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Tomasetti M, Monaco F, Rubini C, Rossato M, De Quattro C, Beltrami C, Sollini G, Pasquini E, Amati M, Goteri G, Santarelli L, Re M. AGO2-RIP-Seq reveals miR-34/miR-449 cluster targetome in sinonasal cancers. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0295997. [PMID: 38215077 PMCID: PMC10786392 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Sinonasal tumours are heterogeneous malignancies, presenting different histological features and clinical behaviour. Many studies emphasize the role of specific miRNA in the development and progression of cancer, and their expression profiles could be used as prognostic biomarkers to predict the survival. Recently, using the next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based miRNome analysis the miR-34/miR-449 cluster was identified as miRNA superfamily involved in the pathogenesis of sinonasal cancers (SNCs). In the present study, we established an Argonaute-2 (AGO2): mRNA immunoprecipitation followed by high-throughput sequencing to analyse the regulatory role of miR-34/miR-449 in SNCs. Using this approach, we identified direct target genes (targetome), which were involved in regulation of RNA-DNA metabolic, transcript and epigenetic processes. In particular, the STK3, C9orf78 and STRN3 genes were the direct targets of both miR-34c and miR-449a, and their regulation are predictive of tumour progression. This study provides the first evidence that miR-34/miR-449 and their targets are deregulated in SNCs and could be proposed as valuable prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Tomasetti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Federica Monaco
- Department of Excellence SBSP-Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Corrado Rubini
- Department of Excellence SBSP-Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Marzia Rossato
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | | | - Giacomo Sollini
- ENT Division “Bellaria Hospital”, AUSL Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Monica Amati
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Gaia Goteri
- Department of Excellence SBSP-Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Lory Santarelli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Massimo Re
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
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Li X, Jin H, Lv Y, Liu C, Luo X, Liu J, Zhang Q, Yu Y, Zhao Z. Analysis of microRNA expression profiles during the differentiation of chicken embryonic stem cells into male germ cells. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:1120-1131. [PMID: 35020556 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2021.2013858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) into germ cells in vitro could have very promising applications for infertility treatment and could provide an excellent model for uncovering the molecular mechanisms of germline generation. This study aimed to investigate the differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) during the differentiation of chicken ESCs (cESCs) into male germ cells and to establish a profile of the DEMs. Cells before and after induction were subjected to miRNA sequencing (miRNA-seq). A total of 113 DEMs were obtained, including 61 upregulated and 52 downregulated DEMs. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses showed that the target genes were enriched mainly in the MAPK signaling pathway, HTLV infection signaling pathway, cell adhesion molecule (CAM)-related pathways, viral myocarditis, Wnt signaling pathway, ABC transporters, TGF-β signaling pathways, Notch signaling pathways and insulin signaling pathway. The target genes of the miRNAs were related to cell binding, cell parts and biological regulatory processes. Six DEMs, let-7k-5p, miR-132c-5p, miR-193a-5p, miR-202-5p, miR-383-5p and miR-6553-3p, were assessed by qRT-PCR, and the results were consistent with the results of miRNA-seq. Based on qRT-PCR and western blot verification, miR-383-5p and its putative target gene STRN3 were selected to construct an STRN3 3'-UTR dual-luciferase gene reporter vector and its mutant vector. The double luciferase reporter activity of the cotransfected STRN3-WT + miR-383-5p mimics group was significantly lower (by approximately 46%) than that of the other five groups (p < 0.01). There was no significant difference in luciferase activity among the other 5 groups. This study establishes a DEM profile during the process of cESC differentiation into male germ cells; illustrates the mechanisms by which miRNAs regulate target genes; provides a theoretical basis for further research on the mechanisms of the formation and regulation of male germ cells; and provides an important strategy for gene editing, animal genetic resource protection and transgenic animal production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gong Zhu Ling, China
| | - Haiguo Jin
- Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gong Zhu Ling, China
| | - Yang Lv
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gong Zhu Ling, China
| | - Xiaotong Luo
- Agricultural College, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Jianqiang Liu
- Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gong Zhu Ling, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gong Zhu Ling, China
| | - Yongsheng Yu
- Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gong Zhu Ling, China
| | - Zhongli Zhao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gong Zhu Ling, China
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Tanti GK, Pandey P, Shreya S, Jain BP. Striatin family proteins: The neglected scaffolds. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2023; 1870:119430. [PMID: 36638846 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The Striatin family of proteins constitutes Striatin, SG2NA, and Zinedin. Members of this family of proteins act as a signaling scaffold due to the presence of multiple protein-protein interaction domains. At least two members of this family, namely Zinedin and SG2NA, have a proven role in cancer cell proliferation. SG2NA, the second member of this family, undergoes alternative splicing and gives rise to several isoforms which are differentially regulated in a tissue-dependent manner. SG2NA evolved earlier than the other two members of the family, and SG2NA undergoes not only alternative splicing but also other posttranscriptional gene regulation. Striatin also undergoes alternative splicing, and as a result, it gives rise to multiple isoforms. It has been shown that this family of proteins plays a significant role in estrogen signaling, neuroprotection, cancer as well as in cell cycle regulation. Members of the striatin family form a complex network of signaling hubs with different kinases and phosphatases, and other signaling proteins named STRIPAK. Here, in the present manuscript, we thoroughly reviewed the findings on striatin family members to elaborate on the overall structural and functional idea of this family of proteins. We also commented on the involvement of these proteins in STRIPAK complexes and their functional relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goutam Kumar Tanti
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany.
| | - Prachi Pandey
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Smriti Shreya
- Department of Zoology, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar, India
| | - Buddhi Prakash Jain
- Department of Zoology, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar, India.
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Liu J, Liu B. CircTNPO3 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by sponging miR-199b-5p and regulating STRN expression. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2023; 39:221-233. [PMID: 36524450 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver tumor, which seriously threatens human health. CircTNPO3 was up-regulated in HCC tissues. However, the regulatory mechanism of circTNPO3 in HCC was still unclear. We aimed to investigate the circTNPO3 function in the development of HCC. qRT-PCR and Western blot examined gene and protein levels. CCK8, EdU, flow cytometry, and Transwell assays were used to detect cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion abilities. Dual-luciferase reporter and RIP assays determined the relationship between circTNPO3, miR-199b-5p, and striatin (STRN). The effect of CircTNPO3 on HCC progress was investigated in vivo. CircTNPO3 and STRN were significantly increased, while miR-199b-5p was repressed in HCC tissues or cells. Afterward, miR-199b-5p was negatively correlated with STRN. circTNPO3 was positively correlated with STRN. Knockdown of circTNPO3 inhibited cell viability, proliferation, invasion, and promoted apoptosis, while circTNPO3 overexpression had the opposite results. Furthermore, miR-199b-5p inhibition could eliminate the regulatory effect of sh-circTNPO3 on the proliferation and apoptosis in HCC cells. CircTNPO3 positively regulated STRN expression by targeting miR-199b-5p. MiR-199b-5p suppressed HCC progression by inhibiting STRN expression. Tumor formation in nude mice showed that knockdown of circTNPO3 significantly inhibited tumor growth and suppressed ki-67 levels. CircTNPO3 promoted HCC progression through regulating STRN expression by sponging miR-199b-5p, which provided a strategy for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Infection Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - BingJie Liu
- Department of Infection Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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Meyer D, Athota P, Gowen A, Nguyen NM, Schaal VL, Yelamanchili SV, Pendyala G. Effect of Combined Methamphetamine and Oxycodone Use on the Synaptic Proteome in an In Vitro Model of Polysubstance Use. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13101816. [PMID: 36292701 PMCID: PMC9601452 DOI: 10.3390/genes13101816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysubstance use (PSU) generally involves the simultaneous use of an opioid along with a stimulant. In recent years, this problem has escalated into a nationwide epidemic. Understanding the mechanisms and effects underlying the interaction between these drugs is essential for the development of treatments for those suffering from addiction. Currently, the effect of PSU on synapses-critical points of contact between neurons-remains poorly understood. Using an in vitro model of primary neurons, we examined the combined effects of the psychostimulant methamphetamine (METH) and the prescription opioid oxycodone (oxy) on the synaptic proteome using quantitative mass-spectrometry-based proteomics. A further ClueGO analysis and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) indicated the dysregulation of several molecular functions, biological processes, and pathways associated with neural plasticity and structural development. We identified one key synaptic protein, Striatin-1, which plays a vital role in many of these processes and functions, to be downregulated following METH+oxy treatment. This downregulation of Striatin-1 was further validated by Western blot. Overall, the present study indicates several damaging effects of the combined use of METH and oxy on neural function and warrants further detailed investigation into mechanisms contributing to synaptic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Meyer
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Pranavi Athota
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Austin Gowen
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Nghi M. Nguyen
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Anatomy; University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Victoria L. Schaal
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Sowmya V. Yelamanchili
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Anatomy; University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Gurudutt Pendyala
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Anatomy; University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- National Strategic Research Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Child Health Research Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-402-559-8690
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Niu F, Han P, Zhang J, She Y, Yang L, Yu J, Zhuang M, Tang K, Shi Y, Yang B, Liu C, Peng B, Ji SJ. The m 6A reader YTHDF2 is a negative regulator for dendrite development and maintenance of retinal ganglion cells. eLife 2022; 11:75827. [PMID: 35179492 PMCID: PMC8906807 DOI: 10.7554/elife.75827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The precise control of growth and maintenance of the retinal ganglion cell (RGC) dendrite arborization is critical for normal visual functions in mammals. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we find that the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) reader YTHDF2 is highly expressed in the mouse RGCs. Conditional knockout (cKO) of Ythdf2 in the retina leads to increased RGC dendrite branching, resulting in more synapses in the inner plexiform layer. Interestingly, the Ythdf2 cKO mice show improved visual acuity compared with control mice. We further demonstrate that Ythdf2 cKO in the retina protects RGCs from dendrite degeneration caused by the experimental acute glaucoma model. We identify the m6A-modified YTHDF2 target transcripts which mediate these effects. This study reveals mechanisms by which YTHDF2 restricts RGC dendrite development and maintenance. YTHDF2 and its target mRNAs might be valuable in developing new treatment approaches for glaucomatous eyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fugui Niu
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peng Han
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuanchu She
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lixin Yang
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mengru Zhuang
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kezhen Tang
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuwei Shi
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Baisheng Yang
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chunqiao Liu
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng-Jian Ji
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
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7
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Groth A, Schmitt K, Valerius O, Herzog B, Pöggeler S. Analysis of the Putative Nucleoporin POM33 in the Filamentous Fungus Sordaria macrospora. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7090682. [PMID: 34575720 PMCID: PMC8468769 DOI: 10.3390/jof7090682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the filamentous fungus Sordaria macrospora (Sm), the STRIPAK complex is required for vegetative growth, fruiting-body development and hyphal fusion. The SmSTRIPAK core consists of the striatin homolog PRO11, the scaffolding subunit of phosphatase PP2A, SmPP2AA, and its catalytic subunit SmPP2Ac1. Among other STRIPAK proteins, the recently identified coiled-coil protein SCI1 was demonstrated to co-localize around the nucleus. Pulldown experiments with SCI identified the transmembrane nucleoporin (TM Nup) SmPOM33 as a potential nuclear-anchor of SmSTRIPAK. Localization studies revealed that SmPOM33 partially localizes to the nuclear envelope (NE), but mainly to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). We succeeded to generate a Δpom33 deletion mutant by homologous recombination in a new S. macrospora Δku80 recipient strain, which is defective in non-homologous end joining. Deletion of Smpom33 did neither impair vegetative growth nor sexual development. In pulldown experiments of SmPOM33 followed by LC/MS analysis, ER-membrane proteins involved in ER morphology, protein translocation, glycosylation, sterol biosynthesis and Ca2+-transport were significantly enriched. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD026253. Although no SmSTRIPAK components were identified as putative interaction partners, it cannot be excluded that SmPOM33 is involved in temporarily anchoring the SmSTRIPAK to the NE or other sites in the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Groth
- Department of Genetics of Eukaryotic Microorganisms, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Grisebachstr. 8, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; (A.G.); (B.H.)
