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Jiang H, Feng S, Zhang P, Wang J, Jiang Y, Zhang H, Song X, Huang W, Xie Y, Deng C. Petroleum ether extract of Schisandra sphenanthera prevents hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in association with modulation of sweet taste receptors and gut microbiota in T2DM rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 331:118300. [PMID: 38718889 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Schisandra sphenanthera (Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd. et Wils.) is the dried mature fruit of Schisandra sphenanthera, a plant in the Magnoliaceae family. It was used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus in the Jade Fluid Decoction and the Xiaoke pills, which were recorded in ancient books. However, its mechanism of action in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was unclear and needs further study. AIM OF THE STUDY This research aimed to investigate the chemical composition and lignan content of Schisandra sphenanthera petroleum ether parts (SPEP) and to evaluate the effects of SPEP on sweet taste receptors (STRs) and intestinal flora in rats on a high-fat diet (HFD). Additionally, the relationships between SPEP and hyperglycemia and insulin resistance were examined. MATERIALS AND METHODS GC-MS was used to determine the chemical composition of SPEP, and HPLC was used to determine the lignin content. A combination of the HFD and the administration of streptozotocin (STZ) was employed to generate a rat model of T2DM. Petroleum ether extracts from Schisandra sphenanthera were used as the focus of the research to evaluate the effects of these extracts on the glucolipid metabolism of T2DM rats, as well as the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS Analysis of the GC-MS spectrum of SESP revealed a total of 58 compounds. HPLC analysis revealed that SPEP had the highest concentration of Schisandrin A and the lowest concentration of Schisandrol A. The drug administration intervention resulted in a significant decrease in body weight and pancreatic weight of diabetic rats compared to the Normal group. When compared to the Model group, the body weight of rats in the drug administration group and the Metformin group had a more moderate decrease, while the pancreatic weight and pancreatic-to-body ratio increased. The Model group shown significant increases in FBG, OGTT, GHb, TC, TG, LDL-C, ALT, AST, MDA, FINS, and NEFA, as well as significant decreases in HDL-C and SOD, when compared to the Normal group (P < 0.05). The administration of each group was found to be significantly effective in decreasing FBG, OGTT, GHb, TC, TG, LDL-C, ALT, AST, MDA, FINS, NEFA, while increasing HDL-C and SOD when compared to the Model group. The application of SPEP had a positive impact on hepatocyte swelling, hepatocyte degeneration, and necrosis, as well as the morphological structure of pancreatic islet cells. Furthermore, the protein expression levels of T1R2, TRPM5 and GLP-1 in the small intestine of the Model group were reduced. After a period of six weeks, the protein expression levels began to align more closely with those of the Normal group of rats. Analysis of 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that the intestinal microbiota of diabetic rats was significantly disrupted, with a decrease in the abundance of the Firmicutes phylum and an increase in the abundance of the Bacteroidetes phylum. Furthermore, the composition of the dominant genus was distinct from that of the control group. After the drug intervention, the microbiota of diabetic rats was significantly altered, exhibiting a higher abundance and diversity, as well as a significant enrichment of the community. The SPEP treatment resulted in a significant increase in acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this research indicated that SPEP could be effective in treating T2DM through the regulation of STRs, the adjustment of disturbed metabolite levels, and the alteration of intestinal flora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihui Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Shibo Feng
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Panpan Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Jiaojiao Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China; Shaanxi Key Lab. of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China; Key Research Laboratory of the Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shaanxi Province: Research and Application of Tai Bai Seven Medicines, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Huawei Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China; Key Research Laboratory of the Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shaanxi Province: Research and Application of Tai Bai Seven Medicines, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Xiaomei Song
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China; Shaanxi Key Lab. of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China; Key Research Laboratory of the Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shaanxi Province: Research and Application of Tai Bai Seven Medicines, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Wenli Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China; Key Research Laboratory of the Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shaanxi Province: Research and Application of Tai Bai Seven Medicines, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Yundong Xie
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China.
| | - Chong Deng
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China; Shaanxi Key Lab. of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China; College of Pharmacy and Shaanxi Qinling Application Development and Engineering Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China; Shaanxi Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Mechanical and Material Basis of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China; Key Research Laboratory of the Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shaanxi Province: Research and Application of Tai Bai Seven Medicines, Xianyang, 712046, China.
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Sugino KY, Hernandez TL, Barbour LA, Kofonow JM, Frank DN, Friedman JE. Distinct Plasma Metabolomic and Gut Microbiome Profiles after Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Diet Treatment: Implications for Personalized Dietary Interventions. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1369. [PMID: 39065137 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12071369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) triggers alterations in the maternal microbiome. Alongside metabolic shifts, microbial products may impact clinical factors and influence pregnancy outcomes. We investigated maternal microbiome-metabolomic changes, including over 600 metabolites from a subset of the "Choosing Healthy Options in Carbohydrate Energy" (CHOICE) study. Women diagnosed with GDM were randomized to a diet higher in complex carbohydrates (CHOICE, n = 18, 60% complex carbohydrate/25% fat/15% protein) or a conventional GDM diet (CONV, n = 16, 40% carbohydrate/45% fat/15% protein). All meals were provided. Diets were eucaloric, and fiber content was similar. CHOICE was associated with increases in trimethylamine N-oxide, indoxyl sulfate, and several triglycerides, while CONV was associated with hippuric acid, betaine, and indole propionic acid, suggestive of a healthier metabolome. Conversely, the microbiome of CHOICE participants was enriched with carbohydrate metabolizing genes and beneficial taxa such as Bifidobacterium adolescentis, while CONV was associated with inflammatory pathways including antimicrobial resistance and lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis. We also identified latent metabolic groups not associated with diet: a metabolome associated with less of a decrease in fasting glucose, and another associated with relatively higher fasting triglycerides. Our results suggest that GDM diets produce specific microbial and metabolic responses during pregnancy, while host factors also play a role in triglycerides and glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kameron Y Sugino
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Teri L Hernandez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- College of Nursing, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Linda A Barbour
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jennifer M Kofonow
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Daniel N Frank
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jacob E Friedman
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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Liu T, Cao Y, Liang N, Ma X, Fang JA, Zhang X. Investigating the causal association between gut microbiota and type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis and Mendelian randomization. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1342313. [PMID: 38962766 PMCID: PMC11220316 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1342313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Studies have shown that gut dysbiosis contributes to the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Identifying specific gut microbiota dysbiosis may provide insight into the pathogenesis of T2DM. Purpose This study investigated the causal relationship between gut microbiota and T2DM using meta-analysis and Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods In the first part, we searched for literature on gut microbiota and T2DM, and conducted a meta-analysis. We observed differences in glycosylated hemoglobin and fasting blood glucose levels in both groups. Second, we obtained GWAS data from genome-wide association study database 19 (GWAS). We used two-sample MR analysis to verify the forward and reverse causal associations between gut microbiota and T2DM. Additionally, we selected the European GWAS data from the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI) as a validation set for external validation of the MR analysis. In the third part, we aimed to clarify which gut microbiota contribute to the degree of causal association between group disorders and T2DM through multivariate MR analysis and Bayesian model averaging (MR-BMA). Results 1. According to the meta-analysis results, the glycated hemoglobin concentration in the gut probiotic intervention group was significantly lower than in the control group. Following treatment, fasting blood glucose levels in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group. 2. The results of two samples MR analysis revealed that there were causal relationships between six gut microbiota and T2DM. Genus Haemophilus and order Pasteurellaceae were negatively correlated with T2DM. Genus Actinomycetes, class Melanobacteria and genus Lactobacillus were positively correlated. Reverse MR analysis demonstrated that T2DM and gut microbiota did not have any reverse causal relationship. The external validation data set showed a causal relationship between gut microbiota and T2DM. 3. Multivariate MR analysis and MR-BMA results showed that the independent genus Haemophilus collection had the largest PP. Conclusion Our research results suggest that gut microbiota is closely related to T2DM pathogenesis. The results of further MR research and an analysis of the prediction model indicate that a variety of gut microbiota disorders, including genus Haemophilus, are causally related to the development of T2DM. The findings of this study may provide some insight into the diagnosis and treatment of T2DM. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Nephrology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ning Liang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaoqi Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jing-ai Fang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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Ray AK, Shukla A, Yadav A, Kaur U, Singh AK, Mago P, Bhavesh NS, Chaturvedi R, Tandon R, Shalimar, Kumar A, Malik MZ. A Comprehensive Pilot Study to Elucidate the Distinct Gut Microbial Composition and Its Functional Significance in Cardio-Metabolic Disease. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10847-w. [PMID: 38839647 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10847-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Cardio-metabolic disease is a significant global health challenge with increasing prevalence. Recent research underscores the disruption of gut microbial balance as a key factor in disease susceptibility. We aimed to characterize the gut microbiota composition and function in cardio-metabolic disease and healthy controls. For this purpose, we collected stool samples of 18 subjects (12 diseased, 6 healthy) and we performed metagenomics analysis and functional prediction using QIIME2 and PICRUSt. Furthermore, we carried out assessments of microbe-gene interactions, gene ontology, and microbe-disease associations. Our findings revealed distinct microbial patterns in the diseased group, particularly evident in lower taxonomic levels with significant variations in 14 microbial features. The diseased cohort exhibited an enrichment of Lachnospiraceae family, correlating with obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic disturbances. Conversely, reduced levels of Clostridium, Gemmiger, and Ruminococcus genera indicated a potential inflammatory state, linked to compromised butyrate production and gut permeability. Functional analyses highlighted dysregulated pathways in amino acid metabolism and energy equilibrium, with perturbations correlating with elevated branch-chain amino acid levels-a known contributor to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. These findings were consistent across biomarker assessments, microbe-gene associations, and gene ontology analyses, emphasizing the intricate interplay between gut microbial dysbiosis and cardio-metabolic disease progression. In conclusion, our study unveils significant shifts in gut microbial composition and function in cardio-metabolic disease, emphasizing the broader implications of microbial dysregulation. Addressing gut microbial balance emerges as a crucial therapeutic target in managing cardio-metabolic disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwini Kumar Ray
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India.
| | - Avaneesh Shukla
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Alka Yadav
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Urvinder Kaur
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Alok Kumar Singh
- Department of Zoology, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Payal Mago
- Shaheed Rajguru College of Applied Sciences for Women, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
- Campus of Open Learning, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Neel Sarovar Bhavesh
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Rupesh Chaturvedi
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Ravi Tandon
- Laboratory of AIDS Research and Immunology, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Shalimar
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi, India
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Whitefield, Bangalore, India
| | - Md Zubbair Malik
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.
