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Schoukroun F, Befort K, Bourdy R. The rostromedial tegmental nucleus gates fat overconsumption through ventral tegmental area output in male rats. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024; 49:1569-1579. [PMID: 38570645 PMCID: PMC11319719 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-024-01855-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Excessive consumption of palatable foods that are rich in fats and sugars has contributed to the increasing prevalence of obesity worldwide. Similar to addictive drugs, such foods activate the brain's reward circuit, involving mesolimbic dopaminergic projections from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and the prefrontal cortex. Neuroadaptations occurring in this circuit are hypothesized to contribute to uncontrolled consumption of such foods, a common feature of most of eating disorders and obesity. The rostromedial tegmental nucleus (RMTg), also named tail of the VTA (tVTA), is an inhibitory structure projecting to the VTA and the lateral hypothalamus (LH), two key brain regions in food intake regulation. Prior research has demonstrated that the RMTg responds to addictive drugs and influences their impact on mesolimbic activity and reward-related behaviors. However, the role of the RMTg in food intake regulation remains largely unexplored. The present study aimed to investigate the role of the RMTg and its projections to the VTA and the LH in regulating food intake in rats. To do so, we examined eating patterns of rats with either bilateral excitotoxic lesions of the RMTg or specific lesions of RMTg-VTA and RMTg-LH pathways. Rats were exposed to a 6-week 'free choice high-fat and high-sugar' diet, followed by a 4-week palatable food forced abstinence and a 24 h re-access period. Our results indicate that an RMTg-VTA pathway lesion increases fat consumption following 6 weeks of diet and at time of re-access. The RMTg-LH pathway lesion produces a milder effect with a decrease in global calorie intake. These findings suggest that the RMTg influences palatable food consumption and relapse through its projections to the VTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Schoukroun
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives et Adaptatives (LNCA), Université de Strasbourg, UMR7364, CNRS, 12 Rue Goethe, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Katia Befort
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives et Adaptatives (LNCA), Université de Strasbourg, UMR7364, CNRS, 12 Rue Goethe, 67000, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Romain Bourdy
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives et Adaptatives (LNCA), Université de Strasbourg, UMR7364, CNRS, 12 Rue Goethe, 67000, Strasbourg, France.
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Mammì A, Bova V, Martino I, Sammarra I, Ferlazzo E, Pascarella A, Abelardo D, Marsico O, Torino C, Cianci V, Viola G, Pecoraro V, Beghi M, Gambardella A, Pujia A, Aguglia U, Gasparini S. Functional seizures and binge eating disorder: A cross-sectional study. Epilepsy Behav 2024; 158:109943. [PMID: 39002280 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.109943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Functional seizures (FS) are brief, involuntary changes in behaviour or consciousness, distinct from epileptic seizures, potentially associated with psychological dissociation. Binge eating disorder (BED) was linked to psychological and somatic dissociation also. However, any connection between FS and BED is insufficiently explored. We aimed to assess BED prevalence in individuals with FS, anxiety/depression (AD), and healthy subjects (HS), to investigate dissociation's link to binge eating, and to explore psychological characteristics of FS individuals. METHOD Participants underwent evaluations based on ILAE guidelines and DSM-5 criteria, including questionnaires assessing binge eating, dissociation, anxiety, depression and personality traits. Inclusion criteria were age > 18 years, no history of substance abuse, no history of epilepsy, and no use of medications inducing eating disorders. RESULTS We found significantly more frequent and severe binge-eating symptoms in individuals with FS and AD compared to HS. Depression and dissociation correlated with binge-eating symptoms in both AD and FS groups. The PID-5 facet 'Perseveration' predicted binge-eating attitudes only in FS individuals; they reported more childhood emotional neglect and increased disinhibition compared do AD people. DISCUSSION This study underscores the commonality of binge-eating symptoms in FS individuals, emphasizing its association with dissociation symptoms. This finding support the hypothesis of a link between dissociation and eating disorders. Unique clinical characteristics in individuals with FS were identified, as a compulsive dimension related to binge-eating symptoms, providing a comprehensive understanding of their psychological profile and guiding targeted therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Mammì
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, "Magna Græcia" University of Catanzaro, Italy; Regional Epilepsy Centre, Great Metropolitan Hospital, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Valentina Bova
- Regional Epilepsy Centre, Great Metropolitan Hospital, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Iolanda Martino
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, "Magna Græcia" University of Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ilaria Sammarra
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, "Magna Græcia" University of Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Edoardo Ferlazzo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, "Magna Græcia" University of Catanzaro, Italy; Regional Epilepsy Centre, Great Metropolitan Hospital, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Angelo Pascarella
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, "Magna Græcia" University of Catanzaro, Italy; Regional Epilepsy Centre, Great Metropolitan Hospital, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Domenico Abelardo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, "Magna Græcia" University of Catanzaro, Italy; Regional Epilepsy Centre, Great Metropolitan Hospital, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Oreste Marsico
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, "Magna Græcia" University of Catanzaro, Italy; Regional Epilepsy Centre, Great Metropolitan Hospital, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Claudia Torino
- IFC-CNR, National Research Council - Institute of Clinical Physiology, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Vittoria Cianci
- Regional Epilepsy Centre, Great Metropolitan Hospital, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Giulia Viola
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, "Magna Græcia" University of Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valeria Pecoraro
- Regional Epilepsy Centre, Great Metropolitan Hospital, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Gambardella
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, "Magna Græcia" University of Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Arturo Pujia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, "Magna Græcia" University of Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Umberto Aguglia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, "Magna Græcia" University of Catanzaro, Italy; Regional Epilepsy Centre, Great Metropolitan Hospital, Reggio Calabria, Italy.
| | - Sara Gasparini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, "Magna Græcia" University of Catanzaro, Italy; Regional Epilepsy Centre, Great Metropolitan Hospital, Reggio Calabria, Italy
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He L, Li Q, Yang Y, Li J, Luo W, Huang Y, Zhong X. Pharmacovigilance study of GLP-1 receptor agonists for metabolic and nutritional adverse events. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1416985. [PMID: 39040467 PMCID: PMC11260617 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1416985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are employed extensively in the management of type 2 diabetes and obesity. However, there is a paucity of real-world data on their safety and tolerability for metabolic and nutritional adverse events in large sample populations. This study aimed to analyse the metabolic and nutritional safety signatures of different GLP-1 RAs by exploring the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Methods: AEs data were extracted from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System database for each GLP-1 RA from the time of its launch until the second quarter of 2023. The reported odds ratio (ROR), proportional reporting ratio (PRR), Empirical Bayesian Geometric Mean and Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network were employed to identify AE signals. Results: A system organ class of metabolism and nutrition disorders was employed to filter AE reports, resulting in the identification of 10,450 reports for exenatide, 2,860 reports for liraglutide, 240 reports for albiglutide, 4,847 reports for dulaglutide, 2,905 reports for semaglutide, 1,089 reports for tirzepatide, and 13 reports for lixisenatide. Semaglutide (ROR, 3.34; 95%CI, 3.22), liraglutide (ROR, 2.78; 95%CI, 2.69), and exenatide (ROR, 2.15; 95%CI, 2.11) were associated with metabolism and nutrition disorders. The number of AE signals detected were as follows: albiglutide (n = 1), lixisenatide (n = 2), tirzepatide (n = 11), exenatide (n = 12), liraglutide (n = 16), semaglutide (n = 20), dulaglutide (n = 22). Dehydration was the most frequent AE contributing to serious outcomes for liraglutide (n = 318, 23.93%), dulaglutide (n = 434, 20.90%), semaglutide (n = 370, 25.10%) and tirzepatide (n = 70, 32.86%). The time to onset (TTO) of AE was statistically different between exenatide and the other GLP-1 RAs (p < 0.001), and the Weibull parameters for dehydration for liraglutide, dulaglutide, and semaglutide analyses all showed an early failure-type profile. Conclusion: Our study suggests that exenatide, liraglutide, and semaglutide are more susceptible to metabolic and nutritional AEs than other GLP-1 RAs. Liraglutide, dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepaptide's potential to induce dehydration, necessitates special attention. Despite certain deficiencies, GLP-1 RAs have considerable potential for the treatment of eating disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long He
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qiuyu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yongfeng Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jiahao Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yilan Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhong
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Lindgreen P, Willaing I, Clausen L, Ismail K, Grønbæk HN, Andersen CH, Persson F, Cleal B. "I Haven't Told Anyone but You": Experiences and Biopsychosocial Support Needs of People With Type 2 Diabetes and Binge Eating. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:621-634. [PMID: 38183221 PMCID: PMC11103901 DOI: 10.1177/10497323231223367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Up to 25% of people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) may binge eat which is almost 10 times as many as in the general population. Binge eating is associated with depression, anxiety, and social isolation. Moreover, binge eating may increase the risk of obesity and high blood glucose levels, both of which can accelerate the onset of complications to diabetes and death in people with T2D. Still, little is known about the experiences, needs, and preferences of people with T2D and binge eating that can inform and develop current and future treatment efforts. The aim of the study was therefore to gain in-depth insights into the experiences and biopsychosocial support needs of women and men with T2D and binge eating. Twenty semi-structured individual interviews (65% with females) were conducted and analyzed according to the methodology of Interpretive Description. Four themes were identified: (a) T2D and binge eating: Feeling trapped in a vicious circle; (b) Unwanted outcasts: Responding to continuous criticism; (c) Biomedical relief: Blaming and adjusting the body; and, (d) Silent struggles: Wanting to cease the secrecy. Pertinent to all themes were the guilt, shame, and worries about developing complications that the participants experienced when binge eating despite having T2D. Although binge eating triggered emotional distress, binge eating was at the same time a way of coping with such distress. Implications for treatment and future research are discussed, including the need to systematically assess and address binge eating in routine T2D care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ingrid Willaing
