1
|
Teixeira B, Afonso C, Severo M, Oliveira A. Are the EAT-Lancet dietary recommendations associated with cardiometabolic health? - insights from the Generation XXI cohort from childhood into early adolescence. Am J Clin Nutr 2024:S0002-9165(24)00798-6. [PMID: 39343034 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prospective effect of healthy and planetary diets on cardiometabolic health at young ages remains unclear. OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the prospective associations between adherence to the EAT-Lancet dietary recommendations at age 7 and the prevalence of obesity and Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) at 7, 10, and 13 years old (y). METHODS Participants are children from the Generation XXI birth cohort, who completed 3-day food diaries at age 7, with complete data in variables of interest (n 3564). Adherence to the EAT-Lancet dietary recommendations was evaluated using the World Index for Sustainability and Health (WISH); a higher score indicating a healthier and environmentally sustainable diet. At 7, 10 and 13y, anthropometrics (weight, height and waist circumference-WC), blood pressure (BP) and serum-fasting triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol and glucose were measured. Obesity and MetS prevalence were determined by the World Health Organization and the International Diabetes Federation criteria, respectively. Adjusted custom binomial log-linear models were used to calculate prevalence ratios (PR) and the respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) (covariates: mother's age, education, pre-pregnancy BMI, gestational diabetes, child's sex, age, tanner stage, sports practice and total grams of the remaining food). RESULTS From 7 to 13y, obesity decreased from 14.1% to 9.3% and MetS increased from 1.0% to 5.1%. Higher WISH scores at 7y were associated with a lower prevalence of obesity, measured by both BMI (≥97th percentile: PR=0.912, 95%CI: 0.839,0.991; PR=0.882, 95%CI: 0.79,0.938, respectively at 10 and 13y) and WC (≥90th percentile: PR=0.899, 95%CI: 0.830,0.974; PR=0.858, 95%CI:0.782,0.942, respectively at 10 and 13y). For each 10-point increase in the WISH, a reduction of 16% in MetS prevalence at 13y was observed (PR=0.837, 95%CI: 0.732,0.957). No significant effects were found at younger ages. CONCLUSIONS The adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet from an early age may help reduce cardiometabolic risk in early adolescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Teixeira
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823 / 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto [Institute of Public Health, University of Porto], Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), [Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR)], Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Cláudia Afonso
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823 / 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto [Institute of Public Health, University of Porto], Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), [Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR)], Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Milton Severo
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto [Institute of Public Health, University of Porto], Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), [Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR)], Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Oliveira
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto [Institute of Public Health, University of Porto], Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), [Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR)], Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Di Nucci A, Silano M, Cardamone E. Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and Health Outcomes in Adolescents: An Umbrella Review. Nutr Rev 2024:nuae085. [PMID: 38954538 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Proper nutrition represents 1 of the domains of adolescents' well-being. In this context, the Mediterranean diet (MD), as a healthy, traditional, and sustainable dietary pattern, plays a crucial role in promoting adequate growth and preventing chronic noncommunicable diseases. OBJECTIVE The currently available evidence on the effects of adherence to the MD (AMD) in association with several physical health outcomes in adolescence is summarized in this review. DATA SOURCES Five electronic databases were searched. STUDY SELECTION Systematic reviews with or without meta-analysis of observational studies and randomized clinical trials, published in English during 2013-2022, and that assessed the health impact of AMD among adolescents were eligible. DATA EXTRACTION Details on study design, methods, population, assessment of dietary patterns, health outcomes, and main results were extracted. RESULTS The search yielded 59 references after removal of duplicates. Applying PICOS criteria, 4 systematic reviews and 3 meta-analyses ultimately were included in this review. The AMD was evaluated in association with overweight/obesity and adiposity in 2 studies, musculoskeletal health in another 2, inflammation in 1 study, and cardiometabolic health in 1 study. The seventh review examined all mentioned health outcomes (overweight and obesity, musculoskeletal health, inflammation, and cardiometabolic health) in relation to AMD. CONCLUSIONS Overall, this umbrella review showed limited evidence and a lack of consistency about the relation between AMD and health outcomes of interest in adolescence, indicating the need for more studies to better understand it. SYSTEMIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration no. CRD42023428712.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Di Nucci
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - Marco Silano
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - Erica Cardamone
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Roma, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
López-Gil JF, García-Hermoso A, Martínez-González MÁ, Rodríguez-Artalejo F. Mediterranean Diet and Cardiometabolic Biomarkers in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e2421976. [PMID: 38995643 PMCID: PMC11245727 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.21976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance No prior systematic review and meta-analysis has specifically verified the association of Mediterranean diet (MedDiet)-based interventions with biomarkers of cardiometabolic health in children and adolescents. Objective To review and analyze the randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that assessed the effects of MedDiet-based interventions on biomarkers of cardiometabolic health among children and adolescents. Data Sources Four electronic databases were searched (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus) from database inception to April 25, 2024. Study Selection Only RCTs investigating the effect of interventions promoting the MedDiet on cardiometabolic biomarkers (ie, systolic blood pressure [SBP], diastolic blood pressure [DBP], triglycerides [TGs], total cholesterol [TC], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], glucose, insulin, and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance [HOMA-IR]) among children and adolescents (aged ≤18 years) were included. Data Extraction and Synthesis A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Data were extracted from the studies by 2 independent reviewers. Results across studies were summarized using random-effects meta-analysis. Main Outcome and Measures The effect size of each trial was computed by unstandardized mean differences (MDs) of changes in biomarker levels (ie, SBP, DBP, TGs, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR) between the intervention and the control groups. The quality of the evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations approach. Results Nine RCTs were included (mean study duration, 17 weeks; range, 8-40 weeks). These studies involved 577 participants (mean age, 11 years [range, 3-18 years]; 344 girls [59.6%]). Compared with the control group, the MedDiet-based interventions showed a significant association with reductions in SBP (mean difference, -4.75 mm Hg; 95% CI, -8.97 to -0.52 mm Hg), TGs (mean difference, -16.42 mg/dL; 95% CI, -27.57 to -5.27 mg/dL), TC (mean difference, -9.06 mg/dL; 95% CI, -15.65 to -2.48 mg/dL), and LDL-C (mean difference, -10.48 mg/dL; 95% CI, -17.77 to -3.19 mg/dL) and increases in HDL-C (mean difference, 2.24 mg/dL; 95% CI, 0.34-4.14 mg/dL). No significant associations were observed with the other biomarkers studied (ie, DBP, glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR). Conclusions and Relevance These findings suggest that MedDiet-based interventions may be useful tools to optimize cardiometabolic health among children and adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio García-Hermoso
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Martínez-González
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- University of Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Raber M, Allen H, Huang S, Vazquez M, Warner E, Thompson D. Mediterranean Diet Information on TikTok and Implications for Digital Health Promotion Research: Social Media Content Analysis. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e51094. [PMID: 38896841 PMCID: PMC11222766 DOI: 10.2196/51094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Mediterranean diet has been linked to reduced risk for several cardiometabolic diseases. The lack of a clear definition of the Mediterranean diet in the scientific literature and the documented proliferation of nutrition misinformation on the internet suggest the potential for confusion among consumers seeking web-based Mediterranean diet information. OBJECTIVE We conducted a social media content analysis of information about the Mediterranean diet on the influential social media platform, TikTok, to examine public discourse about the diet and identify potential areas of misinformation. We then analyzed these findings in the context of health promotion to identify potential challenges and opportunities for the use of TikTok in promoting the Mediterranean diet for healthy living. METHODS The first-appearing 202 TikTok posts that resulted from a search of the hashtag #mediterraneandiet were downloaded and qualitatively examined. Post features and characteristics, poster information, and engagement metrics were extracted and synthesized across posts. Posts were categorized as those created by health professionals and those created by nonhealth professionals based on poster-reported credentials. In addition to descriptive statistics of the entire sample, we compared posts created by professionals and nonprofessionals for content using chi-square tests. RESULTS TikTok posts varied in content, but posts that were developed by health professionals versus nonprofessionals were more likely to offer a definition of the Mediterranean diet (16/106, 15.1% vs 2/96, 2.1%; P=.001), use scientific citations to support claims (26/106, 24.5% vs 0/96, 0%; P<.001), and discuss specific nutrients (33/106, 31.1% vs 6/96, 6.3%; P<.001) and diseases related to the diet (27/106, 25.5% vs 5/96, 5.2%; P<.001) compared to posts created by nonhealth professionals. CONCLUSIONS Social media holds promise as a venue to promote the Mediterranean diet, but the variability in information found in this study highlights the need to create clear definitions about the diet and its components when developing Mediterranean diet interventions that use new media structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Raber
- Department of Health Disparities Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Haley Allen
- Department of Kinesiology, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sophia Huang
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Maria Vazquez
- Department of Health Disparities Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Echo Warner
- The University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Debbe Thompson
- Baylor College of Medicine, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu Y, Wang X, Liu Y. Association of serum total IgE and allergen-specific IgE with insulin resistance in adolescents: an analysis of the NHANES database. BMC Pediatr 2024; 24:332. [PMID: 38745118 PMCID: PMC11092217 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-024-04685-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have found that total immunoglobulin E (IgE) and allergen-specific IgE were associated with some metabolic diseases. However, the role of IgE in metabolism among adolescents is still unclear. Herein, this study aims to investigate the associations of serum total IgE and allergen-specific IgE with insulin resistance (IR) in adolescents, in order to provide some reference for the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases in a young age. METHODS Data of 870 adolescents were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database in 2005-2006 in this cross-sectional study. Weighted univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were utilized to screen covariates and explore the relationships of serum total IgE and allergen-specific IgE with IR. The evaluation indexes were odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). In addition, these relationships were also assessed in subgroups of allergy history, asthma history, and number of allergens. RESULTS Among eligible adolescents, 168 had IR. No significant association between serum total IgE level and IR was found. However, adolescents with higher level of allergen-specific IgE to rye grass [OR = 0.47, 95%CI: (0.25-0.91)], white oak [OR = 0.57, 95%CI: (0.37-0.88)], or peanut [OR = 0.38, 95%CI: (0.15-0.97)] seemed to have lower odds of IR, whereas those had higher level of shrimp-specific IgE [OR = 2.65, 95%CI: (1.21-5.84)] have increased odds of IR. In addition, these associations between allergen-specific IgE and IR were also discovered in adolescents who had allergy history or asthma history, or had different numbers of allergens. CONCLUSION Paying attention to different allergens in adolescents may be important in the early identification of IR among this high-risk population. The study results relatively provided some reference for further exploration on IR prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Liu
- Department of Child Health Care Clinic, Dalian Women and Children's Medical Group, Dalian, Liaoning, 116031, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Department of Child Health Care Clinic, Dalian Women and Children's Medical Group, Dalian, Liaoning, 116031, P.R. China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Hematologic Laboratory of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 Yanjiang West Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, P.R. China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, No.107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Loizou P, Taylor CM, Buckland G. The dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) dietary pattern in childhood in relation to cardiometabolic risk in adolescence and early adulthood in the ALSPAC birth cohort. Public Health Nutr 2024; 27:e86. [PMID: 38511334 DOI: 10.1017/s136898002400048x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH)-style dietary patterns in childhood and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) in adolescence/early adulthood. DESIGN Data were obtained from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) prospective cohort. Diet diary data collected at 7, 10 and 13 years were used to calculate DASH-style diet scores (DDS). Multivariable linear regression models were used to investigate the associations between the DDS at 7, 10 and 13 years and CMR scores, calculated at 17 and 24 years. SETTING The ALSPAC cohort included children born in south-west England in 1991-1992. PARTICIPANTS Children with complete dietary, covariate and cardiometabolic data at 17 (n 1,526) and 24 years (n 1,524). RESULTS A higher DDS at 7 and 10 years was negatively associated with CMR scores at 17 years (β = -0·64 (95 % CI -1·27, -0·006), Ptrend=0·027 for fifth v. first DDS quintile at 7 years; β = -0·73 (95 % CI -1·35, -0·12) and Ptrend=0·037 for fifth v. first DDS quintile at 10 years) and at 24 years (β = -0·92 (95 % CI -1·49, -0·34) Ptrend = 0·001 for fifth v. first DDS quintile at 7 years; β = -0·60 (95 % CI -1·20, -0·05) Ptrend = 0·092 for fifth v. first DDS quintile at 10 years). No associations were found between the DDS at 13 years and CMR score at 17 and 24 years. CONCLUSION Greater adherence with a DASH-style diet during childhood was associated with better cardiometabolic health in adolescence/adulthood in the ALSPAC cohort. The components of the DASH diet could be recommended to improve children's cardiometabolic health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Caroline M Taylor
