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Klos L, Stratton G, Mackintosh KA, McNarry MA, Fogelholm M, Drummen M, Macdonald I, Martinez JA, Navas-Carretero S, Handjieva-Darlenska T, Bogdanov G, Gant N, Poppitt SD, Silvestre MP, Brand-Miller J, Muirhead R, Schlicht W, Huttunen-Lenz M, Brodie S, Jalo E, Westerterp-Plantenga M, Adam T, Siig Vestentoft P, Tikkanen H, Quist JS, Raben A, Swindell N. Combining diaries and accelerometers to explain change in physical activity during a lifestyle intervention for adults with pre-diabetes: A PREVIEW sub-study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300646. [PMID: 38512828 PMCID: PMC10956823 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Self-report and device-based measures of physical activity (PA) both have unique strengths and limitations; combining these measures should provide complementary and comprehensive insights to PA behaviours. Therefore, we aim to 1) identify PA clusters and clusters of change in PA based on self-reported daily activities and 2) assess differences in device-based PA between clusters in a lifestyle intervention, the PREVIEW diabetes prevention study. In total, 232 participants with overweight and prediabetes (147 women; 55.9 ± 9.5yrs; BMI ≥25 kg·m-2; impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance) were clustered using a partitioning around medoids algorithm based on self-reported daily activities before a lifestyle intervention and their changes after 6 and 12 months. Device-assessed PA levels (PAL), sedentary time (SED), light PA (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) were assessed using ActiSleep+ accelerometers and compared between clusters using (multivariate) analyses of covariance. At baseline, the self-reported "walking and housework" cluster had significantly higher PAL, MVPA and LPA, and less SED than the "inactive" cluster. LPA was higher only among the "cycling" cluster. There was no difference in the device-based measures between the "social-sports" and "inactive" clusters. Looking at the changes after 6 months, the "increased walking" cluster showed the greatest increase in PAL while the "increased cycling" cluster accumulated the highest amount of LPA. The "increased housework" and "increased supervised sports" reported least favourable changes in device-based PA. After 12 months, there was only minor change in activities between the "increased walking and cycling", "no change" and "increased supervised sports" clusters, with no significant differences in device-based measures. Combining self-report and device-based measures provides better insights into the behaviours that change during an intervention. Walking and cycling may be suitable activities to increase PA in adults with prediabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon Klos
- Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM) Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Gareth Stratton
- Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM) Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Kelly A. Mackintosh
- Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM) Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Melitta A. McNarry
- Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM) Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Mikael Fogelholm
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mathijs Drummen
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Ian Macdonald
- School of Life Sciences, Queen’s Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - J. Alfredo Martinez
- Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBEROBN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
- Program for Precision Nutrition, IMDEA Food Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Navas-Carretero
- Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBEROBN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Georgi Bogdanov
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Nicholas Gant
- Department of Exercise Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sally D. Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Marta P. Silvestre
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Centro de Investigaçao em Tecnologias e Serciços de Saûde (CINTESIS), NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jennie Brand-Miller
- School of Life and Environmental Biosciences and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Roslyn Muirhead
- School of Life and Environmental Biosciences and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Wolfgang Schlicht
- Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | - Shannon Brodie
- School of Life and Environmental Biosciences and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elli Jalo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Tanja Adam
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Pia Siig Vestentoft
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Heikki Tikkanen
- Faculty of Health Sciences School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jonas S. Quist
- Department for Clinical and Translational Research, Copenhagen University Hospital—Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Raben
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department for Clinical and Translational Research, Copenhagen University Hospital—Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Nils Swindell
- Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM) Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom
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Poppitt SD, Miles-Chan JL. Include oats, barley and soluble fibre in your diet: an achievable goal to improve cardiometabolic health. Ann Transl Med 2024; 12:17. [PMID: 38304905 PMCID: PMC10777244 DOI: 10.21037/atm-23-1780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Sally D. Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jennifer L. Miles-Chan
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Lim JJ, Sequeira-Bisson IR, Yip WCY, Lu LW, Miles-Chan JL, Poppitt SD. Intra-pancreatic fat is associated with high circulating glucagon and GLP-1 concentrations following whey protein ingestion in overweight women with impaired fasting glucose: A randomised controlled trial. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2024; 207:111084. [PMID: 38154534 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.111084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM Intra-pancreatic fat deposition (IPFD) while hypothesised to impair beta-cell function, its impact on alpha-cells remains unclear. We evaluated the association between IPFD and markers of pancreatic cells function using whey protein. METHODS Twenty overweight women with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and low or high IPFD (<4.66% vs ≥4.66%) consumed 3 beverage treatments: 0 g (water control), 12.5 g (low-dose) and 50.0 g (high-dose) whey protein, after an overnight fast, in randomised order. Blood glucose, insulin, C-peptide, glucagon, gastric-inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and amylin were analysed postprandially over 4 h. Incremental area-under-the-curve (iAUC), incremental maximum concentration (iCmax), and time to maximum concentration (Tmax) for these were compared between IPFD groups using repeated measures linear mixed models, also controlled for age (pcov). RESULTS iAUC and iCmax glucose and insulin while similar between the two IPFD groups, high IPFD and ageing contributed to higher postprandial glucagon (iAUC: p = 0.012; pcov = 0.004; iCmax: p = 0.069; pcov = 0.021) and GLP-1 (iAUC: p = 0.006; pcov = 0.064; iCmax: p = 0.011; pcov = 0.122) concentrations. CONCLUSION In our cohort, there was no evidence that IPFD impaired protein-induced insulin secretion. Conversely, IPFD may be associated with increased protein-induced glucagon secretion, a novel observation which warrants further investigation into its relevance in the pathogenesis of dysglycaemia and type-2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Jiet Lim
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Riddet Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand; High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Ivana R Sequeira-Bisson
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Riddet Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand; High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Wilson C Y Yip
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Louise W Lu
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jennifer L Miles-Chan
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Riddet Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand; High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sally D Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Riddet Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand; High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand; Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Mathrani A, Lu LW, Sequeira-Bisson IR, Silvestre MP, Hoggard M, Barnett D, Fogelholm M, Raben A, Poppitt SD, Taylor MW. Gut microbiota profiles in two New Zealand cohorts with overweight and prediabetes: a Tū Ora/PREVIEW comparative study. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1244179. [PMID: 38033566 PMCID: PMC10687470 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1244179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity-related metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) are major global health issues, affecting hundreds of millions of people worldwide. The underlying factors are both diverse and complex, incorporating biological as well as cultural considerations. A role for ethnicity - a measure of self-perceived cultural affiliation which encompasses diet, lifestyle and genetic components - in susceptibility to metabolic diseases such as T2D is well established. For example, Asian populations may be disproportionally affected by the adverse 'TOFI' (Thin on the Outside, Fat on the Inside) profile, whereby outwardly lean individuals have increased susceptibility due to excess visceral and ectopic organ fat deposition. A potential link between the gut microbiota and metabolic disease has more recently come under consideration, yet our understanding of the interplay between ethnicity, the microbiota and T2D remains incomplete. We present here a 16S rRNA gene-based comparison of the fecal microbiota of European-ancestry and Chinese-ancestry cohorts with overweight and prediabetes, residing in New Zealand. The cohorts were matched for mean fasting plasma glucose (FPG: mean ± SD, European-ancestry: 6.1 ± 0.4; Chinese-ancestry: 6.0 ± 0.4 mmol/L), a consequence of which was a significantly higher mean body mass index in the European group (BMI: European-ancestry: 37.4 ± 6.8; Chinese-ancestry: 27.7 ± 4.0 kg/m2; p < 0.001). Our findings reveal significant microbiota differences between the two ethnicities, though we cannot determine the underpinning factors. In both cohorts Firmicutes was by far the dominant bacterial phylum (European-ancestry: 93.4 ± 5.5%; Chinese-ancestry: 79.6 ± 10.4% of 16S rRNA gene sequences), with Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria the next most abundant. Among the more abundant (≥1% overall relative sequence abundance) genus-level taxa, four zero-radius operational taxonomic units (zOTUs) were significantly higher in the European-ancestry cohort, namely members of the Subdoligranulum, Blautia, Ruminoclostridium, and Dorea genera. Differential abundance analysis further identified a number of additional zOTUs to be disproportionately overrepresented across the two ethnicities, with the majority of taxa exhibiting a higher abundance in the Chinese-ancestry cohort. Our findings underscore a potential influence of ethnicity on gut microbiota composition in the context of individuals with overweight and prediabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akarsh Mathrani
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Louise W. Lu
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Human Nutrition Unit, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ivana R. Sequeira-Bisson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Human Nutrition Unit, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Marta P. Silvestre
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Human Nutrition Unit, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Serviços de Saúde (CINTESIS), NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Michael Hoggard
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Daniel Barnett
- Department of Statistics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mikael Fogelholm
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne Raben
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital – Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Sally D. Poppitt
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Human Nutrition Unit, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Michael W. Taylor
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
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Skudder-Hill L, Sequeira-Bisson IR, Ko J, Cho J, Poppitt SD, Petrov MS. Remnant cholesterol, but not low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, is associated with intra-pancreatic fat deposition. Diabetes Obes Metab 2023; 25:3337-3346. [PMID: 37529874 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the associations of components of the lipid panel (and its derivatives) with intra-pancreatic fat deposition (IPFD). METHODS All participants underwent abdominal magnetic resonance imaging on the same 3.0-Tesla scanner and IPFD was quantified. Blood samples were collected in the fasted state for analysis of lipid panel components. A series of linear regression analyses was conducted, adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, body mass index, fasting plasma glucose, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, and liver fat deposition. RESULTS A total of 348 participants were included. Remnant cholesterol (P = 0.010) and triglyceride levels (P = 0.008) were positively, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (P = 0.001) was negatively, associated with total IPFD in the most adjusted model. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol were not significantly associated with total IPFD. Of the lipid panel components investigated, remnant cholesterol explained the greatest proportion (9.9%) of the variance in total IPFD. CONCLUSION Components of the lipid panel have different associations with IPFD. This may open up new opportunities for improving outcomes in people at high risk for cardiovascular diseases (who have normal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) by reducing IPFD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivana R Sequeira-Bisson
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Juyeon Ko
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jaelim Cho
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sally D Poppitt
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Maxim S Petrov
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Skudder-Hill L, Coffey S, Sequeira-Bisson IR, Ko J, Poppitt SD, Petrov MS. Comprehensive analysis of dyslipidemia states associated with fat in the pancreas. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2023; 17:102881. [PMID: 37862954 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2023.102881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global burden of cardiovascular diseases continues to rise, and it is increasingly acknowledged that guidelines based on traditional risk factors fail to identify a substantial fraction of people who develop cardiovascular diseases. Fat in the pancreas could be one of the unappreciated risk factors. This study aimed to investigate the associations of dyslipidemia states with fat in the pancreas. METHODS All participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging on the same 3.0 T scanner for quantification of fat in the pancreas, analyzed as both binary (i.e., fatty change of the pancreas) and continuous (i.e., intra-pancreatic fat deposition) variables. Statistical analyses were adjusted for body mass index, glycated hemoglobin, fasting insulin, ethnicity, age, and sex. RESULTS There were 346 participants studied. On most adjusted analyses, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol dyslipidemia was significantly associated with both fatty change of the pancreas (p = 0.010) and intra-pancreatic fat deposition (p = 0.008). Neither low-density lipoprotein cholesterol dyslipidemia nor triglyceride dyslipidemia were significantly associated with fatty change of the pancreas and intra-pancreatic fat deposition. The absence of any dyslipidemia was inversely associated with both fatty change of the pancreas (p = 0.016) and intra-pancreatic fat deposition (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Dyslipidemias are uncoupled when it comes to the relationship with fat in the pancreas, with only high-density lipoprotein cholesterol dyslipidemia having a consistent and strong link with it. The residual cardiovascular diseases risk may be attributed to fatty change of the pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sean Coffey
- Department of Medicine - HeartOtago, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Ivana R Sequeira-Bisson
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, New Zealand
| | - Juyeon Ko
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sally D Poppitt
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, New Zealand; Riddet Centre of Research Excellence (CoRE) for Food and Nutrition, New Zealand
| | - Maxim S Petrov
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
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Ramzan F, Sequeira-Bisson IR, Lu LW, Mitchell CJ, D’Souza RF, Vickers MH, Poppitt SD, Cameron-Smith D. Circulatory miRNAs as Correlates of Elevated Intra-Pancreatic Fat Deposition in a Mixed Ethnic Female Cohort: The TOFI_Asia Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14393. [PMID: 37762694 PMCID: PMC10532072 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ectopic lipid accumulation, including intra-pancreatic fat deposition (IPFD), exacerbates type 2 diabetes risk in susceptible individuals. Dysregulated circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as correlating with clinical measures of pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer and type 1 diabetes. The aim of the current study was therefore to examine the association between circulating abundances of candidate miRNAs, IPFD and liver fat deposition as quantified using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS). Asian Chinese (n = 34; BMI = 26.7 ± 4.2 kg/m2) and European Caucasian (n = 34; BMI = 28.0 ± 4.5 kg/m2) females from the TOFI_Asia cohort underwent MRI and MRS analysis of pancreas (MR-%IPFD) and liver fat (MR-%liver fat), respectively, to quantify ectopic lipid deposition. Plasma miRNA abundances of a subset of circulatory miRNAs associated with IPFD and liver fat deposition were quantified by qRT-PCR. miR-21-3p and miR-320a-5p correlated with MR-%IPFD, plasma insulin and HOMA2-IR, but not MR-%liver fat. MR-%IPFD remained associated with decreasing miR-21-3p abundance following multivariate regression analysis. miR-21-3p and miR-320a were demonstrated to be negatively correlated with MR-%IPFD, independent of ethnicity. For miR-21-3p, this relationship persists with the inclusion of MR-%liver fat in the model, suggesting the potential for a wider application as a specific circulatory correlate of IPFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farha Ramzan
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand (D.C.-S.)
| | - Ivana R. Sequeira-Bisson
- The High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1023, New Zealand (S.D.P.)
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- The Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
| | - Louise W. Lu
- The High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1023, New Zealand (S.D.P.)
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Cameron J. Mitchell
- School of Kinesiology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Randall F. D’Souza
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Mark H. Vickers
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand (D.C.-S.)
| | - Sally D. Poppitt
- The High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1023, New Zealand (S.D.P.)
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- The Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
- Department of Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - David Cameron-Smith
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand (D.C.-S.)
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia
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Zhu R, Huttunen-Lenz M, Stratton G, Handjieva-Darlenska T, Handjiev S, Sundvall J, Silvestre MP, Jalo E, Pietiläinen KH, Adam TC, Drummen M, Simpson EJ, Taylor MA, Poppitt SD, Navas-Carretero S, Martinez JA, Schlicht W, Fogelholm M, Brand-Miller J, Raben A. Associations of obesity phenotypes with weight change, cardiometabolic benefits, and type 2 diabetes incidence during a lifestyle intervention: results from the PREVIEW study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2023; 47:833-840. [PMID: 37420008 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-023-01328-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Some individuals with overweight/obesity may be relatively metabolically healthy (MHO) and have a lower risk of cardiovascular disease than those with metabolically unhealthy overweight/obesity (MUO). We aimed to compare changes in body weight and cardiometabolic risk factors and type 2 diabetes incidence during a lifestyle intervention between individuals with MHO vs MUO. METHODS This post-hoc analysis included 1012 participants with MHO and 1153 participants with MUO at baseline in the randomized trial PREVIEW. Participants underwent an eight-week low-energy diet phase followed by a 148-week lifestyle-based weight-maintenance intervention. Adjusted linear mixed models and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used. RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences in weight loss (%) between participants with MHO vs MUO over 156 weeks. At the end of the study, weight loss was 2.7% (95% CI, 1.7%-3.6%) in participants with MHO and 3.0% (2.1%-4.0%) in those with MUO. After the low-energy diet phase, participants with MHO had smaller decreases in triglyceride (mean difference between MHO vs MUO 0.08 mmol·L-1 [95% CI, 0.04-0.12]; P < 0.001) but similar reductions in fasting glucose and HOMA-IR than those with MUO. However, at the end of weight maintenance, those with MHO had greater reductions in triglyceride (mean difference -0.08 mmol·L-1 [-0.12--0.04]; P < 0.001), fasting glucose, 2-hour glucose (difference -0.28 mmol·L-1 [-0.41--0.16]; P < 0.001), and HOMA-IR than those with MUO. Participants with MHO had smaller decreases in diastolic blood pressure and HbA1c and greater decreases in HDL cholesterol after weight loss than those with MUO, whereas the statistically significant differences disappeared at the end of weight maintenance. Participants with MHO had lower 3-year type 2 diabetes incidence than those with MUO (adjusted hazard ratio 0.37 [0.20-0.66]; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Individuals with MUO had greater improvements in some cardiometabolic risk factors during the low-energy diet phase, but had smaller improvements during long-term lifestyle intervention than those with MHO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixin Zhu
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maija Huttunen-Lenz
- Institute for Nursing Science, University of Education Schwäbisch Gmünd, Schwäbisch Gmünd, Germany
| | - Gareth Stratton
- Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM) Research Centre, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | | | - Svetoslav Handjiev
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Jouko Sundvall
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marta P Silvestre
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- CINTESIS, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Elli Jalo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kirsi H Pietiläinen
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Abdominal Center, Endocrinology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tanja C Adam
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Mathijs Drummen
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Elizabeth J Simpson
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, ARUK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - Moira A Taylor
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, ARUK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, UK
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sally D Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Santiago Navas-Carretero
- Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Area de Fisiologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
- IdisNA Instituto for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - J Alfredo Martinez
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Area de Fisiologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health Program, IMDEA-Food Institute (Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies), CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Wolfgang Schlicht
- Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Mikael Fogelholm
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jennie Brand-Miller
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, the University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anne Raben
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.
