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Han Y, Jing Y, Li X, Zhou H, Deng F. Clinical characteristics of post-stroke basal ganglia aphasia and the study of language-related white matter tracts based on diffusion spectrum imaging. Neuroimage 2024; 295:120664. [PMID: 38825217 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke often damages the basal ganglia, leading to atypical and transient aphasia, indicating that post-stroke basal ganglia aphasia (PSBGA) may be related to different anatomical structural damage and functional remodeling rehabilitation mechanisms. The basal ganglia contain dense white matter tracts (WMTs). Hence, damage to the functional tract may be an essential anatomical structural basis for the development of PSBGA. METHODS We first analyzed the clinical characteristics of PSBGA in 28 patients and 15 healthy controls (HCs) using the Western Aphasia Battery and neuropsychological test batteries. Moreover, we investigated white matter injury during the acute stage using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging scans for differential tractography. Finally, we used multiple regression models in correlation tractography to analyze the relationship between various language functions and quantitative anisotropy (QA) of WMTs. RESULTS Compared with HCs, patients with PSBGA showed lower scores for fluency, comprehension (auditory word recognition and sequential commands), naming (object naming and word fluency), reading comprehension of sentences, Mini-Mental State Examination, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment, along with increased scores in Hamilton Anxiety Scale-17 and Hamilton Depression Scale-17 within 7 days after stroke onset (P < 0.05). Differential tractography revealed that patients with PSBGA had damaged fibers, including in the body fibers of the corpus callosum, left cingulum bundles, left parietal aslant tracts, bilateral superior longitudinal fasciculus II, bilateral thalamic radiation tracts, left fornix, corpus callosum tapetum, and forceps major, compared with HCs (FDR < 0.02). Correlation tractography highlighted that better comprehension was correlated with a higher QA of the left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF), corpus callosum forceps minor, and left extreme capsule (FDR < 0.0083). Naming was positively associated with the QA of the left IFOF, forceps minor, left arcuate fasciculus, and uncinate fasciculus (UF) (FDR < 0.0083). Word fluency of naming was also positively associated with the QA of the forceps minor, left IFOF, and thalamic radiation tracts (FDR < 0.0083). Furthermore, reading was positively correlated with the QA of the forceps minor, left IFOF, and UF (FDR < 0.0083). CONCLUSION PSBGA is primarily characterized by significantly impaired word fluency of naming and preserved repetition abilities, as well as emotional and cognitive dysfunction. Damaged limbic pathways, dorsally located tracts in the left hemisphere, and left basal ganglia pathways are involved in PSBGA pathogenesis. The results of connectometry analysis further refine the current functional localization model of higher-order neural networks associated with language functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Han
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Jing
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Xuewei Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, PR China.
| | - Fang Deng
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, PR China.
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2
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Witt ST, Brown A, Gravelsins L, Engström M, Classon E, Lykke N, Åvall-Lundqvist E, Theodorsson E, Ernerudh J, Kjölhede P, Einstein G. Gray matter volume in women with the BRCA mutation with and without ovarian removal: evidence for increased risk of late-life Alzheimer's disease or dementia. Menopause 2024; 31:608-616. [PMID: 38688467 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000002361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ovarian removal prior to spontaneous/natural menopause (SM) is associated with increased risk of late life dementias including Alzheimer's disease. This increased risk may be related to the sudden and early loss of endogenous estradiol. Women with breast cancer gene mutations (BRCAm) are counseled to undergo oophorectomy prior to SM to significantly reduce their risk of developing breast, ovarian, and cervical cancers. There is limited evidence of the neurological effects of ovarian removal prior to the age of SM showing women without the BRCAm had cortical thinning in medial temporal lobe structures. A second study in women with BRCAm and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO) noted changes in cognition. METHODS The present, cross-sectional study examined whole-brain differences in gray matter (GM) volume using high-resolution, quantitative magnetic resonance imaging in women with BRCAm and intact ovaries (BRCA-preBSO [study cohort with BRCA mutation prior to oophorectomy]; n = 9) and after surgery with (BSO + estradiol-based therapy [ERT]; n = 10) and without (BSO; n = 10) postsurgical estradiol hormone therapy compared with age-matched women (age-matched controls; n = 10) with their ovaries. RESULTS The BRCA-preBSO and BSO groups showed significantly lower GM volume in the left medial temporal and frontal lobe structures. BSO + ERT exhibited few areas of lower GM volume compared with age-matched controls. Novel to this study, we also observed that all three BRCAm groups exhibited significantly higher GM volume compared with age-matched controls, suggesting continued plasticity. CONCLUSIONS The present study provides evidence, through lower GM volume, to support both the possibility that the BRCAm, alone, and early life BSO may play a role in increasing the risk for late-life dementia. At least for BRCAm with BSO, postsurgical ERT seems to ameliorate GM losses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alana Brown
- Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Elisabet Classon
- Department of Acute Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Community Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Nina Lykke
- Thematic Studies, Linköping University, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth Åvall-Lundqvist
- Department of Oncology in Linköping and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Elvar Theodorsson
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Jan Ernerudh
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Sweden
| | - Preben Kjölhede
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Buckley M, McGregor A, Ihssen N, Austen J, Thurlbeck S, Smith SP, Heinecke A, Lew AR. The well-worn route revisited: Striatal and hippocampal system contributions to familiar route navigation. Hippocampus 2024; 34:310-326. [PMID: 38721743 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Classic research has shown a division in the neuroanatomical structures that support flexible (e.g., short-cutting) and habitual (e.g., familiar route following) navigational behavior, with hippocampal-caudate systems associated with the former and putamen systems with the latter. There is, however, disagreement about whether the neural structures involved in navigation process particular forms of spatial information, such as associations between constellations of cues forming a cognitive map, versus single landmark-action associations, or alternatively, perform particular reinforcement learning algorithms that allow the use of different spatial strategies, so-called model-based (flexible) or model-free (habitual) forms of learning. We sought to test these theories by asking participants (N = 24) to navigate within a virtual environment through a previously learned, 9-junction route with distinctive landmarks at each junction while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). In a series of probe trials, we distinguished knowledge of individual landmark-action associations along the route versus knowledge of the correct sequence of landmark-action associations, either by having absent landmarks, or "out-of-sequence" landmarks. Under a map-based perspective, sequence knowledge would not require hippocampal systems, because there are no constellations of cues available for cognitive map formation. Within a learning-based model, however, responding based on knowledge of sequence would require hippocampal systems because prior context has to be utilized. We found that hippocampal-caudate systems were more active in probes requiring sequence knowledge, supporting the learning-based model. However, we also found greater putamen activation in probes where navigation based purely on sequence memory could be planned, supporting models of putamen function that emphasize its role in action sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Niklas Ihssen
- Department of Psychology, Durham University, Durham, UK
| | - Joseph Austen
- Department of Psychology, Durham University, Durham, UK
| | | | - Shamus P Smith
- School of Information and Physical Sciences, University of Newcastle Australia, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Adina R Lew
- Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
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4
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Elmers J, Yu S, Talebi N, Prochnow A, Beste C. Neurophysiological effective network connectivity supports a threshold-dependent management of dynamic working memory gating. iScience 2024; 27:109521. [PMID: 38591012 PMCID: PMC11000016 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
To facilitate goal-directed actions, effective management of working memory (WM) is crucial, involving a hypothesized WM "gating mechanism." We investigate the underlying neural basis through behavioral modeling and connectivity assessments between neuroanatomical regions linked to theta, alpha, and beta frequency bands. We found opposing, threshold-dependent mechanisms governing WM gate opening and closing. Directed beta band connectivity in the parieto-frontal and parahippocampal-occipital networks was crucial for threshold-dependent WM gating dynamics. Fronto-parahippocampal connectivity in the theta band was also notable for both gating processes, although weaker than that in the beta band. Distinct roles for theta, beta, and alpha bands emerge in maintaining information in WM and shielding against interference, whereby alpha band activity likely acts as a "gatekeeper" supporting processes reflected by beta and theta band activity. The study shows that the decision criterion for WM gate opening/closing relies on concerted interplay within neuroanatomical networks defined by beta and theta band activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Elmers
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Shijing Yu
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nasibeh Talebi
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Astrid Prochnow
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Beste
