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Olszowy-Tomczyk M, Typek R. Transformation of phenolic acids during radical neutralization. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2024; 61:790-797. [PMID: 38410270 PMCID: PMC10894153 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-023-05879-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Negative influence of reactive oxygen species on living organisms and stability of food products is the reason for significant interest in the substances exhibiting antioxidant properties. Phenolic acids are very popular among the known diet antioxidants. The paper presents the results of research on the application of chromatographic measurements for determination of antioxidant changes and products of radical neutralization reaction for the chosen phenolic acids (caffeic, ferulic, p-coumaric, protocatechuic and vanilic). The measurements were performed using the ABTS method in a long period time (8 days). The experiments have shown that the examined acids were depletion to ca 50 h but the reaction products (dimers or quinones) were converted into new compounds, observed in both methanolic and ethanolic measuring systems after a given period of time. The obtained results seem to be important in the context of living organisms because the biological activity of transformation products and their impact on human health have not been fully recognized yet. Moreover, the presented results can be interesting for both the producer and the consumer of food as generated substances may have influence on the nutritional value as well as the taste and aroma of the food in which phenolic compounds are applied. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13197-023-05879-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Olszowy-Tomczyk
- Department of Chromatography, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie Sklodowska University, Pl. Marii Curie Sklodowskiej 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Rafał Typek
- Department of Chromatography, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie Sklodowska University, Pl. Marii Curie Sklodowskiej 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
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Akbaş P, Kaya E, Makav M, Yıldız G. Investigation of antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Chenopodium album extracts and their effects on gentamicin nephrotoxicity in rats. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:8121-8130. [PMID: 38107094 PMCID: PMC10724581 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to examine the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the aerial parts of Chenopodium album extracts (CAE) prepared with different solvents, and how C. album ethanol extract protects them against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. Extracts of C. album aerial parts were obtained from ethanol, water, methanol, chloroform, and hexane solvents. Thirty-two male Wistar albino rats were used and gentamycin-induced nephrotoxicity was utilized as a model. The water extract of C. album exhibited no antimicrobial effect, whereas the methanol one created the highest zone diameter on Bacillus cereus (26 mm). The methanol extract displayed the highest activity in DPPH and ABTS. The ethanol extract yielded the highest reducing power in the CUPRAC. The water extract had the highest reducing power in the FRAP. Concerning gentamicin-induced renal damage, creatinine and urea levels in the blood were statistically higher in the gentamicin-C. album group compared to the other groups (p < .05). Urea and creatinine levels of the gentamicin-C. album group dropped significantly, indicating that the C. album was effective against renal damage. The sections from kidney tissues in the gentamicin + C. album group mostly exhibited mild glomerular congestion. Hyaline cast, cytoplasmic vacuolization, necrosis, and apoptosis were not observed. Thanks to C. album treatment, the gentamicin + C. album suffered less histopathological damage than the gentamicin group did. The results of the present study suggest that CAE can be used as a supportive treatment in people undergoing treatment for nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perihan Akbaş
- Karadeniz Advanced Technology Research and Application CenterOndokuz Mayıs UniversitySamsunTurkey
| | - Elife Kaya
- Department of Food Processing, Technical Sciences Vocational SchoolKahramanmaras Sutcu Imam UniversityKahramanmarasTurkey
| | - Mustafa Makav
- Department of Physiology, Veterinary FacultyKafkas UniversityKarsTurkey
| | - Gülden Yıldız
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of MedicineKafkas UniversityKarsTurkey
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Panis F, Rompel A. Biochemical Investigations of Five Recombinantly Expressed Tyrosinases Reveal Two Novel Mechanisms Impacting Carbon Storage in Wetland Ecosystems. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:13863-13873. [PMID: 37656057 PMCID: PMC10515480 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c02910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Wetlands are globally distributed ecosystems characterized by predominantly anoxic soils, resulting from water-logging. Over the past millennia, low decomposition rates of organic matter led to the accumulation of 20-30% of the world's soil carbon pool in wetlands. Phenolic compounds are critically involved in stabilizing wetland carbon stores as they act as broad-scale inhibitors of hydrolytic enzymes. Tyrosinases are oxidoreductases capable of removing phenolic compounds in the presence of O2 by oxidizing them to the corresponding o-quinones. Herein, kinetic investigations (kcat and Km values) reveal that low-molecular-weight phenolic compounds naturally present within wetland ecosystems (including monophenols, diphenols, triphenols, and flavonoids) are accepted by five recombinantly expressed wetland tyrosinases (TYRs) as substrates. Investigations of the interactions between TYRs and wetland phenolics reveal two novel mechanisms that describe the global impact of TYRs on the wetland carbon cycle. First, it is shown that o-quinones (produced by TYRs from low-molecular-weight phenolic substrates) are capable of directly inactivating hydrolytic enzymes. Second, it is reported that o-quinones can interact with high-molecular-weight phenolic polymers (which inhibit hydrolytic enzymes) and remove them through precipitation. The balance between these two mechanisms will profoundly affect the fate of wetland carbon stocks, particularly in the wake of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Panis
- Universität
Wien, Fakultät für Chemie, Institut für Biophysikalische
Chemie, Josef-Holaubek-Platz
2, 1090 Wien, Austria, https://www.bpc.univie.ac.at/en/
| | - Annette Rompel
- Universität
Wien, Fakultät für Chemie, Institut für Biophysikalische
Chemie, Josef-Holaubek-Platz
2, 1090 Wien, Austria, https://www.bpc.univie.ac.at/en/
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4
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Catalá TS, Speidel LG, Wenzel-Storjohann A, Dittmar T, Tasdemir D. Bioactivity profile of dissolved organic matter and its relation to molecular composition. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2023; 13:32. [PMID: 37721596 PMCID: PMC10507005 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-023-00395-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) occupies a huge and uncharted molecular space. Given its properties, DOM can be presented as a promising biotechnological resource. However, research into bioactivities of DOM is still in early stages. In this study, the biotechnological potential of terrestrial and marine DOM, its molecular composition and their relationships are investigated. Samples were screened for their in vitro antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer and antioxidant activities. Antibacterial activity was detected against Staphylococcus aureus in almost all DOM samples, with freshwater DOM showing the lowest IC50 values. Most samples also inhibited Staphylococcus epidermidis, and four DOM extracts showed up to fourfold higher potency than the reference drug. Antifungal activity was limited to only porewater DOM towards human dermatophyte Trichophyton rubrum. No significant in vitro anticancer activity was observed. Low antioxidant potential was exerted. The molecular characterization by FT-ICR MS allowed a broad compositional overview. Three main distinguished groups have been identified by PCoA analyses. Antibacterial activities are related to high aromaticity content and highly-unsaturated molecular formulae (O-poor). Antifungal effect is correlated with highly-unsaturated molecular formulae (O-rich). Antioxidant activity is positively related to the presence of double bonds and polyphenols. This study evidenced for the first time antibacterial and antifungal activity in DOM with potential applications in cosmeceutical, pharmaceutical and aquaculture industry. The lack of cytotoxicity and the almost unlimited presence of this organic material may open new avenues in future marine bioprospecting efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa S Catalá
- Global Society Institute, Wälderhaus, Hamburg, Germany.
