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Smythies LE, Belyaeva OV, Alexander KL, Bimczok D, Nick HJ, Serrano CA, Huff KR, Nearing M, Musgrove L, Poovey EH, Garth J, Russ K, Baig KRKK, Crossman DK, Peter S, Cannon JA, Elson CO, Kedishvili NY, Smith PD. Human intestinal stromal cells promote homeostasis in normal mucosa but inflammation in Crohn's disease in a retinoic acid-deficient manner. Mucosal Immunol 2024:S1933-0219(24)00063-1. [PMID: 38945396 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2024.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Intestinal stromal cells (SCs), which synthesize the extracellular matrix that gives the mucosa its structure, are newly appreciated to play a role in mucosal inflammation. Here, we show that human intestinal vimentin+CD90+smooth muscle actin- SCs synthesize retinoic acid (RA) at levels equivalent to intestinal epithelial cells, a function in the human intestine previously attributed exclusively to epithelial cells. Crohn's disease SCs (Crohn's SCs), however, synthesized markedly less RA than SCs from healthy intestine (normal SCs). We also show that microbe-stimulated Crohn's SCs, which are more inflammatory than stimulated normal SCs, induced less RA-regulated differentiation of mucosal dendritic cells (DCs) (circulating pre-DCs and monocyte-derived DCs), leading to the generation of more potent inflammatory interferon-γhi/interleukin-17hi T cells than normal SCs. Explaining these results, Crohn's SCs expressed more DHRS3, a retinaldehyde reductase that inhibits retinol conversion to retinal and, thus, synthesized less RA than normal SCs. These findings uncover a microbe-SC-DC crosstalk in which luminal microbes induce Crohn's disease SCs to initiate and perpetuate inflammation through impaired synthesis of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesley E Smythies
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Olga V Belyaeva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Katie L Alexander
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Diane Bimczok
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Heidi J Nick
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Carolina A Serrano
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Kayci R Huff
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Marie Nearing
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Lois Musgrove
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Emily H Poovey
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jaleesa Garth
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kirk Russ
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kondal R K K Baig
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - David K Crossman
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Shajan Peter
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jamie A Cannon
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Charles O Elson
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Natalia Y Kedishvili
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Phillip D Smith
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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2
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Jan N, Sofi S, Abo Mansoor A, Abdelrahim A, Ahmad I, Almilabairy A, Ahmad F, Mir MA. Exploring the role of trifarotene against RAR-α: an investigation of expression pattern and clinicopathological significance of RAR-α in breast cancer. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1361679. [PMID: 38910889 PMCID: PMC11190336 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1361679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The members retinoic acid receptors (RARs) (α, β, and γ) and retinoid X receptors (RXRs) (α, β, and γ) belong to the retinoid receptor family. They regulate the biological action of classical retinoids through nuclear retinoid receptors, a transcription factor that is regulated by ligands. Through the binding of particular retinoic acid-responsive elements (RAREs) located in target gene promoters, RARs and members of the RXRs form heterodimers. By binding to its nuclear receptors and triggering the transcription of the target genes downstream, retinoic acid (RA) mediates the expression of certain genes. Retinoids so mainly control gene expression to carry out their biological actions. RARs are essential for many biological processes, such as development, immunity, reproduction, organogenesis, and homeostasis. Apart from their physiological functions, RARs are also linked to pathologies and tumors due to mutations, protein fusions, changes in expression levels, or abnormal post-translational changes that lead to aberrant functions and homeostasis breakdown. The oncogenic development of animal tissues or cultured cells is linked to altered expression of retinoid receptors. The RAR-α is over-expressed in several malignancies. Increased invasion and migration in several cancer forms, including HNSC carcinoma, pediatric low-grade gliomas, lung adenocarcinoma, and breast cancer, have been linked to its upregulated expression. Numerous approved therapeutic regimens targeting RAR-α have been developed, improving patient survival rates. Objective This study's main objective was to identify novel RAR-α-targeting drugs and evaluate the expression patterns of RAR-α in breast cancer patients. Methodology In-silico investigation using a variety of bioinformatics tools like UALCAN, TISCH, TIMER 2.0, ENRICHR, and others were employed to examine the expression of RAR-α. Further we evaluated in-silico inhibition of RAR-α with trifarotene and also tested the cytotoxicity of trifarotene in breast cancer cells. Results Our research indicates that RAR-α is upregulated in several malignancies including Breast Cancer. It regulates granulocyte differentiation and has an association with the retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway and cellular response to estrogen stimulus. Furthermore, trifarotene was found as a potential synthetic compound that targets RAR-α through in silico and in-vitro study. Discussion Overall, this research indicates that elevated expression of RAR-α enhances the onset of breast cancer. Using trifarotene medication to target RAR-α will significantly boost the response of breast cancer individuals to treatment and delay the development of resistance to drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusrat Jan
- Department of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Shazia Sofi
- Department of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Adel Abo Mansoor
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences (CAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adil Abdelrahim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences (CAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Irshad Ahmad
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences (CAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Almilabairy
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Al Baha University, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fuzail Ahmad
- College of Applied Sciences Almaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manzoor Ahmad Mir
- Department of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
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3
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Yuan X, Chen L, Saffen D. Allele-Specific Regulation of the Candidate Autism Liability Gene RAI1 by the Enhancer Variant rs4925102 ( C/G). Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:460. [PMID: 38674394 PMCID: PMC11049881 DOI: 10.3390/genes15040460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Retinoic acid-induced 1 (RAI1) is a dosage-sensitive gene that causes autistic phenotypes when deleted or duplicated. Observations from clinical cases and animal models also suggest that changes of RAI1 expression levels contribute to autism. Previously, we used a bioinformatic approach to identify several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located within the 5'-region of RAI1 that correlate with RAI1 mRNA expression in the human brain. In particular, the SNP rs4925102 was identified as a candidate cis-acting regulatory variant, the genotype of which may affect the binding of transcription factors that influence RAI1 mRNA expression. In this study, we provide experimental evidence based on reporter gene, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), and chromatin conformation capture (3C) assays that rs4925102 regulates RAI1 mRNA expression in an allele-specific manner in human cell lines, including the neuroblastoma-derived cell line SH-SY5Y. We also describe a statistically significant association between rs4925102 genotype and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis in a case-control study and near-statistically significant association in an Autism Genome Project (AGP) transmission disequilibrium (TDT) study using Caucasian subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yuan
- Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China;
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - David Saffen
- Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China;
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Shaikh N, Waterhölter A, Gnirck AC, Becker M, Adamiak V, Henneken L, Wunderlich M, Hartmann W, Linnemann L, Huber TB, Krebs CF, Panzer U, Locksley RM, Wilhelm C, Breloer M, Turner JE. Retinoic acid drives intestine-specific adaptation of effector ILC2s originating from distant sites. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20221015. [PMID: 37773047 PMCID: PMC10541314 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20221015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Adaptation of immune cells to tissue-specific microenvironments is a crucial process in homeostasis and inflammation. Here, we show that murine effector type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) from various organs are equally effective in repopulating ILC2 niches in other anatomical locations where they adapt tissue-specific phenotypes of target organs. Single-cell transcriptomics of ILC2 populations revealed upregulation of retinoic acid (RA) signaling in ILC2s during adaptation to the small intestinal microenvironment, and RA signaling mediated reprogramming of kidney effector ILC2s toward the small intestinal phenotype in vitro and in vivo. Inhibition of intestinal ILC2 adaptation by blocking RA signaling impaired worm expulsion during Strongyloides ratti infection, indicating functional importance of ILC2 tissue imprinting. In conclusion, this study highlights that effector ILC2s retain the ability to adapt to changing tissue-specific microenvironments, enabling them to exert tissue-specific functions, such as promoting control of intestinal helminth infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhat Shaikh
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alex Waterhölter
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ann-Christin Gnirck
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martina Becker
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Virginia Adamiak
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lena Henneken
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Malte Wunderlich
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wiebke Hartmann
- Helminth Immunology Group, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lara Linnemann
- Helminth Immunology Group, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias B. Huber
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian F. Krebs
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Division of Translational Immunology, III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulf Panzer
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Division of Translational Immunology, III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Richard M. Locksley
- Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Christoph Wilhelm
- Unit for Immunopathology, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Minka Breloer
- Helminth Immunology Group, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Eric Turner
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Ghahramanipour Z, Alipour S, Masoumi J, Rostamlou A, Hatami-Sadr A, Heris JA, Naseri B, Jafarlou M, Baradaran B. Regulation of Dendritic Cell Functions by Vitamins as Promising Therapeutic Strategy for Immune System Disorders. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2300142. [PMID: 37423961 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
