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Fenton MP, Seegulam V, Antoine J, Pham TN, Morris MR, Boren S, Striley CW. Examining the relationship between proposed anti-LGBTQ+ legislation and LGBTQ+ college student mental health: findings from the Healthy Minds Study, 2021-2022. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024:1-15. [PMID: 39141508 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2024.2382426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between proposed anti-LGBTQ+ legislation and depressive symptoms among LGBTQ+ college students. Participants: Participants (N = 72,135) included LGBTQ+ college students (N = 21,466) from over 530 colleges and universities, including technical and community institutions, across the United States who took part in the Healthy Minds Study (HMS). Methods: Data on proposed anti-LGBTQ+ legislation introduced in 2021-2022 were collected from all 50 US states, categorized, and analyzed. Individual-level data for 2021-2022 were obtained from the HMS, and a multilevel analysis was conducted to assess the association between proposed anti-LGBTQ+ legislation and depressive symptoms while considering individual factors. Results: A significant positive association between proposed anti-LGBTQ+ legislation and increased depressive symptoms among LGBTQ+ college students was found. This association remained significant after controlling for individual-level stressors and identities, including a sense of belonging, campus environment perceptions, first-generation student status, and transgender or gender non-conforming identity (TGNC). Conclusions: The findings underscore the need for mental health support and inclusive policies for LGBTQ+ college students, particularly in regions where anti-LGBTQ+ legislation is proposed or enacted, to mitigate the potential negative impact of multiple factors on their mental well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Pearman Fenton
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Vijaya Seegulam
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Jesseca Antoine
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Tina Ngoc Pham
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Marcia Ruth Morris
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Shaun Boren
- Student Life Assessment and Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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Tuncay S, Sarman A. Determination of the relationship between depression and suicide in young adolescents. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRIC NURSING 2024; 37:e12473. [PMID: 38923673 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was designed to explore the relationships between depression, and the likelihood of suicide among young adolescents by considering various factors. DESIGN AND SAMPLES It was conducted in a descriptive-cross-sectional format, with fieldwork spanning from November 16, 2022, to June 30, 2023. The study assessed the likelihood of depression, and suicide in young adolescents attending a university in Eastern Turkey. MEASUREMENTS Sociodemographic features survey form, Beck's Depression Inventory and Suicide Probability Scale were used to collect data. RESULTS The results from this investigation indicated that women, individuals with chronic illnesses, those with a history of psychiatric conditions, those expressing a constant desire to die, those with suicidal thoughts or plans, and those with a family member who had attempted suicide exhibited significantly higher mean scores for depression and suicide. There was a positive correlation between high depression scores and suicidal tendencies. However, no conclusive evidence of a link between depression, and suicide was established. CONCLUSIONS In this study, certain demographic and psychological factors were identified as correlating with elevated levels of depression and suicidal tendencies among young adolescents. It is imperative that individuals identified as being at risk be promptly referred to appropriate units for comprehensive interventions and support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suat Tuncay
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Bingöl University, Bingöl, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Sarman
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Bingöl University, Bingöl, Turkey
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Bornheimer LA, Verdugo JL, Brdar NM, Im V, Jeffers N, Bushnell CB, Hoener K, Tasker M, DeWeese K, Florence T, Jester JM, King CA, Taylor SF, Himle JA. A cognitive-behavioral treatment for suicide prevention among adults with schizophrenia spectrum disorders in community mental health: Study protocol for a pilot feasibility and acceptability randomized clinical trial. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2024; 10:99. [PMID: 38997747 PMCID: PMC11241875 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-024-01523-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide is among the leading causes of death for adults with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs), and there is a paucity of evidence-based suicide prevention-focused interventions tailored for this vulnerable population. Cognitive-Behavioral Suicide Prevention for psychosis (CBSPp) is a promising intervention developed in the UK that required modifications for delivery in community mental health (CMH) settings in the United States of American. This pilot trial evaluates the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of our modified CBSPp intervention in comparison to services as usual (SAU) within a CMH setting in a Midwestern state of the USA. METHODS This is a single-site randomized pilot trial with a planned enrollment of 60 adults meeting criteria for both SSD and SI/A. Eligible participants will be randomized 1:1 to either 10 sessions of CBSPp or SAU. Clinical and cognitive assessments will be conducted within a 4-waive design at baseline (prior to randomization and treatment) and approximately 1 month (mid-treatment), 3 months (post-treatment), and 5 months (follow-up) after baseline assessment. Qualitative interviews will also be conducted at post-treatment. The primary objective is to determine whether CBSPp is feasible and acceptable, involving examinations of recruitment rate, treatment engagement and adherence, retention and completion rates, and experiences in the CBSPp treatment and overall study. The secondary objective is to preliminarily evaluate whether modified CBSPp is associated with reductions in clinical (suicide ideation, suicide attempt, symptoms of psychosis, depression, and emergency/hospital service, hopelessness, defeat, and entrapment) and cognitive (information processing biases, appraisals, and schemas) outcomes in comparison to SAU from baseline to post-treatment assessment. DISCUSSION This randomized pilot trial will provide clinically relevant information about whether CBSPp can improve SI/A, depression, and psychosis among adults with SSDs. Testing this modified cognitive-behavioral suicide prevention-focused intervention has the potential for a large public health impact by increasing the intervention's utility and usability in CMH where many individuals with SSDs receive care, and ultimately working towards reductions in premature suicide death. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT#05345184. Registered on April 12, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay A Bornheimer
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | | | - Nicholas M Brdar
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Vitalis Im
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nakea Jeffers
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Katie Hoener
- Washtenaw County Community Mental Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Melisa Tasker
- Washtenaw County Community Mental Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Krista DeWeese
- Washtenaw County Community Mental Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Jennifer M Jester
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Cheryl A King
- Department of Psychiatry, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Joseph A Himle
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Qeadan F, Ross S, Barbeau WA, Madden EF, English K. Suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, and self-injury among American Indian, Alaskan Native, and Native Hawaiian college students in the United States from 2015 to 2019. Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e2139. [PMID: 39015421 PMCID: PMC11250395 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.2139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Suicide is a major driver of mortality among college students and is the leading cause of death among American Indian, Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian (AI/AN/NH) young adults. Methods Data on suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, and self-injury among AI/AN/NH college students (n = 8103) were analyzed via multivariable logistic regressions employing the American College Health Association National College Health Assessment survey from 2015 to 2019. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) were used to assess how opioid misuse may act as a risk or protective factor for suicidality and self-injury. Results Between 2015 and 2019, suicidal ideation was the most prevalent dimension of suicidality affecting AI/AN/NH college students (ranges from 12.69% to 18.35%), followed by self-injury (7.83%-11.41%) and suicide attempt (2.40%-4.10%). AI/AN/NH college students who reported opioid misuse were significantly more likely to experience suicidal ideation (aOR: 1.417; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.154-1.740) and self-injury (aOR: 1.684; 95% CI: 1.341-2.116) than those who did not engage in such behavior. Conclusions We identified opioid misuse as a potential risk factor for suicidal ideation and intentional self-injury among populations of AI/AN/NH college students. Programs seeking to reduce suicide prevalence among Indigenous college students may benefit from the inclusion of evidence-based interventions that prevent and treat issues related to opioid use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fares Qeadan
- Department of Public Health, Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public HealthLoyola University ChicagoMaywoodIllinoisUSA
| | - Sydney Ross
- Department of Public Health, Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public HealthLoyola University ChicagoMaywoodIllinoisUSA
| | - William A. Barbeau
- Department of Public Health, Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public HealthLoyola University ChicagoMaywoodIllinoisUSA
| | - Erin F. Madden
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health SciencesWayne State UniversityDetroitMichiganUSA
| | - Kevin English
- Albuquerque Area Southwest Tribal Epidemiology CenterAlbuquerqueNew MexicoUSA
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Soto EF, Orantes D, Russo N, Antshel KM. Autism and sexual and gender minority identity in college students: Examination of self-reported rates, functional outcomes, and treatment engagement. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2024; 28:1519-1539. [PMID: 38551171 DOI: 10.1177/13623613241236228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT Autistic individuals and those who identify with a sexual and/or gender minority are both at risk for various mental health concerns and related impairments. However, the connection between autism and sexual and/or gender minorities and mental health and functional outcomes is not clear. Here, we provide evidence of these connections by analyzing data from a large nationally representative dataset from the American College Health Association-National College Health Assessment III. We found that autistic college students who identify with both sexual and gender minorities reported the highest rates of stress, academic, and mental health concerns including suicidality when compared with autistic college students with or without a sexual and/or gender minority. In addition, college students with at least two identities, such as autism and a sexual minority identity or both a sexual and gender minority identity, reported the next highest rates of concern. These findings affirm the need for mental healthcare providers to consider the intersections of a sexual and gender minority identities in non-autistic and, especially, in autistic college students to develop and provide better support and resources.
