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Abankwah JK, Wang Y, Wang J, Ogbe SE, Pozzo LD, Chu X, Bian Y. Gut aging: A wane from the normal to repercussion and gerotherapeutic strategies. Heliyon 2024; 10:e37883. [PMID: 39381110 PMCID: PMC11456882 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Globally, age-related diseases represent a significant public health concern among the elderly population. In aging, healthy organs and tissues undergo structural and functional changes that put the aged adults at risk of diseases. Some of the age-related diseases include cancer, atherosclerosis, brain disorders, muscle atrophy (sarcopenia), gastrointestinal (GIT) disorders, etc. In organs, a decline in stem cell function is the starting point of many conditions and is extremely important in GIT disorder development. Many studies have established that aging affects stem cells and their surrounding supportive niche components. Although there is a significant advancement in treating intestinal aging, the rising elderly population coupled with a higher occurrence of chronic gut ailments necessitates more effective therapeutic approaches to preserve gut health. Notable therapeutic strategies such as Western medicine, traditional Chinese medicine, and other health-promotion interventions have been reported in several studies to hold promise in mitigating age-related gut disorders. This review highlights findings across various facets of gut aging with a focus on aging-associated changes of intestinal stem cells and their niche components, thus a deviation from the normal to repercussion, as well as essential therapeutic strategies to mitigate intestinal aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph K. Abankwah
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jida Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Susan Enechojo Ogbe
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Lisa Dal Pozzo
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - XiaoQian Chu
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - YuHong Bian
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
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2
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Liang Y, Li Y, Lee C, Yu Z, Chen C, Liang C. Ulcerative colitis: molecular insights and intervention therapy. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2024; 5:42. [PMID: 39384730 PMCID: PMC11464740 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-024-00207-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 10/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by abdominal pain, diarrhea, rectal bleeding, and weight loss. The pathogenesis and treatment of UC remain key areas of research interest. Various factors, including genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and alterations in the gut microbiota, are believed to contribute to the pathogenesis of UC. Current treatments for UC include 5-aminosalicylic acids, corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and biologics. However, study reported that the one-year clinical remission rate is only around 40%. It is necessary to prompt the exploration of new treatment modalities. Biologic therapies, such as anti-TNF-α monoclonal antibody and JAK inhibitor, primarily consist of small molecules targeting specific pathways, effectively inducing and maintaining remission. Given the significant role of the gut microbiota, research into intestinal microecologics, such as probiotics and prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) shows promising potential in UC treatment. Additionally, medicinal herbs, such as chili pepper and turmeric, used in complementary therapy have shown promising results in UC management. This article reviews recent findings on the mechanisms of UC, including genetic susceptibility, immune cell dynamics and cytokine regulation, and gut microbiota alterations. It also discusses current applications of biologic therapy, herbal therapy, microecologics, and FMT, along with their prospects and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Liang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Respiratory, Sichuan Integrative Medicine Hospital, Chengdu, 610042, China
| | - Chehao Lee
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ziwei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Chongli Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| | - Chao Liang
- Department of Geriatrics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China.
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3
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Kromann EH, Cearra AP, Neves JF. Organoids as a tool to study homeostatic and pathological immune-epithelial interactions in the gut. Clin Exp Immunol 2024; 218:28-39. [PMID: 38551817 PMCID: PMC11404120 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxad118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The intestine hosts the largest immune cell compartment in the body as a result of its continuous exposure to exogenous antigens. The intestinal barrier is formed by a single layer of epithelial cells which separate immune cells from the gut lumen. Bidirectional interactions between the epithelium and the immune compartment are critical for maintaining intestinal homeostasis by limiting infection, preventing excessive immune activation, and promoting tissue repair processes. However, our understanding of epithelial-immune interactions incomplete as the complexity of in vivo models can hinder mechanistic studies, cell culture models lack the cellular heterogeneity of the intestine and when established from primary cell can be difficult to maintain. In the last decade, organoids have emerged as a reliable model of the intestine, recapitulating key cellular and architectural features of native tissues. Herein, we provide an overview of how intestinal organoids are being co-cultured with immune cells leading to substantial advances in our understanding of immune-epithelial interactions in the gut. This has enabled new discoveries of the immune contribution to epithelial maintenance and regeneration both in homeostasis and in disease such as chronic inflammation, infection and cancer. Organoids can additionally be used to generate immune cells with a tissue-specific phenotype and to investigate the impact of disease associated risk genes on the intestinal immune environment. Accordingly, this review demonstrates the multitude of applications for intestinal organoids in immunological research and their potential for translational approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Højmose Kromann
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ainize Peña Cearra
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - Joana F Neves
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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4
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Pravoverov K, Fatima I, Barman S, Jühling F, Primeaux M, Baumert TF, Singh AB, Dhawan P. IL-22 regulates MASTL expression in intestinal epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2024; 327:G123-G139. [PMID: 38771154 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00260.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Microtubule-associated serine-threonine kinase-like (MASTL) has recently been identified as an oncogenic kinase given its overexpression in numerous cancers. Our group has shown that MASTL expression is upregulated in mouse models of sporadic colorectal cancer and colitis-associated cancer (CAC). CAC is one of the most severe complications of chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but a limited understanding of the mechanisms governing the switch from normal healing to neoplasia in IBD underscores the need for increased research in this area. However, MASTL levels in patients with IBD and its molecular regulation in IBD and CAC have not been studied. This study reveals that MASTL is upregulated by the cytokine interleukin (IL)-22, which promotes proliferation and has important functions in colitis recovery; however, IL-22 can also promote tumorigenesis when chronically elevated. Upon reviewing the publicly available data, we found significantly elevated MASTL and IL-22 levels in the biopsies from patients with late-stage ulcerative colitis compared with controls, and that MASTL upregulation was associated with high IL-22 expression. Our subsequent in vitro studies found that IL-22 increases MASTL expression in intestinal epithelial cell lines, which facilitates IL-22-mediated cell proliferation and downstream survival signaling. Inhibition of AKT activation abrogated IL-22-induced MASTL upregulation. We further found an increased association of carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) with MASTL in IL-22-treated cells, which stabilized MASTL expression. Inhibition of CAIX prevented IL-22-induced MASTL expression and cell survival. Overall, we show that IL-22/AKT signaling increases MASTL expression to promote cell survival and proliferation. Furthermore, CAIX associates with and stabilizes MASTL in response to IL-22 stimulation.NEW & NOTEWORTHY MASTL is upregulated in colorectal cancer; however, its role in colitis and colitis-associated cancer is poorly understood. This study is the first to draw a link between MASTL and IL-22, a proinflammatory/intestinal epithelial recovery-promoting cytokine that is also implicated in colon tumorigenesis. We propose that IL-22 increases MASTL protein stability by promoting its association with CAIX potentially via AKT signaling to promote cell survival and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Pravoverov
- Eppley Institute, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States
| | - Iram Fatima
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States
| | - Susmita Barman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States
| | - Frank Jühling
- Inserm U1110, Université de Strasbourg, Institute for Translational Medicine and Liver Disease (ITM), Strasbourg, France
- Inserm U1110, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Mark Primeaux
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States
| | - Thomas F Baumert
- Inserm U1110, Université de Strasbourg, Institute for Translational Medicine and Liver Disease (ITM), Strasbourg, France
- Inserm U1110, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- IHU Strasbourg and Gastroenterology-Hepatology Service, Strasbourg University Hospitals, Strasbourg, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
| | - Amar B Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States
- Veteran Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska, United States
| | - Punita Dhawan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States
- Veteran Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska, United States
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5
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Villegas-Novoa C, Wang Y, Sims CE, Allbritton NL. Creation of a spatially complex mucus bilayer on an in vitro colon model. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16849. [PMID: 39039235 PMCID: PMC11263341 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67591-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The colonic epithelium is comprised of three-dimensional crypts (3D) lined with mucus secreted by a heterogeneous population of goblet cells. In this study, we report the formation of a long-lived, and self-renewing replica of human 3D crypts with a mucus layer patterned in the X-Y-Z dimensions. Primary colon cells were cultured on a shaped scaffold under an air-liquid interface to yield architecturally accurate crypts with a mucus bilayer (605 ± 180 μm thick) possessing an inner (149 ± 50 μm) and outer (435 ± 111 μm) region. Lectins with distinct carbohydrate-binding preferences demonstrated that the mucus in the intercrypt regions was chemically distinct from that above and within the crypts replicating in vivo chemical patterning. Constitutive mucus secretion ejected beads from crypt lumens in 8-10 days, while agonist-stimulated secretion increased mucus thickness by 17-fold in 8 h. The tissue was long-lived, > 50 days, the longest time assessed. In conclusion, the in vitro mucus replicated key physiology of the human mucus, including the bilayer (Z) structure and intercrypt-crypt (X-Y) zones, constitutive mucus flow, spatially complex chemical attributes, and mucus secretion response to stimulation, with the potential to reveal local and global determinants of mucus function and its breakdown in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuli Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Christopher E Sims
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Nancy L Allbritton
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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6
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Nong H, Yuan H, Lin Y, Chen S, Li Y, Luo Z, Yang W, Zhang T, Chen Y. IL-22 promotes occludin expression by activating autophagy and treats ulcerative colitis. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:1443-1450. [PMID: 37440121 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04806-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
IL-22 serves a protective function in the intestinal barrier. These protective properties of IL-22 may offer a potential treatment for ulcerative colitis (UC). However, the exact mechanisms of action remain unclear. Autophagy plays an important protective role in stabilizing the intestinal barrier. We aimed to explore the role of autophagy in the IL-22-mediated-protective effects in UC. Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) was administrated via drinking water over 7 days to induce acute UC in BALB/c mice. Treatments with IL-22 (0.25 μg/10 g bodyweight) were started by intraperitoneal injection on days 1, 3, and 5. Weight, disease activity index, histological score, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were used to evaluate the severity of colitis. The expressions of occludin and autophagy-related proteins LC3BII/I were measured by western blot analysis. The lipopolysaccharide-induced HT-29 cell model was used to explore the mechanism. In vivo, IL-22 significantly alleviated DSS-induced clinical manifestations, reduced histological injury, and inhibited MPO activity. IL-22 upregulated the expression of occludin and the LC3B II/I ratio in the colon. In vitro, IL-22 significantly lowered TNF-α levels and enhanced the expression of occludin and the LC3B II/I ratio. Importantly, inhibiting autophagy in vitro by 3-Methyladenine (3-MA) attenuated the occludin protective effects of IL-22. In summary, our findings demonstrate that IL-22 ameliorates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis, which may be attributable to activating autophagy and then promoting occludin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Nong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530000, China
| | - Haifeng Yuan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530000, China
| | - Yiting Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530000, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530000, China
| | - Yanbo Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530000, China
| | - Zhaoqiong Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530000, China
| | - Wen Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530000, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530000, China.
| | - Yuanneng Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530000, China.