| | - Kerstin Schmitt
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Genetics, Service Unit LCMS Protein Analytics, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Grisebachstr. 8, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; (K.S.); (O.V.)
| | - Oliver Valerius
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Genetics, Service Unit LCMS Protein Analytics, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Grisebachstr. 8, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; (K.S.); (O.V.)
| | - Britta Herzog
- Department of Genetics of Eukaryotic Microorganisms, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Grisebachstr. 8, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; (A.G.); (B.H.)
| | - Stefanie Pöggeler
- Department of Genetics of Eukaryotic Microorganisms, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Grisebachstr. 8, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; (A.G.); (B.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-551-391-3930
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Sandal P, Jong CJ, Merrill RA, Song J, Strack S. Protein phosphatase 2A - structure, function and role in neurodevelopmental disorders. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:270819. [PMID: 34228795 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.248187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including intellectual disability (ID), autism and schizophrenia, have high socioeconomic impact, yet poorly understood etiologies. A recent surge of large-scale genome or exome sequencing studies has identified a multitude of mostly de novo mutations in subunits of the protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) holoenzyme that are strongly associated with NDDs. PP2A is responsible for at least 50% of total Ser/Thr dephosphorylation in most cell types and is predominantly found as trimeric holoenzymes composed of catalytic (C), scaffolding (A) and variable regulatory (B) subunits. PP2A can exist in nearly 100 different subunit combinations in mammalian cells, dictating distinct localizations, substrates and regulatory mechanisms. PP2A is well established as a regulator of cell division, growth, and differentiation, and the roles of PP2A in cancer and various neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, have been reviewed in detail. This Review summarizes and discusses recent reports on NDDs associated with mutations of PP2A subunits and PP2A-associated proteins. We also discuss the potential impact of these mutations on the structure and function of the PP2A holoenzymes and the etiology of NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Sandal
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, and Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Chian Ju Jong
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, and Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Ronald A Merrill
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, and Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Jianing Song
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, and Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Stefan Strack
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, and Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
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Antifungal activity of dendritic cell lysosomal proteins against Cryptococcus neoformans. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13619. [PMID: 34193926 PMCID: PMC8245489 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92991-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening disease among immune compromised individuals that is caused by the opportunistic fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans. Previous studies have shown that the fungus is phagocytosed by dendritic cells (DCs) and trafficked to the lysosome where it is killed by both oxidative and non-oxidative mechanisms. While certain molecules from the lysosome are known to kill or inhibit the growth of C. neoformans, the lysosome is an organelle containing many different proteins and enzymes that are designed to degrade phagocytosed material. We hypothesized that multiple lysosomal components, including cysteine proteases and antimicrobial peptides, could inhibit the growth of C. neoformans. Our study identified the contents of the DC lysosome and examined the anti-cryptococcal properties of different proteins found within the lysosome. Results showed several DC lysosomal proteins affected the growth of C. neoformans in vitro. The proteins that killed or inhibited the fungus did so in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the concentration of protein needed for cryptococcal inhibition was found to be non-cytotoxic to mammalian cells. These data show that many DC lysosomal proteins have antifungal activity and have potential as immune-based therapeutics.
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Long-term antibiotic use during early life and risks to mental traits: an observational study and gene-environment-wide interaction study in UK Biobank cohort. Neuropsychopharmacology 2021; 46:1086-1092. [PMID: 32801349 PMCID: PMC8115166 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-020-00798-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The relationships between long-term antibiotic use during early life and mental traits remain elusive now. A total of 158,444 subjects from UK Biobank were used in this study. Linear regression analyses were first conducted to assess the correlations between long-term antibiotic use during early life and mental traits. Gene-environment-wide interaction study (GEWIS) was then performed by PLINK2.0 to detect the interaction effects between long-term antibiotic use during early life and genes on the risks of mental traits. Finally, DAVID tool was used to conduct gene ontology (GO) analysis of the identified genes interacting with long-term antibiotic use during early life. We found negative associations of long-term antibiotic use during early life with remembrance (p value=1.74 × 10-6, b = -0.10) and intelligence (p value=2.64 × 10-26, b = -0.13), and positive associations of long-term antibiotic use during early life with anxiety (p value = 2.75 × 10-47, b = 0.12) and depression (p value=2.01 × 10-195, b = 0.25). GEWIS identified multiple significant genes-long-term antibiotic use during early life interaction effects, such as ANK3 (rs773585997, p value = 1.78 × 10-8) for anxiety and STRN (rs140049205, p value = 1.88 × 10-8) for depression. GO enrichment analysis detected six GO terms enriched in the identified genes interacting with long-term antibiotic use during early life for anxiety, such as GO:0030425~dendrite (p value = 3.41 × 10-2) and GO:0005886~plasma membrane (p value = 3.64 × 10-3). Our study results suggest the impact of long-term antibiotic use during early life on the development of mental traits.
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11
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Zhang S, Dong Y, Qiang R, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Chen Y, Jiang P, Ma X, Wu L, Ai J, Gao X, Wang P, Chen J, Chai R. Characterization of Strip1 Expression in Mouse Cochlear Hair Cells. Front Genet 2021; 12:625867. [PMID: 33889175 PMCID: PMC8056008 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.625867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Striatin-interacting protein 1 (Strip1) is a core component of the striatin interacting phosphatase and kinase (STRIPAK) complex, which is involved in embryogenesis and development, circadian rhythms, type 2 diabetes, and cancer progression. However, the expression and role of Strip1 in the mammalian cochlea remains unclear. Here we studied the expression and function of Strip1 in the mouse cochlea by using Strip1 knockout mice. We first found that the mRNA and protein expression of Strip1 increases as mice age starting from postnatal day (P) 3 and reaches its highest expression level at P30 and that the expression of Strip1 can be detected by immunofluorescent staining starting from P14 only in cochlear HCs, and not in supporting cells (SCs). Next, we crossed Strip1 heterozygous knockout (Strip +/−) mice to obtain Strip1 homozygous knockout (Strip1−/−) mice for studying the role of Strip1 in cochlear HCs. However, no Strip1−/− mice were obtained and the ratio of Strip +/− to Strip1+/+ mice per litter was about 2:1, which suggested that homozygous Strip1 knockout is embryonic lethal. We measured hearing function and counted the HC number in P30 and P60 Strip +/− mice and found that they had normal hearing ability and HC numbers compared to Strip1+/+ mice. Our study suggested that Strip1 probably play important roles in HC development and maturation, which needs further study in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruiying Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yin Chen
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Pei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangyu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Leilei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingru Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xia Gao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Pengjun Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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12
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Zhang Y, Gu X, Jiang F, Sun P, Li X. Altered expression of striatin-4 is associated with poor prognosis in bladder transitional cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:331. [PMID: 33692863 PMCID: PMC7933759 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Striatin-4 (STRN4 or Zinedin) is a scaffolding protein belonging to the mammalian STRN family of proteins and consists of multiple functional signaling domains. Due to its numerous signaling complexes, STRN4 has been reported to be involved in the tumorigenesis of various cancer types, including colon cancer, liver cancer and prostate cancer. However, few studies on STRN4 have been conducted in bladder cancer, and its prognostic role in bladder cancer remains unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the expression levels of STRN4 in bladder transitional cell carcinoma and evaluate the prognostic role of STRN4. STRN4 expression in clinical specimens was analyzed using immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. It was demonstrated that STRN4 expression was significantly associated with clinical parameters such as tumor size, muscle invasion depth and pathological tumor grade. Abnormal STRN4 expression was typically associated with worse overall survival time and outcome when compared with the low STRN4 expression group. Using multivariate analysis, it was reported that STRN4 was an independent prognostic biomarker for survival time in bladder transitional cell carcinoma. Although the specific biological mechanisms of STRN4 in bladder cancer still remain to be elucidated, STRN4 expression could be a prognostic indicator in bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Zhang
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Xinquan Gu
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Fuquan Jiang
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Pinghui Sun
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130015, P.R. China
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
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13