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Duque L, Ghafouri M, Nunez NA, Ospina JP, Philbrick KL, Port JD, Savica R, Prokop LJ, Rummans TA, Singh B. Functional neuroimaging in patients with catatonia: A systematic review. J Psychosom Res 2024; 179:111640. [PMID: 38484496 PMCID: PMC11006573 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2024.111640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Catatonia is a challenging and heterogeneous neuropsychiatric syndrome of motor, affective and behavioral dysregulation which has been associated with multiple disorders such as structural brain lesions, systemic diseases, and psychiatric disorders. This systematic review summarized and compared functional neuroimaging abnormalities in catatonia associated with psychiatric and medical conditions. METHODS Using PRISMA methods, we completed a systematic review of 6 databases from inception to February 7th, 2024 of patients with catatonia that had functional neuroimaging performed. RESULTS A total of 309 studies were identified through the systematic search and 62 met the criteria for full-text review. A total of 15 studies reported patients with catatonia associated with a psychiatric disorder (n = 241) and one study reported catatonia associated with another medical condition, involving patients with N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antibody encephalitis (n = 23). Findings varied across disorders, with hyperactivity observed in areas like the prefrontal cortex (PFC), the supplementary motor area (SMA) and the ventral pre-motor cortex in acute catatonia associated to a psychiatric disorder, hypoactivity in PFC, the parietal cortex, and the SMA in catatonia associated to a medical condition, and mixed metabolic activity in the study on catatonia linked to a medical condition. CONCLUSION Findings support the theory of dysfunction in cortico-striatal-thalamic, cortico-cerebellar, anterior cingulate-medial orbitofrontal, and lateral orbitofrontal networks in catatonia. However, the majority of the literature focuses on schizophrenia spectrum disorders, leaving the pathophysiologic characteristics of catatonia in other disorders less understood. This review highlights the need for further research to elucidate the pathophysiology of catatonia across various disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Duque
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Mohammad Ghafouri
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Nicolas A Nunez
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Juan Pablo Ospina
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - John D Port
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Rodolfo Savica
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Teresa A Rummans
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Balwinder Singh
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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6
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Maurer S, Butenschoen VM, Kelm A, Schramm S, Schröder A, Meyer B, Krieg SM. Permanent deterioration of fine motor skills after the resection of tumors in the supplementary motor area. Neurosurg Rev 2024; 47:114. [PMID: 38480549 PMCID: PMC10937754 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-024-02330-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Supplementary motor area syndrome (SMAS) represents a common neurosurgical sequela. The incidence and time frame of its occurrence have yet to be characterized after surgery for brain tumors. We examined patients suffering from a brain tumor preoperatively, postoperatively, and during follow-up examinations after three months, including fine motor skills testing and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). 13 patients suffering from a tumor in the dorsal part of the superior frontal gyrus underwent preoperative, early postoperative, and 3-month follow-up testing of fine motor skills using the Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test (JHFT) and the Nine-Hole Peg Test (NHPT) consisting of 8 subtests for both upper extremities. They completed TMS for cortical motor function mapping. Test completion times (TCTs) were recorded and compared. No patient suffered from neurological deficits before surgery. On postoperative day one, we detected motor deficits in two patients, which remained clinically stable at a 3-month follow-up. Except for page-turning, every subtest indicated a significant worsening of function, reflected by longer TCTs (p < 0.05) in the postoperative examinations for the contralateral upper extremity (contralateral to the tumor manifestation). At 3-month follow-up examinations for the contralateral upper extremity, each subtest indicated significant worsening compared to the preoperative status despite improvement to the immediate postoperative level. We also detected significantly longer TCTs (p < 0.05) postoperatively in the ipsilateral upper extremity. This study suggests a long-term worsening of fine motor skills even three months after SMA tumor resection, indicating the necessity of targeted physical therapy for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Maurer
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Vicki M Butenschoen
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Kelm
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Severin Schramm
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Axel Schröder
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Bernhard Meyer
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Sandro M Krieg
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
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7
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Song Y, Hupfeld KE, Davies-Jenkins CW, Zöllner HJ, Murali-Manohar S, Mumuni AN, Crocetti D, Yedavalli V, Oeltzschner G, Alessi N, Batschelett MA, Puts NA, Mostofsky SH, Edden RA. Brain glutathione and GABA+ levels in autistic children. Autism Res 2024; 17:512-528. [PMID: 38279628 PMCID: PMC10963146 DOI: 10.1002/aur.3097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by social communication challenges and repetitive behaviors. Altered neurometabolite levels, including glutathione (GSH) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), have been proposed as potential contributors to the biology underlying ASD. This study investigated whether cerebral GSH or GABA levels differ between a cohort of children aged 8-12 years with ASD (n = 52) and typically developing children (TDC, n = 49). A comprehensive analysis of GSH and GABA levels in multiple brain regions, including the primary motor cortex (SM1), thalamus (Thal), medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and supplementary motor area (SMA), was conducted using single-voxel HERMES MR spectroscopy at 3T. The results revealed no significant differences in cerebral GSH or GABA levels between the ASD and TDC groups across all examined regions. These findings suggest that the concentrations of GSH (an important antioxidant and neuromodulator) and GABA (a major inhibitory neurotransmitter) do not exhibit marked alterations in children with ASD compared to TDC. A statistically significant positive correlation was observed between GABA levels in the SM1 and Thal regions with ADHD inattention scores. No significant correlation was found between metabolite levels and hyper/impulsive scores of ADHD, measures of core ASD symptoms (ADOS-2, SRS-P) or adaptive behavior (ABAS-2). While both GSH and GABA have been implicated in various neurological disorders, the current study provides valuable insights into the specific context of ASD and highlights the need for further research to explore other neurochemical alterations that may contribute to the pathophysiology of this complex disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulu Song
- The Russel H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Kathleen E. Hupfeld
- The Russel H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Christopher W. Davies-Jenkins
- The Russel H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Helge J. Zöllner
- The Russel H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Saipavitra Murali-Manohar
- The Russel H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | | | - Deana Crocetti
- Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Vivek Yedavalli
- The Russel H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Georg Oeltzschner
- The Russel H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Natalie Alessi
- Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Mitchell A. Batschelett
- Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Nicolaas A.J. Puts
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- MRC Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stewart H. Mostofsky
- Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Richard A.E. Edden
- The Russel H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
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8
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Chen H, Zhan L, Li Q, Meng C, Quan X, Chen X, Hao Z, Li J, Gao Y, Li H, Jia X, Li M, Liang Z. Frequency specific alterations of the degree centrality in patients with acute basal ganglia ischemic stroke: a resting-state fMRI study. Brain Imaging Behav 2024; 18:19-33. [PMID: 37821673 PMCID: PMC10844151 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-023-00806-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
This study intended to investigate the frequency specific brain oscillation activity in patients with acute basal ganglia ischemic stroke (BGIS) by using the degree centrality (DC) method. A total of 34 acute BGIS patients and 44 healthy controls (HCs) underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) scanning. The DC values in three frequency bands (conventional band: 0.01-0.08 Hz, slow‑4 band: 0.027-0.073 Hz, slow‑5 band: 0.01-0.027 Hz) were calculated. A two-sample t-test was used to explore the between-group differences in the conventional frequency band. A two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the DC differences between groups (BGIS patients, HCs) and bands (slow‑4, slow‑5). Moreover, correlations between DC values and clinical indicators were performed. In conventional band, the DC value in the right middle temporal gyrus was decreased in BGIS patients compared with HCs. Significant differences of DC were observed between the two bands mainly in the bilateral cortical brain regions. Compared with the HCs, the BGIS patients showed increased DC in the right superior temporal gyrus and the left precuneus, but decreased mainly in the right inferior temporal gyrus, right inferior occipital gyrus, right precentral, and right supplementary motor area. Furthermore, the decreased DC in the right rolandic operculum in slow-4 band and the right superior temporal gyrus in slow-5 band were found by post hoc two-sample t-test of main effect of group. There was no significant correlation between DC values and clinical scales after Bonferroni correction. Our findings showed that the DC changes in BGIS patients were frequency specific. Functional abnormalities in local brain regions may help us to understand the underlying pathogenesis mechanism of brain functional reorganization of BGIS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Linlin Zhan
- Faculty of Western Languages, Heilongjiang University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Chaoguo Meng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xuemei Quan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Department of Neurology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaoling Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zeqi Hao
- School of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Education Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Education Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Yanyan Gao
- School of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Education Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Huayun Li
- School of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Education Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Xize Jia
- School of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Education Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Mengting Li
- School of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China.
