1
|
Sánchez-Fortún M, Carrasco JL, Díez S, Amouroux D, Tessier E, López-Carmona S, Sanpera C. Temporal mercury dynamics throughout the rice cultivation season in the Ebro Delta (NE Spain): An integrative approach. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 250:118555. [PMID: 38412914 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
During the last few decades, inputs of mercury (Hg) to the environment from anthropogenic sources have increased. The Ebro Delta is an important area of rice production in the Iberian Peninsula. Given the industrial activity and its legacy pollution along the Ebro river, residues containing Hg have been transported throughout the Ebro Delta ecosystems. Rice paddies are regarded as propitious environments for Hg methylation and its subsequent incorporation to plants and rice paddies' food webs. We have analyzed how Hg dynamics change throughout the rice cultivation season in different compartments from the paddies' ecosystems: soil, water, rice plants and fauna. Furthermore, we assessed the effect of different agricultural practices (ecological vs. conventional) associated to various flooding patterns (wet vs. mild alternating wet and dry) to the Hg levels in rice fields. Finally, we have estimated the proportion of methylmercury (MeHg) to total mercury in a subset of samples, as MeHg is the most bioaccumulable toxic form for humans and wildlife. Overall, we observed varying degrees of mercury concentration over the rice cultivation season in the different compartments. We found that different agricultural practices and flooding patterns did not influence the THg levels observed in water, soil or plants. However, Hg concentrations in fauna samples seemed to be affected by hydroperiod and we also observed evidence of Hg biomagnification along the rice fields' aquatic food webs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moisès Sánchez-Fortún
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Josep Lluís Carrasco
- Biostatistics, Department of Basic Clinical Practice, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Sergi Díez
- Environmental Chemistry Department, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, E-08034, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - David Amouroux
- Université de Pau et des Pays de L'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux, Pau, France.
| | - Emmanuel Tessier
- Université de Pau et des Pays de L'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux, Pau, France.
| | - Sophie López-Carmona
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; UFR Sciences et Techniques, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.
| | - Carola Sanpera
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Qin D, Luo G, Qin A, He T, Wu P, Yin D. Selenium-phosphorus modified biochar reduces mercury methylation and bioavailability in agricultural soil. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 345:123451. [PMID: 38281574 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Biochar is a frequently employed for solidifying and stabilizing mercury (Hg) contamination in soil. However, it often results in an elevated presence of soil methylmercury (MeHg), which introduces new environmental risks. Consequently, there is a necessity for developing a safer modified biochar for use in Hg-contaminated soil. This study employed sodium selenite (at a safe dosage for soil) and hydroxyapatite to modify straw biochar (BC) based on the interaction between selenium (Se) and phosphorus (P). This process led to the formation of Se-modified biochar (Se-BC), P-modified biochar (P-BC), and Se and P co-modified biochar (Se-P-BC). Additionally, solvent adsorption experiments and pot experiments (BC/soil mass ratio: 0.5 %) were conducted to investigate the impacts of these soil amendments on soil Hg methylation and bioavailability. Se and P co-modification substantially increased the surface area, pore volume, and Hg adsorption capacity of BC. BC treatment increased the simulated gastric acid-soluble Hg, organo-chelated Hg, and MeHg in the soil. Conversely, Se-P-BC significantly reduced these forms of Hg in the soil, indicating that Se-P-BC can transform soil Hg into less bioavailable states. Among the different biochar treatments, Se-P-BC exhibited the most pronounced reductions in soil MeHg, total Hg, and MeHg in water spinach, achieving reductions of 63 %, 71 %, and 70 %, respectively. The co-modification of Se and P displayed a synergistic reduction effect in managing soil Hg pollution, which is associated with the increase of available Se in the soil due to phosphorus addition. The significantly reduced dissolved organic carbon and the abnormally high SO42- concentration in the soil of Se-P-BC treatment also inhibited Hg methylation and bioavailability in the soil. In summary, Se-P-BC substantially increased reduction percentage in plant Hg content while mitigating the risk of secondary pollution arising from elevated soil MeHg.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongqiang Qin
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment (Guizhou University), Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystems Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Guangjun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment (Guizhou University), Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550025, China; College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystems Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Aming Qin
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment (Guizhou University), Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystems Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Tianrong He
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment (Guizhou University), Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Pan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment (Guizhou University), Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550025, China; College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Deliang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment (Guizhou University), Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550025, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Guo P, Du H, Zhao W, Xiong B, Wang M, He M, Flemetakis E, Hänsch R, Ma M, Rennenberg H, Wang D. Selenium- and chitosan-modified biochars reduce methylmercury contents in rice seeds with recruiting Bacillus to inhibit methylmercury production. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133236. [PMID: 38141298 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Biochar could reshape microbial communities, thereby altering methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations in rice rhizosphere and seeds. However, it remains unclear whether and how biochar amendment perturbs microbe-mediated MeHg production in mercury (Hg) contaminated paddy soil. Here, we used pinecone-derived biochar and its six modified biochars to reveal the disturbance. Results showed that selenium- and chitosan-modified biochar significantly reduced MeHg concentrations in the rhizosphere by 85.83% and 63.90%, thereby decreasing MeHg contents in seeds by 86.37% and 75.50%. The two modified bicohars increased the abundance of putative Hg-resistant microorganisms Bacillus, the dominant microbe in rhizosphere. These reductions about MeHg could be facilitated by biochar sensitive microbes such as Oxalobacteraceae and Subgroup_7. Pinecone-derived biochar increased MeHg concentration in rhizosphere but unimpacted MeHg content in seeds was observed. This biochar decreased the abundance in Bacillus but enhanced in putative Hg methylator Desulfovibrio. The increasing MeHg concentration in rhizosphere could be improved by biochar sensitive microbes such as Saccharimonadales and Clostridia. Network analysis showed that Saccharimonadales and Clostridia were the most prominent keystone taxa in rhizosphere, and the three biochars manipulated abundances of the microbes related to MeHg production in rhizosphere by those biochar sensitive microbes. Therefore, selenium- and chitosan-modified biochar could reduce soil MeHg production by these microorganisms, and is helpful in controlling MeHg contamination in rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Guo
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Hongxia Du
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Wancang Zhao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Karst Environment, School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Bingcai Xiong
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Mingxing Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Resources and Environment, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Mingyan He
- Chongqing Ecological Environment Monitoring Center, Chongqing 401147, PR China
| | - Emmanouil Flemetakis
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Robert Hänsch
- Institute for Plant Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Humboldtstraße 1, D-38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ming Ma
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
| | - Heinz Rennenberg
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Dingyong Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Resources and Environment, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhou Y, Li S, Hintelmann H, Tang W, Zhong H. New insights into HgSe antagonism: Minor impact on inorganic Hg mobility while potential impacts on microorganisms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 913:169705. [PMID: 38160847 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is a crucial antagonistic factor of mercury (Hg) methylation in soil, with the transformation of inorganic Hg (IHg) to inert mercury selenide (HgSe) being the key mechanism. However, little evidence has been provided of the reduced Hg mobility at environmentally relevant doses of Hg and Se, and the potential impacts of Se on the activities of microbial methylators have been largely ignored. This knowledge gap hinders effective mitigation for methylmercury (MeHg) risks, considering that Hg supply and microbial methylators serve as materials and workers for MeHg production in soils. By monitoring the mobility of IHg and microbial activities after Se spike, we reported that 1) active methylation might be the premise of HgSe antagonism, as higher decreases in MeHg net production were found in soils with higher constants of Hg methylation rate; 2) IHg mobility did not significantly change upon Se addition in soils with high DOC concentrations, challenging the long-held view of Hg immobilization by Se; and 3) the activities of iron-reducing bacteria (FeRB), an important group of microbial methylators, might be potentially regulated by Se addition at a dose of 4 mg/kg. These findings provide empirical evidence that IHg mobility may not be the limiting factor under Se amendment and suggest the potential impacts of Se on microbial activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shouying Li
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Holger Hintelmann
- Department of Chemistry, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada; Water Quality Centre, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
| | - Wenli Tang
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Huan Zhong
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rushimisha IE, Li X, Han T, Chen X, Abdoul Magid ASI, Sun Y, Li Y. Application of biochar on soil bioelectrochemical remediation: behind roles, progress, and potential. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2024; 44:120-138. [PMID: 36137569 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2022.2119547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) that combine electrochemistry with biological methods have gained attention in the remediation of polluted environments, including wastewater, sludge, sediments, and soils. The most attractive advantage of BESs is that the solid electrode is used as an inexhaustible electron acceptor or donor, and biocurrent directly converted from organics can afford the reaction energy of contaminant breakdown, crossing the internal energy barrier of endothermic degradation, which achieves a continuous biodegradation process without the simultaneous use of exogenetic chemicals and bioelectricity recovery. However, soil BESs are hindered by expensive electrode materials, difficult pollutant and electron transfer, low microbial competitive activity, and biocompatibility in contamination remediation. Fortunately, introducing biochar into soil BESs could reveal a high potential in addressing these BES inadequacies. The characteristics of biochar, e.g., conductivity, transferability, high specific surface area, high porosity, large functional groups, and biocompatibility, can improve the performance of soil BESs. In fact, biochar not only carries electrons but also transfers nutrients, pollutants, and even bacteria by facilitating transmission in the bioelectric field of BESs. Consequently, the abilities of biochar make for better functionality of BESs. This review collates information on the roles, application, and progress of biochar in soil BESs, and future prospects are given. It is beneficial for environmental researchers and engineers to extend BES application in environmental remediation and to assist the progress of carbon sequestration and emission reduction based on the inertia of biochar and the blocking of electron flow to form methane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaojing Li
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Ting Han
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Yan Sun
- Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongtao Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rizwan M, Murtaza G, Zulfiqar F, Moosa A, Iqbal R, Ahmed Z, Khan I, Siddique KHM, Leng L, Li H. Tuning active sites on biochars for remediation of mercury-contaminated soil: A comprehensive review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 270:115916. [PMID: 38171108 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) contamination is acknowledged as a global issue and has generated concerns globally due to its toxicity and persistence. Tunable surface-active sites (SASs) are one of the key features of efficient BCs for Hg remediation, and detailed documentation of their interactions with metal ions in soil medium is essential to support the applications of functionalized BC for Hg remediation. Although a specific active site exhibits identical behavior during the adsorption process, a systematic documentation of their syntheses and interactions with various metal ions in soil medium is crucial to promote the applications of functionalized biochars in Hg remediation. Hence, we summarized the BC's impact on Hg mobility in soils and discussed the potential mechanisms and role of various SASs of BC for Hg remediation, including oxygen-, nitrogen-, sulfur-, and X (chlorine, bromine, iodine)- functional groups (FGs), surface area, pores and pH. The review also categorized synthesis routes to introduce oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur to BC surfaces to enhance their Hg adsorptive properties. Last but not the least, the direct mechanisms (e.g., Hg- BC binding) and indirect mechanisms (i.e., BC has a significant impact on the cycling of sulfur and thus the Hg-soil binding) that can be used to explain the adverse effects of BC on plants and microorganisms, as well as other related consequences and risk reduction strategies were highlighted. The future perspective will focus on functional BC for multiple heavy metal remediation and other potential applications; hence, future work should focus on designing intelligent/artificial BC for multiple purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Rizwan
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Ghulam Murtaza
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Faisal Zulfiqar
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur-63100, Pakistan
| | - Anam Moosa
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur-63100, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Iqbal
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur-63100, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Ahmed
- Xinjiang Institute of Ecology & Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 848300, China
| | - Imran Khan
- School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth WA 6001, Australia.