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Chandran A, Haberlen S, Ware D, Meanley S, Brennan-Ing M, Brown AL, Teplin LA, Egan JE, Mimiaga MJ, Friedman MR, Plankey M. The Relationship between Serving as a Mentor and Depressive Symptoms among Sexual Minority Men in the MACS Healthy Aging Study. PSYCHOLOGY OF SEXUAL ORIENTATION AND GENDER DIVERSITY 2024; 11:328-336. [PMID: 39206120 PMCID: PMC11352396 DOI: 10.1037/sgd0000605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Sexual minority men (SMM) in the US are twice as likely to experience mental health challenges, including depressive symptoms, compared with their heterosexual counterparts. Having a like-mentor, or a sexual minority mentor, is associated with improved mental well-being among SMM mentees. However, few studies have explored the potential benefits to mentors. Using confirmatory factor analysis, we calculated a perceptions of mentoring score that encompasses experiences and beliefs regarding mentoring of SMM from the Healthy Aging Substudy of the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. We used a generalized estimating equations model to assess associations between perceptions of mentoring and clinically significant depressive symptoms adjusted for key covariates; models were also stratified by HIV serostatus. Among 1,246 men aged 40+ years, the strongest agreement was with the statement "I have encouraged people to be proud of their sexual orientation," for which 770 individuals (72%) indicated "Agree" or "Strongly Agree." Each unit increase in the mean perceptions of mentoring score was associated with 8% decreased odds of having clinically significant depressive symptoms (adjusted odds ratio: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.85-0.99). We show that SMM reported like-mentoring experiences and had positive mentoring beliefs, and that these were associated with a decreased odds of having depressive symptoms. Encouraging SMM to serve as like-mentors could be a way to counter depressive symptoms among this key population. There is a need for increased research regarding how mentoring programs can best be designed to benefit sexual minority mentees and mentors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aruna Chandran
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sabina Haberlen
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Deanna Ware
- Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | | | - Mark Brennan-Ing
- Brookdale Center for Health Aging, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, New York
| | - Andre L Brown
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - James E Egan
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - M Reuel Friedman
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Sánchez-Teruel D, López-Torrecillas F, Robles-Bello MA, Valencia-Naranjo N. Protective and Risk Factors for Suicidal Behaviour in Self-Declared LGBTIQ+ Adolescents. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:422. [PMID: 38785913 PMCID: PMC11117824 DOI: 10.3390/bs14050422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescents who identify as sexual minorities often face social stigmatisation, which can lead to increased adversity and a higher risk of suicidal behaviours. However, there are also protective factors that may promote resilience to these risk behaviours. This study aims to identify factors that predict resilience in sexual minority adolescents with high suicidal vulnerability. METHODS The study sample comprised 78 self-reported LGBTIQ+ adolescents aged between 13 and 18 years old (M = 16.11, SD = 1.56) who had previously attempted suicide. They completed several psychosocial instruments to measure risk and protective variables related to suicidal vulnerability. RESULTS Entrapment was found to be the most predictive risk variable for suicide attempts. However, protective variables promoting resilience were also found, such as adequate parental communication, life satisfaction, and cognitive reframing. DISCUSSION The findings related to prevention of suicide attempts are discussed and we highlight the urgent need to enhance certain internal and contextual protective factors to promote resilience in the face of suicidal vulnerability in certain clinical subpopulations exposed to highly adverse situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Sánchez-Teruel
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, Faculty of Psychology, University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain; (D.S.-T.); (F.L.-T.)
- Spanish Society of Suicidology, 28015 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisca López-Torrecillas
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, Faculty of Psychology, University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain; (D.S.-T.); (F.L.-T.)
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McCool MW, Schwebel FJ, Pearson MR, Wong MM. Using recursive partitioning to predict presence and severity of suicidal ideation amongst college students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38728739 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2024.2351419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Predicting the presence and severity of suicidal ideation in college students is important, as deaths by suicide amongst young adults have increased in the past 20 years. PARTICIPANTS We recruited college students (N = 5494) from ten universities across eight states. METHOD Participants answered three questionnaires related to lifetime and past month suicidal ideation, and an indicator of suicidal ideation in a DSM-5 symptom measure. We used recursive partitioning to predict the presence, absence, and severity, of suicidal ideation. RESULTS Recursive partitioning models varied in their accuracy and performance. The best-performing model consisted of predictors and outcomes measured by the DSM-5 Level 1 Cross-Cutting Symptom Measure. Sexual orientation was also an important predictor in most models. CONCLUSIONS A single measure of DSM-5 symptom severity may help universities understand suicide severity to promote targeted interventions. Though further work is needed, as similar scaling amongst predictors could have influenced the model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matison W McCool
- Center on Alcohol, Substance use, and Addictions, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Frank J Schwebel
- Center on Alcohol, Substance use, and Addictions, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Matthew R Pearson
- Center on Alcohol, Substance use, and Addictions, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Maria M Wong
- Psychology Department, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho, USA
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Keum BT, Meza JI, Kivlighan DM, Abdallah M, Bartholomew TT. Counseling Center and Therapist Effects on Changes in Suicidal Ideation among College Students Receiving Services on Campus: Comparisons across International Status, Race, Gender, and Sexual Orientation. Arch Suicide Res 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38607320 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2024.2339916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Examine center- and therapist-level factors that may impact suicide ideation outcomes for college students with minoritized identities. METHOD Data were drawn from a 2015-2017 data set collected from 136 university counseling centers that were part of the Center for Collegiate Mental Health. This study used a three-level model in hierarchical linear modeling with clients (Level 1; N = 122,212), clients nested in therapists (Level 2; N = 2,574), and therapists nested in counseling centers (Level 3; N = 120). RESULTS Racially/ethnically minoritized students were 20%, LGBQ + students were 100% more likely, and women students were 20% less likely to have suicidal ideation at the first session, compared to White, male, heterosexual domestic students. LGBQ + students were 20%, and international students were 50% more likely to have suicidal ideation in the last session, compared to White, male, heterosexual domestic students. Cross-level interactions revealed that when therapists had a higher percentage of international students on their caseload, international students had decreased suicidal ideation. Similarly, when therapists had a higher percentage of male students on their caseload, their male students had decreased suicidal ideation. CONCLUSIONS Findings from this study support the importance of experience and competence in working with minoritized students, as therapists who had more international and men students on their caseload fared better in decreasing the suicide ideation of respective students. This suggests that continued exposure to the unique challenges faced by particular minoritized groups of college students can enhance the quality of care delivered by therapists.
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Krantz LB, MacDougall MC, Ehrlich S, Brinkman WB. The Impact of Statewide Enumerated Antibullying Laws and Local School Interventions on School Spaces, Physical Harm, and Suicide Attempts for LGBTQ Youth. LGBT Health 2024. [PMID: 38564182 DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2023.0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Our goal was to evaluate the impact of enumerated antibullying laws and local interventions on school affirmation, risk of physical threat or harm, and suicide attempts for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning (LGBTQ) youth. Methods: This study used cross-sectional data from three national sources that provided outcomes and potential predictors: (1) The Trevor Project National Survey 2022: based on the LGBTQ youth report, (2) Movement Advancement Project: presence of LGBTQ enumerated antibullying state laws, and (3) School Health Profiles 2020: statewide prevalence of school-level strategies to improve student wellness reported by school personnel. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models calculated the relative risks (RRs) for each outcome. Results: LGBTQ youth (n = 27,697) were surveyed. Youth were less likely to identify their school as nonaffirming in states with enumerated laws (RR: 0.97, confidence interval [CI]: 0.94-0.99) and in states with higher percentages of gay/straight alliances (GSAs) (RR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.96-0.97). Youth were less likely to report a history of physical threat or harm in states with more GSAs (RR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.95-0.97). Enumerated state laws were associated with a lower risk of suicide attempts among LGBTQ youth (RR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.77-0.87). Universal strategies/policies not specific to LGBTQ youth did not reduce risk of physical threat/harm or suicide attempts. Conclusions: Statewide enumerated antibullying protections and the presence of a GSA were associated with a decreased risk of poor outcomes among LGBTQ youth. Longitudinal studies are needed to assess the impact of recent legislative changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Landon B Krantz
- Divisions of General and Community Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Melinda C MacDougall
- Divisions of General and Community Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Shelley Ehrlich
- Divisions of Biostatics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - William B Brinkman
- Divisions of General and Community Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Tetkovic I, Parsons S, White SR, Bowes L. Same sex-attraction as a predictor of suicide and self-harm behaviours: The role of bullying and social support. J Affect Disord 2024; 350:396-402. [PMID: 38220098 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Sexual minority youth are at higher risk of self-harming than heterosexual adolescents. Understanding why sexual minority youth are more vulnerable to poor mental health and identifying factors that might buffer against this risk is important for developing targeted interventions. We used the Millennium Cohort Study to investigate whether same-sex attraction at age 14 is associated with suicide attempts and self-harm at age 17. Additionally, we tested whether bullying victimisation might mediate any observed associations, and whether social support might protect against any increased risk. Sexual minority youth were 2.44 times more likely to attempt suicide and 2.59 times more likely to self-harm aged 17. There was no evidence for an association between greater social support and lower levels of self-harm. However, greater social support in sexual minority youth is associated with reduced risk for suicide attempt. Bullying partially mediated the relationship between same-sex attraction and mental health. Greater levels in bullying in sexual minority youth were associated with 1.32 times higher risk for suicide and 1.30 times higher risk for self-harm. Social support was not associated with reduced risk of suicide attempt or self-harm among bullied sexual minority youth. Sexual minority youth in the UK are at higher risk for suicide attempt and self-harm. To address this disparity, health and educational practitioners should understand this heightened risk for poor mental health, and address bullying as one risk factor. Further interventions are needed to assist sexual minority youth beyond social support provision through friends and family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Tetkovic
- University of Oxford, Department of Experimental Psychology, Anna Watts Building, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, OX2 6GG Oxford, United Kingdom.