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Education Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China.
| | - Zhijian Liang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
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9
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Colverson A, Barsoum S, Cohen R, Williamson J. Rhythmic musical activities may strengthen connectivity between brain networks associated with aging-related deficits in timing and executive functions. Exp Gerontol 2024; 186:112354. [PMID: 38176601 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Brain aging and common conditions of aging (e.g., hypertension) affect networks important in organizing information, processing speed and action programming (i.e., executive functions). Declines in these networks may affect timing and could have an impact on the ability to perceive and perform musical rhythms. There is evidence that participation in rhythmic musical activities may help to maintain and even improve executive functioning (near transfer), perhaps due to similarities in brain regions underlying timing, musical rhythm perception and production, and executive functioning. Rhythmic musical activities may present as a novel and fun activity for older adults to stimulate interacting brain regions that deteriorate with aging. However, relatively little is known about neurobehavioral interactions between aging, timing, rhythm perception and production, and executive functioning. In this review, we account for these brain-behavior interactions to suggest that deeper knowledge of overlapping brain regions associated with timing, rhythm, and cognition may assist in designing more targeted preventive and rehabilitative interventions to reduce age-related cognitive decline and improve quality of life in populations with neurodegenerative disease. Further research is needed to elucidate the functional relationships between brain regions associated with aging, timing, rhythm perception and production, and executive functioning to direct design of targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Colverson
- Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, 1651 4th street, San Francisco, CA, United States of America.
| | - Stephanie Barsoum
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, College of Medicine, University of Florida, PO Box 100277, Gainesville, FL 32610-0277, United States of America
| | - Ronald Cohen
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, College of Medicine, University of Florida, PO Box 100277, Gainesville, FL 32610-0277, United States of America
| | - John Williamson
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, College of Medicine, University of Florida, PO Box 100277, Gainesville, FL 32610-0277, United States of America
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10
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Okumuş HG, Akdemir D, Temeltürk RD, Öksüzoğlu ME. Impulsivity in adolescent girls diagnosed with trichotillomania: an evaluation of clinical and neuropsychological characteristics. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:617-627. [PMID: 38194080 PMCID: PMC10869386 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02354-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to compare the clinical and neuropsychological features of impulsivity in adolescent girls with trichotillomania (TTM) and healthy controls, and to assess the relationships between the severity of TTM and the impulsivity/concomitant symptoms of anxiety and depression. The study sample consisted of 43 adolescent girls who were 12 to 18 years old. The Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version DSM-5 (K-SADS-PL) was administered to the adolescents and their parents. All of the participants completed a sociodemographic data form, the Revised Children's Anxiety and Depression Scale-Child Version (RCADS-CV), the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-Brief (BIS-Brief), and the Massachusetts General Hospital Hairpulling Scale (MGH-HPS). The Eriksen Flanker task, the Stop Signal Reaction Time (SSRT) task, the Go/No-Go task, and the Balloon Analog Risk Task (BART) were used to assess behavioral impulsivity. The adolescents with TTM reported higher levels of impulsivity and anxiety/depression symptoms than the healthy controls, and they also performed worse on the behavioral tasks. While there were no relationships between clinical and behavioral impulsivity and TTM severity, social anxiety symptoms were the most important predictor of the severity of TTM. It seems important to better understand the role of impulsivity in the onset and persistence of TTM symptoms in adolescents.
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11
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Murray GM, Sessle BJ. Pain-sensorimotor interactions: New perspectives and a new model. NEUROBIOLOGY OF PAIN (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2024; 15:100150. [PMID: 38327725 PMCID: PMC10847382 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2024.100150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
How pain and sensorimotor behavior interact has been the subject of research and debate for many decades. This article reviews theories bearing on pain-sensorimotor interactions and considers their strengths and limitations in the light of findings from experimental and clinical studies of pain-sensorimotor interactions in the spinal and craniofacial sensorimotor systems. A strength of recent theories is that they have incorporated concepts and features missing from earlier theories to account for the role of the sensory-discriminative, motivational-affective, and cognitive-evaluative dimensions of pain in pain-sensorimotor interactions. Findings acquired since the formulation of these recent theories indicate that additional features need to be considered to provide a more comprehensive conceptualization of pain-sensorimotor interactions. These features include biopsychosocial influences that range from biological factors such as genetics and epigenetics to psychological factors and social factors encompassing environmental and cultural influences. Also needing consideration is a mechanistic framework that includes other biological factors reflecting nociceptive processes and glioplastic and neuroplastic changes in sensorimotor and related brain and spinal cord circuits in acute or chronic pain conditions. The literature reviewed and the limitations of previous theories bearing on pain-sensorimotor interactions have led us to provide new perspectives on these interactions, and this has prompted our development of a new concept, the Theory of Pain-Sensorimotor Interactions (TOPSMI) that we suggest gives a more comprehensive framework to consider the interactions and their complexity. This theory states that pain is associated with plastic changes in the central nervous system (CNS) that lead to an activation pattern of motor units that contributes to the individual's adaptive sensorimotor behavior. This activation pattern takes account of the biological, psychological, and social influences on the musculoskeletal tissues involved in sensorimotor behavior and on the plastic changes and the experience of pain in that individual. The pattern is normally optimized in terms of biomechanical advantage and metabolic cost related to the features of the individual's musculoskeletal tissues and aims to minimize pain and any associated sensorimotor changes, and thereby maintain homeostasis. However, adverse biopsychosocial factors and their interactions may result in plastic CNS changes leading to less optimal, even maladaptive, sensorimotor changes producing motor unit activation patterns associated with the development of further pain. This more comprehensive theory points towards customized treatment strategies, in line with the management approaches to pain proposed in the biopsychosocial model of pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg M. Murray
- Discipline of Restorative and Reconstructive Dentistry, Sydney School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Darcy Road, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Barry J. Sessle
- Faculty of Dentistry and Temerty Faculty of Medicine Department of Physiology, and Centre for the Study of Pain, University of Toronto, 124 Edward St, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada
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12
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Xu G, Chen X, Zhang Y. Quantitative susceptibility mapping shows lower brain iron content in children with childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes. Jpn J Radiol 2023; 41:1344-1350. [PMID: 37418180 DOI: 10.1007/s11604-023-01464-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The dysregulation of brain iron homeostasis is closely relevant to a multitude of chronic neurological disorders. This study employed quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) to detect and compare whole-brain iron content between childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (CECTS) children and typically developing children. MATERIALS AND METHODS 32 children with CECTS and 25 age- and gender-matched healthy children were enrolled. All participants were imaged with 3.0-T MRI to acquire the structural and susceptibility-weighted data. The susceptibility-weighted data were processed using STISuite toolbox to obtain QSM. The magnetic susceptibility difference between the two groups was compared using voxel-wise and region of interest methods. Multivariable linear regression, controlling for age, were employed to investigate the associations between the brain magnetic susceptibility and age at onset. RESULTS Lower magnetic susceptibility was mainly observed in sensory- and motor-related brain regions in children with CECTS, including bilateral middle frontal gyrus, supplementary motor area, midcingulate cortex, paracentral lobule and precentral gyrus, the magnetic susceptibility of right paracentral lobule, right precuneus and left supplementary motor area were found to have positive correlation with the age at onset. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that the potential iron deficiency in certain brain regions is associated with CECTS, which might be helpful for further illumination of potential pathogenesis mechanism of CECTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoqiang Xu
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Huichuan District, Zunyi, 563003, Guizhou, China.