| | - Lijian Leng
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China; Xiangjiang Laboratory, Changsha 410205, China.
| | - Hailong Li
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Huang Y, Yi J, Huang Y, Zhong S, Zhao B, Zhou J, Wang Y, Zhu Y, Du Y, Li F. Insights into the reduction of methylmercury accumulation in rice grains through biochar application: Hg transformation, isotope fractionation, and transcriptomic analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 340:122863. [PMID: 37925005 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Methylmercury (MeHg), a potent neurotoxin, easily moves from the soil into rice plants and subsequently accumulates within the grains. Although biochar can reduce MeHg accumulation in rice grains, the precise mechanism underlying biochar-mediated responses to mercury (Hg) stress, specifically regarding MeHg accumulation in rice, remains poorly understood. In the current study, we employed a 4% biochar amendment to remediate Hg-contaminated paddy soil, elucidate the impacts of biochar on MeHg accumulation through a comprehensive analysis involving Hg isotopic fractionation and transcriptomic analyses. The results demonstrated that biochar effectively lowered the levels of MeHg in paddy soils by decreasing bioavailable Hg and microbial Hg methylation. Furthermore, biochar reduced the uptake and translocation of MeHg in rice plants, ultimately leading to a reduction MeHg accumulation in rice grains. During the process of total mercury (THg) uptake, biochar induced a more pronounced negative isotope fractionation magnitude, whereas the effect was less pronounced during the upward transport of THg. Conversely, biochar caused a more pronounced positive isotope fractionation magnitude during the upward transport of MeHg. Transcriptomics analyses revealed that biochar altered the expression levels of genes associated with the metabolism of cysteine, glutathione, and metallothionein, cell wall biogenesis, and transport, which possibly enhance the sequestration of MeHg in rice roots. These findings provide novel insights into the effects of biochar application on Hg transformation and transport, highlighting its role in mitigating MeHg accumulation in rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingmei Huang
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China; Guangzhou Institute of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Jicai Yi
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yao Huang
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Songxiong Zhong
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China; Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Department of Environmental Sciences, 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Jing Zhou
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Yuxuan Wang
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Yiwen Zhu
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Yanhong Du
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Fangbai Li
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Du S, Wang X, Zhou Z, Zhang T, Kamran M, Ding C. Controlling Factors and Predictive Models of Total Mercury and Methylmercury Accumulation in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) from Mercury-Contaminated Paddy Soils. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2023; 111:5. [PMID: 37349509 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-023-03766-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
It is urgent to detect the major controlling factors and establish predictive models of mercury (Hg) accumulation in rice. A pot trial was conducted, exogenous Hg was added to 19 paddy soils at 4 concentration levels in this study. The major controlling factors of total Hg (THg) in brown rice were soil THg, pH and organic matter (OM) content, while those of methylmercury (MeHg) in brown rice were soil MeHg and OM. THg and MeHg in brown rice could be well predicted by soil THg, pH and clay content. The data from previous studies were collected to validate the predictive models of Hg in brown rice. The predicted values of Hg in brown rice were within the twofold prediction intervals of the observations, which demonstrated the predictive models in this study were reliable. The results could provide theoretical foundation for the risk assessment of Hg in paddy soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuyang Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Hunan Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Xingxiang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Ecological Experimental Station of Red Soil, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yingtan, 335211, China
| | - Zhigao Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Taolin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Changfeng Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tian X, Chai G, Xie Q, Li G. Response of methylmercury in paddy soil and paddy rice to pristine biochar: A meta-analysis and environmental implications. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 257:114933. [PMID: 37099962 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has received increased research attention due to its effectiveness in mitigating the potential risks of mercury (Hg) in agricultural soils. However, there is a lack of consensus on the effect of pristine biochar on the net production, availability, and accumulation of methylmercury (MeHg) in the paddy rice-soil system. As such, a meta-analysis with 189 observations was performed to quantitatively assess the effects of biochar on Hg methylation, MeHg availability in paddy soil, and the accumulation of MeHg in paddy rice. Results suggested that biochar application could significantly increase the production of MeHg in paddy soil by 19.01%; biochar could also decrease the dissolved and available MeHg in paddy soil by 88.64% and 75.69%, respectively. More importantly, biochar application significantly inhibited the MeHg accumulation in paddy rice by 61.10%. These results highlight that biochar could decrease the availability of MeHg in paddy soil and thus inhibit MeHg accumulation in paddy rice, although it might facilitate the net production of MeHg in paddy soil. Additionally, results also indicated that the biochar feedstock and its elementary composition significantly impacted the net MeHg production in paddy soil. Generally, biochar with a low carbon content, high sulfur content, and low application rate might be beneficial for inhibiting Hg methylation in paddy soil, meaning that Hg methylation depends on biochar feedstock. These findings suggested that biochar has great potential to inhibit MeHg accumulation in paddy rice, and further research should focus on selecting biochar feedstock to control Hg methylation potential and determine its long-term effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosong Tian
- College of Resources, Environment and Safety, Chongqing Vocational Institute of Engineering, Chongqing 402260, China.
| | - Guanqun Chai
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, China
| | - Qing Xie
- College of Resources, Environment and Safety, Chongqing Vocational Institute of Engineering, Chongqing 402260, China.
| | - Guanghui Li
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Soil Contamination Control and Remediation, Chongqing 400067, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang Y, Chen L, Chen Y, Xue Y, Liu G, Zheng X, Zhou L, Zhong H. Effects of varying amounts of different biochars on mercury methylation in paddy soils and methylmercury accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 874:162459. [PMID: 36871735 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
There is growing evidence for the potential of biochars (BCs) in remediating mercury-contaminated paddy soils, but the high doses commonly used in laboratory studies discourage BC application in practice. To address these difficulties, we compared the effects of varying amounts of BCs from different sources on the formation of methylmercury (MeHg) in soil and its accumulation in rice through microcosm and pot experiments. The addition of a wide range of added doses (0.3, 0.6, 1, 2, 4 and 5 %, w/w) of BCs derived from different biomass feedstocks (i.e., corn stalk, wheat straw, bamboo, oak and poplar) significantly decreased the fraction of ammonium thiosulfate ((NH4)2S2O3)-extractable MeHg in the soil, although the MeHg contents varied with BC types and doses during soil incubation. However, the extractable MeHg in the soil did not continuously decrease with increasing BC doses, especially at doses of >1 %, resulting in limited further reductions. Moreover, a relatively low application rate (0.3-0.6 %, w/w) of BCs (i.e., corn stalk, wheat straw and bamboo-derived BC), especially of bamboo-derived BCs, significantly decreased the MeHg levels (42-76 %) in rice grains (brown rice). Meanwhile, the extractable soil MeHg decreased (57-85 %), although the MeHg in the soil varied under BC amendment during rice cultivation. These results provide further evidence that applying BC produced from different raw carbon materials (e.g., lignocellulosic biomass) could effectively reduce MeHg accumulation in rice grains, possibly due to MeHg bioavailability reduction in the soil. Our results suggest the possibility of mitigating MeHg accumulation in rice with a low dose of BCs, with great potential for use in remediating moderately contaminated paddy soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China; School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Li Chen
- School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Yongjun Xue
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Guangxia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Xiangmin Zheng
- School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Limin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China; School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China; Institute of Eco-Chongming, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China.
| | - Huan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ran S, He T, Li S, Yin D, Wu P, Xu Y, Zhao J. Selenium/sulfur-modified montmorillonite materials mitigate mercury pollution in farmland. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 329:121719. [PMID: 37105467 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) amendment could reduce mercury (Hg) bioaccumulation in crops, but sometimes it could cause excessive Se accumulation in crops and potential Se exposure risks for humans. In this study, we designed and synthesized selenium and sulfur-modified montmorillonite materials (Se/S-Mont) to effectively reduce mercury levels and avoid excessive Se enrichment in plants. The results of pot experiments (1 g Se/S-Mont/100 g soil) and field microplot trials (0.3 g Se/S-Mont/100 g soil, 8 t/ha) showed that Se/S-Mont amendments significantly reduced the Hg concentrations in water spinach and hybrid Pennisetum by 28-68% and 57%-92% (P < 0.05), respectively, while they did not lead to excessive Se bioaccumulation in the plants. Se/S-Mont was more efficient in mitigating soil Hg pollution than adding raw materials (e.g., NaSeO₃) and their combinations, and they significantly reduced the available Se fraction in the soil and the Se levels in the plants (P < 0.05). The potential mechanisms revealed by X-ray absorption near-edge spectra (XANES) and pot experiments were the adsorption and slow release of Hg, S, and Se by Se/S-Mont, the high affinity between Hg and Se, competition between Se and S, and the formation of stable complexes containing Se-S-Hg. The Se/S-Mont immobilizer was easy to prepare and required the application of small amounts, and the remediation effect was relatively stable and exhibited few negative effects; therefore, the approach showed high environmental and economic potentials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu Ran
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment (Guizhou University), Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550025, China; College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Tianrong He
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment (Guizhou University), Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Shengpeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment (Guizhou University), Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550025, China; College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Deliang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment (Guizhou University), Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Pan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment (Guizhou University), Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yiyuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment (Guizhou University), Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550025, China; College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Jiating Zhao
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Nuclear Analytical Techniques. Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yao C, He T. Effect of peat and thiol-modified peat application on mercury (im)mobilization in mercury-polluted paddy soil. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 254:114743. [PMID: 36905846 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) pollution in paddy soil has gained special attention because methylmercury (MeHg) can accumulate in rice grains. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore the remediation materials of mercury-polluted paddy soil. In this study, herbaceous peat (HP), peat moss (PM), and thiol-modified HP/PM (MHP/MPM) were selected to investigate the effects and probable mechanism of their application on Hg (im)mobilization in mercury-polluted paddy soil through pot experiments. The results showed that HP, PM, MHP and MPM addition increased MeHg concentrations in the soil, indicating that the addition of peat and thiol-modified peat might increase the exposure risk of MeHg in soil. The addition of HP could significantly decrease the total mercury (THg) and MeHg concentrations in rice, with average reduction efficiencies of 27.44% and 45.97%, respectively, while adding PM slightly increased the THg and MeHg concentrations in rice. In addition, the addition of MHP and MPM significantly decreased the bioavailable Hg concentrations in the soil and THg and MeHg concentrations in rice, with reduction efficiencies of rice THg and MeHg of 79.14∼93.14% and 82.72∼93.87%, respectively, indicating that thiol-modified peat had good remediation potential. The possible mechanism is that Hg can bind with thiols in MHP/MPM and form steady compounds in the soil, reducing Hg mobility in the soil and inhibiting its uptake by rice. Our study showed the potential value of HP, MHP and MPM addition for Hg remediation. Additionally, we must weigh the pros and cons when adding organic materials as remediation agents to mercury-polluted paddy soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Yao
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Tianrong He
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; College of Resources and Environment, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Xu Y, Luo C, Gao L, Long J, Xu H, Yang R. Anomalous concentrations and environmental implications of rare earth elements in the rock-soil-moss system in the black shale area. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:135770. [PMID: 35870610 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, rare earth elements (REEs) pollution caused by anthropogenic activities has aroused great attention, but the contribution of natural geological sources remains unclear. In this study, parent rocks, corresponding soil, and overlying moss (Pohlia flexuosa Harv. In Hook) were collected to identify the release, transportation, and environmental exposure of REEs in the black shale areas. The results showed that black shales had elevated REEs levels (245 ± 124 mg kg-1) and served as a geogenic source of REEs. The released REEs were temporarily enriched in the acidized soil (327 ± 91.8 mg kg-1, pH 4.87 ± 0.810) and were still highly bioavailable, thereby resulting in REEs accumulated up to a high level in moss P. flexuosa (86.2 ± 64.3 mg kg-1). Hence, the ecological risks of REEs in black shale areas were assuredly enhanced. The shale-normalized results of REEs concentrations in the parent rock - soil - moss system followed a remarkably identical pattern and were characterized by strong enrichment in HREEs (LaN/YbN 0.520 ± 0.274), indicating that geogenic input was responsible for the concentration and composition of REEs in mosses. Moreover, REEs were readily preserved and not easily fractionated in moss P. flexuosa due to its special morphological features, indicating the lithological signatures of REEs in black shales were readily inherited by moss P. flexuosa, and underwent only minor losses. Overall, moss P. flexuosa could be used as a powerful tool to reflect the content and composition of REEs in black shale areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiyuan Xu
- College of Resources and Environment Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Chaokun Luo
- College of Resources and Environment Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Lei Gao
- College of Resources and Environment Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Jie Long
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Hai Xu
- College of Resources and Environment Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Department of Tourism and Geography, Tongren University, Tongren, 554300, China
| | - Ruidong Yang
- College of Resources and Environment Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Xing Y, Wang J, Kinder CES, Yang X, Slaný M, Wang B, Song H, Shaheen SM, Leinweber P, Rinklebe J. Rice hull biochar enhances the mobilization and methylation of mercury in a soil under changing redox conditions: Implication for Hg risks management in paddy fields. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 168:107484. [PMID: 36049376 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biochar amendment to paddy soils was promising to mitigate mercury (Hg) accumulation in rice; thus, it was applied to reduce human Hg exposure via rice consumption. However, how biochar affects Hg mobilization and MeHg formation in soil under changed redox potential (Eh) conditions remained unknown. Here, we explored the change of dissolved total Hg (DTHg) and dissolved MeHg (DMeHg), and their controlling biogeochemical factors in a soil with(out) biochar amendment under changing Eh conditions using biogeochemical microcosm. Biochar amendment resulted in a widen Eh range (-300 to 400 mV) compared to the control (-250 to 350 mV), demonstrating that biochar promoted reduction-oxidization reactions in soil. Biochar amendment enhanced Hg mobilization by mediating reductive dissolution of Fe/Mn (hydr)oxides. Thus, the increased Hg availability promoted MeHg formation in the soils. Biochar amendment changed the soil organic matter (SOM) composition. Positive correlations between the relative abundance of LIPID (lipids, alkanes/alkenes), ALKYL (alkylaromatics), and suberin and MeHg concentrations indicate that these SOM groups might be related to MeHg formation. Biochar enhanced the releasing and methylation of Hg by promoting the mobilization of Fe(oxyhydr)oxides and alternation of carbon chemistry under dynamic Eh conditions. There is an unexpected environmental risk associated with biochar application to paddy soils under dynamic Eh condition, and one should be aware this risk when applying biochar aiming to minimize human Hg exposure health risks via rice consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xing
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550002, PR China; University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Jianxu Wang
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550082, PR China.