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Jiang R, Cong Z, Zheng L, Zhang L, Guan Q, Wang S, Fang J, Chen J, Liu M. Global research trends in regulating gut microbiome to improve type 2 diabetes mellitus: bibliometrics and visual analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1401070. [PMID: 38887274 PMCID: PMC11181692 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1401070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Gut microbiome (GM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have two-way effects. Improving T2DM by modulating GM in various ways, such as diet, exercise, and medication, is gradually becoming popular, and related studies have yielded positive results. However, there is still a lack of high-quality bibliometric analyses of research in this area. This study aims to systematize and comprehensively summarize the knowledge structure, research tropics, and research trends of GM and T2DM through bibliometric analysis. Methods Publications related to GM and T2DM before January 9, 2024, in the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) were searched in this study. Microsoft Excel 2019 was used to analyze publishing trends and CiteSpace (v.6.1.R6 Advanced) was used to analyze institutions, cited journals, references, and keywords.SCImago Graphica (v.1.0.39) was used to analyze countries/regions, institutions' collaborations, cited authors, and published journals. Results We finally included 1004 articles published from 2008 to 2023. The number of published articles showed an upward trend and reached its peak in 2022. China is the country with the largest number of articles, Univ Copenhagen is the institution with the largest number of articles, Fukui, Michiaki, Hamaguchi, Masahide are the scholars with the largest number of articles, and Cani and Patrice D. are the scholars with the largest number of citations. NUTRIENTS(Q1/5.9) published the most publications, while Nature (Q1/64.8; Cited 804 times) is the most frequently cited journal. Gut microbiota, Obesity, and insulin resistance are the most frequently used keywords. This study found that current researches focus on the effects of diet, exercise, and pharmacological modification of GM to improve T2DM and explores specific mechanisms. Future researches will focus on three areas: complications of T2DM and specific physiological processes, methods and measures to regulate GM, and new experimental techniques and assays. Conclusion The current researches confirmed the effects and specific mechanisms of modulating GM to improve T2DM. Further exploration of the effects of modulating GM on T2DM complications and specific physiologic processes is a future trend of research. Exploring specific methods for regulating GM and developing new experimental techniques and assays are important for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongsheng Jiang
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Zhengri Cong
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Likun Zheng
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Long Zhang
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Qifan Guan
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Sixian Wang
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Jinxu Fang
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Jiahao Chen
- College of Medical Information, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Mingjun Liu
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
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Khoo SC, Zhang N, Luang-In V, Goh MS, Sonne C, Ma NL. Exploring environmental exposomes and the gut-brain nexus: Unveiling the impact of pesticide exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 250:118441. [PMID: 38350544 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
This review delves into the escalating concern of environmental pollutants and their profound impact on human health in the context of the modern surge in global diseases. The utilisation of chemicals in food production, which results in residues in food, has emerged as a major concern nowadays. By exploring the intricate relationship between environmental pollutants and gut microbiota, the study reveals a dynamic bidirectional interplay, as modifying microbiota profile influences metabolic pathways and subsequent brain functions. This review will first provide an overview of potential exposomes and their effect to gut health. This paper is then emphasis the connection of gut brain function by analysing microbiome markers with neurotoxicity responses. We then take pesticide as example of exposome to elucidate their influence to biomarkers biosynthesis pathways and subsequent brain functions. The interconnection between neuroendocrine and neuromodulators elements and the gut-brain axis emerges as a pivotal factor in regulating mental health and brain development. Thus, manipulation of gut microbiota function at the onset of stress may offer a potential avenue for the prevention and treatment for mental disorder and other neurodegenerative illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shing Ching Khoo
- Biological Security and Sustainability (BioSES) Research Interest Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Nan Zhang
- Synerk Biotech, BioBay, Suzhou, 215000, China; Neuroscience Program, Department of Neurology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, TX, 77030, USA; Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, 10065, USA
| | - Vijitra Luang-In
- Natural Antioxidant Innovation Research Unit, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Khamriang, Kantharawichai, Mahasarakham, 44150, Thailand
| | - Meng Shien Goh
- Biological Security and Sustainability (BioSES) Research Interest Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Christian Sonne
- Aarhus University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Danish Centre for Environment and Energy (DCE), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Nyuk Ling Ma
- Biological Security and Sustainability (BioSES) Research Interest Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Center for Global Health Research (CGHR), Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
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Yang HB, Song JY, Xu C, Li J, Zhang C, Xie S, Teng CL. Interventional effects of Pueraria oral liquid on T2DM rats and metabolomics analysis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116780. [PMID: 38781864 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Pueraria lobata, commonly known as kudzu, is a medicinal and food plant widely used in the food, health food, and pharmaceutical industries. It has clinical pharmacological effects, including hypoglycemic, antiinflammatory, and antioxidant effects. However, its mechanism of hypoglycemic effect on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we prepared a Pueraria lobata oral liquid (POL) and conducted a comparative study in a T2DM rat model to evaluate the hypoglycemic effect of different doses of Pueraria lobata oral liquid. Our objective was to investigate the hypoglycemic effect of Puerarin on T2DM rats and understand its mechanism from the perspective of metabolomics. In this study, we assessed the hypoglycemic effect of POL through measurements of FBG, fasting glucose tolerance test, plasma lipids, and liver injury levels. Furthermore, we examined the mechanism of action of POL using hepatic metabolomics. The study's findings demonstrated that POL intervention led to improvements in weight loss, blood glucose, insulin, and lipid levels in T2DM rats, while also providing a protective effect on the liver. Finally, POL significantly affected the types and amounts of hepatic metabolites enriched in metabolic pathways, providing an important basis for revealing the molecular mechanism of Pueraria lobata intervention in T2DM rats. These findings indicate that POL may regulate insulin levels, reduce liver damage, and improve metabolic uptake in the liver. This provides direction for new applications and research on Pueraria lobata to prevent or improve T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bo Yang
- School of Public Health, the key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China; Guizhou Academy of Testing and Analysis, Guiyang 550014, China.
| | - Jie-Yu Song
- School of Public Health, the key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China; Guizhou Academy of Testing and Analysis, Guiyang 550014, China.
| | - Chan Xu
- School of Public Health, the key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China; Guizhou Academy of Testing and Analysis, Guiyang 550014, China.
| | - Jin Li
- School of Public Health, the key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China; Guizhou Academy of Testing and Analysis, Guiyang 550014, China.
| | - Chan Zhang
- School of Public Health, the key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China; Guizhou Jiandee Technology Co., Ltd., Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Sun Xie
- Guizhou Jiandee Technology Co., Ltd., Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Chun-Li Teng
- Guizhou Jiandee Technology Co., Ltd., Guiyang 550025, China.
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Wang KY, Zhong XQ. Overview of relationship between intestinal flora imbalance and diseases. WORLD CHINESE JOURNAL OF DIGESTOLOGY 2024; 32:280-284. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v32.i4.280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
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Lv C, Cheng L, Feng W, Xie H, Kou J, Wang L, Shi M, Song X, Wang X, Chen S, Xue L, Zhang C, Li X, Zhao H. Targeting microbiota-immune-synaptic plasticity to explore the effect of tea polyphenols on improving memory in the aged type 2 diabetic rat model. Nutr Neurosci 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38622917 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2024.2341188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study aimed to explore whether TP could improve memory in the aged type 2 diabetic rat model by regulating microbiota-immune-synaptic plasticity axis. METHODS The experiment was divided into two parts. Firstly, to investigate the effects of TP on the physiopathology of the aged T2DM model rats, rats were randomly divided into the Normal control group, the aged group, the Aged T2DM model group, the TP 75, 150, 300 mg/kg groups, the 150 mg/kg Piracetam group and the 3 mg/kg Rosiglitazone group. Then, to further verify whether TP improved memory in aged T2DM rat model by regulating intestinal flora, the fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from the rats in the 300 mg/kg TP group into the rats in the aged T2DM model group was carried out. Effects on gut microbiota, colonic integrity (epithelial tight junction proteins), and endotoxemia (serum LPS) were examined, along with synaptic structure, synaptic plasticity-related structural proteins and inflammation signaling of the hippocampus in our study. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that TP alleviated memory impairments in the aged T2DM rat model. The specific outcomes were as follows: TP 300 mg/kg corrected the gut dysbacteriosis, alleviated intestinal permeability reduction and peripheral/central inflammation, inhibited the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Meanwhile, TP improved the synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus of the aged T2DM model rats, whose expressions of SYN, PSD 95, NMDAR1 and GluR1 in hippocampus were significantly up-regulated. Surprisingly, rats of the FMT group displayed the same changes. DISCUSSION TP improves the memory in aged T2DM rat model. The mechanism may be related to the alteration of gut flora, which can inhibit hippocampal TLR4/NF-κB signaling to attenuate neuroinflammation, then improve synaptic plasticity. The study proposes that TP interventions aimed at manipulating the gut microbiota may hold great potential as an effective approach for preventing and treating this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhui Lv
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Cheng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjuan Feng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoran Xie
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Kou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengqian Shi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Song
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangzhi Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lushan Xue
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemin Li
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Haifeng Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention (Shanxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
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10
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Sechovcová H, Mahayri TM, Mrázek J, Jarošíková R, Husáková J, Wosková V, Fejfarová V. Gut microbiota in relationship to diabetes mellitus and its late complications with a focus on diabetic foot syndrome: A review. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2024; 69:259-282. [PMID: 38095802 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-023-01119-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease affecting glucose metabolism. The pathophysiological reactions underpinning the disease can lead to the development of late diabetes complications. The gut microbiota plays important roles in weight regulation and the maintenance of a healthy digestive system. Obesity, diabetes mellitus, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy and diabetic neuropathy are all associated with a microbial imbalance in the gut. Modern technical equipment and advanced diagnostic procedures, including xmolecular methods, are commonly used to detect both quantitative and qualitative changes in the gut microbiota. This review summarises collective knowledge on the role of the gut microbiota in both types of diabetes mellitus and their late complications, with a particular focus on diabetic foot syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Sechovcová
- Laboratory of Anaerobic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, CAS, Vídeňská, 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tiziana Maria Mahayri
- Laboratory of Anaerobic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, CAS, Vídeňská, 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic.
