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Yuan W, Yang T, Chen L, Zhang Y, Liu J, Song X, Jiang J, Qin Y, Wang R, Guo T, Song Z, Zhang X, Dong Y, Song Y, Ma J. Sufficient sleep and physical activity can relieve the effects of long-term exposure to particulate matter on depressive symptoms among 0.31 million children and adolescents from 103 counties in China. J Affect Disord 2024; 364:116-124. [PMID: 39142569 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although long-term exposures to air pollutants have been linked to mental disorders, existing studies remain limited and inconsistent. We investigated the relationship between exposure to particulate matter (PM) and depressive symptoms, as well as the potential role of sleep duration and physical activity. METHOD Using the surveillance data (2019 to 2022) of common diseases and risk factors among 312,390 students aged 10-25 years, logistic regression, generalized liner model (GLM) and restricted cubic spline (RCS) were employed to investigate the relationship between long-term exposure to PM and depressive symptoms. RESULT Significant associations were found between PM1 (OR = 1.21, 95 % CI: 1.12-1.32), PM2.5 (OR = 1.24, 95 % CI: 1.19-1.38), and PM10 (OR = 1.87, 95 % CI: 1.69-2.07) and increased risks of depressive symptoms. Sleep duration and physical activity relieved these associations. The odds ratios (ORs) of PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 on depressive symptoms were lower in group with sufficient sleep (1.02 vs. 1.49, 1.20 vs. 1.80, 2.15 vs. 2.23), lower in group with high level MVPA (1.13 vs. 1.48, 1.14 vs. 1.58, 1.85 vs. 2.38), and lower in group with high level outdoor activity (1.19 vs. 1.55, 1.23 vs. 1.63, 1.83 vs. 2.72). LIMITATIONS Conclusions about causality remain speculative because of the cross-sectional design. CONCLUSION Sufficient sleep duration and outdoor activity may mitigate the decline in mental health among adults in developing countries caused by long-term exposure to PM. This contribution enhanced our understanding of the mechanisms linking air pollution to mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Yuan
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Tian Yang
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Center for Comprehensive Disease Control and Prevention, Huhhot 010030, China
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jieyu Liu
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xinli Song
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jianuo Jiang
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yang Qin
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ruolin Wang
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Tongjun Guo
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhiying Song
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiuhong Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Center for Comprehensive Disease Control and Prevention, Huhhot 010030, China.
| | - Yanhui Dong
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yi Song
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Jun Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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Petzold MB, Betzler F, Plag J, Ströhle A, Bendau A. Advising activity-knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors regarding the recommendation of physical activity in clinical psychologists. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024; 274:1277-1287. [PMID: 38714563 PMCID: PMC11362258 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-024-01819-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regular physical activity comes with multiple benefits for physical but also mental health and can be a pivotal element in the prevention and treatment of mental disorders. Clinical psychologists play an important role in supporting their patients in increasing physical activity levels. Up to date, there is only little research on recommendation of physical activity in psychologists worldwide and no such research for psychologists in Germany. Aim of this study was to assess knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and behaviors regarding physical activity in psychologists in Germany. METHODS We assessed knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and behaviors regarding physical activity among a sample of clinical psychologists in Germany using the "Exercise in Mental Illness Questionnaire-German" (EMIQ-G) in a cross-sectional online survey. RESULTS 454 participants were included in the analysis. Participants reported moderate levels of knowledge and self-confidence in recommending physical activity. Only 14% of the participants received formal training regarding physical activity recommendation. Most participants recommended physical activity to their patients, primarily through personal discussions and referrals to exercise professionals. About one third did not give any recommendations regarding intensity. Strength training was only recommended by a minority. CONCLUSION There is a need for greater integration of information and instructions regarding the recommendation of physical activity in the treatment of people with mental disorders in the training and further education of psychologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Bruno Petzold
- Department of Psychology, Medical School Berlin, Mecklenburgische Str. 57, 14197, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Felix Betzler
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Plag
- Department of Medicine, Health and Medical University, Potsdam, Germany
- Oberberg Fachklinik Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Andreas Ströhle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Antonia Bendau
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Institute for Mental Health and Behavioral Medicine, HMU Health and Medical University, Potsdam, Germany
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Zhang R, Liu S, Mousavi SM. Cognitive Dysfunction and Exercise: From Epigenetic to Genetic Molecular Mechanisms. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:6279-6299. [PMID: 38286967 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03970-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Maintaining good health is crucial, and exercise plays a vital role in achieving this goal. It offers a range of positive benefits for cognitive function, regardless of age. However, as our population ages and life expectancy increases, cognitive impairment has become a prevalent issue, often coexisting with age-related neurodegenerative conditions. This can result in devastating consequences such as memory loss, difficulty speaking, and confusion, greatly hindering one's ability to lead an ordinary life. In addition, the decrease in mental capacity has a significant effect on an individual's physical and emotional well-being, greatly reducing their overall level of contentment and causing a significant financial burden for communities. While most current approaches aim to slow the decline of cognition, exercise offers a non-pharmacological, safe, and accessible solution. Its effects on cognition are intricate and involve changes in the brain's neural plasticity, mitochondrial stability, and energy metabolism. Moreover, exercise triggers the release of cytokines, playing a significant role in the body-brain connection and its impact on cognition. Additionally, exercise can influence gene expression through epigenetic mechanisms, leading to lasting improvements in brain function and behavior. Herein, we summarized various genetic and epigenetic mechanisms that can be modulated by exercise in cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runhong Zhang
- Department of Physical Education, Luliang University, Lishi, 033000, Shanxi, China.
| | - Shangwu Liu
- Department of Physical Education, Luliang University, Lishi, 033000, Shanxi, China
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Tian S, Liang Z, Qiu F, Yu Y, Mou H, Zhang G, Zhang H. Optimal modalities and doses of mind-body exercise for depressive symptoms in adults: A systematic review of paired analyses, network analyses and dose-response meta-analyses. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2024. [PMID: 39128853 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
The relative efficacy of various mind-body exercises in the treatment of depressive symptoms remains uncertain. We examined the optimal modalities (Tai Chi, qigong, yoga) and dose of mind-body exercise to improve depressive symptoms in adults. A systematic search of six electronic databases for randomized controlled trials on the relationship between exercise and depression was carried out, encompassing data from their inception up to November 2023. Pairwise analyses, network analyses and dose-response meta-analyses using random-effects models were performed to analyse the effect of exercise on depression. Forty studies were included. Results showed that Yoga [standardised mean difference (SMD) = -0.55; 95% confidence interval (CI): (-0.76, -0.35)] was the most effective form of exercise for improving depressive symptoms, followed by Qigong (SMD = -0.52; 95%CI: -0.92, -0.11) and Tai Chi exercise (SMD = -0.42; 95%CI: -0.71, -0.13). In addition, a non-linear dose-response relationship was found between overall mind-body exercise dose and depression levels and a significant response was observed after 260 METs-min. Our study examined the effectiveness of different types of mind-body exercise in improving depression and found that yoga may be the most effective adjunctive intervention. There was a non-linear dose-response relationship between total exercise and depression levels. However, caution should be exercised in interpreting and applying these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shudong Tian
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhide Liang
- Department of Physical Education, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fanghui Qiu
- Department of Physical Education, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yingdanni Yu
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hong Mou
- School of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Shenzhen Shangbu Middle School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongzhen Zhang
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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5
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Carney RM, Freedland KE, Rich MW. Treating Depression to Improve Survival in Coronary Heart Disease: What Have We Learned? J Am Coll Cardiol 2024; 84:482-489. [PMID: 39048281 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2024.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder is a well-established risk factor for cardiac events in patients with coronary heart disease, but clinical trials have produced little evidence that treating depression reliably improves cardiac event-free survival in these patients. In this review, we offer evidence that certain symptoms that commonly remain after otherwise successful treatment of depression-insomnia, fatigue, and anhedonia-independently predict cardiac events. This may help to explain the failure of previous depression treatment trials to improve cardiac event-free survival even when other symptoms of depression improve. We thus propose that adverse cardiovascular effects that have long been attributed to syndromal depression may be instead caused by persistent fatigue, insomnia, and anhedonia, regardless of whether other symptoms of depression are present. We also identify interventions for these symptoms and call for more research to evaluate their effectiveness in depressed patients with coronary heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M Carney
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
| | - Kenneth E Freedland
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Michael W Rich
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
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6
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Xu Z, Zheng X, Ding H, Zhang D, Cheung PMH, Yang Z, Tam KW, Zhou W, Chan DCC, Wang W, Wong SYS. The Effect of Walking on Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024; 10:e48355. [PMID: 39045858 PMCID: PMC11287235 DOI: 10.2196/48355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Previous literature lacks summative information on the mental health benefits achieved from different forms of walking. Objective The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of different forms of walking in reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety. Methods This was a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effects of walking on depressive and anxiety symptoms. MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Embase, PsycINFO, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database (AMED), CINAHL, and Web of Science were searched on April 5, 2022. Two authors independently screened the studies and extracted the data. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to synthesize the data. Results were summarized as standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% CIs in forest plots. The risk of bias was assessed by using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Results This review included 75 RCTs with 8636 participants; 68 studies reported depressive symptoms, 39 reported anxiety symptoms, and 32 reported both as the outcomes. One study reported the results for adolescents and was not included in the meta-analysis. The pooled results for adults indicated that walking could significantly reduce depressive symptoms (RCTs: n=44; SMD -0.591, 95% CI -0.778 to -0.403; I2=84.8%; τ2=0.3008; P<.001) and anxiety symptoms (RCTs: n=26; SMD -0.446, 95% CI -0.628 to -0.265; I2=81.1%; τ2=0.1530; P<.001) when compared with the inactive controls. Walking could significantly reduce depressive or anxiety symptoms in most subgroups, including different walking frequency, duration, location (indoor or outdoor), and format (group or individual) subgroups (all P values were <.05). Adult participants who were depressed (RCTs: n=5; SMD -1.863, 95% CI -2.764 to -0.962; I2=86.4%; τ2=0.8929) and those who were not depressed (RCTs: n=39; SMD -0.442, 95% CI -0.604 to -0.280; I2=77.5%; τ2=0.1742) could benefit from walking effects on their depressive symptoms, and participants who were depressed could benefit more (P=.002). In addition, there was no significant difference between walking and active controls in reducing depressive symptoms (RCTs: n=17; SMD -0.126, 95% CI -0.343 to 0.092; I2=58%; τ2=0.1058; P=.26) and anxiety symptoms (14 RCTs, SMD -0.053, 95% CI -0.311 to 0.206, I2=67.7%, τ2=0.1421; P=.69). Conclusions Various forms of walking can be effective in reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety, and the effects of walking are comparable to active controls. Walking can be adopted as an evidence-based intervention for reducing depression and anxiety. More evidence on the effect of low-intensity walking is needed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Xu
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Xiaoxiang Zheng
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Hanyue Ding
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Dexing Zhang
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Peter Man-Hin Cheung
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Zuyao Yang
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - King Wa Tam
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Weiju Zhou
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Dicken Cheong-Chun Chan
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Wenyue Wang
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Samuel Yeung-Shan Wong
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
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7
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Crichton M, Vu J, Fenesi B. Physical Activity Participation among Children and Youth with Mental Health Symptoms: Clinician Perspectives. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:880. [PMID: 39062329 PMCID: PMC11276529 DOI: 10.3390/children11070880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Physical activity supports mental health and well-being in children and youth. However, there are significant barriers to physical activity participation among individuals impacted by mental health disorders. This study investigates these barriers through the perspective of mental health clinicians who support children and youth. METHODS Fourteen mental health clinicians, including registered professional psychologists, psychotherapists, and social workers, were interviewed in a semi-structured format. Qualitative content analysis was performed to identify key themes, including both barriers and facilitators to physical activity. RESULTS Content analysis revealed that clinicians perceive both internal and external barriers and facilitators to their clients' participation in physical activity. Barriers included intrapersonal factors, such as the presence of depression, anxiety, or eating disorder symptoms; lack of motivation; and negative self-talk, as well as factors related to the influence of caregivers, financial limitations, screen time use, environmental and cultural factors, and lack of time. Facilitators included enjoyment of physical activity, knowledge about the benefits of physical activity, and caregiver participation. CONCLUSIONS Mental health clinicians demonstrated clear knowledge about the barriers to and facilitators of their clients' participation in physical activity. These findings provide valuable insights that can be used to support children and youth experiencing mental health difficulty to access the beneficial effects of physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Barbara Fenesi
- Faculty of Education, Western University, London, ON N6G 1G7, Canada; (M.C.); (J.V.)
