1
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Yuan T, Kumar S, Skinner ME, Victor-Joseph R, Abuaita M, Keijer J, Zhang J, Kunkel TJ, Liu Y, Petrunak EM, Saunders TL, Lieberman AP, Stuckey JA, Neamati N, Al-Murshedi F, Alfadhel M, Spelbrink JN, Rodenburg R, de Boer VC, Lombard DB. Human SIRT5 variants with reduced stability and activity do not cause neuropathology in mice. iScience 2024; 27:109991. [PMID: 38846003 PMCID: PMC11154205 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
SIRT5 is a sirtuin deacylase that removes negatively charged lysine modifications, in the mitochondrial matrix and elsewhere in the cell. In benign cells and mouse models, under basal conditions, the phenotypes of SIRT5 deficiency are quite subtle. Here, we identify two homozygous SIRT5 variants in patients suspected to have mitochondrial disease. Both variants, P114T and L128V, are associated with reduced SIRT5 protein stability and impaired biochemical activity, with no evidence of neomorphic or dominant negative properties. The crystal structure of the P114T enzyme was solved and shows only subtle deviations from wild-type. Via CRISPR-Cas9, we generated a mouse model that recapitulates the human P114T mutation; homozygotes show reduced SIRT5 levels and activity, but no obvious metabolic abnormalities, neuropathology, or other gross phenotypes. We conclude that these human SIRT5 variants most likely represent severe hypomorphs, but are likely not by themselves the primary pathogenic cause of the neuropathology observed in the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taolin Yuan
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, De Elst 1, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Surinder Kumar
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, and Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Mary E. Skinner
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ryan Victor-Joseph
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Majd Abuaita
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jaap Keijer
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, De Elst 1, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jessica Zhang
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, and Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Thaddeus J. Kunkel
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yanghan Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Elyse M. Petrunak
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Thomas L. Saunders
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | - Jeanne A. Stuckey
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Nouri Neamati
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Fathiya Al-Murshedi
- Genetic and Developmental Medicine Clinic, Department of Genetics, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Majid Alfadhel
- Medical Genomic Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center(KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences(KSAU-HS), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG-HA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Genetics and Precision Medicine Department (GPM), King Abdullah Specialized Children’s Hospital (KASCH), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG-HA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Johannes N. Spelbrink
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Richard Rodenburg
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Vincent C.J. de Boer
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, De Elst 1, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - David B. Lombard
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, and Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Miami VA Healthcare System, Miami, FL 33125, USA
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2
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Fagnani E, Cocomazzi P, Pellegrino S, Tedeschi G, Scalvini FG, Cossu F, Da Vela S, Aliverti A, Mastrangelo E, Milani M. CHCHD4 binding affects the active site of apoptosis inducing factor (AIF): Structural determinants for allosteric regulation. Structure 2024; 32:594-602.e4. [PMID: 38460521 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2024.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), which is confined to mitochondria of normal healthy cells, is the first identified caspase-independent cell death effector. Moreover, AIF is required for the optimal functioning of the respiratory chain machinery. Recent findings have revealed that AIF fulfills its pro-survival function by interacting with CHCHD4, a soluble mitochondrial protein which promotes the entrance and the oxidative folding of different proteins in the inner membrane space. Here, we report the crystal structure of the ternary complex involving the N-terminal 27-mer peptide of CHCHD4, NAD+, and AIF harboring its FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide) prosthetic group in oxidized form. Combining this information with biophysical and biochemical data on the CHCHD4/AIF complex, we provide a detailed structural description of the interaction between the two proteins, validated by both chemical cross-linking mass spectrometry analysis and site-directed mutagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Fagnani
- Biophysics Institute, CNR-IBF, Via Corti 12, 20133 Milan, Italy; Department of Bioscience, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Cocomazzi
- Biophysics Institute, CNR-IBF, Via Corti 12, 20133 Milan, Italy; Department of Bioscience, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Pellegrino
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Tedeschi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (DIVAS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; Cimaina, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Grassi Scalvini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (DIVAS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Federica Cossu
- Biophysics Institute, CNR-IBF, Via Corti 12, 20133 Milan, Italy; Department of Bioscience, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Da Vela
- Hochschule Bremerhaven, Karlstadt 8, 27568 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Alessandro Aliverti
- Department of Bioscience, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Eloise Mastrangelo
- Biophysics Institute, CNR-IBF, Via Corti 12, 20133 Milan, Italy; Department of Bioscience, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Mario Milani
- Biophysics Institute, CNR-IBF, Via Corti 12, 20133 Milan, Italy; Department of Bioscience, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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3
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Garg P, Jamal F, Srivastava P. Comparative Transcriptomics Data Profiling Reveals E2F Targets as an Important Biological Pathway Overexpressed in Intellectual Disability Disorder. Bioinform Biol Insights 2024; 18:11779322231224665. [PMID: 38357659 PMCID: PMC10865946 DOI: 10.1177/11779322231224665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Intellectual disability (ID) is an early childhood neurodevelopmental disorder that is characterized by impaired intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior. It is one of the major concerns in the field of neurodevelopmental disorders across the globe. Diversified approaches have been put forward to overcome this problem. Among all these approaches, high throughput transcriptomic analysis has taken an important dimension. The identification of genes causing ID rapidly increased over the past 3 to 5 years owing to the use of sophisticated high throughput sequencing platforms. Early monitoring and preventions are much important for such disorder as their progression occurs during fetal development. This study is an attempt to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and upregulated biological processes involved in development of ID patients through comparative analysis of available transcriptomics data. A total of 7 transcriptomic studies were retrieved from National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and were subjected to quality check and trimming prior to alignment. The normalization and differential expression analysis were carried out using DESeq2 and EdgeR packages of Rstudio to identify DEGs in ID. In progression of the study, functional enrichment analysis of the results obtained from both DESeq2 and EdgeR was done using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) tool to identify major upregulated biological processes involved in ID. Our findings concluded that monitoring the level of E2F targets, estrogen, and genes related to oxidative phosphorylation, DNA repair, and glycolysis during the developmental stage of an individual can help in the early detection of ID disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prekshi Garg
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, India
| | - Farrukh Jamal
- Department of Biochemistry, Dr Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University, Ayodhya, India
| | - Prachi Srivastava
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, India
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4
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Ma Q, Sun Y, Lei K, Luo W. Progress in diagnosis and treatment of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. J Mol Med (Berl) 2024; 102:1-10. [PMID: 37982904 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02389-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a mitochondrial genetic disease with central vision loss as the main symptom. It is one of the diseases that cause vision loss and optic atrophy in young and middle-aged people. The mutations of these three primary mitochondrial mutations, m.11778G>A, m.14484T>C, and m.3460G>A, are the main molecular basis, but their pathogenesis is also affected by nuclear genes, mitochondrial genetic background, and environmental factors. This article summarizes the research progress on molecular pathogenesis, clinical symptoms, and treatment of LHON in recent years, aiming to summarize the genetic pathogenesis and clinical treatment points of LHON.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyue Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ying Sun
- The Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ke Lei
- Center of Tumor Immunology and Cytotherapy, Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Wenjuan Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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5
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Yuan T, Kumar S, Skinner M, Victor-Joseph R, Abuaita M, Keijer J, Zhang J, Kunkel TJ, Liu Y, Petrunak EM, Saunders TL, Lieberman AP, Stuckey JA, Neamati N, Al-Murshedi F, Alfadhel M, Spelbrink JN, Rodenburg R, de Boer VCJ, Lombard DB. SIRT5 variants from patients with mitochondrial disease are associated with reduced SIRT5 stability and activity, but not with neuropathology. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.06.570371. [PMID: 38105987 PMCID: PMC10723467 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.06.570371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
SIRT5 is a sirtuin deacylase that represents the major activity responsible for removal of negatively-charged lysine modifications, in the mitochondrial matrix and elsewhere in the cell. In benign cells and mouse models, under basal non-stressed conditions, the phenotypes of SIRT5 deficiency are generally quite subtle. Here, we identify two homozygous SIRT5 variants in human patients suffering from severe mitochondrial disease. Both variants, P114T and L128V, are associated with reduced SIRT5 protein stability and impaired biochemical activity, with no evidence of neomorphic or dominant negative properties. The crystal structure of the P114T enzyme was solved and shows only subtle deviations from wild-type. Via CRISPR-Cas9, we generate a mouse model that recapitulates the human P114T mutation; homozygotes show reduced SIRT5 levels and activity, but no obvious metabolic abnormalities, neuropathology or other gross evidence of severe disease. We conclude that these human SIRT5 variants most likely represent severe hypomorphs, and are likely not the primary pathogenic cause of the neuropathology observed in the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taolin Yuan
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, De Elst 1, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Surinder Kumar
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, and Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami FL 33136
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Mary Skinner
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | | | - Majd Abuaita
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Jaap Keijer
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, De Elst 1, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jessica Zhang
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, and Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami FL 33136
| | | | - Yanghan Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Elyse M. Petrunak
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Thomas L. Saunders
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | | | - Jeanne A. Stuckey
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Nouri Neamati
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Fathiya Al-Murshedi
- Genetic and Developmental Medicine Clinic, Department of Genetics, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Majid Alfadhel
- Medical Genomic Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center(KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences(KSAU-HS), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG-HA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Genetics and Precision Medicine department (GPM), King Abdullah Specialized Children’s Hospital (KASCH), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG-HA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Johannes N. Spelbrink
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Richard Rodenburg
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent C. J. de Boer
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, De Elst 1, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - David B. Lombard
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, and Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami FL 33136
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
- Miami VA Healthcare System, Miami FL 33125
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6
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Bornstein R, Mulholland MT, Sedensky M, Morgan P, Johnson SC. Glutamine metabolism in diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Mol Cell Neurosci 2023; 126:103887. [PMID: 37586651 PMCID: PMC10773532 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2023.103887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction can arise from genetic defects or environmental exposures and impact a wide range of biological processes. Among these are metabolic pathways involved in glutamine catabolism, anabolism, and glutamine-glutamate cycling. In recent years, altered glutamine metabolism has been found to play important roles in the pathologic consequences of mitochondrial dysfunction. Glutamine is a pleiotropic molecule, not only providing an alternate carbon source to glucose in certain conditions, but also playing unique roles in cellular communication in neurons and astrocytes. Glutamine consumption and catabolic flux can be significantly altered in settings of genetic mitochondrial defects or exposure to mitochondrial toxins, and alterations to glutamine metabolism appears to play a particularly significant role in neurodegenerative diseases. These include primary mitochondrial diseases like Leigh syndrome (subacute necrotizing encephalopathy) and MELAS (mitochondrial myopathy with encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes), as well as complex age-related neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Pharmacologic interventions targeting glutamine metabolizing and catabolizing pathways appear to provide some benefits in cell and animal models of these diseases, indicating glutamine metabolism may be a clinically relevant target. In this review, we discuss glutamine metabolism, mitochondrial disease, the impact of mitochondrial dysfunction on glutamine metabolic processes, glutamine in neurodegeneration, and candidate targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Bornstein
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, USA
| | - Michael T Mulholland
- Department of Applied Sciences, Translational Bioscience, Northumbria University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Margaret Sedensky
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, USA; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Phil Morgan
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, USA; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Simon C Johnson
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, USA; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, USA; Department of Applied Sciences, Translational Bioscience, Northumbria University, Newcastle, UK.