- Organization for Science, Education and Global Society gGmbH, Stuttgart, Germany.
- ICBM-MPI Bridging Group for Marine Geochemistry, Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.
| | - Linn G Speidel
- ICBM-MPI Bridging Group for Marine Geochemistry, Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- Geological Institute, Department of Earth Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Arlette Wenzel-Storjohann
- GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology, Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Am Kiel-Kanal 44, 24106, Kiel, Germany
| | - Thorsten Dittmar
- ICBM-MPI Bridging Group for Marine Geochemistry, Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Deniz Tasdemir
- GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology, Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Am Kiel-Kanal 44, 24106, Kiel, Germany
- Kiel University, Christian-Albrechts-Platz 4, 24118, Kiel, Germany
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Yang X, Chen S, Du K, Shang Y, Fang S, Li J, Zhang H, Chang Y. Simultaneous determination of multiple components in rat plasma by UHPLC-sMRM for pharmacokinetic studies after oral administration of Qingjin Yiqi Granules. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1155973. [PMID: 37124227 PMCID: PMC10133546 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1155973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
As a Traditional Chinese Medicine prescription, Qingjin Yiqi Granules (QJYQ) provides an effective treatment for patients recovering from COVID-19. However, the pharmacokinetics characteristics of the main components of QJYQ in vivo are still unknown. An efficacious ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of 33 components in rat plasma after oral administration of QJYQ. The plasma samples were precipitated with 400 µL methanol/acetonitrile (1/1, v/v) and analyzed in scheduled multiple reaction monitoring mode. The linear relationship of the 33 components was good (r > 0.9928). The lower limit of quantification for 33 components ranged from 0.4-60.5 ng/mL. The average recoveries and matrix effects of the analytes ranged from 72.9% to 115.0% with RSD of 1.4%-15.0%. All inter-day and intra-day RSDs were within 15.0%. After oral administration (3.15 g/kg), the validated approach was effectively applied to the pharmacokinetics of main components of QJYQ. Finally, fifteen main constituents of QJYQ with large plasma exposure were obtained, including baicalin, wogonoside, wogonin, apigenin-7-O-glucuronide, verbenalin, isoferulic acid, hesperidin, liquiritin, harpagide, protocatechuic acid, p-Coumaric acid, ferulic acid, sinapic acid, liquiritin apioside and glycyrrhizic acid. The present research lays a foundation for clarifying the therapeutic material basis of QJYQ and provides a reference for further scientific research and clinical application of QJYQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shujing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Kunze Du
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ye Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shiming Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Han Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Han Zhang, ; Yanxu Chang,
| | - Yanxu Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Han Zhang, ; Yanxu Chang,
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Panis F, Rompel A. The Novel Role of Tyrosinase Enzymes in the Storage of Globally Significant Amounts of Carbon in Wetland Ecosystems. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:11952-11968. [PMID: 35944157 PMCID: PMC9454253 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c03770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Over the last millennia, wetlands have been sequestering carbon from the atmosphere via photosynthesis at a higher rate than releasing it and, therefore, have globally accumulated 550 × 1015 g of carbon, which is equivalent to 73% of the atmospheric carbon pool. The accumulation of organic carbon in wetlands is effectuated by phenolic compounds, which suppress the degradation of soil organic matter by inhibiting the activity of organic-matter-degrading enzymes. The enzymatic removal of phenolic compounds by bacterial tyrosinases has historically been blocked by anoxic conditions in wetland soils, resulting from waterlogging. Bacterial tyrosinases are a subgroup of oxidoreductases that oxidatively remove phenolic compounds, coupled to the reduction of molecular oxygen to water. The biochemical properties of bacterial tyrosinases have been investigated thoroughly in vitro within recent decades, while investigations focused on carbon fluxes in wetlands on a macroscopic level have remained a thriving yet separated research area so far. In the wake of climate change, however, anoxic conditions in wetland soils are threatened by reduced rainfall and prolonged summer drought. This potentially allows tyrosinase enzymes to reduce the concentration of phenolic compounds, which in turn will increase the release of stored carbon back into the atmosphere. To offer compelling evidence for the novel concept that bacterial tyrosinases are among the key enzymes influencing carbon cycling in wetland ecosystems first, bacterial organisms indigenous to wetland ecosystems that harbor a TYR gene within their respective genome (tyr+) have been identified, which revealed a phylogenetically diverse community of tyr+ bacteria indigenous to wetlands based on genomic sequencing data. Bacterial TYR host organisms covering seven phyla (Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Nitrospirae, Planctomycetes, and Proteobacteria) have been identified within various wetland ecosystems (peatlands, marshes, mangrove forests, bogs, and alkaline soda lakes) which cover a climatic continuum ranging from high arctic to tropic ecosystems. Second, it is demonstrated that (in vitro) bacterial TYR activity is commonly observed at pH values characteristic for wetland ecosystems (ranging from pH 3.5 in peatlands and freshwater swamps to pH 9.0 in soda lakes and freshwater marshes) and toward phenolic compounds naturally present within wetland environments (p-coumaric acid, gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, caffeic acid, catechin, and epicatechin). Third, analyzing the available data confirmed that bacterial host organisms tend to exhibit in vitro growth optima at pH values similar to their respective wetland habitats. Based on these findings, it is concluded that, following increased aeration of previously anoxic wetland soils due to climate change, TYRs are among the enzymes capable of reducing the concentration of phenolic compounds present within wetland ecosystems, which will potentially destabilize vast amounts of carbon stored in these ecosystems. Finally, promising approaches to mitigate the detrimental effects of increased TYR activity in wetland ecosystems and the requirement of future investigations of the abundance and activity of TYRs in an environmental setting are presented.