| | - Sam Parsons
- Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Simon R White
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lucy Bowes
- University of Oxford, Department of Experimental Psychology, Anna Watts Building, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, OX2 6GG Oxford, United Kingdom
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López R, Esposito-Smythers C, Defayette AB, Harris KM, Seibel L, Whitmyre ED. Relations between discrimination, rejection sensitivity, negative affect, and decrements in problem-solving ability following social rejection: An experimental investigation. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2024; 54:233-249. [PMID: 38180127 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.13036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION While negative affect and problem-solving deficits have been consistently linked to suicidal thoughts and behaviors, the latter are often conceptualized and studied as time- and/or context-invariant. Though requiring additional empirical support, theory suggests that discrimination may strengthen the relation between rejection sensitivity and increases in negative affect as well as declines in problem-solving abilities following rejection. The aim of the current study was to test this claim using a social rejection paradigm (i.e., Cyberball) with young adults experiencing past-month suicidal ideation. METHODS The sample consisted of 50 participants. Lifetime discrimination and rejection sensitivity were assessed prior to Cyberball. Negative affect and problem-solving abilities were assessed pre- and post-Cyberball. SPSS and the PROCESS macro were used to test relations among variables of interest. RESULTS Rejection sensitivity predicted greater problem-solving decrements, but not negative affect, following rejection among individuals who had experienced higher (vs. lower) levels of lifetime discrimination. CONCLUSION Addressing rejection sensitivity and sources of discrimination within the context of treatment may reduce the impact of social rejection on problem-solving abilities among young adults at risk for suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Emma D Whitmyre
- Children's National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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13
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Bird K, Arcelus J, Matsagoura L, O'Shea B, Townsend E. Risk and protective factors for self-harm thoughts and behaviours in transgender and gender diverse people: A systematic review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26074. [PMID: 38468947 PMCID: PMC10925986 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Self-harm (any self-injury or -poisoning regardless of intent) is highly prevalent in transgender and gender diverse (TGD) populations. It is strongly associated with various adverse health and wellbeing outcomes, including suicide. Despite increased risk, TGD individuals' unique self-harm pathways are not well understood. Following PRISMA guidelines we conducted the first systematic review of risk and protective factors for self-harm in TGD people to identify targets for prevention and intervention. Methods We searched five electronic databases (PubMed, PsychInfo, Scopus, MEDLINE, and Web of Science) published from database inception to November 2023 for primary and secondary studies of risk and/or protective factors for self-harm thoughts and behaviours in TGD people. Data was extracted and study quality assessed using Newcastle-Ottawa Scales. Findings Overall, 78 studies published between 2007 and 2023 from 16 countries (N = 322,144) were eligible for inclusion. Narrative analysis identified six key risk factors for self-harm in TGD people (aged 7-98years) were identified. These are younger age, being assigned female at birth, illicit drug and alcohol use, sexual and physical assault, gender minority stressors (especially discrimination and victimisation), and depression or depressive symptomology. Three important protective factors were identified: social support, connectedness, and school safety. Other possible unique TGD protective factors against self-harm included: chosen name use, gender-identity concordant documentation, and protective state policies. Some evidence of publication bias regarding sample size, non-responders, and confounding variables was identified. Interpretation This systematic review indicates TGD people may experience a unique self-harm pathway. Importantly, the risk and protective factors we identified provide meaningful targets for intervention. TGD youth and those assigned female at birth are at increased risk. Encouraging TGD people to utilise and foster existing support networks, family/parent and peer support groups, and creating safe, supportive school environments may be critical for self-harm and suicide prevention strategies. Efforts to reduce drug and alcohol use and experiences of gender-based victimisation and discrimination are recommended to reduce self-harm in this high-risk group. Addressing depressive symptoms may reduce gender dysphoria and self-harm. The new evidence presented in this systematic review also indicates TGD people may experience unique pathways to self-harm related to the lack of social acceptance of their gender identity. However, robust longitudinal research which examines gender-specific factors is now necessary to establish this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Bird
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - J. Arcelus
- Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - L. Matsagoura
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - B.A. O'Shea
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- The Centre for the Experimental-Philosophical Study of Discrimination, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - E. Townsend
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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14
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Parnes JE, Le TP, Mereish EH, Miranda R. Daily associations between resilience factors, substance use, and affect among sexual minority youth. PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS 2024:2024-54430-001. [PMID: 38358656 PMCID: PMC11324862 DOI: 10.1037/adb0000998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Past research has highlighted that sexual minority youth (SMY) are at particular risk for heightened substance use compared to their heterosexual peers; however, few studies have investigated the associations between resilience factors and substance use among SMY. In the present preregistered study, we examined the associations among three different forms of resilience factors (i.e., general social support, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ)-identity affirmation, LGBTQ community involvement) and alcohol, nicotine, and cannabis use, as well as on positive and negative affect. METHOD SMY (n = 82, ages 15-19, 56.1% cisgender women, 84.4% White) completed a baseline assessment then a 30-day ecological momentary assessment study. Multilevel regression models evaluated within-day and between-person associations between resilience factors and odds of substance use (alcohol, nicotine, cannabis), substance use quantity on use days (alcohol, cannabis), positive affect, and negative affect. RESULTS On the day level, general social support was associated with greater positive affect, lesser negative affect, and greater drinks on drinking days. LGBTQ-identity affirmation was associated with greater positive affect, lesser negative affect, and greater odds of nicotine use. LGBTQ community involvement was associated with greater positive affect. CONCLUSIONS These results highlight the nuanced ways that resilience may engender more positive affect and reduce negative affect while simultaneously promoting substance use. Future research disentangling the mechanisms connecting resilience and substance use among SMY is necessary. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie E Parnes
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University
| | | | - Ethan H Mereish
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University
| | - Robert Miranda
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University
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15
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Ransome Y, Valido AD, Espelage DL, Clements GL, Harrell C, Eckel C, Price N, Nassau R, Nyhan K, Taggart TL. A systematic review of how social connectedness influences associations between racism and discrimination on health outcomes. Epidemiol Rev 2023; 45:44-62. [PMID: 37477041 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxad009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Racial discrimination is a well-known risk factor of racial disparities in health. Although progress has been made in identifying multiple levels through which racism and racial discrimination influences health, less is known about social factors that may buffer racism's associations with health. We conducted a systematic review of the literature with a specific focus on social connectedness, racism, and health, retrieving studies conducted in the United States and published between January 1, 2012, and July 30, 2022, in peer-reviewed journals. Of the 787 articles screened, 32 were selected for full-text synthesis. Most studies (72%) were at the individual level, cross-sectional, and among community/neighborhood, school, or university samples. Studies had good methodological rigor and low risk of bias. Measures of racism and racial discrimination varied. Discrimination scales included unfair treatment because of race, schedule of racist events, experiences of lifetime discrimination, and everyday discrimination. Measures of social connectedness (or disconnectedness) varied. Social-connectedness constructs included social isolation, loneliness, and social support. Mental health was the most frequently examined outcome (75%). Effect modification was used in 56% of studies and mediation in 34% of studies. In 81% of studies, at least 1 aspect of social connectedness significantly buffered or mediated the associations between racism and health. Negative health associations were often weaker among people with higher social connectedness. Social connectedness is an important buffering mechanism to mitigate the associations between racial discrimination and health. In future studies, harmonizing metrics of social connectedness and racial discrimination can strengthen causal claims to inform interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Ransome
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510, United States
| | - Alberto D Valido
- School of Education, Applied Developmental Sciences and Special Education, Human Development and Family Science, School Psychology, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, United States
| | - Dorothy L Espelage
- School of Education, Applied Developmental Sciences and Special Education, Human Development and Family Science, School Psychology, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, United States
| | - Graceson L Clements
- School of Education, Applied Developmental Sciences and Special Education, Human Development and Family Science, School Psychology, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, United States
| | - Crystal Harrell
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510, United States
| | - Caroline Eckel
- Department of Sociology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Natalie Price
- Milken Institute School of Public Health, Department of Prevention and Community Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, United States
| | - Rachel Nassau
- The George Washington School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20052, United States
| | - Kate Nyhan
- Harvey Cushing/John Hay Whitney Medical Library, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510, United States
| | - Tamara L Taggart
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510, United States
- Milken Institute School of Public Health, Department of Prevention and Community Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, United States
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16
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Kim SA, Baczewski L, Pizzano M, Kasari C, Sturm A. Discrimination and Harassment Experiences of Autistic College Students and Their Neurotypical Peers: Risk and Protective Factors. J Autism Dev Disord 2023; 53:4521-4534. [PMID: 36103077 PMCID: PMC10627989 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-022-05729-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
This study examines autistic and non-autistic college students' experiences of discrimination and harassment and identifies protective and risk factors. A nationwide survey was used to match autistic students (N = 290) and non-autistic students (N = 290) on co-occurring diagnoses and demographic characteristics. Multiple regression and interaction analysis revealed that faculty support was protective against discrimination and harassment regardless of autism status. Habits of mind was particularly protective for autistic students against harassment. Any student who engaged in school-facilitated events was more likely to experience discrimination and harassment, but the risk was heightened for autistic students. Findings highlight the importance of faculty support in fostering positive interpersonal experiences on campus, and demonstrate the need to address deeper college campus issues with respect to neurodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohyun An Kim
- Center for Dyslexia, Diverse Learners, and Social Justice, University of California Los Angeles, 3005B Moore Hall, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1521, USA.