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Jakub Mrázek
- Laboratory of Anaerobic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, CAS, Vídeňská, 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radka Jarošíková
- Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Husáková
- Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Wosková
- Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimíra Fejfarová
- Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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11
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Jacquier EF, van de Wouw M, Nekrasov E, Contractor N, Kassis A, Marcu D. Local and Systemic Effects of Bioactive Food Ingredients: Is There a Role for Functional Foods to Prime the Gut for Resilience? Foods 2024; 13:739. [PMID: 38472851 DOI: 10.3390/foods13050739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Scientific advancements in understanding the impact of bioactive components in foods on the gut microbiota and wider physiology create opportunities for designing targeted functional foods. The selection of bioactive ingredients with potential local or systemic effects holds promise for influencing overall well-being. An abundance of studies demonstrate that gut microbiota show compositional changes that correlate age and disease. However, navigating this field, especially for non-experts, remains challenging, given the abundance of bioactive ingredients with varying levels of scientific substantiation. This narrative review addresses the current knowledge on the potential impact of the gut microbiota on host health, emphasizing gut microbiota resilience. It explores evidence related to the extensive gut health benefits of popular dietary components and bioactive ingredients, such as phytochemicals, fermented greens, fibres, prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics. Importantly, this review distinguishes between the potential local and systemic effects of both popular and emerging ingredients. Additionally, it highlights how dietary hormesis promotes gut microbiota resilience, fostering better adaptation to stress-a hallmark of health. By integrating examples of bioactives, this review provides insights to guide the design of evidence-based functional foods aimed at priming the gut for resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcel van de Wouw
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | | | | | - Amira Kassis
- Neat Science, 1618 Chatel-Saint-Denis, Switzerland
| | - Diana Marcu
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
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12
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Baranowska-Wójcik E, Winiarska-Mieczan A, Olcha P, Kwiecień M, Jachimowicz-Rogowska K, Nowakowski Ł, Miturski A, Gałczyński K. Polyphenols Influence the Development of Endometrial Cancer by Modulating the Gut Microbiota. Nutrients 2024; 16:681. [PMID: 38474808 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Dysbiosis of the microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract can induce the development of gynaecological tumours, particularly in postmenopausal women, by causing DNA damage and alterations in metabolite metabolism. Dysbiosis also complicates cancer treatment by influencing the body's immune response and disrupting the sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs. Therefore, it is crucial to maintain homeostasis in the gut microbiota through the effective use of food components that affect its structure. Recent studies have shown that polyphenols, which are likely to be the most important secondary metabolites produced by plants, exhibit prebiotic properties. They affect the structure of the gut microbiota and the synthesis of metabolites. In this review, we summarise the current state of knowledge, focusing on the impact of polyphenols on the development of gynaecological tumours, particularly endometrial cancer, and emphasising that polyphenol consumption leads to beneficial modifications in the structure of the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Baranowska-Wójcik
- Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Human Nutrition, University of Life Sciences, Skromna Street 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Winiarska-Mieczan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Bromatology, Department of Bromatology and Nutrition Physiology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Piotr Olcha
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Lublin, Aleje Racławickie 23, 20-049 Lublin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Kwiecień
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Bromatology, Department of Bromatology and Nutrition Physiology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Karolina Jachimowicz-Rogowska
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Bromatology, Department of Bromatology and Nutrition Physiology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Łukasz Nowakowski
- Department of Gynecology, 1st Clinical Military Hospital in Lublin, Al. Raclawickie 23, 20-049 Lublin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Miturski
- Department of Gynecology, 1st Clinical Military Hospital in Lublin, Al. Raclawickie 23, 20-049 Lublin, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Gałczyński
- Faculty of Medical Sciences and Health Sciences, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Konarskiego 2, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
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13
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Zhou X, Chen R, Cai Y, Chen Q. Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: A Prospective Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:647-659. [PMID: 38347911 PMCID: PMC10860394 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s447784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose of Review The aim of this review is to summarize the role of gastrointestinal microbiome (GM) in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Besides, we discuss the feasibility of applying FMT in the treatment of T2DM and propose a series of processes to refine the use of FMT in the treatment of T2DM. Recent Findings T2DM is a metabolic disease which is connected with the GM. According to many researches, GM can produce a variety of metabolites such as bile acid, short chain fatty acids, lipopolysaccharides and trimethylamine oxide which play an important role in metabolism. FMT is a method to regulate GM and has been observed to be effective in the treatment of metabolic diseases such as T2DM in some mouse models and people. However, there is still a lack of direct evidence for the use of FMT in the treatment of T2DM, and the process of FMT is not standardized. Summary Dysregulation of GM is closely related to the development of T2DM. Promoting the conversion of GM in T2DM patients to normal population through FMT can reduce insulin resistance and lower their blood glucose level, which is an optional treatment for T2DM patients in the future. At present, the feasibility and limitations of applying FMT to the treatment of T2DM need to be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rumeng Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yichen Cai
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
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14
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Li X, Niu H, Huang Z, Zhang M, Xing M, Chen Z, Wu L, Xu P. Deciphering the Role of the Gut Microbiota in Exposure to Emerging Contaminants and Diabetes: A Review. Metabolites 2024; 14:108. [PMID: 38393000 PMCID: PMC10890638 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14020108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Emerging pollutants, a category of compounds currently not regulated or inadequately regulated by law, have recently become a focal point of research due to their potential toxic effects on human health. The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in human health; it is particularly susceptible to disruption and alteration upon exposure to a range of toxic environmental chemicals, including emerging contaminants. The disturbance of the gut microbiome caused by environmental pollutants may represent a mechanism through which environmental chemicals exert their toxic effects, a mechanism that is garnering increasing attention. However, the discussion on the toxic link between emerging pollutants and glucose metabolism remains insufficiently explored. This review aims to establish a connection between emerging pollutants and glucose metabolism through the gut microbiota, delving into the toxic impacts of these pollutants on glucose metabolism and the potential role played by the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqing Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Bin Sheng Rd., Binjiang District, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Huixia Niu
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Bin Sheng Rd., Binjiang District, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Zhengliang Huang
- Disease Prevention and Control Center of Jingning She Autonomous County, Lishui 323500, China
| | - Man Zhang
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Mingluan Xing
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Bin Sheng Rd., Binjiang District, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Zhijian Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Bin Sheng Rd., Binjiang District, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Lizhi Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Bin Sheng Rd., Binjiang District, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Peiwei Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Bin Sheng Rd., Binjiang District, Hangzhou 310051, China
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15
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Tong A, Li Z, Liu X, Ge X, Zhao R, Liu B, Zhao L, Zhao C. Laminaria japonica polysaccharide alleviates type 2 diabetes by regulating the microbiota-gut-liver axis: A multi-omics mechanistic analysis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128853. [PMID: 38134985 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
The hypoglycemic effects of low-molecular-weight Laminaria japonica polysaccharide (LJO) were investigated in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice, focusing on its effect on the microbiome, metabolome, and transcriptome. The findings demonstrated that LJO significantly reduced fasting blood glucose levels, insulin levels, and inflammatory factors. Additionally, LJO induced changes in gut microbiota composition and increased the concentrations of cecal short-chain fatty acids. Analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics data revealed that LJO primarily altered the endocrine and digestive systems, signal transduction, and lipid metabolism. It led to a decrease in palmitic acid levels and an increase in glutathione levels. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay suggested that LJO upregulated Irs1 expression, consequently reducing insulin resistance. These findings strongly suggest that LJO holds promise in ameliorating T2DM and may serve as a potential dietary supplement for patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aijun Tong
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhiqun Li
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health; Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xiaodong Ge
- College of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224051, China
| | - Runfan Zhao
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Lina Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Chao Zhao
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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16
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Dash NR, Al Bataineh MT, Alili R, Al Safar H, Alkhayyal N, Prifti E, Zucker JD, Belda E, Clément K. Functional alterations and predictive capacity of gut microbiome in type 2 diabetes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22386. [PMID: 38104165 PMCID: PMC10725451 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49679-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome plays a significant role in the development of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), but the functional mechanisms behind this association merit deeper investigation. Here, we used the nanopore sequencing technology for metagenomic analyses to compare the gut microbiome of individuals with T2DM from the United Arab Emirates (n = 40) with that of control (n = 44). DMM enterotyping of the cohort resulted concordantly with previous results, in three dominant groups Bacteroides (K1), Firmicutes (K2), and Prevotella (K3) lineages. The diversity analysis revealed a high level of diversity in the Firmicutes group (K2) both in terms of species richness and evenness (Wilcoxon rank-sum test, p value < 0.05 vs. K1 and K3 groups), consistent with the Ruminococcus enterotype described in Western populations. Additionally, functional enrichment analyses of KEGG modules showed significant differences in abundance between individuals with T2DM and controls (FDR < 0.05). These differences include modules associated with the degradation of amino acids, such as arginine, the degradation of urea as well as those associated with homoacetogenesis. Prediction analysis with the Predomics approach suggested potential biomarkers for T2DM, including a balance between a depletion of Enterococcus faecium and Blautia lineages with an enrichment of Absiella spp or Eubacterium limosum in T2DM individuals, highlighting the potential of metagenomic analysis in predicting predisposition to diabetic cardiomyopathy in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihar Ranjan Dash
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad T Al Bataineh
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box: 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
| | - Rohia Alili
- INSERM, Nutrition and obesities: systemics approaches (NutriOmics), Sorbonne University, Paris, France
- Nutrition Department, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Habiba Al Safar
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | | | - Edi Prifti
- INSERM, Nutrition and obesities: systemics approaches (NutriOmics), Sorbonne University, Paris, France
- Unité de Modélisation Mathématique et Informatique des Systèmes Complexes, UMMISCO, IRD, Sorbonne Université, 93143, Bondy, France
| | - Jean-Daniel Zucker
- INSERM, Nutrition and obesities: systemics approaches (NutriOmics), Sorbonne University, Paris, France
- Unité de Modélisation Mathématique et Informatique des Systèmes Complexes, UMMISCO, IRD, Sorbonne Université, 93143, Bondy, France
| | - Eugeni Belda
- INSERM, Nutrition and obesities: systemics approaches (NutriOmics), Sorbonne University, Paris, France
- Unité de Modélisation Mathématique et Informatique des Systèmes Complexes, UMMISCO, IRD, Sorbonne Université, 93143, Bondy, France
| | - Karine Clément
- INSERM, Nutrition and obesities: systemics approaches (NutriOmics), Sorbonne University, Paris, France.
- Nutrition Department, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
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17
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Ma L, La X, Zhang B, Xu W, Tian C, Fu Q, Wang M, Wu C, Chen Z, Chang H, Li JA. Total Astragalus saponins can reverse type 2 diabetes mellitus-related intestinal dysbiosis and hepatic insulin resistance in vivo. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1190827. [PMID: 38053727 PMCID: PMC10694298 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1190827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Intestinal flora homeostasis in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was evaluated to explore the effects of total Astragalus saponins (TAS) on hepatic insulin resistance (IR). Methods Six-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed high-fat and high-sugar diet for 4 weeks and intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin to induce T2DM, and they were then randomly divided into control, model, metformin, and TAS groups. Stool, serum, colon, and liver samples were collected after 8 weeks of drug administration for relevant analyses. Results TAS reduced fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose, area under the curve of oral glucose tolerance test, glycated serum protein, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in T2DM rats but increased insulin, C-peptide, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Moreover, TAS improved the morphology and structure of liver and colon tissues and improved the composition of the intestinal microbiome and bacterial community structure at different taxonomic levels. In addition, TAS increased the protein expression of hepatic IRS-1, PI3K, PDK1, and p-AKT and decreased the protein expression of p-GSK-3β. Meanwhile, TAS increased the mRNA expression of liver PDK1, PI3K, and GS and decreased the mRNA expression of GSK-3β. Conclusion TAS can ameliorate T2DM-related abnormal glucose and blood lipid metabolism, intestinal dysbiosis, and IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Ma
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
- He Bei Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Diabetes and Its Complications, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Xiaojin La
- He Bei Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Diabetes and Its Complications, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Biwei Zhang
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
- He Bei Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Diabetes and Its Complications, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Wenxuan Xu
- He Bei Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Diabetes and Its Complications, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Chunyu Tian
- He Bei Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Diabetes and Its Complications, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Qianru Fu
- He Bei Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Diabetes and Its Complications, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Meng Wang
- He Bei Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Diabetes and Its Complications, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Chenxi Wu