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7
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Yao Y, Shang W, Bao L, Peng Z, Wu C. Epithelial-immune cell crosstalk for intestinal barrier homeostasis. Eur J Immunol 2024; 54:e2350631. [PMID: 38556632 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
The intestinal barrier is mainly formed by a monolayer of epithelial cells, which forms a physical barrier to protect the gut tissues from external insults and provides a microenvironment for commensal bacteria to colonize while ensuring immune tolerance. Moreover, various immune cells are known to significantly contribute to intestinal barrier function by either directly interacting with epithelial cells or by producing immune mediators. Fulfilling this function of the gut barrier for mucosal homeostasis requires not only the intrinsic regulation of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) but also constant communication with immune cells and gut microbes. The reciprocal interactions between IECs and immune cells modulate mucosal barrier integrity. Dysregulation of barrier function could lead to dysbiosis, inflammation, and tumorigenesis. In this overview, we provide an update on the characteristics and functions of IECs, and how they integrate their functions with tissue immune cells and gut microbiota to establish gut homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikun Yao
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition & Health, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanjing Shang
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lingyu Bao
- Section on Molecular Morphogenesis, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Zhaoyi Peng
- Section on Molecular Morphogenesis, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chuan Wu
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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8
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Singh A, Beaupre M, Villegas-Novoa C, Shiomitsu K, Gaudino SJ, Tawch S, Damle R, Kempen C, Choudhury B, McAleer JP, Sheridan BS, Denoya P, Blumberg RS, Hearing P, Allbritton NL, Kumar P. IL-22 promotes mucin-type O-glycosylation and MATH1 + cell-mediated amelioration of intestinal inflammation. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114206. [PMID: 38733584 PMCID: PMC11328608 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The interleukin (IL)-22 cytokine can be protective or inflammatory in the intestine. It is unclear if IL-22 receptor (IL-22Ra1)-mediated protection involves a specific type of intestinal epithelial cell (IEC). By using a range of IEC type-specific Il22Ra1 conditional knockout mice and a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) colitis model, we demonstrate that IL-22Ra1 signaling in MATH1+ cells (goblet and progenitor cells) is essential for maintaining the mucosal barrier and intestinal tissue regeneration. The IL-22Ra1 signaling in IECs promotes mucin core-2 O-glycan extension and induces beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase 5 (B3GALT5) expression in the colon. Adenovirus-mediated expression of B3galt5 is sufficient to rescue Il22Ra1IEC mice from DSS colitis. Additionally, we observe a reduction in the expression of B3GALT5 and the Tn antigen, which indicates defective mucin O-glycan, in the colon tissue of patients with ulcerative colitis. Lastly, IL-22Ra1 signaling in MATH1+ progenitor cells promotes organoid regeneration after DSS injury. Our findings suggest that IL-22-dependent protective responses involve O-glycan modification, proliferation, and differentiation in MATH1+ progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Singh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Michael Beaupre
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | | | - Kiyoshi Shiomitsu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Stephen J Gaudino
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Suzanne Tawch
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Ruhee Damle
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Cody Kempen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Biswa Choudhury
- GlycoAnalytics Core, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jeremy P McAleer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Marshall University School of Pharmacy, Huntington, WV 25701, USA
| | - Brian S Sheridan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Paula Denoya
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Richard S Blumberg
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Patrick Hearing
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Nancy L Allbritton
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
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Peng Z, Zhang J, Zhang M, Yin L, Zhou Z, Lv C, Wang Z, Tang J. Tryptophan metabolites relieve intestinal Candida albicans infection by altering the gut microbiota to reduce IL-22 release from group 3 innate lymphoid cells of the colon lamina propria. Food Funct 2024; 15:5364-5381. [PMID: 38639049 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00432a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Invasive candidiasis may be caused by Candida albicans (C. albicans) colonization of the intestinal tract. Preventing intestinal damage caused by Candida albicans infection and protecting intestinal barrier function have become a critical issue. Integrated analyses of the microbiome with metabolome revealed a remarkable shift of the gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolites, kynurenic acid (KynA), and indolacrylic acid (IA) in mice infected with C. albicans. The transcriptome sequencing indicated that differentially expressed genes were significantly associated with innate immune responses and inflammatory responses. The results of this study suggest that KynA and IA (KI) can alleviate intestinal damage caused by Candida albicans infection in mice by reducing intestinal permeability, increasing intestinal firmness, alleviating intestinal inflammation, and reducing the secretion of interleukin-22 (IL-22) in the 3 groups of colon innate lymphoid cells (ILC3). We performed a fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) experiment and found that the intestinal barrier function, inflammation, and IL-22 secretion of ILC3 in the colon lamina propria of the recipient mice subjected to C. albicans infection and KI treatment were consistent with the trends of the donor mice. Our results suggest that tryptophan metabolites may directly regulate colon lamina ILC3 to promote intestinal resistance to C. albicans invasion, or indirectly regulate the ILC3 secretion of IL-22 to play a protective role in the intestinal barrier by affecting intestinal microorganisms, which may become a potential target for alleviating intestine borne C. albicans infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyao Peng
- Department of Trauma-Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiali Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Yin
- Department of Trauma-Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziyang Zhou
- Department of Trauma-Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cuiting Lv
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zetian Wang
- Department of Trauma-Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianguo Tang
- Department of Trauma-Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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10
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Verma S, Lin X, Coulson-Thomas VJ. The Potential Reversible Transition between Stem Cells and Transient-Amplifying Cells: The Limbal Epithelial Stem Cell Perspective. Cells 2024; 13:748. [PMID: 38727284 PMCID: PMC11083486 DOI: 10.3390/cells13090748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Stem cells (SCs) undergo asymmetric division, producing transit-amplifying cells (TACs) with increased proliferative potential that move into tissues and ultimately differentiate into a specialized cell type. Thus, TACs represent an intermediary state between stem cells and differentiated cells. In the cornea, a population of stem cells resides in the limbal region, named the limbal epithelial stem cells (LESCs). As LESCs proliferate, they generate TACs that move centripetally into the cornea and differentiate into corneal epithelial cells. Upon limbal injury, research suggests a population of progenitor-like cells that exists within the cornea can move centrifugally into the limbus, where they dedifferentiate into LESCs. Herein, we summarize recent advances made in understanding the mechanism that governs the differentiation of LESCs into TACs, and thereafter, into corneal epithelial cells. We also outline the evidence in support of the existence of progenitor-like cells in the cornea and whether TACs could represent a population of cells with progenitor-like capabilities within the cornea. Furthermore, to gain further insights into the dynamics of TACs in the cornea, we outline the most recent findings in other organ systems that support the hypothesis that TACs can dedifferentiate into SCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir Verma
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, 4901 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX 77204, USA;
- Deen Dayal Upadhyaya College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110078, India
| | - Xiao Lin
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, 4901 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX 77204, USA;
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11
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Gaudino SJ, Singh A, Huang H, Padiadpu J, Jean-Pierre M, Kempen C, Bahadur T, Shiomitsu K, Blumberg R, Shroyer KR, Beyaz S, Shulzhenko N, Morgun A, Kumar P. Intestinal IL-22RA1 signaling regulates intrinsic and systemic lipid and glucose metabolism to alleviate obesity-associated disorders. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1597. [PMID: 38383607 PMCID: PMC10881576 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45568-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
IL-22 is critical for ameliorating obesity-induced metabolic disorders. However, it is unknown where IL-22 acts to mediate these outcomes. Here we examine the importance of tissue-specific IL-22RA1 signaling in mediating long-term high fat diet (HFD) driven metabolic disorders. To do so, we generated intestinal epithelium-, liver-, and white adipose tissue (WAT)-specific Il22ra1 knockout and littermate control mice. Intestinal epithelium- and liver-specific IL-22RA1 signaling upregulated systemic glucose metabolism. Intestinal IL-22RA1 signaling also mediated liver and WAT metabolism in a microbiota-dependent manner. We identified an association between Oscillibacter and elevated WAT inflammation, likely induced by Mmp12 expressing macrophages. Mechanistically, transcription of intestinal lipid metabolism genes is regulated by IL-22 and potentially IL-22-induced IL-18. Lastly, we show that Paneth cell-specific IL-22RA1 signaling, in part, mediates systemic glucose metabolism after HFD. Overall, these results elucidate a key role of intestinal epithelium-specific IL-22RA1 signaling in regulating intestinal metabolism and alleviating systemic obesity-associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Gaudino
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Ankita Singh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Huakang Huang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Jyothi Padiadpu
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Makheni Jean-Pierre
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Cody Kempen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Tej Bahadur
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Kiyoshi Shiomitsu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Richard Blumberg
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kenneth R Shroyer
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Semir Beyaz
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
| | - Natalia Shulzhenko
- Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Andrey Morgun
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
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12
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Klotskova H, Kidess E, Nadal AL, Brugman S. The role of interleukin-22 in mammalian intestinal homeostasis: Friend and foe. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1144. [PMID: 38363052 PMCID: PMC10870696 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-22 (IL-22) is an important cytokine in the intestinal environment. IL-22 is mainly produced by immune cells and targeted at nonimmune cells such as epithelial and stromal cells in a broad array of tissues such as -but not restricted to- the liver and adipose tissue. IL-22 therefore connects immune functions with metabolic functions of the host, and since it is induced by the microbiota, connects host functioning to the outside environment. IL-22 induces epithelial cell proliferation aiding in rapid epithelium regeneration and wound healing. Additionally, IL-22 activates antiapoptotic genes and DNA damage response pathways, enhancing epithelial cell survival. Recently, it has also been shown that IL-22 induces Paneth cell differentiation in humans. However, IL-22 can also contribute to intestinal epithelium damage and reduces microbial diversity in the intestine directly or indirectly by inducing excessive antimicrobial peptide production by epithelial cells. Moreover, IL-22 enhances angiogenesis and may therefore support tumorigenesis in the intestine. In conclusion, it appears that whether IL-22 has a beneficial or harmful effect in the mammalian intestine largely depends on its regulation. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current literature and emphasizes that IL-22 signaling outcome depends on the timing and duration of IL-22 production, the presence of it regulators such as IL-22BP, and the specific location of the cytokine production in the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hedi‐Britt Klotskova
- Host Microbe Interactomics, Animal Sciences GroupWageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Evelien Kidess
- Host Microbe Interactomics, Animal Sciences GroupWageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Adria L. Nadal
- Host Microbe Interactomics, Animal Sciences GroupWageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Sylvia Brugman
- Host Microbe Interactomics, Animal Sciences GroupWageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
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13
