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Al-Saleh I, Elkhatib R, Alghamdi R, Alrushud N, Alnuwaysir H, Alnemer M, Aldhalaan H, Shoukri M. Assessment of maternal phthalate exposure in urine across three trimesters and at delivery (umbilical cord blood and placenta) and its influence on birth anthropometric measures. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 949:174910. [PMID: 39053554 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Phthalates, commonly used in plastic manufacturing, have been linked to adverse reproductive effects. Our research from the Saudi Early Autism and Environment Study (2019-2022), involving 672 participants, focused on the impacts of maternal phthalate exposure on birth anthropometric measures. We measured urinary phthalate metabolites in 390 maternal samples collected during each of the three trimesters of pregnancy and in cord serum and placental samples obtained at delivery. We employed various statistical methods to analyze our data. Intraclass correlation coefficients were used to assess the consistency of phthalate measurements, generalized estimating equations were used to explore temporal variations across the trimesters, and linear regression models, adjusted for significant confounders and Bonferroni correction, were used for each birth outcome. Exposure to six phthalates was consistently high across trimesters, with 82 %-100 % of samples containing significant levels of all metabolites, except for mono-benzyl phthalate. We found a 3.15 %-3.73 % reduction in birth weight (BWT), 1.39 %-1.69 % reduction in head circumference (HC), and 3.63 %-5.45 % reduction in placental weight (PWT) associated with a one-unit increase in certain urinary di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) metabolites during the first trimester. In the second trimester, exposure to MEP, ∑7PAE, and ∑LMW correlated with a 3.15 %-4.5 % increase in the APGAR 5-min score and increases in PWT by 8.98 % for ∑7PAE and 9.09 % for ∑LMW. Our study also highlighted the maternal-to-fetal transfer of DEHP metabolites, indicating diverse impacts on birth outcomes and potential effects on developmental processes. Our study further confirmed the transfer of DEHP metabolites from mothers to fetuses, evidenced by variable rates in the placenta and cord serum, with an inverse relationship suggesting a passive transfer mechanism. Additionally, we observed distinct phthalate profiles across these matrices, adversely impacting birth outcomes. In serum, we noticed increases associated with DEHP metabolites, with birth gestational age rising by 1.01 % to 1.11 %, HC by 2.84 % to 3.67 %, and APGAR 5-min scores by 3.77 % to 3.87 %. Conversely, placental analysis revealed a different impact: BWT decreased by 3.54 % to 4.69 %, HC reductions ranged from 2.57 % to 4.69 %, and chest circumference decreased by 7.13 %. However, the cephalization index increased by 3.67 %-5.87 %. These results highlight the complex effects of phthalates on fetal development, indicating their potential influence on crucial developmental processes like sexual maturation and brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Al-Saleh
- Environmental Health Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Rola Elkhatib
- Environmental Health Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Alghamdi
- Environmental Health Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nujud Alrushud
- Environmental Health Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hissah Alnuwaysir
- Environmental Health Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Alnemer
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham Aldhalaan
- Center for Autism Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Shoukri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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Yu Y, Jia Y, Liu Q, Zhao L, Lin H, Liu Z, Fang T, Jiang W, Cui H, Hou S, Guo L. Prenatal phthalate exposure and birth size: a systematic review and meta-analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:2813-2829. [PMID: 37979196 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2275645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates are common endocrine disruptors. The placental barrier can be crossed by phthalates and may have a negative impact on the health of the fetus. However, the association between prenatal exposure to phthalates and birth size is still debatable. Here, we performed this meta-analysis to assess the relationship between prenatal phthalates exposure and birth size. Eighteen studies were finally included by searching PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Ovid, and Web of Science databases and standardized regression coefficients and standard errors were used to pool effect size. Our results showed that prenatal exposure to MMP (=-0.04, 95%CI: -0.08, -0.01) and MEP (=-0.01, 95%CI: -0.01, -0.002) was significantly associated with birth weight. However, no significant associations were identified for phthalate exposure with birth length, head circumference and chest circumference. Because the limiting of studies, more high-quality case-control studies or cohort studies are urgently needed to draw the best conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Yu
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yaning Jia
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qisijing Liu
- Research Institute of Public Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute, Tianjin University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Huishu Lin
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute, Tianjin University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ziquan Liu
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute, Tianjin University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tao Fang
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute, Tianjin University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenbing Jiang
- Research Institute of Public Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Dingli Clinical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Huanhuan Cui
- Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute, Tianjin University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shike Hou
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Liqiong Guo
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute, Tianjin University, Wenzhou, China
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Zhu Q, Zhu S, Li Q, Hu C, Pan C, Li H, Zhu Y, Li X, Tang Y, Ge RS. Prenatal diethylhexylphthalate exposure disturbs adult Leydig cell function via epigenetic downregulation of METTL4 expression in male rats. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 277:116391. [PMID: 38678792 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) has been linked with a decline in testosterone levels in adult male rats, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We investigated the potential epigenetic regulation, particularly focusing on N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification, as a possible mechanism. Dams were gavaged with DEHP (0, 10, 100, and 750 mg/kg/day) from gestational day 14 to day 21. The male offspring were examined at the age of 56 days. Prenatal DEHP administration at 750 mg/kg/day caused a decline in testosterone concentrations, an elevation in follicle-stimulating hormone, a downregulated expression of CYP11A1 HSD3B2, without affecting Leydig cell numbers. Interestingly, Methyltransferase Like 4 (METTL4), an m6A methyltransferase, was downregulated, while there were no changes in METTL3 and METTL14. Moreover, CYP11A1 showed m6A reduction in response to prenatal DEHP exposure. Additionally, METTL4 expression increased postnatally, peaking in adulthood. Knockdown of METTL4 resulted in the downregulation of CYP11A1 and HSD3B2 and an increase in SCARB1 expression. Furthermore, the increase in autophagy protection in adult Leydig cells induced by prenatal DEHP exposure was not affected by 3-methyladenosine (3MA) treatment, indicating a potential protective role of autophagy in response to DEHP exposure. In conclusion, prenatal DEHP exposure reduces testosterone by downregulating CYP11A1 and HSD3B2 via m6A epigenetic regulation and induction of autophagy protection in adult Leydig cells as a response to DEHP exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Ministry of Education, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Male Reproductive Medicine of Wenzhou, and Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325000, China
| | - Shanshan Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Ministry of Education, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Department of Scientific Research, School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and The Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Qiyao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Ministry of Education, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Chunnan Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Ministry of Education, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Chengshuang Pan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wenzhou Medicial University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Huitao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Ministry of Education, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Male Reproductive Medicine of Wenzhou, and Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325000, China
| | - Yang Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Ministry of Education, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Male Reproductive Medicine of Wenzhou, and Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325000, China
| | - Xiaoheng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Ministry of Education, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Male Reproductive Medicine of Wenzhou, and Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325000, China
| | - Yunbing Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wenzhou Medicial University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
| | - Ren-Shan Ge
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Ministry of Education, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wenzhou Medicial University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Male Reproductive Medicine of Wenzhou, and Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325000, China.
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Pontifex T, Yang X, Tracy A, Burns K, Craig Z, Zhou C. Prenatal Exposure to Environmentally Relevant Low Dosage Dibutyl Phthalate Reduces Placental Efficiency in CD-1 Mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.26.582170. [PMID: 38464211 PMCID: PMC10925143 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.26.582170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), a phthalate congener, is widely utilized in consumer products and medication coatings. Women of reproductive age have a significant burden of DBP exposure through consumer products, occupational exposure, and medication. Prenatal DBP exposure is associated with adverse pregnancy/fetal outcomes and cardiovascular diseases in the offspring. However, the role of fetal sex and the general mechanisms underlying DBP exposure-associated adverse pregnancy outcomes are unclear. We hypothesize that prenatal DBP exposure at an environmentally relevant low dosage adversely affects fetal-placental development and function during pregnancy in a fetal sex-specific manner. Methods Adult female CD-1 mice (8-10wks) were orally treated with vehicle (control) or with environmentally relevant low DBP dosages at 0.1 μg/kg/day (refer as DBP0.1) daily from 30 days before pregnancy through gestational day (GD) 18.5. Dam body mass composition was measured non-invasively using the echo-magnetic resonance imaging system. Lipid disposition in fetal labyrinth and maternal decidual area of placentas was examined using Oil Red O staining. Results DBP0.1 exposure did not significantly affect the body weight and adiposity of non-pregnant adult female mice nor the maternal weight gain pattern and adiposity during pregnancy in adult female mice. DBP0.1 exposure does not affect fetal weight but significantly increased the placental weight at GD18.5 (indicative of decreased placental efficiency) in a fetal sex-specific manner. We further observed that DBP0.1 significantly decreased lipid disposition in fetal labyrinth of female, but not male placentas, while it did not affect lipid disposition in maternal decidual. Conclusions Prenatal exposure to environmentally relevant low-dosage DBP adversely impacts the fetal-placental efficiency and lipid disposition in a fetal sex-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasha Pontifex
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Xinran Yang
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Ayna Tracy
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Kimberlie Burns
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Zelieann Craig
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Chi Zhou
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
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Cai FS, Tang B, Zheng J, Yan X, Ding XF, Liao QL, Luo XJ, Ren MZ, Yu YJ, Mai BX. First Insight into Fetal Exposure to Legacy and Emerging Plasticizers Revealed by Infant Hair and Meconium: Occurrence, Biotransformation, and Accumulation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:5739-5749. [PMID: 38456395 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c11032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have demonstrated the embryonic and developmental toxicity of plasticizers. Thus, understanding the in utero biotransformation and accumulation of plasticizers is essential to assessing their fate and potential toxicity in early life. In the present study, 311 infant hair samples and 271 paired meconium samples were collected at birth in Guangzhou, China, to characterize fetal exposure to legacy and emerging plasticizers and their metabolites. Results showed that most of the target plasticizers were detected in infant hair, with medians of 9.30, 27.6, and 0.145 ng/g for phthalate esters (PAEs), organic phosphate ester (OPEs), and alternative plasticizers (APs), and 1.44, 0.313, and 0.066 ng/g for the metabolites of PAEs, OPEs, and APs, respectively. Positive correlations between plasticizers and their corresponding primary metabolites, as well as correlations among the oxidative metabolites of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and 1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester (DINCH), were observed, indicating that infant hair retained the major phase-I metabolism of the target plasticizers. While no positive correlations were found in parent compounds or their primary metabolites between paired infant hair and meconium, significant positive correlations were observed among secondary oxidative metabolites of DEHP and DINCH in hair and meconium, suggesting that the primary metabolites in meconium come from hydrolysis of plasticizers in the fetus but most of the oxidative metabolites come from maternal-fetal transmission. The parent compound/metabolite ratios in infant hair showed a decreasing trend across pregnancy, suggesting in utero accumulation and deposition of plasticizers. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to report in utero exposure to both parent compounds and metabolites of plasticizers by using paired infant hair and meconium as noninvasive biomonitoring matrices and provides novel insights into the fetal biotransformation and accumulation of plasticizers across pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Shan Cai
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, Research Center of Emerging Contaminants, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510655, P. R. China
| | - Bin Tang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, Research Center of Emerging Contaminants, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510655, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zheng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, Research Center of Emerging Contaminants, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510655, P. R. China
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Monitoring of Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550000, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Yan
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, Research Center of Emerging Contaminants, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510655, P. R. China
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Monitoring of Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550000, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Fan Ding
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Building E12, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, P. R. China
| | - Qi-Long Liao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, Research Center of Emerging Contaminants, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510655, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Zhong Ren
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, Research Center of Emerging Contaminants, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510655, P. R. China
| | - Yun-Jiang Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, Research Center of Emerging Contaminants, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510655, P. R. China
| | - Bi-Xian Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
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Pang L, Chen D, Wei H, Lan L, Li J, Xu Q, Li H, Lu C, Tang Q, Hu W, Wu W. Effect of prenatal exposure to phthalates on birth weight of offspring: A meta-analysis. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 124:108532. [PMID: 38181866 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to phthalates is common. However, its effect on birth weight has always been met with conflicting conclusions. To explore the effects of prenatal phthalate exposure on neonatal weight, we searched PubMed, Web of Science (WOS), Cochrane Library, and Embase databases for articles published up to October 24, 2023. Observational studies with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were included. Our findings indicate no significant association between either mixed exposure effects or single phthalate metabolites and offspring birth weight when monitoring maternal urine phthalate metabolites. When stratified by sex, ΣHMWPs and MMP significantly reduced the birth weight of female offspring (ΣHMWPs: Pooled β = -62.08, 95%CI: -123.11 to -1.05, P = 0.046; MMP: Pooled β = -10.77, 95%CI: -18.74 to -2.80, P = 0.008). The results of subgroup analysis showed that ΣPAEs and ΣDEHP significantly decreased birth weight in the specific gravity correction group (ΣPAEs: Pooled estimates = -29.31, 95%CI: -58.52 to -0.10, P = 0.049; ΣDEHP: Pooled estimates = -18.25, 95%CI: -33.03 to -3.47, P = 0.016), and MECPP showed a positive correlation in the creatinine correction group (MECPP: Pooled estimates = 18.45, 95%CI: 0.13 to 36.77, P = 0.048). MEP and MBzP were negatively associated with birth weight in the no adjustment for gestational age group (MEP: Pooled estimates = -7.70, 95%CI: -14.19 to -1.21, P = 0.020; MBzP: Pooled estimates = -9.55, 95%CI: -16.08 to -3.03, P = 0.004). To make the results more convincing, more high-quality studies with large samples are urgently required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liya Pang
- The affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Danrong Chen
- The affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongcheng Wei
- The affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Linchen Lan
- The affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinhui Li
- Department of Urology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Qiaoqiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huijun Li
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan, China
| | - Chuncheng Lu
- The affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiuqin Tang
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China.
