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Shah K, Kumari R, Jain M. Unveiling stress markers: A systematic review investigating psychological stress biomarkers. Dev Psychobiol 2024; 66:e22490. [PMID: 38680082 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Psychological stress is a ubiquitous facet of modern life, impacting individuals across diverse contexts and demographics. Understanding its physiological manifestations through biomarkers has gained substantial attention within the scientific community. A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases for peer-reviewed articles published within the past decade. Preliminary findings reveal many biomarkers associated with psychological stress across different biological systems, including the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, immune system, cardiovascular system, and central nervous system. This systematic review explores psychological, physiological, and biochemical biomarkers associated with stress. Analyzing recent literature, it synthesizes findings across these three categories, elucidating their respective roles in stress response mechanisms. Psychological markers involve subjective assessments like self-reported stress levels, perceived stress scales, or psychometric evaluations measuring anxiety, depression, or coping mechanisms. Physiological markers include heart rate variability, blood pressure, and immune system responses such as cytokine levels or inflammatory markers. Biochemical markers involve hormones or chemicals linked to stress. It includes cortisol, catecholamines, copeptin, salivary amylase, IL-6, and C-reactive protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushi Shah
- Cell and Developmental Biology Lab, Research and Development Cell, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
- Department of Life Sciences, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Ruchi Kumari
- Cell and Developmental Biology Lab, Research and Development Cell, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
- Department of Life Sciences, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Mukul Jain
- Cell and Developmental Biology Lab, Research and Development Cell, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
- Department of Life Sciences, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
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Rivera Gómez AK, Perafán Collazos JF, Prieto JL, Pinzón PV, Ávila González GI, Nino Castaño VE, Dueñas Cuellar RA. Prolonged chronic academic stress and its relationship with cytokine dysregulation in health science students. Stress Health 2024; 40:e3363. [PMID: 38146787 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Academic stress is a problem that affects students due to a number of factors that are considered stressors. These include academic overload and completion of assignments and exams, exacerbated by such external conditions as family, social and economic problems. Together, these can affect emotional and physical health, which may lead in the long term to developing a number of pathologies, given the alteration of immunological homoeostasis with which they are related. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of academic stress on the production of cytokines IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10 in Morphology students in the Faculty of Health Sciences of the Universidad del Cauca during an academic period. METHODOLOGY A descriptive longitudinal study was carried out with a population of 78 students studying Morphology, among the subjects with the highest academic load in the Physiotherapy, Medicine, Nursing and Phonoaudiology programs in the Faculty. Academic stress was assessed in the students by applying the Academic Stress Questionnaire (ASQ), and through quantification of the IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10 cytokines using the ELISA (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) technique in three "moments" of the academic semester: Moment 1: beginning of the academic semester; Moment 2: week of evaluations of 70% of the semester; Moment 3: week of final exams. RESULTS The students perceived stress as "normal" at Moment 1, while at Moments 2 and 3 it was perceived as "quite a lot", with percentages of 48.7% and 50%, respectively. The predominant stressors were: "methodological deficiencies", "academic overload", and "exams", for the three moments of the study. "Physical exhaustion" was the most prevalent stress response at all three moments, followed by "irascible behaviour" (Moment 2 and 3), and "sleep disturbances" (Moment 3). To cope with the stress, the students resorted mainly to "planning and management of personal resources" in the three moments of the study. A progressive increase in the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α and a decrease in IL-10 were observed at all three moments. A correlation was found between some questions belonging to the "methodological deficiencies", "beliefs about performance", "sleep disturbances", "physical exhaustion" and "irascible behaviour" dimensions with IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and IL. -10. CONCLUSION The morphology students suffer increased stress indicators (perceived stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines) throughout the academic period. The "methodological deficiencies", "academic overload" and "exams" stressors, together with "physical exhaustion", "sleep disturbances" and "irascible behaviour", possibly influence the production of the IL-6, TNF-α and IL-10 cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angie Katherine Rivera Gómez
- Research Group in Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Medicine Program, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad del Cauca, Popayán, Colombia
| | | | - Jerónimo Londoño Prieto
- Human Body Movement Research Group, Physiotherapy Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad del Cauca, Popayán, Colombia
| | - Paola Vernaza Pinzón
- Human Body Movement Research Group, Physiotherapy Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad del Cauca, Popayán, Colombia
| | - Gloria Inés Ávila González
- Research Group in Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Medicine Program, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad del Cauca, Popayán, Colombia
| | - Victoria Eugenia Nino Castaño
- Research Group in Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Medicine Program, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad del Cauca, Popayán, Colombia
| | - Rosa Amalia Dueñas Cuellar
- Research Group in Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Medicine Program, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad del Cauca, Popayán, Colombia
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Hansen AS, Rask CU, Kallesøe KH. Inflammatory Markers in Children and Adolescents with Functional Somatic Disorders: A Systematic Review. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:549. [PMID: 38790544 PMCID: PMC11119612 DOI: 10.3390/children11050549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Functional somatic disorders (FSDs) are common in children and adolescents. Recent findings suggest that low-grade inflammation has a role in the development and maintenance of pediatric FSDs. This systematic review included studies with original data on systemic inflammatory markers in children and adolescents with an FSD compared to individuals without an FSD. The literature search identified 1374 articles. After assessment, a total of 15 studies met the inclusion criteria. In total, 41 serum or plasma cytokines were assayed in a population of 696 children and adolescents. Altered cytokine levels in patients with FSDs were reported in 12 studies, whereas three studies found no significant differences when comparing patients with FSDs and controls. The cytokine levels were significantly elevated in nine studies (i.e., IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12 (p70), CRP, hsCRP, IP-10, MCP-1, sTIM-3, sCD25 and TNF-α). The findings indicate that inflammatory response may have a role in the pathophysiology of pediatric FSDs. However, the included studies showed limited quality with potential risk of bias, small study populations and a narrow spectrum of included FSDs, which limits the generalizability of the results. To further explore the potential link between inflammatory markers and pediatric FSDs, future research using a longitudinal study design is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Sofie Hansen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Ulrikka Rask
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Aarhus University Hospital Psychiatry, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark; (C.U.R.); (K.H.K.)