| | - Christoph E S Kinder
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Xing Yang
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Michal Slaný
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 36 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Bing Wang
- College of Resources and Environment Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, PR China
| | - Hocheol Song
- University of Sejong, Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, 98 Gunja-Dong, Guangjin-Gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sabry M Shaheen
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, Department of Arid Land Agriculture, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; University of Kafrelsheikh, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil and Water Sciences, 33516 Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Peter Leinweber
- University of Rostock, Department Light, Life and Matter (LLM), Albert-Einstein-Strasse 25, D-18059 Rostock, Germany; Soil Science, University of Rostock, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 6, 18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; University of Sejong, Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, 98 Gunja-Dong, Guangjin-Gu, Seoul, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang S, Wang M, Liu J, Tian S, Yang X, Xiao G, Xu G, Jiang T, Wang D. Biochar affects methylmercury production and bioaccumulation in paddy soils: Insights from soil-derived dissolved organic matter. J Environ Sci (China) 2022; 119:68-77. [PMID: 35934467 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has been used increasingly as a soil additive to control mercury (Hg) pollution in paddy rice fields. As the most active component of soil organic matter, soil dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays a vital role in the environmental fate of contaminants. However, there are very few studies to determine the impact of biochar on the Hg cycle in rice paddies using insights from DOM. This study used original and modified biochar to investigate their effect on DOM dynamics and their potential impact on methylmercury (MeHg) production and bioaccumulation in rice plants. Porewater DOM was collected to analyze the variations in soil-derived DOM in paddy soils. The results showed that the addition of biochar, whether in original or modified form, significantly reduced the bioaccumulation of MeHg in rice plants, especially in hulls and grains (p<0.05). However, MeHg production in soils was only inhibited by the modified biochar. Biochar addition induced a significant increase in DOM's aromaticity and molecular weight (p<0.05), which decreased Hg bioavailability. Furthermore, enhanced microbial activity was also observed in DOM (p<0.05), further increasing MeHg production in the soil. Thus, the effect of biochar on the fate of Hg cycle involves competition between the two different roles of DOM. This study identified a specific mechanism by which biochar affects Hg behavior in rice paddy soil and contributes to understanding the more general influence of biochar in agriculture and contaminant remediation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Mingxing Wang
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Shanyi Tian
- Soil Ecology Laboratory, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xueling Yang
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Guangquan Xiao
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Guomin Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Compounding and Modification of Polymer Materials, Guiyang 550014, China; Guizhou Material Industrial Technology Institute, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China; Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China.
| | - Dingyong Wang
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hao YY, Zhu YJ, Yan RQ, Gu B, Zhou XQ, Wei RR, Wang C, Feng J, Huang Q, Liu YR. Important Roles of Thiols in Methylmercury Uptake and Translocation by Rice Plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:6765-6773. [PMID: 35483101 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The bioaccumulation of the neurotoxin methylmercury (MeHg) in rice is a significant concern due to its potential risk to humans. Thiols have been known to affect MeHg bioavailability in microorganisms, but how thiols influence MeHg accumulation in rice plants remains unknown. Here, we investigated effects of common low-molecular-weight thiols, including cysteine (Cys), glutathione (GSH), and penicillamine (PEN), on MeHg uptake and translocation by rice plants. Results show that rice roots can rapidly take up MeHg, and this process is influenced by the types and concentrations of thiols in the system. The presence of Cys facilitated MeHg uptake by roots and translocation to shoots, while GSH could only promote MeHg uptake, but not translocation, by roots. Conversely, PEN significantly inhibited MeHg uptake and translocation to shoots. Using labeled 13Cys assays, we also found that MeHg uptake was coupled with Cys accumulation in rice roots. Moreover, analyses of comparative transcriptomics revealed that key genes associated with metallothionein and SULTR transporter families may be involved in MeHg uptake. These findings provide new insights into the uptake and translocation of MeHg in rice plants and suggest potential roles of thiol attributes in affecting MeHg bioavailability and bioaccumulation in rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Yun Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yu-Jie Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ruo-Qun Yan
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Baohua Gu
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Xin-Quan Zhou
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ren-Rui Wei
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chuang Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jiao Feng
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qiaoyun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yu-Rong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sun T, Wang Y, Li C, Huang J, Hua Y, Yue C, Chao H, Zhang D, Zhang Y, Wang D. Use smaller size of straw to alleviate mercury methylation and accumulation induced by straw incorporation in paddy field. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 423:127002. [PMID: 34474359 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Straw sizes were found to affect the methylmercury (MeHg) accumulation in rice grains induced by straw incorporation. The mechanism behind, however, still remains unclear. Here, we incorporated rice straw in different sizes (powder, 2 cm and 5 cm) into a Hg-contaminated paddy soil. Our results showed that straw sizes regulated the release of different fractions of organic matter (OM) in straw residues and further Hg methylation in paddy soil. The easily degradable OM (EDOM) was a key driving factor that facilitated net Hg methylation, though it only occupied a small fraction (1.12-3.12%) of the soil OM. Powdered straw reduced the duration of net Hg methylation by 74.39% compared to 5 cm straw, resulting in a strong and rapid net Hg methylation in paddy soil before the rice flowering. After the release of EDOM, the humified OM dominated in paddy soil and bound to MeHg, leading to less MeHg being transported to rice grains during the grain filling. Powdered straw decreased MeHg accumulation by 25.32% in the mature rice grains compared with 5 cm straw. Our study suggests that straw powdering before incorporation provides a feasible pathway for reducing MeHg accumulation in rice grains induced by straw incorporation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Sun
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yongmin Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Chuxian Li
- Department of Forest Ecology & Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå 90136, Sweden
| | - Jinyong Huang
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Yingpeng Hua
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Caipeng Yue
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hongbo Chao
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Dingxi Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yongjiang Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Department of Environment and Quality Test, Chongqing Chemical Industry Vocational College, Chongqing 401220, China
| | - Dingyong Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zanganeh F, Heidari A, Sepehr A, Rohani A. Bioaugmentation and bioaugmentation-assisted phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil by a synergistic effect of cyanobacteria inoculation, biochar, and purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:6040-6059. [PMID: 34432211 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16061-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, soil contamination with heavy metals has become an environmental crisis due to their long-term stability and adverse biological effects. Therefore, bioremediation is an eco-friendly technology to remediate contaminated soil, which the efficiency requires further research. This study was designed to comparatively investigate two strategies: bioaugmentation by using a cyanobacterial species (Oscillatoria sp.) and bioaugmentation-assisted phytoremediation by using Oscillatoria sp. and purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) for the bioremediation of soil contaminated by heavy metals (Cr (III), Cr (VI), Fe, Al, and Zn). Various quantities of biochar (0.5, 2, and 5% (w/w)) were used as an amendment in the experiments to facilitate the remediation process. The results of the bioaugmentation test showed that applying biochar and cyanobacteria into contaminated soil significantly increased the chlorophyll a, nitrogen, and organic carbon contents. In contrast, the extractable fractions of Cr (III), Cr (VI), Zn, Al, and Fe declined compared with those of the control treatment. The highest reduction content (up to 87 %) in the extractable portion was obtained for Cr (VI). The development of longer root and hypocotyl lengths and vigour index from lettuces and radish seeds grown in the remediated soil confirmed the success of remediation treatments. Moreover, the findings of the bioaugmentation-assisted phytoremediation test displayed a reduction in the bioavailable fraction of Cr (III), Cr (VI), Zn, Al, and Fe. Cr (III) presented the highest reduction (up to 90 %) in metal bioavailability. With cyanobacteria inoculation and biochar addition, the shoot and root lengths of purslane grew 4.6 and 3-fold while the heavy metal accumulation decreased significantly. Besides, these treatments enhanced the tolerance index (TI) quantities of purslane whereas diminished its bioaccumulation coefficient (BAC) and bioconcentration factor (BCF) values. For all heavy metals (except Zn), translocation factor (TF) and BAC values were found to be less than 1.0 at all treatments, indicating the successful phytoextraction by the purslane. These results suggest that the purslane can be considered an excellent phytoextracting agent for soils contaminated with heavy metals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Zanganeh
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ava Heidari
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Adel Sepehr
- Department of Desert and Arid Zones Management, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abbas Rohani
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Xu Y, Yang R, Zhang J, Gao L, Ni X. Distribution and dispersion of heavy metals in the rock-soil-moss system of the black shale areas in the southeast of Guizhou Province, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:854-867. [PMID: 34342823 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15335-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Black shales are easily exposed due to human activities such as mining, road construction, and shale gas development, which results in several environmental issues including heavy metal (HM) pollution, soil erosion, and the destruction of vegetation. Mosses are widely used to monitor metal pollution in the atmosphere, but few studies on the distribution and dispersion of HMs in the rock-soil-moss system are available. Here, mosses (Pohlia flexuosa Harv. in Hook), growing soils, and corresponding parent rocks were collected from black shale areas. After appropriate pretreatment, samples were analyzed for multiple elemental concentrations by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. The results show that black shale parent rocks have elevated HM concentration and act as a source of multiple metals. The overlying soil significantly inherits and accumulates heavy metals released from black shale. Significant positive correlations between HMs in P. flexuosa and the growing soils indicate that HMs are mainly originating from geological source rather than atmospheric deposition. Differential accumulation of HMs is observed between rhizoids and stems in our study. Moreover, P. flexuosa is able to cope with high concentrations of toxic metals without any visible negative effect on its growth and development. Finally, the bioconcentration factor (BCF) for all the HMs in P. flexuosa is less than 1, indicating that it has a tolerance and exclusion mechanism for these metals, especially for the non-essential elements As and Pb. Therefore, the luxuriant and spontaneous growth of P. flexuosa could be used as a phytostabilization pioneer plant in the black shale outcrop where vascular plants are rare.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiyuan Xu
- College of Resources and Environment Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Ruidong Yang
- College of Resources and Environment Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China
| | - Lei Gao
- College of Resources and Environment Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xinran Ni
- College of Resources and Environment Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lv W, Zhan T, Abdelhafiz MA, Feng X, Meng B. Selenium-amended biochar mitigates inorganic mercury and methylmercury accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 291:118259. [PMID: 34600068 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Rice, as a dominant crop in China and Asia, can be a major route of methylmercury (MeHg) exposure for humans in inland China, especially in those living in mercury (Hg) polluted areas. Soil is the most prominent MeHg accumulation source for rice grains. The development of management practices to reduce MeHg in rice grains is crucial. This study explored the mitigation effect of biochar (BC) and sodium selenite-amended biochar (BC + Se) on MeHg production in paddy soil and accumulation in rice. Mercury-contaminated soil was treated with 1% and 5% of both BC and BC + Se. Soil MeHg concentration slightly increased under 1% BC/BC + Se compared to control soil but decreased at the rate of 5%. Moreover, soil phytoavailable MeHg (P-MeHg) diminished as the amount of Se-amended BC increased. BC + Se effectively mitigated MeHg accumulation in rice grains. The highest average contents of MeHg and inorganic Hg (IHg) in rice seeds were found in the control samples, followed by the 1%-BC, 5%-BC, 1%-BC + Se, and 5%-BC + Se samples. Under the 5%-BC + Se treatment, rice MeHg levels were reduced significantly (94%) compared to the control, and P-MeHg concentrations in soil were lower than all the other experimental groups throughout the rice-growing season. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of BC + Se in reducing MeHg and IHg accumulation in rice and could be employed for remediation of Hg polluted paddies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Lv