- Centre for Academic Child Health, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, BristolBS8 2PS, UK
| | - Genevieve Buckland
- Centre for Academic Child Health, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, BristolBS8 2PS, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Machado SP, Bezerra IN, Silva MA, D’oran MHL, Cunha DB, Moreno LA, Sichieri R. Evolution of adolescents' dietary patterns in Northeast Brazil from 2008 to 2018. Rev Saude Publica 2024; 58:05. [PMID: 38381895 PMCID: PMC10878684 DOI: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2024058005090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the evolution of the dietary patterns of adolescents in the northeast region of Brazil. METHODS Secondary analysis of data from the Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares (POF - Household Budget Surveys), collected by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) in the years 2008-2009 and 2017-2018. A total of 3,095 adolescents were evaluated in 2008-2009 and 3,015 in 2017-2018. Food consumption was assessed using two dietary records in 2008-2009 and two 24-hour recalls in 2017-2018, applied on non-consecutive days. Based on these data, principal components factor analysis (PCFA) was performed, followed by orthogonal rotation of the varimax type, to derive dietary patterns, stratified by sex. The results were described as means or percentage frequencies, with their respective 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS Three main dietary patterns were identified among adolescents from the northeast region of Brazil. Among boys, in 2008-2009, the patterns were called snacks, traditional Brazilian, and coffee; and in 2017-2018, traditional Brazilian, snacks, and mixed, in this order of representativeness of the group's eating habits. Among female adolescents, in 2008-2009, the patterns were snacks, traditional Brazilian, and coffee; and in 2017-2018, traditional Brazilian, snacks, and processed meats. CONCLUSION The dietary patterns identified in 2008-2009 and 2017-2018 were similar in both genders; however, the snacks pattern, which explained most of the data variability in 2008-2009, was replaced by the traditional Brazilian.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soraia Pinheiro Machado
- Universidade Estadual do CearáCentro de Ciências da SaúdeFortalezaCEBrazil Universidade Estadual do Ceará. Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Ilana Nogueira Bezerra
- Universidade Estadual do CearáCentro de Ciências da SaúdeFortalezaCEBrazil Universidade Estadual do Ceará. Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Mariane Alves Silva
- Universidade Federal de Mato GrossoFaculdade de NutriçãoCuiabáMTBrazil Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso. Faculdade de Nutrição. Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Maria Helena Lima D’oran
- Universidade Estadual do CearáCentro de Ciências da SaúdeFortalezaCEBrazil Universidade Estadual do Ceará. Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Diana Barbosa Cunha
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroDepartamento de EpidemiologiaRio de JaneiroRJBrazil Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Departamento de Epidemiologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luis Alberto Moreno
- Universidad de ZaragozaFacultad de Ciencias de la SaludZaragozaSpain Universidad de Zaragoza. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Rosely Sichieri
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroDepartamento de EpidemiologiaRio de JaneiroRJBrazil Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Departamento de Epidemiologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Poursalehi D, Bahrami G, Mirzaei S, Asadi A, Akhlaghi M, Saneei P. Association between alternative healthy eating index (AHEI) with metabolic health status in adolescents with overweight and obesity. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:42. [PMID: 38166997 PMCID: PMC10763351 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17558-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been lack of evidence on the association between healthy dietary patterns and metabolic health status of adolescents. The present study aimed to evaluate the association between alternative healthy eating index (AHEI) and metabolic health status among a relatively representative sample of Iranian adolescents with overweight/obesity. METHODS Adolescents with extra body weight (n = 203, aged 12-18 y), were selected for this cross-sectional study by a multistage cluster random-sampling method. Habitual dietary intakes and diet quality of individuals were assessed using validated food frequency questionnaire and AHEI-2010, respectively. Data on other covariates were also gathered by pre-tested questionnaires. To determine fasting glucose, insulin and lipid profiles, fasting blood samples were collected. Participants were categorized as having metabolically healthy overweight/obesity (MHO) or metabolically unhealthy overweight/obesity (MUO) phenotypes, based on two approaches (International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and combination of IDF with Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR)). RESULTS The overall prevalence of MUO was 38.9% (based on IDF criteria) and 33.0% (based on IDF/HOMA-IR criteria). After considering all potential confounders, participants in highest tertiles of AHEI-2010 had lower odds of MUO profile according to both IDF (OR = 0.05; 95% CI: 0.01-0.15) and IDF/HOMA-IR (OR = 0.05; 95% CI: 0.02-0.19) definitions. This association was stronger in adolescents with overweight compared with obese ones and also among girls than boys. Moreover, each unit increase in AHEI-2010 score was associated with lower risk of MUO based on both criteria. CONCLUSIONS Higher adherence to AHEI-2010 was inversely associated with odds of MUO in Iranian adolescents with overweight/obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donya Poursalehi
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 81745-151, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Bahrami
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 81745-151, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saeideh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Asadi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Parvane Saneei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 81745-151, Isfahan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Buckland G, Taylor CM, Emmett PM, Northstone K. Prospective association between adherence to UK dietary guidelines in school-age children and cardiometabolic risk markers in adolescence/early adulthood in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) cohort. Br J Nutr 2023; 130:1766-1778. [PMID: 37066640 PMCID: PMC10587371 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523000685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Research into how alignment to UK dietary guidelines during childhood affects cardiometabolic health is limited. The association between adherence to UK dietary guidelines during childhood and overall cardiometabolic risk (CMR) in adolescence/early adulthood was explored using data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). ALSPAC children with diet diaries completed at 7, 10 and 13 years of age, and data on CMR markers at 17 years (n 1940) and 24 years (n 1957) were included. A children's Eatwell Guide (C-EWG) score was created by comparing dietary intakes at each age to UK dietary guidelines for nine foods/nutrients. Cardiometabolic health at 17 and 24 years was assessed using a composite CMR score. Multivariable linear regression models examined associations between C-EWG scores at 7, 10 and 13 years and the CMR score at 17 and 24 years, adjusting for confounders. C-EWG scores were generally low. However, a higher score (adherence to more dietary guidelines) at 7 years old was associated with a lower CMR score at 17 and 24 years: β -0·13 (95 % CI -0·25, -0·01) and β -0·25 (95 % CI -0·38, -0·13) for a 1-point increase in C-EWG score, respectively. A higher C-EWG score at 10 years was also associated with a lower CMR z-score at 24 years. No clear associations were evident at other ages. Greater adherence to UK dietary guidelines during mid-childhood was associated with a better overall cardiometabolic profile, suggesting that encouraging children to eat in this way has long-term benefits to health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve Buckland
- Centre for Academic Child Health, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Caroline M. Taylor
- Centre for Academic Child Health, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Pauline M. Emmett
- Centre for Academic Child Health, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Kate Northstone
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gyimah EA, Nicholas JL, Waters WF, Gallegos-Riofrío CA, Chapnick M, Blackmore I, Douglas KE, Iannotti LL. Ultra-processed foods in a rural Ecuadorian community: associations with child anthropometry and bone maturation. Br J Nutr 2023; 130:1609-1624. [PMID: 36912073 PMCID: PMC10551472 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523000624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Frequent ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption is consistently associated with poor health outcomes. Little is known about UPF intake during early childhood and its effects on growth. We assessed UPF in relation to child anthropometry, bone maturation, and their nutrition profiles in a rural Ecuadorian community. Covariate-adjusted regression models estimated relationships between UPF intake from a 24-hour Food Frequency Questionnaire and three outcomes: linear growth, weight status and bone maturation. Nutrient Profiling Models (NPM) evaluated a convenience sample of UPF (n 28) consumed by children in the community. In this cohort (n 125; mean age = 33·92 (sd 1·75) months), 92·8 % consumed some form of UPF the previous day. On average, children consuming UPF four to twelve times per day (highest tertile) had lower height-for-age z-scores than those with none or a single instance of UPF intake (lowest tertile) (β = -0·43 [se 0·18]; P = 0·02). Adjusted stunting odds were significantly higher in the highest tertile relative to the lowest tertile (OR: 3·07, 95 % CI 1·11, 9·09). Children in the highest tertile had significantly higher bone age z-scores (BAZ) on average compared with the lowest tertile (β = 0·58 [se 0·25]; P = 0·03). Intake of savoury UPF was negatively associated with weight-for-height z-scores (β = -0·30 [se 0·14]; P = 0·04) but positively associated with BAZ (β = 0·77 [se 0·23]; P < 0·001). NPM indicated the availability of unhealthy UPF to children, with excessive amounts of saturated fats, free sugars and sodium. Findings suggest that frequent UPF intake during early childhood may be linked to stunted growth (after controlling for bone age and additional covariates), despite paradoxical associations with bone maturation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel A. Gyimah
- Brown School, Institute of Public Health, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Nicholas
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - William F. Waters
- Institute for Research in Health and Nutrition, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Carlos Andres Gallegos-Riofrío
- Brown School, Institute of Public Health, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Institute for Research in Health and Nutrition, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
- Gund Institute for Environment, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Melissa Chapnick
- Brown School, Institute of Public Health, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ivy Blackmore
- Brown School, Institute of Public Health, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Lora L. Iannotti
- Brown School, Institute of Public Health, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bogea EG, Martins MLB, França AKTDC, da Silva AAM. Dietary Patterns, Nutritional Status and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Adolescents from the RPS Birth Cohort Consortium. Nutrients 2023; 15:4640. [PMID: 37960293 PMCID: PMC10648275 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the dietary patterns (DPs) of adolescents and assess indicators of subclinical inflammation. It was a cross-sectional study aligned with the RPS cohort with data from São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil. We evaluated 511 adolescents between 18-19 years old. DPs were identified with a factor analysis of the principal components. Nutritional status was assessed with body mass index and body fat percentages. Hierarchical modeling was performed using a linear regression to estimate the beta coefficient (β) of the independent variables with the dependent variables interleukin-6 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). Five DPs were identified: energy-dense, sugar-sweetened beverages and breakfast cereals, prudent, traditional Brazilian and alcoholic and energy beverages. Greater adherence to the prudent DP was associated with a lower concentration of interleukin-6 (β = -0.11; p value = 0.040). Greater adherence to the DP "traditional Brazilian" and "alcoholic and energy beverages" were associated with increased IL-6, mediated by the nutritional status. A higher BMI (β = 0.36; p value = <0.001) and %BF (β = 0.02; p value = 0.014) were associated with higher hs-CRP concentrations. The nutritional status and "prudent" pattern were associated with inflammatory biomarkers. These findings show that a higher consumption of fresh and minimally processed foods and the adequacy of the nutritional status are protective factors for the inflammatory process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduarda Gomes Bogea
- Postgraduate Programme in Collective Health, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís 65020-070, Brazil; (M.L.B.M.); (A.K.T.d.C.F.); (A.A.M.d.S.)
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Solsona EM, Johnson L, Northstone K, Buckland G. Prospective association between an obesogenic dietary pattern in early adolescence and metabolomics derived and traditional cardiometabolic risk scores in adolescents and young adults from the ALSPAC cohort. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2023; 20:41. [PMID: 37715209 PMCID: PMC10504726 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-023-00754-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary intake during early life may be a modifying factor for cardiometabolic risk (CMR). Metabolomic profiling may enable more precise identification of CMR in adolescence than traditional CMR scores. We aim to assess and compare the prospective associations between an obesogenic dietary pattern (DP) score at age 13 years with a novel vs. traditional CMR score in adolescence and young adulthood in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). METHODS Study participants were ALSPAC children with diet diary data at age 13. The obesogenic DP z-score, characterized by high energy-density, high % of energy from total fat and free sugars, and low fibre density, was previously derived using reduced rank regression. CMR scores were calculated by combining novel metabolites or traditional risk factors (fat mass index, insulin resistance, mean arterial blood pressure, triacylglycerol, HDL and LDL cholesterol) at age 15 (n = 1808), 17 (n = 1629), and 24 years (n = 1760). Multivariable linear regression models estimated associations of DP z-score with log-transformed CMR z-scores. RESULTS Compared to the lowest tertile, the highest DP z-score tertile at age 13 was associated with an increase in the metabolomics CMR z-score at age 15 (β = 0.20, 95% CI 0.09, 0.32, p trend < 0.001) and at age 17 (β = 0.22, 95% CI 0.10, 0.34, p trend < 0.001), and with the traditional CMR z-score at age 15 (β = 0.15, 95% CI 0.05, 0.24, p trend 0.020). There was no evidence of an association at age 17 for the traditional CMR z-score (β = 0.07, 95% CI -0.03, 0.16, p trend 0.137) or for both scores at age 24. CONCLUSIONS An obesogenic DP was associated with greater CMR in adolescents. Stronger associations were observed with a novel metabolite CMR score compared to traditional risk factors. There may be benefits from modifying diet during adolescence for CMR health, which should be prioritized for further research in trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Martínez Solsona
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, BS8 1TZ, Bristol, UK.