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Botti G, Bianchi A, Pavan B, Tedeschi P, Albanese V, Ferraro L, Spizzo F, Del Bianco L, Dalpiaz A. Effects of Microencapsulated Ferulic Acid or Its Prodrug Methyl Ferulate on Neuroinflammation Induced by Muramyl Dipeptide. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10609. [PMID: 36078325 PMCID: PMC9518205 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ferulic acid (Fer) is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, which are possibly useful against neurodegenerative diseases. Despite the ability of Fer to permeate the brain, its fast elimination from the body does not allow its therapeutic use to be optimized. The present study proposes the preparation and characterization of tristearin- or stearic acid-based solid lipid microparticles (SLMs) as sustained delivery and targeting systems for Fer. The microparticles were produced by conventional hot emulsion techniques. The synthesis of the methyl ester of Fer (Fer-Me) allowed its encapsulation in the SLMs to increase. Fer-Me was hydrolyzed to Fer in rat whole blood and liver homogenate, evidencing its prodrug behavior. Furthermore, Fer-Me displayed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The amount of encapsulated Fer-Me was 0.719 ± 0.005% or 1.507 ± 0.014% in tristearin or stearic acid SLMs, respectively. The tristearin SLMs were able to control the prodrug release, while the stearic acid SLMs induced a significant increase of its dissolution rate in water. Jointly, the present results suggest that the tristearin SLMs loaded with Fer-Me could be a potential formulation against peripheral neuropathic pain; conversely, the stearic acid SLMs could be useful for Fer-Me uptake in the brain after nasal administration of the formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Botti
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, via Fossato di Mortara 19, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Anna Bianchi
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, via Fossato di Mortara 19, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Barbara Pavan
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation—Section of Physiology, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paola Tedeschi
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, via Fossato di Mortara 19, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Valentina Albanese
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Corso Ercole I d’Este 32, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luca Ferraro
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara and LTTA Center, via Fossato di Mortara 19, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Federico Spizzo
- Department of Physics and Earth Science, University of Ferrara, via G. Saragat 1, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Lucia Del Bianco
- Department of Physics and Earth Science, University of Ferrara, via G. Saragat 1, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandro Dalpiaz
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, via Fossato di Mortara 19, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
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Raina S, Sharma V, Sheikh ZN, Kour N, Singh SK, Zari A, Zari TA, Alharby HF, Hakeem KR. Anticancer Activity of Cordia dichotoma against a Panel of Human Cancer Cell Lines and Their Phytochemical Profiling via HPLC and GCMS. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27072185. [PMID: 35408583 PMCID: PMC9000789 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study was conducted to examine the in vitro anticancer potential of Cordia dichotoma (bark, leaves, pulp and seed). The plant material was collected from UT of J&K and methodical bioassays were carried out on ten human cancer cell lines (Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7), M.D. Anderson-Metastatic Breast (MDA-MB-231), Neuroblastoma-2a (N2A), SH-SY5Y, U-251, HCT-116, SW-620, A-549, MIA PaCa-2, Panc-1) from five different origins (breast, CNS, colon, lung, pancreas) respectively. Methanolic extracts were produced and fractions were then obtained from the extracts and evaluated for cytotoxicity. Mechanistic assays, HPLC, and GCMS profiling were performed on the highest active fraction. The Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay determined the in vitro cytotoxicity. The findings revealed that the bark portion had in vitro cytotoxicity against the A-549 human lung cancer cell line. To our knowledge, this is the first study to show that the plant’s bark has anticancer properties and induced chromatin condensation, confirmed cell death via ROS generation, and significantly decreased colony formation in A-549 cell line from lung origin in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, HPLC and GCMS investigations indicated the presence of a number of bioactive molecules such as gallic acid (144,969.86) uV*sec, caffeic acid (104.26) uV*sec, ferulic acid (472.87) uV*sec, vanillic acid (13,775.39) uV*sec, palmitic acid (18.34%), cis vaccenic acid (28.81%), etc. and one of the compounds was reported for the first time from the bark. As a result of its promising efficacy, it may become an essential cancer chemopreventive or chemotherapeutic medication for patients with lung carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Raina
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Main Campus Chatha, Jammu 180009, India; (S.R.); (Z.N.S.); (N.K.)
| | - Vikas Sharma
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Main Campus Chatha, Jammu 180009, India; (S.R.); (Z.N.S.); (N.K.)