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9
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Huttunen-Lenz M, Raben A, Adam T, Macdonald I, Taylor MA, Stratton G, Mackintosh K, Martinez JA, Handjieva-Darlenska T, Bogdanov GA, Poppitt SD, Silvestre MP, Fogelholm M, Jalo E, Brand-Miller J, Muirhead R, Schlicht W. Socio-economic factors, mood, primary care utilization, and quality of life as predictors of intervention cessation and chronic stress in a type 2 diabetes prevention intervention (PREVIEW Study). BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1666. [PMID: 37649005 PMCID: PMC10466828 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16569-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentary lifestyle and unhealthy diet combined with overweight are risk factors for type 2 diabetes (T2D). Lifestyle interventions with weight-loss are effective in T2D-prevention, but unsuccessful completion and chronic stress may hinder efficacy. Determinants of chronic stress and premature cessation at the start of the 3-year PREVIEW study were examined. METHODS Baseline Quality of Life (QoL), social support, primary care utilization, and mood were examined as predictors of intervention cessation and chronic stress for participants aged 25 to 70 with prediabetes (n = 2,220). Moderating effects of sex and socio-economic status (SES) and independence of predictor variables of BMI were tested. RESULTS Participants with children, women, and higher SES quitted intervention earlier than those without children, lower SES, and men. Lower QoL, lack of family support, and primary care utilization were associated with cessation. Lower QoL and higher mood disturbances were associated with chronic stress. Predictor variables were independent (p ≤ .001) from BMI, but moderated by sex and SES. CONCLUSIONS Policy-based strategy in public health should consider how preventive interventions may better accommodate different individual states and life situations, which could influence intervention completion. Intervention designs should enable in-built flexibility in delivery enabling response to individual needs. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01777893.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maija Huttunen-Lenz
- Institute of Nursing Science, University of Education Schwäbisch Gmünd, Oberbettringerstraße 200, 73525, Schwäbisch Gmünd, Germany.
| | - Anne Raben
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, 1958, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Tanja Adam
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ian Macdonald
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, School of Life Sciences, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
- Nestle Institute of Health Sciences, Nestle Research, Route du Jorat 57, 1000, Lausanne 26, CH, Switzerland
| | - Moira A Taylor
- University of Nottingham, School of Life Sciences, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Gareth Stratton
- Sport and Exercise Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea, West Glamorgan, UK
| | - Kelly Mackintosh
- Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine Research Centre, Swansea University, Swansea, West Glamorgan, UK
| | - J Alfredo Martinez
- Department of Medicine and Endocrinology, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad Y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, IMDEAfood Madrid, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Georgi Assenov Bogdanov
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, 1000, Bulgaria
| | - Sally D Poppitt
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Auckland, 1024, New Zealand
| | - Marta P Silvestre
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1024, New Zealand
- Nutrition & Metabolism, CINTESIS, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mikael Fogelholm
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elli Jalo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jennie Brand-Miller
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Roslyn Muirhead
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Wolfgang Schlicht
- Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Stuttgart, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
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10
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Mathrani A, Yip W, Sequeira-Bisson IR, Barnett D, Stevenson O, Taylor MW, Poppitt SD. Effect of a 12-Week Polyphenol Rutin Intervention on Markers of Pancreatic β-Cell Function and Gut Microbiota in Adults with Overweight without Diabetes. Nutrients 2023; 15:3360. [PMID: 37571297 PMCID: PMC10420824 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Supplementation with prebiotic polyphenol rutin is a potential dietary therapy for type 2 diabetes prevention in adults with obesity, based on previous glycaemic improvement in transgenic mouse models. Gut microbiota are hypothesised to underpin these effects. We investigated the effect of rutin supplementation on pancreatic β-cell function measured as C-peptide/glucose ratio, and 16S rRNA gene-based gut microbiota profiles, in a cohort of individuals with overweight plus normoglycaemia or prediabetes. Eighty-seven participants were enrolled, aged 18-65 years with BMI of 23-35 kg/m2. This was a 12-week double-blind randomised controlled trial (RCT), with 3 treatments comprising (i) placebo control, (ii) 500 mg/day encapsulated rutin, and (iii) 500 mg/day rutin-supplemented yoghurt. A 2-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed at baseline and at the end of the trial, with faecal samples also collected. Compliance with treatment was high (~90%), but rutin in both capsule and dietary format did not alter pancreatic β-cell response to OGTT over 12 weeks. Gut bacterial community composition also did not significantly change, with Firmicutes dominating irrespective of treatment. Fasting plasma glucose negatively correlated with the abundance of the butyrate producer Roseburia inulinivorans, known for its anti-inflammatory capacity. This is the first RCT to investigate postprandial pancreatic β-cell function in response to rutin supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akarsh Mathrani
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (A.M.); (W.Y.); (I.R.S.-B.)
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Wilson Yip
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (A.M.); (W.Y.); (I.R.S.-B.)
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Human Nutrition Unit, University of Auckland, Auckland 1024, New Zealand
| | - Ivana R. Sequeira-Bisson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (A.M.); (W.Y.); (I.R.S.-B.)
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Human Nutrition Unit, University of Auckland, Auckland 1024, New Zealand
| | - Daniel Barnett
- Department of Statistics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (D.B.); (O.S.)
| | - Oliver Stevenson
- Department of Statistics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (D.B.); (O.S.)
| | - Michael W. Taylor
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (A.M.); (W.Y.); (I.R.S.-B.)
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Sally D. Poppitt
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (A.M.); (W.Y.); (I.R.S.-B.)
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Human Nutrition Unit, University of Auckland, Auckland 1024, New Zealand
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
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11
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Lim JJ, Liu Y, Lu LW, Sequeira IR, Poppitt SD. No Evidence That Circulating GLP-1 or PYY Are Associated with Increased Satiety during Low Energy Diet-Induced Weight Loss: Modelling Biomarkers of Appetite. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102399. [PMID: 37242282 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Bariatric surgery and pharmacology treatments increase circulating glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY), in turn promoting satiety and body weight (BW) loss. However, the utility of GLP-1 and PYY in predicting appetite response during dietary interventions remains unsubstantiated. This study investigated whether the decrease in hunger observed following low energy diet (LED)-induced weight loss was associated with increased circulating 'satiety peptides', and/or associated changes in glucose, glucoregulatory peptides or amino acids (AAs). In total, 121 women with obesity underwent an 8-week LED intervention, of which 32 completed an appetite assessment via a preload challenge at both Week 0 and Week 8, and are reported here. Visual analogue scales (VAS) were administered to assess appetite-related responses, and blood samples were collected over 210 min post-preload. The area under the curve (AUC0-210), incremental AUC (iAUC0-210), and change from Week 0 to Week 8 (∆) were calculated. Multiple linear regression was used to test the association between VAS-appetite responses and blood biomarkers. Mean (±SEM) BW loss was 8.4 ± 0.5 kg (-8%). Unexpectedly, the decrease in ∆AUC0-210 hunger was best associated with decreased ∆AUC0-210 GLP-1, GIP, and valine (p < 0.05, all), and increased ∆AUC0-210 glycine and proline (p < 0.05, both). The majority of associations remained significant after adjusting for BW and fat-free mass loss. There was no evidence that changes in circulating GLP-1 or PYY were predictive of changes in appetite-related responses. The modelling suggested that other putative blood biomarkers of appetite, such as AAs, should be further investigated in future larger longitudinal dietary studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Jiet Lim
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1024, New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Yutong Liu
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1024, New Zealand
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Louise W Lu
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1024, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Ivana R Sequeira
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1024, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Sally D Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1024, New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
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12
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Bitarafan V, Fitzgerald PCE, Poppitt SD, Ingram JR, Feinle-Bisset C. Effects of intraduodenal or intragastric administration of a bitter hop extract (Humulus lupulus L.), on upper gut motility, gut hormone secretion and energy intake in healthy-weight men. Appetite 2023; 184:106490. [PMID: 36781111 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.106490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal functions, particularly pyloric motility and the gut hormones, cholecystokinin and peptide YY, contribute to the regulation of acute energy intake. Bitter tastants modulate these functions, but may, in higher doses, induce GI symptoms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of both dose and delivery location of a bitter hop extract (BHE) on antropyloroduodenal pressures, plasma cholecystokinin and peptide YY, appetite perceptions, gastrointestinal symptoms and energy intake in healthy-weight men. The study consisted of two consecutive parts, with part A including n = 15, and part B n = 11, healthy, lean men (BMI 22.6 ± 1.1 kg/m2, aged 25 ± 3 years). In randomised, double-blind fashion, participants received in part A, BHE in doses of either 100 mg ("ID-BHE-100") or 250 mg ("ID-BHE-250"), or vehicle (canola oil; "ID-control") intraduodenally, or in part B, 250 mg BHE ("IG-BHE-250") or vehicle ("IG-control") intragastrically. Antropyloroduodenal pressures, hormones, appetite and symptoms were measured for 180 min, energy intake from a standardised buffet-meal was quantified subsequently. ID-BHE-250, but not ID-BHE-100, had modest, and transient, effects to stimulate pyloric pressures during the first 90 min (P < 0.05), and peptide YY from t = 60 min (P < 0.05), but did not affect antral or duodenal pressures, cholecystokinin, appetite, gastrointestinal symptoms or energy intake. IG-BHE-250 had no detectable effects. In conclusion, BHE, when administered intraduodenally, in the selected higher dose, modestly affected some appetite-related gastrointestinal functions, but had no detectable effects when given in the lower dose or intragastrically. Thus, BHE, at none of the doses or routes of administration tested, has appetite- or energy intake-suppressant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vida Bitarafan
- Adelaide Medical School, Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Penelope C E Fitzgerald
- Adelaide Medical School, Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Sally D Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - John R Ingram
- New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Christine Feinle-Bisset
- Adelaide Medical School, Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
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13
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P Silvestre M, Fogelholm M, Alves M, Papoila A, Adam T, Liu A, Brand-Miller J, Martinez JA, Westerterp-Plantenga M, Handjieva-Darlenska T, Macdonald IA, Zhu R, Jalo E, Muirhead R, Carretero SN, Handjiev S, Taylor MA, Raben A, Poppitt SD. Differences between HbA 1c and glucose-related variables in predicting weight loss and glycaemic changes in individuals with overweight and hyperglycaemia - The PREVIEW trial. Clin Nutr 2023; 42:636-643. [PMID: 36933350 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To examine the differences between HbA1c and glucose related variables in predicting weight loss and glycaemic changes following 8 weeks of low energy diet (LED) in individuals with overweight and hyperglycaemia. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS 2178 individuals with ADA-defined pre-diabetes - impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and/or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) - who started an 8 week LED weight loss diet, were included in this analysis. Participants were enrolled in the PREVIEW (PREVention of diabetes through lifestyle interventions and population studies In Europe and around the World) clinical trial. Multivariable linear mixed effects regression models and generalised additive mixed effect logistic models were used. RESULTS Only 1 in 3 participants (33%) had HbA1c levels defined as pre-diabetes. Neither baseline HbA1c, IFG or IGT were associated with body weight change at 8 weeks. Higher baseline body weight, baseline fasting insulin and weight loss predicted normalisation of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), whilst higher baseline fasting insulin, C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and older age predicted normalisation of HbA1c. Additionally, male sex and higher baseline BMI, body fat and energy intake were positively associated with weight loss, whereas greater age and higher HDL-cholesterol predicted less weight loss. CONCLUSIONS Whilst neither HbA1c nor fasting glucose predicts short-term weight loss success, both may impact the metabolic response to rapid weight loss. We propose a role of inflammation versus total body adiposity since these variables are independent predictors of the normalisation of HbA1c and fasting glucose, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta P Silvestre
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; CINTESIS, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Mikael Fogelholm
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marta Alves
- CEAUL, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Papoila
- CEAUL, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tanja Adam
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Amy Liu
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jennie Brand-Miller
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - J Alfredo Martinez
- Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Margriet Westerterp-Plantenga
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Ian A Macdonald
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham Medical School, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Ruixin Zhu
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Elli Jalo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Roslyn Muirhead
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Santiago Navas Carretero
- Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Spain; CIBERObn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Svetoslav Handjiev
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Moira A Taylor
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre at Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, The David Greenfield Human Physiology Unit, Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Anne Raben
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Sally D Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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14
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Ko J, Sequeira IR, Skudder-Hill L, Cho J, Poppitt SD, Petrov MS. Metabolic traits affecting the relationship between liver fat and intrapancreatic fat: a mediation analysis. Diabetologia 2023; 66:190-200. [PMID: 36194248 PMCID: PMC9729324 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-022-05793-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The clinical importance of fat deposition in the liver and pancreas is increasingly recognised. However, to what extent deposition of fat in these two depots is affected by intermediate variables is unknown. The aim of this work was to conduct a mediation analysis with a view to uncovering the metabolic traits that underlie the relationship between liver fat and intrapancreatic fat deposition (IPFD) and quantifying their effect. METHODS All participants underwent MRI/magnetic resonance spectroscopy on the same 3.0 T scanner to determine liver fat and IPFD. IPFD of all participants was quantified manually by two independent raters in duplicate. A total of 16 metabolic traits (representing markers of glucose metabolism, incretins, lipid panel, liver enzymes, pancreatic hormones and their derivatives) were measured in blood. Mediation analysis was conducted, taking into account age, sex, ethnicity and BMI. Significance of mediation was tested by computing bias-corrected bootstrap CIs with 5000 repetitions. RESULTS A total of 353 individuals were studied. Plasma glucose, HDL-cholesterol and triacylglycerol mediated 6.8%, 17.9% and 24.3%, respectively, of the association between liver fat and IPFD. Total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, insulin, glucagon, amylin, C-peptide, HbA1c, glucagon-like peptide-1 and gastric inhibitory peptide did not mediate the association between liver fat and IPFD. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION At least one-quarter of the association between liver fat and IPFD is mediated by specific blood biomarkers (triacylglycerol, HDL-cholesterol and glucose), after accounting for potential confounding by age, sex, ethnicity and BMI. This unveils the complexity of the association between the two fat depots and presents specific targets for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juyeon Ko
