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Zhang X, Qiu W, Huang J, Pang X, Su Y, Ye J, Zhou S, Tang Z, Wang R, Su R. Insulin combined with N-acetylcysteine attenuates type 1 diabetes-induced splenic inflammatory injury in canines by inhibiting the MAPKs-NF-κB signaling pathway and pyroptosis. J Diabetes Complications 2024; 38:108805. [PMID: 39089052 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2024.108805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that can cause damage to multiple organs including the spleen. Sole insulin therapy is not satisfactory. This study aims to investigate the effects and mechanisms of combined treatment with insulin and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on spleen damage in T1DM canines, in order to identify drugs that may better assist patients in the management of diabetes and its complications. METHODS The canine model of T1DM was established by intravenous injection of alloxan (ALX) and streptozotocin (STZ). The therapeutic effects of insulin and NAC were evaluated by clinical manifestations, spleen protein and mRNA expression. RESULTS The results indicate that the combined treatment of insulin and NAC can alleviate hyperglycemia and hematologic abnormalities, improve splenic histopathological changes, prevent fibrous tissue proliferation, and glycogen deposition. In addition, we observed that this combination treatment significantly suppressed the protein expression of p-P65/P65 (17.6 %, P < 0.05), NLRP3 (46.8 %, P < 0.05), and p-P38/P38 (37.1 %, P < 0.05) induced by T1DM when compared to insulin treatment alone. Moreover, it also significantly decreased the mRNA expression of TLR4 (45.0 %, P < 0.01), TNF-α (30.3 %, P < 0.05), and NLRP3 (43.3 %, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This combination has the potential to mitigate splenic inflammatory injury in T1DM canines by suppressing the activation of MAPKs-NF-κB pathway and pyroptosis. These findings provide a reference for the treatment strategies of diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinting Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan road, Tianhe district, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyue Qiu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan road, Tianhe district, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjia Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan road, Tianhe district, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyue Pang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan road, Tianhe district, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiman Su
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan road, Tianhe district, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiali Ye
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan road, Tianhe district, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuilian Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan road, Tianhe district, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoxin Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan road, Tianhe district, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongmei Wang
- Henry Fok College of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan University, No. 288, Daxue Road, Zhenjiang District, Shaoguan, 512005, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongsheng Su
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan road, Tianhe district, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.
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Luo P, Xu W, Ye D, Chen W, Ying J, Liu B, Li J, Sun X, He Z, Wen C, Mao Y. Metabolic Syndrome Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Prospective Cohort Study Including 369,065 Participants. J Rheumatol 2024; 51:360-367. [PMID: 38224984 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.2023-0349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the associations between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its individual components and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS A total of 369,065 individuals were included in the present study based on the UK Biobank. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were applied to estimate the associations between MetS and its individual components and the risk of RA. Mediation analysis was performed to further assess the potential mediating role of C-reactive protein (CRP) in the relationship between MetS and RA. RESULTS During a median follow-up period of 12.04 years, a total of 4901 incident RA cases were documented. MetS (hazard ratio [HR] 1.22, 95% CI 1.14-1.30) and 4 of its 5 components (elevated waist circumference [WC; HR 1.21, 95% CI 1.12-1.32], elevated triglyceride [TG] level [HR 1.12, 95% CI 1.05-1.19], reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C] level [HR 1.31, 95% CI 1.23-1.39], and hyperglycemia [HR 1.15, 95% CI 1.05-1.25]) were associated with an increased risk of RA. In addition, the risk of RA increased as the number of diagnosed MetS components increased, with the highest risk in participants with all 5 components. Mediation analysis showed that CRP might mediate the association between MetS and RA, accounting for 9.27% of the total effect. CONCLUSION These findings indicated positive associations between MetS and 4 of its components (WC, TG, HDL-C, and hyperglycemia) and the risk of RA, highlighting the importance of MetS management in the prevention of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyang Luo
- P. Luo, W.L. Xu, MPH, D. Ye, PhD, W. Chen, J. Ying, B. Liu, MPH, J. Li, PhD, X. Sun, PhD, Z. He, PhD, C. Wen, PhD, MD, Y. Mao, PhD, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - WanLi Xu
- P. Luo, W.L. Xu, MPH, D. Ye, PhD, W. Chen, J. Ying, B. Liu, MPH, J. Li, PhD, X. Sun, PhD, Z. He, PhD, C. Wen, PhD, MD, Y. Mao, PhD, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ding Ye
- P. Luo, W.L. Xu, MPH, D. Ye, PhD, W. Chen, J. Ying, B. Liu, MPH, J. Li, PhD, X. Sun, PhD, Z. He, PhD, C. Wen, PhD, MD, Y. Mao, PhD, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- P. Luo, W.L. Xu, MPH, D. Ye, PhD, W. Chen, J. Ying, B. Liu, MPH, J. Li, PhD, X. Sun, PhD, Z. He, PhD, C. Wen, PhD, MD, Y. Mao, PhD, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiacheng Ying
- P. Luo, W.L. Xu, MPH, D. Ye, PhD, W. Chen, J. Ying, B. Liu, MPH, J. Li, PhD, X. Sun, PhD, Z. He, PhD, C. Wen, PhD, MD, Y. Mao, PhD, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Liu
- P. Luo, W.L. Xu, MPH, D. Ye, PhD, W. Chen, J. Ying, B. Liu, MPH, J. Li, PhD, X. Sun, PhD, Z. He, PhD, C. Wen, PhD, MD, Y. Mao, PhD, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiayu Li
- P. Luo, W.L. Xu, MPH, D. Ye, PhD, W. Chen, J. Ying, B. Liu, MPH, J. Li, PhD, X. Sun, PhD, Z. He, PhD, C. Wen, PhD, MD, Y. Mao, PhD, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Sun
- P. Luo, W.L. Xu, MPH, D. Ye, PhD, W. Chen, J. Ying, B. Liu, MPH, J. Li, PhD, X. Sun, PhD, Z. He, PhD, C. Wen, PhD, MD, Y. Mao, PhD, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhixing He
- P. Luo, W.L. Xu, MPH, D. Ye, PhD, W. Chen, J. Ying, B. Liu, MPH, J. Li, PhD, X. Sun, PhD, Z. He, PhD, C. Wen, PhD, MD, Y. Mao, PhD, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengping Wen
- P. Luo, W.L. Xu, MPH, D. Ye, PhD, W. Chen, J. Ying, B. Liu, MPH, J. Li, PhD, X. Sun, PhD, Z. He, PhD, C. Wen, PhD, MD, Y. Mao, PhD, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yingying Mao
- P. Luo, W.L. Xu, MPH, D. Ye, PhD, W. Chen, J. Ying, B. Liu, MPH, J. Li, PhD, X. Sun, PhD, Z. He, PhD, C. Wen, PhD, MD, Y. Mao, PhD, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
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Song Y, Ma Y, Zhang K, Zhang W, Xiong G, Qi T, Shi J, Qiu H, Zhang J, Han F, Kan C, Sun X. Secreted frizzled-related protein 5: A promising therapeutic target for metabolic diseases via regulation of Wnt signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 677:70-76. [PMID: 37549604 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic diseases pose a significant global health challenge, characterized by an imbalance in metabolism and resulting in various complications. Secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (SFRP5), an adipokine known for its anti-inflammatory properties, has gained attention as a promising therapeutic target for metabolic diseases. SFRP5 acts as a key regulator in the Wnt signaling pathway, exerting its influence on critical cellular functions including proliferation, differentiation, and migration. Its significance extends to the realm of adipose tissue biology, where it plays a central role in regulating inflammation, insulin resistance, adipogenesis, lipid metabolism, glucose homeostasis, and energy balance. By inhibiting Wnt signaling, SFRP5 facilitates adipocyte growth, promotes lipid accumulation, and contributes to a decrease in oxidative metabolism. Lifestyle interventions and pharmacological treatments have shown promise in increasing SFRP5 levels and protecting against metabolic abnormalities. SFRP5 is a pivotal player in metabolic diseases and presents itself as a promising therapeutic target. An overview of SFRP5 and its involvement in metabolic disorders and metabolism is provided in this comprehensive review. By elucidating these aspects, valuable insights can be gained to foster the development of effective strategies in combating metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Song
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Yujie Ma
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Kexin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Wenqiang Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Guoji Xiong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Tongbing Qi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Junfeng Shi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Hongyan Qiu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Fang Han
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Chengxia Kan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China.
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China.
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Ghamar Talepoor A, Doroudchi M. Immunosenescence in atherosclerosis: A role for chronic viral infections. Front Immunol 2022; 13:945016. [PMID: 36059478 PMCID: PMC9428721 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.945016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune system is a versatile and dynamic body organ which offers survival and endurance of human beings in their hostile living environment. However, similar to other cells, immune cells are hijacked by senescence. The ageing immune cells lose their beneficial functions but continue to produce inflammatory mediators which draw other immune and non-immune cells to the senescence loop. Immunosenescence has been shown to be associated with different pathological conditions and diseases, among which atherosclerosis has recently come to light. There are common drivers of both immunosenescence and atherosclerosis; e.g. inflammation, reactive oxygen species (ROS), chronic viral infections, genomic damage, oxidized-LDL, hypertension, cigarette smoke, hyperglycaemia, and mitochondrial failure. Chronic viral infections induce inflammaging, sustained cytokine signaling, ROS generation and DNA damage which are associated with atherogenesis. Accumulating evidence shows that several DNA and RNA viruses are stimulators of immunosenescence and atherosclerosis in an interrelated network. DNA viruses such as CMV, EBV and HBV upregulate p16, p21 and p53 senescence-associated molecules; induce inflammaging, metabolic reprogramming of infected cells, replicative senescence and telomere shortening. RNA viruses such as HCV and HIV induce ROS generation, DNA damage, induction of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), metabolic reprogramming of infected cells, G1 cell cycle arrest, telomere shortening, as well as epigenetic modifications of DNA and histones. The newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 virus is also a potent inducer of cytokine storm and SASP. The spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 promotes senescence phenotype in endothelial cells by augmenting p16, p21, senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) and adhesion molecules expression. The impact of SARS-CoV-2 mega-inflammation on atherogenesis, however, remains to be investigated. In this review we focus on the common processes in immunosenescence and atherogenesis caused by chronic viral infections and discuss the current knowledge on this topic.
