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Jia T, Zhang W, Cao L, Zhu W, Fan L. Comparative analysis of energy homeostasis regulation at different altitudes in Hengduan Mountain of red-backed vole, Eothenomys miletus, during high-fat diet acclimation: examining gut microbial and physiological interactions. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1434346. [PMID: 39050639 PMCID: PMC11266106 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1434346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to explore the similarities and differences in gut microorganisms and their functions in regulating body mass in Eothenomys miletus across different altitudes in the Hengduan Mountains when exposed to a high-fat diet. Eothenomys miletus specimens were gathered from Dali (DL) and Xianggelila (XGLL) in Yunnan Province, China, and categorized into control, high-fat (1 week of high-fat diet), and re-feeding groups (1 week of high-fat diet followed by 2 weeks of standard food). The analysis utilized 16S rRNA sequencing to assess the diversity and structure of intestinal microbial communities in E. miletus. The investigation focused on the impact of high-fat diet consumption and different altitudes on gut microbial diversity, structure, and physiological markers. Results revealed that a high-fat diet influenced the beta diversity of gut microorganisms in E. miletus, leading to variations in microbial community structure between the two regions with different altitudes. High-fat food significantly affected body mass, white adipose tissue mass, triglycerides, and leptin levels, but not food intake. Specific intestinal microorganisms were observed in the high-fat groups, aiding in food digestion and being enriched in particular flora. In particular, microbial genera like Lactobacillus and Hylemonella were enriched in the high-fat group of DL. The enriched microbiota in the control group was associated with plant polysaccharide and cellulose decomposition. Following a high-fat diet, gut microbiota adapted to support lipid metabolism and energy supply, while upon re-feeding, the focus shifted back to cellulose digestion. These findings suggested that alterations in gut microbial composition, alongside physiological markers, play a vital role in adaptation of E. miletus to the diverse habitats of the Hengduan Mountains at varying altitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Jia
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Adaptive Evolution and Conservation on Animals–Plants in Southwest Mountain Ecosystem of Yunnan Province Higher Institutes College, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Adaptive Evolution and Conservation on Animals–Plants in Southwest Mountain Ecosystem of Yunnan Province Higher Institutes College, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China
| | - Lijuan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Adaptive Evolution and Conservation on Animals–Plants in Southwest Mountain Ecosystem of Yunnan Province Higher Institutes College, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China
- Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province for Biomass Energy and Environment Biotechnology, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China
| | - Wanlong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Adaptive Evolution and Conservation on Animals–Plants in Southwest Mountain Ecosystem of Yunnan Province Higher Institutes College, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China
- Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province for Biomass Energy and Environment Biotechnology, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China
| | - Lixian Fan
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Adaptive Evolution and Conservation on Animals–Plants in Southwest Mountain Ecosystem of Yunnan Province Higher Institutes College, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China
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Zhang JG, Zhang Y, Yang G, Zhang WW, Thakur K, Ni ZJ, Wei ZJ. Carboxymethylated Lycium barbarum seed dreg dietary fiber alleviates high fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia in mice via intestinal regulation. Food Funct 2024; 15:6955-6965. [PMID: 38864520 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo02123a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the ameliorative gut modulatory effect of carboxymethylated Lycium barbarum seed dreg insoluble dietary fiber (LBSDIDF) on hyperlipidemic mice. After seven weeks of insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) intervention, the results demonstrated that IDFs effectively inhibited body weight gain, with slimming and hypolipidemic effects, and improved liver histopathology by decreasing ALT, AST, TNF-α and IL-6, and increasing short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels in hyperlipidemic mice. With the increasing diversity and abundance of intestinal bacteria and decreasing ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes, intestinal flora facilitated cholesterol lowering effects in hyperlipidemic mice. Our research offers a novel concept for the use of LBSDIDF as a prebiotic to improve intestinal dysbiosis or as a preventive measure against obesity and dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Guo Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China.
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Ningxia Key Laboratory for the Development and Application of Microbial Resources in Extreme Environments, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Gang Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wang-Wei Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kiran Thakur
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China.
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Ningxia Key Laboratory for the Development and Application of Microbial Resources in Extreme Environments, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Jing Ni
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Ningxia Key Laboratory for the Development and Application of Microbial Resources in Extreme Environments, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Jun Wei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China.
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Ningxia Key Laboratory for the Development and Application of Microbial Resources in Extreme Environments, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, People's Republic of China
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Chen L, Jiang Q, Yao S, Jiang C, Lu H, Hu W, Yu S, Li M, Feng Y, Tan CP, Xiang X, Shen G. Sciadonic acid ameliorates cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression by modulating the immune response and altering the gut microbiota. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:3902-3912. [PMID: 38264943 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclophosphamide (Cy) is a frequently used chemotherapeutic drug, but long-term Cy treatment can cause immunosuppression and intestinal mucosal damage. The intestinal mucosal barrier and gut flora play important roles in regulating host metabolism, maintaining physiological functions and protecting immune homeostasis. Dysbiosis of the intestinal flora affects the development of the intestinal microenvironment, as well as the development of various external systemic diseases and metabolic syndrome. RESULTS The present study investigated the influence of sciadonic acid (SA) on Cy-induced immunosuppression in mice. The results showed that SA gavage significantly alleviated Cy-induced immune damage by improving the immune system organ index, immune response and oxidative stress. Moreover, SA restored intestinal morphology, improved villus integrity and activated the nuclear factor κB signaling pathway, stimulated cytokine production, and reduced serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels. Furthermore, gut microbiota analysis indicated that SA increased t beneficial bacteria (Alistipes, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Rikenella and Odoribacter) and decreased pathogenic bacteria (norank-f-Oscillospiraceae, Ruminococcus and Desulfovibrio) to maintain intestinal homeostasis. CONCLUSION The present study provided new insights into the SA regulation of intestinal flora to enhance immune responses. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- Institute of Sericultural and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qihong Jiang
- Institute of Sericultural and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shiwei Yao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenkai Jiang
- Institute of Sericultural and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongling Lu
- Institute of Sericultural and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenjun Hu
- Institute of Sericultural and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaofang Yu
- Institute of Sericultural and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingqian Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Treatment Technology of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongcai Feng
- Zhuji Lvkang Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shaoxing, China
| | - Chin Ping Tan
- Zhuji Lvkang Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shaoxing, China
| | - Xingwei Xiang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoxin Shen
- Institute of Sericultural and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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Zhang Q, Zeng R, Tang J, Jiang X, Zhu C. The "crosstalk" between microbiota and metabolomic profile in high-fat-diet-induced obese mice supplemented with Bletilla striata polysaccharides and composite polysaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:130018. [PMID: 38331057 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The potential prebiotic feature of Bletilla striata polysaccharides (BSP) has been widely accepted, while the beneficial effect of BSP on high-fat-diet-induced obesity is unclear. Moreover, the "crosstalk" between microbiota and metabolomic profile in high-fat-diet-induced obese mice supplemented with BSP still need to be further explored. The present study attempted to illustrate the effect of BSP and/or composite polysaccharides on high-fat-diet-induced obese mice by combining multi-matrix (feces, urine, liver) metabolomics and gut microbiome. The results showed that BSP and/or composite polysaccharides were able to reduce the abnormal weight gain induced by high-fat diet. A total of 175 molecules were characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) in feces, urine and liver, suggesting that multi-matrix metabolomics could provide a comprehensive view of metabolic regulatory mechanism of BSP in high-fat-diet-induced obese mice. Several pathways were altered in response to BSP supplementation, mainly pertaining to amino acid, purine, pyrimidine, ascorbate and aldarate metabolisms. In addition, BSP ameliorated high-fat-diet-induced imbalanced gut microbiome, by lowering the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes. Significant correlations were illustrated between particular microbiota's features and specific metabolites. Overall, the anti-obesity effect of BSP could be attributed to the amelioration of the disorders of gut microbiota and to the regulation of the "gut-liver axis" metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Rui Zeng
- College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Junni Tang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaole Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chenglin Zhu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Zhao K, Wu X, Han G, Sun L, Zheng C, Hou H, Xu BB, El-Bahy ZM, Qian C, Kallel M, Algadi H, Guo Z, Shi Z. Phyllostachys nigra (Lodd. ex Lindl.) derived polysaccharide with enhanced glycolipid metabolism regulation and mice gut microbiome. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128588. [PMID: 38048922 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on the characterization and regulation of glycolipid metabolism of polysaccharides derived from biomass of Phyllostachys nigra (Lodd. ex Lindl.) root (PNr). The extracts from dilute hydrochloric acid, hot water, and 2 % sodium hydroxide solution were characterized through molecular weight, gel permeation chromatography, monosaccharides, Fourier transform infrared, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy analyses. Polysaccharide from alkali extraction and molecular sieve purification (named as: PNS2A) exhibited optimal inhibitory of 3T3-L1 cellular differentiation and lowered insulin resistance. The PNS2A is made of a hemicellulose-like main chain of →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→ that was connected by branches of 4-O-Me-α-GlcAp-(1→, T-α-D-Galp-(1→, T-α-L-Araf-(1→, →2)-α-L-Araf-(1→, as well as β-D-Glcp-(1→4-β-D-Glcp-(1→ fragments. Oral delivery of PNS2A in diabetes mice brought down blood glucose and cholesterol levels and regulated glucose and lipid metabolism. PNS2A alleviated diabetes symptoms and body weight and protected liver and kidney function in model animals by altering the gut microbiome. Polysaccharides can be a new approach to develop bamboo resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Zhao
- College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Xueyi Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second People's Hospital of Guiyang, Guiyyang 550081, China
| | - Guiqi Han
- State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Regimen and Health, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Faculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Changwen Zheng
- State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Regimen and Health, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, China
| | - Hua Hou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Ben Bin Xu
- Department of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Zeinhom M El-Bahy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11884, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Cheng Qian
- College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Mohamed Kallel
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Algadi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Najran University, Najran 11001, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhanhu Guo
- Department of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK.
