1
|
Qin JJ, Zhu H, Song ZW, Hou XJ, Wang XM, Wang L, Li JX. A randomized double-blind clinical trial: Comparison of oclacitinib with a traditional Chinese herbal medicine product (Dihuang Guiqin capsule) in the treatment of canine atopic dermatitis. Res Vet Sci 2024; 171:105221. [PMID: 38490043 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Canine atopic dermatitis (cAD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease, which seriously affects the quality of life for both dogs and their owners. Currently, the common therapeutic drugs in the clinic have disadvantages such as obvious adverse effects and high prices. Traditional Chinese herbal medicine (TCHM) has great potential for the treatment of cAD. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of different doses of the TCHM product (Dihuang Guiqin capsule) and oclacitinib in the treatment of cAD through a randomized, double-blind trial. Sixty dogs diagnosed with AD were randomly and evenly divided into four groups (n = 15). The TCHM treatment group consisted of three subgroups that received three different oral doses (20, 40, and 60 mg/kg BW), while the control group received 0.5 mg/kg BW of oclacitinib. Each group was administered twice daily for 14 consecutive days. The results showed that both TCHM and oclacitinib significantly improved cAD-induced itching (evaluated by pVAS) and skin lesions (evaluated by CADESI-04), while interleukin 31 (IL-31) concentrations decreased significantly (P < 0.05) and serum biochemical indicators returned to normal. In particular, The therapeutic effects of TCHM medium- and high-dose groups were similar to those of oclacitinib (P > 0.05). The preliminary recommended dose of Dihuang Guiqin capsule for the treatment of cAD has been determined to be 40-60 mg/kg BW twice daily for 14 consecutive days, which can be reduced to once daily as appropriate. Dihuang Guiqin capsule was safe and well tolerated, which may be a new option for the treatment of cAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jie Qin
- College of Veterinary Medicine/Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China; Beijing Centre Biology Co., Ltd., Beijing 102600, PR China
| | - Hao Zhu
- Beijing Centre Biology Co., Ltd., Beijing 102600, PR China
| | - Zhe-Wen Song
- Beijing Centre Biology Co., Ltd., Beijing 102600, PR China
| | - Xiao-Jiao Hou
- Beijing Centre Biology Co., Ltd., Beijing 102600, PR China
| | - Xiu-Min Wang
- Beijing Centre Biology Co., Ltd., Beijing 102600, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Jian-Xi Li
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang YJ, Kim MJ, Yang JH, Heo JW, Kim HH, Kim WH, Kim GS, Lee HJ, Kim YW, Kim KY, Park KI. Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Sophora flavescens Aiton and Protective Effects against Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury and Oxidative Stress in Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:541. [PMID: 38790646 PMCID: PMC11117756 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the hepatoprotective effects of an ethanol extract of Sophora flavescens Aiton (ESF) on an alcohol-induced liver disease mouse model. Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) was caused by the administration of ethanol to male C57/BL6 mice who were given a Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet, including ethanol. The alcoholic fatty liver disease mice were orally administered ESF (100 and 200 mg/kg bw/day) or silymarin (50 mg/kg bw/day), which served as a positive control every day for 16 days. The findings suggest that ESF enhances hepatoprotective benefits by significantly decreasing serum levels of aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT), markers for liver injury. Furthermore, ESF alleviated the accumulation of triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC), increased serum levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH), and improved serum alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity in the alcoholic fatty liver disease mice model. Cells and organisms rely on the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1- Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Keap1-Nrf2) system as a critical defensive mechanism in response to oxidative stress. Therefore, Nrf2 plays an important role in ALD antioxidant responses, and its level is decreased by increased reactive oxidation stress (ROS) in the liver. ESF increased Nrf2, which was decreased in ethanol-damaged livers. Additionally, four polyphenol compounds were identified through a qualitative analysis of the ESF using LC-MS/MS. This study confirmed ESF's antioxidative and hangover-elimination effects and suggested the possibility of using Sophora flavescens Aiton (SF) to treat ALD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Jin Yang
- Departments of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.Y.); (M.J.K.); (J.W.H.); (H.H.K.); (W.H.K.); (G.S.K.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Departments of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.Y.); (M.J.K.); (J.W.H.); (H.H.K.); (W.H.K.); (G.S.K.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Ju-Hye Yang
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ji Woong Heo
- Departments of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.Y.); (M.J.K.); (J.W.H.); (H.H.K.); (W.H.K.); (G.S.K.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Hun Hwan Kim
- Departments of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.Y.); (M.J.K.); (J.W.H.); (H.H.K.); (W.H.K.); (G.S.K.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Woo H. Kim
- Departments of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.Y.); (M.J.K.); (J.W.H.); (H.H.K.); (W.H.K.); (G.S.K.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Gon Sup Kim
- Departments of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.Y.); (M.J.K.); (J.W.H.); (H.H.K.); (W.H.K.); (G.S.K.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Hu-Jang Lee
- Departments of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.Y.); (M.J.K.); (J.W.H.); (H.H.K.); (W.H.K.); (G.S.K.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Young Woo Kim
- School of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kwang Youn Kim
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kwang Il Park
- Departments of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.Y.); (M.J.K.); (J.W.H.); (H.H.K.); (W.H.K.); (G.S.K.); (H.-J.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lin CF, Lin MH, Hung CF, Alshetaili A, Tsai YF, Jhong CL, Fang JY. The anti-inflammatory activity of flavonoids and alkaloids from Sophora flavescens alleviates psoriasiform lesions: Prenylation and methoxylation beneficially enhance bioactivity and skin targeting. Phytother Res 2024; 38:1951-1970. [PMID: 38358770 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The herb Sophora flavescens displays anti-inflammatory activity and can provide a source of antipsoriatic medications. We aimed to evaluate whether S. flavescens extracts and compounds can relieve psoriasiform inflammation. The ability of flavonoids (maackiain, sophoraflavanone G, leachianone A) and alkaloids (matrine, oxymatrine) isolated from S. flavescens to inhibit production of cytokine/chemokines was examined in keratinocytes and macrophages. Physicochemical properties and skin absorption were determined by in silico molecular modeling and the in vitro permeation test (IVPT) to establish the structure-permeation relationship (SPR). The ethyl acetate extract exhibited higher inhibition of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and CXCL1 production in tumor necrosis factor-α-stimulated keratinocytes compared to the ethanol and water extracts. The flavonoids demonstrated higher cytokine/chemokine inhibition than alkaloids, with the prenylated flavanones (sophoraflavanone G, leachianone A) led to the highest suppression. Flavonoids exerted anti-inflammatory effects via the extracellular signal-regulated kinase, p38, activator protein-1, and nuclear factor-κB signaling pathways. In the IVPT, prenylation of the flavanone skeleton significantly promoted skin absorption from 0.01 to 0.22 nmol/mg (sophoraflavanone G vs. eriodictyol). Further methoxylation of a prenylated flavanone (leachianone A) elevated skin absorption to 2.65 nmol/mg. Topical leachianone A reduced the epidermal thickness in IMQ-treated mice by 47%, and inhibited cutaneous scaling and cytokine/chemokine overexpression at comparable levels to a commercial betamethasone product. Thus, prenylation and methoxylation of S. flavescens flavanones may enable the design of novel antipsoriatic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chwan-Fwu Lin
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Lin
- Department of Dermatology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Feng Hung
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- PhD Program in Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Abdullah Alshetaili
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yung-Fong Tsai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Cai-Ling Jhong
- Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jia-You Fang
- Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jang S, Kim HI, Jung JW, Boo M, Sung SH, Park J, Kim S. Bee venom acupuncture and herbal medicine for hand eczema: Two case reports and an in vivo study. Explore (NY) 2024; 20:102994. [PMID: 38637265 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Eczema and contact dermatitis are relatively common, non-life-threatening disease, but can reduce the patient's quality-of-life when it becomes chronic. This study describes two cases of bee venom acupuncture (BVA) and herbal medicine (San Wu Huangqin decoction; SWH) co-treatment for hand eczema and contact dermatitis, then confirms the effect of the combination therapy in an in vivo model of eczema. CASE PRESENTATION A 56-year-old female (case 1) and a 33-year-old male (case 2) presented to the clinic with symptoms of itching and erythema (case 1), and scaliness (case 2) on both hands. Both were diagnosed with hand eczema and contact dermatitis based on examination of the erythema and scaliness. They were treated with BVA and SWH for three months. The lesions were healed and had not recurred after 1 and 3 years of follow-up. A mouse study was conducted by repeated application of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) to induce eczema-like contact dermatitis in Balb/c mice. In a DNCB-induced eczema-like contact dermatitis model, BVA and SWH co-administration synergistically improved clinical symptoms seen in eczema. Also, they improved histological changes of the skin, suppressed immune cell infiltration, and decreased inflammatory cytokines and immunoglobulin E in the serum. CONCLUSION This study suggests BVA and SWH could be an alternative treatment for eczema and contact dermatitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soobin Jang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Gyeongsan, 38054, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo In Kim
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jae Woo Jung
- Wonjae Korean Medical Clinic, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Chilgok, 39895, Republic of Korea
| | - Mina Boo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hyun Sung
- Department of Korean Medicine Policy, National Development Institute of Korean Medicine, Seoul, 04516, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinbong Park
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sungha Kim
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xu Y, Wang X, Sa K, Li H, Chen L. Alkaloids from the roots of Sophora flavescens and their anti-tumor activity. Fitoterapia 2023; 171:105685. [PMID: 37743030 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Sophora flavescens belongs to Sophora genus of Leguminosae. Its roots are used as a traditional Chinese medicine. In our study on Sophora flavescens roots, 3 new and 19 known alkaloids have been found, including 8 aloperine-type and 14 matrine-type alkaloids. The planar configurations of these compounds were determined by the spectral data, and the absolute configurations of new compounds 1, 2 and 4 were determined by pyridine solvent effect, ECD and snatzke methods, respectively. All compounds were tested for their inhibitory activity on MCF-7 cell growth, and compound 12 exhibited certain inhibitory effects on the growth of MCF-7 cells after 24 h of treatment at a concentration of 20 μM, with inhibition rates of 31.28%. Through target screening and molecular docking, human Rho GTPase activating protein 5 variant and human arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase (12S-type) might be important targets for compound 12 to exert anti-tumor activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiuli Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Kuiru Sa
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Hua Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Institute of Structural Pharmacology & TCM Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Lixia Chen