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7
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de Ruiter Swain J, Michalopoulou E, Noch EK, Lukey MJ, Van Aelst L. Metabolic partitioning in the brain and its hijacking by glioblastoma. Genes Dev 2023; 37:681-702. [PMID: 37648371 PMCID: PMC10546978 DOI: 10.1101/gad.350693.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The different cell types in the brain have highly specialized roles with unique metabolic requirements. Normal brain function requires the coordinated partitioning of metabolic pathways between these cells, such as in the neuron-astrocyte glutamate-glutamine cycle. An emerging theme in glioblastoma (GBM) biology is that malignant cells integrate into or "hijack" brain metabolism, co-opting neurons and glia for the supply of nutrients and recycling of waste products. Moreover, GBM cells communicate via signaling metabolites in the tumor microenvironment to promote tumor growth and induce immune suppression. Recent findings in this field point toward new therapeutic strategies to target the metabolic exchange processes that fuel tumorigenesis and suppress the anticancer immune response in GBM. Here, we provide an overview of the intercellular division of metabolic labor that occurs in both the normal brain and the GBM tumor microenvironment and then discuss the implications of these interactions for GBM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jed de Ruiter Swain
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, USA
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory School of Biological Sciences, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, USA
| | | | - Evan K Noch
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neuro-oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021, USA
| | - Michael J Lukey
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, USA;
| | - Linda Van Aelst
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, USA;
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8
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Otsuka T, Matsui H. Fish Models for Exploring Mitochondrial Dysfunction Affecting Neurodegenerative Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087079. [PMID: 37108237 PMCID: PMC10138900 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are characterized by the progressive loss of neuronal structure or function, resulting in memory loss and movement disorders. Although the detailed pathogenic mechanism has not been elucidated, it is thought to be related to the loss of mitochondrial function in the process of aging. Animal models that mimic the pathology of a disease are essential for understanding human diseases. In recent years, small fish have become ideal vertebrate models for human disease due to their high genetic and histological homology to humans, ease of in vivo imaging, and ease of genetic manipulation. In this review, we first outline the impact of mitochondrial dysfunction on the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Then, we highlight the advantages of small fish as model organisms, and present examples of previous studies regarding mitochondria-related neuronal disorders. Lastly, we discuss the applicability of the turquoise killifish, a unique model for aging research, as a model for neurodegenerative diseases. Small fish models are expected to advance our understanding of the mitochondrial function in vivo, the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, and be important tools for developing therapies to treat diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayoshi Otsuka
- Department of Neuroscience of Disease, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8585, Japan
| | - Hideaki Matsui
- Department of Neuroscience of Disease, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8585, Japan
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9
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Intranasal Lipid Nanoparticles Containing Bioactive Compounds Obtained from Marine Sources to Manage Neurodegenerative Diseases. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/ph16020311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine sources contain several bioactive compounds with high therapeutic potential, such as remarkable antioxidant activity that can reduce oxidative stress related to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Indeed, there has been a growing interest in these natural sources, especially those resulting from the processing of marine organisms (i.e., marine bio-waste), to obtain natural antioxidants as an alternative to synthetic antioxidants in a sustainable approach to promote circularity by recovering and creating value from these bio-wastes. However, despite their expected potential to prevent, delay, or treat neurodegenerative diseases, antioxidant compounds may have difficulty reaching the brain due to the need to cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB). In this regard, alternative delivery systems administered by different routes have been proposed, including intranasal administration of lipid nanoparticles, such as solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC), which have shown promising results. Intranasal administration shows several advantages, including the fact that molecules do not need to cross the BBB to reach the central nervous system (CNS), as they can be transported directly from the nasal cavity to the brain (i.e., nose-to-brain transport). The benefits of using SLN and NLC for intranasal delivery of natural bioactive compounds for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases have shown relevant outcomes through in vitro and in vivo studies. Noteworthy, for bioactive compounds obtained from marine bio-waste, few studies have been reported, showing the open potential of this research area. This review updates the state of the art of using SLN and NLC to transport bioactive compounds from different sources, in particular, those obtained from marine bio-waste, and their potential application in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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10
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Luo HM, Xu J, Huang DX, Chen YQ, Liu YZ, Li YJ, Chen H. Mitochondrial dysfunction of induced pluripotent stem cells-based neurodegenerative disease modeling and therapeutic strategy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1030390. [DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1030390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are disorders in which neurons are lost owing to various factors, resulting in a series of dysfunctions. Their rising prevalence and irreversibility have brought physical pain to patients and economic pressure to both individuals and society. However, the pathogenesis of NDDs has not yet been fully elucidated, hampering the use of precise medication. Induced pluripotent stem cell (IPSC) modeling provides a new method for drug discovery, and exploring the early pathological mechanisms including mitochondrial dysfunction, which is not only an early but a prominent pathological feature of NDDs. In this review, we summarize the iPSC modeling approach of Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, as well as outline typical mitochondrial dysfunction and recapitulate corresponding therapeutic strategies.
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11
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Wang L, Yang Z, He X, Pu S, Yang C, Wu Q, Zhou Z, Cen X, Zhao H. Mitochondrial protein dysfunction in pathogenesis of neurological diseases. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:974480. [PMID: 36157077 PMCID: PMC9489860 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.974480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential organelles for neuronal function and cell survival. Besides the well-known bioenergetics, additional mitochondrial roles in calcium signaling, lipid biogenesis, regulation of reactive oxygen species, and apoptosis are pivotal in diverse cellular processes. The mitochondrial proteome encompasses about 1,500 proteins encoded by both the nuclear DNA and the maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA. Mutations in the nuclear or mitochondrial genome, or combinations of both, can result in mitochondrial protein deficiencies and mitochondrial malfunction. Therefore, mitochondrial quality control by proteins involved in various surveillance mechanisms is critical for neuronal integrity and viability. Abnormal proteins involved in mitochondrial bioenergetics, dynamics, mitophagy, import machinery, ion channels, and mitochondrial DNA maintenance have been linked to the pathogenesis of a number of neurological diseases. The goal of this review is to give an overview of these pathways and to summarize the interconnections between mitochondrial protein dysfunction and neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziyun Yang
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Xiumei He
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Shiming Pu
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Zuping Zhou
- Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Xiaobo Cen
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongxia Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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12
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Pilotto AM, Adami A, Mazzolari R, Brocca L, Crea E, Zuccarelli L, Pellegrino MA, Bottinelli R, Grassi B, Rossiter HB, Porcelli S. Near-infrared spectroscopy estimation of combined skeletal muscle oxidative capacity and O 2 diffusion capacity in humans. J Physiol 2022; 600:4153-4168. [PMID: 35930524 PMCID: PMC9481735 DOI: 10.1113/jp283267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The final steps of the O2 cascade during exercise depend on the product of the microvascular-to-intramyocyteP O 2 ${P}_{{{\rm{O}}}_{\rm{2}}}$ difference and muscle O2 diffusing capacity (D m O 2 $D{{\rm{m}}}_{{{\rm{O}}}_2}$ ). Non-invasive methods to determineD m O 2 $D{{\rm{m}}}_{{{\rm{O}}}_2}$ in humans are currently unavailable. Muscle oxygen uptake (mV ̇ O 2 ${\dot{V}}_{{{\rm{O}}}_{\rm{2}}}$ ) recovery rate constant (k), measured by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) using intermittent arterial occlusions, is associated with muscle oxidative capacity in vivo. We reasoned that k would be limited byD m O 2 $D{{\rm{m}}}_{{{\rm{O}}}_2}$ when muscle oxygenation is low (kLOW ), and hypothesized that: (i) k in well oxygenated muscle (kHIGH ) is associated with maximal O2 flux in fibre bundles; and (ii) ∆k (kHIGH - kLOW ) is associated with capillary density (CD). Vastus lateralis k was measured in 12 participants using NIRS after moderate exercise. The timing and duration of arterial occlusions were manipulated to maintain tissue saturation index within a 10% range either below (LOW) or above (HIGH) half-maximal desaturation, assessed during sustained arterial occlusion. Maximal O2 flux in phosphorylating state was 37.7 ± 10.6 pmol s-1 mg-1 (∼5.8 ml min-1 100 g-1 ). CD ranged 348 to 586 mm-2 . kHIGH was greater than kLOW (3.15 ± 0.45 vs. 1.56 ± 0.79 min-1 , P < 0.001). Maximal O2 flux was correlated with kHIGH (r = 0.80, P = 0.002) but not kLOW (r = -0.10, P = 0.755). Δk ranged -0.26 to -2.55 min-1 , and correlated with CD (r = -0.68, P = 0.015). mV ̇ O 2 ${\dot{V}}_{{{\rm{O}}}_{\rm{2}}}$ k reflects muscle oxidative capacity only in well oxygenated muscle. ∆k, the difference in k between well and poorly oxygenated muscle, was associated with CD, a mediator ofD m O 2 $D{{\rm{m}}}_{{{\rm{O}}}_2}$ . Assessment of muscle k and ∆k using NIRS provides a non-invasive window on muscle oxidative and O2 diffusing capacity. KEY POINTS: We determined post-exercise recovery kinetics of quadriceps muscle oxygen uptake (mV ̇ O 2 ${\dot{V}}_{{{\rm{O}}}_{\rm{2}}}$ ) measured by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in humans under conditions of both non-limiting (HIGH) and limiting (LOW) O2 availability, for comparison with biopsy variables. The mV ̇ O 2 ${\dot{V}}_{{{\rm{O}}}_{\rm{2}}}$ recovery rate constant in HIGH O2 availability was hypothesized to reflect muscle oxidative capacity (kHIGH ) and the difference in k between HIGH and LOW O2 availability (∆k) was hypothesized to reflect muscle O2 diffusing capacity. kHIGH was correlated with phosphorylating oxidative capacity of permeabilized muscle fibre bundles (r = 0.80). ∆k was negatively correlated with capillary density (r = -0.68) of biopsy samples. NIRS provides non-invasive means of assessing both muscle oxidative and oxygen diffusing capacity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea M. Pilotto
- Department of MedicineUniversity of UdineUdineItaly
- Department of Molecular MedicineInstitute of PhysiologyUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
| | - Alessandra Adami
- Department of KinesiologyUniversity of Rhode IslandKingstonRIUSA
| | - Raffaele Mazzolari
- Department of Molecular MedicineInstitute of PhysiologyUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
- Department of Physical Education and SportUniversity of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)Vitoria‐GasteizSpain
| | - Lorenza Brocca
- Department of Molecular MedicineInstitute of PhysiologyUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
| | - Emanuela Crea
- Department of Molecular MedicineInstitute of PhysiologyUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
| | | | - Maria A. Pellegrino
- Department of Molecular MedicineInstitute of PhysiologyUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
- Interdipartimental Centre for Biology and Sport MedicineUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
| | - Roberto Bottinelli
- Department of Molecular MedicineInstitute of PhysiologyUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
- Interdipartimental Centre for Biology and Sport MedicineUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
| | - Bruno Grassi
- Department of MedicineUniversity of UdineUdineItaly
| | - Harry B. Rossiter
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Physiology and MedicineThe Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor–UCLA Medical CenterTorranceCAUSA
| | - Simone Porcelli
- Department of Molecular MedicineInstitute of PhysiologyUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
- Institute of Biomedical TechnologiesNational Research CouncilMilanItaly
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13
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Integration of Adenylate Kinase 1 with Its Peptide Conformational Imprint. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126521. [PMID: 35742970 PMCID: PMC9223553 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were used as a tool to grasp a targeted α-helix or β-sheet of protein. During the fabrication of the hinge-mediated MIPs, elegant cavities took shape in a special solvent on quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) chips. The cavities, which were complementary to the protein secondary structure, acted as a peptide conformational imprint (PCI) for adenylate kinase 1 (AK1). We established a promising strategy to examine the binding affinities of human AK1 in conformational dynamics using the peptide-imprinting method. Moreover, when bound to AK1, PCIs are able to gain stability and tend to maintain higher catalytic activities than free AK1. Such designed fixations not only act on hinges as accelerators; some are also inhibitors. One example of PCI inhibition of AK1 catalytic activity takes place when PCI integrates with an AK19-23 β-sheet. In addition, conformation ties, a general MIP method derived from random-coil AK1133-144 in buffer/acetonitrile, are also inhibitors. The inhibition may be due to the need for this peptide to execute conformational transition during catalysis.