- He Bei Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Diabetes and Its Complications, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Oriental Herbs Korlatolt felelossegu tarsasag, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Hong Chang
- He Bei Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Diabetes and Its Complications, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Ji-an Li
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
- He Bei Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Diabetes and Its Complications, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
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18
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Mathrani A, Lu LW, Sequeira-Bisson IR, Silvestre MP, Hoggard M, Barnett D, Fogelholm M, Raben A, Poppitt SD, Taylor MW. Gut microbiota profiles in two New Zealand cohorts with overweight and prediabetes: a Tū Ora/PREVIEW comparative study. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1244179. [PMID: 38033566 PMCID: PMC10687470 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1244179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity-related metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) are major global health issues, affecting hundreds of millions of people worldwide. The underlying factors are both diverse and complex, incorporating biological as well as cultural considerations. A role for ethnicity - a measure of self-perceived cultural affiliation which encompasses diet, lifestyle and genetic components - in susceptibility to metabolic diseases such as T2D is well established. For example, Asian populations may be disproportionally affected by the adverse 'TOFI' (Thin on the Outside, Fat on the Inside) profile, whereby outwardly lean individuals have increased susceptibility due to excess visceral and ectopic organ fat deposition. A potential link between the gut microbiota and metabolic disease has more recently come under consideration, yet our understanding of the interplay between ethnicity, the microbiota and T2D remains incomplete. We present here a 16S rRNA gene-based comparison of the fecal microbiota of European-ancestry and Chinese-ancestry cohorts with overweight and prediabetes, residing in New Zealand. The cohorts were matched for mean fasting plasma glucose (FPG: mean ± SD, European-ancestry: 6.1 ± 0.4; Chinese-ancestry: 6.0 ± 0.4 mmol/L), a consequence of which was a significantly higher mean body mass index in the European group (BMI: European-ancestry: 37.4 ± 6.8; Chinese-ancestry: 27.7 ± 4.0 kg/m2; p < 0.001). Our findings reveal significant microbiota differences between the two ethnicities, though we cannot determine the underpinning factors. In both cohorts Firmicutes was by far the dominant bacterial phylum (European-ancestry: 93.4 ± 5.5%; Chinese-ancestry: 79.6 ± 10.4% of 16S rRNA gene sequences), with Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria the next most abundant. Among the more abundant (≥1% overall relative sequence abundance) genus-level taxa, four zero-radius operational taxonomic units (zOTUs) were significantly higher in the European-ancestry cohort, namely members of the Subdoligranulum, Blautia, Ruminoclostridium, and Dorea genera. Differential abundance analysis further identified a number of additional zOTUs to be disproportionately overrepresented across the two ethnicities, with the majority of taxa exhibiting a higher abundance in the Chinese-ancestry cohort. Our findings underscore a potential influence of ethnicity on gut microbiota composition in the context of individuals with overweight and prediabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akarsh Mathrani
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Louise W. Lu
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Human Nutrition Unit, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ivana R. Sequeira-Bisson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Human Nutrition Unit, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Marta P. Silvestre
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Human Nutrition Unit, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Serviços de Saúde (CINTESIS), NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Michael Hoggard
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Daniel Barnett
- Department of Statistics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mikael Fogelholm
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne Raben
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital – Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Sally D. Poppitt
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Human Nutrition Unit, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Michael W. Taylor
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
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Slouha E, Rezazadah A, Farahbod K, Gerts A, Clunes LA, Kollias TF. Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus and the Gut Microbiota: Systematic Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e49740. [PMID: 38161953 PMCID: PMC10757596 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is a community situated in the gastrointestinal tract that consists of bacteria thriving and contributing to the functions of our body. It is heavily influenced by what individuals eat, as the quality, amount, and frequency of food consumed can favor and inhibit specific bacteria. Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common but detrimental condition that arises from excessive hyperglycemia, leading to either insulin resistance or damage to the B-cells that produce insulin in the pancreas. A poor diet high in sugar and fats leads to hyperglycemia, and as this persists, it can lead to the development of T2DM. Both insulin resistance and damage to B-cells are greatly affected by the diet an individual consumes, but is there a more involved relationship between the gut microbiota and T2DM? This paper aimed to evaluate the changes in the gut microbiota in patients with T2DM and the impacts of the changes in gut microbiota. Bacteroides, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria prevailed in patients with T2DM and healthy control, but their abundance varied greatly. There was also a significant decrease in bacteria like Lactobacilli spp.and F. prausnitizii associated with insulin resistance. High levels of BMI in patients with T2DM have also been associated with increased levels of A. muciniphilia, which has been associated with decreased fat metabolism and increased BMI. Metabolites such as butyrates and melatonin have also been identified as influencing the development and progression of T2DM. Testosterone levels have also been greatly influenced by the gut microbiota changes in T2DM, such that males with lower testosterone have a greater abundance of bacteria like Gemella, Lachnospiraceae, and Massiia. Identifying these changes and how they impact the body may lead to a treatment addressing insulin dysfunction and the changes that the altered gut microbiota leads to. Future research should address how treatment methods such as healthy diets, exercise, and anti-diabetics affect the gut microbiota and see if they influence sustained changes and reduced hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Slouha
- Pharmacology, St. George's University School of Medicine, St. George's, GRD
| | - Atbeen Rezazadah
- Pharmacology, St. George's University School of Medicine, St. George's, GRD
| | - Kiana Farahbod
- Pharmacology, St. George's University School of Medicine, St. George's, GRD
| | - Andrew Gerts
- Pharmacology, St. George's University School of Medicine, St. George, GRD
| | - Lucy A Clunes
- Pharmacology, St. George's University, St. George's, GRD
| | - Theofanis F Kollias
- Microbiology, Immunology and Pharmacology, St. George's University School of Medicine, St. George's, GRD
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20
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Sharma D, Gajjar D, Seshadri S. Understanding the role of gut microfloral bifidobacterium in cancer and its potential therapeutic applications. MICROBIOME RESEARCH REPORTS 2023; 3:3. [PMID: 38455077 PMCID: PMC10917622 DOI: 10.20517/mrr.2023.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Gut microbiota research has gained a tremendous amount of attention from the scientific community because of its contribution to gut homeostasis, human health, and various pathophysiological conditions. The early colonizer of the human gut, i.e., bifidobacteria, has emerged as an efficient probiotic in various diseased conditions, including cancer. This review explores the pros and cons of Bifidobacterium in various malignancies and various therapeutic strategies. We have illustrated the controversial role of bifidobacteria participating in various malignancies as well as described the current knowledge regarding its use in anticancer therapies. Ultimately, this article also addresses the need for further extensive research in elucidating the mechanism of how bifidobacteria is involved and is indirectly affecting the tumor microenvironment. Exhaustive and large-scale research is also required to solve the controversial questions regarding the involvement of bifidobacteria in cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sriram Seshadri
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, 382481 Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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21
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Cao X, Wang X, Ren Y, Sun Y, Yang Z, Ge J, Ping W. Lonicera caerulea L. polyphenols improve short-chain fatty acid levels by reshaping the microbial structure of fermented feces in vitro. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1228700. [PMID: 37965545 PMCID: PMC10641692 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1228700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is closely related to the gut microbiota. Polyphenols have been shown to alleviate T2DM, but the effects of L. caerulea L. polyphenols (LPs) on the gut microbiota and metabolites remain elusive. In this study, the inhibitory effects of fermented L. caerulea L. polyphenols (FLPs) and unfermented L. caerulea L. polyphenols (ULPs) on α-amylase and α-glucosidase and the impact of LP on the gut microbiota and metabolites were investigated. Furthermore, the relationship between the two was revealed through correlation analysis. The results showed that ULP and FLP had the highest inhibitory rates against α-amylase and α-glucosidase at 4 mg ml-1, indicating a strong inhibitory ability. In addition, LP plays a regulatory role in the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and tends to restore them to their normal levels. LP reversed the dysbiosis of the gut microbiota caused by T2DM, as evidenced by an increase in the abundance of bacterial genera such as Lactobacillus, Blautia, and Bacteroides and a decrease in the abundance of bacterial genera such as Escherichia-Shigella and Streptococcus. Similarly, after LP intervention, the relationships among microbial species became more complex and interconnected. In addition, the correlation between the gut microbiota and metabolites was established through correlation analysis. These further findings clarify the mechanism of action of LP against T2DM and provide a new target for T2DM interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinbo Cao
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education and Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region and Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province and School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Xuemeng Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education and Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region and Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province and School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanxin Ren
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education and Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region and Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province and School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Yangcun Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education and Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region and Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province and School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhichao Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education and Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region and Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province and School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Jingping Ge
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education and Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region and Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province and School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Agroecological Safety, Hebei University of Environmental Engineering, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Wenxiang Ping
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education and Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region and Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province and School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Agroecological Safety, Hebei University of Environmental Engineering, Qinhuangdao, China
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Widjaja F, Rietjens IMCM. From-Toilet-to-Freezer: A Review on Requirements for an Automatic Protocol to Collect and Store Human Fecal Samples for Research Purposes. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2658. [PMID: 37893032 PMCID: PMC10603957 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The composition, viability and metabolic functionality of intestinal microbiota play an important role in human health and disease. Studies on intestinal microbiota are often based on fecal samples, because these can be sampled in a non-invasive way, although procedures for sampling, processing and storage vary. This review presents factors to consider when developing an automated protocol for sampling, processing and storing fecal samples: donor inclusion criteria, urine-feces separation in smart toilets, homogenization, aliquoting, usage or type of buffer to dissolve and store fecal material, temperature and time for processing and storage and quality control. The lack of standardization and low-throughput of state-of-the-art fecal collection procedures promote a more automated protocol. Based on this review, an automated protocol is proposed. Fecal samples should be collected and immediately processed under anaerobic conditions at either room temperature (RT) for a maximum of 4 h or at 4 °C for no more than 24 h. Upon homogenization, preferably in the absence of added solvent to allow addition of a buffer of choice at a later stage, aliquots obtained should be stored at either -20 °C for up to a few months or -80 °C for a longer period-up to 2 years. Protocols for quality control should characterize microbial composition and viability as well as metabolic functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances Widjaja
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands;
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23
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Patra D, Banerjee D, Ramprasad P, Roy S, Pal D, Dasgupta S. Recent insights of obesity-induced gut and adipose tissue dysbiosis in type 2 diabetes. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1224982. [PMID: 37842639 PMCID: PMC10575740 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1224982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
An imbalance in microbial homeostasis, referred to as dysbiosis, is critically associated with the progression of obesity-induced metabolic disorders including type 2 diabetes (T2D). Alteration in gut microbial diversity and the abundance of pathogenic bacteria disrupt metabolic homeostasis and potentiate chronic inflammation, due to intestinal leakage or release of a diverse range of microbial metabolites. The obesity-associated shifts in gut microbial diversity worsen the triglyceride and cholesterol level that regulates adipogenesis, lipolysis, and fatty acid oxidation. Moreover, an intricate interaction of the gut-brain axis coupled with the altered microbiome profile and microbiome-derived metabolites disrupt bidirectional communication for instigating insulin resistance. Furthermore, a distinct microbial community within visceral adipose tissue is associated with its dysfunction in obese T2D individuals. The specific bacterial signature was found in the mesenteric adipose tissue of T2D patients. Recently, it has been shown that in Crohn's disease, the gut-derived bacterium Clostridium innocuum translocated to the mesenteric adipose tissue and modulates its function by inducing M2 macrophage polarization, increasing adipogenesis, and promoting microbial surveillance. Considering these facts, modulation of microbiota in the gut and adipose tissue could serve as one of the contemporary approaches to manage T2D by using prebiotics, probiotics, or faecal microbial transplantation. Altogether, this review consolidates the current knowledge on gut and adipose tissue dysbiosis and its role in the development and progression of obesity-induced T2D. It emphasizes the significance of the gut microbiota and its metabolites as well as the alteration of adipose tissue microbiome profile for promoting adipose tissue dysfunction, and identifying novel therapeutic strategies, providing valuable insights and directions for future research and potential clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debarun Patra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Punjab, Punjab, India
| | - Dipanjan Banerjee
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Napaam, Assam, India
| | - Palla Ramprasad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Punjab, Punjab, India
| | - Soumyajit Roy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Punjab, Punjab, India
| | - Durba Pal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Punjab, Punjab, India
| | - Suman Dasgupta
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Napaam, Assam, India
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24