| | - Laura Johnson
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, BS8 1TZ, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Centre for Health, NatCen Social Research, London, UK
| | - Kate Northstone
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Genevieve Buckland
- Centre for Academic Child Health, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yin XC, Wang WF, Li ZM, Duan YJ, Chen M, Wu YN, Hu YM. The relationship between dietary patterns and blood mineral concentration among children in Hunan Province of China. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1518. [PMID: 37563609 PMCID: PMC10413533 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16429-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Minerals have crucial biological functions in metabolism and are primarily obtained through diet. As a result, various dietary patterns can impact blood mineral levels. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between dietary patterns and the concentration of calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, and copper in the bloodstream. METHODS Three hundred eighty healthy children (53.7% male) were recruited in a region of Hunan Province in September 2019. We gathered basic information and measured physical proportions, along with completing a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Using principal component analysis (PCA), we determined dietary patterns. To analyze mineral levels in the blood, we used flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). We utilized linear regression models to investigate if certain dietary patterns are related to mineral concentration. RESULTS Three dietary patterns were identified: 'Vegetables/Nuts,' 'Snacks/Beverages,' and 'Cereal/Beans.' Children from high-income families (annual average income > 50,000 yuan) prefer the 'Vegetables/Nuts' dietary pattern (P = 0.004). In comparison, those from low-income families (annual average income < 20,000 yuan) prefer the 'Snacks/Beverages' dietary pattern (P = 0.03). Following adjustment for age, gender, guardian's identity, education level, and annual household income. We found that an increase in the 'Vegetables/Nuts' pattern score (β = 0.153, CI: 0.053 ~ 0.253; P = 0.003) and 'Snacks/Beverages' pattern score (β = 0.103, CI: 0.002 ~ 0.204; P = 0.033) were significantly associated blood copper concentration. CONCLUSIONS Household income was found to be associated with dietary behavior. Furthermore, higher blood copper concentration was significantly correlated with the 'Vegetables/Nuts' dietary pattern and 'Snacks/Beverages' dietary pattern, but the correlation is extremely low.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Chen Yin
- Department of Toxicology, Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Furong Road No. 450, Changsha, 410005, China
| | - Wei-Feng Wang
- Department of Toxicology, Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Furong Road No. 450, Changsha, 410005, China
| | - Zi-Min Li
- Department of Toxicology, Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Furong Road No. 450, Changsha, 410005, China
| | - Yu-Jie Duan
- Department of Toxicology, Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Furong Road No. 450, Changsha, 410005, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Toxicology, Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Furong Road No. 450, Changsha, 410005, China
| | - Yuan-Ni Wu
- Department of Toxicology, Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Furong Road No. 450, Changsha, 410005, China
| | - Yu-Ming Hu
- Department of Toxicology, Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Furong Road No. 450, Changsha, 410005, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
de Menezes LRD, E Souza RCV, Cardoso PC, Dos Santos LC. Factors Associated with Dietary Patterns of Schoolchildren: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112450. [PMID: 37299412 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The evaluation of food consumption in childhood is essential to help understand the effect of food choices on health. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of studies that identified the dietary patterns in schoolchildren (7-10 years old) and their associated factors. Observational studies published in the last ten years were searched in the databases BVS (Virtual Health Library), Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The Newcastle Ottawa Scale was adopted to evaluate the articles' quality. The studies covered schoolchildren, children, and adolescents as part of the sample. We selected 16 studies, 75% of which were considered good/very good and seven mentioned three food patterns. A dietary pattern considered unhealthy was identified in 93.75% of the studies, having as associated factors to its consumption: higher screen time, low bone mass, gain of weight and fat in children, and meal skipping. The children who usually had breakfast showed greater adherence to the dietary pattern consisting of healthier foods. The children's dietary patterns were related to their behavior, nutritional status, and family environment habits. Food and nutrition education's effective actions, as well as the regularization of the marketing of ultra-processed foods, must be stimulated and inserted in public policies as a way to promote and protect children's health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pollyanna Costa Cardoso
- Nutrition Department, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares 35010-180, MG, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lares-Villaseñor E, Salazar-García S, Cossío-Torres PE, Medina-Jasso DL, Aradillas-García C, Portales-Pérez DP, Vargas-Morales JM. Glycemia and associated factors in a pediatric population in Mexico. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1172837. [PMID: 37266538 PMCID: PMC10230080 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1172837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims In this study, we evaluated the association of sociodemographic, lifestyle and cardiometabolic factors with blood glucose levels in children and adolescents in Mexico. Methods An analytical cross-sectional study of 642 children and adolescents aged 6 to 19 years from different educational centers located in municipalities of the state of San Luis Potosí, Mexico, was carried out. Pearson χ2 and Spearman correlation tests and multiple linear regression models were used to evaluate the associations of the variables with glycemia. Results The prevalence of prediabetes was 8.0% in both sexes. Male participants were more likely to develop hyperglycemia than female participants (OR 2.7, 95% CI: 1.5-5.0). The variables associated with glucose levels were male sex, high socioeconomic status, inadequate diet, high blood pressure, and increased total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides, which also explained up to 15.6% (p < 0.05) of the variability in glucose concentrations. Conclusion The detection of sociodemographic, lifestyle and cardiometabolic factors in children and adolescents will contribute to the implementation of prevention strategies for cardiometabolic diseases, among which prediabetes is common.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E. Lares-Villaseñor
- Laboratorio de Análisis Clínicos, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | - S. Salazar-García
- Laboratorio de Análisis Clínicos, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | - P. E. Cossío-Torres
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | - D. L. Medina-Jasso
- Laboratorio de Análisis Clínicos, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | - C. Aradillas-García
- Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | - D. P. Portales-Pérez
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina (CICSaB), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | - J. M. Vargas-Morales
- Laboratorio de Análisis Clínicos, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Tozo TAA, Pereira BO, Brand C, Tadiotto MC, Moreira CMM, Leite N. Adolescents who practice physical activity have adequate food choices, regardless of the level of somatic maturation and adiposity. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2023:jpem-2023-0002. [PMID: 37071811 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2023-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Regular physical activity and adequate food are part of a healthy lifestyle for the maintenance of physical and metabolic health. To verify the moderating role of physical activity (PA) in the relationship between dietary patterns and body adiposity in adolescents, according to somatic maturation. METHODS Study with cross-sectional design, sample of 336 adolescents of both sexes, aged between 11 and 17 years. Body mass, height, and waist circumference (WC) were evaluated. Body mass index (BMI), BMI z-score (BMI-z), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and somatic maturation by peak height velocity (PHV) were calculated. The level of PA was measured by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and dietary pattern by the Food Frequency Questionnaire ELSA - Brazil (short version). Moderation analyzes were tested using multiple linear regression models, by PROCESS macro for SPSS. RESULTS An inverse interaction of PA was observed in the relationship between food consumption factor 5 (ultra-processed foods category) and WC in boys categorized as pre-pubertal and pubertal PHV (β=-5.344; CI95 % -10.108 -0.580; p=0.028). For girls, no interaction was observed in any of the models analyzed. CONCLUSIONS It was observed that the level of PA can influence food choices in prepubertal and pubertal boys, since the active boys showed better dietary pattern and lower central adiposity. Therefore, the findings reinforce the need to encourage the regular practice of physical activities from an early age, mainly aimed at preventing obesity in children and adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Caroline Brand
- IRyS Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Maiara Cristina Tadiotto
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Paraná, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Carla Marisa Maia Moreira
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Neiva Leite
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Paraná, Paraná, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Inorganic Pyrophosphate Plasma Levels Are Decreased in Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum Patients and Heterozygous Carriers but Do Not Correlate with the Genotype or Phenotype. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12051893. [PMID: 36902680 PMCID: PMC10003929 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12051893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is a rare ectopic calcification disorder affecting soft connective tissues that is caused by biallelic ABCC6 mutations. While the underlying pathomechanisms are incompletely understood, reduced circulatory levels of inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi)-a potent mineralization inhibitor-have been reported in PXE patients and were suggested to be useful as a disease biomarker. In this study, we explored the relation between PPi, the ABCC6 genotype and the PXE phenotype. For this, we optimized and validated a PPi measurement protocol with internal calibration that can be used in a clinical setting. An analysis of 78 PXE patients, 69 heterozygous carriers and 14 control samples revealed significant differences in the measured PPi levels between all three cohorts, although there was overlap between all groups. PXE patients had a ±50% reduction in PPi levels compared to controls. Similarly, we found a ±28% reduction in carriers. PPi levels were found to correlate with age in PXE patients and carriers, independent of the ABCC6 genotype. No correlations were found between PPi levels and the Phenodex scores. Our results suggest that other factors besides PPi are at play in ectopic mineralization, which limits the use of PPi as a predictive biomarker for severity and disease progression.
Collapse
|
18
|
Brauchmann J, Bau AM, Mensink GBM, Richter A, Ernert A, Keller T, Wiegand S. Dietary Patterns in Adolescent Obesity as Predictors of Long-Term Success Following an Intensive Inpatient Lifestyle Programme. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16613. [PMID: 36554494 PMCID: PMC9778969 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Lifestyle interventions for adolescents with obesity show minor long-term effects on anthropometric parameters. The persistence of dietary changes after obesity inpatient rehabilitation has not been sufficiently investigated. (2) Objectives: To analyse dietary patterns in German adolescents with obesity as predictors of long-term success following an intensive inpatient lifestyle programme regarding food choices as well as body weight and comorbidities. (3) Methods: Food consumption data of 137 German adolescents with obesity aged 10-17 years were collected by a nutrition interview. Cluster analysis was used to group the participants according to their food consumption. Dietary patterns, changes in body weight and insulin resistance were compared over a 2-year-period. (4) Results: Three dietary patterns were identified. Big Eaters (n = 32) consume high amounts of total sugar and meat, Moderate Eaters (n = 66) have a diet comparable to the national average, and Snackers (n = 39) have a particularly high consumption of total sugar. Big Eaters and Snackers significantly reduced the consumption of total sugar. Among Moderate Eaters, no persistent changes were observed. (5) Conclusion: Weight reduction interventions can induce long-lasting changes in the diet of adolescents with obesity. Therefore, the success of a weight reduction intervention should not be determined by weight reduction only.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jana Brauchmann
- Center for Chronically Sick Children, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne-Madeleine Bau
- Center for Chronically Sick Children, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Andrea Ernert
- Institute of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Theresa Keller
- Institute of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanna Wiegand
- Center for Chronically Sick Children, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Shi J, Fang H, Guo Q, Yu D, Ju L, Cheng X, Piao W, Xu X, Li Z, Mu D, Zhao L, He L. Association of Dietary Patterns with Metabolic Syndrome in Chinese Children and Adolescents Aged 7–17: The China National Nutrition and Health Surveillance of Children and Lactating Mothers in 2016–2017. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173524. [PMID: 36079782 PMCID: PMC9460434 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to determine the associations of dietary patterns with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in Chinese children and adolescents aged 7–17 in 2016–2017. Using the data from the China National Nutrition and Health Surveillance of Children and Lactating Mothers in 2016–2017, the sociodemographic information, diet, anthropometric measurements and clinical examinations of subjects were obtained, and a total of 13,071 school-aged children and adolescents were included in this study. The Cook criteria were used to define MetS and its components. Dietary intake was derived from 24-h dietary records for three consecutive days, combined with the weighing method. Factor analysis was used to identify major dietary patterns. The associations of dietary patterns with MetS and its components were examined by logistic regression analysis. Consequently, five distinct dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis, and the relationships between dietary patterns with MetS and its components were observed. After adjusting for covariates, the animal product and vegetable patterns may have a positive association with MetS; the condiment pattern was positively associated with low HDL-C; the fruit and junk food patterns had positive relationships with MetS, abdominal obesity and high TG; the cereals and tubers pattern was positively associated with MetS, abdominal obesity, high TG and low HDL-C; the beans pattern was positively associated with high TG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Li He
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-010-6623-7033
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Loo BKG, Tan B, Chia MYH, Chan PC, Sirisena D, Zainuddin MA, Oh JY, Teoh OH, Tan TSZ, Lim MCM, Lim EJK, Müller-Riemenschneider F, Tan NC, Siriamornsarp R, Teo TCC, Quah PL, Rajadurai VS, Tan KH, Ng KC. Consensus statement on Singapore integrated 24-hour activity guide for children and adolescents. ANNALS OF THE ACADEMY OF MEDICINE, SINGAPORE 2022; 51:292-299. [PMID: 35658152 DOI: 10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.202141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lifestyle activities, such as regular physical activity, are important for good metabolic health and the prevention of non-communicable diseases. Epidemiological studies highlight an increase in the proportion of overweight children in Singapore. A workgroup was formed to develop recommendations to encourage children and adolescents (aged 7-17 years) to adopt a holistic approach towards integrating beneficial activities within a daily 24-hour period for good metabolic and general health. METHODS The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) Evidence to Decision framework was employed to formulate the public health question, assess the evidence and draw conclusions for the guide. The evidence for international 24-hour movement guidelines, and guidelines for physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep and eating habits were reviewed. An update of the literature review from August 2018 to end of September 2020 was conducted through an electronic search of Medline and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases. RESULTS Ten consensus statements were developed. The statements focused on the overall aim of achieving good metabolic health through integration of these activities and initiatives: light and moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity on a regular basis; muscle- and bone-strengthening activities; limiting sedentary behaviour; regular and adequate sleep; good eating habits and choosing nutritionally balanced foods and drinks; practise safety in exercise; and aiming to achieve more or all aforementioned recommendations for the best results. CONCLUSION This set of recommendations provides guidance to encourage Singapore children and adolescents to adopt health-beneficial activities within a 24-hour period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benny Kai Guo Loo
- Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Porto JP, Bezerra VM, Pereira Netto M, Rocha DDS. [Introduction of ultra-processed foods and associated factors among children under six months of age in the Southwest of the state of Bahia, Brazil]. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2022; 27:2087-2098. [PMID: 35544833 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232022275.03802021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The scope of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors with the introduction of ultra-processed food (UPF) among children under six months of age living in the southwest of Bahia state. This is an excerpt from a prospective cohort study conducted with pairs of mothers/babies. The introduction of UPF was defined by the intake of at least one UPF before the age of six months. Socioeconomic, maternal, paternal, gestational, and child-related information was gathered by the application of questionnaires. To analyze the factors associated with the outcome, Poisson regression was performed according to a hierarchical model. P-value<0.05 and 95% confidence interval are considered. A total of 300 mother/baby pairs were evaluated. Before 6 months, 31.3% of children have already received UPF. With greater introduction of cookies/biscuits (23.3%) and yogurt (14.3%). The introduction of UPF before six months of age was higher among families with lower income (p=0.038), lower maternal education (p=0.031), lower maternal (p=0.017) and paternal (p=0.013) age, among children who had cow's milk <6 months (p<0.001) and tea <30 days (p=0.005). The results demonstrate the need for interventions aimed at reducing the introduction of UPF, especially for low-income families, with less education and among younger parents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Prates Porto
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia. R. Rio de Contas, 58, Quadra 17, Lote 58, Campus Anísio Teixeira, Candeias. Vitória da Conquista BA Brasil.