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cely-Veloza W, Kato MJ, Coy-Barrera E. Quinolizidine-Type Alkaloids: Chemodiversity, Occurrence, and Bioactivity. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:27862-27893. [PMID: 37576649 PMCID: PMC10413377 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Quinolizidine alkaloids (QAs) are nitrogen-containing compounds produced naturally as specialized metabolites distributed in plants and animals (e.g., frogs, sponges). The present review compiles the available information on the chemical diversity and biological activity of QAs reported during the last three decades. So far, 397 QAs have been isolated, gathering 20 different representative classes, including the most common such as matrine (13.6%), lupanine (9.8%), anagyrine (4.0%), sparteine (5.3%), cytisine (6.5%), tetrahydrocytisine (4.3%), lupinine (12.1%), macrocyclic bisquinolizidine (9.3%), biphenylquinolizidine lactone (7.1%), dimeric (7.1%), and other less known QAs (20.9%), which include several structural patterns of QAs. A detailed survey of the reported information about the bioactivities of these compounds indicated their potential as cytotoxic, antiviral, antimicrobial, insecticidal, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, and antiacetylcholinesterase compounds, involving favorable putative drug-likeness scores. In this regard, research progress on the structural and biological/pharmacological diversity of QAs requires further studies oriented on expanding the chemical space to find bioactive scaffolds based on QAs for pharmacological and agrochemical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Willy Cely-Veloza
- Bioorganic
Chemistry Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Campus Nueva Granada, Cajicá 250247, Colombia
| | - Massuo J. Kato
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Ericsson Coy-Barrera
- Bioorganic
Chemistry Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Campus Nueva Granada, Cajicá 250247, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lin Y, Chen XJ, He L, Yan XL, Li QR, Zhang X, He MH, Chang S, Tu B, Long QD, Zeng Z. Systematic elucidation of the bioactive alkaloids and potential mechanism from Sophora flavescens for the treatment of eczema via network pharmacology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 301:115799. [PMID: 36216196 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY RELEVANCE Sophora flavescens is a frequently used traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the treatment of skin disorders, diarrhea, vaginal itching and inflammatory diseases. In particular, the root of S. flavescens combination with other herbs mainly treat eczema ailment in the clinical applications. However, a holistic network pharmacology approach to understanding the mechanism by which alkaloids in S. flavescens treat eczema has not been pursued. AIM OF THE STUDY To examine the network pharmacological potential effect of S. flavescens on eczema, we studied the alkaloids, performed protein targets prediction and investigated interacting signal pathways. Furthermore, animal experiment was carried out to evaluate its efficacy and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reactions (RT-qPCR) analysis was explored the mechanism of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS The detail information on alkaloids from S. flavescens were obtained from a handful of public databases on the basis of oral bioavailability (OB ≥ 30%) and drug-likeness (DL ≥ 0.18). Then, correlations between compounds and protein targets were linked using the STRING database, and targets associated with eczema were gathered by the GeneCards database. Human genes were identified and subjected to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis and Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis. Particularly, matrine, the crucial alkaloid from S. flavescens, was estimated using a 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced eczema Kunming (KM) mice model, administered (50 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg) to mice for 22 days. On the last day, the activities of serum tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-4 (IL-4) and histopathologic examinations were determined. For further to elucidate the mechanisms, the mRNA levels of TNF-α, STAT3, TP53, AKT1, IL-6, JUN and EGFR in dorsal skin tissues were also tested. RESULTS Network analysis collected and identified 35 alkaloids from S. flavescens. Among them, in total 10 dominating alkaloids, including matrine, oxymatrine, sophoridine, sophocarpine, oxysophocarpine, allomatrine, sophoramine, anagyrine, cytisine and N-methylcytisine. And 71 related targets were provided of alkaloids for the treatment of eczema from S. flavescens. Furthermore, matrine dose-dependently (50 or 10 mg/kg, 22 days, apply to dorsal skin) remarkable decreased the serum levels of TNF-α and IL-4, and significantly alleviated the skin lesions. The effects of 50 mg/kg of matrine were almost identical to those of 200 mg/kg of the positive drug dexamethasone (DXM). The further RT-qPCR analyses could reveal that matrine down-regulate TNF-α, STAT3 and TP53 at transcriptional level in dorsal skin tissues. CONCLUSION Pharmacological network analysis can utilize to illuminate the pharmacodynamic substances and the potential molecular mechanism of S. flavescens for treating eczema. Matrine, as the crucial alkaloid from S. flavescens, could be a promising drug candidate for the treatment of eczema ailment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, Engineering Research Center of Cellular Immunotherapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, 550025, China; Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xing-Jun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, Engineering Research Center of Cellular Immunotherapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, 550025, China; Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Lei He
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, Engineering Research Center of Cellular Immunotherapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, 550025, China; Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xue-Long Yan
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, Engineering Research Center of Cellular Immunotherapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, 550025, China; Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Qi-Rui Li
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, Engineering Research Center of Cellular Immunotherapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, 550025, China; Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, Engineering Research Center of Cellular Immunotherapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, 550025, China; Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Ming-Hui He
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, Engineering Research Center of Cellular Immunotherapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, 550025, China; Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Shuai Chang
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, Engineering Research Center of Cellular Immunotherapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, 550025, China; Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Bo Tu
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, Engineering Research Center of Cellular Immunotherapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, 550025, China; Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Qing-De Long
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, Engineering Research Center of Cellular Immunotherapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, 550025, China; Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Zhu Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, Engineering Research Center of Cellular Immunotherapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guizhou, 550025, China; Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sun P, Zhao W, Wang Q, Chen L, Sun K, Zhan Z, Wang J. Chemical diversity, biological activities and Traditional uses of and important Chinese herb Sophora. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 100:154054. [PMID: 35358931 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sophora flavescens Aiton (SF), also known as Kushen (Chinese:), has been an important species in Chinese medicine since the Qin and Han dynasties. It is also recognized as a plant resource suitable for the globalization of Chinese medicine. Traditionally, it has been used in various ethnic medical systems in East Asia, especially in China, to kill insects and dispel dampness. Sophora flavescens is commonly used for clearing heat-clearing, killing worms, and diuretic. Nowdays, accumulating studies demonstrated its anticancer and cardioprotection. OBJECTIVE OF THE REVIEW This paper aims to systematically review information on the genus, pharmacological and toxicological significance, chemical composition and biological activity of Sophora flavescens. To promoting its development and application. To summarize recent findings regarding to the metabolism, pharmacological/toxicological effects of Sophora flavescens. MATERIAL AND METHODS Online academic databases (including PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science and CNKI) were searched using search terms of "Sophora flavescens Aiton", "Ku shen", "Pharmacology", "Active ingredient", "Toxicology" and combinations to include published studies of Sophora flavescens Aiton primarily from 1970-2021. Several critical previous studies beyond this period were also included and other related terms. CONCLUSION Sophora flavescens has a broad spectrum of biological activities associated with Sophora flavescens has been considered a valuable resource in both traditional and modern medicine. However, there is a lack of in-depth studies on the medicinal uses of Sophora flavescens. Moreover, further studies on single chemical components should be conducted based on the diversity of chemical structures, significant biological activities and clinical applications. The discovery of its bioactive molecules and multi-component interactions would be of great importance for the clinical application of Sophora flavescens spp. Detailed pharmacological and toxicological studies on the classic prescriptions of Sophora flavescens are also needed. It is more beneficial to the wide application of SF plant and facilitates the worldwide promotion of modern Chinese medicine. However, an increasing number of reports indicate that the administration of Sophora flavescens has serious adverse effects. Its main toxic effects are neurotoxicity and acute toxicity, which have caused widespread concern worldwide. In addition, the alkaloids of Sophora flavescens are distributed in the heart, liver, stomach and large intestine. They are excreted from the body through gluconeogenesis, which is the mode of action of certain therapeutic mechanisms of action such as anticancer. The detailed metabolic study of alkaloids and other components of Sophora flavescens in vivo needs to be further investigated. It is important to improve the pharmacological effects and reduce the toxicity of Sophora flavescens. For this purpose, structural modification of active components of Sophora flavescens or combination with other drugs is very essential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Sun
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan,250355, China
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan,250355, China
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Lele Chen
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan,250355, China
| | - Kunkun Sun
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan,250355, China
| | - Zhaoshuang Zhan
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan,250355, China;.
| | - Jiafeng Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan,250355, China;.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
TRPM7 Ion Channel: Oncogenic Roles and Therapeutic Potential in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13246322. [PMID: 34944940 PMCID: PMC8699295 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignant tumor and the second leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. The risk of developing breast cancer is 12.8%, i.e., 1 in 8 people, and a woman’s risk of dying is approximately 1 in 39. Calcium signals play an important role in various cancers and transport calcium ions may have altered expression in breast cancer, such as the TRPM7 calcium permeant ion channel, where overexpression may be associated with a poor prognosis. This review focuses on the TRPM7 channel, and the oncogenic roles studied so far in breast cancer. The TRPM7 ion channel is suggested as a potential and prospective target in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. Abstract The transient receptor potential melastatin-subfamily member 7 (TRPM7) is a divalent cations permeant channel but also has intrinsic serine/threonine kinase activity. It is ubiquitously expressed in normal tissues and studies have indicated that it participates in important physiological and pharmacological processes through its channel-kinase activity, such as calcium/magnesium homeostasis, phosphorylation of proteins involved in embryogenesis or the cellular process. Accumulating evidence has shown that TRPM7 is overexpressed in human pathologies including breast cancer. Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in women with an incidence rate increase of around 0.5% per year since 2004. The overexpression of TRPM7 may be associated with a poor prognosis in breast cancer patients, so more efforts are needed to research a new therapeutic target. TRPM7 regulates the levels of Ca2+, which can alter the signaling pathways involved in survival, cell cycle progression, proliferation, growth, migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and thus determines cell behavior, promoting tumor development. This work provides a complete overview of the TRPM7 ion channel and its main involvements in breast cancer. Special consideration is given to the modulation of the channel as a potential target in breast cancer treatment by inhibition of proliferation, migration and invasion. Taken together, these data suggest the potential exploitation of TRPM7 channel-kinase as a therapeutic target and a diagnostic biomarker.