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Xiong LY, Wood Alexander M, Cogo-Moreira H, Wu CY, Eid M, Herrmann N, Gallagher D, Edwards JD, Lanctôt KL, Marzolini S, Bennett DA, Rabin JS, Swardfager W. Longitudinal relationships between depressive symptoms, functional impairment, and physical activity in later late life. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01282-1. [PMID: 39023667 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01282-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between depressive symptoms, functional disability, and physical activity over time in community-dwelling older adults. The Religious Order Study and Rush Memory and Aging Project are longitudinal cohort studies based in the United States which began recruitment in 1994 and 1997, respectively. This analysis included 1611 participants (27.4% male, 92.9% White, 74.7% cognitively normal) who were included at age 80 and followed until age 90. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the modified Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. Functional disability was assessed using the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) scale. Physical activity was self-reported hours of weekly exercise. Reciprocal temporal relationships between these variables were investigated using a random intercept cross-lagged panel model, which decomposes observed variables into stable between-person ('trait') and variable within-person ('state') components to estimate the directional effects between variables over time. Traits for depressive symptoms, IADL disability, and physical activity were correlated. IADL disability showed autoregressive effects; disability starting at age 82 strongly predicted subsequent disability. Consistent autoregressive effects were not observed for depressive symptoms nor physical activity. Several small cross-lagged effects between states were observed for IADL disability and physical activity, as well as for IADL disability and depressive symptoms. There were no direct effects between depressive symptoms and physical activity, but several paths through IADL disability were observed between ages 82 and 88. Functional disability played an important role in octogenarians, highlighting the importance of maintaining functional independence later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Y Xiong
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Madeline Wood Alexander
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hugo Cogo-Moreira
- Department of Education, ICT and Learning, Østfold University College, Halden, Norway
| | - Che-Yuan Wu
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Michael Eid
- Department of Educational Science and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nathan Herrmann
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Damien Gallagher
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jodi D Edwards
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- ICES, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Krista L Lanctôt
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Susan Marzolini
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- KITE Research Institute, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute-University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - David A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jennifer S Rabin
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Walter Swardfager
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.
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9
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Han B, Duan Y, Zhang P, Zeng L, Pi P, Chen J, Du G. Effects of exercise on depression and anxiety in postmenopausal women: a pairwise and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1816. [PMID: 38977980 PMCID: PMC11229230 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19348-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise has been identified as a promising non-pharmacological therapy for the management of depression, but there is still controversy over which type is most effective. We aimed to compare and rank the types of exercise that improve depression in postmenopausal women by quantifying information from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). METHODS The PubMed, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, CNKI, The Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and CINAHL Plus databases were searched to identify articles published from inception to 1 March 2024 reporting RCTs that examined the effectiveness of exercise on depression in postmenopausal women. The risk of bias was assessed using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for RCTs. The quality of the evidence for each comparison was graded using the online confidence in network meta-analysis tool (CINeMA). Standardized mean differences (SMDs) were calculated using the mean and standard deviation of pre-to-post intervention changes and then pooled using a random effects model in a pairwise meta-analysis using Review Manager 5.4. Then, a frequentist network meta-analysis was conducted using a random effects model was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of different exercise types using the network package of Stata 15. RESULTS This study included 26 studies involving 2,170 participants. The pairwise meta-analysis revealed that exercise had a significant positive effect on depression in postmenopausal women (SMD = -0.71, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -0.94 to -0.48; I2 = 78%). The network meta-analysis revealed that mind-body exercise (SMD = -0.97, 95% CI = -1.28 to -0.67), aerobic exercise (SMD = -0.58, 95% CI = -0.88 to -0.27) and multicomponent exercise (SMD = -0.57, 95% CI = -1.15 to -0.002) significantly reduced depression compared to the control intervention. Mind-body exercise had the highest probability of being the most effective intervention. Exercise interventions also showed positive effects on anxiety. Most studies were judged to have some concerns regarding their risk of bias, and the confidence in evidence was often very low according to CINeMA. CONCLUSION For postmenopausal women, there is very low to moderate quality evidence that exercise interventions are an effective antidepressant therapy, with mind-body exercise most likely being the optimal type. TRIAL REGISTRATION This meta-analysis was prospectively registered with PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42024505425).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Han
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yaya Duan
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Peizhen Zhang
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Key Laboratory for Performance Training & Recovery of General Administration of Sport, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Liqing Zeng
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Peng Pi
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jiping Chen
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250061, China
| | - Guoli Du
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250061, China
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10
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Hird EJ, Slanina-Davies A, Lewis G, Hamer M, Roiser JP. From movement to motivation: a proposed framework to understand the antidepressant effect of exercise. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:273. [PMID: 38961071 PMCID: PMC11222551 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02922-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Depression is the leading cause of disability worldwide, exerting a profound negative impact on quality of life in those who experience it. Depression is associated with disruptions to several closely related neural and cognitive processes, including dopamine transmission, fronto-striatal brain activity and connectivity, reward processing and motivation. Physical activity, especially aerobic exercise, reduces depressive symptoms, but the mechanisms driving its antidepressant effects are poorly understood. Here we propose a novel hypothesis for understanding the antidepressant effects of exercise, centred on motivation, across different levels of explanation. There is robust evidence that aerobic exercise decreases systemic inflammation. Inflammation is known to reduce dopamine transmission, which in turn is strongly implicated in effort-based decision making for reward. Drawing on a broad range of research in humans and animals, we propose that by reducing inflammation and boosting dopamine transmission, with consequent effects on effort-based decision making for reward, exercise initially specifically improves 'interest-activity' symptoms of depression-namely anhedonia, fatigue and subjective cognitive impairment - by increasing propensity to exert effort. Extending this framework to the topic of cognitive control, we explain how cognitive impairment in depression may also be conceptualised through an effort-based decision-making framework, which may help to explain the impact of exercise on cognitive impairment. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the antidepressant effects of exercise could inform the development of novel intervention strategies, in particular personalised interventions and boost social prescribing.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Hird
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK.
| | - A Slanina-Davies
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK
| | - G Lewis
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - M Hamer
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - J P Roiser
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK
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Kamiya K, Hayashi E, Saito M, Nukui Y, Nakayama S, Kanazawa T, Tamaki J. Effects of intensity, frequency, and time window of exercise on sleep quality among community-dwelling adults aged 65-86 years. Sleep Med 2024; 119:173-178. [PMID: 38692218 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the effects of exercise training (ET) on sleep problem have been reported, the effects according to the components of exercise, including intensity, frequency, and time window, are unknown. Thus, in this study, we aimed to assess the effects of ET on sleep quality in community-dwelling older adults with sleep problems. METHODS We evaluated individuals aged ≥65 years whose Pittsburgh sleep quality index was >5 points at baseline. The participants were allocated to either the control group or the ET group and underwent interval walking training (IWT) for 5 months. Information regarding intensity, frequency, and time window of ET were obtained using a waist-worn accelerometer. RESULTS Overall, 63 participants (24 men [mean ± standard deviation age: 75.1 ± 4.6 years] and 39 women [74.7 ± 5.2 years]) and 65 participants (24 men [75.2 ± 4.0 years] and 41 women [73.6 ± 4.2 years]) were included in the ET and control groups, respectively. The change in Pittsburgh sleep quality index was not significantly different between the two groups for both sexes. In the ET group, women who exercised 3-8 h before bedtime, men who did ET > 8 h before bedtime and more than 1 h after waking up, and men who did ET ≥ 5.05 days/week experienced significant improvements compared to the baseline. CONCLUSIONS IWT does not significantly improve sleep quality. To obtain improvements in sleep quality, it might be necessary to consider the time window of performing ET for both sexes and ET frequency for men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuniyasu Kamiya
- Basic Medical Sciences Region, Kobe City College of Nursing, Kobe, Japan; Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Japan.
| | - Emi Hayashi
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Masahisa Saito
- School of Health Science and Medical Care, Meiji University of Integrative Medicine, Nantan, Japan
| | - Yuji Nukui
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Shin Nakayama
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Tetsufumi Kanazawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Junko Tamaki
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Japan
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12
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Reina-Varona Á, Madroñero-Miguel B, Fierro-Marrero J, Paris-Alemany A, La Touche R. Efficacy of various exercise interventions for migraine treatment: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Headache 2024; 64:873-900. [PMID: 38597252 DOI: 10.1111/head.14696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare various exercise modalities' efficacy on migraine frequency, intensity, duration, and disability. BACKGROUND Exercise has been shown to be an effective intervention to reduce migraine symptoms and disability; however, no clear evidence exists regarding the most effective exercise modalities for migraine treatment. METHODS A systematic review was performed in PubMed, PEDro, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Clinical trials that analyzed the efficacy of various exercise modalities in addressing the frequency, intensity, duration, and disability of patients with migraine were included. Eight network meta-analyses based on frequentist (F) and Bayesian (B) models were developed to estimate the direct and indirect evidence of various exercise modalities. Standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence (CI) and credible intervals (CrI) were calculated for each treatment effect based on Hedge's g and p scores to rank the modalities. RESULTS We included 28 studies with 1501 migraine participants. Yoga (F: SMD -1.30; 95% CI -2.09, -0.51; B: SMD -1.33; 95% CrI -2.21, -0.45), high-intensity aerobic exercise (F: SMD -1.30; 95% CI -2.21, -0.39; B: SMD -1.17; 95% CrI -2.20, -0.20) and moderate-intensity continuous aerobic exercise (F: SMD -1.01; 95% CI -1.63, -0.39; B: SMD -1.06; 95% CrI -1.74, -0.38) were significantly superior to pharmacological treatment alone for decreasing migraine frequency based on both models. Only yoga (F: SMD -1.40; 95% CI -2.41, -0.39; B: SMD -1.41; 95% CrI -2.54, -0.27) was significantly superior to pharmacological treatment alone for reducing migraine intensity. For diminishing migraine duration, high-intensity aerobic exercise (F: SMD -1.64; 95% CI -2.43, -0.85; B: SMD -1.56; 95% CrI -2.59, -0.63) and moderate-intensity continuous aerobic exercise (SMD -0.96; 95% CI -1.50, -0.41; B: SMD -1.00; 95% CrI -1.71, -0.31) were superior to pharmacological treatment alone. CONCLUSION Very low-quality evidence showed that yoga, high- and moderate-intensity aerobic exercises were the best interventions for reducing migraine frequency and intensity; high- and moderate-intensity aerobic exercises were best for decreasing migraine duration; and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise was best for diminishing disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Reina-Varona
- Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Motion in Brains Research Group, Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- PhD Program in Medicine and Surgery, Doctoral School, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Madroñero-Miguel
- Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Fierro-Marrero
- Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Motion in Brains Research Group, Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- PhD Program in Medicine and Surgery, Doctoral School, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Paris-Alemany
- Motion in Brains Research Group, Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Dolor Craneofacial y Neuromusculoesquelético (INDCRAN), Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Radiología, Rehabilitación y Fisioterapia, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roy La Touche
- Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Motion in Brains Research Group, Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Dolor Craneofacial y Neuromusculoesquelético (INDCRAN), Madrid, Spain
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Meyer JD, Perkins SL, Gidley JM, Kuzniar JM, Phillips LA, Lansing JL, Wade NG, Herring MP, Lefferts WK. Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a theory-informed resistance exercise training single-arm intervention for major depression. PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE 2024; 73:102642. [PMID: 38615899 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Many adults with major depressive disorder (MDD) do not receive effective treatment. The potential benefits of resistance exercise training (RET) are understudied and may be mechanistically related to cerebral blood flow changes. PURPOSE To assess feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a 16-week, theory-informed RET trial for the treatment of MDD and explore changes in cerebral blood flow. METHODS Ten adults with DSM-5-diagnosed MDD were enrolled in a single-arm, 16-week, twice-weekly, whole-body RET intervention, consistent with US and WHO Physical Activity resistance exercise guidelines. To build intrinsic motivation and develop exercise-preparatory habits, motivators and commitment were discussed weekly. Screening, enrollment, and intervention attendance and compliance rates documented feasibility. At baseline and weeks 8, 16, and 26, current MDD diagnosis, clinician-rated, and self-reported symptom severity were evaluated along with cerebral blood flow which was assessed as middle cerebral artery (MCA) mean blood velocity, conductance, and pulsatility. RESULTS Nine participants completed the intervention. Strong feasibility and acceptability (98 % adherence, 93 % compliance, and 90 % retention) were found. MDD remission was reached by 8/9 participants at week 16 and persisted through week 26. There were large decreases in clinician-rated and self-reported symptoms at each assessment (Hedges' g = 0.84-2.13). There were small-to-moderate increases in MCA velocity (g = 0.32-0.57) and conductance (g = 0.20-0.76) across time, with minimal changes in pulsatility (all g < 0.21). CONCLUSIONS Preliminary results suggest RET for MDD treatment is feasible and plausibly efficacious, finding large antidepressant effects. A sufficiently powered randomized controlled trial to assess RET's efficacy for treating MDD via potential cerebrovascular mechanisms is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob D Meyer
- Iowa State University, 534 Wallace Rd., Ames, IA, 50014, USA.