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Yin H, Chen W, He X, Zeng J. Changes of bile acids and resting energy expenditure after laparoscopic cholecystectomy in type 2 diabetes patients: a prospective study. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2022; 14:108. [PMID: 35907885 PMCID: PMC9339171 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-022-00880-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to investigate changes of bile acids and resting energy expenditure (REE) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and the role in metabolic homeostasis. METHODS From December 2019 to December 2021, a total of 77 T2DM patients with gallbladder polyps were included in our study. Among them, 40 patients who underwent LC were enrolled into the cholecystectomy group, and 37 patients who did not undergo LC were enrolled into the control group. Preoperative and 6-months postoperative demographic data, body weight, food intake, effects on diabetes control, and biomedical variables were recorded and compared. RESULTS The mean level of total bile acids (TBA) was higher than that in the control group (P = 0.033) and increased significantly after LC compared to baseline (P = 0.029). The REE level in the cholecystectomy group was higher than that in the control group (P = 0.032) and increased compared to the baseline (P = 0.011). The utilization of carbohydrates increased significantly after LC (P < 0.001) while the utilization of fat decreased (P < 0.001). The mean level of fasting plasma glucose (P = 0.004), hemoglobin A1C (P < 0.001), and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (P = 0.045) decreased after LC. The mean level of total cholesterol (P = 0.003) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol significantly decreased (P = 0.021), whereas the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The level of REE and TBA increased after LC in patients with T2DM, and the glucose and lipid metabolism improved. Trial registration This study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry on November 30, 2018, registered number: ChiCTR1900027823.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixin Yin
- Hepato-pancreato-biliary Center, School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 102218, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijie Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences& Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Shuaifuyuan 1#, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong He
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences& Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Shuaifuyuan 1#, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Zeng
- Hepato-pancreato-biliary Center, School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 102218, People's Republic of China.
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The Mediating Effect of Inflammation between the Dietary and Health-Related Behaviors and Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescence. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14112339. [PMID: 35684139 PMCID: PMC9182841 DOI: 10.3390/nu14112339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic diseases develop via complex pathways, depending on the degree of exposure to risk factors from early in life and childhood onward. Metabolic syndrome has multiple risk factors, including genetic factors, inappropriate diet, and insufficient physical activity. This study classified health-related behavior classes in childhood and adolescents and analyzed the direct and indirect effects of each class on the metabolic risk in inflammation-mediated pathways. We identified the health-related lifestyle classes based on health-related behavior indicators in subjects aged 3–15 years who participated in the Ewha Birth and Growth Cohort Study by using a latent class analysis. A mediation analysis was performed to access the direct and indirect effects of each class on the continuous metabolic syndrome score (cMetS), with the inflammatory index used as a mediating factor. Subjects were classified into inactive and positive lifestyle classes according to their characteristics. In the inactive lifestyle class, interleukin (IL)-6 and cMetS had a significant association. The study confirmed that IL-6 exerts a significant indirect effect between inactive lifestyle and cMetS. This result supports previous studies. Since the health behaviors of children and adolescents can affect the likelihood of subsequent metabolic syndrome, appropriate health behavior interventions for this period are needed.
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7
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Razeghian-Jahromi I, Karimi Akhormeh A, Razmkhah M, Zibaeenezhad MJ. Immune system and atherosclerosis: Hostile or friendly relationship. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2022; 36:3946320221092188. [PMID: 35410514 PMCID: PMC9009140 DOI: 10.1177/03946320221092188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease has remained a major health challenge despite enormous
progress in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment strategies. Formation of
atherosclerotic plaque is a chronic process that is developmentally influenced
by intrinsic and extrinsic determinants. Inflammation triggers atherosclerosis,
and the fundamental element of inflammation is the immune system. The immune
system involves in the atherosclerosis process by a variety of immune cells and
a cocktail of mediators. It is believed that almost all main components of this
system possess a profound contribution to the atherosclerosis. However, they
play contradictory roles, either protective or progressive, in different stages
of atherosclerosis progression. It is evident that monocytes are the first
immune cells appeared in the atherosclerotic lesion. With the plaque growth,
other types of the immune cells such as mast cells, and T lymphocytes are
gradually involved. Each cell releases several cytokines which cause the
recruitment of other immune cells to the lesion site. This is followed by
affecting the expression of other cytokines as well as altering certain
signaling pathways. All in all, a mix of intertwined interactions determine the
final outcome in terms of mild or severe manifestations, either clinical or
subclinical. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to precisely understand the
kind and degree of contribution which is made by each immune component in order
to stop the growing burden of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In this
review, we present a comprehensive appraisal on the role of immune cells in the
atherosclerosis initiation and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Razeghian-Jahromi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, 571605Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Karimi Akhormeh
- Cardiovascular Research Center, 571605Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Razmkhah
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, 48435Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Biomarkers in metabolic syndrome. Adv Clin Chem 2022; 111:101-156. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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9
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Abdel-Razik A, Mousa N, Shabana W, Yassen AH, Abdelsalam M, Wahba MM, Helmy EM, Tawfik AM, Zalata K, Hasan AS, Elhelaly R, Elzehery R, Fathy AA, El-Wakeel N, Eldars W. De novo Portal Vein Thrombosis in Non-Cirrhotic Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A 9-Year Prospective Cohort Study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:650818. [PMID: 33996858 PMCID: PMC8117420 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.650818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: Approximately 30-40% of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) remains of unknown origin. The association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and PVT is a matter of debate. This study aimed to investigate the association between PVT and NAFLD. Methods: We included 94 out of 105 consecutive NAFLD patients in this prospective cohort study in addition to 94 from the healthy control group. We evaluated biochemical, clinical, immunological, and histopathological parameters; waist circumference (WC); leptin; adiponectin; and leptin/adiponectin ratio (LAR) for all participants at baseline and every 3 years thereafter. We described the characteristics of participants at baseline and showed individual WC, LAR, and PVT characteristics. Potential parameters to predict PVT development within 9 years were determined. Results: PVT developed in eight (8.5%) patients, mainly in the portal trunk. Univariate analysis showed three PVT-associated factors: diabetes mellitus (P = 0.013), WC (P < 0.001), and LAR (P = 0.002). After adjusting multiple confounding variables, the multivariate model showed that the only significant variables were WC and LAR. By applying the receiver operating characteristic curve, WC had 98.8% specificity, 87.5% sensitivity, and 0.894 area under the curve (AUC) for prediction of PVT (P < 0.001) at cutoff values of > 105 cm. In comparison, LAR had 60.5% specificity, 87.5% sensitivity, and 0.805 AUC for PVT prediction (P < 0.001) at cutoff values of >7.5. Conclusions: This study suggests that increased central obesity and LAR were independently associated with PVT development in non-cirrhotic NAFLD patients, and they should be considered risk factors that may participate in PVT multifactorial pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdel-Razik
- Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Nasser Mousa
- Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Walaa Shabana
- Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmed H Yassen
- Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mostafa Abdelsalam
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Wahba
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Eman Mohamed Helmy
- Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Tawfik
- Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Khaled Zalata
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmad S Hasan
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rania Elhelaly
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rasha Elzehery
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Aya Ahmed Fathy
- Public Health and Community Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Niveen El-Wakeel
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Waleed Eldars
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Sarmiento-Cobos M, Aleman R, Gomez CO, Montorfano L, Wasser E, Lo Menzo E, Szomstein S, Rosenthal RJ. Weight loss following bariatric surgery decreases pericardial fat thickness lowering the risk of developing coronary artery disease. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2021; 17:390-397. [DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2020.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Iacovelli A, Mezzaroma I, Di Paolo M, Soda G, De Vincentiis L, Palange P. A case of acanthosis nigricans in a HIV-infected patient. BMC Infect Dis 2020; 20:360. [PMID: 32434484 PMCID: PMC7238735 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-020-05089-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To date, very little information is available concerning the relationship between acanthosis nigricans (AN) and infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Case presentation Herein, we report the case of a middle-aged man admitted for fever and progressively worsening dyspnea in the context of an opportunistic pneumonia and firstly diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). At the time of diagnosis, physical examination revealed the presence of a palpable, hyperpigmented skin lesion on the left areola with surface desquamation and velvety texture consistent with AN. Of note, the most common primary etiologies related to AN were excluded and the complete regression of the skin lesion was observed once antiretroviral therapy was started. Conclusion This is the second report of AN found in patients with AIDS and apparently responsive to prolonged antiretroviral treatment. Possible explanations of this association are still not completely understood, probably related to virus-induced changes in lipid metabolism. Our experience suggests that HIV testing should always be considered in the setting of apparently idiopathic AN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Iacovelli
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Ivano Mezzaroma
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Di Paolo
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Soda
- Department of Molecular Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Palange
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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12