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Jun YK, Yoon HT, Kwon SH, Jo UH, Kim JE, Han YM, Kim MS, Im JP, Lee DH, Kim JS, Koh SJ, Park H. Regulation of psoriasis, colitis, and the intestinal microbiota by clusterin. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15405. [PMID: 37717073 PMCID: PMC10505212 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42019-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis, a chronic and systemic inflammatory disorder characterized by activation of the interleukin (IL)-23/IL-17 axis, may be associated with the intestinal microbiota through the so-called "gut-skin axis." Clusterin is a glycoprotein ubiquitously distributed in mammalian tissues; however, its role in psoriasis is unclear. Therefore, we evaluated the role of clusterin in psoriatic skin inflammation, systemic inflammation, and colitis using a murine model of IMQ-induced psoriasis. In IMQ-treated clusterin-knockout (clusterin-/-) mice, the expressions of inflammatory cytokines in clusterin-silenced human keratinocytes and intestinal microbial composition were analyzed. We also examined clusterin expression in the skin tissues of patients with psoriasis. IMQ-induced psoriatic skin inflammation is suppressed in clusterin-/- mice. Long-term administration of IMQ induced systemic inflammation and colitis; however, both were alleviated by the genetic deletion of clusterin. Genetic silencing of clusterin in human keratinocytes inhibited the production of inflammatory cytokines involved in the initiation and progression of psoriasis. The composition of the intestinal microbiota in IMQ-treated clusterin-/- and wild-type mice was different. Genetic deletion of clusterin suppressed the increase in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio. Skin tissues of patients with psoriasis showed high clusterin expression. In conclusion, inhibition of clusterin decreased psoriatic skin inflammation, systemic inflammation, colitis, and altered the F/B ratio in an IMQ-induced murine psoriasis model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Kyung Jun
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Laboratory of Intestinal Mucosa and Skin Immunology, Liver Research Institute and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Tae Yoon
- Laboratory of Intestinal Mucosa and Skin Immunology, Liver Research Institute and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - So Hyun Kwon
- Laboratory of Intestinal Mucosa and Skin Immunology, Liver Research Institute and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ui Hyeon Jo
- Department of Dermatology, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Eun Kim
- Department of Pathology, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoo Min Han
- Laboratory of Intestinal Mucosa and Skin Immunology, Liver Research Institute and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Seon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Pil Im
- Laboratory of Intestinal Mucosa and Skin Immunology, Liver Research Institute and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Ho Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Joo Sung Kim
- Laboratory of Intestinal Mucosa and Skin Immunology, Liver Research Institute and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong-Joon Koh
- Laboratory of Intestinal Mucosa and Skin Immunology, Liver Research Institute and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Hyunsun Park
- Laboratory of Intestinal Mucosa and Skin Immunology, Liver Research Institute and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- Department of Dermatology, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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25
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Liang W, Feng Y, Yang D, Qin J, Zhi X, Wu W, Jie Q. Oral probiotics increased the proportion of Treg, Tfr, and Breg cells to inhibit the inflammatory response and impede gestational diabetes mellitus. Mol Med 2023; 29:122. [PMID: 37684563 PMCID: PMC10492300 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00716-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are more prone to acquire type 2 diabetes and obesity as adults. Due to this link, early intervention strategies that alter the gut microbiome may benefit the mother and kid long-term. This work uses metagenomic and transcriptome sequencing to investigate how probiotics affect gut microbiota dysbiosis and inflammation in GDM. METHODS GDM and control metagenomic sequencing data were obtained from the SRA database. This metagenomic data helped us understand gut microbiota abundance and function. KEGG detected and extracted functional pathway genes. Transcriptome sequencing data evaluated GDM-related gene expression. Finally, GDM animal models were given probiotics orally to evaluate inflammatory response, regulatory immune cell fractions, and leptin protein levels. RESULTS GDM patients had more Fusobacteria and Firmicutes, while healthy people had more Bacteroidetes. Gut microbiota composition may affect GDM by altering the L-aspartate and L-asparagine super pathways. Mannan degradation and the super pathway of L-aspartate and L-asparagine synthesis enhanced in GDM mice with leptin protein overexpression. Oral probiotics prevent GDM by lowering leptin. Oral probiotics increased Treg, Tfr, and Breg cells, which decreased TNF-α and IL-6 and increased TGF-β and IL-10, preventing inflammation and preserving mouse pregnancy. CONCLUSION Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota may increase leptin expression and cause GDM. Oral probiotics enhance Treg, Tfr, and Breg cells, which limit the inflammatory response and assist mice in sustaining normal pregnancy. Thus, oral probiotics may prevent GDM, enabling targeted gut microbiota modulation and maternal and fetal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Liang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute (East Zone), Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, No. 3, Chanchugang, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
- Department of Cardiology, Panyu Central Hospital, Cardiovascular Institute of Panyu District, No. 8, Fuyu East Road, Qiaonan Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511400, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyi Feng
- Department of Geriatrics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital (Nanshan Hospital), Shenzhen, 518052, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Yang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute (East Zone), Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, No. 3, Chanchugang, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajun Qin
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute (East Zone), Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, No. 3, Chanchugang, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ximei Zhi
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute (East Zone), Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, No. 3, Chanchugang, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Wu
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute (East Zone), Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, No. 3, Chanchugang, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiang Jie
- Department of Cardiology, Panyu Central Hospital, Cardiovascular Institute of Panyu District, No. 8, Fuyu East Road, Qiaonan Street, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511400, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
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26
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Gao K, Ren X, Chen C, Fan Q, Li Y, Wang H, Chen S. Oral administration of Bifidobacterium longum WHH2270 ameliorates type 2 diabetes in rats. J Food Sci 2023; 88:3967-3983. [PMID: 37548634 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that specific probiotic strains exert hypoglycemic effects on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and probiotic strains within Bifidobacterium exhibit potential beneficial effects on T2DM. In this study, α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of 14 Bifidobacterium strains were assessed in vitro. The hypoglycemic effects of Bifidobacterium longum WHH2270 with high α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (42.03%) were then investigated in a high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced T2DM rat model. Oral administration of WHH2270 (4 × 109 CFU/kg/day) for 8 weeks significantly reversed the reduced body weight and ameliorated the levels of fasting blood glucose, serum triglyceride, serum total cholesterol, glucose tolerance, and insulin resistance in T2DM rats. Using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing of feces, WHH2270 was revealed to reshape the gut microbiome composition by increasing the abundances of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium and decreasing the abundances of UCG_005, Clostridium, and Faecalibacterium in T2DM rats. Besides, the fecal levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) including acetate, propionate, and butyrate were also elevated after WHH2270 administration. Moreover, the gene expressions of SCFA receptors FFAR2 and FFAR3 in the colon and pancreas of T2DM rats were restored by WHH2270 administration, accompanied by increased levels of serum acetate. In summary, these results provide evidence that WHH2270 has the potential to improve T2DM symptoms by alleviating hyperglycemia, which was associated with changes in the gut microbiome composition and SCFA production. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Bifidobacterium longum WHH2270 with high α-glucosidase inhibitory activity may serve as a promising hypoglycemic agent for the treatment of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Gao
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- College of Animal Science, MOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xueliang Ren
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Cailing Chen
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qiuling Fan
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yanjun Li
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Haifeng Wang
- College of Animal Science, MOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Su Chen
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, P. R. China
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27
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Li H, Li C. Causal relationship between gut microbiota and type 2 diabetes: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1184734. [PMID: 37692402 PMCID: PMC10483233 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1184734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Studies showed that development of gut microbial dysbiosis has a close association with type 2 diabetes (T2D). It is not yet clear if there is a causal relationship between gut microbiota and T2D. Methods The data collected from the published genome-wide association studies (GWASs) on gut microbiota and T2D were analyzed. Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed to identify causal relationship between bacterial taxa and T2D. Significant bacterial taxa were further analyzed. To confirm the findings' robustness, we performed sensitivity, heterogeneity, and pleiotropy analyses. A reverse MR analysis was also performed to check for potential reverse causation. Results By combining the findings of all the MR steps, we identified six causal bacterial taxa, namely, Lachnoclostridium, Oscillospira, Roseburia, Ruminococcaceae UCG003, Ruminococcaceae UCG010 and Streptococcus. The risk of T2D might be positively associated with a high relative abundance of Lachnoclostridium, Roseburia and Streptococcus but negatively associated with Oscillospira, Ruminococcaceae UCG003 and Ruminococcaceae UCG010. The results of MR analyses revealed that there were causal relationships between the six different genera and T2D. And the reverse MR analysis did not reveal any evidence of a reverse causality. Conclusion This study implied that Lachnoclostridium, Roseburia and Streptococcus might have anti-protective effect on T2D, whereas Oscillospira, Ruminococcaceae UCG003 and Ruminococcaceae UCG010 genera might have protective effect on T2D. Our study revealed that there was a causal relationship between specific gut microbiota genera and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanjing Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Candong Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Status Identification, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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28
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Gravdal K, Kirste KH, Grzelak K, Kirubakaran GT, Leissner P, Saliou A, Casèn C. Exploring the gut microbiota in patients with pre-diabetes and treatment naïve diabetes type 2 - a pilot study. BMC Endocr Disord 2023; 23:179. [PMID: 37605183 PMCID: PMC10440924 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-023-01432-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compared to their healthy counterparts, patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) can exhibit an altered gut microbiota composition, correlated with detrimental outcomes, including reduced insulin sensitivity, dyslipidemia, and increased markers of inflammation. However, a typical T2D microbiota profile is not established. The aim of this pilot study was to explore the gut microbiota and bacteria associated with prediabetes (pre-T2D) patients, and treatment naïve T2D patients, compared to healthy subjects. METHODS Fecal samples were collected from patients and healthy subjects (from Norway). The bacterial genomic DNA was extracted, and the microbiota analyzed utilizing the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. To secure a broad coverage of potential T2D associated bacteria, two technologies were used: The GA-map® 131-plex, utilizing 131 DNA probes complementary to pre-selected bacterial targets (covering the 16S regions V3-V9), and the LUMI-Seq™ platform, a full-length 16S sequencing technology (V1-V9). Variations in the gut microbiota between groups were explored using multivariate methods, differential bacterial abundance was estimated, and microbiota signatures discriminating the groups were assessed using classification models. RESULTS In total, 24 pre-T2D patients, 18 T2D patients, and 52 healthy subjects were recruited. From the LUMI-Seq™ analysis, 10 and 9 bacterial taxa were differentially abundant between pre-T2D and healthy, and T2D and healthy, respectively. From the GA-map® 131-plex analysis, 10 bacterial markers were differentially abundant when comparing pre-T2D and healthy. Several of the bacteria were short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) producers or typical opportunistic bacteria. Bacteria with similar function or associated properties also contributed to the separation of pre-T2D and T2D from healthy as found by classification models. However, limited overlap was found for specific bacterial genera and species. CONCLUSIONS This pilot study revealed that differences in the abundance of SCFA producing bacteria, and an increase in typical opportunistic bacteria, may contribute to the variations in the microbiota separating the pre-T2D and T2D patients from healthy subjects. However, further efforts in investigating the relationship between gut microbiota, diabetes, and associated factors such as BMI, are needed for developing specific diabetes microbiota signatures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Philippe Leissner
- BIOASTER Microbiology Technology Institute, 40 Avenue Tony Garnier, 69007, Lyon, France
| | - Adrien Saliou
- BIOASTER Microbiology Technology Institute, 40 Avenue Tony Garnier, 69007, Lyon, France
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Mathrani A, Yip W, Sequeira-Bisson IR, Barnett D, Stevenson O, Taylor MW, Poppitt SD. Effect of a 12-Week Polyphenol Rutin Intervention on Markers of Pancreatic β-Cell Function and Gut Microbiota in Adults with Overweight without Diabetes. Nutrients 2023; 15:3360. [PMID: 37571297 PMCID: PMC10420824 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Supplementation with prebiotic polyphenol rutin is a potential dietary therapy for type 2 diabetes prevention in adults with obesity, based on previous glycaemic improvement in transgenic mouse models. Gut microbiota are hypothesised to underpin these effects. We investigated the effect of rutin supplementation on pancreatic β-cell function measured as C-peptide/glucose ratio, and 16S rRNA gene-based gut microbiota profiles, in a cohort of individuals with overweight plus normoglycaemia or prediabetes. Eighty-seven participants were enrolled, aged 18-65 years with BMI of 23-35 kg/m2. This was a 12-week double-blind randomised controlled trial (RCT), with 3 treatments comprising (i) placebo control, (ii) 500 mg/day encapsulated rutin, and (iii) 500 mg/day rutin-supplemented yoghurt. A 2-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed at baseline and at the end of the trial, with faecal samples also collected. Compliance with treatment was high (~90%), but rutin in both capsule and dietary format did not alter pancreatic β-cell response to OGTT over 12 weeks. Gut bacterial community composition also did not significantly change, with Firmicutes dominating irrespective of treatment. Fasting plasma glucose negatively correlated with the abundance of the butyrate producer Roseburia inulinivorans, known for its anti-inflammatory capacity. This is the first RCT to investigate postprandial pancreatic β-cell function in response to rutin supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akarsh Mathrani
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (A.M.); (W.Y.); (I.R.S.-B.)
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Wilson Yip
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (A.M.); (W.Y.); (I.R.S.-B.)
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Human Nutrition Unit, University of Auckland, Auckland 1024, New Zealand
| | - Ivana R. Sequeira-Bisson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (A.M.); (W.Y.); (I.R.S.-B.)
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Human Nutrition Unit, University of Auckland, Auckland 1024, New Zealand
| | - Daniel Barnett
- Department of Statistics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (D.B.); (O.S.)
| | - Oliver Stevenson
- Department of Statistics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (D.B.); (O.S.)
| | - Michael W. Taylor
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (A.M.); (W.Y.); (I.R.S.-B.)
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Sally D. Poppitt
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (A.M.); (W.Y.); (I.R.S.-B.)