A functional immune system is crucial for a healthy life, protecting from infections, tumors, or autoimmune disorders; these are accomplished by the interaction between various immune cells. Nourishment, particularly micronutrients, are very important components in the immune system balance, therefore this review emphasizes the vitamins (D, E, A, C) and Dendritic cells' subsets due to vitamins' roles in immune processes, especially on dendritic cells' functions, maturation, and cytokine production. Current studies reveal significant benefits related to vitamins, including vitamin E, which can contribute to the control of dendritic cells' function and maturation. Furthermore, vitamin D plays an immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory role in the immune system. Metabolite of vitamin A which is called retinoic acid leads to T cells' differentiation to T helper 1 or T helper 17, so low levels of this vitamin exacerbate the menace of infectious diseases, and vitamin C has anti-oxidant effects on dendritic cells and modulate their activation and differentiation program. Additionally, the correlation between the amount of vitamin and the occurrence or progression of allergic diseases and autoimmunity disorders is discussed according to the results of previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ghahramanipour
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran
| | - Shiva Alipour
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5165665931, Iran
| | - Javad Masoumi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran
| | - Arman Rostamlou
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of EGE, Izmir, 35040, Turkey
| | | | - Javad Ahmadian Heris
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran
| | - Bahar Naseri
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran
| | - Mahdi Jafarlou
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran
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Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) is a metabolite of vitamin A and is essential for development and growth as well as cellular metabolism. Through genomic and nongenomic actions, RA regulates a variety of physiological functions. Dysregulation of RA signaling is associated with many diseases. Targeting RA signaling has been proven valuable to human health. All-trans retinoic acid (AtRA) and anthracycline-based chemotherapy are the standard treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Both human and animal studies have shown a significant relationship between RA signaling and the development and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this review article, we will first summarize vitamin A metabolism and then focus on the role of RA signaling in NAFLD. AtRA inhibits the development and progression of NAFLD via regulating lipid metabolism, inflammation, thermogenesis, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fathima N Cassim Bawa
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA 44272
| | - Yanqiao Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA 44272
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7
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Brown G. Deregulation of All- Trans Retinoic Acid Signaling and Development in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12089. [PMID: 37569466 PMCID: PMC10419198 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells are the root cause of cancer, which, in essence, is a developmental disorder. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) signaling via ligand-activation of the retinoic acid receptors (RARs) plays a crucial role in tissue patterning and development during mammalian embryogenesis. In adults, active RARγ maintains the pool of hematopoietic stem cells, whereas active RARα drives myeloid cell differentiation. Various findings have revealed that ATRA signaling is deregulated in many cancers. The enzymes for ATRA synthesis are downregulated in colorectal, gastric, lung, and oropharyngeal cancers. ATRA levels within breast, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate, and renal cancer cells were lower than within their normal counterpart cells. The importance is that 0.24 nM ATRA activates RARγ (for stem cell stemness), whereas 100 times more is required to activate RARα (for differentiation). Moreover, RARγ is an oncogene regarding overexpression within colorectal, cholangiocarcinoma, hepatocellular, ovarian, pancreatic, and renal cancer cells. The microRNA (miR) 30a-5p downregulates expression of RARγ, and miR-30a/miR-30a-5p is a tumor suppressor for breast, colorectal, gastric, hepatocellular, lung, oropharyngeal, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate, and renal cancer. These complementary findings support the view that perturbations to ATRA signaling play a role in driving the abnormal behavior of cancer stem cells. Targeting ATRA synthesis and RARγ has provided promising approaches to eliminating cancer stem cells because such agents have been shown to drive cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Brown
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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8
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Hawkins MR, Wingert RA. Zebrafish as a Model to Study Retinoic Acid Signaling in Development and Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041180. [PMID: 37189798 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) is a metabolite of vitamin A (retinol) that plays various roles in development to influence differentiation, patterning, and organogenesis. RA also serves as a crucial homeostatic regulator in adult tissues. The role of RA and its associated pathways are well conserved from zebrafish to humans in both development and disease. This makes the zebrafish a natural model for further interrogation into the functions of RA and RA-associated maladies for the sake of basic research, as well as human health. In this review, we explore both foundational and recent studies using zebrafish as a translational model for investigating RA from the molecular to the organismal scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Hawkins
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Zebrafish Research, Boler-Parseghian Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, Warren Center for Drug Discovery, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Rebecca A Wingert
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Zebrafish Research, Boler-Parseghian Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, Warren Center for Drug Discovery, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
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9
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Brown G. Targeting the Retinoic Acid Pathway to Eradicate Cancer Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032373. [PMID: 36768694 PMCID: PMC9916838 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
All-trans retinoic acid is a morphogen during embryogenesis and a teratogen. Cancer is an error of development, and the retinoic acid receptors (RAR) for all-trans retinoic acid play a role in cancer. Expression of the cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenases, which mediate the last step to the synthesis of all-trans retinoic acid, is deregulated in various human cancers. Inhibiting these enzymes using a variety of agents reduced the proliferation of lung cancer cells, reduced the proliferation and induced apoptosis of ovarian, prostate, squamous, and uterine cancer cells, and sensitised breast, colorectal and ovarian cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents. RARγ is an oncogene within some cases of AML, cholangiocarcinoma, colorectal cancer, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, prostate cancer, and ovarian cancer. Pan-RAR and RARγ antagonist inhibition of the action of RARγ led to necroptosis of human prostate and pediatric brain tumour cancer stem cells. Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma cells with the flavenoid acacetin, which interferes with the action of RARγ, decreased cell growth and induced apoptosis. Targeting the retinoic acid pathway is promising regarding the development of new drugs to eradicate cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Brown
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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Zhu K, Kazim N, Yue J, Yen A. Vacuolin-1 enhances RA-induced differentiation of human myeloblastic leukemia cells: evidence for involvement of a CD11b/FAK/LYN/SLP-76 axis subject to endosomal regulation that drives late differentiation steps. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:179. [PMID: 36329484 PMCID: PMC9635152 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00911-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinoic acid(RA), an embryonic morphogen, regulates cell differentiation. Endocytosis regulates receptor signaling that governs such RA-directed cellular processes. Vacuolin-1 is a small molecule that disrupts endocytosis, motivating interest in its effect on RA-induced differentiation/arrest. In HL-60 myeloblastic-leukemia cells, RA causes differentiation evidenced by a progression of cell-surface and functional markers, CD38, CD11b, and finally reactive oxygen species(ROS) production and G1/0 cell cycle arrest in mature cells. RESULTS We found that Vacuolin-1 enhanced RA-induced CD11b, ROS and G1/0 arrest, albeit not CD38. Enhanced CD11b expression was associated with enhanced activation of Focal Adhesion Kinase(FAK). Adding vacuolin-1 enhanced RA-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of FAK, Src Family Kinases(SFKs), and the adaptor protein, SLP-76, expression of which is known to drive RA-induced differentiation. Depleting CD11b cripples late stages of progressive myeloid differentiation, namely G1/0 arrest and inducible ROS production, but not expression of CD38. Loss of NUMB, a protein that supports early endosome maturation, affected RA-induced ROS and G1/0 arrest, but not CD38 expression. CONCLUSION Hence there appears to be a novel CD11b/FAK/LYN/SLP-76 axis subject to endosome regulation which contributes to later stages of RA-induced differentiation. The effects of vacuolin-1 thus suggest a model where RA-induced differentiation consists of progressive stages driven by expression of sequentially-induced receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyuan Zhu
- grid.448631.c0000 0004 5903 2808Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Synear Molecular Biology Lab, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China ,grid.464255.4City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, ShenZhen, China
| | - Noor Kazim
- grid.5386.8000000041936877XDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY USA
| | - Jianbo Yue
- grid.5386.8000000041936877XDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY USA ,grid.35030.350000 0004 1792 6846Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China ,grid.464255.4City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, ShenZhen, China
| | - Andrew Yen
- grid.5386.8000000041936877XDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY USA
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11
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Xu H, Su J, Ku T, Liu QS, Liang J, Ren Z, Zhou Q, Jiang G. Constructing an MCF-7 breast cancer cell-based transient transfection assay for screening RARα (Ant)agonistic activities of emerging phenolic compounds. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 435:129024. [PMID: 35523094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The screening of compounds with endocrine disrupting effects has been attracting increasing attention due to the continuous release of emerging chemicals into the environment. Testing the (ant)agonistic activities of these chemicals on the retinoic acid receptor α (RARα), a vital nuclear receptor, is necessary to explain their perturbation in the endocrine system in vivo. In the present study, MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells were transiently transfected with a RARα expression vector (pEF1α-RARα-RFP) and a reporter vector containing a retinoic acid reaction element (pRARE-TA-Luc). Under optimized conditions, the performance of the newly constructed system was evaluated for its feasibility in screening the (ant)agonistic effects of emerging phenolic compounds on RARα. The results showed that this transient transfection cell model responded well to stimulation with (ant)agonists of RARα, and the EC50 and IC50 values were 0.87 nM and 2.67 μM for AM580 and Ro41-5253, respectively. Its application in testing several emerging phenolic compounds revealed that triclosan (TCS) and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) exerted notable RARα antagonistic activities. This newly developed bioassay based on MCF-7 is promising in identifying the agonistic or antagonistic activities of xenobiotics on RARα and has good potential for studying RARα signaling-involved toxicological effects of emerging chemicals of concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanqing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jiahui Su
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tingting Ku
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Environment and Resources, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Qian S Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jiefeng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhihua Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qunfang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China.
