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Mrnjavac N, Nagies FSP, Wimmer JLE, Kapust N, Knopp MR, Trost K, Modjewski L, Bremer N, Mentel M, Esposti MD, Mizrahi I, Allen JF, Martin WF. The radical impact of oxygen on prokaryotic evolution-enzyme inhibition first, uninhibited essential biosyntheses second, aerobic respiration third. FEBS Lett 2024; 598:1692-1714. [PMID: 38750628 PMCID: PMC7616280 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Molecular oxygen is a stable diradical. All O2-dependent enzymes employ a radical mechanism. Generated by cyanobacteria, O2 started accumulating on Earth 2.4 billion years ago. Its evolutionary impact is traditionally sought in respiration and energy yield. We mapped 365 O2-dependent enzymatic reactions of prokaryotes to phylogenies for the corresponding 792 protein families. The main physiological adaptations imparted by O2-dependent enzymes were not energy conservation, but novel organic substrate oxidations and O2-dependent, hence O2-tolerant, alternative pathways for O2-inhibited reactions. Oxygen-dependent enzymes evolved in ancestrally anaerobic pathways for essential cofactor biosynthesis including NAD+, pyridoxal, thiamine, ubiquinone, cobalamin, heme, and chlorophyll. These innovations allowed prokaryotes to synthesize essential cofactors in O2-containing environments, a prerequisite for the later emergence of aerobic respiratory chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Mrnjavac
- Institute of Molecular Evolution, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Falk S P Nagies
- Institute of Molecular Evolution, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jessica L E Wimmer
- Institute of Molecular Evolution, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nils Kapust
- Institute of Molecular Evolution, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael R Knopp
- Institute of Molecular Evolution, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Katharina Trost
- Institute of Molecular Evolution, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Luca Modjewski
- Institute of Molecular Evolution, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nico Bremer
- Institute of Molecular Evolution, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marek Mentel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Itzhak Mizrahi
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev and The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Be'er-Sheva, Israel
| | - John F Allen
- Research Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, UK
| | - William F Martin
- Institute of Molecular Evolution, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
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2
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Cao X, Li G, Xie J, Wu M, Wang W, Xiao L, Qian Z. Screening Antioxidant Components in Different Parts of Dandelion Using Online Gradient Pressure Liquid Extraction Coupled with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Antioxidant Analysis System and Molecular Simulations. Molecules 2024; 29:2315. [PMID: 38792176 PMCID: PMC11124315 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Utilizing online gradient pressure liquid extraction (OGPLE) coupled with a high-performance liquid chromatography antioxidant analysis system, we examined the antioxidative active components present in both the aerial parts and roots of dandelion. By optimizing the chromatographic conditions, we identified the ferric reducing-antioxidant power system as the most suitable for online antioxidant reactions in dandelion. Compared to offline ultrasonic extraction, the OGPLE method demonstrated superior efficiency in extracting chemical components with varying polarities from the samples. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed twelve compounds within the dandelion samples, with nine demonstrating considerable antioxidant efficacy. Of these, the aerial parts and roots of dandelion contained nine and four antioxidant constituents, respectively. Additionally, molecular docking studies were carried out to investigate the interaction between these nine antioxidants and four proteins associated with oxidative stress (glutathione peroxidase, inducible nitric oxide synthase, superoxide dismutase, and xanthine oxidase). The nine antioxidant compounds displayed notable binding affinities below -5.0 kcal/mol with the selected proteins, suggesting potential receptor-ligand interactions. These findings contribute to enhancing our understanding of dandelion and provide a comprehensive methodology for screening the natural antioxidant components from herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Cao
- College of Medical Imaging Laboratory and Rehabilitation, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423000, China; (X.C.); (G.L.); (J.X.)
| | - Gaoquan Li
- College of Medical Imaging Laboratory and Rehabilitation, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423000, China; (X.C.); (G.L.); (J.X.)
| | - Juying Xie
- College of Medical Imaging Laboratory and Rehabilitation, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423000, China; (X.C.); (G.L.); (J.X.)
| | - Mengqi Wu
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongguan HEC Cordyceps R&D Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523850, China
| | - Wenhao Wang
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongguan HEC Cordyceps R&D Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523850, China
| | - Li Xiao
- College of Medical Imaging Laboratory and Rehabilitation, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423000, China; (X.C.); (G.L.); (J.X.)
| | - Zhengming Qian
- College of Medical Imaging Laboratory and Rehabilitation, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423000, China; (X.C.); (G.L.); (J.X.)
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongguan HEC Cordyceps R&D Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523850, China
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3
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Dos Santos RL, Mariz CF, Mascarenhas-Júnior PB, Barboza RSL, Dos Santos EM, de Sousa Correia JM, de Carvalho PSM. Nondestructive Evaluation of Metal Bioaccumulation and Biochemical Biomarkers in Blood of Broad-Snouted Caiman (Caiman latirostris) from Northeastern Brasil. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38411291 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Studies on the bioaccumulation and toxicity of contaminants in Crocodylians are scarce. We evaluated alterations in concentrations of the nondestructive biomarkers butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and reduced glutathione (GSH), together with bioaccumulation of the metals iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), chronium (Cr), aluminium (Al), and lead (Pb) in Caiman latirostris captured in Tapacurá Reservoir (TR; São Lourenço da Mata, Pernambuco, Brasil), in urbanized areas of Pernambuco State (UA; Brasil) and from the AME Brasil caiman farm (AF; Marechal Deodoro, Alagoas, Brasil); the latter was used as a potential reference with low levels of contamination. For metal analysis, 500 µL of blood was digested in 65% HNO3 and 30% H2 O2 . The samples were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. For analysis of biomarkers, an aliquot of blood was centrifuged to obtain plasma in which biochemical assays were performed. Blood concentrations of metals analyzed in animals from AF were lower compared with TR and UA, confirming that animals from the caiman farm could be used as references with low levels of contamination. Iron, Cu, Mn, Al, and Pb exceeded toxic levels for other vertebrates in animals from TR and UA. Butyrylcholinesterase activity showed significant reduction in adults from UA and TR compared with AF. An increase in the activity of GST and GSH, in adults of TR and UA in relation to AF, was verified. Superoxide dismutase activity showed a significant reduction in adults of TR in relation to AF, and the concentrations of Cu and Mn were negatively correlated with SOD activity. Animals from UA and TR showed greater concentrations of the analyzed metals compared with reference animals, and changes in biomarkers were seen, confirming the potential of these nondestructive chemical and biological parameters in blood of C. latirostris for biomonitoring of pollution. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;00:1-18. © 2024 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayssa Lima Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Anfibios e Répteis, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil
| | - Célio Freire Mariz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil
| | - Paulo Braga Mascarenhas-Júnior
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Anfibios e Répteis, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil
| | - Rafael Sá Leitão Barboza
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Anfibios e Répteis, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil
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Quiroz LF, Ciosek T, Grogan H, McKeown PC, Spillane C, Brychkova G. Unravelling the Transcriptional Response of Agaricus bisporus under Lecanicillium fungicola Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1283. [PMID: 38279283 PMCID: PMC10815960 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mushrooms are a nutritionally rich and sustainably-produced food with a growing global market. Agaricus bisporus accounts for 11% of the total world mushroom production and it is the dominant species cultivated in Europe. It faces threats from pathogens that cause important production losses, including the mycoparasite Lecanicillium fungicola, the causative agent of dry bubble disease. Through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), we determine the impact of L. fungicola infection on the transcription patterns of A. bisporus genes involved in key cellular processes. Notably, genes related to cell division, fruiting body development, and apoptosis exhibit dynamic transcriptional changes in response to infection. Furthermore, A. bisporus infected with L. fungicola were found to accumulate increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Interestingly, the transcription levels of genes involved in the production and scavenging mechanisms of ROS were also increased, suggesting the involvement of changes to ROS homeostasis in response to L. fungicola infection. These findings identify potential links between enhanced cell proliferation, impaired fruiting body development, and ROS-mediated defence strategies during the A. bisporus (host)-L. fungicola (pathogen) interaction, and offer avenues for innovative disease control strategies and improved understanding of fungal pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Felipe Quiroz
- Agriculture and Bioeconomy Research Centre, Ryan Institute, University of Galway, University Road, H91 REW4 Galway, Ireland; (L.F.Q.); (C.S.)
| | - Tessa Ciosek
- Agriculture and Bioeconomy Research Centre, Ryan Institute, University of Galway, University Road, H91 REW4 Galway, Ireland; (L.F.Q.); (C.S.)
| | - Helen Grogan
- Teagasc, Horticulture Development Department, Ashtown Research Centre, D15 KN3K Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Peter C. McKeown
- Agriculture and Bioeconomy Research Centre, Ryan Institute, University of Galway, University Road, H91 REW4 Galway, Ireland; (L.F.Q.); (C.S.)
| | - Charles Spillane
- Agriculture and Bioeconomy Research Centre, Ryan Institute, University of Galway, University Road, H91 REW4 Galway, Ireland; (L.F.Q.); (C.S.)
| | - Galina Brychkova
- Agriculture and Bioeconomy Research Centre, Ryan Institute, University of Galway, University Road, H91 REW4 Galway, Ireland; (L.F.Q.); (C.S.)