| | - Weiyue Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Wei Wu
- The affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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7
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Hasan S, Miah MA, Mustari A, Sujan KM, Bhuiyan MER, Rafiq K. Exposure to environmentally relevant phthalate mixture during pregnancy alters the physical and hemato-biochemical parameters in Black Bengal goats. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25852. [PMID: 38375287 PMCID: PMC10875431 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Several environmental pollutants, mostly chemicals and plasticizers, have an effect on the reproduction of small ruminants, causing abortion, delayed estrus, and decreased fertility. Phthalates are common in our environment and have been identified as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). The research work investigated the impact of dietary exposure to a phthalate mixture on physical and hemato-biochemical parameters in pregnant Black Bengal (BB) goats. A total of 20 clinically healthy, 1-2 months pregnant, aged 6-8 months with a body weight of 10-12 kg BB goats were collected and divided into two (n = 10) groups. The treatment group received a standard goat ration with a combination of different phthalates mixture while the control group was provided the same ration with the vehicle of aphthalatemixture until parturition. The physical parameters were measured with appropriate tools and blood samples were collected for hemato-biochemical tests. The results showed that the physiological parameters (body condition score, respiration rate and heart rate) were significantly (P < 0.05) reduced in phthalate-exposed goats without altering rectal temperature and rumen motility. The hematological parameters: RBC count, WBC count, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit values and RBC indices were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in phthalate-exposed goats. Phthalate-exposed BB goats had significantly (P < 0.05) higher neutrophil and lower lymphocyte counts. Serum glucose, total protein, albumin and total cholesterol levels were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in phthalate-exposed BB goats but higher the values of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels in treated BB goats. It may be concluded that exposure to a phthalate mixture during pregnancy alters the physical, hematological and biochemical parameters in BB goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajibul Hasan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensing, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Alam Miah
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensing, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Afrina Mustari
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensing, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Khaled Mahmud Sujan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensing, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Eliusur Rahman Bhuiyan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensing, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Kazi Rafiq
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensing, 2202, Bangladesh
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Liu B, Lu X, Jiang A, Lv Y, Zhang H, Xu B. Influence of maternal endocrine disrupting chemicals exposure on adverse pregnancy outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 270:115851. [PMID: 38157800 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Maternal endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) exposure, the common environmental pollutants, was capable of involving in adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, the evidence of their connection is not consistent. Our goal was to comprehensively explore the risk of EDCs related to adverse pregnancy outcomes. One hundred and one studies were included from two databases before 2023 to explore the association between EDCs and adverse pregnancy outcomes including miscarriage, small for gestational age (SGA), low birth weight (LBW) and preterm birth (PTB). We found that maternal PFASs exposure was positively correlated with PTB (OR:1.13, 95% CI:1.04-1.23), SGA (OR:1.10, 95% CI:1.04-1.16) and miscarriage (OR:1.09, 95% CI:1.00-1.19). The pooled estimates also showed maternal PAEs exposure was linked with PTB (OR:1.16, 95% CI:1.11-1.21), SGA (OR:1.20, 95% CI:1.07-1.35) and miscarriage (OR:1.55, 95% CI:1.33-1.81). In addition, maternal exposure to some specific class of EDCs including PFOS, MBP, MEHP, DEHP, and BPA was associated with PTB. Maternal exposure to PFOS, PFOA, PFHpA was associated with SGA. Maternal exposure to BPA was associated with LBW. Maternal exposure to MMP, MEHP, MEHHP, MEOHP, BPA was associated with miscarriage. Maternal PFASs, PAEs and BPA exposure may increase adverse pregnancy outcomes risk according to our study. However, the limited number of studies on dose-response hampered further explanation for causal association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Department of Medical Aspects of Specific Environments, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoling Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Department of Medical Aspects of Specific Environments, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Antong Jiang
- Department of Medical Aspects of Specific Environments, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yanming Lv
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Department of Medical Aspects of Specific Environments, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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9
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Tilves C, Zhao HJ, Differding MK, Zhang M, Liu T, Hoyo C, Østbye T, Benjamin-Neelon SE, Mueller NT. Associations of Plastic Bottle Exposure with Infant Growth, Fecal Microbiota, and Short-Chain Fatty Acids. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2924. [PMID: 38138068 PMCID: PMC10745781 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Murine models show that plastics, via their chemical constituents (e.g., phthalates), influence microbiota, metabolism, and growth. However, research on plastics in humans is lacking. Here, we examine how the frequency of plastic bottle exposure is associated with fecal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and anthropometry in the first year of life. SUBJECTS/METHODS In 442 infants from the prospective Nurture birth cohort, we examined the association of frequency of plastic bottle feeding at 3 months with anthropometric outcomes (skinfolds, length-for-age, and weight-for-length) at 12 months of age and growth trajectories between 3 and 12 months. Furthermore, in a subset of infants (n = 70) that contributed fecal samples at 3 months and 12 months of age, we examined plastic bottle frequency in relation to fecal microbiota composition and diversity (measured by 16S rRNA gene sequencing of V4 region), and fecal SCFA concentrations (quantified using gas chromatography mass spectrometry). RESULTS At 3 months, 67.6% of infants were plastic bottle fed at every feeding, 15.4% were exclusively breast milk fed, and 48.9% were exclusively formula fed. After adjustment for potential confounders, infants who were plastic bottle fed less than every feeding compared to those who were plastic bottle fed at every feeding at 3 months did not show differences in anthropometry over the first 12 months of life, save for lower length-for-age z-score at 12 months (adjusted β = -0.45, 95% CI: -0.76, -0.13). Infants who were plastic bottle fed less than every feeding versus every feeding had lower fecal microbiota alpha diversity at 3 months (mean difference for Shannon index: -0.59, 95% CI: -0.99, -0.20) and lower isovaleric acid concentration at 3 months (mean difference: -2.12 μmol/g, 95% CI: -3.64, -0.60), but these results were attenuated following adjustment for infant diet. Plastic bottle frequency was not strongly associated with microbiota diversity or SCFAs at 12 months after multivariable adjustment. Frequency of plastic bottle use was associated with differential abundance of some bacterial taxa, however, significance was not consistent between statistical approaches. CONCLUSIONS Plastic bottle frequency at 3 months was not strongly associated with measures of adiposity or growth (save for length-for-age) over the first year of life, and while plastic bottle use was associated with some features of fecal microbiota and SCFAs in the first year, these findings were attenuated in multivariable models with infant diet. Future research is needed to assess health effects of exposure to other plastic-based products and objective measures of microplastics and plastic constituents like phthalates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Curtis Tilves
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (C.T.); (H.J.Z.); (M.K.D.); (M.Z.); (T.L.)
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Heather Jianbo Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (C.T.); (H.J.Z.); (M.K.D.); (M.Z.); (T.L.)
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - Moira K. Differding
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (C.T.); (H.J.Z.); (M.K.D.); (M.Z.); (T.L.)
| | - Mingyu Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (C.T.); (H.J.Z.); (M.K.D.); (M.Z.); (T.L.)
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Tiange Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (C.T.); (H.J.Z.); (M.K.D.); (M.Z.); (T.L.)
| | - Cathrine Hoyo
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA;
| | - Truls Østbye
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA;
| | - Sara E. Benjamin-Neelon
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA;
| | - Noel T. Mueller
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (C.T.); (H.J.Z.); (M.K.D.); (M.Z.); (T.L.)
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Pediatrics Section of Nutrition, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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10
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Shukla R, Arshee MR, Laws MJ, Flaws JA, Bagchi MK, Wagoner Johnson AJ, Bagchi IC. Chronic exposure of mice to phthalates enhances TGF beta signaling and promotes uterine fibrosis. Reprod Toxicol 2023; 122:108491. [PMID: 37863342 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates are synthetic chemicals widely used as plasticizers and stabilizers in various consumer products. Because of the extensive production and use of phthalates, humans are exposed to these chemicals daily. While most studies focus on a single phthalate, humans are exposed to a mixture of phthalates on a regular basis. The impact of continuous exposure to phthalate mixture on uterus is largely unknown. Thus, we conducted studies in which adult female mice were exposed for 6 months to 0.15 ppm and 1.5 ppm of a mixture of phthalates via chow ad libitum. Our studies revealed that consumption of phthalate mixture at 0.15 ppm and 1.5 ppm for 6 months led to a significant increase in the thickness of the myometrial layer compared to control. Further investigation employing RNA-sequencing revealed an elevated transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling in the uteri of mice fed with phthalate mixture. TGF-β signaling is associated with the development of fibrosis, a consequence of excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix components, such as collagen fibers in a tissue. Consistent with this observation, we found a higher incidence of collagen deposition in uteri of mice exposed to phthalate mixture compared to unexposed controls. Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) imaging showed disorganized collagen fibers and nanoindentation indicated a local increase in uterine stiffness upon exposure to phthalate mixture. Collectively, our results demonstrate that chronic exposure to phthalate mixture can have adverse effects on uterine homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritwik Shukla
- Departments of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Mahmuda R Arshee
- Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Mary J Laws
- Departments of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- Departments of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Carle R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Milan K Bagchi
- Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Carle R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Amy J Wagoner Johnson
- Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Carle R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Indrani C Bagchi
- Departments of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Carle R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
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11
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Evans NP, Bellingham M, Elcombe CS, Ghasemzadeh-Hasankolaei M, Lea RG, Sinclair KD, Padmanabhan V. Sexually dimorphic impact of preconceptional and gestational exposure to a real-life environmental chemical mixture (biosolids) on offspring growth dynamics and puberty in sheep. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 102:104257. [PMID: 37659607 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Humans are ubiquitously exposed to complex mixtures of environmental chemicals (ECs). This study characterised changes in post-natal and peripubertal growth, and the activation of the reproductive axis, in male and female offspring of sheep exposed to a translationally relevant EC mixture (in biosolids), during pregnancy. Birthweight in both sexes was unaffected by gestational biosolids exposure. In contrast to females (unaffected), bodyweight in biosolids males was significantly lower than controls across the peripubertal period, however, they exhibited catch-up growth eventually surpassing controls. Despite weighing less, testosterone concentrations were elevated earlier, indicative of early puberty in the biosolids males. This contrasted with females in which the mean date of puberty (first progesterone cycle) was delayed. These results demonstrate that developmental EC-mixture exposure has sexually dimorphic effects on growth, puberty and the relationship between body size and puberty. Such programmed metabolic/reproductive effects could have significant impacts on human health and wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil P Evans
- School of Biodiversity One Health and Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK.