Collapse
|
10
|
Ri MH, Ma J, Jin X. Development of natural products for anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy against cancer. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 281:114370. [PMID: 34214644 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) immune checkpoint is one of the most promising therapeutic targets for cancer immunotherapy, but several challenges remain in current anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy. Natural products, mainly derived from traditional medicine, could improve and expand anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy because of their advantages such as large diversity and multi-target effects. AIM OF THE STUDY This review summarize natural products, raw extracts, and traditional medicines with pharmacological effects associated with the PD-1/PD-L1 axis, particularly PD-L1. MATERIALS AND METHODS Electronic literature databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, and ScienceDirect, and online drugs and chemicals databases, including DrugBank, ZINC, PubChem, STITCH, and CTD, were searched without date limitation by February 2021. 'Natural product or herb or herbal plant or traditional medicine' and 'PD-L1' and 'Cancer immunotherapy' were used as the search keywords. Among 112 articles identified in database searching, 54 articles are full text articles, reporting in silico, in vitro, in vivo and clinical trials. 68 articles included are review articles and grey literature such as thesis and congress abstracts. RESULTS Several natural products and traditional medicines have exhibited diverse and multi-functional effects including direct blockade of PD-1/PD-L1 interactions, modulation of PD-L1 expression, and cooperation with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. CONCLUSION Natural products and traditional medicines can facilitate the development of more effective and acceptable diverse strategies for anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy, but further exploration of natural products and pharmaceutical techniques is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myong Hak Ri
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, China; Faculty of Life Science, Kim Il Sung University, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Juan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Xuejun Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zeng HR, Zhao B, Rui X, Jia GH, Wu Y, Zhang D, Yu HN, Zhang BR, Yuan Y. A TCM formula VYAC ameliorates DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis via blocking mast cell degranulation and suppressing NF-κB pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 280:114454. [PMID: 34329716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE A Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula (VYAC) consists of three herbs including Viola yedoensis Makino, herb (Violaceae, Viola), Sophora flavescens Aiton, root (Fabaceae, Sophora) and Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz, root and rhizome (Rutaceae, Dictamnus), has been traditionally prescribed to treat various skin diseases in clinic. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to investigate the therapeutic effects of VYAC on the 2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB) induced atopic dermatitis (AD)-like mice and to explore the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS VYAC was extracted with 70 % aqueous ethanol and lyophilized powder was used. AD-like mice were challenged by DNCB, VYAC (150 and 300 mg/kg) were oral administration daily from day 7 to day 28. At the end of experiment, the clinical scores were recorded, serum and skin in the dorsal were isolated to evaluate the therapeutic effects of VYAC. RBL-2H3 cells were stimulated with C48/80 for degranulation and plasmids expressing constitutively active form of Syk (Silence or overexpression) were transfected into RBL-2H3 cells to explore the underlying mechanisms in vitro. RESULTS VYAC significantly ameliorated the cardinal symptoms in the DNCB-induced AD-like mice by repairing the skin barrier function, inhibiting mast cells infiltration, restraining the serum IgE and histamine release and decreasing TNF-α, IL-4 as well as Syk mRNA level in dorsal skin and alleviating inflammation. Besides, VYAC significantly blocked RBL-2H3 cells degranulation, reduced β-hexosaminidase and histamine release, and suppressed NF-κB pathway. What's more, the degranulation of RBL-2H3 was reduced after Syk silence and increased after Syk overexpression. CONCLUSION Our findings clearly suggested that VYAC treat AD through inhibiting the inflammatory mediator productions and blocking mast cell degranulation via suppressing Syk mediated NF-κB pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai Rong Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Bei Zhao
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xing Rui
- Baoshan Branch, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201900, China
| | - Gui Hua Jia
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Die Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Hao Nao Yu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ben Rui Zhang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Yi Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mandlik DS, Mandlik SK, Patel SS. Sarsasapogenin and fluticasone combination improves DNFB induced atopic dermatitis lesions in BALB/c mice. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2021; 43:767-777. [PMID: 34581242 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2021.1981375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a pruritic, chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin disease. The research aims to study the effects of Sarsasapogenin and its combination with Fluticasone in 2, 4-Dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) induced atopic dermatitis in BALB/c mice. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty male Balb/c mice were divided into 5 groups: (i) Normal control (NC), (ii) Disease control (DNFB), (iii) Sarsasapogenin (SG) (50 µg/mice), (iv) Fluticasone (FC) (50 µg/mice), (v) Sarsasapogenin + Fluticasone (SG + FC) combination (25 µg/mice). Dermatitis was induced by repeated application of DNFB in Balb/c mice. On topical application of SG, FC, and SG + FC combination on the ear and skin lesions, body weight, ear weight, ear thickness, erythema score, spleen weight, cytokines, immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels, nitric oxide (NO) level, hematological parameters, and oxidative stress markers were evaluated. Histological analysis of the ear tissue was also done. RESULTS The results stated that SG and SG + FC treatment to mice considerably decrease the ear weight, ear thickness, spleen weight, serum IgE, cytokines, NO levels, and restoration of antioxidant stress markers with elevation in the hematological parameters. The observations were further confirmed by histopathological analysis of ear tissue. CONCLUSION These data specify that SG has been demonstrated as a probable therapy for the treatment of allergic skin diseases in combination with FC by decreasing its dose from 50 to 25 µg/mice to avoid the chronic side effects of FC. Hence, it can be concluded that SG and SG + FC combination significantly improved the AD-like symptoms in the DNFB sensitized mice through mitigating the production of proinflammatory mediators and restoration of oxidative stress markers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepa S Mandlik
- Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Poona College of Pharmacy, Pune, India
| | - Satish K Mandlik
- Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Poona College of Pharmacy, Pune, India
| | - Snehal S Patel
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yang T, Li C, Xue W, Huang L, Wang Z. Natural immunomodulating substances used for alleviating food allergy. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:2407-2425. [PMID: 34494479 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1975257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Food allergy is a serious health problem affecting more than 10% of the human population worldwide. Medical treatments for food allergy remain limited because immune therapy is risky and costly, and anti-allergic drugs have many harmful side effects and can cause drug dependence. In this paper, we review natural bioactive substances capable of alleviating food allergy. The sources of the anti-allergic substances reviewed include plants, animals, and microbes, and the types of substances include polysaccharides, oligosaccharides, polyphenols, phycocyanin, polyunsaturated fatty acids, flavonoids, terpenoids, quinones, alkaloids, phenylpropanoids, and probiotics. We describe five mechanisms involved in anti-allergic activities, including binding with epitopes located in allergens, affecting the gut microbiota, influencing intestinal epithelial cells, altering antigen presentation and T cell differentiation, and inhibiting the degranulation of effector cells. In the discussion, we present the limitations of existing researches as well as promising advances in the development of anti-allergic foods and/or immunomodulating food ingredients that can effectively prevent or alleviate food allergy. This review provides a reference for further research on anti-allergic materials and their hyposensitizing mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering of Xi'an, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering of Xi'an, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wentong Xue
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Linjuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering of Xi'an, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhongfu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering of Xi'an, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Efficacy and Safety of Runzao Zhiyang Capsule as an Add-On Therapy for Chronic Eczema: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6693268. [PMID: 33815560 PMCID: PMC7990555 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6693268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Runzao Zhiyang capsule (RZC), an oral Chinese herbal medicine, has been widely used for chronic eczema in China for many years. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of RZC as an add-on therapy to conventional treatment for chronic eczema. Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the efficacy and safety of RZC as an add-on therapy for chronic eczema were retrieved from eight literature databases from their inception to 31 August, 2020, including CNKI, WanFang, VIP, Sinomed, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. The data were analyzed by RevMan5.3 software. Results A total of 18 RCTs involving 1896 patients with chronic eczema were included. Compared with no oral treatment, RZC was superior on the total efficacy rate (TER) (RR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.23 to 1.72, P < 0.0001), Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) (MD = -0.73, 95% CI: -0.90 to -0.56, P < 0.00001), and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pruritus (MD = -2.76, 95%CI: -4.53 to -0.99, P=0.002). Similar results were also seen in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Compared with the antihistamine (AH) group, TER in the RZC combined with AH group was significantly higher (RR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.21 to 1.43, P < 0.00001), and the EASI score (MD = -0.29, 95% CI: -0.38 to -0.20, P < 0.001), the VAS score (MD = -0.19, 95% CI: -0.23 to -0.15, P < 0.00001), and the level of serum total IgE (MD = -9.83 ng/ml, 95% CI: -11.66 to -8.00 ng/ml, P < 0.00001) decreased more significantly in the RZC combined with AH group. In terms of safety, mild gastrointestinal diseases occurred more frequently in the RZC group, and no serious adverse effect was reported. Conclusions RZC as an add-on therapy to conventional treatment shows good effects on chronic eczema, and there is no severe side effect from short-term use of RZC. However, due to suboptimal quality of the included studies, more large-sample and high-quality RCTs are needed to improve the evidence quality.