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Piek A, Koonen DPY, Schouten EM, Lindtstedt EL, Michaëlsson E, de Boer RA, Silljé HHW. Pharmacological myeloperoxidase (MPO) inhibition in an obese/hypertensive mouse model attenuates obesity and liver damage, but not cardiac remodeling. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18765. [PMID: 31822739 PMCID: PMC6904581 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55263-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle factors are important drivers of chronic diseases, including cardiovascular syndromes, with low grade inflammation as a central player. Attenuating myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, an inflammatory enzyme associated with obesity, hypertension and heart failure, could have protective effects on multiple organs. Herein, the effects of the novel oral available MPO inhibitor AZM198 were studied in an obese/hypertensive mouse model which displays a cardiac phenotype. Eight week old male C57BL6/J mice received 16 weeks of high fat diet (HFD) combined with angiotensin II (AngII) infusion during the last 4 weeks, with low fat diet and saline infusion as control. Treated animals showed therapeutic AZM198 levels (2.1 µM), corresponding to 95% MPO inhibition. AZM198 reduced elevated circulating MPO levels in HFD/AngII mice to normal values. Independent of food intake, bodyweight increase and fat accumulation were attenuated by AZM198, alongside with reduced visceral adipose tissue (VAT) inflammation and attenuated severity of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. The HFD/AngII perturbation caused impaired cardiac relaxation and contraction, and increased cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. AZM198 treatment did, however, not improve these cardiac parameters. Thus, AZM198 had positive effects on the main lipid controlling tissues in the body, namely adipose tissue and liver. This did, however, not directly result in improved cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold Piek
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Debby P Y Koonen
- Department of Pediatrics, Section Molecular Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth-Maria Schouten
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Eva L Lindtstedt
- Early Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, R&D BioPharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Erik Michaëlsson
- Early Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, R&D BioPharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rudolf A de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Herman H W Silljé
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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13
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Lind L. Genome-Wide Association Study of the Metabolic Syndrome in UK Biobank. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2019; 17:505-511. [PMID: 31589552 DOI: 10.1089/met.2019.0070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a description of a clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors in the same individual. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified 29 independent genetic loci linked to MetS as a binary trait. This study used data from UK biobank to search for additional loci. Methods: Using data from 291,107 individuals in the UK biobank, a GWAS was performed versus the binary trait MetS (harmonized NCEP criteria). Results: In a GWAS of MetS (binary) we found 93 independent loci with P < 5 × 10-8, of which 80 were not identified in previous GWASs of MetS. However, the majority of those loci have previously been associated with one or more of the five MetS components. Of particular interest are the genes being related to MetS (binary) in this study, but not to any of the MetS components in past studies, such as WDR48, KLF14, NAADL1, GADD45G, and OR5R1, as well as the two loci that have been associated with all five MetS components in past studies, SNX10 and C5orf67. A pathway analysis of the 93 independent loci showed the immune system, transportation of small molecules, and metabolism to be enriched. Conclusion: This GWAS of the MetS in UK biobank identified several new loci being associated with MetS. Most of those have previously been found to be associated with different components of MetS, but several loci were found not previously linked to cardiometabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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14
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Tegelberg P, Tervonen T, Knuuttila M, Jokelainen J, Keinänen‐Kiukaanniemi S, Auvinen J, Ylöstalo P. Long‐term metabolic syndrome is associated with periodontal pockets and alveolar bone loss. J Clin Periodontol 2019; 46:799-808. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Tegelberg
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Tellervo Tervonen
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Matti Knuuttila
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Oulu University Hospital Oulu Finland
| | - Jari Jokelainen
- Center for Life Course Epidemiology and Systems Medicine University of Oulu and Unit of Primary Care Oulu Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Sirkka Keinänen‐Kiukaanniemi
- Medical Research Center Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu Oulu Finland
- Healthcare and Social Services of Selänne Pyhäjärvi Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, Center for Life Course Health Research, Health Center of Oulu University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Juha Auvinen
- Medical Research Center Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu Oulu Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, Center for Life Course Health Research, Health Center of Oulu University of Oulu Oulu Finland
- Oulunkaari Health Center Ii Finland
| | - Pekka Ylöstalo
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine University of Oulu Oulu Finland
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Oulu University Hospital Oulu Finland
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15
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Khorasaniha R, Siassi F, Khajehnasiri F, Qorbani M, Sotoudeh G. Dietary patterns in relation to inflammation in shift workers. BMJ Mil Health 2019; 166:221-226. [PMID: 30765608 DOI: 10.1136/jramc-2018-001119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rotational shift work has a considerable effect on immune function and cause inflammation. In addition, it may lead to unhealthy dietary intake. No earlier study has examined the association between dietary patterns and inflammation in rotational shift workers. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the association between dietary patterns and circulating proinflammatory cytokines among shift workers. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted among 257 male shift workers. Dietary intake of participants was examined using the semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire. Serum concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were measured using suitable commercial kits. RESULTS Three main dietary patterns included green vegetables, yellow vegetables and cruciferous vegetables (VEG), liquid oils and mayonnaise, fast food and eggs (LFE), as well as tea and coffee, refined grains and spice (TRS). Subjects with the highest adherence to VEG dietary pattern had a significantly lower concentration of IL-6 (p<0.01) and TNF-α (p<0.001) as compared with those with the lowest adherence. On the other hand, a significant negative association was found between LFE dietary pattern and serum concentrations of IL-6 (p=0.01) and TNF-α (p=0.02). However, no significant association was found between adherence to VEG (p=0.34) or LFE (p=0.99) dietary patterns and levels of hs-CRP and between adherence to TRS dietary pattern and any of the inflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSION Adherence to VEG and LFE dietary patterns was inversely and directly associated to serum IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations in shift workers, respectively. However, no significant association was found between adherence to these two dietary patterns and serum hs-CRP concentrations and between TRS dietary pattern and any of the inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reihane Khorasaniha
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - F Siassi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - F Khajehnasiri
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Qorbani
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - G Sotoudeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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16
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Kim MH, Kim HN, Choi WS. The association between subclinical inflammation and abnormal glucose and lipid metabolisms in normal-weight Korean individuals. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 28:1106-1113. [PMID: 30287123 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2018.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS AND AIMS We aimed to reveal the association between subclinical inflammation and metabolic risk factors and to determine the difference in the association between normal-weight and obese Korean individuals. METHODS AND RESULTS Data collected from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2015, conducted from January to December 2015, were analyzed. Overall, 4620 subjects were examined and divided into two subgroups: 2987 and 1633 subjects in the normal-weight and obese groups, respectively. The prevalence of obesity in the study population was 34.5% (n = 1633). After multivariate adjustment, impaired fasting glucose (IFG) (odds ratio [OR] 1.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05-1.42, P = 0.010), high triglyceride (TG) levels (OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.13-1.47, P < 0.001), and low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.31-1.64, P < 0.001) were significantly associated with increased high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels in the normal-weight group but not in the obesity group. CONCLUSION Subclinical inflammation was associated with IFG, high TG levels, and low HDL-C levels in normal-weight Korean individuals. Prospective and biochemical research is necessary to clarify the role of subclinical systemic inflammation in individuals with normal body weight and its impact on insulin resistance and abnormal lipid metabolism, which promote the incidence of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-H Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H-N Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - W-S Choi
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Duro M, Manso MC, Barreira S, Rebelo I, Medeiros R, Almeida C. Metabolic syndrome in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. Int J STD AIDS 2018; 29:1089-1097. [PMID: 29874955 DOI: 10.1177/0956462418775188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the factors underlying the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in HIV-infected patients. Two hundred and sixty-six clinical cases were selected for a retrospective study. The sample was classified using the Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines and the identification of risk or protective factors associated with MetS evaluated via multivariate logistic or multinomial regressions. HIV-infected individuals diagnosed with MetS tend to be older, overweight, or obese (85% have a BMI ≥ 25), with a waist circumference > 90 cm (96.5 [88.8-105.5] cm, median [interquartile range]). Blood testing these individuals revealed high fasting levels of insulin (8.1 [5.8-21.6] pg/ml), glucose (98.0 [84.0-116.0] mg/dl), triglycerides (201.0 [142.0-267.3] mg/dl), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (36.5 [29.8-43.3] mg/dl) in addition with higher levels of inflammatory mediators such as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (2.5 [1.0-4.9] mg/dl) and interleukin-6 (3.4 [2.8-3.8] pg/ml). The likelihood of HIV-infected individuals who are virally suppressed developing MetS is about 60% higher than those with acute infection. Treatment with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and protease inhibitors (PIs) increases the chance of developing MetS by around 2.4 times. Individuals with a lower antioxidant capacity (total antioxidant status [TAS] <1.33) have a 2.6 times higher risk of developing MetS. HIV-related chronic inflammation, a low TAS, and treatment with NRTIs in association with PIs are additional MetS risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Duro
- 1 Faculty of Pharmacy, Oporto University, Oporto, Portugal.,2 FP-ENAS (UFP Energy, Environment and Health Research Unit), Faculty of Health Sciences, Fernando Pessoa University, Oporto, Portugal.,3 Vale do Sousa Clinical Analysis Laboratory, Penafiel, Portugal.,4 UCIBIO@REQUIMTE, Oporto University, Oporto, Portugal
| | - M C Manso
- 2 FP-ENAS (UFP Energy, Environment and Health Research Unit), Faculty of Health Sciences, Fernando Pessoa University, Oporto, Portugal.,5 LAQV@REQUIMTE, Oporto University, Oporto, Portugal
| | - S Barreira
- 2 FP-ENAS (UFP Energy, Environment and Health Research Unit), Faculty of Health Sciences, Fernando Pessoa University, Oporto, Portugal
| | - I Rebelo
- 1 Faculty of Pharmacy, Oporto University, Oporto, Portugal.,4 UCIBIO@REQUIMTE, Oporto University, Oporto, Portugal
| | - R Medeiros
- 2 FP-ENAS (UFP Energy, Environment and Health Research Unit), Faculty of Health Sciences, Fernando Pessoa University, Oporto, Portugal.,6 Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Oporto, Portugal
| | - C Almeida
- 2 FP-ENAS (UFP Energy, Environment and Health Research Unit), Faculty of Health Sciences, Fernando Pessoa University, Oporto, Portugal
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18
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Durmuş E, Aypak C, Görpelioğlu S. Leukocyte Count as Chronic Inflammation Markers in Type 2 Diabetes Patients. ANKARA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.17098/amj.364164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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19