| | - Michelle Bellingham
- School of Biodiversity One Health and Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Christopher S Elcombe
- School of Biodiversity One Health and Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Mohammad Ghasemzadeh-Hasankolaei
- School of Biodiversity One Health and Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Richard G Lea
- University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, UK
| | - Kevin D Sinclair
- University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, UK
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12
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Chenge S, Ngure H, Kanoi BN, Sferruzzi-Perri AN, Kobia FM. Infectious and environmental placental insults: from underlying biological pathways to diagnostics and treatments. Pathog Dis 2023; 81:ftad024. [PMID: 37727973 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftad024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Because the placenta is bathed in maternal blood, it is exposed to infectious agents and chemicals that may be present in the mother's circulation. Such exposures, which do not necessarily equate with transmission to the fetus, may primarily cause placental injury, thereby impairing placental function. Recent research has improved our understanding of the mechanisms by which some infectious agents are transmitted to the fetus, as well as the mechanisms underlying their impact on fetal outcomes. However, less is known about the impact of placental infection on placental structure and function, or the mechanisms underlying infection-driven placental pathogenesis. Moreover, recent studies indicate that noninfectious environmental agents accumulate in the placenta, but their impacts on placental function and fetal outcomes are unknown. Critically, diagnosing placental insults during pregnancy is very difficult and currently, this is possible only through postpartum placental examination. Here, with emphasis on humans, we discuss what is known about the impact of infectious and chemical agents on placental physiology and function, particularly in the absence of maternal-fetal transmission, and highlight knowledge gaps with potential implications for diagnosis and intervention against placental pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Chenge
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Laboratory Sciences, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Juja, off Thika road, P. O. Box 62000-00200 Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Harrison Ngure
- Directorate of Research and Innovation, Mount Kenya University, General Kago road, P.O. Box 342-01000, Thika, Kenya
| | - Bernard N Kanoi
- Directorate of Research and Innovation, Mount Kenya University, General Kago road, P.O. Box 342-01000, Thika, Kenya
- Centre for Malaria Elimination, Mount Kenya University, General Kago road, P.O. Box 342-01000, Thika, Kenya
| | - Amanda N Sferruzzi-Perri
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EG, United Kingdom
| | - Francis M Kobia
- Directorate of Research and Innovation, Mount Kenya University, General Kago road, P.O. Box 342-01000, Thika, Kenya
- Centre for Malaria Elimination, Mount Kenya University, General Kago road, P.O. Box 342-01000, Thika, Kenya
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13
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Zhao HJ, Tilves C, Differding M, Zhang M, Liu T, Benjamin-Neelon S, Hoyo C, Ostbye T, Mueller N. Associations of Plastic Bottle Exposure with Infant Fecal Microbiota, Short-Chain Fatty Acids, and Growth. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2454597. [PMID: 36712078 PMCID: PMC9882695 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2454597/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Plastic exposures have been shown to impact the microbiome, metabolism and growth of animals. However, no human studies have examined how plastic exposures are associated with fecal microbiota, microbial metabolites, or growth. Here we examine the association of plastic bottle feeding with infant fecal microbiota, microbial short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) metabolites, and anthropometry in the first year of life. Methods 462 infants from the prospective Nurture Birth Cohort were included to examine frequency of plastic bottle feeding (every feeding vs. less than every feeding) at 3 months with anthropometric outcomes (skinfolds, length-for-age, and weight-for-length) at 1 year. A subset of 64 and 67 infants were included in analyses examining the fecal microbiota and fecal SCFAs, respectively. Microbial taxa were measured by 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the V4 region and SCFA concentrations were quantified using gas chromatography at 3 and 12 months of age. Results After adjustment for potential confounders, less frequent plastic bottle use was associated with lower fecal microbiota alpha Shannon diversity at 3 months (mean difference for plastic bottle used less than every feeding vs. every feeding = -0.53, 95% CI: -0.90, -0.17, p < 0.01) and lower propionic acid concentration at 3 months (mean log + 1 difference for plastic bottle used every feeding vs. less than every feeding = -0.53, 95% CI: -1.00, -0.06, p = 0.03). Furthermore, compared to infants who used plastic bottle at every feeding, infants who were plastic bottle-fed less frequently (1 -3 times/day) at 3 months had significantly lower length-for-age z-scores at 12 months (mean difference= -0.40, 95% CI: -0.72, -0.07, p = 0.016). Conclusion Plastic bottle exposure may impact early infant gut microbiota and microbial SCFAs, which may in turn affect growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Curtis Tilves
- Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health
| | | | | | - Tiange Liu
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
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14
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Lee CW, Cathey AL, Watkins DJ, Rosario-Pabón ZY, Vélez-Vega CM, Alshawabkeh AN, Cordero JF, Meeker JD. Associations of urinary phthalate metabolites and inflammatory biomarkers among pregnant women in Puerto Rico. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 854:158773. [PMID: 36113809 PMCID: PMC10323976 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates are ubiquitous environmental exposures that may be implicated in inflammatory processes, as demonstrated by previous in vivo and in vitro studies. Few human studies have substantiated these observations. This study sought to examine whether maternal phthalate exposures impact inflammatory processes, as measured by circulating inflammatory biomarkers, in the PROTECT cohort in northern Puerto Rico. Inflammatory biomarkers included matrix metalloproteinases 1, 2, and 9 (MMPs), C-reactive protein (CRP), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM), and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM). Biomarkers were measured in maternal serum samples collected during pregnancy. 19 phthalate metabolites were assessed in urinary samples collected at three study visits across pregnancy. Phthalates with <50 % of measurements above the limit of detection were excluded from analysis. We utilized linear mixed effect models to estimate associations between interquartile range increases in phthalate metabolite concentrations and percent changes in inflammatory biomarkers. Our results revealed significant associations between mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBP) and higher MMP1 by 7.86 % (95 % CI: 0.49, 15.76) and between mono oxononyl phthalate (MONP) and higher MMP2 by 8.30 % (95 % CI: 2.22, 14.75). We observed negative or null associations between phthalate metabolites and MMP2, MMP9, ICAM, VCAM, and CRP. Many results were significantly modified by fetal sex, particularly those between di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) metabolites and MMP1 (p-interaction: MEHHP = 0.01, MEOHP = 0.04, MECPP = 0.01) and MMP2 (p-interaction: MEHHP = 0.03, MEOHP = 0.01, MECPP = 0.01), for which associations were positive among only women carrying female fetuses. MMPs have been previously associated with preeclampsia and hypertensive pregnancy disorders as mediators of artery remodeling. Hence, our findings suggest a potential role for phthalates in mediating the maternal inflammatory response, as well as significant sexual dimorphism in these relationships, which has implications for several adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine W Lee
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health,Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Amber L Cathey
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health,Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Deborah J Watkins
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health,Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Carmen M Vélez-Vega
- Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, USA
| | | | - José F Cordero
- College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - John D Meeker
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health,Ann Arbor, MI, USA..
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15
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Qian B, Zheng ZX, Yang L, Wang CQ, Lin YC, Lin ZN. Prenatal exposure to phthalates and polybrominated diphenyl ethers on neonatal health: A birth cohort study in Guangxi, China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114571. [PMID: 36243047 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Few epidemiological studies have focused on prenatal phthalates (PAEs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) exposure to neonatal health in China. This study aimed to assess the associations between prenatal PAEs and PBDEs exposure and neonatal health in Guangxi, a Zhuang autonomous region of China. Concentrations of 4 PAEs metabolites (mPAEs) and 5 PBDEs congeners were measured in the serum of 267 healthy pregnant women. Birth outcomes and clinical data of neonates were collected after delivery. Mono-(2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) (81.52%) and BDE47 (35.21%) were the mPAEs and PBDEs congeners with the highest detection rate in serum. Prenatal exposures to mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBP), MEHP, and ΣmPAEs were negatively associated with birth weight (BW), birth length (BL), and gestational age (GA). Higher exposures to MBP, MEHP, and ΣmPAEs were associated with an increased odds ratio (OR) for low birth weight (LBW), but exposure to BDE28 exhibited the opposite effect. Moreover, higher exposures to MBP, MEHP, ΣmPAEs, BDE99, and ΣPBDEswere associated with an increased OR for premature birth (PTB) (P < 0.05). In contrast to MBP exposure, BDE28 exposure was associated with a higher OR for neonatal jaundice (NNJ) (P < 0.05). The interaction analysis showed a positive interaction between monoethyl phthalate (MEP) and BDE28 on the risk of NNJ and positive interaction between ΣmPAEs and BDE47 on the risk of NNJ. In addition, there are ethnicity-specific associations of prenatal PBDEs exposure with neonatal health in individuals of Zhuang and Han nationalities, and boy neonates were more sensitive to prenatal PBDEs exposure than girl neonates. The results revealed that prenatal exposure to mPAEs and PBDEs might have adverse effects on neonatal development, and the effects might be ethnicity- and sex-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China
| | - Zhao-Xuan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Lei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Cheng-Qiang Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.
| | - Zhong-Ning Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.
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16
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Arcanjo RB, Vieira MC, Sivaguru M, Nowak RA. Impact of mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) on the development of mouse embryo in vitro. Reprod Toxicol 2023; 115:111-123. [PMID: 36535558 PMCID: PMC10195034 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2022.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) is the most studied metabolite of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a phthalate found in cosmetics, flooring, paints, and plastics products, including toys and medical tubing. Humans are frequently exposed to this compound due to its ubiquitous presence in our environment. DEHP and MEHP are known to be endocrine-disrupting chemicals and exposure levels have been associated to decreased reproductive success. However, few studies have focused on the direct effects of MEHP on embryos. The present study investigated effects of MEHP (0.1, 1, 10, 100 and 1000 µM) on mice preimplantation embryonic development, evaluating percentage of blastocyst formation, hatching from zona pellucida, methylation-related genes, cell lineage commitment, micronucleation, and adherens junction marker at different stages of development during in vitro culture for 6 days. We show MEHP negatively impacts embryo competence by reducing blastocyst formation and hatching at 100 and 1000 µM. In addition, 100 µM MEHP increases the expression of Tet3 gene in blastocysts, which is related to a reduction of DNA methylation, an important mechanism regulating gene expression. Exposed embryos that completed the hatching process in groups 0.1, 1 and 10 µM MEHP had similar number of inner cell mass and trophectoderm cells compared to the control, while micronucleation occurrence and E-cadherin expression was not affected in exposed morulae by MEHP at 10 or 100 µM. Our results showed that high concentrations of MEHP can negatively impact embryo development. New studies unveiling the mechanism of toxicity involved and encompassing further developmental stages are warranted for further understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Braz Arcanjo
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1207 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, United States.
| | - Marcos Costa Vieira
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, 1107 East 57th street, Chicago, IL 60637, United States.
| | - Mayandi Sivaguru
- Cytometry and Microscopy to Omics Facility, 231 Edward R. Madigan Laboratory, Roy. J. Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1201 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, United States.
| | - Romana A Nowak
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1207 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, United States.