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Human Nutrition Unit, University of Auckland, Auckland 1024, New Zealand
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
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Niño-Narvión J, Rojo-López MI, Martinez-Santos P, Rossell J, Ruiz-Alcaraz AJ, Alonso N, Ramos-Molina B, Mauricio D, Julve J. NAD+ Precursors and Intestinal Inflammation: Therapeutic Insights Involving Gut Microbiota. Nutrients 2023; 15:2992. [PMID: 37447318 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The oxidized form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a critical metabolite for living cells. NAD+ may act either as a cofactor for many cellular reactions as well as a coenzyme for different NAD+-consuming enzymes involved in the physiological homeostasis of different organs and systems. In mammals, NAD+ is synthesized from either tryptophan or other vitamin B3 intermediates that act as NAD+ precursors. Recent research suggests that NAD+ precursors play a crucial role in maintaining the integrity of the gut barrier. Indeed, its deficiency has been associated with enhanced gut inflammation and leakage, and dysbiosis. Conversely, NAD+-increasing therapies may confer protection against intestinal inflammation in experimental conditions and human patients, with accumulating evidence indicating that such favorable effects could be, at least in part, mediated by concomitant changes in the composition of intestinal microbiota. However, the mechanisms by which NAD+-based treatments affect the microbiota are still poorly understood. In this context, we have focused specifically on the impact of NAD+ deficiency on intestinal inflammation and dysbiosis in animal and human models. We have further explored the relationship between NAD+ and improved host intestinal metabolism and immunity and the composition of microbiota in vivo. Overall, this comprehensive review aims to provide a new perspective on the effect of NAD+-increasing strategies on host intestinal physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Niño-Narvión
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Grupo de Obesidad y Metabolismo, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular B e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia (UMU), 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | | | | | - Joana Rossell
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio J Ruiz-Alcaraz
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular B e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia (UMU), 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Núria Alonso
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Bruno Ramos-Molina
- Grupo de Obesidad y Metabolismo, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Didac Mauricio
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic/Central University of Catalonia (UVIC/UCC), 08500 Vic, Spain
| | - Josep Julve
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
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Van Pee T, Nawrot TS, van Leeuwen R, Hogervorst J. Ambient particulate air pollution and the intestinal microbiome; a systematic review of epidemiological, in vivo and, in vitro studies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 878:162769. [PMID: 36907413 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
A healthy indigenous intestinal microbiome is indispensable for intra- and extra-intestinal human health. Since well-established factors such as diet and antibiotic use only explain 16 % of the inter-individual variation in gut microbiome composition, recent studies have focused on the association between ambient particulate air pollution and the intestinal microbiome. We systematically summarize and discuss all evidence concerning the effect of particulate air pollution on intestinal bacterial diversity indices, specific bacterial taxa, and potential underlying intestinal mechanisms. To this end, all possibly relevant publications published between February 1982 and January 2023 were screened, and eventually, 48 articles were included. The vast majority (n = 35) of these studies were animal studies. The exposure periods investigated in the human epidemiological studies (n = 12) ranged from infancy through elderly. This systematic review found that intestinal microbiome diversity indices were generally negatively associated with particulate air pollution in epidemiological studies, with an increase in taxa belonging to Bacteroidetes (two studies), Deferribacterota (one study), and Proteobacteria (four studies), a decrease in taxa belonging to Verrucomicrobiota (one study), and no consensus for taxa belonging to Actinobacteria (six studies) and Firmicutes (seven studies). There was no unequivocal effect of ambient particulate air pollution exposure on bacterial indices and taxa in animal studies. Only one study in humans examined a possible underlying mechanism; yet, the included in vitro and animal studies depicted higher gut damage, inflammation, oxidative stress, and permeability in exposed versus unexposed animals. Overall, the population-based studies showed a dose-related continuum of short- and long-term ambient particulate air pollution exposure on lower gut diversity and shifts in taxa over the entire life course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thessa Van Pee
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leuven University, Herestraat 49-box 706, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Romy van Leeuwen
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Janneke Hogervorst
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
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Burmeister MA, Smith TE, Fincher TK, Weldon AJ. Evidence for proton-pump inhibitor (PPI)-associated dysbiosis in metabolically unhealthy obesity. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1205490. [PMID: 37396171 PMCID: PMC10308999 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1205490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity adversely impacts millions of American adults by predisposing them to significant health risks and further complications. Obesity is differentiated into two groups: metabolically healthy and metabolically unhealthy. In contrast to metabolically healthy counterparts, obese individuals who are metabolically unhealthy display hallmark symptoms of metabolic syndrome (e.g., hypertension, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, abdominal obesity). Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) commonly occurs in all obese populations, as do poor dietary habits. Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs), due to their wide availability, are most often used to treat GERD-related heartburn and other symptoms. Here, we review the evidence on how poor diet as well as short- and long-term use of PPIs adversely affect the gastrointestinal microbiota to cause dysbiosis. Key components of dysbiosis-induced metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) associated with PPI use include "leaky gut," systemic low-grade inflammation, and reduced amounts of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) such as butyrate that promote metabolic health. The benefit of using probiotics to mitigate PPI-induced dysbiosis and MUO is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A. Burmeister
- William Carey University School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biloxi, MS, United States
| | - Tara E. Smith
- William Carey University Department of Pharmacy Practice, Biloxi, MS, United States
| | - Timothy K. Fincher
- William Carey University School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biloxi, MS, United States
| | - Abby J. Weldon
- William Carey University School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biloxi, MS, United States
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Zhao G, Xie L, Wu Y, Wang B, Teng W, Sun Z, Kao Q, Liu W, Pi X, Ma H. Effects of urbanization and lifestyle habits on the intestinal microbiota of adolescents in eastern China. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:989303. [PMID: 37378282 PMCID: PMC10291051 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.989303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Owing to urbanization, living habits have changed widely, leading to alterations in the intestinal microbiota of urban residents. However, there are few studies on the characteristics of intestinal microbiota of adolescents living in different urbanized areas in China. Methods A total of 302 fecal samples collected from adolescent students in eastern China were examined. 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing was used to identify the fecal microbiota. These data were combined with questionnaire survey results to investigate the effect of urbanization on the intestinal microbiota of adolescents in eastern China. Moreover, the role of lifestyle habits in this relationship was also evaluated. Results The results revealed significant differences in the structure of the intestinal microbiota among adolescents living in regions with different levels of urbanization. Adolescents living in urban regions had a significantly higher proportion of Bacteroides (p < 0.001, FDR = 0.004), whereas those living in towns and rural regions had higher proportions of Bifidobacterium (p < 0.001, FDR < 0.001) and Prevotella (p < 0.05, FDR = 0.019). The diversity of the intestinal microbiota was higher in urban residents than in adolescents living in towns and rural regions (p < 0.05). In addition, the differences in intestinal microbiota across individuals living in cities, towns, and rural regions were related to dietary preferences, flavor preferences, and sleep and exercise durations. Adolescents who ate more meat had more Dorea (LDA = 3.622, p = 0.04), while the abundance of Escherichia-Shigella is higher among adolescents who ate more condiments (LDA = 4.285, p = 0.02). The abundance of Dialister was significantly increased in adolescents with longer sleep durations (LDA = 4.066, p = 0.03). Adolescents who exercised for a long duration had more Faecalibacterium than those who exercised for a shorter duration (LDA = 4.303, p = 0.04). Discussion Our research has preliminarily demonstrated that there were differences in the composition of Gut microbiome in stool samples of adolescents living in different urbanized areas, and provide a scientific basis for the maintenance of a healthy intentional microbota in adolescences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Zhao
- Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu Xie
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weilin Teng
- Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhou Sun
- Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingjun Kao
- Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xionge Pi
- Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Ma
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
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Liu J, Zhou L, Sun L, Ye X, Ma M, Dou M, Shi L. Association Between Intestinal Prevotella copri Abundance and Glycemic Fluctuation in Patients with Brittle Diabetes. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2023; 16:1613-1621. [PMID: 37292141 PMCID: PMC10246570 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s412872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Previous studies have demonstrated an association between gut microbiota composition and non-brittle type 2 diabetes (NBT2DM) pathogenesis. However, little is known about the correlation between the abundance of intestinal Prevotella copri and glycemic fluctuations in patients with brittle diabetes mellitus (BDM). In this context, we conducted a case-control study of BDM patients and patients with NBT2DM, aiming to determine and analyze the relationship between the abundance of intestinal Prevotella copri and glycemic fluctuations in patients with BDM. Research Design and methods We performed a metagenomic analysis of the gut microbiome obtained from fecal samples of 10 BDM patients, and compared their microbial composition and function to NBT2DM patients (1:1 ratio). Then further collected data including age, sex, BMI, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), blood lipids, and alpha diversity of the gut microbiota, which were comparable between the BDM and NBT2DM patients by t-test. Results A significant difference existed in the beta diversity of the gut microbiota between the two groups (PCoA, R2 = 0.254, P = 0.0001). The phylum-level abundance of Bacteroidetes in the gut microbiota of the BDM patients was significantly lower, by 24.9% (P = 0.001), than that of the NBT2DM patients. At the gene level, the abundance of Prevotella copri was obviously reduced, Correlation analysis showed that the Prevotella copri abundance was inversely correlated to the standard deviation of blood glucose (SDBG) (r = -0.477, P = 0.034). Quantitative PCR confirmed that the abundance of Prevotella copri in the BDM patients in the validation cohort was significantly lower than that in NBT2DM patients, and was negatively correlated with SDBG (r = -0.318, P = 0.043). Glycemic variability in BDM was inversely correlated with the abundance of intestinal Prevotella copri. Conclusion The decreased abundance of Prevotella copri in patients with BDM may be associated with glycemic fluctuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lili Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinhua Ye
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, People’s Republic of China
| | - Menglu Ma
- Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Dou
- Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, People’s Republic of China
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Rasouli-Saravani A, Jahankhani K, Moradi S, Gorgani M, Shafaghat Z, Mirsanei Z, Mehmandar A, Mirzaei R. Role of microbiota short-chain fatty acid chains in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114620. [PMID: 37004324 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
There is emerging evidence that microbiota and its metabolites play an important role in helath and diseases. In this regard, gut microbiota has been found as a crucial component that influences immune responses as well as immune-related disorders such as autoimmune diseases. Gut bacterial dysbiosis has been shown to cause disease and altered microbiota metabolite synthesis, leading to immunological and metabolic dysregulation. Of note, microbiota in the gut produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) such as acetate, butyrate, and propionate, and remodeling in these microbiota metabolites has been linked to the pathophysiology of a number of autoimmune disorders such as type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, celiac disease, and systemic lupus erythematosus. In this review, we will address the most recent findings from the most noteworthy studies investigating the impact of microbiota SCFAs on various autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashkan Rasouli-Saravani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kasra Jahankhani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shadi Moradi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Melika Gorgani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Shafaghat
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Mirsanei
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirreza Mehmandar
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Mirzaei
- Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Lab, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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Zhang J, Luo Y, Feng S, Sun W, Li S, Kong L. Effects of liposoluble components of highland barley spent grains on physiological indexes, intestinal microorganisms, and the liver transcriptome in mice fed a high-fat diet. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:3096-3110. [PMID: 37324893 PMCID: PMC10261781 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the active ingredients of barley lees on the physiological indexes, intestinal flora, and liver transcriptome of mice fed a high-fat diet. Twenty-four male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 4 groups and fed the experimental diets for 5 weeks. The results showed that the fat-soluble components of distillers' grains significantly reduced body weight, abdominal fat, perirenal fat, blood glucose, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and total cholesterol in the high-fat diet-fed mice (p < .05), significantly decreased alanine aminotransferase and malondialdehyde levels, and significantly increased total superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione and glutathione peroxidase levels (p < .05). At the phylum level, lipid-soluble components significantly increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and decreased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. At the genus level, the relative abundances of Bacteroidetes and Clostridium were increased. Transcriptomic analysis showed that lipid-soluble components of spent grains reduced the mRNA expression of ANGPTL8, CD36, PLTP, and SOAT1 and increased the mRNA expression of CYP7A1 and ABCA1 in the cholesterol metabolism pathway, promoted the transport of cholesterol, and inhibited the absorption of cholesterol, which can decrease cholesterol levels by speeding up the conversion of cholesterol into bile acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Zhang
- College of Agriculture and Animal HusbandryQinghai UniversityQinghaiChina
| | - Yihao Luo
- College of Agriculture and Animal HusbandryQinghai UniversityQinghaiChina
| | - Shengbao Feng
- Qinghai Huzhu TianYouDe Highland Barley Spirit Co., Ltd.QinghaiChina
| | - Wancheng Sun
- College of Agriculture and Animal HusbandryQinghai UniversityQinghaiChina
| | - Shanwen Li
- Qinghai Huzhu TianYouDe Highland Barley Spirit Co., Ltd.QinghaiChina
| | - Lingwu Kong
- Qinghai Huzhu TianYouDe Highland Barley Spirit Co., Ltd.QinghaiChina
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Petakh P, Oksenych V, Kamyshnyi A. The F/B ratio as a biomarker for inflammation in COVID-19 and T2D: Impact of metformin. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114892. [PMID: 37196542 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The pandemic of COVID-19 has highlighted the intricate relationship between gut microbiome and overall health. Recent studies have shown that the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in the gut microbiome may be linked to various diseases including COVID-19 and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Understanding the link between gut microbiome and these diseases is essential for developing strategies for prevention and treatment. In this study, 115 participants were recruited and divided into three groups: 1st group: T2D patients and healthy controls, 2nd group: COVID-19 patients with and without T2D, 3rd group: T2D patients with COVID-19 treated with or without metformin. Gut microbial composition at the phylum level was assessed using qRT-PCR with universal primers targeting the bacterial 16 S rRNA gene and specific primers for Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. Data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA, logistic regression, and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. The study found that the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (F/B) was higher in patients with both T2D and COVID-19 compared to those with only T2D or COVID-19. Additionally, the F/B ratio was positively correlated with C-reactive protein (CRP) in T2D and COVID-19 patients. The study also suggests that metformin treatment may affect this correlation. Logistic regression analysis showed that the F/B ratio was significantly associated with CRP. These findings suggest that the F/B ratio may be a potential biomarker for inflammation in T2D and COVID-19 patients and metformin treatment may have an effect on the correlation between F/B and CRP levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlo Petakh
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, Ukraine; Department of Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine.