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Liu X, Li Y, Gu M, Xu T, Wang C, Chang P. Radiation enteropathy-related depression: A neglectable course of disease by gut bacterial dysbiosis. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e6865. [PMID: 38457257 PMCID: PMC10923036 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Radiation enteropathy (RE) is common in patients treated with radiotherapy for pelvic-abdominal cancers. Accumulating data indicate that gut commensal bacteria determine intestinal radiosensitivity. Radiotherapy can result in gut bacterial dysbiosis. Gut bacterial dysbiosis contributes to the pathogenesis of RE. Mild to moderate depressive symptoms can be observed in patients with RE in clinical settings; however, the rate of these symptoms has not been reported. Studies have demonstrated that gut bacterial dysbiosis induces depression. In the state of comorbidity, RE and depression may be understood as local and abscopal manifestations of gut bacterial disorders. The ability of comorbid depression to worsen inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has long been demonstrated and is associated with dysfunction of cholinergic neural anti-inflammatory pathways. There is a lack of direct evidence for RE comorbid with depression. It is widely accepted that RE shares similar pathophysiologic mechanisms with IBD. Therefore, we may be able to draw on the findings of the relationship between IBD and depression. This review will explore the relationship between gut bacteria, RE, and depression in light of the available evidence and indicate a method for investigating the mechanisms of RE combined with depression. We will also describe new developments in the treatment of RE with probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbial transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinliang Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology and TherapyThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology and TherapyThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Meichen Gu
- Department of Radiation Oncology and TherapyThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Tiankai Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology and TherapyThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Chuanlei Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery CenterThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Pengyu Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology and TherapyThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
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14
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Bensemmane L, Milliat F, Treton X, Linard C. Systemically delivered adipose stromal vascular fraction mitigates radiation-induced gastrointestinal syndrome by immunomodulating the inflammatory response through a CD11b + cell-dependent mechanism. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:325. [PMID: 37953266 PMCID: PMC10641938 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03562-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) treatment promoted the regeneration of the intestinal epithelium, limiting lethality in a mouse model of radiation-induced gastrointestinal syndrome (GIS). The SVF has a heterogeneous cell composition; the effects between SVF and the host intestinal immunity are still unknown. The specific role of the different cells contained in the SVF needs to be clarified. Monocytes-macrophages have a crucial role in repair and monocyte recruitment and activation are orchestrated by the chemokine receptors CX3CR1 and CCR2. METHODS Mice exposed to abdominal radiation (18 Gy) received a single intravenous injection of SVF (2.5 × 106 cells), obtained by enzymatic digestion of inguinal fat tissue, on the day of irradiation. Intestinal immunity and regeneration were evaluated by flow cytometry, RT-PCR and histological analyses. RESULTS Using flow cytometry, we showed that SVF treatment modulated intestinal monocyte differentiation at 7 days post-irradiation by very early increasing the CD11b+Ly6C+CCR2+ population in the intestine ileal mucosa and accelerating the phenotype modification to acquire CX3CR1 in order to finally restore the F4/80+CX3CR1+ macrophage population. In CX3CR1-depleted mice, SVF treatment fails to mature the Ly6C-MCHII+CX3CR1+ population, leading to a macrophage population deficit associated with proinflammatory environment maintenance and defective intestinal repair; this impaired SVF efficiency on survival. Consistent with a CD11b+ being involved in SVF-induced intestinal repair, we showed that SVF-depleted CD11b+ treatment impaired F4/80+CX3CR1+macrophage pool restoration and caused loss of anti-inflammatory properties, abrogating stem cell compartment repair and survival. CONCLUSIONS These data showed that SVF treatment mitigates the GIS-involving immunomodulatory effect. Cooperation between the monocyte in SVF and the host monocyte defining the therapeutic properties of the SVF is necessary to guarantee the effective action of the SVF on the GIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Bensemmane
- PSE-SANTE/SERAMED/LRMed, Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), 92260, Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France
| | - Fabien Milliat
- PSE-SANTE/SERAMED/LRMed, Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), 92260, Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France
| | | | - Christine Linard
- PSE-SANTE/SERAMED/LRMed, Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), 92260, Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France.
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15
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Wang P, Kljavin N, Nguyen TTT, Storm EE, Marsh B, Jiang J, Lin W, Menon H, Piskol R, de Sauvage FJ. Adrenergic nerves regulate intestinal regeneration through IL-22 signaling from type 3 innate lymphoid cells. Cell Stem Cell 2023; 30:1166-1178.e8. [PMID: 37597516 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2023.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium has high intrinsic turnover rate, and the precise renewal of the epithelium is dependent on the microenvironment. The intestine is innervated by a dense network of peripheral nerves that controls various aspects of intestinal physiology. However, the role of neurons in regulating epithelial cell regeneration remains largely unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of gut-innervating adrenergic nerves on epithelial cell repair following irradiation (IR)-induced injury. We observed that adrenergic nerve density in the small intestine increased post IR, while chemical adrenergic denervation impaired epithelial regeneration. Single-cell RNA sequencing experiments revealed a decrease in IL-22 signaling post IR in denervated animals. Combining pharmacologic and genetic tools, we demonstrate that β-adrenergic receptor signaling drives IL-22 production from type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) post IR, which in turn promotes epithelial regeneration. These results define an adrenergic-ILC3 axis important for intestinal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Putianqi Wang
- Molecular Oncology, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Noelyn Kljavin
- Molecular Oncology, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Thi Thu Thao Nguyen
- Oncology Bioinformatics, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Elaine E Storm
- Molecular Oncology, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Bryan Marsh
- Molecular Oncology, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Jian Jiang
- Research Pathology, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - William Lin
- Research Pathology, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Hari Menon
- Microchemistry, Proteomics, Lipidomics and Next Generation Sequencing, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Robert Piskol
- Oncology Bioinformatics, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
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16
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Chen J, Yao J. Th22 cells and the intestinal mucosal barrier. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1221068. [PMID: 37646028 PMCID: PMC10461049 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1221068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
T-helper 22 (Th22) cells represent a novel subset of CD4+ T cells that exhibit distinctive characteristics, namely the secretion of IL-22 while abstaining from secreting IL-17 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). These cells serve as the primary source of IL-22, and both Th22 cells and IL-22 are believed to play a role in maintaining intestinal mucosal homeostasis in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the precise functions of Th22 cells and IL-22 in this context remain a subject of debate. In this work, we aimed to elucidate their impact on the integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier by presenting an overview of the molecular structure characteristics and functional effects of Th22 cells and IL-22. Furthermore, we would explore targeted treatment approaches and potential therapeutic strategies focusing on the Th22 and IL-22 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieli Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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17
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Ahmad Sophien AN, Jusop AS, Tye GJ, Tan YF, Wan Kamarul Zaman WS, Nordin F. Intestinal stem cells and gut microbiota therapeutics: hype or hope? Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1195374. [PMID: 37547615 PMCID: PMC10400779 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1195374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The vital role of the intestines as the main site for the digestion and absorption of nutrients for the body continues subconsciously throughout one's lifetime, but underneath all the complex processes lie the intestinal stem cells and the gut microbiota that work together to maintain the intestinal epithelium. Intestinal stem cells (ISC) are multipotent stem cells from which all intestinal epithelial cells originate, and the gut microbiota refers to the abundant collection of various microorganisms that reside in the gastrointestinal tract. Both reside in the intestines and have many mechanisms and pathways in place with the ultimate goal of co-managing human gastrointestinal tract homeostasis. Based on the abundance of research that is focused on either of these two topics, this suggests that there are many methods by which both players affect one another. Therefore, this review aims to address the relationship between ISC and the gut microbiota in the context of regenerative medicine. Understanding the principles behind both aspects is therefore essential in further studies in the field of regenerative medicine by making use of the underlying designed mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Naqiuddin Ahmad Sophien
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (CTERM), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Amirah Syamimi Jusop
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (CTERM), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Gee Jun Tye
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, Malaysia
| | - Yuen-Fen Tan
- PPUKM-MAKNA Cancer Center, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- M. Kandiah Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (MK FMHS), Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Malaysia
| | - Wan Safwani Wan Kamarul Zaman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Innovation in Medical Engineering (CIME), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fazlina Nordin
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (CTERM), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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18
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Tian J, Li Y, Bao X, Yang F, Tang X, Jiang Q, Yang C, Yin Y, Yao K. Glutamine boosts intestinal stem cell-mediated small intestinal epithelial development during early weaning: Involvement of WNT signaling. Stem Cell Reports 2023:S2213-6711(23)00191-1. [PMID: 37327782 PMCID: PMC10362502 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2023.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Early weaning usually causes small intestine epithelial development abnormality, increasing the risk of gastrointestinal diseases. Glutamine (Gln), enriching in plasma and milk, is widely reported to benefit intestinal health. However, whether Gln affects intestinal stem cell (ISC) activity in response to early weaning is unclear. Here, both the early weaning mice and intestinal organoids were used to study the role of Gln in regulating ISC activities. Results showed that Gln ameliorated early weaning-induced epithelial atrophy and augmented the ISC-mediated epithelial regeneration. Gln deprivation disabled ISC-mediated epithelial regeneration and crypt fission in vitro. Mechanistically, Gln augmented WNT signaling in a dose-dependent manner to regulate ISC activity, while WNT signaling blockage abolished the effects of Gln on ISCs. Together, Gln accelerates stem cell-mediated intestinal epithelial development associated with the augmentation of WNT signaling, which provides novel insights into the mechanism by which Gln promotes intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junquan Tian
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100008, China
| | - Yuying Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100008, China
| | - Xuetai Bao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100008, China
| | - Fan Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100008, China
| | - Xiongzhuo Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, China
| | - Qian Jiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, China.
| | - Chengbo Yang
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Yulong Yin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100008, China
| | - Kang Yao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100008, China.
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19
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Yang J, Shi Y. Paneth cell development in the neonatal gut: pathway regulation, development, and relevance to necrotizing enterocolitis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1184159. [PMID: 37266449 PMCID: PMC10231676 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1184159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Paneth cells (PCs) are intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) that contain eosinophilic granules, which are located in Lieberkühn crypts. An increasing number of animal and human experiments have indicated that PCs are involved in the progression of a variety of intestinal as well as systemic inflammatory responses including necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). NEC is an enteric acquired disease with high mortality that usually occurs in premature infants and neonates, however the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this review, we summarize the features of PCs, including their immune function, association with gut microbiota and intestinal stem cells, and their mechanism of regulating IEC death to explore the possible mechanisms by which PCs affect NEC.