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Cai FS, Tang B, Zheng J, Yan X, Luo WK, He M, Luo XJ, Ren MZ, Yu YJ, Mai BX. Fetal exposure to organic contaminants revealed by infant hair: A preliminary study in south China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 316:120536. [PMID: 36367513 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Fetal exposure to multiple organic contaminants (OCs) is a public concern because of the adverse effects of OCs on early life development. Infant hair has the potential to be used as an alternative matrix to identify susceptible fetuses, owing to its reliability, sensitivity, and advantages associated with sampling, handling, and ethics. However, the applicability of infant hair for assessing in utero exposure to OCs is still limited. In this study, 57 infant hair samples were collected in Guangzhou, South China, to evaluate the levels and compositions of typical OCs in the fetus. Most of the target OCs were detected in infant hair, with medians of 144 μg/g, 17.7 μg/g, 192 ng/g, 46.9 ng/g, and 1.36 ng/g for phthalate esters (PAEs), alternative plasticizers (APs), organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), respectively. Meanwhile, paired maternal hair (0-9 cm from the scalp) was collected to examine the associations between maternal and infant hair for individual compounds. Low-brominated PBDEs tended to deposit in infant hair, with median concentrations approximately two times higher than those in maternal samples. Levels of PBDEs and 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) in paired maternal and infant hair showed strong positive correlations (p < 0.05), while most plasticizers (PAEs and APs) were poorly correlated between paired hair samples. Exposure sources were responsible for the variation in correlation between OC levels in the paired infant and maternal samples. Crude relationships between fetal exposure to OCs and birth size were examined using the Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) model. BDE-28 was found to be adversely associated with the birth size. This study provides referential information for evaluating in utero exposure to OCs and their health risks based on infant hair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Shan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, 510655, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Bin Tang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, 510655, PR China
| | - Jing Zheng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, 510655, PR China; School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Monitoring of Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550000, PR China.
| | - Xiao Yan
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, 510655, PR China; School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Monitoring of Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550000, PR China
| | - Wei-Keng Luo
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, 510655, PR China
| | - Mian He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, PR China
| | - Xiao-Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China
| | - Ming-Zhong Ren
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, 510655, PR China
| | - Yun-Jiang Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, 510655, PR China
| | - Bi-Xian Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China
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18
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Golestanzadeh M, Goodarzi-Khoigani M, Shahrbanoo Daniali S, Ebrahimpour K, Zarean E, Yazdi M, Basirat Z, Kelishadi R. Association between phthalate metabolites in human amniotic fluid and offspring birth size: a sub-study of the PERSIAN birth cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:76970-76982. [PMID: 35676571 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20839-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As phthalate metabolites might cross the placenta, it is possible to find them in the amniotic fluid. This cross-sectional study aims to investigate the levels of phthalate metabolites in the amniotic fluid of a sample of Iranian women and its association with neonatal anthropometric measures. The other objective was to study the potential sources of maternal exposure to phthalates. This study was conducted from June 2019 to June 2021 in Isfahan, Iran. Pregnant women were recruited from their first trimester of pregnancy and followed up until their delivery. Amniotic fluid samples were collected from those who were assigned to have delivery by cesarean section. Overall, 158 samples of amniotic fluid were collected, of which 139 samples had sufficient volume and were free of blood. Data from 142 newborns were included in this study. Four phthalate metabolites were measured using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). After extraction of phthalate metabolites, 4 phthalate metabolites including mono-butyl phthalate (MBP; normal: 0.08 ± 0.79; overweight: 0.20 ± 1.11; obese: 0.07 ± 1.07; p-value: 0.405), mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP; normal: 7.54 ± 6.69; overweight: 7.48 ± 7.16; obese: 8.67 ± 12.75; p-value: 0.729), mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP; normal: 4.27 ± 6.36; overweight: 3.03 ± 8.44; obese: 3.53 ± 7.04; p-value: 0.245), and mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP; normal: 246.18 ± 189.80; overweight: 238.48 ± 200.23; obese: 287.65 ± 206.70; p-value: 0.723) were simultaneously detected in samples of maternal amniotic fluid. Our findings suggest that maternal exposure to phthalate metabolites is positively associated with in utero exposure of the developing fetus. The geometric means and medians of MBP, MBzP, MEOHP, and MEHHP of detected samples were 10.17 (9.52), 6.24 (3.47), 5.03 (11.72), and 174.79 (229.94) (μg/L), respectively. The median anthropometric measures of newborns were as follows: weight 3171.8 g, height 49.6 cm, head circumferences 34.9 cm, chest 33.3 cm, hip 31.5 cm, and arm circumferences 10.8 cm. There was no statistically significant association between phthalate metabolites concentration and newborn's anthropometric measures (p > 0.05). Future studies should focus on the collection of amniotic fluid at different trimesters and the corresponding maternal samples to better characterize the association and health impacts of these endocrine-disrupting chemicals during fetal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Golestanzadeh
- Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezarjerib Ave, Isfahan, 8174673461, Iran
| | - Masoomeh Goodarzi-Khoigani
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezarjerib Ave, Isfahan, 8174673461, Iran
| | - Seyede Shahrbanoo Daniali
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezarjerib Ave, Isfahan, 8174673461, Iran
| | - Karim Ebrahimpour
- Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Elaheh Zarean
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fetal Medicine Unit, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Yazdi
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezarjerib Ave, Isfahan, 8174673461, Iran
| | - Zohreh Basirat
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fetal Medicine Unit, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezarjerib Ave, Isfahan, 8174673461, Iran.
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19
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Yang Z, Zhang T, Shan D, Li L, Wang S, Li Y, Du R, Wu S, Jin L, Lu X, Shang X, Wang Q. Associations between phthalate exposure and thyroid function in pregnant women during the first trimester. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 242:113884. [PMID: 35853363 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates are a class of environmental endocrine disruptors. Previous studies have demonstrated that phthalate exposure can affect thyroid function; however, limited studies have assessed the associations between phthalate exposure and thyroid function, especially thyroid autoimmunity in pregnant women during the first trimester. We recruited participants from a cohort of pregnant women in Beijing, China, and collected urine samples to measure ten phthalate metabolites, serum samples to measure free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) during the first trimester. We included 325 pregnant women without thyroid diseases or dysfunction in this study. Associations between phthalate metabolites and thyroid function parameters were assessed with the Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) model, multiple linear regression model, and restricted cubic spline. In the BKMR model analysis, compared to the 50th percentile, total urinary phthalate metabolites levels were negatively associated with serum TPOAb levels when phthalate metabolites were at or below the 40th percentile. Stratifying by body mass index, total urinary phthalate metabolites levels were negatively associated with serum TPOAb levels in normal weight women when phthalate metabolites were at or below the 45th percentile. However, total urinary phthalate metabolites levels were positively associated with serum TPOAb levels in underweight women when phthalate metabolites were at or below the 30th percentile. In restricted cubic spline analysis, L-shaped nonlinear associations of mono-(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP), mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP), di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (ΣDEHP), and inverted S-shaped nonlinear association of mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP) with TPOAb were observed. In conclusion, our findings suggest that phthalate exposure may affect thyroid autoimmunity in underweight pregnant women during early pregnancy, and the potential effects of phthalate exposure on thyroid autoimmunity may be nonlinear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Yang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Danping Shan
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ludi Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yingzi Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ruihu Du
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shaowei Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Lei Jin
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xin Lu
- Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Haidian District, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Xuejun Shang
- Department of Andrology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
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20
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Modeling di (2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate (DEHP) and Its Metabolism in a Body's Organs and Tissues through Different Intake Pathways into Human Body. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095742. [PMID: 35565138 PMCID: PMC9101911 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Phthalate esters (PAEs) are ubiquitous in indoor environments as plasticizers in indoor products. Residences are often exposed to indoor PAEs in the form of gas, particles, settled dust, and surface phases. To reveal the mechanism behind the accumulation of PAEs in different tissues or organs such as the liver and the lungs when a person exposed to indoor PAEs with different phases, a whole-body physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for PAEs is employed to characterize the dynamic process of phthalates by different intake pathways, including oral digestion, dermal adsorption, and inhalation. Among three different intake pathways, dermal penetration distributed the greatest accumulation of DEHP in most of the organs, while the accumulative concentration through oral ingestion was an order of magnitude lower than the other two doses. Based on the estimated parameters, the variation of di-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and mono (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) concentration in the venous blood, urine, the liver, the thymus, the pancreas, the spleen, the lungs, the brain, the heart, and the kidney for different intake scenarios was simulated. The simulated results showed a different accumulation profile of DEHP and MEHP in different organs and tissues and demonstrated that the different intake pathways will result in different accumulation distributions of DEHP and MEHP in organs and tissues and may lead to different detrimental health outcomes.
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21
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Yu L, Zhang H, Zheng T, Liu J, Fang X, Cao S, Xia W, Xu S, Li Y. Phthalate Exposure, PPARα Variants, and Neurocognitive Development of Children at Two Years. Front Genet 2022; 13:855544. [PMID: 35464856 PMCID: PMC9019295 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.855544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The PPARα gene may be crucial to the neurotoxic effect of phthalates. However, epidemiological studies considering the neurodevelopmental influence of phthalates interacting with genetic susceptibility are limited. We hypothesized phthalates could interact with the PPARα gene, synergistically affecting neurocognitive development. Methods: A total of 961 mother-infant pairs were involved in this study. The concentrations of phthalate metabolites in maternal urine during pregnancy were detected. Children’s neurocognitive development was estimated with the Bailey Infant Development Inventory (BSID). Genetic variations in PPARα were genotyped with the Illumina Asian Screening Array. We applied generalized linear regression models to estimate genotypes and phthalate metabolites’ association with children’s neurocognitive development. Results: After adjusting for potential confounders, the mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP) concentration was negatively associated with Psychomotor Development Index (PDI) (β = −0.86, 95% CI: −1.67, −0.04). The associations between MnBP and neurocognitive development might be modified by PPARα rs1800246. Compared with low-MnBP individuals carrying rs1800246 GG genotypes, high-MnBP individuals with the AG + AA genotype had a higher risk of neurocognitive developmental delay, with the odds ratio of 2.76 (95% CI:1.14, 6.24). Conclusions: Our current study revealed that prenatal exposure to MnBP was negatively correlated with children’s neurocognitive development, and PPARα rs1800246 might modify the association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongling Zhang
- School of Health and Nursing, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tongzhang Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Juan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingjie Fang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuting Cao
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shunqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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22
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Zhang X, Barr DB, Dunlop AL, Panuwet P, Sarnat JA, Lee GE, Tan Y, Corwin EJ, Jones DP, Ryan PB, Liang D. Assessment of metabolic perturbations associated with exposure to phthalates among pregnant African American women. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 818:151689. [PMID: 34793805 PMCID: PMC8904271 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phthalates have been linked with numerous harmful health effects. Limited data are available on the molecular mechanism underlying phthalate toxicity on human health. In this study, we measured urinary phthalate metabolites and used high-resolution metabolomics (HRM) to identify biological perturbations associated with phthalate exposures among pregnant African American (AA) women, who are disproportionately exposed to high phthalates levels. METHODS We used untargeted HRM profiling to characterize serum samples collected during early (8-14 weeks gestation) and late (24-30 weeks gestation) pregnancy from 73 participants from the Atlanta AA Maternal-Child cohort. We measured eight urinary phthalate metabolites in early and late pregnancy, including Monoethyl phthalate (MEP), Mono(2-ethlyhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), and Mono (2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP), to assess maternal exposures to phthalates. Metabolite and metabolic pathway perturbation were evaluated using an untargeted HRM workflow. RESULTS Geometric mean creatinine-adjusted levels of urinary MEP, MEHP, and MEHHP were 67.3, 1.4, and 4.1 μg/g creatinine, respectively, with MEP and MEHP higher than the mean levels of non-Hispanic blacks in the general US population (2015-2016). There were 73 and 1435 metabolic features significantly associated with at least one phthalate metabolite during early and late pregnancy (p < 0.005), respectively. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed perturbations in four inflammation- and oxidative-stress-related pathways associated with phthalate metabolite levels during both early and late pregnancy, including glycerophospholipid, urea cycle, arginine, and tyrosine metabolism. We confirmed 10 metabolites with level-1 evidence, which are associated with urinary phthalates, including thyroxine and thiamine, which were negatively associated with MEP, as well as tyramine and phenethylamine, which were positively associated with MEHP and MEHHP. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that urinary phthalate levels were associated with perturbations in biological pathways connected with inflammation, oxidative stress, and endocrine disruption. The findings support future targeted investigations on molecular mechanisms underlying the impact of maternal phthalates exposure on adverse health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Zhang
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dana Boyd Barr
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Anne L Dunlop
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Parinya Panuwet
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jeremy A Sarnat
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Grace E Lee
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Youran Tan
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Dean P Jones
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - P Barry Ryan
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Donghai Liang
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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23
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Plante I, Winn LM, Vaillancourt C, Grigorova P, Parent L. Killing two birds with one stone: Pregnancy is a sensitive window for endocrine effects on both the mother and the fetus. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 205:112435. [PMID: 34843719 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pregnancy is a complex process requiring tremendous physiological changes in the mother in order to fulfill the needs of the growing fetus, and to give birth, expel the placenta and nurse the newborn. These physiological modifications are accompanied with psychological changes, as well as with variations in habits and behaviors. As a result, this period of life is considered as a sensitive window as impaired functional and physiological changes in the mother can have short- and long-term impacts on her health. In addition, dysregulation of the placenta and of mechanisms governing placentation have been linked to chronic diseases later-on in life for the fetus, in a concept known as the Developmental Origin of Health and Diseases (DOHaD). This concept stipulates that any change in the environment during the pre-conception and perinatal (in utero life and neonatal) period to puberty, can be "imprinted" in the organism, thereby impacting the health and risk of chronic diseases later in life. Pregnancy is a succession of events that is regulated, in large part, by hormones and growth factors. Therefore, small changes in hormonal balance can have important effects on both the mother and the developing fetus. An increasing number of studies demonstrate that exposure to endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) affect both the mother and the fetus giving rise to growing concerns surrounding these exposures. This review will give an overview of changes that happen during pregnancy with respect to the mother, the placenta, and the fetus, and of the current literature regarding the effects of EDCs during this specific sensitive window of exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Plante
- INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, QC, Canada.