- Charter College of Education, California State University Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA.
| | - Lauren Baczewski
- Department of Education, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Maria Pizzano
- Department of Education, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
- Center for Autism Research and Treatment, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Connie Kasari
- Department of Education, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Alexandra Sturm
- Center for Autism Research and Treatment, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
- Department of Psychological Science, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, USA
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17
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Pearlman AT, Murphy MA, Raiciulescu S, Johnson N, Klein DA, Gray JC, Schvey NA. Longitudinal Associations Between Perceived Discrimination and Suicidality in Youth. J Pediatr 2023; 262:113642. [PMID: 37517645 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2023.113642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Research among adults reveals robust associations between discrimination and suicidality. However, the relationship between discrimination and suicidality is understudied in youth. Participants in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study (n = 10 312) completed a measure of discrimination based on multiple attributes. The Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia was administered 1 year later to assess depressive disorders and suicidality (ideation and behavior). Logistic regressions, adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, family income, lifetime depressive disorders, and body composition were conducted. Adjusting for covariates, discrimination based on weight (OR: 2.19), race/ethnicity/color (OR: 3.21), and sexual orientation (OR: 3.83) were associated with greater odds of reporting suicidality 1 year later (ps < 0.025). Nationality-based discrimination was not significantly associated with suicidality. Compared with those reporting no discrimination, youths reporting discrimination based on 2 or more attributes had nearly 5 times greater odds of recent suicidality (OR: 4.72; P < .001). The current study highlights the deleterious impacts of discrimination on mental health among youths reporting multiple forms of discrimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arielle T Pearlman
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU), Bethesda, MD
| | - Mikela A Murphy
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU), Bethesda, MD; The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (HJF), Bethesda, MD
| | - Sorana Raiciulescu
- Department of Preventitive Medicine and Biostatistics, USU, Bethesda, MD
| | - Nia Johnson
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU), Bethesda, MD; The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (HJF), Bethesda, MD
| | - David A Klein
- Department of Pediatrics, USU, Bethesda, MD; Department of Family Medicine, USU, Bethesda, MD
| | - Joshua C Gray
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU), Bethesda, MD
| | - Natasha A Schvey
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU), Bethesda, MD.
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18
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Mayo D, Lozano A, Williams RS, Safren SA, Harkness A. The Relationship Between Intersectional Oppression and Affirmation and Latino Sexual Minority Men's Mental Health. LGBT Health 2023; 10:629-638. [PMID: 37466482 PMCID: PMC10712364 DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2022.0212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Latino sexual minority men (LSMM) may experience oppression based on their ethnicity, sexual orientation, and migratory status, yet scientific literature is only beginning to explore the intersection of these experiences. This study examined mental health (MH) in relation to LSMM's experiences of intersectional oppression and affirmation. Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of baseline data from a cohort study examining LSMM's (n = 290) health care engagement in Miami, FL, from February to September 2020. Latent class analysis (LCA) identified classes based on self-reported multiple identity discrimination (e.g., race, ethnicity, and skin color), sexual orientation stigma/affirmation, and migration-related stress. Logistic and linear regressions examined associations between class membership and anxious, depressive, post-traumatic stress, somatic symptoms, and overall MH burden. Results: The LCA revealed a three-class solution: (1) affirmed LSMM (73.8%), (2) LSMM with intersectional oppression (21.7%), and (3) LSMM with immigration stress (4.5%). The three classes varied in terms of multiple identity discrimination, sexual orientation stigma/affirmation, and migration-related stress. Compared with Class 1, Class 2 had greater conditional probabilities of reporting clinically significant depressive (p = 0.033) and post-traumatic stress symptoms (p = 0.031), and at least one MH concern (p = 0.018). Greater depressive symptoms (p = 0.007), post-traumatic stress symptoms (p = 0.049), somatic symptoms (p = 0.024), and clinically significant MH concerns (p = 0.018) were found among Class 2 than among Class 1. Conclusion: Findings identified three groups of LSMM based on their experiences of intersectional oppression and affirmation. Discrimination at the intersection of multiple identities, sexual orientation stigma/affirmation, and migration-related stress were associated with LSMM's MH outcomes, particularly among immigrants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Mayo
- College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA
| | - Alyssa Lozano
- Department of Public Health Sciences and University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | | | - Steven A. Safren
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA
| | - Audrey Harkness
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA
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19
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Nilles C, Williams JVA, Patten S, Pringsheim T, Orr SL. Association Between Peer Victimization, Gender Diversity, Mental Health, and Recurrent Headaches in Adolescents: A Canadian Population-Based Study. Neurology 2023; 101:e1654-e1664. [PMID: 37532511 PMCID: PMC10624480 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000207738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES It is unknown whether bullying and gender diversity are associated with increased headache frequency in adolescents. Our study aimed to assess the association between peer victimization, gender diversity, and frequent recurrent headaches in adolescents, while controlling for age, sex, socioeconomic status, and potential confounders (mood and anxiety disorders, suicidality). METHODS This was a cross-sectional observational study of adolescents aged 12-17 years using data from a Canadian population-based health survey. Headache frequency was dichotomized into "≤once/wk" or ">once/wk" (i.e., frequent recurrent headaches). Logistic regression was used to quantify the association between frequent peer victimization (overt or relational), gender diversity (female sex at birth + male gender, male sex at birth + female gender, or gender diverse), mood/anxiety disorder, suicidality, and the odds of frequent recurrent headaches. The fully adjusted multivariable logistic regression model included all exposures and was controlled for age, sex, and socioeconomic status. Bootstrap replicate weighting was used to account for survey design effects. RESULTS There were an estimated 2,268,840 eligible participants (weighted sample size) (mean age = 14.4 years, 48.8% female, 0.5% gender diverse), and 11.2% reported frequent recurrent headaches. Frequent recurrent headaches were associated with older age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.26 per year of age, 95% CI 1.20-1.31), female sex (OR = 2.89, 95% CI 2.47-3.37), and being gender diverse (OR = 3.30, 95% CI 1.64-6.63, adjusted for age/sex). Youth with frequent headaches had higher odds of experiencing both overt and relational bullying compared with peers (OR = 2.69, 95% CI 2.31-3.14, and OR = 3.03, 95% CI 2.58-3.54, adjusted for age/sex). In the fully adjusted model, frequent headaches were no longer associated with gender diversity (OR = 1.53, 95% CI 0.63-3.69) but were still associated with frequent overt and relational peer victimization (OR = 1.82, 95% CI 1.41-2.34, and OR = 1.54, 95% CI 1.17-2.03, respectively), suicidality (OR = 1.83, 95% CI 1.44-2.32), and having a mood or anxiety disorder (OR = 1.50, 95% CI 1.01-2.21, and OR = 1.74, 95% CI 1.24-2.45, respectively). In a model adjusted for age, sex, and mood/anxiety disorders, the risk of suicidality increased incrementally with headache frequency. DISCUSSION Peer victimization and suicidality may be associated with higher headache frequency in adolescents with headaches, independently of mood and anxiety symptoms. Gender-diverse adolescents may have a higher risk of experiencing frequent headaches when compared with cisgender peers, and this may be explained by associated psychosocial factors (anxiety, depression, suicidality, and peer victimization).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Nilles
- From the Department of Clinical Neurosciences (C.N., S.P., T.P.), Psychiatry, Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary; Departments of Community Health Sciences (J.V.A.W.) and Clinical Neurosciences (T.P., S.L.O.), University of Calgary; Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education (S.P., T.P., S.L.O.); Hotchkiss Brain Institute (T.P., S.L.O.), University of Calgary; and Departments of Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences (S.L.O.), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jeanne V A Williams
- From the Department of Clinical Neurosciences (C.N., S.P., T.P.), Psychiatry, Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary; Departments of Community Health Sciences (J.V.A.W.) and Clinical Neurosciences (T.P., S.L.O.), University of Calgary; Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education (S.P., T.P., S.L.O.); Hotchkiss Brain Institute (T.P., S.L.O.), University of Calgary; and Departments of Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences (S.L.O.), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Scott Patten
- From the Department of Clinical Neurosciences (C.N., S.P., T.P.), Psychiatry, Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary; Departments of Community Health Sciences (J.V.A.W.) and Clinical Neurosciences (T.P., S.L.O.), University of Calgary; Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education (S.P., T.P., S.L.O.); Hotchkiss Brain Institute (T.P., S.L.O.), University of Calgary; and Departments of Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences (S.L.O.), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tamara Pringsheim
- From the Department of Clinical Neurosciences (C.N., S.P., T.P.), Psychiatry, Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary; Departments of Community Health Sciences (J.V.A.W.) and Clinical Neurosciences (T.P., S.L.O.), University of Calgary; Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education (S.P., T.P., S.L.O.); Hotchkiss Brain Institute (T.P., S.L.O.), University of Calgary; and Departments of Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences (S.L.O.), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Serena L Orr
- From the Department of Clinical Neurosciences (C.N., S.P., T.P.), Psychiatry, Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary; Departments of Community Health Sciences (J.V.A.W.) and Clinical Neurosciences (T.P., S.L.O.), University of Calgary; Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education (S.P., T.P., S.L.O.); Hotchkiss Brain Institute (T.P., S.L.O.), University of Calgary; and Departments of Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences (S.L.O.), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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20
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Firk C, Großheinrich N, Scherbaum N, Deimel D. The impact of social connectedness on mental health in LGBTQ + identifying individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:252. [PMID: 37644578 PMCID: PMC10466739 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01265-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies report that LGBTQ + people have experienced high levels of mental health problems during COVID-19-related social distancing. Given the well-established association between social isolation and mental health, the main aim of the current study was to investigate differences in mental health and (perceived) social isolation and social support in LGBTQ + individuals compared to heterosexual, cisgender people and to explore whether the hypothesized higher mental health burden in LGBTQ + individuals is (partly) mediated by (perceived) social isolation or social support. METHODS N = 531 participants indicating belonging to the LGBTQ + community and N = 1826 not identifying as LGBTQ + participated in a cross-sectional online survey during the initial COVID-19-related lockdown in Germany. Standardized questionnaires were used to assess depression, anxiety, suicidality, loneliness and social support. Further, perceived social isolation and face-to-face communication during the lockdown were assessed. RESULTS LGBTQ + people had higher levels of depression, anxiety and suicidal thought, were lonelier and experienced less social support than non-LGBTQ + identifying individuals. Mediation analysis showed that the higher levels of mental health burden in LGBTQ + people were (partly) mediated by reduced social connectedness. Further face-to-face contact positively affected mental health by reducing feelings of loneliness. CONCLUSION Given the high impact of loneliness on mental health, governmental actions should be taken to promote social connectedness particularly among LGBTQ + identifying individuals to ensure that the COVID-19 pandemic does not exacerbate the health inequalities that already exist between LGBTQ+-identifying and heterosexual, cisgender people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Firk
- Catholic University of Applied Sciences North Rhine-Westphalia, Robert-Schuman- Str. 25, 52066, Aachen, Germany.