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Loa Clausen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Aarhus University Hospital Psychiatry, Aarhus N, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Khalida Ismail
- Department of Psychological Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - Bryan Cleal
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
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Chmiel J, Kurpas D, Rybakowski F, Leszek J. The Effectiveness of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) in Binge Eating Disorder (BED)-Review and Insight into the Mechanisms of Action. Nutrients 2024; 16:1521. [PMID: 38794759 PMCID: PMC11123682 DOI: 10.3390/nu16101521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Binge eating disorder (BED) is the most common eating disorder among those contributing to the development of obesity, and thus acts as a significant burden on the lives and health of patients. It is characterized by complex neurobiology, which includes changes in brain activity and neurotransmitter secretion. Existing treatments are moderately effective, and so the search for new therapies that are effective and safe is ongoing. AIM AND METHODS This review examines the use of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in the treatment of binge eating disorder. Searches were conducted on the PubMed/Medline, Research Gate, and Cochrane databases. RESULTS Six studies were found that matched the review topic. All of them used the anodal stimulation of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in BED patients. tDCS proved effective in reducing food cravings, the desire to binge eat, the number of binging episodes, and food intake. It also improved the outcomes of inhibitory control and the treatment of eating disorder psychopathology. The potential mechanisms of action of tDCS in BED are explained, limitations in current research are outlined, and recommendations for future research are provided. CONCLUSIONS Preliminary evidence suggests that the anodal application of tDCS to the right DLPFC reduces the symptoms of BED. However, caution should be exercised in the broader use of tDCS in this context due to the small number of studies performed and the small number of patients included. Future studies should incorporate neuroimaging and neurophysiological measurements to elucidate the potential mechanisms of action of tDCS in BED.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Chmiel
- Institute of Neurofeedback and tDCS Poland, 70-393 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Donata Kurpas
- Department of Family and Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wrocław Medical University, 51-618 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Filip Rybakowski
- Department and Clinic of Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznań, Poland
| | - Jerzy Leszek
- Department and Clinic of Psychiatry, Wrocław Medical University, 54-235 Wrocław, Poland
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van Beers E, Melisse B, de Jonge M, Peen J, van den Berg E, de Beurs E. Web-based guided self-help cognitive behavioral therapy-enhanced versus treatment as usual for binge-eating disorder: a randomized controlled trial protocol. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1332360. [PMID: 38435976 PMCID: PMC10904459 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1332360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Binge-eating disorder (BED) is a psychiatric disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of eating a large amount of food in a discrete period of time while experiencing a loss of control. Cognitive behavioral therapy-enhanced (CBT-E) is a recommended treatment for binge-eating disorder and is typically offered through 20 sessions. Although binge-eating disorder is highly responsive to CBT-E, the cost of treating these patients is high. Therefore, it is crucial to evaluate the efficacy of low-intensity and low-cost treatments for binge-eating disorder that can be offered as a first line of treatment and be widely disseminated. The proposed noninferiority randomized controlled trial aims to determine the efficacy of web-based guided self-help CBT-E compared to treatment-as-usual CBT-E. Guided self-help will be based on a self-help program to stop binge eating, will be shorter in duration and lower intensity, and will require fewer therapist hours. Patients with binge-eating disorder (N = 180) will be randomly assigned to receive guided self-help or treatment-as-usual. Assessments will take place at baseline, mid-treatment, at the end of treatment, and at 20- and 40-weeks post-treatment. Treatment efficacy will be measured by examining the reduction in binge-eating days in the previous 28 days between baseline and the end of treatment between groups, with a noninferiority margin (Δ) of 1 binge-eating day. Secondary outcomes will include full remission, body shape dissatisfaction, therapeutic alliance, clinical impairment, health-related quality of life, attrition, and an economic evaluation to assess cost-effectiveness and cost-utility. The moderators examined will be baseline scores, demographic variables, and body mass index. It is expected that guided self-help is noninferior in efficacy compared to treatment-as-usual. The proposed study will be the first to directly compare the efficacy and economically evaluate a low-intensity and low-cost binge-eating disorder treatment compared to treatment-as-usual. If guided self-help is noninferior to treatment-as-usual in efficacy, it can be widely disseminated and used as a first line of treatment for patients with binge-eating disorder. The Dutch trial register number is R21.016. The study has been approved by the Medical Research Ethics Committees United on May 25th, 2021, case number NL76368.100.21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella van Beers
- Novarum Center for Eating Disorders & Obesity, Amstelveen, Netherlands
| | - Bernou Melisse
- Novarum Center for Eating Disorders & Obesity, Amstelveen, Netherlands
- Utrecht University, Department of Clinical Psychology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Margo de Jonge
- Novarum Center for Eating Disorders & Obesity, Amstelveen, Netherlands
| | - Jaap Peen
- Department of Research, Arkin Mental Health Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Elske van den Berg
- Novarum Center for Eating Disorders & Obesity, Amstelveen, Netherlands
- Department of Research, Arkin Mental Health Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Edwin de Beurs
- Department of Research, Arkin Mental Health Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Leiden University, Department of Clinical Psychology, Leiden, Netherlands
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Alyami SH, Alhamdan A, Alebrahim HM, Almadani AH, Aljuraiban GS, Abulmeaty MMA. Gastric Myoelectric Activity and Body Composition in Women with Binge Eating Disorder and Bulimia Nervosa: A Preliminary Trial Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4563. [PMID: 37510678 PMCID: PMC10380395 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12144563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Women with eating disorders (EDs) often complain of abnormal gastric responses, which may impact their eating patterns and, consequently, their body composition. Binge eating disorder (BED) and bulimia nervosa (BN) have been shown to affect gastric myoelectric activity (GMA), which may provide a basis for the gastric response in this disease population. This study aimed to examine GMA and body composition in patients with an ED compared to age-body mass index (BMI) matched controls. This case-control study included 18 adults diagnosed with BED or BN compared to 19 age-gender-BMI-matched controls. The electrogastrography with water load test was used to measure GMA during fasting and after water loading to satiety. Body composition was measured using a bioelectric impedance analyzer. The results showed that the ED group had a significantly higher water load than the control group and increased percentages of tachygastria times. Comparing the BED and BN subgroups showed differences in body composition status between the subgroups in the form of less fat mass, muscle mass, and total body water in the BN subgroup. In the BN subgroup, fat mass was associated with the average dominant frequency in the EGG. Thus, measuring GMA may be a promising approach to understanding gastric abnormalities in patients with EDs. Therapies targeting improving body composition in women with BED and BN are recommended in future ED management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seham H Alyami
- Community Health Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel Alhamdan
- Community Health Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan M Alebrahim
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad H Almadani
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghadeer S Aljuraiban
- Community Health Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud M A Abulmeaty
- Community Health Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
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de Moraes CEF, Donnelly B, Appolinario JC, Hay P. Obtaining long-term recovery: advances in optimizing treatment outcomes in patients with binge-eating disorder. Expert Rev Neurother 2023; 23:1097-1111. [PMID: 37916419 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2023.2273392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Binge-eating disorder (BED) is a complex and disabling eating disorder (ED) associated with considerable burden and impairments in quality of life and physical/mental health. It has been recognized as a formal ED category since 2013, however BED is still underdetected and undertreated. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes the advances in the understanding of the pathophysiology of BED as well as the evidence on the efficacy of the existing treatments. The authors searched Scopus, PubMed, ClinicalTrials.Gov, and ANZCTR with terms including 'assessment' OR 'treatment' OR 'diagnosis' OR 'mechanisms' AND 'binge eating' OR 'binge-eating disorder' for manuscripts published between January 2013 and April 2023. EXPERT OPINION Most of the trials on treatments of BED have been in people of high weight with weight loss as an outcome. Nevertheless, less is known about the treatment of this condition in people with body mass index (BMI) within the normal range where weight stabilization may be a more appropriate goal. Moreover, there is a need for an enhanced appreciation of the role of combination treatment to improve overall outcomes. Also, there are important opportunities for future research in understanding the mechanisms of action and effectiveness of BED treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Eduardo Ferreira de Moraes
- Obesity and Eating Disorders Group (GOTA), Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Translational Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Brooke Donnelly
- Clinical Psychology Unit, School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Jose Carlos Appolinario
- Obesity and Eating Disorders Group (GOTA), Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Phillipa Hay
- Translational Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
- Mental Health Services, South West Sydney Local Health District (SWSLHD), Campbelltown, Australia