| | - Xiaoxi Chen
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Huichuan District, Zunyi, 563003, Guizhou, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- The Public Experimental Center of Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Huichuan District, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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13
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Jünemann K, Engels A, Marie D, Worschech F, Scholz DS, Grouiller F, Kliegel M, Van De Ville D, Altenmüller E, Krüger THC, James CE, Sinke C. Increased functional connectivity in the right dorsal auditory stream after a full year of piano training in healthy older adults. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19993. [PMID: 37968500 PMCID: PMC10652022 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46513-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Learning to play an instrument at an advanced age may help to counteract or slow down age-related cognitive decline. However, studies investigating the neural underpinnings of these effects are still scarce. One way to investigate the effects of brain plasticity is using resting-state functional connectivity (FC). The current study compared the effects of learning to play the piano (PP) against participating in music listening/musical culture (MC) lessons on FC in 109 healthy older adults. Participants underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging at three time points: at baseline, and after 6 and 12 months of interventions. Analyses revealed piano training-specific FC changes after 12 months of training. These include FC increase between right Heschl's gyrus (HG), and other right dorsal auditory stream regions. In addition, PP showed an increased anticorrelation between right HG and dorsal posterior cingulate cortex and FC increase between the right motor hand area and a bilateral network of predominantly motor-related brain regions, which positively correlated with fine motor dexterity improvements. We suggest to interpret those results as increased network efficiency for auditory-motor integration. The fact that functional neuroplasticity can be induced by piano training in healthy older adults opens new pathways to countervail age related decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Jünemann
- Division of Clinical Psychology & Sexual Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anna Engels
- Division of Clinical Psychology & Sexual Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Damien Marie
- Geneva Musical Minds Lab, Geneva School of Health Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Geneva, Switzerland
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, MRI UNIGE, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Florian Worschech
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Music Physiology and Musicians' Medicine, Hannover University of Music, Drama and Media, Hannover, Germany
| | - Daniel S Scholz
- Institute of Medical Psychology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Musicians' Health, University of Music Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Frédéric Grouiller
- CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, MRI UNIGE, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Kliegel
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Dimitri Van De Ville
- Neuro-X Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Eckart Altenmüller
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Music Physiology and Musicians' Medicine, Hannover University of Music, Drama and Media, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tillmann H C Krüger
- Division of Clinical Psychology & Sexual Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
| | - Clara E James
- Geneva Musical Minds Lab, Geneva School of Health Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Geneva, Switzerland
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christopher Sinke
- Division of Clinical Psychology & Sexual Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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14
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Vuong V, Hewan P, Perron M, Thaut MH, Alain C. The neural bases of familiar music listening in healthy individuals: An activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 154:105423. [PMID: 37839672 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that the neural activations during music listening differs as a function of familiarity with the excerpts. However, the implicated brain areas are unclear. After an extensive literature search, we conducted an Activation Likelihood Estimation analysis on 23 neuroimaging studies (232 foci, 364 participants) to identify consistently activated brain regions when healthy adults listen to familiar music, compared to unfamiliar music or an equivalent condition. The results revealed a left cortical-subcortical co-activation pattern comprising three significant clusters localized to the supplementary motor areas (BA 6), inferior frontal gyrus (IFG, BA 44), and the claustrum/insula. Our results are discussed in a predictive coding framework, whereby temporal expectancies and familiarity may drive motor activations, despite any overt movement. Though conventionally associated with syntactic violation, our observed activation in the IFG may support a recent proposal of its involvement in a network that subserves both violation and prediction. Finally, the claustrum/insula plays an integral role in auditory processing, functioning as a hub that integrates sensory and limbic information to (sub)cortical structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Vuong
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, ON M6A 2E1, Canada; Music and Health Research Collaboratory, Faculty of Music, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2C5, Canada.