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Mazidi M, Toth PP, Banach M. C-reactive Protein Is Associated With Prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome, Hypertension, and Diabetes Mellitus in US Adults. Angiology 2017; 69:438-442. [PMID: 28914081 DOI: 10.1177/0003319717729288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) has increased globally and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases that may be related to its association with inflammation. We have assessed whether the prevalence of the MetS correlates with a serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) concentration in a population-based sample of US men and women. Participants were selected from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2005 to 2010. Of the 17 689 participants analyzed, 8607 (48.3%) were men. The mean age was 45.8 years in the overall sample (between men and women P = .047). The prevalence of MetS, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension increased across quartiles for hsCRP (all P < .001). Moreover, we found that for the age-, race-, sex-, and smoking-adjusted logistic regression, with increasing hsCRP, the risk of having MetS increased with an odds ratio of 5.20 (95% confidence interval, 4.54-5.93, P < .001) when comparing the highest quartile of serum hsCRP with the lowest. This study provides further evidence for an association between MetS and subclinical inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Mazidi
- 1 Key State Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,2 Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, International College, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Peter P Toth
- 3 Department of Preventive Cardiology, CGH Medical Center, Sterling, IL, USA.,4 Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Maciej Banach
- 5 Department of Hypertension, Chair of Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Poland.,6 Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland
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20
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Xu Q, Wang H, Li Y, Wang J, Lai Y, Gao L, Lei L, Yang G, Liao X, Fang X, Liu H, Li L. Plasma Sfrp5 levels correlate with determinants of the metabolic syndrome in Chinese adults. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2017; 33. [PMID: 28303637 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.2896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Secreted frizzled-related protein-5 (Sfrp5) is a novel adipokine, and it has been found to link insulin resistance with diabetes. Animal studies have revealed the role of Sfrp5 in regulating lipid and glucose metabolism. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between Sfrp5 and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a cross-sectional study. METHODS We conducted a series of cross-sectional studies of Chinese population including 194 control participants and 90 MetS patients. Circulating Sfrp5 concentrations were determined by ELISA. The relationships between circulating Sfrp5 levels and MetS components were assessed. RESULTS Circulating Sfrp5 was significantly lower in newly examined MetS patients than in control participants (49.1 ± 17.2 vs 61.6 ± 23.2 μg/L, P < .01). Circulating Sfrp5 correlated negatively with markers of adiposity (waist-to-hip ratio, body mass index, and free fatty acids, P < .001 or P < .05). Furthermore, Sfrp5 levels correlated with fasting insulin, 2 h-ins, fasting blood glucose, 2 h post-glucose load blood glucose, HbA1c , and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance. In addition, circulating Sfrp5 levels were closely associated with blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and atherosclerotic index. Circulating concentrations of Sfrp5 decreased progressively with continued increases in the numbers of MetS components. The analysis of receiver operating characteristic curves revealed that the best cutoff value for circulating Sfrp5 to predict MetS was 46.8 μg/L (sensitivity 70.1 %, specificity 47.8 %, and AUC 0.66). CONCLUSIONS We conclude that Sfrp5 may be an adipokine that is associated with the pathogenesis of MetS in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine (Ministry of Education) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinzhi Wang
- Chongqing Key Lab of Child Infection and Immunity Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yerui Lai
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital, Zunyi Medical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Lu Lei
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital, Zunyi Medical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Gangyi Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Liao
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital, Zunyi Medical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Xia Fang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Ling Li
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine (Ministry of Education) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Reduced thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor and enhanced proinflammatory cytokines in acute coronary syndrome. Med Intensiva 2016; 41:475-482. [PMID: 28038785 DOI: 10.1016/j.medin.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A study was made of the changes in the serum levels of thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI), proinflammatory cytokines and acute phase proteins in the acute stage of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), in order to explore the possibility of using TAFI as a biomarker for ACS risk assessment. METHODS A total of 211 patients with ACS were enrolled, and healthy subjects were used as controls. Blood samples were taken within 24h after admission. Serum TAFI levels were determined by immunoturbidimetry. Serum levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured by gold-immunochromatographic assay. RESULTS Serum TAFI levels in ACS patients were significantly decreased versus the controls. The IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, PCT and CRP levels were markedly higher in the ACS patients than in the controls. Correlation analysis revealed a strong negative correlation between TAFI concentration and the IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-а, PCT and CRP levels in ACS patients and in controls. Multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested decreased serum TAFI to be an independent risk factor for ACS (OR 9.459; 95% CI 2.306-38.793; P=0.002). The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for TAFI was 0.872 (95% CI 0.787-0.909; P<0.001). The optimum TAFI cutoff point for the prediction of ACS was 24μg/ml, with a sensitivity of 75.83% and a specificity of 72.57%. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that TAFI can be useful as a potential biomarker for ACS risk assessment.
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Bonaccio M, Di Castelnuovo A, Pounis G, De Curtis A, Costanzo S, Persichillo M, Cerletti C, Donati MB, de Gaetano G, Iacoviello L. A score of low-grade inflammation and risk of mortality: prospective findings from the Moli-sani study. Haematologica 2016; 101:1434-1441. [PMID: 27742767 PMCID: PMC5394885 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2016.144055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-grade inflammation is associated with an increased risk of chronic degenerative disease, but its relationship with mortality is less well explored. We aimed at evaluating, at a large epidemiological level, the possible association of low-grade inflammation, as measured by a composite score, with overall mortality risk. We conducted a population-based prospective investigation on 20,337 adult subjects free from major hematological disease and acute inflammatory status, randomly recruited from the general population of the Moli-sani study. A low-grade inflammation score was obtained from the sum of 10-tiles of plasmatic (C-reactive protein) and cellular (leukocyte and platelet counts, granulocyte/lymphocyte ratio) biomarkers of low-grade inflammation; higher levels indicated increased low-grade inflammation. Hazard ratios were calculated using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models with 95% confidence intervals. At the end of follow-up (median 7.6 years), 837 all-cause deaths were recorded. As compared to subjects in the lowest quartile of the low-grade inflammation score, those in the highest category had a significantly increased risk in overall mortality (HR=1.44; 1.17-1.77), independently of possible confounders, including the presence of chronic diseases and a number of health-related behaviors. The magnitude of the association of low-grade inflammation with mortality was relatively higher in type 2 diabetic patients (HR=2.90; 1.74-4.84) and in individuals with a history of cardiovascular disease (HR=2.48; 1.50-4.11) as compared to their counterparts who were free from the disease. In conclusion, an elevated degree of low-grade inflammation, as measured by a composite score of inflammatory biomarkers, is an independent risk factor for total mortality in an apparently healthy adult general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marialaura Bonaccio
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo NEUROMED, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | - Augusto Di Castelnuovo
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo NEUROMED, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | - George Pounis
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo NEUROMED, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | - Amalia De Curtis
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo NEUROMED, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | - Simona Costanzo
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo NEUROMED, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Persichillo
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo NEUROMED, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | - Chiara Cerletti
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo NEUROMED, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | - Maria Benedetta Donati
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo NEUROMED, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | - Giovanni de Gaetano
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo NEUROMED, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
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Abu-Farha M, Abubaker J, Al-Khairi I, Cherian P, Noronha F, Kavalakatt S, Khadir A, Behbehani K, Alarouj M, Bennakhi A, Elkum N. Circulating angiopoietin-like protein 8 (betatrophin) association with HsCRP and metabolic syndrome. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2016; 15:25. [PMID: 26850725 PMCID: PMC4743238 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-016-0346-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background ANGPTL8 also called betatrophin is a regulator of lipid metabolism through its interaction with ANGPTL3. It has also been suggested to play a role in insulin resistance and beta-cell proliferation. Based on its function, we hypothesized that ANGPTL8 will play a role in Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). To test this hypothesis we designed this study to measure ANGPTL8 level in subjects with MetS as well as its association with high sensitivity C-reactive protein (HsCRP) level in humans. Methods ANGPTL8 level was measured using ELISA in subjects with MetS as well as their controls, a total of 1735 subjects were enrolled. HsCRP was also measured and its association with ANGPTL8 was examined. Results ANGPTL8 level was higher in subjects with MetS 1140.6 (171.9–11736.1) pg/mL compared to 710.5 (59.5–11597.2) pg/mL in the controls. Higher levels of ANGPTL8 were also observed with the sequential increase in the number of MetS components (p value = <0.0001). ANGPTL8 showed strong positive correlation with HsCRP (r = 0.15, p value = <0.0001). Stratifying the population into tertiles according to the level of HsCRP showed increased ANGPTL8 level at higher tertiles of HsCRP in the overall population (p value = <0.0001).A similar trend was also observed in MetS and non-MetS subjects as well as in non-obese and obese subjects. Finally, multiple logistic regression models adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity and HsCRP level showed that subjects in the highest tertiles of ANGPTL8 had higher odds of having MetS (odd ratio [OR] = 2.3, 95 % confidence interval [CI] = (1.6–3.1), p value <0.0001. Conclusion In this study we showed that ANGPTL8 is increased in subjects with MetS and it was significantly associated with HsCRP levels in different subgroups highlighting its potential role in metabolic and inflammatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abu-Farha
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Dasman 15462, P.O. Box 1180, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
| | - Jehad Abubaker
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Dasman 15462, P.O. Box 1180, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
| | - Irina Al-Khairi
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Dasman 15462, P.O. Box 1180, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
| | - Preethi Cherian
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Dasman 15462, P.O. Box 1180, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
| | | | - Sina Kavalakatt
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Dasman 15462, P.O. Box 1180, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
| | - Abdelkrim Khadir
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Dasman 15462, P.O. Box 1180, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
| | | | | | | | - Naser Elkum
- Sidra Medical and Research Center, Clinical Epidemiology, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar.