| | - Zhengjun Shi
- College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
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Huang Q, Zhang Y, Chu Q, Song H. The Influence of Polysaccharides on Lipid Metabolism: Insights from Gut Microbiota. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300522. [PMID: 37933720 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Polysaccharides are complex molecules of more than ten monosaccharide residues interconnected through glycosidic linkages formed via condensation reactions. Polysaccharides are widely distributed in various food resources and have gained considerable attention due to their diverse biological activities. This review presented a critical analysis of the existing research literature on anti-obesity polysaccharides and investigates the complex interplay between their lipid-lowering activity and the gut microbiota, aiming to provide a comprehensive overview of the lipid-lowering properties of polysaccharides and the underlying mechanisms of action. METHODS AND RESULTS In this review, the study summarized the roles of polysaccharides in improving lipid metabolism via gut microbiota, including the remodeling of the intestinal barrier, reduction of inflammation, inhibition of pathogenic bacteria, reduction of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) production, and regulation of the metabolism of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and bile acids (BAs). CONCLUSION These mechanisms collectively contributed to the beneficial effects of polysaccharides on lipid metabolism and overall metabolic health. Furthermore, polysaccharide-based nanocarriers combined with gut microbiota have broad prospects for developing targeted and personalized therapies for hyperlipidemia and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Huang
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yanhui Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qiang Chu
- Tea Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Haizhao Song
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, 210023, China
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Mora-Flores LP, Moreno-Terrazas Casildo R, Fuentes-Cabrera J, Pérez-Vicente HA, de Anda-Jáuregui G, Neri-Torres EE. The Role of Carbohydrate Intake on the Gut Microbiome: A Weight of Evidence Systematic Review. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1728. [PMID: 37512899 PMCID: PMC10385781 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Carbohydrates are the most important source of nutritional energy for the human body. Carbohydrate digestion, metabolism, and their role in the gut microbiota modulation are the focus of multiple studies. The objective of this weight of evidence systematic review is to investigate the potential relationship between ingested carbohydrates and the gut microbiota composition at different taxonomic levels. (2) Methods: Weight of evidence and information value techniques were used to evaluate the relationship between dietary carbohydrates and the relative abundance of different bacterial taxa in the gut microbiota. (3) Results: The obtained results show that the types of carbohydrates that have a high information value are: soluble fiber with Bacteroides increase, insoluble fiber with Bacteroides and Actinobacteria increase, and Firmicutes decrease. Oligosaccharides with Lactobacillus increase and Enterococcus decrease. Gelatinized starches with Prevotella increase. Starches and resistant starches with Blautia decrease and Firmicutes increase. (4) Conclusions: This work provides, for the first time, an integrative review of the subject by using statistical techniques that have not been previously employed in microbiota reviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena P Mora-Flores
- Laboratorio de Biopolímeros, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Industrial y de Alimentos-Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico
| | - Rubén Moreno-Terrazas Casildo
- Laboratorio de Microbiología, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Industrial y de Alimentos-Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico
| | - José Fuentes-Cabrera
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Industrial y de Alimentos-Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico
| | - Hugo Alexer Pérez-Vicente
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Industrial y de Alimentos-Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico
| | - Guillermo de Anda-Jáuregui
- Computational Genomics Division, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Ciudad de México 14610, Mexico
- Center for Complexity Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
- Programa de Cátedras CONACYT, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Ciudad de México 03940, Mexico
| | - Elier Ekberg Neri-Torres
- Laboratorio de Biopolímeros, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Industrial y de Alimentos-Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Microbiología, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Industrial y de Alimentos-Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico
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Zhang Q, Cheng J, Jiang X, Tang J, Zhu C, Chen H, Laghi L. Metabolomic Characteristics of Cecum Contents in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obese Mice Intervened with Different Fibers. Foods 2023; 12:foods12071403. [PMID: 37048225 PMCID: PMC10093315 DOI: 10.3390/foods12071403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effect of single or mixed fibers (arabinoxylan, β-glucan, xyloglucan, and inulin) on the metabolome of cecum content in mice with obesity caused by a high-fat diet. Twenty-eight six-week-old male mice were divided randomly into seven groups (n = 4/group), including a normal-diet group (CON), a high-fat-diet group (HFD), and groups with the same high-fat diet but supplemented with arabinoxylan (HFAX), arabinoxylan + β-glucan (HFAβ), arabinoxylan + xyloglucan (HFAG), xyloglucan (HFXG), and xyloglucan + inulin (HFXI). A total of 66 molecules were identified and quantified in cecum content by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H-NMR). The metabolomic profiles combined with statistical analysis revealed compounds distinguishing the control group from those supplemented with fibers. In detail, a high-fat diet could significantly elevate the concentrations of acetone and methionine (p < 0.05) while decreasing the levels of methanol, arabinose, acetate, and 3-hydroxyphenylacetate (p < 0.05) in the cecum contents of mice. Compared to HFD, the supplementation caused higher levels of fumarate and hypoxanthine (p < 0.05) and lower levels of phenylacetate, acetate, fucose, formate, proline, betaine, and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) (p < 0.05). An enrichment analysis highlighted that the pathways mainly altered were amino sugar metabolism, aspartate metabolism, and arginine and proline metabolism. In conclusion, non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) supplementation could change the metabolomic profiles of cecum contents in obese mice as a result of a high-fat diet. Moreover, mixed NSPs exhibited more beneficial effects than singular form on gut metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jinhua Cheng
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China
| | - Xiaole Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Junni Tang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chenglin Zhu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: (C.Z.); (H.C.); Tel.: +86-028-85928478 (C.Z.); +86-0835-2882212 (H.C.)
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China
- Correspondence: (C.Z.); (H.C.); Tel.: +86-028-85928478 (C.Z.); +86-0835-2882212 (H.C.)
| | - Luca Laghi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, 47521 Cesena, Italy
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He G, Chen T, Huang L, Zhang Y, Feng Y, Qu S, Yin X, Liang L, Yan J, Liu W. Tremella fuciformis polysaccharide reduces obesity in high-fat diet-fed mice by modulation of gut microbiota. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1073350. [PMID: 36545204 PMCID: PMC9760882 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1073350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a metabolic disease associated with gut microbiota and low-grade chronic inflammation. Tremella fuciformis is a medicinal and edible fungus; polysaccharide (TP) is the main active component, which has a variety of biological activities, such as hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic. However, the anti-obesity effects and potential mechanisms of TP have never been reported. This study was conducted to elucidate the inhibitory effect of TP on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in mice. Mice were split into five groups: normal chow diet (NCD) group, NCD_TP_H group, HFD group, HFD_TP_L group and HFD_TP_H group. Our study showed that TP inhibited high-fat diet-induced weight gain and fat accumulation in mice and reduced blood glucose, hyperlipidemia and inflammation. TP also improved gut microbiota disorders by reducing the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and modulating the relative abundance of specific gut microbiota. We also found that the anti-obesity and gut microbiota-modulating effects of TP could be transferred to HFD-fed mice via faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), confirming that the gut microbiota was one of the targets of TP for obesity inhibition. Further studies showed that TP increased the production of short-chain fatty acids and the secretion of intestinal hormones. Our studies showed that TP inhibited obesity by modulating inflammation and the microbe-gut-brain axis, providing a rationale for developing TP to treat obesity and its complications.