Collapse
|
15
|
Piao CH, Fan YJ, Nguyen TV, Song CH, Jeong HJ, Chai OH. Effects of thermal therapy combined with blue light-emitting diode irradiation on trimellitic anhydride-induced acute contact hypersensitivity mouse model. J DERMATOL TREAT 2020; 33:1343-1350. [PMID: 32783679 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2020.1809622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUD The biological effect of phototherapy, which involves using visible light for disease treatment, has attracted recent attention, especially in dermatological practice. Light-emitting diode (LED) irradiation increases dermal collagen level and reduces inflammation. It has been suggested that thermal therapy and LED irradiation can modulate inflammatory processes. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effects of thermal therapy and LED irradiation. OBJECTIVE This study was to determine the anti-inflammatory effect of thermal therapy combined with LED irradiation on trimellitic anhydride (TMA)-induced acute contact hypersensitivity (CHS) mouse model. METHODS Twenty-four BALB/c mice were randomly divided into the following groups: Vehicle group, TMA group, TMA + alternating thermal therapy group (Alternating group), and TMA + alternating + LED group (LED group). Ear swelling was measured based on the thickness of ear before and after each TMA challenge. Vascular permeability was evaluated by the extravasation of Evans blue dye. Serum IgE level, Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines, and related transcription factors were measured using ELISA kits, and histological examination was illustrated in ear tissue. RESULTS The LED group showed reduction in ear swelling response, vascular permeability, serum IgE levels, Th2/Th17 cytokine levels, and inflammatory cell infiltration. Moreover, the LED group showed increased Th1 cytokine levels. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that thermal therapy combined with LED irradiation alleviated TMA-induced acute CHS in the mouse model. Thermal therapy and phototherapy should be considered as a novel therapeutic tool for the treatment of skin inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun Hua Piao
- Department of Anatomy, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yan Jing Fan
- Department of Anatomy, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Thi Van Nguyen
- Department of Anatomy, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Ho Song
- Department of Anatomy, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Institute for Medical Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan-Jeong Jeong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging and Therapeutic Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok Hee Chai
- Department of Anatomy, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Institute for Medical Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Herbal formula (Danggui Beimu Kushen Wan) for prostate disorders: a systematic review of classical literature. Integr Med Res 2019; 8:240-246. [PMID: 31649859 PMCID: PMC6804470 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2019.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Danggui Beimu Kushen Wan (DBKW) was initially known for difficult urination in pregnancy and has been widely used for prostate disorders in modern days. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the implications of DBKW in traditional evidence. Methods The Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine was searched to identify the ingredients, dosage, etiologies, pathogeneses, actions and indications related to DBKW documented in ancient books. Descriptive summary was provided to their characteristics. Results A total of 41 texts in 36 classic books were included. Two etiologies and 10 pathogeneses were investigated. All the identified formulas contain Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus and Sophorae Flavescentis Radix with the ratio of 1:1:1. The treatment dosage is three to 10 pills each time. The primary indication of DBKW is difficult urination with heat stagnation. Nine included texts specified that this formula could also be used for male. Conclusion Included classic literature has provided fundamental evidence for the management of difficult urination in female and male. Further studies should investigate its mechanisms of actions for difficult urination related conditions, such as prostate disorders.
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang K, Pramod SN, Pavase TR, Ahmed I, Lin H, Liu L, Tian S, Lin H, Li Z. An overview on marine anti-allergic active substances for alleviating food-induced allergy. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:2549-2563. [PMID: 31441662 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1650716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Food provides energy and various nutrients and is the most important substance for the survival of living beings. However, for allergic people, certain foods cause strong reactions, and sometimes even cause shock or death. Food allergy has been recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a major global food safety issue which affect the quality of life of nearly 5% of adults and 8% of children, and the incidence continues to rise but there is no effective cure. Drug alleviation methods for food allergies often have shortcomings such as side effects, poor safety, and high cost. At present, domestic and foreign scientists have turned to research and develop various new, safe and efficient natural sources of hypoallergenic or anti-allergic drugs or foods. There are many kinds of anti-allergic substances obtained from the plants and animals have been reported. Besides, probiotics and bifidobacteria also have certain anti-allergic effects. Of all the sources of anti-allergic substances, the ocean is rich in effective active substances due to its remarkable biodiversity and extremely complex living environment, and plays a huge role in the field of anti-food allergy. In this paper, the anti-food allergic bioactive substances isolated from marine organisms encompassing marine microbial, plant, animal sources and their mechanism were reviewed and the possible targets of anti-allergic substances exerting effects are illustrated by drawing. In addition, the development prospects of marine anti-allergic market are discussed and forecasted, which can provide reference for future research on anti-allergic substances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Food Safety Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Siddanakoppalu Narayana Pramod
- Laboratory for Immunomodulation and Inflammation Biology, Department of Studies and Research in Biochemistry, Sahyadri Science College (Autonomous), Kuvempu University, Shivamogga, Karnataka, India
| | - Tushar Ramesh Pavase
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Food Safety Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Ishfaq Ahmed
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Food Safety Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Hang Lin
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Liangyu Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Food Safety Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Shenglan Tian
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Food Safety Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Hong Lin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Food Safety Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Zhenxing Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Food Safety Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ingawale DK, Mandlik SK, Patel SS. Anti-inflammatory potential of hecogenin on atopic dermatitis and airway hyper-responsiveness by regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2019; 41:327-336. [PMID: 31039648 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2019.1608445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Hecogenin is a sapogenin found in Agave sisalana species that is used extensively for the treatment of anti-inflammatory, antifungal, hypotensive, anti-nociceptive activity and cancer. We have studied the anti-inflammatory effect of Hecogenin and its combination with Fluticasone on atopic dermatitis and airway hyper-responsiveness in Balb/c mice. Material and methods: Dermatitis was induced by repeated application of 2, 4-dinitrofluorobenzene in Balb/c mice. After a topical application of Hecogenin, Fluticasone and their combination on the skin lesions, the ear thickness, ear weight and erythema score were evaluated. Asthma was induced by sensitization and challenge of ovalbumin in Balb/c mice. Results: The topical application of Hecogenin and its combination with Fluticasone in mice effectively suppressed the ear swelling and weight. As well as the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were decreased by Hecogenin and its combination in-vivo. Whereas, intra-nasal administration of Hecogenin and its combination in ovalbumin induced airway hyper-responsiveness reveals a significant decrement in total cell count, differential cell count and cytokines levels. Similar observations were obtained for myeloperoxidase level in ear and lung tissue. The results were supported by histological studies of ear and lung tissue. Conclusion: These data indicate that Hecogenin has been proved as a potential therapy for allergic skin diseases and bronchial asthma treatments in combination with Fluticasone by reducing its dose from 50 to 25 μg/mice in combination to circumvent the long term side effects of Fluticasone. The beneficial effect of Hecogenin may be related to the diminution of TNF-α and IL-12 cytokines production in Balb/c mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepa K Ingawale
- a Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University , Ahmedabad , India.,b Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Poona College of Pharmacy , Erandawane , Pune India
| | | | - Snehal S Patel
- a Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University , Ahmedabad , India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Matrine alleviates Staphylococcus aureus lipoteichoic acid-induced endometritis via suppression of TLR2-mediated NF-κB activation. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 70:201-207. [PMID: 30822611 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Endometritis is one of the main diseases that causes great economic losses in the dairy industry. Recent studies have shown that matrine extracted from the traditional Chinese herb Sophora flavescens is an alkaloid with a broad range of bioactivities. Here, we aimed to investigate the protective effects of matrine on Staphylococcus aureus lipoteichoic acid (LTA)-induced endometritis in mice and elucidate the possible molecular mechanisms in vitro. Histopathological changes showed that matrine remarkably attenuated the uterus injury in a mouse model of LTA-induced endometritis. qPCR and ELISA results showed that matrine dose-dependently reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β). To further elucidate the underlying mechanisms of this protective effect of matrine, LTA-stimulated bovine endometrial epithelial cells (bEECs) were employed in this study. The results demonstrated that TLR2 expression and its downstream nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation were both suppressed by matrine treatment. Furthermore, a small interference RNA targeting TLR2 gene mimicked matrine in its inhibition on LTA-induced activation of TLR2 and NF-κB. In conclusion, these findings suggest the protective effect of matrine against LTA-induced endometritis through negative regulation of TLR2-mediated NF-κB pathway.