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Via E, Contreras-Rodríguez O. Binge-Eating Precursors in Children and Adolescents: Neurodevelopment, and the Potential Contribution of Ultra-Processed Foods. Nutrients 2023; 15:2994. [PMID: 37447320 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Binge-eating disorder (BED) is a highly prevalent disorder. Subthreshold BED conditions (sBED) are even more frequent in youth, but their significance regarding BED etiology and long-term prognosis is unclear. A better understanding of brain findings associated with BED and sBED, in the context of critical periods for neurodevelopment, is relevant to answer such questions. The present narrative review starts from the knowledge of the development of emotional self-regulation in youth, and the brain circuits supporting emotion-regulation and eating behaviour. Next, neuroimaging studies with sBED and BED samples will be reviewed, and their brain-circuitry overlap will be examined. Deficits in inhibition control systems are observed to precede, and hyperactivity of reward regions to characterize, sBED, with overlapping findings in BED. The imbalance between reward/inhibition systems, and the implication of interoception/homeostatic processing brain systems should be further examined. Recent knowledge of the potential impact that the high consumption of ultra-processed foods in paediatric samples may have on these sBED/BED-associated brain systems is then discussed. There is a need to identify, early on, those sBED individuals at risk of developing BED at neurodevelopmental stages when there is a great possibility of prevention. However, more neuroimaging studies with sBED/BED pediatric samples are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Via
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Santa Rosa 39-57, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Passeig Sant Joan de Déu, 2, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Oren Contreras-Rodríguez
- Medical Imaging, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IdIBGi), Parc Hospitalari Martí i Julià-Edifici M2, Salt, 17190 Girona, Spain
- Health Institute Carlos III (ISCIII) and CIBERSAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
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Friedman J, Yoon C, Emery Tavernier R, Mason S, Neumark-Sztainer D. Associations of childhood maltreatment with binge eating and binge drinking in emerging adult women. Prev Med Rep 2023; 33:102217. [PMID: 37223561 PMCID: PMC10201826 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Binge drinking and binge eating are prevalent, frequently co-occurring, high-risk behaviors among emerging adult women, each with physical and psychological consequences. The mechanisms driving their co-occurrence are not well understood, though a history of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may increase the risk for both binge behaviors. Objective To assess the association between ACE subtypes and individual and co-occurring binge drinking and eating in emerging adult women. Participants and Setting A diverse sample of women participating in the population-based study EAT 2018: Eating and Activity over Time (N = 788; aged 18-30; 19% Asian, 22% Black, 19% Latino, and 36% White). Methods Multinomial logistic regression estimated associations among ACE subtypes (i.e., sexual abuse, physical abuse, emotional abuse, household dysfunction), and binge drinking, binge eating, and their co-occurrence. Results are reported as predicted probabilities (PP) of each outcome. Results Over half of the sample (62%) reported at least one ACE. In models mutually adjusted for other ACEs, physical and emotional abuse showed the strongest associations with binge behaviors. Experiences of physical abuse had the strongest association with a ten-percentage point higher predicted probability of binge drinking (PP = 37%, 95% [CI 27-47%]) and seven-percentage point higher PP of co-occurring binge eating and drinking (PP = 12%, 95% CI [5-19%]). Emotional abuse had the strongest association with an 11-percentage point higher PP binge eating only (PP = 20%, 95% CI [11-29%]). Conclusions This study found childhood physical and emotional abuse to be particularly relevant risk factors for binge drinking, binge eating, and their co-occurrence among emerging adult women.
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Affiliation(s)
- J.K. Friedman
- Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Minneapolis Veterans Administration Heath Care System, Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - C.Y. Yoon
- Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - R.L. Emery Tavernier
- Family Medicine and Biobehavioral Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - S.M. Mason
- Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - D. Neumark-Sztainer
- Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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11
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Bourdy R, Befort K. The Role of the Endocannabinoid System in Binge Eating Disorder. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119574. [PMID: 37298525 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Eating disorders are multifactorial disorders that involve maladaptive feeding behaviors. Binge eating disorder (BED), the most prevalent of these in both men and women, is characterized by recurrent episodes of eating large amounts of food in a short period of time, with a subjective loss of control over eating behavior. BED modulates the brain reward circuit in humans and animal models, which involves the dynamic regulation of the dopamine circuitry. The endocannabinoid system plays a major role in the regulation of food intake, both centrally and in the periphery. Pharmacological approaches together with research using genetically modified animals have strongly highlighted a predominant role of the endocannabinoid system in feeding behaviors, with the specific modulation of addictive-like eating behaviors. The purpose of the present review is to summarize our current knowledge on the neurobiology of BED in humans and animal models and to highlight the specific role of the endocannabinoid system in the development and maintenance of BED. A proposed model for a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms involving the endocannabinoid system is discussed. Future research will be necessary to develop more specific treatment strategies to reduce BED symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Bourdy
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives et Adaptatives (LNCA), Université de Strasbourg, UMR7364, CNRS, 12 Rue Goethe, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Katia Befort
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives et Adaptatives (LNCA), Université de Strasbourg, UMR7364, CNRS, 12 Rue Goethe, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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12
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Baenas I, Miranda-Olivos R, Solé-Morata N, Jiménez-Murcia S, Fernández-Aranda F. Neuroendocrinological factors in binge eating disorder: A narrative review. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2023; 150:106030. [PMID: 36709632 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Neuroendocrine mechanisms play a key role in the regulation of eating behavior. In individuals with binge eating disorder (BED), alterations in these mechanisms signaling hunger and satiety have been observed. It has been investigated that these alterations may underlie the development and maintenance of compulsive overeating in BED. The present narrative review examined the current literature related to the neurobiological processes involved in feeding dysregulation in BED with the aim of updating the most relevant aspects with special attention to neuroendocrine signaling. Studies have shown both central and peripheral endocrine dysfunctions in hormones participating in homeostatic and hedonic pathways in BED. Most studies have been especially focused on orexigenic signals, pointing out the existence of a hyperactivated mechanism promoting hunger. Fewer studies have explored anorexigenic pathways, but the findings so far seem to suggest an abnormal satiety threshold. Despite this, to date, it is unable to identify whether these alterations are typical of the BED pathophysiology or are related to an obesogenic pattern due to most studies included patients with BED and obesity. The identification of endophenotypes in BED may provide a new approach to aberrant eating behavior, favoring the implementation of biological therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Baenas
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 Barcelona, Spain; Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain; Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Romina Miranda-Olivos
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 Barcelona, Spain; Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain; Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Neus Solé-Morata
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Susana Jiménez-Murcia
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 Barcelona, Spain; Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain; Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Fernando Fernández-Aranda
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 Barcelona, Spain; Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain; Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain.
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Phimphasone-Brady P, Page CE, Ali DA, Haller HC, Duffy KA. Racial and ethnic disparities in women's mental health: a narrative synthesis of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of the US-based samples. Fertil Steril 2023; 119:364-374. [PMID: 36702342 PMCID: PMC10754063 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Over 2 decades of research indicate the significance of racial or ethnic disparities in mental illness in the United States. However, minoritized racial or ethnic groups tend to report overall lower prevalence rates of psychiatric disorders than White adults, although this varies depending on gender and race or ethnicity. We conducted a rigorous and systematic narrative synthesis on the differences in the prevalence rates and symptoms that differ across racial or ethnic women in depression, anxiety, eating disorders, and premenstrual syndrome or premenstrual dysphoric disorder. Seven systematic reviews and meta-analyses that examined racial/ethnic differences in depression and eating disorders were included. No review that examined racial/ethnic differences in anxiety or premenstrual syndrome or premenstrual dysphoric disorder met inclusion criteria. Methodological quality of the reviews, which was determined by the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews criteria, revealed that the results of 5 reviews were rated as critically low confidence, one review was rated as low confidence, and one review was rated as high confidence. Findings were inconsistent across systematic reviews and meta-analyses because of the methodological differences in the original studies. Overall, racially or ethnically minoritized women generally report lower prevalence rates in depressive and eating disorders than the White women; however, they exhibit different or greater symptom presentation that could influence prevalence estimates depending on the diagnostic criteria followed. Methodological considerations are provided to strengthen the literature on racial or ethnic mental health disparities in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phoutdavone Phimphasone-Brady
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Family Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
| | - Chloe E Page
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Diab A Ali
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Heinrich C Haller
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Korrina A Duffy
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
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14
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Brandt G, Halbeisen G, Braks K, Huber TJ, Paslakis G. Gender differences in individuals with obesity and binge eating disorder: A retrospective comparison of phenotypical features and treatment outcomes. EUROPEAN EATING DISORDERS REVIEW 2023; 31:413-424. [PMID: 36802088 DOI: 10.1002/erv.2972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Phenotypical comparisons between individuals with obesity without binge eating disorder (OB) and individuals with obesity and comorbid binge eating disorder (OB + BED) are subject to ongoing investigations. At the same time, gender-related differences have rarely been explored, raising the question whether men and women with OB and OB + BED may require differently tailored treatments. METHOD We retrospectively compared pre- versus post-treatment data in a matched sample of n = 180 men and n = 180 women with OB or OB + BED who received inpatient treatment. RESULTS We found that men displayed higher weight loss than women independent of diagnostic group. In addition, men with OB + BED showed higher weight loss than men with OB after 7 weeks of treatment. CONCLUSIONS The present findings add to an emerging yet overall still sparse body of studies comparing phenotypical features and treatment outcomes in men and women with OB and OB + BED; implications for further research are discussed. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was prospectively registered with the German Clinical Trial Register as part of application DRKS00028441.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerrit Brandt