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Nadar-Ponniah PT, Taiber S, Caspi M, Koffler-Brill T, Dror AA, Siman-Tov R, Rubinstein M, Padmanabhan K, Luxenburg C, Lang RA, Avraham KB, Rosin-Arbesfeld R. Striatin Is Required for Hearing and Affects Inner Hair Cells and Ribbon Synapses. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:615. [PMID: 32766247 PMCID: PMC7381154 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Striatin, a subunit of the serine/threonine phosphatase PP2A, is a core member of the conserved striatin-interacting phosphatase and kinase (STRIPAK) complexes. The protein is expressed in the cell junctions between epithelial cells, which play a role in maintaining cell-cell adhesion. Since the cell junctions are crucial for the function of the mammalian inner ear, we examined the localization and function of striatin in the mouse cochlea. Our results show that in neonatal mice, striatin is specifically expressed in the cell-cell junctions of the inner hair cells, the receptor cells in the mammalian cochlea. Auditory brainstem response measurements of striatin-deficient mice indicated a progressive, high-frequency hearing loss, suggesting that striatin is essential for normal hearing. Moreover, scanning electron micrographs of the organ of Corti revealed a moderate degeneration of the outer hair cells in the middle and basal regions, concordant with the high-frequency hearing loss. Additionally, striatin-deficient mice show aberrant ribbon synapse maturation. Loss of the outer hair cells, combined with the aberrant ribbon synapse distribution, may lead to the observed auditory impairment. Together, these results suggest a novel function for striatin in the mammalian auditory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prathamesh T. Nadar-Ponniah
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shahar Taiber
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Michal Caspi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tal Koffler-Brill
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Amiel A. Dror
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Ronen Siman-Tov
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Moran Rubinstein
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Goldschleger Eye Research Institute, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Krishnanand Padmanabhan
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Chen Luxenburg
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Richard A. Lang
- Visual Systems Group, Abrahamson Pediatric Eye Institute, Division of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Karen B. Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Rina Rosin-Arbesfeld
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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14
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Zareba-Koziol M, Bartkowiak-Kaczmarek A, Figiel I, Krzystyniak A, Wojtowicz T, Bijata M, Wlodarczyk J. Stress-induced Changes in the S-palmitoylation and S-nitrosylation of Synaptic Proteins. Mol Cell Proteomics 2019; 18:1916-1938. [PMID: 31311849 PMCID: PMC6773552 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra119.001581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The precise regulation of synaptic integrity is critical for neuronal network connectivity and proper brain function. Essential aspects of the activity and localization of synaptic proteins are regulated by posttranslational modifications. S-palmitoylation is a reversible covalent modification of the cysteine with palmitate. It modulates affinity of the protein for cell membranes and membranous compartments. Intracellular palmitoylation dynamics are regulated by crosstalk with other posttranslational modifications, such as S-nitrosylation. S-nitrosylation is a covalent modification of cysteine thiol by nitric oxide and can modulate protein functions. Therefore, simultaneous identification of endogenous site-specific proteomes of both cysteine modifications under certain biological conditions offers new insights into the regulation of functional pathways. Still unclear, however, are the ways in which this crosstalk is affected in brain pathology, such as stress-related disorders. Using a newly developed mass spectrometry-based approach Palmitoylation And Nitrosylation Interplay Monitoring (PANIMoni), we analyzed the endogenous S-palmitoylation and S-nitrosylation of postsynaptic density proteins at the level of specific single cysteine in a mouse model of chronic stress. Among a total of 813 S-PALM and 620 S-NO cysteine sites that were characterized on 465 and 360 proteins, respectively, we sought to identify those that were differentially affected by stress. Our data show involvement of S-palmitoylation and S-nitrosylation crosstalk in the regulation of 122 proteins including receptors, scaffolding proteins, regulatory proteins and cytoskeletal components. Our results suggest that atypical crosstalk between the S-palmitoylation and S-nitrosylation interplay of proteins involved in synaptic transmission, protein localization and regulation of synaptic plasticity might be one of the main events associated with chronic stress disorder, leading to destabilization in synaptic networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Zareba-Koziol
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Anna Bartkowiak-Kaczmarek
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Izabela Figiel
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Krzystyniak
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Wojtowicz
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Bijata
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Wlodarczyk
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
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15
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Nader M. The SLMAP/Striatin complex: An emerging regulator of normal and abnormal cardiac excitation-contraction coupling. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 858:172491. [PMID: 31233748 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The excitation-contraction (E-C) module involves a harmonized correspondence between the sarcolemma and the sarcoplasmic reticulum. This is provided by membrane proteins, which primarily shape the caveolae, the T-tubule/Sarcoplasmic reticulum (TT/SR) junction, and the intercalated discs (ICDs). Distortion of either one of these structures impairs myocardial contraction, and subsequently translates into cardiac failure. Thus, detailed studies on the molecular cues of the E-C module are becoming increasingly necessary to pharmacologically eradicate cardiac failure Herein we reviewed the organization of caveolae, TT/SR junctions, and the ICDs in the heart, with special attention to the Sarcolemma Membrane Associated Protein (SLMAP) and striatin (STRN) in cardiac membranes biology and cardiomyocyte contraction. We emphasized on their in vivo and in vitro signaling in cardiac function/dysfunction. SLMAP is a cardiac membrane protein that plays an important role in E-C coupling and the adrenergic response of the heart. Similarly, STRN is a dynamic protein that is also involved in cardiac E-C coupling and ICD-related cardiomyopathies. Both SLMAP and STRN are linked to cardiac conditions, including heart failure, and their role in cardiomyocyte function was elucidated in our laboratory. They interact together in a protein complex that holds therapeutic potentials for cardiac dysfunction. This review is the first of its kind to conceptualize the role of the SLMAP/STRN complex in cardiac function and failure. It provides in depth information on the signaling of these two proteins and projects their interaction as a novel therapeutic target for cardiac failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moni Nader
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, 11533, P.O. Box 50927, Saudi Arabia; Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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16
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Assembly of a heptameric STRIPAK complex is required for coordination of light-dependent multicellular fungal development with secondary metabolism in Aspergillus nidulans. PLoS Genet 2019; 15:e1008053. [PMID: 30883543 PMCID: PMC6438568 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic striatin forms striatin-interacting phosphatase and kinase (STRIPAK) complexes that control many cellular processes including development, cellular transport, signal transduction, stem cell differentiation and cardiac functions. However, detailed knowledge of complex assembly and its roles in stress responses are currently poorly understood. Here, we discovered six striatin (StrA) interacting proteins (Sips), which form a heptameric complex in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans. The complex consists of the striatin scaffold StrA, the Mob3-type kinase coactivator SipA, the SIKE-like protein SipB, the STRIP1/2 homolog SipC, the SLMAP-related protein SipD and the catalytic and regulatory phosphatase 2A subunits SipE (PpgA), and SipF, respectively. Single and double deletions of the complex components result in loss of multicellular light-dependent fungal development, secondary metabolite production (e.g. mycotoxin Sterigmatocystin) and reduced stress responses. sipA (Mob3) deletion is epistatic to strA deletion by supressing all the defects caused by the lack of striatin. The STRIPAK complex, which is established during vegetative growth and maintained during the early hours of light and dark development, is mainly formed on the nuclear envelope in the presence of the scaffold StrA. The loss of the scaffold revealed three STRIPAK subcomplexes: (I) SipA only interacts with StrA, (II) SipB-SipD is found as a heterodimer, (III) SipC, SipE and SipF exist as a heterotrimeric complex. The STRIPAK complex is required for proper expression of the heterotrimeric VeA-VelB-LaeA complex which coordinates fungal development and secondary metabolism. Furthermore, the STRIPAK complex modulates two important MAPK pathways by promoting phosphorylation of MpkB and restricting nuclear shuttling of MpkC in the absence of stress conditions. SipB in A. nidulans is similar to human suppressor of IKK-ε(SIKE) protein which supresses antiviral responses in mammals, while velvet family proteins show strong similarity to mammalian proinflammatory NF-KB proteins. The presence of these proteins in A. nidulans further strengthens the hypothesis that mammals and fungi use similar proteins for their immune response and secondary metabolite production, respectively. The multisubunit STRIPAK complex has been studied from yeast to human and plays a range of roles from cell-cycle arrest, fruit body formation to neuronal functions. Molecular assembly of the STRIPAK complex and its roles in stress responses are not well-documented. Fungi, with an estimated 1.5 million members are friends and foes of mankind, acting as pathogens, natural product and enzyme producers. In filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans, we found a heptameric STRIPAK core complex made from three subcomplexes, which sits on the nuclear envelope and coordinates signal influx for light-dependent fungal development, secondary metabolism and stress responses. STRIPAK complex controls activities of two major Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways through either promoting their phosphorylation or limiting their nuclear localization under resting conditions. These findings establish a basis for how fungi govern signal influx by using multimeric scaffold protein complexes on the nuclear envelope to control different downstream pathways.