Collapse
|
20
|
Kwon HK, Song MJ, Lee HJ, Park TS, Kim MI, Park HJ. Pediococcus pentosaceus-Fermented Cordyceps militaris Inhibits Inflammatory Reactions and Alleviates Contact Dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113504. [PMID: 30405049 PMCID: PMC6274829 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cordyceps militaris is a medicinal mushroom used to treat immune-related diseases in East Asia. We investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of the extract of C. militaris grown on germinated Rhynchosia nulubilis (GRC) fermented with Pediococcus pentosaceus ON89A isolated from onion (GRC-ON89A) in vivo as well as in vitro. The anti-inflammatory effect of GRC-ON89A was investigated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The total polyphenol content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) in the GRC-ON89A ethanol extract were significantly increased compared to that in GRC. GRC-ON89A hexane fraction (GRC-ON89A-Hex) inhibited the release of nitric oxide (NO) compared to that of the LPS-treated control without cytotoxicity in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. GRC-ON89A-Hex decreased the inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α mRNA expression in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. In addition, pre-treatment with GRC-ON89A-Hex significantly inhibited LPS-stimulated phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB. To induce allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), 1-fluoro-2, 4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) was applied to the surface of the right ears of C57BL/6N mice. GRC-ON89A reduced the ear swelling and thickness in DNFB-induced ACD mice. This study demonstrates the potential usefulness of GRC-ON89A as an anti-inflammatory dietary supplement or drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Kyoung Kwon
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Korea.
| | - Min-Jung Song
- Department of, College of Food Biotechnology, Division of Bioindustry, Silla University, Busan 46958, Korea.
| | - Hye-Ji Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Korea.
| | - Tae-Sik Park
- Department of Life Science, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Korea.
| | - Moon Il Kim
- Department of BioNano Technology, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Korea.
| | - Hye-Jin Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Mbiantcha M, Almas J, Atsamo AD, Ateufack G, Shabana SU, Bomba Tatsinkou DF, Yousseu Nana W, Nida D. Anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic effects of methanol extract of the stem bark of Boswellia dalzielii Hutch (Burseraceae) in rats. Inflammopharmacology 2018; 26:1383-1398. [DOI: 10.1007/s10787-018-0505-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
22
|
Kim HY, Jeon H, Kim H, Koo S, Kim S. Sophora flavescens Aiton Decreases MPP +-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in SH-SY5Y Cells. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:119. [PMID: 29740311 PMCID: PMC5928137 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sophora flavescens Aiton (SF) has been used to treat various diseases including fever and inflammation in China, South Korea and Japan. Several recent reports have shown that SF has anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects, indicating that it is a promising candidate for treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). We evaluated the protective effect of SF against neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+)-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells, an in vitro PD model. SH-SY5Y cells were incubated with SF for 24 h, after which they were treated with MPP+. MPP+-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis were confirmed by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated biotinylated UTP nick end labeling assay. MitoSOX red mitochondrial superoxide indicator, tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester perchlorate and Parkin, PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1), and DJ-1 immunofluorescent staining were conducted to confirm the mitochondrial function. In addition, western blot was performed to evaluate apoptosis factors (Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3 and cytochrome c) and mitochondrial function-related factors (Parkin, PINK1 and DJ-1). SF suppressed MPP+-induced cytotoxicity, apoptosis and collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential by inhibiting the increase of reactive oxidative species (ROS) and DNA fragmentation, and controlling Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3 and cytochrome c expression. Moreover, it attenuated Parkin, PINK1 and DJ-1 expression from MPP+-induced decrease. SF effectively suppressed MPP+-induced cytotoxicity, apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction by regulating generation of ROS, disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondria-dependent apoptosis and loss or mutation of mitochondria-related PD markers including Parkin, PINK1 and DJ-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Young Kim
- Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Hyongjun Jeon
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Hyungwoo Kim
- Division of Pharmacology, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Sungtae Koo
- Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea.,Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Seungtae Kim
- Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea.,Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wang X, Zheng R, Huang X, Mao Z, Wang N, Li H, Wen C, Shou D. Effects of alkaloids from Sophora flavescens on osteoblasts infected with Staphylococcus aureus and osteoclasts. Phytother Res 2018; 32:1354-1363. [PMID: 29575361 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic osteomyelitis is primarily caused by infection with Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Antibiotics are commonly administered; however, it is a challenge to promote bone healing. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro effects of alkaloids from the herbal remedy Sophora flavescens (ASF) on rat calvarial osteoblasts (ROBs) infected with S. aureus and healthy osteoclasts. Cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase, interleukin-6, and tumour necrosis factor-α activity was measured in infected ROBs; tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase was evaluated in osteoclasts via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The mRNA and protein expression levels of bone morphogenetic protein 2, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteoprotegerin, and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand were assessed in infected ROBs through reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting analysis, respectively. Results indicated that ASF increased the viability of uninfected ROBs and infected ROBs treated with vancomycin via regulation of bone morphogenetic protein 2, runt-related transcription factor, osteoprotegerin, and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand mRNA and protein expression levels. In addition, the secretion of the inflammatory factor tumour necrosis factor-α was decreased and alkaline phosphatase activity was increased, inhibiting the viability of osteoclasts and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity. Therefore, the herbal remedy ASF has potential as a new treatment for chronic osteomyelitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuping Wang
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, 310007, China
| | - Rongzong Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Xiaowen Huang
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, 310007, China
| | - Zhujun Mao
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, 310007, China
| | - Nani Wang
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, 310007, China
| | - Hongyu Li
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, 310007, China
| | - Chengping Wen
- College of Basic Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dan Shou
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, 310007, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Profiling of the Major Phenolic Compounds and Their Biosynthesis Genes in Sophora flavescens Aiton. ScientificWorldJournal 2018; 2018:6218430. [PMID: 29686587 PMCID: PMC5852875 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6218430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sophorae Radix (Sophora flavescens Aiton) has long been used in traditional medicine in East Asia due to the various biological activities of its secondary metabolites. Endogenous contents of phenolic compounds (phenolic acid, flavonol, and isoflavone) and the main bioactive compounds of Sophorae Radix were analyzed based on the qualitative HPLC analysis and evaluated in different organs and at different developmental stages. In total, 11 compounds were detected, and the composition of the roots and aerial parts (leaves, stems, and flowers) was significantly different. trans-Cinnamic acid and p-coumaric acid were observed only in the aerial parts. Large amounts of rutin and maackiain were detected in the roots. Four phenolic acid compounds (benzoic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, and chlorogenic acid) and four flavonol compounds (kaempferol, catechin hydrate, epicatechin, and rutin) were higher in aerial parts than in roots. To identify putative genes involved in phenolic compounds biosynthesis, a total of 41 transcripts were investigated. Expression patterns of these selected genes, as well as the multiple isoforms for the genes, varied by organ and developmental stage, implying that they are involved in the biosynthesis of various phenolic compounds both spatially and temporally.
Collapse
|
25
|
Antinociceptive Activities of the Methanolic Extract of the Stem Bark of Boswellia dalzielii Hutch. (Burseraceae) in Rats Are NO/cGMP/ATP-Sensitive-K + Channel Activation Dependent. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:6374907. [PMID: 29362589 PMCID: PMC5736925 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6374907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Boswellia dalzielii (B. dalzielii) is traditionally used in the treatment of rheumatism, pain, and inflammation. The present investigation evaluates the property and possible mechanism of action of the methanolic extract of B. dalzielii (BDME) on inflammatory and neuropathic pain models. Effects of BDME (250 and 500 mg/kg), orally administered, were verified in mechanical hypernociception induced by LPS or PGE2. Mechanical hyperalgesia, cold allodynia, and heat hyperalgesia were used in vincristine-induced neuropathic pain. NW-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase), glibenclamide (ATP-sensitive potassium channel blocker), methylene blue (cGMP blocker), or naloxone (opioid antagonist receptor) has been used to evaluate the therapeutic effects of BDME on PGE2-induced hyperalgesia. Chemical profile of BDME was determined by using HPLC-XESI-PDA/MS. BDME showed significant antinociceptive effects in inflammatory pain caused by LPS and PGE2. The extract also significantly inhibited neuropathic pain induced by vincristine. The antinociceptive property of BDME in PGE2 model was significantly blocked by L-NAME, glibenclamide, methylene blue, or naloxone. The present work reveals the antinociceptive activities of BDME both in inflammatory and in neuropathic models of pain. This plant extract may be acting firstly by binding to opioid receptors and secondly by activating the NO/cGMP/ATP-sensitive-K+ channel pathway.