| | - Vanessa Moraes Bezerra
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia. R. Rio de Contas, 58, Quadra 17, Lote 58, Campus Anísio Teixeira, Candeias. Vitória da Conquista BA Brasil.
| | - Michele Pereira Netto
- Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. Juiz de Fora MG Brasil
| | - Daniela da Silva Rocha
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia. R. Rio de Contas, 58, Quadra 17, Lote 58, Campus Anísio Teixeira, Candeias. Vitória da Conquista BA Brasil.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Suhett LG, Juvanhol LL, Silva MA, Ribeiro SAV, Hermsdorff HHM, Shivappa N, Hébert JR, de Novaes JF. Interaction effect between breakfast skipping and sedentary behavior in the dietary inflammatory potential in Brazilian schoolchildren. Nutrition 2022; 102:111749. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
23
|
Gutierrez E, Metcalfe JJ, Prescott MP. The Relationship between Fluid Milk, Water, and 100% Juice and Health Outcomes among Children and Adolescents. Nutrients 2022; 14:1892. [PMID: 35565861 PMCID: PMC9100844 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Beverages can provide improved nutrient intake and hydration, but also pose concerns related to overnutrition or contamination for children and adolescents who are in a time of critical growth. This narrative review aims to understand the impact of milk, 100% juice, and water consumption on health-related outcomes in youth. The literature review conducted used PubMed, Web of Science, and CABI global. Forty-five research articles met the quality criteria and were included. Health organization and governmental resources were also reviewed to identify current intake and consumption recommendations. All beverages in this review were associated with a variety of desirable and undesirable findings that spanned over 40 different health outcomes. Most studies that assessed milk lacked clear distinction between milk type (flavored vs. unflavored) or fat percentage, making it difficult to understand the impact of milk consumption. The relationship between milk intake and anthropometric-related outcomes were mixed within and across studies. Water was consistently associated with better hydration, while 100% juice and flavored milk intake was associated with more desirable dietary patterns or nutrients that children are currently not consuming adequate amounts of. The implications of these findings were discussed in the context of the National School Lunch Program (NSLP), while considering the impact of issues such as contaminated water and lactose intolerance. This review suggests that water may be an optimal default beverage option in the NSLP to promote hydration and accommodate beverage preferences for those with lactose intolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Melissa Pflugh Prescott
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; (E.G.); (J.J.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Neves MEA, Souza MR, Gorgulho BM, Pereira RA, Cunha DB, Souza AM, Muraro AP, Ferreira MG, Rodrigues PRM. Restricted dietary pattern may contribute to lowering blood pressure in adolescents with obesity: Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents. J Hypertens 2022; 40:785-793. [PMID: 35175959 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dieting is one of the main target factors for interventions that seek to control and prevent rising blood pressure. This study identified dietary patterns and analyzed their association with adolescents' blood pressure. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study with a probabilistic and nationally representative sample of adolescents aged 12-17 years, who participated in the Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents (ERICA), carried out in 2013-2014 with Brazilian adolescents (N = 36 956). Food consumption was assessed by 24 h recall. Dietary patterns were identified using the Reduced Rank Regression method, and considering waist circumference, fasting insulin, and dietary polyunsaturated fat/saturated fat ratio as intermediate variables. Multiple linear regression models stratified by weight were developed; SBP and DBP were the dependent variables, and dietary pattern scores were the independent ones, with adjustment for potential confounding factors. RESULTS The following patterns were identified: 'Brazilian common', 'Restricted' and 'Added sugar'. The 'Restricted' pattern, which included diet/light foods, chicken and chicken-based dishes, leafy greens, vegetables and spices, red meats and dishes based on red meats and tubers, was inversely associated with SBP (β = -1.55; 95% CI = -2.26 to -0.83) and DBP (β = -1.19; 95% CI = -1.70 to -0.68) in adolescents with obesity. CONCLUSION In adolescents with obesity, a low-energy density diet was associated with reduced blood pressure. These findings are consistent with international recommendations for preventing elevated blood pressure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morgana E A Neves
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Avenida Fernando Corrêa da Costa, Bairro Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso
| | - Marielly R Souza
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Avenida Fernando Corrêa da Costa, Bairro Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso
| | - Bartira M Gorgulho
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Avenida Fernando Corrêa da Costa, Bairro Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso
| | - Rosangela A Pereira
- Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373. Edifício do Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Bloco J, 2° andar, Cidade Universitária
| | - Diana B Cunha
- Instituto de Medicina Social, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Pavilhão João Lyra Filho, 7° andar
| | - Amanda M Souza
- Instituto de Estudos em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Endereço: Avenida Horácio Macedo, s/n - Próximo a Prefeitura Universitária da UFRJ. Ilha do Fundão - Cidade Universitária
| | - Ana Paula Muraro
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Avenida Fernando Correa da Costa, 2367, Bairro Boa Esperança, Cuiabâ, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Márcia G Ferreira
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Avenida Fernando Corrêa da Costa, Bairro Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso
| | - Paulo R M Rodrigues
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Avenida Fernando Corrêa da Costa, Bairro Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Vivi ACP, Azevedo-Silva TR, Neri D, Strufaldi MWL, Lebrão CW, Fonseca FLA, Sarni ROS, Suano-Souza FI. Association between ultra-processed food intake and C-reactive protein levels in preterm and term infants Ultra-processed food intake and inflammation in infants. Nutrition 2022; 99-100:111649. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
26
|
Costa JO, Barbosa JS, Alves LVS, de Almeida RR, Oliveira VB, Pereira LMC, de Oliveira LMSM, Rocha RMS, dos Santos Vieira DA, Barbosa KBF, de Carvalho Costa IMNB, Aidar FJ, de Souza MFC, Oliveira JLM, Baumworcel L, Neves EB, Díaz-de-Durana AL, Almeida-Santos MA, Sousa ACS. Food Patterns of Hospitalized Patients with Heart Failure and Their Relationship with Demographic, Economic and Clinical Factors in Sergipe, Brazil. Nutrients 2022; 14:987. [PMID: 35267962 PMCID: PMC8912487 DOI: 10.3390/nu14050987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The high rates of hospitalization and mortality caused by Heart Failure (HF) have attracted the attention of health sectors around the world. Dietary patterns that involve food combinations and preparations with synergistic or antagonistic effects of different dietary components can influence the worsening and negative outcomes of this disease. Objectives: To describe the dietary patterns of patients hospitalized for HF decompensation and associate them with demographic, economic, and clinical factors, and the type of care provided in Sergipe. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study that is part of the Congestive Heart Failure Registry (VICTIM-CHF)” of Aracaju/SE. Prospective data collection took place with all patients hospitalized between April 2018 and February 2021 in cardiology referral hospitals, 2 public and 1 private. The data collected were sociodemographic, clinical, lifestyle, anthropometric and food consumption variables. Daily dietary intake was estimated by applying a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. The extraction of dietary patterns, by exploratory factor analysis, was performed after grouping the foods according to the nutritional value and form of preparation into 34 groups. To assess the association between the factorial scores for adherence to the standards and the variables studied, the Mann-Whitney U test was applied. Linear regressions were also performed, considering the dietary pattern (one for each pattern) as a dependent variable. Results: The study included 240 patients hospitalized for HF decompensation, most of them elderly (mean age 61.12 ± 1.06 years), male (52.08%) and attended by the Unified Health System—SUS (67.5%). Three dietary patterns were identified, labeled “traditional” (typical foods of the Brazilian northeastern population added to ultra-processed foods), “Mediterranean” (foods recommended by the Mediterranean diet) and “dual” (healthy foods combined with fast and easy-to-prepare foods like snacks, bread, sweets and desserts). Adherence to the “traditional” pattern was greater among men (p < 0.031) and non-diabetics (p < 0.003). The “Mediterranean” was more consumed by the elderly (p < 0.001), with partners (p = 0.001) and a lower income (p < 0.001), assisted by the SUS (p < 0.001) and without hypertension (p = 0,04). The “dual” diet pattern had greater adherence by the elderly (p < 0.001), self-declared non-black (p = 0.012), with higher income (p < 0.001), assisted in the private sector (p < 0.001) and with less impaired functional capacity (p = 0.037). It was also observed that being female (p = 0.031) and being older reduced the average scores of performing the “traditional” pattern (p = 0.002). Regarding the type of service, being from the public service reduced the average scores for adhering to the “dual” pattern (p = 0.008). Conclusions: Three dietary patterns representative of the population were found, called traditional, Mediterranean and dual, which were associated with demographic, economic and clinical factors. Thus, these standards must be considered in the development of nutritional strategies and recommendations in order to increase adherence to diets that are more protective against cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jamille Oliveira Costa
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Aracaju 49060-676, Brazil; (J.S.B.); (L.V.S.A.); (R.R.d.A.); (V.B.O.); (L.M.C.P.); (L.M.S.M.d.O.); (R.M.S.R.); (J.L.M.O.); (A.C.S.S.)
| | - Juliana Santos Barbosa
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Aracaju 49060-676, Brazil; (J.S.B.); (L.V.S.A.); (R.R.d.A.); (V.B.O.); (L.M.C.P.); (L.M.S.M.d.O.); (R.M.S.R.); (J.L.M.O.); (A.C.S.S.)
| | - Luciana Vieira Sousa Alves
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Aracaju 49060-676, Brazil; (J.S.B.); (L.V.S.A.); (R.R.d.A.); (V.B.O.); (L.M.C.P.); (L.M.S.M.d.O.); (R.M.S.R.); (J.L.M.O.); (A.C.S.S.)
| | - Rebeca Rocha de Almeida
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Aracaju 49060-676, Brazil; (J.S.B.); (L.V.S.A.); (R.R.d.A.); (V.B.O.); (L.M.C.P.); (L.M.S.M.d.O.); (R.M.S.R.); (J.L.M.O.); (A.C.S.S.)
| | - Victor Batista Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Aracaju 49060-676, Brazil; (J.S.B.); (L.V.S.A.); (R.R.d.A.); (V.B.O.); (L.M.C.P.); (L.M.S.M.d.O.); (R.M.S.R.); (J.L.M.O.); (A.C.S.S.)
| | - Larissa Monteiro Costa Pereira
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Aracaju 49060-676, Brazil; (J.S.B.); (L.V.S.A.); (R.R.d.A.); (V.B.O.); (L.M.C.P.); (L.M.S.M.d.O.); (R.M.S.R.); (J.L.M.O.); (A.C.S.S.)
| | - Larissa Marina Santana Mendonça de Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Aracaju 49060-676, Brazil; (J.S.B.); (L.V.S.A.); (R.R.d.A.); (V.B.O.); (L.M.C.P.); (L.M.S.M.d.O.); (R.M.S.R.); (J.L.M.O.); (A.C.S.S.)
| | - Raysa Manuelle Santos Rocha
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Aracaju 49060-676, Brazil; (J.S.B.); (L.V.S.A.); (R.R.d.A.); (V.B.O.); (L.M.C.P.); (L.M.S.M.d.O.); (R.M.S.R.); (J.L.M.O.); (A.C.S.S.)
| | - Diva Aliete dos Santos Vieira
- Department of Nutrition, Campus Prof. Antônio Garcia Filho, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Lagarto 49400-000, Brazil;
| | | | | | - Felipe J. Aidar
- Group of Studies and Research in Performance, Sport, Health and Paralympic Sports—GEPEPS, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Sao Cristovao 49100-000, Brazil;
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Sao Cristovao 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Márcia Ferreira Cândido de Souza
- Postgraduate Program Professional in Management and Technological Innovation in Health, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Aracaju 49100-000, Brazil;
| | - Joselina Luzia Menezes Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Aracaju 49060-676, Brazil; (J.S.B.); (L.V.S.A.); (R.R.d.A.); (V.B.O.); (L.M.C.P.); (L.M.S.M.d.O.); (R.M.S.R.); (J.L.M.O.); (A.C.S.S.)