| | - Seana L Perkins
- Iowa State University, 534 Wallace Rd., Ames, IA, 50014, USA
| | - John M Gidley
- Iowa State University, 534 Wallace Rd., Ames, IA, 50014, USA
| | | | | | - Jeni L Lansing
- Iowa State University, 534 Wallace Rd., Ames, IA, 50014, USA
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Kim EC, Jeong A, Lee DH, Park DH, Jeon JY. Impact of leisure physical activity and resistance exercise on the prevalence of depressive symptoms in Korean adults: Analysis of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Affect Disord 2024; 356:329-337. [PMID: 38599252 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various physical activity (PA) guidelines recommend leisure PA and resistance exercise (RE). However, the impact of PA and RE on the prevalence of depressive symptoms remains unclear. We investigated whether meeting PA and RE guidelines is associated with the prevalence of depressive symptoms using nationally representative samples. METHODS We analyzed data from 11,829 (5111 male and 6718 female) participants aged 19+ years in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016 and 2018). Those with doctor's diagnosis of depression or with a cut-off score of ≥11 on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 were defined as having depressive symptoms. PA and RE were measured using a validated Global PA Questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between participating in leisure PA, simultaneously meeting RE guidelines, and experiencing depressive symptoms. RESULTS Those who participated in leisure PA and met RE guidelines had a lower prevalence of depressive symptoms than those who did not (p for trend <0.001). After adjusting for covariates, those who participated in leisure PA and met RE guideline were significantly less likely to have depressive symptoms in male (OR = 0.52, 95 % CI 0.32-0.84) and female (OR = 0.71, 95 % CI 0.48-1.06), compared with those who did not participate in leisure PA but also did not meet RE guideline. LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional nature of the data prevented causal claims. CONCLUSIONS Participation in leisure PA and RE was associated with a lower prevalence of depressive symptoms. This suggests both leisure PA and RE should be encouraged as effective means for preventing depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Chan Kim
- Department of Sports Industry Studies, Yonsei University, Republic of Korea
| | - Ansuk Jeong
- Department of Psychology, DePaul University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dong Hoon Lee
- Department of Sports Industry Studies, Yonsei University, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyuk Park
- Department of Sports Industry Studies, Yonsei University, Republic of Korea
| | - Justin Y Jeon
- Department of Sports Industry Studies, Yonsei University, Republic of Korea; Exercise Medicine Center for Diabetes and Cancer Patients (ICONS), Yonsei University, Republic of Korea; Cancer Prevention Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Wu-Chung EL, Medina LD, Paoletti-Hatcher J, Lai V, Stinson JM, Mahant I, Schulz PE, Heijnen CJ, Fagundes CP. Mitochondrial Health, Physical Functioning, and Daily Affect: Bioenergetic Mechanisms of Dementia Caregiver Well-Being. Psychosom Med 2024; 86:512-522. [PMID: 38666654 PMCID: PMC11230842 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000001312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic stress adversely affects mental and physical well-being. However, health outcomes vary among people experiencing the same stressor. Individual differences in physical and emotional well-being may depend on mitochondrial biology, as energy production is crucial for stress regulation. This study investigated whether mitochondrial respiratory capacity corresponds to individual differences in dementia spousal caregivers' mental and physical health. METHODS Spousal caregivers of individuals with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias ( N = 102, mean age = 71, 78% female, 83% White) provided peripheral blood samples and completed self-report questionnaires on quality of life, caregiver burden, and a 7-day affect scale. Multiple and mixed linear regressions were used to test the relationship between mitochondrial biology and well-being. RESULTS Spare respiratory capacity ( b = 12.76, confidence interval [CI] = 5.23-20.28, p = .001), maximum respiratory capacity ( b = 8.45, CI = 4.54-12.35, p < .0001), and ATP-linked respiration ( b = 10.11, CI = 5.05-15.18, p = .0001) were positively associated with physical functioning. At average ( b = -2.23, CI = -3.64 to -0.82, p = .002) and below average ( b = -4.96, CI = -7.22 to 2.70, p < .0001) levels of spare respiratory capacity, caregiver burden was negatively associated with daily positive affect. At above average levels of spare respiratory capacity, caregiver burden was not associated with positive affect ( p = .65). CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that higher mitochondrial respiratory capacity is associated with better psychological and physical health-a pattern consistent with related research. These findings provide some of the earliest evidence that cellular bioenergetics are related to well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Lydia Wu-Chung
- From the Department of Psychological Sciences (Wu-Chung, Paoletti-Hatcher, Lai, Mahant, Heijnen, Fagundes), Rice University; Department of Psychology (Medina, Fagundes), University of Houston; Department of Neurology (Stinson), Baylor College of Medicine; Neurocognitive Disorders Center (Schulz), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Department of Behavioral Science (Fagundes), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; and Department of Psychiatry (Fagundes), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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16
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Ge LK, Huang Z, Wei GX. Global research trends in the effects of exercise on depression: A bibliometric study over the past two decades. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32315. [PMID: 39183831 PMCID: PMC11341242 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction With depression's growing global prevalence and substantial impact, effective prevention and management strategies are imperative. Our study aims to perform a thorough bibliometric analysis of existing research on the impact of exercise on depression. Methods A comprehensive analysis of Web of Science Core Collection publications from 2000 to 2020 was performed, highlighting trends, themes, and influential authors. The study focused on subject categories, source journals, countries/regions, institutions, and prolific authors. Co-citation and keyword analyses revealed key themes, hotspots and the thematic evolution. Results The multidisciplinary nature of this research is evident across psychiatry, psychology, neuroscience, and sports science. Specific populations such as women, the elderly, and those with chronic illnesses were targeted. Mind-body exercises like yoga and tai chi gained prominence. Co-citation clusters showcased the evolution from early investigations on exercise's impact to recent dose-response and protocol studies. Conclusions This bibliometric analysis provides insights into the dynamic field of exercise interventions for depression. It underscores the importance of individual differences, calls for guidelines considering comorbidities, and points towards future directions such as exploring mind-body exercise mechanisms and well-designed clinical trials. This study contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the research landscape and informs future endeavors aimed at refining depression treatment through exercise interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Kun Ge
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
| | - Gao-Xia Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Glavaš D, Pavela Banai I. Physical Activity and Mental Health of Employed Adults: Mediation and Moderation Effects of Beliefs in the Benefits of Physical Activity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:854. [PMID: 39063430 PMCID: PMC11276480 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21070854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown physical activity (PA) improves psychological functioning and well-being. However, the underpinning processes and mediating variables are less known. There is evidence that beliefs about the benefits of PA contribute to physical health, regardless of actual PA. By applying these findings in the context of mental health, we sought to investigate the role of belief in the benefits of PA in the relationship between self-reported PA and mental health. A total of 381 employed adults completed the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and Anxiety subscale of the Emotional state scale. Furthermore, participants reported the degree to which they believe that PA has benefits for their psychological health. The mediation analysis shows that greater PA intensity was associated with lower levels of depression and anxiety. Additionally, belief in the benefits of PA on psychological health had a mediating role. Specifically, more intensive PA was related to a stronger belief in PA benefits, subsequently leading to reduced levels of depression and anxiety. We discuss the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the relationship between PA and mental health, alongside the significant role of mindset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragan Glavaš
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Croatia, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Irena Pavela Banai
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia
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Alghamdi NA, Aldhwayan MM, Albassam RS, Asseri RF, Alyousef AF, Naaman RK, Alzuman MA, Almukhlifi AJ, Alquraishi MI. The Arabic Version of Compulsive Exercise Test among Saudi Population; Translation and Validation. Sports (Basel) 2024; 12:176. [PMID: 39058067 PMCID: PMC11280584 DOI: 10.3390/sports12070176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Compulsive exercise is a condition characterized by uncontrollable exercise behaviour that may lead to severe and harmful physical and psychological consequences. Indeed, compulsive exercise is among the early symptoms of eating disorders that may affect different age groups. Globally and among Arab countries, compulsive exercise is common, while the screening methods used to assess compulsive exercise are limited. Thus, the Compulsive Exercise Test (CET) has emerged as a tool to assess cognitive, behavioural, and emotional factors related to compulsive exercise. The CET is a self-report, Likert-type scale comprising five distinct subscales. The increase in the CET scores is more likely associated with worsened pathology. Since the Arab countries lack such an assessment tool, we aimed to translate the CET into Arabic, validate the translated version, confirm the factor structures, and assess the internal consistency of the different subscales. Herein, we used the forward-backward translation method as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). The overall validity index of the translated version showed a score higher than 0.78, while the scale-level content validity index based on the average calculating method (S-CVI/Ave) and the agreement method (S-CVI/UA) were 0.91 and 0.58, respectively. Moreover, we recruited 399 Arabs living in Saudi to measure the internal consistency, and the value of the substantive internal consistency with Cronbach's α was 0.81. Subsequently, four of the Arabic-CET subscales had substantive internal consistency with Cronbach's α values higher than or equal to 0.70. Furthermore, the exploratory factor analysis results supported the substantial use of the five-subscale model. Taken together, our study supports using the Arabic-CET version to measure exercise compulsiveness among Arabs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouf A. Alghamdi
- Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Madhawi M. Aldhwayan
- Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem S. Albassam
- Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rana F. Asseri
- Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aljouhara F. Alyousef
- Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem K. Naaman
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Madinah 42353, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manar A. Alzuman
- Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aseel J. Almukhlifi
- Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed I. Alquraishi
- Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
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Lee YH, Kim H, Hwang J, Noh S. Effectiveness of Mobile-Based Progressive and Fixed Physical Activity on Depression, Stress, Anxiety, and Quality of Life Outcomes Among Adults in South Korea: Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2024; 12:e55578. [PMID: 38865705 PMCID: PMC11208842 DOI: 10.2196/55578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression acts as a significant obstacle to the overall well-being of individuals. Given the significant consequences, timely recognition and proactive steps to manage symptoms of depression become essential. Such actions not only reduce personal distress but also play a crucial role in reducing its far-reaching impact on society as a whole. OBJECTIVE In response to this concern, the objective of this study was to explore the use of mobile-based interventions as a possible remedy. More specifically, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of 2 types of physical activity (PA), progressive and fixed, within a mobile-based app on depression, perceived stress, anxiety, physical health, and psychological health, aiming to contribute to the optimization of mental health benefits. METHODS Participants (N=60; mean age 25.29, SD 6.10 years) were recruited using a combination of web-based and offline methods, and the study lasted for 8 weeks. The baseline and posttest questionnaires were administered to all participants. The participants were randomly assigned to 1 of the 3 groups: progressive group (n=20; performing mobile-based progressive PA), fixed group (n=20; performing mobile-based fixed intensity PA), and control group C (n=20). Data analysis involved comparing scores between the experimental and control groups using a one-way ANOVA, paired sample t tests (2-tailed), and repeated measures ANOVA with a 3 (group)×2 (time) design. RESULTS The findings revealed significant improvements in mental health indicators among participants engaged in both fixed and progressive PA groups compared with the control group. However, the fixed PA group demonstrated more significant reductions in symptoms. Specifically, the progressive PA group showed significant reductions in depression (F1,36=6.941; P=.01; ηp2=0.16) and perceived stress (F1,36=5.47; P=.03; ηp2=0.13), while the fixed PA group exhibited significant reductions in depression (F1,37=5.36; P=.03; ηp2=0.12), perceived stress (F1,37=7.81; P=.008; ηp2=0.17), and general anxiety disorder (F1,37=5.45; P=.03; ηp2=0.13) compared with the control group. CONCLUSIONS This study underscores the potential of mobile-based PA in improving mental health outcomes. The findings offer significant insights for mental health professionals and researchers aiming to optimize mental well-being through innovative mobile therapies. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Research Information Service KCT0009100; https://tinyurl.com/mr33fmur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Hoon Lee
- Division of Global Sport Industry, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungsook Kim
- Department of Data Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Hanyang Digital Healthcare Center, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhee Hwang
- Division of Global Sport Industry, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sihyeon Noh
- Division of Global Sport Industry, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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James Vibin A, Niharika N, Valliappan V, Lamo P, Parajuli N, Jat M, Lama S, Agarwal A, Sagar R, Sharma G. Effect of Integrated Yoga as an add-on therapy in adults with clinical depression - A randomized controlled trial. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2024; 70:709-719. [PMID: 38279599 DOI: 10.1177/00207640231223431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a leading cause of disability and the conventional management has several limitations. Recent studies demonstrated the benefits of yoga in psychological disorders. AIMS To evaluate the efficacy of the Integrated Yoga Module (IYM) to standard care with added yogic education on lifestyle modification (YELM) in patients with clinical depression. METHODS A PROBE trial was conducted at a single tertiary care hospital in India. Adults aged 18 to 64 with clinical depression were randomized to either an IYM or an active control group using a computer-generated mixed block randomization sequence. Both groups received YELM in addition to standard care and the intervention group practiced IYM, for 8 weeks. The primary outcome was the reduction in depression symptoms assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), and secondary outcomes involved self-compassion, brief resilience, positive and negative experiences, and quality of life, evaluated at 8 weeks. RESULTS The mean ± SD age of participants was 32.2 ± 10.0 and 54.3% were females. The IYM group showed statistically significant improvements in BDI-II scores β = -6.7 (95% CI [-10.8, -2.5]; p = .001), resilience β = 0.4 (95% CI [0.02, 0.80]; p = .037), physical health domain of WHOQOL - BREF β = 10.1 (95% CI [0.7, 19.5]; p = .035) and negative emotions (SPANE-N) β = 2.8 (95% CI [0.1, 5.4]; p = .037). However, no significant differences were found in SCS-SF β = -0.3 (95% CI [-0.7, 0.0]; p = .053). CONCLUSIONS IYM as an adjunct is superior to conventional medical management in reducing symptoms and improving positive psychological resources in clinical depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu James Vibin