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17
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Treadmill exercise ameliorates focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion-induced neurological deficit by promoting dendritic modification and synaptic plasticity via upregulating caveolin-1/VEGF signaling pathways. Exp Neurol 2019; 313:60-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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18
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Lahav-Ariel L, Caspi M, Nadar-Ponniah PT, Zelikson N, Hofmann I, Hanson KK, Franke WW, Sklan EH, Avraham KB, Rosin-Arbesfeld R. Striatin is a novel modulator of cell adhesion. FASEB J 2018; 33:4729-4740. [PMID: 30592649 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801882r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The adherens junctions (AJs) and tight junctions (TJs) provide critical adhesive contacts between neighboring epithelial cells and are crucial for epithelial adhesion, integrity, and barrier functions in a wide variety of tissues and organisms. The striatin protein family, which are part of the striatin interaction phosphatases and kinases complex, are multidomain scaffolding proteins that play important biologic roles. We have previously shown that striatin colocalizes with the tumor suppressor protein adenomatous polyposis coli in the TJs of epithelial cells. Here we show that striatin affects junction integrity and cell migration, probably through a mechanism that involves the adhesion molecule E-cadherin. Cells engaged in cell-cell adhesion expressed a high MW-modified form of striatin that forms stable associations with detergent-insoluble, membrane-bound cellular fractions. In addition, striatin has recently been suggested to be a target of the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases Tankyrase 1, and we have found that striatin interacts with Tankyrase 1 and is subsequently poly-ADP-ribosylated. Taken together, our results suggest that striatin is a novel cell-cell junctional protein that functions to maintain correct cell adhesion and may have a role in establishing the relationship between AJs and TJs that is fundamental for epithelial cell-cell adhesion.-Lahav-Ariel, L., Caspi, M., Nadar-Ponniah, P. T., Zelikson, N., Hofmann, I., Hanson, K. K., Franke, W. W., Sklan, E. H., Avraham, K. B., Rosin-Arbesfeld, R. Striatin is a novel modulator of cell adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lital Lahav-Ariel
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Michal Caspi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Prathamesh T Nadar-Ponniah
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Natalie Zelikson
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ilse Hofmann
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, Center for Molecular Biology-German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ-ZMBH) Alliance, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Vascular Biology and Tumor Angiogenesis (CBTM), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kirsten K Hanson
- Department of Biology and South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA; and
| | - Werner W Franke
- Helmholtz Group for Cell Biology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ella H Sklan
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Rina Rosin-Arbesfeld
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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19
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Murcia Pienkowski V, Kucharczyk M, Młynek M, Szczałuba K, Rydzanicz M, Poszewiecka B, Skórka A, Sykulski M, Biernacka A, Koppolu AA, Posmyk R, Walczak A, Kosińska J, Krajewski P, Castaneda J, Obersztyn E, Jurkiewicz E, Śmigiel R, Gambin A, Chrzanowska K, Krajewska-Walasek M, Płoski R. Mapping of breakpoints in balanced chromosomal translocations by shallow whole-genome sequencing points to EFNA5, BAHD1 and PPP2R5E as novel candidates for genes causing human Mendelian disorders. J Med Genet 2018; 56:104-112. [PMID: 30352868 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2018-105527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mapping the breakpoints in de novo balanced chromosomal translocations (BCT) in symptomatic individuals provides a unique opportunity to identify in an unbiased way the likely causative genetic defect and thus find novel human disease candidate genes. Our aim was to fine-map breakpoints of de novo BCTs in a case series of nine patients. METHODS Shallow whole-genome mate pair sequencing (SGMPS) together with long-range PCR and Sanger sequencing. In one case (BCT disrupting BAHD1 and RET) cDNA analysis was used to verify expression of a fusion transcript in cultured fibroblasts. RESULTS In all nine probands 11 disrupted genes were found, that is, EFNA5, EBF3, LARGE, PPP2R5E, TXNDC5, ZNF423, NIPBL, BAHD1, RET, TRPS1 and SLC4A10. Five subjects had translocations that disrupted genes with so far unknown (EFNA5, BAHD1, PPP2R5E, TXNDC5) or poorly delineated impact on the phenotype (SLC4A10, two previous reports of BCT disrupting the gene). The four genes with no previous disease associations (EFNA5, BAHD1, PPP2R5E, TXNDC5), when compared with all human genes by a bootstrap test, had significantly higher pLI (p<0.017) and DOMINO (p<0.02) scores indicating enrichment in genes likely to be intolerant to single copy damage. Inspection of individual pLI and DOMINO scores, and local topologically associating domain structure suggested that EFNA5, BAHD1 and PPP2R5E were particularly good candidates for novel disease loci. The pathomechanism for BAHD1 may involve deregulation of expression due to fusion with RET promoter. CONCLUSION SGMPS in symptomatic carriers of BCTs is a powerful approach to delineate novel human gene-disease associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Murcia Pienkowski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marzena Kucharczyk
- Department of Medical Genetics, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marlena Młynek
- Department of Medical Genetics, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Szczałuba
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Barbara Poszewiecka
- Faculty of Mathematics, Informatics and Mechanics, Institute of Informatics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Skórka
- Department of Medical Genetics, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Sykulski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,genXone, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Biernacka
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Anna Koppolu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Renata Posmyk
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Podlaskie Medical Center, Bialystok, Poland.,Department of Perinatology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Anna Walczak
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Kosińska
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Krajewski
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jennifer Castaneda
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Obersztyn
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Jurkiewicz
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Robert Śmigiel
- Department of Pediatrics and Rare Disorder, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Gambin
- Faculty of Mathematics, Informatics and Mechanics, Institute of Informatics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krystyna Chrzanowska
- Department of Medical Genetics, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Rafał Płoski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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20
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Liu XD, Zhu XN, Halford MM, Xu TL, Henkemeyer M, Xu NJ. Retrograde regulation of mossy fiber axon targeting and terminal maturation via postsynaptic Lnx1. J Cell Biol 2018; 217:4007-4024. [PMID: 30185604 PMCID: PMC6219728 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201803105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Synapse formation relies on the coordination of dynamic pre- and postsynaptic structures during brain development. Liu et al. reveal that presynaptic terminal maturation of mossy fiber axons is retrogradely regulated by postsynaptic scaffold protein Lnx1 via stabilizing EphB receptor kinases. Neuronal connections are initiated by axon targeting to form synapses. However, how the maturation of axon terminals is modulated through interacting with postsynaptic elements remains elusive. In this study, we find that ligand of Numb protein X 1 (Lnx1), a postsynaptic PDZ protein expressed in hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons, is essential for mossy fiber (MF) axon targeting during the postnatal period. Lnx1 deletion causes defective synaptic arrangement that leads to aberrant presynaptic terminals. We further identify EphB receptors as novel Lnx1-binding proteins to form a multiprotein complex that is stabilized on the CA3 neuron membrane through preventing proteasome activity. EphB1 and EphB2 are independently required to transduce distinct signals controlling MF pruning and targeting for precise DG-CA3 synapse formation. Furthermore, constitutively active EphB2 kinase rescues structure of the wired MF terminals in Lnx1 mutant mice. Our data thus define a retrograde trans-synaptic regulation required for integration of post- and presynaptic structure that participates in building hippocampal neural circuits during the adolescence period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Dong Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Na Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Michael M Halford
- Department of Neuroscience, Kent Waldrep Center for Basic Research on Nerve Growth and Regeneration, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Tian-Le Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mark Henkemeyer
- Department of Neuroscience, Kent Waldrep Center for Basic Research on Nerve Growth and Regeneration, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Nan-Jie Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai China
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21
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Zheng S, Sun P, Liu H, Li R, Long L, Xu Y, Chen S, Xu J. 17β-estradiol upregulates striatin protein levels via Akt pathway in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202500. [PMID: 30138337 PMCID: PMC6107185 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
17β-estradiol (E2) has been shown to have beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system. We previously demonstrated that E2 increases striatin levels and inhibits migration in vascular smooth muscle cells. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of E2 on the regulation of striatin expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). We demonstrated that E2 increased striatin protein expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner in HUVECs. Pretreatment with ICI 182780 or the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase inhibitor, wortmannin, abolished E2-mediated upregulation of striatin protein expression. Treatment with E2 resulted in Akt phosphorylation in a time-dependent manner. Moreover, silencing striatin significantly inhibited HUVEC migration, while striatin overexpression significantly promoted HUVEC migration. Finally, E2 enhanced HUVEC migration, which was inhibited by silencing striatin. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that E2-mediated upregulation of striatin promotes cell migration in HUVECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhui Zheng
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haimei Liu
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou, China
| | - Runmei Li
- School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingli Long
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yuxia Xu
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Suiqing Chen
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinwen Xu
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail:
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22
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Soni S, Jain BP, Gupta R, Dharavath S, Kar K, Komath SS, Goswami SK. Biophysical Characterization of SG2NA Variants and their Interaction with DJ-1 and Calmodulin in vitro. Cell Biochem Biophys 2018; 76:451-461. [PMID: 30132185 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-018-0854-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
SG2NA was first discovered as nuclear autoantigen in lung and bladder cancer patient. It was named SG2NA as its expression increases during S to G2 phase of cell cycle. SG2NA/Striatin3 was classified as a member of Striatin family along with Straitin and Zinedin due to its structural and functional relatedness. At the molecular level, SG2NA is characterized by the presence of multiple protein-protein interaction domains viz., a caveolin binding motif, a coiled coil structure, Ca2+-calmodulin binding domain and a large WD-40 repeat domain in the same order from amino to the carboxyl termini. Analysis of secondary structures of 87 and 78 kDa SG2NA isoforms showed characteristic combinations of α-helix, β-structure, β-turns and random coil; suggesting of effective refolding after denaturation. This study for the first time establishes the structural differences between the two prevalent isoforms of SG2NA. Recently we observed that DJ-1 interacts with variants of SG2NA both in vitro and in vivo. The SG2NA isoforms purified from inclusion bodies showed the different secondary structure conformations, stability and interaction pattern for their interacting partners (DJ-1 and calmodulin) which imparts functional diversity of SG2NA. The SG2NA isoforms showed significant differential binding affinity to DJ-1 and Calmodulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Soni
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.,Department of Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, 462022, India
| | - Buddhi Prakash Jain
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.,Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi Central University Bihar, Motihari, 845401, India
| | - Richa Gupta
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Sudhaker Dharavath
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Karunakar Kar
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Sneha Sudha Komath
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Shyamal K Goswami
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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23
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Joensuu M, Lanoue V, Hotulainen P. Dendritic spine actin cytoskeleton in autism spectrum disorder. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 84:362-381. [PMID: 28870634 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic spines are small actin-rich protrusions from neuronal dendrites that form the postsynaptic part of most excitatory synapses. Changes in the shape and size of dendritic spines correlate with the functional changes in excitatory synapses and are heavily dependent on the remodeling of the underlying actin cytoskeleton. Recent evidence implicates synapses at dendritic spines as important substrates of pathogenesis in neuropsychiatric disorders, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Although synaptic perturbations are not the only alterations relevant for these diseases, understanding the molecular underpinnings of the spine and synapse pathology may provide insight into their etiologies and could reveal new drug targets. In this review, we will discuss recent findings of defective actin regulation in dendritic spines associated with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merja Joensuu
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia; Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Vanessa Lanoue
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia; Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Pirta Hotulainen
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.