- University Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Campus East-Westphalia, Ruhr-University Bochum, Luebbecke, Germany
| | - Georg Halbeisen
- University Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Campus East-Westphalia, Ruhr-University Bochum, Luebbecke, Germany
| | - Karsten Braks
- Centre for Eating Disorders, Klinik am Korso, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Thomas J Huber
- Centre for Eating Disorders, Klinik am Korso, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Georgios Paslakis
- University Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Campus East-Westphalia, Ruhr-University Bochum, Luebbecke, Germany
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15
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Styk W, Wojtowicz E, Zmorzynski S. I Don't Want to Be Thin! Fear of Weight Change Is Not Just a Fear of Obesity: Research on the Body Mass Anxiety Scale. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2888. [PMID: 36833584 PMCID: PMC9957053 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Anxiety is one of the psychological factors associated with body weight experienced by people attempting to live up to expectations of an ideal body shape. The stigma of excessive or too low body weight and the stigmatization of people because of it is becoming a widespread problem with negative psychological and social consequences. One effect of the strong social pressure of beauty standards dependent on low body weight is the development of eating disorders and negative societal attitudes toward overweight or obese people. Research conducted to date has mainly focused on one dimension of weight-related anxiety-the fear of getting fat. Ongoing research has also revealed the other side of weight-related anxiety-fear of weight loss. Therefore, the purpose of the present project was to develop a two-dimensional scale to diagnose the level of weight-related anxiety and to preliminarily test the psychometric properties of the emerging constructs. Results: the BMAS-20 weight-related anxiety scale in both Polish and English versions was developed and its psychometric properties were confirmed. The components of body weight-change anxiety that emerged were: anxiety about getting fat and anxiety about losing weight. It was found that both AGF and ALW may have a protective function related to awareness of the negative consequences of poor eating and the health risks associated with it. Above-normal levels of anxiety may be a predictor of psychopathology. Both AGF and ALW are associated with symptoms of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Styk
- Department of Psychology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewa Wojtowicz
- Polish Academy of Social Sciences and Humanities, 69 Banstead Road, Carshalton, London SM5 3NP, UK
| | - Szymon Zmorzynski
- Department of Cancer Genetics with Cytogenetic Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland
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16
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Suchta K, Smolarczyk R, Czajkowski K, Rudnicka E, Kokoszka A. Binge Eating Disorder-The Point Prevalence among Polish Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Validity of Screening Tool for This Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:546. [PMID: 36612867 PMCID: PMC9819692 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders which is associated with an increased risk of metabolic dysregulation. The elevated prevalence of obesity has been observed in women with PCOS. Since obesity is commonly associated with eating disturbances, including the binge eating disorder (BED), and since the hormonal changes in PCOS patients could influence the food intake model, we decided to estimate the prevalence of BED in PCOS patients and to assess the sensitivity and specificity of the Questionnaire for Binge Eating Screening (QBES) in PCOS patients. METHODS A total of 122 hospitalized women with PCOS aged 16-45 (M = 26; SD = 5.22) took part in the study. Binge eating disorder (BED) was diagnosed according to the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria. QBES was used as a screening tool for BED. RESULTS The point prevalence of BED in PCOS women according to DMS-5 criteria was 51 (42%). At least two positive answers to four QBES items had 100% sensitivity and 91% specificity. Positive answers to even only the first two questions from QBES had 98% sensitivity and 85% specificity. CONCLUSIONS Women with polycystic ovary syndrome are at a very high risk of binge eating behaviors. Screening for eating disorders should be a routine procedure in women with PCOS. The first two questions from QBES are a brief and relatively reliable screening tool that may be used in everyday practice with POSC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Suchta
- Department of Gynaecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Karowa 2 Str., 00-315 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Roman Smolarczyk
- Department of Gynaecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Karowa 2 Str., 00-315 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Czajkowski
- II Department of Obstetric and Gynaecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Karowa 2 Str., 00-315 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Rudnicka
- Department of Gynaecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Karowa 2 Str., 00-315 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Kokoszka
- II Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
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Schuller J, Koch M. Investigating a role of orexin and ‘cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript’ in the nucleus accumbens shell in binge eating of male rats and the relationship with impulsivity. Physiol Behav 2022; 257:114000. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.114000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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do Rosário Caldas N, Braulio VB, Brasil MAA, Furtado VCS, de Carvalho DP, Cotrik EM, Dantas JR, Zajdenverg L. Binge eating disorder, frequency of depression, and systemic inflammatory state in individuals with obesity - A cross sectional study. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2022; 66:489-497. [PMID: 35758834 PMCID: PMC10697643 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Binge eating disorder (BED) is the most prevalent eating disorder in individuals with obesity. Its association with factors that control hunger and satiety has not yet been elucidated. We evaluated whether levels of inflammatory markers, frequency of psychiatric comorbidities, and appetite-related hormones levels differ between individuals with obesity with and without BED. Subjects and methods The Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 - Clinician Version (SCID-5-CV), Binge Eating Scale, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were evaluated in 39 individuals with obesity. Plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), leptin, ghrelin, and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) were measured. Results Individuals of the BED group exhibited significantly higher percentages of altered eating patterns (hyperphagia, bingeing, post-dinner eating, feeling "stuffed", and emotional eating), higher depressive symptom scores and levels of leptin, CRP, and TNF-α, compared to those from the non-BED group. Logistic regression showed that BED was independently associated with depressive symptoms and CRP levels. Conclusion Individuals with obesity and BED showed greater psychiatric comorbidity, worse eating patterns and worse inflammatory profile than those without BED. BED should be assessed as an indicator of clinical severity in patients with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson do Rosário Caldas
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Serviço de Psiquiatria e Psicologia Médica, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil,
| | - Valeria Bender Braulio
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Serviço de Nutrologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Marco Antônio Alves Brasil
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Serviço de Psiquiatria e Psicologia Médica, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | | | - Denise Pires de Carvalho
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Ervin Michelstaedter Cotrik
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Serviço de Psiquiatria e Psicologia Médica, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Joana Rodrigues Dantas
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Serviço de Nutrologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Lenita Zajdenverg
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Serviço de Nutrologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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Hay P, Palavras MA, da Luz FQ, dos Anjos Garnes S, Sainsbury A, Touyz S, Appolinario JC, Claudino AM. Physical and mental health outcomes of an integrated cognitive behavioural and weight management therapy for people with an eating disorder characterized by binge eating and a high body mass index: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:355. [PMID: 35610603 PMCID: PMC9131673 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04005-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge eating disorder (BED) are eating disorders (EDs) characterized by recurrent binge eating. They are associated with medical complications, impaired adaptive function and often a high BMI, for which a multidisciplinary treatment approach may be needed. This study explored the efficacy of a novel intervention integrating Cognitive Behavioural Therapy- Enhanced (CBT-E) and weight management for people with recurrent binge eating episodes and high BMI with respect to physical, psychopathological and quality of life outcomes. METHODS Ninety-eight adults diagnosed with BN, BED, or Other Specified/Unspecified Feeding or Eating Disorder (OSFED/UFED) and BMI ≥ 27 to <40 kg/m2 were randomized to a multidisciplinary approach, the Healthy APproach to weIght management and Food in Eating Disorders (HAPIFED) or to CBT-E. Metabolic parameters, health-related quality of life, general psychological and ED symptoms and ED diagnostic status outcomes are reported. Data were analyzed with mixed effects models adopting multiple imputed datasets where data were missing. RESULTS Both HAPIFED and CBT-E showed statistical significance for the time effect, with reduction in stress (p < 0.001), improvement in mental health-related quality of life (p = 0.032), reduction in binge eating severity (p < 0.001), and also in global ED symptoms scores (p < 0.001), with the significant changes found at end of treatment and sustained at 12-month follow-up. However, no statistical significance was found for differences between the interventions in any of the outcomes measured. Despite a high BMI, most participants (> 75%) had blood test results for glucose, insulin, triglycerides and cholesterol within the normal range, and 52% were within the normal range for the physical component of quality of life at baseline with no change during the trial period. CONCLUSION Integrating weight and ED management resulted in comparable outcomes to ED therapy alone. Although adding weight management to an ED intervention had no adverse effects on psychological outcomes, it also had no beneficial effect on metabolic outcomes. Therefore, more intense weight management strategies may be required where indicated to improve metabolic outcomes. Safety will need to be concurrently investigated. TRIAL REGISTRATION US National Institutes of Health clinical trial registration number NCT02464345 , date of registration 08/06/2015. Changes to the present paper from the published protocol paper (Trials 18:578, 2015) and as reported in the Trial registration (clinicaltrials.gov) are reported in Supplementary File 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillipa Hay
- School of Medicine, Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, 1797 Locked Bag Avenue, Sydney, 2751, Australia.