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5
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Lagarda-Clark EA, Goulet C, Duarte-Sierra A. Biochemical dynamics during postharvest: Highlighting the interplay of stress during storage and maturation of fresh produce. Biomol Concepts 2024; 15:bmc-2022-0048. [PMID: 38587059 DOI: 10.1515/bmc-2022-0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The lifecycle of fresh produce involves a sequence of biochemical events during their ontology, and these events are particularly significant for climacteric fruits. A high demand during ripening is observed in these plant products, which is reflected in a high rate of respiration and ethylene production. Increased respiratory demand triggers the activation of secondary pathways such as alternate oxidase, which do not experience critical increases in energy consumption in non-climacteric fruit. In addition, biochemical events produced by external factors lead to compensatory responses in fresh produce to counteract the oxidative stress caused by the former. The dynamics of these responses are accompanied by signaling, where reactive oxygen species play a pivotal role in fresh product cell perception. This review aims to describe the protection mechanisms of fresh produce against environmental challenges and how controlled doses of abiotic stressors can be used to improve quality and prolong their shelf-life through the interaction of stress and defense mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Alonso Lagarda-Clark
- Food Science Department, Laval University, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Center for Research in Plant Innovation (CRIV), Laval University, Quebec, QC G1V 6 0A6, Canada
- Institute on Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec, QC G1V 8 0A6, Canada
| | - Charles Goulet
- Food Science Department, Laval University, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Center for Research in Plant Innovation (CRIV), Laval University, Quebec, QC G1V 6 0A6, Canada
- Department of Phytology, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Arturo Duarte-Sierra
- Food Science Department, Laval University, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Center for Research in Plant Innovation (CRIV), Laval University, Quebec, QC G1V 6 0A6, Canada
- Institute on Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec, QC G1V 8 0A6, Canada
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Florek E, Szukalska M, Markiewicz K, Miechowicz I, Gornowicz-Porowska J, Jelińska A, Kasprzyk-Pochopień J, Nawrot J, Sobczak A, Horoszkiewicz M, Piekoszewski W, Nowak G. Evaluation of the Protective and Regenerative Properties of Commercially Available Artichoke Leaf Powder Extract on Plasma and Liver Oxidative Stress Parameters. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1846. [PMID: 37891925 PMCID: PMC10604870 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular damage by the harmful effects of xenobiotics, which increase the production of free radicals, is a widespread phenomenon. The extract from the leaves of Cynara scolymus L. available as an artichoke preparation (natural source) of antioxidants may serve as a potential hepatoprotective factor. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the protective and regenerative properties of artichoke preparation on the liver in three extract doses: 0.5; 1.0; and 1.5 g/kg bw/day. The evaluation was conducted by measuring the levels of oxidative stress parameters, including glutathione (GSH), glutathione S-transferases (GST), nitric oxide (NO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), paraoxonase 1 (PON1), SH- group, nitrosylated protein (RSNO), as well as such liver enzymes as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the plasma and liver homogenate of rats with liver damage induced by CCl4 (1 mL/kg bw). Measurements were taken in plasma and liver homogenate. The results have demonstrated that the artichoke preparation, owing to its high antioxidative potential, exhibits protective and regenerative effects on the liver. This is supported by the observation of higher GSH levels in the plasma of rats treated with artichoke extract for two weeks before CCl4 exposure. Furthermore, the artichoke extract has shown regenerative properties, as evidenced by lower ALT, AST, and SOD activity in the group treated with artichoke extract after CCl4 exposure. These findings suggest that the in vivo administration of artichoke preparation may be beneficial for the protection and regeneration of the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Florek
- Laboratory of Environmental Research, Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-631 Poznan, Poland; (M.S.); (K.M.)
| | - Marta Szukalska
- Laboratory of Environmental Research, Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-631 Poznan, Poland; (M.S.); (K.M.)
| | - Katarzyna Markiewicz
- Laboratory of Environmental Research, Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-631 Poznan, Poland; (M.S.); (K.M.)
| | - Izabela Miechowicz
- Department of Computer Science and Statistics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Justyna Gornowicz-Porowska
- Department of Practical Cosmetology and Skin Disease Prevention, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (J.G.-P.); (J.N.); (G.N.)
| | - Anna Jelińska
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-780 Poznan, Poland; (A.J.); (A.S.)
| | - Joanna Kasprzyk-Pochopień
- Laboratory of High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (J.K.-P.); (W.P.)
| | - Joanna Nawrot
- Department of Practical Cosmetology and Skin Disease Prevention, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (J.G.-P.); (J.N.); (G.N.)
| | - Agnieszka Sobczak
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-780 Poznan, Poland; (A.J.); (A.S.)
| | | | - Wojciech Piekoszewski
- Laboratory of High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (J.K.-P.); (W.P.)
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Gerard Nowak
- Department of Practical Cosmetology and Skin Disease Prevention, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (J.G.-P.); (J.N.); (G.N.)
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7
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Zhang D, Kukkar D, Kaur H, Kim KH. Recent advances in the synthesis and applications of single-atom nanozymes in food safety monitoring. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 319:102968. [PMID: 37582302 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.102968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Nanozymes are synthetic compounds with enzyme-like tunable catalytic properties. The success of nanozymes for catalytic applications can be attributed to their small dimensions, cost-effective synthesis, appreciable stability, and scalability to molecular dimensions. The emergence of single atom nanozymes (SANzymes) has opened up new possibilities in bioanalytical applications. In this regard, this review outlines enzyme-mimicking features of SANzymes for food safety applications in relation to the key variables controlling their catalytic performance. The discussion is extended further to cover the applications of SANzymes for the monitoring of various compounds/biomaterials of significance with respect to food safety (e.g., pesticides, veterinary drug residues, foodborne pathogenic bacteria, mycotoxins/bacterial endotoxin, antioxidant residues, hydrogen peroxide residues, and heavy metal ions). Furthermore, the performance of SANzymes is evaluated in terms of various performance metrics such as limit of detection (LOD), linear dynamic range, and figure of merit (FoM). The challenges and future road map for the applications of SANzymes are also addressed along with their upscaling in the area of food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daohong Zhang
- College of Food Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, Shandong, China; Bio-Nanotechnology Research Institute, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, Shandong, China
| | - Deepak Kukkar
- Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, India; University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, India
| | - Harsimran Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, India
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Zheng M, Liu Y, Zhang G, Yang Z, Xu W, Chen Q. The Applications and Mechanisms of Superoxide Dismutase in Medicine, Food, and Cosmetics. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1675. [PMID: 37759978 PMCID: PMC10525108 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a class of enzymes that restrict the biological oxidant cluster enzyme system in the body, which can effectively respond to cellular oxidative stress, lipid metabolism, inflammation, and oxidation. Published studies have shown that SOD enzymes (SODs) could maintain a dynamic balance between the production and scavenging of biological oxidants in the body and prevent the toxic effects of free radicals, and have been shown to be effective in anti-tumor, anti-radiation, and anti-aging studies. This research summarizes the types, biological functions, and regulatory mechanisms of SODs, as well as their applications in medicine, food production, and cosmetic production. SODs have proven to be a useful tool in fighting disease, and mimetics and conjugates that report SODs have been developed successively to improve the effectiveness of SODs. There are still obstacles to solving the membrane permeability of SODs and the persistence of enzyme action, which is still a hot spot and difficulty in mining the effect of SODs and promoting their application in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Qinghua Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
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9
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Sim KS, Inoue T. Structure of a superoxide dismutase from a tardigrade: Ramazzottius varieornatus strain YOKOZUNA-1. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun 2023; 79:169-179. [PMID: 37358501 PMCID: PMC10327573 DOI: 10.1107/s2053230x2300523x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an essential and ubiquitous antioxidant protein that is widely present in biological systems. The anhydrobiotic tardigrades are some of the toughest micro-animals. They have an expanded set of genes for antioxidant proteins such as SODs. These proteins are thought to play an essential role in oxidative stress resistance in critical situations such as desiccation, although their functions at the molecular level have yet to be explored. Here, crystal structures of a copper/zinc-containing SOD (RvSOD15) from an anhydrobiotic tardigrade, Ramazzottius varieornatus strain YOKOZUNA-1, are reported. In RvSOD15, one of the histidine ligands of the catalytic copper center is replaced by a valine (Val87). The crystal structures of the wild type and the V87H mutant show that even though a histidine is placed at position 87, a nearby flexible loop can destabilize the coordination of His87 to the Cu atom. Model structures of other RvSODs were investigated and it was found that some of them are also unusual SODs, with features such as deletion of the electrostatic loop or β3 sheet and unusual metal-binding residues. These studies show that RvSOD15 and some other RvSODs may have evolved to lose the SOD function, suggesting that gene duplications of antioxidant proteins do not solely explain the high stress tolerance of anhydrobiotic tardigrades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kee-Shin Sim