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ivana R Sequeira
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Jaelim Cho
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sally D Poppitt
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Riddet Centre of Research Excellence for Food and Nutrition, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Maxim S Petrov
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
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15
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Sequeira IR, Yip W, Lu LW, Jiang Y, Murphy R, Plank LD, Cooper GJS, Peters CN, Aribsala BS, Hollingsworth KG, Poppitt SD. Exploring the relationship between pancreatic fat and insulin secretion in overweight or obese women without type 2 diabetes mellitus: A preliminary investigation of the TOFI_Asia cohort. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0279085. [PMID: 36584200 PMCID: PMC9803309 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While there is an emerging role of pancreatic fat in the aetiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), its impact on the associated decrease in insulin secretion remains controversial. We aimed to determine whether pancreatic fat negatively affects β-cell function and insulin secretion in women with overweight or obesity but without T2DM. METHODS 20 women, with normo- or dysglycaemia based on fasting plasma glucose levels, and low (< 4.5%) vs high (≥ 4.5%) magnetic resonance (MR) quantified pancreatic fat, completed a 1-hr intravenous glucose tolerance test (ivGTT) which included two consecutive 30-min square-wave steps of hyperglycaemia generated by using 25% dextrose. Plasma glucose, insulin and C-peptide were measured, and insulin secretion rate (ISR) calculated using regularisation deconvolution method from C-peptide kinetics. Repeated measures linear mixed models, adjusted for ethnicity and baseline analyte concentrations, were used to compare changes during the ivGTT between high and low percentage pancreatic fat (PPF) groups. RESULTS No ethnic differences in anthropomorphic variables, body composition, visceral adipose tissue (MR-VAT) or PPF were measured and hence data were combined. Nine women (47%) were identified as having high PPF values. PPF was significantly associated with baseline C-peptide (p = 0.04) and ISR (p = 0.04) in all. During the 1-hr ivGTT, plasma glucose (p<0.0001), insulin (p<0.0001) and ISR (p = 0.02) increased significantly from baseline in both high and low PPF groups but did not differ between the two groups at any given time during the test (PPF x time, p > 0.05). Notably, the incremental areas under the curves for both first and second phase ISR were 0.04 units lower in the high than low PPF groups, but this was not significant (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION In women with overweight or obesity but without T2DM, PPF did not modify β-cell function as determined by ivGTT-assessed ISR. However, the salient feature in biphasic insulin secretion in those with ≥4.5% PPF may be of clinical importance, particularly in early stages of dysglycaemia may warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana R. Sequeira
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- * E-mail:
| | - Wilson Yip
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Louise W. Lu
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yannan Jiang
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Rinki Murphy
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Auckland District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lindsay D. Plank
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Garth J. S. Cooper
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Centre for Advanced Discovery and Experimental Therapeutics (CADET), Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Division of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Carl N. Peters
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Waitemata District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Benjamin S. Aribsala
- Newcastle Magnetic Resonance Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Lagos State University, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Kieren G. Hollingsworth
- Newcastle Magnetic Resonance Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Sally D. Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Riddet Centre of Research Excellence (CoRE) for Food and Nutrition, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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16
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Leiu KH, Poppitt SD, Miles-Chan JL, Sequeira IR. Fatty Pancreas and Cardiometabolic Risk: Response of Ectopic Fat to Lifestyle and Surgical Interventions. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224873. [PMID: 36432559 PMCID: PMC9693202 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectopic fat accumulation in non-adipose organs, such as the pancreas and liver, is associated with an increased risk of cardiometabolic disease. While clinical trials have focused on interventions to decrease body weight and liver fat, ameliorating pancreatic fat can be crucial but successful intervention strategies are not yet defined. We identified twenty-two published studies which quantified pancreatic fat during dietary, physical activity, and/or bariatric surgery interventions targeted at body weight and adipose mass loss alongside their subsequent effect on metabolic outcomes. Thirteen studies reported a significant decrease in body weight, utilising weight-loss diets (n = 2), very low-energy diets (VLED) (n = 2), isocaloric diets (n = 1), a combination of diet and physical activity (n = 2), and bariatric surgery (n = 5) including a comparison with VLED (n = 1). Surgical intervention achieved the largest decrease in pancreatic fat (range: -18.2% to -67.2%) vs. a combination of weight-loss diets, isocaloric diets, and/or VLED (range: -10.2% to -42.3%) vs. diet and physical activity combined (range: -0.6% to -3.9%), with a concurrent decrease in metabolic outcomes. While surgical intervention purportedly is the most effective strategy to decrease pancreas fat content and improve cardiometabolic health, the procedure is invasive and may not be accessible to most individuals. Given that dietary intervention is the cornerstone for the prevention of adverse metabolic health, the alternative approaches appear to be the use of weight-loss diets or VLED meal replacements, which are shown to decrease pancreatic fat and associated cardiometabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kok Hong Leiu
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1024, New Zealand
- High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Sally D. Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1024, New Zealand
- High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Riddet Centre of Research Excellence (CoRE) for Food and Nutrition, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Jennifer L. Miles-Chan
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1024, New Zealand
- High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Riddet Centre of Research Excellence (CoRE) for Food and Nutrition, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Ivana R. Sequeira
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1024, New Zealand
- High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +64-09-6301162
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17
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Zhu R, Jalo E, Silvestre MP, Poppitt SD, Handjieva-Darlenska T, Handjiev S, Huttunen-Lenz M, Mackintosh K, Stratton G, Navas-Carretero S, Pietiläinen KH, Simpson E, Macdonald IA, Muirhead R, Brand-Miller J, Fogelholm M, Færch K, Martinez JA, Westerterp-Plantenga MS, Adam TC, Raben A. Does the Effect of a 3-Year Lifestyle Intervention on Body Weight and Cardiometabolic Health Differ by Prediabetes Metabolic Phenotype? A Post Hoc Analysis of the PREVIEW Study. Diabetes Care 2022; 45:2698-2708. [PMID: 35696263 DOI: 10.2337/dc22-0549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether the effect of a 3-year lifestyle intervention on body weight and cardiometabolic risk factors differs by prediabetes metabolic phenotype. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This post hoc analysis of the multicenter, randomized trial, PREVention of diabetes through lifestyle interventions and population studies In Europe and around the World (PREVIEW), included 1,510 participants with prediabetes (BMI ≥25 kg ⋅ m-2; defined using oral glucose tolerance tests). Of these, 58% had isolated impaired fasting glucose (iIFG), 6% had isolated impaired glucose tolerance (iIGT), and 36% had IFG+IGT; 73% had normal hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c; <39 mmol ⋅ mol-1) and 25% had intermediate HbA1c (39-47 mmol ⋅ mol-1). Participants underwent an 8-week diet-induced rapid weight loss, followed by a 148-week lifestyle-based weight maintenance intervention. Linear mixed models adjusted for intervention arm and other confounders were used. RESULTS In the available-case and complete-case analyses, participants with IFG+IGT had greater sustained weight loss after lifestyle intervention (adjusted mean at 156 weeks -3.5% [95% CI, -4.7%, -2.3%]) than those with iIFG (mean -2.5% [-3.6%, -1.3%]) relative to baseline (P = 0.011). Participants with IFG+IGT and iIFG had similar cardiometabolic benefits from the lifestyle intervention. The differences in cardiometabolic benefits between those with iIGT and IFG+IGT were minor or inconsistent in different analyses. Participants with normal versus intermediate HbA1c had similar weight loss over 3 years and minor differences in cardiometabolic benefits during weight loss, whereas those with normal HbA1c had greater improvements in fasting glucose, 2-h glucose (adjusted between-group difference at 156 weeks -0.54 mmol ⋅ L-1 [95% CI -0.70, -0.39], P < 0.001), and triglycerides (difference -0.07 mmol ⋅ L-1 [-0.11, -0.03], P < 0.001) during the lifestyle intervention. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with iIFG and IFG+IGT had similar improvements in cardiometabolic health from a lifestyle intervention. Those with normal HbA1c had greater improvements than those with intermediate HbA1c.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixin Zhu
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Elli Jalo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marta P Silvestre
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), NOVA Medical School (NMS), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sally D Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Svetoslav Handjiev
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Maija Huttunen-Lenz
- Institute for Nursing Science, University of Education Schwäbisch Gmünd, Schwäbisch Gmünd, Germany
| | - Kelly Mackintosh
- Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM) Research Centre, Swansea University, Swansea, U.K
| | - Gareth Stratton
- Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM) Research Centre, Swansea University, Swansea, U.K
| | - Santiago Navas-Carretero
- Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Area de Fisiologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA) Instituto for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Kirsi H Pietiläinen
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Abdominal Center, Endocrinology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elizabeth Simpson
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, Medical Research Council (MRC)/Alzheimer's Research UK (ARUK) Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, ARUK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, U.K
| | - Ian A Macdonald
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, Medical Research Council (MRC)/Alzheimer's Research UK (ARUK) Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, ARUK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, U.K
| | - Roslyn Muirhead
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jennie Brand-Miller
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mikael Fogelholm
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kristine Færch
- Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital-Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J Alfredo Martinez
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Area de Fisiologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Nutrition and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health Program, IMDEA-Food Institute (Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies), Campus of International Excellence (CEI) Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) + Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Margriet S Westerterp-Plantenga
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Tanja C Adam
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Anne Raben
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital-Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
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18
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Zhu R, Craciun I, Bernhards-Werge J, Jalo E, Poppitt SD, Silvestre MP, Huttunen-Lenz M, McNarry MA, Stratton G, Handjiev S, Handjieva-Darlenska T, Navas-Carretero S, Sundvall J, Adam TC, Drummen M, Simpson EJ, Macdonald IA, Brand-Miller J, Muirhead R, Lam T, Vestentoft PS, Færch K, Martinez JA, Fogelholm M, Raben A. Age- and sex-specific effects of a long-term lifestyle intervention on body weight and cardiometabolic health markers in adults with prediabetes: results from the diabetes prevention study PREVIEW. Diabetologia 2022; 65:1262-1277. [PMID: 35610522 PMCID: PMC9283166 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-022-05716-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Lifestyle interventions are the first-line treatment option for body weight and cardiometabolic health management. However, whether age groups or women and men respond differently to lifestyle interventions is under debate. We aimed to examine age- and sex-specific effects of a low-energy diet (LED) followed by a long-term lifestyle intervention on body weight, body composition and cardiometabolic health markers in adults with prediabetes (i.e. impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance). METHODS This observational study used longitudinal data from 2223 overweight participants with prediabetes in the multicentre diabetes prevention study PREVIEW. The participants underwent a LED-induced rapid weight loss (WL) period followed by a 3 year lifestyle-based weight maintenance (WM) intervention. Changes in outcomes of interest in prespecified age (younger: 25-45 years; middle-aged: 46-54 years; older: 55-70 years) or sex (women and men) groups were compared. RESULTS In total, 783 younger, 319 middle-aged and 1121 older adults and 1503 women and 720 men were included in the analysis. In the available case and complete case analyses, multivariable-adjusted linear mixed models showed that younger and older adults had similar weight loss after the LED, whereas older adults had greater sustained weight loss after the WM intervention (adjusted difference for older vs younger adults -1.25% [95% CI -1.92, -0.58], p<0.001). After the WM intervention, older adults lost more fat-free mass and bone mass and had smaller improvements in 2 h plasma glucose (adjusted difference for older vs younger adults 0.65 mmol/l [95% CI 0.50, 0.80], p<0.001) and systolic blood pressure (adjusted difference for older vs younger adults 2.57 mmHg [95% CI 1.37, 3.77], p<0.001) than younger adults. Older adults had smaller decreases in fasting and 2 h glucose, HbA1c and systolic blood pressure after the WM intervention than middle-aged adults. In the complete case analysis, the above-mentioned differences between middle-aged and older adults disappeared, but the direction of the effect size did not change. After the WL period, compared with men, women had less weight loss (adjusted difference for women vs men 1.78% [95% CI 1.12, 2.43], p<0.001) with greater fat-free mass and bone mass loss and smaller improvements in HbA1c, LDL-cholesterol and diastolic blood pressure. After the WM intervention, women had greater fat-free mass and bone mass loss and smaller improvements in HbA1c and LDL-cholesterol, while they had greater improvements in fasting glucose, triacylglycerol (adjusted difference for women vs men -0.08 mmol/l [-0.11, -0.04], p<0.001) and HDL-cholesterol. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Older adults benefited less from a lifestyle intervention in relation to body composition and cardiometabolic health markers than younger adults, despite greater sustained weight loss. Women benefited less from a LED followed by a lifestyle intervention in relation to body weight and body composition than men. Future interventions targeting older adults or women should take prevention of fat-free mass and bone mass loss into consideration. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01777893.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixin Zhu
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ionut Craciun
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jan Bernhards-Werge
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Elli Jalo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sally D Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Marta P Silvestre
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- CINTESIS, NOVA Medical School (NMS), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maija Huttunen-Lenz
- Institute for Nursing Science, University of Education Schwäbisch Gmünd, Schwäbisch Gmünd, Germany
| | - Melitta A McNarry
- Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM) Research Centre, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Gareth Stratton
- Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM) Research Centre, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Svetoslav Handjiev
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Santiago Navas-Carretero
- Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Area de Fisiologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCII), Madrid, Spain
- IdisNA Instituto for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jouko Sundvall
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tanja C Adam
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Mathijs Drummen
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Elizabeth J Simpson
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ian A Macdonald
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jennie Brand-Miller
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Roslyn Muirhead
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Pia S Vestentoft
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristine Færch
- Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J Alfredo Martinez
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Area de Fisiologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health Program, IMDEA-Food Institute, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mikael Fogelholm
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Anne Raben
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.