- Correspondence: (V.S.); (K.R.H.)
| | - Zahid Nabi Sheikh
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Main Campus Chatha, Jammu 180009, India; (S.R.); (Z.N.S.); (N.K.)
| | - Navneet Kour
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Main Campus Chatha, Jammu 180009, India; (S.R.); (Z.N.S.); (N.K.)
| | - Shashank K. Singh
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India;
| | - Ali Zari
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.Z.); (T.A.Z.); (H.F.A.)
| | - Talal A. Zari
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.Z.); (T.A.Z.); (H.F.A.)
| | - Hesham F. Alharby
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.Z.); (T.A.Z.); (H.F.A.)
| | - Khalid Rehman Hakeem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.Z.); (T.A.Z.); (H.F.A.)
- Princess Dr Najla Bint Saud Al-Saud Center for Excellence Research in Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Public Health, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1341, Bangladesh
- Correspondence: (V.S.); (K.R.H.)
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9
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Sour-Cherry Seed Polyphenol Contents, Antioxidant Activity and Nutritional Components as a Potential Bioactive Source. NUTRITION AND FOOD SCIENCES RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.52547/nfsr.9.1.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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10
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Asgharian S, Lorigooini Z, Bijad E, Hosseinkhani H, Abbasian Z, Rafieian-Kopaei M. Protective effect of Rheum ribes extract against lead-induced hepatotoxicity in male rats. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e191127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elham Bijad
- Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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11
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Ren YY, Zhang XR, Li TN, Zeng YJ, Wang J, Huang QW. Galla Chinensis, a Traditional Chinese Medicine: Comprehensive review of botany, traditional uses, chemical composition, pharmacology and toxicology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 278:114247. [PMID: 34052353 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Galla chinensis (GC), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has a wide range of pharmacological properties which have been widely used for more than 1400 years. Based on shape, GC is divided into two groups: jiaobei and dubei. It is a bitter, sour, cold and astringent substance which is usually used for treating diarrhea, constipation, bleeding, cough, vomiting, sweating, hemorrhoids, and anal and uterine prolapse. It is distributed in Japan, North Korea, and all parts of China. AIM OF STUDY This study was aimed at carrying out a comprehensive overview of the current status of research on Galla chinensis (GC) for better understanding of it characteristics, while providing a clear direction for future studies. It has aroused the interest of researchers, leading to development of medicinal value, expansion of its application, and provision of wider and more effective drug choices. This study was focused on the traditional uses, botany, chemical composition, pharmacology and toxicology of GC. Finally, the study focused on possible future research directions for GC. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive analysis was done based on academic papers, pharmaceutical monographs, ancient medicinal works, and drug standards of China. This review used Galla and Galla chinensis as keywords for retrieval of information on GC from online databases such as PubMed, Elsevier, CNKI, Web of Science, Google Scholar, SCI hub, and Baidu academic. RESULTS It was found that the chemical constituents of GC included tannins, phenolic acid, amino acids and fatty acid, with polyphenol compounds (especially tannins and gallic acid) as the distinct components. In vitro and in vivo studies revealed that GC exerted numerous biological effects such as anti-caries, antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, and antioxidant effects. The therapeutic effect of GC was attributed mainly to the biological properties of its bioactive components. CONCLUSIONS GC is an important TCM which has potential benefit in the treatment of a variety of diseases. However, the relationship amongst the structure and biological activity of GC and its components, mechanism of action, toxicity, pharmacokinetics and target organs need to be further studied. Quality control and quality assurance programs for GC need to be further developed. There is need to study the dynamics associated with the accumulation of chemical compounds in GC as well as the original plants and aphid that form GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, No.1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Xiao-Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, No.1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Ting-Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, No.1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Yi-Jia Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, No.1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Jin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, No.1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Qin-Wan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, No.1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Panis F, Krachler RF, Krachler R, Rompel A. Expression, Purification, and Characterization of a Well-Adapted Tyrosinase from Peatlands Identified by Partial Community Analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:11445-11454. [PMID: 34156250 PMCID: PMC8375020 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c02514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In peatlands, bacterial tyrosinases (TYRs) are proposed to act as key regulators of carbon storage by removing phenolic compounds, which inhibit the degradation of organic carbon. Historically, TYR activity has been blocked by anoxia resulting from persistent waterlogging; however, recent events of prolonged summer drought have boosted TYR activity and, consequently, the release of carbon stored in the form of organic compounds from peatlands. Since 30% of the global soil carbon stock is stored in peatlands, a profound understanding of the production and activity of TYRs is essential to assess the impact of carbon dioxide emitted from peatlands on climate change. TYR partial sequences identified by degenerated primers suggest a versatile TYR enzyme community naturally present in peatlands, which is produced by a phylogenetically diverse spectrum of bacteria, including Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. One full-length sequence of an extracellular TYR (SzTYR) identified from a soda-rich inland salt marsh has been heterologously expressed and purified. SzTYR exhibits a molecular mass of 30 891.8 Da and shows a pH optimum of 9.0. Spectroscopic studies and kinetic investigations characterized SzTYR as a tyrosinase and proved its activity toward monophenols (coumaric acid), diphenols (caffeic acid, protocatechuic acid), and triphenols (gallic acid) naturally present in peatlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Panis
- Universität
Wien, Fakultät
für Chemie, Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Rudolf F. Krachler
- Fakultät
für Chemie, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Wien, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Regina Krachler
- Fakultät
für Chemie, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Wien, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Annette Rompel
- Universität
Wien, Fakultät
für Chemie, Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Wien, Austria
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13