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Osaka University, Suita City, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Inoue
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Osaka University, Suita City, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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10
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Nie PC, Yang RL, Zhou JJ, Dewer Y, Shang SQ. Elucidating the Effect of Temperature Stress on the Protein Content, Total Antioxidant Capacity, and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). INSECTS 2023; 14:insects14050429. [PMID: 37233056 DOI: 10.3390/insects14050429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Tetranychus urticae Koch is a worldwide agricultural pest mite that feeds on more than 1100 kinds of crops. The mite has developed a high level of tolerance to high temperatures, but the physiological mechanism underlying the outstanding adaptability of this pest to high temperatures remains unclear. To clarify the physiological mechanisms of T. urticae in response to short-term heat stress, four temperatures (36, 39, 42, and 45 °C) and three short-term heat durations (2, 4, and 6 h) were conducted to test the effects on protein content, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), and the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC). The results showed that protein content, antioxidant enzyme activity, and T-AOC in T. urticae were significantly induced by heat stress. These results suggest that heat stress induces oxidative stress and that antioxidant enzymes play an important role in reducing oxidative damage in T. urticae. The data of this study will provide a basis for further research on the molecular mechanisms of thermostability and ecological adaptability of T. urticae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Cheng Nie
- Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ruo-Lan Yang
- Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jing-Jiang Zhou
- Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Youssef Dewer
- Phytotoxicity Research Department, Central Agricultural Pesticide Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, 7 Nadi El-Seid Street, Giza 12618, Dokki, Egypt
| | - Su-Qin Shang
- Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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11
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Ma Y, Xu J, Guo R, Teng G, Chen Y, Xu X. In vitro gastrointestinal model for the elderly: Effect of high hydrostatic pressure on protein structures and antioxidant activities of whey protein isolate. FOOD BIOSCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2023.102452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Zhan J, Li G, Dang Y, Pan D. Purification and identification of a novel hypotensive and antioxidant peptide from porcine plasma. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:4933-4941. [PMID: 35278236 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pig plasma contains a large amount of protein. Porcine plasma polypeptide can be prepared by the enzymatic hydrolysis of porcine plasma protein. The present study investigated the function, structure, and mechanisms of porcine plasma peptides. RESULTS The results showed that WVRQAPGKGL had a major ability to scavenge hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (HRSA) (35.25%), 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazo line-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt radical scavenging activity (ABTS RSA) (93.09%) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity (DPPH RSA) (25.72%), as well as in angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition (91.64%). WVRQAPGKGL could inactivate ACE by binding to Zn2+ because of the presence of carboxyl in WVRQAPGKGL. The ACE inhibition, HRSA, and DPPH of synthetic WVRQAPGKGL were improved by 12.70%, 16.06%, and 117.11% respectively after in vitro digestion. It (0.1 mg mL-1 ) also increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) by 59.78%, 69.05%, and 59.06%, and decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) by 22.08% and 50.59%, respectively, to protect HepG2 cells induced by H2 O2 . Furthermore, in a spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) model, the systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of the peptide group (30 mg kg-1 ) both decreased by about 33.33% in comparison with captopril. CONCLUSION A new difunctional (antioxidant and hypotensive) peptide, WVRQAPGKGL, derived from porcine plasma hydrolyzate was isolated by gel filtration and reverse phase chromatography, and identified by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-1 . The difunctional peptide WVRQAPGKGL from porcine plasma could therefore be used in formulating functional foods or pharmaceuticals. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqi Zhan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Gaoshang Li
- Institute of Food Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yali Dang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Daodong Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Li J, Chen Y, He Y, Zheng L, Fu J, Shi M. Infection of Metarhizium anisopliae Ma6 and defense responses of host Phyllotreta striolata adults. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 110:e21908. [PMID: 35470484 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Entomopathogenic fungus as biological control agent plays a crucial role in the integrated management of insect pests. Metarhizium anisopliae Ma6 has been identified as a highly pathogenic strain against Phyllotreta striolata (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), one of the most economically important and dominant insect pests damaging Brassica plants. The infection of M. anisopliae Ma6 on P. striolata was observed under stereomicroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and biochemical defense responses of P. striolata adults after infection were investigated. The changes in total amino acids and free fatty acids, and the activities of protective enzymes, including catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), in P. striolata adults were measured. In stereomicroscopy and SEM observations, a large number of mycelia were observed on the body surface of P. striolata on the 5th day after treatment by M. anisopliae. Many conidia were germinated and covered the body of P. striolata on the 7th day after treatment. The free fatty acid, total amino acid, CAT, POD, and SOD activities all showed an increased and then decreased trend. These results suggest that entomopathogenic fungal infection triggers the defense response of hosts, which induces changes in nutrients and antioxidant enzymes in P. striolata adults. Our findings provide useful information for understanding the potential for using M. anisopliae Ma6 as a biocontrol agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyu Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests/East China Branch of the National Center for Agricultural Biosafety Science, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanting Chen
- Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests/East China Branch of the National Center for Agricultural Biosafety Science, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuechao He
- Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests/East China Branch of the National Center for Agricultural Biosafety Science, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lizhen Zheng
- Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests/East China Branch of the National Center for Agricultural Biosafety Science, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianwei Fu
- Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mengzhu Shi
- Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests/East China Branch of the National Center for Agricultural Biosafety Science, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety, Fuzhou, China
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14
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Identification and Characterization of Antioxidant Enzyme Genes in Parasitoid Aphelinus asychis (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) and Expression Profiling Analysis under Temperature Stress. INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13050447. [PMID: 35621782 PMCID: PMC9148002 DOI: 10.3390/insects13050447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary High temperature affects the control efficiency of Aphelinus asychis, an important parasitic natural enemy of aphids. Antioxidative enzymes can protect organisms against oxidative damage by eliminating excess reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study identified 14 genes belonging to four classes of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidases (POD), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST). The results showed that the expression levels and enzymatic activities of most antioxidant enzyme genes are significantly induced by high temperature, which indicates that antioxidant enzymes increase the resistance of A. asychis to lethal high temperature. Taken together, this study enriches the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of resistance of A. asychis to environmental high temperatures. Abstract It is well known that high temperature, a typically negative environmental factor, reduces the parasitism of a parasitoid. Generally, high temperature causes the rapid overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in organisms, and antioxidative enzymes participate in the process of resisting environmental stress by eliminating excess ROS. In the present study, we identify two superoxide dismutase (SOD), one catalase (CAT), six peroxidases (POD), and five glutathione-S-transferase (GST) genes; and the survival rate and antioxidative enzyme patterns under short-term high temperature exposure of the parasitoid wasp, A.asychis, are examined. Survival results of A.asychis reveal that females show higher thermal tolerance than males. Under short-term high-temperature exposure, in females, the expression levels of most antioxidant enzyme genes decreased first and then increased to a peak at 41 °C, while only the expression of AasyGST4 showed a continuous increase. In males, the expression patterns of most antioxidant enzyme genes fluctuated and reached a maximum at 41 °C. Moreover, the expression levels of the majority of antioxidant enzyme genes were higher in females than in males. In addition, at temperatures of and above 35 °C, the activities of these four antioxidant enzymes were induced. The results show that the antioxidant enzymes confer thermo-tolerance to A. asychis against lethal thermal stress. Our observations enrich the understanding of the response mechanism to high-temperature assaults of A. asychis.