Collapse
|
26
|
Jung Y, Kim B, Ryu MH, Kim H. Chinese medicines reported to have effects on contact dermatitis in the last 20 years. Chin J Integr Med 2017; 24:64-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s11655-016-2535-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
27
|
Hou Z, Sun G, Guo Y. Linear Quantitative Profiling Method Fast Monitors Alkaloids of Sophora Flavescens That Was Verified by Tri-Marker Analyses. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161146. [PMID: 27529425 PMCID: PMC4987015 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study demonstrated the use of the Linear Quantitative Profiling Method (LQPM) to evaluate the quality of Alkaloids of Sophora flavescens (ASF) based on chromatographic fingerprints in an accurate, economical and fast way. Both linear qualitative and quantitative similarities were calculated in order to monitor the consistency of the samples. The results indicate that the linear qualitative similarity (LQLS) is not sufficiently discriminating due to the predominant presence of three alkaloid compounds (matrine, sophoridine and oxymatrine) in the test samples; however, the linear quantitative similarity (LQTS) was shown to be able to obviously identify the samples based on the difference in the quantitative content of all the chemical components. In addition, the fingerprint analysis was also supported by the quantitative analysis of three marker compounds. The LQTS was found to be highly correlated to the contents of the marker compounds, indicating that quantitative analysis of the marker compounds may be substituted with the LQPM based on the chromatographic fingerprints for the purpose of quantifying all chemicals of a complex sample system. Furthermore, once reference fingerprint (RFP) developed from a standard preparation in an immediate detection way and the composition similarities calculated out, LQPM could employ the classical mathematical model to effectively quantify the multiple components of ASF samples without any chemical standard.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhifei Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei Chemical and Pharmaceutical College, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Guoxiang Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yong Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Fairleigh Dickinson University, Florham Park, New Jersey, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zeng HR, Wang B, Zhao Z, Zhang Q, Liang MY, Yao YQ, Bian K, Zhang WR. Effects of Viola yedoensis Makino anti-itching compound on degranulation and cytokine generation in RBL-2H3 mast cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 189:132-138. [PMID: 27196296 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Chinese herb compound prescription Viola yedoensis Makino Anti-itching Compound (VYAC), which consists of Viola yedoensis Makino, herb, Sophora flavescens Aiton, root, and Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz, root and rhizome, has been traditionally used to treat various skin allergic inflammatory diseases in clinic. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of VYAC on degranulation and to determine its anti-inflammatory mechanism in RBL-2H3 mast cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS VYAC was extracted with water-coction extraction (Shufen et al., 2012). The aqueous extracts were concentrated in vacuum under reduced pressure and lyophilized using a freeze dryer, and lyophilized powder was obtained. MTT was used to evaluate the cytotoxic of VYAC on RBL-2H3 cells. Degranulation was carried out with RBL-2H3 cell model, which was stimulated with A23187 plus PMA. β-Hexosaminidase and histamine were measured to evaluate degranulation. The mRNA levels of inflammation cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and iNOS) were investigated by RT-PCR to explain the anti-inflammatory mechanism of VYAC. RESULTS VYAC did not show cytotoxic effect on RBL-2H3 cells in the range of 25-400μg/mL. A higher dose of VYAC (800μg/mL) showed significant cytotoxicity (P<0.05). VYAC could significantly inhibit β-hexosaminidase and histamine release when treated with 100, 200, and 400μg/mL (P<0.05), but could not significantly inhibit β-Hexosaminidase and histamine release when treated with 25 and 50μg/mL (p>0.05). The mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and iNOS) could significantly decrease when treated with 200 and 400μg/mL (P<0.05) of VYAC, which were associated with the development of inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Results showed that VYAC inhibited β-hexosaminidase and histamine release, which was inhibit A23187 plus PMA stimulated RBL-2H3 cell degranulation and downregulated inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and iNOS) expression to block inflammatory development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Rong Zeng
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China; Murad Research Center for Moderniszed Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200, Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200, Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Mei-Yun Liang
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ya-Qi Yao
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ka Bian
- Murad Research Center for Moderniszed Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George Washington University of USA, WA 20052, USA
| | - Wei-Rong Zhang
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Siddiqui F, Naqvi S, Abidi L, Faizi S, Avesi L, Mirza T, Farooq AD. Opuntia dillenii cladode: Opuntiol and opuntioside attenuated cytokines and eicosanoids mediated inflammation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 182:221-234. [PMID: 26900126 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHANOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Opuntia dillenii Haw (Nagphana) traditionally used against inflammation. The present study addressed the anti-inflammatory activity of O. dillenii derived methanol extract, fractions and pure compounds and their underlying mechanism of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS O. dillenii cladode methanol extract was subjected to vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) furnishing two main fractions viz (T-1 and -2) leading to isolation of opuntiol (aglycone) and opuntioside (O-glucoside), respectively. Anti-inflammatory activity of extract, fractions, pure compounds and reference drugs were evaluated using: (1) arachidonic acid (AA) and 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced ear edema accompanied by histological studies of mice ear sections and phospholipase A2 (PLA2)-induced mice paw edema. (2) Carrageenan and glycogen-induced peritonitis in rodents. In parallel levels of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were also determined via HPLC and fluoroemetrically using 2', 7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) dye, respectively. Additionally, levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukins IL-1β and -6 were measured by ELISA assay. RESULTS O. dillenii methanol extract, fractions and pure compounds reduced AA and TPA-induced ear punch weight in a dose dependent fashion. The corresponding IC50 values obtained also suppressed inflammatory features observed histologically. Furthermore, paw edema and peritonitis were also attenuated. Similar to indomethacin and diclofenac sodium, opuntioside reduced PGE2 levels of inflamed ear which was comparatively 1.3× better than opuntiol. However, opuntiol was more potent in reducing LTB4 levels in rat neutrophils with an IC50 value of 19±3.3μΜ, while opuntioside was ineffective. Opuntiol also effectively suppressed ROS (37%) and cytokine levels (TNF-α, IL-1β and -6) by ~50% and comparable to dexamethasone. CONCLUSIONS O. dillenii cladodes possess anti-inflammatory properties via inhibition of arachidonic acid metabolites and cytokines. Opuntiol (aglycone) emerged as a dual inhibitor of cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipooxygenase (LOX) pathways. It also suppressed ROS and cytokine levels. However, opuntioside manifested its selectivity towards COX (PGE2) pathway without affecting LTB4 levels. The present report describing the anti-inflammatory activity of opuntiol and opuntioside for the first time thereby, supporting and justifying the traditional use of O. dillenii against inflammation and may serve as lead compound in designing of new anti-inflammatory agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faheema Siddiqui
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Sabira Naqvi
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Lubna Abidi
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; Department of Chemistry, Jinnah University for Women, Karachi 74600, Pakistan.
| | - Shaheen Faizi
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Lubna Avesi
- Pathology Department, Dow International Medical College (DIMC), Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi 74200, Pakistan.
| | - Talat Mirza
- Pathology Department, Dow International Medical College (DIMC), Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi 74200, Pakistan.
| | - Ahsana Dar Farooq
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Li ZY, Huang WC, Tu RS, Gu PY, Lin CF, Liou CJ. Sophoraflavanone G Induces Apoptosis in Human Leukemia Cells and Blocks MAPK Activation. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2016; 44:165-76. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x16500117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sophoraflavanone G (SG) was isolated from Sophora flavescens. Previously, we have found that SG is able to suppress the inflammatory response in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of SG on apoptosis, and explore its molecular mechanism in human leukemia HL-60 cells. HL-60 cells were treated with various concentrations of SG (3–30 [Formula: see text]M). The viability of the HL-60 cells was assessed using the MTT method, and the nuclear condensation indicative of apoptosis was observed by DAPI fluorescence staining. In addition, apoptotic signal proteins were examined using Western blotting. The results showed that apoptosis, including DNA fragmentation and nuclear condensation, increased significantly in SG-treated HL-60 cells. SG activated caspase-3 and caspase-9, and downregulated Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL. SG also upregulated Bax and released cytochrome c from the mitochondria into the cytoplasm, enabling apoptosis via the mitochondrially-mediated “intrinsic” pathway. Additionally, SG was able to cleave poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 and activate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. These results suggest that SG might increase the effect of apoptosis on HL-60 cells through caspase-3 activation, mitochondrial-mediated pathways, and the MAPK pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zih-Ying Li
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Guishan District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Guishan District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Guishan District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Syuan Tu
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Guishan District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yu Gu
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Guishan District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Chwan-Fwu Lin
- Department of Cosmetic Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Guishan District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Chian-Jiun Liou
- Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Guishan District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Guishan District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Tanabe N, Kuboyama T, Kazuma K, Konno K, Tohda C. The Extract of Roots of Sophora flavescens Enhances the Recovery of Motor Function by Axonal Growth in Mice with a Spinal Cord Injury. Front Pharmacol 2016; 6:326. [PMID: 26834638 PMCID: PMC4712302 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although axonal extension to reconstruct spinal tracts should be effective for restoring function after spinal cord injury (SCI), chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG) levels increase at spinal cord lesion sites, and inhibit axonal regrowth. In this study, we found that the water extract of roots of Sophora flavescens extended the axons of mouse cortical neurons, even on a CSPG-coated surface. Consecutive oral administrations of S. flavescens extract to SCI mice for 31 days increased the density of 5-HT-positive axons at the lesion site and improved the motor function. Further, the active constituents in the S. flavescens extract were identified. The water and alkaloid fractions of the S. flavescens extract each exhibited axonal extension activity in vitro. LC/MS analysis revealed that these fractions mainly contain matrine and/or oxymatrine, which are well-known major compounds in S. flavescens. Matrine and oxymatrine promoted axonal extension on the CSPG-coated surface. This study is the first to demonstrate that S. flavescens extract, matrine, and oxymatrine enhance axonal growth in vitro, even on a CSPG-coated surface, and that S. flavescens extract improves motor function and increases axonal density in SCI mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norio Tanabe
- Division of Neuromedical Science, Department of Bioscience, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama Toyama, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Kuboyama
- Division of Neuromedical Science, Department of Bioscience, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama Toyama, Japan
| | - Kohei Kazuma
- Division of Kampo-Pharmaceutics, Department of Medical Resources, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama Toyama, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Konno
- Division of Kampo-Pharmaceutics, Department of Medical Resources, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama Toyama, Japan
| | - Chihiro Tohda
- Division of Neuromedical Science, Department of Bioscience, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama Toyama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
He X, Fang J, Huang L, Wang J, Huang X. Sophora flavescens Ait.: Traditional usage, phytochemistry and pharmacology of an important traditional Chinese medicine. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 172:10-29. [PMID: 26087234 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sophora flavescens (Fabaceae), also known as Kushen (Chinese: ), has been an important species in Chinese medicine since the Qin and Han dynasties. The root of Sophora flavescens has a long history in the traditional medicine of many countries, including China, Japan, Korea, India and some countries in Europe. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), Sophora flavescens has been used extensively, mainly in combination with other medicinal plants in prescriptions to treat fever, dysentery, hematochezia, jaundice, oliguria, vulvar swelling, asthma, eczema, inflammatory disorders, ulcers and diseases associated with skin burns. The aim of this review is to provide updated and comprehensive information regarding the botany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, biological activities and toxicology of Sophora flavescens and to discuss possible trends and opportunities for further research on Sophora flavescens. MATERIALS AND METHODS We systematically searched major scientific databases (PubMed, Elsevier, SpringerLink, Google Scholar, Medline Plus, ACS, "Da Yi Yi Xue Sou Suo (http://www.dayi100.com/login.jsp)", China Knowledge Resource Integrated (CNKI) and Web of Science) for information published between 1958 and 2015 on Sophora flavescens. Information was also acquired from local classic herbal literature, conference papers, government reports, and PhD and MSc dissertations. RESULTS The broad spectrum of biological activities associated with Sophora flavescens has been considered a valuable resource in both traditional and modern medicine. Extracts are taken either orally or by injection. More than 200 compounds have been isolated from Sophora flavescens, and the major components have been identified as flavonoids and alkaloids. Recent in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that at least 50 pure compounds and crude extracts from Sophora flavescens possess wide-ranging antitumor, antimicrobial, antipyretic, antinociceptive, and anti-inflammatory pharmacological abilities. The anticancer and anti-infection abilities of these components are especially attractive areas for research. CONCLUSIONS Sophora flavescens is a promising traditional medicine, but there is a need for more precise studies to test the safety and clinical value of its main active crude extracts and pure compounds and to clarify their mechanisms of action. Moreover, some existing studies have lacked systematic methods and integration with the existing literature, and some of the experiments were isolated, used small sample sizes and were unreliable. More validated data are therefore required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xirui He
- Hong-Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an 710054, PR China; The College of Life Sciences, Northwestern University, Xi'an 710069, PR China.