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Chen J, Zou Y, Zheng T, Huang S, Guo L, Lin J, Zheng Q. The in Vitro Fermentation of Cordyceps militaris Polysaccharides Changed the Simulated Gut Condition and Influenced Gut Bacterial Motility and Translocation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:14193-14204. [PMID: 36305603 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c05785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The motility ability of intestinal lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-producing bacteria determines their translocation to the enterohepatic circulation and works as an infectious complication. In this study, the health effects of Cordyceps militaris polysaccharides (CMPs) were re-evaluated based on whether these polysaccharides could affect the motility of gut commensal LPS-producing bacteria and impede their translocation. The results showed that CMP-m fermentation in the gut could change the chemical environment, leading to a decrease in velocity and a shift in the motility pattern. Further study suggested that detachment/fragmentation of flagella, decreased motor forces, and changed chemical conditions might account for this weakened motility. The adhesion and invasion abilities of gut bacteria were also reduced, with lower expression of virulence-related genes. These results indicated that the health regulation effects of CMP-m might be through decreasing the motility of LPS-producing bacteria, hindering their translocation and therefore reducing the LPS level in the enterohepatic circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieming Chen
- Institute of Food Biotechnology and College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
- Research Center for Micro-Ecological Agent Engineering and Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yuan Zou
- Institute of Food Biotechnology and College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
- Research Center for Micro-Ecological Agent Engineering and Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Taotao Zheng
- Institute of Food Biotechnology and College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
- Research Center for Micro-Ecological Agent Engineering and Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Shishi Huang
- Institute of Food Biotechnology and College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
- Research Center for Micro-Ecological Agent Engineering and Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Liqiong Guo
- Institute of Food Biotechnology and College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
- Research Center for Micro-Ecological Agent Engineering and Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Junfang Lin
- Institute of Food Biotechnology and College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
- Research Center for Micro-Ecological Agent Engineering and Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Qianwang Zheng
- Institute of Food Biotechnology and College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
- Research Center for Micro-Ecological Agent Engineering and Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510640, China
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11
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Ethanol Extract of Licorice Alleviates HFD-Induced Liver Fat Accumulation in Association with Modulation of Gut Microbiota and Intestinal Metabolites in Obesity Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194180. [PMID: 36235833 PMCID: PMC9572531 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
As a traditional Chinese medicine, licorice is often used in functional foods for its health benefits. However, the role of gut microbiota in the efficacy of licorice has not yet been fully elucidated. We hypothesized that the involvement of intestinal flora may be a key link in licorice ethanol extract (LEE)-induced health benefits. The aim of this study was to investigate whether LEE improves hepatic lipid accumulation in obese mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and whether the gut microbiota plays a key role in LEE treatment. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed HFD for liver fat accumulation and then treated with LEE. The same experiments were later performed using pseudo-sterile mice to verify the importance of gut flora. Supplementation with LEE improved the obesity profile, lipid profile and liver fat accumulation in HFD mice. In addition, LEE treatment improved intestinal flora dysbiosis caused by HFD in mice, as evidenced by a decrease in the percentage of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes and an increase in the abundance of known anti-obesity-related bacteria. However, LEE failed to exhibit a therapeutic effect in pseudo-sterile mice. The results of the cellular assay showed that glycyrrhetic acid (GA), the main conversion product of glycyrrhizin (GL), was more effective in reducing fat accumulation and intracellular TG content in hepatocytes compared to GL. In conclusion, our data suggest that LEE attenuates obesity and hepatic fat accumulation in HFD mice, which may be associated with modulating the composition of gut microbiota and the conversion of LLE by the intestinal flora.
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12
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13
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Xiao M, Jia X, Wang N, Kang J, Hu X, Goff HD, Cui SW, Ding H, Guo Q. Therapeutic potential of non-starch polysaccharides on type 2 diabetes: from hypoglycemic mechanism to clinical trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:1177-1210. [PMID: 36036965 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2113366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs) have been reported to exert therapeutic potential on managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Various mechanisms have been proposed; however, several studies have not considered the correlations between the anti-T2DM activity of NSPs and their molecular structure. Moreover, the current understanding of the role of NSPs in T2DM treatment is mainly based on in vitro and in vivo data, and more human clinical trials are required to verify the actual efficacy in treating T2DM. The related anti-T2DM mechanisms of NSPs, including regulating insulin action, promoting glucose metabolism and regulating postprandial blood glucose level, anti-inflammatory and regulating gut microbiota (GM), are reviewed. The structure-function relationships are summarized, and the relationships between NSPs structure and anti-T2DM activity from clinical trials are highlighted. The development of anti-T2DM medication or dietary supplements of NSPs could be promoted with an in-depth understanding of the multiple regulatory effects in the treatment/intervention of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Nifei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Ji Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinzhong Hu
- College of Food Engineering & Nutrition Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi, China
| | | | - Steve W Cui
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, AAFC, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Qingbin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
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14
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Zhang M, Liu J, Li C, Gao J, Xu C, Wu X, Xu T, Cui C, Wei H, Peng J, Zheng R. Functional Fiber Reduces Mice Obesity by Regulating Intestinal Microbiota. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132676. [PMID: 35807856 PMCID: PMC9268532 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity may cause metabolic syndrome and has become a global public health problem, and dietary fibers (DF) could alleviate obesity and metabolic syndrome by regulating intestinal microbiota. We developed a functional fiber (FF) with a synthetic mixture of polysaccharides, high viscosity, water-binding capacity, swelling capacity, and fermentability. This study aimed to investigate the effect of FF on obesity and to determine its prevention of obesity by modulating the gut microbiota. Physiological, histological, and biochemical parameters, and gut microbiota composition were investigated in the following six groups: control group (Con), high-fat diet group (HFD), low-fat diet group (LFD, conversion of HFD to LFD), high-fat +8% FF group (8% FF), high-fat +12% FF group (12% FF), and high-fat +12% FF + antibiotic group (12% FF + AB). The results demonstrated that 12% FF could promote a reduction in body weight and epididymal adipocyte area, augment insulin sensitivity, and stimulate heat production from brown adipose tissue (BAT) (p < 0.05). Compared with the HFD, 12% FF could also significantly improve the intestinal morphological integrity, attenuate systemic inflammation, promote intestinal microbiota homeostasis, and stabilize the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) (p < 0.05). Consistent with the results of 12% FF, the LFD could significantly reduce the body weight and epididymal adipocyte area relative to the HFD (p < 0.05), but the LFD and HFD showed no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the level of inflammation and SCFAs. Meanwhile, 12% FF supplementation showed an increase (p < 0.05) in the abundance of the Bifidobacterium, Lactococcus, and Coprococcus genus in the intestine, which had a negative correlation with obesity and insulin resistance. Additionally, the treatment with antibiotics (12% FF + AB) could inhibit the effect of FF in the HFD. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) function prediction revealed that 12% FF could significantly inhibit the cyanogenic amino acid metabolic pathway and decrease the serum succinate concentration relative to the HFD group. The overall results indicate that 12% FF has the potential to reduce obesity through the beneficial regulation of the gut microbiota and metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Zhang
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (M.Z.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (J.G.); (T.X.)
| | - Jianhua Liu
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (M.Z.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (J.G.); (T.X.)
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (M.Z.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (J.G.); (T.X.)
| | - Jianwei Gao
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (M.Z.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (J.G.); (T.X.)
| | - Chuanhui Xu
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (C.X.); (X.W.); (C.C.); (H.W.); (J.P.)
| | - Xiaoyu Wu
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (C.X.); (X.W.); (C.C.); (H.W.); (J.P.)
| | - Tiesheng Xu
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (M.Z.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (J.G.); (T.X.)
| | - Chenbin Cui
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (C.X.); (X.W.); (C.C.); (H.W.); (J.P.)
| | - Hongkui Wei
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (C.X.); (X.W.); (C.C.); (H.W.); (J.P.)
| | - Jian Peng
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (C.X.); (X.W.); (C.C.); (H.W.); (J.P.)