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Sperling LS, Mechanick JI, Neeland IJ, Herrick CJ, Després JP, Ndumele CE, Vijayaraghavan K, Handelsman Y, Puckrein GA, Araneta MRG, Blum QK, Collins KK, Cook S, Dhurandhar NV, Dixon DL, Egan BM, Ferdinand DP, Herman LM, Hessen SE, Jacobson TA, Pate RR, Ratner RE, Brinton EA, Forker AD, Ritzenthaler LL, Grundy SM. The CardioMetabolic Health Alliance: Working Toward a New Care Model for the Metabolic Syndrome. J Am Coll Cardiol 2015; 66:1050-67. [PMID: 26314534 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.06.1328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The Cardiometabolic Think Tank was convened on June 20, 2014, in Washington, DC, as a "call to action" activity focused on defining new patient care models and approaches to address contemporary issues of cardiometabolic risk and disease. Individual experts representing >20 professional organizations participated in this roundtable discussion. The Think Tank consensus was that the metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex pathophysiological state comprised of a cluster of clinically measured and typically unmeasured risk factors, is progressive in its course, and is associated with serious and extensive comorbidity, but tends to be clinically under-recognized. The ideal patient care model for MetS must accurately identify those at risk before MetS develops and must recognize subtypes and stages of MetS to more effectively direct prevention and therapies. This new MetS care model introduces both affirmed and emerging concepts that will require consensus development, validation, and optimization in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence S Sperling
- Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
| | - Jeffrey I Mechanick
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Bone Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Ian J Neeland
- Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Cynthia J Herrick
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | | | - Chiadi E Ndumele
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | | | | | - Maria Rosario G Araneta
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California-San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Quie K Blum
- Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Fairfax, Virginia
| | | | - Stephen Cook
- Institute for Healthy Childhood Weight, American Academy of Pediatrics, Chicago, Illinois, and Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York
| | | | - Dave L Dixon
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Outcomes Science, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Pharmacy, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Brent M Egan
- Department of Medicine, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Greenville, South Carolina
| | - Daphne P Ferdinand
- Healthy Heart Community Prevention Project, Inc., New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Lawrence M Herman
- Department of Physician Assistant Studies, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, New York
| | - Scott E Hessen
- Cardiology Consultants of Philadelphia and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Terry A Jacobson
- Office of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Russell R Pate
- Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | | | - Eliot A Brinton
- Utah Foundation for Biomedical Research and Utah Lipid Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Alan D Forker
- Department of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri
| | | | - Scott M Grundy
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
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25
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Khurana S, Gupta S, Bhalla H, Nandwani S, Gupta V. Comparison of anti-inflammatory effect of atorvastatin with rosuvastatin in patients of acute coronary syndrome. J Pharmacol Pharmacother 2015; 6:130-5. [PMID: 26311995 PMCID: PMC4544133 DOI: 10.4103/0976-500x.162011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To compare anti-inflammatory effect of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin in patients of acute coronary syndrome. Materials and Methods: The study was a prospective, open-labeled, randomized and single-center study conducted on 100 patients of acute coronary syndrome. Patients were assigned to atorvastatin 40 mg daily or rosuvastatin 20 mg daily for 4 weeks. C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, lipid profiles, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and adverse effects were measured at beginning and at the end of 4 weeks. Results: Baseline parameters and clinical profile did not differ between the two groups. CRP levels significantly decreased from beginning to the end of 4 weeks in both atorvastatin and rosuvastatin groups (from 35.48 to 23.07 mg/l and from 35.88 to 19.91 mg/l respectively, both P < 0.001). However, there was significant difference between the levels of CRP in patients of the rosuvastatin group as compared to the atorvastatin group (19.91 ± 6.32 vs 23.07 ± 7.47, P < 0.05). In addition, both the drugs were associated with a reduction in total cholesterol, LDL levels and ESR at the end of 4 weeks as compared to the beginning (P < 0.001 for all comparisons). Conclusion: Both atorvastatin (40 mg) and rosuvastatin (20 mg) are effective in decreasing CRP and LDL cholesterol levels even in a short duration of 4 weeks. Rosuvastatin was found to be more effective in decreasing CRP levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushant Khurana
- Department of Pharmacology, Subharti Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Surabhi Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, Subharti Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - HiraLal Bhalla
- Department of Pharmacology, Subharti Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shefali Nandwani
- Department of Medicine, Subharti Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Varad Gupta
- Department of Medicine, Subharti Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
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26
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Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death in the United States. Although CAD was formerly considered a lipid accumulation-mediated disease, it has now been clearly shown to involve an ongoing inflammatory response. Advances in basic science research have established the crucial role of inflammation in mediating all stages of CAD. Today, there is convincing evidence that multiple interrelated immune mechanisms interact with metabolic risk factors to initiate, promote, and ultimately activate lesions in the coronary arteries. This review aims to provide current evidence pertaining to the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of CAD and discusses the impact of inflammatory markers and their modification on clinical outcomes.
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27
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Abstract
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with a pro-inflammatory milieu that may partially account for its association with an increased cardiovascular risk. We aimed to (1) evaluate the serum concentrations of twelve cytokines and growth factors (epidermal growth factor (EGF), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), IL-1α/-1β/-2/-4/-6/-8/-10, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), TNF-α and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)) in 303 individuals with or without the MetS; and (2) explore their relationship with the presence of the MetS. Patients with the MetS had significantly higher serum concentrations of IFN-γ, EGF, IL-1α/-1β/-2/-4/-6/-8/-10, MCP-1 and TNF-α, whilst serum VEGF concentrations were markedly lower compared with the control group (e.g. 38·55 v. 82·18 pg/ml; P< 0·05). Amongst these parameters, IFN-γ and IL-1α emerged as the most significant independent predictors of the MetS. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that patients with the MetS had an altered blood cytokine and growth factor profile that may partially account for its adverse clinical outcomes. Further prospective studies in larger multi-centre settings are required to unravel the role and association of the emerging biomarkers with the MetS and their implication in therapeutic intervention.
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28
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Todendi PF, Klinger EI, Ferreira MB, Reuter CP, Burgos MS, Possuelo LG, Valim ARM. Association of IL-6 and CRP gene polymorphisms with obesity and metabolic disorders in children and adolescents. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2015; 87:915-24. [PMID: 25993353 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201520140364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of adipose tissue inflammation is associated with obesity caused by lipid accumulation in adipocytes. Through this activation, proinflammatory cytokines, such as Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) seem to influence metabolic disorders. The present study evaluated whether polymorphisms in the CRP (rs1205) and IL-6 (rs1800795, rs2069845) genes are associated with the development of metabolic disorders in children and adolescents. A cross-sectional study was performed, consisting of 470 students from the municipality of Santa Cruz do Sul, Brazil, aged 7-17 years. Body mass index (BMI) was classified according to overweight and obesity. Genotyping was performed by real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Anthropometric characteristics, biochemical markers, immunological markers and blood pressure were assessed. Descriptive statistics, chi-square and logistic regression were used for the analyses. No association was detected between the rs1800795 polymorphism and the assessed variables. Individuals with the risk genotype in the rs1205 gene were associated with the risk of developing hypercholesterolemia (OR 2.79; CI 1.40, 5.57; p = 0.003). Carriers of the risk genotype in the rs2069845 gene are associated with the risk of developing obesity (OR 3.07; CI 1.08, 8.72; p = 0.03). The polymorphism rs2069845 was associated with obesity and rs1205 was associated with the risk of developing hypercholesterolemia in Brazilian schoolchildren.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pâmela F Todendi
- Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brasil
| | - Elisa I Klinger
- Departamento de Biologia e Farmácia, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brasil
| | - Michele B Ferreira
- Departamento de Biologia e Farmácia, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brasil
| | - Cézane P Reuter
- Departamento de Educação Física e Saúde, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brasil
| | - Miria S Burgos
- Departamento de Educação Física e Saúde, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brasil
| | - Lia G Possuelo
- Departamento de Biologia e Farmácia, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brasil
| | - Andréia R M Valim
- Departamento de Biologia e Farmácia, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brasil
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Ekholm M, Kahan T, Jörneskog G, Brinck J, Wallén NH. Haemostatic and inflammatory alterations in familial hypercholesterolaemia, and the impact of angiotensin II infusion. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2015; 16:328-38. [PMID: 25908220 DOI: 10.1177/1470320315575848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We examined potential prothrombotic and proinflammatory effects of angiotensin II in 16 otherwise healthy familial hypercholesterolaemia subjects and 16 matched controls. METHODS Markers of fibrinolysis, thrombin generation and inflammation were assessed in plasma before, during and 1h after a 3h intravenous infusion of angiotensin II. In addition, placebo experiments with saline infusion were carried out. RESULTS Baseline plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 activity and plasmin-antiplasmin-complex concentrations were similar in FH and controls, as were interleukin-6, leukocyte counts and C-reactive protein. Fibrinogen levels were higher in FH, and we observed a greater thrombin generating potential in FH (calibrated automated thrombogram), but no signs of elevated thrombin generation in vivo (prothrombin fragment 1+2). During angiotensin infusion plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 activity decreased and plasmin-antiplasmin-complex concentrations increased similarly in FH and controls. Total and maximal amount of thrombin generated was unchanged, as were prothrombin-fragment-1+2 levels. Interleukin-6 and leukocyte counts increased similarly in both groups during angiotensin infusion, while fibrinogen tended to increase in FH and increased in controls. During saline infusion plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 activity and prothrombin fragment 1+2 concentrations fell, whereas other markers were unchanged. CONCLUSIONS FH exhibits an increased thrombin generation potential, an intact fibrinolysis, and has no convincing signs of inflammation. Angiotensin has proinflammatory effects, and might have minor profibrinolytic and procoagulatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikael Ekholm