| | - Marly Amorim Palavras
- grid.1029.a0000 0000 9939 5719School of Medicine, Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, 1797 Locked Bag Avenue, Sydney, 2751 Australia ,grid.411249.b0000 0001 0514 7202Eating Disorders Program (PROATA), Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Major Maragliano 241, São Paulo, SP 04017-030 Brazil
| | - Felipe Quinto da Luz
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Eating Disorders Program (AMBULIM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, São Paulo, SP 05403-010 Brazil ,grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XBoden Collaboration for Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise and Eating Disorders, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006 Australia
| | - Sérgio dos Anjos Garnes
- grid.411249.b0000 0001 0514 7202Eating Disorders Program (PROATA), Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Major Maragliano 241, São Paulo, SP 04017-030 Brazil
| | - Amanda Sainsbury
- grid.1012.20000 0004 1936 7910School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009 Australia
| | - Stephen Touyz
- grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XInside Out Institute and School of Psychology, Charles Perkins Centre, SLHD and The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006 Australia
| | - José Carlos Appolinario
- grid.8536.80000 0001 2294 473XObesity and Eating Disorders Group – Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Avenida Pedro Calmon 550, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-901 Brazil
| | - Angélica Medeiros Claudino
- grid.411249.b0000 0001 0514 7202Eating Disorders Program (PROATA), Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Major Maragliano 241, São Paulo, SP 04017-030 Brazil
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Dmitrichenko O, Mou Y, Voortman T, White T, Jansen PW. Food-Approach Eating Behaviors and Brain Morphology: The Generation R Study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:846148. [PMID: 35445055 PMCID: PMC9014090 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.846148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Food-approach eating behaviors are associated with an increased risk of developing overweight/obesity and binge-eating disorder, while obesity and binge-eating disorder have also been linked with altered brain morphology in adults. To understand these associations, we examined the association of food-approach eating behaviors during childhood with adolescents' brain morphology. The sample included 1,781 adolescents with assessments of eating behaviors at ages 4 and 10 years and brain imaging data at 13 years from a large, population-based cohort. Food approach eating behaviors (enjoyment of food, emotional overeating, and food responsiveness) were assessed using the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire. Additionally, we assessed binge eating symptoms using two items from the Development and Well-Being Assessment at 13 years of age. Adolescents participated in an MRI procedure and measures of brain morphology, including cerebral white, cerebral gray and subcortical gray matter volumes, were extracted from T1-weighted images processed using FreeSurfer. Enjoyment of food and food responsiveness at the age of 4 and 10 years were positively associated with cerebral white matter and subcortical gray matter volumes at age 13 years (e.g., enjoyment of food at 4 years and cerebral white matter: β = 2.73, 95% CI 0.51, 4.91). Enjoyment of food and food responsiveness at 4 years of age, but not at 10 years, were associated with a larger cerebral gray matter volume at 13 years of age (e.g., enjoyment of food at 4 years: β = 0.24, 95% CI 0.03, 0.45). No statistically significant associations were found for emotional overeating at both ages and brain measurements at 13 years of age. post-hoc analyses showed no associations of food-approach eating behaviors with amygdala or hippocampus. Lastly, we did not observe significant associations of binge-eating symptoms with global brain measurements and a priori-defined regions of interest, including the right frontal operculum, insular and orbitofrontal cortex. Our findings support an association between food-approach eating behaviors, especially enjoyment of food and food responsiveness, and brain morphology in adolescence. Our findings add important knowledge to previous studies that were mostly conducted in adults, by suggesting that the eating behavior-brain link may be visible earlier in life. Further research is needed to determine causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Dmitrichenko
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany.,Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Yuchan Mou
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Trudy Voortman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Tonya White
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Pauline W Jansen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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21
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Hartogsveld B, Quaedflieg CWEM, van Ruitenbeek P, Smeets T. Decreased putamen activation in balancing goal-directed and habitual behavior in binge eating disorder. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2022; 136:105596. [PMID: 34839081 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Acute stress is associated with a shift from goal-directed to habitual behavior. This stress-induced preference for habitual behavior has been suggested as a potential mechanism by which binge eating disorder (BED) patients succumb to eating large amounts of high-caloric foods in an uncontrolled manner (i.e., binge episodes). While in healthy subjects the balance between goal-directed and habitual behavior is subserved by the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), insular cortex, orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), anterior caudate nucleus, and posterior putamen, the brain mechanism that underlies this (possibly amplified) stress-induced behavioral shift in BED patients is currently unknown. In the current study, 76 participants (38 BED, 38 healthy controls (HCs)) learned six stimulus-response-outcome associations in a well-established instrumental learning task. Subsequently, three outcomes were selectively devalued, after which participants underwent either a stress induction procedure (Maastricht Acute Stress Test; MAST) or a no-stress control procedure. Next, the balance between goal-directed and habitual behavior was assessed during functional magnetic resonance imaging. Findings show that the balance between goal-directed and habitual behavior was associated with activity in the ACC, insula, and OFC in no-stress HCs. Although stress and BED did not modulate the balance between goal-directed and habitual behavior, BED participants displayed a smaller difference in putamen activation between trials probing goal-directed and habitual behavior compared with HCs when using a ROI approach. We conclude that putamen activity differences between BED and HC could reflect changes in monitoring of response accuracy or reward value, albeit perhaps not sufficiently to induce a measurable shift from goal-directed to habitual behavior. Future research could clarify potential boundary conditions of stress-induced shifts in instrumental behavior in BED patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Hartogsveld
- Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, The Netherlands.
| | - C W E M Quaedflieg
- Department of Neuropsychology & Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - P van Ruitenbeek
- Department of Neuropsychology & Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - T Smeets
- Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, The Netherlands; CoRPS - Center of Research on Psychological and Somatic disorders, Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, The Netherlands
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22
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Effects of night eating and binge eating disorders on general health in university students in Lebanon. Ir J Med Sci 2022; 191:2635-2640. [PMID: 35001337 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-021-02904-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eating disorders (EDs) have an important impact on both physical and mental wellbeing, especially in a young population. There is a lack in research about EDs in the Middle East, and especially in Lebanon, where the co-occurring obesity is a widespread health problem. AIM Our study aims to assess the relation between night eating syndrome (NES) with binge eating disease (BED) and obesity (BMI) on one hand, and between NES and general health on the other hand, in university students. MATERIALS AND METHODS An observational cross-sectional study was conducted on 460 university students in Lebanon. Data collection was carried out using an online questionnaire. Socio-demographic and general health characteristics, BMI, Arabic validated General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), Arabic validated Binge Eating Scale (BES) and the Night Eating Diagnostic Questionnaire (NEDQ). Statistical analysis was accomplished on SPSS. RESULTS Participants having highest income showed highest NEDQ score. Females and participants with a history of eating disorders were more likely to have BED. A significant correlation was also found between having an ED history and negative impact on general health. BMI was correlated with both NEDQ and BES. Having NES was associated with also having BED. Furthermore, those with NES showed higher scores regarding GHQ-12. CONCLUSION Relatively high prevalence of NES and BED was noted in university students in Lebanon. This was correlated to a household income, general health, and BMI. The repercussion on both physical and mental morbidities highlights the importance for stepping up of the Lebanese organizational system to perform periodic screening.
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23
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Iceta S, Rodrigue C, Legendre M, Daoust J, Flaudias V, Michaud A, Bégin C. Cognitive function in binge eating disorder and food addiction: A systematic review and three-level meta-analysis. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 111:110400. [PMID: 34256024 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An extensive body of recent research has focused on the contribution of cognitive functioning to eating behaviors. In binge eating disorder (BED) and food addiction (FA), the extent of cognitive impairment is still unclear. This study aimed to characterize, among those with BED and FA, neurocognitive functions using performances based on neuropsychological tasks in the context of neutral stimuli in adults. METHOD MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CINAHL and gray literature (ProQuest and OpenGrey) were used to identify studies that reported neurocognitive assessments in BED or FA up to December 2019. A three-level meta-analysis was conducted. RESULTS A significant overall effect was found for global cognitive impairments, suggesting that individuals with BED or FA have poorer performances when completing cognitive tasks. Analyses for specific cognitive domains revealed that individuals with BED showed poorer performances at tasks assessing cognitive flexibility, inhibitory control, attention and planning. Analyses regarding FA were inconclusive due to a lack of studies. Thus, the results were described qualitatively. CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis highlighted the cognitive weaknesses that seem to come with BED and the necessity to integrate them in the assessment and treatment of this condition. It also stressed the lack of quality studies surrounding the cognitive features of FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Iceta
- Research Center of the Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada; School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nutrition, Integrated Center of Obesity, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Lyon Sud, Pierre Benite, France; CarMeN Laboratory, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
| | - Christopher Rodrigue
- School of Psychology, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada; Centre de Recherche FRQ-S Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.
| | - Maxime Legendre
- School of Psychology, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada; Centre de Recherche FRQ-S Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.
| | - Justine Daoust
- Research Center of the Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada; School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
| | - Valentin Flaudias
- Department of Psychiatry, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, University of Clermont Auvergne, EA 7280 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Andreanne Michaud
- Research Center of the Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada; School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Centre de Recherche FRQ-S Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.
| | - Catherine Bégin
- School of Psychology, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada; Centre de Recherche FRQ-S Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.