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14
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Mallik B, Frank CA. Roles for Mitochondrial Complex I Subunits in Regulating Synaptic Transmission and Growth. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:846425. [PMID: 35557603 PMCID: PMC9087048 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.846425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To identify conserved components of synapse function that are also associated with human diseases, we conducted a genetic screen. We used the Drosophila melanogaster neuromuscular junction (NMJ) as a model. We employed RNA interference (RNAi) on selected targets and assayed synapse function and plasticity by electrophysiology. We focused our screen on genetic factors known to be conserved from human neurological or muscle functions (300 Drosophila lines screened). From our screen, knockdown of a Mitochondrial Complex I (MCI) subunit gene (ND-20L) lowered levels of NMJ neurotransmission. Due to the severity of the phenotype, we studied MCI function further. Knockdown of core MCI subunits concurrently in neurons and muscle led to impaired neurotransmission. We localized this neurotransmission function to the muscle. Pharmacology targeting MCI phenocopied the impaired neurotransmission phenotype. Finally, MCI subunit knockdowns or pharmacological inhibition led to profound cytological defects, including reduced NMJ growth and altered NMJ morphology. Mitochondria are essential for cellular bioenergetics and produce ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. Five multi-protein complexes achieve this task, and MCI is the largest. Impaired Mitochondrial Complex I subunits in humans are associated with disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, Leigh syndrome, and cardiomyopathy. Together, our data present an analysis of Complex I in the context of synapse function and plasticity. We speculate that in the context of human MCI dysfunction, similar neuronal and synaptic defects could contribute to pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagaban Mallik
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - C. Andrew Frank
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Carver College of Medicine and Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- *Correspondence: C. Andrew Frank,
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15
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Zheng Z, Aweya JJ, Bao S, Yao D, Li S, Tran NT, Ma H, Zhang Y. The Microbial Composition of Penaeid Shrimps' Hepatopancreas Is Modulated by Hemocyanin. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 207:2733-2743. [PMID: 34670821 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Aquatic organisms have to produce proteins or factors that help maintain a stable relationship with microbiota and prevent colonization by pathogenic microorganisms. In crustaceans and other aquatic invertebrates, relatively few of these host factors have been characterized. In this study, we show that the respiratory glycoprotein hemocyanin is a crucial host factor that modulates microbial composition and diversity in the hepatopancreas of penaeid shrimp. Diseased penaeid shrimp (Penaeus vannamei), had an empty gastrointestinal tract with atrophied hepatopancreas, expressed low hemocyanin, and high total bacterial abundance, with Vibrio as the dominant bacteria. Similarly, shrimp depleted of hemocyanin had mitochondrial depolarization, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and dysregulation of several energy metabolism-related genes. Hemocyanin silencing together with ROS scavenger (N-acetylcysteine) treatment improved microbial diversity and decreased Vibrio dominance in the hepatopancreas. However, fecal microbiota transplantation after hemocyanin knockdown could not restore the microbial composition in the hepatopancreas. Collectively, our data provide, to our knowledge, new insight into the pivotal role of hemocyanin in modulating microbial composition in penaeid shrimp hepatopancreas via its effect on mitochondrial integrity, energy metabolism, and ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Marine Biology Institute, Science Center, Shantou University, Shantou, China.,Shantou University-Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China; and
| | - Jude Juventus Aweya
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Marine Biology Institute, Science Center, Shantou University, Shantou, China; .,Shantou University-Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China; and
| | - Shiyuan Bao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Marine Biology Institute, Science Center, Shantou University, Shantou, China.,Shantou University-Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China; and
| | - Defu Yao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Marine Biology Institute, Science Center, Shantou University, Shantou, China.,Shantou University-Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China; and
| | - Shengkang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Marine Biology Institute, Science Center, Shantou University, Shantou, China.,Shantou University-Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China; and
| | - Ngoc Tuan Tran
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Marine Biology Institute, Science Center, Shantou University, Shantou, China.,Shantou University-Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China; and
| | - Hongyu Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Marine Biology Institute, Science Center, Shantou University, Shantou, China.,Shantou University-Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China; and
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Marine Biology Institute, Science Center, Shantou University, Shantou, China; .,Shantou University-Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China; and.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Liu L, Zhang Y, Liu T, Ke C, Huang J, Fu Y, Lin Z, Chen F, Wu X, Chen Q. Pyrroloquinoline quinone protects against exercise-induced fatigue and oxidative damage via improving mitochondrial function in mice. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21394. [PMID: 33710654 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001977rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) has a variety of biological functions. However, rare attention has been paid to its effects on exercise-induced damage. Here, we assessed the potential protective effects of PQQ against the fatigue and oxidative damage caused by repeated exhaustive exercise, and studied the underlying mechanism. The models for exercise-induced fatigue were established, and the parameters were measured, including the time to exhaustion (TTE), biochemical indicators, the expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and inflammatory cytokines and so on. Besides, the mitochondrial function was evaluated by the morphology, membrane potential, respiratory function, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, and the application of the mitochondrial complex I inhibitor. The results demonstrate that PQQ prolongs TTE, causes the decrease in the activity of serum creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase, increases the activity of antioxidant enzymes, inhibits the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and diminishes the over expression of NF-κB (p65) and inflammatory mediators. Furthermore, PQQ preserves normal mitochondrial function. Particularly, PQQ reduces the accumulation of ROS triggered by the mitochondrial complex I inhibitor. These data suggest that PQQ can significantly protect mice from exercise-induced fatigue and oxidative damage by improving mitochondrial function. These data also suggest that PQQ controls mitochondrial activity through directly affecting the NADH dehydrogenase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Liu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Funjian, China.,School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,The Key Laboratory of General Administration of Sport of China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Sports and Health, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yingyong Zhang
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Tao Liu
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Chongrong Ke
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology and Fermentation Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jianzhong Huang
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology and Fermentation Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yajuan Fu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Funjian, China.,College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhang Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Funjian, China.,College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Fengjuan Chen
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiuqin Wu
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,The Key Laboratory of General Administration of Sport of China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Funjian, China.,College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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17
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Zhang Y, Liao B, Hu S, Pan SY, Wang GP, Wang YL, Qin ZH, Luo L. High intensity interval training induces dysregulation of mitochondrial respiratory complex and mitophagy in the hippocampus of middle-aged mice. Behav Brain Res 2021; 412:113384. [PMID: 34147565 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is involved in aging-related cognitive impairment. Aerobic exercise training can improve cognitive function in the elderly and this effect may be associated with autophagic mechanisms and mitochondrial respiratory function. High intensity interval training (HIIT) has beneficial effects on heart and skeletal muscles by activating autophagy and/or mitophagy, but the effects of HIIT on autophagy/mitophagy in the aging brain are unknown. This study investigated the effects of HIIT on the mitochondrial respiratory complex and autophagy/mitophagy, and its relation to brain function. Thirteen middle-aged male ICR mice underwent HIIT for 7 weeks. The exercise program reduced the spontaneous behavior and exploration activities of the mice. The phosphorylation level of cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) and the protein expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) decreased after the 7-week HIIT. Exercise downregulated the protein expression of Complex Ⅰ and upregulated the protein expression of Complex Ⅲ, Complex Ⅳ and Complex Ⅴ. HIIT also decreased the expression of mitophagy-related proteins in the mitochondrial fractions of the hippocampus. However, HIIT did not change the expression of autophagy-related proteins LC3, P62, Atg5, Atg7, Beclin-1 and Lamp2 in the total lysate of the hippocampus. These data indicated that HIIT might have negative effects on the plasticity of the hippocampus in middle-aged mice. The effects may be related to the dysregulation of CREB-BDNF signaling, mitochondrial respiratory complex and mitophagy induced by HIIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215021, China
| | - Bo Liao
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215021, China
| | - Shuai Hu
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215021, China
| | - Shan-Yao Pan
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215021, China
| | - Gui-Ping Wang
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215021, China
| | - Yu-Long Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zheng-Hong Qin
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases (SZS0703), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, Soochow University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Li Luo
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215021, China.