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19
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Huttunen-Lenz M, Hansen S, Raben A, Westerterp-Plantenga M, Macdonald I, Stratton G, Swindell N, Martinez JA, Handjieva-Darlenska T, Poppitt SD, Silvestre MP, Fogelholm M, Jalo E, Brand-Miller J, Muirhead R, Larsen TM, Vestentoft PS, Handjiev S, Schlicht W. Forming new health behavior habits during weight loss maintenance-The PREVIEW study. Health Psychol 2022; 41:549-558. [PMID: 35787141 DOI: 10.1037/hea0001182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Changing lifestyle habits to achieve and maintain weight loss can be effective in prevention of Type II diabetes. Ability to resist temptations is considered one of the key factors in behavior change. This study examined how habit strength, motivation, and temptations for an energy-dense diet developed during the maintenance stage of a behavior modification intervention tool. METHOD Participants with prediabetes and overweight/obesity were recruited in the two-phase trial PREVIEW with the aim to achieve ≥ 8% body weight loss over 2 months and maintain weight loss over a subsequent 34-month period. The four-stage intervention (PREVIEW Behavior Modification Intervention Toolbox, or PREMIT) supported participants in weight maintenance. Uni- and multivariate analyses were completed from the beginning of the PREMIT maintenance stage (Week 26 of the PREVIEW trial) with 962 individuals who completed the trial. RESULTS Habit strength and ability to resist temptations increased during the early PREMIT adherence stage (Weeks 26 to 52) before plateauing during middle (Weeks 52 to 104) and late (Weeks 104 to 156) PREMIT adherence stages. Higher habit strength for energy-dense diet was significantly associated with larger weight regain (p ≤ .007). No changes in motivation or interactions with PREMIT attendance were observed. DISCUSSION Changing diet habits is a complex, multifactorial process, with participants struggling at least with some aspects of weight maintenance. Habits against consuming energy-dense, sweet, and fatty food appeared effective in protecting against weight regain. The observed effect sizes were small, reflecting the complexity of breaking old habits and forming new ones to support long-term maintenance of weight loss. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sylvia Hansen
- Cologne Center for Ethics, Rights, Economics, and Social Sciences of Health
| | - Anne Raben
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports
| | | | - Ian Macdonald
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience
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20
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Wu ZE, Kruger MC, Cooper GJS, Sequeira IR, McGill AT, Poppitt SD, Fraser K. Dissecting the relationship between plasma and tissue metabolome in a cohort of women with obesity: Analysis of subcutaneous and visceral adipose, muscle, and liver. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22371. [PMID: 35704337 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101812r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Untargeted metabolomics of blood samples has become widely applied to study metabolic alterations underpinning disease and to identify biomarkers. However, understanding the relevance of a blood metabolite marker can be challenging if it is unknown whether it reflects the concentration in relevant tissues. To explore this field, metabolomic and lipidomic profiles of plasma, four sites of adipose tissues (ATs) from peripheral or central depot, two sites of muscle tissue, and liver tissue from a group of nondiabetic women with obesity who were scheduled to undergo bariatric surgery (n = 21) or other upper GI surgery (n = 5), were measured by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Relationships between plasma and tissue profiles were examined using Pearson correlation analysis subject to Benjamini-Hochberg correction. Plasma metabolites and lipids showed the highest number of significantly positive correlations with their corresponding concentrations in liver tissue, including lipid species of ceramide, mono- and di-hexosylceramide, sphingomyelin, phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), lysophosphatidylethanolamine, dimethyl phosphatidylethanolamine, ether-linked PC, ether-linked PE, free fatty acid, cholesteryl ester, diacylglycerol and triacylglycerol, and polar metabolites linked to several metabolic functions and gut microbial metabolism. Plasma also showed significantly positive correlations with muscle for several phospholipid species and polar metabolites linked to metabolic functions and gut microbial metabolism, and with AT for several triacylglycerol species. In conclusion, plasma metabolomic and lipidomic profiles were reflective more of the liver profile than any of the muscle or AT sites examined in the present study. Our findings highlighted the importance of taking into consideration the metabolomic relationship of various tissues with plasma when postulating plasma metabolites marker to underlying mechanisms occurring in a specific tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanxuan E Wu
- Food Chemistry and Structure, AgResearch Limited, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,School of Health Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Marlena C Kruger
- School of Health Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Garth J S Cooper
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Centre for Advanced Discovery and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ivana R Sequeira
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Anne-Thea McGill
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sally D Poppitt
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand.,Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Karl Fraser
- Food Chemistry and Structure, AgResearch Limited, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand.,Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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21
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Skudder-Hill L, Sequeira IR, Cho J, Ko J, Poppitt SD, Petrov MS. Fat Distribution Within the Pancreas According to Diabetes Status and Insulin Traits. Diabetes 2022; 71:1182-1192. [PMID: 35234845 DOI: 10.2337/db21-0976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that intrapancreatic fat is associated with diabetes, but whether distribution of intrapancreatic fat across the regions of the pancreas has a pathophysiologic role is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in intrapancreatic fat deposition between the head, body, and tail of the pancreas, as well as the relationship between regional intrapancreatic fat deposition and diabetes status and insulin traits. A total of 368 adults from the general population underwent MRI on a 3 Tesla scanner, and intrapancreatic fat was manually quantified in duplicate. Statistical models included adjustment for age, sex, ethnicity, BMI, and liver fat. Intrapancreatic fat deposition in the head, body, and tail of the pancreas did not differ significantly in adjusted models in either the overall cohort or the three subgroups based on diabetes status. HOMA of insulin resistance and fasting insulin were significantly positively associated with fat in the tail and body of the pancreas. There was no significant association between regional intrapancreatic fat and HOMA of β-cell function. The association of increased intrapancreatic fat deposition in the tail and body regions with increased insulin resistance may have an important role in the early identification of patients at risk for developing insulin resistance and diseases that stem from it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loren Skudder-Hill
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yuquan Hospital Affiliated to Tsinghua University School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ivana R Sequeira
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jaelim Cho
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyeon Ko
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sally D Poppitt
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, Centre of Research Excellence (CoRE) for Food and Nutrition, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Maxim S Petrov
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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22
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Sequeira IR, Yip WC, Lu LWW, Jiang Y, Murphy R, Plank LD, Cooper GJS, Peters CN, Lu J, Hollingsworth KG, Poppitt SD. Pancreas Fat, an Early Marker of Metabolic Risk? A Magnetic Resonance Study of Chinese and Caucasian Women: TOFI_Asia Study. Front Physiol 2022; 13:819606. [PMID: 35431998 PMCID: PMC9008457 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.819606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectivePrevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is disproportionately higher in younger outwardly lean Asian Chinese compared to matched Caucasians. Susceptibility to T2D is hypothesised due to dysfunctional adipose tissue expansion resulting in adverse abdominal visceral and organ fat accumulation. Impact on early risk, particularly in individuals characterised by the thin-on-the-outside-fat-on-the-inside (TOFI) phenotype, is undetermined.MethodsSixty-eight women [34 Chinese, 34 Caucasian; 18–70 years; body mass index (BMI), 20–45 kg/m2] from the TOFI_Asia study underwent magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy to quantify visceral, pancreas, and liver fat. Total body fat was (TBF) assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and fasting blood biomarkers were measured. Ethnic comparisons, conducted using two-sample tests and multivariate regressions adjusted for age, % TBF and ethnicity, identified relationships between abdominal ectopic fat depots with fasting plasma glucose (FPG), insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR), and related metabolic clinical risk markers in all, and within ethnic groups.ResultsDespite being younger and of lower bodyweight, Chinese women in the cohort had similar BMI and % TBF compared to their Caucasian counterparts. Protective high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total- and high-molecular weight adiponectin were significantly lower, while glucoregulatory glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucagon significantly higher, in Chinese. There were no ethnic differences between % pancreas fat and % liver fat. However, at low BMI, % pancreas and % liver fat were ∼1 and ∼2% higher in Chinese compared to Caucasian women. In all women, % pancreas and visceral adipose tissue had the strongest correlation with FPG, independent of age and % TBF. Percentage (%) pancreas fat and age positively contributed to variance in FPG, whereas % TBF, amylin and C-peptide contributed to IR which was 0.3 units higher in Chinese.ConclusionPancreas fat accumulation may be an early adverse event, in TOFI individuals, with peptides highlighting pancreatic dysfunction as drivers of T2D susceptibility. Follow-up is warranted to explore causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana R. Sequeira
- Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Science, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- *Correspondence: Ivana R. Sequeira, ; orcid.org/0000-0001-5414-9925
| | - Wilson C. Yip
- Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Science, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Louise W. W. Lu
- Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Science, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yannan Jiang
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Rinki Murphy
- High Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Auckland District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lindsay D. Plank
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Garth J. S. Cooper
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Centre for Advanced Discovery and Experimental Therapeutics (CADET), Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Science, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Division of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Carl N. Peters
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Waitemata District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jun Lu
- Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kieren G. Hollingsworth
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Sally D. Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Science, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Faculty of Science, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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23
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Walker EG, Lo KR, Pahl MC, Shin HS, Lang C, Wohlers MW, Poppitt SD, Sutton KH, Ingram JR. An extract of hops (Humulus lupulus L.) modulates gut peptide hormone secretion and reduces energy intake in healthy-weight men: a randomized, crossover clinical trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2022; 115:925-940. [PMID: 35102364 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal enteroendocrine cells express chemosensory bitter taste receptors that may play an important role in regulating energy intake (EI) and gut function. OBJECTIVES To determine the effect of a bitter hop extract (Humulus lupulus L.) on acute EI, appetite, and hormonal responses. METHODS Nineteen healthy-weight men completed a randomized 3-treatment, double-blind, crossover study with a 1-wk washout between treatments. Treatments comprised either placebo or 500 mg of hop extract administered in delayed-release capsules (duodenal) at 11:00 h or quick-release capsules (gastric) at 11:30 h. Ad libitum EI was recorded at the lunch (12:00 h) and afternoon snack (14:00 h), with blood samples taken and subjective ratings of appetite, gastrointestinal (GI) discomfort, vitality, meal palatability, and mood assessed throughout the day. RESULTS Total ad libitum EI was reduced following both the gastric (4473 kJ; 95% CI: 3811, 5134; P = 0.006) and duodenal (4439 kJ; 95% CI: 3777, 5102; P = 0.004) hop treatments compared with the placebo (5383 kJ; 95% CI: 4722, 6045). Gastric and duodenal treatments stimulated prelunch ghrelin secretion and postprandial cholecystokinin, glucagon-like peptide 1, and peptide YY responses compared with placebo. In contrast, postprandial insulin, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide, and pancreatic polypeptide responses were reduced in gastric and duodenal treatments without affecting glycemia. In addition, gastric and duodenal treatments produced small but significant increases in subjective measures of GI discomfort (e.g., nausea, bloating, abdominal discomfort) with mild to severe adverse GI symptoms reported in the gastric treatment only. However, no significant treatment effects were observed for any subjective measures of appetite or meal palatability. CONCLUSIONS Both gastric and duodenal delivery of a hop extract modulates the release of hormones involved in appetite and glycemic regulation, providing a potential "bitter brake" on EI in healthy-weight men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward G Walker
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kim R Lo
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Malcolm C Pahl
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Hyun S Shin
- Human Nutrition Unit; School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Claudia Lang
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mark W Wohlers
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sally D Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit; School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kevin H Sutton
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | - John R Ingram
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland, New Zealand
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24
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Lim JJ, Liu Y, Lu LW, Barnett D, Sequeira IR, Poppitt SD. Does a Higher Protein Diet Promote Satiety and Weight Loss Independent of Carbohydrate Content? An 8-Week Low-Energy Diet (LED) Intervention. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030538. [PMID: 35276894 PMCID: PMC8838013 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Both higher protein (HP) and lower carbohydrate (LC) diets may promote satiety and enhance body weight (BW) loss. This study investigated whether HP can promote these outcomes independent of carbohydrate (CHO) content. 121 women with obesity (BW: 95.1 ± 13.0 kg, BMI: 35.4 ± 3.9 kg/m2) were randomised to either HP (1.2 g/kg BW) or normal protein (NP, 0.8 g/kg BW) diets, in combination with either LC (28 en%) or normal CHO (NC, 40 en%) diets. A low-energy diet partial diet replacement (LEDpdr) regime was used for 8 weeks, where participants consumed fixed-energy meal replacements plus one ad libitum meal daily. Four-day dietary records showed that daily energy intake (EI) was similar between groups (p = 0.744), but the difference in protein and CHO between groups was lower than expected. Following multiple imputation (completion rate 77%), decrease in mean BW, fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) at Week 8 in all was 7.5 ± 0.7 kg (p < 0.001), 5.7 ± 0.5 kg (p < 0.001), and 1.4 ± 0.7 kg (p = 0.054) respectively, but with no significant difference between diet groups. LC (CHO×Week, p < 0.05), but not HP, significantly promoted postprandial satiety during a preload challenge. Improvements in blood biomarkers were unrelated to LEDpdr macronutrient composition. In conclusion, HP did not promote satiety and BW loss compared to NP LEDpdr, irrespective of CHO content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Jiet Lim
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1024, New Zealand; (Y.L.); (L.W.L.); (I.R.S.); (S.D.P.)
- Riddet Institute, Palmerston North 4474, New Zealand
- Correspondence:
| | - Yutong Liu
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1024, New Zealand; (Y.L.); (L.W.L.); (I.R.S.); (S.D.P.)
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Louise Weiwei Lu
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1024, New Zealand; (Y.L.); (L.W.L.); (I.R.S.); (S.D.P.)
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Daniel Barnett
- Department of Statistics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand;
| | - Ivana R. Sequeira
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1024, New Zealand; (Y.L.); (L.W.L.); (I.R.S.); (S.D.P.)
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Sally D. Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1024, New Zealand; (Y.L.); (L.W.L.); (I.R.S.); (S.D.P.)
- Riddet Institute, Palmerston North 4474, New Zealand
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
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25
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Lim JJ, Sequeira IR, Yip WCY, Lu LW, Barnett D, Cameron-Smith D, Poppitt SD. Postprandial glycine as a biomarker of satiety: A dose-rising randomised control trial of whey protein in overweight women. Appetite 2021; 169:105871. [PMID: 34915106 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify biomarkers of appetite response, modelled using a dose-rising whey protein preload intervention. Female participants (n = 24) with body mass index (BMI) between 23 and 40 kg/m2 consumed preload beverages (0 g protein water control, WC; 12.5 g low-dose protein, LP; or 50.0 g high-dose protein, HP) after an overnight fast, in a randomised cross over design. Repeated venous blood samples were collected to measure plasma biomarkers of appetite response, including glucose, glucoregulatory peptides, gut peptides, and amino acids (AAs). Appetite was assessed using Visual Analogue Scales (VAS) and ad libitum energy intake (EI). Dose-rising protein beverage significantly changed the postprandial trajectory of almost all biomarkers (treatment*time, p < 0.05), but did not suppress postprandial appetite (treatment*time, p > 0.05) or EI (ANOVA, p = 0.799). Circulating glycine had the strongest association with appetite response. Higher area under the curve (AUC0-240) glycine was associated with lower EI (p = 0.026, trend). Furthermore, circulating glycine was associated with decreased Hunger in all treatment groups, whereas the associations of glucose, alanine and amylin with appetite were dependent on treatment groups. Multivariate models, incorporating multiple biomarkers, improved the estimation of appetite response (marginal R2, range: 0.13-0.43). In conclusion, whilst glycine, both alone and within a multivariate model, can estimate appetite response to both water and whey protein beverage consumption, a large proportion of variance in appetite response remains unexplained. Most biomarkers, when assessed in isolation, are poor predictors of appetite response, and likely of utility only in combination with VAS and EI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Jiet Lim
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Riddet Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
| | - Ivana R Sequeira
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Wilson C Y Yip
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Louise W Lu
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Daniel Barnett
- Department of Statistics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - David Cameron-Smith
- Riddet Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand; Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Sally D Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Riddet Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand; High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand; Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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26
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Cait A, Mooney A, Poyntz H, Shortt N, Jones A, Gestin A, Gell K, Grooby A, O'Sullivan D, Tang JS, Young W, Thayabaran D, Sparks J, Ostapowicz T, Tay A, Poppitt SD, Elliott S, Wakefield G, Parry-Strong A, Ralston J, Beasley R, Weatherall M, Braithwaite I, Forbes-Blom E, Gasser O. Potential Association Between Dietary Fibre and Humoral Response to the Seasonal Influenza Vaccine. Front Immunol 2021; 12:765528. [PMID: 34868014 PMCID: PMC8635806 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.765528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza vaccination is an effective public health measure to reduce the risk of influenza illness, particularly when the vaccine is well matched to circulating strains. Notwithstanding, the efficacy of influenza vaccination varies greatly among vaccinees due to largely unknown immunological determinants, thereby dampening population-wide protection. Here, we report that dietary fibre may play a significant role in humoral vaccine responses. We found dietary fibre intake and the abundance of fibre-fermenting intestinal bacteria to be positively correlated with humoral influenza vaccine-specific immune responses in human vaccinees, albeit without reaching statistical significance. Importantly, this correlation was largely driven by first-time vaccinees; prior influenza vaccination negatively correlated with vaccine immunogenicity. In support of these observations, dietary fibre consumption significantly enhanced humoral influenza vaccine responses in mice, where the effect was mechanistically linked to short-chain fatty acids, the bacterial fermentation product of dietary fibre. Overall, these findings may bear significant importance for emerging infectious agents, such as COVID-19, and associated de novo vaccinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alissa Cait
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Anna Mooney
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand.,High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Hazel Poyntz
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand.,High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nick Shortt
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand.,Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Angela Jones
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand.,High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Aurélie Gestin
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand.,High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Katie Gell
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Alix Grooby
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - David O'Sullivan
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand.,High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jeffry S Tang
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand.,High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Wayne Young
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand.,AgResearch, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Darmiga Thayabaran
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand.,Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Jenny Sparks