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Karen Hansen Kallesøe
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Aarhus University Hospital Psychiatry, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark; (C.U.R.); (K.H.K.)
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
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Hendry E, McCallister B, Elman DJ, Freeman R, Borsook D, Elman I. Validity of mental and physical stress models. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 158:105566. [PMID: 38307304 PMCID: PMC11082879 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Different stress models are employed to enhance our understanding of the underlying mechanisms and explore potential interventions. However, the utility of these models remains a critical concern, as their validities may be limited by the complexity of stress processes. Literature review revealed that both mental and physical stress models possess reasonable construct and criterion validities, respectively reflected in psychometrically assessed stress ratings and in activation of the sympathoadrenal system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. The findings are less robust, though, in the pharmacological perturbations' domain, including such agents as adenosine or dobutamine. Likewise, stress models' convergent- and discriminant validity vary depending on the stressors' nature. Stress models share similarities, but also have important differences regarding their validities. Specific traits defined by the nature of the stressor stimulus should be taken into consideration when selecting stress models. Doing so can personalize prevention and treatment of stress-related antecedents, its acute processing, and chronic sequelae. Further work is warranted to refine stress models' validity and customize them so they commensurate diverse populations and circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Hendry
- Center for Autonomic and Peripheral Nerve Disorders, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brady McCallister
- Center for Autonomic and Peripheral Nerve Disorders, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dan J Elman
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roy Freeman
- Center for Autonomic and Peripheral Nerve Disorders, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David Borsook
- Departments of Psychiatry and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Department of Anesthesiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Igor Elman
- Department of Psychiatry, Cambridge Health Alliance, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Min Z, Zhou J, Mao R, Cui B, Cheng Y, Chen Z. Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Administration Alleviates Allergic Airway Inflammation in Mice by Regulating the JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:1267841. [PMID: 36345503 PMCID: PMC9637035 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1267841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The current asthma therapies are inadequate for many patients with severe asthma. Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a naturally-occurring redox cofactor and nutrient that can exert a multitude of physiological effects, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects. We sought to explore the effects of PQQ on allergic airway inflammation and reveal the underlying mechanisms. In vitro, the effects of PQQ on the secretion of epithelial-derived cytokines by house dust mite- (HDM-) incubated 16-HBE cells and on the differentiation potential of CD4+ T cells were investigated. In vivo, PQQ was administered to mice with ovalbumin- (OVA-) induced asthma, and lung pathology and inflammatory cell infiltration were assessed. The changes in T cell subsets and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) were evaluated by flow cytometry. Pretreatment with PQQ significantly decreased HDM-stimulated thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) production in a dose-dependent manner in 16-HBE cells and inhibited Th2 cell differentiation in vitro. Treatment with PQQ significantly reduced bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) inflammatory cell counts in the OVA-induced mouse model. PQQ administration also changed the secretion of IFN-γ and IL-4 as well as the percentages of Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg cells in the peripheral blood and lung tissues, along with inhibition the phosphorylation of STAT1, STAT3, and STAT6 while promoting that of STAT4 in allergic airway inflammation model mice. PQQ can alleviate allergic airway inflammation in mice by improving the immune microenvironment and regulating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Our findings suggest that PQQ has great potential as a novel therapeutic agent for inflammatory diseases, including asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Min
- Institute of Clinical Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiebai Zhou
- Respiratory Division of Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Respiratory Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruolin Mao
- Respiratory Division of Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Respiratory Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Cui
- Respiratory Division of Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Respiratory Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunfeng Cheng
- Institute of Clinical Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihong Chen