- Centre for Integrative Medicine and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Niharika Niharika
- Centre for Integrative Medicine and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Varun Valliappan
- Centre for Integrative Medicine and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Pasang Lamo
- Centre for Integrative Medicine and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Niranjan Parajuli
- Centre for Integrative Medicine and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Mansingh Jat
- Centre for Integrative Medicine and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sudha Lama
- Centre for Integrative Medicine and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Aman Agarwal
- Centre for Integrative Medicine and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajesh Sagar
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Gautam Sharma
- Centre for Integrative Medicine and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
- Department of Cardiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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21
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Loughlin H, Jackson J, Looman C, Starll A, Goldman J, Shan Z, Yu C. Aerobic exercise improves depressive symptoms in the unilateral 6-OHDA-lesioned rat model of Parkinson's disease. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2024; 16:468-475. [PMID: 38560366 PMCID: PMC10981038 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Aerobic exercise has been shown to have established benefits on motor function in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the impact of exercise on depressive symptoms in PD remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of regular exercise, specifically using a forced running wheel, on both motor performance and the prevalence of depression in a unilateral 6-OHDA-lesioned rat model of PD. The behavioral outcomes of exercise were assessed through the rotarod test (RT), forelimb adjusting step test (FAST), sucrose consumption test (SCT), and novelty sucrose splash test (NSST). Our data revealed evident depressive symptoms in the PD animals, characterized by reduced sucrose consumption in the SCT and diminished exploratory activity in the NSST compared to the naïve control group. Specifically, after 11 weeks of exercise, the PD exercise group demonstrated the most significant improvements in sucrose consumption in the SCT. Additionally, this group exhibited reduced immobility and increased exploratory behavior compared to the PD control group in the NSST. Furthermore, the PD exercise group displayed the greatest improvement in correcting forelimb stepping bias. Our results suggested that a regimen of running wheel exercise enhances motor abilities and mitigates the occurrence of depressive behaviors caused by 6-OHDA dopamine depletion in the PD rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Loughlin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, United States
| | - Jacob Jackson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, United States
| | - Chloe Looman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, United States
| | - Alayna Starll
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, United States
| | - Jeremy Goldman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, United States
| | - Zhiying Shan
- Department of Kinesiology and Integrative Physiology, United States
| | - Chunxiu Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, United States
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22
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Guo D, Wang C, Liu X. Association of chronic diseases with depression in the United States, NHANES 2007-2018. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2024; 29:1077-1090. [PMID: 37990352 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2023.2277153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Depression often coexists with many chronic diseases. However, previous studies mainly focused on the association between a single chronic disease or chronic diseases of the elderly and depression. This study included 26,177 adults aged more than 20 years old from the 2007-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Depression was determined by nine questions which were from the Patient Health Questionnaire. We used propensity score matching to reduce the influence of confounders between the depression and non-depression groups. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between various chronic diseases and the number of diseases and depression. The prevalence of depression in participants with chronic diseases was higher than that in participants without chronic diseases, 20.8% of participants with chronic bronchitis had depression. After matching and controlling sleep, insurance and smoking, the highest risk of depression (OR = 1.524; 95% CI: 1.162-2.001) was found in people with stroke, followed by arthritis (OR = 1.464; 95% CI: 1.275-1.681). The percentage of participants with two or more chronic diseases with depression and without depression was 68.9% and 51.9%, respectively. Participants with five or more chronic diseases had the highest risk of depression (OR = 3.653; 95% CI: 3.001-4.446). In conclusion, patients with chronic diseases are at higher risk for depression, especially those with multiple chronic diseases. This study suggested that we should pay more attention to the mental health of people with chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingjie Guo
- Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Chunpeng Wang
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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23
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Stecher C, Cloonan S, Domino ME. The Economics of Treatment for Depression. Annu Rev Public Health 2024; 45:527-551. [PMID: 38100648 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-061022-040533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The global prevalence of depression has risen over the past three decades across all socioeconomic groups and geographic regions, with a particularly rapid increase in prevalence among adolescents (aged 12-17 years) in the United States. Depression imposes large health, economic, and societal costs, including reduced life span and quality of life, medical costs, and reduced educational attainment and workplace productivity. A wide range of treatment modalities for depression are available, but socioeconomic disparities in treatment access are driven by treatment costs, lack of culturally tailored options, stigma, and provider shortages, among other barriers. This review highlights the need for comparative research to better understand treatments' relative efficacy, cost-effectiveness, scalability, and potential heterogeneity in efficacy across socioeconomic groups and country and cultural contexts. To address the growing burden of depression, mental health policy could consider reducing restrictions on the supply of providers, implementing digital interventions, reducing stigma, and promoting healthy lifestyles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad Stecher
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, USA;
- The Center for Health Information and Research, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Sara Cloonan
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Marisa Elena Domino
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, USA;
- The Center for Health Information and Research, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
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24
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Behzad A, Feldmann-Schulz C, Lenz B, Clarkson L, Ludwig C, Luttenberger K, Völkl S, Kornhuber J, Mühle C, von Zimmermann C. TaKeTiNa Music Therapy for Outpatient Treatment of Depression: Study Protocol for a Randomized Clinical Trial. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2494. [PMID: 38731019 PMCID: PMC11084329 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13092494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Depression is a prevalent and debilitating illness that significantly affects psychological and physical well-being. Apart from conventional therapies such as psychotherapy and medication, individuals with depression often lack opportunities for activities that are generally perceived as enjoyable, such as music, meditation, and arts, which have demonstrated therapeutic effectiveness. TaKeTiNa music therapy has been employed as a therapeutic intervention for more than two decades. However, there is a notable absence of well-designed clinical trials investigating its antidepressant effects, a gap we aim to address in our current study. Furthermore, shifts in the progression of depression may manifest both psychologically, by influencing emotional states, and physiologically, by leading to alterations in lipid and sphingolipid metabolism, cortisol levels, and immune system function. Our study seeks to analyze the impact of TaKeTiNa music therapy on both levels. METHODS This is a prospective monocentric randomized waitlist-controlled clinical trial. It investigates the influence of TaKeTiNa music therapy on patients with major depression in an outpatient setting. Therefore, interested persons are randomly assigned to two groups, an intervention group or a control group, after completing a screening procedure. The intervention group starts with an eight-week TaKeTiNa music therapy intervention. The waiting group receives the same therapy program after completing the follow-up period. Blood and saliva sampling as well as responses to questionnaires are obtained at specific time points. DISCUSSION Our study investigates the effects of TaKeTiNa music therapy, a non-pharmacological antidepressant treatment option, on depressive symptoms. We also address functional and causal immunological changes; hormonal changes, such as changes in cortisol levels; and metabolic changes, such as changes in serum lipids and sphingolipids, during the course of depression. We expect that this study will provide evidence to expand the range of treatment options available for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Behzad
- Department of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology and Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (A.B.)
| | - Christoph Feldmann-Schulz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany (K.L.); (C.M.)
| | - Bernd Lenz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany (K.L.); (C.M.)
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health (CIMH), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lucy Clarkson
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany (K.L.); (C.M.)
| | - Celine Ludwig
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany (K.L.); (C.M.)
| | - Katharina Luttenberger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany (K.L.); (C.M.)
| | - Simon Völkl
- Department of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology and Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (A.B.)
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany (K.L.); (C.M.)
| | - Christiane Mühle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany (K.L.); (C.M.)
| | - Claudia von Zimmermann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany (K.L.); (C.M.)
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25
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Motl RW, Bombardier CH, Duffecy J, Hibner B, Wathen A, Carrithers M, Cutter G. Study protocol: exercise training for treating major depressive disorder in multiple sclerosis. BMC Neurol 2024; 24:131. [PMID: 38632556 PMCID: PMC11022372 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-024-03634-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is prevalent, yet sub-optimally treated among persons with multiple sclerosis (MS). We propose that exercise training may be a promising approach for treating depression in persons with MS who have MDD. Our primary hypothesis predicts a reduction in depression severity immediately after an exercise training intervention compared with minimal change in an attention control condition, and the reduction will be maintained during a follow-up period. METHODS This study involves a parallel-group, assessor-blinded RCT that examines the effect of a 4-month home-based exercise training intervention on depression severity in a sample of persons with MS who have MDD based on the MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview. The primary outcomes of depression severity are the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Participants (N = 146) will be recruited from within 200 miles of the University of Illinois at Chicago and randomized (1:1) into either a home-based exercise training condition or control condition with concealed allocation. The exercise training and social-contact, attention control (i.e., stretching) conditions will be delivered remotely over a 4-month period and supported through eight, 1:1 Zoom-based behavioral coaching sessions guided by social-cognitive theory and conducted by persons who are uninvolved in screening, recruitment, random assignment, and outcome assessment. We will collect outcome data at 0, 4 and 8 months using treatment-blinded assessors, and data analyses will involve intent-to-treat principles. DISCUSSION If successful, the proposed study will provide the first Class I evidence supporting a home-based exercise training program for treating MDD in persons with MS. This is critical as exercise training would likely have positive secondary effects on symptoms, cognition, and quality of life, and provide a powerful, behavioral approach for managing the many negative outcomes of MDD in MS. The program in the proposed research is accessible and scalable for broad treatment of depression in MS, and provides the potential for integration in the clinical management of MS. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial was registered on September 10, 2021 at clinicaltrials.gov with the identifier NCT05051618. The registration occurred before we initiated recruitment on June 2, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W Motl
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
| | - Charles H Bombardier
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jennifer Duffecy
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Brooks Hibner
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Alison Wathen
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Michael Carrithers
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gary Cutter
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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26
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Bimerew M, Gebremeskel T, Beletew B, Ayaliew W, Wodaje M, Ayalneh M. Prevalence of major depressive disorder and its associated factors among adult patients with neurolathyrism in Dawunt District, Ethiopia; 2022: community-based cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:282. [PMID: 38627754 PMCID: PMC11020178 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05755-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is one of the commonest mental disorders affecting more than 250 million people globally. Patients with chronic illnesses had higher risks for developing MDD than the general population. Neurolathyrism is a chronic illness characterized by lifelong incurable spastic paralysis of lower extremities; causing permanent disability. It is highly prevalent in Dawunt district, Ethiopia; with a point prevalence of 2.4%. Despite this, there were no previous studies assessing the prevalence of MDD among patients with neurolathyrism in Ethiopia. OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of MDD and to identify its associated factors among patients with neurolathyrism in Dawunt district, Ethiopia. METHODS A community based cross-sectional study was conducted on 260 samples in Dawunt district from February 01 to March 30/ 2021. Multistage sampling technique was used to select study participants. The patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) depression screening tool was used to diagnose MDD. PHQ-9 is a standardized depression screening tool and a PHQ-9 score of ≥ 10 has a sensitivity and specificity of 88.0% [95% CI (83.0-92.0%)] and 85.0% [95% CI (82.0-88.0%)] for screening MDD. Data were collected by interview; entered to EpiData version 4.2.0; exported to SPSS version 25.0 for analysis; descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression model were used; AOR with 95% CI was used to interpret the associations; and finally results were presented by texts, charts, graphs, and tables. RESULTS A total of 256 adult patients with neurolathyrism were participated; and the prevalence of MDD was found to be 38.7%. Being female [AOR = 3.00; 95% CI (1.15, 7.84)], living alone [AOR = 2.77; 95% CI (1.02-7.53)], being on neurolathyrism stage-3 [AOR = 3.22; 95% CI (1.09, 9.54)] or stage-4 [AOR = 4.00; 95% CI (1.28, 12.48)], stigma [AOR = 2.69; 95% CI (1.34, 5.39)], and lack of social/ family support [AOR = 3.61; 95% CI (1.80, 7.24)] were found to have statistically significant association with an increased odds of MDD; while regular exercise and ever formal counselling were found to have statistically significant association with a decreased odds of MDD. CONCLUSION The prevalence of MDD among neurolathyrism patients in Dawunt district was high. Lack of social support, stigma, not getting formal counselling, and not involving in regular exercise were modifiable risk factors. Therefore, social support, reducing stigma, formal counselling, and encouraging regular exercise might help to reduce the burden of MDD among neurolathyrism patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melaku Bimerew
- Department of Pediatric and Child Health Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia.