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand.,Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Tess Ostapowicz
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand.,Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Audrey Tay
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand.,Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sally D Poppitt
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand.,Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sarah Elliott
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand.,Food Savvy, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Georgia Wakefield
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand.,Food Savvy, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Amber Parry-Strong
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand.,Center for Endocrine, Diabetes and Obesity Research Capital & Coast District Health Board (CCDHB), Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Jacqui Ralston
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research Limited (ESR), National Centre for Biosecurity and Infectious Disease (NCBID), Upper Hutt, New Zealand
| | - Richard Beasley
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand.,Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Mark Weatherall
- Wellington School of Medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Irene Braithwaite
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand.,Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Elizabeth Forbes-Blom
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand.,High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Olivier Gasser
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand.,High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
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27
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Tremblay A, Fogelholm M, Jalo E, Westerterp-Plantenga MS, Adam TC, Huttunen-Lenz M, Stratton G, Lam T, Handjieva-Darlenska T, Handjiev S, Martinez JA, Macdonald IA, Simpson EJ, Brand-Miller J, Muirhead R, Poppitt SD, Silvestre MP, Larsen TM, Vestentoft PS, Schlicht W, Drapeau V, Raben A. What Is the Profile of Overweight Individuals Who Are Unsuccessful Responders to a Low-Energy Diet? A PREVIEW Sub-study. Front Nutr 2021; 8:707682. [PMID: 34796192 PMCID: PMC8593278 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.707682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to evaluate the profile of overweight individuals with pre-diabetes enrolled in PREVIEW who were unable to achieve a body weight loss of ≥8% of the baseline value in response to a 2-month low-energy diet (LED). Their baseline profile reflected potential stress-related vulnerability that predicted a reduced response of body weight to a LED programme. The mean daily energy deficit maintained by unsuccessful weight responders of both sexes was less than the estimated level in successful female (656 vs. 1,299 kcal, p < 0.01) and male (815 vs. 1,659 kcal, p < 0.01) responders. Despite this smaller energy deficit, unsuccessful responders displayed less favorable changes in susceptibility to hunger and appetite sensations. They also did not benefit from the intervention regarding the ability to improve sleep quality. In summary, these results show that some individuals display a behavioral vulnerability which may reduce the ability to lose weight in response to a diet-based weight loss program. They also suggest that this vulnerability may be accentuated by a prolonged diet restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Tremblay
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Mikael Fogelholm
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elli Jalo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Tanja C Adam
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Maija Huttunen-Lenz
- Institute of Nursing Science, University of Education, Schwäbisch Gmünd, Germany
| | - Gareth Stratton
- School of Sport and Exercise Sciences A-STEM Research Centre, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Tony Lam
- NetUnion sarl, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Svetoslav Handjiev
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - J Alfredo Martinez
- Department of Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERobn, Instituto de Salude Carlos III, Madrid Spain and IMDEA Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ian A Macdonald
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth J Simpson
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jennie Brand-Miller
- Charles Perkins Centre and School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Roslyn Muirhead
- Charles Perkins Centre and School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sally D Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Marta P Silvestre
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Centro de Investigaçao em Tecnologias e Serciços de Saûde (CINTESIS), NOVA Medical School NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Thomas M Larsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pia Siig Vestentoft
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Wolfgang Schlicht
- Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Stuggart, Stuggart, Germany
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Anne Raben
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen and Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark
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28
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Hajishafiee M, Ullrich SS, Fitzgerald PC, Horowitz M, Lange K, Poppitt SD, Feinle-Bisset C. Suppression of Energy Intake by Intragastric l-Tryptophan in Lean and Obese Men: Relations with Appetite Perceptions and Circulating Cholecystokinin and Tryptophan. J Nutr 2021; 151:2932-2941. [PMID: 34255069 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND l-Tryptophan reduces energy intake in healthy men. The underlying mechanisms, including appetite, plasma cholecystokinin (CCK), tryptophan (Trp), and the ratio of Trp to large neutral amino acids (Trp:LNAAs ratio), and whether responses differ in lean and obese individuals, are uncertain. OBJECTIVES We evaluated the effects of intragastric Trp on energy intake (primary outcome) and their potential mechanisms, pre- and postmeal, in lean men and those with obesity. METHODS Twelve lean men [mean ± SD age: 30 ± 3 y; BMI (in kg/m2): 23 ± 1] and 13 men with obesity (mean ± SD age: 31 ± 3 y; BMI: 33 ± 1) received, on 3 separate occasions, in double-blind, randomized order, 3 g ("Trp-3") or 1.5 g ("Trp-1.5") Trp, or control ("C"), intragastrically, 30 min before a buffet-meal. Energy intake from the buffet-meal, hunger, fullness, and plasma CCK and amino acid concentrations were measured in response to Trp alone and for 2 h postmeal. Data were analyzed using maximum likelihood mixed-effects models, with treatment, group, and treatment-by-group interaction as fixed effects. RESULTS Trp alone increased plasma CCK, Trp, and the Trp:LNAAs ratio (all P < 0.001), with no difference between groups. Trp suppressed energy intake (P < 0.001), with no difference between groups (lean, C: 1085 ± 102 kcal, Trp-1.5: 1009 ± 92 kcal, Trp-3: 868 ± 104 kcal; obese, C: 1249 ± 98 kcal, Trp-1.5: 1217 ± 90 kcal, Trp-3: 1012 ± 100 kcal). Postmeal, fullness was greater after Trp-3 than after C and Trp-1.5 (all P < 0.05), and in men with obesity than in lean men (P < 0.05). Plasma Trp and the Trp:LNAAs ratio were greater after Trp-3 and Trp-1.5 than after C (all P < 0.001), and tended to be less in men with obesity than in the lean (P = 0.07) (Trp:LNAAs ratio: lean, C: 1.5 ± 0.2, Trp-1.5: 6.9 ± 0.7, Trp-3: 10.7 ± 1.4; obese, C: 1.4 ± 0.1, Trp-1.5: 4.6 ± 0.7, Trp-3: 7.8 ± 1.3). There were inverse correlations of energy intake with plasma Trp and the Trp:LNAAs ratio in both groups (lean, both r = -0.50, P < 0.01; obese, both r = -0.40, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Intragastric Trp has potent energy intake-suppressant effects, in both lean men and those with obesity, apparently related to the Trp:LNAAs ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Hajishafiee
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Penelope Ce Fitzgerald
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Michael Horowitz
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Kylie Lange
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sally D Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Christine Feinle-Bisset
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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29
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Sequeira IR, Woodhead JST, Chan A, D'Souza RF, Wan J, Hollingsworth KG, Plank LD, Cohen P, Poppitt SD, Merry TL. Plasma mitochondrial derived peptides MOTS-c and SHLP2 positively associate with android and liver fat in people without diabetes. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2021; 1865:129991. [PMID: 34419510 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2021.129991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial-derived peptides (MDPs) are encoded by the mitochondrial genome and hypothesised to form part of a retrograde signalling network that modulates adaptive responses to metabolic stress. To understand how metabolic stress regulates MDPs in humans we assessed the association between circulating MOTS-c and SHLP2 and components of metabolic syndrome (MS), as well as depot-specific fat mass in participants without overt type 2 diabetes or cardiovascular disease. One-hundred and twenty-five Chinese participants (91 male, 34 female) had anthropometry, whole body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans and fasted blood samples analysed. Chinese female participants and an additional 34 European Caucasian female participants also underwent magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy (MRI/S) for visceral, pancreatic and liver fat quantification. In Chinese participants (age = 41 ± 1 years, BMI = 27.8 ± 3.9 kg/m2), plasma MOTS-c (315 ± 27 pg/ml) and SHLP2 (1393 ± 82 pg/ml) were elevated in those with MS (n = 26). While multiple components of the MS sequelae positively associated with both MOTS-c and SHLP2, including blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose and triglycerides, the most significant of these was waist circumference (p < 0.0001). Android fat had a greater effect on increasing plasma MOTS-c (p < 0.004) and SHLP2 (p < 0.009) relative to whole body fat. Associations with MRI/S parameters corrected for total body fat mass revealed that liver fat positively associated with plasma MOTS-c and SHLP2 and visceral fat with SHLP2. Consistent with hepatic stress being a driver of circulating MDP concentrations, plasma MOTS-c and SHLP2 were higher in participants with elevated liver damage markers and in male C57Bl/6j mice fed a diet that induces hepatic lipid accumulation and damage. Our findings provide evidence that in the absence of overt type 2 diabetes, components of the MS positively associated with levels of MOTS-c and SHLP2 and that android fat, in particular liver fat, is a primary driver of these associations. MOTS-c and SHLP2 have previously been shown to have cyto- and metabolo-protective properties, therefore we suggest that liver stress may be a mitochondrial peptide signal, and that mitochondrial peptides are part of a hepatic centric-hormetic response intended to restore metabolic balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana R Sequeira
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; High Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan S T Woodhead
- Discipline of Nutrition, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Alex Chan
- Discipline of Nutrition, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Randall F D'Souza
- Discipline of Nutrition, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Junxiang Wan
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kieren G Hollingsworth
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Lindsay D Plank
- Department of Surgery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Pinchas Cohen
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sally D Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; High Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, New Zealand; Riddet CoRE for Food and Nutrition, Massey University, New Zealand
| | - Troy L Merry
- Discipline of Nutrition, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
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30
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Drummen M, Adam TC, Macdonald IA, Jalo E, Larssen TM, Martinez JA, Handjiev-Darlenska T, Brand-Miller J, Poppitt SD, Stratton G, Pietiläinen KH, Taylor MA, Navas-Carretero S, Handjiev S, Muirhead R, Silvestre MP, Swindell N, Huttunen-Lenz M, Schlicht W, Lam T, Sundvall J, Raman L, Feskens E, Tremblay A, Raben A, Westerterp-Plantenga MS. Associations of changes in reported and estimated protein and energy intake with changes in insulin resistance, glycated hemoglobin, and BMI during the PREVIEW lifestyle intervention study. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 114:1847-1858. [PMID: 34375397 PMCID: PMC8574694 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observed associations of high-protein diets with changes in insulin resistance are inconclusive. OBJECTIVES We aimed to assess associations of changes in both reported and estimated protein (PRep; PEst) and energy intake (EIRep; EIEst) with changes in HOMA-IR, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and BMI (in kg/m2), in 1822 decreasing to 833 adults (week 156) with overweight and prediabetes, during the 3-y PREVIEW (PREVention of diabetes through lifestyle intervention and population studies In Europe and around the World) study on weight-loss maintenance. Eating behavior and measurement errors (MEs) of dietary intake were assessed. Thus, observational post hoc analyses were applied. METHODS Associations of changes in EIEst, EIRep, PEst, and PRep with changes in HOMA-IR, HbA1c, and BMI were determined by linear mixed-model analysis in 2 arms [high-protein-low-glycemic-index (GI) diet and moderate-protein-moderate-GI diet] of the PREVIEW study. EIEst was derived from energy requirement: total energy expenditure = basal metabolic rate × physical activity level; PEst from urinary nitrogen, and urea. MEs were calculated as [(EIEst - EIRep)/EIEst] × 100% and [(PRep - PEst)/PEst] × 100%. Eating behavior was determined using the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire, examining cognitive dietary restraint, disinhibition, and hunger. RESULTS Increases in PEst and PRep and decreases in EIEst and EIRep were associated with decreases in BMI, but not independently with decreases in HOMA-IR. Increases in PEst and PRep were associated with decreases in HbA1c. PRep and EIRep showed larger changes and stronger associations than PEst and EIEst. Mean ± SD MEs of EIRep and PRep were 38% ± 9% and 14% ± 4%, respectively; ME changes in EIRep and En% PRep were positively associated with changes in BMI and cognitive dietary restraint and inversely with disinhibition and hunger. CONCLUSIONS During weight-loss maintenance in adults with prediabetes, increase in protein intake and decrease in energy intake were not associated with decrease in HOMA-IR beyond associations with decrease in BMI. Increases in PEst and PRep were associated with decrease in HbA1c.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01777893.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathijs Drummen
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM—School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University,
Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Tanja C Adam
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM—School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University,
Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Ian A Macdonald
- MRC/Arthritis Research UK (ARUK) Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, ARUK Centre for Sport, Exercise, and Osteoarthritis, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Division of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Elli Jalo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Thomas M Larssen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - J Alfredo Martinez
- Department of Physiology and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN),
Madrid, Spain,IdisNA Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain,Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health Program, IMDEA-Food Institute (Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies), Campus of International Excellence (CEI) UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Jennie Brand-Miller
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sally D Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Gareth Stratton
- Applied Sports Technology, Exercise, and Medicine (A-STEM), College of Engineering Research Centre, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Kirsi H Pietiläinen
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,Obesity Center, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Moira A Taylor
- MRC/Arthritis Research UK (ARUK) Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, ARUK Centre for Sport, Exercise, and Osteoarthritis, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Division of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Santiago Navas-Carretero
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain,IdisNA Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain,Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Svetoslav Handjiev
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Roslyn Muirhead
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marta P Silvestre
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand,Center for Research in Health Technologies and Services (CINTESIS), NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Nils Swindell
- Applied Sports Technology, Exercise, and Medicine (A-STEM), College of Engineering Research Centre, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Maija Huttunen-Lenz
- Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany,Institute of Nursing Science, Schwäbisch Gmünd University of Education, Schwäbisch Gmünd, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schlicht
- Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Tony Lam
- NetUnion sarl, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jouko Sundvall
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Forensic Toxicology Unit, Department of Government Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Laura Raman
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Forensic Toxicology Unit, Department of Government Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Edith Feskens
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Angelo Tremblay
- Department of Kinesiology, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anne Raben
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark,Steno Diabetes Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
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31
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Zhu R, Fogelholm M, Larsen TM, Poppitt SD, Silvestre MP, Vestentoft PS, Jalo E, Navas-Carretero S, Huttunen-Lenz M, Taylor MA, Stratton G, Swindell N, Kaartinen NE, Lam T, Handjieva-Darlenska T, Handjiev S, Schlicht W, Martinez JA, Seimon RV, Sainsbury A, Macdonald IA, Westerterp-Plantenga MS, Brand-Miller J, Raben A. Corrigendum: A High-Protein, Low Glycemic Index Diet Suppresses Hunger but Not Weight Regain After Weight Loss: Results From a Large, 3-Years Randomized Trial (PREVIEW). Front Nutr 2021; 8:736531. [PMID: 34368215 PMCID: PMC8344043 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.736531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ruixin Zhu
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mikael Fogelholm
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Thomas M Larsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sally D Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Marta P Silvestre
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Center for Health Technology Services Research, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Pia S Vestentoft
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Elli Jalo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Santiago Navas-Carretero
- Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Area de Fisiologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain.,IdisNA Instituto for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maija Huttunen-Lenz
- Institute for Nursing Science, University of Education Schwäbisch Gmünd, Schwäbisch Gmünd, Germany
| | - Moira A Taylor
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth Stratton
- Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM) Research Centre, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Nils Swindell
- Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM) Research Centre, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Niina E Kaartinen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tony Lam
- NetUnion sarl, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Svetoslav Handjiev
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Wolfgang Schlicht
- Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - J Alfredo Martinez
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Area de Fisiologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain.,IdisNA Instituto for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Nutrition and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health Program, IMDEA (Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies)-Food Institute, CEI UAM + CSIC (Campus de Excelencia Internacional, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid + Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), Madrid, Spain
| | - Radhika V Seimon
- The Boden Collaboration for Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise, and Eating Disorders, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Amanda Sainsbury
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sports Science), Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Ian A Macdonald
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, ARUK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Margriet S Westerterp-Plantenga
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Jennie Brand-Miller
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anne Raben
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
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32
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Zhu R, Larsen TM, Fogelholm M, Poppitt SD, Vestentoft PS, Silvestre MP, Jalo E, Navas-Carretero S, Huttunen-Lenz M, Taylor MA, Stratton G, Swindell N, Drummen M, Adam TC, Ritz C, Sundvall J, Valsta LM, Muirhead R, Brodie S, Handjieva-Darlenska T, Handjiev S, Martinez JA, Macdonald IA, Westerterp-Plantenga MS, Brand-Miller J, Raben A. Dose-Dependent Associations of Dietary Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Fiber With 3-Year Weight Loss Maintenance and Glycemic Status in a High-Risk Population: A Secondary Analysis of the Diabetes Prevention Study PREVIEW. Diabetes Care 2021; 44:1672-1681. [PMID: 34045241 PMCID: PMC8323188 DOI: 10.2337/dc20-3092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine longitudinal and dose-dependent associations of dietary glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), and fiber with body weight and glycemic status during 3-year weight loss maintenance (WLM) in adults at high risk of type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In this secondary analysis we used pooled data from the PREVention of diabetes through lifestyle Intervention and population studies in Europe and around the World (PREVIEW) randomized controlled trial, which was designed to test the effects of four diet and physical activity interventions. A total of 1,279 participants with overweight or obesity (age 25-70 years and BMI ≥25 kg ⋅ m-2) and prediabetes at baseline were included. We used multiadjusted linear mixed models with repeated measurements to assess longitudinal and dose-dependent associations by merging the participants into one group and dividing them into GI, GL, and fiber tertiles, respectively. RESULTS In the available-case analysis, each 10-unit increment in GI was associated with a greater regain of weight (0.46 kg ⋅ year-1; 95% CI 0.23, 0.68; P < 0.001) and increase in HbA1c. Each 20-unit increment in GL was associated with a greater regain of weight (0.49 kg ⋅ year-1; 0.24, 0.75; P < 0.001) and increase in HbA1c. The associations of GI and GL with HbA1c were independent of weight change. Compared with those in the lowest tertiles, participants in the highest GI and GL tertiles had significantly greater weight regain and increases in HbA1c. Fiber was inversely associated with increases in waist circumference, but the associations with weight regain and glycemic status did not remain robust in different analyses. CONCLUSIONS Dietary GI and GL were positively associated with weight regain and deteriorating glycemic status. Stronger evidence on the role of fiber is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixin Zhu