- The Cooperative Innovation Centre for Sustainable Pig Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Rong Zheng
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (M.Z.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (J.G.); (T.X.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-134-1952-7039
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15
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Qiao L, Zhang X, Pi S, Chang J, Dou X, Yan S, Song X, Chen Y, Zeng X, Zhu L, Xu C. Dietary supplementation with biogenic selenium nanoparticles alleviate oxidative stress-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction. NPJ Sci Food 2022; 6:30. [PMID: 35739196 PMCID: PMC9226128 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-022-00145-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient that promotes body health. Endemic Se deficiency is a major nutritional challenge worldwide. The low toxicity, high bioavailability, and unique properties of biogenic Se nanoparticles (SeNPs) allow them to be used as a therapeutic drug and Se nutritional supplement. This study was conducted to investigate the regulatory effects of dietary SeNPs supplementation on the oxidative stress-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction and its association with mitochondrial function and gut microbiota in mice. The effects of dietary SeNPs on intestinal barrier function and antioxidant capacity and its correlation with gut microbiota were further evaluated by a fecal microbiota transplantation experiment. The results showed that Se deficiency caused a redox imbalance, increased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, altered the composition of the gut microbiota, and impaired mitochondrial structure and function, and intestinal barrier injury. Exogenous supplementation with biogenic SeNPs effectively alleviated diquat-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction by enhancing the antioxidant capacity, inhibiting the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), preventing the impairment of mitochondrial structure and function, regulating the immune response, maintaining intestinal microbiota homeostasis by regulating nuclear factor (erythroid-derived-2)-like 2 (Nrf2)-mediated NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) signaling pathway. In addition, Se deficiency resulted in a gut microbiota phenotype that is more susceptible to diquat-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction. Supranutritional SeNPs intake can optimize the gut microbiota to protect against intestinal dysfunctions. This study demonstrates that dietary supplementation of SeNPs can prevent oxidative stress-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction through its regulation of mitochondria and gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qiao
- The Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- The Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Shanyao Pi
- The Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Jiajing Chang
- The Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Xina Dou
- The Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Shuqi Yan
- The Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Xiaofan Song
- The Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Yue Chen
- The Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Xiaonan Zeng
- The Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Lixu Zhu
- The Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Chunlan Xu
- The Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China.
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16
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Tao W, Cao W, Yu B, Chen H, Gong R, Luorong Q, Luo J, Yao L, Zhang D. Hawk tea prevents high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice by activating the AMPK/ACC/SREBP1c signaling pathways and regulating the gut microbiota. Food Funct 2022; 13:6056-6071. [PMID: 35437540 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo04260b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Scope: Hawk tea, a non-Camellia tea, is an ancient tea drink from southwest China and has been proven to exhibit significant hypoglycaemic and lipid-lowering effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether Hawk tea extract (HTE) can improve obesity induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) in a mouse model and to determine whether its anti-obesity effects are related to improvements in lipid metabolism and the gut microbiota. Methods and results: We tested the ability of HTE to prevent obesity and regulate gut microbiota in C57BL/6J mice fed with a HFD. We found that HTE significantly reduced body weight, fat deposition, serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, and significantly increased serum levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) induced by HFD. HTE also increased the levels of AMPK and ACC phosphorylation, up-regulated the expression of CPT-1, and downregulated the expression of SREBP1c and FAS. In addition, the administration of HTE significantly altered the composition of the gut microbiota, reduced the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes, increased the relative abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila, Bacteroides-vulgatus, and Faecalibaculum_rodentium, and decreased the relative abundance of Desulfovibrionaceae and Lachnospiraceae. Conclusions: Collectively, our data demonstrate that HTE can prevent HFD-induced obesity by regulating the AMPK/ACC/SREBP1c signaling pathways and the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Weiguo Cao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.,The Lab of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Bao Yu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Huan Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ruixue Gong
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Quji Luorong
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Juan Luo
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ling Yao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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17
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Cai Q, Song Y, Wang S, Wang W, Sun X, Yu J, Wei Y. Functional yogurt fermented by two-probiotics regulates blood lipid and weight in a high-fat diet mouse model. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14248. [PMID: 35638246 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the blood lipid regulation effects and mechanism of a functional Natto yogurt in a high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia mouse model. Natto yogurt was characteristically fermented by Bacillus natto and Lactobacillus plantarum with milk-soy dual protein as substrates. After 5 weeks of Natto yogurt consumption, the body weight, fat, and liver weight of mice were significantly improved, while serum levels of TG, TC, LDL, ALT, TBIL, and TBA were reduced. Natto yogurt significantly decreased the area of liver fat infiltration and the number of lipid droplets. In mechanism, we found that Natto yogurt can inhibit fatty acid synthesis and enhance fatty acid catabolism by regulating the expression of PPARα, PPARγ, CD36 and FAS in the liver. Moreover, Natto yogurt increased the ratio of Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes in the intestine. These results provide a possibility for Natto yogurt as a dual protein functional food to prevent and treat hyperlipidemia and obesity. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Traditional-fermented yogurt promotes nutritional absorption and reduces blood pressure and fat, while Bacillus natto and its fermented food have been proved to play a significant role in improving cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and obesity. Therefore, we developed a new dual protein functional yogurt (Natto yogurt) fermented by B. natto and Lactobacillus plantarum with milk and soy as substrates. We found that Natto yogurt could notably regulate blood lipid by inhibiting the synthesis of fatty acids, accelerating the catabolism of fatty acids, reducing liver damage, and increasing the abundance of beneficial intestinal microorganisms. This study suggested that Natto yogurt could improve hyperlipidemia and obesity as a safe, effective, and healthy functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinling Cai
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yahui Song
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shanglong Wang
- Chenland Nutritionals, Incorporated, Invine, California, USA
| | - Weihong Wang
- Haisenbao (Yantai) Biotechnology Development Co., Ltd, Yantai, China
| | - Xiaopeng Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jia Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuxi Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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18
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Lan Y, Sun Q, Ma Z, Peng J, Zhang M, Wang C, Zhang X, Yan X, Chang L, Hou X, Qiao R, Mulati A, Zhou Y, Zhang Q, Liu Z, Liu X. Seabuckthorn polysaccharide ameliorates high-fat diet-induced obesity by gut microbiota-SCFAs-liver axis. Food Funct 2022; 13:2925-2937. [PMID: 35191457 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03147c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Obesity has been reported to be associated with gut microbiome dysbiosis. seabuckthorn fruits have traditionally been used in Tibetan foods and medicines for thousands of years. Seabuckthorn polysaccharide (SP) is one of the main functional components in seabuckthorn fruits. However, the effects of SP on a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity have not yet been elucidated. The purpose of this study is to explore the amelioration effect of SP on obesity induced by HFD and to reveal its mechanism of gut microbiota and its metabolites. Results showed that 12-week SP (0.1%, w/w) dietary supplementation could significantly reduce body weight gain, serum lipid level and liver triglycerides level in obese mice. Notably, the SP treatment elevated p-AMPKα and PPARα proteins expression stimulated the phosphorylation of ACC1 and inhibited the protein expression of FAS, PPARγ, and CD36 in the mice liver. Further, SP also reorganized the gut microbiome by up-regulating the proportion of Muribaculaceae_unclassified, Bifidobacterium, Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, Alistipes, and Bacteroides, and down-regulating the abundance of Lactobacillus, Firmicutes_unclassified, Dubosiella Bilophila, and Streptococcus in HFD-induced obese mice. Moreover, the production of microbial metabolites short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in feces has also increased. In addition, correlation analysis results showed that obesity-ameliorating effects of SP were highly associated with levels of SCFAs in feces. Therefore, the regulation of SP on liver lipid metabolism may be due to the variation of the gut microbiome and raised production of SCFAs. These results indicate that SP could play the part of a potential nutraceutical for ameliorating obesity through regulation of the gut-liver axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Lan