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LIMA IGORG, BISPO JAMESR, AGOSTINHO ADSONY, QUEIROZ ALINECDE, MOREIRA MAGNASUZANAA, PASSARINI MICHELRODRIGOZ, OLIVEIRA VALÉRIAMDE, SETTE LARAD, ROSA LUIZHENRIQUE, DUARTE ALYSSONWAGNERF. Antarctic environments as a source of bacterial and fungal therapeutic enzymes. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2022; 94:e20210452. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202220210452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - LARA D. SETTE
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Brazil
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Li G, Zhan J, Hu L, Yuan C, Takaki K, Ying X, Hu Y. Identification of a new antioxidant peptide from porcine plasma by in vitro digestion and its cytoprotective effect on H2O2 induced HepG2 model. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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17
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Zhan J, Li G, Dang Y, Pan D. Study on the antioxidant activity of peptide isolated from porcine plasma during in vitro digestion. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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18
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Harada M, Akiyama A, Furukawa R, Yokobori SI, Tajika E, Yamagishi A. Evolution of Superoxide Dismutases and Catalases in Cyanobacteria: Occurrence of the Antioxidant Enzyme Genes before the Rise of Atmospheric Oxygen. J Mol Evol 2021; 89:527-543. [PMID: 34274981 DOI: 10.1007/s00239-021-10021-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge on the evolution of antioxidant systems in cyanobacteria is crucial for elucidating the cause and consequence of the rise of atmospheric oxygen in the Earth's history. In this study, to elucidate the origin and evolution of cyanobacterial antioxidant enzymes, we analyzed the occurrence of genes encoding four types of superoxide dismutases and three types of catalases in 85 complete cyanobacterial genomes, followed by phylogenetic analyses. We found that Fe superoxide dismutase (FeSOD), Mn superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), and Mn catalase (MnCat) are widely distributed among modern cyanobacteria, whereas CuZn superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), bifunctional catalase (KatG), and monofunctional catalase (KatE) are less common. Ni superoxide dismutase (NiSOD) is distributed among marine Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus species. Phylogenetic analyses suggested that bacterial MnSOD evolved from cambialistic Fe/MnSOD before the diversification of major bacterial lineages. The analyses suggested that FeSOD evolved from MnSOD before the origin of cyanobacteria. MnCat also evolved in the early stages of bacterial evolution, predating the emergence of cyanobacteria. KatG, KatE, and NiSOD appeared 2.3-2.5 billion years ago. Thus, almost all cyanobacterial antioxidant enzymes emerged before or during the rise of atmospheric oxygen. The loss and appearance of these enzymes in marine cyanobacteria may be also related to the change in the metal concentration induced by the increased oxygen concentration in the ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Harada
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8572, Japan.
| | - Ayumi Akiyama
- Department of Earth & Planetary Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, 133-0033, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Furukawa
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, 359-1192, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Yokobori
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Eiichi Tajika
- Department of Earth & Planetary Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, 133-0033, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yamagishi
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, 192-0392, Japan
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Fesharaki-Esfahani M, Shahpiri A, Kazemi-Nasab A. A highly efficient, thermo stable and broad pH adaptable copper-zinc super oxide dismutase (AmSOD1) mediates hydrogen peroxide tolerance in Avicennia marina. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 187:112766. [PMID: 33878605 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Avicennia marina is a widely distributed mangrove species with high tolerance to salt, oxidative stress and heavy metals. In the preset work, we found that superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increases in Avicennia marina leaves in response to salt and hydrogen peroxide. Monitoring the SOD using Western blot analysis revealed that the accumulation of SOD increased in response to hydrogen peroxide but not in response to salinity stress. Here we also isolated and cloned a gene encoding AmSOD1 which was classified into the group of plant CuZnSODs based on amino acid sequence analysis. AmSOD1 was heterologously expressed in the soluble fraction of E. coli strain Rosetta (DE3). The cells expressing His-AmSOD1 were more tolerant in response to hydrogen peroxide treatment but not salt stress, suggesting the involvement of AmSOD1 in hydrogen peroxide tolerance. The enzyme His-AmSOD1 exhibited a molecular mass of 38 kDa, but it could be monomer in reducing conditions indicating a double-strand protein with intra-molecular disulfide bridge. There are two copper and two zinc moles per mole of dimer form of His-AmSOD1 suggesting the binding of one copper and one zinc ions to each monomer. The Pure His-AmSOD1 was highly active in vitro and its activity was considerably enhanced when the growth medium of the cells producing AmSOD1 was supplemented with Cu2+. The high stability of the recombinant AmSOD1 after incubation in a broad range pH and high temperature is a distinctive feature for AmSOD1, which may open new insights for application of AmSOD1 as a protein drug in different medical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monireh Fesharaki-Esfahani
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Azar Shahpiri
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran.
| | - Akram Kazemi-Nasab
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
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20
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Lee DY, Song MY, Kim EH. Role of Oxidative Stress and Nrf2/KEAP1 Signaling in Colorectal Cancer: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives with Phytochemicals. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:743. [PMID: 34067204 PMCID: PMC8151932 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer still has a high incidence and mortality rate, according to a report from the American Cancer Society. Colorectal cancer has a high prevalence in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Oxidative stress, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation, has been known to cause inflammatory diseases and malignant disorders. In particular, the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/Kelch-like ECH-related protein 1 (KEAP1) pathway is well known to protect cells from oxidative stress and inflammation. Nrf2 was first found in the homolog of the hematopoietic transcription factor p45 NF-E2, and the transcription factor Nrf2 is a member of the Cap 'N' Collar family. KEAP1 is well known as a negative regulator that rapidly degrades Nrf2 through the proteasome system. A range of evidence has shown that consumption of phytochemicals has a preventive or inhibitory effect on cancer progression or proliferation, depending on the stage of colorectal cancer. Therefore, the discovery of phytochemicals regulating the Nrf2/KEAP1 axis and verification of their efficacy have attracted scientific attention. In this review, we summarize the role of oxidative stress and the Nrf2/KEAP1 signaling pathway in colorectal cancer, and the possible utility of phytochemicals with respect to the regulation of the Nrf2/KEAP1 axis in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Young Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Korea
| | - Moon-Young Song
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Korea
| | - Eun-Hee Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Korea
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21
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The role of S126 in the Staphylococcus equorum MnSOD activity and stability. J Struct Biol 2021; 213:107731. [PMID: 33794368 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2021.107731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The dimeric form of manganese superoxide dismutase is instrumental for activity because each of the monomers provides amino acid residues participating in the enzymatic reaction. Hence, preventing dissociation of the dimer would maintain the enzymatic activity in detrimental conditions e.g. high temperature. To prevent dissociation of the dimer, a disulphide (S-S) bond was introduced at the dimer interface. In the wild type structure, S126 interacts with S126 of the other monomer. In the presented work, a mutant was designed with an S126C substitution. The crystal structure of the S126C mutant showed that only 50-70% of monomers formed the S-S bond. This observed imperfect S-S bonding was likely caused by photolytic S-S bond breakage mediated by the neighbouring tryptophan residue. In the wild type, S126 is located facing W163 and forms a water-mediated hydrogen bond with E164; W163 and E164 are crucial in the enzyme's activity. The replacement of S126 by a cysteine residue lowered the activity of the enzyme by ~70%. S126 has never been considered to play a role in the enzyme's activity or stability, thus the finding showed the importance of this residue.
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22
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Elfarargy MS, Al-Ashmawy GM, Abu-Risha S, Khattab H. Novel predictor markers for early differentiation between transient tachypnea of newborn and respiratory distress syndrome in neonates. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2021; 35:20587384211000554. [PMID: 33722097 PMCID: PMC7970176 DOI: 10.1177/20587384211000554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) and Transient Tachypnea of newborn
(TTN) are common similar neonatal respiratory diseases. Study the early
predictor markers in differentiation between TTN and RDS in neonates. A
prospective case control study which was done in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
(NICU) of Tanta University Hospital (TUH) from September 2016 to March 2018.