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Sao Cristovao 49100-000, Brazil
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital of Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Sao Cristovao 49100-000, Brazil
- Clinic and Hospital São Lucas/Division, Rede D’Or São Luiz, Aracaju 49060-676, Brazil; (L.B.); (M.A.A.-S.)
| | - Leonardo Baumworcel
- Clinic and Hospital São Lucas/Division, Rede D’Or São Luiz, Aracaju 49060-676, Brazil; (L.B.); (M.A.A.-S.)
| | - Eduardo Borba Neves
- Postgraduate Program in Biomedical Engineering, Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Curitiba 80230-901, Brazil;
| | - Alfonso López Díaz-de-Durana
- Sports Department, Physical Activity and Sports Faculty-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Marcos Antonio Almeida-Santos
- Clinic and Hospital São Lucas/Division, Rede D’Or São Luiz, Aracaju 49060-676, Brazil; (L.B.); (M.A.A.-S.)
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Environment, Tiradentes University (UNIT), Aracaju 49010-390, Brazil
| | - Antônio Carlos Sobral Sousa
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Aracaju 49060-676, Brazil; (J.S.B.); (L.V.S.A.); (R.R.d.A.); (V.B.O.); (L.M.C.P.); (L.M.S.M.d.O.); (R.M.S.R.); (J.L.M.O.); (A.C.S.S.)
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Sao Cristovao 49100-000, Brazil
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital of Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Sao Cristovao 49100-000, Brazil
- Clinic and Hospital São Lucas/Division, Rede D’Or São Luiz, Aracaju 49060-676, Brazil; (L.B.); (M.A.A.-S.)
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
FACCIOLÀ ALESSIO, VISALLI GIUSEPPA, D’ANDREA GIUSEPPA, VARVARÀ MASSIMO, SANTORO GIUSY, CUFFARI ROSARIA, DI PIETRO ANGELA. Prevention of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes: importance of a screening program for the early detection of risk conditions in a target population. JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND HYGIENE 2022; 62:E934-E942. [PMID: 35603258 PMCID: PMC9104660 DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2021.62.4.2360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiovascular diseases and diabetes are two of the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In their genesis, an important role is played by some behavioural risk factors that may induce the onset of further risk factors represented by hypertension, prediabetes, overweight and obesity. This study aimed to show the importance of the screening methodology for early detection of these risk conditions in order to reduce the burden of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes complications. METHODS We carried out a screening programme involving a cohort of people aged 45-60 in which risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and diabetes were evaluated. The subjects were then classified into four groups according to the risk conditions. RESULTS A high percentage (27.0%) of the sample had some alteration in the detected anthropometric and/or clinical-laboratory parameters but were unaware of this condition and, consequently, not under therapeutic treatment. CONCLUSIONS The screening programme allowed the early detection of hypertension and prediabetes or full-blown diabetes conditions in subjects who were unaware they had a pathological condition, and consequently to proceed with adequate investigations and start healthy lifestyles/pharmacological therapies. Overall, the results highlight the need to anticipate these screening campaigns, especially in men, to increase the effectiveness of the prevention programmes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- ALESSIO FACCIOLÀ
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: Alessio Facciolà, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy - E-mail:
| | - GIUSEPPA VISALLI
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Italy
| | - GIUSEPPA D’ANDREA
- Operative Unit of Epidemiology, Department of Prevention, Provincial Health Agency, Messina, Italy
| | - MASSIMO VARVARÀ
- Operative Unit of Epidemiology, Department of Prevention, Provincial Health Agency, Messina, Italy
| | - GIUSY SANTORO
- Operative Unit of Epidemiology, Department of Prevention, Provincial Health Agency, Messina, Italy
| | - ROSARIA CUFFARI
- Operative Unit of Epidemiology, Department of Prevention, Provincial Health Agency, Messina, Italy
| | - ANGELA DI PIETRO
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Durão C, Severo M, Oliveira A, Lopes C. Sex-Heterogeneity on the Association between Dietary Patterns at 4 Years of Age with Adiposity and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors at 10 Years of Age. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030540. [PMID: 35276899 PMCID: PMC8839534 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the association of dietary patterns (DP) at 4 years with adiposity and cardiometabolic risk factors at 10 years, considering sex-heterogeneity. This prospective analysis included 3823 children enrolled in the population-based birth cohort, Generation XXI (Porto-Portugal, 2005-2006). Diet at 4 years was assessed by FFQ, with three DP being identified: high in energy-dense foods (EDF), intermediate in snacks (snacking), and healthier (reference). BMI at 10 years was considered as the Z-score according to the WHO. Other adiposity indicators-fat mass percentage (FM%), fat mass index (FMI), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR)-were converted to z-scores using the sample's sex-specific means and standard deviations, as were the cardiometabolic risk factors (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, lipid profile, and insulin resistance). The associations of DP at 4 years with later adiposity or cardiometabolic factors were estimated by linear regression or by multinomial logistic regression models. In fully adjusted models, the EDF DP was significantly positively associated with the BMI (EDF vs. healthier: β = 0.139; 95% CI: 0.031, 0.246, P-interaction = 0.042) and obesity (OR = 2.68; 95% CI 1.55, 4.63, P-interaction = 0.005) only in girls, among whom, it increased insulin (β = 0.165; 95% CI: 0.020, 0.311) and HOMA-IR (β = 0.159; 95% CI: 0.013, 0.306) at 10 years. An EDF DP at 4 years is associated with later adiposity, insulin, and HOMA-IR in girls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Durão
- EPIUnit-Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; (C.D.); (M.S.); (A.O.)
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Milton Severo
- EPIUnit-Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; (C.D.); (M.S.); (A.O.)
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Public Health and Forensic Sciences and Medical Education Department, University of Porto Medical School, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Oliveira
- EPIUnit-Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; (C.D.); (M.S.); (A.O.)
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Public Health and Forensic Sciences and Medical Education Department, University of Porto Medical School, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Lopes
- EPIUnit-Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; (C.D.); (M.S.); (A.O.)
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Public Health and Forensic Sciences and Medical Education Department, University of Porto Medical School, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.:+351-220-426-640
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Buckland G, Northstone K, Emmett PM, Taylor CM. The inflammatory potential of the diet in childhood is associated with cardiometabolic risk in adolescence/young adulthood in the ALSPAC birth cohort. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:3471-3486. [PMID: 35596006 PMCID: PMC9464173 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02860-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examined the association between a Dietary Inflammatory Score adapted for children (cDIS) and Cardiometabolic Risk (CMR) score in adolescence/early adulthood in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). METHODS The cDIS was calculated at 7, 10 and 13 years using diet diary data. Anthropometric and biochemical data at 17 (N = 1937) and 24 (N = 1957) years were used to calculate CMR scores at each age [mean sex-specific z-scores from triacylglycerol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and fat-mass index (FMI)]. Multivariable linear regression models examined associations between cDIS at 7, 10 and 13 years and a continuous CMR z-score and individual CMR markers at 17 and 24 years. RESULTS In fully adjusted models, a higher cDIS (more pro-inflammatory diet) at 7 years was associated with an increase in CMR z-score at 17 years (β 0.19; 95% CI 0.03-0.35 for third versus first cDIS tertile) and at 24 years (β 0.28; 95% CI 0.11,0.44 for third versus first cDIS tertile). There was a weak association between a higher cDIS at 10 years and an increase in CMR z-score at 17 years (β 0.16; 95% CI - 0.003, 0.32 for third versus first cDIS tertile). No other clear associations were evident. FMI, MAP and HOMA-IR were the main CMR factors contributing to these associations. CONCLUSION A more pro-inflammatory diet during childhood was associated with a worse cardiometabolic profile in late adolescence/early adulthood. A childhood diet abundant in nutrients with anti-inflammatory properties could help reduce development of CMR factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve Buckland
- Centre for Academic Child Health, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK.
| | - Kate Northstone
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Pauline M. Emmett
- Centre for Academic Child Health, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS UK
| | - Caroline M. Taylor
- Centre for Academic Child Health, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS UK
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Sinai T, Axelrod R, Shimony T, Boaz M, Kaufman-Shriqui V. Dietary Patterns among Adolescents Are Associated with Growth, Socioeconomic Features, and Health-Related Behaviors. Foods 2021; 10:3054. [PMID: 34945606 PMCID: PMC8700870 DOI: 10.3390/foods10123054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary patterns (DPs), usually established in adolescents, are important modifiable risk factors in the etiology of malnutrition and chronic diseases. This study aimed to identify DPs of adolescents and examine their associations with growth, sociodemographic, and lifestyle characteristics. A nationally representative, school-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in Israeli adolescents aged 11-18 years during 2015-2016. A self-administered survey queried sociodemographics, health behaviors, and diet. Weight and height were measured, and WHO height z-scores and BMI cutoffs were calculated. Food frequency questionnaire data were analyzed using principal components analysis (PCA) to identify DPs. Associations between growth, lifestyle, and sociodemographic characteristics and DPs were modeled using multivariable logistic regressions. A total of 3902 adolescents (46% males, mean age 15.2 ± 1.6 years) completed the survey. PCA identified five DPs, accounting for 38.3% of the total variance. The first two prominent DPs were the 'plant-based food' DP, which was associated with the female sex, higher socioeconomic status, overweight/obesity, and healthy lifestyle and the 'junk food' DP, which was associated with lower SES, unhealthy lifestyle, and lower height z-scores. Our results elucidate major DPs that strongly correlate with lifestyle risk behaviors and suboptimal growth among adolescents. Implementing screening for DPs should be further examined to identify higher risk health factors among youth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tali Sinai
- Israel Center for Disease Control, State of Israel Ministry of Health, Ramat-Gan 5265601, Israel; (T.S.); (R.A.); (T.S.)