| | - Patrick Hewan
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Maxime Perron
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, ON M6A 2E1, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada
| | - Michael H Thaut
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Music and Health Research Collaboratory, Faculty of Music, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2C5, Canada; Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Claude Alain
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, ON M6A 2E1, Canada; Music and Health Research Collaboratory, Faculty of Music, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2C5, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada
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15
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Al Roumi F, Planton S, Wang L, Dehaene S. Brain-imaging evidence for compression of binary sound sequences in human memory. eLife 2023; 12:e84376. [PMID: 37910588 PMCID: PMC10619979 DOI: 10.7554/elife.84376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
According to the language-of-thought hypothesis, regular sequences are compressed in human memory using recursive loops akin to a mental program that predicts future items. We tested this theory by probing memory for 16-item sequences made of two sounds. We recorded brain activity with functional MRI and magneto-encephalography (MEG) while participants listened to a hierarchy of sequences of variable complexity, whose minimal description required transition probabilities, chunking, or nested structures. Occasional deviant sounds probed the participants' knowledge of the sequence. We predicted that task difficulty and brain activity would be proportional to the complexity derived from the minimal description length in our formal language. Furthermore, activity should increase with complexity for learned sequences, and decrease with complexity for deviants. These predictions were upheld in both fMRI and MEG, indicating that sequence predictions are highly dependent on sequence structure and become weaker and delayed as complexity increases. The proposed language recruited bilateral superior temporal, precentral, anterior intraparietal, and cerebellar cortices. These regions overlapped extensively with a localizer for mathematical calculation, and much less with spoken or written language processing. We propose that these areas collectively encode regular sequences as repetitions with variations and their recursive composition into nested structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fosca Al Roumi
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, CEA, CNRS, NeuroSpin centerGif/YvetteFrance
| | - Samuel Planton
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, CEA, CNRS, NeuroSpin centerGif/YvetteFrance
| | - Liping Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Stanislas Dehaene
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, CEA, CNRS, NeuroSpin centerGif/YvetteFrance
- Collège de France, Université Paris Sciences Lettres (PSL)ParisFrance
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16
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Song C, Shen Q, Tan C, Li J, Zhou F, Wang T, Zhang L, Wang M, Liu Y, Yuan J, Cai S, Liao H. Distinct changes in global brain synchronization in different motor subtypes of Parkinson's disease. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1170225. [PMID: 37920294 PMCID: PMC10618346 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1170225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated alterations in degree centrality (DC) in different motor subtypes of Parkinson's disease (PD) and analyzed its clinical significance during disease occurrence. A total of 146 subjects were recruited in the study, including 90 patients with PD [51 and 39 with tremor dominant (TD) and akinetic-rigid dominant (ARD) disease, respectively] and 56 healthy controls (HCs). The resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data of all the subjects were obtained by 3.0 T magnetic resonance scans. The DC values, an indicator of whole brain synchronization, were calculated and compared among the TD, ARD, and HC groups. Disparities in DC values among the three groups were evaluated by analysis of variance and post hoc two-sample t-tests. Correlation between brain regions with DC differences and clinical variables were performed using partial correlation analysis after controlling for age, gender, and disease duration. Compared to the HCs, both TD and ARD groups demonstrated increased DC values bilaterally in the cerebellum; DC values were decreased in the left putamen and paracentral lobule in the TD group and in the left anterior cingulate gyrus and right supplementary motor area in the ARD group. Compared to the ARD group, the TD group showed decreased DC values in bilateral cerebellar hemispheres and increased DC values in the left anterior cingulate gyrus and right supplementary motor area. The DC of the whole brain showed inconsistencies and shared neural bases among patients with the two subtypes of PD. The differences between brain regions with abnormal DC values may be closely related to different clinical presentations of the two motor subtypes. Our findings provide new insights into the clinical heterogeneity of PD with respect to different motor subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chendie Song
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qin Shen
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Changlian Tan
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Junli Li
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fan Zhou
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tianyu Wang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yujing Liu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiaying Yuan
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sainan Cai
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haiyan Liao
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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17
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Cona G, Santacesaria P, Scarpazza C. Envisioning the future: An ALE meta-analysis on neural correlates of future thinking, prospective memory and delay discounting. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 153:105355. [PMID: 37562654 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Our representations of the future are processed in the service of several different cognitive functions, including episodic future thinking, prospective memory, and temporal discounting. The present meta-analysis used the Activation Likelihood Estimation method to understand whether there is a core network underlying future-oriented cognition and to identify the specific brain regions that support future-related processes in each function. Following the PRISMA guidelines, a total of 24, 19, and 27 neuroimaging studies were included for future thinking, prospective memory, and temporal discounting, respectively. Results showed that there is no specific region or network for the future. Instead, the 'future' seems to be represented on an anterior-posterior tangibility gradient, based on the level of abstractness/concreteness of the simulated scenario. Additionally, future-oriented cognition is mediated by two distinct networks: the Default Network and the Salience Network. The Default Network is mainly active in supporting future thinking, whereas the Salience Network is primarily involved in prospective memory and delay discounting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Cona
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Via Venezia 8, 35131 Padua, Italy; Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padua, Italy.
| | - Paola Santacesaria
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Via Venezia 8, 35131 Padua, Italy; Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Cristina Scarpazza
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Via Venezia 8, 35131 Padua, Italy; IRCSS San Camillo Hospital, Venice, Italy
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18
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Song Y, Hupfeld KE, Davies-Jenkins CW, Zöllner HJ, Murali-Manohar S, Mumuni AN, Crocetti D, Yedavalli V, Oeltzschner G, Alessi N, Batschelett MA, Puts NAJ, Mostofsky SH, Edden RAE. Brain Glutathione and GABA+ levels in autistic children. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.28.559718. [PMID: 37808813 PMCID: PMC10557661 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.28.559718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by social communication challenges and repetitive behaviors. Altered neurometabolite levels, including glutathione (GSH) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), have been proposed as potential contributors to the biology underlying ASD. This study investigated whether cerebral GSH or GABA levels differ between a large cohort of children aged 8-12 years with ASD (n=52) and typically developing children (TDC, n=49). A comprehensive analysis of GSH and GABA levels in multiple brain regions, including the primary motor cortex (SM1), thalamus (Thal), medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and supplementary motor area (SMA), was conducted using single-voxel HERMES MR spectroscopy at 3T. The results revealed no significant differences in cerebral GSH or GABA levels between the ASD and TDC groups across all examined regions. These findings suggest that the concentrations of GSH (an important antioxidant and neuromodulator) and GABA (a major inhibitory neurotransmitter) do not exhibit marked alterations in children with ASD compared to TDC. A statistically significant positive correlation was observed between GABA levels in the SM1 and Thal regions with ADHD inattention scores. No significant correlation was found between metabolite levels and hyper/impulsive scores of ADHD, measures of core ASD symptoms (ADOS-2, SRS-P) or adaptive behavior (ABAS-2). While both GSH and GABA have been implicated in various neurological disorders, the current study provides valuable insights into the specific context of ASD and highlights the need for further research to explore other neurochemical alterations that may contribute to the pathophysiology of this complex disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulu Song
- The Russel H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Kathleen E Hupfeld
- The Russel H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Christopher W Davies-Jenkins
- The Russel H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Helge J Zöllner
- The Russel H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Saipavitra Murali-Manohar
- The Russel H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | | | - Deana Crocetti
- Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Vivek Yedavalli
- The Russel H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Georg Oeltzschner
- The Russel H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Natalie Alessi
- Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Mitchell A Batschelett
- Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Nicolaas A J Puts
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- MRC Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stewart H Mostofsky
- Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Richard A E Edden
- The Russel H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
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19
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Kim JS, Lee SA. Hippocampal orchestration of associative and sequential memory networks for episodic retrieval. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112989. [PMID: 37581985 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Episodic memory involves the recollection of contextual details replayed mentally across time. Here, we propose the association-sequence network (ASN) model, characterizing complementary cortico-hippocampal networks underlying the retrieval of simultaneously associated and sequentially ordered events. Participants viewed objects, presented singly or in pairs, and later reported whether two objects were shown simultaneously, consecutively, or farther apart in time. Behavioral results and hippocampal activation reveal a correlation between the two sequential conditions but not the simultaneous condition, despite the temporal proximity of consecutive pairs. We also find that anterior hippocampal activity is modulated by temporal distance. Distinct cortical networks are engaged during simultaneous and sequential memory (prefrontal cortex and angular gyrus for association; supplementary motor cortex and precuneus for sequence); notably, these regions show differential connectivity with the hippocampus. The ASN model provides a comprehensive framework for how we reconstruct memories that are both rich in associative detail and temporally dynamic in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Sun Kim
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sang Ah Lee
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
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20
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Cona G, Wiener M, Allegrini F, Scarpazza C. Gradient Organization of Space, Time, and Numbers in the Brain: A Meta-analysis of Neuroimaging Studies. Neuropsychol Rev 2023:10.1007/s11065-023-09609-z. [PMID: 37594695 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-023-09609-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we ran a meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies to pinpoint the neural regions that are commonly activated across space, time, and numerosity, and we tested the existence of gradient transitions among these magnitude representations in the brain. Following PRISMA guidelines, we included in the meta-analysis 112 experiments (for space domain), 114 experiments (time domain), and 115 experiments (numerosity domain), and we used the activation likelihood estimation method. We found a system of brain regions that was commonly recruited in all the three magnitudes, which included bilateral insula, the supplementary motor area (SMA), the right inferior frontal gyrus, and bilateral intraparietal sulci. Gradiental transitions between different magnitudes were found along all these regions but insulae, with space and numbers leading to gradients mainly over parietal regions (and SMA) whereas time and numbers mainly over frontal regions. These findings provide evidence for the GradiATOM theory (Gradient Theory of Magnitude), suggesting that spatial proximity given by overlapping activations and gradients is a key aspect for efficient interactions and integrations among magnitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Cona
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Via Venezia 8, 35131, Padua, Italy.