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18
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Duncan D. Role of the community nurse in Parkinson's disease and lower urinary disorders. Br J Community Nurs 2021; 26:251-254. [PMID: 33939461 DOI: 10.12968/bjcn.2021.26.5.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is an incurable and progressive neurodegenerative disorder. People with PD also have increased muscle weakness and the typical symptoms of tremor, stiffness, slowness, balance problems and/or gait disorders. Other symptoms may include an overactive bladder, urgency and nocturia which can often lead to incontinence. Treatment options vary are dependent on the cause of the incontinence and should focus on improving Quality of life with a multi-pronged diagnosis-specific approach that takes into consideration a patient's ability to comply with treatment. The article looks at the role of the community nurse in caring for patients with PD and lower urinary disorders. They have a key role in assessment of patients and supporting families with tailor made bladder training such as establish a regular toilet routine, education about pelvic floor exercises or supply of incontinence products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debbie Duncan
- Lecturer (Education), School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University, Belfast
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19
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Shinn LJ, Lagalwar S. Treating Neurodegenerative Disease with Antioxidants: Efficacy of the Bioactive Phenol Resveratrol and Mitochondrial-Targeted MitoQ and SkQ. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10040573. [PMID: 33917835 PMCID: PMC8068221 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence from neurodegenerative disease research supports an early pathogenic role for mitochondrial dysfunction in affected neurons that precedes morphological and functional deficits. The resulting oxidative stress and respiratory malfunction contribute to neuronal toxicity and may enhance the vulnerability of neurons to continued assault by aggregation-prone proteins. Consequently, targeting mitochondria with antioxidant therapy may be a non-invasive, inexpensive, and viable means of strengthening neuronal health and slowing disease progression, thereby extending quality of life. We review the preclinical and clinical findings available to date of the natural bioactive phenol resveratrol and two synthetic mitochondrial-targeted antioxidants, MitoQ and SkQ.
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20
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Puthanmadhom Narayanan S, O'Brien D, Sharma M, Miller K, Adams P, Passos JF, Eirin A, Ordog T, Bharucha AE. Duodenal mucosal mitochondrial gene expression is associated with delayed gastric emptying in diabetic gastroenteropathy. JCI Insight 2021; 6:143596. [PMID: 33491664 PMCID: PMC7934845 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.143596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hindered by a limited understanding of the mechanisms responsible for diabetic gastroenteropathy (DGE), management is symptomatic. We investigated the duodenal mucosal expression of protein-coding genes and microRNAs (miRNA) in DGE and related them to clinical features. The diabetic phenotype, gastric emptying, mRNA, and miRNA expression and ultrastructure of duodenal mucosal biopsies were compared in 39 DGE patients and 21 controls. Among 3175 differentially expressed genes (FDR < 0.05), several mitochondrial DNA–encoded (mtDNA-encoded) genes (12 of 13 protein coding genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation [OXPHOS], both rRNAs and 9 of 22 transfer RNAs) were downregulated; conversely, nuclear DNA–encoded (nDNA-encoded) mitochondrial genes (OXPHOS) were upregulated in DGE. The promoters of differentially expressed genes were enriched in motifs for transcription factors (e.g., NRF1), which regulate mitochondrial biogenesis. Seventeen of 30 differentially expressed miRNAs targeted differentially expressed mitochondrial genes. Mitochondrial density was reduced and correlated with expression of 9 mtDNA OXPHOS genes. Uncovered by principal component (PC) analysis of 70 OXPHOS genes, PC1 was associated with neuropathy (P = 0.01) and delayed gastric emptying (P < 0.05). In DGE, mtDNA- and nDNA-encoded mitochondrial genes are reduced and increased — associated with reduced mitochondrial density, neuropathy, and delayed gastric emptying — and correlated with cognate miRNAs. These findings suggest that mitochondrial disturbances may contribute to delayed gastric emptying in DGE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel O'Brien
- Department of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Mayank Sharma
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Karl Miller
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Peter Adams
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, San Diego, California, USA
| | - João F Passos
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering and
| | - Alfonso Eirin
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension Research, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Tamas Ordog
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering and
| | - Adil E Bharucha
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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21
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Hor JH, Santosa MM, Lim VJW, Ho BX, Taylor A, Khong ZJ, Ravits J, Fan Y, Liou YC, Soh BS, Ng SY. ALS motor neurons exhibit hallmark metabolic defects that are rescued by SIRT3 activation. Cell Death Differ 2020; 28:1379-1397. [PMID: 33184465 PMCID: PMC8027637 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-00664-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Motor neurons (MNs) are highly energetic cells and recent studies suggest that altered energy metabolism precede MN loss in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), an age-onset neurodegenerative disease. However, clear mechanistic insights linking altered metabolism and MN death are still missing. In this study, induced pluripotent stem cells from healthy controls, familial ALS, and sporadic ALS patients were differentiated toward spinal MNs, cortical neurons, and cardiomyocytes. Metabolic flux analyses reveal an MN-specific deficiency in mitochondrial respiration in ALS. Intriguingly, all forms of familial and sporadic ALS MNs tested in our study exhibited similar defective metabolic profiles, which were attributed to hyper-acetylation of mitochondrial proteins. In the mitochondria, Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) functions as a mitochondrial deacetylase to maintain mitochondrial function and integrity. We found that activating SIRT3 using nicotinamide or a small molecule activator reversed the defective metabolic profiles in all our ALS MNs, as well as correct a constellation of ALS-associated phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hui Hor
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Munirah Mohamad Santosa
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (Physiology), National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456, Singapore
| | - Valerie Jing Wen Lim
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Beatrice Xuan Ho
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Amy Taylor
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Zi Jian Khong
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore.,School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - John Ravits
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Yong Fan
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Yih-Cherng Liou
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Boon-Seng Soh
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore. .,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore. .,The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China.
| | - Shi-Yan Ng
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore. .,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (Physiology), National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456, Singapore. .,The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China. .,National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, 308433, Singapore.
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22
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Nyamugenda E, Griffin H, Russell S, Cooney KA, Kowalczyk NS, Islam I, Phelan KD, Baldini G. Selective Survival of Sim1/MC4R Neurons in Diet-Induced Obesity. iScience 2020; 23:101114. [PMID: 32438321 PMCID: PMC7240135 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the melanocortin pathway, melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) functions to control energy homeostasis. MC4R is expressed in a sub-population of Sim1 neurons (Sim1/MC4R neurons) and functions in hypothalamic paraventricular nuclei (PVN) to control food intake. Mapping sites of hypothalamic injury in obesity is essential to counteract the disease. In the PVN of male and female mice with diet-induced obesity (DIO) there is neuronal loss. However, the existing subpopulation of PVN Sim1/MC4R neurons is unchanged, but has a loss of mitochondria and MC4R protein. In mice of both sexes with DIO, dietary intervention to re-establish normal weight restores abundance of MC4R protein in Sim1/MC4R neurons and neurogenesis in the PVN. However, the number of non-Sim1/MC4R neurons in the PVN continues to remain decreased. Selective survival and recovery of Sim1/MC4R neurons after DIO suggests these neurons as preferential target to restore energy homeostasis and of therapy against obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Nyamugenda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Haven Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Susan Russell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Kimberly A Cooney
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Nicholas S Kowalczyk
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Ishrar Islam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Kevin D Phelan
- Department of Neurobiology & Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Giulia Baldini
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
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Aldosary M, Al-Bakheet A, Al-Dhalaan H, Almass R, Alsagob M, Al-Younes B, AlQuait L, Mustafa OM, Bulbul M, Rahbeeni Z, Alfadhel M, Chedrawi A, Al-Hassnan Z, AlDosari M, Al-Zaidan H, Al-Muhaizea MA, AlSayed MD, Salih MA, AlShammari M, Faiyaz-Ul-Haque M, Chishti MA, Al-Harazi O, Al-Odaib A, Kaya N, Colak D. Rett Syndrome, a Neurodevelopmental Disorder, Whole-Transcriptome, and Mitochondrial Genome Multiomics Analyses Identify Novel Variations and Disease Pathways. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2020; 24:160-171. [PMID: 32105570 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2019.0192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Rett syndrome (RTT) is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder reported worldwide in diverse populations. RTT is diagnosed primarily in females, with clinical findings manifesting early in life. Despite the variable rates across populations, RTT has an estimated prevalence of ∼1 in 10,000 live female births. Among 215 Saudi Arabian patients with neurodevelopmental and autism spectrum disorders, we identified 33 patients with RTT who were subsequently examined by genome-wide transcriptome and mitochondrial genome variations. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first in-depth molecular and multiomics analyses of a large cohort of Saudi RTT cases with a view to informing the underlying mechanisms of this disease that impact many patients and families worldwide. The patients were unrelated, except for 2 affected sisters, and comprised of 25 classic and eight atypical RTT cases. The cases were screened for methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MECP2), CDKL5, FOXG1, NTNG1, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants, as well as copy number variations (CNVs) using a genome-wide experimental strategy. We found that 15 patients (13 classic and two atypical RTT) have MECP2 mutations, 2 of which were novel variants. Two patients had novel FOXG1 and CDKL5 variants (both atypical RTT). Whole mtDNA sequencing of the patients who were MECP2 negative revealed two novel mtDNA variants in two classic RTT patients. Importantly, the whole-transcriptome analysis of our RTT patients' blood and further comparison with previous expression profiling of brain tissue from patients with RTT revealed 77 significantly dysregulated genes. The gene ontology and interaction network analysis indicated potentially critical roles of MAPK9, NDUFA5, ATR, SMARCA5, RPL23, SRSF3, and mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress response and MAPK signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of RTT genes. This study expands our knowledge on RTT disease networks and pathways as well as presents novel mutations and mtDNA alterations in RTT in a population sample that was not previously studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazhor Aldosary
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - AlBandary Al-Bakheet
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham Al-Dhalaan
- Department of Neuroscience, and King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rawan Almass
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maysoon Alsagob
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Banan Al-Younes
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laila AlQuait
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Mufid Mustafa
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustafa Bulbul