- Institute of Health Research and Social Psychiatry, Catholic University of Applied Sciences North Rhine-Westphalia, Robert-Schuman-Str. 25, 52066, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Nicola Großheinrich
- Institute of Health Research and Social Psychiatry, Catholic University of Applied Sciences North Rhine-Westphalia, Robert-Schuman-Str. 25, 52066, Aachen, Germany
- Catholic University of Applied Sciences of North Rhine-Westphalia, Wörthstraße 10, 50668, Cologne, Germany
| | - Norbert Scherbaum
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, LVR-University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Daniel Deimel
- Catholic University of Applied Sciences North Rhine-Westphalia, Robert-Schuman- Str. 25, 52066, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, LVR-University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Institute for Addiction and Prevention Research, Catholic University of Applied Sciences North Rhine-Westphalia, Konrad-Adenauer-Ufer 79-81, 50668, Cologne, Germany
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21
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Marciano A, David Y, Antebi-Gruszka N. Facebook use and body dissatisfaction moderate the association between discrimination and suicidality among LGBQ individuals. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2023.107729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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22
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Wang XX, Cosquer M, Zhuang M, Ali A, Falissard B, Corruble E, Gressier F, Jousselme C. The role of parents' and friends' support in preventing suicide attempts among French sexual minority adolescents. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2023; 71:101594. [PMID: 36966599 DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2023.101594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES French sexual minority adolescents are at higher risk for suicide attempts than their heterosexual peers. However, little is known about the role of parents' and friends' support among French lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) youth. This study aimed to research the role of their support in preventing suicide attempts among LGB adolescents in France. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data were drawn from a French cross-sectional study entitled "Portraits d'adolescents". Parental support was defined by satisfactory relations between participants and their parents. Friends' support was defined by satisfactory relations between participants and their friends. Chi-square and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to estimate and identify associated factors of suicide attempts in LGB as opposed to heterosexual youth. RESULTS Data from a sample of 14,265 French adolescents aged 13 to 20 were analyzed. Among them, 637 (4.47%) identified as LGB. Attempted suicide was independently associated with sexual orientation (30.7% vs 10.6%; OR = 2.59 [2.11-3.18]; p < 0.0001). Both parents' and friends' support appeared to be protective factors in suicide attempts among heterosexuals (adjusted ORs = 0.40 [0.35-0.46] and 0.61 [0.51-0.75], respectively), whereas in the LGB group, only parental support was significant (adjusted OR = 0.42 [0.27-0.65]), independently of other variables. DISCUSSION Prevention efforts might be carried out by identifying within-group differences among French adolescents with different sexual orientations. The supportive role of family members should be strengthened. Positive resources and salutary support systems may effectively prevent suicide attempts. CONCLUSIONS French LGB adolescents have a higher risk for suicide attempts than their heterosexual peers. Parental support was reconfirmed as a major protective factor against suicide attempts in sexual minority adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Xu Wang
- CESP, U1018, Moods Team, Paris-Saclay University, Bicêtre University Hospital, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Centre Hospitalier Fondation Vallée, Gentilly, France.
| | - Mireille Cosquer
- CESP, U1018, Moods Team, Paris-Saclay University, Bicêtre University Hospital, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Centre Hospitalier Fondation Vallée, Gentilly, France
| | - Min Zhuang
- Saint Louis University, 1 N. Grand Blvd. St. Louis, MO 63103, USA
| | - Aminata Ali
- CESP, U1018, Moods Team, Paris-Saclay University, Bicêtre University Hospital, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Fondation Santé des Etudiants de France (FSEF), 75014, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Falissard
- CESP, U1018, Moods Team, Paris-Saclay University, Bicêtre University Hospital, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Emmanuelle Corruble
- CESP, U1018, Moods Team, Paris-Saclay University, Bicêtre University Hospital, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Department of Psychiatry, Bicêtre University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Florence Gressier
- CESP, U1018, Moods Team, Paris-Saclay University, Bicêtre University Hospital, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Department of Psychiatry, Bicêtre University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Catherine Jousselme
- CESP, U1018, Moods Team, Paris-Saclay University, Bicêtre University Hospital, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Centre Hospitalier Fondation Vallée, Gentilly, France
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Bornheimer LA, Verdugo JL, Krasnick J, Jeffers N, Storey F, King CA, Taylor SF, Florence T, Himle JA. A cognitive-behavioral suicide prevention treatment for adults with schizophrenia spectrum disorders in community mental health: Preliminary findings of an open pilot study. SOCIAL WORK IN MENTAL HEALTH 2023; 21:538-560. [PMID: 37727221 PMCID: PMC10506844 DOI: 10.1080/15332985.2023.2186736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Suicide is a leading cause of death among schizophrenia spectrum disorder populations. This open pilot study examined a modified cognitive-behavioral suicide prevention treatment for clients in community mental health. Providers (n=5) were trained to deliver the treatment and clients (n=5) received it in 10 individual therapy sessions. Clients experienced improvements in suicide ideation, depression, hopelessness, general symptoms of psychosis, entrapment, defeat, approaches to coping, psychological stress, impulsivity, and the number of treatment barriers from baseline to post-treatment. Qualitative findings reinforced quantitative results of client improvements and provided important suggestions to strengthen the intervention and its delivery in community mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay A. Bornheimer
- University of Michigan, School of Social Work, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- University of Michigan, Department of Psychiatry, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Julie Krasnick
- University of Michigan, School of Social Work, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Nakea Jeffers
- University of Michigan, School of Social Work, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Frank Storey
- University of Michigan, School of Social Work, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Cheryl A. King
- University of Michigan, Department of Psychiatry, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- University of Michigan, Department of Psychology, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Stephan F. Taylor
- University of Michigan, Department of Psychiatry, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Joseph A. Himle
- University of Michigan, School of Social Work, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- University of Michigan, Department of Psychiatry, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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24
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Jay SY, DeVylder J, Schiffman J, Pitts SC, Marsh J, Zhou S, Oh H. Exploring the relation between psychosis-like experiences and suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts among college students in the United States. Early Interv Psychiatry 2023; 17:272-280. [PMID: 35712796 DOI: 10.1111/eip.13325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM The suicide rate among college students is particularly high, with evidence that psychosis-like experiences (PLEs) put these individuals at greater risk. The current study explored whether there are differential relations between four subtypes of PLEs and three suicide outcomes. METHODS We analysed a large sample of college students from the Fall semester cohort of the 2020 Healthy Minds Study (HMS) (weighted N = 36727). PLEs and suicide outcomes were assessed using binary variables from the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview. RESULTS Findings revealed that reporting any of the subtypes of PLEs was associated with greater odds of suicidal ideation (SI), a suicide plan (SP) and a suicide attempt (SA) (signficant a ORs ranging from 1.30 to 3.30). For college students who endorsed SI or a SP in the past year, experiencing delusional mood (aOR [95% CI] = 1.30 [1.02-1.65]), suspiciousness (aOR [95% CI] = 1.31 [1.00-1.71]) and hallucinatory experiences (aOR [95% CI] = 2.76 [2.05-3.71]) in their lifetime increased their odds of reporting a SA in the past year. There was also evidence of a dose-dependent relation between the number of PLEs endorsed and all three suicide outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Certain subtypes of PLEs including delusional mood, suspiciousness and hallucinatory experiences may contribute to an elevated risk of suicide outcomes in college students. Moreover, the odds of reporting suicide outcomes were greater for individuals who endorsed a greater number of PLEs. It may be helpful to assess for indicated subtypes when determining suicide risk among college students and to be particularly mindful of those who report three or more PLEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Y Jay
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jordan DeVylder
- Graduate School of Social Service, Fordham University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jason Schiffman
- Department of Psychological Science, Social and Behavioral Sciences Gateway, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Steven C Pitts
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jonathan Marsh
- Graduate School of Social Service, Fordham University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sasha Zhou
- School of Public Health, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Hans Oh
- Suzanne Dworak Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Irvine, California, USA
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25
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Shepherd BF, Kelly LM, Brochu PM, Wolff JC, Swenson LP. An examination of theory-based suicidal ideation risk factors in college students with multiple marginalized identities. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPSYCHIATRY 2023; 93:107-119. [PMID: 36913274 PMCID: PMC10015593 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Social marginalization increases the risk of suicidal ideation (SI) among individuals with diverse identities, yet research examining the effects of marginalization has focused on one identity. Emerging adulthood is a critical period of identity development and the age group with the highest rates of SI. Considering the challenges of living in potentially heterosexist, cissexist, racist, and sizeist environments, we tested whether possessing multiple marginalized identities was associated with severity of SI through factors proposed in the interpersonal-psychological theory (IPT) and the three-step theory (3ST) of suicide and if mediation paths were moderated by sex. A sample of 265 college students completed a cross-sectional online survey assessing SI and constructs related to IPT and 3ST. The number of marginalized identities was generated by adding minoritized sexual orientation, race/ethnicity other than non-Hispanic White, body mass index >25 kg/m2, sexual attraction to same sex but identified as heterosexual, and gender-fluid identity. In IPT multiple mediation analyses, possessing more marginalized identities was associated with SI severity through burdensomeness and hopelessness, but not belonging. Indirect paths through burdensomeness and belonging were moderated by sex. For 3ST, possessing more marginalized identities was associated with SI severity through hopelessness and psychological pain, but not social connection or meaning in life. Future research should consider intersecting social identities and test mechanisms by which multiply marginalized college students develop resilience to SI risk factors, such as support within their marginalized groups, to inform suicide assessment and intervention efforts on college campuses. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lourah M. Kelly