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20
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Cancedda R, Mastrogiacomo M. Transit Amplifying Cells (TACs): a still not fully understood cell population. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1189225. [PMID: 37229487 PMCID: PMC10203484 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1189225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of tissue homeostasis and tissue regeneration after an insult are essential functions of adult stem cells (SCs). In adult tissues, SCs proliferate at a very slow rate within "stem cell niches", but, during tissue development and regeneration, before giving rise to differentiated cells, they give rise to multipotent and highly proliferative cells, known as transit-amplifying cells (TACs). Although differences exist in diverse tissues, TACs are not only a transitory phase from SCs to post-mitotic cells, but they also actively control proliferation and number of their ancestor SCs and proliferation and differentiation of their progeny toward tissue specific functional cells. Autocrine signals and negative and positive feedback and feedforward paracrine signals play a major role in these controls. In the present review we will consider the generation and the role played by TACs during development and regeneration of lining epithelia characterized by a high turnover including epidermis and hair follicles, ocular epithelial surfaces, and intestinal mucosa. A comparison between these different tissues will be made. There are some genes and molecular pathways whose expression and activation are common to most TACs regardless their tissue of origin. These include, among others, Wnt, Notch, Hedgehog and BMP pathways. However, the response to these molecular signals can vary in TACs of different tissues. Secondly, we will consider cultured cells derived from tissues of mesodermal origin and widely adopted for cell therapy treatments. These include mesenchymal stem cells and dedifferentiated chondrocytes. The possible correlation between cell dedifferentiation and reversion to a transit amplifying cell stage will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranieri Cancedda
- Emeritus Professor, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maddalena Mastrogiacomo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche (DIMI), Università Degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
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21
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Corrêa RO, Castro PR, Fachi JL, Nirello VD, El-Sahhar S, Imada S, Pereira GV, Pral LP, Araújo NVP, Fernandes MF, Matheus VA, de Souza Felipe J, Dos Santos Pereira Gomes AB, de Oliveira S, de Rezende Rodovalho V, de Oliveira SRM, de Assis HC, Oliveira SC, Dos Santos Martins F, Martens E, Colonna M, Varga-Weisz P, Vinolo MAR. Inulin diet uncovers complex diet-microbiota-immune cell interactions remodeling the gut epithelium. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:90. [PMID: 37101209 PMCID: PMC10131329 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01520-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The continuous proliferation of intestinal stem cells followed by their tightly regulated differentiation to epithelial cells is essential for the maintenance of the gut epithelial barrier and its functions. How these processes are tuned by diet and gut microbiome is an important, but poorly understood question. Dietary soluble fibers, such as inulin, are known for their ability to impact the gut bacterial community and gut epithelium, and their consumption has been usually associated with health improvement in mice and humans. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that inulin consumption modifies the composition of colonic bacteria and this impacts intestinal stem cells functions, thus affecting the epithelial structure. METHODS Mice were fed with a diet containing 5% of the insoluble fiber cellulose or the same diet enriched with an additional 10% of inulin. Using a combination of histochemistry, host cell transcriptomics, 16S microbiome analysis, germ-free, gnotobiotic, and genetically modified mouse models, we analyzed the impact of inulin intake on the colonic epithelium, intestinal bacteria, and the local immune compartment. RESULTS We show that the consumption of inulin diet alters the colon epithelium by increasing the proliferation of intestinal stem cells, leading to deeper crypts and longer colons. This effect was dependent on the inulin-altered gut microbiota, as no modulations were observed in animals deprived of microbiota, nor in mice fed cellulose-enriched diets. We also describe the pivotal role of γδ T lymphocytes and IL-22 in this microenvironment, as the inulin diet failed to induce epithelium remodeling in mice lacking this T cell population or cytokine, highlighting their importance in the diet-microbiota-epithelium-immune system crosstalk. CONCLUSION This study indicates that the intake of inulin affects the activity of intestinal stem cells and drives a homeostatic remodeling of the colon epithelium, an effect that requires the gut microbiota, γδ T cells, and the presence of IL-22. Our study indicates complex cross kingdom and cross cell type interactions involved in the adaptation of the colon epithelium to the luminal environment in steady state. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renan Oliveira Corrêa
- Laboratory of Immunoinflammation, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology, and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil.
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
| | - Pollyana Ribeiro Castro
- Laboratory of Immunoinflammation, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology, and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - José Luís Fachi
- Laboratory of Immunoinflammation, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology, and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Vinícius Dias Nirello
- International Laboratory for Microbiome Host Epigenetics, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology, and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Salma El-Sahhar
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Shinya Imada
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Gabriel Vasconcelos Pereira
- International Laboratory for Microbiome Host Epigenetics, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology, and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Laís Passariello Pral
- Laboratory of Immunoinflammation, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology, and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Nathália Vitoria Pereira Araújo
- International Laboratory for Microbiome Host Epigenetics, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology, and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Mariane Font Fernandes
- Laboratory of Immunoinflammation, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology, and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Valquíria Aparecida Matheus
- Laboratory of Immunoinflammation, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology, and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline de Souza Felipe
- Laboratory of Immunoinflammation, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology, and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Arilson Bernardo Dos Santos Pereira Gomes
- Laboratory of Immunoinflammation, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology, and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Sarah de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Immunoinflammation, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology, and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Vinícius de Rezende Rodovalho
- Laboratory of Immunoinflammation, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology, and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Samantha Roberta Machado de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Biotherapeutics Agents, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Helder Carvalho de Assis
- Laboratory of Immunoinflammation, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology, and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Sergio Costa Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Flaviano Dos Santos Martins
- Laboratory of Biotherapeutics Agents, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Eric Martens
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Marco Colonna
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Patrick Varga-Weisz
- International Laboratory for Microbiome Host Epigenetics, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology, and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
- São Paulo Excellence Chair, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology, and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurélio Ramirez Vinolo
- Laboratory of Immunoinflammation, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology, and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil.
- International Laboratory for Microbiome Host Epigenetics, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology, and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil.
- Experimental Medicine Research Cluster, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil.
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-864, Brazil.
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Tian J, Li Y, Bao X, Yang F, Tang X, Jiang Q, Yin Y, Yao K. Early weaning causes small intestinal atrophy by inhibiting the activity of intestinal stem cells: involvement of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:65. [PMID: 37020258 PMCID: PMC10077674 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03293-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early weaning and shorter breastfeeding duration are applied by a proportion of young mothers, especially in the social spheres of poverty-stricken areas. Early childhood is a critical period for intestinal development, which is driven by intestinal stem cells (ISCs). However, how early weaning practice affects the function of ISCs to mediate intestinal development remains unclear. METHODS We established an excellent early weaning mice model that has significant intestinal atrophy and growth arrest symptoms to explore the responses of ISCs to early weaning. The primary and passaged intestinal organoids from the suckling or early weaning mice were cultured to explore the underlying mechanism of early weaning affecting the ISCs. RESULTS Early weaning depressed the self-renewal of ISCs and attenuated the activity of ISCs-driven intestinal epithelial regeneration and crypt expansion in vivo and ex-vivo. Further results showed that early weaning retarded the differentiation of ISCs into transit-amplifying cells and Paneth cells, and accelerated the apoptosis of villous epithelial cells, jointly leading to intestinal epithelial atrophy. Mechanistically, early weaning inhibited Wnt signaling in ISCs, while an exogenous Wnt amplifier restored ISCs' function in ex-vivo. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that early weaning depresses the activity of ISCs via attenuating Wnt/β-catenin signaling and triggers the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 in jejunum, thereby impeding ISCs-driven epithelial regeneration and intestinal growth, which may provide a basal theory for the development of infant nutrients targeting stem cells to alleviate early weaning-induced intestinal problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junquan Tian
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100008, China
| | - Yuying Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100008, China
| | - Xuetai Bao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100008, China
| | - Fan Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100008, China
| | - Xiongzhuo Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Qian Jiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China.
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China.
| | - Yulong Yin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100008, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Kang Yao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100008, China.
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23
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Wang J, Zhao D, Lei Z, Ge P, Lu Z, Chai Q, Zhang Y, Qiang L, Yu Y, Zhang X, Li B, Zhu S, Zhang L, Liu CH. TRIM27 maintains gut homeostasis by promoting intestinal stem cell self-renewal. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:158-174. [PMID: 36596873 PMCID: PMC9887071 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-022-00963-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of gut homeostasis is associated with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder affecting approximately 11.2% of the global population. The poorly understood pathogenesis of IBS has impeded its treatment. Here, we report that the E3 ubiquitin ligase tripartite motif-containing 27 (TRIM27) is weakly expressed in IBS but highly expressed in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a frequent chronic organic gastrointestinal disorder. Accordingly, knockout of Trim27 in mice causes spontaneously occurring IBS-like symptoms, including increased visceral hyperalgesia and abnormal stool features, as observed in IBS patients. Mechanistically, TRIM27 stabilizes β-catenin and thus activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling to promote intestinal stem cell (ISC) self-renewal. Consistent with these findings, Trim27 deficiency disrupts organoid formation, which is rescued by reintroducing TRIM27 or β-catenin. Furthermore, Wnt/β-catenin signaling activator treatment ameliorates IBS symptoms by promoting ISC self-renewal. Taken together, these data indicate that TRIM27 is critical for maintaining gut homeostasis, suggesting that targeting the TRIM27/Wnt/β-catenin axis could be a potential treatment strategy for IBS. Our study also indicates that TRIM27 might serve as a potential biomarker for differentiating IBS from IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Dongdong Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Zehui Lei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Pupu Ge
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zhe Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Qiyao Chai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Lihua Qiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Yang Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Xinwen Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Bingxi Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Shu Zhu
- Institute of Immunology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Lingqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Cui Hua Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China.
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24
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Zheng L, Duan SL, Wen XL, Dai YC. Molecular regulation after mucosal injury and regeneration in ulcerative colitis. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:996057. [PMID: 36310594 PMCID: PMC9606627 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.996057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic nonspecific inflammatory disease with a complex etiology. Intestinal mucosal injury is an important pathological change in individuals with UC. Leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5+) intestinal stem cells (ISCs) exhibit self-renewal and high differentiation potential and play important roles in the repair of intestinal mucosal injury. Moreover, LGR5+ ISCs are intricately regulated by both the Wnt/β-catenin and Notch signaling pathways, which jointly maintain the function of LGR5+ ISCs. Combination therapy targeting multiple signaling pathways and transplantation of LGR5+ ISCs may lead to the development of new clinical therapies for UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lie Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Sheng-Lei Duan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xin-Li Wen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yan-Cheng Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yan-Cheng Dai,
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25
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Role of IL-22 in intestinal microenvironment and potential targeted therapy through diet. Immunol Res 2022; 71:121-129. [PMID: 36173554 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-022-09325-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
IL-22 is a type 2 receptor cytokine in IL-10 family. IL-22 is usually secreted by innate and adaptive immune cells and takes its effects on non-hematopoietic cells. Through activate STAT3 pathway, IL-22 plays an important role in infection clearance and tissue regeneration, which is critical for barrier integrate and homeostasis. Abnormal activation of IL-22 signal was observed in inflammation diseases, autoimmune diseases, and cancers. We review the recent discoveries about the mechanism and regulation of IL-22 signal pathway from the perspective of intestinal micro-environment. Diet-based IL-22 target therapeutic strategies and their potential clinical significance will also be discussed.