| | - Valentyn Oksenych
- Institute of Clinical Medicine (Klinmed), University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Aleksandr Kamyshnyi
- Department of Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine.
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38
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Susmitha G, Kumar R. Role of microbial dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Neuropharmacology 2023; 229:109478. [PMID: 36871788 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia in the elderly and detected during the advanced stages where the chances of reversal are minimum. The gut-brain axis mediates a bidirectional communication between the gut and brain, which is dependent on bacterial products such as short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and neurotransmitters. Accumulating lines of evidence suggests that AD is associated with significant alteration in the composition of gut microbiota. Furthermore, transfer of gut microbiota from healthy individuals to patients can reshape the gut microbiota structure and thus holds the potential to be exploited for the treatment of various neurodegenerative disease. Moreover, AD-associated gut dysbiosis can be partially reversed by using probiotics, prebiotics, natural compounds and dietary modifications, but need further validations. Reversal of AD associated gut dysbiosis alleviate AD-associated pathological feature and therefore can be explored as a therapeutic approach in the future. The current review article will describe various studies suggesting that AD dysbiosis occurs with AD and highlights the causal role by focussing on the interventions that hold the potential to reverse the gut dysbiosis partially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gudimetla Susmitha
- Department of Biotechnology, GITAM Institute of Sciences, GITAM (Deemed to be) University, Vishakhapatnam, India
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, GITAM Institute of Sciences, GITAM (Deemed to be) University, Vishakhapatnam, India.
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Wang H, Shen Q, Zhang F, Fu Y, Zhu Y, Zhao L, Wang C, Zhao Q. Heat-treated foxtail millet protein delayed the development of pre-diabetes to diabetes in mice by altering gut microbiota and metabolomic profiles. Food Funct 2023; 14:4866-4880. [PMID: 37133422 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo00294b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Millet protein has gained much attention for its beneficial effects in mitigating metabolic diseases. However, most individuals pass through a prediabetic phase before developing full-blown diabetes, and whether millet protein has hypoglycemic effects on prediabetic mice remains unclear. In the present study, heat-treated foxtail millet protein (HMP) supplementation significantly decreased fasting blood glucose and serum insulin levels, alleviated insulin resistance, and improved impaired glucose tolerance in prediabetic mice. In addition, HMP altered the intestinal flora composition, as evidenced by the reduction in the abundance of Dubosiella and Marvinbryantia and the increase in the content of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and norank_f_Erysipelotrichaceae. Moreover, HMP supplementation dramatically regulated the levels of serum metabolites (i.e., LysoPCs, 11,14,17-eicosatrienoic acid, and sphingosine) and related metabolic pathways, such as sphingolipid metabolism and pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis. In conclusion, the improvement of gut microbiota and serum metabolic profiles was related to the hypoglycemic potential of HMP in prediabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, National Center of Technology Innovation (Deep Processing of Highland Barley) in Food Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Qun Shen
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, National Center of Technology Innovation (Deep Processing of Highland Barley) in Food Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Fan Zhang
- Beijing Industrial Technology Research Institute Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Yongxia Fu
- Shanxi Institute for Functional Food, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yiqing Zhu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, National Center of Technology Innovation (Deep Processing of Highland Barley) in Food Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Liangxing Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, National Center of Technology Innovation (Deep Processing of Highland Barley) in Food Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, National Center of Technology Innovation (Deep Processing of Highland Barley) in Food Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Qingyu Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, National Center of Technology Innovation (Deep Processing of Highland Barley) in Food Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China.
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Al-Ishaq RK, Samuel SM, Büsselberg D. The Influence of Gut Microbial Species on Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098118. [PMID: 37175825 PMCID: PMC10179351 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder with an alarming incidence rate and a considerable burden on the patient's life and health care providers. An increase in blood glucose level and insulin resistance characterizes it. Internal and external factors such as urbanization, obesity, and genetic mutations could increase the risk of DM. Microbes in the gut influence overall health through immunity and nutrition. Recently, more studies have been conducted to evaluate and estimate the role of the gut microbiome in diabetes development, progression, and management. This review summarizes the current knowledge addressing three main bacterial species: Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bifidobacterium bifidum, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus and their influence on diabetes and its underlying molecular mechanisms. Most studies illustrate that using those bacterial species positively reduces blood glucose levels and activates inflammatory markers. Additionally, we reported the relationship between those bacterial species and metformin, one of the commonly used antidiabetic drugs. Overall, more research is needed to understand the influence of the gut microbiome on the development of diabetes. Furthermore, more efforts are required to standardize the model used, concentration ranges, and interpretation tools to advance the field further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghad Khalid Al-Ishaq
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar
| | - Samson Mathews Samuel
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar
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MIRMOHAMMADALI SN, ROSENKRANZ SK. Dietary phytochemicals, gut microbiota composition, and health outcomes in human and animal models. BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA, FOOD AND HEALTH 2023; 42:152-171. [PMID: 37404568 PMCID: PMC10315191 DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.2022-078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
The role of the composition of the gut microbiota on human health is not well understood. However, during the past decade, an increased emphasis has been placed on the influence of the impact of nutrition on the composition of gut microbiota and how the gut microbiota affects human health. The current review focuses on the role of some of the most studied phytochemicals on the composition of the gut microbiota. First, the review highlights the state of the research evidence regarding dietary phytochemical consumption and gut microbiota composition, including the influence of phytochemicals such as polyphenols, glucosinolates, flavonoids, and sterols that are present in vegetables, nuts, beans, and other foods. Second, the review identifies changes in health outcomes with altered gut microbiota composition, in both animal and human model studies. Third, the review highlights research that includes both associations between dietary phytochemical consumption and gut microbiota composition, and associations between the gut microbiota composition and health outcomes, in order to elucidate the role of the gut microbiota in the relationship between dietary phytochemical consumption and health outcomes in humans and animals. The current review indicated that phytochemicals can beneficially alter gut microbiota composition and decrease the risk for some diseases, such as cancers, and improve some cardiovascular and metabolic risk biomarkers. There is an urgent demand for high-quality studies that determine the relationships between the consumption of phytochemicals and health outcomes, examining gut microbiota as a moderator or mediator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Nooshan MIRMOHAMMADALI
- Department of Food, Nutrition, Dietetics and Health, Kansas
State University, 110 Anderson Hall, 919 Mid-Campus Drive North, Manhattan, KS 66506-0110,
USA
| | - Sara K. ROSENKRANZ
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University
of Nevada Las Vegas, 4505 S. Maryland Pkwy, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA
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Rahman T, Sarwar PF, Potter C, Comstock SS, Klepac-Ceraj V. Role of human milk oligosaccharide metabolizing bacteria in the development of atopic dermatitis/eczema. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1090048. [PMID: 37020647 PMCID: PMC10069630 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1090048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite affecting up to 20% of infants in the United States, there is no cure for atopic dermatitis (AD), also known as eczema. Atopy usually manifests during the first six months of an infant's life and is one predictor of later allergic health problems. A diet of human milk may offer protection against developing atopic dermatitis. One milk component, human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), plays an important role as a prebiotic in establishing the infant gut microbiome and has immunomodulatory effects on the infant immune system. The purpose of this review is to summarize the available information about bacterial members of the intestinal microbiota capable of metabolizing HMOs, the bacterial genes or metabolic products present in the intestinal tract during early life, and the relationship of these genes and metabolic products to the development of AD/eczema in infants. We find that specific HMO metabolism gene sets and the metabolites produced by HMO metabolizing bacteria may enable the protective role of human milk against the development of atopy because of interactions with the immune system. We also identify areas for additional research to further elucidate the relationship between the human milk metabolizing bacteria and atopy. Detailed metagenomic studies of the infant gut microbiota and its associated metabolomes are essential for characterizing the potential impact of human milk-feeding on the development of atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trisha Rahman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA, United States
| | - Prioty F. Sarwar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA, United States
| | - Cassie Potter
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA, United States
| | - Sarah S. Comstock
- Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Vanja Klepac-Ceraj
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA, United States
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Abenavoli L, Scarlata GGM, Scarpellini E, Boccuto L, Spagnuolo R, Tilocca B, Roncada P, Luzza F. Metabolic-Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease and Gut Microbiota: From Fatty Liver to Dysmetabolic Syndrome. Medicina (B Aires) 2023; 59:medicina59030594. [PMID: 36984595 PMCID: PMC10054528 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59030594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic-dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is the recent nomenclature designation that associates the condition of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with metabolic dysfunction. Its diagnosis has been debated in the recent period and is generally associated with a diagnosis of steatosis and at least one pathologic condition among overweight/obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and metabolic dysregulation. Its pathogenesis is defined by a “multiple-hit” model and is associated with alteration or dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. The pathogenic role of dysbiosis of the gut microbiota has been investigated in many diseases, including obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and NAFLD. However, only a few works correlate it with MAFLD, although common pathogenetic links to these diseases are suspected. This review underlines the most recurrent changes in the gut microbiota of patients with MAFLD, while also evidencing possible pathogenetic links.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovico Abenavoli
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0961-369-4387
| | | | - Emidio Scarpellini
- Translationeel Onderzoek van Gastro-enterologische Aandoeningen (T.A.R.G.I.D.), Gasthuisberg University Hospital, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Luigi Boccuto
- School of Nursing, Healthcare Genetics Program, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
- School of Health Research, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Rocco Spagnuolo
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Bruno Tilocca
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Paola Roncada
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Luzza
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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44
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Changes in the Microbiota and their Roles in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Curr Microbiol 2023; 80:132. [PMID: 36894807 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03219-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
An association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and gut microbiota is well established, but the results of related studies are inconsistent. The purpose of this investigation is to elucidate the characteristics of the gut microbiota in T2DM and non-diabetic subjects. Forty-five subjects were recruited for this study, including 29 T2DM patients and 16 non-diabetic subjects. Biochemical parameters, including body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), were analyzed and correlated with the gut microbiota. Bacterial community composition and diversity were detected in fecal samples using direct smear, sequencing, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In this study, it was observed that indicators such as BMI, FPG, HbA1c, TC, and TG in T2DM patients were on the rise, concurrent with dysbiosis of the microbiota. We observed an increase in Enterococci and a decrease in Bacteroides, Bifidobacteria, and Lactobacilli in patients with T2DM. Meanwhile, total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and D-lactate concentrations were decreased in the T2DM group. In addition, FPG was positively correlated with Enterococcus and negatively correlated with Bifidobacteria, Bacteroides, and Lactobacilli. This study reveals that microbiota dysbiosis is associated with disease severity in patients with T2DM. The limitation of this study is that only common bacteria were noted in this study, and more in-depth related studies are urgently needed.