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24
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Roman-Ortiz C, Guevara JA, Clem RL. GABAergic basal forebrain projections to the periaqueductal gray promote food consumption, reward and predation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22638. [PMID: 34811442 PMCID: PMC8608827 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02157-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Behaviors central to the procurement and consumption of food are among those most fundamental to survival, but their inappropriate expression can lead to overeating and obesity. Nevertheless, we have a poor understanding of circuits that promote feeding independent of physiological demand. Here we demonstrate that activation of basal forebrain (BF) GABAergic neurons results in consumption of food as well as non-food items in well-fed mice, and performance of fictive eating in the absence of ingestible materials. In addition, stimulation of these cells disrupts defensive threat responses and elicits reward-like motivational effects. Finally, BF GABAergic activity triggers skilled predatory attacks of live prey and prey-like objects, but not social targets. These effects were entirely recapitulated by selective stimulation of BF GABAergic projections to the periaqueductal gray (PAG). Our results outline a potent circuit mechanism for increased feeding through recruitment of distinct but synergistic behaviors, and add to growing evidence that PAG is an important integrator of feeding-related activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciorana Roman-Ortiz
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jessica A Guevara
- Department of Biological Sciences, St. Francis College, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Roger L Clem
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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25
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Wu YK, Brownley KA, Bardone-Cone AM, Bulik CM, Baker JH. Associations of Stress and Appetite Hormones with Binge Eating in Females with Anorexia Nervosa after Weight Restoration: A Longitudinal Study. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11101020. [PMID: 34683161 PMCID: PMC8538976 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11101020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Binge eating is a transdiagnostic eating disorder symptom that can occur in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), persisting after weight restoration, and impeding their recovery. However, little is known about the biological predictors of binge eating after AN weight restoration. The goals of this exploratory study of 73 females with AN were: (1) to examine changes in cortisol, the adrenocorticotropic hormone, norepinephrine, ghrelin (total and active), and leptin levels across the admission, discharge, and 3 months post-discharge from the inpatient AN weight restoration; and (2) to determine whether the target hormones were associated with objective or subjective binge eating (OBE or SBE). The participants completed the self-reported Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire, Beck Anxiety Inventory, and Beck Depression Inventory-II, and provided fasting whole blood samples for hormone assays. The results showed significant changes in body mass index (BMI), cortisol, total ghrelin, and leptin levels over the three time points. The cortisol levels at admission and discharge were significantly associated with the number of SBE episodes at 3 months post-discharge. Findings suggest the need to replicate and confirm the role of cortisol in predicting the emergence of SBE and uncover the mechanisms underlying SBE and cortisol to prevent SBE and its negative consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ke Wu
- School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (K.A.B.); (C.M.B.)
| | - Kimberly A. Brownley
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (K.A.B.); (C.M.B.)
| | - Anna M. Bardone-Cone
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
| | - Cynthia M. Bulik
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (K.A.B.); (C.M.B.)
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Solna, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jessica H. Baker
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (K.A.B.); (C.M.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-984-974-3834
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26
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De Pasquale C, Sciacca F, Conti D, Pistorio ML, Hichy Z, Cardullo RL, Di Nuovo S. Relations Between Mood States and Eating Behavior During COVID-19 Pandemic in a Sample of Italian College Students. Front Psychol 2021; 12:684195. [PMID: 34367004 PMCID: PMC8333995 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.684195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The fear of contagion during the COVID-19 pandemic has been indicated as a relevant cause of psychological pathologies occurring in this period. Food represents a compensating experience, distracting from the experiences of uncertainty, fear and despair, causing alterations in eating habits and behaviors. The study aims at evaluating the relations between fear of a pandemic, mood states and eating disorders in Italian college students, taking into account gender differences. During the lockdown for the pandemic, a sample of 469 college students equally distributed by gender, was recruited online using a questionnaire including the FCV-19S for the assessment of fear of COVID-19, the profile of mood states (POMS) for the evaluation of different emotional states, the eating disorder inventory-2 (EDI-2) and the binge eating scale (BES) to evaluate the presence of the levels of eating disorders. As expected, all emotive states measured by POMS (tension, depression, anger, tiredness, confusion) resulted significantly correlated with the fear of COVID-19. Women were more exposed to fear of COVID-19 showing greater tension, fatigue, depression and confusion, and a significantly higher total mood disturbance score than males. Regarding the EDI-2 and BES variables, tension and anxiety resulted significantly correlated also with bulimic behavior, while depression with interoceptive awareness, impulsivity, and binge eating behaviors, without gender differences. In conclusion, the negative impact of the fear of COVID-19 on the emotional profile and eating behavior suggests the need to implement strategies against psychological distress during the pandemic emergency, and to design psycho-educational interventions aimed at modifying the lifestyle for preventing risks of mental disorders fostering health-oriented behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta De Pasquale
- Vascular Surgery and Organ Transplant Unit, Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Federica Sciacca
- Vascular Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, Department of Educational Sciences, University Hospital of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Daniela Conti
- College of Business, Technology and Engineering, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Luisa Pistorio
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Specialties, University Hospital of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Zira Hichy
- Vascular Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, Department of Educational Sciences, University Hospital of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rosa Loredana Cardullo
- Vascular Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, Department of Educational Sciences, University Hospital of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Santo Di Nuovo
- Vascular Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, Department of Educational Sciences, University Hospital of Catania, Catania, Italy
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27
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Moreira Júnior RE, de Carvalho LM, Dos Reis DC, Cassali GD, Faria AMC, Maioli TU, Brunialti-Godard AL. Diet-induced obesity leads to alterations in behavior and gut microbiota composition in mice. J Nutr Biochem 2021; 92:108622. [PMID: 33705942 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The high prevalence of obesity and associated metabolic disorders are one of the major public health problems worldwide. Among the main causal factors of obesity, excessive consumption of food rich in sugar and fat stands out due to its high energy density. The regulation of food intake relies on hypothalamic control by the action of several neuropeptides. Excessive consumption of hypercaloric diets has impact in the behavior and in the gut microbiota. In the present study, we used a high-sugar and fat (HSB) diet for 12 weeks to induce obesity in C57BL/6 mice and to investigate its effects on the gut microbiota, hypothalamic peptides, and behavior. We hypothesize that chronic consumption of HSB diet can change the behavior. Additionally, we also hypothesize that changes in gut microbiota can be associated with changes in the transcriptional regulation of hypothalamic peptides and behavior. To evaluate the gut microbiota, we performed the sequencing of 16S rRNA gene, which demonstrate that HSB diet modulates the gut microbiota with an increase in the Firmicutes and Actinobacteria phylum and a decrease of Bacteroidetes phylum. The real time qPCR revealed that HSB-fed mice presented changes in the transcriptional regulation of hypothalamic neuropeptides genes such as Npy, Gal and Galr1. The Marble-burying and Light/dark box tests also showed an alteration in anxiety and impulsive behaviors for the HSB-fed mice. Our data provides evidence that obesity induced by HSB diet consumption is associated with alterations in gut microbiota and behavior, highlighting the multifactorial characteristics of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Elias Moreira Júnior
- Laboratório de Genética Animal e Humana, Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Luana Martins de Carvalho
- Laboratório de Genética Animal e Humana, Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Diego Carlos Dos Reis
- Laboratório de Patologia Comparada, Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Geovanni Dantas Cassali
- Laboratório de Patologia Comparada, Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Caetano Faria
- Departmento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Tatiani Uceli Maioli
- Departamento de Nutrição, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia Brunialti-Godard
- Laboratório de Genética Animal e Humana, Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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28
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Yao EJ, Babbs RK, Kelliher JC, Luttik KP, Borrelli KN, Damaj MI, Mulligan MK, Bryant CD. Systems genetic analysis of binge-like eating in a C57BL/6J x DBA/2J-F2 cross. GENES, BRAIN, AND BEHAVIOR 2021; 20:e12751. [PMID: 33978997 PMCID: PMC9361732 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Binge eating is a heritable trait associated with eating disorders and refers to the rapid consumption of a large quantity of energy-dense food that is, associated with loss of control and negative affect. Binge eating disorder is the most common eating disorder in the United States; however, the genetic basis is unknown. We previously identified robust mouse inbred strain differences between C57BL/6J and DBA/2J in binge-like eating of sweetened palatable food in an intermittent access, conditioned place preference paradigm. To map the genetic basis of changes in body weight and binge-like eating (BLE) and to identify candidate genes, we conducted quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis in 128 C57BL/6J x DBA/2J-F2 mice combined with PheQTL and trait covariance analysis in GeneNetwork2 using legacy BXD-RI trait datasets. We identified a QTL on Chromosome 18 influencing changes in body weight across days in females (log of the odds [LOD] = 6.3; 1.5-LOD: 3-12 cM) that contains the candidate gene Zeb1. We also identified a sex-combined QTL influencing initial palatable food intake on Chromosome 5 (LOD = 5.8; 1.5-LOD: 21-28 cM) that contains the candidate gene Lcorl and a second QTL influencing escalated palatable food intake on Chromosome 6 in males (LOD = 5.4; 1.5-LOD: 50-59 cM) that contains the candidate genes Adipor2 and Plxnd1. Finally, we identified a suggestive QTL in females for slope of BLE on distal Chromosome 18 (LOD = 4.1; p = 0.055; 1.5-LOD: 23-35 cM). Future studies will use BXD-RI strains to fine map loci and support candidate gene nomination for gene editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily J. Yao
- Laboratory of Addiction Genetics, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118 USA
| | - Richard K. Babbs
- Laboratory of Addiction Genetics, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118 USA
| | - Julia C. Kelliher
- Laboratory of Addiction Genetics, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118 USA
| | - Kimberly P. Luttik
- Laboratory of Addiction Genetics, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118 USA
| | - Kristyn N. Borrelli
- Laboratory of Addiction Genetics, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118 USA
- Graduate Program for Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215 USA
- Tranformative Training Program in Addiction Science (TTPAS), Boston University, Boston, MA 02118 USA
- Biomolecluar Pharmacology Training Program, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118 USA
| | - M. Imad Damaj
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298 USA
| | - Megan K. Mulligan
- Department of Genetics, Genomics, and Informatics, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163 USA
| | - Camron D. Bryant
- Laboratory of Addiction Genetics, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118 USA
- Graduate Program for Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215 USA
- Tranformative Training Program in Addiction Science (TTPAS), Boston University, Boston, MA 02118 USA
- Biomolecluar Pharmacology Training Program, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118 USA
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29
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An open-label trial on the efficacy and tolerability of naltrexone/bupropion SR for treating altered eating behaviours and weight loss in binge eating disorder. Eat Weight Disord 2021; 26:779-788. [PMID: 32356145 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-020-00910-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Binge eating disorder (BED) has a considerable clinical relevance by virtue of its high numerous psychiatric and medical comorbidities; among the latter, the most frequent is obesity. Available treatments for BED have shown frequent relapse of binges or weight regain in the long term. The new combination of naltrexone and bupropion sustained release (NB) has proved to be effective for weight loss among obese patients. As NB acts on hypothalamic and reward circuits, that seem involved in the pathogenesis and maintenance of BED symptoms, this study aims to evaluate the efficacy of NB in improving pathological eating behavior and losing weight in BED patients. METHODS In this preliminary study, 23 obese-BED patients and a control group of 20 obese non-BED patients (respectively, Groups 1 and 2) who had previously undergone at least 5 unsuccessful weight-loss programs were treated with NB in addition to modified life style. Evaluation at t0 and after 16 weeks of treatment (t1) included anthropometric measurement, eating behavior assessment and psychopathological questionnaires (EDE-Q, BES, YFAS, BDI and STAI). RESULTS A significant and similar weight loss (ΔBMI% ≈ 8%) was evident for both groups. Pathological eating behavior (i.e., binge, grazing, emotional eating, craving for carbohydrates, and post-dinner eating), BES score and YFAS severity significantly improved, especially among BED. NB was well tolerated and drop-out rate was low. CONCLUSION Treatment with NB, in addition to a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity, seems an effective and well-tolerated option for improving pathological eating behavior and losing weight in obese-BED patients. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III case-control study.