| | - Louise M Winn
- Queen's University, School of Environmental Studies, Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | | | - Petya Grigorova
- Département Science et Technologie, Université TELUQ, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lise Parent
- Département Science et Technologie, Université TELUQ, Montreal, QC, Canada
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24
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Urinary Phthalate Biomarkers during Pregnancy, and Maternal Endocrine Parameters in Association with Anthropometric Parameters of Newborns. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9030413. [PMID: 35327785 PMCID: PMC8947339 DOI: 10.3390/children9030413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Adverse birth outcomes present risk factors resulting in neonatal morbidity and mortality. Sufficient maternal hormonal concentrations are crucial for normal foetal development. Previous studies have shown a relationship between phthalate exposure and maternal hormonal levels during pregnancy. This study aims to investigate if neonatal anthropometric parameters are associated with maternal endocrine parameters during the ≤15th week of gestation and the third trimester of pregnancy concerning phthalate exposure in pregnant women from Nitra, Slovakia. We used high-performance liquid chromatography, tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS), and electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay to quantify urinary concentrations of phthalates and serum concentrations of hormones and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), respectively. We observed a mostly positive correlation between neonatal anthropometric parameters (gestational age, birth length, birth weight, head circumference) and maternal concentration of phthalate metabolites (p ≤ 0.05). The hierarchical multivariate regression results showed a statistically significant association between Apgar score at 5 min after delivery, gestational age, birth weight, head circumference, and maternal endocrine parameters during pregnancy (p ≤ 0.05), adjusted to phthalate metabolites. To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first to indicate that prenatal exposure to phthalates may also affect birth outcomes through interaction with the maternal endocrine system.
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25
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Chang CH, Tsai YA, Huang YF, Tsai MS, Hou JW, Lin CL, Wang PW, Huang LW, Chen CY, Wu CF, Hsieh CJ, Wu MT, Wang SL, Chen ML. The sex-specific association of prenatal phthalate exposure with low birth weight and small for gestational age: A nationwide survey by the Taiwan Maternal and Infant Cohort Study (TMICS). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:151261. [PMID: 34715222 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The Taiwan Maternal and Infant Cohort Study (TMICS) was launched with the aim to assess the effects of prenatal exposure to phthalic acid esters (PAEs) on infant health. A total of 1102 pregnant women were enrolled in this study from 2012 to 2015. All participants completed a structured questionnaire, and provided urine specimens. The urinary concentrations of PAE metabolites in the third trimester were measured using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Generalized additive model-penalized regression splines and logistic regression models were employed to determine the risk for low birth weight (LBW) or small for gestational age (SGA) among pregnant women exposed to PAEs. After adjustments for other covariates, each incremental unit of ln-transformed mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP) for pregnant women increased the odds of SGA in male neonates by 1.44 (95% CI: 0.92-2.23). An inverse association between SGA and maternal MnBP exposure level was observed in female neonates. An increase in one ln-transformed MnBP concentration unit decreased the risk of female SGA to 0.50 (95% CI: 0.24-0.97). In the penalized regression splines, increased risks of LBW/SGA in male neonates were presented while pregnant women exposed to increased MnBP levels. However, an association in the opposite direction was observed between maternal MnBP and LBW or SGA for male and female neonates. This study indicated that high maternal MnBP exposure in the third trimester was associated with LBW or SGA for male infants. Adverse effects on susceptible populations exposed to high levels of PAEs should be of concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Huang Chang
- School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Global Health and Health Security, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-An Tsai
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Fang Huang
- Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National United University, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Song Tsai
- Department of OBS & GYN, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Woei Hou
- Department of Pediatrics, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ling Lin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wei Wang
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Taipei City Hospital, Heping Fuyou Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wei Huang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Taipei City Hospital, Heping Fuyou Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yao Chen
- Division of Obstetrics and High Risk Pregnancy, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Fang Wu
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; International Master Program of Translational Medicine, National United University, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Hsieh
- Department of Public Health, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Tsang Wu
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Li Wang
- Division of Environmental Health & Occupational Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.
| | - Mei-Lien Chen
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Sun G, Li Y. Molecular mechanisms of developmental toxicity induced by BBP in zebrafish embryos. Toxicology 2021; 466:153078. [PMID: 34933018 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.153078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Butylbenzyl phthalate (BBP) has been shown to negatively affect the development of zebrafish embryos, however, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, our study aims to reveal the molecular mechanisms of developmental toxicity on zebrafish embryos. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to BBP (0, 0.6, and 1.2 mg/L) from 4 to 72 h post-fertilization (hpf). The adverse effects on zebrafish embryos were evaluated and the transcriptional profiles of zebrafish embryos were analyzed at 72hpf. Exposure to BBP decreased hatching and survival rates and induced obvious morphology abnormalities in zebrafish embryos. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) significantly decrease and the malondialdehyde (MDA) content significantly increased with 1.2 mg/L BBP exposure. Global transcriptome profiling analysis demonstrated that 578 and 1257 genes were differentially expressed in zebrafish embryos in the 0.6 and 1.2 mg/L groups, respectively. Gene Ontology (GO) term enrichment analysis demonstrated that DEGs are related to many aspects of cell composition, biological processes, and molecular functions. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis demonstrated that 13 and 22 pathways were significantly enriched in the 0.6 and 1.2 mg/L groups, respectively. DEGs were primarily concentrated in the metabolism of the 0.6 mg/L group and in the organismal systems and particularly affected vision and digestion in the 1.2 mg/L group. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of developmental toxicity induced by phthalates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guijin Sun
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China.
| | - Yingqiu Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
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Lorigo M, Cairrao E. Fetoplacental vasculature as a model to study human cardiovascular endocrine disruption. Mol Aspects Med 2021; 87:101054. [PMID: 34839931 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.101054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has associated the exposure of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) with the cardiovascular (CV) system. This exposure is particularly problematic in a sensitive window of development, pregnancy. Pregnancy exposome can affect the overall health of the pregnancy by dramatic changes in vascular physiology and endocrine activity, increasing maternal susceptibility. Moreover, fetoplacental vascular function is generally altered, increasing the risk of developing pregnancy complications (including cardiovascular diseases, CVD) and predisposing the foetus to adverse health risks later in life. Thus, our review summarizes the existing literature on exposures to EDCs during pregnancy and adverse maternal health outcomes, focusing on the human placenta, vein, and umbilical artery associated with pregnancy complications. The purpose of this review is to highlight the role of fetoplacental vasculature as a model for the study of human cardiovascular endocrine disruption. Therefore, we emphasize that the placenta, together with the umbilical arteries and veins, allows a better characterization of the pregnant woman's exposome. Consequently, it contributes to the protection of the mother and foetus against CV disorders in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Lorigo
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal; FCS - UBI, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Elisa Cairrao
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal; FCS - UBI, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
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Mathew L, Snyder NW, Lyall K, Lee BK, McClure LA, Elliott AJ, Newschaffer CJ. Prenatal phthalate exposure measurement: A comparison of metabolites quantified in prenatal maternal urine and newborn's meconium. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 796:148898. [PMID: 34280640 PMCID: PMC8440376 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates are chemicals suspected to adversely affect fetal neurodevelopment, but quantifying the fetal exposure is challenging. While prenatal phthalate exposure is commonly quantified in maternal urine, the newborn's meconium may better capture cumulative prenatal exposure. Currently, data on phthalates measured in meconium is sparse. We measured phthalate metabolites in 183 maternal second and 140 third trimester (T2, T3) urine, and in 190 meconium samples collected in an autism enriched-risk pregnancy cohort of 236 mothers. Eleven and eight metabolites were detected in over 90% of urine and meconium samples, respectively. Hydrophilic and hydrophobic metabolites were detected in both biosamples. Most urine phthalate metabolite distributions were similar between T2 and T3. Among metabolites detected in both biosamples, those of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate displayed a similar pattern in magnitude across metabolite type. Specifically, T2 creatinine adjusted distribution [median (25%, 75%)] of urine measured mono(2-ethylhexyl-carboxypentyl) (MECPP), mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) (MEHHP), and mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP) were 18.8(11.9, 31.4), 11.8(7.2, 19.1), and 8.9(6.2, 14.2) ng/mg. In meconium these were 16.6(10.9, 23.7), 2.5(1.5, 3.8), and 1.3(0.8, 2.3) ng/g, respectively. Metabolite-to-metabolite correlations were lower in meconium than urine, but patterns were similar. For example, correlation (95% CI) between mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and MECPP was 0.73 (0.66, 0.78), and between MEOHP and MEHHP was 0.96 (0.95, 0.97) in urine as compared to 0.10 (-0.04, 0.24) and 0.31 (0.18, 0.43) respectively in meconium. Correlations between same metabolites measured in urine and meconium were low and differed by metabolite and trimester. Correlation between MEHHP in urine and meconium, for example, was 0.20 (0.008, 0.37) at T3, but 0.05 (-0.12, 0.21) at T2. Our study provides evidence of general population-level prenatal phthalate exposure in a population at high risk for neurodevelopmental disorders and supports the utility of meconium to measure prenatal phthalate exposure but provides little evidence of correlation with exposure measured in prenatal maternal urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leny Mathew
- AJ Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University, 3020 Market St, Suite 560, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Drexel University Dornsife School of Public Health, 3215 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Nathaniel W Snyder
- AJ Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University, 3020 Market St, Suite 560, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, 3500 N Broad St. Room 455, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Kristen Lyall
- AJ Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University, 3020 Market St, Suite 560, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Brian K Lee
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Drexel University Dornsife School of Public Health, 3215 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Leslie A McClure
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Drexel University Dornsife School of Public Health, 3215 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Craig J Newschaffer