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24
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Li D, Musante V, Zhou W, Picciotto MR, Nairn AC. Striatin-1 is a B subunit of protein phosphatase PP2A that regulates dendritic arborization and spine development in striatal neurons. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:11179-11194. [PMID: 29802198 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.001519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Striatin-1, a subunit of the serine/threonine phosphatase PP2A, is preferentially expressed in neurons in the striatum. As a member of the striatin family of B subunits, striatin-1 is a core component together with PP2A of a multiprotein complex called STRIPAK, the striatin-interacting phosphatase and kinase complex. Little is known about the function of striatin-1 or the STRIPAK complex in the mammalian striatum. Here, we identify a selective role for striatin-1 in striatal neuron maturation. Using a small hairpin RNA (shRNA) knockdown approach in primary striatal neuronal cultures, we determined that reduced expression of striatin-1 results in increased dendritic complexity and an increased density of dendritic spines, classified as stubby spines. The dendritic phenotype was rescued by co-expression of a striatin-1 mutant construct insensitive to the knockdown shRNA but was not rescued by co-expression of PP2A- or Mob3-binding deficient striatin-1 constructs. Reduction of striatin-1 did not result in deficits in neuronal connectivity in this knockdown model, as we observed no abnormalities in synapse formation or in spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents. Thus, this study suggests that striatin-1 is a regulator of neuronal development in striatal neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Li
- From the Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Veronica Musante
- From the Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Wenliang Zhou
- From the Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Marina R Picciotto
- From the Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Angus C Nairn
- From the Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
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25
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Zhang H, Mukherjee M, Kim J, Yu W, Shim W. Fsr1, a striatin homologue, forms an endomembrane-associated complex that regulates virulence in the maize pathogen Fusarium verticillioides. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2018; 19:812-826. [PMID: 28467007 PMCID: PMC6638083 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Fsr1, a homologue of mammalian striatin, containing multiple protein-binding domains and a coiled-coil (CC) domain, is critical for Fusarium verticillioides virulence. In mammals, striatin interacts with multiple proteins to form a STRIPAK (striatin-interacting phosphatase and kinase) complex that regulates a variety of developmental processes and cellular mechanisms. In this study, we identified the homologue of a key mammalian STRIPAK component STRIP1/2 (striatin-interacting proteins 1 and 2) in F. verticillioides, FvStp1, which interacts with Fsr1 in vivo. Gene deletion analysis indicates that FvStp1 is critical for F. verticillioides stalk rot virulence. In addition, we identified three proteins, designated FvCyp1, FvScp1 and FvSel1, which interact with the Fsr1 CC domain via a yeast two-hybrid screen. Importantly, FvCyp1, FvScp1 and FvSel1 co-localize to endomembrane structures, each having a preferred localization in the cell, and they are all required for F. verticillioides stalk rot virulence. Moreover, these proteins are necessary for the correct localization of Fsr1 to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and nuclear envelope. Thus, we identified several novel components in the STRIPAK complex that regulates F. verticillioides virulence, and propose that the correct organization and localization of Fsr1 are critical for STRIPAK complex function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology & MicrobiologyTexas A&M University, College StationTX 77843‐2132USA
| | - Mala Mukherjee
- Department of Plant Pathology & MicrobiologyTexas A&M University, College StationTX 77843‐2132USA
| | - Jung‐Eun Kim
- Department of Plant Pathology & MicrobiologyTexas A&M University, College StationTX 77843‐2132USA
| | - Wenying Yu
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China
| | - Won‐Bo Shim
- Department of Plant Pathology & MicrobiologyTexas A&M University, College StationTX 77843‐2132USA
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26
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Caveolin1 Identifies a Specific Subpopulation of Cerebral Cortex Callosal Projection Neurons (CPN) Including Dual Projecting Cortical Callosal/Frontal Projection Neurons (CPN/FPN). eNeuro 2018; 5:eN-NWR-0234-17. [PMID: 29379878 PMCID: PMC5780842 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0234-17.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The neocortex is composed of many distinct subtypes of neurons that must form precise subtype-specific connections to enable the cortex to perform complex functions. Callosal projection neurons (CPN) are the broad population of commissural neurons that connect the cerebral hemispheres via the corpus callosum (CC). Currently, how the remarkable diversity of CPN subtypes and connectivity is specified, and how they differentiate to form highly precise and specific circuits, are largely unknown. We identify in mouse that the lipid-bound scaffolding domain protein Caveolin 1 (CAV1) is specifically expressed by a unique subpopulation of Layer V CPN that maintain dual ipsilateral frontal projections to premotor cortex. CAV1 is expressed by over 80% of these dual projecting callosal/frontal projection neurons (CPN/FPN), with expression peaking early postnatally as axonal and dendritic targets are being reached and refined. CAV1 is localized to the soma and dendrites of CPN/FPN, a unique population of neurons that shares information both between hemispheres and with premotor cortex, suggesting function during postmitotic development and refinement of these neurons, rather than in their specification. Consistent with this, we find that Cav1 function is not necessary for the early specification of CPN/FPN, or for projecting to their dual axonal targets. CPN subtype-specific expression of Cav1 identifies and characterizes a first molecular component that distinguishes this functionally unique projection neuron population, a population that expands in primates, and is prototypical of additional dual and higher-order projection neuron subtypes.
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27
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Villalobo A, Ishida H, Vogel HJ, Berchtold MW. Calmodulin as a protein linker and a regulator of adaptor/scaffold proteins. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017; 1865:507-521. [PMID: 29247668 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Calmodulin (CaM) is a universal regulator for a huge number of proteins in all eukaryotic cells. Best known is its function as a calcium-dependent modulator of the activity of enzymes, such as protein kinases and phosphatases, as well as other signaling proteins including membrane receptors, channels and structural proteins. However, less well known is the fact that CaM can also function as a Ca2+-dependent adaptor protein, either by bridging between different domains of the same protein or by linking two identical or different target proteins together. These activities are possible due to the fact that CaM contains two independently-folded Ca2+ binding lobes that are able to interact differentially and to some degree separately with targets proteins. In addition, CaM can interact with and regulates several proteins that function exclusively as adaptors. This review provides an overview over our present knowledge concerning the structural and functional aspects of the role of CaM as an adaptor protein and as a regulator of known adaptor/scaffold proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Villalobo
- Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Arturo Duperier 4, E-28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Hiroaki Ishida
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. N.W., Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Hans J Vogel
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. N.W., Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada.
| | - Martin W Berchtold
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 13 Universitetsparken, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
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28
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Jain BP, Pandey S, Saleem N, Tanti GK, Mishra S, Goswami SK. SG2NA is a regulator of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis as its depletion leads to ER stress. Cell Stress Chaperones 2017; 22:853-866. [PMID: 28634818 PMCID: PMC5655373 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-017-0816-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
SG2NA belongs to a three-member striatin subfamily of WD40 repeat superfamily of proteins. It has multiple protein-protein interaction domains involved in assembling supramolecular signaling complexes. Earlier, we had demonstrated that there are at least five variants of SG2NA generated by alternative splicing, intron retention, and RNA editing. Such versatile and dynamic mode of regulation implicates it in tissue development. In order to shed light on its role in cell physiology, total proteome analysis was performed in NIH3T3 cells depleted of 78 kDa SG2NA, the only isoform expressing therein. A number of ER stress markers were among those modulated after knockdown of SG2NA. In cells treated with the ER stressors thapsigargin and tunicamycin, expression of SG2NA was increased at both mRNA and protein levels. The increased level of SG2NA was primarily in the mitochondria and the microsomes. A mouse injected with thapsigargin also had an increase in SG2NA in the liver but not in the brain. Cell cycle analysis suggested that while loss of SG2NA reduces the level of cyclin D1 and retains a population of cells in the G1 phase, concurrent ER stress facilitates their exit from G1 and traverse through subsequent phases with concomitant cell death. Thus, SG2NA is a component of intrinsic regulatory pathways that maintains ER homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buddhi Prakash Jain
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi, 110067, India
- Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi Central University Bihar, Motihari, 845401, India
| | - Shweta Pandey
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Nikhat Saleem
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Goutam K Tanti
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi, 110067, India
- Neuro-Kopf-Zentrum, Department of Neurology, Klinikumrechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str.22, 81675, Muenchen, Germany
| | - Shalini Mishra
- Peptide and Proteomics Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences (DIPAS), DRDO, New Delhi, -110054, India
| | - Shyamal K Goswami
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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29
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Pandey S, Talukdar I, Jain BP, Tanti GK, Goswami SK. GSK3β and ERK regulate the expression of 78 kDa SG2NA and ectopic modulation of its level affects phases of cell cycle. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7555. [PMID: 28790387 PMCID: PMC5548716 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08085-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Striatin and SG2NA are essential constituents of the multi-protein STRIPAK assembly harbouring protein phosphatase PP2A and several kinases. SG2NA has several isoforms generated by mRNA splicing and editing. While the expression of striatin is largely restricted to the striatum in brain, that of SG2NAs is ubiquitous. In NIH3T3 cells, only the 78 kDa isoform is expressed. When cells enter into the S phase, the level of SG2NA increases; reaches maximum at the G2/M phase and declines thereafter. Downregulation of SG2NA extends G1 phase and its overexpression extends G2. Ectopic expression of the 35 kDa has no effects on the cell cycle. Relative abundance of phospho-SG2NA is high in the microsome and cytosol and the nucleus but low in the mitochondria. Okadoic acid, an inhibitor of PP2A, increases the level of SG2NA which is further enhanced upon inhibition of proteasomal activity. Phospho-SG2NA is thus more stable than the dephosphorylated form. Inhibition of GSK3β by LiCl reduces its level, but the inhibition of ERK by PD98059 increases it. Thus, ERK decreases the level of phospho-SG2NA by inhibiting GSK3β. In cells depleted from SG2NA by shRNA, the levels of pGSK3β and pERK are reduced, suggesting that these kinases and SG2NA regulate each other's expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Pandey
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, 110067, New Delhi, India
| | - Indrani Talukdar
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, 110067, New Delhi, India
| | - Buddhi P Jain
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, 110067, New Delhi, India.,Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, 845401, Bihar, India
| | - Goutam K Tanti
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, 110067, New Delhi, India.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Shyamal K Goswami
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, 110067, New Delhi, India.
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30
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Islam KT, Bond JP, Fakhoury AM. FvSTR1, a striatin orthologue in Fusarium virguliforme, is required for asexual development and virulence. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:6431-6445. [PMID: 28643182 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8387-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The soil-borne fungus Fusarium virguliforme causes sudden death syndrome (SDS), one of the most devastating diseases of soybean in North and South America. Despite the importance of SDS, a clear understanding of the fungal pathogenicity factors that affect the development of this disease is still lacking. We have identified FvSTR1, a F. virguliforme gene, which encodes a protein similar to a family of striatin proteins previously reported to regulate signalling pathways, cell differentiation, conidiation, sexual development, and virulence in filamentous fungi. Striatins are multi-domain proteins that serve as scaffolding units in the striatin-interacting phosphatase and kinase (STRIPAK) complex in fungi and animals. To address the function of a striatin homologue in F. virguliforme, FvSTR1 was disrupted and functionally characterized using a gene knock out strategy. The resulting Fvstr1 mutants were largely impaired in conidiation and pigmentation, and displayed defective conidia and conidiophore morphology compared to the wild-type and ectopic transformants. Greenhouse virulence assays revealed that the disruption of FvSTR1 resulted in complete loss of virulence in F. virguliforme. Microtome studies using fluorescence microscopy showed that the Fvstr1 mutants were defective in their ability to colonize the vascular system. The Fvstr1 mutants also showed a reduced transcript level of genes involved in asexual reproduction and in the production of secondary metabolites. These results suggest that FvSTR1 has a critical role in asexual development and virulence in F. virguliforme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazi T Islam
- Department of Plant, Soil and Agriculture Systems, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St Louis, MO, 63132, USA
| | - Jason P Bond
- Department of Plant, Soil and Agriculture Systems, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
| | - Ahmad M Fakhoury
- Department of Plant, Soil and Agriculture Systems, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA.