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Qingyang Sun
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Zhiyuan Ma
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Jing Peng
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Mengqi Zhang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Chi Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaotian Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xianfang Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Lili Chang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Xinglin Hou
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Ruixue Qiao
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Aiziguli Mulati
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Xuebo Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
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19
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Wu Y, Dong L, Song Y, Wu Y, Zhang Y, Wang S. Preventive effects of polysaccharides from Physalis alkekengi L. on dietary advanced glycation end product-induced insulin resistance in mice associated with the modulation of gut microbiota. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 204:204-214. [PMID: 35108598 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are commonly found in thermally processed foods, and long-term high AGE feeding has been reported to have negative effects on body health. In the current study, the effect of Physalis alkekengi L. fruit polysaccharide (PFP) on preventing dietary AGE-induced insulin resistance (IR) in mice was investigated. The results showed that PFP administration can significantly ameliorate hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance induced by dietary AGEs in mice. Compared to AGE-treated mice, the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index and insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IS) index of PFP-treated mice were improved significantly (p < 0.05). The levels of endotoxin and inflammatory cytokines in the liver decreased, while the levels of insulin receptor substrate-1 and insulin receptor substrate-2 in the liver increased (p < 0.05). The 16S rRNA analysis showed that PFP administration reversed the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio and reduced lipopolysaccharide generation and inflammation-related bacteria, including Desulfovibrio and Acetatifactor. In addition, PFP administration also increased short-chain fatty acid levels in feces compared to dietary AGE-treated mice. Spearman's correlation analysis showed that certain specific genera, including Alistipes and Caproiciproducens, are closely related to IR-related parameters. These findings suggest that PFP can prevent dietary AGE-induced IR by modulating the gut microbiota and increasing microbial metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuekun Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Lu Dong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yujie Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yajing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Shuo Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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20
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Xiang X, Jiang Q, Shao W, Li J, Zhou Y, Chen L, Deng S, Zheng B, Chen Y. Protective Effects of Shrimp Peptide on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Mice. Front Nutr 2021; 8:773064. [PMID: 34901119 PMCID: PMC8652227 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.773064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease, an intestinal relapsing inflammatory disease, not only impairs gastrointestinal function but also increases the chances of developing colon cancer. Currently, the effects of shrimp peptide (SP) in mice model of ulcerative colitis (UC) are still unclear. In particular, it is uncertain whether SP affects the gut flora with UC mice. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of SP on a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mouse model of UC. Firstly, the molecular weight of SP was mainly distributed in the range of 180-1,000 Da (61.95% proportion), and the amino acid composition showed that SP contained 17 amino acids, of which, the essential amino acids accounted for 54.50%. In vivo, oral SP significantly attenuated the severity of colitis, such as diarrhea, weight loss, and rectal bleeding. Furthermore, treatment with SP remarkably ameliorated intestinal barrier integrity, thus lowering the levels of the inflammatory cytokines and ameliorating antioxidant indices and intestinal injury indicators in the serum and colon. Lastly, the cecal contents were used to sequence and analyze the 16S rRNA genes of bacteria. Results suggested that treatment with SP could restore the balance of intestinal flora in modeled mice by regulating the abundance of pathogenic and beneficial bacteria. Furthermore, SP could significantly improve intestinal flora dysfunction in mice with UC. In summary, our findings show that SP has a prophylactic and therapeutic effect in UC in vivo, thereby highlighting its broad medicinal applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingwei Xiang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources Innovation and Development of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou, China
| | - Qihong Jiang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources Innovation and Development of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou, China
| | - Wan Shao
- Food and Pharmacy College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Jinhong Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources Innovation and Development of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yufang Zhou
- Zhejiang Marine Development Research Institute, Zhoushan, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Institute of Sericultural and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shanggui Deng
- Food and Pharmacy College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Bin Zheng
- Food and Pharmacy College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Yufeng Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources Innovation and Development of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou, China
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21
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Li F, Li Q, Zhang Y, Zhou X, Yi R, Zhao X. Effects of Xylooligosaccharides on Lipid Metabolism, Inflammation, and Gut Microbiota in C57BL/6J Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:791614. [PMID: 34880767 PMCID: PMC8645984 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.791614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Xylooligosaccharide (XOS) is a source of prebiotics with multiple biological activities. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of XOS on mice fed a high-fat diet. Mice were fed either a normal diet or a high-fat diet supplemented without or with XOS (250 and 500 mg/kg), respectively, for 12 weeks. The results showed that the XOS inhibited mouse weight gain, decreased the epididymal adipose index, and improved the blood lipid levels, including triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. Moreover, XOS reduced the activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alleviated the damage to the liver caused by the high-fat diet. XOS also reduced hyperlipidemia-associated inflammatory responses. Additionally, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction results showed that XOS intervention activated the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway to regulate the fat synthesis, decomposition, and β oxidation; upregulated the mRNA expression levels of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (CPT-1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors α (PPAR-α), and cholesterol 7-alpha hydroxylase (CYP7A1); and downregulated the mRNA expression levels of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα), and lipoprotein lipase (LPL). On the other hand, XOS enhanced the mRNA expression levels of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), occludin, and claudin-1 in the small intestine; increased the strength of the intestinal barrier; and optimized the composition of the intestinal microbiota. Therefore, it was concluded that XOS regulated the intestinal barrier, changed the intestinal microecology, and played an important role in preventing hyperlipidemia through the unique anatomical advantages of the gut-liver axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chongqing University Central Hospital/Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xianrong Zhou
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Ruokun Yi
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China
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22
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Effects of Tartary Buckwheat Protein on Gut Microbiome and Plasma Metabolite in Rats with High-Fat Diet. Foods 2021; 10:foods10102457. [PMID: 34681506 PMCID: PMC8535877 DOI: 10.3390/foods10102457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of lipid metabolism diseases, mainly obesity, fatty liver, and hyperlipidemia, is increasing in the world. Tartary buckwheat is a kind of medicinal and edible crop, and clinical experiments have also confirmed that dietary Tartary buckwheat can effectively regulate lipid metabolism disorders. Tartary buckwheat protein (TBP), as the main active ingredient of Tartary buckwheat, has an effect of blood lipid reduction that has been widely reported. In this paper, we investigated the constituents of TBP and then evaluated the hypolipidemic effect of TBP in hyperlipidemia rats. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were fed a high-fat diet for six weeks to induce hyperlipidemia and then given TBP orally for five weeks. The effects of TBP on body weight, serum lipids, liver lipids, liver oxidative stress, pathological organization, gut microbiota, and plasma metabolites were analyzed. At the serum level, TBP supplement significantly decrease the level of LDL-C and increase the level of HDL-C. At the liver level, it can reduce the levels of TC, TG, and LDL-C. The potential mechanism of action is, on the one hand, to increase the abundance of the Lachnospiraceae and the Ruminococcaceae by modulating the gut microbiota, facilitating the productivity of short-chain fatty acids, and increasing fecal bile acid excretion and, on the other hand, may be related to the improvement of bile acid metabolism.