- Respiratory Division of Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Respiratory Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Jiménez-Mijangos LP, Rodríguez-Arce J, Martínez-Méndez R, Reyes-Lagos JJ. Advances and challenges in the detection of academic stress and anxiety in the classroom: A literature review and recommendations. EDUCATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES 2022; 28:3637-3666. [PMID: 36193205 PMCID: PMC9517993 DOI: 10.1007/s10639-022-11324-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, stress and anxiety have been identified as two of the leading causes of academic underachievement and dropout. However, there is little work on the detection of stress and anxiety in academic settings and/or its impact on the performance of undergraduate students. Moreover, there is a gap in the literature in terms of identifying any computing, information technologies, or technological platforms that help educational institutions to identify students with mental health problems. This paper aims to systematically review the literature to identify the advances, limitations, challenges, and possible lines of research for detecting academic stress and anxiety in the classroom. Forty-four recent articles on the topic of detecting stress and anxiety in academic settings were analyzed. The results show that the main tools used for detecting anxiety and stress are psychological instruments such as self-questionnaires. The second most used method is acquiring and analyzing biological signals and biomarkers using commercial measurement instruments. Data analysis is mainly performed using descriptive statistical tools and pattern recognition techniques. Specifically, physiological signals are combined with classification algorithms. The results of this method for detecting anxiety and academic stress in students are encouraging. Using physiological signals reduces some of the limitations of psychological instruments, such as response time and self-report bias. Finally, the main challenge in the detection of academic anxiety and stress is to bring detection systems into the classroom. Doing so, requires the use of non-invasive sensors and wearable systems to reduce the intrinsic stress caused by instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura P. Jiménez-Mijangos
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Avenida Universidad, Toluca, 50100 Estado de México México
| | - Jorge Rodríguez-Arce
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Avenida Universidad, Toluca, 50100 Estado de México México
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Tollocan, Toluca, 50180 Estado de México México
| | - Rigoberto Martínez-Méndez
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Avenida Universidad, Toluca, 50100 Estado de México México
| | - José Javier Reyes-Lagos
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Tollocan, Toluca, 50180 Estado de México México
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Angrand L, Masson JD, Rubio-Casillas A, Nosten-Bertrand M, Crépeaux G. Inflammation and Autophagy: A Convergent Point between Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)-Related Genetic and Environmental Factors: Focus on Aluminum Adjuvants. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10090518. [PMID: 36136483 PMCID: PMC9502677 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10090518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder are genetically complex and heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) resulting from genetic factors and gene-environment (GxE) interactions for which onset occurs in early brain development. Recent progress highlights the link between ASD and (i) immunogenetics, neurodevelopment, and inflammation, and (ii) impairments of autophagy, a crucial neurodevelopmental process involved in synaptic pruning. Among various environmental factors causing risk for ASD, aluminum (Al)-containing vaccines injected during critical periods have received special attention and triggered relevant scientific questions. The aim of this review is to discuss the current knowledge on the role of early inflammation, immune and autophagy dysfunction in ASD as well as preclinical studies which question Al adjuvant impacts on brain and immune maturation. We highlight the most recent breakthroughs and the lack of epidemiological, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data constituting a "scientific gap". We propose additional research, such as genetic studies that could contribute to identify populations at genetic risk, improving diagnosis, and potentially the development of new therapeutic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Angrand
- Univ Paris Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, F-94010 Créteil, France; (L.A.); (J.-D.M.)
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort IMRB, F-94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
- INSERM UMR-S 1270, 75005 Paris, France;
- Sorbonne Université, Campus Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
- Institut du Fer à Moulin, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Daniel Masson
- Univ Paris Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, F-94010 Créteil, France; (L.A.); (J.-D.M.)
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort IMRB, F-94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Alberto Rubio-Casillas
- Biology Laboratory, Autlán Regional Preparatory School, University of Guadalajara, Autlán 48900, Jalisco, Mexico;
- Autlán Regional Hospital, Health Secretariat, Autlán 48900, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Marika Nosten-Bertrand
- INSERM UMR-S 1270, 75005 Paris, France;
- Sorbonne Université, Campus Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
- Institut du Fer à Moulin, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Guillemette Crépeaux
- Univ Paris Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, F-94010 Créteil, France; (L.A.); (J.-D.M.)