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31
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Hyodo T, Ito S, Asano-Inami E, Chen D, Senga T. A regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A, PPP2R5E, regulates the abundance of microtubule crosslinking factor 1. FEBS J 2017; 283:3662-3671. [PMID: 27521566 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 07/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic changes in microtubule organization are regulated by numerous microtubule-associating proteins and their post-translational modification. Microtubule crosslinking factor 1 (MTCL1) is a recently identified protein that regulates microtubule organization. To obtain further insight into its functions, we searched for proteins that associate with it using mass spectrometry analysis. We found that PPP2R5E, a regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A, interacted with MTCL1. Depletion of PPP2R5E reduced the abundance of MTCL1 abundance, whereas exogenous expression of PPP2R5E increased endogenous MTCL1. Furthermore, inhibition of phosphatase activity by okadaic acid reduced MTCL1, which was restored by the addition of the protease inhibitor MG132. Finally, we show that cells depleted of PPP2R5E and MTCL1 exhibited defects in microtubule organization. Our results suggest that the PPP2R5E phosphatase may contribute to microtubule organization by stabilizing MTCL1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshinori Hyodo
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Satoko Ito
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Eri Asano-Inami
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Collaborative Research, Bell Research Center, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Dan Chen
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takeshi Senga
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.
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32
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Abstract
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic disease leading to fibrotic scarring of the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts, causing considerable morbidity and mortality via the development of cholestatic liver cirrhosis, concurrent IBD and a high risk of bile duct cancer. Expectations have been high that genetic studies would determine key factors in PSC pathogenesis to support the development of effective medical therapies. Through the application of genome-wide association studies, a large number of disease susceptibility genes have been identified. The overall genetic architecture of PSC shares features with both autoimmune diseases and IBD. Strong human leukocyte antigen gene associations, along with several susceptibility genes that are critically involved in T-cell function, support the involvement of adaptive immune responses in disease pathogenesis, and position PSC as an autoimmune disease. In this Review, we survey the developments that have led to these gene discoveries. We also elaborate relevant interpretations of individual gene findings in the context of established disease models in PSC, and propose relevant translational research efforts to pursue novel insights.
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33
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Lin L, Lo LHY, Lyu Q, Lai KO. Determination of dendritic spine morphology by the striatin scaffold protein STRN4 through interaction with the phosphatase PP2A. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:9451-9464. [PMID: 28442576 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.772442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic spines are heterogeneous and exist with various morphologies. Altered spine morphology might underlie the cognitive deficits in neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism, but how different subtypes of dendritic spines are selectively maintained along development is still poorly understood. Spine maturation requires spontaneous activity of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor and local dendritic protein synthesis. STRN4 (also called zinedin) belongs to the striatin family of scaffold proteins, and some of the potential striatin-interacting proteins are encoded by autism risk genes. Although previous studies have demonstrated their localization in dendritic spines, the function of various striatin family members in the neuron remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that Strn4 mRNA is present in neuronal dendrites, and the local expression of STRN4 protein depends on NMDA receptor activation. Notably, STRN4 is preferentially expressed in mushroom spines, and STRN4 specifically maintains mushroom spines but not thin spines and filopodia through interaction with the phosphatase PP2A. Our findings have therefore unraveled the local expression of STRN4 as a novel mechanism for the control of dendritic spine morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kwok-On Lai
- From the School of Biomedical Sciences and .,State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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34
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Juraszek B, Nałęcz KA. Protein phosphatase PP2A - a novel interacting partner of carnitine transporter OCTN2 (SLC22A5) in rat astrocytes. J Neurochem 2016; 139:537-551. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Juraszek
- Laboratory of Transport through Biomembranes; Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology; Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences; Warsaw Poland
| | - Katarzyna A. Nałęcz
- Laboratory of Transport through Biomembranes; Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology; Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences; Warsaw Poland
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Cellular Stress and p53-Associated Apoptosis by Juniperus communis L. Berry Extract Treatment in the Human SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17071113. [PMID: 27420050 PMCID: PMC4964488 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17071113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant phenolics have shown to activate apoptotic cell death in different tumourigenic cell lines. In this study, we evaluated the effects of juniper berry extract (Juniperus communis L.) on p53 protein, gene expression and DNA fragmentation in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. In addition, we analyzed the phenolic composition of the extract. We found that juniper berry extract activated cellular relocalization of p53 and DNA fragmentation-dependent cell death. Differentially expressed genes between treated and non-treated cells were evaluated with the cDNA-RDA (representational difference analysis) method at the early time point of apoptotic process when p53 started to be activated and no caspase activity was detected. Twenty one overexpressed genes related to cellular stress, protein synthesis, cell survival and death were detected. Interestingly, they included endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inducer and sensor HSPA5 and other ER stress-related genes CALM2 and YKT6 indicating that ER stress response was involved in juniper berry extract mediated cell death. In composition analysis, we identified and quantified low concentrations of fifteen phenolic compounds. The main groups of them were flavones, flavonols, phenolic acids, flavanol and biflavonoid including glycosides of quercetin, apigenin, isoscutellarein and hypolaetin. It is suggested that juniper berry extract induced the p53-associated apoptosis through the potentiation and synergism by several phenolic compounds.
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36
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Niewiadomska-Cimicka A, Krzyżosiak A, Ye T, Podleśny-Drabiniok A, Dembélé D, Dollé P, Krężel W. Genome-wide Analysis of RARβ Transcriptional Targets in Mouse Striatum Links Retinoic Acid Signaling with Huntington's Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:3859-3878. [PMID: 27405468 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0010-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) signaling through retinoic acid receptors (RARs), known for its multiple developmental functions, emerged more recently as an important regulator of adult brain physiology. How RAR-mediated regulation is achieved is poorly known, partly due to the paucity of information on critical target genes in the brain. Also, it is not clear how reduced RA signaling may contribute to pathophysiology of diverse neuropsychiatric disorders. We report the first genome-wide analysis of RAR transcriptional targets in the brain. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by high-throughput sequencing and transcriptomic analysis of RARβ-null mutant mice, we identified genomic targets of RARβ in the striatum. Characterization of RARβ transcriptional targets in the mouse striatum points to mechanisms through which RAR may control brain functions and display neuroprotective activity. Namely, our data indicate with statistical significance (FDR 0.1) a strong contribution of RARβ in controlling neurotransmission, energy metabolism, and transcription, with a particular involvement of G-protein coupled receptor (p = 5.0e-5), cAMP (p = 4.5e-4), and calcium signaling (p = 3.4e-3). Many identified RARβ target genes related to these pathways have been implicated in Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's disease (HD), raising the possibility that compromised RA signaling in the striatum may be a mechanistic link explaining the similar affective and cognitive symptoms in these diseases. The RARβ transcriptional targets were particularly enriched for transcripts affected in HD. Using the R6/2 transgenic mouse model of HD, we show that partial sequestration of RARβ in huntingtin protein aggregates may account for reduced RA signaling reported in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Niewiadomska-Cimicka
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404, Illkirch Cedex, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Agnieszka Krzyżosiak
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404, Illkirch Cedex, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France.,MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, CB2 0QH, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tao Ye
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404, Illkirch Cedex, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Anna Podleśny-Drabiniok
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404, Illkirch Cedex, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Doulaye Dembélé
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404, Illkirch Cedex, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Pascal Dollé
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404, Illkirch Cedex, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Wojciech Krężel
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404, Illkirch Cedex, France. .,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France. .,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 964, Illkirch, France. .,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France. .,Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France.