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas M Larsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mikael Fogelholm
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sally D Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Pia S Vestentoft
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marta P Silvestre
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- CINTESIS, Nova Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Elli Jalo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Santiago Navas-Carretero
- Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Area de Fisiologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
- IdisNA Instituto for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maija Huttunen-Lenz
- Institute for Nursing Science, University of Education Schwäbisch Gmünd, Schwäbisch Gmünd, Germany
| | - Moira A Taylor
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, U.K
| | - Gareth Stratton
- Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM) Research Centre, Swansea University, Swansea, U.K
| | - Nils Swindell
- Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM) Research Centre, Swansea University, Swansea, U.K
| | - Mathijs Drummen
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Tanja C Adam
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Christian Ritz
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jouko Sundvall
- Department of Government Services, Forensic Toxicology Unit, Biochemistry Laboratory, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Liisa M Valsta
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Roslyn Muirhead
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Shannon Brodie
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Svetoslav Handjiev
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - J Alfredo Martinez
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Area de Fisiologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
- IdisNA Instituto for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Nutrition and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health Program, IMDEA-Food Institute (Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies), CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ian A Macdonald
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, ARUK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, U.K
| | - Margriet S Westerterp-Plantenga
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Jennie Brand-Miller
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anne Raben
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
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33
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Zhu R, Fogelholm M, Larsen TM, Poppitt SD, Silvestre MP, Vestentoft PS, Jalo E, Navas-Carretero S, Huttunen-Lenz M, Taylor MA, Stratton G, Swindell N, Kaartinen NE, Lam T, Handjieva-Darlenska T, Handjiev S, Schlicht W, Martinez JA, Seimon RV, Sainsbury A, Macdonald IA, Westerterp-Plantenga MS, Brand-Miller J, Raben A. A High-Protein, Low Glycemic Index Diet Suppresses Hunger but Not Weight Regain After Weight Loss: Results From a Large, 3-Years Randomized Trial (PREVIEW). Front Nutr 2021; 8:685648. [PMID: 34141717 PMCID: PMC8203925 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.685648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Previous studies have shown an increase in hunger during weight-loss maintenance (WLM) after diet-induced weight loss. Whether a combination of a higher protein, lower glycemic index (GI) diet and physical activity (PA) can counteract this change remains unclear. Aim: To compare the long-term effects of two diets [high protein (HP)-low GI vs. moderate protein (MP)-moderate GI] and two PA programs [high intensity (HI) vs. moderate intensity (MI)] on subjective appetite sensations during WLM after ≥8% weight loss (WL). Methods: Data derived from the 3-years PREVIEW randomized intervention study. An 8-weeks WL phase using a low-energy diet was followed by a 148-weeks randomized WLM phase. For the WLM phase, participants were assigned to one of the four groups: HP-MI, HP-HI, MP-MI, and MP-HI. Available data from 2,223 participants with overweight or obesity (68% women; BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2). Appetite sensations including satiety, hunger, desire to eat, and desire to eat something sweet during the two phases (at 0, 8 weeks and 26, 52, 104, and 156 weeks) were assessed based on the recall of feelings during the previous week using visual analogue scales. Differences in changes in appetite sensations from baseline between the groups were determined using linear mixed models with repeated measures. Results: There was no significant diet × PA interaction. From 52 weeks onwards, decreases in hunger were significantly greater in HP-low GI than MP-moderate GI (P time × diet = 0.018, P dietgroup = 0.021). Although there was no difference in weight regain between the diet groups (P time × diet = 0.630), hunger and satiety ratings correlated with changes in body weight at most timepoints. There were no significant differences in appetite sensations between the two PA groups. Decreases in hunger ratings were greater at 52 and 104 weeks in HP-HI vs. MP-HI, and greater at 104 and 156 weeks in HP-HI vs. MP-MI. Conclusions: This is the first long-term, large-scale randomized intervention to report that a HP-low GI diet was superior in preventing an increase in hunger, but not weight regain, during 3-years WLM compared with a MP-moderate GI diet. Similarly, HP-HI outperformed MP-HI in suppressing hunger. The role of exercise intensity requires further investigation. Clinical Trial Registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT01777893.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixin Zhu
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mikael Fogelholm
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Thomas M Larsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sally D Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Marta P Silvestre
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Center for Health Technology Services Research, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Pia S Vestentoft
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Elli Jalo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Santiago Navas-Carretero
- Department of Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Precision Nutrition Program, IMDEA Food, Campus de Excelencia Internacional, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid + Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maija Huttunen-Lenz
- Institute for Nursing Science, University of Education Schwäbisch Gmünd, Schwäbisch Gmünd, Germany
| | - Moira A Taylor
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth Stratton
- Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM) Research Centre, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Nils Swindell
- Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM) Research Centre, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Niina E Kaartinen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tony Lam
- NetUnion sarl, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Svetoslav Handjiev
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Wolfgang Schlicht
- Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - J Alfredo Martinez
- Department of Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Precision Nutrition Program, IMDEA Food, Campus de Excelencia Internacional, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid + Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Radhika V Seimon
- The Boden Collaboration for Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise, and Eating Disorders, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Amanda Sainsbury
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sports Science), Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Ian A Macdonald
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, ARUK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Margriet S Westerterp-Plantenga
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Jennie Brand-Miller
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anne Raben
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
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Lu LW, Silvestre MP, Sequeira IR, Plank LD, Foster M, Middleditch N, Acevedo-Fani A, Hollingsworth KG, Poppitt SD. A higher-protein nut-based snack product suppresses glycaemia and decreases glycaemic response to co-ingested carbohydrate in an overweight prediabetic Asian Chinese cohort: the Tū Ora postprandial RCT. J Nutr Sci 2021; 10:e30. [PMID: 34094511 PMCID: PMC8141680 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2021.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Nut-based products may aid low-glycaemic dietary strategies that are important for diabetes prevention in populations at increased risk of dysglycaemia, such as Asian Chinese. This randomised cross-over trial assessed the postprandial glycaemic response (0-120 min) of a higher-protein nut-based (HP-NB) snack formulation, in bar format (1009 kJ, Nutrient Profiling Score, NPS, -2), when compared with an iso-energetic higher-carbohydrate (CHO) cereal-based bar (HC-CB, 985 kJ, NPS +3). It also assessed the ability to suppress glucose response to a typical CHO-rich food (white bread, WB), when co-ingested. Ten overweight prediabetic Chinese adults (mean, sd: age 47⋅9, 15⋅7 years; BMI 25⋅5, 1⋅6 kg/m2), with total body fat plus ectopic pancreas and liver fat quantified using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy, received the five meal treatments in random order: HP-NB, HC-CB, HP-NB + WB (50 g available CHO), HC-CB + WB and WB only. Compared with HC-CB, HP-NB induced a significantly lower 30-120 min glucose response (P < 0⋅05), with an approximately 10-fold lower incremental area under the glucose curve (iAUC0-120; P < 0⋅001). HP-NB also attenuated glucose response by approximately 25 % when co-ingested with WB (P < 0⋅05). Half of the cohort had elevated pancreas and/or liver fat, with 13-21 % greater suppression of iAUC0-120 glucose in the low v. high organ fat subgroups across all five treatments. A nut-based snack product may be a healthier alternative to an energy equivalent cereal-based product with evidence of both a lower postprandial glycaemic response and modulation of CHO-induced hyperglycaemia even in high-risk, overweight, pre-diabetic adults.
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Key Words
- AUC, area under the curve
- BF, body fat
- BMI, body mass index
- CHO, carbohydrate
- DXA, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry
- Dried fruits
- GI, glycaemic index
- MRI
- MRI, magnetic resonance imaging
- MRS, magnetic resonance spectroscopy
- Nuts
- Postprandial glycaemia
- Prediabetes
- SAT, subcutaneous adipose tissue
- T2D, type 2 diabetes
- VAS, visual analogue scales
- VAT, visceral adipose tissue
- WB, white bread
- iAUC, incremental area under the curve
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise W. Lu
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Marta P. Silvestre
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ivana R. Sequeira
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lindsay D. Plank
- Department of Surgery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Meika Foster
- Edible Research Ltd, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Nikki Middleditch
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Alejandra Acevedo-Fani
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Kieren G. Hollingsworth
- Newcastle Magnetic Resonance Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sally D. Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Riddet Centre of Research Excellence (CoRE) for Food and Nutrition, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Figueiredo VC, D'Souza RF, Van Pelt DW, Lawrence MM, Zeng N, Markworth JF, Poppitt SD, Miller BF, Mitchell CJ, McCarthy JJ, Dupont‐Versteegden EE, Cameron‐Smith D. Ribosome biogenesis and degradation regulate translational capacity during muscle disuse and reloading. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2021; 12:130-143. [PMID: 33231914 PMCID: PMC7890271 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Translational capacity (i.e. ribosomal mass) is a key determinant of protein synthesis and has been associated with skeletal muscle hypertrophy. The role of translational capacity in muscle atrophy and regrowth from disuse is largely unknown. Therefore, we investigated the effect of muscle disuse and reloading on translational capacity in middle-aged men (Study 1) and in rats (Study 2). METHODS In Study 1, 28 male participants (age 50.03 ± 3.54 years) underwent 2 weeks of knee immobilization followed by 2 weeks of ambulatory recovery and a further 2 weeks of resistance training. Muscle biopsies were obtained for measurement of total RNA and pre-ribosomal (r)RNA expression, and vastus lateralis cross-sectional area (CSA) was determined via peripheral quantitative computed tomography. In Study 2, male rats underwent hindlimb suspension (HS) for either 24 h (HS 24 h, n = 4) or 7 days (HS 7d, n = 5), HS for 7 days followed by 7 days of reloading (Rel, n = 5) or remained as ambulatory weight bearing (WB, n = 5) controls. Rats received deuterium oxide throughout the study to determine RNA synthesis and degradation, and mTORC1 signalling pathway was assessed. RESULTS Two weeks of immobilization reduced total RNA concentration (20%) and CSA (4%) in men (both P ≤ 0.05). Ambulatory recovery restored total RNA concentration to baseline levels and partially restored muscle CSA. Total RNA concentration and 47S pre-rRNA expression increased above basal levels after resistance training (P ≤ 0.05). In rats, RNA synthesis was 30% lower while degradation was ~400% higher in HS 7d in soleus and plantaris muscles compared with WB (P ≤ 0.05). mTORC1 signalling was lower in HS compared with WB as was 47S pre-rRNA (P ≤ 0.05). With reloading, the aforementioned parameters were restored to WB levels while RNA degradation was suppressed (P ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Changes in RNA concentration following muscle disuse and reloading were associated with changes in ribosome biogenesis and degradation, indicating that both processes are important determinants of translational capacity. The pre-clinical data help explain the reduced translational capacity after muscle immobilization in humans and demonstrate that ribosome biogenesis and degradation might be valuable therapeutic targets to maintain muscle mass during disuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandré C. Figueiredo
- Liggins InstituteThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health SciencesUniversity of KentuckyKYUSA
- Center of Muscle BiologyUniversity of KentuckyKYUSA
| | | | - Douglas W. Van Pelt
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health SciencesUniversity of KentuckyKYUSA
- Center of Muscle BiologyUniversity of KentuckyKYUSA
| | - Marcus M. Lawrence
- Aging and Metabolism Research ProgramOklahoma Medical Research Foundation (OMRF)Oklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Nina Zeng
- Liggins InstituteThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | | | - Sally D. Poppitt
- School of Biological SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Benjamin F. Miller
- Aging and Metabolism Research ProgramOklahoma Medical Research Foundation (OMRF)Oklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Cameron J. Mitchell
- Liggins InstituteThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
- School of KinesiologyUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada
| | - John J. McCarthy
- Center of Muscle BiologyUniversity of KentuckyKYUSA
- College of MedicineUniversity of KentuckyKYUSA
| | - Esther E. Dupont‐Versteegden
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health SciencesUniversity of KentuckyKYUSA
- Center of Muscle BiologyUniversity of KentuckyKYUSA
| | - David Cameron‐Smith
- Liggins InstituteThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
- Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore
- Singapore Institute for Clinical SciencesAgency for Science, Technology and ResearchSingapore
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36
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Lee KL, Silvestre MP, AlSaud NH, Fogelholm M, Raben A, Poppitt SD. Investigating IGF-II and IGF2R serum markers as predictors of body weight loss following an 8-week acute weight loss intervention: PREVIEW sub-study. Obes Res Clin Pract 2021; 15:42-48. [PMID: 33431344 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2020.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Weight reduction is effective in preventing T2D however, weight reduction and maintenance is difficult to achieve on a population scale. Serum insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) and IGF-II receptor (IGF2R) have been associated with diabetic status and body weight in prior studies and, in addition, IGF-II has been indicated as predictive of future weight change. We measured these serum markers in participants with obesity/overweight and prediabetes from the New Zealand arm of the PREVIEW lifestyle intervention randomised trial before and after an 8-week low energy diet (LED). METHODS Total IGF-II (n = 223) and soluble IGF2R (n = 151) were measured using commercial ELISA kits on fasted serum samples taken prior to an 8-week LED and also from participants completing the LED. RESULTS IGF-II levels were not correlated with baseline body weight although mean levels did significantly decrease following the LED. Change in IGF-II serum level was correlated to fasting glucose change (p = 0.04) but not to weight change. Baseline serum IGF2R was correlated with BMI (p = 0.007) and was significantly higher in Māori compared to European Caucasian participants independent of body weight (p = 0.0016). Following LED, IGF2R change was positively associated with weight change (p = 0.02) when corrected for ethnicity. Pre-LED levels of these serum markers were not predictive of the magnitude of weight loss over the 8 weeks. CONCLUSION Neither marker was useful in predicting magnitude of short-term weight loss. IGF2R is positively associated with BMI and is higher in Māori compared to European Caucasian individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate L Lee
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Marta P Silvestre
- Human Nutrition Unit, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; CINTESIS - Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Serviços de Saúde
- NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nour H AlSaud
- Human Nutrition Unit, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Mikael Fogelholm
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne Raben
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 30, Frederiksberg C, DK-1958 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sally D Poppitt
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; Human Nutrition Unit, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
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37
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Hajishafiee M, Elovaris RA, Jones KL, Heilbronn LK, Horowitz M, Poppitt SD, Feinle-Bisset C. Effects of intragastric administration of L-tryptophan on the glycaemic response to a nutrient drink in men with type 2 diabetes - impacts on gastric emptying, glucoregulatory hormones and glucose absorption. Nutr Diabetes 2021; 11:3. [PMID: 33414406 PMCID: PMC7791097 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-020-00146-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rate of gastric emptying and glucoregulatory hormones are key determinants of postprandial glycaemia. Intragastric administration of L-tryptophan slows gastric emptying and reduces the glycaemic response to a nutrient drink in lean individuals and those with obesity. We investigated whether tryptophan decreases postprandial glycaemia and slows gastric emptying in type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS Twelve men with T2D (age: 63 ± 2 years, HbA1c: 49.7 ± 2.5 mmol/mol, BMI: 30 ± 1 kg/m2) received, on three separate occasions, 3 g ('Trp-3') or 1.5 g ('Trp-1.5') tryptophan, or control (0.9% saline), intragastrically, in randomised, double-blind fashion, 30 min before a mixed-nutrient drink (500 kcal, 74 g carbohydrates), containing 3 g 3-O-methyl-D-glucose (3-OMG) to assess glucose absorption. Venous blood samples were obtained at baseline, after tryptophan, and for 2 h post-drink for measurements of plasma glucose, C-peptide, glucagon and 3-OMG. Gastric emptying of the drink was quantified using two-dimensional ultrasound. RESULTS Tryptophan alone stimulated C-peptide (P = 0.002) and glucagon (P = 0.04), but did not affect fasting glucose. In response to the drink, Trp-3 lowered plasma glucose from t = 15-30 min and from t = 30-45 min compared with control and Trp-1.5, respectively (both P < 0.05), with no differences in peak glucose between treatments. Gastric emptying tended to be slower after Trp-3, but not Trp-1.5, than control (P = 0.06). Plasma C-peptide, glucagon and 3-OMG increased on all days, with no major differences between treatments. CONCLUSIONS In people with T2D, intragastric administration of 3 g tryptophan modestly slows gastric emptying, associated with a delayed rise, but not an overall lowering of, postprandial glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Hajishafiee
- Adelaide Medical School and Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Rachel A Elovaris
- Adelaide Medical School and Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Karen L Jones
- Adelaide Medical School and Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Leonie K Heilbronn
- Adelaide Medical School and Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Michael Horowitz
- Adelaide Medical School and Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Sally D Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Christine Feinle-Bisset
- Adelaide Medical School and Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
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38
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Wu ZE, Fraser K, Kruger MC, Sequeira IR, Yip W, Lu LW, Plank LD, Murphy R, Cooper GJS, Martin JC, Hollingsworth KG, Poppitt SD. Untargeted metabolomics reveals plasma metabolites predictive of ectopic fat in pancreas and liver as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging: the TOFI_Asia study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2021; 45:1844-1854. [PMID: 33994541 PMCID: PMC8310794 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00854-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excess visceral obesity and ectopic organ fat is associated with increased risk of cardiometabolic disease. However, circulating markers for early detection of ectopic fat, particularly pancreas and liver, are lacking. METHODS Lipid storage in pancreas, liver, abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) from 68 healthy or pre-diabetic Caucasian and Chinese women enroled in the TOFI_Asia study was assessed by magnetic resonance imaging/spectroscopy (MRI/S). Plasma metabolites were measured with untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC-MS). Multivariate partial least squares (PLS) regression identified metabolites predictive of VAT/SAT and ectopic fat; univariate linear regression adjusting for potential covariates identified individual metabolites associated with VAT/SAT and ectopic fat; linear regression adjusted for ethnicity identified clinical and anthropometric correlates for each fat depot. RESULTS PLS identified 56, 64 and 31 metabolites which jointly predicted pancreatic fat (R2Y = 0.81, Q2 = 0.69), liver fat (RY2 = 0.8, Q2 = 0.66) and VAT/SAT ((R2Y = 0.7, Q2 = 0.62)) respectively. Among the PLS-identified metabolites, none of them remained significantly associated with pancreatic fat after adjusting for all covariates. Dihydrosphingomyelin (dhSM(d36:0)), 3 phosphatidylethanolamines, 5 diacylglycerols (DG) and 40 triacylglycerols (TG) were associated with liver fat independent of covariates. Three DGs and 12 TGs were associated with VAT/SAT independent of covariates. Notably, comparison with clinical correlates showed better predictivity of ectopic fat by these PLS-identified plasma metabolite markers. CONCLUSIONS Untargeted metabolomics identified candidate markers of visceral and ectopic fat that improved fat level prediction over clinical markers. Several plasma metabolites were associated with level of liver fat and VAT/SAT ratio independent of age, total and visceral adiposity, whereas pancreatic fat deposition was only associated with increased sulfolithocholic acid independent of adiposity-related parameters, but not age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanxuan E. Wu