- School of Nutritional Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Rachel Axelrod
- Israel Center for Disease Control, State of Israel Ministry of Health, Ramat-Gan 5265601, Israel; (T.S.); (R.A.); (T.S.)
| | - Tal Shimony
- Israel Center for Disease Control, State of Israel Ministry of Health, Ramat-Gan 5265601, Israel; (T.S.); (R.A.); (T.S.)
| | - Mona Boaz
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Ariel University, Kiryat Hamada 3, Ariel 40700, Israel;
| | - Vered Kaufman-Shriqui
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Ariel University, Kiryat Hamada 3, Ariel 40700, Israel;
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Bujtor M. Can dietary intake protect against low-grade inflammation in children and adolescents? Brain Behav Immun Health 2021; 18:100369. [PMID: 34825233 PMCID: PMC8604686 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2021.100369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In children and adolescents, chronic low-grade inflammation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of co- and multi-morbid conditions to mental health disorders. Diet quality is a potential mechanism of action that can exacerbate or ameliorate low-grade inflammation; however, the exact way dietary intake can regulate the immune response in children and adolescents is still to be fully understood. In this review, I discuss the current observational and interventional evidence that supports a potential therapeutic role for dietary intake in the amelioration of low-grade inflammation and highlight the need to develop a better understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying and attenuating the associations between dietary intake and low-grade inflammation in children and adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Bujtor
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience Division of Psychological Medicine Kings College London and Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Teixeira B, Afonso C, Rodrigues S, Oliveira A. Healthy and Sustainable Dietary Patterns in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review. Adv Nutr 2021; 13:1144-1185. [PMID: 34850824 PMCID: PMC9340991 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmab148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The need for adherence to a healthy and sustainable dietary pattern in the pediatric stage is discussed worldwide, being linked to a progressive incidence of noncommunicable diseases in adulthood. The aims of this systematic review were to summarize the healthy and/or sustainable dietary patterns, defined a priori, described in the literature for use during the pediatric stage; to evaluate the adherence to these dietary patterns; and identify the health-related benefits associated with adherence to these patterns. A literature search was carried out on Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science from 2010 up to 2021, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A total of 128 articles were included according to the following criteria: participants 2-17 y old, healthy and/or sustainable dietary patterns defined by an a priori methodology; articles written in English or Portuguese; and published since 2010. Fifty instruments with 14 adaptations that measure adherence to healthy and/or sustainable dietary patterns in children and adolescents were found. The Mediterranean Diet was the most studied dietary pattern. Adherence to healthy and/or sustainable dietary patterns has wide variations worldwide. Most of the instruments described have been little studied at pediatric ages, reducing the ability to extrapolate results. Higher adherence to these dietary patterns was associated with lower body fat, waist circumference, blood pressure, and metabolic risk. There is no consensus regarding the association with BMI. No studies have proofs of the sustainability characteristics of these instruments, it being necessary to produce a new sustainable instrument or test the association of the previous ones with, for example, the ecological footprint. Further validations of these instruments in each country and more prospective studies are needed to establish temporal relations with health-related outcomes. This systematic review was registered at www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/ as CRD42020221788.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Cláudia Afonso
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal,EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto [Institute of Public Health, University of Porto], Porto, Portugal,Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), [Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR)], Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Rodrigues
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal,EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto [Institute of Public Health, University of Porto], Porto, Portugal,Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), [Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR)], Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Oliveira
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto [Institute of Public Health, University of Porto], Porto, Portugal,Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), [Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR)], Porto, Portugal,Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Loo BKG, Okely AD, Pulungan A, Jalaludin MY. Asia-Pacific Consensus Statement on integrated 24-hour activity guidelines for children and adolescents. Br J Sports Med 2021; 56:539-545. [PMID: 34750119 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2021-104527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) constitute a significant public health challenge and pose a great burden on health and social systems throughout the world. The Asia-Pacific region is in a vulnerable position as the prevalence of NCDs will inevitably increase with rapid socioeconomic transitions; yet it is ill prepared for this public health challenge as Asian children are among the most physically inactive in the world. Aligned with the WHO's global strategy to control NCDs via preventive measures and health promotion policies, representatives from the Asia-Pacific region came together to develop consensus statement on integrated 24-hour activity guidelines for children and adolescents. These guidelines apply to children and adolescents, aged 5-18 years, in the Asia-Pacific region, regardless of gender, cultural background or socioeconomic status. These guidelines aim to provide the latest evidence-based recommendations, taking a holistic approach to lifestyle activities and adopting a practical perspective by framing these activities within a 24-hour period. Eating and dietary elements were incorporated as they closely influence the energy balance of the movement behaviours and vice versa. By investing in the younger generations through advocacy for healthier lifestyles, we aim to reduce the burden of NCDs in the Asia-Pacific region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benny Kai Guo Loo
- Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - Anthony David Okely
- School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Aman Pulungan
- Child Health Department, Universitas Indonesia-Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Depok, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Santaliestra-Pasías AM, Moreno LA, Gracia-Marco L, Buck C, Ahrens W, De Henauw S, Hebestreit A, Kourides Y, Lauria F, Lissner L, Molnar D, Veidebaum T, González-Gil EM. Prospective physical fitness status and development of cardiometabolic risk in children according to body fat and lifestyle behaviours: The IDEFICS study. Pediatr Obes 2021; 16:e12819. [PMID: 34002531 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated cardiometabolic risk (CMR) is an important factor for cardiovascular diseases later in life while physical fitness seems to decrease CMR. OBJECTIVE Thus, the aim of the present study is to assess the association between muscular fitness (MF) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) on CMR in European children, both cross-sectional and longitudinally. METHODS A total of 289 children (49.5% males) from eight European countries, aged 6 to 9, with longitudinal information on blood pressure, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, homoeostasis model assessment, body mass index, data on fitness level, objectively measured physical activity (PA), diet quality, and total screen time were included. A CMR score was calculated and dichotomized. MF and CRF were also dichotomized. Cross-sectional and longitudinal multilevel logistic regressions adjusting for lifestyle behaviours were performed. RESULTS Reaching a high level of MF during childhood as well as remaining in that level over-time were associated with an 82% and 62% lower probability of high CMR at follow-up, respectively. Also, children who became top CRF over time, showed a 77% lower probability (P < 0.05) of being in the highest CMR quartile at follow-up, independently of sociodemographic and lifestyle indicators. CONCLUSIONS A high MF at early childhood and during childhood reduces the odds of having CMR. Same occurs with the improvement of CRF during childhood. These findings highlight the importance of enhancing fitness to avoid CMR already in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alba M Santaliestra-Pasías
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Zaragoza, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Luis A Moreno
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Zaragoza, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Luis Gracia-Marco
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Christoph Buck
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany.,Institute of Statistics, Bremen University, Bremen, Germany
| | - Stefaan De Henauw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Antje Hebestreit
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | | | - Fabio Lauria
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - Lauren Lissner
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Denes Molnar
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Toomas Veidebaum
- National Institute for Health Development, Center of Health and Behavioral Science, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Esther M González-Gil
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
de Moraes MM, Oliveira B, Afonso C, Santos C, Torres D, Lopes C, de Miranda RC, Rauber F, Antoniazzi L, Levy RB, Rodrigues S. Dietary Patterns in Portuguese Children and Adolescent Population: The UPPER Project. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113851. [PMID: 34836107 PMCID: PMC8622610 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Considering the nature, extent, and purpose of food processing, this study aims to identify dietary patterns (DPs) and their associations with sociodemographic factors and diet quality in Portuguese children and adolescents. Cross-sectional data were obtained from the National Food, Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (2015-2016) of the Portuguese population. Dietary intake was obtained from two non-consecutive days and food items were classified according to the NOVA system. The proportion (in grams) of foods in the total daily diet was considered to identify DPs by latent class analysis, with age and sex as concomitant variables. Associations of DPs with sociodemographic characteristics were assessed using multinomial logistic regression. Linear regressions adjusted by sociodemographic characteristics tested associations of DPs with diet quality. DPs identified were: "Unhealthy" (higher sugar-sweetened beverages, industrial breads, and sausages intake), "Traditional" (higher vegetables, fish, olive oil, breads, ultra-processed yogurts, and sausages intake), and "Dairy" (higher intake of milk, yogurt, and milk-based beverages). "Unhealthy" was associated with older ages and lower intake of dietary fibre and vitamins and the highest free sugars and ultra-processed foods (UPF), although all DPs presented significant consumption of UPF. These findings should be considered for the design of food-based interventions and school-feeding policies in Portugal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milena Miranda de Moraes
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; (B.O.); (C.A.); (C.S.); (D.T.); (S.R.)
- Associated Laboratory ITR, Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-22-507-4320
| | - Bruno Oliveira
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; (B.O.); (C.A.); (C.S.); (D.T.); (S.R.)
- Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support (LIAAD), Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science (INESC TEC), 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Afonso
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; (B.O.); (C.A.); (C.S.); (D.T.); (S.R.)
- Associated Laboratory ITR, Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Cristina Santos
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; (B.O.); (C.A.); (C.S.); (D.T.); (S.R.)
- Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Associate Laboratory RISE-Health Research Network, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Duarte Torres
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; (B.O.); (C.A.); (C.S.); (D.T.); (S.R.)
- Associated Laboratory ITR, Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Carla Lopes
- Associated Laboratory ITR, Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Renata Costa de Miranda
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-90, Brazil; (R.C.d.M.); (F.R.); (L.A.); (R.B.L.)
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba 38025-440, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Rauber
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-90, Brazil; (R.C.d.M.); (F.R.); (L.A.); (R.B.L.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-90, Brazil
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-90, Brazil
| | - Luiza Antoniazzi
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-90, Brazil; (R.C.d.M.); (F.R.); (L.A.); (R.B.L.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-90, Brazil
| | - Renata Bertazzi Levy
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-90, Brazil; (R.C.d.M.); (F.R.); (L.A.); (R.B.L.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-90, Brazil
| | - Sara Rodrigues
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; (B.O.); (C.A.); (C.S.); (D.T.); (S.R.)
- Associated Laboratory ITR, Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal;
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Buckland G, Taylor CM, Emmett PM, Johnson L, Northstone K. Prospective association between a Mediterranean-style dietary score in childhood and cardiometabolic risk in young adults from the ALSPAC birth cohort. Eur J Nutr 2021; 61:737-752. [PMID: 34532761 PMCID: PMC8854247 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02652-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the prospective association between a children's relative Mediterranean-style diet score (C-rMED) in childhood and a Cardiometabolic Risk (CMR) score in adolescence/young adulthood in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). METHODS A C-rMED was calculated at 7, 10 and 13 years from diet diary data. Anthropometric and biochemical data at 17 (N = 1940) and 24 years (N = 1961) were used to calculate CMR scores (sum of sex-specific log-transformed z-scores from triacylglycerol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, mean arterial blood pressure, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and fat mass index (FMI)). Adjusted logistic regression models examined associations between C-rMED (categorical and 2-unit increments) and a high CMR score (≥ 80th percentile) and individual CMR components (≥ 80th percentile). RESULTS A high C-rMED at 13 was associated with a 32% (OR 0.68 (95% CI: 0.49, 0.94)) decreased adjusted odds of having a high CMR score at 24 years, compared to participants with a low C-rMED. No associations were evident at other ages. Tracking of the C-rMED across the three ages showed a stronger negative association between C-rMED and CMR at 24 years when children had at least two high C-rMED scores from 7 to 13 years (adjusted OR: 0.49, 95% CI: 0.29, 0.85), compared to all low scores. FMI and HOMA-IR were the main CMR components contributing to this association. CONCLUSION Higher Mediterranean-style diet scores in early adolescence were associated with a better CMR profile in young adults (24 year olds). This underscores the importance of establishing healthy eating habits early in life for future cardiometabolic health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve Buckland
- Centre for Academic Child Health, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
| | - Caroline M Taylor
- Centre for Academic Child Health, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Pauline M Emmett
- Centre for Academic Child Health, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Laura Johnson
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School of Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Kate Northstone
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Identifying dietary patterns in Irish schoolchildren and their association with nutritional knowledge and markers of health before and after intervention. Br J Nutr 2021; 126:383-391. [PMID: 33054881 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520004043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to identify dietary patterns (DP) and examine differences in anthropometric measures, blood pressure (BP), cardiorespiratory fitness and nutritional knowledge of 6- and 10-year-old children at baseline and following a nutrition and physical activity intervention, with respect to DP and treatment group. This is a longitudinal study. Food diary, nutritional knowledge questionnaire and 550-m walk/run test measured dietary intake, nutritional knowledge and cardiorespiratory fitness, respectively. BP, weight, height and waist circumference were also measured and BMI and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were derived. All measurements were performed at baseline and following intervention. Two primary schools (one intervention, one control) in Cork, Ireland, were selected. Participants were 6- (n 39, age 5·9 (sd 0·6) years) and 10- (n 49, age 9·8 (sd 0·5) years)-year-olds. Two DP were identified, using k-means cluster analysis, for both 6- (unhealthy and nutrient-dense) and 10-year-olds (processed and Western diet) at baseline. DP derived post-intervention were (1) plant-based and (2) processed foods for 6-year-olds and (1) nutrient-dense and (2) unhealthy for 10-year-olds. There was no statistically significant difference in DP for 6- and 10-year-olds at baseline and post-intervention (P > 0·05). Following the intervention, a multivariate ANOVA showed there were no statistically significant differences in nutritional knowledge, BMI, WHtR, cardiorespiratory fitness and BP based on DP and intervention/control group for both age groups (P > 0·05). Three out of four dietary patterns identified for 6- and 10-year-olds were unfavourable. While no statistically significant evidence of intervention impact was found on DP, a positive trend was emerging among 10-year-olds.