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37
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Hu HT, Shih PY, Shih YT, Hsueh YP. The Involvement of Neuron-Specific Factors in Dendritic Spinogenesis: Molecular Regulation and Association with Neurological Disorders. Neural Plast 2015; 2016:5136286. [PMID: 26819769 PMCID: PMC4706964 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5136286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic spines are the location of excitatory synapses in the mammalian nervous system and are neuron-specific subcellular structures essential for neural circuitry and function. Dendritic spine morphology is determined by the F-actin cytoskeleton. F-actin remodeling must coordinate with different stages of dendritic spinogenesis, starting from dendritic filopodia formation to the filopodia-spines transition and dendritic spine maturation and maintenance. Hundreds of genes, including F-actin cytoskeleton regulators, membrane proteins, adaptor proteins, and signaling molecules, are known to be involved in regulating synapse formation. Many of these genes are not neuron-specific, but how they specifically control dendritic spine formation in neurons is an intriguing question. Here, we summarize how ubiquitously expressed genes, including syndecan-2, NF1 (encoding neurofibromin protein), VCP, and CASK, and the neuron-specific gene CTTNBP2 coordinate with neurotransmission, transsynaptic signaling, and cytoskeleton rearrangement to control dendritic filopodia formation, filopodia-spines transition, and dendritic spine maturation and maintenance. The aforementioned genes have been associated with neurological disorders, such as autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), mental retardation, learning difficulty, and frontotemporal dementia. We also summarize the corresponding disorders in this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Tang Hu
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Pu-Yun Shih
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tzu Shih
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Hsueh
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
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38
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Kück U, Beier AM, Teichert I. The composition and function of the striatin-interacting phosphatases and kinases (STRIPAK) complex in fungi. Fungal Genet Biol 2015; 90:31-38. [PMID: 26439752 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The striatin-interacting phosphatases and kinases (STRIPAK) complex is a highly conserved eukaryotic protein complex that was recently described for diverse animal and fungal species. Here, we summarize our current knowledge about the composition and function of the STRIPAK complex from the ascomycete Sordaria macrospora, which we discovered by investigating sexually sterile mutants (pro), having a defect in fruiting body development. Mass spectrometry and yeast two-hybrid analysis defined core subunits of the STRIPAK complex, which have structural homologs in animal and other fungal organisms. These subunits (and their mammalian homologs) are PRO11 (striatin), PRO22 (STRIP1/2), SmMOB3 (Mob3), PRO45 (SLMAP), and PP2AA, the structural, and PP2Ac, the catalytic subunits of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). Beside fruiting body formation, the STRIPAK complex controls vegetative growth and hyphal fusion in S. macrospora. Although the contribution of single subunits to diverse cellular and developmental processes is not yet fully understood, functional analysis has already shown that mammalian homologs are able to substitute the function of distinct fungal STRIPAK subunits. This underscores the view that fungal model organisms serve as useful tools to get a molecular insight into cellular and developmental processes of eukaryotes in general. Future work will unravel the precise localization of single subunits within the cell and decipher their STRIPAK-related and STRIPAK-independent functions. Finally, evidence is accumulating that there is a crosstalk between STRIPAK and various signaling pathways, suggesting that eukaryotic development is dependent on STRIPAK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Kück
- Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine und Molekulare Botanik, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Anna M Beier
- Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine und Molekulare Botanik, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Ines Teichert
- Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine und Molekulare Botanik, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany
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39
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Frey S, Reschka EJ, Pöggeler S. Germinal Center Kinases SmKIN3 and SmKIN24 Are Associated with the Sordaria macrospora Striatin-Interacting Phosphatase and Kinase (STRIPAK) Complex. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139163. [PMID: 26418262 PMCID: PMC4587736 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The striatin-interacting phosphatase and kinase (STRIPAK) complex is composed of striatin, protein phosphatase PP2A and protein kinases that regulate development in animals and fungi. In the filamentous ascomycete Sordaria macrospora, it is required for fruiting-body development and cell fusion. Here, we report on the presence and function of STRIPAK-associated kinases in ascomycetes. Using the mammalian germinal center kinases (GCKs) MST4, STK24, STK25 and MINK1 as query, we identified the two putative homologs SmKIN3 and SmKIN24 in S. macrospora. A BLASTP search revealed that both kinases are conserved among filamentous ascomycetes. The physical interaction of the striatin homolog PRO11 with SmKIN3 and SmKIN24 were verified by yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) interaction studies and for SmKIN3 by co-Immunoprecipitation (co-IP). In vivo localization found that both kinases were present at the septa and deletion of both Smkin3 and Smkin24 led to abnormal septum distribution. While deletion of Smkin3 caused larger distances between adjacent septa and increased aerial hyphae, deletion of Smkin24 led to closer spacing of septa and to sterility. Although phenotypically distinct, both kinases appear to function independently because the double-knockout strain ΔSmkin3/ΔSmkin24 displayed the combined phenotypes of each single-deletion strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Frey
- Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Genetics of Eukaryotic Microorganisms, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Eva J. Reschka
- Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Genetics of Eukaryotic Microorganisms, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Pöggeler
- Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Genetics of Eukaryotic Microorganisms, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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40
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Tanti GK, Pandey S, Goswami SK. SG2NA enhances cancer cell survival by stabilizing DJ-1 and thus activating Akt. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 463:524-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.05.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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41
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Curran J, Musa H, Kline CF, Makara MA, Little SC, Higgins JD, Hund TJ, Band H, Mohler PJ. Eps15 Homology Domain-containing Protein 3 Regulates Cardiac T-type Ca2+ Channel Targeting and Function in the Atria. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:12210-21. [PMID: 25825486 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.646893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Proper trafficking of membrane-bound ion channels and transporters is requisite for normal cardiac function. Endosome-based protein trafficking of membrane-bound ion channels and transporters in the heart is poorly understood, particularly in vivo. In fact, for select cardiac cell types such as atrial myocytes, virtually nothing is known regarding endosomal transport. We previously linked the C-terminal Eps15 homology domain-containing protein 3 (EHD3) with endosome-based protein trafficking in ventricular cardiomyocytes. Here we sought to define the roles and membrane protein targets for EHD3 in atria. We identify the voltage-gated T-type Ca(2+) channels (CaV3.1, CaV3.2) as substrates for EHD3-dependent trafficking in atria. Mice selectively lacking EHD3 in heart display reduced expression and targeting of both Cav3.1 and CaV3.2 in the atria. Furthermore, functional experiments identify a significant loss of T-type-mediated Ca(2+) current in EHD3-deficient atrial myocytes. Moreover, EHD3 associates with both CaV3.1 and CaV3.2 in co-immunoprecipitation experiments. T-type Ca(2+) channel function is critical for proper electrical conduction through the atria. Consistent with these roles, EHD3-deficient mice demonstrate heart rate variability, sinus pause, and atrioventricular conduction block. In summary, our findings identify CaV3.1 and CaV3.2 as substrates for EHD3-dependent protein trafficking in heart, provide in vivo data on endosome-based trafficking pathways in atria, and implicate EHD3 as a key player in the regulation of atrial myocyte excitability and cardiac conduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry Curran
- From the Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, the Departments of Physiology and Cell Biology,
| | - Hassan Musa
- From the Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, the Departments of Physiology and Cell Biology
| | - Crystal F Kline
- From the Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, the Departments of Physiology and Cell Biology
| | - Michael A Makara
- From the Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, the Departments of Physiology and Cell Biology
| | - Sean C Little
- From the Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, the Departments of Physiology and Cell Biology
| | - John D Higgins
- From the Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, the Departments of Physiology and Cell Biology
| | - Thomas J Hund
- From the Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Biomedical Engineering,The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio 43210 and
| | - Hamid Band
- The Eppley Institute and UNMC-Eppley Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198
| | - Peter J Mohler
- From the Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, the Departments of Physiology and Cell Biology, Medicine, and
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Franke WW, Rickelt S, Zimbelmann R, Dörflinger Y, Kuhn C, Frey N, Heid H, Rosin-Arbesfeld R. Striatins as plaque molecules of zonulae adhaerentes in simple epithelia, of tessellate junctions in stratified epithelia, of cardiac composite junctions and of various size classes of lateral adherens junctions in cultures of epithelia- and carcinoma-derived cells. Cell Tissue Res 2014; 359:779-97. [PMID: 25501894 PMCID: PMC4341017 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-014-2053-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Proteins of the striatin family (striatins 1–4; sizes ranging from 90 to 110 kDa on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) are highly homologous in their amino acid sequences but can differ in their cell-type-specific gene expression patterns and biological functions. In various cell types, we have found one, two or three polypeptides of this evolutionarily old and nearly ubiquitous family of proteins known to serve as scaffold proteins for diverse protein complexes. Light and electron microscopic immunolocalization methods have revealed striatins in mammalian cell-cell adherens junctions (AJs). In simple epithelia, we have localized striatins as constitutive components of the plaques of the subapical zonulae adhaerentes of cells, including intestinal, glandular, ductal and urothelial cells and hepatocytes. Striatins colocalize with E-cadherin or E–N-cadherin heterodimers and with the plaque proteins α- and β-catenin, p120 and p0071. In some epithelia and carcinomas and in cultured cells derived therefrom, striatins are also seen in lateral AJs. In stratified epithelia and in corresponding squamous cell carcinomas, striatins can be found in plaques of some forms of tessellate junctions. Moreover, striatins are major plaque proteins of composite junctions (CJs; areae compositae) in the intercalated disks connecting cardiomyocytes, colocalizing with other CJ molecules, including plectin and ankyrin-G. We discuss the “multimodulator” scaffold roles of striatins in the initiation and regulation of the formation of various complex particles and structures. We propose that striatins are included in the diagnostic candidate list of proteins that, in the CJs of human hearts, can occur in mutated forms in the pathogeneses of hereditary cardiomyopathies, as seen in some types of genetically determined heart damage in boxer dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner W Franke
- Helmholtz Group for Cell Biology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany,
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43
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Kaźmierczak-Barańska J, Pęczek Ł, Przygodzka P, Cieślak MJ. Downregulation of striatin leads to hyperphosphorylation of MAP2, induces depolymerization of microtubules and inhibits proliferation of HEK293T cells. FEBS Lett 2014; 589:222-30. [PMID: 25497017 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Microtubules are tubular polymers of α/β-tubulin that are involved in the maintenance of cell shape, motility, and intracellular transport and in the segregation of chromosomes during cell division. Microtubules are dynamic structures, and their assembly is regulated by phosphoproteins called microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). We propose that striatin, a protein belonging to the striatin family of proteins, is involved in regulation of microtubules. In HEK293T cells, striatin colocalizes with microtubules and stably associates with PP2Ac. Inhibition of striatin expression results in hyperphosphorylation of MAP2 and destabilizes microtubules. Striatin-induced destabilization of microtubules inhibited the proliferation of HEK293T cells and caused the accumulation of cells in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. These results suggest that the PP2A/striatin complex modulates microtubule dynamics by regulating MAP2 phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Kaźmierczak-Barańska
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, 112 Sienkiewicza St., 90-363 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Łukasz Pęczek
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, 112 Sienkiewicza St., 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Patrycja Przygodzka
- Institute for Medical Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 106 Lodowa St., 93-232 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Marcin J Cieślak
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, 112 Sienkiewicza St., 90-363 Lodz, Poland.
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44
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Tissue specific expression of SG2NA is regulated by differential splicing, RNA editing and differential polyadenylation. Gene 2014; 556:119-26. [PMID: 25459749 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
SG2NA belongs to a three member Striatin subfamily of WD-40 repeat superfamily. It has multiple protein-protein interaction domains that are involved in the assembly of supra-molecular signaling complexes. Earlier we had demonstrated that there are at least five variants of SG2NA, generated by alternative splicing. We now demonstrate that a 52kDa novel variant is generated by the editing of the transcript for the 82kDa isoform. The 52kDa protein is abundant in mouse tissues but it is barely present in immortalized cells, suggesting its role in cell differentiation. Besides splicing and editing, expression of SG2NAs in tissues is also regulated by differential polyadenylation and mRNA/protein stability. Further, the longer UTR is seen only in the brain mRNA from 1month old mouse and 8-10day old chick embryo. Like alternative splicing, differential polyadenylation of Sg2na transcripts is also conserved in evolution. Taken together, these results suggest a highly versatile and dynamic mode of regulation of SG2NA with potential implications in tissue development.