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort IMRB, F-94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
- Correspondence:
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Dalpati N, Jena S, Jain S, Sarangi PP. Yoga and meditation, an essential tool to alleviate stress and enhance immunity to emerging infections: A perspective on the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on students. Brain Behav Immun Health 2022; 20:100420. [PMID: 35072120 PMCID: PMC8767968 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has negatively impacted the global healthcare and economic systems worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic has also created an emotional and psychological pandemic among people of all ages irrespective of economic status and physical wellbeing. As a consequence of prolonged lockdowns, one of the most severely affected age groups globally is the young adults' group, especially students. Uncertainties in the academic calendar, restricted outdoor activities, and unusual daily routines during lockdowns led to higher incidences of stress, anxiety, and depression among students worldwide. In this review, we summarise the available evidence on the effect of lockdowns on students and discuss possible positive impacts of yoga and meditation on various psychological, emotional, and immunological parameters, which can significantly influence the general wellbeing and academic performance of students. Perspectives shared in the review will also bring awareness on how yoga and meditation could boost students' performance and assist them in maintaining physical and mental wellbeing during stressful conditions such as future epidemics and pandemics with novel infections. This information could help create better educational curriculums and healthy routines for students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nibedita Dalpati
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Subhashree Jena
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Shikha Jain
- Institute Wellness Center, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Pranita P Sarangi
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
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Effects of Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris YRC3780 daily intake on the HPA axis response to acute psychological stress in healthy Japanese men. Eur J Clin Nutr 2022; 76:574-580. [PMID: 34349248 PMCID: PMC8993685 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-021-00978-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris (YRC3780), which is isolated from kefir, has been associated with anti-allergic effects in humans. However, it remains unknown whether daily intake of YRC3780 attenuates the response to psychological stress in humans in parallel with changes to the gut microbiome. We examined the fundamental role of YRC3780 in the gut microbiome, stress response, sleep, and mental health in humans. METHODS Effects of daily intake of YRC3780 on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis response to acute psychological stress were investigated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial involving 27 healthy young men (mean age and body mass index: 23.5 years and 21.5 kg/m2) who were randomly assigned to placebo (n = 13) or YRC3780 (n = 14) groups. The HPA axis response to acute psychological stress, the diurnal rhythm of HPA axis activity, and gut microbiome were assessed and compared between the two groups. RESULTS The results showed that daily intake of YRC3780 significantly lowered morning salivary cortisol levels compared with placebo. In addition, salivary cortisol levels following a social stress test significantly decreased +40 min after beginning the TSST in the YRC3780-treated group compared to placebo. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of actigraphy-based sleep quality, but the subjective sleep quality and mental health were significantly improved in the YRC3780-treated group compared to placebo. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that daily intake of YRC3780 improves the HPA axis response to acute psychological stress, which might be associated with a decrease in morning cortisol levels.
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Lamontagne SJ, Pizzagalli DA, Olmstead MC. Does inflammation link stress to poor COVID-19 outcome? Stress Health 2021; 37:401-414. [PMID: 33315291 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to ravage communities across the world. Despite its primary effect on the respiratory system, the virus does not solely impact those with underlying lung conditions as initially predicted. Indeed, prognosis is worsened (often fatal) in patients with pre-existing hyperinflammatory responses (e.g., hypertension, obesity and diabetes), yet the mechanisms by which this occurs are unknown. A number of psychological conditions are associated with inflammation, suggesting that these may also be significant risk factors for negative outcomes of COVID-19. In this review, we evaluate preclinical and clinical literature suggesting that chronic stress-induced hyperinflammation interacts synergistically with COVID-19-related inflammation, contributing to a potentially fatal cytokine storm syndrome. In particular, we hypothesize that both chronic stress and COVID-19-related hyperinflammation are a product of glucocorticoid insufficiency. We discuss the devastating effects of SARS-CoV-2 on structural and functional aspects of the biological stress response and how these induce exaggerated inflammatory responses, particularly interleukin (IL)-6 hypersecretion. We postulate that chronic stress should be considered a significant risk factor for adverse COVID-19-related health outcomes, given overlapping peripheral and central immune dysregulation in both conditions. We conclude by discussing how people with a history of chronic stress could mitigate their risk for COVID-19 complications, identifying specific strategies that can be implemented during self-isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Lamontagne
- Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.,Center for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Research, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Diego A Pizzagalli
- Center for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Research, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mary C Olmstead
- Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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Banupriya N, Bhat BV, Sridhar MG. Role of Zinc in Neonatal Sepsis. Indian J Pediatr 2021; 88:696-702. [PMID: 33893972 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-021-03748-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis emerges as a complex clinical syndrome with activation of an innate host response to infections. Despite advancement in therapeutic approaches, infants with sepsis remain hospitalized for longer durations and it remains to be a major health problem in today's world. Zinc as a trace element, has the potential to improve the host's defence mechanism against various pathogenic diseases. During sepsis, a redistribution of zinc from serum into the liver has been observed and earlier studies imply a correlation between serum zinc levels and the outcome of sepsis. Zinc also appears to have a potential to be used as a biomarker of sepsis outcome. There are only few reports available to show the efficacy of zinc supplements in the management of neonatal sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Newton Banupriya
- Department of Neonatology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
| | - Ballambattu Vishnu Bhat
- Department of Pediatrics & Neonatology and Division of Research, Aarupadai Veedu Medical College & Hospital, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation, Pondicherry, 607403, India.
