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Oker A, Laraki Y, Anders R, Fongaro E, Capdevielle D, Raffard S. Validation of the French COVID-Related Thoughts and Behavioral Symptoms Questionnaire (Cov-Tabs): A self-report assessment. L'ENCEPHALE 2024:S0013-7006(23)00217-8. [PMID: 38311477 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2023.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The COVID-Related Thoughts and Behavioral Symptoms (Cov-Tabs) is a self-reported questionnaire developed to identify the presence of psychological distress and anxiety-related behavior associated with COVID-19. This scale has been used since the first episodes of mass contamination of COVID-19 disease in the USA without psychometric validation analysis. The objective of this paper is to validate the French version of the Cov-TaBS. METHOD In this study, we assessed a French translation of Cov-Tabs in 300 subjects from the general population. Moreover, we assessed convergent and discriminant validities using an anxiety and depression scale and a paranoid ideation scale. Statistical analyses consisted of evaluating internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and construct validity as well. RESULTS The French translation of the Cov-Tabs demonstrated high internal consistency and reliability, as well as good temporal stability over a period of less than 2 weeks. It also showed strong convergent validity with anxiety and depression traits and divergent validity with paranoid ideation. CONCLUSION Our study indicates that the French version of the Cov-Tabs has robust psychometric properties and is a valid tool for evaluating behavioral symptomatology and thoughts related to COVID-19 disease. Therefore, the French version of the Cov-Tabs is a valid tool that can be used in French-speaking individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Oker
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, C2S, Reims, France.
| | - Yasmine Laraki
- CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Laboratoire EPSYLON (EA 4556), Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier 3, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Royce Anders
- Laboratoire EPSYLON (EA 4556), Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier 3, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Delphine Capdevielle
- CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Laboratoire EPSYLON (EA 4556), Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier 3, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France; IGF, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Stéphane Raffard
- CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Laboratoire EPSYLON (EA 4556), Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier 3, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Sun X, Zhong J. The dimensionality of perceptual anomalies and their relationships with bullying victimization among Chinese adolescents: From a network perspective. Schizophr Res 2023; 262:42-50. [PMID: 37922843 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2023.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Anomalous perceptual experiences in adolescents are common and may predict future psychotic disorders and other psychopathologies. However, the underlying structure and their specific relationships with bullying victimizations, a typical stressor for adolescents, remain unclear. Therefore, the current study aimed to clarify the structure of perceptual anomalies as assessed by the Cardiff Anomalous Perceptions Scale (CAPS) using exploratory graph analysis (EGA), a new factor retention method based on network psychometrics. The second aim was to explore whether specific dimensions of perceptual anomalies are particularly associated with certain forms of bullying victimization. Data from a validated sample of 1199 Chinese adolescents (56.0 % females, age range: 14-20) on perceptual anomalies and bullying victimizations were analyzed using network approaches, including EGA and mixed graphical modeling (mgm). Results showed that each anomalous perception was experienced by 13.8-50.3 % of the participants. EGA identified four dimensions: aberrant bodily perceptions, altered daily experiences, chemosensation (i.e., abnormal gustatory and olfactory experiences), and clinical psychosis (i.e., visual and auditory hallucinatory experiences). Among them, the altered daily experiences dimension possessed the highest centrality. Physical bullying and cyberbullying were directly and positively linked to two of the aberrant bodily experiences. Bootstrap analyses suggest that the results are reliable. The current findings support the existence of multiple contributive factors to perceptual anomalies and underscore the importance of bullying prevention in reducing mental health risks for adolescents, particularly the risk of psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Sun
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China; The Center for Mind and Brain Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Jingyi Zhong