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zuhair Rahbeeni
- Department of Medical Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majid Alfadhel
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Genetics Division, Department of Pediatrics, King Abdullah Specialized Children Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aziza Chedrawi
- Department of Neuroscience, and King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zuhair Al-Hassnan
- Department of Medical Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed AlDosari
- Center for Pediatric Neurosciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Hamad Al-Zaidan
- Department of Medical Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad A Al-Muhaizea
- Department of Neuroscience, and King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moeenaldeen D AlSayed
- Department of Medical Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustafa A Salih
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mai AlShammari
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohammad Azhar Chishti
- Department of Biochemistry, King Khalid Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Olfat Al-Harazi
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Scientific Computing, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Al-Odaib
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Namik Kaya
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dilek Colak
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Scientific Computing, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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24
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Ishibashi T. Therapeutic Efficacy of Molecular Hydrogen: A New Mechanistic Insight. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:946-955. [PMID: 31057105 PMCID: PMC6806612 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190506123038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Background: Molecular hydrogen (H2) is now recognized as a therapeutic gas for the treatment of numerous diseases including neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic disorders, and inflammatory diseases. Non-polar, neutral H2 is assumed to have health benefits facilitated by its passive diffusion across the human body immediately after administration and is considered a safe therapeutic inert gas that does not interfere with physiological enzymatic reactions. The effects of H2 on mammalian cells are assumed to be based on non-enzymatic reactions with Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) exhibiting extremely high reactivity. However, many reports on therapeutic applications of H2 have the limitation to regard H2 only as a scavenger for the hydroxyl radical and peroxynitrite. Methods: Apart from this proposed principle, a new possible mechanism of H2 activation and consumption in mammalian cells is considered in this review, which is specifically focused on the mitochondrial complex I that has a close evolutionary relationship with energy-converting, membrane-bound [NiFe]-hydrogenases (MBH). Notably, the possibility that H2 may function as both electron and proton donor in the ubiquinone-binding chamber of complex I is discussed. Results: H2 is proposed to act as the rectifier of the mitochondrial electron flow in the disordered or pathological state when the accumulation of electrons leads to ROS production, specifically during the re-supply of O2 after hypoxia in the mitochondria. Conclusion: Furthermore, H2 is proposed to convert the quinone intermediates to the fully reduced ubiquinol, thereby increasing the antioxidant capacity of the quinone pool as well as preventing the generation of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Ishibashi
- Department of Rheumatology, Orthopaedic Surgery and Health Care, Huis Ten Bosch Satellite H2 Clinic Hakata, Fukuoka, Japan
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25
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Galkin A. Brain Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury and Mitochondrial Complex I Damage. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2019; 84:1411-1423. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297919110154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Czarny P, Bialek K, Ziolkowska S, Strycharz J, Sliwinski T. DNA damage and repair in neuropsychiatric disorders. What do we know and what are the future perspectives? Mutagenesis 2019; 35:79-106. [DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gez035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractOver the past two decades, extensive research has been done to elucidate the molecular etiology and pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders. In majority of them, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), bipolar disorder (BD), schizophrenia and major depressive disorder, increased oxidative and nitrosative stress was found. This stress is known to induce oxidative damage to biomolecules, including DNA. Accordingly, increased mitochondrial and nuclear DNA, as well as RNA damage, were observed in patients suffering from these diseases. However, recent findings indicate that the patients are characterised by impaired DNA repair pathways, which may suggest that these DNA lesions could be also a result of their insufficient repair. In the current systematic, critical review, we aim to sum up, using available literature, the knowledge about the involvement of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA damage and repair, as well as about damage to RNA in pathoetiology of neuropsychiatric disorders, i.e., AD, PD, ALS, BD, schizophrenia and major depressive disorder, as well as the usefulness of the discussed factors as being diagnostic markers and targets for new therapies. Moreover, we also underline the new directions to which future studies should head to elucidate these phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Czarny
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Bialek
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Sylwia Ziolkowska
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Justyna Strycharz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Sliwinski
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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27
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Roles for the Endoplasmic Reticulum in Regulation of Neuronal Calcium Homeostasis. Cells 2019; 8:cells8101232. [PMID: 31658749 PMCID: PMC6829861 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
By influencing Ca2+ homeostasis in spatially and architecturally distinct neuronal compartments, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) illustrates the notion that form and function are intimately related. The contribution of ER to neuronal Ca2+ homeostasis is attributed to the organelle being the largest reservoir of intracellular Ca2+ and having a high density of Ca2+ channels and transporters. As such, ER Ca2+ has incontrovertible roles in the regulation of axodendritic growth and morphology, synaptic vesicle release, and neural activity dependent gene expression, synaptic plasticity, and mitochondrial bioenergetics. Not surprisingly, many neurological diseases arise from ER Ca2+ dyshomeostasis, either directly due to alterations in ER resident proteins, or indirectly via processes that are coupled to the regulators of ER Ca2+ dynamics. In this review, we describe the mechanisms involved in the establishment of ER Ca2+ homeostasis in neurons. We elaborate upon how changes in the spatiotemporal dynamics of Ca2+ exchange between the ER and other organelles sculpt neuronal function and provide examples that demonstrate the involvement of ER Ca2+ dyshomeostasis in a range of neurological and neurodegenerative diseases.
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28
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Menta BW, Swerdlow RH. An Integrative Overview of Non-Amyloid and Non-Tau Pathologies in Alzheimer's Disease. Neurochem Res 2019; 44:12-21. [PMID: 30084096 PMCID: PMC6347553 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2603-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that devastates the lives of its victims, and challenges the family members and health care infrastructures that care for them. Clinically, attempts to understand AD have focused on trying to predict the presence of, and more recently demonstrate the presence of, its characteristic amyloid plaque and neurofibrillary tangle pathologies. Fundamental research has also traditionally focused on understanding the generation, content, and pathogenicity of plaques and tangles, but in addition to this there is now an emerging independent interest in other molecular phenomena including apolipoprotein E, lipid metabolism, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial function. While studies emphasizing the role of these phenomena have provided valuable AD insights, it is interesting that at the molecular level these entities extensively intertwine and interact. In this review, we provide a brief overview of why apolipoprotein E, lipid metabolism, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial research have become increasingly ascendant in the AD research field, and present the case for studying these phenomena from an integrated perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blaise W Menta
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center, Fairway, KS, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Kansas Medical Center, Lawrence, KS, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Russell H Swerdlow
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center, Fairway, KS, USA.
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Kansas Medical Center, Lawrence, KS, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Lawrence, KS, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Lawrence, KS, USA.
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Lawrence, KS, USA.
- Landon Center on Aging, MS 2012, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
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29
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Carneiro FRG, Lepelley A, Seeley JJ, Hayden MS, Ghosh S. An Essential Role for ECSIT in Mitochondrial Complex I Assembly and Mitophagy in Macrophages. Cell Rep 2018; 22:2654-2666. [PMID: 29514094 PMCID: PMC5909989 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.02.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
ECSIT is a mitochondrial complex I (CI)-associated protein that has been shown to regulate the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) following engagement of Toll-like receptors (TLRs). We have generated an Ecsit conditional knockout (CKO) mouse strain to study the in vivo role of ECSIT. ECSIT deletion results in profound alteration of macrophage metabolism, leading to a striking shift to reliance on glycolysis, complete disruption of CI activity, and loss of the CI holoenzyme and multiple subassemblies. An increase in constitutive mROS production in ECSIT-deleted macrophages prevents further TLR-induced mROS production. Surprisingly, ECSIT-deleted cells accumulate damaged mitochondria because of defective mitophagy. ECSIT associates with the mitophagy regulator PINK1 and exhibits Parkin-dependent ubiquitination. However, upon ECSIT deletion, we observed increased mitochondrial Parkin without the expected increase in mitophagy. Taken together, these results demonstrate a key role of ECSIT in CI function, mROS production, and mitophagy-dependent mitochondrial quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia R G Carneiro
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; FIOCRUZ, Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alice Lepelley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - John J Seeley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Matthew S Hayden
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Section of Dermatology, Department of Surgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
| | - Sankar Ghosh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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30
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Short-term succinic acid treatment mitigates cerebellar mitochondrial OXPHOS dysfunction, neurodegeneration and ataxia in a Purkinje-specific spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) mouse model. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188425. [PMID: 29211771 PMCID: PMC5718515 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a significant role in neurodegenerative disease including ataxias and other movement disorders, particularly those marked by progressive degeneration in the cerebellum. In this study, we investigate the role of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) deficits in cerebellar tissue of a Purkinje cell-driven spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) mouse. Using RNA sequencing transcriptomics, OXPHOS complex assembly analysis and oxygen consumption assays, we report that in the presence of mutant polyglutamine-expanded ataxin-1, SCA1 mice display deficits in cerebellar OXPHOS complex I (NADH-coenzyme Q oxidoreductase). Complex I genes are upregulated at the time of symptom onset and upregulation persists into late stage disease; yet, functional assembly of complex I macromolecules are diminished and oxygen respiration through complex I is reduced. Acute treatment of postsymptomatic SCA1 mice with succinic acid, a complex II (succinate dehydrogenase) electron donor to bypass complex I dysfunction, ameliorated cerebellar OXPHOS dysfunction, reduced cerebellar pathology and improved motor behavior. Thus, exploration of mitochondrial dysfunction and its role in neurodegenerative ataxias, and warrants further investigation.