- AJ Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University, 3020 Market St, Suite 560, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; College of Health and Human Development, Pennsylvania State University, 325 HHD Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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van den Dries MA, Keil AP, Tiemeier H, Pronk A, Spaan S, Santos S, Asimakopoulos AG, Kannan K, Gaillard R, Guxens M, Trasande L, Jaddoe VWV, Ferguson KK. Prenatal Exposure to Nonpersistent Chemical Mixtures and Fetal Growth: A Population-Based Study. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2021; 129:117008. [PMID: 34817287 PMCID: PMC8612241 DOI: 10.1289/ehp9178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal exposure to mixtures of nonpersistent chemicals is universal. Most studies examining these chemicals in association with fetal growth have been restricted to single exposure models, ignoring their potentially cumulative impact. OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess the association between prenatal exposure to a mixture of phthalates, bisphenols, and organophosphate (OP) pesticides and fetal measures of head circumference, femur length, and weight. METHODS Within the Generation R Study, a population-based cohort in Netherlands (n=776), urinary concentrations of 11 phthalate metabolites, 3 bisphenols, and 5 dialkylphosphate (DAP) metabolites were measured at <18, 18-25, and >25 weeks of gestation and averaged. Ultrasound measures of head circumference, femur length, and estimated fetal weight (EFW) were taken at 18-25 and >25 weeks of gestation, and measurements of head circumference, length, and weight were performed at delivery. We estimated the difference in each fetal measurement per quartile increase in all exposures within the mixture with quantile g-computation. RESULTS The average EFW at 18-25 wk and >25wk was 369 and 1,626g, respectively, and the average birth weight was 3,451g. Higher exposure was associated with smaller fetal and newborn growth parameters in a nonlinear fashion. At 18-25 wk, fetuses in the second, third, and fourth quartiles of exposure (Q2-Q4) had 26g [95% confidence intervals (CI):-38, -13], 35g (95% CI: -55, -15), and 27g (95% CI: -54, 1) lower EFW compared with those in the first quartile (Q1). A similar dose-response pattern was observed at >25wk, but all effect sizes were smaller, and no association was observed comparing Q4 to Q1. At birth, we observed no differences in weight between Q1-Q2 or Q1-Q3. However, fetuses in Q4 had 91g (95% CI: -258, 76) lower birth weight in comparison with those in Q1. Results observed at 18-25 and >25wk were similar for femur length; however, no differences were observed at birth. No associations were observed for head circumference. DISCUSSION Higher exposure to a mixture of phthalates, bisphenols, and OP pesticides was associated with lower EFW in the midpregnancy period. In late pregnancy, these differences were similar but less pronounced. At birth, the only associations observed appeared when comparing individuals from Q1 and Q4. This finding suggests that even low levels of exposure may be sufficient to influence growth in early pregnancy, whereas higher levels may be necessary to affect birth weight. Joint exposure to nonpersistent chemicals may adversely impact fetal growth, and because these exposures are widespread, this impact could be substantial. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP9178.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiel A van den Dries
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alexander P Keil
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anjoeka Pronk
- Department Risk Analysis for Products in Development, Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Suzanne Spaan
- Department Risk Analysis for Products in Development, Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Susana Santos
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Romy Gaillard
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mònica Guxens
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leonardo Trasande
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Robert F. Wagner School of Public Service, New York University, New York, New York, USA
- School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Kelly K Ferguson
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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MORADI GHOBAD, ZOKAEII MEHDI, GOODARZI ELHAM, KHAZAEI ZAHER. Maternal risk factors for low birth weight infants: A nested case-control study of rural areas in Kurdistan (western of Iran). JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND HYGIENE 2021; 62:E399-E406. [PMID: 34604580 PMCID: PMC8451353 DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2021.62.2.1635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Infant mortality is among the most important indicators of health and development in global communities. One of the causes of neonatal mortality is low birth weight. This study aims at evaluating the risk factors for LBW in infants. This study was carried out using a nested case-control study in rural areas of Kurdistan province in Western Iran in 2015. The selection of case and control groups was based on the nesting using the risk set sampling approach. In total, 182 and 364 subjects were selected for the case group and the control group respectively. Data analysis was performed using the Stata-12 software with the point and spatial estimation of OR using the conditional logistic regression method. The multivariate logistic regression analysis performed shows that the maternal gestational age, the mother’s health history during pregnancy, any medication abuses by the mother, any mental stress during pregnancy, are LBW risk factors (P < 0.05). Prevention of LBW is possible by identifying effective factors and performing appropriate interventions in infants with low birth weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- GHOBAD MORADI
- Associate Professor Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - MEHDI ZOKAEII
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - ELHAM GOODARZI
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - ZAHER KHAZAEI
- MSc of Epidemiology, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
- Correspondence: Zaher Khazaei, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran - Tel.: +989183514874 - E-mail:
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Darvishmotevalli M, Moradnia M, Hosseini R, Bina B, Feizi A, Ebrahimpour K, Pourzamani H, Feizabadi GK, Kelishadi R. Association between prenatal phthalate exposure and anthropometric measures of newborns in a sample of Iranian population. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:50696-50706. [PMID: 33966142 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14182-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates or phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are a group of compounds which they can be entered into the human body through the various pathways. The aim of this study was to examine associations between prenatal phthalates exposure with anthropometric measures of neonates. Urine samples were obtained from 121 Iranian pregnant women at their first trimester of pregnancy, and the levels of monobutyl phthalate (MBP), mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP), mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), and mono (2-ethyl-5hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP) metabolites were determined by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The correlations between the maternal urinary concentrations of phthalate metabolites with anthropometric measures of neonates as well as with the socio-demographic factors of participants (maternal education, age, family income, pre-pregnancy body mass index), their lifestyle variables (smoking habit, food pattern, and physical activity), and use of cleaning products (cosmetic and household cleaning products) were investigated. MBzP, MBP, MEHP, and MEHHP were detected in 100% of the participants with the concentration ranged 120 to 860 μg/g creatinine. Significant correlations were observed between the urinary levels of maternal MBzP (adjusted β = 0.3 (0.001), p = 0.03) and MEHHP (adjusted β = 0.3 (0.001), p = 0.04) with the birth weight of female neonates. MBP (adjusted β = -0.3 (0.02), p = 0.04) and MBzP (adjusted β = -0.3 (0.001), p = 0.02) had negative associations with the head circumference in male and female newborns, respectively. Furthermore, plastic packaging for pickle and passive smoking during pregnancy were identified to be significantly associated with low birth weight (p value < 0.05). Iranian pregnant women had higher concentrations of urinary phthalates compared to the other countries. Based on the findings, the higher prenatal exposure to phthalates could adversely impact the health status of newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Darvishmotevalli
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Research Center for Health, Safety and Environment (RCHSE), Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Maryam Moradnia
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
- Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Reza Hosseini
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Bijan Bina
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Awat Feizi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Karim Ebrahimpour
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Pourzamani
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ghasem Kiani Feizabadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Nidens N, Vogel M, Körner A, Kiess W. Prenatal exposure to phthalate esters and its impact on child development. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 35:101478. [PMID: 33608224 DOI: 10.1016/j.beem.2020.101478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine disruptive chemicals (EDCs) cause adverse health effects through interaction with endocrine systems. They are classified by chemical structure, effects on specific endocrine systems, their bioaccumulation and/or persistence in the environment, and/or clinically observable effects. In industrial nations, people are exposed to complex mixtures of many different substances all of which may have multiple and deleterious effects upon the individual. The clinical importance of epigenetic changes caused by the action of EDCs during vulnerable phases of development is currently unclear but of particular relevance. Epidemiological studies are criticized because reproducibility is not always guaranteed. Nevertheless, they remain the method of choice for the development and analysis of suitable model systems. Positive associations, despite of sometimes conflicting results, are the key in the selection of factors that can then be analyzed in model systems in an unbiased way. This article reports EDC-caused effects in the fields of growth and metabolism, neurocognitive development and sexual development and reproduction focusing mainly on phthalates and their metabolites. However, research will have to focus on the interactions of different EDCs and their consequences of prenatal and early life exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Nidens
- Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases (LIFE), LIFE Child, University of Leipzig, Faculty of Medicine, Philipp-Rosenthal-Straße 27, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany; Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Paediatric Research, Liebigstraße 20a, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mandy Vogel
- Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases (LIFE), LIFE Child, University of Leipzig, Faculty of Medicine, Philipp-Rosenthal-Straße 27, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany; Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Paediatric Research, Liebigstraße 20a, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antje Körner
- Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases (LIFE), LIFE Child, University of Leipzig, Faculty of Medicine, Philipp-Rosenthal-Straße 27, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany; Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Paediatric Research, Liebigstraße 20a, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wieland Kiess
- Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases (LIFE), LIFE Child, University of Leipzig, Faculty of Medicine, Philipp-Rosenthal-Straße 27, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany; Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Paediatric Research, Liebigstraße 20a, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany.
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Maternal high-fat diet during pregnancy with concurrent phthalate exposure leads to abnormal placentation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16602. [PMID: 34400704 PMCID: PMC8368193 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95898-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a synthetic chemical commonly used for its plasticizing capabilities. Because of the extensive production and use of DEHP, humans are exposed to this chemical daily. Diet is a significant exposure pathway and fatty food contain the highest level of phthalates. The impact on pregnancy following DEHP exposure and the associated interaction of high fat (HF) diet remains unknown. Here we report that exposure of pregnant mice to an environmentally relevant level of DEHP did not affect pregnancy. In contrast, mice fed a HF diet during gestation and exposed to the same level of DEHP display marked impairment in placental development, resulting in poor pregnancy outcomes. Our study further reveals that DEHP exposure combined with a HF diet interfere with the signaling pathway controlled by nuclear receptor PPARγ to adversely affect differentiation of trophoblast cells, leading to compromised vascularization and glucose transport in the placenta. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that maternal diet during pregnancy is a critical factor that determines whether exposure to an environmental toxicant results in impaired placental and fetal development, causing intrauterine growth restriction, fetal morbidity, and mortality.
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Xiong YH, Pei DS. A review on efficient removal of phthalic acid esters via biochars and transition metals-activated persulfate systems. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 277:130256. [PMID: 33773311 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As emerging contaminants, PAEs (Phthalic Acid Esters or Phthalate Esters) have been extensively utilized in industrial production to soften the rigid plastics (plasticizers), and their related products are widely distributed in our daily life. The PAEs can readily transfer from the products to the surrounding environment due to not being chemically bound to the products. In this study, we analyzed the PAEs' properties, usage, and consumption in the world, as well as toxicity to human beings. As endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), PAEs can disturb the normal hormones reactions, resulting in developmental and reproductive problems. Thus, we have to concern the removal strategies of PAEs. We summarized two novel approaches, including biochars and persulfate (PS) oxidation for effectively removing PAEs in the literature. Their characteristics, removal mechanisms, and the main impact factors on the removal of PAEs were highlighted. Moreover, transition metal-activated PS showed good performance on PAEs degradation. Furthermore, the synergy of biochars and transition metals-PS can overcome the disadvantages of a single approach, and show better performance on the removal of PAEs. Finally, we put forward vital strategies to update two approaches (including the combined) for enhancing the removal of PAEs. It is expected that the researchers or scientists can get a hint on effectively remediating PAEs-contaminated sites via the biochars' sorption/transition metals-PS or the combined two from this review paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Hui Xiong
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
| | - De-Sheng Pei
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China; College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China.