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Effects of stress associated with academic examination on the kynurenine pathway profile in healthy students. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252668. [PMID: 34081742 PMCID: PMC8174692 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of stress on the neuroendocrine, central nervous and immune systems are extremely complex. The kynurenine pathway (KP) of the tryptophan metabolism is recognised as a cross-link between the neuroendocrine- and immune systems. However, the effects of acute stress from everyday life on KP activation have not yet been studied. This study aims to investigate changes in the levels of the KP neuroactive metabolites and cytokines in response to stress triggered by academic examinations. Ninety-two healthy first year medical students benevolently participated in the study. Parameters were measured pre- examination, which is considered to be a high-stress period, and post-examination, as a low-stress period. Stress induced by academic examinations significantly increases the perceived stress scores (p<0.001), serum cortisol levels (p<0.001) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels (p<0.01). It decreased IL-10 levels (p<0.05) but had no effect on IL-6 and TNF-alpha levels. Only the KP neuroactive metabolite, 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK) significantly increased (p<0.01) in the post-examination period. In addition, the stress scores positively correlated with the levels of cortisol (r2 = 0.297, p<0.01) at post examination. Acute stress triggered by academic examinations increases cortisol and BDNF production and suppresses the anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10, but did not increase significantly the levels of other pro-inflammatory cytokines, tryptophan, kynurenine and downstream KP metabolites. The concomitant increased levels of BDNF under the duress of acute examination stress appear to limit the levels pro-inflammatory markers, which may attenuate the action of cortisol and the neuroinflammatory branch of the KP.
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Green MJ, Aylott JW, Williams P, Ghaemmaghami AM, Williams PM. Immunity in Space: Prokaryote Adaptations and Immune Response in Microgravity. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11020112. [PMID: 33540536 PMCID: PMC7912908 DOI: 10.3390/life11020112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune dysfunction has long been reported by medical professionals regarding astronauts suffering from opportunistic infections both during their time in space and a short period afterwards once back on Earth. Various species of prokaryotes onboard these space missions or cultured in a microgravity analogue exhibit increased virulence, enhanced formation of biofilms, and in some cases develop specific resistance for specific antibiotics. This poses a substantial health hazard to the astronauts confined in constant proximity to any present bacterial pathogens on long space missions with a finite number of resources including antibiotics. Furthermore, some bacteria cultured in microgravity develop phenotypes not seen in Earth gravity conditions, providing novel insights into bacterial evolution and avenues for research. Immune dysfunction caused by exposure to microgravity may increase the chance of bacterial infection. Immune cell stimulation, toll-like receptors and pathogen-associated molecular patterns can all be altered in microgravity and affect immunological crosstalk and response. Production of interleukins and other cytokines can also be altered leading to immune dysfunction when responding to bacterial infection. Stem cell differentiation and immune cell activation and proliferation can also be impaired and altered by the microgravity environment once more adding to immune dysfunction in microgravity. This review elaborates on and contextualises these findings relating to how bacteria can adapt to microgravity and how the immune system subsequently responds to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macauley J. Green
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (M.J.G.); (J.W.A.)
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (P.W.); (A.M.G.)
| | - Jonathan W. Aylott
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (M.J.G.); (J.W.A.)
| | - Paul Williams
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (P.W.); (A.M.G.)
| | - Amir M. Ghaemmaghami
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (P.W.); (A.M.G.)
| | - Philip M. Williams
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (M.J.G.); (J.W.A.)
- Correspondence:
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Takemori Y, Sasayama D, Toida Y, Kotagiri M, Sugiyama N, Yamaguchi M, Washizuka S, Honda H. Possible utilization of salivary IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio as a marker of chronic stress in healthy individuals. Neuropsychopharmacol Rep 2021; 41:65-72. [PMID: 33465301 PMCID: PMC8182956 DOI: 10.1002/npr2.12157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Several studies show that psychological stress reduces Th1/Th2 ratio in blood samples. However, evidence is scarce regarding the cytokine alterations during stress in saliva. We investigated the influence of chronic stress on Th1/Th2 ratio and cytokine profiles in the saliva of healthy individuals. Further, we examined the associations of the salivary cytokine levels with sleep and attention problems, which are closely related with psychological stress. Methods Salivary levels of 27 cytokines were measured by multiplex bead array assays in 31 healthy young individuals (health science students and hospital staff consisting of 11 men and 20 women, mean age [standard deviation] =21.5 [0.8] years). The Kessler Psychological Distress scale (K10) and Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) were administered to assess subjective chronic psychological stress and sleep problems. Further, participants were asked to wear Actigraph GT3X accelerometers for 3 days to assess the total sleep time. Attention problems were assessed by administering the Integrated Visual and Auditory Continuous Performance Test (IVA‐CPT). Results Thirteen cytokines with >80% detectable results were included in the main analyses. The IFN‐γ/IL‐4 ratio, which is a commonly used index for Th1/Th2 ratio, showed significant negative correlations with the K10 and AIS scores. None of the cytokines were significantly associated with sex, body mass index, sleep index measured by Actigraph, or IVA‐CPT scores. Conclusion Chronic stress may be associated with alterations of the Th1/Th2 balance in salivary cytokine production. IFN‐γ/IL‐4 ratio in saliva may serve as a potential biomarker of chronic stress in healthy individuals. The present study investigated the influence of chronic stress on Th1/Th2 ratio and cytokine profiles in the saliva of healthy individuals. The IFN‐γ/IL‐4 ratio showed a significant negative correlation with chronic stress, assessed by the Kessler Psychological Distress scale. IFN‐γ/IL‐4 ratio in saliva may serve as a potential biomarker of chronic stress in healthy individuals.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuika Takemori
- Department of Health Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.,Mental Health Clinic for Children, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Daimei Sasayama