Three groups of neonates were included in the study: RDS group (45 neonates),
TTN group (45 neonates), and control group (45 healthy neonates). There were
statistically significant difference (SSD) between our studied three groups as
regard serum Malondialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide dismutase SOD, Lactate
dehydrogenase (LDH), and blood PH and P-values were 0.001* for
these comparative parameters. The ROC curve of RDS cases revealed that the serum
MDA Cut off, sensitivity and specificity were 1.87 mmol/L, 98%, 96%,
respectively which had the highest sensitivity and specificity followed by the
serum SOD then the serum LDH and lastly the blood PH while in TTN cases, the
serum MDA Cut off, sensitivity and specificity were 0.74 mmol/L, 96%, 93%,
respectively then the serum SOD then the serum LDH and lastly the blood PH.
Serum MDA, SOD, LDH, and PH had a beneficial role as early predictors in
differentiation between TTN and RDS in neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ghada M Al-Ashmawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Sally Abu-Risha
- Department of Pharmacology& Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Haidy Khattab
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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da Silva TU, Pougy KDC, da Silva ET, Lima CHDS, Machado SDP. Electronic investigation of the effect of substituents on the SOD mimic activity of copper (II) complexes with 8-hydroxyquinoline-derived ligands. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 217:111359. [PMID: 33578252 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were used to study the superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimic activity of two Cu2+ complexes with ligands derived from 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ). Electron-donating and -withdrawing substituent groups were inserted into the structures to verify changes in the reactivity. The theoretical parameters obtained were compared and validated with the experimental data available. The results showed that the reduction process occurs with greater participation of the 8-HQ ligand and the oxidation step occurs with participation of the copper atom in the complexes, where the electron received during the reduction step is used to reduce the Cu2+ to Cu+. The calculated electronic affinity showed good correlation with the experimental mimetic activity, and the analysis of this property, of total charge and of molecular orbitals indicated an increase in the mimetic activity with the insertion of electron-withdrawing substituent groups in the structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talis Uelisson da Silva
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21945-970 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Karina de Carvalho Pougy
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21945-970 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Everton Tomaz da Silva
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21945-970 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 25050-100 Caxias, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Sérgio de Paula Machado
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21945-970 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Li Y, Yan L, Kong X, Chen J, Zhang H. Cloning, expression, and characterization of a novel superoxide dismutase from deep-sea sea cucumber. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:1875-1883. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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25
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Molecular analysis and bioinformatic characterization of cooper, zinc-superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-sod) gene of Caiman latirostris. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:8849-8857. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05937-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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26
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Vengateswari G, Arunthirumeni M, Shivakumar MS. Effect of food plants on Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae immune and antioxidant properties in response to Bacillus thuringiensis infection. Toxicol Rep 2020; 7:1428-1437. [PMID: 33134089 PMCID: PMC7585150 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2020.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The larvae of Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) were reared on five host plants, Brassica oleracea, Nicotiana tabacum, Ricinus communis, Gossypium hirsutum, and Arachis hypogaea. The larvae were immunized with Bacillus thuringiensis to observe the immune response. The results of total and differential hemocyte count were increased in B. oleracea, N. tabacum, and R. communis fed S. litura larval hemolymph. Similar results were observed in the parameter of nodulation, melanization, and phenoloxidase. Total protein was higher in R. communis fed larvae. Antioxidant levels like Catalase (CAT), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathione S- transferase (GST), Peroxidase (POX), Lipid peroxidase (LPO), and Esterase (EST) was found in moreover all plant-feeding insect. High CAT activity was observed 2-6 h in R. communis, G. hirsutum, and A. hypogaea fed S. litura larval midgut and fatbody samples. Increased SOD activity in both midgut and fatbody at 2-12 h of B. oleracea, G. hirsutum, and A. hypogaea fed. GST activity was increased initially 2-6 h in G. hirsutum and A. hypogaea. Increased POX activity was observed initially in all treated groups. Highest LPO observed at 6 h in N. tabacum in both midgut and fatbody. Whereas increased EST activity was observed in N. tabacum and B. oleracea. The results of the present study shows that nature of food influence the immunity against Bt infection. This information can be very useful for incorporating biological control program for insect pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govindaraj Vengateswari
- Molecular Entomology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Periyar University, Salem-11, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Murugan Arunthirumeni
- Molecular Entomology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Periyar University, Salem-11, Tamil Nadu, India
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Annona senegalensis extract demonstrates anticancer properties in N-diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in male Wistar rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 131:110786. [PMID: 33152944 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common and leading cancer around the globe. This study investigated the anticancer properties of extract of Annona senegalensis in N-diethylnitrosamine (DEN) - induced hepatocellular carcinoma in male Wistar rats. METHODS Rats were simultaneously induced with a combination of 100 mg/kg b.wt of DEN and 0.5 mL/kg of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) intraperitoneally once a week for three weeks in a row. Thereafter, animals were treated with 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg b.wt of A. senegalensis extract daily for 21days. Analysis using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was carried out to discover the phytoconstituents contained in the n-hexane extract of A. senegelensis. The levels of liver function parameters and antioxidant enzyme activities were determined via spectrophotometric analysis. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction technique was used to assess the gene expression patterns of BCL-2, P53, P21, IL-6, FNTA, VEGF, HIF, AFP, XIAP, and EGFR mRNAs. RESULTS Treatment of DEN-induced hepatocellular carcinoma Wistar rats with the extract caused significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the activities of ALT and AST. It also resulted in a reduction of the concentration of MDA and a significant increase (p < 0.05) in SOD and GSH activities. IL-6, BCL-2, VEGF, EGFR, XIAP, FNTA, and P21 mRNAs expressions were significantly (p < 0.05) downregulated after treatment. Histopathological analysis revealed that the extract improved the liver architecture. CONCLUSION A. senegelensis n-hexane extract demonstrates its anticancer properties by improving the liver architecture, increasing the antioxidant defense systems, downregulating the pro-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, angiogenic, alpha-fetoprotein and farnesyl transferase mRNAs expression and hitherto up-regulate the expression of tumor suppressor (P21 and P53) mRNAs.