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31
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Cheung LTY, Manthey AL, Lai JSM, Chiu K. Targeted Delivery of Mitochondrial Calcium Channel Regulators: The Future of Glaucoma Treatment? Front Neurosci 2017; 11:648. [PMID: 29213227 PMCID: PMC5702640 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Leanne T Y Cheung
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Abby L Manthey
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jimmy S M Lai
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kin Chiu
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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32
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Lin H, Magrane J, Rattelle A, Stepanova A, Galkin A, Clark EM, Dong YN, Halawani SM, Lynch DR. Early cerebellar deficits in mitochondrial biogenesis and respiratory chain complexes in the KIKO mouse model of Friedreich ataxia. Dis Model Mech 2017; 10:1343-1352. [PMID: 29125827 PMCID: PMC5719255 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.030502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Friedreich ataxia (FRDA), the most common recessive inherited ataxia, results from deficiency of frataxin, a small mitochondrial protein crucial for iron-sulphur cluster formation and ATP production. Frataxin deficiency is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in FRDA patients and animal models; however, early mitochondrial pathology in FRDA cerebellum remains elusive. Using frataxin knock-in/knockout (KIKO) mice and KIKO mice carrying the mitoDendra transgene, we show early cerebellar deficits in mitochondrial biogenesis and respiratory chain complexes in this FRDA model. At asymptomatic stages, the levels of PGC-1α (PPARGC1A), the mitochondrial biogenesis master regulator, are significantly decreased in cerebellar homogenates of KIKO mice compared with age-matched controls. Similarly, the levels of the PGC-1α downstream effectors, NRF1 and Tfam, are significantly decreased, suggesting early impaired cerebellar mitochondrial biogenesis pathways. Early mitochondrial deficiency is further supported by significant reduction of the mitochondrial markers GRP75 (HSPA9) and mitofusin-1 in the cerebellar cortex. Moreover, the numbers of Dendra-labeled mitochondria are significantly decreased in cerebellar cortex, confirming asymptomatic cerebellar mitochondrial biogenesis deficits. Functionally, complex I and II enzyme activities are significantly reduced in isolated mitochondria and tissue homogenates from asymptomatic KIKO cerebella. Structurally, levels of the complex I core subunit NUDFB8 and complex II subunits SDHA and SDHB are significantly lower than those in age-matched controls. These results demonstrate complex I and II deficiency in KIKO cerebellum, consistent with defects identified in FRDA patient tissues. Thus, our findings identify early cerebellar mitochondrial biogenesis deficits as a potential mediator of cerebellar dysfunction and ataxia, thereby providing a potential therapeutic target for early intervention of FRDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Lin
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jordi Magrane
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Amy Rattelle
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Anna Stepanova
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Queen's University Belfast, School of Biological Sciences, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Alexander Galkin
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Queen's University Belfast, School of Biological Sciences, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Elisia M Clark
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yi Na Dong
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sarah M Halawani
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - David R Lynch
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Sorrentino L, Cossu F, Milani M, Aliverti A, Mastrangelo E. Structural bases of the altered catalytic properties of a pathogenic variant of apoptosis inducing factor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 490:1011-1017. [PMID: 28666871 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.06.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) is a FAD-containing protein playing critical roles in caspase-independent apoptosis and mitochondrial respiratory chain biogenesis and maintenance. While its lethal role is well known, the details of its mitochondrial function remain elusive. So far, nineteen allelic variants of AIF have been associated to human diseases, mainly affecting the nervous system. A strict correlation is emerging between the degree of impairment of its ability to stabilize the charge-transfer (CT) complex between FAD and NAD+ and the severity of the resulting pathology. Recently, we demonstrated that the G307E replacement in murine AIF (equivalent to the pathogenic G308E in the human protein) dramatically decreases the rate of CT complex formation through the destabilization of the flavoprotein interaction with NAD(H). To provide further insights into the structural bases of its altered functional properties, here we report the first crystal structure of an AIF pathogenic mutant variant in complex with NAD+ (murine AIF-G307ECT) in comparison with its oxidized form. With respect to wild type AIF, the mutation leads to an altered positioning of NAD+ adenylate moiety, which slows down CT complex formation. Moreover, the altered balance between the binding of the adenine/nicotinamide portions of the coenzyme determines a large drop in AIF-G307E ability to discriminate between NADH and NADPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Sorrentino
- Biophysics Institute, National Research Council c/o Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy; Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Federica Cossu
- Biophysics Institute, National Research Council c/o Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy; Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Mario Milani
- Biophysics Institute, National Research Council c/o Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy; Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aliverti
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Eloise Mastrangelo
- Biophysics Institute, National Research Council c/o Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy; Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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Krishnathas R, Bonke E, Dröse S, Zickermann V, Nasiri HR. Identification of 4- N-[2-(4-phenoxyphenyl)ethyl]quinazoline-4,6-diamine as a novel, highly potent and specific inhibitor of mitochondrial complex I. MEDCHEMCOMM 2017; 8:657-661. [PMID: 30108783 DOI: 10.1039/c6md00655h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
By probing the quinone substrate binding site of mitochondrial complex I with a focused set of quinazoline-based compounds, we identified substitution patterns as being critical for the observed inhibition. The structure activity relationship study also resulted in the discovery of the quinazoline 4-N-[2-(4-phenoxyphenyl)ethyl]quinazoline-4,6-diamine (EVP4593) as a highly potent inhibitor of the multisubunit membrane protein. EVP4593 specifically and effectively reduces the mitochondrial complex I-dependent respiration with no effect on the respiratory chain complexes II-IV. Similar to established Q-site inhibitors, EVP4593 elicits the release of reactive oxygen species at the flavin site of mitochondrial complex I. Recently, EVP4593 was nominated as a lead compound for the treatment of Huntingtons disease. Our results challenge the postulated primary mode-of-action of EVP4593 as an inhibitor of NF-κB pathway activation and/or store-operated calcium influx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Krishnathas
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt , Max-von-Laue-Straße 7 , D-60438 Frankfurt am Main , Germany .
| | - Erik Bonke
- Department of Anaesthesiology , Intensive-Care Medicine and Pain Therapy , University Hospital Frankfurt , 60590 Frankfurt am Main , Germany
| | - Stefan Dröse
- Department of Anaesthesiology , Intensive-Care Medicine and Pain Therapy , University Hospital Frankfurt , 60590 Frankfurt am Main , Germany
| | - Volker Zickermann
- Structural Bioenergetics Group , Institute of Biochemistry II , Medical School , Goethe-University , 60438 Frankfurt am Main , Germany.,Cluster of Excellence Frankfurt "Macromolecular Complexes," , Goethe-University , 60438 Frankfurt am Main , Germany
| | - Hamid R Nasiri
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt , Max-von-Laue-Straße 7 , D-60438 Frankfurt am Main , Germany .
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Ferro A, Carbone E, Marzouk E, Siegel A, Nguyen D, Polley K, Hartman J, Frederick K, Ives S, Lagalwar S. Treating SCA1 Mice with Water-Soluble Compounds to Non-Specifically Boost Mitochondrial Function. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 28190022 DOI: 10.3791/53758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a significant role in the aging process and in neurodegenerative diseases including several hereditary spinocerebellar ataxias and other movement disorders marked by progressive degeneration of the cerebellum. The goal of this protocol is to assess mitochondrial dysfunction in Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) and assess the efficacy of pharmacological targeting of metabolic respiration via the water-soluble compound succinic acid to slow disease progression. This approach is applicable to other cerebellar diseases and can be adapted to a host of water-soluble therapies. Ex vivo analysis of mitochondrial respiration is used to detect and quantify disease-related changes in mitochondrial function. With genetic evidence (unpublished data) and proteomic evidence of mitochondrial dysfunction in the SCA1 mouse model, we evaluate the efficacy of treatment with the water-soluble metabolic booster succinic acid by dissolving this compound directly into the home cage drinking water. The ability of the drug to pass the blood brain barrier can be deduced using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The efficacy of these compounds can then be tested using multiple behavioral paradigms including the accelerating rotarod, balance beam test and footprint analysis. Cytoarchitectural integrity of the cerebellum can be assessed using immunofluorescence assays that detect Purkinje cell nuclei and Purkinje cell dendrites and soma. These methods are robust techniques for determining mitochondrial dysfunction and the efficacy of treatment with water-soluble compounds in cerebellar neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Stephen Ives
- Health and Exercise Science Department, Skidmore College
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Ren J, Sherry AD, Malloy CR. Efficient 31 P band inversion transfer approach for measuring creatine kinase activity, ATP synthesis, and molecular dynamics in the human brain at 7 T. Magn Reson Med 2016; 78:1657-1666. [PMID: 27868234 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Revised: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop an efficient 31 P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) method for measuring creatine kinase (CK) activity, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis, and motion dynamics in the human brain at 7 Tesla (T). METHODS Three band inversion modules differing in center frequency were used to induce magnetization transfer (MT) effect in three exchange pathways: (i) CK-mediated reaction PCr → γ-ATP; (ii) de novo ATP synthesis Pi → γ-ATP; and (iii) ATP intramolecular 31 P-31 P cross-relaxation γ-(α-) ↔ β-ATP. The resultant MT data were analyzed using a 5-pool model in the format of magnetization matrix according to Bloch-McConnell-Solomon formalism. RESULTS With a repetition time (TR) of 4 s, the scan time for each module was approximately 8 min. The rate constants were kPCr → γATP 0.38 ± 0.02 s-1 , kPi → γATP 0.19 ± 0.02 s-1 , and σγ(α) ↔ βATP 0.19 ± 0.04 s-1 , corresponding to ATP rotation correlation time τc (0.8 ± 0.2) ·10-7 s. The T1 relaxation times were Pi 7.26 ± 1.76 s, PCr 5.99 ± 0.58 s, γ-ATP 0.98 ± 0.07 s, α-ATP 0.95 ± 0.04 s, and β-ATP 0.68 ± 0.03 s. CONCLUSION Short-TR band inversion modules provide a time-efficient way of measuring brain ATP metabolism and could be useful in studying metabolic disorders in brain diseases. Magn Reson Med 78:1657-1666, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Ren
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - A Dean Sherry
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA
| | - Craig R Malloy
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,VA North Texas Health Care System, Dallas, Texas, USA
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Kahlhöfer F, Kmita K, Wittig I, Zwicker K, Zickermann V. Accessory subunit NUYM (NDUFS4) is required for stability of the electron input module and activity of mitochondrial complex I. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2016; 1858:175-181. [PMID: 27871794 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial complex I is an intricate 1MDa membrane protein complex with a central role in aerobic energy metabolism. The minimal form of complex I consists of fourteen central subunits that are conserved from bacteria to man. In addition, eukaryotic complex I comprises some 30 accessory subunits of largely unknown function. The gene for the accessory NDUFS4 subunit of human complex I is a hot spot for fatal pathogenic mutations in humans. We have deleted the gene for the orthologous NUYM subunit in the aerobic yeast Yarrowia lipolytica, an established model system to study eukaryotic complex I and complex I linked diseases. We observed assembly of complex I which lacked only subunit NUYM and retained weak interaction with assembly factor N7BML (human NDUFAF2). Absence of NUYM caused distortion of iron sulfur clusters of the electron input domain leading to decreased complex I activity and increased release of reactive oxygen species. We conclude that NUYM has an important stabilizing function for the electron input module of complex I and is essential for proper complex I function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Kahlhöfer
- Structural Bioenergetics Group, Institute of Biochemistry II, Medical School, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Kmita
- Structural Bioenergetics Group, Institute of Biochemistry II, Medical School, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ilka Wittig
- Functional Proteomics, Institute of Biochemistry I, Medical School, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Cluster of Excellence Frankfurt "Macromolecular Complexes", Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Klaus Zwicker
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Medical School, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Volker Zickermann
- Structural Bioenergetics Group, Institute of Biochemistry II, Medical School, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Cluster of Excellence Frankfurt "Macromolecular Complexes", Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Preservation Analysis of Macrophage Gene Coexpression Between Human and Mouse Identifies PARK2 as a Genetically Controlled Master Regulator of Oxidative Phosphorylation in Humans. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2016; 6:3361-3371. [PMID: 27558669 PMCID: PMC5068955 DOI: 10.1534/g3.116.033894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are key players involved in numerous pathophysiological pathways and an in-depth characterization of their gene regulatory networks can help in better understanding how their dysfunction may impact on human diseases. We here conducted a cross-species network analysis of macrophage gene expression data between human and mouse to identify conserved networks across both species, and assessed whether such networks could reveal new disease-associated regulatory mechanisms. From a sample of 684 individuals processed for genome-wide macrophage gene expression profiling, we identified 27 groups of coexpressed genes (modules). Six modules were found preserved (P < 10−4) in macrophages from 86 mice of the Hybrid Mouse Diversity Panel. One of these modules was significantly [false discovery rate (FDR) = 8.9 × 10−11] enriched for genes belonging to the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) pathway. This pathway was also found significantly (FDR < 10−4) enriched in susceptibility genes for Alzheimer, Parkinson, and Huntington diseases. We further conducted an expression quantitative trait loci analysis to identify SNP that could regulate macrophage OXPHOS gene expression in humans. This analysis identified the PARK2 rs192804963 as a trans-acting variant influencing (minimal P-value = 4.3 × 10−8) the expression of most OXPHOS genes in humans. Further experimental work demonstrated that PARK2 knockdown expression was associated with increased OXPHOS gene expression in THP1 human macrophages. This work provided strong new evidence that PARK2 participates to the regulatory networks associated with oxidative phosphorylation and suggested that PARK2 genetic variations could act as a trans regulator of OXPHOS gene macrophage expression in humans.