| | - Teshome Gebremeskel
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Biruk Beletew
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Wondye Ayaliew
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Mulugeta Wodaje
- Department of Midwifery, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Manay Ayalneh
- Department of Pediatric and Child Health Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
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Adams RA, Zor C, Mihalik A, Tsirlis K, Brudfors M, Chapman J, Ashburner J, Paulus MP, Mourão-Miranda J. Voxelwise Multivariate Analysis of Brain-Psychosocial Associations in Adolescents Reveals 6 Latent Dimensions of Cognition and Psychopathology. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2024:S2451-9022(24)00085-5. [PMID: 38588854 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence heralds the onset of considerable psychopathology, which may be conceptualized as an emergence of altered covariation between symptoms and brain measures. Multivariate methods can detect such modes of covariation or latent dimensions, but none specifically relating to psychopathology have yet been found using population-level structural brain data. Using voxelwise (instead of parcellated) brain data may strengthen latent dimensions' brain-psychosocial relationships, but this creates computational challenges. METHODS We obtained voxelwise gray matter density and psychosocial variables from the baseline (ages 9-10 years) Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study cohort (N = 11,288) and employed a state-of-the-art segmentation method, sparse partial least squares, and a rigorous machine learning framework to prevent overfitting. RESULTS We found 6 latent dimensions, 4 of which pertain specifically to mental health. The mental health dimensions were related to overeating, anorexia/internalizing, oppositional symptoms (all ps < .002) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms (p = .03). Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder was related to increased and internalizing symptoms related to decreased gray matter density in dopaminergic and serotonergic midbrain areas, whereas oppositional symptoms were related to increased gray matter in a noradrenergic nucleus. Internalizing symptoms were related to increased and oppositional symptoms to reduced gray matter density in the insular, cingulate, and auditory cortices. Striatal regions featured strongly, with reduced caudate nucleus gray matter in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and reduced putamen gray matter in oppositional/conduct problems. Voxelwise gray matter density generated stronger brain-psychosocial correlations than brain parcellations. CONCLUSIONS Voxelwise brain data strengthen latent dimensions of brain-psychosocial covariation, and sparse multivariate methods increase their psychopathological specificity. Internalizing and externalizing symptoms are associated with opposite gray matter changes in similar cortical and subcortical areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rick A Adams
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Max Planck Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Cemre Zor
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Agoston Mihalik
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Max Planck Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Konstantinos Tsirlis
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Max Planck Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mikael Brudfors
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom; School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - James Chapman
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Max Planck Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - John Ashburner
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Janaina Mourão-Miranda
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Max Planck Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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28
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Zhang XY, Ye F, Yin ZH, Li YQ, Bao QN, Xia MZ, Chen ZH, Zhong WQ, Wu KX, Yao J, Liang FR. Research status and trends of physical activity on depression or anxiety: a bibliometric analysis. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1337739. [PMID: 38586196 PMCID: PMC10996447 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1337739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Anxiety and depression are prevalent mental disorders. As modern society continues to face mounting pressures, the incidence of anxiety and depression is on the rise. In recent years, there has been an increasing breadth of research exploring the relationship between anxiety, depression, and physical activity (PA). However, the current research progress and future development trends are unclear. The purpose of this study is to explore the research hotspots and development trends in this field, and to provide guidance for future studies and to provide some reference for clinicians. Methods We searched the relevant literature of Web of Science Core Collection from the establishment of the database to August 15, 2023. CiteSpace, VOSviewer and Bibliometrix Packages based on the R language were used to analyze the number of publications, countries, institutions, journals, authors, references, and keywords. Results A total of 1,591 studies were included in the analysis, and the research in the field of PA on anxiety or depression has consistently expanded. The USA (304 publications), Harvard University (93 publications), and the journal of affective disorders (97 publications) were the countries, institutions, and journals that published the highest number of articles, respectively. According to the keywords, students and pregnant women, adult neurogenesis, and Tai Chi were the groups of concern, physiological and pathological mechanisms, and the type of PA of interest, respectively. Conclusion The study of PA on anxiety or depression is experiencing ongoing expansion. Clinicians can consider advising patients to take mind-body exercise to improve mood. In addition, future researchers can explore the mind-body exercise and its impact on anxiety or depression, PA and anxiety or depression in specific populations, and adult neurogenesis of various exercise in anxiety or depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yue Zhang
- School of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Acupuncture Clinical Research Center of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Ye
- Department of Neurology, The Sichuan Province People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Zi-Han Yin
- School of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Acupuncture Clinical Research Center of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya-Qin Li
- School of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Acupuncture Clinical Research Center of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiong-Nan Bao
- School of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Acupuncture Clinical Research Center of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Man-Ze Xia
- School of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Acupuncture Clinical Research Center of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Zheng-Hong Chen
- School of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Acupuncture Clinical Research Center of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Wan-Qi Zhong
- School of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Acupuncture Clinical Research Center of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Ke-Xin Wu
- School of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Acupuncture Clinical Research Center of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Yao
- School of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Acupuncture Clinical Research Center of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Fan-Rong Liang
- School of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Semler E, Herpich F, Zellner L, Zwick S, Zwanzger P, Brunnauer A. The impact of aerobic endurance training on cognitive performance in schizophrenic inpatients in a clinical routine setting. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024:10.1007/s00406-024-01773-4. [PMID: 38502204 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-024-01773-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The primary aim of this study was to investigate the impact of aerobic endurance training in schizophrenic inpatients on cognitive performance in a clinical routine setting. Of secondary interest was the influence on psychopathological symptoms. A total of 31 schizophrenic inpatients were randomly assigned to receive either controlled endurance training or occupational therapy. The experimental group underwent endurance training of 20-30 min each, 3 times per week for a total of up to 22 training sessions. The control group received about 90 min of occupational therapy, 2-3 times per week for up to 22 sessions. Cognitive performance was assessed via an extensive neuropsychological examination before randomization and prior to discharge. Significant improvements in cognitive functions and psychopathology could be shown in both groups. For verbal memory functions (short-term memory, working memory, and learning performance), there was a significant advantage for the aerobic endurance training group. Physical exercise is a feasible, easy-to-implement add-on therapy for schizophrenic patients in a clinical routine setting with positive effects on verbal memory functions. Besides, it seems important to fill the gap between inpatient and outpatient health care, providing physical training supply for this patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Semler
- Department of Neuropsychology, Clinical Center for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatic Medicine, Geriatrics and Neurology, kbo-Inn-Salzach-Klinikum, Wasserburg/Inn, Germany
| | - Florian Herpich
- Department of Neuropsychology, Clinical Center for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatic Medicine, Geriatrics and Neurology, kbo-Inn-Salzach-Klinikum, Wasserburg/Inn, Germany
| | - Leonhard Zellner
- Department of Neuropsychology, Clinical Center for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatic Medicine, Geriatrics and Neurology, kbo-Inn-Salzach-Klinikum, Wasserburg/Inn, Germany
| | - Sarah Zwick
- Department of Neuropsychology, Clinical Center for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatic Medicine, Geriatrics and Neurology, kbo-Inn-Salzach-Klinikum, Wasserburg/Inn, Germany
| | - Peter Zwanzger
- Department of Neuropsychology, Clinical Center for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatic Medicine, Geriatrics and Neurology, kbo-Inn-Salzach-Klinikum, Wasserburg/Inn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Brunnauer
- Department of Neuropsychology, Clinical Center for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatic Medicine, Geriatrics and Neurology, kbo-Inn-Salzach-Klinikum, Wasserburg/Inn, Germany.
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany.