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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12
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Russo L, Sladitschek HL, Neveu PA. Multi-layered regulation of neuroectoderm differentiation by retinoic acid in a primitive streak-like context. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:231-244. [PMID: 35063128 PMCID: PMC8828549 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of the primitive streak (PS) and the subsequent induction of neuroectoderm are hallmarks of gastrulation. Combining an in vitro reconstitution of this process based on mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) with a collection of knockouts in reporter mESC lines, we identified retinoic acid (RA) as a critical mediator of early neural induction triggered by TGFβ or Wnt signaling inhibition. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis captured the temporal unfolding of cell type diversification, up to the emergence of somite and neural fates. In the absence of the RA-synthesizing enzyme Aldh1a2, a sensitive RA reporter revealed a hitherto unidentified residual RA signaling that specified neural fate. Genetic evidence showed that the RA-degrading enzyme Cyp26a1 protected PS-like cells from neural induction, even in the absence of TGFβ and Wnt antagonists. Overall, we characterized a multi-layered control of RA levels that regulates early neural differentiation in an in vitro PS-like system. In vitro reconstitution of neural induction by primitive streak-like cells Retinoic acid mediates neural induction triggered by TGFβ or Wnt signaling inhibition A sensitive activity reporter reveals Aldh1a2-independent retinoic acid signaling Cyp26a1 protects primitive streak-like cells from neural induction
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Russo
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany; Joint PhD Degree from EMBL and Heidelberg University, Faculty of Biosciences, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hanna L Sladitschek
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pierre A Neveu
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
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13
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Liang C, Han M, Zhou Z, Liu Y, He X, Jiang Y, Ouyang Y, Hong Q, Chu M. Hypothalamic Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Crucial MicroRNAs and mRNAs Affecting Litter Size in Goats. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:747100. [PMID: 34790713 PMCID: PMC8591166 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.747100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The hypothalamus was the coordination center of the endocrine system, which played an important role in goat reproduction. However, the molecular mechanism of hypothalamus regulating litter size in goats was still poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the key functional genes associated with prolificacy by hypothalamus transcriptome analysis of goats. In this research, an integrated analysis of microRNAs (miRNAs)-mRNA was conducted using the hypothalamic tissue of Yunshang black goats in the follicular stage. A total of 72,220 transcripts were detected in RNA-seq. Besides, 1,836 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between high fecundity goats at the follicular phase (FP-HY) and low fecundity goats at the follicular phase (FP-LY). DEGs were significantly enriched in 71 Gene Ontology (GO) terms and 8 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. The transcriptome data suggested that DEGs such as BMPR1B, FGFR1, IGF1 and CREB1 are directly or indirectly involved in many processes like hypothalamic gonadal hormone secretion. The miRNA-seq identified 1,837 miRNAs, of which 28 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs). These DEMs may affect the nerve cells survival of goat hypothalamic regulating the function of target genes and further affect the hormone secretion activities related to reproduction. They were enriched in prolactin signaling pathway, Jak-STAT signaling pathway and GnRH signaling pathway, as well as various metabolic pathways. Integrated analysis of DEMs and DEGs showed that 87 DEGs were potential target genes of 28 DEMs. After constructing a miRNA-mRNA pathway network, we identified several mRNA-miRNAs pairs by functional enrichment analysis, which was involved in hypothalamic nerve apoptosis. For example, NTRK3 was co-regulated by Novel-1187 and Novel-566, as well as another target PPP1R13L regulated by Novel-566. These results indicated that these key genes and miRNAs may play an important role in the development of goat hypothalamus and represent candidate targets for further research. This study provides a basis for further explanation of the basic molecular mechanism of hypothalamus, but also provides a new idea for a comprehensive understanding of prolificacy characteristics in Yunshang black goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liang
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Miaoceng Han
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
| | - Zuyang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
| | - Yufang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyun He
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
| | - Yanting Jiang
- Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, China
| | - Yina Ouyang
- Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, China
| | - Qionghua Hong
- Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, China
| | - Mingxing Chu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
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14
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Duong TB, Waxman JS. Patterning of vertebrate cardiac progenitor fields by retinoic acid signaling. Genesis 2021; 59:e23458. [PMID: 34665508 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The influence of retinoic acid (RA) signaling on vertebrate development has a well-studied history. Cumulatively, we now understand that RA signaling has a conserved requirement early in development restricting cardiac progenitors within the anterior lateral plate mesoderm of vertebrate embryos. Moreover, genetic and pharmacological manipulations of RA signaling in vertebrate models have shown that proper heart development is achieved through the deployment of positive and negative feedback mechanisms, which maintain appropriate RA levels. In this brief review, we present a chronological overview of key work that has led to a current model of the critical role for early RA signaling in limiting the generation of cardiac progenitors within vertebrate embryos. Furthermore, we integrate the previous work in mice and our recent findings using zebrafish, which together show that RA signaling has remarkably conserved influences on the later-differentiating progenitor populations at the arterial and venous poles. We discuss how recognizing the significant conservation of RA signaling on the differentiation of these progenitor populations offers new perspectives and may impact future work dedicated to examining vertebrate heart development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany B Duong
- Molecular Genetics Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Molecular Cardiovascular Biology Division and Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Joshua S Waxman
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology Division and Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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15
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Cosio T, Di Prete M, Gaziano R, Lanna C, Orlandi A, Di Francesco P, Bianchi L, Campione E. Trifarotene: A Current Review and Perspectives in Dermatology. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9030237. [PMID: 33652835 PMCID: PMC7996910 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9030237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoids have numerous applications in inflammatory, dyskeratotic, and oncohematology diseases. Retinoids have now reached the fourth generation, progressively reducing toxicity whilst increasing their efficacy. Trifarotene is a new fourth-generation retinoid with a selective action on RAR-γ. In this review, we reported the trials—both concluded and in progress—including the use of trifarotene in dermatological diseases. Studies were identified by searching electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane, Trials.gov) from 2012 to today and reference lists of respective articles. Only articles published in English language were included. Randomized trials evaluating trifarotene tolerability, safety, and efficacy in congenital ichthyosis and acne have demonstrated great results and mild side effects, leading to the approval by the FDA of trifarotene for the treatment of lamellar ichthyosis in 2014, and of acne vulgaris in October 2019. No high-quality randomized clinical trials have evaluated the treatment of primary cutaneous lymphomas with trifarotene. Finally, we are hypothesizing future perspectives in the treatment of non-melanoma skin cancers, fungal infections, photoaging, and hand-foot skin reactions with trifarotene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terenzio Cosio
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (T.C.); (C.L.); (L.B.)
| | - Monia Di Prete
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.D.P.); (A.O.)
| | - Roberta Gaziano
- Microbiology Section, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (R.G.); (P.D.F.)
| | - Caterina Lanna
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (T.C.); (C.L.); (L.B.)
| | - Augusto Orlandi
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.D.P.); (A.O.)
| | - Paolo Di Francesco
- Microbiology Section, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (R.G.); (P.D.F.)
| | - Luca Bianchi
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (T.C.); (C.L.); (L.B.)
| | - Elena Campione
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (T.C.); (C.L.); (L.B.)
- Correspondence:
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16
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García-Padilla C, Lozano-Velasco E, López-Sánchez C, Garcia-Martínez V, Aranega A, Franco D. Non-Coding RNAs in Retinoic Acid as Differentiation and Disease Drivers. Noncoding RNA 2021; 7:ncrna7010013. [PMID: 33671241 PMCID: PMC8005990 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna7010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
All-trans retinoic acid (RA) is the most active metabolite of vitamin A. Several studies have described a pivotal role for RA signalling in different biological processes such as cell growth and differentiation, embryonic development and organogenesis. Since RA signalling is highly dose-dependent, a fine-tuning regulatory mechanism is required. Thus, RA signalling deregulation has a major impact, both in development and disease, related in many cases to oncogenic processes. In this review, we focus on the impact of ncRNA post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms, especially those of microRNAs and lncRNAs, in RA signalling pathways during differentiation and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos García-Padilla
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (C.G.-P.); (E.L.-V.); (A.A.)
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (C.L.-S.); (V.G.-M.)
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Estefanía Lozano-Velasco
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (C.G.-P.); (E.L.-V.); (A.A.)
- Fundación Medina, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Carmen López-Sánchez
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (C.L.-S.); (V.G.-M.)
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Virginio Garcia-Martínez
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (C.L.-S.); (V.G.-M.)
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Amelia Aranega
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (C.G.-P.); (E.L.-V.); (A.A.)
- Fundación Medina, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Diego Franco
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (C.G.-P.); (E.L.-V.); (A.A.)
- Fundación Medina, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence:
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17
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Petrie K, Urban‐Wójciuk Z, Sbirkov Y, Graham A, Hamann A, Brown G. Retinoic acid receptor γ is a therapeutically targetable driver of growth and survival in prostate cancer. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2020; 3:e1284. [PMID: 32881426 PMCID: PMC7941583 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PC) tissue contains all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) at a very low level (10-9 M), at least an order of magnitude lower than in adjacent normal healthy prostate cells or benign prostate hyperplasia. When this is coupled with deregulated expression of the intracellular lipid-binding proteins FABP5 and CRABP2 that is frequently found in PC, this is likely to result in the preferential delivery of ATRA to oncogenic PPARβ/δ rather than retinoic acid receptors (RARs). There are three isotypes of RARs (RARα, RARβ, and RARγ) and recent studies have revealed discrete physiological roles. For example, RARα and RARγ promote differentiation and self-renewal, respectively, which are critical for proper hematopoiesis. AIMS We have previously shown that ATRA stimulates transactivation of RARγ at sub-nanomolar concentrations (EC50 0.24 nM), whereas an 80-fold higher concentration was required for RARα-mediated transactivation (EC50 19.3 nM). Additionally, we have shown that RAR pan-antagonists inhibit the growth of PC cells (at 16-34 nM). These findings, together with the low level of ATRA in PC, led us to hypothesize that RARγ plays a role in PC pathogenesis and that RARγ-selective antagonism may be an effective treatment. METHODS AND RESULTS We found that concentrations of 10-9 M and below of ATRA promoted survival/proliferation and opposed adipogenic differentiation of human PC cell lines by a mechanism that involves RARγ. We also found that a RARγ-selective antagonist (AGN205728) potently induced mitochondria-dependent, but caspase-independent, cell death in PC cell lines. Furthermore, AGN205728 demonstrated synergism in killing PC cells in combination with cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents. CONCLUSION We suggest that the use of RARγ-selective antagonists may be effective in PC (and potentially other cancers), either as a single agent or in combination with cytotoxic chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Petrie
- School of MedicineFaculty of Health Sciences and Wellbeing University of SunderlandSunderlandUK
| | | | | | | | | | - Geoffrey Brown
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences and Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental SciencesThe University of BirminghamBirminghamUK
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18
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Geoffroy MC, de Thé H. Classic and Variants APLs, as Viewed from a Therapy Response. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E967. [PMID: 32295268 PMCID: PMC7226009 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Most acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) are caused by PML-RARA, a translocation-driven fusion oncoprotein discovered three decades ago. Over the years, several other types of rare X-RARA fusions have been described, while recently, oncogenic fusion proteins involving other retinoic acid receptors (RARB or RARG) have been associated to very rare cases of acute promyelocytic leukemia. PML-RARA driven pathogenesis and the molecular basis for therapy response have been the focus of many studies, which have now converged into an integrated physio-pathological model. The latter is well supported by clinical and molecular studies on patients, making APL one of the rare hematological disorder cured by targeted therapies. Here we review recent data on APL-like diseases not driven by the PML-RARA fusion and discuss these in view of current understanding of "classic" APL pathogenesis and therapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Claude Geoffroy
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U944, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, 75010 Paris, France;
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 7212, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie (IUH), 75010 Paris, France
- Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Université de Paris, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Hugues de Thé
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U944, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, 75010 Paris, France;
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 7212, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie (IUH), 75010 Paris, France
- Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Université de Paris, 75010 Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Biochimie, Hôpital St-Louis, 75010 Paris, France
- Collège de France, PSL Research University, INSERM U1050, CNRS UMR 7241, 75005 Paris, France
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19
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Abstract
All-trans retinoic acid (atRA) is the principle active metabolite of Vitamin A. atRA is well known to act through nuclear RA receptors (RARs) to regulate gene expression involved in a wide spectrum of biological processes such as growth, differentiation, and function. Recently, novel activities of atRA, independent of the action of RARs, have been increasingly reported and referred to as noncanonical activities. We have determined cellular retinoic acid binding protein 1 (CRABP1) as the primary mediator of the noncanonical activities of atRA. At the molecular level, atRA binds CRABP1, which then immediately acts as an adaptor in the formation of specific signaling scaffolds to rapidly modulate downstream signaling pathways in a cell context-dependent manner. The first established CRABP1-atRA activity is to rapidly dampen the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade in response to growth factor stimulation, thereby suppressing cell cycle progression of stem cells. The second established activity is to rapidly reduce Ca2+/calmodulin dependent kinase II (CaMKII) activity in differentiated cells such as cardiomyocyte in response to β-adrenergic stimulation. This chapter describes in vivo and in vitro experimental systems and methodologies appropriate for determining the noncanonical activities of atRA that are mediated by CRABP1 and cell context dependent.