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Berglund AM, Raugh IM, Macdonald KI, James SH, Bartolomeo LA, Knippenberg AR, Strauss GP. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on hallucinations and delusions in youth at clinical high-risk for psychosis and outpatients with schizophrenia. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2023; 273:1329-1338. [PMID: 36680609 PMCID: PMC9862234 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-023-01551-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Although the COVID-19 pandemic has had detrimental effects on mental health in the general population, the impact on those with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders has received relatively little attention. Assessing pandemic-related changes in positive symptoms is particularly critical to inform treatment protocols and determine whether fluctuations in hallucinations and delusions are related to telehealth utilization and treatment adherence. In the current longitudinal study, we evaluated changes in the frequency of hallucinations and delusions and distress resulting from them across three-time points. Participants included: (1) outpatients with chronic schizophrenia (SZ: n = 32) and healthy controls (CN: n = 31); (2) individuals at clinically high risk for psychosis (CHR: n = 25) and CN (n = 30). A series of questionnaires were administered to assess hallucination and delusion severity, medication adherence, telehealth utilization, and protective factors during the pandemic. While there were no significant increases in the frequency of hallucinations and delusions in SZ and CHR, distress increased from pre-pandemic to early pandemic in both groups and then decreased at the third time point. Additionally, changes in positive symptom severity in SZ were related to psychiatric medication adherence. Findings suggest that positive symptoms are a critical treatment target during the pandemic and that ongoing medication services will be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alysia M Berglund
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, 125 Baldwin St., Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Ian M Raugh
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, 125 Baldwin St., Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Kelsey I Macdonald
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, 125 Baldwin St., Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Sydney H James
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, 125 Baldwin St., Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Lisa A Bartolomeo
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, 125 Baldwin St., Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Anna R Knippenberg
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, 125 Baldwin St., Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Gregory P Strauss
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, 125 Baldwin St., Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
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Ellett L, Schlier B, Kingston JL, Zhu C, So SHW, Lincoln TM, Morris EMJ, Gaudiano BA. Pandemic paranoia in the general population: international prevalence and sociodemographic profile. Psychol Med 2023; 53:5748-5755. [PMID: 36065655 PMCID: PMC9530376 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291722002975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The term 'pandemic paranoia' has been coined to refer to heightened levels of mistrust and suspicion towards other people specifically due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, we examine the international prevalence of pandemic paranoia in the general population and its associated sociodemographic profile. METHODS A representative international sample of general population adults (N = 2510) from five sites (USA N = 535, Germany N = 516, UK N = 512, Australia N = 502 and Hong Kong N = 445) were recruited using stratified quota sampling (for age, sex, educational attainment) and completed the Pandemic Paranoia Scale (PPS). RESULTS The overall prevalence rate of pandemic paranoia was 19%, and was highest in Australia and lowest in Germany. On the subscales of the PPS, prevalence was 11% for persecutory threat, 29% for paranoid conspiracy and 37% for interpersonal mistrust. Site and general paranoia significantly predicted pandemic paranoia. Sociodemographic variables (lower age, higher population size and income, being male, employed and no migrant status) explained additional variance and significantly improved prediction of pandemic paranoia. CONCLUSIONS Pandemic paranoia was relatively common in a representative sample of the general population across five international sites. Sociodemographic variables explained a small but significant amount of the variance in pandemic paranoia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyn Ellett
- School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Björn Schlier
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Chen Zhu
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Suzanne Ho-wai So
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Tania M. Lincoln
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eric M. J. Morris
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Brandon A. Gaudiano
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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Mengin AC, Allé MC, Koning E, Pham B, Park S, Berna F, Giersch A. Facing the pandemic and lockdown: an insight on mental health from a longitudinal study using diaries. SCHIZOPHRENIA 2022; 8:22. [PMID: 35292663 PMCID: PMC8922066 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-022-00222-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We conducted a longitudinal online study to examine attenuated psychotic symptoms (APS) over time in a sample of locked-down individuals. We used (i) questionnaires and (ii) the automatic analysis of the emotional content of narratives. Participants (N = 162) were recruited to complete an online survey 4 times between March and June 2020 (T1, T2, T3, T4). T1 completion coincided with the beginning of the lockdown, and T4 with the pandemic trough. Depression, anxiety, and stress were assessed with the DASS-42 and APS with the PQ-16. Psychosocial data such as the feeling of loneliness and social network size were also collected. The participants wrote daily narratives during the lockdown period. Anxiety and APS were the highest at T1 and decreased over time. APS and APS-associated distress were correlated with the DASS-42 at all times. APS arose acutely at the beginning of the pandemic, despite participants being socio-economically advantaged, and were related with negative emotions.