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden Department of Internal Medicine, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Thomas Kahan
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gun Jörneskog
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Division of Internal Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Brinck
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - N Håkan Wallén
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
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30
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Muuronen AT, Taina M, Hedman M, Marttila J, Kuusisto J, Onatsu J, Vanninen R, Jäkälä P, Sipola P, Mustonen P. Increased visceral adipose tissue as a potential risk factor in patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS). PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120598. [PMID: 25756793 PMCID: PMC4354901 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The etiology of an ischemic stroke remains undetermined in 20-35% of cases and many patients do not have any of the conventional risk factors. Increased visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is a suggested new risk factor for both carotid artery atherosclerosis (CAA) and atrial fibrillation (AF), but its role in the remaining stroke population is unknown. We assessed the amount of VAT in patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) after excluding major-risk cardioembolic sources, occlusive atherosclerosis, and lacunar stroke. METHODS Altogether 58 patients (mean age 57.7 ± 10.2 years, 44 men) with ischemic stroke of unknown etiology but without CAA, known AF or small vessel disease underwent computed tomography angiography and assessment of VAT. For comparison VAT values from three different reference populations were used. Conventional risk factors (smoking, hypertension, diabetes, increased total and LDL-cholesterol, decreased HDL-cholesterol) were also registered. RESULTS Mean VAT area was significantly higher in stroke patients (205 ± 103 cm2 for men and 168 ± 99 cm2 for women) compared to all reference populations (P < 0.01). 50% of male and 57% of female patients had an increased VAT area. In male patients, VAT was significantly higher despite similar body mass index (BMI). Increased VAT was more common than any of the conventional risk factors. CONCLUSION Increased VAT was found in over half of our patients with ESUS suggesting it may have a role in the pathogenesis of thromboembolism in this selected group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antti T. Muuronen
- Kuopio University Hospital, Diagnostic Imaging Centre, Department of Clinical Radiology, Kuopio, Finland
- * E-mail:
| | - Mikko Taina
- Kuopio University Hospital, Diagnostic Imaging Centre, Department of Clinical Radiology, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marja Hedman
- Kuopio University Hospital, Diagnostic Imaging Centre, Department of Clinical Radiology, Kuopio, Finland
- Kuopio University Hospital, Heart Center, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jarkko Marttila
- Kuopio University Hospital, Diagnostic Imaging Centre, Department of Clinical Radiology, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Kuopio University Hospital, Department of Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Juha Onatsu
- Kuopio University Hospital, Neuro Center, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ritva Vanninen
- Kuopio University Hospital, Diagnostic Imaging Centre, Department of Clinical Radiology, Kuopio, Finland
- University of Eastern Finland, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Unit of Radiology, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pekka Jäkälä
- Kuopio University Hospital, Neuro Center, Kuopio, Finland
- University of Eastern Finland, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Unit of Neurology, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Petri Sipola
- Kuopio University Hospital, Diagnostic Imaging Centre, Department of Clinical Radiology, Kuopio, Finland
- University of Eastern Finland, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Unit of Radiology, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pirjo Mustonen
- Department of Cardiology, Keski-Suomi Central Hospital, Jyväskylä, Finland
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31
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Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disorder associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). One theory to explain this relationship proposes that OSA can induce systemic inflammation, thereby inducing CVD. This theory is based on the premise that obesity is a pro-inflammatory state, and that physiological derangements during sleep in subjects with OSA further aggravate inflammation. In support of this theory, some clinical studies have shown elevated inflammatory biomarkers in OSA subjects, or improvement in these markers following treatment of OSA. However, the data are inconsistent and often confounded by the effects of comorbid obesity. Animal models of OSA have been developed, which involve exposure of rodents or cells to intermittent hypoxia, a hallmark feature of OSA. Several of these experiments demonstrate that intermittent hypoxia can stimulate inflammatory pathways and lead to cardiovascular or metabolic pathology. In this review, we review relationships between OSA and inflammation, with particular attention to studies published within the last year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dileep Unnikrishnan
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Rm 5B.81, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
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32
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Hall ME, Maready MW, Hall JE, Stec DE. Rescue of cardiac leptin receptors in db/db mice prevents myocardial triglyceride accumulation. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2014; 307:E316-25. [PMID: 24939734 PMCID: PMC4121577 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00005.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Increased leptin levels have been suggested to contribute to cardiac hypertrophy and attenuate cardiac lipid accumulation in obesity, although it has been difficult to separate leptin's direct effects from those caused by changes in body weight and adiposity. To determine whether leptin attenuates cardiac lipid accumulation in obesity or directly causes left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), we generated a novel mouse model in which the long form of the leptin receptor (LepR) was "rescued" only in cardiomyocytes of obese db/db mice. Reexpression of cardiomyocyte leptin receptors in db/db mice did not cause LVH but reduced cardiac triglycerides and improved cardiac function. Compared with lean wild-type (WT) or db/db-cardiac LepR rescue mice, db/db mice exhibited significantly lower E/A ratio, a measurement of early to late diastolic filling, which averaged 1.5 ± 0.07 in db/db vs. 1.9 ± 0.08 and 1.8 ± 0.11 in WT and db/db-cardiac LepR rescue mice, respectively. No differences in systolic function were observed. Although db/db and db/db-cardiac LepR rescue mice exhibited similar increases in plasma triglycerides, insulin, glucose, and body weight, cardiac triglycerides were significantly higher in db/db compared with WT and db/db cardiac LepR rescue mice, averaging 13.4 ± 4.2 vs. 3.8 ± 1.6 vs. 3.8 ± 0.7 mg/g, respectively. These results demonstrate that despite significant obesity and increases in plasma glucose and triglycerides, db/db cardiac LepR rescue mice are protected against myocardial lipid accumulation. However, we found no evidence that leptin directly causes LVH.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Crosses, Genetic
- Heart Ventricles/metabolism
- Heart Ventricles/physiopathology
- Heterozygote
- Hyperglycemia/etiology
- Hyperinsulinism/etiology
- Hypertriglyceridemia/etiology
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/etiology
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/prevention & control
- Leptin/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Mutant Strains
- Mice, Transgenic
- Myocardium/metabolism
- Obesity/metabolism
- Obesity/physiopathology
- Receptors, Leptin/agonists
- Receptors, Leptin/deficiency
- Receptors, Leptin/genetics
- Receptors, Leptin/metabolism
- Recombinant Proteins/chemistry
- Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Triglycerides/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Hall
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Excellence in Cardiovascular-Renal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi; and Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Matthew W Maready
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Excellence in Cardiovascular-Renal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi; and
| | - John E Hall
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Excellence in Cardiovascular-Renal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi; and
| | - David E Stec
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Excellence in Cardiovascular-Renal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi; and
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Impact of metabolic syndrome on myocardial injury and clinical outcome after percutaneous coronary intervention. Herz 2014; 40:129-35. [PMID: 24962253 DOI: 10.1007/s00059-014-4103-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/06/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study tested the associations between metabolic syndrome, postprocedural myocardial injury, and clinical outcome after percutaneous coronary intervention. PATIENTS AND METHODS We evaluated 204 patients who fulfilled the study criteria and were scheduled for elective percutaneous coronary intervention. The patients were divided into a metabolic syndrome group and a control group according to the definition of metabolic syndrome. Creatine kinase-MB and troponin I levels were measured at baseline, at 8 h, and 24 h after the procedure, while clinical outcomes were followed up for 1 year. RESULTS The incidence of postprocedural myocardial injury was significantly higher in the metabolic syndrome group than in the control group as indicated by either blood creatine kinase-MB elevation (32.9 % vs. 17.2 %, p = 0.010) or troponin I elevation (34.2 % vs. 17.2 %, p = 0.006). Postprocedural peak values of creatine kinase-MB (5.724 ± 7.678 ng/ml vs. 3.097 ± 5.317 ng/ml, p < 0.001) and troponin I (0.066 ± 0.093 ng/ml vs. 0.038 ± 0.079 ng/ml, p < 0.001) were also significantly higher in the metabolic syndrome group than in the control group. On multiple regression analysis, metabolic syndrome was independently associated with troponin I elevation (odds ratio 2.24, 95 % confidence interval, CI, 1.04-4.80, p = 0.039). During the 1-year follow-up, cardiac events occurred in 28.9 % of patients with metabolic syndrome and 17.9 % of controls, and there was a trend toward increased adverse outcomes in the metabolic syndrome group (hazard ratio 1.67, 95 % CI 0.93-3.00, p = 0.071, log rank test). CONCLUSION The results of this study demonstrate that metabolic syndrome is associated with postprocedural myocardial injury and with increased cardiac events.