- School of Geography and Resources, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550018, China
| | - Tianli Zhan
- Institute of Mountain Resources of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Mahmoud A Abdelhafiz
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Xinbin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China; Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Bo Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hu H, Xi B, Tan W. Effects of sulfur-rich biochar amendment on microbial methylation of mercury in rhizosphere paddy soil and methylmercury accumulation in rice. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 286:117290. [PMID: 33984776 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biochar amendment has the potential to reduce methylmercury (MeHg) uptake by rice grains in soil-rice ecosystem. Considering that sulfur can strongly bind Hg and thus reduce its bioavailability, S-modified biochar has been used to immobilize Hg in soils. However, whether natural S-enriched biochar can further reduce Hg and MeHg phytoavailability remains unknown. Moreover, the rhizosphere is one of the most important microbial hotspots regulating the pollutant dynamics in terrestrial ecosystems. Therefore, it is of greater practical significance to examine the impact of biochar amendment on MeHg production and phytoavailability in the rhizosphere versus nonrhizosphere. Here, by conducting a pot experiment, we evaluated the efficacy of biochar derived from sulfur-enriched oilseed rape straw to reduce MeHg accumulation in rice. The results demonstrated that: (1) biochar-induced enhancement of chloride ion and sulfate levels in the overlying water and pore water facilitate microbial methylation of Hg and thus MeHg production in rhizosphere soil. (2) biochar amendment increased rhizosphere soil sulfur content and humic acid-like substances, strengthening MeHg binding to soil, and thus reducing grain MeHg levels by 47%-75%. Our results highlight the necessity to applying natural sulfur-rich biochar accompanied with exogenous sulfur to further reduce MeHg phytoavailability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hualing Hu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Beidou Xi
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Wenbing Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Poveda J, Martínez-Gómez Á, Fenoll C, Escobar C. The Use of Biochar for Plant Pathogen Control. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2021; 111:1490-1499. [PMID: 33529050 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-06-20-0248-rvw] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To support the search for alternative, nonchemical plant disease control strategies, we present a review of the pathogen-suppressive effects of biochar, a product derived from agricultural and other organic wastes, used as a soil amendment. A wide range of biochar effects contribute to the control of root or foliar fungal pathogens through modification of root exudates, soil properties, and nutrient availability, which influence the growth of antagonist microorganisms. The induction of systemic plant defenses by biochar in the roots to reduce foliar pathogenic fungi, the activation of stress-hormone responses, as well as changes in active oxygen species are indicative of a coordinated hormonal signaling within the plant. Although scarce data are available for oomycetes and bacterial pathogens, reports indicate that biochar promotes changes in the soil microbiota influencing pathogen motility and colonization, and the induction of plant systemic defenses, both contributing to disease suppression. Biochar also suppresses nematode and insect pests. For plant-parasitic nematodes, the primary modes of action are changes in soil microbial community diversity, the release of nematicidal compounds, and the induction of plant defenses. Use of biochar-based soil amendments is a promising strategy compatible with a circular economy, based on zero waste, as part of integrated pathogen and pest management. Since biochars exert complex and distinct modes of action for the control of plant pathogens, its nature and application regimes should be designed for particular pathogens and its effects studied locally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Poveda
- Biological Mission of Galicia (MBG-CSIC), Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Ángela Martínez-Gómez
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Área de Fisiología Vegetal, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III, s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Carmen Fenoll
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Área de Fisiología Vegetal, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III, s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Carolina Escobar
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Área de Fisiología Vegetal, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III, s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
- International Research Organization for Advanced Science and Technology (IROAST), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Man Y, Wang B, Wang J, Slaný M, Yan H, Li P, El-Naggar A, Shaheen SM, Rinklebe J, Feng X. Use of biochar to reduce mercury accumulation in Oryza sativa L: A trial for sustainable management of historically polluted farmlands. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 153:106527. [PMID: 33784588 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mitigating the risk of mercury (Hg) contamination in rice soils using environmental friendly amendments is essential to reducing the probable daily intake (PDI) of MeHg via rice consumption. Here, we examined the impacts of different doses (0% (control), 0.6% and 3%) of rice hull-derived biochar (RHB) and mixture of wheat-rice straw-derived biochar (RWB) on the fractionation, phytoavailability, and uptake of total (THg) and methyl Hg (MeHg) by rice in Hg-polluted soil (THg = 78.3 mg kg-1) collected from Wanshan Hg mining area. Both biochars increased rice biomass up to 119% as compared to control. Application of RHB and RWB significantly (P ≤ 0.05) decreased bioavailable Hg (soluble and exchangeable and specifically-sorbed fractions) concentrations by 55-71% and 67-72%, respectively. The addition of RHB significantly decreased MeHg concentrations in the soil. However, RWB (particularly at 3%) increased significantly MeHg concentrations in the soil as compared to the control and RHB treatments, likely due to the increased abundance of Hg-methylation microorganisms (e.g., Geobacter spp., Nitrospira spp.) in the RWB treatments. Both RHB and RWB significantly decreased MeHg concentrations in the rice grain by 55-85%. We estimated a reduction of the PDI of MeHg from 0.26 μg kg-1 bw d-1of control to below the reference dose (0.1 μg kg-1 bw d-1) of two biochar treatments. Our results highlight the potentiality of RWB and RHB for mitigating MeHg accumulation in rice and reducing PDI of MeHg via rice consumption, which offers a sustainable approach for management of Hg-polluted soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Man
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Jianxu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China; CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Michal Slaný
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84536 Bratislava, Slovakia; Institute of Construction and Architecture, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84503 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Haiyu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China.
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China
| | - Ali El-Naggar
- Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11241, Egypt
| | - Sabry M Shaheen
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Arid Land Agriculture, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment, and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kafrelsheikh, 33516 Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt.
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; University of Sejong, Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Guangjin-Gu, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea.
| | - Xinbin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China; CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Xi'an, 710061, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lei P, Tang C, Wang Y, Wu M, Kwong RWM, Jiang T, Zhong H. Understanding the effects of sulfur input on mercury methylation in rice paddy soils. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 778:146325. [PMID: 33725612 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur could be introduced into paddy soils via dry or wet deposition, irrigation, and fertilization, which subsequently impacts the production of methylmercury (MeHg), a bioaccumulative neurotoxicant. However, effects of sulfur input on MeHg production are variable, possibly due to the multiple effects of sulfur on Hg mobility and/or microbial Hg methylators, leading to uncertainties in predicting MeHg risk. To address that, we explored the effects of different types and amounts of sulfur as well as concentrations of ambient sulfate on Hg methylation in paddy soils, and elucidated the mechanisms by quantifying changes in (1) Hg mobility and (2) microbial Hg methylators (e.g., sulfate-reducing bacteria, SRB). Our results indicated that MeHg levels increased by 40-86% and 30-96% in soils under various types (i.e., 200 mg kg-1 elemental sulfur, ammonium sulfate, sulfur-coated urea and potassium sulfate (K2SO4)) and different amounts (i.e., 100, 200 and 400 mg kg-1 K2SO4) of sulfur input. The enhanced MeHg production could be explained by increased Hg mobility but not changes in microbial Hg methylators. Besides, sulfate input increased MeHg levels (89-240%) in soils with low ambient sulfate levels (<100 mg kg-1) but had no effect on high-sulfate soils (>380 mg kg-1). These could be explained by the diverse responses of Hg mobility and microbial Hg methylators to sulfate input at different ambient sulfate levels. Our study opens the "black box" of Hg methylation under sulfur input, which would help reduce uncertainties in predicting MeHg risk in soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yongjie Wang
- School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - MengJie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | | | - Tao Jiang
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå SE-90183, Sweden
| | - Huan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Environmental and Life Science Program (EnLS), Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang Y, Zhang Y, Ok YS, Jiang T, Liu P, Shu R, Wang D, Cao X, Zhong H. Biochar-impacted sulfur cycling affects methylmercury phytoavailability in soils under different redox conditions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 407:124397. [PMID: 33183839 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recently, there has been increasing interest in reducing methylmercury (MeHg) phytoavailability using biochar, although the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. By combining lab-scale batch incubation with pot and field validations, we demonstrate that biochar-impacted sulfur cycling in soils and MeHg-soil binding play key roles in controlling MeHg phytoavailability. (1) Under anoxic conditions, biochar-associated sulfate and biochar-facilitated microbial sulfate reduction enhanced the production of reduced inorganic sulfur species as acid-volatile sulfide (AVS) in soils by 122%, facilitating MeHg binding with soils and thus reducing MeHg phytoavailability. (2) In contrast, under oxic conditions, the reduced inorganic sulfur was oxidized (resulting in a 68-91% decrease in AVS), which released soil-bound MeHg and increased MeHg phytoavailability. The proposed mechanisms could explain the distinct effects of biochar amendment on MeHg bioaccumulation observed under anoxic (10-88% lower in rice grains) and oxic conditions (48-84% higher in wheat grains). Our results dispute the commonly held assumption that reduced MeHg phytoavailability under biochar amendment can be primarily attributed to MeHg-biochar binding. Therefore, the potential increased risk of MeHg in oxic soils following biochar amendment should be evaluated in more detail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center, O-Jeong Eco-Resilience Institute (OJERI) & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Tao Jiang
- College of Resources Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, PR China
| | - Peng Liu
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Rd., Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Rui Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Dingyong Wang
- College of Resources Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, PR China
| | - Xinde Cao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Huan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Environmental and Life Sciences Program (EnLS), Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Gamboa-Herrera JA, Ríos-Reyes CA, Vargas-Fiallo LY. Mercury speciation in mine tailings amended with biochar: Effects on mercury bioavailability, methylation potential and mobility. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 760:143959. [PMID: 33348158 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is a low-cost and environmentally friendly amendment with strong ability for adsorption of mercury (Hg) from aqueous solutions, contaminated soils, and sediments. In the present study, six biochars were prepared from the pyrolysis of cocoa pod husk, sugarcane bagasse and banana pseudostem at 400 and 600 °C in order to use them as an organic amendment and to evaluate their capacities to reduce the bioavailability, methylation potential, and mobility of Hg present in mine tailings without environmental treatment. To quantify the effects of each variety of biochar, incubation experiments of soil were established by mixing mine tailings with 5% by weight of biochar for 90 days. Once the incubation time concluded, sequential extraction procedures were carried out to determine the fractionation of the Hg species. Speciation analysis results indicated that the remedial effects of biochar depended on the source of organic matter and pyrolysis temperature. The bioavailable and organic Hg fractions decreased respectively by up to 75 and 79%, indicating a methylation potential reduction. Immobile Hg fraction increased to 76% with respect to the control. Adsorption and stabilization to HgS from the soluble forms of Hg reduce the percentage of bioavailable Hg. The organic Hg fraction reduction was correlated with the decrease of the bioavailable Hg fraction and with direct adsorption processes in the biochar structure. Highly porous biochars developed at high temperature, with large contents of superficial polar functional groups (H/C), and high pH, electrical conductivity, ash percentage and cation exchange capacity values favor the stabilization and adsorption of Hg in mine tailings. In summary, the application of biochar could be an effective method for the remediation of Hg-contaminated mine tailings, transforming the Hg species into less toxic, soluble, reactive, and bioavailable forms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J A Gamboa-Herrera
- Escuela de Geología, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga 680002, Colombia
| | - C A Ríos-Reyes
- Escuela de Geología, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga 680002, Colombia.