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J VP, A P. Virtual screening of mutations in antioxidant genes and its putative association with HNSCC: An in silico approach. Mutat Res 2020; 821:111710. [PMID: 32593872 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2020.111710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Abnormalities in the antioxidant pathway are usually associated with inflammatory conditions, followed by tissue damage. Cancer is one such disease where there is a build-up of reactive oxygen species leading to pathological consequences. The present study aims to identify the alteration in genes and proteins associated with the common antioxidant pathways among patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The study design follows a retrospective approach and employs computational tools to analyse the possible role of genes involved in the anti-oxidation pathways in patients with HNSCC. The TCGA PanCancer Atlas dataset was used for the analysis. The Oncoprint data were analysed further to obtain information on the type of gene alterations encountered in the HNSCC cases. Gene amplification and deletions were commonly observed in genes of the thiol reductase pathway, whereas substitutions leading to missense, frameshifts were found in the other pathways assessed. Gene encoding ceruloplasmin was found to harbor nucleotide variations in about 10 % of the patients with OSCC. An exhaustive knowledge of the molecular genetic mechanisms underlying the pathways identified can open new avenues in selecting candidate genes which can be used as therapeutic targets against HNSCC. The present work identifies and nominates crucial genes from the antioxidant system for further in vitro experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayashree Priyadharsini J
- Biomedical Research Unit and Laboratory Animal Centre (BRULAC) - Dental Research Cell (DRC), Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Poonamallee High Road, Chennai 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Paramasivam A
- Biomedical Research Unit and Laboratory Animal Centre (BRULAC) - Dental Research Cell (DRC), Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Poonamallee High Road, Chennai 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India
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Stephenie S, Chang YP, Gnanasekaran A, Esa NM, Gnanaraj C. An insight on superoxide dismutase (SOD) from plants for mammalian health enhancement. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.103917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Hashemi SA, Karami M, Bathaie SZ. Saffron carotenoids change the superoxide dismutase activity in breast cancer: In vitro, in vivo and in silico studies. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 158:845-853. [PMID: 32360463 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an important member of the antioxidant defense system and is proposed as a therapeutic agent against the ROS-mediated diseases, and a therapeutic target for cancer treatment. Saffron carotenoids, crocin (Cro) and crocetin (Crt), are antioxidants with anticancer activity. In the present study, we investigated the effects of Cro/Crt on the SOD activity in both in vivo and in vitro models of breast cancer. Both Cro and Crt showed strong radical scavenging activity and SOD inhibition in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. The UVVis, circular dichroism and fluorometry studies proposed the binding of both Cro and Crt with SOD; the ΔG° of binding at 310 °K was -8.6 and -4.4 kcal/mol, respectively. The docking analysis predicted the Cro/Crt binding near the active site channel, but in different sites. According to the obtained data, Cro inhibits SOD activity by scavenging superoxide radical (O2), while Crt inhibits SOD by affecting the copper-binding site. In contrast to the in vitro data, both Cro and Crt effectively increased SOD activity in breast tumors of BALB/c mice, after one month of treatment. The mechanism that is important to compensate for the SOD decreased activity in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ali Hashemi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Karami
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Zahra Bathaie
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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da Silva TU, da Silva ET, Lima CHDS, Machado SDP. Theoretical study of binuclear Cu-M complexes (M = Zn, Cu, Ni) with p-xylylene-bridged-bis(1,4,7-triazacyclononane) ligands: Possible CuZnSOD mimics. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.119232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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The influence of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha gene polymorphism on oxidative stress in patients with oral precancerous lesions and oral cancer. GENE REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2019.100525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Yao Y, Zhang H, Wang Z, Ding J, Wang S, Huang B, Ke S, Gao C. Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive biomaterials mediate tissue microenvironments and tissue regeneration. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:5019-5037. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb00847k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
ROS-responsive biomaterials alleviate the oxidative stress in tissue microenvironments, promoting tissue regeneration and disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuejun Yao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Haolan Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Zhaoyi Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Jie Ding
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Shuqin Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Baiqiang Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Shifeng Ke
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Changyou Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
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Ismaiel MMS, Piercey-Normore MD. Molecular characterization and expression analysis of iron superoxide dismutase gene from Pseudochlorella pringsheimii (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta). PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 25:221-228. [PMID: 30804644 PMCID: PMC6352527 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-018-0569-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The FeSOD isoforms of Pseudochlorella pringsheimii were identified, a preliminary characterization of the enzyme was conducted, and the relationship among the FeSOD gene from P. pringsheimii and that of other organisms was examined. The FeSOD has an open reading frame of 612 bp that encodes 203 deduced amino acids with a molecular mass of 23 kDa. Expression of the recombinant FeSOD gene was done successfully in Escherichia coli. The purified FeSOD has a specific enzyme activity that reached 688 U mg-1 protein (in vitro assay). Alkaline conditions showed the highest activity for the recombinant FeSOD. Moreover, it showed a relative thermostability up to 50 °C, while at 50 and 70 °C, the activity was reduced by 32 and 68%, respectively, after 1 h as compared to the maximum. Phylogenetic analysis revealed three main clusters i.e., the prokaryotic Cyanophyta, bacteria, and the eukaryotic Chlorophyta intermingled with plant species and a dinoflagellate. P. pringsheimii was closely grouped with Chlorella pyrenoidosa, however, other species showed a relative disparity. Alignment of FeSOD gene sequences of the different species showed many conserved regions which could be used for FeSOD sequences among unexplored species and may be useful for the taxonomy of the revised coccoid Chlorella species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa M. S. Ismaiel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2 Canada
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519 Egypt
| | - Michele D. Piercey-Normore
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2 Canada
- School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of NL (Grenfell Campus), Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4 Canada
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Production of functional human CuZn-SOD and EC-SOD in bitransgenic cloned goat milk. Transgenic Res 2018; 27:343-354. [PMID: 29926349 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-018-0080-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Human copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD) and extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) are two superoxide dismutases that scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS). Their biological role of eliminating oxidative stress caused by excessive ROS levels in living organisms has been utilized in medical treatment, preventing skin photoaging and food preservation. In this study, we employed two sequences that encode human CuZn-SOD and EC-SOD, along with goat beta-casein 5' and 3' regulatory elements, to construct mammary gland-specific expression vectors. Bitransgenic goats were generated using somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), which employed co-transfection to generate bitransgenic goat fetal fibroblast cells as donor cells, and the expression of human CuZn-SOD and EC-SOD and their biological activities were assayed in the milk. PCR and Southern blot analysis confirmed that the cloned goat harbors both hCuZn-SOD and hEC-SOD transgenes. rhCuZn-SOD and rhEC-SOD were expressed in the mammary glands of bitransgenic goat, as determined by western blotting. The expression levels were 100.14 ± 5.09 mg/L for rhCuZn-SOD and 279.10 ± 5.38 mg/L for rhEC-SOD, as determined using ELISA. A total superoxide dismutase assay with WST-8 indicates that the biological activity of rhCuZn-SOD and rhEC-SOD in goat milk is 1451 ± 136 U/mL. The results indicate that two expression vectors can simultaneously transfect goat fetal fibroblast cells as donor cells to produce transgenic goats by SCNT, and the CuZn-SOD and EC-SOD proteins secreted in the mammary glands showed biological activity. The present study thus describes an initial step in the production of recombinant human SODs that may potentially be used for therapeutic purposes.
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Li Y, Kong X, Chen J, Liu H, Zhang H. Characteristics of the Copper,Zinc Superoxide Dismutase of a Hadal Sea Cucumber ( Paelopatides sp.) from the Mariana Trench. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:md16050169. [PMID: 29783627 PMCID: PMC5983300 DOI: 10.3390/md16050169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are among the most important antioxidant enzymes and show great potential in preventing adverse effects during therapeutic trials. In the present study, cloning, expression, and characterization of a novel Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (Ps-Cu,Zn-SOD) from a hadal sea cucumber (Paelopatides sp.) were reported. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Ps-Cu,Zn-SOD belonged to a class of intracellular SOD. Its Km and Vmax were 0.0258 ± 0.0048 mM and 925.1816 ± 28.0430 units/mg, respectively. The low Km value of this enzyme represents a high substrate affinity and can adapt to the low metabolic rate of deep sea organisms. The enzyme functioned from 0 °C to 80 °C with an optimal temperature of 40 °C. Moreover, the enzyme activity was maintained up to 87.12% at 5 °C. The enzyme was active at pH 4 to 12 with an optimal pH of 8.5. Furthermore, Ps-Cu,Zn-SOD tolerated high concentration of urea and GuHCl, resisted hydrolysis by proteases, and maintained stability at high pressure. All these features demonstrated that the deep sea Ps-Cu,Zn-SOD is a potential candidate for application to the biopharmaceutical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Li
- Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572000, China.
- College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.
| | - Xue Kong
- Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572000, China.
- College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.
| | - Jiawei Chen
- Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572000, China.
- College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.
| | - Helu Liu
- Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572000, China.
| | - Haibin Zhang
- Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572000, China.
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Gliadin Peptide Facilitates FITC Dextran Transport across the Non Everted Gut Sac of Rat Small Intestine. Sci Pharm 2018; 86:scipharm86020013. [PMID: 29642636 PMCID: PMC6027670 DOI: 10.3390/scipharm86020013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an antioxidant protein. When administered orally, it has low bioavailability due to its low permeation. In a previous study we fused gliadin peptide P51 (LGQQQPFPPQQPYPQPQPF) and gliadin peptide P61 (QQPYPQPQPF) with SOD Citrus limon (SOD_Cl), namely GliSOD_P51 and GliSOD_P61 to increase permeation of SOD_Cl through intestine. In this work, the permeation of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-Dextran 10 kDa, FD10 and 40 kDa, FD40 as paracellular transport markers across excised rat intestinal wall was investigated with the presence of GliSOD_P51 and GliSOD_P61. A permeability study was performed using non-everted rat intestine by incubating FD10 or FD40 with SOD_Cl, and GliSOD_P61. The presence of SOD_Cl, GliSOD_P51 or GliSOD_P61 inside intestine (apical) and outside intestine (basolateral) was analyzed by protein electrophoresis. The concentration of FD that penetrated to the basolateral solution was analyzed by spectrofluorometry. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis revealed the presence of GliSOD_P51 and GliSOD_P61 but not SOD_Cl in basolateral compartment. The percentage of FD10 but not FD40 and SOD_Cl that penetrated to the basolateral solution significantly increased with the presence of gliadin in GliSOD_P51 and GliSOD_P61. GliSOD_P51 and GliSOD_P61 are able to penetrate the rat intestinal epithelial membrane and the gliadin peptides facilitate FD10 to penetrate the epithelial.