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Cryo-EM structure of respiratory complex I reveals a link to mitochondrial sulfur metabolism. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2016; 1857:1935-1942. [PMID: 27693469 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial complex I is a 1MDa membrane protein complex with a central role in aerobic energy metabolism. The bioenergetic core functions are executed by 14 central subunits that are conserved from bacteria to man. Despite recent progress in structure determination, our understanding of the function of the ~30 accessory subunits associated with the mitochondrial complex is still limited. We have investigated the structure of complex I from the aerobic yeast Yarrowia lipolytica by cryo-electron microscopy. Our density map at 7.9Å resolution closely matches the 3.6-3.9Å X-ray structure of the Yarrowia lipolytica complex. However, the cryo-EM map indicated an additional subunit on the side of the matrix arm above the membrane surface, pointing away from the membrane arm. The density, which is not present in any previously described complex I structure and occurs in about 20 % of the particles, was identified as the accessory sulfur transferase subunit ST1. The Yarrowia lipolytica complex I preparation is active in generating H2S from the cysteine derivative 3-mercaptopyruvate, catalyzed by ST1. We thus provide evidence for a link between respiratory complex I and mitochondrial sulfur metabolism.
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Orozco-Ibarra M, García-Morales J, Calvo-Silva FJ, Fernández-Valverde F, Serrano-García N. Striatal mitochondria response to 3-nitropropionic acid and fish oil treatment. Nutr Neurosci 2016; 21:132-142. [PMID: 27682807 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2016.1237074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Huntington's disease (HD). 3-Nitropropionic acid (3-NP) is a mitochondrial toxin that specifically inhibits complex II of the electron transport chain (ETC) and is used to generate an experimental model of HD. OBJECTIVE To study the effect of fish liver oil (FO) over the mitochondrial dysfunction induced via partial ETC inhibition by 3-NP. METHODS This study was performed in rats and consisted of two phases: (i) administration of increasing doses of 3-NP and (ii) administration of FO for 14 days before to 3-NP. The rats' exploratory activity; complex I, II, III, and IV activities; and rearing behavior were observed. Additionally, the number of TUNEL-positive cells and various mitochondrial parameters, including oxygen consumption, transmembrane potential, adenosine triphosphate synthesis, and ETC activity, were measured. RESULTS We observed that FO exerted a protective effect against the 3-NP-induced toxicity, although complex II inhibition still occurred. Instead, this effect was related to strengthened mitochondrial complex III and IV activities. DISCUSSION Our results show that FO exerts a beneficial prophylactic effect against mitochondrial damage. Elucidating the mechanisms linking the effects of FO with its prevention of neurodegeneration could be the key to developing recommendations for FO consumption in neurological pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisol Orozco-Ibarra
- a Laboratorio de Neurobiología Molecular y Celular , Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía , Av. Insurgentes Sur No. 3877 Col. La Fama, Deleg. Tlalpan, CP 14269 , Ciudad de México , México
| | - Jazmín García-Morales
- a Laboratorio de Neurobiología Molecular y Celular , Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía , Av. Insurgentes Sur No. 3877 Col. La Fama, Deleg. Tlalpan, CP 14269 , Ciudad de México , México
| | - Francisco José Calvo-Silva
- a Laboratorio de Neurobiología Molecular y Celular , Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía , Av. Insurgentes Sur No. 3877 Col. La Fama, Deleg. Tlalpan, CP 14269 , Ciudad de México , México
| | - Francisca Fernández-Valverde
- b Laboratorio de Patología Experimental , Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía , Av. Insurgentes Sur No. 3877 Col. La Fama, Deleg. Tlalpan, CP 14269 , Ciudad de México , México
| | - Norma Serrano-García
- a Laboratorio de Neurobiología Molecular y Celular , Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía , Av. Insurgentes Sur No. 3877 Col. La Fama, Deleg. Tlalpan, CP 14269 , Ciudad de México , México
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Anglin R. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Psychiatric Illness. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY. REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE 2016; 61:444-5. [PMID: 27412727 PMCID: PMC4959647 DOI: 10.1177/0706743716646361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Anglin
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario
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42
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Bergman O, Ben-Shachar D. Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation System (OXPHOS) Deficits in Schizophrenia: Possible Interactions with Cellular Processes. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY. REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE 2016; 61:457-69. [PMID: 27412728 PMCID: PMC4959648 DOI: 10.1177/0706743716648290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are key players in the generation and regulation of cellular bioenergetics, producing the majority of adenosine triphosphate molecules by the oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS). Linked to numerous signaling pathways and cellular functions, mitochondria, and OXPHOS in particular, are involved in neuronal development, connectivity, plasticity, and differentiation. Impairments in a variety of mitochondrial functions have been described in different general and psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia (SCZ), a severe, chronic, debilitating illness that heavily affects the lives of patients and their families. This article reviews findings emphasizing the role of OXPHOS in the pathophysiology of SCZ. Evidence accumulated during the past few decades from imaging, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic studies points at OXPHOS deficit involvement in SCZ. Abnormalities have been reported in high-energy phosphates generated by the OXPHOS, in the activity of its complexes and gene expression, primarily of complex I (CoI). In addition, cellular signaling such as cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) and Ca(+2), neuronal development, connectivity, and plasticity have been linked to OXPHOS function and are reported to be impaired in SCZ. Finally, CoI has been shown as a site of interaction for both dopamine (DA) and antipsychotic drugs, further substantiating its role in the pathology of SCZ. Understanding the role of mitochondria and the OXPHOS in particular may encourage new insights into the pathophysiology and etiology of this debilitating disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oded Bergman
- Laboratory of Psychobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Rambam Medical Center, Technion-IIT, Haifa, Israel B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-IIT, Haifa, Israel
| | - Dorit Ben-Shachar
- Laboratory of Psychobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Rambam Medical Center, Technion-IIT, Haifa, Israel B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-IIT, Haifa, Israel
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Kharroubi W, Ahmed SH, Nury T, Andreoletti P, Haouas Z, Zarrouk A, Sakly R, Hammami M, Lizard G. Evidence of hormesis on human neuronal SK-N-BE cells treated with sodium arsenate: impact at the mitochondrial level. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:8441-8452. [PMID: 26782323 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6043-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of human neuronal SK-N-BE cells to sodium arsenate (AsV 0.1-400 μM; 48 h) induced a biphasic toxic effect evoking hormesis. Indeed, at low concentrations, AsV stimulates cell proliferation visualized by phase contrast microscopy, whereas at high concentrations, an induction of cell death associated with a loss of cell adhesion was observed. These side effects were confirmed with crystal violet test, cell cycle analysis, evaluation of the percentage of Ki67 positive cells, and staining with propidium iodide. The impact of AsV on mitochondrial functions, which was determined by the MTT assay, the measurement of mitochondrial transmembrane potential with DiOC6(3), and the rate of mitochondrial ATP, also support an hormesis process. In addition, in the presence of high concentrations of AsV, a significant decrease of the protein expression of OXPHOS complexes of the respiratory chain was observed by western blot supporting that AsV-induced cell death is associated with mitochondrial alterations. Therefore, there are some evidences of hormesis on AsV-treated SK-N-BE cells, and at high concentrations, the mitochondria are a target of toxicity induced by AsV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafa Kharroubi
- University Bourgogne Franche Comté, Université de Bourgogne Laboratoire Bio-PeroxIL, 'Biochimie du Peroxysome, Inflammation et Métabolisme Lipidique' EA7270 / INSERM, Faculté des Sciences Gabriel, Dijon, France.