| | - L Y Vargas-Fiallo
- Escuela de Química, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga 680002, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lv D, Wang Z, Sun Y, Jin W, Wang Y, Zhou L, Zheng X. The effects of low-dose biochar amendments on arsenic accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:13495-13503. [PMID: 33185794 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11572-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of arsenic (As) in rice is one of the food security-related concerns in As-contaminated areas all over the world. Biochar, a potential green and cost-efficient amendment material, affects As mobility/phytoavailability in soil and As accumulation in rice plants to some extent, which remains unclear. Thus, three different biochars derived from rice straw, corn stalks, and bamboo were used to investigate the impacts of biochar amendments on As mobility/phytoavailability in As-contaminated soil using pot and microcosm experiments. The results showed a limited reduction (by 12-16%) in As accumulation in rice grains under a low-dose (0.5%, w/w) biochar amendment, although the three biochars displayed different physicochemical properties. In addition, the biochar amendments did not significantly decrease the As levels in the straw and roots, potentially because of the small changes in As mobility/phytoavailability in amended soil relative to the control. However, As levels in soil solution in the biochar treatment groups increased substantially, by 2.8-6.6 times, with increasing biochar doses (0.5-5%, w/w) in microcosm-based anaerobic incubation experiments, particularly at higher doses (3-5%, w/w). These results could be attributed to the biochar-enhancing activity of As(V)-/Fe(III)-reducing bacteria at a high biochar application rate. Our results suggested that applying high biochar doses may increase the release of As into the soil, resulting in As accumulation in rice plants. Therefore, to mitigate the health risk of As in As-contaminated paddy soils, the remediation technologies from biochar methods should be subjected to more evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Da Lv
- Anhui Technical College of Industry and Economy, Hefei, 230051, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Yafei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjia Jin
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Eco-Chongming, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China.
| | - Limin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Eco-Chongming, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangmin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Su Y, Kwong RWM, Tang W, Yang Y, Zhong H. Straw return enhances the risks of metals in soil? ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 207:111201. [PMID: 32905933 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between organic matter (OM) and metals in soils are important natural mechanisms that can mitigate metal bioaccumulation in terrestrial environments. A primary source of OM in soils is straw return, accounting for more than 65% of OM input. Straw-OM has long been believed to reduce metal bioaccumulation, e.g., by immobilizing metals in soils. However, there is growing evidence that straw return could possibly enhance bioavailability and thus risks (i.e., food safety) of some metals in crops, including Cd, Hg, and As. Poor understanding of straw return-induced increases in metal bioavailability would add uncertainty in assessing or mitigating risks of metals in contaminated farming soils. Here, 863 pieces of literature (2000-2019) that reported the effects of straw return on metal bioavailability and bioaccumulation were reviewed. Mechanisms responsible for the increased metal mobility and bioavailability under straw return are summarized, including the effects of dissolution, complexation, and methylation. Effects of straw return on the physiology and the absorption of metals in plants is also discussed (i.e., physiological effect). These mechanisms are then used to explain the observed increases in the mobility, bioavailability, and bioaccumulation of Cd, Hg, and As under straw amendment. Information summarized in this study highlights the importance to re-consider the current straw return policy, particularly in metal-contaminated farmlands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Su
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, PR China
| | - Raymond W M Kwong
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Wenli Tang
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, PR China
| | - Yanan Yang
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, PR China
| | - Huan Zhong
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, PR China; Environmental and Life Sciences Program (EnLS), Trent University, Peterborough, ON, K9L 0G2, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wang Y, Sun Y, He T, Deng H, Wang Z, Wang J, Zheng X, Zhou L, Zhong H. Biochar amendment mitigates the health risks of dietary methylmercury exposure from rice consumption in mercury-contaminated areas. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 267:115547. [PMID: 33254602 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of methylmercury (MeHg) in rice is an important MeHg exposure pathway in humans in several mercury (Hg)-contaminated areas. In this study, the effects of low-dose biochar (BC) amendment (0.3%, w/w) on MeHg mobility/phytoavailability in different Hg-contaminated paddy soils, MeHg accumulation in rice plants and the health risks associated with MeHg-laden rice consumption were investigated. Soils amended with different doses of bamboo-derived BC (0.3, 0.5, and 1%, w/w) were incubated under anoxic conditions in microcosm experiments. In addition, pot experiments were conducted involving rice cultivation with a low BC application rate (0.3%, w/w). We observed that (1) the fraction of extractable MeHg in soils decreased with BC addition in both the microcosm and pot experiments; (2) MeHg concentrations in the rice grains (brown rice) significantly decreased by 56-88% in response to BC amendment, which may be attributed mainly to decreases in MeHg mobility/phytoavailability in the soil; and (3) the hazard quotient (HQ) values for adults and children and fetal intelligence quotient (IQ) decrements associated with MeHg-laden rice consumption were significantly alleviated under BC amendment. Taken together, our findings suggest that a low dose of BC (0.3%, w/w) could have great potential for mitigating the health risks of dietary MeHg exposure from the consumption of rice grown in mercury (Hg)-contaminated areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China; Institute of Eco-Chongming, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Yafei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Tianrong He
- Key Laboratory of Karst Environment and Geohazard Prevention, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550003, PR China
| | - Hong Deng
- Institute of Eco-Chongming, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China; Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Technology Innovation Center for Land Spatial Eco-restoration in Metropolitan area, Ministry of Natural Resource, School of Ecological and Environmental Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Jiangtao Wang
- Institute of Eco-Chongming, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Xiangmin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Limin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China; Institute of Eco-Chongming, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Huan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China; Environmental and Life Sciences Program (EnLS), Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wang AO, Ptacek CJ, Paktunc D, Mack EE, Blowes DW. Application of biochar prepared from ethanol refinery by-products for Hg stabilization in floodplain soil: Impacts of drying and rewetting. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 267:115396. [PMID: 32882459 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated three biochars derived from bioenergy by-products - manure-based anaerobic digestate (DIG), distillers' grains (DIS), and a mixture thereof (75G25S) - as amendments to stabilize Hg in contaminated floodplain soil under long-term saturated (up to 200 d) and cyclic drying and rewetting conditions. Greater total Hg (THg) removal (72 to nearly 100%) and limited MeHg production (<65 ng L-1) were observed in digestate-based biochar-amended systems under initial saturated conditions. Drying and rewetting resulted in limited THg release, increased aqueous MeHg, and decreased solid MeHg in digestate-based biochar-amended systems. Changes in Fe and S chemistry as well as microbial communities during drying and rewetting potentially affected MeHg production. Digestate-based biochars may be more effective as amendments to control Hg release and minimize MeHg production in floodplain soils under long-term saturated and drying and rewetting conditions compared to distillers' grains biochar.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alana O Wang
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W., Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Carol J Ptacek
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W., Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Dogan Paktunc
- CanmetMINING, Natural Resource Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0G1, Canada
| | - E Erin Mack
- Formerly E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, 974 Centre Road, Wilmington, DE, 19805, USA
| | - David W Blowes
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W., Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wang Y, He T, Yin D, Han Y, Zhou X, Zhang G, Tian X. Modified clay mineral: A method for the remediation of the mercury-polluted paddy soil. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 204:111121. [PMID: 32798754 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Rice is easy to accumulate mercury (Hg), especially methylmercury (MeHg) with high toxicity, and this leads to a serious health risk for residents in some Hg-polluted areas of Asia. Thus, there is an urgent need to find soil remediation techniques that can both guarantee agricultural production and protect human health in these Hg-contaminated areas. In this study, montmorillonite (Mont) and medical stone (Med) were modified by a thiol-based material (-SH) and by chitosan to obtain modified clay mineral adsorbents. Pot experiments were then performed to explore their ability to reduce the levels of Hg and MeHg in rice and their reduction mechanisms. Compared with unmodified clay minerals, modified clay minerals had better Hg reduction efficiencies in rice. The amendment of SH-modified Med (Med-SH) had the highest THg and MeHg reduction efficiencies in rice, reaching up to 78% and 81%, respectively, and brought the THg concentration in the rice below China's health guidelines for rice (20 ng g-1). Not only did amendment of the SH-modified clay minerals reduce the exchangeable and specially adsorbed Hg in the soil, as did the other amendments, but they also significantly reduced the amount of oxide-bound Hg and MeHg in the soil, and greatly enhanced the retention of Hg and MeHg in soil, thus significantly reduced the concentration of Hg and MeHg in rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Tianrong He
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; College of Resources and Environment, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystems Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Deliang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; College of Resources and Environment, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystems Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Yixin Han
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xiang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Tang Z, Fan F, Deng S, Wang D. Mercury in rice paddy fields and how does some agricultural activities affect the translocation and transformation of mercury - A critical review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 202:110950. [PMID: 32800226 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Human exposure to methylmercury (MeHg) through rice consumption is raising health concerns. It has long been recognized that MeHg found in rice grain predominately originated from paddy soil. Anaerobic conditions in paddy fields promote Hg methylation, potentially leading to high MeHg concentrations in rice grain. Understanding the transformation and migration of Hg in the rice paddy system, as well as the effects of farming activities, are keys to assessing risks and developing potential mitigation strategies. Therefore, this review examines the current state of knowledge on: 1) sources of Hg in paddy fields; 2) how MeHg and inorganic Hg (IHg) are transformed (including abiotic and biotic processes); 3) how IHg and MeHg enter and translocate in rice plants; and 4) how regular farming activities (including the application of fertilizer, cultivation methods, choice of cultivar), affect Hg cycling in the paddy field system. Current issues and controversies on Hg transformation and migration in the paddy field system are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenya Tang
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science &Technology, Kunming, China; Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Fangling Fan
- School of Energy and Environment Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China.