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45
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Wong M, Hyodo T, Asano E, Funasaka K, Miyahara R, Hirooka Y, Goto H, Hamaguchi M, Senga T. Silencing of STRN4 suppresses the malignant characteristics of cancer cells. Cancer Sci 2014; 105:1526-32. [PMID: 25250919 PMCID: PMC4317966 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Revised: 08/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The striatin family of proteins, comprising STRN, STRN3 and STRN4, are multidomain-containing proteins that associate with additional proteins to form a large protein complex. We previously reported that STRN4 directly associated with protein kinases, such as MINK1, TNIK and MAP4K4, which are associated with tumor suppression or tumor progression. However, it remains unclear whether STRN4 is associated with tumor progression. In this report, we examined the role that STRN4 plays in cancer malignancy. We show that depletion of STRN4 suppresses proliferation, migration, invasion and the anchorage-independent growth of cancer cells. In addition, STRN4 knockdown increases the sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells to gemcitabine. Finally, we show that STRN4 knockdown suppresses the proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells in mice. Our results demonstrate a possible role of STRN4 in tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meihong Wong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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46
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Tanti GK, Goswami SK. SG2NA recruits DJ-1 and Akt into the mitochondria and membrane to protect cells from oxidative damage. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 75:1-13. [PMID: 25035075 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Revised: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
SG2NA is a WD-40 repeat protein with multiple protein-protein interaction domains of unknown functions. We demonstrate that it associates with the antioxidant protein DJ-1 and the survival kinase Akt. The C-terminal WD-40 repeat domain of SG2NA is required for its interaction with Akt, while DJ-1 binds it further upstream. No interaction between DJ-1 and Akt occurs in the absence of SG2NA. SG2NA, DJ-1, and Akt colocalize in mitochondria and plasma membrane. Their association is enhanced by increasing levels of reactive oxygen species up to a threshold level but falters thereafter with further increase in oxidants. Mutants of DJ-1 found in patients with familial parkinsonism are not recruited by SG2NA, suggesting its role in neuroprotection. Cells depleted of SG2NA are susceptible, while those overexpressing it are resistant to apoptosis induced by oxidative stress. Our study thus unravels a novel pathway of recruitment of Akt and DJ-1 that provides protection against oxidative stress, especially in neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goutam Kumar Tanti
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Shyamal K Goswami
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
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Soni S, Tyagi C, Grover A, Goswami SK. Molecular modeling and molecular dynamics simulations based structural analysis of the SG2NA protein variants. BMC Res Notes 2014; 7:446. [PMID: 25015106 PMCID: PMC4105797 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-7-446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background SG2NA is a member of the striatin sub-family of WD-40 repeat proteins. Striatin family members have been associated with diverse physiological functions. SG2NA has also been shown to have roles in cell cycle progression, signal transduction etc. They have been known to interact with a number of proteins including Caveolin and Calmodulin and also propagate the formation of a multimeric protein unit called striatin-interacting phosphatase and kinase. As a pre-requisite for such interaction ability, these proteins are known to be unstable and primarily disordered in their arrangement. Earlier we had identified that it has multiple isoforms (namely 35, 78, 87 kDa based on its molecular weight) which are generated by alternative splicing. However, detailed structural information of SG2NA is still eluding the researchers. Results This study was aimed towards three-dimensional molecular modeling and characterization of SG2NA protein and its isoforms. One structure out of five was selected for each variant having the least value for C score. Out of these, m35 kDa with a C score value of −3.21was the most poorly determined structure in comparison to m78 kDa and m87 kDa variants with C scores of −1.16 and −1.97 respectively. Further evaluation resulted in about 61.6% residues of m35 kDa, 76.6% residues of m78 kDa and 72.1% residues of m87 kDa falling in the favorable regions of Ramchandran Plot. Molecular dynamics simulations were also carried out to obtain biologically relevant structural models and compared with previous atomic coordinates. N-terminal region of all variants was found to be highly disordered. Conclusion This study provides first-hand detailed information to understand the structural conformation of SG2NA protein variants (m35 kDa, m78 kDa and m87 kDa). The WD-40 repeat domain was found to constitute antiparallel strands of β-sheets arranged circularly. This study elucidates the crucial structural features of SG2NA proteins which are involved in various protein-protein interactions and also reveals the extent of disorder present in the SG2NA structure crucial for excessive interaction and multimeric protein complexes. The study also potentiates the role of computational approaches for preliminary examination of unknown proteins in the absence of experimental information.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Abhinav Grover
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
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Coutinho P, Vega C, Pojoga LH, Rivera A, Prado GN, Yao TM, Adler G, Torres-Grajales M, Maldonado ER, Ramos-Rivera A, Williams JS, Williams G, Romero JR. Aldosterone's rapid, nongenomic effects are mediated by striatin: a modulator of aldosterone's effect on estrogen action. Endocrinology 2014; 155:2233-43. [PMID: 24654783 PMCID: PMC4020933 DOI: 10.1210/en.2013-1834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The cellular responses to steroids are mediated by 2 general mechanisms: genomic and rapid/nongenomic effects. Identification of the mechanisms underlying aldosterone (ALDO)'s rapid vs their genomic actions is difficult to study, and these mechanisms are not clearly understood. Recent data suggest that striatin is a mediator of nongenomic effects of estrogen. We explored the hypothesis that striatin is an intermediary of the rapid/nongenomic effects of ALDO and that striatin serves as a novel link between the actions of the mineralocorticoid and estrogen receptors. In human and mouse endothelial cells, ALDO promoted an increase in phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1/2 (pERK) that peaked at 15 minutes. In addition, we found that striatin is a critical intermediary in this process, because reducing striatin levels with small interfering RNA (siRNA) technology prevented the rise in pERK levels. In contrast, reducing striatin did not significantly affect 2 well-characterized genomic responses to ALDO. Down-regulation of striatin with siRNA produced similar effects on estrogen's actions, reducing nongenomic, but not some genomic, actions. ALDO, but not estrogen, increased striatin levels. When endothelial cells were pretreated with ALDO, the rapid/nongenomic response to estrogen on phosphorylated endothelial nitric oxide synthase (peNOS) was enhanced and accelerated significantly. Importantly, pretreatment with estrogen did not enhance ALDO's nongenomic response on pERK. In conclusion, our results indicate that striatin is a novel mediator for both ALDO's and estrogen's rapid and nongenomic mechanisms of action on pERK and phosphorylated eNOS, respectively, thereby suggesting a unique level of interactions between the mineralocorticoid receptor and the estrogen receptor in the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Coutinho
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension (P.C., C.V., L.H.P., G.N.P., T.M.Y., G.A., M.T.-G., E.R.M., A.R.-R., J.S.W., G.W., J.R.R.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and Department of Laboratory Medicine (C.V., A.R., G.N.P., E.R.M.), Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
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Chen C, Shi Z, Zhang W, Chen M, He F, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Feng M, Wang W, Zhao Y, Brown JH, Jiao S, Zhou Z. Striatins contain a noncanonical coiled coil that binds protein phosphatase 2A A subunit to form a 2:2 heterotetrameric core of striatin-interacting phosphatase and kinase (STRIPAK) complex. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:9651-61. [PMID: 24550388 PMCID: PMC3975014 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.529297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Revised: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and kinases such as germinal center kinase III (GCKIII) can interact with striatins to form a supramolecular complex called striatin-interacting phosphatase and kinase (STRIPAK) complex. Despite the fact that the STRIPAK complex regulates multiple cellular events, it remains only partially understood how this complex itself is assembled and regulated for differential biological functions. Our recent work revealed the activation mechanism of GCKIIIs by MO25, as well as how GCKIIIs heterodimerize with CCM3, a molecular bridge between GCKIII and striatins. Here we dissect the structural features of the coiled coil domain of striatin 3, a novel type of PP2A regulatory subunit that functions as a scaffold for the assembly of the STRIPAK complex. We have determined the crystal structure of a selenomethionine-labeled striatin 3 coiled coil domain, which shows it to assume a parallel dimeric but asymmetric conformation containing a large bend. This result combined with a number of biophysical analyses provide evidence that the coiled coil domain of striatin 3 and the PP2A A subunit form a stable core complex with a 2:2 stoichiometry. Structure-based mutational studies reveal that homodimerization of striatin 3 is essential for its interaction with PP2A and therefore assembly of the STRIPAK complex. Wild-type striatin 3 but not the mutants defective in PP2A binding strongly suppresses apoptosis of Jurkat cells induced by the GCKIII kinase MST3, most likely through a mechanism in which striatin recruits PP2A to negatively regulate the activation of MST3. Collectively, our work provides structural insights into the organization of the STRIPAK complex and will facilitate further functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuicui Chen
- From the National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zhubing Shi
- From the National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- the School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China, and
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- From the National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Min Chen
- From the National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Feng He
- From the National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- From the National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yicui Wang
- From the National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Miao Feng
- From the National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Wenjia Wang
- From the National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- From the National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jerry H. Brown
- the Rosenstiel Basic Medical Sciences Research Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454-9110
| | - Shi Jiao
- From the National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zhaocai Zhou
- From the National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- the School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China, and
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Hwang J, Pallas DC. STRIPAK complexes: structure, biological function, and involvement in human diseases. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2014; 47:118-48. [PMID: 24333164 PMCID: PMC3927685 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2013.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian striatin family consists of three proteins, striatin, S/G2 nuclear autoantigen, and zinedin. Striatin family members have no intrinsic catalytic activity, but rather function as scaffolding proteins. Remarkably, they organize multiple diverse, large signaling complexes that participate in a variety of cellular processes. Moreover, they appear to be regulatory/targeting subunits for the major eukaryotic serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A. In addition, striatin family members associate with germinal center kinase III kinases as well as other novel components, earning these assemblies the name striatin-interacting phosphatase and kinase (STRIPAK) complexes. Recently, there has been a great increase in functional and mechanistic studies aimed at identifying and understanding the roles of STRIPAK and STRIPAK-like complexes in cellular processes of multiple organisms. These studies have identified novel STRIPAK and STRIPAK-like complexes and have explored their roles in specific signaling pathways. Together, the results of these studies have sparked increased interest in striatin family complexes because they have revealed roles in signaling, cell cycle control, apoptosis, vesicular trafficking, Golgi assembly, cell polarity, cell migration, neural and vascular development, and cardiac function. Moreover, STRIPAK complexes have been connected to clinical conditions, including cardiac disease, diabetes, autism, and cerebral cavernous malformation. In this review, we discuss the expression, localization, and protein domain structure of striatin family members. Then we consider the diverse complexes these proteins and their homologs form in various organisms, emphasizing what is known regarding function and regulation. Finally, we explore possible roles of striatin family complexes in disease, especially cerebral cavernous malformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juyeon Hwang
- Department of Biochemistry and Winship Cancer Institute, and Biochemistry, Cell, Developmental Biology Graduate Program, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - David C Pallas
- Department of Biochemistry and Winship Cancer Institute, and Biochemistry, Cell, Developmental Biology Graduate Program, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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