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26
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Ferguson N, Cogswell A, Barker E. Contribution of Innate Lymphoid Cells in Supplementing Cytokines Produced by CD4 + T Cells During Acute and Chronic SIV Infection of the Colon. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2022; 38:709-725. [PMID: 35459417 PMCID: PMC9514600 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2022.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
HIV/SIV (simian immunodeficiency virus) infection leads to a loss of CD4+ T helper (Th) cells in number and function that begins during the acute phase and persists through the chronic phase of infection. In particular, there is a drastic decrease of Th17 and Th22 cells in the HIV/SIV-infected gastrointestinal (GI) tract as a source of interleukin (IL)-17 and IL-22. These cytokines are vital in the immune response to extracellular pathogens and maintenance of the GI tract. However, innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a source of IL-17 and IL-22 during the early stages of an immune response in mucosal tissue and remain vital cytokine producers when the immune response is persistent. Here, we wanted to determine whether ILCs are a source of IL-17 and IL-22 in the SIV-infected colon and could compensate for the loss of Th17 and Th22 cells. As a control, we evaluated the frequency and number of ILCs expressing interferon-gamma (IFNγ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα). We determined the frequency and number of cytokine expressing ILC subsets and T cell subsets within leukocytes from the colons of uninfected as well as acute and chronic SIV-infected colons without in vitro mitogenic stimulation. In the present study, we find that: (1) the frequency of IL-22, IFNγ, and TNFα but not IL-17 producing ILCs is increased in the acutely infected colon and remains high during the chronically infected colon relative to cytokine expressing ILCs in the uninfected colon, (2) ILCs are a significant source of IL-22, IFNγ, and TNFα but not IL-17 when CD4+ T lymphocytes in the gut lose their capacity to secrete these cytokines during SIV infection, and (3) the changes in the cytokines expressed by ILCs relative to CD4+ T cells in the infected colon were not due to increases in the frequency or number of ILCs in relation to T lymphocytes found in the tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Ferguson
- Department of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Andrew Cogswell
- Department of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Edward Barker
- Department of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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27
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Optimized human intestinal organoid model reveals interleukin-22-dependency of paneth cell formation. Cell Stem Cell 2022; 29:1333-1345.e6. [PMID: 36002022 PMCID: PMC9438971 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Opposing roles have been proposed for IL-22 in intestinal pathophysiology. We have optimized human small intestinal organoid (hSIO) culturing, constitutively generating all differentiated cell types while maintaining an active stem cell compartment. IL-22 does not promote the expansion of stem cells but rather slows the growth of hSIOs. In hSIOs, IL-22 is required for formation of Paneth cells, the prime producers of intestinal antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Introduction of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-associated loss-of-function mutations in the IL-22 co-receptor gene IL10RB resulted in abolishment of Paneth cells in hSIOs. Moreover, IL-22 induced expression of host defense genes (such as REG1A, REG1B, and DMBT1) in enterocytes, goblet cells, Paneth cells, Tuft cells, and even stem cells. Thus, IL-22 does not directly control the regenerative capacity of crypt stem cells but rather boosts Paneth cell numbers, as well as the expression of AMPs in all cell types.
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28
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Shashikanth N, France MM, Xiao R, Haest X, Rizzo HE, Yeste J, Reiner J, Turner JR. Tight junction channel regulation by interclaudin interference. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3780. [PMID: 35773259 PMCID: PMC9246906 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31587-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tight junctions form selectively permeable seals across the paracellular space. Both barrier function and selective permeability have been attributed to members of the claudin protein family, which can be categorized as pore-forming or barrier-forming. Here, we show that claudin-4, a prototypic barrier-forming claudin, reduces paracellular permeability by a previously unrecognized mechanism. Claudin-4 knockout or overexpression has minimal effects on tight junction permeability in the absence of pore-forming claudins. However, claudin-4 selectively inhibits flux across cation channels formed by claudins 2 or 15. Claudin-4-induced loss of claudin channel function is accompanied by reduced anchoring and subsequent endocytosis of pore-forming claudins. Analyses in nonepithelial cells show that claudin-4, which is incapable of independent polymerization, disrupts polymeric strands and higher order meshworks formed by claudins 2, 7, 15, and 19. This process of interclaudin interference, in which one claudin disrupts higher order structures and channels formed by a different claudin, represents a previously unrecognized mechanism of barrier regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitesh Shashikanth
- Laboratory of Mucosal Barrier Pathobiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marion M France
- Laboratory of Mucosal Barrier Pathobiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ruyue Xiao
- Laboratory of Mucosal Barrier Pathobiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xenia Haest
- Laboratory of Mucosal Barrier Pathobiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Heather E Rizzo
- Laboratory of Mucosal Barrier Pathobiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jose Yeste
- Laboratory of Mucosal Barrier Pathobiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Johannes Reiner
- Division of Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine II, Rostock University Medical Center, Ernst-Heydemann-Str. 6, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jerrold R Turner
- Laboratory of Mucosal Barrier Pathobiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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29
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Epithelial dysfunction is prevented by IL-22 treatment in a Citrobacter rodentium-induced colitis model that shares similarities with inflammatory bowel disease. Mucosal Immunol 2022; 15:1338-1349. [PMID: 36372810 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-022-00577-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by a dysregulated intestinal epithelial barrier leading to breach of barrier immunity. Here we identified similar protein expression changes between IBD and Citrobacter rodentium-infected FVB mice with respect to dysregulation of solute transporters as well as components critical for intestinal barrier integrity. We attribute the disease associated changes in the model to the emergence of undifferentiated intermediate intestinal epithelial cells. Prophylactic treatment with IL-22.Fc in C. rodentium-infected FVB mice reduced disease severity and rescued the mice from lethality. Multi-omics and solute analyses revealed that IL-22.Fc treatment prevented disease-associated changes including disruption of the solute transporter machinery and restored proper physiological functions of the intestine, respectively. Taken together, we established the disease relevance of the C. rodentium-induced colitis model to IBD, demonstrated the protective role of IL-22 in amelioration of epithelial dysfunction and elucidated the molecular mechanisms with IL-22's effect on intestinal epithelial cells.
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30
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Khoramjoo SM, Kazemifard N, Baradaran Ghavami S, Farmani M, Shahrokh S, Asadzadeh Aghdaei H, Sherkat G, Zali MR. Overview of Three Proliferation Pathways (Wnt, Notch, and Hippo) in Intestine and Immune System and Their Role in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBDs). Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:865131. [PMID: 35677821 PMCID: PMC9170180 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.865131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a disorder, which involves the gastrointestinal (GI) tract consisting Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). The etiology of this disease is not yet clear and, hence, there are numerous medications and treatments for patients with IBD, although a definite and permanent treatment is still missing. Therefore, finding novel therapeutic approaches are vital for curing patients with IBD. In the GI tract, there are various lineages of cells with different roles that their existence is necessary for the barrier function of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). Therefore, signaling pathways, which manage the hemostasis of cell lineages in intestine, such as Wnt, Notch, and Hippo, could have crucial roles in regulation of barrier function in the intestine. Additionally, these signaling pathways function as a governor of cell growth, tissue homeostasis, and organ size. In patients with IBD, recent studies have revealed that these signaling pathways are dysregulated that it could result in depletion or excess of a cell lineage in the intestine. Moreover, dysregulation of these signaling pathways in different cell lineages of the immune system could lead to dysregulation of the immune system's responses in IBD. In this article, we summarized the components and signaling of Wnt, Notch, and Hippo pathways and their role in the intestine and immune system. Furthermore, we reviewed latest scientific literature on the crosstalk among these three signaling pathways in IBD. An overview of these three signaling pathways and their interactions in IBD could provide a novel insight for prospective study directions into finding efficient medications or treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mobin Khoramjoo
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nesa Kazemifard
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Baradaran Ghavami
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Shaghayegh Baradaran Ghavami
| | - Maryam Farmani
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shabnam Shahrokh
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghazal Sherkat
- Faculty of Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zali
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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31
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Lindholm HT, Parmar N, Drurey C, Poveda MC, Vornewald P, Ostrop J, Díez-Sanchez A, Maizels RM, Oudhoff MJ. BMP signaling in the intestinal epithelium drives a critical feedback loop to restrain IL-13-driven tuft cell hyperplasia. Sci Immunol 2022; 7:eabl6543. [PMID: 35559665 PMCID: PMC7614132 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abl6543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal tract is a common site for various types of infections including viruses, bacteria, and helminths, each requiring specific modes of immune defense. The intestinal epithelium has a pivotal role in both immune initiation and effector stages, which are coordinated by lymphocyte cytokines such as IFNγ, IL-13, and IL-22. Here, we studied intestinal epithelial immune responses using organoid image analysis based on a convolutional neural network, transcriptomic analysis, and in vivo infection models. We found that IL-13 and IL-22 both induce genes associated with goblet cells, but the resulting goblet cell phenotypes are dichotomous. Moreover, only IL-13-driven goblet cells are associated with classical NOTCH signaling. We further showed that IL-13 induces the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) pathway, which acts in a negative feedback loop on immune type 2-driven tuft cell hyperplasia. This is associated with inhibiting Sox4 expression to putatively limit the tuft cell progenitor population. Blocking ALK2, a BMP receptor, with the inhibitor dorsomorphin homolog 1 (DMH1) interrupted the feedback loop, resulting in greater tuft cell numbers both in vitro and in vivo after infection with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. Together, this investigation of cytokine effector responses revealed an unexpected and critical role for the BMP pathway in regulating type 2 immunity, which can be exploited to tailor epithelial immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Håvard T. Lindholm
- CEMIR - Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Naveen Parmar
- CEMIR - Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Claire Drurey
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology, Institute of Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, G12 8TA Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Marta Campillo Poveda
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology, Institute of Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, G12 8TA Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Pia Vornewald
- CEMIR - Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jenny Ostrop
- CEMIR - Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Alberto Díez-Sanchez
- CEMIR - Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Rick M. Maizels
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology, Institute of Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, G12 8TA Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Menno J. Oudhoff
- CEMIR - Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
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32
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Abraham C, Abreu MT, Turner JR. Pattern Recognition Receptor Signaling and Cytokine Networks in Microbial Defenses and Regulation of Intestinal Barriers: Implications for Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Gastroenterology 2022; 162:1602-1616.e6. [PMID: 35149024 PMCID: PMC9112237 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2021.12.288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease is characterized by defects in epithelial function and dysregulated inflammatory signaling by lamina propria mononuclear cells including macrophages and dendritic cells in response to microbiota. In this review, we focus on the role of pattern recognition receptors in the inflammatory response as well as epithelial barrier regulation. We explore cytokine networks that increase inflammation, regulate paracellular permeability, cause epithelial damage, up-regulate epithelial proliferation, and trigger restitutive processes. We focus on studies using patient samples as well as speculate on pathways that can be targeted to more holistically treat patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Abraham
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.