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20
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Jin J, Kurobe T, Hammock BG, Lam CH, Lin L, Teh SJ. Toxic effects of fluridone on early developmental stages of Japanese Medaka (Oryzias latipes). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 700:134495. [PMID: 31693955 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The herbicide fluridone is intensively applied to control invasive aquatic plants globally, including in the Sacramento and San Joaquin Delta (the Delta), California, USA. Our previous study revealed that the adult stage of Delta Smelt showed acute and sub-lethal adverse effects following 6 h of exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of fluridone. To further investigate mechanisms of toxicity of fluridone and to assess its toxicity to early life stages of fish, we performed additional exposures using the fish model Japanese Medaka (Oryzias latipes). Male and female Medaka embryos were exposed to concentrations of fluridone for 14 d and showed reduced hatching success in a dose dependent manner. The half maximal effective concentration for the hatching success was 2.3 mg L-1. In addition, male and female Medaka larvae were acute exposed to fluridone for 6 h to assess their swimming behavior and gene expression patterns. Fish exposed to fluridone at 4.2 mg L-1 or higher became lethargic and showed abnormal swimming behavior. The response to the stimuli was significantly impaired by fluridone at 21 mg L-1 and above in males, and at 104 mg L-1 in females. Transcriptome analysis identified a total of 799 genes that were significantly differentially expressed, comprising 555 up-regulated and 244 down-regulated genes in males exposed to 21 mg L-1 of fluridone. The gene set enrichment analysis indicated a number of biological processes altered by fluridone. Among the genes involved in those biological processes, the expression of the genes, acetylcholinesterase, retinoic acid receptor, insulin receptor substrate, glutathione reductase, and glutathione S transferase, exhibited dose- and sex-dependent responses to fluridone. The study indicated that fluridone exposure led to detrimental toxic effects at early developmental stages of fish, by disturbing the biological processes of growth and development, and the nervous system, inducing oxidative stress and endocrine disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Jin
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; Aquatic Health Program, Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Tomofumi Kurobe
- Aquatic Health Program, Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Bruce G Hammock
- Aquatic Health Program, Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Chelsea H Lam
- Aquatic Health Program, Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Li Lin
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, China
| | - Swee J Teh
- Aquatic Health Program, Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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21
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Xu A, Zhang N, Cao J, Zhu H, Yang B, He Q, Shao X, Ying M. Post-translational modification of retinoic acid receptor alpha and its roles in tumor cell differentiation. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 171:113696. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.113696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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22
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Fonseca ESS, Hiromori Y, Kaite Y, Ruivo R, Franco JN, Nakanishi T, Santos MM, Castro LFC. An Orthologue of the Retinoic Acid Receptor (RAR) Is Present in the Ecdysozoa Phylum Priapulida. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10120985. [PMID: 31795452 PMCID: PMC6947571 DOI: 10.3390/genes10120985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Signalling molecules and their cognate receptors are central components of the Metazoa endocrine system. Defining their presence or absence in extant animal lineages is critical to accurately devise evolutionary patterns, physiological shifts and the impact of endocrine disrupting chemicals. Here, we address the evolution of retinoic acid (RA) signalling in the Priapulida worm, Priapulus caudatus Lamarck, 1816, an Ecdysozoa. RA signalling has been shown to be central to chordate endocrine homeostasis, participating in multiple developmental and physiological processes. Priapulids, with their slow rate of molecular evolution and phylogenetic position, represent a key taxon to investigate the early phases of Ecdysozoa evolution. By exploring a draft genome assembly, we show, by means of phylogenetics and functional assays, that an orthologue of the nuclear receptor retinoic acid receptor (RAR) subfamily, a central mediator of RA signalling, is present in Ecdysozoa, contrary to previous perception. We further demonstrate that the Priapulida RAR displays low-affinity for retinoids (similar to annelids), and is not responsive to common endocrine disruptors acting via RAR. Our findings provide a timeline for RA signalling evolution in the Bilateria and give support to the hypothesis that the increase in RA affinity towards RAR is a late acquisition in the evolution of the Metazoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elza S. S. Fonseca
- CIIMAR/CIMAR Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, U.Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (E.S.S.F.); (R.R.); (J.N.F.)
- FCUP—Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, U.Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Youhei Hiromori
- Laboratory of Hygienic Chemistry and Molecular Toxicology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu 501-1196, Japan; (Y.H.); (Y.K.)
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka 513-8670, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Kaite
- Laboratory of Hygienic Chemistry and Molecular Toxicology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu 501-1196, Japan; (Y.H.); (Y.K.)
| | - Raquel Ruivo
- CIIMAR/CIMAR Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, U.Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (E.S.S.F.); (R.R.); (J.N.F.)
| | - João N. Franco
- CIIMAR/CIMAR Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, U.Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (E.S.S.F.); (R.R.); (J.N.F.)
| | - Tsuyoshi Nakanishi
- Laboratory of Hygienic Chemistry and Molecular Toxicology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu 501-1196, Japan; (Y.H.); (Y.K.)
- Correspondence: (T.N.); (M.M.S.); (L.F.C.C.)
| | - Miguel M. Santos
- CIIMAR/CIMAR Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, U.Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (E.S.S.F.); (R.R.); (J.N.F.)
- FCUP—Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, U.Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (T.N.); (M.M.S.); (L.F.C.C.)
| | - L. Filipe C. Castro
- CIIMAR/CIMAR Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, U.Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (E.S.S.F.); (R.R.); (J.N.F.)
- FCUP—Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, U.Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (T.N.); (M.M.S.); (L.F.C.C.)
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23
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Park SW, Nhieu J, Persaud SD, Miller MC, Xia Y, Lin YW, Lin YL, Kagechika H, Mayo KH, Wei LN. A new regulatory mechanism for Raf kinase activation, retinoic acid-bound Crabp1. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10929. [PMID: 31358819 PMCID: PMC6662813 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47354-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma (Raf) kinase is canonically activated by growth factors that regulate multiple cellular processes. In this kinase cascade Raf activation ultimately results in extracellular regulated kinase 1/2 (Erk1/2) activation, which requires Ras binding to the Ras binding domain (RBD) of Raf. We recently reported that all-trans retinoic acid (atRA) rapidly (within minutes) activates Erk1/2 to modulate cell cycle progression in stem cells, which is mediated by cellular retinoic acid binding protein 1 (Crabp1). But how atRA-bound Crabp1 regulated Erk1/2 activity remained unclear. We now report Raf kinase as the direct target of atRA-Crabp1. Molecularly, Crabp1 acts as a novel atRA-inducible scaffold protein for Raf/Mek/Erk in cells without growth factor stimulation. However, Crabp1 can also compete with Ras for direct interaction with the RBD of Raf, thereby negatively modulating growth factor-stimulated Raf activation, which can be enhanced by atRA binding to Crabp1. NMR heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC) analyses reveal the 6-strand β-sheet face of Crabp1 as its Raf-interaction surface. We identify a new atRA-mimicking and Crabp1-selective compound, C3, that can also elicit such an activity. This study uncovers a new signal crosstalk between endocrine (atRA-Crabp1) and growth factor (Ras-Raf) pathways, providing evidence for atRA-Crabp1 as a novel modulator of cell growth. The study also suggests a new therapeutic strategy by employing Crabp1-selective compounds to dampen growth factor stimulation while circumventing RAR-mediated retinoid toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Wook Park
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Jennifer Nhieu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Shawna D Persaud
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Michelle C Miller
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Youlin Xia
- Minnesota NMR Center, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, USA
| | - Yi-Wei Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Yu-Lung Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Kagechika
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kevin H Mayo
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Li-Na Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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24
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Nagpal I, Wei LN. All- trans Retinoic Acid as a Versatile Cytosolic Signal Modulator Mediated by CRABP1. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20153610. [PMID: 31344789 PMCID: PMC6696438 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
All-trans retinoic acid (AtRA), an active metabolite of vitamin A, is recognized for its classical action as an endocrine hormone that triggers genomic effects mediated through nuclear receptors RA receptors (RARs). New evidence shows that atRA-mediated cellular responses are biphasic with rapid and delayed responses. Most of these rapid atRA responses are the outcome of its binding to cellular retinoic acid binding protein 1 (CRABP1) that is predominantly localized in cytoplasm and binds to atRA with a high affinity. This review summarizes the most recent studies of such non-genomic outcomes of atRA and the role of CRABP1 in mediating such rapid effects in different cell types. In embryonic stem cells (ESCs), atRA-CRABP1 dampens growth factor sensitivity and stemness. In a hippocampal neural stem cell (NSC) population, atRA-CRABP1 negatively modulates NSC proliferation and affects learning and memory. In cardiomyocytes, atRA-CRABP1 prevents over-activation of calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), protecting heart function. These are supported by the fact that CRABP1 gene knockout (KO) mice exhibit multiple phenotypes including hippocampal NSC expansion and spontaneous cardiac hypertrophy. This indicates that more potential processes/signaling pathways involving atRA-CRABP1 may exist, which remain to be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha Nagpal
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Li-Na Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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25
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Wang S, Moise AR. Recent insights on the role and regulation of retinoic acid signaling during epicardial development. Genesis 2019; 57:e23303. [PMID: 31066193 PMCID: PMC6682438 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The vitamin A metabolite, retinoic acid, carries out essential and conserved roles in vertebrate heart development. Retinoic acid signals via retinoic acid receptors (RAR)/retinoid X receptors (RXRs) heterodimers to induce the expression of genes that control cell fate specification, proliferation, and differentiation. Alterations in retinoic acid levels are often associated with congenital heart defects. Therefore, embryonic levels of retinoic acid need to be carefully regulated through the activity of enzymes, binding proteins and transporters involved in vitamin A metabolism. Here, we review evidence of the complex mechanisms that control the fetal uptake and synthesis of retinoic acid from vitamin A precursors. Next, we highlight recent evidence of the role of retinoic acid in orchestrating myocardial compact zone growth and coronary vascular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suya Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Alexander R. Moise
- Medical Sciences Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Biology and Biomolecular Sciences Program, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, P3E 2C6 Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA
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26
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Serio RN, Laursen KB, Urvalek AM, Gross SS, Gudas LJ. Ethanol promotes differentiation of embryonic stem cells through retinoic acid receptor-γ. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:5536-5548. [PMID: 30737277 PMCID: PMC6462535 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.007153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Ethanol (EtOH) is a teratogen, but its teratogenic mechanisms are not fully understood. The alcohol form of vitamin A (retinol/ROL) can be oxidized to all-trans-retinoic acid (RA), which plays a critical role in stem cell differentiation and development. Using an embryonic stem cell (ESC) model to analyze EtOH's effects on differentiation, we show here that EtOH and acetaldehyde, but not acetate, increase differentiation-associated mRNA levels, and that EtOH decreases pluripotency-related mRNAs. Using reporter assays, ChIP assays, and retinoic acid receptor-γ (RARγ) knockout ESC lines generated by CRISPR/Cas9 and homologous recombination, we demonstrate that EtOH signals via RARγ binding to RA response elements (RAREs) in differentiation-associated gene promoters or enhancers. We also report that EtOH-mediated increases in homeobox A1 (Hoxa1) and cytochrome P450 family 26 subfamily A member 1 (Cyp26a1) transcripts, direct RA target genes, require the expression of the RA-synthesizing enzyme, aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A2 (Aldh1a2), suggesting that EtOH-mediated induction of Hoxa1 and Cyp26a1 requires ROL from the serum. As shown with CRISPR/Cas9 knockout lines, the retinol dehydrogenase gene Rdh10 and a functional RARE in the ROL transporter stimulated by retinoic acid 6 (Stra6) gene are required for EtOH induction of Hoxa1 and Cyp26a1 We conclude that EtOH stimulates stem cell differentiation by increasing the influx and metabolism of ROL for downstream RARγ-dependent transcription. In stem cells, EtOH may shift cell fate decisions to alter developmental outcomes by increasing endogenous ROL/RA signaling via increased Stra6 expression and ROL oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan N Serio