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
| | - Martin Wiener
- Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Francesco Allegrini
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Via Venezia 8, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Cristina Scarpazza
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Via Venezia 8, 35131, Padua, Italy
- IRCSS San Camillo Hospital, Venice, Italy
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21
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Canu E, Castelnovo V, Rancoita PMV, Leocadi M, Lamanuzzi A, Spinelli EG, Basaia S, Riva N, Poletti B, Solca F, Verde F, Ticozzi N, Silani V, Abrahams S, Filippi M, Agosta F. Italian reference values and brain correlates of verbal fluency index - vs standard verbal fluency test - to assess executive dysfunction in ALS. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2023; 24:457-465. [PMID: 36654496 PMCID: PMC11166044 DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2023.2167606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), verbal fluency index (Vfi) is used to investigate fluency accounting for motor impairment. This study has three aims: (1) to provide Vfi reference values from a cohort of Italian healthy subjects; (2) to assess the ability of Vfi reference values (vs standard verbal fluency test [VFT]) in distinguishing ALS patients with and without executive dysfunction; and (3) to investigate the association between Vfi and brain structural features of ALS patients. Methods: We included 180 healthy subjects and 157 ALS patients who underwent neuropsychological assessment, including VFT and Vfi, and brain MRI. Healthy subjects were split into four subgroups according to sex and education. For each subgroup, we defined the 95th percentile of Vfi as the cutoff. In ALS, the distributions of "abnormal" cases based on Vfi and standard VFT cutoffs were compared using Fisher's exact test. Using quantile regressions in patients, we assessed the association between Vfi and VFT scores, separately, with gray matter volumes and white matter (WM) tract integrity. Results: Applying Vfi and VFT cutoffs, 9 and 13% of ALS cases, respectively, had abnormal scores (p < 0.001). In ALS, while higher Vfi scores were associated with WM changes of callosal fibers linking supplementary motor area, lower VFT performances related to corticospinal tract alterations. Discussion: We provided Italian reference values for the spoken Vfi. Compared to VFT, Vfis are critical to disentangle motor and cognitive deficits in ALS. In patients, abnormal Vfis were associated with damage to WM tracts specifically involved in ideational information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Canu
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Castelnovo
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola MV Rancoita
- University Centre for Statistics in the Biomedical Sciences (CUSSB), Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Leocadi
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lamanuzzi
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Edoardo Gioele Spinelli
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Basaia
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Nilo Riva
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Poletti
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Solca
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Verde
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, “Dino Ferrari” Center, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Ticozzi
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, “Dino Ferrari” Center, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Silani
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, “Dino Ferrari” Center, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sharon Abrahams
- Human Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Euan MacDonald Centre for MND Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK, and
| | - Massimo Filippi
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Agosta
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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22
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Yan J, Li W, Zhang T, Zhang J, Jin Z, Li L. Structural and functional neural substrates underlying the concreteness effect. Brain Struct Funct 2023; 228:1493-1510. [PMID: 37389616 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-023-02668-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
The concreteness effect refers to the advantage in speed and accuracy of processing concrete words over abstract words. Previous studies have shown that the processing of the two types of words is mediated by distinct neural mechanisms, but these studies were mainly conducted with task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging. This study investigates the associations between the concreteness effect and grey matter volume (GMV) of brain regions as well as resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of these identified regions. The results show that the GMV of left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), right middle temporal gyrus (MTG), right supplementary motor area and right anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) negatively correlates with the concreteness effect. The rsFC of the left IFG, the right MTG and the right ACC with the nodes, mainly in default mode network, frontoparietal network and dorsal attention network positively correlates with the concreteness effect. The GMV and rsFC jointly and respectively predict the concreteness effect in individuals. In conclusion, stronger connectivity amongst functional networks and higher coherent engagement of the right hemisphere predict a greater difference in the verbal memory of abstract and concrete words.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yan
- MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Center for Psychiatry and Psychology, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- School of Foreign Languages, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenjuan Li
- MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Center for Psychiatry and Psychology, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Center for Psychiatry and Psychology, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Junjun Zhang
- MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Center for Psychiatry and Psychology, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhenlan Jin
- MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Center for Psychiatry and Psychology, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling Li
- MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Center for Psychiatry and Psychology, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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23
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Dasgupta J, Furlano JA, Bandler Z, Fittipaldi S, Canty AJ, Yasoda-Mohan A, El-Jaafary SI, Ucheagwu V, McGettrick G, de la Cruz-Góngora V, Nguyen KH, Lawlor B, Nogueira Haas A. Hope for brain health: impacting the life course and society. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1214014. [PMID: 37457094 PMCID: PMC10348811 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1214014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hope is a cognitive process by which an individual can identify their personal goals and develop actionable steps to achieve results. It has the potential to positively impact people's lives by building resilience, and can be meaningfully experienced at both the individual and group level. Despite this significance, there are sizable gaps in our understanding of the neurobiology of hope. In this perspective paper, the authors discuss why further research is needed on hope and its potency to be harnessed in society as a "tool" to promote brain health across healthy and patient populations. Avenues for future research in hope and the brain are proposed. The authors conclude by identifying strategies for the possible applications of hope in brain health promotion within the areas of technology, arts, media, and education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayashree Dasgupta
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Samvedna Care, Gurugram, India
| | - Joyla A. Furlano
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Zach Bandler
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sol Fittipaldi
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alison J. Canty
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Center, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | | | - Shaimaa I. El-Jaafary
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Neurology Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Valentine Ucheagwu
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Psychology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
| | | | - Vanessa de la Cruz-Góngora
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Center for Evaluation and Survey Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Kim-Huong Nguyen
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Center for Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Brian Lawlor
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aline Nogueira Haas
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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24