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Stassen HH, Bachmann S, Bridler R, Cattapan K, Seifritz E. Polypharmacy in psychiatry and weight gain: longitudinal study of 832 patients hospitalized for depression or schizophrenia, along with data of 3180 students from Europe, the U.S., South America, and China. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024:10.1007/s00406-024-01767-2. [PMID: 38462586 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-024-01767-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Epidemiologic data indicate that overweight and obesity are on the rise worldwide. Psychiatric patients are particularly vulnerable in this respect as they have an increased prevalence of overweight and obesity, and often experience rapid, highly undesirable weight gain under psychotropic drug treatment. Current treatment strategies in psychiatry are oriented towards polypharmacy, so that the information on drug-induced weight gain from earlier monotherapy studies is of very limited validity. We have analyzed the longitudinal data of 832 inpatients with ICD-10 diagnoses of either F2 (schizophrenia; n = 282) or F3 (major depression; n = 550) with the goal of ranking treatment regimens in terms of weight gain, side effects, and response to treatment. The patient data were complemented by the data of 3180 students aged 18-22 years, with which we aimed to identify factors that enable the early detection and prevention of obesity and mental health problems. After 3 weeks of treatment, 47.7% of F2 patients and 54.9% of F3 patients showed a weight gain of 2 kg and more. Major predictive factors were "starting weight" (r = 0.115), "concurrent medications" (r = 0.176), and "increased appetite"(r = 0.275). Between 11 and 30% of the observed variance in weight gain could be explained by these factors, complemented by sex and age. The comparison between monotherapy (n = 409) and polypharmacy (n = 399) revealed significant drawbacks for polypharmacy: higher weight gain (p = 0.0005), more severe side effects (p = 0.0011), and lower response rates (F2: p = 0.0008); F3: p = 0.0101). The data of 3180 students made it clear that overweight and obesity often begin early in life among those affected, and are interconnected with personality traits, while increasing the risk of developing psychosomatic disturbances, mental health problems, or somatic illnesses. Although the available data did not readily lead to a comprehensive, clinically applicable model of unwanted weight gain, our results have nevertheless demonstrated that there are ways to successfully counteract such weight gain at early stages of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Stassen
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Institute for Response-Genetics, Psychiatric University Hospital, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - S Bachmann
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University of Halle, 06112, Halle, Germany
- Germany and Clienia AG, Psychiatric Hospital, 9573, Littenheid, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, 1226, Thônex, Switzerland
| | - R Bridler
- Sanatorium Kilchberg, 8802, Kilchberg, Switzerland
| | - K Cattapan
- Sanatorium Kilchberg, 8802, Kilchberg, Switzerland
- University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - E Seifritz
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
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Yu L, Zhang X, Li W. Causal effects of various types of physical activities on psychiatric disorders: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Sports Act Living 2024; 6:1331586. [PMID: 38500549 PMCID: PMC10944951 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1331586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Psychiatric disorders (PD) pose a significant burden, with vast prevalence and mortality, inflicting substantial costs on individuals and society. Despite its widespread prevalence, the complex pathogenesis of PD remains elusive, leading to limited and challenging therapeutic development. An emerging risk factor for chronic diseases, prolonged sedentary behavior, contrasts with the therapeutic potential of exercise, regardless of its intensity, for various ailments, including PD. Yet, the diversity in exercise modalities and intensities may offer varied impacts on health. This study, leveraging Mendelian Randomization (MR), seeks to investigate the causal relationship between exercise and PD, aiming to elucidate the optimal exercise modality and intensity for PD mitigation while addressing potential confounders. Methods This study employed a Mendelian randomization analysis using the genome-wide association study (GWAS) database to investigate the causal relationship between types of physical activity and psychiatric disorders. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to demonstrate the reliability and robustness of the results. Results In the past 4 weeks, engaging in a substantial amount of DIY physical activity was found to have a causal relationship with psychiatric disorders (IVW: OR = 0.228, 95% CI: 0.113-0.461, P = 0.000038). As for the types of exercises, there may be a potential causal association between aerobic training (including swimming, cycling, fitness, and bowling) and psychiatric disorders (IVW: OR = 0.322, 95% CI = 0.148-0.704, P = 0.004). However, there was no causal relationship found between mild DIY physical activity and psychiatric disorders (IVW: OR = 0.918, 95% CI = 0.417-2.021, P = 0.831). Furthermore, it seems that there is no causal relationship between vigorous exercise and psychiatric disorders (IVW: OR = 2.705, 95% CI = 0.081-3.419, P = 0.578). Conclusion Our study confirms that only a certain level of training activity can have a protective effect on psychiatric disorders, while mild physical activity or vigorous training does not have an impact on psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Yu
- Department of Gynaecology, Dalian Women and Children’s Medical Center (Group), Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wangshu Li
- Department of Gynaecology, Dalian Women and Children’s Medical Center (Group), Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Department of Key Laboratory for Early Diagnosis and Biotherapy of Malignant Tumors in Children and Women in Liaoning Province, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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Begega A, López M, Cuesta-López I, Jove CI, Izquierdo MC. Physical activity as a promoter of stress resilience: An analysis of behavioral effects and brain connectivity with cytochrome c-oxidase activity in adult male Wistar rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2024; 236:173709. [PMID: 38244863 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2024.173709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) is very beneficial for physical and mental health. This study aims to examine the resilience-inducting effect of PA in adult male Wistar rats exposed to unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS). Furthermore, we analyzed the influence of PA on behavioral tasks and functional brain connectivity with cytochrome c oxidase technique. The cytochrome c oxidase (CCO) is a mitochondrial enzyme involved in oxidative phosphorylation and ATP generation. For this analysis, we included five groups: Basal (n = 10, to determine the basal level of brain activity), Behav (n = 15, subjected exclusively to behavioral tests), PA (n = 10, exposed to physical activity), UCMS (n = 15, subjected to a stress protocol) and PA + UCMS (n = 15, exposed to PA prior to stress). The UCMS protocol consisted of randomly presenting several different stressors over four consecutive weeks. We evaluated several behaviors of the Behav, UCMS, and PA + UCMS groups. This assessment includes the hedonic responses using the sucrose consumption task, unconditioned anxiety with the zero maze, and coping strategies assessed with the cat odor test. The UCMS group showed an anhedonia profile and increased anxiety compared with the other groups. Although in the exposure to cat odor test, the PA + UCMS remained for the same time in the cat odor compartment as the other groups, it did not approach the odor, showing that it detected the risk. This response is more adaptive than the responses of the UCMS and Behav groups. An exploratory analysis of the cerebral connections showed an increase in CCO activity in the UCMS group compared to the other groups. This overactivity was reduced in dorsal Cornu Ammonis 3(dCA3) by prior PA. In this region, PA + UCMS showed similar activity as the groups not subjected to chronic stress. Therefore, PA can prevent the harmful effects of chronic stress on dCA3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azucena Begega
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience of Principality of Asturias, INEUROPA, Faculty of Psychology, Plaza Feijoo s/n, 33003 Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Matías López
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience of Principality of Asturias, INEUROPA, Faculty of Psychology, Plaza Feijoo s/n, 33003 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ignacio Cuesta-López
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience of Principality of Asturias INEUROPA, Faculty of Psychology, Plaza Feijoo s/n, 33003 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Claudia I Jove
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedicine of Sevilla, IBIS, Avda. Manuel Siurot, s/n, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Marcelino Cuesta Izquierdo
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience of Principality of Asturias, INEUROPA, Faculty of Psychology, Plaza Feijoo s/n, 33003 Oviedo, Spain
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Soini E, Rosenström T, Määttänen I, Jokela M. Physical activity and specific symptoms of depression: A pooled analysis of six cohort studies. J Affect Disord 2024; 348:44-53. [PMID: 38128736 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between physical activity (PA) and depression is well-established, but the details that explain this association remain elusive. We examined whether PA is differentially associated with specific symptoms of depression (e.g., cognitive vs somatic symptoms), and whether these associations follow a dose-response pattern with respect to intensity or frequency of PA. METHODS Cross-sectional analyses were based on 6 samples of the continuous U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) carried out between 2007 and 2018 (n = 28,520). Depressive symptoms were assessed with Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9). Information about PA (vigorous, moderate, and daily commuting by foot or bike) and covariates was self-reported. RESULTS After adjusting for education, health behaviors, body-mass index, physical functioning, and all the other depressive symptoms, lower PA was specifically associated with four depressive symptoms: loss of interest/pleasure, feeling down/hopeless, fatigue, and changes in appetite (odds ratios from 0.94 to 0.59). A monotonic dose-response pattern on PA amount was observed only for interest/pleasure and fatigue, and these associations were independent of PA intensity. LIMITATIONS Cross-sectional data did not allow us to assess temporal ordering. Both depressive symptoms and PA were self-reported, which may induce bias. CONCLUSION Low PA may be linked to depressive symptoms particularly through the symptoms of anhedonia and fatigue. Given that their association with PA amount follows a dose-response pattern and is independent of PA intensity, we hypothesize that behavioral activation and exposure to rewarding experiences might help to explain why PA alleviates depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eetu Soini
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Tom Rosenström
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ilmari Määttänen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markus Jokela
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Muth ND, Bolling C, Hannon T, Sharifi M. The Role of the Pediatrician in the Promotion of Healthy, Active Living. Pediatrics 2024; 153:e2023065480. [PMID: 38404207 PMCID: PMC11042797 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2023-065480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Few children and adolescents meet federal nutrition or physical activity recommendations, and many experience poor or inadequate sleep and negative health effects from screen use and social media. These lifestyle factors exacerbate physical and mental health risks for children and adolescents. This clinical report provides guidance to help pediatricians address the nutritional, physical activity, sleep, media and screen use, and social-emotional factors that affect child and adolescent health and wellness. The recommendations in this clinical report aim to promote health and wellness practices for infants, children, and adolescents across several domains of influence, including the individual, interpersonal, institutional, community, and public policy levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie D. Muth
- Children’s Primary Care Medical Group, Carlsbad, Californiaand Department of Community Health Sciences, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California
| | - Christopher Bolling
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Tamara Hannon
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - Mona Sharifi
- Departments of Pediatrics and Biostatistics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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Correia ÉM, Monteiro D, Bento T, Rodrigues F, Cid L, Vitorino A, Figueiredo N, Teixeira DS, Couto N. Analysis of the Effect of Different Physical Exercise Protocols on Depression in Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Sports Health 2024; 16:285-294. [PMID: 37994044 PMCID: PMC10916777 DOI: 10.1177/19417381231210286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Physical exercise (PE) is an effective treatment for depression, alone or as an adjunct. OBJECTIVE There is a lack of indicators regarding the frequency, intensity, duration, and type of physical exercise (PE). This study aims to synthesize and analyze the dose-effect of different PE protocols in adult subjects in the treatment of depression, based on the analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). DATA SOURCES The search was conducted using Web of Science, PubMed, and Cochrane Library electronic databases. STUDY SELECTION Studies with an exercise-based intervention published by December 31, 2021 were identified. RCTs and meta-analyses involving adults with depression were also included; 10 studies were selected, including a total of 956 subjects. STUDY DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 1. RESULTS Effect sizes were summarized using standardized mean differences (95% confidence interval) by effected randomized models. The results reinforce that exercise appears to be beneficial in improving depression among adults aged 18 to 65 years. Interventions lasting above 150 minutes per week of moderate intensity and group interventions seem to have a more significant effect on reducing depression. Studies have revealed that aerobic exercise, compared with resistance or flexibility, has a more positive effect on depression. CONCLUSION PE can be a way to reduce depression and can be used as a possible adjunctive tool for pharmacological and/or alternative treatments. Considering the findings of this study, it is important that health professionals (eg, exercise physiologists, physicians, nurses, psychologists) promote the practice of PE as a complementary alternative and act early to prevent the worsening of depression. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020188909.
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Affiliation(s)
- Érica M Correia
- Sport Sciences School of Rio Maior, Polytechnic of Santarém [ESDRM-IPSantarém], Rio Maior, Portugal
| | - Diogo Monteiro
- ESECS - Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal and Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development [CIDESD], Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Teresa Bento
- Sport Sciences School of Rio Maior, Polytechnic of Santarém [ESDRM-IPSantarém], Rio Maior, Portugal; and Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development [CIDESD], Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Filipe Rodrigues
- ESECS - Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal and Life Quality Research Center [CIEQV], Rio Maior, Portugal
| | - Luís Cid
- Sport Sciences School of Rio Maior, Polytechnic of Santarém [ESDRM-IPSantarém], Rio Maior, Portugal; and Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development [CIDESD], Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Anabela Vitorino
- Sport Sciences School of Rio Maior, Polytechnic of Santarém [ESDRM-IPSantarém], Rio Maior, Portugal; Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development [CIDESD], Vila Real, Portugal, and Life Quality Research Center [CIEQV], Rio Maior, Portugal
| | | | - Diogo S Teixeira
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Lusófona University [ULHT/FEFD], Lisbon, Portugal, and Research Center in Physical Education, Sport, Exercise and Health [CIDEFES], Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Nuno Couto
- Sport Sciences School of Rio Maior, Polytechnic of Santarém [ESDRM-IPSantarém], Rio Maior, Portugal and Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development [CIDESD], Vila Real, Portugal
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Bidzan-Wiącek M, Błażek M, Antosiewicz J. The relationship between physical activity and depressive symptoms in males: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2024; 243:104145. [PMID: 38245936 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of depressive symptoms (DS) among physically active individuals tends to be lower compared to sedentary controls. This association seems to be moderated by gender and level of physical activity (PA). The objective of this meta-analysis was to assess the relationship between PA and DS in males based on different levels of PA. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analyses were conducted following the PRISMA Statement for Systematic Reviews. The literature search was conducted from January 1, 2003 to February 20, 2023. Cross-sectional and cohort studies including male participants aged 18 years or older were included in the analysis. Evidence from selected studies was synthesised as differences between odds ratios to assess whether DS were exhibited among those who were engaged in low, moderate, and high PA via random-effects meta-analyses. This study is registered on PROSPERO, number CRD42023417219. RESULTS Out of 1737 records identified, 5 eligible studies were included with a total of 35,811 participants. Results indicated significant effects of moderate PA on DS (OR = 0.68; 95 % C.I. 0.50-0.93). No effect of low and high PA on DS was found (OR = 0.79; 95 % C.I. 0.52-1.20 and OR = 0.78; 95 % C.I. 0.47-1.30). CONCLUSION Males who engage in moderate PA present lower prevalence of DS compared to no-PA reference. Such associations were not found for low or high PA. Hence, mental health benefits of PA could possibly be achieved at appropriate levels of PA. High heterogeneity between the studies should be considered when interpreting the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Bidzan-Wiącek
- Faculty of Health Sciences with the Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Błażek
- Faculty of Health Sciences with the Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jędrzej Antosiewicz
- Faculty of Health Sciences with the Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
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Legnani F, Tassi L, Surace T, Capuzzi E, Caldiroli A, Clerici M, Buoli M. Is Pilates effective in improving depressive disorders? A comprehensive overview. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2024:00004850-990000000-00122. [PMID: 38277272 DOI: 10.1097/yic.0000000000000541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Depressive disorders are disabling conditions that account for high social costs. Pilates demonstrated to have several beneficial effects on health. Objective of this manuscript was to systematically review the literature about the effects of Pilates on depressive disorders. A bibliographic search was conducted in the main database sources (Pubmed, Medline, and Scopus). The inclusion criteria consisted of articles written in English language about the effectiveness of Pilates on depressive symptoms. Most of included studies are randomized controlled trials (10 out of 12). The available literature agrees in indicating that Pilates is effective in improving depressive symptoms especially when compared to inactivity and when this practice is administered for a medium-long period (8-16 weeks). In addition, Pilates seems to have at least comparable effectiveness than aerobic exercise. Pilates can be considered a reliable complementary treatment for people with depressive disorders. These findings should be interpreted considering the different types of practice administered as well as the different duration of the programs or rating scales used to assess mood symptoms. Studies with a more homogenous design are needed to confirm and make generalizable the results presented in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Legnani
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan
| | - Lorenzo Tassi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca
| | - Teresa Surace
- Department of Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza (MB)
| | - Enrico Capuzzi
- Department of Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza (MB)
| | - Alice Caldiroli
- Department of Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza (MB)
| | - Massimo Clerici
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca
- Department of Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza (MB)
| | - Massimiliano Buoli
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Newsome AM, Kilpatrick M, Dedrick RF. Exercise Prescription Practices Among Mental Health Professionals on College Campuses: Testing the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Model. Int J Behav Med 2024:10.1007/s12529-024-10266-6. [PMID: 38409484 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-024-10266-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The co-occurrence of physical inactivity and poor mental health in the college student population can lead to chronic health issues that have negative short-term effects (e.g., academic success). Poor mental health is associated with long-term conditions (e.g., obesity, serious mental illness) that are linked to premature mortality. The purpose of this study was to examine the information-motivation-behavioral (IMB) skills model and evaluate its ability to explain the variance in the use of exercise prescription in mental health treatment. METHOD Mental health professionals (MHPs) (n = 255) were recruited from college counseling centers in the USA. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the relationship between the predictor variables of information (exercise knowledge and benefits of exercise), motivation (personal beliefs, perceived barriers, and organizational support), and behavioral skills (self-efficacy), and the outcome variable of exercise prescription (i.e., brief counseling and referral for exercise). RESULTS The predictors accounted for 23% of the variance in exercise prescription (p = .001). Organizational support had a significant direct effect on exercise prescription (β = 0.27, p = .05). Personal beliefs (β = 0.96, p = .05) and organizational support (β = 0.31, p = .04) had significant direct effects on self-efficacy for prescribing exercise. MHP personal exercise behavior was associated with exercise prescription. CONCLUSION MHPs may be willing to support physical activity promotion and exercise prescription, but organizational structures are critical to enhance and sustain the delivery of this adjunctive therapy. The personal exercise history of MHPs may be an important consideration for behavior change interventions. The development and validation of scales are important considerations for future intervention study design.