- School of Medicine, University of Connecticut
- Department of Psychology, Suffolk University
| | - Paula M. Brochu
- Department of Clinical and School Psychology, Nova Southeastern University
| | - Jennifer C. Wolff
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University
- Rhode Island Hospital
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26
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Jacobson SV, Gilbert AC, O'Loughlin CM, Widman C, Law KC, Ammerman BA. Effects of sexual orientation and NSSI severity on suicide risk. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 157:174-179. [PMID: 36470199 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION People who identify as sexual minorities are at increased risk for suicide. Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is also a risk factor for suicide and NSSI severity may contribute to development of capability for lethal self-injury. Further research is needed to understand how NSSI severity increases suicide risk, specifically in high-risk populations like sexual minorities. The current study seeks to examine whether sexual minority adults exhibit greater NSSI severity and suicide risk than heterosexuals, and if NSSI severity moderates the relationship between sexual orientation and suicide risk. METHODS Undergraduate students (N = 1,994) who reported five or more acts of NSSI in their lifetime completed online self-report questionnaires including sexual orientation, NSSI severity, and suicide risk. RESULTS A factorial ANOVA demonstrated main effects of sexual orientation and NSSI severity on suicide risk. DISCUSSION The lack of significant interaction effect indicates NSSI severity does not amplify the effect of on sexual orientation on suicide risk; rather, it predicts the same level of increased risk across orientations. Therefore, suicidality related to both sexual orientation and NSSI severity are equally important treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha V Jacobson
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Seattle Pacific University, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Anna C Gilbert
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Seattle Pacific University, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Cammy Widman
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Seattle Pacific University, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Keyne C Law
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Seattle Pacific University, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Brooke A Ammerman
- Department If Psychology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
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27
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Wang XX, Gan Q, Zhou J, Cosquer M, Falissard B, Corruble E, Jousselme C, Gressier F. A systematic review of the factors associated with suicide attempts among sexual-minority youth. THE EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpsy.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Herchenroeder L, Post SM, Stock ML, Yeung EW. Loneliness and Alcohol-Related Problems among College Students Who Report Binge Drinking Behavior: The Moderating Role of Food and Alcohol Disturbance. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192113954. [PMID: 36360841 PMCID: PMC9658452 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192113954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Loneliness and alcohol misuse are common among college students and pose a threat to public health. To better understand the longitudinal association between these public health concerns we examined food and alcohol disturbance (FAD; i.e., restricting one's caloric intake prior to drinking) as a moderator in the association between loneliness and alcohol-related problems. Participants were 456 college students from a mid-sized university who engaged in past 30-day binge drinking. The majority of participants identified as being White (67.1%), female (78.1%), and reported a mean age of 19.61 (SD = 1.54) years. Participants completed two surveys (3 weeks apart) over the course of an academic semester. Analyses revealed a significant interaction between loneliness and FAD, such that loneliness (T1) significantly and positively predicted alcohol-related problems (T2), but only among individuals who engaged in relatively higher levels of FAD (T1). FAD may be an appropriate target for interventions aimed at reducing alcohol-related problems among college students experiencing loneliness.
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29
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Gómez F, Cumsille P, Barrientos J. Mental Health and Life Satisfaction on Chilean Gay Men and Lesbian Women: The Role of Perceived Sexual Stigma, Internalized Homophobia, and Community Connectedness. JOURNAL OF HOMOSEXUALITY 2022; 69:1777-1799. [PMID: 34080955 DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2021.1923278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The Minority Stress Model has proposed that connectedness to a specific minority community may be a protective factor for stigmatized groups. This study evaluated the mediational role of connectedness with the gay men's and lesbian women's community on the relationship between two minority stressors (internalized homophobia and perceived sexual stigma) with anxiety-depressive symptomatology and life satisfaction. The sample consisted of 467 Chilean self-identified as gay men (57%) and lesbian women (43%). Results revealed that the two minority stressors were associated with anxiety-depressive symptomatology, but only internalized homophobia was associated with life satisfaction. The mediation hypothesis was partially supported by the relationship between internalized homophobia and life satisfaction. Unexpectedly, we found a negative association between connectedness with the gay men's and lesbian women's community and life satisfaction. This finding introduces a view that contrasts with the literature, which proposes that connectedness with the specific community would be a protective factor against sexual stigma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Gómez
- Escuela de Psicología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricio Cumsille
- Escuela de Psicología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jaime Barrientos
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Alberto Hurtado, Santiago, Chile
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Bornheimer LA, Czyz E, Koo HJ, Li Verdugo J, Eisenberg D, Zheng K, Pistorello J, Albucher RC, Coryell W, Favorite T, King CA. Suicide risk profiles and barriers to professional help-seeking among college students with elevated risk for suicide. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 152:305-312. [PMID: 35772258 PMCID: PMC10653046 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Suicide is the second leading cause of death among college students, yet many students with elevated suicide risk do not seek professional help. This study identified suicide risk profiles among college students and examined these in relation to students' perceived barriers to professional help-seeking. Data were obtained from college students (n = 1689) identified to be at elevated risk for suicide based at four US universities. Latent class analysis was performed to determine risk profiles, followed by examinations of differences in help-seeking barriers by profile groupings. Results revealed three student groupings: (1) moderate internalizing and externalizing symptoms (with low alcohol misuse), (2) highest internalizing and externalizing symptoms (with highest social disconnection), and (3) lowest internalizing symptoms and low externalizing (with highest social connection and alcohol misuse). Group 1 included the youngest and most racially and sexually diverse students, Group 2 endorsed the most help-seeking barriers, and Group 3 endorsed the fewest barriers. Group 2 is especially concerning, considering the severe clinical characteristics, high number of barriers, and low connectedness to others for potential support. Understanding these differences across risk and barrier profiles is an important step towards developing tailored approaches to increase mental health care in college populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay A Bornheimer
- University of Michigan, School of Social Work, USA; University of Michigan, Department of Psychiatry, USA; University of Michigan Depression Center, USA; University of Michigan, Injury Prevention Center, USA.
| | - Ewa Czyz
- University of Michigan, Department of Psychiatry, USA
| | - Hyun Jung Koo
- University of Michigan, Department of Psychiatry, USA
| | | | - Daniel Eisenberg
- University of California, Los Angeles, Fielding School of Public Health, USA
| | - Kai Zheng
- University of California, Irvine, Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences, USA
| | | | - Ronald C Albucher
- Stanford University, Department of Psychiatry, Counseling and Psychological Services, USA
| | | | - Todd Favorite
- University of Michigan, Mary A. Rackham Institute, USA
| | - Cheryl A King
- University of Michigan, Department of Psychiatry, USA; University of Michigan Depression Center, USA; University of Michigan, Injury Prevention Center, USA; University of Michigan, Department of Psychology, USA
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Associations between discrimination and adverse mental health symptoms and disorder diagnoses among college students in the United States. J Affect Disord 2022; 310:249-257. [PMID: 35561881 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health disorders are prevalent among college students in the US. Perceived discrimination is a known risk factor for adverse mental health and is widespread on college campuses. METHODS We estimated the association between perceived discrimination and mental health among US college students using the American College Health Association-National College Health Assessment (ACHA-NCHA), a large national cross-sectional survey of college students. RESULTS 7.9% of students reported experiences of discrimination, and that discrimination was more common among minority students. Perceived discrimination was associated with 86 excess cases of students reporting being too depressed to function per 1000 students, and 27 excess cases of students reporting seriously considering suicide per 1000 students. Students who experienced discrimination had a 37% increase in the number of mental health symptoms (IRR 1.37 [95% CI 1.35, 1.39], P < .0001) compared to non-discriminated students, and a 94% increase in the number of mental health diagnoses (IRR 1.94 [95% CI 1.89, 1.99], P < .0001). Discrimination was positively associated with all mental health symptoms and diagnoses. This pattern was largely held across sub-analyses by race/ethnicity, gender, and sexual orientation, but with varying magnitudes. LIMITATIONS Inability to distinguish between the forms of discrimination experienced, whether involving gender, sexual orientation, or race/ethnicity. CONCLUSIONS Consequences of perceived discrimination are of clinical relevance for healthcare providers in general and mental health providers in particular. This study confirms the association between perceived discrimination and adverse mental health in college students. Efforts to reduce discrimination and bias in college campuses may improve the mental health of students.