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Mumcu T, Seyhan Bozkurt S. Simultaneous extraction of five phenolic acids in fruits using ultrasound assisted aqueous two phase system based on polyethylene glycol-ionic liquid-sodium carbonate. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2021.1912765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Taşkın Mumcu
- Dokuz Eylul University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Tınaztepe Campus, Izmir, Turkey
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14
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Asgharian S, Hojjati MR, Ahrari M, Bijad E, Deris F, Lorigooini Z. Ruta graveolens and rutin, as its major compound: investigating their effect on spatial memory and passive avoidance memory in rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:447-453. [PMID: 32432948 PMCID: PMC7301720 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1762669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Context: There are numerous pharmacological activities for Ruta graveolens and its bioactive constituent, rutin, on learning and memory.Objective: This study aimed to examine the effect of R. graveolens and rutin on memory in rats.Materials and methods: In this study animals were treated with the hydroalcholic extract of R. graveolens and rutin by IP injection for 10 days. Behavioural and biochemical tests as well as HPLC analysis and antioxidant activity of extract have been evaluated.Results: R. graveolens extract and rutin significantly increased learning and improved spatial memory, as well as secondary latency; moreover, there were significant increases in the serum and brain antioxidant capacity as well as the level of TBARS in serum and brain tissues. Results also showed that R. graveolens has significant DPPH radical scavenging effect (IC50: 159.17 ± 1.56 μg/mL). The HPLC analysis of extract showed that caffeic acid (19.92 ± 0.01), rutin (40.15 ± 0.01), and apigenin (0.84 ± 0.01) mg/g of dry extract are the main components of the extract.Discussion and conclusion: Regarding the effects of R. graveolens extract and rutin on animal brain cells, memory function, and learning, additional studies, including clinical trials, might be beneficial in producing natural supplementary drugs from this herb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Asgharian
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Hojjati
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohsen Ahrari
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Elham Bijad
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Deris
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Zahra Lorigooini
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
- CONTACT Zahra Lorigooini ,PhD of Pharmacognosy, Associate professor of Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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15
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Yin SJ, Zhao J, Yang FQ. Recent applications of magnetic solid phase extraction in sample preparation for phytochemical analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 192:113675. [PMID: 33099113 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Sample preparation such as isolation and pre-concentration is a crucial step for the phytochemical analysis. Magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) has received considerable attention, mainly due to its phase separation more conveniently by facile magnetic decantation as compared to traditional SPE. This review focused on the recent applications of MSPE in sample preparation for the analysis of phytochemical compounds in plants, biological samples and Chinese herbal preparations. In addition, the enzymes immobilized on the magnetic materials and used for the biospecific extraction of enzyme inhibitors were also discussed. The information summarized in this article may provide a reference to the further applications of MSPE in phytochemical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Jun Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, PR China.
| | - Feng-Qing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, PR China.
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16
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Immunomodulatory Effects of the Meretrix Meretrix Oligopeptide (QLNWD) on Immune-Deficient Mice. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24244452. [PMID: 31817348 PMCID: PMC6943722 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24244452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the immunomodulatory effects of the Meretrix meretrix oligopeptide (MMO, QLNWD) in cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immune-deficient mice. Compared to untreated, CTX-induced immune-deficient mice, the spleen and thymus indexes of mice given moderate (100 mg/kg) and high (200 mg/kg) doses of MMO were significantly higher (p < 0.05), and body weight loss was alleviated. Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining revealed that MMO reduced spleen injury, thymus injury, and liver injury induced by CTX in mice. Furthermore, MMO boosted the production of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and hemolysin in the serum and promoted the proliferation and differentiation of spleen T-lymphocytes. Taken together, our findings suggest that MMO plays a vital role in protection against immunosuppression in CTX-induced immune-deficient mice and could be a potential immunomodulatory candidate for use in functional foods or immunologic adjuvants.
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17
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Chen SN, Xie RP, Li J, Fan YW, Liu XR, Zhang B, Deng ZY. Alteration on phenolic acids and the appearance of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn) seeds dealt with antistaling agents during storage. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2018.1489834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sun-nie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ru-peng Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ya-wei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiao-ru Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ze-yuan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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18
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Zhang R, Leiviskä T, Taskila S, Tanskanen J. Iron-loaded Sphagnum moss extract residue for phosphate removal. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 218:271-279. [PMID: 29684779 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Sphagnum moss extract residue (SMER), obtained after pressurized hot water extraction, was modified with Fe(III) and investigated for phosphate sorption. Although moss extract contains value-added compounds, SMER is considered to be waste until suitable uses can be developed. The effect of modification conditions were investigated, i.e. different initial Fe(III) concentrations (0.024, 0.048 and 0.072 mol/L Fe3+) and modification pH values (5, 7 and 9). A modification pH of 5 and the highest initial Fe(III) concentration (0.072 mol/L Fe3+) resulted in the highest phosphate removal efficiency, and thus was selected for further study. The removal efficiency was found to decrease with increasing pH in the range of 3-9. Maximum removal efficiency (82%) for phosphate sorption was observed at pH 3 after 24 h contact time (dosage 2 g/L, initial concentration 15 mg P/L). With increased contact time, the phosphate removal efficiency improved and reached equilibrium within 48 h. The Elovich model was found to provide the best fit to the kinetic data. A capacity of 9-13 mg P/g was obtained with a 24-h contact time at pH 4. A good fit was achieved with the Redlich-Peterson equation. FTIR analysis confirmed that carboxylic acid groups were involved in the modification process. X-ray diffraction analyses showed that amorphous two-line ferrihydrite was precipitated onto SMER, which was supported by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruichi Zhang