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23
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Ke S, Yu Y, Xu Q, Zhang B, Wang S, Jin W, Wei B, Wang H. Composition-Activity Relationships of Polysaccharides from Saccharina japonica in Regulating Gut Microbiota in Short-Term High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:11121-11130. [PMID: 34498470 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Saccharina japonica polysaccharide could modulate gut microbiota composition; however, the composition-activity relationship remains unclear, thus restricting its application. In the current study, we investigated the impact of eight different S. japonica polysaccharide fractions on the gut microbiota after day 2 and day 14 treatments on high-fat diet (HFD) feeding mice. The results showed that a 2 day HFD dramatically altered gut microbiota composition, and the additional 12 day HFD further strengthened the gut microbiota dysbiosis in the HFD group. LjA-1 and LjA-3 could partially alleviate the dysbiosis of gut microbiota composition and significantly alter gut microbiota function. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the sulfate content and the molecular weight distributions were the main factors affecting the dominant gut bacterial genera. Our findings reveal that gut microbiota homeostasis could be disordered by HFD at day 2 and provide insights into the quantitative composition-activity relationships of polysaccharides in regulating gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songze Ke
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yanlei Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Qiaoli Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Sijia Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Rehabilitation Building 32-21, 1000 Veteran Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90024, United States
| | - Weihua Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Bin Wei
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Hong Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, China
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24
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Wang B, Yu H, He Y, Wen L, Gu J, Wang X, Miao X, Qiu G, Wang H. Effect of soybean insoluble dietary fiber on prevention of obesity in high-fat diet fed mice via regulation of the gut microbiota. Food Funct 2021; 12:7923-7937. [PMID: 34251010 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00078k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has shown that the gut microbiota plays an important role in preventing obesity; however, the mechanism by which insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) prevents high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of SIDF on obesity in HFD mice and determine the mechanism by which it prevents obesity through regulating the gut microbiota. Soybean insoluble dietary fiber (SIDF) was used as an intervention in HFD mice for 20 weeks. The results showed that SIDF significantly reduced the body weight (BW), fat index, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol while increasing the content of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in HFD mice. SIDF intervention was also beneficial for the reduction of liver lipid content and fatty droplets in mice. Furthermore, SIDF intervention improved the gut microbiota composition by increasing the relative abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria (such as Lactobacillales [order], Lactobacillus [genus], Lachnospirace_Nk4A136_group [genus]), and reduced the relative abundance of potentially harmful bacteria (such as Lachnospiraceae [family] and Bacteroides_acidifaciens [species]), which correlated with obesity (at least p < 0.05 in all instances). Finally, SIDF was fermented by related beneficial bacteria, which increased the content of the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and promoted the secretion of satiety hormones. In conclusion, SIDF intervention could prevent obesity in HFD mice by modulating the gut microbiota composition. Hence, SIDF may be used as a potential ingredient in functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bixiang Wang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
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25
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Xiang XW, Wang R, Yao LW, Zhou YF, Sun PL, Zheng B, Chen YF. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Mytilus coruscus Polysaccharide on RAW264.7 Cells and DSS-Induced Colitis in Mice. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19080468. [PMID: 34436307 PMCID: PMC8400803 DOI: 10.3390/md19080468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Considerable literature has been published on polysaccharides, which play a critical role in regulating the pathogenesis of inflammation and immunity. In this essay, the anti-inflammatory effect of Mytilus coruscus polysaccharide (MP) on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis model in mice was investigated. The results showed that MP effectively promoted the proliferation of RAW264.7 cells, ameliorated the excessive production of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10), and inhibited the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. For DSS-induced colitis in mice, MP can improve the clinical symptoms of colitis, inhibit the weight loss of mice, reduce the disease activity index, and have a positive effect on the shortening of the colon caused by DSS, meliorating intestinal barrier integrity and lowering inflammatory cytokines in serum. Moreover, MP makes a notable contribution to the richness and diversity of the intestinal microbial community, and also regulates the structural composition of the intestinal flora. Specifically, mice treated with MP showed a repaired Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and an increased abundance of some probiotics like Anaerotruncus, Lactobacillus, Desulfovibrio, Alistipe, Odoribacter, and Enterorhabdus in colon. These data suggest that the MP could be a promising dietary candidate for enhancing immunity and protecting against ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Wei Xiang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (X.-W.X.); (R.W.); (P.-L.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (X.-W.X.); (R.W.); (P.-L.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Li-Wen Yao
- Food and Pharmacy College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, China; (L.-W.Y.); (B.Z.)
| | - Yu-Fang Zhou
- Zhejiang Marine Development Research Institute, Zhoushan 316000, China
- Correspondence: (Y.-F.Z.); (Y.-F.C.); Tel.: +86-151-0580-6692 (Y.-F.Z.); +86-133-7257-2058 (Y.-F.C.)
| | - Pei-Long Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (X.-W.X.); (R.W.); (P.-L.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Bin Zheng
- Food and Pharmacy College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, China; (L.-W.Y.); (B.Z.)
| | - Yu-Feng Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (X.-W.X.); (R.W.); (P.-L.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Correspondence: (Y.-F.Z.); (Y.-F.C.); Tel.: +86-151-0580-6692 (Y.-F.Z.); +86-133-7257-2058 (Y.-F.C.)
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26
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Yang Y, Chang Y, Wu Y, Liu H, Liu Q, Kang Z, Wu M, Yin H, Duan J. A homogeneous polysaccharide from Lycium barbarum: Structural characterizations, anti-obesity effects and impacts on gut microbiota. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:2074-2087. [PMID: 34097961 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBPs) are known for their beneficial effects on diabetes, NAFLD and related chronic metabolic diseases induced by high-fat diet (HFD). However, the relevant researches are mainly about the whole crude polysaccharides, the specific active ingredient of LBPs and its bioactivity have been rarely explored. Herein, a homogeneous polysaccharide (LBP-W) was isolated and purified from crude LBPs. Structure characterizations indicated that LBP-W contained a main chain consisting of a repeated unit of →6)-β-Galp(1 → residues with branches composed of α-Araf, β-Galp and α-Rhap residues at position C-3. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-obesogenic effect of LBP-W and figure out the underlying mechanisms. In vivo efficacy trial illustrated that LBP-W supplements can alleviate HFD-induced mice obesity significantly. Gut microbiota analysis showed that LBP-W not only improved community diversity of intestinal flora, but also regulated their specific genera. Moreover, LBP-W can increase the content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), a metabolite of the intestinal flora. In summary, all these results demonstrated that the homogeneous polysaccharide purified from L. barbarum could be used as a prebiotic agent to improve obesity by modulating the composition of intestinal flora and the metabolism of SCFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yifan Chang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hairong Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qishan Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zuzhe Kang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Man Wu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hong Yin
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jinyou Duan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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27
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Ye J, Zhao Y, Chen X, Zhou H, Yang Y, Zhang X, Huang Y, Zhang N, Lui EMK, Xiao M. Pu-erh tea ameliorates obesity and modulates gut microbiota in high fat diet fed mice. Food Res Int 2021; 144:110360. [PMID: 34053553 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is regarded to be associated with fat accumulation, chronic inflammation, and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Raw and ripened pu-erh tea extract (PETe) have the effect of reducing body weight gain and fat accumulation, which are associated with gut microbiota. However, little is known about the difference of raw and ripened PETe on the regulation of gut microbiota. Here, our results suggested that supplementation of raw and ripened PETe displayed similar anti-obesogenic effect in high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity mice, by attenuating the body weight gain, fat accumulation, oxidative injury, and low-grade inflammation, improving the glucose tolerance, alleviating the metabolic endotoxemia, and regulating the mRNA and protein expression levels of the lipid metabolism-related genes. 16S rRNA sequencing of fecal samples indicated that raw and ripened PETe intervention displayed different regulatory effect on the HFD-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis at different taxonomic levels. The microbial diversity, the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes as well as F/B ratio were reversed more closer to normal by ripened PETe. Phylotypes of Bacteroidaceae, Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Muribaculaceae, and Rikenellaceae which are negatively correlated with obesity were enhanced notably by the intervention of ripened PETe, while Erysipelotrichaceae and Lactobacillaceae which have positive correlation with obesity were decreased dramatically. In addition, the treatment of ripened PETe had better effect on the increase of benefical Bacteroides, Alistipes, and Akkemansia and decrease of obesity associated Faecalibaculum and Erysipelatoclostridium (p < 0.05). These findings suggested that pu-erh tea especially ripened pu-erh tea could serve as a great candidate for alleviation of obesity in association with the modulation of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ye
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; Xiamen Engineering and Technological Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xiangming Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Huiyu Zhou
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yucheng Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; Xiamen Engineering and Technological Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xueqin Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; Xiamen Engineering and Technological Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yayan Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; Xiamen Engineering and Technological Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Na Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; Xiamen Engineering and Technological Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Edmund M K Lui
- Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Meitian Xiao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; Xiamen Engineering and Technological Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen 361021, China
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28