Collapse
|
38
|
Sisay T. Physical Inactivity as a Pandemic: Daily Activities and Dietary Practices. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2021; 14:3287-3293. [PMID: 34408514 PMCID: PMC8364389 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s317440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have linked a decline in physical activity (PA) around the world to an increase in chronic diseases. There were two key goals for this study. The first was to observe how daily activities affected physical health in terms of VO2max. The second aim was to investigate the effect of university students' dietary practices on levels of PA. METHODS A repeated cross-sectional study was conducted on 75 subjects (41 males and 34 females) with an average age of 27.3 [SD 5.8] years. The respondents' physical activity in the previous seven days was classified as vigorous activity, moderate activity, walking, and sitting using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Anthropometric measurements such as height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) were reported at the baseline, during Lent (week 7 of the vegan diet), and seven weeks later (week 14). To determine Maximum Oxygen Consumption-the VO2max, the Queen's College Step Test [QCST] was used. RESULTS There was a major difference in mean VO2max between males and females, with males getting a higher VO2max. There was no connection between VO2max and changes in dietary adherence/transition. Based on physical activity study, there were no major variations between subjects (walking Metabolic Equivalent Task (MET) and moderate MET). However, a thorough Vigorous MET showed major gender gaps. The majority of the participants in the current study spent 35 (46.7%) of their time studying and 19 (28%) of their time attending class lectures, with some students using more time than others. CONCLUSION Researches that may conduct in university and/or college students may provide early information to help the students understand their physical fitness. According to the findings of this limited prospective study, students spend the majority of their time engaging in sitting for various purposes. In turn, regardless of whether they followed a vegan or omnivorous diet, these study participants had low VO2 max.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tariku Sisay
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Mizan Tepi University, Mizan, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
This is a cross-sectional analysis of data obtained in the baseline of the Longitudinal Study on the Lifestyle and Health of University Students (n 685) carried out in a public Brazilian university. Food intake was assessed using a 24-h dietary recall. Dietary patterns (DP) for breakfast, lunch and dinner were identified using principal component analysis. Generalised linear models were used to analyse the variables associated with each DP. Three DP were extracted for each meal: breakfast: 'White bread and butter/margarine', 'Coffee and tea' and 'Sausages, whole wheat bread and cheese'; lunch: 'Traditional', 'Western' and 'Vegetarian' and dinner: 'Beans, rice and processed juice', 'White bread and butter/margarine' and 'White meat, eggs and natural juice'. Students who had meals at the campus showed greater adherence to the 'White bread and butter/margarine' (exp (βadj) = 1·15, 95 % CI 1·11, 1·19) and 'Coffee and tea' (exp (βadj) = 1·06, 95 % CI 1·02, 1·10) breakfast patterns; 'Western' lunch pattern (exp (βadj) = 1·04, 95 % CI 1·01, 1·08) and to the 'Beans, rice and processed juice' dinner pattern (exp (βadj) = 1·10, 95 % CI 1·06, 1·14). Having meals at the campus was associated with lower adherence to the 'Sausages, whole wheat bread and cheese' breakfast pattern (exp (βadj) = 0·93, 95 % CI 0·89, 0·97), 'Traditional' lunch pattern (exp (βadj) = 0·96, 95 % CI 0·93, 0·99) and to the 'White bread and butter/margarine' (exp (βadj) = 0·96, 95 % CI 0·93, 0·99) and 'White meat, eggs and natural juice' (exp (βadj) = 0·96, 95 % CI 0·93, 0·99) dinner pattern. The food environment at campus may influence students' DP. Recognising meal eating patterns is important to support healthy eating promotion strategies on campus. Adjustments in the University Canteen menu could contribute to healthier eating choices among students.
Collapse
|
40
|
Dietary fiber and the microbiota: A narrative review by a group of experts from the Asociación Mexicana de Gastroenterología. REVISTA DE GASTROENTEROLOGÍA DE MÉXICO 2021; 86:287-304. [PMID: 34144942 DOI: 10.1016/j.rgmxen.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dietary fiber intake is one of the most influential and efficacious strategies for modulating the gut microbiota. Said fiber can be digested by the microbiota itself, producing numerous metabolites, which include the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). SCFAs have local and systemic functions that impact the composition and function of the gut microbiota, and consequently, human health. The aim of the present narrative review was to provide a document that serves as a frame of reference for a clear understanding of dietary fiber and its direct and indirect effects on health. The direct benefits of dietary fiber intake can be dependent on or independent of the gut microbiota. The use of dietary fiber by the gut microbiota involves several factors, including the fiber's physiochemical characteristics. Dietary fiber type influences the gut microbiota because not all bacterial species have the same capacity to produce the enzymes needed for its degradation. A low-fiber diet can affect the balance of the SCFAs produced. Dietary fiber indirectly benefits cardiometabolic health, digestive health, certain functional gastrointestinal disorders, and different diseases.
Collapse
|
41
|
Abreu Y Abreu AT, Milke-García MP, Argüello-Arévalo GA, Calderón-de la Barca AM, Carmona-Sánchez RI, Consuelo-Sánchez A, Coss-Adame E, García-Cedillo MF, Hernández-Rosiles V, Icaza-Chávez ME, Martínez-Medina JN, Morán-Ramos S, Ochoa-Ortiz E, Reyes-Apodaca M, Rivera-Flores RL, Zamarripa-Dorsey F, Zárate-Mondragón F, Vázquez-Frias R. Dietary fiber and the microbiota: A narrative review by a group of experts from the Asociación Mexicana de Gastroenterología. REVISTA DE GASTROENTEROLOGÍA DE MÉXICO 2021. [PMID: 34088566 DOI: 10.1016/j.rgmx.2021.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Dietary fiber intake is one of the most influential and efficacious strategies for modulating the gut microbiota. Said fiber can be digested by the microbiota itself, producing numerous metabolites, which include the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). SCFAs have local and systemic functions that impact the composition and function of the gut microbiota, and consequently, human health. The aim of the present narrative review was to provide a document that serves as a frame of reference for a clear understanding of dietary fiber and its direct and indirect effects on health. The direct benefits of dietary fiber intake can be dependent on or independent of the gut microbiota. The use of dietary fiber by the gut microbiota involves several factors, including the fiber's physiochemical characteristics. Dietary fiber type influences the gut microbiota because not all bacterial species have the same capacity to produce the enzymes needed for its degradation. A low-fiber diet can affect the balance of the SCFAs produced. Dietary fiber indirectly benefits cardiometabolic health, digestive health, certain functional gastrointestinal disorders, and different diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - M P Milke-García
- Dirección de Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - G A Argüello-Arévalo
- Departamento de Gastroenterología y Nutrición Pediátrica, Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México
| | - A M Calderón-de la Barca
- Departamento Nutrición y Metabolismo, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Hermosillo, Sonora, México
| | | | - A Consuelo-Sánchez
- Departamento de Gastroenterología y Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Salud Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ciudad de México, México
| | - E Coss-Adame
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - M F García-Cedillo
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - V Hernández-Rosiles
- Departamento de Gastroenterología y Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Salud Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - J N Martínez-Medina
- Unidad de Genómica de Poblaciones aplicada a la Salud, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México, México
| | - S Morán-Ramos
- Unidad de Genómica de Poblaciones aplicada a la Salud, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - M Reyes-Apodaca
- Departamento de Gastroenterología y Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Salud Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ciudad de México, México
| | - R L Rivera-Flores
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Gastro-Hepatología, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México
| | - F Zamarripa-Dorsey
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Hospital Juárez de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - F Zárate-Mondragón
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Ciudad de México, México
| | - R Vázquez-Frias
- Departamento de Gastroenterología y Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Salud Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ciudad de México, México.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Payandeh N, Shahinfar H, Amini MR, Jafari A, Safabakhsh M, Imani H, Shab-Bidar S. The Lack of Association between Plant-Based Dietary Pattern and Breast Cancer: a Hospital-Based Case-Control Study. Clin Nutr Res 2021; 10:115-126. [PMID: 33987138 PMCID: PMC8093083 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2021.10.2.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Our purpose was to assess the association between plant-based dietary patterns and breast cancer (BrCa) among Iranian women. This hospital-based case-control study included 150 newly diagnosed BrCa cases and 150 age-matched controls from the Cancer Research Center, Imam Khomeini hospital, Iran. Three indices of a plant-based diet were first calculated: plant-based diet index (PDI), the healthy PDI (hPDI), and the unhealthy PDI (uPDI). In the overall PDI, all plant foods scored positively. In hPDI and uPDI, healthy and less healthy plant foods scored positive, respectively. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) in the highest adherence of PDI was 1.00 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.55-1.83). In hPDI, 0.89 (95% CI, 0.49-1.62); in uPDI, 1.80 (95% CI, 0.95-3.42). The adjusted OR after subgroup analysis for body mass index (BMI) was as follow, BMI > 25: 0.77(95% CI, 0.37-1.61) comparing highest with the lowest tertile of PDI, 0.91(95% CI, 0.44-1.89) comparing highest with the lowest tertile of hPDI and this value for uPDI was 2.04 (95% CI, 0.91-4.56). BMI < 25: OR for top tertile of PDI was 1.82 (95% CI, 0.48-6.93), top tertile of hPDI was 1.47 (95% CI, 0.35-6.22) and top tertile of uPDI was 2.29 (95% CI, 0.54-9.70). Our results revealed no significant association between none of the PDIs and the chance of BrCa in Iranian women. Continued and expanded research, evaluated by different methods and BrCa is urgently needed to build the foundation for future progress in evidence-based public health efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nastaran Payandeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran 14167-53955, Iran
| | - Hossein Shahinfar
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14496-14535, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Amini
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Alireza Jafari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran 14167-53955, Iran
| | - Maryam Safabakhsh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran 14167-53955, Iran
| | - Hossein Imani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran 14167-53955, Iran
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran 14167-53955, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Liu M, Chen QT, Li ZC, Zhang J, Wang PG, He QQ. Association Between Diet Quality and Cardiometabolic Risk Factor Clustering Stratified by Socioeconomic Status Among Chinese Children. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021; 121:1975-1983.e2. [PMID: 33893062 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have evaluated the long-term relationship between diet quality and cardiometabolic risk factor clustering among children. The moderating effect of socio-economic status (SES) is of interest. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between diet quality with cardiometabolic risk among Chinese children and to explore the moderating effect of SES. DESIGN In this cohort study, 5 waves (1997-2009) of the China Health and Nutrition Survey were used. Diet quality was measured by a modified version of the Chinese Children Dietary Index (mCCDI) based on Dietary Guidelines for Chinese. PARTICIPANTS Children between the ages of 7 and 17 (n = 2903) who completed at least 2 surveys were included. Those who missed measures or had hypertension or diabetes at baseline were excluded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The fasting blood samples were collected in 2009. Waist circumference (WC) and blood pressure (BP) were measured in each survey. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS PERFORMED A continuous cardiometabolic risk score (MetScore) was derived by a confirmatory factor analysis of 5 components: WC, BP, glucose, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Considering the latency period of the effect of behaviors, the mCCDI was lagged by the period between surveys. Linear regression was used to analyze the association of mCCDI with MetScore and its components. Mixed effect linear regression and lagged mCCDI were used for WC and BP models. RESULTS Higher mCCDI was independently associated with a lower MetScore at follow-up (β: -.11; 95% CI: -.18 to -.04). Higher lagged mCCDI over time was associated with a lower WC z score overall (β: -.05; 95% CI: -.08 to -.01) and among children in the low SES group (β: -.09; 95% CI: -.14 to -.04) but not those in the high SES group. When examining the 15 mCDDI components separately, scores for 5 components: more grains, vegetables, soybeans and its products; less sugar-sweetened beverages; and more diet variety were significantly associated with a lower MetScore. CONCLUSIONS Among Chinese children, higher diet quality measured by mCCDI was independently associated with a lower MetScore at follow-up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingwei Liu
- Julius Global Health, The Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Qiu-Tong Chen
- College of Language Intelligence, Sichuan International Studies University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhuo-Chen Li
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Pei-Gang Wang
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Qi-Qiang He
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Choy MJY, Brownlee I, Murphy AM. Data-Driven Dietary Patterns, Nutrient Intake and Body Weight Status in a Cross-Section of Singaporean Children Aged 6-12 Years. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041335. [PMID: 33920618 PMCID: PMC8074157 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pattern analysis of children’s diet may provide insights into chronic disease risk in adolescence and adulthood. This study aimed to assess dietary patterns of young Singaporean children using cluster analysis. An existing dataset included 15,820 items consumed by 561 participants (aged 6–12 years) over 2 days of dietary recall. Thirty-seven food groups were defined and expressed as a percentage contribution of total energy. Dietary patterns were identified using k-means cluster analysis. Three clusters were identified, “Western”, “Convenience” and “Local/hawker”, none of which were defined by more prudent dietary choices. The “Convenience” cluster group had the lowest total energy intake (mean 85.8 ± SD 25.3% of Average Requirement for Energy) compared to the other groups (95.4 ± 25.9% for “Western” and 93.4 ± 25.3% for “Local/hawker”, p < 0.001) but also had the lowest calcium intake (66.3 ± 34.7% of Recommended Dietary Allowance), similar to intake in the “Local/hawker” group (69.5 ± 38.9%) but less than the “Western” group (82.8 ± 36.1%, p < 0.001). These findings highlight the need for longitudinal analysis of dietary habit in younger Singaporeans in order to better define public health messaging targeted at reducing risk of major noncommunicable disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Jie Ying Choy
- Devan Nair Building, Newcastle Research and Innovation Institute, Newcastle University, Singapore 600201, Singapore; (M.J.Y.C.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Iain Brownlee
- Devan Nair Building, Newcastle Research and Innovation Institute, Newcastle University, Singapore 600201, Singapore; (M.J.Y.C.); (A.M.M.)