| | - Jiacheng Fang
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwestern University, Xi'an 710069, PR China
| | - Linhong Huang
- Hong-Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an 710054, PR China.
| | - Jinhui Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, University Hospital of Gansu Traditional Medicine, Lanzhou 730020, PR China
| | - Xiaoqiang Huang
- Hong-Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an 710054, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Jo S, Ryu J, Kim H, Kim M, Ryu MH, Kim H, Cho SI. Anti-inflammatory Effects of Sanguisorbae Radix on Contact Dermatitis Induced by Dinitrofluorobenzene in Mice. Chin J Integr Med 2015; 26:688-693. [PMID: 26264569 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-015-2148-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the anti-inflflammatory effects of Sanguisorbae Radix on contact dermatitis (CD). METHODS Mice were sensitized by painting 30 µL of 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) onto each ear for 3 days. Four days later, mice were challenged by painting with 50 µL of DNFB onto the shaved dorsum every 2 days. Sanguisorbae Radix methanol extract (MESR) was applied onto the shaved dorsum every 2 days. The effects of MESR on skin thickness, skin weights, histopathological changes, skin lesions and cytokine production in DNFB-induced CD mice were investigated, as well as its effects on body weights and spleen/body weight ratio. RESULTS Topical application of MESR effectively inhibited enlargement of skin thickness and weight (P<0.05). MESR treatment also inhibited hyperplasia, spongiosis and immune cell infiltration induced by DNFB in inflamed tissues and improved lesions on dorsum skin in CD mice. Moreover, treatment with MESR suppressed the increase in the levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α,P<0.01) and interferon γ (IFN-γ,P<0.05), respectively. Finally, MESR had no effect on body weight gain or spleen/body weight ratio. CONCLUSION These data suggest that MESR acts as an anti-inflflammatory agent that decreases the production of TNF-α and IFN-γ, resulting in reductions of skin lesions and histopathological changes in inflamed skin tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suzy Jo
- School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Pusan, 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghyun Ryu
- School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Pusan, 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanna Kim
- School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Pusan, 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Miyoung Kim
- School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Pusan, 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Heon Ryu
- School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Pusan, 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungwoo Kim
- School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Pusan, 626-870, Republic of Korea.
| | - Su-In Cho
- School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Pusan, 626-870, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Park BK, Park YC, Jung IC, Kim SH, Choi JJ, Do M, Kim SY, Jin M. Gamisasangja-tang suppresses pruritus and atopic skin inflammation in the NC/Nga murine model of atopic dermatitis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 165:54-60. [PMID: 25721805 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gamisasangja-tang (GST) is a traditional herbal formula prescribed for patients with intractable pruritus in association with various inflammatory skin diseases. To evaluate the effects of GST on pruritic skin inflammation and investigate its cellular and molecular mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS We orally administered GST to NC/Nga (NC) mice, an animal model of atopic dermatitis. Scratching frequency and the dermatitis index were evaluated, and histological examination was performed using hematoxylin and eosin and toluidine blue staining. The levels of interleukin (IL)-31 and T-helper cell type 2 (TH2) cytokines were determined in both the dorsal skin and cultured splenocytes by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. The serum levels of chemokines and immunoglobulin E (IgE) were determined by ELISA. Changes in the inflammatory cell population were analyzed by a hemocytometer. RESULTS GST significantly lowered scratching frequency and inhibited increases in dermatitis index, thickness of epidermis/dermis and infiltration of chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 3 (CCR3)(+) and cluster of differentiation (CD)117(+)/FcεRIα (Fc fragment of IgE, high affinity I, receptor for; alpha polypeptide)(+) cells in atopic skin. Both IL-31 mRNA expression and production were significantly reduced by GST, which was accomrease in the levels of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13. Further, GST treatment suppressed the secretion of eotaxin, TARC (thymus and activation-regulated chemokine), IgE, and increases in the number of basophils and eosinophils in the blood. CONCLUSION GST may have potential as an effective treatment for pruritic skin disease such as atopic dermatitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Kyung Park
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon 300-706, Republic of Korea
| | - Yang-Chun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon 301-724, Republic of Korea
| | - In Chul Jung
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon 302-122, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hyung Kim
- Institute of Traditional Medicine and Bioscience, Daejeon University, Daejeon 300-706, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong June Choi
- Institute of Traditional Medicine and Bioscience, Daejeon University, Daejeon 300-706, Republic of Korea
| | - Moonho Do
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 406-799, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Yeou Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 406-799, Republic of Korea
| | - Mirim Jin
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon 300-706, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Lyu J, Kim BJ, Kim H. Anti-Allergic Effect of Ulmus davidiana Cortex on Contact Dermatitis Induced by Dinitrofluoro- Benzene in Mice. J Pharmacopuncture 2015; 16:41-5. [PMID: 25780667 PMCID: PMC4331966 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2013.16.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The root bark of Ulmus davidiana var. Japonica (Ulmi Radicis cortex, URC) is a medicinal herb used for promoting diuresis and treating dampness. In Korea, URC has long been used as an efficacious therapy for inflammation, burns, frostbite and skin diseases such as eczema and psoriasis. METHODS In the present study, we used 1-fluoro-2,4- dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB)-induced contact dermatitis (CD) mouse model to investigate the antiallergic and the anti-inflammatory effects of URC on skin lesion, histopathological changes and specific antibody production. RESULTS URC treatment, 10 mg/mL, effectively inhibited skin lesions induced by repeated paintings with DNFB. In the histopathological observation, topical application of URC inhibited spongiosis. In addition, URC lowered the production levels of total immunoglobulin and IgG2a in serum. CONCLUSION These data indicate that URC has an anti-inflammatory effect that produces an improvement of skin lesions in CD mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghyeon Lyu
- Division of Pharmacology, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Byung-Joo Kim
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Hyungwoo Kim
- Division of Pharmacology, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Han HY, Kim H, Son YH, Lee G, Jeong SH, Ryu MH. Anti-cancer effects of Kochia scoparia fruit in human breast cancer cells. Pharmacogn Mag 2014; 10:S661-7. [PMID: 25298688 PMCID: PMC4189286 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.139812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Revised: 12/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The fruit of Kochia scoparia Scharder is widely used as a medicinal ingredient for the treatment of dysuria and skin diseases in China, Japan and Korea. Especially, K. scoparia had been used for breast masses and chest and flank pain. Objective: To investigate the anti-cancer effect of K. scoparia on breast cancer. Materials and Methods: We investigated the anti-cancer effects of K. scoparia, methanol extract (MEKS) in vitro. We examined the effects of MEKS on the proliferation rate, cell cycle arrest, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and activation of apoptosis-associated proteins in MDA-MB-231, human breast cancer cells. Results: MTT assay results demonstrated that MEKS decreased the proliferation rates of MDA-MB-231 cells in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 value of 36.2 μg/ml. MEKS at 25 μg/ml significantly increased the sub-G1 DNA contents of MDA-MB-231 cells to 44.7%, versus untreated cells. In addition, MEKS induced apoptosis by increasing the levels of apoptosis-associated proteins such as cleaved caspase 3, cleaved caspase 8, cleaved caspase 9 and cleaved Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Conclusion: These results suggest that MEKS inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells and that MEKS may have potential chemotherapeutic value for the treatment of human breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Yeon Han
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Institute of Translational Dental Sciences, Gyeongnam, Korea
| | - Hyungwoo Kim
- Division of Pharmacology, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Gyeongnam, Korea
| | - Yong Hae Son
- Division of Pharmacology, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Gyeongnam, Korea
| | - Guemsan Lee
- Department of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Sung-Hee Jeong
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University, Gyeongnam, Korea
| | - Mi Heon Ryu
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Institute of Translational Dental Sciences, Gyeongnam, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Kim M, Kim H, Ryu J, Jo S, Lee G, Ryu MH, Kim H, Cho SI. Anti-inflammatory effects of Cryptotympana atrata Fabricius slough shed on contact dermatitis induced by dinitrofluorobenzene in mice. Pharmacogn Mag 2014; 10:S377-82. [PMID: 24991117 PMCID: PMC4078347 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.133288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2013] [Revised: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The slough shed of Cryptotympana atrata Fabricius is widely used to treat skin diseases in China, Japan, and Korea. OBJECTIVE To investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of C. atrata on contact dermatitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We investigated the effects of C. atrata methanol extract (MECA) on ear swelling, histophathological changes and cytokine production in 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB)-induced contact dermatitis (CD) mice. RESULTS Topical application of MECA effectively inhibited enlargement of ear swelling (30 and 100 μ/ear, P < 0.05; 300 μg/ear, P < 0.01). MECA treatment also inhibited hyperplasia, spongiosis (100 and 300 μg/ear, P < 0.001), and immune cell infiltration (30 μg/ear, P < 0.05; 100 and 300 μg/ear, P < 0.001) induced by DNFB. In addition, treatment with MECA suppressed the increase in the levels of TNF-α (P < 0.05), IFN-g (3, 100 μg/ear, P < 0.05; 300 μg/ear, P < 0.01), and IL-6 (100 μg/ear, P < 0.05; 300 μg/ear, P < 0.01) production. CONCLUSION These data suggest that MECA has the potential for use in the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases, including CD. Moreover, the results presented herein indicate that anti-inflammatory actions of MECA are mediated by decreasing production of TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-6 in inflamed tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miyoung Kim