- grid.417738.e0000 0001 2110 5328Food Nutrition & Health, Food and Bio-based Products, AgResearch Limited, Palmerston North, New Zealand ,grid.148374.d0000 0001 0696 9806School of Health Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand ,High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Karl Fraser
- grid.417738.e0000 0001 2110 5328Food Nutrition & Health, Food and Bio-based Products, AgResearch Limited, Palmerston North, New Zealand ,High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand ,grid.148374.d0000 0001 0696 9806Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Marlena C. Kruger
- grid.148374.d0000 0001 0696 9806School of Health Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand ,grid.148374.d0000 0001 0696 9806Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Ivana R. Sequeira
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand ,grid.9654.e0000 0004 0372 3343Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Wilson Yip
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand ,grid.9654.e0000 0004 0372 3343Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Louise W. Lu
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand ,grid.9654.e0000 0004 0372 3343Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lindsay D. Plank
- grid.9654.e0000 0004 0372 3343Department of Surgery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Rinki Murphy
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand ,grid.9654.e0000 0004 0372 3343Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Garth J. S. Cooper
- grid.9654.e0000 0004 0372 3343Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand ,grid.9654.e0000 0004 0372 3343School of Biological Sciences University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand ,grid.5379.80000000121662407Centre for Advanced Discovery and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jean-Charles Martin
- grid.5399.60000 0001 2176 4817Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, INRAe, C2VN, BioMeT, Marseille, France
| | - Kieren G. Hollingsworth
- grid.1006.70000 0001 0462 7212Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sally D. Poppitt
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand ,grid.148374.d0000 0001 0696 9806Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand ,grid.9654.e0000 0004 0372 3343Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand ,grid.9654.e0000 0004 0372 3343Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand ,grid.9654.e0000 0004 0372 3343School of Biological Sciences University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Abstract
Cow's milk and dairy products derived from this complex food source have long been proposed as beneficial to human health, yet underlying clinical evidence of direct benefit continues to raise controversy. Limited evidence supports positive cardiometabolic effects of a number of dairy macro- and micronutrient components including whey protein and casein, unsaturated fats, milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) and polar phospholipids, vitamin D and calcium, in addition to non-bovine components including bacterial and yeast probiotics. More controversial remain lipid components trans fats, including trans vaccenic acid, trans palmitoleic acid, and conjugated cis trans linoleic acid (CLA), plus medium-chain and odd-chain dairy fats. New evidence is rapidly identifying multiple pathways by which these dairy nutrients may effect health. Processing, including fermentation and homogenization, may also have positive effects. Conversely, the high saturated fat content of dairy has long raised concern, aligned with international guidelines to minimize dietary intake of animal-origin saturated fatty acids (SFA) to achieve better cardiometabolic health. However, led in part by observational studies and meta-analyses showing dairy to have no or even an inverse association with cardiometabolic health, evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) has been scrutinized over the last 5 years, and focus on low-fat dairy has been challenged. Recent evidence supports the hypothesis that adverse effects of SFAs on metabolic health may be ameliorated when these fats are consumed within a complex matrix such as milk, cheese or yogurt, and that dairy food categories may influence outcomes as much as total fat content. For example, yogurt and high-fat, high-SFA cheese have a negative association with risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in many, not all, published trials. However, large sample dairy RCTs of long duration with CVD or T2D incidence as primary endpoints are lacking. This is a clear research gap, with these clinical studies required if a causative link between dairy and improved cardiometabolic health is to be confirmed and in turn promoted through dietary guidelines. Current advisories from national guidance groups such as American Heart Association (AHA) and European Society of Cardiology (ESC) continue to promote consumption of low-fat dairy products, whilst liquid milk and yogurt remain part of nutrition guidelines from joint American Diabetes Association (ADA)/European Association for Study of Diabetes (EASD) reports, and as part of a “no-one-size-fits-all” answer to diet and T2D by the ADA in their most recent 2019 Consensus Report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally D Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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40
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Wu ZE, Fraser K, Kruger MC, Sequeira IR, Yip W, Lu LW, Plank LD, Murphy R, Cooper GJS, Martin JC, Poppitt SD. Metabolomic signatures for visceral adiposity and dysglycaemia in Asian Chinese and Caucasian European adults: the cross-sectional TOFI_Asia study. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2020; 17:95. [PMID: 33292338 PMCID: PMC7667766 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-020-00518-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asian Chinese are more susceptible to deposition of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) development than European Caucasians when matched for gender, age and body mass index (BMI). Our aims were: (i) characterise the ethnicity-specific metabolomic signature of visceral adiposity measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and (ii) identify individuals susceptible to worse metabolic health outcomes. METHODS Fasting plasma samples from normoglycaemic (n = 274) and prediabetic (n = 83) participants were analysed with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry using untargeted metabolomics. Multiple linear regression adjusting for age, gender and BMI was performed to identify metabolites associated with FPG and VAT calculated as percentage of total body fat (%VATTBF) in each ethnic group. Metabolic risk groups in each ethnicity were stratified based on the joint metabolomic signature for FPG and %VATTBF and clinically characterised using partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and t-tests. RESULTS FPG was correlated with 40 and 110 metabolites in Caucasians and Chinese respectively, with diglyceride DG(38:5) (adjusted β = 0.29, p = 3.00E-05) in Caucasians and triglyceride TG(54:4) (adjusted β = 0.28, p = 2.02E-07) in Chinese being the most significantly correlated metabolite based on the p-value. %VATTBF was correlated with 85 and 119 metabolites in Caucasians and Chinese respectively, with TG(56:2) (adjusted β = 0.3, p = 8.25E-09) in Caucasians and TG(58:3) (adjusted β = 0.25, p = 2.34E-08) in Chinese being the most significantly correlated. 24 metabolites associated with FPG were common to both ethnicities including glycerolipid species. 67 metabolites associated with %VATTBF were common to both ethnicities including positive correlations with dihydroceramide, sphingomyelin, glycerolipid, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethnolamine, and inverse correlations with ether-linked phosphatidylcholine. Participant re-stratification found greater total and central adiposity, worse clinical lipid profiles, higher serum glucoregulatory peptides and liver enzymes in normal fasting glucose (NFG) individuals with a prediabetic metabolomic profile than NFG individuals with a normoglycaemic metabolomic profile in both ethnicities. CONCLUSIONS Untargeted metabolomics identified common and disparate metabolites associated with FPG and %VATTBF, with an ethnic-dimorphic signature for these metabolic traits. These signatures could improve risk stratification and identify NFG individuals with an adverse cardiometabolic and T2D risk profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanxuan E Wu
- Food Nutrition and Health, Food and Bio-Based Products, AgResearch Limited, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand.,School of Health Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand.,High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Karl Fraser
- Food Nutrition and Health, Food and Bio-Based Products, AgResearch Limited, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand. .,High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand. .,Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand.
| | - Marlena C Kruger
- School of Health Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand.,Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand
| | - Ivana R Sequeira
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand.,Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - Wilson Yip
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand.,Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - Louise W Lu
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand.,Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - Lindsay D Plank
- Department of Surgery, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - Rinki Murphy
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - Garth J S Cooper
- Department of Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand.,Centre for Advanced Discovery and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9NT, UK
| | | | - Sally D Poppitt
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand.,Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand.,Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand.,Department of Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
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41
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Hajishafiee M, Ullrich SS, Steinert RE, Poppitt SD, Luscombe-Marsh ND, Horowitz M, Feinle-Bisset C. Effects of intragastric tryptophan on acute changes in the plasma tryptophan/large neutral amino acids ratio and relationship with subsequent energy intake in lean and obese men. Food Funct 2020; 11:7095-7103. [PMID: 32729586 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00773k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tryptophan/large neutral amino acids (tryptophan/LNAA) ratio, an indicator of brain serotonin levels, may be important in appetite regulation, together with gastrointestinal (gastric emptying, plasma cholecystokinin) mechanisms. We have compared effects of intragastric tryptophan ('Trp') on the plasma tryptophan/LNAA ratio in lean and obese men, and the associations of the tryptophan/LNAA ratio, gastric emptying and CCK concentrations with energy intake. Lean and obese male participants (n = 16 each) received 3 g Trp or volume-matched control intragastrically, 15 min before a mixed-nutrient drink (300 mL, 400 kcal) (t = 0 min) in randomised, double-blind fashion. Plasma amino acid (for calculation of the plasma tryptophan/LNAA ratio) and CCK concentrations were measured from t = -20-60 min. Gastric emptying was assessed from t = 0-60 min, and ad-libitum energy intake from a standardised buffet-style meal from t = 60-90 min. The increase in the plasma tryptophan/LNAA ratio was less in obese, than lean, participants (P < 0.05), and greater in lean participants who reduced their energy intake (by >0 kcal) after Trp compared with those who did not (by ≤0 kcal) (P < 0.05). Moreover, in participants who reduced their energy intake, the ratio was lower in obese, than in lean (P < 0.05). There was a trend for an inverse correlation between energy intake with the plasma tryptophan/LNAA ratio in lean (r = -0.4, P = 0.08), but not in obese, participants. There was no significant difference in gastric emptying or CCK between participants who reduced their energy intake and those who did not. In conclusion, the plasma tryptophan/LNAA ratio appears to be a determinant of the suppression of energy intake in response to tryptophan in normal-weight people, but not in those with obesity. The role of the plasma tryptophan/LNAA ratio to regulate energy intake, and potential changes in obesity, warrant evaluation in prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Hajishafiee
- Adelaide Medical School and Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
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42
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Huttunen-Lenz M, Hansen S, Vestentoft PS, Meinert Larsen T, Westerterp-Plantenga M, Drummen M, Adam T, Macdonald I, Taylor M, Simpson E, Martinez JA, Navas-Carretero S, Handjieva-Darlenska T, Poppitt SD, Silvestre MP, Fogelholm M, Jalo E, Muirhead R, Brodie S, Brand-Miller J, Raben A, Schlicht W. Goal achievement and adaptive goal adjustment in a behavioral intervention for participants with prediabetes. J Health Psychol 2020; 26:2743-2755. [PMID: 32522040 DOI: 10.1177/1359105320925150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Participants with prediabetes were supported to achieve and maintain weight loss with a stage-based behavior change group program named PREview behavior Modification Intervention Toolbox (PREMIT). The tendency to engage in a process of goal adjustment was examined in relation to PREMIT attendance. Analyses were based on 1857 participants who had achieved ⩾8percent weight loss. Tendency to engage in a process of goal adjustment appeared not to be influenced by PREMIT attendance. Instead, results suggested that when unsure about reaching an intervention goal, participants were more likely to engage in a process of goal adjustment, possibly lessening distress due to potentially unachievable goals, either weight loss or maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sylvia Hansen
- University of Stuttgart, Germany.,University of Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - J Alfredo Martinez
- University of Navarra, Spain.,CIBERonn Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.,IMDEA Food Institute, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Martha P Silvestre
- The University of Auckland, New Zealand.,NOVA University of Lisbon, Portugal
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43
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Cuparencu C, Rinnan Å, Silvestre MP, Poppitt SD, Raben A, Dragsted LO. The anserine to carnosine ratio: an excellent discriminator between white and red meats consumed by free-living overweight participants of the PREVIEW study. Eur J Nutr 2020; 60:179-192. [PMID: 32246262 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02230-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomarkers of meat intake hold promise in clarifying the health effects of meat consumption, yet the differentiation between red and white meat remains a challenge. We measure meat intake objectively in a free-living population by applying a newly developed, three-step strategy for biomarker-based assessment of dietary intakes aimed to indicate if (1) any meat was consumed, (2) what type it was and (3) the quantity consumed. METHODS Twenty-four hour urine samples collected in a four-way crossover RCT and in a cross-sectional analysis of a longitudinal lifestyle intervention (the PREVIEW Study) were analyzed by untargeted LC-MS metabolomics. In the RCT, healthy volunteers consumed three test meals (beef, pork and chicken) and a control; in PREVIEW, overweight participants followed a diet with high or moderate protein levels. PLS-DA modeling of all possible combinations between six previously reported, partially validated, meat biomarkers was used to classify meat intake using samples from the RCT to predict consumption in PREVIEW. RESULTS Anserine best separated omnivores from vegetarians (AUROC 0.94-0.97), while the anserine to carnosine ratio best distinguished the consumption of red from white meat (AUROC 0.94). Carnosine showed a trend for dose-response between non-consumers, low consumers and high consumers for all meat categories, while in combination with other biomarkers the difference was significant. CONCLUSION It is possible to evaluate red meat intake by using combinations of existing biomarkers of white and general meat intake. Our results are novel and can be applied to assess qualitatively recent meat intake in nutritional studies. Further work to improve quantitation by biomarkers is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cătălina Cuparencu
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | - Åsmund Rinnan
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Marta P Silvestre
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sally D Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Anne Raben
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Lars O Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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44
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Steele ML, Janda M, Vagenas D, Ward LC, Cornish BH, Box R, Gordon S, Matthews M, Poppitt SD, Plank LD, Yip W, Rowan A, Reul-Hirche H, Obermair A, Hayes SC. A Bioimpedance Spectroscopy-Based Method for Diagnosis of Lower-Limb Lymphedema. Lymphat Res Biol 2020; 18:101-109. [DOI: 10.1089/lrb.2018.0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Megan L. Steele
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Monika Janda
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Centre for Health Services Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Dimitrios Vagenas
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Leigh C. Ward
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Bruce H. Cornish
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Robyn Box
- Queensland Lymphedema & Breast Oncology Physiotherapy, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Susan Gordon
- College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Melanie Matthews
- College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Sally D. Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lindsay D. Plank
- Department of Surgery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Wilson Yip
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Angela Rowan
- Fonterra Co-operative Group Limited, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Andreas Obermair
- Queensland Centre for Gynaecological Cancer Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sandra C. Hayes
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
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45
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Huttunen-Lenz M, Raben A, Meinert-Larsen T, Drummen M, Macdonald I, Martínez JA, Handjieva-Darlenska T, Poppitt SD, Jalo E, Muirhead R, Schlicht W. Sociocognitive factors associated with lifestyle intervention attrition after successful weight loss among participants with prediabetes-The PREVIEW study. Public Health Nurs 2020; 37:393-404. [PMID: 32160348 DOI: 10.1111/phn.12718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Major risk factors for type 2 diabetes are lifestyle choices such as lack of physical activity (PA) and poor diet. Many individuals either do not take part or struggle to complete interventions supporting lifestyle changes. Demographic and theory-based sociocognitive factors associated with PREVIEW intervention attrition after successful weight loss were examined. METHODS Participants (1,856) who started the weight maintenance phase after completion of low-energy diet were retrospectively divided into three clusters depending on the point they left the trial. Discriminant analysis examined which demographic and theory-based sociocognitive variables were associated with cluster membership. RESULTS Most of the participants were women and well-educated. Two discriminant functions were calculated (χ2 (24) = 247.0, p ≥ .05, d = 0.78). The demographic variables, such as age and ethnicity, and the social cognitive variable outcome expectancies on the other side were associated with cluster membership. Older age, Caucasian ethnicity, and fewer expected disadvantages of PA were associated with high success. DISCUSSION The discriminant model gave insight into some factors associated with early attrition. For practitioners planning interventions it underlines the necessity to take extra attention to younger participants and to those being afraid that being physically active causes unpleasant ramifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maija Huttunen-Lenz
- Institute of Nursing Science, University of Education Schwäbisch Gmünd, Schwäbisch Gmünd, Germany
| | - Anne Raben
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Thomas Meinert-Larsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Mathijs Drummen
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ian Macdonald
- School of Life Sciences, MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - José Alfredo Martínez
- Department of Nutrition and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra Pamplona, IDISNA Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III IMDEAfood Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Sally D Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Elli Jalo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Roslyn Muirhead
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Wolfgang Schlicht
- Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
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46
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Swindell N, Rees P, Fogelholm M, Drummen M, MacDonald I, Martinez JA, Navas-Carretero S, Handjieva-Darlenska T, Boyadjieva N, Bogdanov G, Poppitt SD, Gant N, Silvestre MP, Brand-Miller J, Schlicht W, Muirhead R, Brodie S, Tikkanen H, Jalo E, Westerterp-Plantenga M, Adam T, Vestentoft PS, Larsen TM, Raben A, Stratton G. Compositional analysis of the associations between 24-h movement behaviours and cardio-metabolic risk factors in overweight and obese adults with pre-diabetes from the PREVIEW study: cross-sectional baseline analysis. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2020; 17:29. [PMID: 32131847 PMCID: PMC7055067 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-00936-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity, sedentary time and sleep have been shown to be associated with cardio-metabolic health. However, these associations are typically studied in isolation or without accounting for the effect of all movement behaviours and the constrained nature of data that comprise a finite whole such as a 24 h day. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between the composition of daily movement behaviours (including sleep, sedentary time (ST), light intensity physical activity (LIPA) and moderate-to-vigorous activity (MVPA)) and cardio-metabolic health, in a cross-sectional analysis of adults with pre-diabetes. Further, we quantified the predicted differences following reallocation of time between behaviours. METHODS Accelerometers were used to quantify daily movement behaviours in 1462 adults from eight countries with a body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg·m- 2, impaired fasting glucose (IFG; 5.6-6.9 mmol·l- 1) and/or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT; 7.8-11.0 mmol•l- 1 2 h following oral glucose tolerance test, OGTT). Compositional isotemporal substitution was used to estimate the association of reallocating time between behaviours. RESULTS Replacing MVPA with any other behaviour around the mean composition was associated with a poorer cardio-metabolic risk profile. Conversely, when MVPA was increased, the relationships with cardiometabolic risk markers was favourable but with smaller predicted changes than when MVPA was replaced. Further, substituting ST with LIPA predicted improvements in cardio-metabolic risk markers, most notably insulin and HOMA-IR. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to use compositional analysis of the 24 h movement composition in adults with overweight/obesity and pre-diabetes. These findings build on previous literature that suggest replacing ST with LIPA may produce metabolic benefits that contribute to the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, the asymmetry in the predicted change in risk markers following the reallocation of time to/from MVPA highlights the importance of maintaining existing levels of MVPA. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01777893).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Swindell
- Engineering East, Swansea University, Fabian Way, Crymlyn Burrows, Skewen, Swansea, Wales, SA1 8EN.