- Mental Health Clinic for Children, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan.,Department of Child and Adolescent Developmental Psychiatry, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yukiyo Toida
- Department of Health Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Minori Kotagiri
- Department of Applied Occupational Therapy, Shinshu University School of Health Sciences, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Sugiyama
- Department of Psychiatry, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan.,Department of Applied Occupational Therapy, Shinshu University School of Health Sciences, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Masaki Yamaguchi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering & Robotics, Shinshu University Graduate School of Science & Technology, Ueda, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Washizuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
| | - Hideo Honda
- Mental Health Clinic for Children, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan.,Department of Child and Adolescent Developmental Psychiatry, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
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Alfreeh L, Abulmeaty MMA, Abudawood M, Aljaser F, Shivappa N, Hebert JR, Almuammar M, Al-Sheikh Y, Aljuraiban GS. Association between the Inflammatory Potential of Diet and Stress among Female College Students. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12082389. [PMID: 32785011 PMCID: PMC7468951 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A pro-inflammatory diet may have an adverse influence on stress and inflammatory biomarker levels among college students. The dietary inflammatory index (DII®) is a tool used to assess the inflammatory potential of a diet. However, evidence for the association between DII and stress is limited. We examined the association between energy-adjusted DII (E-DIITM), high sensitivity-C-reactive protein [hs-CRP], and stress among female college students. This cross-sectional study included 401 randomly selected female students, aged 19–35 years. Data collection included blood, anthropometric measurements, a healthy-history questionnaire, the perceived stress scale (PSS-10), the Saudi food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and E-DII. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to examine the association between FFQ-derived E-DII score, hs-CRP, and PSS. A higher E-DII score per 1SD (1.8) was associated with a 2.4-times higher PSS score (95% CI: 1.8, 3.1). Higher hs-CRP per 1SD (3.3 mg/L) was associated with a 0.9 (95% CI: 0.7–1.1) times higher PSS score, independent of lifestyle and dietary factors. Our findings indicate that pro-inflammatory diets were highly prevalent among Saudi college students and were associated with higher stress levels. Consideration of the role of stress and focusing on anti-inflammatory foods may be key for healthier dietary habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leenah Alfreeh
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (L.A.); (M.M.A.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Mahmoud M. A. Abulmeaty
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (L.A.); (M.M.A.A.); (M.A.)
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Manal Abudawood
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (F.A.); (Y.A.-S.)
- Chair of Medical and Molecular Genetics Research, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Feda Aljaser
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (F.A.); (Y.A.-S.)
- Chair of Medical and Molecular Genetics Research, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; (N.S.); (J.R.H.)
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - James R. Hebert
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; (N.S.); (J.R.H.)
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - May Almuammar
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (L.A.); (M.M.A.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Yazeed Al-Sheikh
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (F.A.); (Y.A.-S.)
- Chair of Medical and Molecular Genetics Research, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghadeer S. Aljuraiban
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (L.A.); (M.M.A.A.); (M.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-118051122
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Network between Cytokines, Cortisol and Occupational Stress in Gas and Oilfield Workers. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21031118. [PMID: 32046214 PMCID: PMC7037782 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
To test whether gas and oil field work is accompanied by stress and altered immune function, the perception of workplace stress, levels of salivary cortisol, plasma levels, and mononuclear cell production of cytokines were examined in 80 healthy workers recruited among a population of operators on gas and oilfields. Specific questionnaires for determining the perception of anxiety, occupational stress, and subjective symptoms were administered. Salivary cortisol and cytokines plasma levels were evaluated by Elisa and to investigate immune function, both spontaneous and PHA- or LPS-induced expression and production of cytokines were assessed by qRT-PCR. Workers showed medium stress levels at work, with growth and increased motivation for work, and based on salivary cortisol concentrations, were divided into two groups of ≤10 ng/mL (n = 31) or >10 ng/mL (n = 49). Statistically significant higher plasma levels of IL-6, while lower TNFα, were detected in workers with cortisol >10 ng/mL. Also, BMI, DL, JD and Job strain were significantly higher in workers with cortisol >10 ng/mL. Thus, even modest variations of cortisol might have a role in the modulation of immune response and worker’s vulnerability to health imbalance.Thus, the evaluation of immune status, in addition to cortisol levels, could be useful to prevent illnesses; exacerbation of pre-existing conditions; morbidity; and consequent absences from work, with economic repercussions.
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Hong M, Liao Y, Liang J, Chen X, Li S, Liu W, Gao C, Zhong Z, Kong D, Deng J, Zhang J, Pan G. Immunomodulation of human CD19+CD25high regulatory B cells via Th17/Foxp3 regulatory T cells and Th1/Th2 cytokines. Hum Immunol 2019; 80:863-870. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2019.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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18
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[Liver X receptors define the immune response during general adaptation syndrome (GAS)]. C R Biol 2019; 342:136-141. [PMID: 31501012 DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The impact of stressful conditions on immunity seems mixed and at times counterbalanced. Such inconsistencies can often be attributed to the fact that the notion of stress has a very wide meaning and covers a large number of different situations. Research on liver X receptors using both natural and synthetic ligands may help to solve this conflict. When an infectious agent is present in a stressed body, LXR activation is likely to be a key element in the regulation of POMC, IFN-γ, and IL-18; moreover, it is a unique anti-inflammatory mode of action. They concurrently stimulate a non-specific immune reaction as they suppress inflammatory and autoimmune processes.