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30
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Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: Revised 2020 Standards of Practice and Standards of Professional Performance for Registered Dietitian Nutritionists (Competent, Proficient, and Expert) in Eating Disorders. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021; 120:1902-1919.e54. [PMID: 33099403 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Eating disorders (ED) are complex mental illnesses and are not a result of personal choice. Full recovery from an ED is possible. The severity and inherent lethality of an ED is undisputed, and the role of the registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN) is essential. Clinical symptomology presents at varying developmental milestones and is perpetuated through a sociocultural evaluation of beauty and drive for ascetic idealism. ED are globally prevalent in 4.4% of the population aged 5 to 17 years, yet affect individuals across the entire lifespan, including all cultures and genders. The Behavioral Health Nutrition Dietetic Practice Group, along with the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Quality Management Committee, revised the Standards of Practice (SOP) and Standards of Professional Performance (SOPP) for RDNs in Eating Disorders. Including the RDN in ED treatment is vital for all levels of care. The RDN must be perceptive to negative symptoms indicative of psychological triggers when exploring food belief systems, patterns of disinhibition, and nutrition misinformation with clients. Through a conscious awareness of medical, psychological, and behavioral strategies, the implementation of the SOP and SOPP supports a dynamic and holistic view of ED treatment by the RDN. The SOP and SOPP are complementary resources for RDNs and are intended to be used as self-evaluation tools for assuring competent practice in ED and for determining potential education, training, supervision, and mentorship needs for advancement to a higher practice level in a variety of settings.
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Nutritional modulation of leptin expression and leptin action in obesity and obesity-associated complications. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 89:108561. [PMID: 33249183 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In obesity, an elevated accumulation and dysregulation of adipose tissue, due to an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure, usually coexists with the loss of responsiveness to leptin in central nervous system, and subsequently with hyperleptinemia. Leptin, a peptide hormone mainly produced by white adipose tissue, regulates energy homeostasis by stimulating energy expenditure and inhibiting food intake. Human obesity is characterized by increased plasma leptin levels, which have been related with different obesity-associated complications, such as chronic inflammatory state (risk factor for diabetes, cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases), as well as infertility and different types of cancer. Besides, leptin is also produced by placenta, and high leptin levels during pregnancy may be related with some pathological conditions such as gestational diabetes. This review focuses on the current insights and emerging concepts on potentially valuable nutrients and food components that may modulate leptin metabolism. Notably, several dietary food components, such as phenols, peptides, and vitamins, are able to decrease inflammation and improve leptin sensitivity by up- or down-regulation of leptin signaling molecules. On the other hand, some food components, such as saturated fatty acids may worsen chronic inflammation increasing the risk for pathological complications. Future research into nutritional mechanisms that restore leptin metabolism and signals of energy homeostasis may inspire new treatment options for obesity-related disorders.
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Micioni Di Bonaventura E, Botticelli L, Tomassoni D, Tayebati SK, Micioni Di Bonaventura MV, Cifani C. The Melanocortin System behind the Dysfunctional Eating Behaviors. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3502. [PMID: 33202557 PMCID: PMC7696960 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The dysfunction of melanocortin signaling has been associated with obesity, given the important role in the regulation of energy homeostasis, food intake, satiety and body weight. In the hypothalamus, the melanocortin-3 receptor (MC3R) and melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) contribute to the stability of these processes, but MC3R and MC4R are also localized in the mesolimbic dopamine system, the region that responds to the reinforcing properties of highly palatable food (HPF) and where these two receptors seem to affect food reward and motivation. Loss of function of the MC4R, resulting from genetic mutations, leads to overeating in humans, but to date, a clear understanding of the underlying mechanisms and behaviors that promote overconsumption of caloric foods remains unknown. Moreover, the MC4R demonstrated to be a crucial modulator of the stress response, factor that is known to be strictly related to binge eating behavior. In this review, we will explore the preclinical and clinical studies, and the controversies regarding the involvement of melanocortin system in altered eating patterns, especially binge eating behavior, food reward and motivation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luca Botticelli
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (E.M.D.B.); (L.B.); (S.K.T.); (C.C.)
| | - Daniele Tomassoni
- School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy;
| | - Seyed Khosrow Tayebati
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (E.M.D.B.); (L.B.); (S.K.T.); (C.C.)
| | | | - Carlo Cifani
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (E.M.D.B.); (L.B.); (S.K.T.); (C.C.)
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Lamontagne SJ, Wilkin MM, Menard JL, Olmstead MC. Mid-adolescent stress differentially affects binge-like intake of sucrose across estrous cycles in female rats ✰. Physiol Behav 2020; 228:113194. [PMID: 33011230 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Binge eating disorder (BED), characterized by excessive food consumption within a discrete period of time, is the most prevalent of all eating disorders, with higher rates in women than men. Chronic stress, particularly during adolescence, is a significant risk factor for BED in women, but the mechanism underlying this relationship remains elusive. We investigated the phenomenon by testing the impact of mid-adolescent intermittent physical stress (IPS) on binge-like intake of sucrose in adult female rats, assessing how the behavior changed across reproductive cycles. One hundred and nineteen Long-Evans rats were exposed to IPS (n = 59) or no stress (NS; n = 60) for 12 days during mid-adolescence (PD35-46). Binge-like eating was induced in adult animals using an intermittent access protocol: animals were provided with 12 h or 24 h access to sucrose, 12 h access to saccharin, or 12 h access to food over 28 days. After 1- or 28-day abstinence, compulsive responding for sucrose was measured using a conditioned suppression paradigm. Rats given 12 h access to sucrose developed binge-like intake, measured as increased consumption during the first hour; the effect was magnified in IPS animals and most pronounced during proestrous. Solution intake in IPS rats was predicted by open arm entries in the elevated plus maze, suggesting that increased risk-taking behavior is associated with greater binge-like eating. IPS blocked conditioned suppression after 28 days of abstinence, pointing to a role of mid-adolescent stress in compulsivity. Collectively, these findings emphasize the impact of stress on the emergence of binge eating in females and suggest that intervention programs for women with a history of adolescent adversity should be investigated as a means to reduce risk for BED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Lamontagne
- Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7L 3N6
| | - Meaghan M Wilkin
- Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7L 3N6
| | - Janet L Menard
- Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7L 3N6; Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7L 3N6
| | - Mary C Olmstead
- Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7L 3N6; Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7L 3N6.
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Weight Stigmatization and Binge Eating in Asian Americans with Overweight and Obesity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17124319. [PMID: 32560329 PMCID: PMC7345128 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Weight stigma and binge eating have been found to be associated in Western populations; however, this relationship is understudied among Asian Americans. The aims of the study were to (1) investigate the prevalence of binge eating and its relationship with experienced weight stigma in higher-weight Asian Americans, and (2) examine whether the level of acculturation moderates this relationship. Data were collected from a cross-sectional study with 166 higher-weight Asian American adults living in North Carolina, United States. Demographic data, the frequency of experiencing weight stigma, the severity of binge eating, the levels of acculturation, the perceived racism against Asians, and perceived stress were assessed via self-reported questionnaires. The results indicated that experienced weight stigma was a significant independent predictor over and above the effects of other stressors, such as racism and general stress. The level of acculturation did not influence the relationship between the experienced weight stigma and binge eating after adjusting for relevant covariates. Our findings contribute to the limited literature examining weight stigma and binge eating among Asian American populations, highlighting that higher levels of experienced weight stigma are associated with a greater degree of binge eating.