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34
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Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS), which constitutes a cardio-metabolic risk cluster, is becoming a global epidemic. It is a pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidant state that confers an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. MetS is not only characterized by increased circulating biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress but also by dysregulation of a pivotal phagocyte, the circulating monocyte. Pertubations manifesting in monocytes of patients with MetS include increased Toll-like receptors, CD40-CD40L dyad, increased ER stress, increased CCR5 and Fc-γ receptors (CD32 and CD64). Additionally, the monocytes demonstrate increase in NADPH oxidase activity and decreased Nrf2, resulting in oxidative damage to biomolecules. Thus the dysregulated monocyte in MetS appears to be a critical cell in the predisposition of MetS patients to diabetes and CVD. Therapeutic strategies targeting monocytes can attenuate this risk and the most compelling data derives from studies with statin therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishwarlal Jialal
- a Department of Pathology, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Laboratory of Atherosclerosis and Metabolic Research, University of California Davis medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
- b VA Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Sridevi Devaraj
- c Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Uthra Rajamani
- a Department of Pathology, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Laboratory of Atherosclerosis and Metabolic Research, University of California Davis medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
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35
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Abu-Farha M, Behbehani K, Elkum N. Comprehensive analysis of circulating adipokines and hsCRP association with cardiovascular disease risk factors and metabolic syndrome in Arabs. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2014; 13:76. [PMID: 24716628 PMCID: PMC3997236 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-13-76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a leading cause of death worldwide including the Middle East. This is caused in part by the dysregulation of adipose tissue leading to increased production of pro-inflammatory adipokines and reduction in cardio-protective adipokines such as adiponectin. Ethnicity has been recognized as a major factor in the association between CVD risk factors and the different circulating adipokines. In this study, for the first time, the relationship between traditional cardiovascular risk factors, Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and circulating level of adipokines in Arab ethnicity was investigated. Methods We conducted a population-based cross-sectional survey on 379 adult Arab participants living in Kuwait. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors such as blood pressure (BP), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglyceride (TG) were measured. Plasma levels of circulating Leptin, Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor (PAI-1) visfatin, adiponectin, resistin and adipsin were assessed using the multiplexing immunobead-based assay. Results Circulating levels of High sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP), Leptin, PAI-1 and adiponectin were significantly higher in Arab women than men (p < 0.0001). In multi-variate analysis, the homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and body mass index (BMI) showed strong association with most of the biomarkers (p < 0.05). HsCRP showed significant association with all risk factors (p < 0.05). Leptin, PAI-1 and adipsin showed significant positive correlation with BMI, unlike adiponectin which showed inverse correlation (p < 0.05). Subjects in the highest tertile of leptin, PAI-1 and hsCRP had higher odds of having Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) (odd ratio [OR] = 3.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.47 – 6.19) and (OR = 2.52, 95% CI = 1.45 – 4.35), (OR = 4.26, 95% CI = 2.39 – 7.59) respectively. On the other hand subjects with highest tertile of adiponectin had lower odds of having MetS (OR = 0.22, 95% CI = 0.12 – 0.40). Leptin, PAI-1 and hsCRP showed significant positive association with increased MetS components (P-trend <0.05), while adiponectin was negatively associated with increased MetS components (P-trend <0.0001). Conclusion Our results show positive association between hsCRP, leptin, PAI-1 with increased MetS components and increase the odds of having MetS. Adiponectin on the other hand showed inverse correlation with MetS components and associated with reduction in MetS. Overall, our data highlights the significant clinical value these markers have in MetS especially hsCRP which can be used as good marker of low grade inflammation in Arabs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Naser Elkum
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, P,O,Box 1180, Dasman 15462, Kuwait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Tsoukas
- Section of Endocrinology, Boston VA Healthcare system and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA..
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Shrestha S, Irvin MR, Grunfeld C, Arnett DK. HIV, inflammation, and calcium in atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2013; 34:244-50. [PMID: 24265418 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.113.302191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is consistently higher among the HIV-positive patients, with or without treatment, than among the HIV-negative population. Risk factors linked to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in HIV infection are both traditional and HIV specific although the underlying mechanisms are not fully delineated. Three key sequential biological processes are postulated to accelerate progression of atherosclerosis in the context of HIV: (1) inflammation, (2) transformation of monocytes to macrophages and then foam cells, and (3) apoptosis of foam cells leading to plaque development through Ca(2+)-dependent endoplasmic reticulum stress. These proatherogenic mechanisms are further affected when HIV interacts with the genes involved in various phases within this network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadeep Shrestha
- From the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham (S.S., M.R.I., D.K.A.); Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Francisco (C.G.); and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (C.G.)
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Luque-Fernandez MA, Bain PA, Gelaye B, Redline S, Williams MA. Sleep-disordered breathing and gestational diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of 9,795 participants enrolled in epidemiological observational studies. Diabetes Care 2013; 36:3353-60. [PMID: 24065843 PMCID: PMC3781575 DOI: 10.2337/dc13-0778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recently, sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) has been reported to be associated with the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Accordingly, as this is emergent area of research that has significant clinical relevance, the objective of this meta-analysis is to examine the relationship between SDB with GDM. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We searched several electronic databases for all of the studies published before January 2013 and reviewed references of published articles. Meta-analytic procedures were used to estimate the unadjusted and BMI-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) using a random effects model. Significant values, weighted effect sizes, and 95% CIs were calculated, and tests of homogeneity of variance were performed. RESULTS Results from nine independent studies with a total of 9,795 pregnant women showed that SDB was significantly associated with an increased risk of GDM. Women with SDB had a more than threefold increased risk of GDM, with a pooled BMI-adjusted OR 3.06 (95% CI 1.89-4.96). CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate a significant association between SDB and GDM that is evident even after considered confounding by obesity. This meta-analysis indicates a need to evaluate the role of early recognition and treatment of SDB early during pregnancy.
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Zhu L, Su T, Xu M, Xu Y, Li M, Wang T, Sun J, Zhang J, Xu B, Lu J, Bi Y, Wang W, Xu Y. Eosinophil inversely associates with type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance in Chinese adults. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67613. [PMID: 23894289 PMCID: PMC3718808 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Limited population-based study focused on relationship between eosinophil and type 2 diabetes (T2D). OBJECTIVES We aimed to evaluate the relationship between peripheral eosinophil percentage and glucose metabolism and insulin resistance in a large sample size of Chinese population aged 40 and older. DESIGN AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed among 9,111 Chinese adults including 3,561 men and 5,550 women. The glucose metabolism status was confirmed by 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index and serum insulin levels were used to evaluate insulin resistance. Homeostasis model assessment-B was used to evaluate β cell function. RESULTS The average age of participants was 58.5 years. The prevalence of T2D decreased across the tertiles of eosinophil percentage (21.3%, 18.2% and 16.9%, P<0.0001). Each one tertile increase of eosinophil percentage inversely associated with risk of T2D when referred not only to normal glucose tolerance (NGT) (odds ratio (OR) 0.81, 95% CI 0.76-0.87, P< 0.0001), but also to impaired glucose regulation (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.83-0.97, P = 0.006), respectively, after adjustment for the confounding factors. Compared with the first tertile, the third tertile of eosinophil percentage associated with a 23% decrease of insulin resistance in NGT participants after full adjustments (P = 0.005). Each 1-standard deviation of increment of eosinophil percentage associated with a 37% decrease of insulin resistance (P = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS Higher peripheral eosinophil percentage was associated with decreased risk of T2D. The inverse relation to insulin resistance was detected in NGT participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, E-Institute of Shanghai Universities, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingwei Su
- Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, E-Institute of Shanghai Universities, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Xu
- Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, E-Institute of Shanghai Universities, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Xu
- Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, E-Institute of Shanghai Universities, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mian Li
- Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, E-Institute of Shanghai Universities, Shanghai, China
| | - Tiange Wang
- Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, E-Institute of Shanghai Universities, Shanghai, China
| | - Jichao Sun
- Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, E-Institute of Shanghai Universities, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Baihui Xu
- Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, E-Institute of Shanghai Universities, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieli Lu
- Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, E-Institute of Shanghai Universities, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yufang Bi
- Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, E-Institute of Shanghai Universities, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiqing Wang
- Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, E-Institute of Shanghai Universities, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiping Xu
- Department of Research and Development, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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ApoB/apoA1 is an effective predictor of coronary heart disease risk in overweight and obesity. J Biomed Res 2013; 25:266-73. [PMID: 23554700 PMCID: PMC3597070 DOI: 10.1016/s1674-8301(11)60036-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2010] [Revised: 02/18/2011] [Accepted: 05/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the relationship of apoB/apoA1 ratio and coronary heart disease (CHD) in persons who were overweight or obese. The subjects were divided by the body mass indexes (BMI) into the normal weight group (n=397, BMI<24 kg/m(2)) and the overweight group (n=400, BMI>24 kg/m(2)). Our results showed that the over-weight group had higher blood pressure [(130.15±19.01) mmHg vs (123.66±18.70) mmHg] and higher levels of blood sugar [(7.09±2.89) mmol/L vs (6.21±2.59) mmol/L], triglyceride [(1.93±1.19) mmol/L vs (1.44±0.85) mmol/L], total cholesterol [(4.26±1.06) mmol/L vs (4.09±0.99) mmol/L], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) [(2.56±0.75) mmol/L vs (2.39±0.72) mmol/L], and apoB [(0.83±0.27) mg/L vs (0.78±0.23) mg/L], and a higher apoB/apoA1 ratio (0.83±0.27 vs 0.75±0.25) and lower levels high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [(1.10±0.26) mmol/L vs (1.21±0.31) mmol/L] and apoA1 [(1.04±0.20) mg/L vs (1.08±0.22) mg/L] than those of the normal weight group (all P < 0.05). The prevalence of CHD in the over-weight group in the lowest LDL quartile was almost twice greater than that of the highest apoB/apoA1 quartile, compared with the subjects in the lowest apoB/apoA1 quartile. The higher apoB/apoA1 quartile was in agreement with the higher prevalence of CHD. In the overweight and obesity group, the area under ROC curve (AUC) was the highest for apoB/apoA1 (0.655). The cut-off point of apoB/apoA1 for optimal sensitivity and specificity was at 0.80, with a sensitivity of 57.19% and a specificity of 71.72%. In conclusion, apoB and apoA1 were simple clinical indicators, and the apoB/apoA1 ratio was closely related with CHD in overweight and obese patients. The apoB/apoA1 ratio may provide some useful information in the differential diagnosis.