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Lauriello M, Di Rubbo V, Sinatti G, Pasqua M, Tucci C, di Marco GP, Necozione S, Eibenstein A. Correlation Between SNOT-22, Nasal Cytology, and Mood Disorders in Patients With Allergic Rhinitis Treated With a Liposomal Nasal Spray. ALLERGY & RHINOLOGY 2019; 10:2152656719866809. [PMID: 31413887 PMCID: PMC6676260 DOI: 10.1177/2152656719866809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) can suffer from mood disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical effect of a liposomal nasal spray (LN) containing vitamins A and E on the nasal mucosa in patients suffering from AR who had refused any type of anti-allergic treatment. For this purpose, the results of nasal cytology, Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-22 (SNOT-22), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) test were analyzed. Moreover, we evaluated the relationship between SNOT-22 and nasal cytology and between nasal symptoms and HADS scores. Statistical analysis revealed a significant decrease of scores at T1 in the LN treatment group as concerns VAS, SNOT-22, HADS-Anxiety test and a remarkable reduction of inflammatory cells detected with nasal cytology. Our study showed that higher levels of SNOT-22 corresponded to a higher level of HADS-Anxiety. The mechanisms underlying this relationship in AR patients are currently unknown, but we can suppose that improving mucosal trophism may contribute to the decrease of nasal symptoms and anxiety scores. The improvement of nasal symptoms, as measured by SNOT-22, was significantly correlated with the objective results of nasal cytology. These relationships between SNOT-22 and nasal cytology and between anxiety and cytology were investigated for the first time in our research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lauriello
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Vittoria Di Rubbo
- Specialty School of ENT, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Gaia Sinatti
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Marina Pasqua
- Specialty School of ENT, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Tucci
- Specialty School of ENT, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Necozione
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Alberto Eibenstein
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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Yun C, Chang M, Hou G, Lan T, Yuan H, Su Z, Zhu D, Liang W, Li Q, Zhu H, Zhang J, Lu Y, Deng J, Guo H. Mangiferin suppresses allergic asthma symptoms by decreased Th9 and Th17 responses and increased Treg response. Mol Immunol 2019; 114:233-242. [PMID: 31386980 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Mangiferin is the major bioactive ingredient in the leaves of Mangifera indica L., Aqueous extract of such leaves have been traditionally used as an indigenous remedy for respiratory diseases including cough and asthma in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Mangiferin was shown to exert its anti-asthmatic effect by modulating Th1/Th2 cytokines imbalance via STAT6 signaling pathway. However, compelling evidence indicated that subtypes of T helpers and regulatory T cells other than Th1/Th2 were also involved in the pathogenesis of asthma. In current study, we investigated the effects of mangiferin on the differentiation and function of Th9, Th17 and Treg cells in a chicken egg ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthmatic mouse model. Mangiferin significantly attenuated the symptoms of asthma attacks, reduced the total number of leukocytes, EOS and goblet cells infiltration in lung. Simultaneously, treatment with mangiferin remarkably decreased the proportion of Th9 and Th17 cells; reduced the levels of IL-9, IL-17A; inhibited the expression of PU.1 and RORγt in lung. However, the proportion of Treg cells, the expression of IL-10, TGF-β1 and Foxp3 were increased by mangiferin. Our data suggest that mangiferin exerted anti-asthmatic effect through decreasing Th9 and Th17 responses and increasing Treg response in OVA-induced asthmatic mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxia Yun
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 13 Wuhe Road, Nanning, 30200, China; School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Ming Chang
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China; Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education & Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Guanghan Hou
- The Fourth Hospital of Changsha, 70 Lushan Road, Changsha 410006, China
| | - Taijin Lan
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 13 Wuhe Road, Nanning, 30200, China
| | - Hebao Yuan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 1600 Huron Parkway, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Zhiheng Su
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Dan Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Weiping Liang
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China; Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education & Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Qiaofeng Li
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China; Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education & Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Hongyan Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education & Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education & Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China.
| | - Jiagang Deng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Studies of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 13 Wuhe Road, Nanning 530200, China.
| | - Hongwei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education & Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China; College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China.