| | - Maria T. Abreu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Leonard Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Jerrold R. Turner
- Laboratory of Mucosal Barrier Pathobiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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33
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Ma L, Yu J, Zhang H, Zhao B, Zhang J, Yang D, Luo F, Wang B, Jin B, Liu J. Effects of Immune Cells on Intestinal Stem Cells: Prospects for Therapeutic Targets. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:2296-2314. [DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10347-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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34
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Chiang HY, Lu HH, Sudhakar JN, Chen YW, Shih NS, Weng YT, Shui JW. IL-22 initiates an IL-18-dependent epithelial response circuit to enforce intestinal host defence. Nat Commun 2022; 13:874. [PMID: 35169117 PMCID: PMC8847568 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28478-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-18 is emerging as an IL-22-induced and epithelium-derived cytokine which contributes to host defence against intestinal infection and inflammation. In contrast to its known role in Goblet cells, regulation of barrier function at the molecular level by IL-18 is much less explored. Here we show that IL-18 is a bona fide IL-22-regulated gate keeper for intestinal epithelial barrier. IL-22 promotes crypt immunity both via induction of phospho-Stat3 binding to the Il-18 gene promoter and via Il-18 independent mechanisms. In organoid culture, while IL-22 primarily increases organoid size and inhibits expression of stem cell genes, IL-18 preferentially promotes organoid budding and induces signature genes of Lgr5+ stem cells via Akt-Tcf4 signalling. During adherent-invasive E. coli (AIEC) infection, systemic administration of IL-18 corrects compromised T-cell IFNγ production and restores Lysozyme+ Paneth cells in Il-22-/- mice, but IL-22 administration fails to restore these parameters in Il-18-/- mice, thereby placing IL-22-Stat3 signalling upstream of the IL-18-mediated barrier defence function. IL-18 in return regulates Stat3-mediated anti-microbial response in Paneth cells, Akt-Tcf4-triggered expansion of Lgr5+ stem cells to facilitate tissue repair, and AIEC clearance by promoting IFNγ+ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Yu Chiang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Han Lu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Yu-Wen Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nien-Shin Shih
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Weng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jr-Wen Shui
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
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35
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Lin X, Gaudino SJ, Jang KK, Bahadur T, Singh A, Banerjee A, Beaupre M, Chu T, Wong HT, Kim CK, Kempen C, Axelrad J, Huang H, Khalid S, Shah V, Eskiocak O, Parks OB, Berisha A, McAleer JP, Good M, Hoshino M, Blumberg R, Bialkowska AB, Gaffen SL, Kolls JK, Yang VW, Beyaz S, Cadwell K, Kumar P. IL-17RA-signaling in Lgr5 + intestinal stem cells induces expression of transcription factor ATOH1 to promote secretory cell lineage commitment. Immunity 2022; 55:237-253.e8. [PMID: 35081371 PMCID: PMC8895883 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The Th17 cell-lineage-defining cytokine IL-17A contributes to host defense and inflammatory disease by coordinating multicellular immune responses. The IL-17 receptor (IL-17RA) is expressed by diverse intestinal cell types, and therapies targeting IL-17A induce adverse intestinal events, suggesting additional tissue-specific functions. Here, we used multiple conditional deletion models to identify a role for IL-17A in secretory epithelial cell differentiation in the gut. Paneth, tuft, goblet, and enteroendocrine cell numbers were dependent on IL-17A-mediated induction of the transcription factor ATOH1 in Lgr5+ intestinal epithelial stem cells. Although dispensable at steady state, IL-17RA signaling in ATOH1+ cells was required to regenerate secretory cells following injury. Finally, IL-17A stimulation of human-derived intestinal organoids that were locked into a cystic immature state induced ATOH1 expression and rescued secretory cell differentiation. Our data suggest that the cross talk between immune cells and stem cells regulates secretory cell lineage commitment and the integrity of the mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Stephen J Gaudino
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Kyung Ku Jang
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tej Bahadur
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Ankita Singh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Anirban Banerjee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Michael Beaupre
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Timothy Chu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Hoi Tong Wong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Chang-Kyung Kim
- Department of Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Cody Kempen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Jordan Axelrad
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Huakang Huang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Saba Khalid
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Vyom Shah
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Onur Eskiocak
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Olivia B Parks
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Medical Scientist Training Program, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Artan Berisha
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Jeremy P McAleer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Marshall University School of Pharmacy, Huntington, WV 25701, USA
| | - Misty Good
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Miko Hoshino
- Department of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Richard Blumberg
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Agnieszka B Bialkowska
- Department of Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Sarah L Gaffen
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Jay K Kolls
- Center for Translational Research in Infection and Inflammation, Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Vincent W Yang
- Department of Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Semir Beyaz
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Ken Cadwell
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
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36
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Markandey M, Bajaj A, Ilott NE, Kedia S, Travis S, Powrie F, Ahuja V. Gut microbiota: sculptors of the intestinal stem cell niche in health and inflammatory bowel disease. Gut Microbes 2022; 13:1990827. [PMID: 34747326 PMCID: PMC8583176 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1990827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal epithelium represents a dynamic and diverse cellular system that continuously interacts with gut commensals and external cues. Intestinal stem cells, which lie at the heart of epithelial renewal and turnover, proliferate to maintain a steady stem cell population and differentiate to form functional epithelial cell types. This rather sophisticated assembly-line is maintained by an elaborate micro-environment, sculpted by a myriad of host and gut microbiota-derived signals, forming an intestinal stem cell niche. This complex, yet crucial signaling niche undergoes dynamic changes during homeostasis and chronic intestinal inflammation. Inflammatory bowel disease refers to a chronic inflammatory response toward pathogenic or commensal microbiota, in a genetically susceptible host. Compositional and functional alterations in gut microbiota are pathognomonic of IBD.The present review highlights the modulatory role of gut microbiota on the intestinal stem cell niche during homeostasis and inflammatory bowel disease. We discuss the mechanisms of direct action of gut commensals (through microbiota-derived or microbiota-influenced metabolites) on ISCs, followed by their effects via other epithelial and immune cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manasvini Markandey
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Aditya Bajaj
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Saurabh Kedia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Simon Travis
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Fiona Powrie
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Vineet Ahuja
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India,CONTACT Vineet Ahuja Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, 110029
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37
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Wu WJH, Kim M, Chang LC, Assie A, Saldana-Morales FB, Zegarra-Ruiz DF, Norwood K, Samuel BS, Diehl GE. Interleukin-1β secretion induced by mucosa-associated gut commensal bacteria promotes intestinal barrier repair. Gut Microbes 2022; 14:2014772. [PMID: 34989321 PMCID: PMC8741296 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.2014772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is essential for maintenance and repair of the intestinal epithelial barrier. As shifts in both intestinal epithelial barrier function and microbiota composition are found in inflammatory bowel disease patients, it is critical to understand the role of distinct bacteria in regulating barrier repair. We identified a mouse commensal E. coli isolate, GDAR2-2, that protects mice from Citrobacter rodentium infection and dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. Colonization with GDAR2-2 in mice resulted in expansion of CX3CR1+ mononuclear phagocytes, including CX3CR1+ macrophages/dendritic cells and monocytes, along with IL-22-secreting type 3 innate lymphoid cells and improved epithelial barrier function. In vitro co-culture of macrophages with GDAR2-2 resulted in IL-1β production. In vivo, protection after GDAR2-2 colonization was lost after depletion of CX3CR1+ MNPs, or blockade of IL-1β or IL-22. We further identified human commensal E. coli isolates that similarly protect mice from C. rodentium infection through CX3CR1+ MNP and IL-1β production. Together, these findings demonstrate an unexpected role for commensal bacteria in promoting IL-1β secretion to support intestinal barrier repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Jung H. Wu
- Immunology Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Immunology Program of the Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Myunghoo Kim
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Present Address: Department of Animal Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Lin-Chun Chang
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Immunology Program of the Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adrien Assie
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fatima B. Saldana-Morales
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Immunology Program of the Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel F. Zegarra-Ruiz
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Immunology Program of the Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kendra Norwood
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Buck S. Samuel
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gretchen E. Diehl
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Immunology Program of the Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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38
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Rath E, Haller D. Intestinal epithelial cell metabolism at the interface of microbial dysbiosis and tissue injury. Mucosal Immunol 2022; 15:595-604. [PMID: 35534699 PMCID: PMC9259489 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-022-00514-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium represents the most regenerative tissue in the human body, located in proximity to the dense and functionally diverse microbial milieu of the microbiome. Episodes of tissue injury and incomplete healing of the intestinal epithelium are a prerequisite for immune reactivation and account for recurrent, chronically progressing phenotypes of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Mitochondrial dysfunction and associated changes in intestinal epithelial functions are emerging concepts in the pathogenesis of IBD, suggesting impaired metabolic flexibility of epithelial cells affects the regenerative capacity of the intestinal tissue. Next to rendering the intestinal mucosa susceptible to inflammatory triggers, metabolic reprogramming of the epithelium is implicated in shaping adverse microbial environments. In this review, we introduce the concept of "metabolic injury" as a cell autonomous mechanism of tissue wounding in response to mitochondrial perturbation. Furthermore, we highlight epithelial metabolism as intersection of microbiome, immune cells and epithelial regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Rath
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Technical University of Munich, Chair of Nutrition and Immunology, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Dirk Haller
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Technical University of Munich, Chair of Nutrition and Immunology, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany ,grid.6936.a0000000123222966Technical University of Munich, ZIEL Institute for Food & Health, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
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39
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Han H, Davidson LA, Fan YY, Landrock KK, Jayaraman A, Safe SH, Chapkin RS. Loss of aryl hydrocarbon receptor suppresses the response of colonic epithelial cells to IL22 signaling by upregulating SOCS3. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2022; 322:G93-G106. [PMID: 34755534 PMCID: PMC8714253 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00074.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
IL22 signaling plays an important role in maintaining gastrointestinal epithelial barrier function, cell proliferation, and protection of intestinal stem cells from genotoxicants. Emerging studies indicate that the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a ligand-activated transcription factor, promotes production of IL22 in gut immune cells. However, it remains to be determined if AhR signaling can also affect the responsiveness of colonic epithelial cells to IL22. Here, we show that IL22 treatment induces the phosphorylation of STAT3, inhibits colonic organoid growth, and promotes colonic cell proliferation in vivo. Notably, intestinal cell-specific AhR knockout (KO) reduces responsiveness to IL22 and compromises DNA damage response after exposure to carcinogen, in part due to the enhancement of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) expression. Deletion of SOCS3 increases levels of pSTAT3 in AhR KO organoids, and phenocopies the effects of IL22 treatment on wild-type (WT) organoid growth. In addition, pSTAT3 levels are inversely associated with increased azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium (AOM/DSS)-induced colon tumorigenesis in AhR KO mice. These findings indicate that AhR function is required for optimal IL22 signaling in colonic epithelial cells and provide rationale for targeting AhR as a means of reducing colon cancer risk.NEW & NOTEWORTHY AhR is a key transcription factor controlling expression of IL22 in gut immune cells. In this study, we show for the first time that AhR signaling also regulates IL22 response in colonic epithelial cells by modulating SOCS3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajun Han
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Laurie A Davidson
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Yang-Yi Fan
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Kerstin K Landrock
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Stephen H Safe
- Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Robert S Chapkin
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
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40
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Stenvall CGA, Tayyab M, Grönroos TJ, Ilomäki MA, Viiri K, Ridge KM, Polari L, Toivola DM. Targeted deletion of keratin 8 in intestinal epithelial cells disrupts tissue integrity and predisposes to tumorigenesis in the colon. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 79:10. [PMID: 34951664 PMCID: PMC8709826 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04081-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Keratin 8 (K8) is the main intestinal epithelial intermediate filament protein with proposed roles for colonic epithelial cell integrity. Here, we used mice lacking K8 in intestinal epithelial cells (floxed K8 and Villin-Cre1000 and Villin-CreERt2) to investigate the cell-specific roles of intestinal epithelial K8 for colonocyte function and pathologies. Intestinal epithelial K8 deletion decreased K8 partner proteins, K18-K20, 75-95%, and the remaining keratin filaments were located at the colonocyte apical regions with type II K7, which decreased 30%. 2-Deoxy-2-[18F]-fluoroglucose positron emission tomography in vivo imaging identified a metabolic phenotype in the lower gut of the conditional K8 knockouts. These mice developed intestinal barrier leakiness, mild diarrhea, and epithelial damage, especially in the proximal colon. Mice exhibited shifted differentiation from enterocytes to goblet cells, displayed longer crypts and an increased number of Ki67 + transit-amplifying cells in the colon. Significant proproliferative and regenerative signaling occurred in the IL-22, STAT3, and pRb pathways, with minor effects on inflammatory parameters, which, however, increased in aging mice. Importantly, colonocyte K8 deletion induced a dramatically increased sensitivity to azoxymethane-induced tumorigenesis. In conclusion, intestinal epithelial K8 plays a significant role in colonocyte epithelial integrity maintenance, proliferation regulation and tumor suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl-Gustaf A Stenvall
- Cell Biology, Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, BioCity, Tykistökatu 6A, N20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Mina Tayyab
- Cell Biology, Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, BioCity, Tykistökatu 6A, N20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Tove J Grönroos
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Medicity Research Laboratories, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Maria A Ilomäki
- Cell Biology, Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, BioCity, Tykistökatu 6A, N20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Keijo Viiri
- Celiac Disease Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Karen M Ridge
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lauri Polari
- Cell Biology, Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, BioCity, Tykistökatu 6A, N20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Diana M Toivola
- Cell Biology, Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, BioCity, Tykistökatu 6A, N20520, Turku, Finland.
- Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
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41
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Capdevila C, Trifas M, Miller J, Anderson T, Sims PA, Yan KS. Cellular origins and lineage relationships of the intestinal epithelium. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2021; 321:G413-G425. [PMID: 34431400 PMCID: PMC8560372 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00188.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of the development and hierarchical organization of tissues is key to understanding how they are perturbed in injury and disease, as well as how they may be therapeutically manipulated to restore homeostasis. The rapidly regenerating intestinal epithelium harbors diverse cell types and their lineage relationships have been studied using numerous approaches, from classical label-retaining and genetic lineage tracing methods to novel transcriptome-based annotations. Here, we describe the developmental trajectories that dictate differentiation and lineage specification in the intestinal epithelium. We focus on the most recent single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq)-based strategies for understanding intestinal epithelial cell lineage relationships, underscoring how they have refined our view of the development of this tissue and highlighting their advantages and limitations. We emphasize how these technologies have been applied to understand the dynamics of intestinal epithelial cells in homeostatic and injury-induced regeneration models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Capdevila
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia Center for Human Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Genetics & Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Maria Trifas
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia Center for Human Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Genetics & Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Jonathan Miller
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia Center for Human Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Genetics & Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Troy Anderson
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia Center for Human Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Genetics & Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Peter A Sims
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Kelley S Yan
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia Center for Human Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Genetics & Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
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42
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Linares R, Francés R, Gutiérrez A, Juanola O. Bacterial Translocation as Inflammatory Driver in Crohn's Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:703310. [PMID: 34557484 PMCID: PMC8452966 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.703310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract responsible for intestinal lesions. The multifactorial etiology attributed to CD includes a combination of environmental and host susceptibility factors, which result in an impaired host–microbe gut interaction. Bacterial overgrowth and dysbiosis, increased intestinal barrier permeability, and altered inflammatory responses in patients with CD have been described in the past. Those events explain the pathogenesis of luminal translocation of bacteria or its products into the blood, a frequent event in CD, which, in turn, favors a sustained inflammatory response in these patients. In this review, we navigate through the interaction between bacterial antigen translocation, permeability of the intestinal barrier, immunologic response of the host, and genetic predisposition as a combined effect on the inflammatory response observed in CD. Several lines of evidence support that translocation of bacterial products leads to uncontrolled inflammation in CD patients, and as a matter of fact, the presence of gut bacterial genomic fragments at a systemic level constitutes a marker for increased risk of relapse among CD patients. Also, the significant percentage of CD patients who lose response to biologic therapies may be influenced by the translocation of bacterial products, which are well-known drivers of proinflammatory cytokine production by host immune cells. Further mechanistic studies evaluating cellular and humoral immune responses, gut microbiota alterations, and genetic predisposition will help clinicians to better control and personalize the management of CD patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Linares
- Hepatic and Intestinal Immunobiology Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Miguel Hernández University, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Rubén Francés
- Hepatic and Intestinal Immunobiology Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Miguel Hernández University, San Juan de Alicante, Spain.,CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto ISABIAL, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Ana Gutiérrez
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto ISABIAL, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, Spain.,Servicio de Medicina Digestiva, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Oriol Juanola
- Translational Research Laboratory, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland.,Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Universitá della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
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43
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Li Q, Zhang W, Xiao E. SOD2 overexpression in bone marrow‑derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorates hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:671. [PMID: 34296303 PMCID: PMC8335722 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury (HIRI) is a complex pathophysiological process that may develop after liver transplantation and resection surgery, as well as in uncontrolled clinical conditions. Bone marrow‑derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM‑MSCs) are potential targets for liver diseases. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) overexpression in BM‑MSCs on HIRI by constructing a HIRI rat model. The adenoviral vector containing SOD2 and the corresponding control vector were designed and constructed, and SOD2‑overexpressing BM‑MSCs were injected into the tail vein of the rats. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, as well as pathological changes and the remnant liver regeneration rate were determined. The activities of SOD and glutathione peroxidase (GSH‑Px), and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were measured. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were determined with 2',7'‑-dichlorofluorescein diacetate and measured via fluorescence microscopy. Cell apoptosis was assessed using TUNEL staining. Moreover, the expression levels of Bax, Bcl‑2 and caspase‑3 were detected via western blotting. SOD2‑overexpressing BM‑MSCs significantly reduced the elevation of serum AST and ALT levels. Furthermore, SOD2‑overexpressing BM‑MSCs enhanced SOD and GSH‑Px activities, and suppressed the production of MDA and ROS. Histopathological findings revealed that SOD2‑overexpressing BM‑MSCs decreased the number of TUNEL‑positive cells in the liver. It was also found that SOD2‑overexpressing BM‑MSCs promoted Bcl‑2 expression, but inhibited Bax and caspase‑3 expression in HIRI. Collectively, these findings suggest that SOD2‑overexpressing BM‑MSCs may provide therapeutic support in HIRI by inhibiting oxidative stress and hepatocyte apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyun Li
- Department of Radiology, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410007, P.R. China
| | - Enhua Xiao
- Department of Radiology, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
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Duan Z, Liu M, Yuan L, Du X, Wu M, Yang Y, Wang L, Zhou K, Yang M, Zou Y, Xiang Y, Qu X, Liu H, Qin X, Liu C. Innate lymphoid cells are double-edged swords under the mucosal barrier. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:8579-8587. [PMID: 34378306 PMCID: PMC8435454 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
As the direct contacting site for pathogens and allergens, the mucosal barrier plays a vital role in the lungs and intestines. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are particularly resident in the mucosal barrier and participate in several pathophysiological processes, such as maintaining or disrupting barrier integrity, preventing various pathogenic invasions. In the pulmonary mucosae, ILCs sometimes aggravate inflammation and mucus hypersecretion but restore airway epithelial integrity and maintain lung tissue homeostasis at other times. In the intestinal mucosae, ILCs can increase epithelial permeability, leading to severe intestinal inflammation on the one hand, and assist mucosal barrier in resisting bacterial invasion on the other hand. In this review, we will illustrate the positive and negative roles of ILCs in mucosal barrier immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Duan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mandie Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xizi Du
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mengping Wu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Leyuan Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kai Zhou
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Disease, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Yizhou Zou
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangping Qu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huijun Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoqun Qin
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chi Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China.,China-Africa Infectious Diseases Research Center, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
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45
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Neyazi M, Bharadwaj SS, Bullers S, Varenyiova Z, Travis S, Arancibia-Cárcamo CV, Powrie F, Geremia A. Overexpression of Cancer-Associated Stem Cell Gene OLFM4 in the Colonic Epithelium of Patients With Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2021; 27:1316-1327. [PMID: 33570127 PMCID: PMC8314119 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izab025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To examine immune-epithelial interactions and their impact on epithelial transformation in primary sclerosing cholangitis-associated ulcerative colitis (PSC-UC) using patient-derived colonic epithelial organoid cultures (EpOCs). METHODS The EpOCs were originated from colonic biopsies from patients with PSC-UC (n = 12), patients with UC (n = 14), and control patients (n = 10) and stimulated with cytokines previously associated with intestinal inflammation (interferon (IFN) γ and interleukin (IL)-22). Markers of cytokine downstream pathways, stemness, and pluripotency were analyzed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence. The OLFM4 expression in situ was assessed by RNAscope and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS A distinct expression of stem cell-associated genes was observed in EpOCs derived from patients with PSC-UC, with lower expression of the classical stem-cell marker LGR5 and overexpression of OLFM4, previously associated with pluripotency and early stages of neoplastic transformation in the gastrointestinal and biliary tracts. High levels of OLFM4 were also found ex vivo in colonic biopsies from patients with PSC-UC. In addition, IFNγ stimulation resulted in the downregulation of LGR5 in EpOCs, whereas higher expression of OLFM4 was observed after IL-22 stimulation. Interestingly, expression of the IL-22 receptor, IL22RA1, was induced by IFNγ, suggesting that a complex interplay between these cytokines may contribute to carcinogenesis in PSC-UC. CONCLUSIONS Higher expression of OLFM4, a cancer stemness gene induced by IL-22, is present in PSC-UC, suggesting that IL-22 responses may result in alterations of the intestinal stem-cell niche in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mastura Neyazi
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Experimental Medicine Division, and National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals National Health Services Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sraddha S Bharadwaj
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Experimental Medicine Division, and National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals National Health Services Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Samuel Bullers
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Zofia Varenyiova
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Experimental Medicine Division, and National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals National Health Services Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Oxford IBD Cohort Study Investigators
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Experimental Medicine Division, and National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals National Health Services Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Simon Travis
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Experimental Medicine Division, and National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals National Health Services Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Carolina V Arancibia-Cárcamo
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Experimental Medicine Division, and National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals National Health Services Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Fiona Powrie
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alessandra Geremia
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Experimental Medicine Division, and National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals National Health Services Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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46
