in the intractable epilepsy subjects than in the controls (P<0.001), whereas lipid hydroperoxide levels were significantly higher (P<0.05). In conclusion, paraoxonase and arylesterase activities were decreased and the lipid hydroperoxide level was increased in patients with intractable epilepsy. These results showed that intractable epilepsy subjects may be more prone to the development of atherosclerosis.
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43
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Lipid peroxidation in psychiatric illness: overview of clinical evidence. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2014; 2014:828702. [PMID: 24868318 PMCID: PMC4020299 DOI: 10.1155/2014/828702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The brain is known to be sensitive to oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. While lipid peroxidation has been shown to contribute to many disease processes, its role in psychiatric illness has not been investigated until recently. In this paper, we provide an overview of lipid peroxidation in the central nervous system as well as clinical data supporting a link between lipid peroxidation and disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder. These data support further investigation of lipid peroxidation in the effort to uncover therapeutic targets and biomarkers of psychiatric disease.
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44
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Guney E, Fatih Ceylan M, Tektas A, Alisik M, Ergin M, Goker Z, Senses Dinc G, Ozturk O, Korkmaz A, Eker S, Kizilgun M, Erel O. Oxidative stress in children and adolescents with anxiety disorders. J Affect Disord 2014; 156:62-6. [PMID: 24326157 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2013.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety disorders are common in children and adolescents, and they can significantly impair quality of life. Genetic, neurobiological, neurochemical, and psychological factors are believed to play a role in the etiopathogenesis of anxiety disorders. Recent evidence suggests that the pathophysiology of anxiety disorders may be associated with oxidative stress. In this study, we investigated whether there are associations between children with anxiety disorders and total oxidant/antioxidant status. METHODS The experimental group consisted of 40 patients (children and adolescents) with anxiety disorders. An age- and gender-matched control group composed of 35 healthy subjects was also assessed. Venous blood samples were collected and total antioxidative status (TAS), total oxidative status (TOS), and the oxidative stress index (OSI) were determined. RESULTS Both the TOS and the OSI of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group. There were no significant differences in TAS between the experimental and control groups. LIMITATIONS The main limitation of our study was the small sample size. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that oxidative balance is impaired in children with anxiety disorders. Oxidative stress may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of anxiety disorders, and TOS may be a useful diagnostic tool in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Guney
- Ankara Pediatric & Pediatric Hematology Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Fatih Ceylan
- Yildirim Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Aysegul Tektas
- Eskisehir State Hospital, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Murat Alisik
- Yildirim Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Merve Ergin
- Yildirim Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Goker
- Ankara Pediatric & Pediatric Hematology Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gulser Senses Dinc
- Ankara Pediatric & Pediatric Hematology Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Onder Ozturk
- Ankara Pediatric & Pediatric Hematology Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Alperen Korkmaz
- Yildirim Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevda Eker
- Ankara Pediatric & Pediatric Hematology Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Murat Kizilgun
- Ankara Pediatric & Pediatric Hematology Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozcan Erel
- Yildirim Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Ankara, Turkey
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45
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Ceylan MF, Guney E, Alisik M, Ergin M, Dinc GS, Goker Z, Eker S, Kizilgun M, Erel O. Lipid peroxidation markers in children with anxiety disorders and their diagnostic implications. Redox Rep 2014; 19:92-6. [PMID: 24520970 DOI: 10.1179/1351000213y.0000000082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Numerous factors, including genetic, neurobiological, neurochemical, and psychological factors, are thought to be involved in the development of anxiety disorders. The latest findings show that the pathophysiology of anxiety disorders might be associated with oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation; however, no studies have so far investigated lipid peroxidation markers in children with anxiety disorders. Serum levels of lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH) are a reliable marker of lipid peroxidation. Paraoxonase and arylesterase are two enzymes that protect against such peroxidation, and might also be diagnostic markers. In this study, we investigated whether there are associations between anxiety disorders and lipid peroxidation markers in children, and assessed the diagnostic performance of these markers. METHODS The study group consisted of 37 patients (children and adolescents) with anxiety disorders. A control group, matched for age and gender, was composed of 36 healthy subjects. Venous blood samples were collected, and LOOH levels and paraoxonase and arylesterase activity were measured. RESULTS LOOH levels were significantly higher in the anxiety disorders group than in the control group. There were no significant differences in paraoxonase or arylesterase activities between the patient and the control groups. DISCUSSION Lipid peroxidation or oxidative damage might play a role in the aetiopathogenesis of anxiety disorders. LOOH may be a potential biological marker for anxiety disorders in children.
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