| | - Shiping Deng
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
| | - Dingyong Wang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; State Cultivation Base of Eco-agriculture for Southwest Mountainous Land, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Liu W, Feng Y, Zhong H, Ptacek C, Blowes D, Liu Y, Finfrock YZ, Liu P, Wang S. Aqua regia digestion cannot completely extract Hg from biochar: A synchrotron-based study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 265:115002. [PMID: 32563950 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is commonly extracted from solid phase samples using aqua regia for total Hg (tHg) analysis. However, uncertainties exist regarding the complete extraction of Hg by aqua regia, especially from carbonaceous materials. To investigate whether aqua regia can completely extract Hg from biochars, batch-style experiments were carried out to evaluate extraction efficiency of aqua regia with respect to Hg-loaded biochar and to characterize the residual Hg speciation and spatial distribution. Different types of biochars (raw, FeCl3-modified, and FeSO4-modified, prepared at different temperatures) were reacted with Hg-spiked solution before the digestion experiments. Adsorption analyses indicate the biochars were successfully loaded with Hg and that the Hg content was higher in biochars pyrolyzed at higher temperature (900 versus 300 or 600 °C). The results of digestion experiments indicate Hg could not be completely extracted from the biochars tested, with a greater percentage of residual Hg in biochars pyrolyzed at 600 (60 ± 15%) and 900 (75 ± 22%) than 300 °C (7 ± 2%). Furthermore, the fraction of residual Hg in FeSO4-modified biochars after aqua regia digestion was significantly lower than in FeCl3-modified and unmodified biochars. Confocal micro-X-ray fluorescence imaging (CMXRFI) showed residual Hg in biochars is concentrated on surfaces prior to digestion, but more homogeneously distributed after digestion, which indicates Hg on biochar surface is more easily digested. Hg extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectra modelling showed residual Hg in biochars mainly exists as Hg(II)-Cl. These results indicate extra caution should be paid for tHg determinations using aqua regia digestion method in soil (especially in forest), sediment, and peat samples containing black carbon, activated carbon, or biochar.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenfu Liu
- School of Environmental Studies & State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yu Feng
- School of Environmental Studies & State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Huan Zhong
- School of the Environment, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Carol Ptacek
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - David Blowes
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - YingYing Liu
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Y Zou Finfrock
- Science Division, Canadian Light Source Inc., 44 Innovation Boulevard, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2V3, Canada; CLS@APS Sector 20, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Peng Liu
- School of Environmental Studies & State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Sheng Wang
- School of Environmental Studies & State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Zhong Y, Igalavithana AD, Zhang M, Li X, Rinklebe J, Hou D, Tack FMG, Alessi DS, Tsang DCW, Ok YS. Effects of aging and weathering on immobilization of trace metals/metalloids in soils amended with biochar. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2020; 22:1790-1808. [PMID: 32789328 DOI: 10.1039/d0em00057d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is an effective amendment for trace metal/metalloid (TMs) immobilization in soils. The capacity of biochar to immobilize TMs in soil can be positively or negatively altered due to the changes in the surface and structural chemistry of biochar after soil application. Biochar surfaces are oxidized in soils and induce structural changes through physical and biochemical weathering processes. These changes in the biochar surface and structural chemistry generally increase its ability to immobilize TMs, although the generation of dissolved black carbon during weathering may increase TM mobility. Moreover, biochar modification can improve its capacity to immobilize TMs in soils. Over the short-term, engineered/modified biochar exhibited increased TM immobilization capacity compared with unmodified biochar. In the long-term, no large distinctions in such capacities were seen between modified and unmodified biochars due to weathering. In addition, artificial weathering at laboratories also revealed increased TM immobilization in soils. Continued collection of mechanistic evidence will help evaluate the effect of natural and artificial weathering, and biochar modification on the long-term TM immobilization capacity of biochar with respect to feedstock and synthesis conditions in contaminated soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuchi Zhong
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Avanthi Deshani Igalavithana
- Korea Biochar Research Center & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Ming Zhang
- Korea Biochar Research Center & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea. and Department of Environmental Engineering, China Jiliang University, No. 258 Xueyuan Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodian Li
- Korea Biochar Research Center & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea. and Department of Environmental Engineering, China Jiliang University, No. 258 Xueyuan Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P. R. China
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, University of Wuppertal, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany and Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea
| | - Deyi Hou
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Filip M G Tack
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Daniel S Alessi
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea. and Department of Environmental Engineering, China Jiliang University, No. 258 Xueyuan Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Gui X, Liu C, Li F, Wang J. Effect of pyrolysis temperature on the composition of DOM in manure-derived biochar. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 197:110597. [PMID: 32311613 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays an important role in the migration and transformation of nutrients and pollutants. Recently, DOM derived from biochar has the potential to determine the application of biochar and has attracted much researcher's attention. However, the effects of pyrolysis temperature on the composition evolution of DOM in manure-derived biochar are still unclear. In this study, DOM solutions extracted from a series of biochars derived from three kinds of manure (chicken, swine and dairy) at six pyrolysis temperature (200-700 °C) were analyzed using UV-Visible, Fourier transform infrared and fluorescence spectroscopy, aiming to investigate the effects of pyrolysis temperature on the composition evolution of DOM. The results showed that, with the increased of pyrolysis temperature, the dissolved organic matter (DOC) content sharply declined to reach stable. High DOC content was obtained at low pyrolysis temperature. Moreover, the DOM mainly contained humic acid-like and protein-like substances. With the pyrolysis temperature increased, the protein-like substances firstly decreased and then increased, while there was an opposite trend for the humic acid-like substances. Moreover, functional groups evolution of DOM depended on the pyrolysis temperature and manure type, evidenced by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with two-dimensional correlation analysis. This study highlights the importance of optical analysis and may provide valuable information regarding the characteristics evolution of biochar-derived DOM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Gui
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, China
| | - Chen Liu
- School of Environmental and Materials Engineering, Shanghai Second Polytechnic University, Shanghai, 201209, China
| | - Feiyue Li
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biochar and Cropland Pollution Prevention, Anhui Laimujia Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Huaiyuan, 233000, China; Anhui Nongnongle Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., Huaiyuan, 233000, China.
| | - Jianfei Wang
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biochar and Cropland Pollution Prevention, Anhui Laimujia Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Huaiyuan, 233000, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Bishop K, Shanley JB, Riscassi A, de Wit HA, Eklöf K, Meng B, Mitchell C, Osterwalder S, Schuster PF, Webster J, Zhu W. Recent advances in understanding and measurement of mercury in the environment: Terrestrial Hg cycling. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 721:137647. [PMID: 32197286 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This review documents recent advances in terrestrial mercury cycling. Terrestrial mercury (Hg) research has matured in some areas, and is developing rapidly in others. We summarize the state of the science circa 2010 as a starting point, and then present the advances during the last decade in three areas: land use, sulfate deposition, and climate change. The advances are presented in the framework of three Hg "gateways" to the terrestrial environment: inputs from the atmosphere, uptake in food, and runoff with surface water. Among the most notable advances: These and other advances reported here are of value in evaluating the effectiveness of the Minamata Convention on reducing environmental Hg exposure to humans and wildlife.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Bishop
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7050, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | | | - Ami Riscassi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 400123, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4123, USA.
| | - Heleen A de Wit
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349, Norway.
| | - Karin Eklöf
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7050, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Bo Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China.
| | - Carl Mitchell
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada.
| | - Stefan Osterwalder
- Institut des Géosciences de l'Environnement, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, Grenoble 18 INP, 38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Paul F Schuster
- U.S. Geological Survey, 3215 Marine Street, Suite E-127, Boulder, CO 80303-1066, USA.
| | - Jackson Webster
- Department of Civil Engineering, California State University, 400 W. 1st Street, 21 95929-0930 Chico, CA, USA.
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183 Umeå, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Xing Y, Wang J, Shaheen SM, Feng X, Chen Z, Zhang H, Rinklebe J. Mitigation of mercury accumulation in rice using rice hull-derived biochar as soil amendment: A field investigation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 388:121747. [PMID: 32001101 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Effect of application of 24 t ha-1 and 72 t ha-1 rice hull-derived biochar (RHB) on total Hg (THg) and methylHg (MeHg) immobilization and their accumulations by rice plants were studied in a field experiment (Wanshan Hg mine, China). The addition of two doses of RHB significantly increased the biomass of rice plants, and decreased the MeHg concentration in the pore water, as compared to the control. The RHB promoted the partitioning of pore water MeHg to the soil solid phase throughout rice growing season, and pore water THg partitioning only at rice filling stage. Mercury methylation potential was weakly affected by the RHB addition to the soil. Mercury might be immobilized through binding of thiols (e.g., cysteine) presented in the RHB or in the soil induced by RHB addition. Biochar addition decreased MeHg and THg contents in the tissues of rice plants, particularly in the polished rice. We attributed the reduction of THg in the rice to the bio-dilution effect, and of MeHg content in the rice to the decreased MeHg availability in the soil by RHB addition. Results suggest that RHB might be suitable for managing Hg transfer in soil-rice plants at Hg contaminated mining regions in China and beyond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xing
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550002, PR China; University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Jianxu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, PR China; University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany; CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Xi'an, 710061, PR China.
| | - Sabry M Shaheen
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany; King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment, and Arid Land Agriculture, Department of Arid Land Agriculture, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; University of Kafrelsheikh, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil and Water Sciences, 33516, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt.
| | - Xinbin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, PR China.
| | - Zhuo Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550002, PR China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, PR China.