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Li J, Qian X, Zhou Y, Li Y, Xu S, Xia W, Cai Z. Trimester-specific and sex-specific effects of prenatal exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate on fetal growth, birth size, and early-childhood growth: A longitudinal prospective cohort study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 777:146146. [PMID: 33684750 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) may cause adverse health outcomes. However, trimester-specific impacts of DEHP exposure on offspring growth from fetal to early childhood stage have not been thoroughly evaluated. In this study, participants who provided a full series of urine specimens at three trimesters were selected from a birth cohort conducted at Wuhan, China from 2014 to 2015. 814 mother-offspring pairs were included in the study. Urinary concentrations of DEHP metabolites were determined using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Z-scores for ultrasound-measured fetal growth parameters at 14.0-18.9, 22.6-27.0, and 29.0-33.9 weeks of gestation, were calculated. Weight, height, and body mass index (BMI) at 6, 12, and 24 months were standardized to z-scores using sex-specific and age-specific WHO child growth standards. Linear regressions with generalized estimating equations were used to assess the relationships of DEHP levels per trimester to fetal growth, birth size, and growth at 6, 12, and 24 months to explore the trimester-specific impacts of DEHP exposure on offspring development. Among males, the1st-trimester DEHP was negatively related to fetal growth (β < 0, p < 0.05), but positively related to 24-month BMI. The 2nd-trimester DEHP was negatively related to birth weight and birth length, but positively related to weight gain rates from birth to 24 months old. The 3rd-trimester DEHP was positively (β > 0, p < 0.05) associated with birth weight and BMI at 6 and 12 months. Among females, the 1st-trimester DEHP was associated with increased birth length, while the 2nd-trimester DEHP was negatively associated with BMI at 6 and 12 months. A negative association between DEHP and weight gain rates at 6 months was noted among females. This prospective cohort revealed the sex-specific and trimester-specific relationships of DEHP exposure to offspring growth from fetal to early-childhood stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiufeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xi Qian
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanqiu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shunqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
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Tsai HJ, Kuo FC, Wu CF, Sun CW, Hsieh CJ, Wang SL, Chen ML, Hsieh HM, Chuang YS, Wu MT. Association between two common environmental toxicants (phthalates and melamine) and urinary markers of renal injury in the third trimester of pregnant women: The Taiwan Maternal and Infant Cohort Study (TMICS). CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 272:129925. [PMID: 35534976 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to either melamine or phthalate, two common toxicants, during pregnancy may cause adverse health effects, including kidney damage. OBJECTIVES We investigated the independent and interactive effect of exposure to melamine and phthalates, particularly di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), on markers of early renal injury in women their third trimester of pregnancy in one nationwide birth cohort, the Taiwan Maternal and Infant Cohort Study (TMICS). METHODS Between October, 2012 and May, 2015, participants were administered questionnaires, physical examinations, and blood and urine tests during their third trimester. One-spot overnight urine specimens were used to simultaneously measure melamine, 11 phthalate metabolites, and two markers of renal injury, microalbumin and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidas (NAG). Estimated daily DEHP intake was calculated based on measurement of three urinary DEHP metabolites. Microalbuminuria was defined as having a urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) higher than 3.5 mg/mmol. RESULTS Total 1433 pregnant women were analyzed. The median value for urinary melamine was 0.63 μg/mmol Cr and estimated DEHP intake was 1.84 μg/kg/day. We found subjects in the highest quartile of estimated DEHP intake to have significantly higher urinary ACR (β = 0.095, p = 0.043) and the prevalence of microalbuminuria (adjusted OR = 1.752, 95% confidence interval = 1.118-2.746), compared to those in the lowest quartile. In addition, there was a significant interactive effect between urinary melamine and estimated DEHP intake on urinary ACR and NAG. CONCLUSION Our results suggest these two ubiquitous chemicals together may be associated with markers of early kidney injury in pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ju Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Chen Kuo
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Fang Wu
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Wen Sun
- National Environmental Health Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Hsieh
- Department of Public Health, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Li Wang
- National Environmental Health Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Lien Chen
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Min Hsieh
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Shiuan Chuang
- Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Tsang Wu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; PhD Program of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Padmanabhan V, Song W, Puttabyatappa M. Praegnatio Perturbatio-Impact of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals. Endocr Rev 2021; 42:295-353. [PMID: 33388776 PMCID: PMC8152448 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnaa035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The burden of adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth and low birth weight is considerable across the world. Several risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes have been identified. One risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes receiving considerable attention in recent years is gestational exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Humans are exposed to a multitude of environmental chemicals with known endocrine-disrupting properties, and evidence suggests exposure to these EDCs have the potential to disrupt the maternal-fetal environment culminating in adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes. This review addresses the impact of maternal and fetal exposure to environmental EDCs of natural and man-made chemicals in disrupting the maternal-fetal milieu in human leading to adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes-a risk factor for adult-onset noncommunicable diseases, the role lifestyle and environmental factors play in mitigating or amplifying the effects of EDCs, the underlying mechanisms and mediators involved, and the research directions on which to focus future investigations to help alleviate the adverse effects of EDC exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wenhui Song
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Sedha S, Lee H, Singh S, Kumar S, Jain S, Ahmad A, Bin Jardan YA, Sonwal S, Shukla S, Simal-Gandara J, Xiao J, Huh YS, Han YK, Bajpai VK. Reproductive toxic potential of phthalate compounds - State of art review. Pharmacol Res 2021; 167:105536. [PMID: 33677105 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates are pervasive compounds, and due to the ubiquitous usage of phthalates, humans or even children are widely exposed to them. Since phthalates are not chemically bound to the plastic matrix, they can easily leach out to contaminate the peripheral environment. Various animal and human studies have raised vital health concern including developmental and reproductive toxicity of phthalate exposure. The present review is based upon the available literature on phthalates with respect to their reproductive toxic potential. Common reproductive effects such as declined fertility, reduced testis weight, variations in accessory sex organs and several female reproductive disorders appeared to be largely associated with the transitional phthalates. Among the higher molecular weight phthalates (≥ C7), di-isononyl phthalate (DINP) produces some minor effects on development of male reproductive tract and among low molecular weight phthalates (≤C3), di-methyl (DMP) and di-isobutyl (DIBP) phthalate produce some adverse effects on male reproductive system. Whereas transitional phthalates such as di-butyl phthalate, benzyl butyl phthalate, and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate have shown adverse effects on female reproductive system. Owing to these, non-toxic alternatives to phthalates may be developed and use of phthalates could be rationalized as an important issue where human reproduction system is involved. Though, more epidemiological studies are needed to substantiate the reported findings on phthalates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapna Sedha
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr Hari Singh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar 470003, MP, India
| | - Hoomin Lee
- Department of Biological Engineering, NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, South Korea
| | - Siddhartha Singh
- Government Girls P.G. College for Excellence, Sagar 470002, MP, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- National Institute of Occupational Health - ICMR, Meghaninagar, Ahmedabad 380016, Gujarat, India
| | - Subodh Jain
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr Hari Singh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar 470003, MP, India
| | - Ajaz Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousef A Bin Jardan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sonam Sonwal
- Department of Biological Engineering, NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, South Korea
| | - Shruti Shukla
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management (NIFTEM), Sonipat, Haryana 131028, India
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, Ourense E-32004, Spain
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, Ourense E-32004, Spain.
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- Department of Biological Engineering, NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, South Korea.
| | - Young-Kyu Han
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Seoul 04620, South Korea.
| | - Vivek K Bajpai
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Seoul 04620, South Korea.
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Maternal Food and Beverage Consumption Behaviors and Discrepant Phthalate Exposure by Race. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18042190. [PMID: 33672279 PMCID: PMC7927108 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18042190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Differential exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals, including phthalate diesters, may contribute to persistent racial/ethnic disparities in women’s reproductive health outcomes. We sought to characterize sources of gestational exposure to these agents that may differ according to maternal race. Methods: We enrolled pregnant Black (n = 198), including African American, and White (n = 197) women during the second trimester, and measured eight phthalate monoester metabolites in urine. We assessed confounder-adjusted associations between multiple food and beverage consumption habits, summarized using a principal component analysis, as predictors of maternal urinary phthalate metabolite levels, stratified by race. Results: Whites reported significantly greater unprocessed food consumption (42.5% vs. 32.0%; p < 0.001) and storage of food in clear unbreakable plastic containers (66.5% vs. 49.3%; p < 0.001) than Blacks, while Blacks consumed more canned fruits and vegetables (23.5% vs. 12.2%; p < 0.001) than Whites. Using plastics for food storage, microwaving in plastic containers, and using hard plastic water bottles was associated with urinary phthalate concentrations, especially DEHP metabolites (e.g., mean difference = 5.13%; 95% CI: 3.05, 7.25). These associations were driven primarily by Black pregnant women. Conclusions: Targeted interventions to reduce maternal exposure to phthalates need to be designed with specific attention to differences in food and beverage consumption behaviors among Black and White women.
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Vrachnis N, Loukas N, Vrachnis D, Antonakopoulos N, Christodoulaki C, Tsonis O, George M, Iliodromiti Z. Phthalates and fetal growth velocity: tracking down the suspected links. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2021; 35:4985-4993. [PMID: 33467971 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2021.1873943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Fetuses that have not achieved their full growth potential are associated with adverse perinatal and long-term outcomes; thus, it is essential to identify environmental factors that can potentially impair normal intrauterine development. Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), substances capable of altering the homeostasis of the endocrine system, are thought to play a role in restriction of growth velocity, with phthalates being among the most common EDCs to which pregnant women are exposed. Such exposure can potentially lead to changes to the epigenome, placental structure, and hormone function and trigger oxidative stress. Given that these pathways have been linked to fetal growth restriction, we reviewed the literature on the relationship between phthalates and fetal growth. The majority of the studies, which used birth weight as an indicator of intrauterine development, showed contradictory results, the main reason being the EDCs' rapid metabolism. However, we can draw more consistent conclusions when phthalates are quantified at more than one time point during pregnancy. In this narrative review, we present current data indicating the role of phthalates, and especially di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), in abnormal fetal growth velocity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Vrachnis
- 3rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Attikon Hospital, Athens, Greece.,Vascular Biology, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Nikolaos Loukas
- 3rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Attikon Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Dionysios Vrachnis
- Endocrinology Unit, 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Aretaieio Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Antonakopoulos
- 3rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Attikon Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Chryssi Christodoulaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chania General Hospital "St. George", Crete, Greece
| | - Orestis Tsonis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Mastorakos George
- Endocrinology Unit, 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Aretaieio Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Zoi Iliodromiti
- Department of Neonatology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Aretaieio Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Shi Y, Qi W, Xu Q, Wang Z, Cao X, Zhou L, Ye L. The role of epigenetics in the reproductive toxicity of environmental endocrine disruptors. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2021; 62:78-88. [PMID: 33217042 DOI: 10.1002/em.22414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Environmental endocrine disruptors (EEDs) seriously endanger human health by interfering with the normal function of reproductive systems. In males, EEDs can affect sperm formation and semen quality as well spermatogenesis, ultimately reducing fertility. In females, EEDs can affect uterine development and the expression levels of reproduction-related genes, ultimately reducing female fertility and the normal development of the fetus. There are a large number of putative mechanisms by which EEDs can induce reproductive toxicity, and many studies have shown the involvement of epigenetics. In this review, we summarize the role of DNA methylation, noncoding RNAs, genomic imprinting, chromatin remodeling and histone modification in the reproductive toxicity of EEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbin Shi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wen Qi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qi Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaolian Cao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Liting Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lin Ye
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Intrauterine growth restriction: Clinical consequences on health and disease at adulthood. Reprod Toxicol 2021; 99:168-176. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2020.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Martínez-Razo LD, Martínez-Ibarra A, Vázquez-Martínez ER, Cerbón M. The impact of Di-(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate and Mono(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate in placental development, function, and pathophysiology. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 146:106228. [PMID: 33157377 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a chemical widely distributed in the environment as is extensively used in the plastic industry. DEHP is considered an endocrine disruptor chemical (EDC) and humans are inevitably and unintentionally exposed to this EDC through several sources including food, beverages, cosmetics, medical devices, among others. DEHP exposure has been associated and may be involved in the development of various pathologies; importantly, pregnant women are a particular risk group considering that endocrine alterations during gestation may impact fetal programming leading to the development of several chronic diseases in adulthood. Recent studies have indicated that exposure to DEHP and its metabolite Mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) may impair placental development and function, which in turn would have a negative impact on fetal growth. Studies performed in several trophoblastic and placental models have shown the negative impact of DEHP and MEHP in key processes related to placental development such as implantation, differentiation, invasion and angiogenesis. In addition, many alterations in placental functions like hormone signaling, metabolism, transfer of nutrients, immunomodulation and oxidative stress response have been reported. Moreover, clinical-epidemiological evidence supports the association between DEHP exposure and adverse pregnancy outcomes and pathologies. In this review, we aim to summarize for the first time current knowledge about the impact of DEHP and MEHP exposure on placental development and pathophysiology, as well as the mechanisms involved. We also remark the importance of exploring DEHP and MEHP effects in different trophoblast cell populations and discuss new perspectives regarding this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Daniel Martínez-Razo
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes" - Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Martínez-Ibarra
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes" - Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico; Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Ciudad de México 04960, Mexico
| | - Edgar Ricardo Vázquez-Martínez
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes" - Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico
| | - Marco Cerbón
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes" - Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico.