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Salerno JP, Boekeloo BO. LGBTQ Identity-Related Victimization During COVID-19 Is Associated with Moderate to Severe Psychological Distress Among Young Adults. LGBT Health 2022; 9:303-312. [PMID: 35537518 PMCID: PMC9347301 DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2021.0280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Existing evidence indicates significant threats against the mental health of sexual and gender minority (SGM) young adults as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, including elevated rates of substance use, anxiety, depression, and traumatic stress. Therefore, it is imperative to understand the mechanistic identity-related factors that may influence the mental health needs of SGM young adults in the time of COVID-19. This study aims to examine the impact of increases in lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer or questioning (LGBTQ) identity-related victimization since the start of COVID-19 on psychological distress among SGM college students. Methods: A nonprobability, cross-sectional online survey was conducted between May and August 2020 to explore the psychological impacts of COVID-19 on U.S. SGM college students (N = 565). Previously validated scales were used to measure LGBTQ identity-related victimization and psychological distress. Chi-square tests of independence, independent samples T-tests, and adjusted logistic regression were used to examine the study aim. Results: Adjusted logistic regression findings revealed that reporting past year+more frequent LGBTQ identity-related victimization since the start of COVID-19 (compared to no report) was associated with over four times greater odds of experiencing moderate to severe psychological distress. Conclusion: Findings highlight the importance of research, practice, and policy stakeholders toward addressing the unique identity-related mental health needs and victimization experiences of SGM college students. Mental health, social service, and higher education practitioners have an important opportunity and responsibility toward identifying and intervening on SGM college students and young adults facing identity-related victimization amid the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P. Salerno
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
- University of Maryland Prevention Research Center (UMD-PRC), College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Bradley O. Boekeloo
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
- University of Maryland Prevention Research Center (UMD-PRC), College Park, Maryland, USA
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Chen D, Ying J, Zhou X, Wu H, Shen Y, You J. Sexual Minority Stigma and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury Among Sexual Minorities: the Mediating Roles of Sexual Orientation Concealment, Self-Criticism, and Depression. SEXUALITY RESEARCH & SOCIAL POLICY : JOURNAL OF NSRC : SR & SP 2022; 19:1690-1701. [PMID: 35789917 PMCID: PMC9243928 DOI: 10.1007/s13178-022-00745-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI), a significant predictor of suicide, is more frequent in sexual minorities (e.g., lesbian, gay, and bisexual) than in heterosexuals. The Minority Stress Model proposed that sexual minority stigma (SMS) may lead to maladaptive behaviors, including NSSI. However, the potential mechanism underlying the relationship between SMS and NSSI remains unclear. Therefore, the current study will examine the relationship between SMS and NSSI, and explore the serial mediating roles of sexual orientation concealment (SOC), self-criticism, and depression. Methods A total of 666 individuals who self-identified as sexual minorities (64.0% male, M age = 24.49 years, SD = 6.50) completed questionnaires of SMS, SOC, self-criticism, depression, and NSSI, in 2020. Results The findings indicated that (1) SMS, SOC, self-criticism, depression, and NSSI were positively correlated; (2) SOC, self-criticism, and depression independently played partial mediating roles between SMS and NSSI; and (3) SOC, self-criticism, and depression played serial mediating roles between SMS and NSSI. Conclusions The current study supported the relation between SMS and NSSI among Chinese sexual minorities, and also implied a potential mechanism underlying the relation. Specifically, SMS was related to increased NSSI by higher SOC, self-criticism, and depression. SOC had dual-edged effects on NSSI. Policy Implications To reduce NSSI and other psychological problems among sexual minorities, policy makers should take more measures to eliminate SMS. Specifically, policy makers are encouraged to provide more support for changing sexual minorities' living environment, such as repealing bills that could cause SMS and popularizing the knowledge about sexual orientation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danrui Chen
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, & School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiefeng Ying
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, & School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinglin Zhou
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, & School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 People’s Republic of China
| | - Huijiao Wu
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, & School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunhong Shen
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, & School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianing You
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, & School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 People’s Republic of China
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Pisani AR, Gould MS, Gallo C, Ertefaie A, Kelberman C, Harrington D, Weller D, Green S. Individuals who text crisis text line: Key characteristics and opportunities for suicide prevention. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2022; 52:567-582. [PMID: 35615898 PMCID: PMC9324113 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Text-based crisis services are increasingly prominent, with inclusion in the national 988 crisis number launching in 2022. Yet little is known about who uses them. This study seeks to understand the population served by Crisis Text Line (CTL), the largest crisis text service in the United States. METHODS Secondary data analysis was conducted on de-identified Crisis Counselor reports, texter post-conversation survey responses, and anonymized text conversation data from 85,877 texters who contacted CTL during a 12-month period. We examined Crisis Counselor's ratings of suicide ideation severity, texters' reports of race, gender, sexual orientation, recent mental health symptoms, and additional sources of help, and logs of frequency of contact. RESULTS 76% of texters were under 25. 79% were female. 48% identified as other than heterosexual/straight. 64% had only one conversation. 79% were above the clinical cutoff for depression and 80% for anxiety, while 23% had thoughts of suicide. 23% received help from a doctor or therapist, and 28% received help only from CTL. CONCLUSIONS CTL reaches a highly distressed, young, mostly female population, including typically underserved minorities and a substantial percentage of individuals who do not receive help elsewhere. These findings support the decision to include texting in the forthcoming national 988 implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony R. Pisani
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for the Study and Prevention of SuicideUniversity of RochesterRochesterNew YorkUSA
| | - Madelyn S. Gould
- Department of PsychiatryColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA,Department of EpidemiologyColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Carlos Gallo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral ScienceNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Ashkan Ertefaie
- Department of Biostatics and Computational BiologyUniversity of RochesterRochesterNew YorkUSA
| | - Caroline Kelberman
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for the Study and Prevention of SuicideUniversity of RochesterRochesterNew YorkUSA
| | - Donald Harrington
- Department of Biostatics and Computational BiologyUniversity of RochesterRochesterNew YorkUSA
| | - Daniel Weller
- Department of Biostatics and Computational BiologyUniversity of RochesterRochesterNew YorkUSA
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de Barros AC, Morrison TG. Development and validation of the Positive Bisexual Identity (PBI) scale. PSYCHOLOGY & SEXUALITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/19419899.2022.2057868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Todd G. Morrison
- Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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36
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Baer MM, Spitzen TL, Richmond JR, Tull MT, Gratz KL. Associations of interpersonal and intrapersonal emotion regulation strategies to suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. JOURNAL OF CONTEXTUAL BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Sherman ADF, Balthazar M, Klepper M, Febres-Cordero S, Valmeekanathan A, Prakash D, Cimino AN, Wharton W, Allure K, Kelly U. Approach and avoidant coping among black transgender women who have experienced violence: A qualitative analysis. Psychol Serv 2022; 19:45-61. [PMID: 34460276 PMCID: PMC9891319 DOI: 10.1037/ser0000581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Black transgender women face nearly universal exposure to violence. Coping behaviors among cisgender women who have survived violence are well delineated; however, there are relatively few studies examining coping strategies for transgender women. The purpose of this qualitative study was to identify and characterize coping behaviors employed by Black transgender women (from Baltimore, MD and Washington, DC metropolitan areas) following an experience of violence. Secondary qualitative data analysis was conducted using framework analysis to explore narratives of 19 Black transgender women. Themes regarding avoidant and approach coping behaviors were developed within the context of existing literature. Approach coping behavior themes included: Help-Seeking, Seeking Guidance and Support, Self-Protecting Behavior, Positive Reappraisal, Self-Affirmation, Self-Care, Connection to a Higher Power, and Acceptance. Avoidant coping behavior themes included: Cognitive Avoidance, Substance, Alcohol, and Tobacco Use, Emotional Discharge, and Seeking Alternative Rewards. Participants employed similar coping behaviors as seen among cisgender women survivors of violence. However, several unique applications of approach coping mechanisms were identified including self-protecting behavior and self-affirming behavior. Culturally informed application of the identified coping behaviors can be taught and integrated into trauma-informed mental health interventions to promote strength and resilience among Black transgender women. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Monique Balthazar
- The Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University,Byrdine F. Lewis College of Nursing and Health Professions, Georgia State University
| | - Meredith Klepper
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University
| | | | | | - Diane Prakash
- The Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University
| | - Andrea N. Cimino
- Danger Assessment Training and Technical Assistance Center, Johns Hopkins School of Nursing
| | - Whitney Wharton
- The Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University
| | - Kisha Allure
- Casa Ruby, Washington, District of Columbia, United States
| | - Ursula Kelly
- The Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University,Atlanta VA Health Care System, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