- University of Oulu, Chemical Process Engineering, P.O. Box 4300, FIN-90014, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Tiina Leiviskä
- University of Oulu, Chemical Process Engineering, P.O. Box 4300, FIN-90014, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Sanna Taskila
- University of Oulu, Chemical Process Engineering, P.O. Box 4300, FIN-90014, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Juha Tanskanen
- University of Oulu, Chemical Process Engineering, P.O. Box 4300, FIN-90014, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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19
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Tashakkori P, Erdem P, Seyhan Bozkurt S. Molecularly imprinted polymer based on magnetic ionic liquid for solid-phase extraction of phenolic acids. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2017.1343732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paniz Tashakkori
- The Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Pelin Erdem
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Dokuz Eylül Üniversity, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Serap Seyhan Bozkurt
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Dokuz Eylül Üniversity, Izmir, Turkey
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20
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Zeng Z, Ji Z, Hu N, Chen S, Bai B, Wang H, Suo Y. Synchronous determination with double-wavelength by RP-HPLC-UV and optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of phenolic acids from Caragana species using response surface methodology. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 140:182-189. [PMID: 28359966 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The utilization of Caragana korshinskii Kom. (CK) is currently concentrated on its ecological and fuel functions. Little attention has been devoted to the analysis of their phenolic acid (PA) components. To obtain more data for further utilization of CK, a new analysis protocol was tested to determine PAs synchronously by RP-HPLC-UV with double-wavelength (280nm and 320nm) detection. Specifically, separation of PA components was performed on a Hypersil Gold C18 reverse phase column with gradient elution. A four-factor-three-level Box-Behnken design was implemented for optimization of PA extraction. The results demonstrated that CK were rich primarily in chlorogenic acid, vanillic acid, caffeic acid and rosmarinic acid. The total content of PAs in CK leaves was the highest compared with its other parts. The distribution of total flavonoid content of CK was leaves>flowers>bark, while that of the total phenolic content of CK was flowers>leaves>bark.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhongyin Ji
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Na Hu
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China
| | - Shasha Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Bo Bai
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China; State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture (Qinghai University), Xining, 810016, China.
| | - Honglun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China; State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture (Qinghai University), Xining, 810016, China
| | - Yourui Suo
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China; State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture (Qinghai University), Xining, 810016, China
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21
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Kang OJ. Distribution of free, esterified, and insoluble bound forms of phenolics in tea seeds and their antioxidant activity. Food Sci Biotechnol 2017; 26:121-127. [PMID: 30263518 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-017-0016-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, phenolic compounds in their phenolic extract (PE), free phenolic (FP), esterified phenolic (EFP), and insoluble bound phenolic (ISBP) forms were extracted from tea seeds and quantified using HPLC to obtain information on the phenolics that are present in tea seeds along with their antioxidant activities. The total phenolic content of the ISBP fraction was higher than that of the FP and EFP fractions. The phenolic acids in tea seeds exist either in esterified or glycosided forms. Moreover, hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives have been identified as important phenolic acid components in tea seeds. The ISBP fraction was an effective antioxidant based on the results obtained from the in vitro assays performed, which include the DPPH and 2,2-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)-derived nitrogen-centered radical scavenging activities, Fe3+-2,4,6-tripyridyl-s-triazine reducing ability, as well as Cu2+ and Fe2+ ion chelating effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ok-Ju Kang
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Biotechnology, Kyungnam University, Changwon, Gyeongnam, 51767 Korea
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22
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Jan R, Saxena D, Singh S. Effect of Germination on Nutritional, Functional, Pasting, and Microstructural Properties of Chenopodium (Chenopodium album)
Flour. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.12959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Romee Jan
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology; Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology; Longowal, Sangrur Punjab India
| | - D.C. Saxena
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology; Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology; Longowal, Sangrur Punjab India
| | - Sukhcharn Singh
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology; Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology; Longowal, Sangrur Punjab India
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23
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Metabolomics-Based Screening of Biofilm-Inhibitory Compounds against Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Burdock Leaf. Molecules 2015; 20:16266-77. [PMID: 26370951 PMCID: PMC6331861 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200916266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Screening of anti-biofilm compounds from the burdock leaf based on metabolomics is reported here. The crystal violet assay indicated 34% ethanol elution fraction of burdock leaf could completely inhibit biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 1 mg·mL−1. Then, the chemical composition of burdock leaf fraction was analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) and 11 active compounds (chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, quercetin, ursolic acid, rutin, cynarin, luteolin, crocin, benzoic acid, and Tenacissoside I) were identified. Lastly, UPLC-MS analysis was employed to obtain the metabolic fingerprints of burdock leaf fractions before and after inhibiting the biofilm of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The metabolic fingerprints were transformed to data, analyzed with PLS-DA (partial least squares discriminant analysis) and the peaks whose area was significantly changed were found out. Thus, 81 compounds were screened as potential anti-biofilm ingredients. Among them, rutin, ursolic acid, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid and quercetin were identified and confirmed as the main anti-biofilm compounds in burdock leaf. The study provided basic anti-biofilm profile data for the compounds in burdock leaf, as well as provided a convenient method for fast screening of anti-biofilm compounds from natural plants.