| | - Paul Rees
- Engineering East, Swansea University, Fabian Way, Crymlyn Burrows, Skewen, Swansea, Wales, SA1 8EN
| | | | | | | | - J Alfredo Martinez
- Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra (UNAV), Pamplona, Spain
- CIBERObn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
- Program for Precision Nutrition, IMDEA Food Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Navas-Carretero
- Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra (UNAV), Pamplona, Spain
- CIBERObn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Sally D Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nicholas Gant
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Marta P Silvestre
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Elli Jalo
- University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Tanja Adam
- Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Anne Raben
- University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gareth Stratton
- Engineering East, Swansea University, Fabian Way, Crymlyn Burrows, Skewen, Swansea, Wales, SA1 8EN
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47
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Ramzan F, D'Souza RF, Durainayagam BR, Milan AM, Markworth JF, Miranda-Soberanis V, Sequeira IR, Roy NC, Poppitt SD, Mitchell CJ, Cameron-Smith D. Circulatory miRNA biomarkers of metabolic syndrome. Acta Diabetol 2020; 57:203-214. [PMID: 31435783 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-019-01406-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Circulatory microRNAs (c-miRNAs) exert important roles in the molecular dysregulation of cardio-metabolic diseases. However, little is known whether dysregulated miRNA expression occurs when risk factors are elevated, as in the metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study quantified c-miRNA expression in individuals with MetS compared to healthy, further examining the relationship of gene pathways with the underlying pathogenesis. METHODS Expression of 26 miRNAs was quantified in plasma from 40 women (20 healthy and 20 MetS) and 39 men (20 healthy and 19 MetS) by qPCR. In silico analysis was performed to investigate biological effects of the dysregulated miRNAs. Dysregulated miRNA expression was further validated in an independent cohort of 20 women (10 healthy and 10 MetS). RESULTS Regression model adjusted for age and sex identified miR-15a-5p, miR-17-5p, miR-370-3p and miR-375 as important predictors of MetS presence. Analysis of predictive miRNAs in the validation cohort strengthened the relationship with miR-15a-5p and miR-17-5p expression. These miRNAs share genes involved in the regulation of metabolic pathways including insulin, wnt, fatty acid metabolism and AMPK. CONCLUSIONS miR-15a-5p and miR-17-5p were identified as predictive biomarkers of MetS, irrespective of sexes, further demonstrating the relationship of c-miRNAs to known pathways of metabolic disturbances present in cardio-metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ramzan
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
- The Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - R F D'Souza
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - B R Durainayagam
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - A M Milan
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - J F Markworth
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | | | - I R Sequeira
- The High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - N C Roy
- Food Nutrition and Health Team, AgResearch Grasslands, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- The Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- The High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Food and Bio-Based Products Group, AgResearch Ltd., Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - S D Poppitt
- The Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- The High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - C J Mitchell
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
- School of Kinesiology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - D Cameron-Smith
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.
- The Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
- Food and Bio-Based Products Group, AgResearch Ltd., Palmerston North, New Zealand.
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48
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Sayers SR, Beavil RL, Fine NHF, Huang GC, Choudhary P, Pacholarz KJ, Barran PE, Butterworth S, Mills CE, Cruickshank JK, Silvestre MP, Poppitt SD, McGill AT, Lavery GG, Hodson DJ, Caton PW. Structure-functional changes in eNAMPT at high concentrations mediate mouse and human beta cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia 2020; 63:313-323. [PMID: 31732790 PMCID: PMC6946736 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-019-05029-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Progressive decline in functional beta cell mass is central to the development of type 2 diabetes. Elevated serum levels of extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (eNAMPT) are associated with beta cell failure in type 2 diabetes and eNAMPT immuno-neutralisation improves glucose tolerance in mouse models of diabetes. Despite this, the effects of eNAMPT on functional beta cell mass are poorly elucidated, with some studies having separately reported beta cell-protective effects of eNAMPT. eNAMPT exists in structurally and functionally distinct monomeric and dimeric forms. Dimerisation is essential for the NAD-biosynthetic capacity of NAMPT. Monomeric eNAMPT does not possess NAD-biosynthetic capacity and may exert distinct NAD-independent effects. This study aimed to fully characterise the structure-functional effects of eNAMPT on pancreatic beta cell functional mass and to relate these to beta cell failure in type 2 diabetes. METHODS CD-1 mice and serum from obese humans who were without diabetes, with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) or with type 2 diabetes (from the Body Fat, Surgery and Hormone [BodyFatS&H] study) or with or at risk of developing type 2 diabetes (from the VaSera trial) were used in this study. We generated recombinant wild-type and monomeric eNAMPT to explore the effects of eNAMPT on functional beta cell mass in isolated mouse and human islets. Beta cell function was determined by static and dynamic insulin secretion and intracellular calcium microfluorimetry. NAD-biosynthetic capacity of eNAMPT was assessed by colorimetric and fluorescent assays and by native mass spectrometry. Islet cell number was determined by immunohistochemical staining for insulin, glucagon and somatostatin, with islet apoptosis determined by caspase 3/7 activity. Markers of inflammation and beta cell identity were determined by quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Total, monomeric and dimeric eNAMPT and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) were evaluated by ELISA, western blot and fluorometric assay using serum from non-diabetic, glucose intolerant and type 2 diabetic individuals. RESULTS eNAMPT exerts bimodal and concentration- and structure-functional-dependent effects on beta cell functional mass. At low physiological concentrations (~1 ng/ml), as seen in serum from humans without diabetes, eNAMPT enhances beta cell function through NAD-dependent mechanisms, consistent with eNAMPT being present as a dimer. However, as eNAMPT concentrations rise to ~5 ng/ml, as in type 2 diabetes, eNAMPT begins to adopt a monomeric form and mediates beta cell dysfunction, reduced beta cell identity and number, increased alpha cell number and increased apoptosis, through NAD-independent proinflammatory mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION We have characterised a novel mechanism of beta cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. At low physiological levels, eNAMPT exists in dimer form and maintains beta cell function and identity through NAD-dependent mechanisms. However, as eNAMPT levels rise, as in type 2 diabetes, structure-functional changes occur resulting in marked elevation of monomeric eNAMPT, which induces a diabetic phenotype in pancreatic islets. Strategies to selectively target monomeric eNAMPT could represent promising therapeutic strategies for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie R Sayers
- Diabetes Research Group, Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, Hodgkin Building, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Rebecca L Beavil
- Protein Production Facility, Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Nicholas H F Fine
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
| | - Guo C Huang
- Diabetes Research Group, Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, Hodgkin Building, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Pratik Choudhary
- Diabetes Research Group, Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, Hodgkin Building, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Kamila J Pacholarz
- Michael Barber Centre for Collaborative Mass Spectrometry, School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Manchester, UK
| | - Perdita E Barran
- Michael Barber Centre for Collaborative Mass Spectrometry, School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Manchester, UK
| | - Sam Butterworth
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Charlotte E Mills
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Nutrition Research Group, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - J Kennedy Cruickshank
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Marta P Silvestre
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sally D Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Anne-Thea McGill
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- School of Health & Human Sciences, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Gareth G Lavery
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
| | - David J Hodson
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
| | - Paul W Caton
- Diabetes Research Group, Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, Hodgkin Building, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK.
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
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Chan AH, D'Souza RF, Beals JW, Zeng N, Prodhan U, Fanning AC, Poppitt SD, Li Z, Burd NA, Cameron-Smith D, Mitchell CJ. The Degree of Aminoacidemia after Dairy Protein Ingestion Does Not Modulate the Postexercise Anabolic Response in Young Men: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Nutr 2019; 149:1511-1522. [PMID: 31152658 PMCID: PMC7443755 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance exercise and dietary protein stimulate muscle protein synthesis (MPS). The rate at which proteins are digested and absorbed into circulation alters peak plasma amino acid concentrations and may modulate postexercise MPS. A novel mineral modified milk protein concentrate (mMPC), with identical amino acid composition to standard milk protein concentrate (MPC), was formulated to induce rapid aminoacidemia. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine whether rapid aminoacidemia and greater peak essential amino acid (EAA) concentrations induced by mMPC would stimulate greater postresistance exercise MPS, anabolic signaling, and ribosome biogenesis compared to standard dairy proteins, which induce a small but sustained plasma essential aminoacidemia. METHODS Thirty healthy young men (22.5 ± 3.0 y; BMI 23.8 ± 2.7 kg/m2) received primed constant infusions of l-[ring-13C6]-phenylalanine and completed 3 sets of leg presses and leg extensions at 80% of 1 repetition. Afterwards, participants were randomly assigned in a double-blind fashion to consume 25 g mMPC, MPC, or calcium caseinate (CAS). Vastus lateralis biopsies were collected at rest, and 2 and 4 h post exercise. RESULTS Plasma EAA concentrations, including leucine, were 19.2-26.6% greater in the mMPC group 45-90 min post ingestion than in MPC and CAS groups (P < 0.001). Myofibrillar fractional synthetic rate from baseline to 4 h was increased by 82.6 ± 64.8%, 137.8 ± 72.1%, and 140.6 ± 52.4% in the MPC, mMPC, and CAS groups, respectively, with no difference between groups (P = 0.548). Phosphorylation of anabolic signaling targets (P70S6KThr389, P70S6KThr421/Ser424, RPS6Ser235/236, RPS6Ser240/244, P90RSKSer380, 4EBP1) were elevated by <3-fold at both 2 and 4 h post exercise in all groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The amplitude of plasma leucine and EAA concentrations does not modulate the anabolic response to resistance exercise after ingestion of 25 g dairy protein in young men. This trial was registered at http://www.anzctr.org.au/ as ACTRN12617000393358.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Aaron C Fanning
- Fonterra Research and Development Centre, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Sally D Poppitt
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand,Riddet Institute, Centre of Research Excellence (CoRE), Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Zhong Li
- Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center
| | - Nicholas A Burd
- Division of Nutritional Sciences,Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
| | - David Cameron-Smith
- Liggins Institute,Riddet Institute, Centre of Research Excellence (CoRE), Palmerston North, New Zealand,Food & Bio-based Products Group, AgResearch, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Cameron J Mitchell
- Liggins Institute,School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada,Address correspondence to CJM (E-mail: )
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50
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Wu ZE, Kruger MC, Cooper GJS, Poppitt SD, Fraser K. Tissue-Specific Sample Dilution: An Important Parameter to Optimise Prior to Untargeted LC-MS Metabolomics. Metabolites 2019; 9:metabo9070124. [PMID: 31252691 PMCID: PMC6680868 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9070124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
When developing a sample preparation protocol for LC–MS untargeted metabolomics of a new sample matrix unfamiliar to the laboratory, selection of a suitable injection concentration is rarely described. Here we developed a simple workflow to address this issue prior to untargeted LC–MS metabolomics using pig adipose tissue and liver tissue. Bi-phasic extraction was performed to enable simultaneous optimisation of parameters for analysis of both lipids and polar extracts. A series of diluted pooled samples were analysed by LC–MS and used to evaluate signal linearity. Suitable injected concentrations were determined based on both the number of reproducible features and linear features. With our laboratory settings, the optimum concentrations of tissue mass to reconstitution solvent of liver and adipose tissue lipid fractions were found to be 125 mg/mL and 7.81 mg/mL respectively, producing 2811 (ESI+) and 4326 (ESI−) linear features from liver, 698 (ESI+) and 498 (ESI−) linear features from adipose tissue. For analysis of the polar fraction of both tissues, 250 mg/mL was suitable, producing 403 (ESI+) and 235 (ESI−) linear features from liver, 114 (ESI+) and 108 (ESI−) linear features from adipose tissue. Incorrect reconstitution volumes resulted in either severe overloading or poor linearity in our lipid data, while too dilute polar fractions resulted in a low number of reproducible features (<50) compared to hundreds of reproducible features from the optimum concentration used. Our study highlights on multiple matrices and multiple extract and chromatography types, the critical importance of determining a suitable injected concentration prior to untargeted LC–MS metabolomics, with the described workflow applicable to any matrix and LC–MS system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanxuan E Wu
- Food Nutrition & Health, Food and Bio-based Products, AgResearch Limited, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Marlena C Kruger
- School of Health Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Garth J S Cooper
- Centre for Advanced Discovery and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9NT, UK
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences and Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Sally D Poppitt
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences and Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Karl Fraser
- Food Nutrition & Health, Food and Bio-based Products, AgResearch Limited, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
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