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38
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Tang Q, Wu JQ, Li HY, Feng YF, Zhang Z, Liang YN. Dinuclear Cu(II) complexes based on p
-xylylene-bridged bis(1,4,7-triazacyclononane) ligands: Synthesis, characterization, DNA cleavage abilities and evaluation of superoxide dismutase- and catalase-like activities. Appl Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Tang
- Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China); School of Chemistry and Pharmacy of Guangxi Normal University; Guilin People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Qing Wu
- Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China); School of Chemistry and Pharmacy of Guangxi Normal University; Guilin People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Yan Li
- Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China); School of Chemistry and Pharmacy of Guangxi Normal University; Guilin People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Fang Feng
- Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China); School of Chemistry and Pharmacy of Guangxi Normal University; Guilin People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China); School of Chemistry and Pharmacy of Guangxi Normal University; Guilin People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ning Liang
- Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China); School of Chemistry and Pharmacy of Guangxi Normal University; Guilin People's Republic of China
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Abstract
This review focuses on metal complexes of cyclodextrin (CyD) derivatives designed for application as therapeutics or diagnostics. We discuss examples of metalloprotein models (hemoglobin, superoxide dismutase and catalase) based on cyclodextrins. The hydrophobic microenvironment of CyDs stabilizes the Fe(II) porphyrin system that can reversibly bind O2 or CO in water. Superoxide dismutase/catalase mimetics exploit functionalization with CyDs, which increase their solubility and biological activity. Furthermore, CyDs have been used as scaffolds to obtain multicenter metal complexes: paramagnetic systems act as high-performance contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging applications. Finally, we review CyD ligands, whose use appears promising in metal chelation therapy, as CyD moiety confers additional properties to the ligands.
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Doran ML, Knee JM, Wang N, Rzezniczak TZ, Parkes TL, Li L, Merritt TJS. Metabolomic analysis of oxidative stress: Superoxide dismutase mutation and paraquat induced stress in Drosophila melanogaster. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 113:323-334. [PMID: 29031835 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress results in substantial biochemical and physiological perturbations in essentially all organisms. To determine the broad metabolic effects of oxidative stress, we have quantified the response in Drosophila melanogaster to both genetically and environmentally derived oxidative stress. Flies were challenged with loss of Superoxide dismutase activity or chronic or acute exposure to the oxidizing chemical paraquat. Metabolic changes were then quantified using a recently developed chemical isotope labeling (CIL) liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry (LC-MS) platform that targets the carboxylic acid and amine/phenol submetabolomes with high metabolic coverage. We discovered wide spread changes in both submetabolomes in response to all three types of stresses including: changes to the urea cycle, tryptophan metabolism, porphyrin metabolism, as well as a series of metabolic pathways involved in glutathione synthesis. Strikingly, while there are commonalities across the conditions, all three resulted in different metabolomic responses, with the greatest difference between the genetic and environmental responses. Genetic oxidative stress resulted in substantially more widespread effects, both in terms of the percent of the metabolome altered, and the magnitude of changes in individual metabolites. Chronic and acute environmental stress resulted in more similar responses although both were distinct from genetic stress. Overall, these results indicate that the metabolomic response to oxidative stress is complex, reaching across multiple metabolic pathways, with some shared features but with more features unique to different, specific stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marney L Doran
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada P3E 2C6
| | - Jose M Knee
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada P3E 2C6
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Teresa Z Rzezniczak
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada P3E 2C6
| | - Tony L Parkes
- Faculty of Arts & Science - Biology, Nipissing University, North Bay, ON, Canada P1B 8L7
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Thomas J S Merritt
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada P3E 2C6.
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Sex and Genetic Background Influence Superoxide Dismutase (cSOD)-Related Phenotypic Variation in Drosophila melanogaster. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2017. [PMID: 28624774 PMCID: PMC5555470 DOI: 10.1534/g3.117.043836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Mutations often have drastically different effects in different genetic backgrounds; understanding a gene’s biological function then requires an understanding of its interaction with genetic diversity. The antioxidant enzyme cytosolic copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (cSOD) catalyzes the dismutation of the superoxide radical, a molecule that can induce oxidative stress if its concentration exceeds cellular control. Accordingly, Drosophila melanogaster lacking functional cSOD exhibit a suite of phenotypes including decreased longevity, hypersensitivity to oxidative stress, impaired locomotion, and reduced NADP(H) enzyme activity in males. To date, cSOD-null phenotypes have primarily been characterized using males carrying one allele, cSodn108red, in a single genetic background. We used ANOVA, and the effect size partial eta squared, to partition the amount of variation attributable to cSOD activity, sex, and genetic background across a series of life history, locomotor, and biochemical phenotypes associated with the cSOD-null condition. Overall, the results demonstrate that the cSOD-null syndrome is largely consistent across sex and genetic background, but also significantly influenced by both. The sex-specific effects are particularly striking and our results support the idea that phenotypes cannot be considered to be fully defined if they are examined in limited genetic contexts.
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Kan G, Wen H, Wang X, Zhou T, Shi C. Cloning and characterization of iron-superoxide dismutase in Antarctic yeast strain Rhodotorula mucilaginosa AN5. J Basic Microbiol 2017. [PMID: 28639705 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201700165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A novel superoxide dismutase gene from Antarctic yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa AN5 was cloned, sequenced, and then expressed in Escherichia coli. The R. mucilaginosa AN5 SOD (RmFeSOD) gene was 639 bp open reading frame in length, which encoded a protein of 212 amino acids with a deduced molecular mass of 23.5 kDa and a pI of 7.89. RmFeSOD was identified as iron SOD type with a natural status of homodimer. The recombinant RmFeSOD showed good pH stability in the pH 1.0-9.0 after 1 h incubation. Meanwhile, it was found to behave relatively high thermostability, and maintained more than 80% activity at 50 °C for 1 h. By addition of 1 mM metal ions, the enzyme activity increased by Zn2+ , Cu2+ , Mn2+ , and Fe3+ , and inhibited only by Mg2+ . RmFeSOD showed relatively low tolerance to some compounds, such as PMSF, SDS, Tween-80, Triton X-100, DMSO, β-ME, and urea. However, DTT showed no inhibition to enzyme activity. Using copper stress experiment, the RmFeSOD recombinant E. coli exhibited better growth than non-recombinant bacteria, which revealed that RmFeSOD might play an important role in the adaptability of heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangfeng Kan
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, China
| | - Hua Wen
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, China
| | - Cuijuan Shi
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, China
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Structure—activity relationship of a recombinant hybrid Manganese superoxide dismutase of Staphylococcus saprophyticus / S. equorum. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 98:222-227. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.01.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Nishiyama Y, Fukamizo T, Yoneda K, Araki T. Complete Amino Acid Sequence of a Copper/Zinc-Superoxide Dismutase from Ginger Rhizome. Protein J 2017; 36:98-107. [PMID: 28185046 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-017-9700-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an antioxidant enzyme protecting cells from oxidative stress. Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is known for its antioxidant properties, however, there are no data on SODs from ginger rhizomes. In this study, we purified SOD from the rhizome of Z. officinale (Zo-SOD) and determined its complete amino acid sequence using N terminal sequencing, amino acid analysis, and de novo sequencing by tandem mass spectrometry. Zo-SOD consists of 151 amino acids with two signature Cu/Zn-SOD motifs and has high similarity to other plant Cu/Zn-SODs. Multiple sequence alignment showed that Cu/Zn-binding residues and cysteines forming a disulfide bond, which are highly conserved in Cu/Zn-SODs, are also present in Zo-SOD. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that plant Cu/Zn-SODs clustered into distinct chloroplastic, cytoplasmic, and intermediate groups. Among them, only chloroplastic enzymes carried amino acid substitutions in the region functionally important for enzymatic activity, suggesting that chloroplastic SODs may have a function distinct from those of SODs localized in other subcellular compartments. The nucleotide sequence of the Zo-SOD coding region was obtained by reverse-translation, and the gene was synthesized, cloned, and expressed. The recombinant Zo-SOD demonstrated pH stability in the range of 5-10, which is similar to other reported Cu/Zn-SODs, and thermal stability in the range of 10-60 °C, which is higher than that for most plant Cu/Zn-SODs but lower compared to the enzyme from a Z. officinale relative Curcuma aromatica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Nishiyama
- Department of Bioscience, School of Agriculture, Tokai University, 9-1-1 Toroku, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto, 862-8652, Japan
| | - Tamo Fukamizo
- Department of Advanced Bioscience, Kinki University, 3327-204 Nakamachi, Nara, 631-8505, Japan
| | - Kazunari Yoneda
- Department of Bioscience, School of Agriculture, Tokai University, 9-1-1 Toroku, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto, 862-8652, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Araki
- Department of Bioscience, School of Agriculture, Tokai University, 9-1-1 Toroku, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto, 862-8652, Japan.