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24
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Vyrides I, Agathangelou M, Dimitriou R, Souroullas K, Salamex A, Ioannou A, Koutinas M. Novel Halomonas sp. B15 isolated from Larnaca Salt Lake in Cyprus that generates vanillin and vanillic acid from ferulic acid. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 31:1291-6. [PMID: 26026278 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-015-1876-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Vanillin is a high value added product with many applications in the food, fragrance and pharmaceutical industries. A natural and low-cost method to produce vanillin is by microbial bioconversions through ferulic acid. Until now, limited microorganisms have been found capable of bioconverting ferulic acid to vanillin at high yield. This study aimed to screen halotolerant strains of bacteria from Larnaca Salt Lake which generate vanillin and vanillic acid from ferulic acid. From a total of 50 halotolenant/halophilic strains 8 grew in 1 g/L ferulic acid and only 1 Halomonas sp. B15 and 3 Halomonas elognata strains were capable of bioconverting ferulic acid to vanillic acid at 100 g NaCl/L. The highest vanillic acid (365 mg/L) at these conditions generated by Halomonas sp. B15 which corresponds to ferulic acid bioconversion yield of 36.5%. Using the resting cell technique with an initial ferulic acid concentration of 0.5 g/L at low salinity, the highest production of vanillin (245 mg/L) took place after 48 h, corresponding to a bioconversion yield of 49%. This is the first reported Halomonas sp. with high yield of vanillin production from ferulic acid at low salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Vyrides
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Cyprus University of Technology, 30 Archbishop Kyprianos, 3036, Lemesos, Cyprus,
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25
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Poonia A, Upadhayay A. Chenopodium album Linn: review of nutritive value and biological properties. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2015; 52:3977-85. [PMID: 26139865 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-014-1553-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Green leafy vegetables have generated interest worldwide as they exhibit multiple benefits for health of human beings. Vegetables can form the cheapest and most readily available sources of important vitamins, minerals, fibres and essential amino acids particularly. In most of the developing countries where the daily diet is dominated by starchy staple foods, vegetables can form the cheapest and most readily available sources of important vitamins, minerals, fibres and essential amino acids. Across the globe there are several local and wild vegetables which are under-exploited because of inadequate scientific information on knowledge of their nutritional potentials. A resurgence of interest has developed in wild vegetables for their possible medicinal values in diets. C. album is under exploited vegetable which has high functional potential apart from basic nutritional benefits. The plant is used in diet not only to provide minerals, fibre, vitamins and essential fatty acids but also enhance sensory and functional value of the food. The plant has been traditionally used as a bloodpurifier, diuretic, sedative, hepatoprotective, antiscorbutic laxative and as an anthelmentic against round and hookworms. Pharmacological studies have revealed that the plant possesses anthelmentic, sperm immobilizing and contraceptive properties. It is also claimed to be antipruritic and antinociceptive in action. Therefore C. album holds a great potential for in depth biological evaluation. No significant work has ever been carried out for processing parameters for this potentially useful plant. Significance and future scope of C. album for public and dietary awareness of its nutritional status has been discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Poonia
- Centre of Food Science and Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005 India
| | - Ashutosh Upadhayay
- Food Science & Technology, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Kundali, Sonepat, Harayana India
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26
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Screening of antimicrobial compounds against Salmonellaty phimurium from burdock (Arctium lappa) leaf based on metabolomics. Eur Food Res Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-015-2423-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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27
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Zheng X, Chen S, Li Q, Lin R, Lin W. Determination of Phenolic Acids in Root Exudates of Allelopathic Rice by Solid Phase Extraction-Ion Chromatography with Conductivity Detection. ANAL LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2014.900778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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28
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Nour V, Trandafir I, Cosmulescu S. HPLC Determination of Phenolic Acids, Flavonoids and Juglone in Walnut Leaves. J Chromatogr Sci 2012; 51:883-90. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bms180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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29
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Luís Â, Domingues F, Duarte AP. Bioactive Compounds, RP-HPLC Analysis of Phenolics, and Antioxidant Activity of Some Portuguese Shrub Species Extracts. Nat Prod Commun 2011. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1100601219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In the ecosystem of Serra Da Estrela, some plant species have the potential to be used as raw material for extraction of bioactive products. The goal of this work was to determine the phenolic, flavonoid, tannin and alkaloid contents of the methanolic extracts of some shrubs ( Echinospartum ibericum, Pterospartum tridentatum, Juniperus communis, Ruscus aculeatus, Rubus ulmifolius, Hakea sericea, Cytisus multiflorus, Crataegus monogyna, Erica arborea and Ipomoea acuminata), and then to correlate the phenolic compounds and flavonoids with the antioxidant activity of each extract. The Folin-Ciocalteu's method was used for the determination of total phenols, and tannins were then precipitated with polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP); a colorimetric method with aluminum chloride was used for the determination of flavonoids, and a Dragendorff's reagent method was used for total alkaloid estimation. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and β-carotene bleaching tests were used to assess the antioxidant activity of extracts. The identification of phenolic compounds present in extracts was performed using RP-HPLC. A positive linear correlation between antioxidant activity index and total phenolic content of methanolic extracts was observed. The RP-HPLC procedure showed that the most common compounds were ferulic and ellagic acids and quercetin. Most of the studied shrubs have significant antioxidant properties that are probably due to the existence of phenolic compounds in the extracts. It is noteworthy to emphasize that for Echinospartum ibericum, Hakea sericea and Ipomoea acuminata, to the best of our knowledge, no phytochemical studies have been undertaken nor their use in traditional medicine been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ângelo Luís
- CICS-UBI Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Domingues
- CICS-UBI Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ana Paula Duarte
- CICS-UBI Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
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Laghari AH, Ali Memon A, Memon S, Nelofar A, Khan KM, Yasmin A. Determination of free phenolic acids and antioxidant capacity of methanolic extracts obtained from leaves and flowers of camel thorn (Alhagi maurorum). Nat Prod Res 2011; 26:173-6. [PMID: 21834635 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2010.538846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The present study comprises the determination of some phenolic acids from the leaves and flowers of Alhagi maurorum by HPLC-DAD, confirmed by LC-MS-APCI. The antioxidant properties and measurements of the total phenolic contents of the extracts were assessed by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging and Folin-Ciocalteu methods, respectively. It was found that the leaf extract had higher antioxidant potential (83.5%) than the flower extract (72.3%). The antioxidant properties and total phenolic contents of the leaves were higher than those of the flowers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Hafeez Laghari
- National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan
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Laghari AH, Memon S, Nelofar A, Khan KM, Yasmin A. Determination of free phenolic acids and antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts obtained from fruits and leaves of Chenopodium album. Food Chem 2010; 126:1850-5. [PMID: 25213967 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.11.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2010] [Revised: 11/22/2010] [Accepted: 11/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In this study, determination of phenolic acids as well as investigation of antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts from the fruits and leaves of Chenopodium album is described. Extracts were subjected to acidic hydrolysis in order to obtain total free phenolic acids. However, some of phenolic acids were identified and quantified by HPLC-DAD. The results were confirmed by LC-MS equipped with MS-ESI. In addition, Folin-Ciocalteu method was applied to determine the total phenolic contents. The antioxidant activity of C. album extracts was examined by using DPPH and hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity assays. Results revealed that the leaves extract exhibits better performance in antioxidant assays and in the higher total phenolic contents (3066mg of GAE/100g) when compared to fruits extract (1385mg of GAE/100g). From these results it has been revealed that the methanolic extracts of C. album from fruits and leaves have great potential as a source for natural health products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Hafeez Laghari
- National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan; Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Karachi 75280, Pakistan
| | - Shahabuddin Memon
- National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan.