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21
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Effect of casein and whey proteins on examination stress. MARMARA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.5472/marumj.570904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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22
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Moderate Aerobic Exercise Enhances the Th1/Th2 Ratio in Women with Asthma. TANAFFOS 2019; 18:230-237. [PMID: 32411263 PMCID: PMC7210570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise training on the serum IL-4/IFN-γ ratio (Th1/Th2 balance), testosterone/cortisol ratio, levels of cortisol, testosterone, estrogen, and progesterone, and body mass index (BMI) and to determine the relationship between changes in these variables in women with asthma. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-one women with mild to moderate asthma and regular menstrual cycles were selected in this study. Eleven women in the exercise group participated in the aerobic exercise program (60 min/day, three days a week in the evening). Peripheral blood samples were collected before (week 0) and after (week 12) the program. The samples were analyzed to determine the levels of sex hormones and cortisol via chemiluminescence assay, and cytokines were examined by ELISA assay. RESULTS The findings showed a significant increase in the Th1/Th2 ratio and a decrease in cortisol and BMI in the exercise group, compared to the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant correlation between changes in cortisol, sex hormones, and BMI and the increase in Th1/Th2 ratio. CONCLUSION The present results suggested that moderate aerobic exercise enhances the Th1/Th2 ratio, independent of changes in steroid hormone level and BMI in women with asthma.
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Blood Cytokine Profile in Rats with Different Behavioral Characteristics after Metabolic Stress. Bull Exp Biol Med 2019; 166:432-435. [PMID: 30788745 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-019-04366-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Changes in the blood cytokine profile in rats with various parameters of behavior were studied under conditions of 5-day starvation not followed by the recovery period or with subsequent normalization of food intake. Metabolic stress had no effect on the content of most cytokines. The concentration of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in blood plasma of rats was shown to increase significantly by the end of a 5-day recovery period after food deprivation. These changes in behaviorally passive specimens were more pronounced than in active animals. Therefore, differences in the strain of immune reactions in mammals with different prognostic resistance to extreme factors are most pronounced during the post-stress period. These data illustrate the necessity of an individual approach to studying the systemic organization of physiological functions under normal and pathological conditions.
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Shakarami Z, Esmaeili Gouvrchin Ghaleh H, Mansouri Motlagh B, Sheikhian A, Jalali Kondori B. Evaluation of the protective and therapeutic effects of Pistacia atlantica gum aqueous extract on cellular and pathological aspects of experimental asthma in Balb/c mice. AVICENNA JOURNAL OF PHYTOMEDICINE 2019; 9:248-259. [PMID: 31143692 PMCID: PMC6526037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective and therapeutic effects of aqueous extract of P. atlantica gum on an experimental asthma in BALB/c mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Aqueous extract of dried and milled P. atlantica gum was assemble and evaluate by GC-MS. In order to investigate the effect of P. atlantica gum extract on cellular and pathological aspects of asthma, 60 BALB/c mice were divided into six groups as: negative control, asthmatic group, asthmatic group receiving dexamethasone (1mg/kg; intraperitoneal (IP)) and three asthmatic groups receiving different concentrations of the extract (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, orally) from the beginning of the study and continued for 84 days. The examined parameters included cell population, IgE antibody production, levels of IL-4, IL-5, TGF-β, INF-γ, IL-10, and IL-17 cytokines, and lung tissue damage. RESULTS Regardless of the dose, aqueous extract of P. atlantica gum, caused significant decrease in the number of BALF eosinophilic cells and levels of anti-ovalbumin IgE, IL-4, IL-5 and IL-17 cytokine levels, as well as pathologic damage of the lung tissue. In addition, the amount of anti-inflammatory IL-10, TGF-β, and INF-γ Th1 cytokines significantly increased in the extract-treated groups compared to the asthmatic and dexamethasone-treated groups. Moreover, IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner compared to the un-treated asthma group. CONCLUSION The aqueous extract of P. atlantica gum can be considered as a potent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory compound and may be used as a natural compound for treatment of immune system disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaynab Shakarami
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.,Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
| | | | | | - Ali Sheikhian
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.,Corresponding Author: Tel: +989166616974, Fax: +986633120126 ,
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Su Y, Zhang X, Xin H, Li S, Li J, Zhang R, Li X, Li J, Bao J. Effects of prior cold stimulation on inflammatory and immune regulation in ileum of cold-stressed broilers. Poult Sci 2018; 97:4228-4237. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION The global incidence and prevalence of allergic diseases are increasing as is the intensity and duration of excessive psychological stress due to multiple factors associated with living in today's world such as personal, social and political unrest, increased fear and anxiety, and/or depression often leading to hopelessness. Both allergy and chronic psychological stress are characterized by immune imbalances that have similar characteristics. Thus, it is reasonable to posit that the two are interactive and stress may induce as well as complicate at least some allergic diseases. Areas covered: Stress management/reduction has been proposed with various physical, pharmacological, and psychological interventions for both preventive and therapeutic reasons. A useful intervention involves mindfulness techniques, which allow the individual to put their life situation in context for better personal management. Expert commentary: Future studies must be developed that will further examine the role of excess psychological stress in specific allergic diseases and evaluate the effectiveness of various stress intervention protocols, particularly those involving mindfulness, to determine which individual would best respond clinically to which intervention. When this is accomplished, assessment and treatment of psychological stress will become a standard component of clinical care for allergy, asthma, and other immune-based diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gailen D Marshall
- a Laboratory of Behavioral Immunology Research, Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine , The University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson , MS , USA
| | - Matthew T Tull
- b Department of Psychology , The University of Toledo , Toledo , OH , USA
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