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Affiliation(s)
- A'Naja M Newsome
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, USA.
| | - Marcus Kilpatrick
- Department of Educational and Psychological Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, USA
| | - Robert F Dedrick
- Department of Educational and Psychological Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, USA
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Chen Z, Huang H, Liu R, Tang Z. Effects of internet-based exercise intervention on depression and anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37373. [PMID: 38394484 PMCID: PMC11309647 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While exercise is acknowledged for its positive effects on depression and anxiety symptoms, the benefits of internet-based exercise on mental health have not been extensively examined. This study seeks to systematically review and quantify the outcomes of high-quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigate the impact of internet-based exercise on depression and anxiety symptoms. METHODS Following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, we conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of RCTs. Databases, including Web of Science Core Collection, PubMed, PsycINFO, Medline, BIOSIS Previews, SPORTDiscus, and Education Source, were scoured through in September 2023. After quality assessment and data extraction, the analysis was performed using R. Using random effects models, effect sizes were determined and subsequently represented as standardized mean differences (SMD). RESULTS Our analysis incorporated data from 11 RCTs, involving a cohort of 1009 participants. We observed a modest yet significant reduction in depression and anxiety symptoms, with an SMD of -0.44 [95% confidence interval (CI) (-0.63, -0.26), I^2 = 79.3%, P < .01]. Interestingly, the effects were more pronounced in individuals diagnosed with depression, as indicated by an SMD of -0.96 [95% CI (-1.55, -0.37), I^2 = 82%, P < .01]. Furthermore, participants utilizing smartphone applications as part of their intervention reported a meaningful reduction in their symptoms, evidenced by an SMD of -0.52 [95% CI (-0.90, -0.14), I^2 = 87%, P < .01]. Additionally, short-term interventions, specifically those lasting <12 weeks, indicated a notable alleviation in depression symptoms, with an SMD of -0.76 [95% CI (-1.38, -0.14), I^2 = 86%, P < .01]. CONCLUSION Internet-based exercise interventions yield significant amelioration in depression and anxiety symptoms, with heightened efficacy observed among individuals with depression. Notably, short-term interventions, specifically those under 12 weeks, demonstrate enhanced benefits for depression relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuo Chen
- Division of Sports science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Division of Sociology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruidong Liu
- Sports Coaching College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengyan Tang
- Division of Sports science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Vachuska K. Cold weather isolation is worse in poor and non-white neighborhoods in the United States. Prev Med Rep 2024; 38:102541. [PMID: 38283964 PMCID: PMC10821611 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Social isolation can cause a variety of adverse physical and mental health effects and is central to understanding broader social disparities among marginalized groups in the United States. This study aims to assess whether temperature variation is associated with daily social isolation at the neighborhood level. I test a series of two-way fixed effects models to see if mean daily temperature is associated with individuals spending the entire day at home, as measured using smartphone data, across a sample of 45 million devices in 2019 in the United States. Using interaction terms, I specifically examine heterogeneity in temperature effects by neighborhood racial composition and socioeconomic status. The two-way fixed effects models reveal highly statistically significant negative coefficients for the interaction between temperature and neighborhood proportion Black, temperature and neighborhood proportion Hispanic, and temperature and neighborhood residential disadvantage, in predicting the probability of spending the entire day at home. In marginal terms, the findings indicate the gap in the probability of spending the entire day at home between an all-Black neighborhood and an all-White neighborhood grows by nearly 10 percentage points from the warmest day of the year to the coldest day of the year in some parts of the United States. My models highlight how residents of poor and majority Black and Hispanic neighborhoods experience disproportionate social isolation in the form of a greater propensity to spend the entire day at home.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Vachuska
- Department of Sociology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States
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Liu XQ, Wang X. Unlocking the power of physical activity in easing psychological distress. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:1-7. [PMID: 38327886 PMCID: PMC10845227 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The severity of the current global mental health situation and the importance of maintaining psychological well-being call for more powerful, convenient, and efficient solutions for addressing psychological issues and relieving mental stress. Physical activity not only effectively improves physical fitness and reduces negative emotions such as anxiety and depression but also increases the improvement of psychological health and sense of well-being. At the same time, physical activity interventions for mental health have unique advantages, including reducing the side effects of psychological interventions and increasing necessity, convenience, and cost-effectiveness, as well as flexible adaptability across multiple methods, groups, and age ranges, providing stronger support for relieving psychological stress and addressing psychological issues. Although physical activity is an important intervention measure in relieving psychological stress, its value and role in mental health care seem to have not yet received sufficient attention, and its potential remains to be further revealed. Given the significant advantages and effectiveness of physical activity in mental health intervention practices, it is necessary to stimulate its potential in relieving psychological stress through various means in future studies to better safeguard the public's physical and mental health. Developing guidelines for physical activity for improved mental health, enhancing organic integration with other inter-vention measures, and providing necessary respect, encouragement, and support are important directions to consider.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Qiao Liu
- School of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
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Sun S, Armada-da-Silva PAS, Shao Y. Editorial: Exercise and diet: strategies and prescriptions to improve mental and cognitive health. Front Psychiatry 2024; 14:1347233. [PMID: 38239904 PMCID: PMC10794546 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1347233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shengyan Sun
- School of Physical Education, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Paulo A. S. Armada-da-Silva
- Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Yongcong Shao
- School of Psychology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
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Vagnini D, Natalucci V, Moi S, Vallorani L, Pietrelli A, Panico AR, Ferri Marini C, Lucertini F, Annibalini G, Sisti D, Rocchi MBL, Catalano V, Saita E, Emili R, Barbieri E. Home-based lifestyle intervention for breast cancer survivors: A surprising improvement in the quality of life during the first year of COVID-19 pandemic. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296163. [PMID: 38165970 PMCID: PMC10760703 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic induced an extraordinary impact on public mental health to a degree not completely understood, especially in vulnerable populations such as breast cancer (BC) survivors. In this study, we described the short- (after 3-month) and long- (after 12-month) term effects of a multidisciplinary home-based lifestyle intervention in Italian women BC survivors during the first year of COVID-19 pandemic. MATERIALS AND METHODS In total, 30 Italian BC survivors with risk factors for recurrence took part in the ongoing MoviS trial (protocol: NCT04818359). Between January 2020 and January 2021, a 3-month lifestyle intervention based on psychological counseling, nutrition, and exercise was carried out. Participants were asked to fill out psychological questionnaires for the assessment of quality of life (QoL) indicators (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QoL, EORTC-QLQ-C30) and psychological health measures such as fatigue (Brief Fatigue Inventory, BFI), distress (Distress Thermometer, DT and Psychological Distress Inventory, PDI), cancer-related fatigue (Verbal Rating Scale, VRS), and mood states (Profile of Mood States Questionnaire, POMS). IBM SPSS Statistical Software version 27.0 and R Project for Statistical Computing version 4.2.1 were used to process data. All participants were assessed at four time points: T0 (baseline), T1 (3-month), and follow-up at T2 and T3 (6- and 12-month, respectively) to measure primary (quality of life indicators) and secondary (psychological health) outcomes. Friedman non parametric test and Wilcoxon signed rank test (with Bonferroni correction) were conducted to investigate the statistically significant differences in psychometric scores and between assessment times. RESULTS Compared to baseline (T0), at T1 most of the QoL indicators (i.e., symptoms of fatigue and general health) were improved (p < 0.017) with the exception of a worsening in participants' social functioning ability. Also, perception of severity of fatigue, distress, cancer-related fatigue, depression, and anger enhanced. Compared to baseline (T0), at T3 we mainly observed a stable condition with T0-T1 pairwise comparison, however other secondary outcomes (i.e., fatigue mood state, confusion, and anxiety) significantly improved. DISCUSSION Our preliminary findings support the proposal of this lifestyle intervention for BC survivors. Despite the home-confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the intervention surprisingly improved QoL indicators and psychological health of the participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Vagnini
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Natalucci
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Division of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Sara Moi
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Luciana Vallorani
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Division of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Alice Pietrelli
- Medical Oncology Unit, AST Pesaro-Urbino, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital Urbino, Urbino, Italy
| | - Andrea Rocco Panico
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Division of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Carlo Ferri Marini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Division of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Francesco Lucertini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Division of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Giosuè Annibalini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Division of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Davide Sisti
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Division of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Marco Bruno Luigi Rocchi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Division of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Catalano
- Medical Oncology Unit, AST Pesaro-Urbino, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital Urbino, Urbino, Italy
| | - Emanuela Saita
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Rita Emili
- Medical Oncology Unit, AST Pesaro-Urbino, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital Urbino, Urbino, Italy
| | - Elena Barbieri
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Division of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
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Pettrey C, Kerr PL, Dickey TO. Physical Exercise as an Intervention for Depression: Evidence for Efficacy and Mu-Opioid Receptors as a Mechanism of Action. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2024; 35:221-239. [PMID: 38874725 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-45493-6_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Physical exercise is often cited as an important part of an intervention for depression, and there is empirical evidence to support this. However, the mechanism of action through which any potential antidepressant effects are produced is not widely understood. Recent evidence points toward the involvement of endogenous opioids, and especially the mu-opioid system, as a partial mediator of these effects. In this chapter, we discuss the current level of empirical support for physical exercise as either an adjunctive or standalone intervention for depression. We then review the extant evidence for involvement of endogenous opioids in the proposed antidepressant effects of exercise, with a focus specifically on evidence for mu-opioid system involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrick L Kerr
- Behavioral Medicine & Psychiatry, WVU School of Medicine, Charleston, WV, USA
| | - T O Dickey
- West Virginia University School of Medicine-Charleston, Charleston, WV, USA
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Tatta J. A Call to Action for Mental and Behavioral Health Stakeholders: Use Physical Therapists to Close the Gap in Depression Care. Phys Ther 2024; 104:pzad147. [PMID: 37930246 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzad147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joe Tatta
- Integrative Pain Science Institute, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Physical Therapy, Arcadia University, Glenside, Pennsylvania, USA
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Karim S, Liu J, Wilcox S, Cai B, Merchant AT. Association Between Physical Activity During Pregnancy and Perinatal Depressive Symptoms in Pregnant Individuals With Overweight and Obesity. Womens Health Issues 2024; 34:72-79. [PMID: 37940507 PMCID: PMC10843526 DOI: 10.1016/j.whi.2023.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Current research on the association between physical activity and perinatal depression is inconclusive. This study examined the association between objectively measured physical activity during pregnancy and perinatal depressive symptoms among individuals with overweight and obesity. METHODS Data came from the Health in Pregnancy and Postpartum study (N = 205). Physical activity was measured using the SenseWear Armband at 16 weeks' or fewer and 32 weeks' gestation and categorized into 1) never meeting 2018 physical activity guidelines, 2) meeting the guidelines at one time point, or 3) meeting the guidelines at both time points. Antenatal depressive symptoms were assessed at 32 weeks' gestation, and postpartum depressive symptoms were assessed at 6 and 12 months postpartum using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. A score of 10 or higher was defined as probable at least minor depression (hereafter, probable depression). RESULTS Nearly one-half of the participants (45.4%) met physical activity guidelines both in early and late pregnancy. Pregnant individuals who met physical activity guidelines at one (adjusted odds ratio, 0.07; 95% confidence interval, 0.01-0.76) or both time points (adjusted odds ratio, 0.08; 95% confidence interval, 0.01-0.69) during pregnancy had lower odds of probable depression at 6 months postpartum than individuals who never met physical activity guidelines during pregnancy. No significant associations were found between prenatal physical activity and probable antenatal or postpartum depression at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS Antenatal physical activity was associated with lower odds of probable depression at 6 months after childbirth. Physicians should use evidence-based strategies to encourage pregnant people, especially those who are at risk for postpartum depression, to meet physical activity guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Karim
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina; Institute for Families in Society, College of Social Work, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Jihong Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina.