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Wong KKY, Wang Y, Esposito G, Raine A. A three-timepoint network analysis of Covid-19's impact on schizotypal traits, paranoia and mental health through loneliness. UCL OPEN ENVIRONMENT 2022; 4:e044. [PMID: 37228468 PMCID: PMC10208351 DOI: 10.14324/111.444/ucloe.000044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The 2019 coronavirus (Covid-19) pandemic has impacted people's mental wellbeing. Studies to date have examined the prevalence of mental health symptoms (anxiety and depression), yet fewer longitudinal studies have compared across background factors and other psychological variables to identify vulnerable subgroups in the general population. This study tests to what extent higher levels of schizotypal traits and paranoia are associated with mental health variables 6- and 12-months since April 2020. Over 2300 adult volunteers (18-89 years, female = 74.9%) with access to the study link online were recruited from the UK, the USA, Greece and Italy. Self-reported levels of schizotypy, paranoia, anxiety, depression, aggression, loneliness and stress from three timepoints (17 April to 13 July 2020, N1 = 1599; 17 October to 31 January 2021, N2 = 774; and 17 April to 31 July 2021, N3 = 586) were mapped using network analysis and compared across time and background variables (sex, age, income, country). Schizotypal traits and paranoia were positively associated with poorer mental health through loneliness, with no effect of age, sex, income levels, countries and timepoints. Loneliness was the most influential variable across all networks, despite overall reductions in levels of loneliness, schizotypy, paranoia and aggression during the easing of lockdown (time 3). Individuals with higher levels of schizotypal traits/paranoia reported poorer mental health outcomes than individuals in the low-trait groups. Schizotypal traits and paranoia are associated with poor mental health outcomes through self-perceived feelings of loneliness, suggesting that increasing social/community cohesion may improve individuals' mental wellbeing in the long run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keri Ka-Yee Wong
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, University College London, London, UK
| | - Yi Wang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gianluca Esposito
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
- Psychology Program, School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Adrian Raine
- Departments of Criminology, Psychiatry, and Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Toh WL, Sumner PJ, Meyer D, Neill E, Phillipou A, Tan EJ, Van Rheenen TE, Rossell SL. Investigating predictors contributing to the expression of schizotypy during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 150:231-236. [PMID: 35398666 PMCID: PMC8976875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has caused major disruptions to social and other forms of functioning, which may influence schizotypy expression. The current study aimed to explore possible distal and proximal predictors contributing to schizotypy in a sample of the Australian general population during the COVID-19 pandemic. The COvid-19 and you: mentaL heaLth in AusTralia now survEy (COLLATE) project is an online mental health study aimed at tracking key mental health indicators over the progression of the pandemic. Adults residing in Australia were invited to take part using non-discriminative snowball sampling. Demographic-clinical information was collected for 850 participants in either October 2020 or January 2021. To assess schizotypy facets, the Launay-Slade Hallucinations Scale-Extended (LSHS-E) and Peters Delusions Inventory (PDI-21) were used to measure hallucination and delusion proneness respectively. Generalised linear models (with gamma and negative binomial distributions) were employed. Age, negative emotions and loneliness significantly contributed to both hallucination and delusion proneness; gender, education and religiosity also significantly contributed to delusion proneness, in the final regression models. Our study corroborated the specific contribution of loneliness, amongst other factors, in the prediction of schizotypy facets. Tackling loneliness represents a public health challenge that needs to be urgently addressed, especially in the face of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lin Toh
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Philip J. Sumner
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Corresponding author. Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - Denny Meyer
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Erica Neill
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Department of Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrea Phillipou
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Department of Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Department of Mental Health, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Eric J. Tan
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Department of Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Tamsyn E. Van Rheenen
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne & Melbourne Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Susan L. Rossell