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Lee HS, Giunti E, Sabino V, Cottone P. Consummatory, Feeding Microstructural, and Metabolic Effects Induced by Limiting Access to Either a High-Sucrose or a High-Fat Diet. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061610. [PMID: 32486207 PMCID: PMC7352440 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Binge eating disorder (BED) is characterized by recurrent binge eating episodes consisting of rapid consumption of excessive amounts of highly palatable, energy-dense food within discrete periods of time. The aim of this study was to test the consummatory, food microstructural, and metabolic effects of a one hour limited access to either a high-sucrose diet (HSD) or a high-fat diet (HFD) in an operant rat model of binge-like eating. Methods: Female rats were subject to a binge-like eating procedure in which a HSD, a HFD, or a standard chow diet were provided in a fixed ratio 1 (FR1) operant schedule of reinforcement. Results: Limiting access to either a HSD or a HFD promoted binge-like eating as compared to the control chow diet. However, binge-like eating of HSD, but not HFD, was based on a true increase in the amount of food consumed, an increased eating rate, and a decrease in the intake of the home-cage standard chow, altogether suggesting an increase in palatability. Moreover, while HSD rats consumed overall less energy than HFD rats, the former were more energy efficient and gained more body weight than the latter. Conclusions: These results provide information on how the quality of food can deeply influence the behavioral and metabolic outcomes of binge-like eating.
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Dalle Grave R, Misconel A, Fasoli D, Calugi S. Overvaluation of Shape and Weight and Associated Features in Patients Without Eating Disorders Seeking Treatment for Obesity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2020; 28:733-739. [PMID: 32108444 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the presence of the overvaluation of shape and weight and its associated features in patients with obesity but no eating disorder who were seeking treatment from a specialist unit. METHODS Overall, 1,134 patients with obesity but no Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders eating disorder diagnosis were included. The Eating Disorder Examination interview was administered by expert clinicians to assess the eating disorder psychopathology and overvaluation of shape and weight. Patients also completed the Symptom Check List-90-Revised and the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey to assess general psychopathology and quality of life, respectively. RESULTS Roughly 20% of the patients with obesity presented with clinical overvaluation of shape and weight, which was associated with the female gender, higher expected weight loss, more severe eating-related psychopathology, higher general psychopathology, and lower mental quality of life. Linear and logistic regression analyses indicated that the clinical variables independently correlated with overvaluation of shape and weight in these patients were female gender, Eating Disorder Examination Eating Concern subscale score, and 36-Item Short Form Health Survey mental component summary score. CONCLUSIONS These findings are sufficient to justify routine assessment of overvaluation of shape and weight in patients seeking treatment for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Dalle Grave
- Department of Eating and Weight Disorders, Villa Garda Hospital, Garda, Verona, Italy
| | - Arianna Misconel
- Department of Eating and Weight Disorders, Villa Garda Hospital, Garda, Verona, Italy
| | - Deborah Fasoli
- Department of Eating and Weight Disorders, Villa Garda Hospital, Garda, Verona, Italy
| | - Simona Calugi
- Department of Eating and Weight Disorders, Villa Garda Hospital, Garda, Verona, Italy
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Canivet CM, Perney P, Cherick F, Orlowski M, Patouraux S, Bailly-Maitre B, Tran A, Iannelli A, Gual P, Anty R. No association between binge eating disorder and severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in severely obese patients. JGH OPEN 2020; 4:525-531. [PMID: 32514465 PMCID: PMC7273712 DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.12309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background and Aim The main aim of this study was to evaluate if the binge eating disorders (BEDs) related to obesity were associated with the severity of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods Severely obese patients who had been referred for bariatric surgery were included in this study at the Nice University Hospital. All patients underwent a liver biopsy at the time of surgery. Between 2008 and 2015, 388 patients had an assessable Bulimia Test (BULIT) self‐questionnaire at the time of surgery. A subgroup (n = 183), between 2011 and 2015, also responded to a Beck Depression Inventory, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and a Fatigue Impact Scale autoquestionnaire. A control group of 29 healthy people matched by age and gender was included. Results Among the 388 obese patients (median age 40 years, body mass index 41.7 kg/m2, 81% women), 14 patients had a “probable diagnosis” of BED, and 47 patients had a “high risk” of developing a BED according to the BULIT. Obese patients had significantly more severe BED, depression, anxiety, and fatigue compared to controls. Steatosis, non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis, or fibrosis was not associated with BED. Similarly, the severity of NAFLD was not associated with depression, anxiety, or fatigue. Conclusions Severely obese patients had more severe BED, depression, anxiety, and fatigue than lean subjects independent of the severity of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pascal Perney
- Addiction Medicine Hospital Grau-du-Roi Nîmes France.,Paris-Saclay University, Paris-Sud University, UVSQ, CESP, U1018 Villejuif France
| | | | | | | | | | - Albert Tran
- Cote d'Azur University, Nice Hospital, INSERM, U1065, C3M Nice France
| | - Antonio Iannelli
- Cote d'Azur University, Nice Hospital, INSERM, U1065, C3M Nice France
| | | | - Rodolphe Anty
- Cote d'Azur University, Nice Hospital, INSERM, U1065, C3M Nice France
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Brutman J, Davis JF, Sirohi S. Behavioral and Neurobiological Consequences of Hedonic Feeding on Alcohol Drinking. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:2309-2315. [PMID: 32026772 PMCID: PMC7321868 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200206092231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A complex interplay of peripheral and central signaling mechanisms within the body of an organism maintains energy homeostasis. In addition, energy/food intake is modified by various external factors (e.g., palatability, food availability, social and environmental triggers). Highly palatable foods can provoke maladaptive feeding behavior, which in turn disrupts normal homeostatic regulation resulting in numerous health consequences. Furthermore, neuroendocrine peptides, traditionally considered to regulate appetite and energy homeostasis, also control the intake and reinforcing properties of alcohol and drugs of abuse. Therefore, dysregulated eating as a result of a hedonic/binge-like intake of hyper-palatable food may impact alcohol drinking behavior. Relevant in this case is the fact that eating disorders are highly comorbid with several neuropsychiatric conditions, including alcohol use disorder. The present review is intended to summarize the neurobiological and functional consequences of hedonic feeding on alcohol intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julianna Brutman
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University, Pullman, WA
| | - Jon F. Davis
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University, Pullman, WA
| | - Sunil Sirohi
- Laboratory of Endocrine and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Division of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA
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Xiang Y, Tang Y, Li J, Li D. How Is the Sexual Function of Premenopausal Chinese Women Without Hyperlipidemia? Sex Med 2019; 8:65-75. [PMID: 31837966 PMCID: PMC7042168 DOI: 10.1016/j.esxm.2019.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Most premenopausal women in China have normal lipid profiles while the sexual function among them was scarcely demonstrated. Aim To find out the characteristics of the sexual function in premenopausal Chinese women without hyperlipidemia using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and the Golombok Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction (GRISS). Methods This cross-sectional study was performed to find out the characteristics of sexual function in premenopausal Chinese women without hyperlipidemia. Between January 2019 and March 2019, we recruited 216 women, 25–49 years of age. Data from questionnaires and health checkups were collected and analyzed. Main Outcome Measure We report the prevalence of and factors related to female sexual dysfunction (FSD) in premenopausal Chinese women without hyperlipidemia in accordance with the FSFI and the GRISS. Results The prevalence of FSD in our study was 46.2%. The mean age was 38.07 ± 6.94 years. More highly educated women suffered from FSD than those in the control group (61.1% vs 35.2%, P < .05). Binge eating was significantly different between the groups (P = .023). Multiple logistic regression analyses demonstrated that total cholesterol level was positively associated with low desire (OR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.10–4.13; P = .025) and so was the low-density lipoprotein level (OR, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.03–4.62; P = .0.041). The high-density lipoprotein level was inversely associated with infrequency (OR, 0.18; 95% CI, 0.06–0.59; P = .004). More women with FSD had orgasm disorder than those in the control group, for 83.3% vs 35.2% in the FSFI (P < .001), 88.9% vs 54.3% in the GRISS (P < .001), respectively. Dissatisfaction remained the most common issue for the control group in both the FSFI and the GRISS (90.50% and 58.10%, respectively). Conclusions FSD is frequent in premenopausal Chinese women without hyperlipidemia. Dissatisfaction as the common problem influenced over half of them and orgasm disorder is a severe sexual issue for women with FSD. Xiang Y, Tang Y, Li J, et al. How Is the Sexual Function of Premenopausal Chinese Women Without Hyperlipidemia. J Sex Med 2019;8:65–75.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Xiang
- Health Management Center, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, P.R. China
| | - Yuxin Tang
- Department of Urology, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, P.R. China
| | - Jiaqun Li
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.
| | - Dongjie Li
- Department of Geriatric Urology, Xiangya International Medical Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, P.R. China.
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Anversa RG, Campbell EJ, Ch'ng SS, Gogos A, Lawrence AJ, Brown RM. A model of emotional stress‐induced binge eating in female mice with no history of food restriction. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2019; 19:e12613. [DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta G. Anversa
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Mental Health Division Parkville Melbourne Australia
- The Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental HealthUniversity of Melbourne Parkville Melbourne Australia
| | - Erin J. Campbell
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Mental Health Division Parkville Melbourne Australia
| | - Sarah S. Ch'ng
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Mental Health Division Parkville Melbourne Australia
| | - Andrea Gogos
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Mental Health Division Parkville Melbourne Australia
- The Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental HealthUniversity of Melbourne Parkville Melbourne Australia
| | - Andrew J. Lawrence
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Mental Health Division Parkville Melbourne Australia
- The Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental HealthUniversity of Melbourne Parkville Melbourne Australia
| | - Robyn M. Brown
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Mental Health Division Parkville Melbourne Australia
- The Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental HealthUniversity of Melbourne Parkville Melbourne Australia
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