- Laboratoire de biochimie « Nutrition -aliments fonctionnels et santé vasculaire « LR- NAFS LR12ES05, Faculté de Médecine, Monastir, Tunisie.
| | - Samia Haj Ahmed
- University Bourgogne Franche Comté, Université de Bourgogne Laboratoire Bio-PeroxIL, 'Biochimie du Peroxysome, Inflammation et Métabolisme Lipidique' EA7270 / INSERM, Faculté des Sciences Gabriel, Dijon, France
- Laboratoire de biochimie « Nutrition -aliments fonctionnels et santé vasculaire « LR- NAFS LR12ES05, Faculté de Médecine, Monastir, Tunisie
| | - Thomas Nury
- University Bourgogne Franche Comté, Université de Bourgogne Laboratoire Bio-PeroxIL, 'Biochimie du Peroxysome, Inflammation et Métabolisme Lipidique' EA7270 / INSERM, Faculté des Sciences Gabriel, Dijon, France
| | - Pierre Andreoletti
- University Bourgogne Franche Comté, Université de Bourgogne Laboratoire Bio-PeroxIL, 'Biochimie du Peroxysome, Inflammation et Métabolisme Lipidique' EA7270 / INSERM, Faculté des Sciences Gabriel, Dijon, France
| | - Zohra Haouas
- Unité de recherche de génétique « Histologie et de Cytogénétique 02/UR/ 08-03 »Faculté de Médecine de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisie
| | - Amira Zarrouk
- University Bourgogne Franche Comté, Université de Bourgogne Laboratoire Bio-PeroxIL, 'Biochimie du Peroxysome, Inflammation et Métabolisme Lipidique' EA7270 / INSERM, Faculté des Sciences Gabriel, Dijon, France
- Laboratoire de biochimie « Nutrition -aliments fonctionnels et santé vasculaire « LR- NAFS LR12ES05, Faculté de Médecine, Monastir, Tunisie
| | - Rachid Sakly
- Laboratoire de biochimie « Nutrition -aliments fonctionnels et santé vasculaire « LR- NAFS LR12ES05, Faculté de Médecine, Monastir, Tunisie
| | - Mohamed Hammami
- Laboratoire de biochimie « Nutrition -aliments fonctionnels et santé vasculaire « LR- NAFS LR12ES05, Faculté de Médecine, Monastir, Tunisie
| | - Gérard Lizard
- University Bourgogne Franche Comté, Université de Bourgogne Laboratoire Bio-PeroxIL, 'Biochimie du Peroxysome, Inflammation et Métabolisme Lipidique' EA7270 / INSERM, Faculté des Sciences Gabriel, Dijon, France
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Wirth C, Brandt U, Hunte C, Zickermann V. Structure and function of mitochondrial complex I. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2016; 1857:902-14. [PMID: 26921811 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Proton-pumping NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) is the largest and most complicated enzyme of the respiratory chain. Fourteen central subunits represent the minimal form of complex I and can be assigned to functional modules for NADH oxidation, ubiquinone reduction, and proton pumping. In addition, the mitochondrial enzyme comprises some 30 accessory subunits surrounding the central subunits that are not directly associated with energy conservation. Complex I is known to release deleterious oxygen radicals (ROS) and its dysfunction has been linked to a number of hereditary and degenerative diseases. We here review recent progress in structure determination, and in understanding the role of accessory subunits and functional analysis of mitochondrial complex I. For the central subunits, structures provide insight into the arrangement of functional modules including the substrate binding sites, redox-centers and putative proton channels and pump sites. Only for two of the accessory subunits, detailed structures are available. Nevertheless, many of them could be localized in the overall structure of complex I, but most of these assignments have to be considered tentative. Strikingly, redox reactions and proton pumping machinery are spatially completely separated and the site of reduction for the hydrophobic substrate ubiquinone is found deeply buried in the hydrophilic domain of the complex. The X-ray structure of complex I from Yarrowia lipolytica provides clues supporting the previously proposed two-state stabilization change mechanism, in which ubiquinone redox chemistry induces conformational states and thereby drives proton pumping. The same structural rearrangements may explain the active/deactive transition of complex I implying an integrated mechanistic model for energy conversion and regulation. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Respiratory complex I, edited by Volker Zickermann and Ulrich Brandt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Wirth
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Brandt
- Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Cluster of Excellence Frankfurt "Macromolecular Complexes, Goethe-University, Germany
| | - Carola Hunte
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Volker Zickermann
- Structural Bioenergetics Group, Institute of Biochemistry II, Medical School, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Cluster of Excellence Frankfurt "Macromolecular Complexes, Goethe-University, Germany.
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Irwin MH, Moos WH, Faller DV, Steliou K, Pinkert CA. Epigenetic Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders: Alzheimer and Parkinson Diseases. Drug Dev Res 2016; 77:109-23. [PMID: 26899010 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical Research In this review, we discuss epigenetic-driven methods for treating neurodegenerative disorders associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, focusing on carnitinoid antioxidant-histone deacetylase inhibitors that show an ability to reinvigorate synaptic plasticity and protect against neuromotor decline in vivo. Aging remains a major risk factor in patients who progress to dementia, a clinical syndrome typified by decreased mental capacity, including impairments in memory, language skills, and executive function. Energy metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction are viewed as determinants in the aging process that may afford therapeutic targets for a host of disease conditions, the brain being primary in such thinking. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a core feature in the pathophysiology of both Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases and rare mitochondrial diseases. The potential of new therapies in this area extends to glaucoma and other ophthalmic disorders, migraine, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, post-traumatic stress disorder, systemic exertion intolerance disease, and chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment. An emerging and hopefully more promising approach to addressing these hard-to-treat diseases leverages their sensitivity to activation of master regulators of antioxidant and cytoprotective genes, antioxidant response elements, and mitophagy. Drug Dev Res 77 : 109-123, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael H Irwin
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Walter H Moos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,SRI Biosciences, A Division of SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Douglas V Faller
- Cancer Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kosta Steliou
- Cancer Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,PhenoMatriX, Inc., Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carl A Pinkert
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
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Cross Talk of Proteostasis and Mitostasis in Cellular Homeodynamics, Ageing, and Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:4587691. [PMID: 26977249 PMCID: PMC4763003 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4587691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that provide essential metabolic functions and represent the major bioenergetic hub of eukaryotic cell. Therefore, maintenance of mitochondria activity is necessary for the proper cellular function and survival. To this end, several mechanisms that act at different levels and time points have been developed to ensure mitochondria quality control. An interconnected highly integrated system of mitochondrial and cytosolic chaperones and proteases along with the fission/fusion machinery represents the surveillance scaffold of mitostasis. Moreover, nonreversible mitochondrial damage targets the organelle to a specific autophagic removal, namely, mitophagy. Beyond the organelle dynamics, the constant interaction with the ubiquitin-proteasome-system (UPS) has become an emerging aspect of healthy mitochondria. Dysfunction of mitochondria and UPS increases with age and correlates with many age-related diseases including cancer and neurodegeneration. In this review, we discuss the functional cross talk of proteostasis and mitostasis in cellular homeodynamics and the impairment of mitochondrial quality control during ageing, cancer, and neurodegeneration.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mitochondria, essential to multicellular life, convert food into ATP to satisfy cellular energy demands. Since different tissues have different energy requirements, mitochondrial density is high in tissues with high metabolic needs, such as the visual system, which is therefore highly susceptible to limited energy supply as a result of mitochondrial dysfunction. AREAS COVERED Vision impairment is a common feature of most mitochondrial diseases. At the same time, there is mounting evidence that mitochondrial impairment contributes to the pathogenesis of major eye diseases such as glaucoma and might also be involved in the reported vision impairment in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. EXPERT OPINION Rather than relying on symptomatic treatment, acknowledging the mitochondrial origin of visual disorders in mitochondrial, neurodegenerative and ocular diseases could lead to novel therapeutics that aim to modulate mitochondrial function in order to protect against vision loss. This approach has already shown some promising clinical results in inherited retinal disorders, which supports the idea that targeting mitochondria could also be a treatment option for other optic neuropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamuna Chhetri
- a Division of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health , University of Tasmania , Hobart , Australia
| | - Nuri Gueven
- a Division of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health , University of Tasmania , Hobart , Australia
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Sorrentino L, Calogero AM, Pandini V, Vanoni MA, Sevrioukova IF, Aliverti A. Key Role of the Adenylate Moiety and Integrity of the Adenylate-Binding Site for the NAD(+)/H Binding to Mitochondrial Apoptosis-Inducing Factor. Biochemistry 2015; 54:6996-7009. [PMID: 26535916 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.5b00898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) is a mitochondrial flavoprotein with pro-life and pro-death activities, which plays critical roles in mitochondrial energy metabolism and caspase-independent apoptosis. Defects in AIF structure or expression can cause mitochondrial abnormalities leading to mitochondrial defects and neurodegeneration. The mechanism of AIF-induced apoptosis was extensively investigated, whereas the mitochondrial function of AIF is poorly understood. A unique feature of AIF is the ability to form a tight, air-stable charge-transfer (CT) complex upon reaction with NADH and to undergo a conformational switch leading to dimerization, proposed to be important for its vital and lethal functions. Although some aspects of interaction of AIF with NAD(+)/H have been analyzed, its precise mechanism is not fully understood. We investigated how the oxidized and photoreduced wild-type and G307A and -E variants of murine AIF associate with NAD(+)/H and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN(+)/H) to determine the role of the adenylate moiety in the binding process. Our results indicate that (i) the adenylate moiety of NAD(+)/H is crucial for the association with AIF and for the subsequent structural reorganization of the complex, but not for protein dimerization, (ii) FAD reduction rather than binding of NAD(+)/H to AIF initiates conformational rearrangement, and (iii) alteration of the adenylate-binding site by the G307E (equivalent to a pathological G308E mutation in human AIF) or G307A replacements decrease the affinity and association rate of NAD(+)/H, which, in turn, perturbs CT complex formation and protein dimerization but has no influence on the conformational switch in the regulatory peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Sorrentino
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano , via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | | | - Vittorio Pandini
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano , via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Vanoni
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano , via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Irina F Sevrioukova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California , Irvine, California 92697-3900, United States
| | - Alessandro Aliverti
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano , via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
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Controlled and Impaired Mitochondrial Quality in Neurons: Molecular Physiology and Prospective Pharmacology. Pharmacol Res 2015; 99:410-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2015.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Biomolecular bases of the senescence process and cancer. A new approach to oncological treatment linked to ageing. Ageing Res Rev 2015; 23:125-38. [PMID: 25847820 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Human ageing is associated with a gradual decline in the physiological functions of the body at multiple levels and it is a key risk factor for many diseases, including cancer. Ageing process is intimately related to widespread cellular senescence, characterised by an irreversible loss of proliferative capacity and altered functioning associated with telomere attrition, accumulation of DNA damage and compromised mitochondrial and metabolic function. Tumour and senescent cells may be generated in response to the same stimuli, where either cellular senescence or transformation would constitute two opposite outcomes of the same degenerative process. This paper aims to review the state of knowledge on the biomolecular relationship between cellular senescence, ageing and cancer. Importantly, many of the cell signalling pathways that are found to be altered during both cellular senescence and tumourigenesis are regulated through shared epigenetic mechanisms and, therefore, they are potentially reversible. MicroRNAs are emerging as pivotal players linking ageing and cancer. These small RNA molecules have generated great interest from the point of view of future clinical therapy for cancer because successful experimental results have been obtained in animal models. Micro-RNA therapies for cancer are already being tested in clinical phase trials. These findings have potential importance in cancer treatment in aged people although further research-based knowledge is needed to convert them into an effective molecular therapies for cancer linked to ageing.
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