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Department of Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Does lockdown during COVID-19 pandemic destabilize bipolar patients? A prospective study. LA PRESSE MÉDICALE OPEN 2022. [PMCID: PMC8826604 DOI: 10.1016/j.lpmope.2022.100021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Emergent literature reports that confirmed or suspected cases of COVID-19 can lead to severe psychological stress. However, a small but growing number of studies have consistently suggested that individuals exhibit significant coping capability facing the pandemic. The main objective of this study was to describe the effects of the pandemic, during and after the lockdown periods, on mood, anxiety and chronobiological rhythms in a cohort of bipolar patients. Material and methods We conducted a prospective and descriptive study on patients with a DSM‐5 diagnosis of bipolar I disorder or bipolar II disorder and evaluated the Perceived Stress Scale (a 10-item self-administered questionnaire) at two times: 1) during the period of the French first lockdown (N = 159 patients); and 2) from one week to six weeks after the lockdown period (N = 94 patients). Our primary objective was composite and focused on the mood levels and the perceived stress during these two periods. Results This study shows that the mood is stable, and perceived stress scores decrease between the lockdown and the post-lockdown periods. Moreover, regarding the patient's living space, we found a significant (positive) correlation between the number of rooms and the mood, as well as a significant influence on the mood by the number of residents living with the patient during the lockdown. Conclusion These results suggest that our cohort of bipolar patients could have good coping abilities under extraordinary stressful situations. In the future, it could be relevant to monitor the long-term potential impact of such stress.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Loneliness is a common experience in patients with personality disorders (PDs) that are characterized by impairment in self (identity, self-direction) and interpersonal functioning (empathy, intimacy). Here, we review studies assessing the association of loneliness with PD or PD traits including DSM-5's Alternative Model of PD (AMPD). RECENT FINDINGS The number of loneliness studies varied greatly among different PDs with most studies conducted in borderline PD. Across PDs, loneliness was associated with the severity of psychopathological symptoms and with several AMPD trait domains. Consequently, loneliness may contribute to PD severity and further impair personality functioning. Loneliness and PD share intra- and interpersonal factors (i.e., increased rejection sensitivity, information processing biases, social withdrawal) and common origins in childhood maltreatment that may explain their close association. Future research needs to investigate mechanisms on how loneliness and core characteristics of PD mutually reinforce each other in order to therapeutically address loneliness in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias A. Reinhard
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital Munich, Nussbaumstr. 7, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Tabea Nenov-Matt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital Munich, Nussbaumstr. 7, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Frank Padberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital Munich, Nussbaumstr. 7, 80336 Munich, Germany
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Oh H, Goehring J, Rajkumar R, Besecker M, Zhou S, DeVylder JE. COVID-19 dimensions and psychotic experiences among US college students: Findings from the Healthy Mind Study 2020. Schizophr Res 2021; 237:148-152. [PMID: 34534946 PMCID: PMC8438539 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has caused tremendous changes in daily living, which may be related to mental health problems, including psychotic experiences, though research has only begun to assess these associations. METHODS We analyzed data from the Healthy Minds Survey (Fall Semester Cohort 2020), which is a non-probability sample of students attending one of 36 universities in the United States, who completed an online survey during the COVID-19 pandemic (September-December 2020). We used multivariable logistic regression to examine the associations between several COVID-19 dimensions (anxiety, discrimination, financial distress, infection, illness of loved one, death of loved one, caregiving) and 12-month psychotic experiences, adjusting for age, gender, race/ethnicity, and international student status. RESULTS Each individual COVID-19 dimension was significantly associated with greater odds of having 12-month psychotic experiences, with the exception of being a caregiver. When accounting for all COVID-19 dimensions simultaneously in the same model, only COVID-19 related anxiety, financial distress, and infection were associated with psychotic experiences. CONCLUSION COVID-19 dimensions were linked to psychotic experiences among university students, which may also apply to the larger population. This can potentially inform assessment and treatment during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Oh
- Suzanne Dworak Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, 1149 Hill St Suite 1422, Los Angeles, CA 90015, United States of America.