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Berglund-Barraza A, Carey S, Hart J, Vanneste S, Evans JL. Modulating Phonological Working Memory With Anodal High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation to the Anterior Portion of the Supplementary Motor Area. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2023; 66:2079-2094. [PMID: 37227790 PMCID: PMC10465152 DOI: 10.1044/2023_jslhr-21-00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phonological working memory is key to vocabulary acquisition, spoken word recognition, real-time language processing, and reading. Transcranial direct current stimulation, when coupled with behavioral training, has been shown to facilitate speech motor output processes, a key component of nonword repetition, the primary task used to assess phonological working memory. In this study, we examined the efficacy of combining overt nonword repetition training with anodal high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD tDCS) to the presupplementary motor area (preSMA) to enhance nonword repetition. OBJECTIVE This study investigated whether 20 min of active or sham anodal HD tDCS targeting preSMA concurrently with a nonword repetition task differentially impacted nonword repetition ability. METHOD Twenty-eight neurotypical college-age adults (18-25 years; 19 females, eight males, one nonbinary) completed a 20-min nonword repetition training task where they received either active or sham 1-mA anodal HD tDCS to the preSMA while overtly repeating a list of four-, five-, six-, and seven-syllable English-like nonwords presented in a random order. Whole nonword accuracy and error patterns (phoneme and syllable) were measured prior to and following training. RESULTS Following training, both groups showed a decrease in nonword repetition accuracy. The drop in performance was significantly greater for the active stimulation group compared to the sham stimulation group at the four-syllable nonword length. DISCUSSION The findings suggest that targeting the speech motor component of nonword repetition through overt training and HD tDCS to the preSMA does not enhance phonological working memory ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Berglund-Barraza
- Child Language and Cognitive Processes Laboratory, The University of Texas at Dallas
| | - Sarah Carey
- Child Language and Cognitive Processes Laboratory, The University of Texas at Dallas
| | - John Hart
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory of Memory and Language, The University of Texas at Dallas
| | - Sven Vanneste
- Lab for Clinical & Integrative Neuroscience, Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Julia L. Evans
- Child Language and Cognitive Processes Laboratory, The University of Texas at Dallas
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25
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Hua M, Shi D, Xu W, Zhu L, Hao X, Zhu B, Shu Q, Lozoff B, Geng F, Shao J. Differentiation between fetal and postnatal iron deficiency in altering brain substrates of cognitive control in pre-adolescence. BMC Med 2023; 21:167. [PMID: 37143078 PMCID: PMC10161450 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-02850-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early iron deficiency (ID) is a common risk factor for poorer neurodevelopment, limiting children's potential and contributing to global burden. However, it is unclear how early ID alters the substrate of brain functions supporting high-order cognitive abilities and whether the timing of early ID matters in terms of long-term brain development. This study aimed to examine the effects of ID during fetal or early postnatal periods on brain activities supporting proactive and reactive cognitive control in pre-adolescent children. METHODS Participants were part of a longitudinal cohort enrolled at birth in southeastern China between December 2008 and November 2011. Between July 2019 and October 2021, 115 children aged 8-11 years were invited to participate in this neuroimaging study. Final analyses included 71 children: 20 with fetal ID, 24 with ID at 9 months (postnatal ID), and 27 iron-sufficient at birth and 9 months. Participants performed a computer-based behavioral task in a Magnetic Resonance Imaging scanner to measure proactive and reactive cognitive control. Outcome measures included accuracy, reaction times, and brain activity. Linear mixed modeling and the 3dlme command in Analysis of Functional NeuroImages (AFNI) were separately used to analyze behavioral performance and neuroimaging data. RESULTS Faster responses in proactive vs. reactive conditions indicated that all groups could use proactive or reactive cognitive control according to contextual demands. However, the fetal ID group was lower in general accuracy than the other 2 groups. Per the demands of cues and targets, the iron-sufficient group showed greater activation of wide brain regions in proactive vs. reactive conditions. In contrast, such condition differences were reversed in the postnatal ID group. Condition differences in brain activation, shown in postnatal ID and iron-sufficient groups, were not found in the fetal ID group. This group specifically showed greater activation of brain regions in the reward pathway in proactive vs. reactive conditions. CONCLUSIONS Early ID was associated with altered brain functions supporting proactive and reactive cognitive control in childhood. Alterations differed between fetal and postnatal ID groups. The findings imply that iron supplement alone is insufficient to prevent persisting brain alterations associated with early ID. Intervention strategies in addition to the iron supplement should consider ID timing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Hua
- Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Donglin Shi
- Department of Curriculum and Learning Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenwen Xu
- Department of Curriculum and Learning Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liuyan Zhu
- Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxin Hao
- Department of Curriculum and Learning Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bingquan Zhu
- Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Shu
- Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Betsy Lozoff
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Fengji Geng
- Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Department of Curriculum and Learning Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jie Shao
- Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China.
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26
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Rogenmoser L, Mouthon M, Etter F, Kamber J, Annoni JM, Schwab S. The processing of stress in a foreign language modulates functional antagonism between default mode and attention network regions. Neuropsychologia 2023; 185:108572. [PMID: 37119986 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2023.108572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Lexical stress is an essential element of prosody. Mastering this prosodic feature is challenging, especially in a free-stress foreign language for individuals native to a fixed-stress language, a phenomenon referred to as stress deafness. By using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we elucidated the neuronal underpinnings of stress processing in a free-stress foreign language, and determined the underlying mechanism of stress deafness. Here, we contrasted behavioral and hemodynamic responses revealed by native speakers of a free-stress (German; N = 38) and a fixed-stress (French; N = 47) language while discriminating pairs of words in a free-stress foreign language (Spanish). Consistent with the stress deafness phenomenon, French speakers performed worse than German speakers in discriminating Spanish words based on cues of stress but not of vowel. Whole-brain analyses revealed widespread bilateral networks (cerebral regions including frontal, temporal and parietal areas as well as insular, subcortical and cerebellar structures), overlapping with the ones previously associated with stress processing within native languages. Moreover, our results provide evidence that the structures pertaining to a right-lateralized attention system (i.e., middle frontal gyrus, anterior insula) and the Default Mode Network modulate stress processing as a function of the performance level. In comparison to the German speakers, the French speakers activated the attention system and deactivated the Default Mode Network to a stronger degree, reflecting attentive engagement, likely a compensatory mechanism underlying the "stress-deaf" brain. The mechanism modulating stress processing argues for a rightward lateralization, indeed overlapping with the location covered by the dorsal stream but remaining unspecific to speech.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Rogenmoser
- Department of French, Université de Fribourg, Beauregard 11-13, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Michael Mouthon
- Neurology-Laboratory for Cognitive and Neurological Sciences, University of Fribourg, Chemin Du Musée, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Faustine Etter
- Department of French, Université de Fribourg, Beauregard 11-13, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Julie Kamber
- Department of French, Université de Fribourg, Beauregard 11-13, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Jean-Marie Annoni
- Neurology-Laboratory for Cognitive and Neurological Sciences, University of Fribourg, Chemin Du Musée, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Sandra Schwab
- Department of French, Université de Fribourg, Beauregard 11-13, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland; Institute of French, University of Bern, Längassstrasse 49, 3012, Bern, Switzerland; Computational Linguistics / Phonetics and Speech Sciences, University of Zurich, Andreastrasse 15, 8050, Zurich, Switzerland.