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Zhang H, Gao F, Ben Y, Su Y. Association between phthalate exposure and risk of spontaneous pregnancy loss: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 267:115446. [PMID: 32866875 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies suggested that phthalates might be associated with increased risk of spontaneous pregnancy loss. However, these results were conflicting and inconclusive. Thus we performed this systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the relationship between phthalate exposure and risk of pregnancy loss. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and major Chinese literature databases for studies investigating phthalates and spontaneous pregnancy loss. Pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confident interval (CI) were calculated for risk estimate. A total of 8 studies involving 4713 participants (including 651 cases and 4062 controls) were enrolled in the present meta-analysis. Our pooled results showed that spontaneous pregnancy loss was associated with higher urinary levels of monobutyl phthalate (MBP) (OR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.04-1.72), mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) (OR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.29-1.90), mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP) (OR: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.23-2.07) and mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP) (OR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.15-1.89). Indirect estimate of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) levels, which were pooled from molar sum of urinary DEHP metabolites and hair DEHP, were also correlated with elevated risk of spontaneous pregnancy loss (OR: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.27-2.53). No significant association was found regarding urinary concentrations of monomethyl phthalate (MMP), monoethyl phthalate (MEP), mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP), monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP) or mono(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP). Our findings indicate that phthalate exposure might be a risk factor for spontaneous pregnancy loss. Given indirect estimate of phthalate exposure by evaluating its metabolite levels, our results should be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Recycling, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Fumei Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Yujie Ben
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yuping Su
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Recycling, Fuzhou, 350007, China.
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Scheers H, Nawrot TS, Nemery B, De Troeyer K, Callens M, De Smet F, Van Nieuwenhuyse A, Casas L. Antithrombotic medication and endovascular interventions associated with short-term exposure to particulate air pollution: A nationwide case-crossover study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 266:115130. [PMID: 32652373 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Short-term exposure to air pollution has pro-thrombotic effects and triggers thrombo-embolic events such as myocardial infarction or stroke in adults. This study evaluates the association between short-term variation in air pollution and treatments for acute thrombo-embolic events among the whole Belgian population. In a bidirectional time-stratified case-crossover design, we included 227,861 events treated with endovascular intervention and 74,942 with antithrombotic enzymes that were reimbursed by the Belgian Social Security between January 1st, 2009 and December 31st, 2013. We compared the concentrations of particulate matter (PM) air pollution (PM10 and PM2.5), as estimated at the municipality level on the day of the event (lag 0) and two days earlier (lag 1 and lag 2) with those of control days from the same month, matched by temperature and accounting for day of the week (weekend vs week days). We applied conditional logistic regression models to obtain odds ratios (OR) and their 95% CI for an increase of 10 μg/m3 (PM10) or 5 μg/m3 (PM2.5) in pollutant concentrations over three lag days (lag 0, 1 and 2). We observed significant associations of PM10 and PM2.5 with treatment of acute thrombo-embolic events at the three lags. The strongest associations were observed for air pollution concentrations on the day of the event (lag0). Increases of 10 μg/m3 PM10 and 5 μg/m3 PM2.5 on lag0 increased the odds of events treated with endovascular intervention by 2.7% (95%CI:2.3%-3.2%) and 1.3% (95%CI:1%-1.5%), respectively, and they increased the odds of events treated with antithrombotic enzymes by 1.9% (95%CI:1.1-2.7%) and 1.2% (95%CI:0.7%-1.6%), respectively. The associations were generally stronger during autumn months and among children. Our nationwide study confirms that acute exposure to outdoor air pollutants such as PM10 or PM2.5 increase the use of medication and interventions to treat thrombo-embolic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Scheers
- Centre for Environment and Health - Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Centre for Evidence-Based Practice, Rode Kruis-Vlaanderen, Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environment and Health - Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Benoit Nemery
- Centre for Environment and Health - Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrien De Troeyer
- Centre for Environment and Health - Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Frank De Smet
- Centre for Environment and Health - Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; IMA-AIM, Tervurenlaan 188A - box 9, 1150 Brussel, Belgium
| | - An Van Nieuwenhuyse
- Centre for Environment and Health - Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Health Protection, Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), Dudelange, Luxembourg
| | - Lidia Casas
- Centre for Environment and Health - Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Epidemiology and Health Policy, Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
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Meconium Exposure to Phthalates, Sex and Thyroid Hormones, Birth Size and Pregnancy Outcomes in 251 Mother-Infant Pairs from Shanghai. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17217711. [PMID: 33105642 PMCID: PMC7659924 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17217711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates are hormonally active pollutants. In-utero exposure to phthalates has been reported to be associated with birth size parameters and pregnancy outcomes. However, previous reports were inconsistent. We examined the associations between meconium exposure to phthalates and the effects on birth size parameters, pregnancy outcomes and sex and thyroid hormones in 251 mother–infant pairs from a Shanghai hospital. We measured 10 metabolites of phthalates in meconium samples collected during the first 24h after delivery. Information on seven birth size parameters (birth weight, birth length, abdominal circumference, head circumference, femur length, biparietal diameter and anogenital distance) and three pregnancy outcomes (gestational diabetes, premature rupture of membrane, and premature birth) was available from the birth record. Concentrations of free testosterone, estradiol (E2), thyroid stimulating hormone, concentrations of total and free thyroxine and triiodothyronine were measured from cord blood. Multivariate linear regression and logistic regression were used to estimate associations between phthalate exposure and health outcomes. mono-iso-butylphthalate (MiBP), mono-n-butylphthalate (MnBP) and mono-2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl phthalate (MEOHP) were positively associated with birth length and femur length which seemed more obvious in female newborn; MiBP, MnBP and mono-2-ethylhexylphthalate (MEHP) were positively associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) only in mothers with male newborns; monomethyl phthalate (MMP), MiBP and MEOHP were positively associated with E2 in male newborns. This study indicates that meconium exposure to phthalates may adversely affect some fetal growth parameters and GDM with a potential gender effect.
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Wang Z, Liu Y, Liu X, Zhou L, Ma X, Liu J, Wang L, Guo H. Activation of forkhead box O3a by mono(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate and its role in protection against mono(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in human cardiomyocytes. J Appl Toxicol 2020; 41:618-631. [PMID: 33029813 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mono(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (MEHP), the active metabolite of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP), is known to exert cardiotoxicity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of forkhead box O3a (FOXO3a) in MEHP-induced human AC16 cardiomyocyte injuries. MEHP reduced cell viability and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), whereas it increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. The expression of FOXO3a and its target genes, mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) and apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain (ARC), increased after MEHP exposure, but the expression of p-FOXO3a protein was decreased. Overexpression of FOXO3a decreased the production of ROS and the apoptosis rate induced by MEHP, and the expression of Mn-SOD and ARC was further increased after MEHP exposure. In contrast, knockdown of FOXO3a resulted in increased ROS production and apoptosis and suppressed the expression of Mn-SOD and ARC in the presence of MEHP. However, overexpression or knockdown of FOXO3a did not affect MEHP-induced loss of ΔΨm. In conclusion, the loss of ΔΨm and apoptosis are involved in MEHP-induced cardiomyocyte toxicity. Activation of FOXO3a defends against MEHP-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis by upregulating the expression of Mn-SOD and ARC in AC16 cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeze Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Department of Tropical Medicine, College of Military Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xuehui Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lixiao Zhou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xindi Ma
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Junyao Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Huicai Guo
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, China
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Qian Y, Shao H, Ying X, Huang W, Hua Y. The Endocrine Disruption of Prenatal Phthalate Exposure in Mother and Offspring. Front Public Health 2020; 8:366. [PMID: 32984231 PMCID: PMC7483495 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Phthalates are a group of ubiquitous synthetic endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Fetal and neonatal periods are particularly susceptible to endocrine disorders, which prenatal exposure to phthalates causes. There is increasing evidence concerning the potential endocrine disrupting for phthalate exposure during pregnancy. This article aims to review the endocrine impairment and potential outcomes of prenatal phthalate exposure. Prenatal exposure phthalates would disrupt the levels of thyroid, sex hormone, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D in pregnant women or offspring, which results in preterm birth, preeclampsia, maternal glucose disorders, infant cryptorchidism, infant hypospadias, and shorter anogenital distance in newborns, as well as growth restriction not only in infants but also in early adolescence and childhood. The relationship of prenatal phthalate exposure with maternal and neonatal outcomes in human beings was often sex-specific associations. Because of the potentially harmful influence of prenatal phthalate exposure, steps should be taken to prevent or reduce phthalate exposure during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyu Qian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hailing Shao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xinxin Ying
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenle Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ying Hua
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Segovia-Mendoza M, Nava-Castro KE, Palacios-Arreola MI, Garay-Canales C, Morales-Montor J. How microplastic components influence the immune system and impact on children health: Focus on cancer. Birth Defects Res 2020; 112:1341-1361. [PMID: 32767490 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a result of human socioeconomic activity, industrial wastes have increased distressingly. Plastic pollution is globally distributed across the world due to its properties of buoyancy and durability. A big health hazard is the sorption of toxicants to plastic while traveling through the environment. Two broad classes of plastic-related chemicals are of critical concern for human health-bisphenols and phthalates. Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine-disruptor compound (EDC) with estrogenic activity. It is used in the production of materials that are used daily. The endocrine modulating activity of BPA and its effects on reproductive health has been widely studied. BPA also has effects on the immune system; however, they are poorly investigated and the available data are inconclusive. Phthalates are also EDCs used as plasticizers in a wide array of daily-use products. Since these compounds are not covalently bound to the plastic matrix, they easily leach out from it, leading to high human exposure. These compounds exert several cell effects through modulating different endocrine pathways, such as estrogen, androgen, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, and arylhydrocarbon receptor pathways. The exposure to both classes of plastic derivatives during critical periods has detrimental effects on human health. METHODS In this review, we have compiled the most important of their perinatal effects on the function of the immune system and their relationship to the development of different types of cancer. RESULTS/CONCLUSION The administration of bisphenols and phthalates during critical stages of development affects important immune system components, and the immune function; which might be related to the development of different diseases including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Segovia-Mendoza
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Karen E Nava-Castro
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología y Mutagénesis Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Margarita I Palacios-Arreola
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología y Mutagénesis Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Claudia Garay-Canales
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Jorge Morales-Montor
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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50
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Basak S, Das MK, Duttaroy AK. Plastics derived endocrine-disrupting compounds and their effects on early development. Birth Defects Res 2020; 112:1308-1325. [PMID: 32476245 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Despite the fact that the estrogenic effects of bisphenols were first described 80 years ago, recent data about its potential negative impact on birth outcome parameters raises a strong rationale to investigate further. The adverse health effects of plastics recommend to measure the impacts of endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) such as bisphenols (BPA, BPS, BPF), bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) in human health. Exposure to these compounds in utero may program the diseases of the testis, prostate, kidney and abnormalities in the immune system, and cause tumors, uterine hemorrhage during pregnancy and polycystic ovary. These compounds also control the processes of epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of adult-onset diseases by modulating DNA methylation and epimutations in reproductive cells. The early developmental stage is the most susceptible window for developmental and genomic programming. The critical stages of the events for a normal human birth lie between the many transitions occurring between spermatogenesis, egg fertilization and the fully formed fetus. As the cells begin to grow and differentiate, there are critical balances of hormones, and protein synthesis. Data are emerging on how these plastic-derived compounds affect embryogenesis, placentation and feto-placental development since pregnant women and unborn fetuses are often exposed to these factors during preconception and throughout gestation. Impaired early development that ultimately influences fetal outcomes is at the center of many developmental disorders and contributes an independent risk factor for adult chronic diseases. This review will summarize the current status on the impact of exposure to plastic derived EDCs on the growth, gene expression, epigenetic and angiogenic activities of the early fetal development process and their possible effects on birth outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Basak
- Molecular Biology Division, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Mrinal K Das
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Asim K Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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