- From the Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, New York 10065 and
| | - Kristian B Laursen
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065
| | - Alison M Urvalek
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065
| | - Steven S Gross
- From the Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, New York 10065 and
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065
| | - Lorraine J Gudas
- From the Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, New York 10065 and
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065
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27
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Girardi CS, Rostirolla DC, Lini FJM, Brum PO, Delgado J, Ribeiro CT, Teixeira AA, Peixoto DO, Heimfarth L, Kunzler A, Moreira JCF, Gelain DP. Nuclear RXRα and RXRβ receptors exert distinct and opposite effects on RA-mediated neuroblastoma differentiation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2018; 1866:317-328. [PMID: 30529222 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) promotes differentiation in multiple neurogenic cell types by promoting gene reprogramming through retinoid receptors and also by inducing cytosolic signaling events. The nuclear RXR receptors are one of the main mediators of RA cellular effects, classically by joining the direct receptors of RA, the nuclear RAR receptors, in RAR/RXR dimers which act as transcription factors. Distinct RXR genes lead to RXRα, RXRβ and RXRγ subtypes, but their specific roles in neuronal differentiation remain unclear. We firstly investigated both RXRs and RARs expression profiles during RA-mediated neuronal differentiation of human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y, and found varying levels of retinoid receptors transcript and protein contents along the process. In order to understand the roles of the expression of distinct RXR subtypes to RA signal transduction, we performed siRNA-mediated silencing of RXRα and RXRβ during the first stages of SH-SY5Y differentiation. Our results showed that RXRα is required for RA-induced neuronal differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells, since its silencing compromised cell cycle arrest and prevented the upregulation of neuronal markers and the adoption of neuronal morphology. Besides, silencing of RXRα affected the phosphorylation of ERK1/2. By contrast, silencing of RXRβ improved neurite extension and led to increased expression of tau and synaptophysin, suggesting that RXRβ may negatively regulate neuronal parameters related to neurite outgrowth and function. Our results indicate distinct functions for RXR subtypes during RA-dependent neuronal differentiation and reveal new perspectives for studying such receptors as clinical targets in therapies aiming at restoring neuronal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Saibro Girardi
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600 - Anexo, Porto Alegre, RS CEP 90035-003, Brazil.
| | - Diana Carolina Rostirolla
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600 - Anexo, Porto Alegre, RS CEP 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Janini Mota Lini
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600 - Anexo, Porto Alegre, RS CEP 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Pedro Ozorio Brum
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600 - Anexo, Porto Alegre, RS CEP 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Jeferson Delgado
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600 - Anexo, Porto Alegre, RS CEP 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Camila Tiefensee Ribeiro
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600 - Anexo, Porto Alegre, RS CEP 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Alexsander Alves Teixeira
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600 - Anexo, Porto Alegre, RS CEP 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Daniel Oppermann Peixoto
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600 - Anexo, Porto Alegre, RS CEP 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Luana Heimfarth
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600 - Anexo, Porto Alegre, RS CEP 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Alice Kunzler
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600 - Anexo, Porto Alegre, RS CEP 90035-003, Brazil
| | - José Cláudio Fonseca Moreira
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600 - Anexo, Porto Alegre, RS CEP 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Daniel Pens Gelain
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600 - Anexo, Porto Alegre, RS CEP 90035-003, Brazil
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28
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Vitamin A supplementation decreases disease activity index in patients with ulcerative colitis: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Complement Ther Med 2018; 41:215-219. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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29
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Transcriptome analysis of Xenopus orofacial tissues deficient in retinoic acid receptor function. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:795. [PMID: 30390632 PMCID: PMC6215681 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-5186-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Development of the face and mouth is orchestrated by a large number of transcription factors, signaling pathways and epigenetic regulators. While we know many of these regulators, our understanding of how they interact with each other and implement changes in gene expression during orofacial development is still in its infancy. Therefore, this study focuses on uncovering potential cooperation between transcriptional regulators and one important signaling pathway, retinoic acid, during development of the midface. RESULTS Transcriptome analyses was performed on facial tissues deficient for retinoic acid receptor function at two time points in development; early (35 hpf) just after the neural crest migrates and facial tissues are specified and later (60 hpf) when the mouth has formed and facial structures begin to differentiate. Functional and network analyses revealed that retinoic acid signaling could cooperate with novel epigenetic factors and calcium-NFAT signaling during early orofacial development. At the later stage, retinoic acid may work with WNT and BMP and regulate homeobox containing transcription factors. Finally, there is an overlap in genes dysregulated in Xenopus embryos with median clefts with human genes associated with similar orofacial defects. CONCLUSIONS This study uncovers novel signaling pathways required for orofacial development as well as pathways that could interact with retinoic acid signaling during the formation of the face. We show that frog faces are an important tool for studying orofacial development and birth defects.
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30
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Mackeh R, Marr AK, Fadda A, Kino T. C2H2-Type Zinc Finger Proteins: Evolutionarily Old and New Partners of the Nuclear Hormone Receptors. NUCLEAR RECEPTOR SIGNALING 2018; 15:1550762918801071. [PMID: 30718982 PMCID: PMC6348741 DOI: 10.1177/1550762918801071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear hormone receptors (NRs) are evolutionarily conserved ligand-dependent
transcription factors. They are essential for human life, mediating the actions
of lipophilic molecules, such as steroid hormones and metabolites of fatty acid,
cholesterol, and external toxic compounds. The C2H2-type zinc finger proteins
(ZNFs) form the largest family of the transcription factors in humans and are
characterized by multiple, tandemly arranged zinc fingers. Many of the C2H2-type
ZNFs are conserved throughout evolution, suggesting their involvement in
preserved biological activities, such as general transcriptional regulation and
development/differentiation of organs/tissues observed in the early embryonic
phase. However, some C2H2-type ZNFs, such as those with the Krüppel-associated
box (KRAB) domain, appeared relatively late in evolution and have significantly
increased family members in mammals including humans, possibly modulating their
complicated transcriptional network and/or supporting the morphological
development/functions specific to them. Such evolutional characteristics of the
C2H2-type ZNFs indicate that these molecules influence the NR functions
conserved through evolution, whereas some also adjust them to meet with specific
needs of higher organisms. We review the interaction between NRs and C2H2-type
ZNFs by focusing on some of the latter molecules.
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31
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Vanderhoeven F, Redondo AL, Martinez AL, Vargas-Roig LM, Sanchez AM, Flamini MI. Synergistic antitumor activity by combining trastuzumab with retinoic acid in HER2 positive human breast cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:26527-26542. [PMID: 29899874 PMCID: PMC5995169 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer can be classified into molecular subtypes. Tumors overexpressing HER2 protein are more aggressive and metastatic; hence, patients have a poor prognosis. Anti-HER2 strategies, such as the monoclonal antibody Trastuzumab (Tz), have therefore been developed. Despite this progress, not all patients respond to the treatment. Retinoic acid (RA) has been proposed as an adjuvant treatment of breast carcinoma because of its ability to inhibit cell growth. We evaluated the effect of Tz in combination with RA on the viability, adhesion, migration, invasion and expression of migration-related proteins in SKBR3 and BT-474 human breast cancer cells. MTT, pharmacological interaction analysis, immunofluorescence, adhesion/migration/invasion and Western blot assays were performed. The coadministration of both drugs synergistically decreased cell survival. Tz+RA significantly decreased adhesion/migration/invasion in both cell types. Tz+RA strongly reduced FAK and HER2 expression and induced nuclear FAK translocation. In addition, a granular distribution of HER2 receptor was observed after the combined treatment. In conclusion, the coadministration of both drugs in patients with this type of cancer could contribute to the improvement of their prognosis and reduce the adverse effects of therapy because the applied Tz doses would be lower due to the adjuvant effect of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiorella Vanderhoeven
- Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo, Centro Científico Tecnológico, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Analía Lourdes Redondo
- Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo, Centro Científico Tecnológico, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Ana Laura Martinez
- Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo, Centro Científico Tecnológico, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Laura María Vargas-Roig
- Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo, Centro Científico Tecnológico, Mendoza, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Angel Matias Sanchez
- Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo, Centro Científico Tecnológico, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Marina Inés Flamini
- Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo, Centro Científico Tecnológico, Mendoza, Argentina
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32
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Jiang W, Guo M, Gong M, Chen L, Bi Y, Zhang Y, Shi Y, Qu P, Liu Y, Chen J, Li T. Vitamin A bio-modulates apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway after hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. Mol Brain 2018. [PMID: 29534734 PMCID: PMC5851324 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-018-0360-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies demonstrated that vitamin A deficiency (VAD) can impair the postnatal cognitive function of rats by damaging the hippocampus. The present study examined the effects of retinoic acid (RA) on apoptosis induced by hypoxic-ischemic damage in vivo and in vitro, and investigated the possible signaling pathway involved in the neuroprotective anti-apoptotic effects of RA. Flow cytometry, immunofluorescence staining and behavioral tests were used to evaluate the neuroprotective and anti-apoptotic effects of RA. The protein and mRNA levels of RARα, PI3K, Akt, Bad, caspase-3, caspase-8, Bcl-2, Bax, and Bid were measured with western blotting and real-time PCR, respectively. We found impairments in learning and spatial memory in VAD group compared with vitamin A normal (VAN) and vitamin A supplemented (VAS) group. Additionally, we showed that hippocampal apoptosis was weaker in the VAN group than that in VAD group. Relative to the VAD group, the VAN group also had increased mRNA and protein levels of RARα and PI3K, and upregulated phosphorylated Akt/Bad levels in vivo. In vitro, excessively low or high RA signaling promoted apoptosis. Furthermore, the effects on apoptosis involved the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). These data support the idea that sustained VAD following hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) inhibits RARα, which downregulates the PI3K/Akt/Bad and Bcl-2/Bax pathways and upregulates the caspase-8/Bid pathway to influence the MMP, ultimately producing deficits in learning and spatial memory in adolescence. This suggests that clinical interventions for HIBD should include suitable doses of VA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiang
- Children Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Children Rehabilitation Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Guo
- Children Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Children Rehabilitation Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Gong
- Children Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Li Chen
- Children Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Yang Bi
- Children Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Children Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Yuan Shi
- Children Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Ping Qu
- Children Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Youxue Liu
- Children Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Children Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China. .,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China. .,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China. .,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.