| | - Sara Wilcox
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Bo Cai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Anwar T Merchant
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
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Bendau A, Petzold MB, Kaminski J, Plag J, Ströhle A. Exercise as Treatment for "Stress-Related" Mental Disorders. Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:420-436. [PMID: 37779399 PMCID: PMC10845075 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x22666230927103308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The beneficial impact of physical activity on preventing and treating mental disorders has captured growing (research) interest. This article aims to provide a concise overview of essential evidence regarding the effectiveness and underlying mechanisms of physical activity for individuals with mental disorders clustered as "stress-related" conditions. Empirical findings (e.g., longitudinalprospective studies, interventional randomized-controlled-trials, reviews, meta-analyses) regarding the effects of physical activity in the prevention and treatment of stress-related mental disorders are summarized. Furthermore, potential mechanisms underlying these effects are discussed, and recommendations regarding the use of physical activity are outlined. The majority of studies indicate good efficacy of physical activity in prospectively lowering the risk for the incidence of subsequent stress-related mental disorders as well as in the treatment of manifest disorders. Most evidence targets unipolar depressive disorder and, secondly, anxiety disorders. Research regarding posttraumatic stress disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorders, and somatoform disorders is promising but scarce. Physical activity seems to be useful as a stand-alone-treatment as well as in combination with other psychotherapeutic or pharmacological treatments. Multiple intertwined physiological, psychological, and social mechanisms are assumed to mediate the beneficial effects. Recommendations regarding physical activity can orientate on official guidelines but should consider the individual needs and circumstances of each subject. In summary, physical activity seems to be effective in the prevention and treatment of stressrelated mental disorders and, therefore, should be fostered in healthcare-settings. Future studies are needed to clarify partly inconsistent patterns of results and to close research gaps, e.g., concerning somatoform disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Bendau
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, CCM, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- HMU Health and Medical University Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Moritz Bruno Petzold
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, CCM, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychology, MSB Medical School Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Kaminski
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, CCM, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Plag
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, CCM, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- HMU Health and Medical University Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Oberberg Fachklinik Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Andreas Ströhle
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, CCM, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
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Constantin DA, Monescu V, Cioriceanu IH, Leaşu FG, Rogozea LM. Can Medication be a Factor that Can Negatively Affect the Effect of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Depression? Am J Ther 2024; 31:e30-e38. [PMID: 38231579 DOI: 10.1097/mjt.0000000000001700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in patients with depression and whether concurrent psychotropic medication use negatively affects the treatment outcome of TMS. Patients' characteristics, predictors of treatment response, the relationship between demographics, and the selection of TMS as a treatment modality were also analyzed. STUDY QUESTION Can psychotropic medication be a factor that can negatively affect the efficacy of TMS in patients with depression? STUDY DESIGN This pilot-controlled study included 40 subjects from Romanian clinical practice who were treated with pharmacological treatment and TMS for major depressive disorder. The severity of depression and anxiety symptoms was measured using validated scales at baseline (day 1) and follow-up (day 30). DATA SOURCES All patients' characteristics and information were collected manually from the clinic's medical records, deidentified, and then introduced into an electronic database for analysis. LIMITATIONS Conducting the study in a clinical routine practice, it was not possible to include an active and/or sham control group. In addition, because TMS is not used as a monotherapy in this type of practice, we could not evaluate its safety and efficacy without concomitant pharmacological treatment. The study sample is small; therefore, the results cannot be generalized. RESULTS Sixty percentage of patients (n = 24) included in this study obtained a clinical response, and 30% of patients (n = 12) obtained remission of depression. The group with pharmacological treatment obtained clinical responses in 80% of patients (n = 16) and remission of depression in 45% of patients (n = 9). The group with pharmacological treatment and TMS obtained clinical responses in 40% of patients (n = 8) and remission of depression in 15% (n = 3) of cases. CONCLUSIONS The study results show a lack of efficacy for TMS as an adjunctive therapy to pharmacological treatment for patients with depression. In addition, a negative impact of psychotropic medication on TMS efficacy is observed in our study sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan A Constantin
- Basic, Preventive and Clinical Sciences Department, Transilvania University, Brasov, Romania; and
| | - Vlad Monescu
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Transilvania University, Brasov, Romania
| | - Ionut H Cioriceanu
- Basic, Preventive and Clinical Sciences Department, Transilvania University, Brasov, Romania; and
| | - Florin Gabriel Leaşu
- Basic, Preventive and Clinical Sciences Department, Transilvania University, Brasov, Romania; and
| | - Liliana M Rogozea
- Basic, Preventive and Clinical Sciences Department, Transilvania University, Brasov, Romania; and
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Pereira FHF, Santos-de-Araújo AD, Pontes-Silva A, Marinho RS, Garcia-Araújo AS, Borghi-Silva A, Gonçalves MC, de Cássia Mendonça de Miranda R, Protazio JB, Pinheiro CAB, Dibai-Filho AV, Bassi-Dibai D. Regular Physical Exercise Adherence Scale (REPEAS): a new instrument to measure environmental and personal barriers to adherence to regular physical exercise. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2491. [PMID: 38093228 PMCID: PMC10717144 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17438-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To create, develop, and validate a scale that identifies the environmental and personal barriers that make it difficult to adhere to the practice of physical exercise on a regular basis in a population of Brazilian adults. METHODS We include adult individuals, aged 18-59 years, practitioners or former practitioners of physical exercise, with Brazilian Portuguese as their mother tongue. In the development and validation phases of the process, 6 specialists in the field of the health assessed the content validity: firstly, the specialists were asked to freely list the questions they would ask to investigate the barriers to adherence to regulating physical activity. Secondly, after compiling all the suggestions listed and eliminating suggestions with similar content, the items suggested in the first round were sent to the specialists so that an evaluation of all questions using a 5-point Likert scale and the content validity coefficient was calculated. We then evaluated the structural validity, construct validity, reliability, internal consistency, and ceiling and floor effects of the Regular Physical Exercise Adherence Scale (REPEAS). RESULTS Sixteen items were proposed to measure the factors that make it difficult to adhere to the regular practice of physical exercise. The internal structure of the REPEAS initially tested was based on the theoretical proposal of creating the instrument with two domains. After the structural analysis, we used the modification indices to identify the redundant items of the instrument. Consequently, the final version of the REPEAS after factor analysis had 12 items. Thus, the structure with 2 domains and 12 items presented adequate fit indices. With regard to construct validity, the REPEAS scores were compared in two distinct groups: irregular practitioners/ex-practitioners versus regular practitioners of physical exercise, in which a significant difference could be observed between groups (p < 0.001) for both the domains. Acceptable reliability was observed for the environment and personal domains, with ICC values of 0.86 and 0.94, in the same order. For internal consistency, Cronbach's alpha value was 0.908 (environmental domain) and 0.915 (personal domain), these values being adequate for the REPEAS. CONCLUSION The REPEAS is a scale with a valid two-dimensional internal structure, consisting of 12 items, reliable and with a valid construct, which supports its use in the clinical, epidemiological, and research contexts in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aldair Darlan Santos-de-Araújo
- Department of Physical Therapy, Postgraduate Program in Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André Pontes-Silva
- Department of Physical Therapy, Postgraduate Program in Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renan Shida Marinho
- Department of Physical Therapy, Postgraduate Program in Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana Sanches Garcia-Araújo
- Department of Physical Therapy, Postgraduate Program in Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Audrey Borghi-Silva
- Department of Physical Therapy, Postgraduate Program in Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Jhonata Botelho Protazio
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | | | - Almir Vieira Dibai-Filho
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Adult Health, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Daniela Bassi-Dibai
- Postgraduate Program in Environment, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil.
- Postgraduate Program in Management of Health Services and Programs, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil.
- Departament of Physical Therapy, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil.
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Meio Ambiente, Universidade Ceuma, Rua Josué Montello, 1, Jardim Renascença. CEP 65075-120, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil.
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Bravo C, Minano-Garrido E, Carballo-Costa L, Muñoz-Cruzado y Barba M, Solé S, Rubí-Carnacea F, Catalan-Matamoros D. Beliefs and Self-Perceptions of Spanish Mental Health Professionals about Physical Therapy in Mental Health: An Observational Survey Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:3136. [PMID: 38132026 PMCID: PMC10742876 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11243136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to understand the image, perception, and beliefs regarding the role of the physiotherapist in the field of mental health physiotherapy, both among the professional community and other multidisciplinary teams. METHODS An observational phenomenological qualitative study through the administration of an ad hoc survey comprising both categorical and open-ended as well as quantitative questions was conducted. RESULTS A total of 368 responses were analysed. The participants comprised 78.4% women with a mean age of 37.5, an average professional experience of 14.33 years, and 88.3% practicing physical therapists. From the qualitative analysis conducted, three categories emerged in relation to the obtained responses: (a) functions with codes of "improving quality of life" and "intervening in physical pathologies"; (b) objectives with codes of "Improving quality of life", "Intervening in physical pathologies", "Functional rehabilitation", "Health promotion", and "Intervening in mental disorders"; and (c) image with codes "unfamiliarity", "holistic vision", "necessity", and "importance". Regarding the tools, the findings highlight a strong focus on physical exercise interventions due to their well-established benefits. Cognitive strategies like therapeutic relationships and cognitive-behavioural techniques were also prominent. Additionally, embodiment techniques involving movement, relaxation, breathing, and voice usage were notable. Lastly, manual therapy and physical agents formed another distinct category. CONCLUSIONS The vision and role of this professional profile were unknown to the respondents. Despite being perceived as having a holistic view of the patient and being considered an essential need, the actual image remains vague. However, there is significant interest, indicating a promising future, although the lack of specialized training is noted. Therefore, the need for specialized education and awareness campaigns among professionals in the mental health field is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Bravo
- Group of Salut&Genesis, Campus de Salud UdL-Igualada, 08700 Barcelona, Spain;
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, 25006 Lleida, Spain;
- Grup d’Estudis Societat, Salut, Educació i Cultura, GESEC, Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, 25006 Lleida, Spain
- Health Care Research Group (GRECS), Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research Dr. Pifarré Foundation, IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Emilio Minano-Garrido
- International School of Doctoral Studies, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
- Department of Physical Therapy, Hôpital Haut-Lévêque, CHU Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Lidia Carballo-Costa
- Grupo de investigación en Intervención psicosocial y Rehabilitación funcional, Faculty of Physiotherapy Universidade da Coruña, Campus de A Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain;
| | | | - Silvia Solé
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, 25006 Lleida, Spain;
- Grup d’Estudis Societat, Salut, Educació i Cultura, GESEC, Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, 25006 Lleida, Spain
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malaga, 29016 Malaga, Spain;
| | - Francesc Rubí-Carnacea
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, 25006 Lleida, Spain;
- Grup d’Estudis Societat, Salut, Educació i Cultura, GESEC, Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, 25006 Lleida, Spain
- Health Care Research Group (GRECS), Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research Dr. Pifarré Foundation, IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Daniel Catalan-Matamoros
- Research Group CTS 451 “Health Sciences”, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain;
- Science/Health Communication, University Carlos III of Madrid, 28911 Madrid, Spain
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