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Fu J, Wang Y, Tan S, Wang J. Effects of Banana Resistant Starch on the Biochemical Indexes and Intestinal Flora of Obese Rats Induced by a High-Fat Diet and Their Correlation Analysis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:575724. [PMID: 33585429 PMCID: PMC7873301 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.575724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of banana resistant starch (BRS) on obesity-related metabolic and intestinal flora were investigated in a high-fat diet-induced obesity model. After 6 weeks of intervention, the glucolipid metabolism index [blood glucose (GLU), total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C)], hormone index [leptin (LEP), insulin (INS), ghrelin, adiponectin (ADP), and thyroxine (T4)], and 16S rRNA sequencing analyses were performed for each group to explore the regulating effect of intestinal flora and the mechanism of weight loss in obese rats. The results showed that (1) BRS intervention significantly reduced the levels of GLU, TG, TC, LDL-C, LEP, and INS (p < 0.01) and increased the contents of ghrelin (p < 0.05) and ADP (p < 0.01). (2) BRS could improve the diversity of intestinal flora and regulate the overall structure of intestinal microorganisms, mainly by upregulating the Bacteroides/Firmicutes ratio and the relative abundance of Cyanobacteria and downregulating the relative abundances of Deferribacteres and Tenericutes (at the phylum level). BRS could inhibit the proliferation of Turicibacter, Romboutsia, and Oligella and increase the abundances of Bacteroides, Ruminococcaceae, and Lachnospiraceae (at the genus level). (3) Some significant correlations were observed between the gut microbiota and biomarkers. Turicibacter, Romboutsia, and Oligella were positively correlated with GLU, TG, TC, LEP, and INS and negatively correlated with ghrelin and ADP. Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, and Akkermansia were negatively correlated with GLU, TG, and TC. Conclusion: BRS had promising effects on weight loss, which could be associated with the improvement in host metabolism by regulating intestinal flora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Fu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Simin Tan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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30
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Zhang Y, Xie Q, You L, Cheung PCK, Zhao Z. Behavior of Non-Digestible Polysaccharides in Gastrointestinal Tract: A Mechanistic Review of its Anti-Obesity Effect. EFOOD 2021. [DOI: 10.2991/efood.k.210310.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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31
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Zhao Z, Xue F, Gu Y, Han J, Jia Y, Ye K, Zhang Y. Crosstalk between the muscular estrogen receptor α and BDNF/TrkB signaling alleviates metabolic syndrome via 7,8-dihydroxyflavone in female mice. Mol Metab 2020; 45:101149. [PMID: 33352311 PMCID: PMC7811170 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.101149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF), a small molecular mimetic of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), alleviates high-fat diet-induced obesity in female mice in a sex-specific manner by activating muscular tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB). However, the underlying molecular mechanism for this sex difference is unknown. Moreover, muscular estrogen receptor α (ERα) plays a critical role in metabolic diseases. Impaired ERα action is often accompanied by metabolic syndrome (MetS) in postmenopausal women. This study investigated whether muscular ERα is involved in the metabolic effects of 7,8-DHF. Methods For the in vivo studies, 72 female C57BL/6J mice were given a low-fat diet or high-fat diet, and both received daily intragastric administration of vehicle or 7,8-DHF for 24 weeks. The hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis function was assessed by investigating typical sex-related serum hormones and the ovarian reserve. Indicators of menopausal MetS, including lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, bone density, and serum inflammatory cytokines, were also evaluated. The expression levels of ERα and other relevant signaling molecules were also examined. In vitro, the molecular mechanism involved in the interplay of ERα and TrkB receptors was verified in differentiated C2C12 myotubes using several inhibitors and a lentivirus short hairpin RNA-knockdown strategy. Results Long-term oral administration of 7,8-DHF acted as a protective factor for the female HPO axis function, protecting against ovarian failure, earlier menopause, and sex hormone disorders, which was paralleled by the alleviation of MetS coupled with the production of ERα-rich, TrkB-activated, and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) high thermogenic skeletal muscle tissues. 7,8-DHF-stimulated transactivation of ERα at serine 118 (S118) and tyrosine 537 (Y537), which was crucial to activate the BDNF/TrkB signaling cascades. In turn, activation of BDNF/TrkB signaling was also required for the ligand-independent activation of ERα, especially at the Y537 phosphorylation site. In addition, Src family kinases played a core role in the interplay of ERα and TrkB, synergistically activating the signaling pathways related to energy metabolism. Conclusions These findings revealed a novel role of 7,8-DHF in protecting the function of the female HPO axis and activating tissue-specific ERα, which improves our understanding of this sex difference in 7,8-DHF-mediated maintenance of metabolic homeostasis and provides new therapeutic strategies for managing MetS in women. 7,8-DHF improves hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis function in mature adult female mice. 7,8-DHF protects against ovarian failure and onset of earlier menopause. 7,8-DHF-induced transactivation of ERα is crucial to activate BDNF/TrkB signaling cascades. 7,8-DHF-induced activations of ERα and BDNF/TrkB signaling are interdependent. Src family kinases play a core role in the crosstalk of ERα and BDNF/TrkB signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlei Zhao
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fan Xue
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yanpei Gu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianxin Han
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yingxian Jia
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Keqiang Ye
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Inhibitory effects of Lentinus edodes mycelia polysaccharide on α-glucosidase, glycation activity and high glucose-induced cell damage. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 246:116659. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Lee HB, Oh MJ, Do MH, Kim YS, Park HY. Molokhia leaf extract prevents gut inflammation and obesity. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 257:112866. [PMID: 32302714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Molokhia is highly consumed in Egypt as edible and medicinal plants, and its leaves are used for the treatment of pain, fever, and inflammation. AIM OF THE STUDY High-fat diet (HFD) induces gut dysbiosis, which is closely linked to metabolic diseases including obesity and leaky gut. The effects of molokhia (Corchorus olitorius L.) on anti-obesity and gut health were investigated in this study. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of a water-soluble extract from molokhia leaves (WM) on lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and on body weight, gut permeability, hormone levels, fecal enzyme activity of the intestinal microflora, and gut microbiota in HFD-induced C57BL/6J mice were examined. RESULTS WM treatment significantly inhibited lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Mice treated with 100 mg/kg WM had 13.1, 52.4, and 17.4% significantly lower body weights, gut permeability, and hepatic lipid accumulation than those in the HFD group, respectively. In addition, WM influenced gut health by inhibiting metabolic endotoxemia and colonic inflammation. It also altered the composition of the gut microbiota; in particular, it increased the abundance of Lactobacillus and decreased that of Desulfovibrio. CONCLUSION Our results extend our understanding of the beneficial effects of WM consumption, including the prevention of gut dysbiosis and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Bin Lee
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do, 55365, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mi-Jin Oh
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do, 55365, Republic of Korea.
| | - Moon Ho Do
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do, 55365, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Soo Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ho-Young Park
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do, 55365, Republic of Korea.
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Wei G, Ye Y, Yan X, Chao X, Yang F, Wang M, Zhang W, Yuan C, Zeng Q. Effect of banana pulp dietary fibers on metabolic syndrome and gut microbiota diversity in high-fat diet mice. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13362. [PMID: 32662541 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Banana (Musa nana Lour.) have the effect of anti-obesity and lipid modulating properties. However, the influences of banana pulp dietary fibers (BP-DF) on metabolic syndrome (MetS) and gut microbiota (GM) are unknown. In this research, we explore a novel strategy for dietary BP-DF on attenuation of lipid metabolic disease, GM disorder, and associated mechanisms in high-fat diet (HFD) mice. BP-DF can strongly suppress on HFD caused body weight and epididymal fat mass gain, and significantly improved serum lipid profiles, liver lipid profiles, and intestinal function. BP-DF also significantly improved fecal short-chain fatty acids formation and fecal ammonia content. BP-DF impacted the intestinal microorganism at all kinds of taxonomic levels by increasing the proportions of beneficial Lactobacillus, Bacteroidales _S24_7_group, and Alloprevotella and decreasing the disease or obesity associated Sutterella, Streptococcaceae, and Erysipelotrichaceae. The experiments show that BP-DF may use as a functional ingredient for preventing obesity, MetS, and intestinal microorganism imbalance. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Obesity result in many metabolic complications, and it poses a great threat to people's health. Nowadays, the introduction of DF may lead to the development of a new strategy in the treatment of obesity and its metabolic syndrome. Our experiments findings show that BP-DF may use as a functional ingredient for preventing obesity, MetS, and intestinal microorganism imbalance. Therefore, BP-DF can be applied to the development and production of functional food, and can also be used as an important food functional ingredient, which can be added to various food, such as bread, noodles, baked goods, cakes, etc., to improve its nutritional value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Wei
- School of Food and Biology Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Engineering Research Center of Biology, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yong Ye
- School of Food and Biology Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Engineering Research Center of Biology, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiang Yan
- School of Food and Biology Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Engineering Research Center of Biology, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xingyu Chao
- School of Food and Biology Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Engineering Research Center of Biology, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Food and Biology Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Engineering Research Center of Biology, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Mengyang Wang
- School of Food and Biology Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Engineering Research Center of Biology, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wencheng Zhang
- School of Food and Biology Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Engineering Research Center of Biology, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chuanxun Yuan
- School of Food and Biology Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Engineering Research Center of Biology, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qingmei Zeng
- School of Food and Biology Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Engineering Research Center of Biology, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Kim J, Choi JH, Oh T, Ahn B, Unno T. Codium fragile Ameliorates High-Fat Diet-Induced Metabolism by Modulating the Gut Microbiota in Mice. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061848. [PMID: 32575855 PMCID: PMC7353201 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Codium fragile (CF) is a functional seaweed food that has been used for its health effects, including immunostimulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity and anti-cancer activities, but the effect of CF extracts on obesity via regulation of intestinal microflora is still unknown. This study investigated anti-obesity effects of CF extracts on gut microbiota of diet-induced obese mice. C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat (HF) diet were given CF extracts intragastrically for 12 weeks. CF extracts significantly decreased animal body weight and the size of adipocytes, while reducing serum levels of cholesterol and glucose. In addition, CF extracts significantly shifted the gut microbiota of mice by increasing the abundance of Bacteroidetes and decreasing the abundance of Verrucomicrobia species, in which the portion of beneficial bacteria (i.e., Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Acetatifactor) were increased. This resulted in shifting predicted intestinal metabolic pathways involved in regulating adipocytes (i.e., mevalonate metabolism), energy harvest (i.e., pyruvate fermentation and glycolysis), appetite (i.e., chorismate biosynthesis) and metabolic disorders (i.e., isoprene biosynthesis, urea metabolism, and peptidoglycan biosynthesis). In conclusion, our study showed that CF extracts ameliorate intestinal metabolism in HF-induced obese mice by modulating the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungman Kim
- Faculty of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea;
| | - Jae Ho Choi
- Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea;
| | - Taehwan Oh
- Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Jeonnam Bioindustry Foundation, Wando 59108, Korea; (T.O.); (B.A.)