| | - Tingyu Li
- Children Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China. .,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China. .,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China. .,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.
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PFN2a, a new partner of RARα in the cytoplasm. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 495:846-853. [PMID: 29158086 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.11.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Retinoic acid receptors (RARs) are classically considered as nuclear ligand-dependent regulators of transcription. Here we highlighted a novel face of the RARα subtype: RARα is present in low amounts in the cytoplasm of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) where it interacts with profilin2a (PFN2A), a small actin-binding protein involved in filaments polymerization. The interaction involves the N-terminal proline-rich motif (PRM) of RARα and the SH3-like domain of PFN2a. When increased in the cytoplasm, RARα competes with other PFN2a-binding proteins bearing PRMs and involved in actin filaments elongation. Consequently, the actin filament network is altered and MEFs adhesion is decreased. This novel role opens novel avenues for the understanding of pathologies characterized by increased levels of cytoplasmic RARα.
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El Haddad M, Notarnicola C, Evano B, El Khatib N, Blaquière M, Bonnieu A, Tajbakhsh S, Hugon G, Vernus B, Mercier J, Carnac G. Retinoic acid maintains human skeletal muscle progenitor cells in an immature state. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:1923-1936. [PMID: 28025671 PMCID: PMC11107588 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2445-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Muscle satellite cells are resistant to cytotoxic agents, and they express several genes that confer resistance to stress, thus allowing efficient dystrophic muscle regeneration after transplantation. However, once they are activated, this capacity to resist to aggressive agents is diminished resulting in massive death of transplanted cells. Although cell immaturity represents a survival advantage, the signalling pathways involved in the control of the immature state remain to be explored. Here, we show that incubation of human myoblasts with retinoic acid impairs skeletal muscle differentiation through activation of the retinoic-acid receptor family of nuclear receptor. Conversely, pharmacologic or genetic inactivation of endogenous retinoic-acid receptors improved myoblast differentiation. Retinoic acid inhibits the expression of early and late muscle differentiation markers and enhances the expression of myogenic specification genes, such as PAX7 and PAX3. These results suggest that the retinoic-acid-signalling pathway might maintain myoblasts in an undifferentiated/immature stage. To determine the relevance of these observations, we characterised the retinoic-acid-signalling pathways in freshly isolated satellite cells in mice and in siMYOD immature human myoblasts. Our analysis reveals that the immature state of muscle progenitors is correlated with high expression of several genes of the retinoic-acid-signalling pathway both in mice and in human. Taken together, our data provide evidences for an important role of the retinoic-acid-signalling pathway in the regulation of the immature state of muscle progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina El Haddad
- Inserm U1046-UMR CNRS 9214 «Physiologie et Médecine Expérimentale du cœur et des muscles-PHYMEDEXP», CHU A. De Villeneuve, Université de Montpellier, Bâtiment Crastes de Paulet, 371 avenue du doyen Giraud, 34295, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Cécile Notarnicola
- Inserm U1046-UMR CNRS 9214 «Physiologie et Médecine Expérimentale du cœur et des muscles-PHYMEDEXP», CHU A. De Villeneuve, Université de Montpellier, Bâtiment Crastes de Paulet, 371 avenue du doyen Giraud, 34295, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Brendan Evano
- Stem Cells and Development, CNRS URA 2578, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Pasteur Institute, 25 rue du Dr Roux, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Nour El Khatib
- Inserm U1046-UMR CNRS 9214 «Physiologie et Médecine Expérimentale du cœur et des muscles-PHYMEDEXP», CHU A. De Villeneuve, Université de Montpellier, Bâtiment Crastes de Paulet, 371 avenue du doyen Giraud, 34295, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Marine Blaquière
- Inserm U1046-UMR CNRS 9214 «Physiologie et Médecine Expérimentale du cœur et des muscles-PHYMEDEXP», CHU A. De Villeneuve, Université de Montpellier, Bâtiment Crastes de Paulet, 371 avenue du doyen Giraud, 34295, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Anne Bonnieu
- INRA, UMR866, Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Université Montpellier, 34060, Montpellier, France
| | - Shahragim Tajbakhsh
- Stem Cells and Development, CNRS URA 2578, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Pasteur Institute, 25 rue du Dr Roux, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Gérald Hugon
- Inserm U1046-UMR CNRS 9214 «Physiologie et Médecine Expérimentale du cœur et des muscles-PHYMEDEXP», CHU A. De Villeneuve, Université de Montpellier, Bâtiment Crastes de Paulet, 371 avenue du doyen Giraud, 34295, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Barbara Vernus
- INRA, UMR866, Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Université Montpellier, 34060, Montpellier, France
| | - Jacques Mercier
- Inserm U1046-UMR CNRS 9214 «Physiologie et Médecine Expérimentale du cœur et des muscles-PHYMEDEXP», CHU A. De Villeneuve, Université de Montpellier, Bâtiment Crastes de Paulet, 371 avenue du doyen Giraud, 34295, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
- Département de Physiologie Clinique, CHRU de Montpellier, 34295, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Gilles Carnac
- Inserm U1046-UMR CNRS 9214 «Physiologie et Médecine Expérimentale du cœur et des muscles-PHYMEDEXP», CHU A. De Villeneuve, Université de Montpellier, Bâtiment Crastes de Paulet, 371 avenue du doyen Giraud, 34295, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
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van Gils N, Verhagen HJMP, Smit L. Reprogramming acute myeloid leukemia into sensitivity for retinoic-acid-driven differentiation. Exp Hematol 2017; 52:12-23. [PMID: 28456748 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The success of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) therapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) provides a rationale for using retinoic acid (RA)-based therapy for other subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Recently, several studies showed that ATRA may drive leukemic cells efficiently into differentiation and/or apoptosis in a subset of AML patients with an NPM1 mutation, a FLT3-ITD, an IDH1 mutation, and patients overexpressing EVI-1. Because not all patients within these molecular subgroups respond to ATRA and clinical trials that tested ATRA response in non-APL AML patients have had disappointing results, the identification of additional biomarkers may help to identify patients who strongly respond to ATRA-based therapy. Searching for response biomarkers might also reveal novel RA-based combination therapies with an efficient differentiation/apoptosis-inducing effect in non-APL AML patients. Preliminary studies suggest that the epigenetic or transcriptional state of leukemia cells determines their susceptibility to ATRA. We hypothesize that reprogramming by inhibitors of epigenetic-modifying enzymes or by modulation of microRNA expression might sensitize non-APL AML cells for RA-based therapy. AML relapse is caused by a subpopulation of leukemia cells, named leukemic stem cells (LSCs), which are in a different epigenetic state than the total bulk of the AML. The survival of LSCs after therapy is the main cause of the poor prognosis of AML patients, and novel differentiation therapies should drive these LSCs into maturity. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the epigenetic aspects of susceptibility to RA-induced differentiation in APL and non-APL AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noortje van Gils
- Department of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Han J M P Verhagen
- Department of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Linda Smit
- Department of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Basu M, Khan MW, Chakrabarti P, Das C. Chromatin reader ZMYND8 is a key target of all trans retinoic acid-mediated inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2017; 1860:450-459. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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37
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Wang C, Ross WT, Mysorekar IU. Urothelial generation and regeneration in development, injury, and cancer. Dev Dyn 2017; 246:336-343. [PMID: 28109014 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Homeostatic maintenance and repair of the urothelium upon injury are required for a functional bladder in both healthy and disease conditions. Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the urothelial regenerative response is key to designing strategies for tissue repair and ultimately treatments for urologic diseases including urinary tract infections, voiding dysfunction, painful bladder syndrome, and bladder cancer. In this article, we review studies on urothelial ontogeny during development and regeneration following various injury modalities. Signaling pathways involved in urothelial regeneration and in urothelial carcinogenesis are also discussed. Developmental Dynamics 246:336-343, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihong Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Whitney Trotter Ross
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Indira U Mysorekar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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Chebaro Y, Sirigu S, Amal I, Lutzing R, Stote RH, Rochette-Egly C, Rochel N, Dejaegere A. Allosteric Regulation in the Ligand Binding Domain of Retinoic Acid Receptorγ. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171043. [PMID: 28125680 PMCID: PMC5268703 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) plays key roles in cell differentiation and growth arrest through nuclear retinoic acid receptors (RARs), which are ligand-dependent transcription factors. While the main trigger of RAR activation is the binding of RA, phosphorylation of the receptors has also emerged as an important regulatory signal. Phosphorylation of the RARγ N-terminal domain (NTD) is known to play a functional role in neuronal differentiation. In this work, we investigated the phosphorylation of RARγ ligand binding domain (LBD), and present evidence that the phosphorylation status of the LBD affects the phosphorylation of the NTD region. We solved the X-ray structure of a phospho-mimetic mutant of the LBD (RARγ S371E), which we used in molecular dynamics simulations to characterize the consequences of the S371E mutation on the RARγ structural dynamics. Combined with simulations of the wild-type LBD, we show that the conformational equilibria of LBD salt bridges (notably R387-D340) are affected by the S371E mutation, which likely affects the recruitment of the kinase complex that phosphorylates the NTD. The molecular dynamics simulations also showed that a conservative mutation in this salt bridge (R387K) affects the dynamics of the LBD without inducing large conformational changes. Finally, cellular assays showed that the phosphorylation of the NTD of RARγ is differentially regulated by retinoic acid in RARγWT and in the S371N, S371E and R387K mutants. This multidisciplinary work highlights an allosteric coupling between phosphorylations of the LBD and the NTD of RARγ and supports the importance of structural dynamics involving electrostatic interactions in the regulation of RARs activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassmine Chebaro
- Department of Integrative Structural Biology, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U964, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 7104, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Serena Sirigu
- Department of Integrative Structural Biology, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U964, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 7104, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Ismail Amal
- Department of Integrative Structural Biology, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U964, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 7104, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Régis Lutzing
- Department of Functional Genomics and Cancer, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U964, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 7104, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Roland H. Stote
- Department of Integrative Structural Biology, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U964, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 7104, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Cécile Rochette-Egly
- Department of Functional Genomics and Cancer, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U964, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 7104, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Natacha Rochel
- Department of Integrative Structural Biology, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U964, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 7104, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Annick Dejaegere
- Department of Integrative Structural Biology, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U964, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 7104, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
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Teletin M, Vernet N, Ghyselinck NB, Mark M. Roles of Retinoic Acid in Germ Cell Differentiation. Curr Top Dev Biol 2017; 125:191-225. [PMID: 28527572 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2016.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The modalities of gametogenesis differ markedly between sexes. Female are born with a definitive reserve of oocytes whose size is crucial to ensure fertility. Male fertility, in contrast, relies on a tightly regulated balance between germ cell self-renewal and differentiation, which operates throughout life, according to recurring spatial and temporal patterns. Genetic and pharmacological studies conducted in the mouse and discussed in this review have revealed that all-trans retinoic acid and its nuclear receptors are major players of gametogenesis and are instrumental to fertility in both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Teletin
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, France; Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Strasbourg, France; Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Nadège Vernet
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, France; Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Strasbourg, France
| | - Norbert B Ghyselinck
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, France; Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Strasbourg, France
| | - Manuel Mark
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, France; Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Strasbourg, France; Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Strasbourg, France.