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45
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Guimarães VHD, Marinho BM, Motta-Santos D, Mendes GDRL, Santos SHS. Nutritional implications in the mechanistic link between the intestinal microbiome, renin-angiotensin system, and the development of obesity and metabolic syndrome. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 113:109252. [PMID: 36509338 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and metabolic disorders represent a significant global health problem and the gut microbiota plays an important role in modulating systemic homeostasis. Recent evidence shows that microbiota and its signaling pathways may affect the whole metabolism and the Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS), which in turn seems to modify microbiota. The present review aimed to investigate nutritional implications in the mechanistic link between the intestinal microbiome, renin-angiotensin system, and the development of obesity and metabolic syndrome components. A description of metabolic changes was obtained based on relevant scientific literature. The molecular and physiological mechanisms that impact the human microbiome were addressed, including the gut microbiota associated with obesity, diabetes, and hepatic steatosis. The RAS interaction signaling and modulation were analyzed. Strategies including the use of prebiotics, symbiotics, probiotics, and biotechnology may affect the gut microbiota and its impact on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Hugo Dantas Guimarães
- Laboratory of Health Science, Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (Unimontes), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Barbhara Mota Marinho
- Laboratory of Health Science, Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (Unimontes), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daisy Motta-Santos
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Occupational Therapy - EEFFTO, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Gabriela da Rocha Lemos Mendes
- Food Engineering, Institute of Agricultural Sciences (ICA), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Henrique Sousa Santos
- Laboratory of Health Science, Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (Unimontes), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Food Engineering, Institute of Agricultural Sciences (ICA), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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46
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Sharma R, Singh S, Tewari N, Dey P. A toxic shrub turned therapeutic: The dichotomy of Nerium oleander bioactivities. Toxicon 2023; 224:107047. [PMID: 36706925 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Nerium oleander L. is a medicinal plant, used for the treatment of cancers and hyperglycemia across the world, especially in Indian sub-continent, Turkey, Morocco, and China. Although clinical studies supporting its pharmacological effects remain critically underexplored, accidental and intentional consumption of any part of the plant causes fatal toxicity in animals and humans. While the polyphenolic fraction of oleander leaves has been attributed to its pre-clinical pharmacological activities, the presence of diverse cardiac glycosides (especially oleandrin) causes apoptosis to cancer cells in vitro and results in clinical signs of oleander poisoning. Thus, the dual pharmacological and toxicological role of oleander is a perplexing dichotomy in phytotherapy. The current investigative review, therefore, intended to analyze the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that likely contribute to this conundrum. Especially by focusing on gut microbial diversity, abundance, and metabolic functions, oleander-associated pharmacological and toxicological studies have been critically analyzed to define the dual effects of oleander. Electronic databases were extensively screened for relevant research articles (including pre-clinical and clinical) related to oleander bioactivities and toxicity. Taxonomic preference was given to the plant N. oleander L. and synonymous plants as per 'The World Flora Online' database (WCSP record #135196). Discussion on yellow oleander (Cascabela thevetia (L.) Lippold) has intentionally been avoided since it is a different plant. The review indicates that the gut microbiota likely plays a key role in differentially modulating the pharmacological and toxicological effects of oleander. Other factors identified influencing the oleander bioactivities include dose and mode of treatment, cardiac glycoside pharmacokinetics, host-endogenous glycosides, plant material processing and phytochemical extraction methods, plant genotypic variations, environmental effects on the phytochemical quality and quantity, gene expression variations, host dietary patterns and co-morbidity, etc. The arguments proposed are also relevant to other medicinal plants containing toxic cardiac glycosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajat Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, India.
| | - Swati Singh
- Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal, Siliguri, West Bengal, India.
| | - Nisha Tewari
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, India.
| | - Priyankar Dey
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, India.
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Purdel C, Ungurianu A, Adam-Dima I, Margină D. Exploring the potential impact of probiotic use on drug metabolism and efficacy. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114468. [PMID: 36868015 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are frequently consumed as functional food and widely used as dietary supplements, but are also recommended in treating or preventing various gastrointestinal diseases. Therefore, their co-administration with other drugs is sometimes unavoidable or even compulsory. Recent technological developments in the pharmaceutical industry permitted the development of novel drug-delivery systems for probiotics, allowing their addition to the therapy of severely ill patients. Literature data regarding the changes that probiotics could impose on the efficacy or safety of chronic medication is scarce. In this context, the present paper aims to review probiotics currently recommended by the international medical community, to evaluate the relationship between gut microbiota and various pathologies with high impact worldwide and, most importantly, to assess the literature reports concerning the ability of probiotics to influence the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of some widely used drugs, especially for those with narrow therapeutic indexes. A better understanding of the potential influence of probiotics on drug metabolism, efficacy and safety could contribute to improving therapy management, facilitating individualized therapy and updating treatment guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Purdel
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Traian Vuia 6, Bucharest 020956, Romania
| | - Anca Ungurianu
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Traian Vuia 6, Bucharest 020956, Romania.
| | - Ines Adam-Dima
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Traian Vuia 6, Bucharest 020956, Romania
| | - Denisa Margină
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Traian Vuia 6, Bucharest 020956, Romania
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Microbiome Features Differentiating Unsupervised-Stratification-Based Clusters of Patients with Abnormal Glycometabolism. mBio 2023; 14:e0348722. [PMID: 36651735 PMCID: PMC9973283 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03487-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The alteration of gut microbiota structure plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of abnormal glycometabolism. However, the microbiome features identified in patient groups stratified solely based on glucose levels remain controversial among different studies. In this study, we stratified 258 participants (discovery cohort) into three clusters according to an unsupervised method based on 16 clinical parameters involving the levels of blood glucose, insulin, and lipid. We found 67 cluster-specific microbiome features (i.e., amplicon sequence variants [ASVs]) based on 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 region sequencing. Specifically, ASVs belonging to Barnesville and Alistipes were enriched in cluster 1, in which participants had the lowest blood glucose levels, high insulin sensitivity, and a high-fecal short-chain fatty acid concentration. ASVs belonging to Prevotella copri and Ruminococcus gnavus were enriched in cluster 2, which was characterized by a moderate level of blood glucose, serious insulin resistance, and high levels of cholesterol and triglyceride. Cluster 3 was characterized by a high level of blood glucose and insulin deficiency, enriched with ASVs in P. copri and Bacteroides vulgatus. In addition, machine learning classifiers using the 67 cluster-specific ASVs were used to distinguish individuals in one cluster from those in the other two clusters both in discovery and testing cohorts (n = 83). Therefore, microbiome features identified based on the unsupervised stratification of patients with more inclusive clinical parameters may better reflect microbiota alterations associated with the progression of abnormal glycometabolism. IMPORTANCE The gut microbiota is altered in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and prediabetes. The association of particular bacteria with T2D, however, varied among studies, which has made it challenging to develop precision medicine approaches for the prevention and alleviation of T2D. Blood glucose level is the only parameter in clustering patients when identifying the T2D-related bacteria in previous studies. This stratification ignores the fact that patients within the same blood glucose range differ in their insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, which also may be related to disordered gut microbiota. In addition to parameters of blood glucose levels, we also used additional parameters involving insulin and lipid levels to stratify participants into three clusters and further identified cluster-specific microbiome features. We further validated the association between these microbiome features and glycometabolism with an independent cohort. This study highlights the importance of stratification of patients with blood glucose, insulin, and lipid levels when identifying the microbiome features associated with the progression of abnormal glycometabolism.
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Key Stratification of Microbiota Taxa and Metabolites in the Host Metabolic Health-Disease Balance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054519. [PMID: 36901949 PMCID: PMC10003303 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Human gut microbiota seems to drive the interaction with host metabolism through microbial metabolites, enzymes, and bioactive compounds. These components determine the host health-disease balance. Recent metabolomics and combined metabolome-microbiome studies have helped to elucidate how these substances could differentially affect the individual host pathophysiology according to several factors and cumulative exposures, such as obesogenic xenobiotics. The present work aims to investigate and interpret newly compiled data from metabolomics and microbiota composition studies, comparing controls with patients suffering from metabolic-related diseases (diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome, liver and cardiovascular diseases, etc.). The results showed, first, a differential composition of the most represented genera in healthy individuals compared to patients with metabolic diseases. Second, the analysis of the metabolite counts exhibited a differential composition of bacterial genera in disease compared to health status. Third, qualitative metabolite analysis revealed relevant information about the chemical nature of metabolites related to disease and/or health status. Key microbial genera were commonly considered overrepresented in healthy individuals together with specific metabolites, e.g., Faecalibacterium and phosphatidylethanolamine; and the opposite, Escherichia and Phosphatidic Acid, which is converted into the intermediate Cytidine Diphosphate Diacylglycerol-diacylglycerol (CDP-DAG), were overrepresented in metabolic-related disease patients. However, it was not possible to associate most specific microbiota taxa and metabolites according to their increased and decreased profiles analyzed with health or disease. Interestingly, positive association of essential amino acids with the genera Bacteroides were observed in a cluster related to health, and conversely, benzene derivatives and lipidic metabolites were related to the genera Clostridium, Roseburia, Blautia, and Oscillibacter in a disease cluster. More studies are needed to elucidate the microbiota species and their corresponding metabolites that are key in promoting health or disease status. Moreover, we propose that greater attention should be paid to biliary acids and to microbiota-liver cometabolites and its detoxification enzymes and pathways.
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50
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Safari-Alighiarloo N, Emami Z, Rezaei-Tavirani M, Alaei-Shahmiri F, Razavi S. Gut Microbiota and Their Associated Metabolites in Diabetes: A Cross Talk Between Host and Microbes-A Review. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2023; 21:3-15. [PMID: 36301254 DOI: 10.1089/met.2022.0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota's composition and function is important in developing insulin resistance and diabetes. Diabetes has also been linked to changes in the circulating and fecal metabolites. Evidence suggests the associations between the gut microbiota and the aberrant diabetes-related metabolome. Metabolites play a crucial role in the host-microbiota interactions. Researchers have used a combination of metagenomic and metabolomic approaches to investigate the relationships between gut microbial dysbiosis and metabolic abnormalities in diabetes. We summarized current discoveries on the associations between the gut microbiota and metabolites in type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and gestational diabetes mellitus in the scoping review. According to research, the gut microbiota changes might involve in the development of diabetes through modulating the host's metabolic pathways such as immunity, energy metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism. These results add to our understanding of the interplay between the host and gut microbiota metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Safari-Alighiarloo
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Emami
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Rezaei-Tavirani
- Proteomics Research Center, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Alaei-Shahmiri
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shabnam Razavi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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