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45
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Srivastava S, Singh D, Patel S, Singh MR. Role of enzymatic free radical scavengers in management of oxidative stress in autoimmune disorders. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 101:502-517. [PMID: 28342757 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.03.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune disorders are distinct with over production and accumulation of free radicals due to its undisclosed genesis. The cause of numerous disorders as cancer, arthritis, psoriasis, diabetes, alzheimer's, cardiovascular disease, Parkinson's, respiratory distress syndrome, colitis, crohn's, pulmonary fibrosis, obesity and ageing have been associated with immune dysfunction and oxidative stress. In an oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species generally provoke the series of oxidation at cellular level. The buildup of free radicals in turn triggers various inflammatory cells causing release of various inflammatory interleukins, cytokines, chemokines, and tumor necrosis factors which mediate signal transduction and transcription pathways as nuclear factor- kappa B (NF-κB), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1α) and nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2). The imbalance could only be combat by supplementing natural defensive antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase. The efficiency of these enzymes is enhanced by use of colloidal carriers which include cellular carriers, vesicular and particulate systems like erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets, liposomes, transferosomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, microspheres, emulsions. Thus this review provides a platform for understanding importance of antioxidant enzymes and its therapeutic applications in treatment of various autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Srivastava
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chattissgarh, 492010, India
| | - Deependra Singh
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chattissgarh, 492010, India
| | - Satish Patel
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chattissgarh, 492010, India
| | - Manju R Singh
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chattissgarh, 492010, India.
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46
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Inupakutika MA, Sengupta S, Devireddy AR, Azad RK, Mittler R. The evolution of reactive oxygen species metabolism. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:5933-5943. [PMID: 27742750 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a key role in the regulation of many biological processes in plants. Nonetheless, they are considered highly reactive and toxic to cells. Owing to their toxicity, as well as their important role in signaling, the level of ROS in cells needs to be tightly regulated. The ROS gene network, encoding a highly redundant arsenal of ROS scavenging mechanisms and an array of enzymes involved in ROS production, regulates ROS metabolism and signaling in plants. In this article, we review the role of the ROS gene network in plants and examine how it evolved. We identify key components of the ROS gene network in organisms that likely originated as early as 4.1-3.5 billion years ago, prior to the great oxidation event that resulted from the rise of cyanobacteria on Earth. This estimate concurs with recent evidence for the appearance of oxygenic photosynthetic organisms on Earth, suggesting that low and/or localized levels of photosynthetically produced oxygen necessitated the emergence of ROS scavenging mechanisms to protect life. Life forms have therefore evolved in the presence of ROS on Earth for at least 3.8-3.6 billion years, highlighting the intimate relationship that exists today between many physiological and developmental processes and ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soham Sengupta
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Amith R Devireddy
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Rajeev K Azad
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
- Department of Mathematics, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Ron Mittler
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA.
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47
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Kumar A, Sharma M, Bhardwaj PK, Vats SK, Singh D, Kumar S. Copper, zinc superoxide dismutase from Caragana jubata : A thermostable enzyme that functions under a broad pH and temperature window. Process Biochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2016.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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48
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Kumar A, Randhawa V, Acharya V, Singh K, Kumar S. Amino acids flanking the central core of Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase are important in retaining enzyme activity after autoclaving. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2016; 34:475-85. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2015.1049551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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49
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Yan JJ, Zhang L, Wang RQ, Xie B, Li X, Chen RL, Guo LX, Xie BG. The Sequence Characteristics and Expression Models Reveal Superoxide Dismutase Involved in Cold Response and Fruiting Body Development in Volvariella volvacea. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17010034. [PMID: 26784168 PMCID: PMC4730280 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
As the first defence for cells to counteract the toxicity of active oxygen, superoxide dismutase (SOD) plays an important role in the response of living organisms to stress and cell differentiation. One extracellular Cu-ZnSOD (ecCu-ZnSOD), and two MnSODs, were identified based on the Volvariella volvacea genome sequence. All three genes have complicated alternative splicing modes during transcription; only when the fourth intron is retained can the Vv_Cu-Znsod1 gene be translated into a protein sequence with SOD functional domains. The expression levels of the three sod genes in the pilei are higher than in the stipe. The Vv_Cu-Znsod1 and the Vv_Mnsod2 are co-expressed in different developmental stages of the fruiting body, with the highest level of expression in the pilei of the egg stage, and they show a significant, positive correlation with the efficiency of karyogamy, indicating the potential role of these two genes during karyogamy. The expression of the ecCu-Znsod and two Vv_Mnsod genes showed a significant up-regulated when treated by cold stress for one hour; however, the lack of the intracellular Cu-ZnSOD encoding gene (icCu-Znsod) and the special locus of the ecCu-Znsod gene initiation codon suggested a possible reason for the autolysis phenomenon of V. volvacea in cold conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jie Yan
- Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Rui-Qing Wang
- Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
- College of Food Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Bin Xie
- Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Xiao Li
- Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Ren-Liang Chen
- Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Li-Xian Guo
- Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Bao-Gui Xie
- Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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50
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Yang E, Yi S, Bai F, Niu D, Zhong J, Wu Q, Chen S, Zhou R, Wang F. Cloning, Characterization and Expression Pattern Analysis of a Cytosolic Copper/Zinc Superoxide Dismutase (SaCSD1) in a Highly Salt Tolerant Mangrove (Sonneratia alba). Int J Mol Sci 2015; 17:ijms17010004. [PMID: 26703583 PMCID: PMC4730251 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 11/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mangroves are critical marine resources for their remarkable ability to tolerate seawater. Antioxidant enzymes play an especially significant role in eliminating reactive oxygen species and conferring abiotic stress tolerance. In this study, a cytosolic copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SaCSD1) cDNA of Sonneratia alba, a mangrove species with high salt tolerance, was successfully cloned and then expressed in Escherichia coli Rosetta-gami (designated as SaCSD1). SaCSD1 comprised a complete open reading frame (ORF) of 459 bp which encoded a protein of 152 amino acids. Its mature protein is predicted to be 15.32 kDa and the deduced isoelectric point is 5.78. SaCSD1 has high sequence similarity (85%-90%) with the superoxide dismutase (CSD) of some other plant species. SaCSD1 was expressed with 30.6% yield regarding total protein content after being introduced into the pET-15b (Sma I) vector for expression in Rosetta-gami and being induced with IPTG. After affinity chromatography on Ni-NTA, recombinant SaCSD1 was obtained with 3.2-fold purification and a specific activity of 2200 U/mg. SaCSD1 showed good activity as well as stability in the ranges of pH between 3 and 7 and temperature between 25 and 55 °C. The activity of recombinant SaCSD1 was stable in 0.25 M NaCl, Dimethyl Sulphoxide (DMSO), glycerol, and chloroform, and was reduced to a great extent in β-mercaptoethanol, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), H₂O2, and phenol. Moreover, the SaCSD1 protein was very susceptive to pepsin digestion. Real-time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assay demonstrated that SaCSD1 was expressed in leaf, stem, flower, and fruit organs, with the highest expression in fruits. Under 0.25 M and 0.5 M salt stress, the expression of SaCSD1 was down-regulated in roots, but up-regulated in leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enze Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Shanze Yi
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Fang Bai
- School of Life Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Dewei Niu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Junjie Zhong
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Qiuhong Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Shufang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Renchao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Feng Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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