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40
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Wang XC, Zhao GQ, Lin J, Li C, Jiang N, Zhang J. Effects of retinoic acid receptor-γ on the Aspergillus fumigatus induced innate immunity response in human corneal epithelial cells. Int J Ophthalmol 2016; 9:1713-1718. [PMID: 28003968 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2016.12.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore the effects of retinoic acid receptor-γ (RARγ) on innate immune responses against Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus) in cultured human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs). METHODS The HCECs were stimulated with A. fumigatus hyphae for 0, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 16h. RARγ mRNA and protein levels were tested by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. Then HCECs were pretreated with or without BMS961 (RARγ agonist, 1 µg/mL). The mRNA and protein expression of Dectin-1 and the downstream cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) were determined by qRT-PCR, Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS The expression of RARγ was upregulated after stimulation with A. fumigatus. RARγ mRNA began to rise at 4h and peaked at 8h (P<0.001). The protein of RARγ reached to the peak at 16h (P<0.001). Pretreated with BMS961 before A. fumigatus hyphae stimulation, expression of Dectin-1, TNF-α and IL-6 decreased dramatically at mRNA and protein levels. CONCLUSION HCECs can express RARγ and A. fumigatus hyphae infection can increase RARγ expression. BMS961 can inhibit the expression of Dectin-1 and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and play an anti-inflammatory role in innate immune responses against A. fumigatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Chen Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Gui-Qiu Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jing Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Cui Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
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New Insights Into the Roles of Retinoic Acid Signaling in Nervous System Development and the Establishment of Neurotransmitter Systems. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 330:1-84. [PMID: 28215529 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Secreted chiefly from the underlying mesoderm, the morphogen retinoic acid (RA) is well known to contribute to the specification, patterning, and differentiation of neural progenitors in the developing vertebrate nervous system. Furthermore, RA influences the subtype identity and neurotransmitter phenotype of subsets of maturing neurons, although relatively little is known about how these functions are mediated. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the roles played by RA signaling during the formation of the central and peripheral nervous systems of vertebrates and highlights its effects on the differentiation of several neurotransmitter systems. In addition, the evolutionary history of the RA signaling system is discussed, revealing both conserved properties and alternate modes of RA action. It is proposed that comparative approaches should be employed systematically to expand our knowledge of the context-dependent cellular mechanisms controlled by the multifunctional signaling molecule RA.
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42
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Sanchez AM, Shortrede JE, Vargas-Roig LM, Flamini MI. Retinoic acid induces nuclear FAK translocation and reduces breast cancer cell adhesion through Moesin, FAK, and Paxillin. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 430:1-11. [PMID: 27130522 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women, with metastases being the cause of death in 98%. In previous works we have demonstrated that retinoic acid (RA), the main retinoic acid receptor (RAR) ligand, is involved in the metastatic process by inhibiting migration through a reduced expression of the specific migration-related proteins Moesin, c-Src, and FAK. At present, our hypothesis is that RA also acts for short periods in a non-genomic action to cooperate with motility reduction and morphology of breast cancer cells. Here we identify that the administration of 10(-6) M RA (10-20 min) induces the activation of the migration-related proteins Moesin, FAK, and Paxillin in T-47D breast cancer cells. The phosphorylation exerted by the selective agonists for RARα and RARβ, on Moesin, FAK, and Paxillin was comparable to the activation exerted by RA. The RARγ agonist only led to a weak activation, suggesting the involvement of RARα and RARβ in this pathway. We then treated the cells with different inhibitors that are involved in cell signaling to regulate the mechanisms of cell motility. RA failed to activate Moesin, FAK, and Paxillin in cells treated with Src inhibitor (PP2) and PI3K inhibitor (WM), suggesting the participation of Src-PI3K in this pathway. Treatment with 10(-6) M RA for 20 min significantly decreased cell adhesion. However, when cells were treated with 10(-6) M RA and FAK inhibitor, the RA did not significantly inhibit adhesion, suggesting a role of FAK in the adhesion inhibited by RA. By immunofluorescence and immunoblotting analysis we demonstrated that RA induced nuclear FAK translocation leading to a reduced cellular adhesion. These findings provide new information on the actions of RA for short periods. RA participates in cell adhesion and subsequent migration, modulating the relocation and activation of proteins involved in cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Matías Sanchez
- Institute of Medicine and Experimental Biology of Cuyo (IMBECU), National Research Council of Argentina, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Jorge Eduardo Shortrede
- Institute of Medicine and Experimental Biology of Cuyo (IMBECU), National Research Council of Argentina, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Laura María Vargas-Roig
- Institute of Medicine and Experimental Biology of Cuyo (IMBECU), National Research Council of Argentina, Mendoza, Argentina; School of Medical Sciences, National University of Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Marina Inés Flamini
- Institute of Medicine and Experimental Biology of Cuyo (IMBECU), National Research Council of Argentina, Mendoza, Argentina.
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43
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Carrier M, Joint M, Lutzing R, Page A, Rochette-Egly C. Phosphoproteome and Transcriptome of RA-Responsive and RA-Resistant Breast Cancer Cell Lines. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157290. [PMID: 27362937 PMCID: PMC4928811 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA), the main active vitamin A metabolite, controls multiple biological processes such as cell proliferation and differentiation through genomic programs and kinase cascades activation. Due to these properties, RA has proven anti-cancer capacity. Several breast cancer cells respond to the antiproliferative effects of RA, while others are RA-resistant. However, the overall signaling and transcriptional pathways that are altered in such cells have not been elucidated. Here, in a large-scale analysis of the phosphoproteins and in a genome-wide analysis of the RA-regulated genes, we compared two human breast cancer cell lines, a RA-responsive one, the MCF7 cell line, and a RA-resistant one, the BT474 cell line, which depicts several alterations of the “kinome”. Using high-resolution nano-LC-LTQ-Orbitrap mass spectrometry associated to phosphopeptide enrichment, we found that several proteins involved in signaling and in transcription, are differentially phosphorylated before and after RA addition. The paradigm of these proteins is the RA receptor α (RARα), which was phosphorylated in MCF7 cells but not in BT474 cells after RA addition. The panel of the RA-regulated genes was also different. Overall our results indicate that RA resistance might correlate with the deregulation of the phosphoproteome with consequences on gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn Carrier
- Department of Functional Genomics and Cancer, IGBMC (Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire), INSERM, U964, CNRS, UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg, 1 rue Laurent Fries, BP 10142, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, Strasbourg, France
| | - Mathilde Joint
- Proteomics Platform, IGBMC (Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire), INSERM, U964, CNRS, UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg, 1 rue Laurent Fries, BP 10142, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, Strasbourg, France
| | - Régis Lutzing
- Department of Functional Genomics and Cancer, IGBMC (Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire), INSERM, U964, CNRS, UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg, 1 rue Laurent Fries, BP 10142, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, Strasbourg, France
| | - Adeline Page
- Proteomics Platform, IGBMC (Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire), INSERM, U964, CNRS, UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg, 1 rue Laurent Fries, BP 10142, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, Strasbourg, France
| | - Cécile Rochette-Egly
- Department of Functional Genomics and Cancer, IGBMC (Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire), INSERM, U964, CNRS, UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg, 1 rue Laurent Fries, BP 10142, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, Strasbourg, France
- * E-mail:
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Jumper N, Hodgkinson T, Arscott G, Har-Shai Y, Paus R, Bayat A. The Aldo-Keto Reductase AKR1B10 Is Up-Regulated in Keloid Epidermis, Implicating Retinoic Acid Pathway Dysregulation in the Pathogenesis of Keloid Disease. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 136:1500-1512. [PMID: 27025872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Keloid disease is a recurrent fibroproliferative cutaneous tumor of unknown pathogenesis for which clinical management remains unsatisfactory. To obtain new insights into hitherto underappreciated aspects of keloid pathobiology, we took a laser capture microdissection-based, whole-genome microarray analysis approach to identify distinct keloid disease-associated gene expression patterns within defined keloid regions. Identification of the aldo-keto reductase enzyme AKR1B10 as highly up-regulated in keloid epidermis suggested that an imbalance of retinoic acid metabolism is likely associated with keloid disease. Here, we show that AKR1B10 transfection into normal human keratinocytes reproduced the abnormal retinoic acid pathway expression pattern we had identified in keloid epidermis. Cotransfection of AKR1B10 with a luciferase reporter plasmid showed reduced retinoic acid response element activity, supporting the hypothesis of retinoic acid synthesis deficiency in keloid epidermis. Paracrine signals released by AKR1B10-overexpressing keratinocytes into conditioned medium resulted in up-regulation of transforming growth factor-β1, transforming growth factor-β2, and collagens I and III in both keloid and normal skin fibroblasts, mimicking the typical profibrotic keloid profile. Our study results suggest that insufficient retinoic acid synthesis by keloid epidermal keratinocytes may contribute to the pathogenesis of keloid disease. We refocus attention on the role of injured epithelium in keloid disease and identify AKR1B10 as a potential new target in future management of keloid disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Jumper
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Tom Hodgkinson
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Guyan Arscott
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Yaron Har-Shai
- Plastic Surgery Unit, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ralf Paus
- Centre for Dermatology Research, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Department of Dermatology, University of Münster, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Ardeshir Bayat