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1 8ST, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-191-227-4187
| | - Aoife Marie Murphy
- Devan Nair Building, Newcastle Research and Innovation Institute, Newcastle University, Singapore 600201, Singapore; (M.J.Y.C.); (A.M.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Commercial foods for infants under the age of 36 months: an assessment of the availability and nutrient profile of ultra-processed foods. Public Health Nutr 2021; 24:3179-3186. [DOI: 10.1017/s1368980021001555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractObjective:Considering the negative impact of the consumption of ultra-processed foods on health, the current study assessed the availability and nutritional profile of commercial ultra-processed foods for infants in Natal, Brazil.Design:A cross-sectional exploratory study.Setting:Foods targeted at children under the age of 36 months sold in retail establishments located in high- and low-income areas of the one capital city of Brazil.Participants:1645 food products consisting of ninety-five different types of food were available. The foods were assessed according to the NOVA classification: minimally processed, processed and ultra-processed. The nutritional content per 100 g was assessed according to processing classification.Results:Half of foods founded were breast milk substitutes and cereal foods (31·6 and 26·3 %, respectively). The foods were predominantly ultra-processed (79 %) and only 4·2 % were minimally processed, with similar proportions of ultra-processed foods being found in both high- and low-income areas. After excluding breast milk substitutes and follow-up formulas, all cereals, food supplements and some of the fruit or vegetable purees were ultra-processed, higher in energy density, fat, carbohydrate and protein and low in fibre (P < 0·05).Conclusions:The findings reveal that ultra-processed foods for infants are widely available in Brazil, reaffirming the need to strengthen the regulation of foods for infants and young children by introducing complementary measures designed to promote the production and marketing of foods manufactured using lower levels of processing.
Collapse
|
46
|
Ritter JDA, Cureau FV, Ronca DB, Blume CA, Teló GH, Camey SA, de Carvalho KMB, Schaan BD. Association between diet quality index and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents: Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA). Nutrition 2021; 90:111216. [PMID: 33934056 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the association between diet quality, assessed by the Diet Quality Index for Adolescents adapted for Brazilians (DQIA-BR), and cardiometabolic markers in adolescents. METHODS The DQIA-BR and cardiometabolic markers were assessed in 36 956 Brazilian adolescents (12-17 y old) enrolled in the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), a national school-based cross-sectional multicenter study in Brazil. For analyses, the sample was stratified by sex and nutritional status. Multiple linear regressions were used to investigate the association between DQIA-BR and cardiometabolic markers (total cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c, triglycerides, fasting glucose and HOMA-IR). Adjusted models were constructed with two input levels of covariates. The first model was adjusted for sex, age, and socioeconomic status; in the second model, total energy intake, physical activity, and sedentary behavior were included. RESULTS A higher DQIA-BR score was associated with a better cardiometabolic profile in girls with normal weight; however, no association was observed in those with overweight/obesity. In boys with overweight/obesity, a better quality of diet was associated with lower concentrations of total cholesterol (β = -0.338, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.611 to -0.066) and LDL-c (β = -0.227, 95% CI: -0.448 to -0.005), but only LDL-c remained significant in those with normal weight (β = -0.115, 95% CI: -0.224 to 0.005). CONCLUSION The effects of diet quality on cardiometabolic risk factors differ according to sex and the presence of overweight/obesity. Overall, DQIA-BR is a suitable tool to evaluate the association between diet quality and cardiometabolic markers in normal-weight adolescents, but not for adolescents, especially girls, with overweight/obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julianna do Amaral Ritter
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Felipe Vogt Cureau
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Carina Andriatta Blume
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Heiden Teló
- School of Medicine and Postgraduate Program, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Suzi Alves Camey
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Department of Statistics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Beatriz D Schaan
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Suhett LG, Hermsdorff HHM, Ribeiro SAV, Filgueiras MDS, Shivappa N, Hébert JR, de Novaes JF. The dietary inflammatory index is associated with anti- and pro-inflammatory adipokines in Brazilian schoolchildren. Eur J Nutr 2021; 60:2841-2849. [PMID: 33575861 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02500-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the relationship of Children's Dietary Inflammatory Index (C-DII™) scores with body fat distribution and serum adipokines in Brazilian schoolchildren. METHODS This population-based cross-sectional study enrolled 378 schoolchildren aged 8 and 9 years from Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Food consumption was assessed using three 24-h dietary recalls from which C-DII scores were calculated. Serum adipokines [adiponectin, leptin, retinal-binding protein 4 (RBP4), and chemerin] were analyzed in blood samples. Sociodemographic characteristics and sedentary behavior were assessed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Total, truncal, android and gynoid body fat were evaluated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). We compared the distributions of adiposity measures and serum adipokines by C-DII categories with linear regression, adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS The mean sample C-DII was 0.59 ± 0.94 and ranged from - 2.16 to + 2.75. The C-DII was not associated with central and total body fat. However, the C-DII was modestly inversely associated with adiponectin and RBP4, and modestly directly associated with chemerin. These results remained significant after adjusting for body fat. Every 1 SD of C-DII was related, respectively, to a - 0.8 (- 1.5, - 0.03) and to a - 0.1 (- 0.2, - 0.05) units lower mean of adiponectin and RBP4, and to 7.2 (0.3, 14.1) units higher of chemerin. CONCLUSION Higher C-DII score was modestly inversely and directly associated with anti- and pro-inflammatory adipokines, respectively, in Brazilian children. The development of public health policies is needed to promote healthy eating habits during childhood to prevent the early onset of systemic inflammation and ill health effects later in life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lara Gomes Suhett
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Av. P.H. Rolfs s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-000, Brazil.
| | - H H M Hermsdorff
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Av. P.H. Rolfs s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-000, Brazil
| | - Sarah Aparecida Vieira Ribeiro
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Av. P.H. Rolfs s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-000, Brazil
| | - Mariana De Santis Filgueiras
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Av. P.H. Rolfs s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-000, Brazil
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.,Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program (CPCP), Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.,Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations (CHI), 1417 Gregg Street, Columbia, SC, 29201, USA
| | - James R Hébert
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.,Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program (CPCP), Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.,Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations (CHI), 1417 Gregg Street, Columbia, SC, 29201, USA
| | - Juliana Farias de Novaes
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Av. P.H. Rolfs s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-000, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Siqueira de Andrade MI, Oliveira JS, Leal VS, Cabral PC, de Lira PIC. Independent predictors of insulin resistance in Brazilian adolescents: Results of the study of cardiovascular risk in adolescents-Brazil. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246445. [PMID: 33561171 PMCID: PMC7872259 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering the current changes in dietary patterns and the increasing prevalence of excess weight throughout the world, several studies have reported insulin resistance, which is a key driver of many chronic diseases, to be an important public health problem in all age groups. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to identify the prevalence and independent predictors of insulin resistance in Brazilian adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a probabilistic, representative sample of Brazilian adolescents (n = 37,023) who participated in the Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents. Data were collected on demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle, anthropometric, and biochemical characteristics as well as antioxidant micronutrient intake (vitamins A, C, E, zinc, and selenium). Insulin resistance was determined using the Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and classified based on the 75th percentile of the sample distribution. Insulin resistance was detected in 27% of the adolescents and was more prevalent among those aged 12 to 14 years (PR: 1.26 [95%CI: 1.13;1.41]), those residing in the southern and south-eastern regions of the country (PR: 1.47 [95%CI: 1.27;1.70]), those who were physically inactive (PR: 1.12 [95%CI: 1.02;1.23]), and those did not consume alcohol (PR: 1.50 [95%CI: 1.13;1.99]). The prevalence of insulin resistance was 2.5-fold higher among individuals with severe obesity (PR: 2.49 [95%CI: 2.07;3.00]). Waist circumference indicative of cardiovascular risk and high serum triglyceride levels increased the likelihood of insulin resistance (PR: 1.37 [95%CI: 1.19;1.59] and 1.60 [95%CI: 1.45;1.78], respectively). The prevalence of the outcome was higher among adolescents in the lower quartiles of vitamin E intake (p<0.05). In the present study, the prevalence of insulin resistance was high among Brazilian adolescents and we identified sociodemographic, lifestyle, anthropometric, biochemical, and dietary predictors of this outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Juliana Souza Oliveira
- Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Núcleo de Nutrição, Centro Acadêmico de Vitória, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Sá Leal
- Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Núcleo de Nutrição, Centro Acadêmico de Vitória, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Poliana Coelho Cabral
- Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Bujtor M, Turner AI, Torres SJ, Esteban-Gonzalo L, Pariante CM, Borsini A. Associations of Dietary Intake on Biological Markers of Inflammation in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:356. [PMID: 33503979 PMCID: PMC7911843 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In children and adolescents, chronic low-grade inflammation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of co- and multi-morbid conditions to mental health disorders. Diet quality is a potential mechanism of action that can exacerbate or ameliorate low-grade inflammation; however, the exact way dietary intake can regulate the immune response in children and adolescents is still to be fully understood. METHODS Studies that measured dietary intake (patterns of diet, indices, food groups, nutrients) and any inflammatory biomarkers in children and adolescents aged 2 to19 years and published until November 2020 were included in this systematic review, and were selected in line with PRISMA guidelines through the following databases: Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, Global Health, Medline COMPLETE and Web of Science-Core Collection. A total of 53 articles were identified. RESULTS Results show that adequate adherence to healthful dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean diet, or food groups such as vegetables and fruit, or macro/micro nutrients such as fibre or vitamin C and E, are associated with decreased levels of pro-inflammatory biomarkers, mainly c-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), whereas adherence to a Western dietary pattern, as well as intake of food groups such as added sugars, macro-nutrients such as saturated fatty acids or ultra-processed foods, is associated with higher levels of the same pro-inflammatory biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS This is the first systematic review examining dietary intake and biological markers of inflammation in both children and adolescents. A good quality diet, high in vegetable and fruit intake, wholegrains, fibre and healthy fats ameliorates low-grade inflammation, and therefore represents a promising therapeutic approach, as well as an important element for disease prevention in both children and adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Bujtor
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC 3125, Australia; (M.B.); (A.I.T.); (S.J.T.)
| | - Anne I. Turner
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC 3125, Australia; (M.B.); (A.I.T.); (S.J.T.)
| | - Susan J. Torres
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC 3125, Australia; (M.B.); (A.I.T.); (S.J.T.)
| | - Laura Esteban-Gonzalo
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Carmine M. Pariante
- Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College, London SE5 9RT, UK;
| | - Alessandra Borsini
- Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College, London SE5 9RT, UK;
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Kafyra M, Kalafati IP, Kumar S, Kontoe MS, Masson C, Siest S, Dedoussis GV. Dietary Patterns, Blood Pressure and the Glycemic and Lipidemic Profile of Two Teenage, European Populations. Nutrients 2021; 13:198. [PMID: 33435217 PMCID: PMC7826952 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study sought to retrospectively investigate the dietary habits of two adolescent, European populations from the cross-sectional Greek TEENAGE Study and French STANISLAS Family Study. We aimed to explore the relation between the populations' dietary patterns and blood pressure, glycemic and lipidemic profile. Dietary patterns were extracted via Principal Component Analysis (PCA), based on data collected from two 24 h dietary recalls for the TEENAGE study and a 3-day food consumption diary for the STANISLAS study. Multiple linear regressions and mixed models analyses, adjusting for confounding factors, were employed to investigate potential associations. A total of 766 Greek teenagers and 287 French teenagers, were included in analyses. Five dietary patterns were extracted for each population accounting for 49.35% and 46.69% of their respective total variance, with similarities regarding the consumption of specific food groups (i.e., western-type foods). In the TEENAGE Study, the "chicken and sugars" pattern was associated with lower CRP levels, after adjusting for confounding factors (p-value < 0.01). The "high protein and animal fat" dietary pattern of the STANISLAS Family Study was related to higher BMI (p-value < 0.01) and higher triglycerides levels (p-value < 0.01). Our findings summarize the dietary habits of two teenage, European populations and their associations with cardiometabolic risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kafyra
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece or (M.K.); (I.P.K.)
- IGE-PCV, Université de Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France; (S.K.); (M.S.K.); (C.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Ioanna Panagiota Kalafati
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece or (M.K.); (I.P.K.)
| | - Satish Kumar
- IGE-PCV, Université de Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France; (S.K.); (M.S.K.); (C.M.); (S.S.)
| | | | - Christine Masson
- IGE-PCV, Université de Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France; (S.K.); (M.S.K.); (C.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Sophie Siest
- IGE-PCV, Université de Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France; (S.K.); (M.S.K.); (C.M.); (S.S.)
| | - George V. Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece or (M.K.); (I.P.K.)
- IGE-PCV, Université de Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France; (S.K.); (M.S.K.); (C.M.); (S.S.)
| |
Collapse
|