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany; University of Sejong, Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, 98 Gunja-Dong, Guangjin-Gu, Seoul, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Tu C, Wei J, Guan F, Liu Y, Sun Y, Luo Y. Biochar and bacteria inoculated biochar enhanced Cd and Cu immobilization and enzymatic activity in a polluted soil. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 137:105576. [PMID: 32070805 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The application of biochar in the remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil has received increasing global attention during the past decade. Although there has been some review work on the mechanism of heavy metals stabilization by biochar, the effects and mechanisms of interaction between biochar and functional microbes such as heavy metal tolerant, adsorption and transformation microbial strains remains unclear. In this paper, maize biochar and a heavy metal-tolerant strain Pseudomonas sp. NT-2 were selected to investigate the dynamic effects and potential mechanisms of biochar and bacteria loaded biochar on the stabilization of Cd and Cu mixed contaminated soil by a 75-day pot experiment. The results showed that, compared to the single biochar amendment, the application of biochar inoculated with NT-2 strain at the rate of 5% significantly increased the soil pH at the initial stage of incubation, and followed by a slight decline to a neutral-alkaline range during the reaction. The addition of NT-2 loaded biochar could also significantly increase the proportion of residual fraction of Cd and Cu, thus reduce the proportion of exchangeable and carbonate bound species in the soil, which lead to the decreasing of plant and human bioavailability of the metal in the soil indicated by DTPA and simulated human gastric solution extraction (UBM), respectively. Finally, the application of bacterial loaded biochar also markedly enhanced soil urease and catalase activities during the later stage of the incubation, and improved soil microbial community at the end of incubation, which indicates a recovery of soil function after the metal stabilization. The research results may provide some new insights into the development of functional materials and technologies for the green and sustainable remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil by the combination of biochar and functional microorganisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Tu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jing Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Feng Guan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Ying Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Yuhuan Sun
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Yongming Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Eckley CS, Gilmour CC, Janssen S, Luxton TP, Randall PM, Whalin L, Austin C. The assessment and remediation of mercury contaminated sites: A review of current approaches. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 707:136031. [PMID: 31869604 PMCID: PMC6980986 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Remediation of mercury (Hg) contaminated sites has long relied on traditional approaches, such as removal and containment/capping. Here we review contemporary practices in the assessment and remediation of industrial-scale Hg contaminated sites and discuss recent advances. Significant improvements have been made in site assessment, including the use of XRF to rapidly identify the spatial extent of contamination, Hg stable isotope fractionation to identify sources and transformation processes, and solid-phase characterization (XAFS) to evaluate Hg forms. The understanding of Hg bioavailability for methylation has been improved by methods such as sequential chemical extractions and porewater measurements, including the use of diffuse gradient in thin-film (DGT) samplers. These approaches have shown varying success in identifying bioavailable Hg fractions and further study and field applications are needed. The downstream accumulation of methylmercury (MeHg) in biota is a concern at many contaminated sites. Identifying the variables limiting/controlling MeHg production-such as bioavailable inorganic Hg, organic carbon, and/or terminal electron acceptors (e.g. sulfate, iron) is critical. Mercury can be released from contaminated sites to the air and water, both of which are influenced by meteorological and hydrological conditions. Mercury mobilized from contaminated sites is predominantly bound to particles, highly correlated with total sediment solids (TSS), and elevated during stormflow. Remediation techniques to address Hg contamination can include the removal or containment of Hg contaminated materials, the application of amendments to reduce mobility and bioavailability, landscape/waterbody manipulations to reduce MeHg production, and food web manipulations through stocking or extirpation to reduce MeHg accumulated in desired species. These approaches often rely on knowledge of the Hg forms/speciation at the site, and utilize physical, chemical, thermal and biological methods to achieve remediation goals. Overall, the complexity of Hg cycling allows many different opportunities to reduce/mitigate impacts, which creates flexibility in determining suitable and logistically feasible remedies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chris S Eckley
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region-10, 1200 6th Ave, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.
| | - Cynthia C Gilmour
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, 647 Contees Wharf Rd., Edgewater, MD 21037-0028, USA.
| | - Sarah Janssen
- USGS Upper Midwest Water Science Center, 8505 Research Way, Middleton, WI 53562, USA.
| | - Todd P Luxton
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA.
| | - Paul M Randall
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Lindsay Whalin
- San Francisco Bay Water Board, 1515 Clay St., Ste. 1400, Oakland, CA 94612, USA.
| | - Carrie Austin
- San Francisco Bay Water Board, 1515 Clay St., Ste. 1400, Oakland, CA 94612, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Jin W, Wang Z, Sun Y, Wang Y, Bi C, Zhou L, Zheng X. Impacts of biochar and silicate fertilizer on arsenic accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 189:109928. [PMID: 31767458 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Human exposure to arsenic (As) through rice consumption is a global food safety issue, especially in Southeast Asia. To investigate the impacts of biochar amendment (rice husk and smooth cordgrass-derived biochar) and/or silicate fertilizer on As mobility/phytoavailability in soil and on As accumulation in rice, pot and microcosm experiments were conducted. The results showed that both single application of low doses of biochar (0.5%, w/w) and coapplication of biochar with silicate fertilizer decreased As levels in grain (brown rice) by 14-16%, but not in straw and roots. The biodilution of As in grain resulting from increased grain biomass (by 6-21%) could be mainly a response to the decline in grain As levels with biochar and/or silicate fertilizer amendment. However, both applications exerted limited effects to decrease the overall As uptake by rice grain and straw, potentially due to the small changes in As mobility/phytoavailability in amended soil relative to the control, although plant-available silicon (Si) from amendment could potentially inhibit As uptake. Furthermore, microcosm-based anaerobic incubation experiments demonstrated that As levels in soil solution increased (up to 11-14-fold) with increasing doses of biochar amendment (up to 5%, w/w), possibly due to biochar enhancing the reductive dissolution of iron (oxyhydr) oxides via an increase in the total number of iron-reducing bacteria (up to 1.6-3.2-fold). Our findings suggested that a low application rate of biochar may not be a very effective approach for mitigating As accumulation in rice, while a high application rate could enhance the health risk of As in As-contaminated flooded soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Jin
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Yafei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Yongjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China; Institute of Eco-Chongming, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China.
| | - Chunjuan Bi
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China; Institute of Eco-Chongming, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China.
| | - Limin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China; Institute of Eco-Chongming, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Xiangmin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Liu N, Jiang Z, Li X, Liu H, Li N, Wei S. Mitigation of rice cadmium (Cd) accumulation by joint application of organic amendments and selenium (Se) in high-Cd-contaminated soils. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 241:125106. [PMID: 31683428 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the possible mediatory effect of organic amendments (vermicompost and biochar) and selenium (Se) on Cd bioaccumulation in both rice cultivars (high-Cd accumulation rice: Yuzhenxiang (YZX) and low-Cd accumulation rice: Changliangyou772 (CLY)) in high-Cd-contaminated soils. The results showed that Cd sensitivity and tolerance were cultivar-dependent, and grain Cd contents for CLY accorded with the Chinese national food safety standards (0.2 mg kg-1), whereas grain Cd levels for YZX were 1.4-5.8 times higher than those for CLY. Soil applications of amendments decreased grain Cd levels by 3.5%-36.9% for YZX and 36.1%-74.4% for CLY. Moreover, vermicompost (VC) was more effective in reducing Cd bioaccumulation than biochar (BC). A combination of Se and organic amendments could significantly increase grain Se contents and help further reduce grain Cd levels by 5.8%-20.8%, compared to the single organic amendments. This mitigation progress could be attributed to the changes of Cd translocation and distribution among rice tissues and the inhibition of Cd bioavailability in soil through the alteration in soil properties. Organic amendments, especially high dose (5%), increased soil pH and organic matter contents, and correspondingly decreased soil Cd bioavailability. A sequential extraction analysis suggested that organic amendments and Se facilitated the transformation of soil Cd from the bioavailable form to the immobilized Cd form, and thus decreased grain Cd levels. Hence, co-applications of organic amendments and Se in combination with low-Cd accumulation cultivar could be an effective strategy for both Se needs of humans and safe utilization of Cd polluted soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Department of Environment Science and Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing, 400715, China; State Cultivation Base of Eco-agriculture for Southwest Mountainous Land, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zhenmao Jiang
- College of Resources and Environment, Department of Environment Science and Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing, 400715, China; State Cultivation Base of Eco-agriculture for Southwest Mountainous Land, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xiong Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hanyi Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Department of Environment Science and Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing, 400715, China; State Cultivation Base of Eco-agriculture for Southwest Mountainous Land, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Na Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Department of Environment Science and Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing, 400715, China; State Cultivation Base of Eco-agriculture for Southwest Mountainous Land, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Shiqiang Wei
- College of Resources and Environment, Department of Environment Science and Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing, 400715, China; State Cultivation Base of Eco-agriculture for Southwest Mountainous Land, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Wang Y, Chen Z, Wu Y, Zhong H. Comparison of methylmercury accumulation in wheat and rice grown in straw-amended paddy soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 697:134143. [PMID: 31476499 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Paddy soil is a key area of methylmercury (MeHg) production and is dominated by fluctuating redox conditions following rice plant growth or rice-wheat rotation planting in eastern and southern Asia. The role of organic matter in the formation of MeHg under these biogeochemical redox cycles remains poorly understood, especially in certain mercury (Hg)-contaminated paddy soils. Here, we provide a detailed understanding of the formation of MeHg and its accumulation in crops (i.e., wheat and rice) in rice-wheat rotation systems under straw return. Two series of experiments, pot and microcosm experiments, were performed using Hg-contaminated paddy soil with 1% (w/w) wheat or rice straw addition under aerobic or anoxic conditions. The results showed that straw amendments increased MeHg levels in wheat (by 225%) and rice (by 20%) grains, most likely due to the elevated soil MeHg following straw amendment. Microcosm experiments further confirmed that fresh straw-derived organic matter enhances MeHg net production in soil through an overall increase in the activity of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), particularly under anoxic conditions. Our study clearly demonstrated that straw amendment enhanced MeHg accumulation in wheat and rice grains and highlighted that straw return in Hg-contaminated soils may increase the health risk of MeHg exposure to local residents via crop consumption. Thus, some guidance should be provided for crop residue return in rice-wheat rotation system farming practices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Zongya Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China; College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550002, PR China
| | - Yonggui Wu
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550002, PR China
| | - Huan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Environmental and Life Sciences Program (EnLS), Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Li Y, Wang Y, Zhang Q, Hu W, Zhao J, Chen Y, Zhong H, Wang G, Zhang Z, Gao Y. Elemental sulfur amendment enhance methylmercury accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown in Hg mining polluted soil. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 379:120701. [PMID: 31299630 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.05.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The influence of elemental sulfur (S(0)) amendment on methylmercury (MeHg) accumulation in rice and the chemical form of Hg in the rhizosphere were investigated under waterlogged conditions in Hg-contaminated soil (the majority of the Hg (˜70%) in forms similar to HgS). Different levels of S(0) addition increased the MeHg accumulation in rice. After a sequential extraction analysis of the chemical forms of Hg in the rhizosphere, the results showed that S(0) addition increased the organic bound Hg and decreased the residual Hg in the soils. An Hg LIII XANES further showed that S(0) addition increased the proportion of Hg in the form of RS-Hg-SR and decreased the proportion of Hg in the form of HgS, indicating that S(0) input may reactivate the non-bioavailable Hg in the rhizosphere and improve the net Hg methylation. These findings suggest that the application of S fertilizers to Hg-contaminated paddy soils may increase the MeHg concentration in the edible parts of crops, which may lead to more potential health problems in humans depending on the crop type. However, our study also suggests that S(0) addition could be an effective measure for mobilizing the insoluble Hg and accelerating the phytoremediation process in Hg-contaminated paddy soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, and HKU-IHEP Joint Laboratory on Metallomics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yongjie Wang
- School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Qijia Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Wenjun Hu
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Jiating Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, and HKU-IHEP Joint Laboratory on Metallomics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanhui Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China.