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Centre for Dermatology Research, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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Zhang S, Chen X, Hu Y, Wu J, Cao Q, Chen S, Gao Y. All-trans retinoic acid modulates Wnt3A-induced osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells via activating the PI3K/AKT/GSK3β signalling pathway. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 422:243-253. [PMID: 26747727 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Revised: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a vital process for the maintenance of healthy bone tissue and is mediated by numerous factors. Canonical Wnt signalling is essential for MSC osteogenic differentiation, and it interacts with several nuclear receptors, including the retinoic acid receptor, vitamin D receptor, and glucocorticoid receptor. Here, we explored whether Wnt3A and all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) play synergistic roles in MSC osteogenic differentiation. We found that ATRA potentiated the Wnt3A-induced expression of early and late osteogenic markers as well as matrix mineralization and further confirmed the phenomena using foetal limb explant culture and MSC implantation experiments. Mechanistically, ATRA cooperated with Wnt3A to induce β-catenin translocation from cell-cell contacts into the cytosol and nucleus, thereby activating Wnt/β-catenin signalling. Additionally, Wnt3A attenuated ATRA-induced Cyp26a1 expression, inhibiting the degradation of ATRA into its oxidative forms. β-catenin silencing abolished the stimulatory effect of ATRA on Wnt3A-induced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and reversed its inhibitory effect on Cyp26a1 expression. Furthermore, ATRA and Wnt3A synergistically promoted AKT phosphorylation, enhancing β-catenin-dependent transcription through GSK3β inhibition or direct β-catenin phosphorylation at Ser552. This event was largely abolished by LY294002 pre-treatment, suggesting that ATRA and Wnt3A at least partially promote osteogenic differentiation via activating the PI3K/AKT/GSK3β signalling pathway. Thus, crosstalk between the Wnt/β-catenin and retinoic acid signalling pathways may be an effective therapeutic target for bone diseases, such as osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoting Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Geriatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Wu
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Cao
- Department of Geriatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuyan Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanhong Gao
- Department of Geriatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Chen H, Babino D, Schoenbichler SA, Arkhipova V, Töchterle S, Martin F, Huck CW, von Lintig J, Meyer D. Nmnat1-Rbp7 Is a Conserved Fusion-Protein That Combines NAD+ Catalysis of Nmnat1 with Subcellular Localization of Rbp7. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143825. [PMID: 26618989 PMCID: PMC4664474 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinol binding proteins (Rbps) are known as carriers for transport and targeting of retinoids to their metabolizing enzymes. Rbps are also reported to function in regulating the homeostatic balance of retinoid metabolism, as their level of retinoid occupancy impacts the activities of retinoid metabolizing enzymes. Here we used zebrafish as a model to study rbp7a function and regulation. We find that early embryonic rbp7a expression is negatively regulated by the Nodal/FoxH1-signaling pathway and we show that Nodal/FoxH1 activity has the opposite effect on aldh1a2, which encodes the major enzyme for early embryonic retinoic acid production. The data are consistent with a Nodal-dependent coordination of the allocation of retinoid precursors to processing enzymes with the catalysis of retinoic acid formation. Further, we describe a novel nmnat1-rbp7 transcript encoding a fusion of Rbp7 and the NAD+ (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) synthesizing enzyme Nmnat1. We show that nmnat1-rbp7 is conserved in fish, mouse and chicken, and that in zebrafish regulation of nmnat1-rbp7a is distinct from that of rbp7a and nmnat1. Injection experiments in zebrafish further revealed that Nmnat1-Rbp7a and Nmnat1 have similar NAD+ catalyzing activities but a different subcellular localization. HPLC measurements and protein localization analysis highlight Nmnat1-Rbp7a as the only known cytoplasmic and presumably endoplasmic reticulum (ER) specific NAD+ catalyzing enzyme. These studies, taken together with previously documented NAD+ dependent interaction of RBPs with ER-associated enzymes of retinal catalysis, implicate functions of this newly described NMNAT1-Rbp7 fusion protein in retinol oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Institute of Molecular Biology/CMBI, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Darwin Babino
- School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, 2109 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, United States of America
| | - Stefan A. Schoenbichler
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry/ CCB–Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80–82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Valeryia Arkhipova
- Institute of Molecular Biology/CMBI, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sonja Töchterle
- Institute of Molecular Biology/CMBI, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Fabian Martin
- Institute of Molecular Biology/CMBI, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christian W. Huck
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry/ CCB–Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80–82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes von Lintig
- School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, 2109 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, United States of America
| | - Dirk Meyer
- Institute of Molecular Biology/CMBI, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
- * E-mail:
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Molecular Mechanisms of the Action of Vitamin A in Th17/Treg Axis in Multiple Sclerosis. J Mol Neurosci 2015; 57:605-13. [PMID: 26319266 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-015-0643-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoinflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS). The immunopathogenesis of this disease involves an impaired balance of T helper (Th) 17 cells and regulatory T (Tregs) cells. MS is an autoinflammatory disease characterized by the degeneration of the CNS. For many years, MS has been considered to be an autoreactive Th1 and Th17 cell-dominated disease. The activity and number of Th17 cells are increased in MS; however, the function and number of Treg cells are reduced. Therefore, in MS, the balance between Th17 cells and Treg cells is impaired. Th17 cells produce pro-inflammatory cytokines, which play a role in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and MS. However, Treg cell-mediated production of cytokines maintains immune homeostasis and can ameliorate the progression of MS. These observations, therefore, confirm the pathogenic and protective role of Th17 and Treg cells, respectively, and highlight the importance of maintaining the balance of both of these cell types. Evidence suggests that vitamin A and its active metabolites (all-trans-retinoic acid and 9-cis-retinoic acid) modulate the imbalance of Th17 and Treg cells through multiple molecular pathways and can be considered as a promising target in the prevention and treatment of MS.
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Prat C, Bouvier D, Comptour A, Marceau G, Belville C, Clairefond G, Blanc P, Gallot D, Blanchon L, Sapin V. All-trans-retinoic acid regulates aquaporin-3 expression and related cellular membrane permeability in the human amniotic environment. Placenta 2015; 36:881-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Chatagnon A, Veber P, Morin V, Bedo J, Triqueneaux G, Sémon M, Laudet V, d'Alché-Buc F, Benoit G. RAR/RXR binding dynamics distinguish pluripotency from differentiation associated cis-regulatory elements. Nucleic Acids Res 2015; 43:4833-54. [PMID: 25897113 PMCID: PMC4446430 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In mouse embryonic cells, ligand-activated retinoic acid receptors (RARs) play a key role in inhibiting pluripotency-maintaining genes and activating some major actors of cell differentiation. To investigate the mechanism underlying this dual regulation, we performed joint RAR/RXR ChIP-seq and mRNA-seq time series during the first 48 h of the RA-induced Primitive Endoderm (PrE) differentiation process in F9 embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells. We show here that this dual regulation is associated with RAR/RXR genomic redistribution during the differentiation process. In-depth analysis of RAR/RXR binding sites occupancy dynamics and composition show that in undifferentiated cells, RAR/RXR interact with genomic regions characterized by binding of pluripotency-associated factors and high prevalence of the non-canonical DR0-containing RA response element. By contrast, in differentiated cells, RAR/RXR bound regions are enriched in functional Sox17 binding sites and are characterized with a higher frequency of the canonical DR5 motif. Our data offer an unprecedentedly detailed view on the action of RA in triggering pluripotent cell differentiation and demonstrate that RAR/RXR action is mediated via two different sets of regulatory regions tightly associated with cell differentiation status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Chatagnon
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, CGphiMC UMR CNRS 5534, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Philippe Veber
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, LBBE UMR CNRS 5558, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Valérie Morin
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, CGphiMC UMR CNRS 5534, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Justin Bedo
- Université d'Evry-Val d'Essonne, IBISC EA 4526, 91037 Evry, France
| | - Gérard Triqueneaux
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, CGphiMC UMR CNRS 5534, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Marie Sémon
- IGFL, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, INRA; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Vincent Laudet
- IGFL, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, INRA; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
| | | | - Gérard Benoit
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, CGphiMC UMR CNRS 5534, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
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The Effect of Vitamin A Supplementation on FoxP3 and TGF-β Gene Expression in Avonex-Treated Multiple Sclerosis Patients. J Mol Neurosci 2015; 56:608-12. [PMID: 25985851 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-015-0549-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoinflammatory condition of the central nervous system with impaired T helper (Th)17 and regulatory T cell (Treg) balance that is involved in disease immunopathogenesis. The vitamin A active metabolite, retinoic acid, can re-establish this imbalance through the modulation of gene expression of specific nuclear receptors including Forkhead box P3 (FoxP3). At present, few data exist on the impact of vitamin A supplementation on T cell balance. This study reports the results of a clinical trial, over a 6-month period, of 36 relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients that received vitamin A (25,000 IU retinyl palmitate) or placebo (one capsule of placebo per day). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from patients, and the expression of FoxP3 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β gene expression was measured using real-time PCR at the beginning and end of the study. The results of this study showed that vitamin A upregulated TGF-β and FoxP3 gene expression. Therefore, vitamin A supplementation can be considered as a new approach in MS prevention and treatment.
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