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Salminen M, Kuoppamäki M, Vahlberg T, Räihä I, Irjala K, Kivelä SL. Does high sensitive CRP improve cardiovascular risk prediction in metabolic syndrome among the aged? SCAND CARDIOVASC J 2013; 47:210-6. [PMID: 23724977 DOI: 10.3109/14017431.2013.798427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyze whether an elevated level of high hsCRP has an additive effect on metabolic syndrome (MetS) in predicting future cardiovascular events (CVEs) as well as on all-cause mortality among the aged subjects. DESIGN A prospective, population-based study with a 9-year follow-up. The study population consisted of persons aged 64 and above in 1998-99 without vascular disease and CRP less than 10 mg/l at baseline (n = 733). Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CVEs and all-cause mortality predicted by baseline MetS (defined by both International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and World Health Organization (WHO)) and hsCRP-level were estimated. RESULTS During the 9-year follow-up, a total of 142 CVEs and 206 deaths occurred. After multivariable adjustment, no significant interactions were found between hsCRP and MetS in CVEs (IDF: p = 0.828; WHO: p = 0.572) or in all-cause mortality (IDF: p = 0.113; WHO: p = 0.374). HsCRP was not associated with the occurrence of CVEs (IDF: HR = 1.10, 95% CI = 0.92-1.32, p = 0.281; WHO: HR = 1.10, 95% CI = 0.93-1.32, p = 0.247) or with all-cause mortality (IDF: HR = 1.12, 95% CI = 0.97-1.29, p = 0.134; WHO: HR = 1.11, 95% CI = 0.96-1.28, p = 0.146). CONCLUSIONS It seems that hsCRP does not give any extra value in evaluation of CVE risk or all-cause mortality of older subjects with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika Salminen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Family Medicine, FI-20014 University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
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Smits MM, Woudstra P, Utzschneider KM, Tong J, Gerchman F, Faulenbach M, Carr DB, Aston-Mourney K, Chait A, Knopp RH, Meigs JB, Boyko EJ, Kahn SE. Adipocytokines as features of the metabolic syndrome determined using confirmatory factor analysis. Ann Epidemiol 2013; 23:415-21. [PMID: 23535025 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2012] [Revised: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to test the hypothesis whether adipocytokines are associated with the risk factor cluster that characterizes the metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS Data from 134 nondiabetic subjects were analyzed using CFA. Insulin sensitivity (SI) was quantified using intravenous glucose tolerance tests, visceral fat area by computed tomography and fasting high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), serum amyloid A (SAA), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, adiponectin, resistin, leptin, interleukin (IL)-6, C-reactive protein (CRP), and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 were measured. RESULTS The basic model representing the MetS included six indicators comprising obesity, SI, lipids, and hypertension, and demonstrated excellent goodness of fit. Using multivariate analysis, MCP-1, SAA, and TNF-α were not independently associated with any of the MetS variables. Adiponectin, resistin, leptin, CRP, and IL-6 were associated with at least one of the risk factors, but when added to the basic model decreased all goodness-of-fit parameters. PAI-1 was associated with all cardiometabolic factors and improved goodness-of-fit compared with the basic model. CONCLUSIONS Addition of PAI-1 increased the CFA model goodness of fit compared with the basic model, suggesting that this protein may represent an added feature of the MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark M Smits
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA 98108, USA
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Quantity and Quality of Nocturnal Sleep Affect Morning Glucose Measurement in Acutely Burned Children. J Burn Care Res 2013; 34:483-91. [DOI: 10.1097/bcr.0b013e3182a2a89c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Zhao L, Nicholson JK, Lu A, Wang Z, Tang H, Holmes E, Shen J, Zhang X, Li JV, Lindon JC. Targeting the human genome-microbiome axis for drug discovery: inspirations from global systems biology and traditional Chinese medicine. J Proteome Res 2012; 11:3509-19. [PMID: 22624854 DOI: 10.1021/pr3001628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Most chronic diseases impairing current human public health involve not only the human genome but also gene-environment interactions, and in the latter case the gut microbiome is an important factor. This makes the classical single drug-receptor target drug discovery paradigm much less applicable. There is widespread and increasing international interest in understanding the properties of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) for their potential utilization as a source of new drugs for Western markets as emerging evidence indicates that most TCM drugs are actually targeting both the host and its symbiotic microbes. In this review, we explore the challenges of and opportunities for harmonizing Eastern-Western drug discovery paradigms by focusing on emergent functions at the whole body level of humans as superorganisms. This could lead to new drug candidate compounds for chronic diseases targeting receptors outside the currently accepted "druggable genome" and shed light on current high interest issues in Western medicine such as drug-drug and drug-diet-gut microbial interactions that will be crucial in the development and delivery of future therapeutic regimes optimized for the individual patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Zhao
- Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Lehto SM, Elomaa AP, Niskanen L, Herzig KH, Tolmunen T, Viinamäki H, Koivumaa-Honkanen H, Huotari A, Honkalampi K, Valkonen-Korhonen M, Sinikallio S, Ruotsalainen H, Hintikka J. Serum adipokine levels in adults with a history of childhood maltreatment. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2012; 37:217-21. [PMID: 22336057 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2012.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2011] [Revised: 01/17/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with a history of childhood maltreatment present increased rates of metabolic disturbances, but the underlying mechanisms for such phenomena are poorly understood. This study examined whether the secretion of adipokines, adipocyte-derived inflammation markers closely associated with metabolic disorders, is altered in individuals with a history of childhood maltreatment. The serum levels of inflammatory markers adiponectin and resistin were measured from 147 general population participants who had a history of adverse mental symptoms, and who also reported their experiences of childhood maltreatment. Participants with experiences of childhood maltreatment (n=30) had lowered levels of serum adiponectin (p=0.007) and resistin (p=0.028). The differences in adiponectin levels persisted in multivariate modeling with adjustments for age, gender, and body mass index (OR for each 1 standard deviation decrease in the serum adiponectin level 2.65, 95% CI 1.31-5.35, p=0.007). Additional adjustments for marital status or a diagnosis of major depressive disorder, or the exclusion of individuals using NSAIDs, oral corticosteroids, or antidepressants did not alter the results. The association between resistin levels and childhood maltreatment did not remain independent in the same models. Our findings suggest that in individuals with previously reported adverse mental symptoms, a history of childhood maltreatment is independently associated with lowered levels of the anti-inflammatory marker adiponectin. This may lead to a lowered anti-inflammatory buffer capacity, which can, in turn, increase the susceptibility to physical and psychological states characterized by pronounced pro-inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soili M Lehto
- Department of Psychiatry, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
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Additive impact of diabetes mellitus on patients with metabolic syndrome and acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Int J Cardiol 2012; 157:283-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.03.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Accepted: 03/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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López NJ, Quintero A, Casanova PA, Ibieta CI, Baelum V, López R. Effects of Periodontal Therapy on Systemic Markers of Inflammation in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome: A Controlled Clinical Trial. J Periodontol 2012; 83:267-78. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2011.110227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Ishimura E, Okuno S, Tsuboniwa N, Shoji S, Yamakawa T, Nishizawa Y, Inaba M. Relationship between fat mass and serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels in prevalent hemodialysis patients. Nephron Clin Pract 2012; 119:c283-8. [PMID: 21921641 DOI: 10.1159/000328931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2011] [Accepted: 04/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Little is known about the relationship between fat mass distribution and chronic inflammation in dialysis patients, in whom chronic inflammation is related to morbidity and mortality. METHODS The fat and lean masses (truncal and nontruncal) of 452 hemodialysis patients (age: 64 ± 11 years; hemodialysis duration: 89 ± 77 months; 37% diabetics) were measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry and their association with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) was examined. RESULTS The fat mass of the high hsCRP group (n = 106) was significantly higher than that of the normal hsCRP group (n = 346; p < 0.05); there were no significant differences in lean mass between the two groups. Truncal fat mass of the former group was significantly greater than that of the latter (p < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in nontruncal fat mass between the two groups. In multiple regression analysis, truncal fat mass (β = 0.227, p < 0.01) was significantly and independently associated with serum hsCRP levels after adjustment for age, gender and serum albumin (R(2) = 0.137, p < 0.01), whereas nontruncal fat mass was not. CONCLUSION Fat mass, particularly truncal fat mass, but not lean body mass, was significantly associated with serum hsCRP levels. The results suggest that truncal fat mass exhibits a distinct effect on chronic inflammation in hemodialysis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Ishimura
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
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Liu C, Xie G, Huang W, Yang Y, Li P, Tu Z. Elevated Serum Myeloperoxidase Activities are Significantly Associated with the Prevalence of ACS and High LDL-C Levels in CHD Patients. J Atheroscler Thromb 2012; 19:435-43. [DOI: 10.5551/jat.9704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Mwendwa DT, Sims RC, Madhere S, Thomas J, Keen LD, Callender CO, Campbell AL. The influence of coping with perceived racism and stress on lipid levels in African Americans. J Natl Med Assoc 2011; 103:594-601. [PMID: 21999034 PMCID: PMC5003038 DOI: 10.1016/s0027-9684(15)30385-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipid dysregulation is a major contributor to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and is attributed to numerous biological, psychosocial, and behavioral risk factors. Psychological stress has been examined as a predictor of lipid dysregulation; however, the role of coping with perceived racism, a stressor unique to the African American experience, has not been addressed. The current study sought to determine the impact of behavioral coping responses to perceived racism and perceived daily stress on lipid levels in African Americans. METHODS The sample consisted of 122 African American participants who resided in the Washington, DC, metropolitan area. Data were collected as part of an ongoing study entitled Stress and Psychoneuroimmunological Factors in Renal Health and Disease at Howard University Hospital. RESULTS Through canonical analysis, distinct profiles of African American lipid function emerged with body mass index, age, and behavioral coping responses to perceived racism being associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), respectively. Results from linear regression analyses showed that greater endorsement of behavioral coping responses to perceived racism items predicted higher levels of LDL (B = .24, p < .05). This relationship was not mediated by pathophysiological mechanisms associated with the stress response system such as cortisol, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and IL-6. CONCLUSION The relationship between elevated levels of LDL and behavioral coping responses to perceived racism suggests that African Americans may be at increased risk for CVD due to the unique stress encountered by racism in our culture. Behavioral pathways used to counteract the negative effects of perceived discrimination may better explain this relationship. Further research is necessary to determine other biobehavioral and pathophysiological mechanisms that explain this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denee T Mwendwa
- Department of Psychology, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA.
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