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Mihi B, Gong Q, Nolan LS, Gale SE, Goree M, Hu E, Lanik WE, Rimer JM, Liu V, Parks OB, Lewis AN, Agrawal P, Laury ML, Kumar P, Huang E, Bidani SS, Luke CJ, Kolls JK, Good M. Interleukin-22 signaling attenuates necrotizing enterocolitis by promoting epithelial cell regeneration. Cell Rep Med 2021; 2:100320. [PMID: 34195684 PMCID: PMC8233697 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a deadly intestinal inflammatory disorder that primarily affects premature infants and lacks adequate therapeutics. Interleukin (IL)-22 plays a critical role in gut barrier maintenance, promoting epithelial regeneration, and controlling intestinal inflammation in adult animal models. However, the importance of IL-22 signaling in neonates during NEC remains unknown. We investigated the role of IL-22 in the neonatal intestine under homeostatic and inflammatory conditions by using a mouse model of NEC. Our data reveal that Il22 expression in neonatal murine intestine is negligible until weaning, and both human and murine neonates lack IL-22 production during NEC. Mice deficient in IL-22 or lacking the IL-22 receptor in the intestine display a similar susceptibility to NEC, consistent with the lack of endogenous IL-22 during development. Strikingly, treatment with recombinant IL-22 during NEC substantially reduces inflammation and enhances epithelial regeneration. These findings may provide a new therapeutic strategy to attenuate NEC.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Chemokine CXCL1/genetics
- Chemokine CXCL1/immunology
- Chemokine CXCL2/genetics
- Chemokine CXCL2/immunology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Enterocolitis, Necrotizing/drug therapy
- Enterocolitis, Necrotizing/immunology
- Enterocolitis, Necrotizing/microbiology
- Enterocolitis, Necrotizing/pathology
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome/immunology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
- Humans
- Infant, Newborn
- Infant, Newborn, Diseases/immunology
- Infant, Newborn, Diseases/microbiology
- Infant, Newborn, Diseases/pathology
- Infant, Premature
- Interleukin-1beta/genetics
- Interleukin-1beta/immunology
- Interleukins/genetics
- Interleukins/immunology
- Intestinal Mucosa/immunology
- Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism
- Intestinal Mucosa/microbiology
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Protein Isoforms/genetics
- Protein Isoforms/immunology
- Receptors, Interleukin/genetics
- Receptors, Interleukin/immunology
- Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology
- Regeneration/genetics
- Regeneration/immunology
- Signal Transduction
- Weaning
- Interleukin-22
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Affiliation(s)
- Belgacem Mihi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Qingqing Gong
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Lila S. Nolan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Sarah E. Gale
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Martin Goree
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Elise Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Wyatt E. Lanik
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jamie M. Rimer
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Victoria Liu
- Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Olivia B. Parks
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Angela N. Lewis
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Pranjal Agrawal
- Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Marie L. Laury
- Genome Technology Access Center, McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Shay S. Bidani
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Cliff J. Luke
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jay K. Kolls
- Center for Translational Research in Infection and Inflammation, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Misty Good
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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Hollingsworth BA, Cassatt DR, DiCarlo AL, Rios CI, Satyamitra MM, Winters TA, Taliaferro LP. Acute Radiation Syndrome and the Microbiome: Impact and Review. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:643283. [PMID: 34084131 PMCID: PMC8167050 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.643283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Study of the human microbiota has been a centuries-long endeavor, but since the inception of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Human Microbiome Project in 2007, research has greatly expanded, including the space involving radiation injury. As acute radiation syndrome (ARS) is multisystemic, the microbiome niches across all areas of the body may be affected. This review highlights advances in radiation research examining the effect of irradiation on the microbiome and its potential use as a target for medical countermeasures or biodosimetry approaches, or as a medical countermeasure itself. The authors also address animal model considerations for designing studies, and the potential to use the microbiome as a biomarker to assess radiation exposure and predict outcome. Recent research has shown that the microbiome holds enormous potential for mitigation of radiation injury, in the context of both radiotherapy and radiological/nuclear public health emergencies. Gaps still exist, but the field is moving forward with much promise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brynn A Hollingsworth
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, United States
| | - David R Cassatt
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Andrea L DiCarlo
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Carmen I Rios
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Merriline M Satyamitra
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Thomas A Winters
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Lanyn P Taliaferro
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, United States
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48
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IL-17-producing γδT cells ameliorate intestinal acute graft-versus-host disease by recruitment of Gr-1 +CD11b + myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Bone Marrow Transplant 2021; 56:2389-2399. [PMID: 33986497 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-021-01299-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) is the most severe complication and the major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients who have received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Inflammation mediated by donor T cells and neighboring recipient cells is considered to be responsible for intestinal aGVHD. Interleukin (IL)-17A-producing γδT (γδT17) cells have been investigated as key players in cancer, immunity, and inflammatory responses because of their phenotypic plasticity, memory-like activity, and unique migratory features. However, the precise roles and underlying mechanisms of γδT17 cells in aGVHD immunopathogenesis remain elusive. Here, we found that γδT17 cells constituted the major resident γδT population in the intestinal lamina propria of aGVHD mice. Adoptive infusion of induced γδT17 cells markedly attenuated murine aGVHD and increased infiltration of Gr-1+CD11b+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) into the inflammatory intestine, and did not affect graft-versus-leukemia(GVL) effect. Further experiments indicated that γδT17 cells enhanced both migration ability and immunosuppressive activity of MDSCs. γδT17 cell-mediated protection in aGVHD was blunted by depletion of IL-17A or MDSCs. Our study clarifies an immune pathway where γδT17 cells play a protective role in murine aGVHD by recruiting MDSCs to the inflammatory intestine.
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Patnaude L, Mayo M, Mario R, Wu X, Knight H, Creamer K, Wilson S, Pivorunas V, Karman J, Phillips L, Dunstan R, Kamath RV, McRae B, Terrillon S. Mechanisms and regulation of IL-22-mediated intestinal epithelial homeostasis and repair. Life Sci 2021; 271:119195. [PMID: 33581125 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, collectively known as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), are chronic inflammatory disorders of the intestine for which key elements in disease initiation and perpetuation are defects in epithelial barrier integrity. Achieving mucosal healing is essential to ameliorate disease outcome and so new therapies leading to epithelial homeostasis and repair are under investigation. This study was designed to determine the mechanisms by which IL-22 regulates intestinal epithelial cell function. MAIN METHODS Human intestinal organoids and resections, as well as mice were used to evaluate the effect of IL-22 on stem cell expansion, proliferation and expression of mucus components. IL-22 effect on barrier function was assessed in polarized T-84 cell monolayers. Butyrate co-treatments and organoid co-cultures with immune cells were performed to monitor the impact of microbial-derived metabolites and inflammatory environments on IL-22 responses. KEY FINDINGS IL-22 led to epithelial stem cell expansion, proliferation, barrier dysfunction and anti-microbial peptide production in human and mouse models evaluated. IL-22 also altered the mucus layer by inducing an increase in membrane mucus but a decrease in secreted mucus and goblet cell content. IL-22 had the same effect on anti-microbial peptides and membrane mucus in both healthy and IBD human samples. In contrast, this IL-22-associated epithelial phenotype was different when treatments were performed in presence of butyrate and organoids co-cultured with immune cells. SIGNIFICANCE Our data indicate that IL-22 promotes epithelial regeneration, innate defense and membrane mucus production, strongly supporting the potential clinical utility of IL-22 as a mucosal healing therapy in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori Patnaude
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 100 Research Drive, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Martha Mayo
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 100 Research Drive, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Regina Mario
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 100 Research Drive, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Xiaoming Wu
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 100 Research Drive, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Heather Knight
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 100 Research Drive, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Kelly Creamer
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 100 Research Drive, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Sarah Wilson
- Abbvie, Cambridge Research Center, 200 Sidney Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Valerie Pivorunas
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 100 Research Drive, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Jozsef Karman
- Abbvie, Cambridge Research Center, 200 Sidney Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Lucy Phillips
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 100 Research Drive, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Robert Dunstan
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 100 Research Drive, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Rajesh V Kamath
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 100 Research Drive, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Bradford McRae
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 100 Research Drive, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Sonia Terrillon
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 100 Research Drive, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
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Gaudino SJ, Beaupre M, Lin X, Joshi P, Rathi S, McLaughlin PA, Kempen C, Mehta N, Eskiocak O, Yueh B, Blumberg RS, van der Velden AWM, Shroyer KR, Bialkowska AB, Beyaz S, Kumar P. IL-22 receptor signaling in Paneth cells is critical for their maturation, microbiota colonization, Th17-related immune responses, and anti-Salmonella immunity. Mucosal Immunol 2021; 14:389-401. [PMID: 33060802 PMCID: PMC7946635 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-020-00348-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-22 (IL-22) signaling in the intestines is critical for promoting tissue-protective functions. However, since a diverse array of cell types (absorptive and secretory epithelium as well as stem cells) express IL-22Ra1, a receptor for IL-22, it has been difficult to determine what cell type(s) specifically respond to IL-22 to mediate intestinal mucosal host defense. Here, we report that IL-22 signaling in the small intestine is positively correlated with Paneth cell differentiation programs. Our Il22Ra1fl/fl;Lgr5-EGFP-creERT2-specific knockout mice and, independently, our lineage-tracing findings rule out the involvement of Lgr5+ intestinal stem cell (ISC)-dependent IL-22Ra1 signaling in regulating the lineage commitment of epithelial cells, including Paneth cells. Using novel Paneth cell-specific IL-22Ra1 knockout mice (Il22Ra1fl/fl;Defa6-cre), we show that IL-22 signaling in Paneth cells is required for small intestinal host defense. We show that Paneth cell maturation, antimicrobial effector function, expression of specific WNTs, and organoid morphogenesis are dependent on cell-intrinsic IL-22Ra1 signaling. Furthermore, IL-22 signaling in Paneth cells regulates the intestinal commensal bacteria and microbiota-dependent IL-17A immune responses. Finally, we show ISC and, independently, Paneth cell-specific IL-22Ra1 signaling are critical for providing immunity against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Collectively, our findings illustrate a previously unknown role of IL-22 in Paneth cell-mediated small intestinal host defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Gaudino
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Michael Beaupre
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Xun Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Preet Joshi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Sonika Rathi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Patrick A McLaughlin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Cody Kempen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Neil Mehta
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Onur Eskiocak
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
| | - Brian Yueh
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
| | - Richard S Blumberg
- Department of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Adrianus W M van der Velden
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Kenneth R Shroyer
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Agnieszka B Bialkowska
- Department of Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Semir Beyaz
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
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