| | - Jessica Goehring
- Suzanne Dworak Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, 1149 Hill St Suite 1422, Los Angeles, CA 90015, United States of America
| | - Ravi Rajkumar
- Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, India
| | - Megan Besecker
- Suzanne Dworak Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, 1149 Hill St Suite 1422, Los Angeles, CA 90015, United States of America
| | - Sasha Zhou
- Department of Public Health, Wayne State University, United States of America
| | - Jordan E. DeVylder
- Fordham University, Graduate School of Social Service, United States of America
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11
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Allé MC, Berntsen D. Self-isolation, psychotic symptoms and cognitive problems during the COVID-19 worldwide outbreak. Psychiatry Res 2021; 302:114015. [PMID: 34062477 PMCID: PMC8131183 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The worldwide outbreak of CoronaVirus Disease appeared in 2019 (COVID-19) has forced millions of people into social isolation. Past research has documented negative psychological effects of self-isolation during health crises, in terms of stress, anger or depressive symptoms, but overall ignored psychotic symptoms and cognitive problems. The present study (n = 211) examined the relationship between the conditions of self-isolation - that is, duration, living space, frequency of social interactions - and psychotic symptoms and cognitive problems during the COVID-19 outbreak. The frequency of both psychotic symptoms and cognitive problems was associated with time since last conversation, with time since the person last left home and with smaller living space. Participants who reported an increase of psychotic symptoms and cognitive problems during the period of the pandemic also showed higher levels of symptoms. Although social isolation is an effective method for preventing the COVID-19 from spreading, for some individuals it is associated with an increased risk of developing psychotic symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélissa C Allé
- Center on Autobiographical Memory Research, Department of Psychology and Behavioural Sciences, Aarhus University, Denmark.
| | - Dorthe Berntsen
- Center on Autobiographical Memory Research, Department of Psychology and Behavioural Sciences, Aarhus University, Denmark
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12
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Dean DJ, Tso IF, Giersch A, Lee HS, Baxter T, Griffith T, Song L, Park S. Cross-cultural comparisons of psychosocial distress in the USA, South Korea, France, and Hong Kong during the initial phase of COVID-19. Psychiatry Res 2021; 295:113593. [PMID: 33276269 PMCID: PMC8087149 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 crisis has resulted in disruption of everyday life worldwide but the impact and response to the pandemic have not been uniform. Many countries rapidly deployed physical-distancing mandates to curb the spread of the virus; others did not. Social distancing strategies are necessary to reduce the transmission of the virus but there may be unintended consequences. We examined psychological distress in four societies with distinct public health strategies (South Korea, Hong Kong, France and the United States) to identify common and region-specific factors that may contribute to mental health outcome during the pandemic. From March to July of 2020, a survey of demographics, general health, mental health, loneliness and social networks was conducted. Overall, younger age, greater concern for COVID, and more severe loneliness predicted worse psychological outcome but the magnitudes of these effects varied across the four regions. Objective measures of social isolation did not affect mental health. There were also notable differences in psychological outcome; Hong Kong, with very strict social distancing protocols plus ongoing political unrest, suffered the most drastic deterioration of mental health. To prepare for an impending mental health crisis, concerted efforts to reduce loneliness should be integrated into a comprehensive public health strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek J Dean
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ivy F Tso
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Anne Giersch
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Strasbourg, France
| | - Hyeon-Seung Lee
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Tatiana Baxter
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Taylor Griffith
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Lijun Song
- Department of Sociology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sohee Park
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
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