| | - Aisha Nelofar
- Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Karachi 75280, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Mohammed Khan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Arfa Yasmin
- Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Karachi 75280, Pakistan
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Muanda FN, Bouayed J, Djilani A, Yao C, Soulimani R, Dicko A. Chemical Composition and, Cellular Evaluation of the Antioxidant Activity of Desmodium adscendens Leaves. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2010; 2011:620862. [PMID: 20976084 PMCID: PMC2957201 DOI: 10.1155/2011/620862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2010] [Revised: 05/02/2010] [Accepted: 08/31/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Desmodium adscendens plant is widely used as juice or tea in various parts of the world against a wide range of diseases. This study determines the quality and the quantity of polyphenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and tannins in D. adscendens leaves by UV-spectrophotometry and RP-HPLC methods. In addition, the antioxidant capacity of these phenolic compounds is evaluated by ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic)), DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1 picrylhydrazyl), and Cellular tests. D. adscendens leaves are mainly composite of flavonoid compounds with 12.8 mg of catechin equivalent (CE)/g dw. The amounts of total polyphenol compounds are 11.1 mg of gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g dw. The quantity of total anthocyanin and total tannin compounds is not considerable 0.0182 mg CgE/g dw and 0.39 mg CE/g dw, respectively. A direct correlation between phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity is observed (R(2) = 0.96). The RP-HPLC analyses reveal that the main phenolic compound identified in the methanol-water extract is quercetrin dihydrat (2.11 mg/mL). According to the results, it is observed that D. adscendens leaves possess a considerable scavenging antioxidant and antiradical capacity, therefore these antioxidant properties might increase the therapeutic value of this medicinal plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Nsemi Muanda
- Chemistry Laboratory and Methodology for the Environment, Paul-Verlaine University Metz, 1, boulevard Arago Technopole 2000, 57078 Metz, France
| | - Jaouad Bouayed
- Environment and Agro-Biotechnolgies Department, CRP—Gabriel Lippmann, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Abdelouaheb Djilani
- Chemistry Laboratory and Methodology for the Environment, Paul-Verlaine University Metz, 1, boulevard Arago Technopole 2000, 57078 Metz, France
| | - Chunyan Yao
- Laboratory of Neurotoxicology Alimentary and Bioactivity, Paul-Verlaine University Metz, BP 4102, 57040 Metz, France
| | - Rachid Soulimani
- Laboratory of Neurotoxicology Alimentary and Bioactivity, Paul-Verlaine University Metz, BP 4102, 57040 Metz, France
| | - Amadou Dicko
- Chemistry Laboratory and Methodology for the Environment, Paul-Verlaine University Metz, 1, boulevard Arago Technopole 2000, 57078 Metz, France
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Neo YP, Ariffin A, Tan CP, Tan YA. Phenolic acid analysis and antioxidant activity assessment of oil palm (E. guineensis) fruit extracts. Food Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Nyam KL, Tan CP, Che Man YB, Lai OM, Long K. Physicochemical properties of Kalahari melon seed oil following extractions using solvent and aqueous enzymatic methods. Int J Food Sci Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2008.01828.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Zhang W, Han F, He J, Duan C. HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS analysis and antioxidant activities of nonanthocyanin phenolics in mulberry (Morus alba L.). J Food Sci 2009; 73:C512-8. [PMID: 19241543 DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.00854.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Qualitative analysis of the nonanthocyanin phenolics from 2 mulberry cultivars, da-10 and hongguo, was performed by the HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS method. Six nonanthocyanin phenolics compounds were identified (procatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid, 4-caffeolyquinic acid, taxifolin, rutin, quercetin) and 3 others (3,5-diCQA, taxifolin-hexoside, kamepferol-hexoside) were tentatively identified. Quantification of nonanthocyanin phenolic was performed by HPLC-DAD, which revealed that rutin (111.38 and 90.79 microg/g FW) was the major nonanthocyanin phenolics in the 2 mulberry cultivars. Phenolic acids in cultivar da-10 (54.68 microg/g FW) were far more than in cultivar hongguo (14.93 microg/g FW). CQA and its isomers (40.02 microg/g FW) were the major phenolic acid in cultivar da-10. The nonanthocyanin phenolics in the 2 cultivars of mulberry had higher antiradical activities in superoxide anion and DPPH radical and antioxidant activity in beta-CLAMS assay than the Trolox. These results were relevant to not only the control of color stability and organoleptic characteristics of mulberry juice and wine but also the exploitation of the functional foods made from mulberry.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Zhang
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural Univ., Beijing 100083, PR China
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