| | - Byungjae Ahn
- Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Jeonnam Bioindustry Foundation, Wando 59108, Korea; (T.O.); (B.A.)
| | - Tatsuya Unno
- Faculty of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea;
- Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-64-754-3354
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36
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Beneficial effects of flaxseed polysaccharides on metabolic syndrome via gut microbiota in high-fat diet fed mice. Food Res Int 2020; 131:108994. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.108994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Lactobacillus plantarum NA136 ameliorates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by modulating gut microbiota, improving intestinal barrier integrity, and attenuating inflammation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:5273-5282. [PMID: 32335723 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10633-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbiota dysbiosis, associated with insulin resistance, weak intestinal barrier integrity, and inflammation, may also play a role in the development of dietary-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study investigates the effects of dietary Lactobacillus plantarum NA136 administration on gut microbiota composition in an insulin-resistant C57BL/6J mouse NAFLD model. Comparison of mice with and without L. plantarum NA136 treatment revealed that L. plantarum NA136 treatment not only relieved insulin resistance but also significantly increased relative proportions of Desulfovibrio, Alistipes, Prevotella, and Enterorhabdus in gut microbiota of NAFLD mice. Meanwhile, L. plantarum NA136 administration also inhibited pathogenic bacterial growth, while promoting growth of probiotics such as Allobaculum, Lactobacillus, and, most markedly, Bifidobacterium. Moreover, L. plantarum NA136 treatment of NAFLD mice improved intestinal barrier integrity and attenuated high-fat and fructose diet (HFD/F)-induced inflammation. These results implicate gut-liver-axis-dependent microbiota modulation as the underlying mechanism for L. plantarum NA136-induced amelioration of NAFLD.Key points• L. plantarum NA136 corrects gut microbiota disorders caused by a high-fat and fructose diet. • L. plantarum NA136 strengthens the intestinal barrier and reduces inflammation in the liver. • L. plantarum NA136 relieves NAFLD by improving the gut-liver axis.
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Zou Y, Ju X, Chen W, Yuan J, Wang Z, Aluko RE, He R. Rice bran attenuated obesity via alleviating dyslipidemia, browning of white adipocytes and modulating gut microbiota in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Food Funct 2020; 11:2406-2417. [PMID: 32129359 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01524h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Obesity has become an international public health problem. In this study, an obese mice diet was supplemented with raw rice bran (RRB) or infrared radiation-stabilized rice bran (IRRB) to investigate the attenuation of obesity induced by a high-fat diet. Mice were fed a normal diet or a high-fat diet with and without rice bran supplementation (300 mg per kg body weight per day) by oral gavage for 39 days to investigate the obesity preventive effect. The results indicate that different rice bran supplements reduced body weight, relative adipose tissue weight, inflammation, and serum parameters, and relieve liver steatosis to varying degrees. The data of real-time qPCR and western blots (WB) showed that rice bran activated brown adipose tissue (BAT) and increased white adipose tissue (WAT) browning. Rice bran also reduced the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes and enhanced the relative abundance of Akkermansia. In summary, our findings suggest that rice bran intervention played a significant role in reducing dyslipidemia, alleviating inflammation, enhancing thermogenesis and modulating gut microbiota for the prevention and control of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Zou
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China.
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39
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Guo C, Han L, Li M, Yu L. Seabuckthorn ( Hippophaë rhamnoides) Freeze-Dried Powder Protects against High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity, Lipid Metabolism Disorders by Modulating the Gut Microbiota of Mice. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12010265. [PMID: 31968607 PMCID: PMC7020008 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of seabuckthorn freeze-dried powder on high-fat diet-induced obesity and related lipid metabolism disorders, and further explored if this improvement is associated with gut microbiota. Results showed that seabuckthorn freeze-dried powder administration decreased body weight, Lee’s index, adipose tissue weight, liver weight, and serum lipid levels. Moreover, treatment with seabuckthorn freeze-dried powder effectively reduced fat accumulation by modulating the relative expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism through down-regulation of encoding lipogenic and store genes, including SREBP-1c, PPAR-γ, ACC, and SCD1, and up-regulation of regulating genes of fatty acid oxidation, including HSL, CPT-1, and ACOX. Especially, seabuckthorn freeze-dried powder regulated the composition of gut microbiota, such as increasing the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes, decreasing relative abundance of harmful bacteria (Desulfovibrio), and increasing relative abundance of beneficial bacteria (Akkermansia and Bacteroides). The changes of beneficial bacteria had a positive correlation with genes encoding lipolysis and a negative correlation with genes encoding lipid lipogenesis and store. The harmful bacteria were just the opposite. Besides, changes in gut microbiota had an obvious effect in the secretion of main metabolites—short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), especially propionic acid. Thus, our results indicated that the seabuckthorn freeze-dried powder could ameliorate high-fat diet-induced obesity and obesity-associated lipid metabolism disorders by changing the composition and structure of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Guo
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-13994280378; Fax: +86-0351-7018397
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40
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Zhong L, Ma N, Zheng H, Ma G, Zhao L, Hu Q. Tuber indicum polysaccharide relieves fatigue by regulating gut microbiota in mice. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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41
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Wu T, Gao Y, Hao J, Geng J, Zhang J, Yin J, Liu R, Sui W, Gong L, Zhang M. Capsanthin extract prevents obesity, reduces serum TMAO levels and modulates the gut microbiota composition in high-fat-diet induced obese C57BL/6J mice. Food Res Int 2019; 128:108774. [PMID: 31955744 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the anti-obesity effects and its mechanism of capsanthin (CAP) in high-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice. Compared with untreated mice on a high-fat diet for 12 weeks, CAP at 200 mg kg-1 reduced the body weight by 27.5%, significantly reversed glucose tolerance, effectively decreased the serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and trimethylamine N-oxide levels, markedly increased microbial diversity. Furthermore, 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the cecal microbiota suggested that CAP increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes, Bifidobacterium and Akkermansia, decreased the abundance of Ruminococcus and the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes. Moreover, predicted functional domain analysis indicated that CAP increased the gene abundance of replication and repair, and decreased the gene abundance of membrane transports and carbohydrate metabolisms. Therefore, it seems CAP exhibit anti-obesity effect and might be used as a potential agent against obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yufang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Junyu Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jieting Geng
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Jiaojiao Zhang
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Jinjin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Wenjie Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Lingxiao Gong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing, China.
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
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Chen H, Zeng F, Li S, Liu Y, Gong S, Lv X, Zhang J, Liu B. Spirulina active substance mediated gut microbes improve lipid metabolism in high-fat diet fed rats. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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43
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Bianchi F, Duque ALRF, Saad SMI, Sivieri K. Gut microbiome approaches to treat obesity in humans. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 103:1081-1094. [PMID: 30554391 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9570-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The rising worldwide prevalence of obesity has become a major concern having many implications for the public health and the economy. It is well known that many factors such as lifestyle, increased intake of foods high in fat and sugar and a host's genetic profile can lead to obesity. Besides these factors, recent studies have pointed to the gut microbiota composition as being responsible for the development of obesity. Since then, many efforts have been made to understand the link between the gut microbiota composition and obesity, as well as the role of food ingredients, such as pro- and prebiotics, in the modulation of the gut microbiota. Studies involving the gut microbiota composition of obese individuals are however still controversial, making it difficult to treat obesity. In this sense, this mini-review deals with obesity and the relationship with gut microbiota, summarising the principal findings on gut microbiome approaches for treating obesity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Bianchi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Luiza Rocha Faria Duque
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Susana Marta Isay Saad
- Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Food Research Center, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Katia Sivieri
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
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