| | - Huan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Guo Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, and HKU-IHEP Joint Laboratory on Metallomics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuxi Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, and HKU-IHEP Joint Laboratory on Metallomics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Muller KA, Brandt CC, Mathews TJ, Brooks SC. Methylmercury sorption onto engineered materials. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 245:481-488. [PMID: 31170637 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.05.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Four commercially available sorbents (BioChar (BC), ThiolSAMMS® (TS), SediMite (SM), and Organoclay™ PM-199 (OC-199)) were tested for their ability to sorb methylmercury (MeHg) and MeHg complexed with dissolved organic matter (DOM). Testing sorption behavior with DOM is more representative of the environmental conditions and mercury speciation expected during in-situ remediation efforts. Isotherms were fit using a robust, iterative re-weighting scheme. This fitting approach improves upon the traditionally used indirect sorption method by removing the dependence between aqueous and solid phase concentrations in isotherm fitting. Developed isotherms show that without DOM, BC, TS, and SM adsorbed similar amounts of MeHg while OC-199 sorbed substantially less MeHg. Below an equilibrium concentration of 5.6 ng L-1 BC was the best performing sorbent, between 5.6 and 20.9 ng L-1 SM sorbed the most MeHg, and above an equilibrium concentration of 20.9 ng L-1 TS outperformed the other sorbents. BC and OC-199 showed indication of MeHg sorption saturation over the tested concentration range of 3.5-680 ng L-1. With DOM, SM outperformed the other sorbents at equilibrium concentrations less than 0.98 ng L-1 and TS was the superior MeHg:DOM sorbent at higher concentrations. MeHg:DOM sorption was controlled by DOM-sorbent interactions. DOM decreased MeHg sorption onto BC and SM whereas TS exhibited similar sorption with and without DOM. OC-199 had slightly higher MeHg uptake with DOM. East Fork Poplar Creek (EFPC), an industrially Hg contaminated site, was used as a case study example to build a relationship between aqueous and fish MeHg concentrations and subsequently compare the cost of sorbent materials required to meet regulatory objectives. For this case study, SM provided the most cost-effective sorbent option for in-situ remediation efforts to reduce aqueous MeHg concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A Muller
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6038, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6038, United States
| | - Craig C Brandt
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6038, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6038, United States
| | - Teresa J Mathews
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6038, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6038, United States
| | - Scott C Brooks
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6038, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6038, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
He L, Zhong H, Liu G, Dai Z, Brookes PC, Xu J. Remediation of heavy metal contaminated soils by biochar: Mechanisms, potential risks and applications in China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 252:846-855. [PMID: 31202137 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.05.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
There are global concerns about heavy metal (HM) contamination in soils, which in turn has produced an increased demand for soil remediation. Biochar has been widely documented to effectively immobilize metals in contaminated soils and has received increasing attention for use in soil remediation. Here, we review recent progresses in understanding metal-biochar interactions in soils, potential risks associated with biochar amendment, and application of biochar in soil remediation in China. These recent studies indicate that: (1) the remediation effect depends on the characteristics of both biochar and soil and their interactions; (2) biochar applications could decrease the mobility/bioavailability of HMs in soils and HM accumulation in plants; and (3) despite its advantages, biochar applications could pose ecological and health risks, e.g., by releasing toxic substances into soils or by inhalation of biochar dust. Research gaps still exist in the development of practical methods for preparing and applying different biochars that target specific HMs. In the future, the long term effects and security of biochar applications on soil remediation, soil organisms and plant growth need to be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lizhi He
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Huan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Guangxia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Zhongmin Dai
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Philip C Brookes
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jianming Xu
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Wei J, Tu C, Yuan G, Bi D, Wang H, Zhang L, Theng BKG. Pyrolysis Temperature-Dependent Changes in the Characteristics of Biochar-Borne Dissolved Organic Matter and Its Copper Binding Properties. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2019; 103:169-174. [PMID: 29982867 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-018-2392-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The dissolved organic matter (DOM) samples from biochars produced from Jerusalem artichoke stalks by pyrolysis at 300, 500, and 700 °C were characterized using a combination of spectroscopic techniques. Additionally, the binding affinities (long KM) and the complexation capacities (CL) of the DOM samples with Cu(II) were calculated to assess their Cu binding properties. The biochar-borne DOM contained mainly humic-like components (C1-C3) with a small amount of a protein-like component (C4). As the charring temperature increased, the concentrations of released DOM decreased. The low temperature biochar-borne DOM was found to have more carboxyl groups than its high temperature counterparts, and thus it had larger CL values. In contrast, the high temperature biochar-borne DOM had larger long KM values. Low temperature biochars, if applied in a large quantity, would alter copper mobility in the environment because of their high DOM contents and large copper binding capacities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wei
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Yantai, 264003, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Chen Tu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Yantai, 264003, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Guodong Yuan
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, 526061, China.
| | - Dongxue Bi
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Yantai, 264003, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Benny K G Theng
- Landcare Research, Private Bag 11052, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Beckers F, Mothes S, Abrigata J, Zhao J, Gao Y, Rinklebe J. Mobilization of mercury species under dynamic laboratory redox conditions in a contaminated floodplain soil as affected by biochar and sugar beet factory lime. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 672:604-617. [PMID: 30970288 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mercury and its species are toxic and therefore strategies to immobilize them or to impede the formation of bioaccumulative MeHg are a hot topic of ongoing research. Biochar (BC) and sugar beet factory lime (SBFL) are suggested to have the potential to meet these goals. However, their ability to restrain the mobilization of total Hg (Hgt), methylmercury (MeHg), and ethylmercury (EtHg) or the formation of MeHg and EtHg has not been examined to date. Moreover, the effect of systematically altered redox conditions on the release dynamics of Hgt, MeHg, and EtHg in a contaminated floodplain soil as affected by these soil amendments has not been studied. Therefore, we investigated the impact of pre-defined redox conditions on the release dynamics of Hgt, MeHg, and EtHg in a contaminated floodplain soil (CS) and the soil amended with either BC (CS+BC) or SBFL (CS+SBFL). The mobilization of Hgt, MeHg, and EtHg was generally higher at low redox potential (EH) and decreased with increasing EH, irrespective of soil treatment. Both BC and SBFL diminished the release of Hgt from soil but not the methylation and ethylation of Hg. In CS+SBFL approximately half of Hgt was found in solution compared to CS. However, higher methylation efficiency (MeHg/Hgt ratio) was found in CS+SBFL counterbalancing this benefit. Abundances of specific phospholipid fatty acids suggest the presence of sulfate-reducing bacteria, which are considered as primary Hg methylators. The results indicate that both BC and SBFL have the potential to curtail the release of Hgt from inundated soils, while SBFL was more efficient. However, these amendments had no marked effect on the MeHg and EtHg concentrations. Therefore, further research should be conducted to identify soil additives that are capable to reduce the release and formation of these Hg species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Beckers
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Sibylle Mothes
- UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jens Abrigata
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Jiating Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nuclear Analytical Techniques, Key Lab for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuxi Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nuclear Analytical Techniques, Key Lab for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment, Energy & Geoinformatics, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-Dong, Guangjin-Gu, Seoul, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Liu P, Ptacek CJ, Blowes DW. Mercury Complexation with Dissolved Organic Matter Released from Thirty-Six Types of Biochar. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2019; 103:175-180. [PMID: 30008039 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-018-2397-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies show mercury (Hg) can be effectively removed from solution by biochar, but limited attention was paid on the complexation between Hg and components released from biochars, e.g. dissolved organic matter (DOM). Here, aqueous data from batch-style experiments were modeled using PHREEQC, incorporating thermodynamic constants between Hg and DOM, which was assumed to be composed of thiol, carboxylic, and phenolic functional groups. Modelling results suggest that > 99% Hg complexed with thiol groups in DOM. The modelled concentrations of Hg-DOM complexes from low-T (low-temperature, 300°C) biochars were greater than from high-T (600°C) biochars. The concentrations of Hg-DOM complexes were lower in wood-based than in agricultural residue- and manure-based biochars. Hg-DOM complexes may affect Hg speciation, bioavailability, transport, and methylation processes. This research describes a method to evaluate Hg-DOM interactions, and the results indicate extra caution regarding Hg-DOM complex formation is required in the selection of biochar for Hg remediation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Rd., Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W., Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Carol J Ptacek
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W., Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - David W Blowes
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W., Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Turull M, Fontàs C, Díez S. Conventional and novel techniques for the determination of Hg uptake by lettuce in amended agricultural peri-urban soils. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 668:40-46. [PMID: 30851683 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Peri-urban agriculture provides environmental benefits to the nearby urban areas. However, domestic and industrial infrastructures can be sources of pollution that can affect agricultural production. In this work, the diffusive gradient in thin film (DGT) technique was used to assess the bioavailability of mercury (Hg) in organic-amended agricultural soils, and uptake by lettuce. Two different amendments were studied individually in three different sets using a wood-based biochar at two rates (3% and 6%, w/w), and compost at one rate (30% w/w). The effect of the amendments on Hg bioavailability, mobility and uptake was investigated by means of both DGT analyses and accumulation of Hg by lettuce. DGT manufactured in-house devices with polyacrylamide gel using both open and restricted diffusive layers (ODL and RDL, respectively) were used to determine organic and inorganic Hg labile species in soils, respectively. The Hg concentration in lettuce leaves and roots were analyzed and compared with DGT measurements to predict the uptake of Hg from the different organic-amended soils and the non-amended soils. Results show that the application of biochar reduces the bioavailability of Hg in soil and, in consequence, the Hg uptake by lettuce. Inorganic Hg species were predominant in all the different sets of the experiment (62-97%), although the addition of the different amendments reduced the free ionic species in soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Turull
- Environmental Chemistry Department, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDÆA-CSIC, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clàudia Fontàs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Girona, C/Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69,17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Sergi Díez
- Environmental Chemistry Department, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDÆA-CSIC, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Beckers F, Awad YM, Beiyuan J, Abrigata J, Mothes S, Tsang DCW, Ok YS, Rinklebe J. Impact of biochar on mobilization, methylation, and ethylation of mercury under dynamic redox conditions in a contaminated floodplain soil. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 127:276-290. [PMID: 30951944 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is a highly toxic element, which is frequently enriched in flooded soils due to its anthropogenic release. The mobilization of Hg and its species is of ultimate importance since it controls the transfer into the groundwater and plants and finally ends in the food chain, which has large implications on human health. Therefore, the remediation of those contaminated sites is an urgent need to protect humans and the environment. Often, the stabilization of Hg using amendments is a reliable option and biochar is considered a candidate to fulfill this purpose. We tested two different pine cone biochars pyrolyzed at 200 °C or 500 °C, respectively, with a view to decrease the mobilization of total Hg (Hgt), methylmercury (MeHg), and ethylmercury (EtHg) and/or the formation of MeHg and EtHg in a contaminated floodplain soil (Hgt: 41 mg/kg). We used a highly sophisticated automated biogeochemical microcosm setup to systematically alter the redox conditions from ~-150 to 300 mV. We continuously monitored the redox potential (EH) along with pH and determined dissolved organic carbon (DOC), SUVA254, chloride (Cl-), sulfate (SO42-), iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn) to be able to explain the mobilization of Hg and its species. However, the impact of biochar addition on Hg mobilization was limited. We did not observe a significant decrease of Hgt, MeHg, and EtHg concentrations after treating the soil with the different biochars, presumably because potential binding sites for Hg were occupied by other ions and/or blocked by biofilm. Solubilization of Hg bound to DOC upon flooding of the soils might have occurred which could be an indirect impact of EH on Hg mobilization. Nevertheless, Hgt, MeHg, and EtHg in the slurry fluctuated between 0.9 and 52.0 μg/l, 11.1 to 406.0 ng/l, and 2.3 to 20.8 ng/l, respectively, under dynamic redox conditions. Total Hg concentrations were inversely related to the EH; however, ethylation of Hg was favored at an EH around 0 mV while methylation was enhanced between -50 and 100 mV. Phospholipid fatty acid profiles suggest that sulfate-reducing bacteria may have been the principal methylators in our experiment. In future, various biochars should be tested to evaluate their potential in decreasing the mobilization of Hg and to impede the formation of MeHg and EtHg under dynamic redox conditions in frequently flooded soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Beckers
- University of Wuppertal, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Waste and Water Management, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Soil and Groundwater Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Yasser Mahmoud Awad
- University of Wuppertal, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Waste and Water Management, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Soil and Groundwater Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; Korea Biochar Research Center, O-Jeong Eco-Resilience Institute (OJERI) & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Jingzi Beiyuan
- University of Wuppertal, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Waste and Water Management, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Soil and Groundwater Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jens Abrigata
- University of Wuppertal, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Waste and Water Management, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Soil and Groundwater Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Sibylle Mothes
- UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center, O-Jeong Eco-Resilience Institute (OJERI) & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Waste and Water Management, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Soil and Groundwater Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment, Energy & Geoinformatics, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-Dong, Guangjin-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|