- Division of Pharmacology, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Gyeongnam, South Korea
| | - Hanna Kim
- Division of Pharmacology, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Gyeongnam, South Korea
| | - Jeonghyun Ryu
- Division of Pharmacology, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Gyeongnam, South Korea
| | - Suzy Jo
- Division of Pharmacology, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Gyeongnam, South Korea
| | - Guemsan Lee
- Department of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Jeonbuk, South Korea
| | - Mi Heon Ryu
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Gyeongnam, South Korea
| | - Hyungwoo Kim
- Department of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Jeonbuk, South Korea
| | - Su In Cho
- Division of Pharmacology, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Gyeongnam, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Huang WC, Chan CC, Wu SJ, Chen LC, Shen JJ, Kuo ML, Chen MC, Liou CJ. Matrine attenuates allergic airway inflammation and eosinophil infiltration by suppressing eotaxin and Th2 cytokine production in asthmatic mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 151:470-7. [PMID: 24231072 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.10.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2013] [Revised: 10/13/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Matrine has been isolated from Sophora flavescens, and found to show anti-inflammatory effects in macrophages and anti-cachectic effects in hepatomas. The present study investigated whether matrine suppressed eosinophil infiltration and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in mice, and decreased the inflammatory response of tracheal epithelial cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin to induce allergic asthma in mice. These asthmatic mice were given various doses of matrine by intraperitoneal injection. Additionally, activated human tracheal epithelial cells (BEAS-2B cells) were treated with matrine, and evaluated for levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. RESULTS We found that matrine significantly decreased AHR, and suppressed goblet cell hyperplasia, eosinophil infiltration, and inflammatory response in the lung tissue of asthmatic mice. Matrine also reduced the levels of Th2 cytokines and chemokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and suppressed OVA-IgE production in serum. Furthermore, matrine treatment of activated BEAS-2B cells decreased production of proinflammatory cytokines and eotaxins, as well as suppressed ICAM-1 expression and thus adhesion of eosinophils to inflammatory BEAS-2B cells in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that matrine can improve allergic asthma in mice, and therefore has potential therapeutic potential in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chi Chan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedica Science, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ju Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chen Chen
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-yuan, Taiwan
| | - Jiann-Jong Shen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Lin-Kuo, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ling Kuo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedica Science, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chun Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedica Science, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chian-Jiun Liou
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Wun ZY, Lin CF, Huang WC, Huang YL, Xu PY, Chang WT, Wu SJ, Liou CJ. Anti-inflammatory effect of sophoraflavanone G isolated from Sophora flavescens in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mouse macrophages. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 62:255-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.08.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Revised: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
40
|
Kim H, Kim M, Kim H, Lee GS, An WG, Cho SI. Anti-inflammatory activities of Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz., root bark on allergic contact dermatitis induced by dinitrofluorobenzene in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 149:471-477. [PMID: 23850712 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Revised: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The root bark of Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz. is widely used as a medicinal herb for treatment of skin diseases such as eczema, pruritus and urticaria in China, Japan and Korea. MATERIALS AND METHODS We investigated the effects of methanol extract of Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz., root bark (MEDD) on ear thickness, ear weights, histopathological changes such as hyperplasia, edema, spongiosis and immune cell infiltration and cytokine productions in 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB)-induced contact dermatitis (CD) mice. We also investigated its effects on degranulation of histamine and β-hexosaminidase and related mechanisms using RBL-2H3 cells. RESULTS Topical application of MEDD effectively inhibited enlargement of ear thickness and weight (P<0.05). MEDD treatment also inhibited hyperplasia, edema and spongiosis induced by DNFB. Treatment with 300 μg/ear of MEDD suppressed the increase in IFN-γ and TNF-α levels (P<0.05). In addition, treatment with >50 μg/mL MEDD reduced the level of β-hexosaminidase release, while >100 μg/mL MEDD lowered the level of histamine release in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). Finally, MEDD treatment prevented phosphorylation of p38 MAPK induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and calcium ionophore A23187 in RBL-2H3 cells. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that root bark of Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz. has the potential for use in the treatment of allergic skin diseases. Furthermore, they suggest that root bark of Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz. is involved in decreasing degranulation of MCs via inhibition of the p38 MAPK pathway as well as in the inhibition of Th1 skewing reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyungwoo Kim
- School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Pusan 626-870, South Korea.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Add-on effect of chinese herbal medicine bath to phototherapy for psoriasis vulgaris: a systematic review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:673078. [PMID: 23983796 PMCID: PMC3745880 DOI: 10.1155/2013/673078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis vulgaris is the most common form of psoriasis. Phototherapy has been proven effective for psoriasis, but side effects have become a concern. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) bath combined with phototherapy has been used in clinical settings, but the additional benefit requires evaluation. This review aims to evaluate the additional benefit and safety of adding CHM bath to phototherapy for psoriasis vulgaris. Cochrane library, PubMed, Embase, CNKI, and CQVIP were searched from their inceptions to 6 August 2012. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing CHM bath plus phototherapy to phototherapy alone for psoriasis vulgaris were included. Data was analyzed using Review Manager 5.1.0. Thirteen RCTs were included in the review, and eight were included in the meta-analysis. Meta-analysis showed higher efficacy of CHM bath plus phototherapy when compared with phototherapy alone in terms of PASI 60 (RR 1.25; 95% CI: 1.18-1.32). Mild adverse events were reported in ten studies, but these could be alleviated by reducing UV dosage or applying emollient. In conclusion, CHM bath appears to be a beneficial and safe adjunctive therapy to phototherapy for psoriasis vulgaris. However, these results should be interpreted with caution due to the low methodological quality of the included studies.
Collapse
|
42
|
Deng S, May BH, Zhang AL, Lu C, Xue CCL. Topical Herbal Formulae in the Management of Psoriasis: Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis of Clinical Studies and Investigation of the Pharmacological Actions of the Main Herbs. Phytother Res 2013; 28:480-97. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiqiang Deng
- School of Health Sciences, and Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Program, Health Innovations Research Institute; RMIT University; Bundoora VIC 3083 Australia
| | - Brian H. May
- School of Health Sciences, and Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Program, Health Innovations Research Institute; RMIT University; Bundoora VIC 3083 Australia
| | - Anthony L. Zhang
- School of Health Sciences, and Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Program, Health Innovations Research Institute; RMIT University; Bundoora VIC 3083 Australia
| | - Chuanjian Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences & Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou China
| | - Charlie C. L. Xue
- School of Health Sciences, and Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Program, Health Innovations Research Institute; RMIT University; Bundoora VIC 3083 Australia
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences & Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Kim BJ. Involvement of Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 7 Channels in Sophorae Radix-induced Apoptosis in Cancer Cells: Sophorae Radix and TRPM7. J Pharmacopuncture 2012; 15:31-8. [PMID: 25780645 PMCID: PMC4331944 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2012.15.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Sophorae Radix (SR) plays a role in a number of physiologic and pharmacologic functions in many organs. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to clarify the potential role for transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7) channels in SR-inhibited growth and survival of AGS and MCF-7 cells, the most common human gastric and breast adenocarcinoma cell lines. METHODS The AGS and the MCF-7 cells were treated with varying concentrations of SR. Analyses of the caspase-3 and - 9 activity, the mitochondrial depolarization and the poly (ADPribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage were conducted to determine if AGS and MCF-7 cell death occured by apoptosis. TRPM7 channel blockers (Gd(3+) or 2-APB) and small interfering RNA (siRNA) were used in this study to confirm the role of TRPM7 channels. Furthermore, TRPM7 channels were overexpressed in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells to identify the role of TRPM7 channels in AGS and MCF-7 cell growth and survival. RESULTS The addition of SR to a culture medium inhibited AGS and MCF-7 cell growth and survival. Experimental results showed that the caspase-3 and -9 activity, the mitochondrial depolarization, and the degree of PARP cleavage was increased. TRPM7 channel blockade, either by Gd(3+) or 2-APB or by suppressing TRPM7 expression with small interfering RNA, blocked the SR-induced inhibition of cell growth and survival. Furthermore, TRPM7 channel overexpression in HEK 293 cells exacerbated SR-induced cell death. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that SR inhibits the growth and survival of gastric and breast cancer cells due to a blockade of the TRPM7 channel activity. Therefore, TRPM7 channels may play an important role in the survival of patients with gastric and breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Byung Joo Kim
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| |
Collapse
|