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Marco JH, Gallego-Hernández de Tejada B, Guillén V, Baños RM, Pérez S. Meaning in Life Buffers the Association between Perceived Burdensomeness, Thwarted Belongingness, and Frequency of Non-Suicidal Self-Injuries in Spanish Adolescents. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10214867. [PMID: 34768387 PMCID: PMC8584760 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10214867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence is a developmental stage when there is a high risk of engaging in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). There is recent interest in the study of thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensome as variables associated with the frequency of NSSI in adolescents. Meaning in life (MIL) might be negatively associated with thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness. To date, no studies have analyzed the buffering role of MIL in the association between thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness and the frequency of lifetime NSSI in Spanish adolescents. AIMS (a) To test whether thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness are associated with frequency of lifetime NSSI; (b) to test whether MIL moderates the association between thwarted belongingness and frequency of lifetime NSSI; and (c) to test whether MIL moderates the association between perceived burdensomeness and frequency of lifetime NSSI. METHOD The sample consisted of N = 1531 participants (n = 736, 48.1%, were men, and n = 795, 51.9%, were women) between 12 and 18 years old from Spain. The participants filled out the Inventory of Statements about Self-Injury, Purpose-In-Life Test-Adolescent Version, and Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire. Moderation analyses were performed. RESULTS No statistically significant differences were found in the frequency of lifetime NSSI in the adolescents based on gender. Thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness were positively associated with the frequency of lifetime NSSI in Spanish adolescents. MIL was a moderating variable between thwarted belongingness and the frequency of lifetime NSSI, and between perceived burdensomeness and the frequency of lifetime NSSI. CONCLUSIONS Thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness might be positively associated with the frequency of lifetime NSSI, and MIL might be negatively associated with the frequency of lifetime NSSI. Thus, adding these variables to current descriptive theories of NSSI in adolescents would allow us to improve assessment and treatment protocols for adolescents with NSSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose H. Marco
- Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológico, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (V.G.); (R.M.B.); (S.P.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CB06/03), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-963-983-431
| | - Blanca Gallego-Hernández de Tejada
- Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación e Intervención Terapéutica, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Católica de Valencia, San Vicente Mártir, 46100 Burjassot, Spain;
| | - Verónica Guillén
- Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológico, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (V.G.); (R.M.B.); (S.P.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CB06/03), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa M. Baños
- Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológico, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (V.G.); (R.M.B.); (S.P.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CB06/03), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Pérez
- Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológico, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (V.G.); (R.M.B.); (S.P.)
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Biedermann SV, Asmuth J, Schröder J, Briken P, Auer MK, Fuss J. Childhood adversities are common among trans people and associated with adult depression and suicidality. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 141:318-324. [PMID: 34304035 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Trans people suffer from increased rates of depression and suicidality even after gender-affirming medical interventions. The present study aims to examine the prevalence of childhood adversities in patients with gender dysphoria and to analyze its impact on adult depression and suicidality. Participants meeting diagnostic criteria of Gender Dysphoria were recruited in a cross-sectional multicenter study at four German health-care centers. Childhood adversities were assessed with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and additional single items for other childhood adversities. Associations between childhood adversities and adult depression and suicidality were calculated using regression analyses. A large majority of participants reported childhood adversities, and only 7% endorsed no adversities in the CTQ. Over 30% reported severe to extreme childhood adversities. One-fourth reported parents exhibiting violent behavior while bullying by peers was experienced by 70%. These adversities were associated with an increased risk for adult depression and suicidality. Time since beginning of hormonal therapy did not show a significant influence neither on depression nor on suicidality. Childhood adversities are common and associated with adult depression and suicidality in trans people. Adequately addressing these childhood adversities and providing trauma-informed mental health care might ameliorate the mental health burden in trans people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah V Biedermann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Center of Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.
| | - Janina Asmuth
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Center of Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Johanna Schröder
- Institute for Sex Research, Sexual Medicine and Forensic Psychiatry, Center of Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Peer Briken
- Institute for Sex Research, Sexual Medicine and Forensic Psychiatry, Center of Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Matthias K Auer
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Fuss
- Institute for Sex Research, Sexual Medicine and Forensic Psychiatry, Center of Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
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Gorczynski, PhD P, Fasoli, PhD F. Loneliness in sexual minority and heterosexual individuals: a comparative meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF GAY & LESBIAN MENTAL HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/19359705.2021.1957742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Gorczynski, PhD
- School of Sport, Health and Exercise Science, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, England
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Kia H, MacKinnon KR, Abramovich A, Bonato S. Peer support as a protective factor against suicide in trans populations: A scoping review. Soc Sci Med 2021; 279:114026. [PMID: 34010778 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE There is a growing body of research involving transgender (trans) individuals that foregrounds elevated rates of suicidality in trans populations. Although peer support is increasingly studied as a protective factor against suicide among trans persons, the scholarship in this area continues to be limited and has yet to be synthesized and appraised. OBJECTIVE In this paper, we address this existing gap in the literature by presenting the results of a scoping review of the literature examining the significance and function of peer support in mitigating suicide risk in trans populations. METHODS This scoping review is based on an analysis of 34 studies that were included following the execution of a methodical search and selection process. Drawing on scoping review methodology, along with PRISMA-P guidelines, we selected peer-reviewed empirical works, published between 2000 and 2020, which examined relationships between providing, seeking, and/or receiving peer support and suicide risk in trans populations. RESULTS Our findings, which are conceptualized using the minority stress model as a guiding theoretical framework, reveal that while the literature generally substantiates the protective significance of peer support for trans persons, a small body of work also uncovers novel and unanticipated sources of peer support, including social support offered by trans peers online, which are infrequently and inconsistently examined in this body of scholarship. CONCLUSIONS Using our appraisal of the literature, we outline the need for future research to further elucidate the significance and function of peer support in protecting against suicide among trans persons. In particular, we discuss the need for exploratory inquiry to inform a conceptualization and operationalization of peer support that more fully and consistently accounts for how such support (including online and community-based support) is sought, received, and experienced among trans persons in the context of suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Kia
- School of Social Work, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
| | | | - Alex Abramovich
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sarah Bonato
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
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Esposito C, Affuso G, Amodeo AL, Dragone M, Bacchini D. Bullying Victimization: Investigating the Unique Contribution of Homophobic Bias on Adolescent Non-suicidal Self-injury and the Buffering Role of School Support. SCHOOL MENTAL HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12310-021-09434-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AbstractResearch on bullying victimization has expanded to specific forms of harassment based on discriminatory bias, which involve aggressive behavior targeting an individual's identity characteristics, such as sexual orientation and/or gender expression. Recent studies have documented elevated health risks associated with victimization based on homophobic bias, above and beyond general victimization. The aim of the current study was to test the unique contribution of homophobic victimization on adolescent non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and to analyze the buffering role of teachers and classmates support. Participants were 770 adolescents (55.5% females; Mage = 15.35, SD = 1.62) enrolled in Italian public schools in grade nine (N = 483) and 12 (N = 287). All measures were collected during Spring 2016 using self-reported questionnaires. Zero-inflated Poisson regression analyses suggested that homophobic victimization had a unique contribution on NSSI frequency of engagement once initiated, but not on the probability of engaging in NSSI at least once. High classmates support was negatively associated with adolescents’ engagement in NSSI. Furthermore, higher levels of classmates support were associated with a lower NSSI frequency only for youth who reported low levels of homophobic victimization. In contrast, the association between classmates support and NSSI frequency was nonsignificant when youth reported high levels of homophobic victimization. No significant effects were found for teachers support. Overall, our findings underscore the need to address the serious concern of homophobic victimization within schools and the importance of promoting healthy and positive identity development in adolescence.
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Fehling KB, Selby EA. Suicide in DSM-5: Current Evidence for the Proposed Suicide Behavior Disorder and Other Possible Improvements. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:499980. [PMID: 33613330 PMCID: PMC7891495 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.499980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Suicide continues to be one of the greatest challenges faced by mental health clinicians and researchers, an issue made worse by increasing trends in the global suicide rate. Suicide behavior disorder (SBD) was introduced in DSM-5 as a disorder for further consideration and potential acceptance into the diagnostic system. There are numerous positive developments that would arise from the addition of a suicide-related diagnosis. Utilizing the 2009 guidelines established by Kendler and colleagues, the present review examines the evidence for SBD's validity and discusses the diagnosis' potential clinical benefits and limitations. Altogether, growing evidence indicates that SBD has preliminary validity and benefit. SBD presents with several significant limitations, however, and possible alternative additions to future DSMs are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edward A Selby
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
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