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27
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Zhou H, Su C, Wu J, Li J, Lu X, Gong L, Geng F, Gao Z, Hu Y. A domain-general frontoparietal network interacts with domain-preferential intermediate pathways to support working memory task. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:2774-2787. [PMID: 35671498 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Working memory (WM) is essential for cognition, but the underlying neural mechanisms remain elusive. From a hierarchical processing perspective, this paper proposed and tested a hypothesis that a domain-general network at the top of the WM hierarchy can interact with distinct domain-preferential intermediate circuits to support WM. Employing a novel N-back task, we first identified the posterior superior temporal gyrus (pSTG), middle temporal area (MT), and postcentral gyrus (PoCG) as intermediate regions for biological motion and shape motion processing, respectively. Using further psychophysiological interaction analyses, we delineated a frontal-parietal network (FPN) as the domain-general network. These results were further verified and extended by a delayed match to sample (DMS) task. Although the WM load-dependent and stimulus-free activations during the DMS delay phase confirm the role of FPN as a domain-general network to maintain information, the stimulus-dependent activations within this network during the DMS encoding phase suggest its involvement in the final stage of the hierarchical processing chains. In contrast, the load-dependent activations of intermediate regions in the N-back task highlight their further roles beyond perception in WM tasks. These results provide empirical evidence for a hierarchical processing model of WM and may have significant implications for WM training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhou
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310007, China
| | - Conghui Su
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310007, China
| | - Jinglan Wu
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310007, China
| | - Jiaofeng Li
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310007, China
| | - Xiqian Lu
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Liangyu Gong
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310007, China
| | - Fengji Geng
- Department of Curriculum and Learning Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zaifeng Gao
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310007, China
| | - Yuzheng Hu
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310007, China
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28
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Li X, Chen Q, Wang Z, Wang X, Zhang W, Lu J, Zhang X, Wang Z, Zhang B. Altered spontaneous brain activity as a potential imaging biomarker for generalized and focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures: A resting-state fMRI study. Epilepsy Behav 2023; 140:109100. [PMID: 36791632 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2023.109100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine whether alterations in spontaneous regional brain activity in those with generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) and focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures (FBTCS) and explore whether the alterations could be used as biomarkers to classify disease subtypes through support vector machine analysis (SVM). METHODS The fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data were extracted from 57 patients with GTCS, 35 patients with FBTCS, and 50 age-matched and sex-matched normal controls (NCs) using the DPARSF 5.0 toolbox. Between-group comparisons were adjusted for covariates (age, sex, and equipment). Correlation analyses between imaging biomarkers and the frequency or duration of seizure activity were calculated using partial correlations. The differential imaging indicators, age, and sex were considered as the discriminative features in the SVM to evaluate classification performance. RESULTS The patients with GTCS showed lower fALFF values (voxel p < 0.001, cluster p < 0.05, Gaussian random field corrected, GRF corrected) in the right postcentral gyrus and precentral gyrus and lower ReHo values (GRF corrected) in the middle temporal gyrus than the NCs. The patients with FBTCS showed higher fALFF (GRF corrected) values in the right postcentral and precentral gyrus and higher ReHo (GRF corrected) values in the right postcentral gyrus. Both fALFF (GRF corrected) and ReHo (GRF corrected) values were lower in the right postcentral gyrus and precentral gyrus in the GTCS group than in the FBTCS group. In patients with FBTCS, fALFF values in the right postcentral and precentral gyrus were positively correlated with duration (r = 0.655, p = 0.008, Bonferroni corrected) in the low-duration group, and ReHo values in the right postcentral gyrus were positively correlated with frequency (r = 0.486, p = 0.022, uncorrected) in the low-frequency group. SVM results showed receiver operating characteristic curves of 0.89, 0.87, and 0.76 for the classification between GTCS and NC, between FBTCS and NC, and GTCS and FBTCS, respectively. SIGNIFICANCE This study detected alterations in fALFF and ReHo in the postcentral gyrus and precentral gyrus in patients with GTCS and FBTCS, which might contribute to understanding the pathogenesis, disease classification, and clinical targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Radiology, the Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zhongyuan Wang
- Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jiaming Lu
- Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zhengge Wang
- Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.
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Çavdar S, Köse B, Altınöz D, Özkan M, Güneş YC, Algın O. The brainstem connections of the supplementary motor area and its relations to the corticospinal tract: Experimental rat and human 3-tesla tractography study. Neurosci Lett 2023; 798:137099. [PMID: 36720343 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Although the supplementary motor area (SMA) is a large region on the medial surface of the frontal lobe of the brain, little is known about its function. The current study uses 3-tesla high-resolution diffusion tensor tractography (DTI) in healthy individuals and biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) and fluoro-gold (FG) tracer in rats to demonstrate the afferent and efferent connections of the SMA with brainstem structures. It also aims to clarify how SMA fibers relate to the corticospinal tract (CST). The BDA (n = 6) and FG (n = 8) tracers were pressure-injected into the SMA of 14 Wistar albino rats. Light and fluorescence microscopy was used to capture images of the FG and BDA-labeled cells and axons. High-resolution 3-tesla DTI data were acquired from the Human Connectome Project database. Tracts between the SMA and brainstem structures were analyzed using diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI) studio software. The FG injections into the SMA showed afferent projections from mesencephalic (periaqueductal gray matter, substantia nigra pars reticulata, ventral tegmental area, inferior colliculus, mesencephalic reticular, tegmental, and raphe nuclei), pontine (locus coeruleus, pontine reticular and vestibular nuclei), and medullary (area postrema, parabrachial, and medullary reticular nuclei) structures. The anterograde tracer BDA injections into the SMA showed efferent connections with mesencephalic (periaqueductal gray, substantia nigra pars compacta, dorsal raphe, trigeminal motor mesencephalic, and mesencephalic reticular nuclei), pontine (locus coeruleus, nucleus of the lateral lemniscus, vestibular, cochlear, and pontine reticular nuclei), and medullary (area postrema, medullary reticular, olivary, and parabrachial nuclei) structures. The SMA had efferent but no afferent connections with the cerebellar nuclei. The DTI results in healthy human subjects highly corresponded with the experimental results. Further, the DTI results showed a distinct bundle that descended to spinal levels closely related to the CST. Understanding SMA's afferent and efferent connections will enrich our knowledge of its contribution to various brainstem networks and may provide new perspectives for understanding its motor and non-motor functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safiye Çavdar
- Department of Anatomy, Koç University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Büşra Köse
- Department of Anatomy, Koç University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Damlasu Altınöz
- Department of Anatomy, Koç University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mazhar Özkan
- Department of Anatomy, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yasin Celal Güneş
- Department of Radiology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey; Department of Radiology, Ankara Atatürk Sanatorium Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Oktay Algın
- Department of Radiology, Ankara Atatürk Sanatorium Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey; Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey; National MR Research Center (UMRAM), Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
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Wei HL, Ao MQ, Wang MY, Zhou GP, Yu YS, Tao Q, Zhang H. Disrupted resting-state functional connectivity of the thalamus in patients with coronary heart disease. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13423. [PMID: 36814614 PMCID: PMC9939614 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although homeostasis of the cardiovascular system is regulated by the cerebral cortex via the autonomic nervous system, the role of abnormal brain functional connectivity (FC) networks in patients with cardiac dysfunction remains unclear. Here, we report thalamus-based FC alterations and their relationship with clinical characteristics in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods We employed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) to acquire imaging data in twenty-six patients with CHD alongside sixteen healthy controls (HCs). Next, we performed a thalamus-based FC analysis to profile abnormal FC patterns in the whole brain. Subsequently, the mean time series of the brain regions that survived in the FC analysis were used to determine correlations with clinical parameters in patients with CHD. Results We found no statistically significant differences in demographic and clinical data between patients with CHD and HCs. Patients with CHD showed decreased FC patterns between bilateral thalami and left hemisphere, encompassing supplementary motor area, superior frontal gyrus, superior parietal gyrus, inferior parietal gyrus, middle cingulate cortex, lingual gyrus and calcarine sulcus. Conclusions These findings not only have implications in clarifying the relationship between cerebral functional imbalance and cardiovascular system, but also provide valuable insights to guide future evaluation and management of cardiac autonomic regulation via the brain-heart axis.
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Key Words
- ANS, autonomic nervous system
- CHD, coronary heart disease
- CNS, central nervous system
- CVD, cardiovascular disease
- Coronary heart disease
- DMN, default mode network
- ECN, executive control network
- FC, functional connectivity
- Functional connectivity analysis
- Functional magnetic resonance imaging
- IPG, inferior parietal gyrus
- MCC, middle cingulate cortex
- MCI, myocardial ischemia
- MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment
- Resting-state
- Rs-fMRI, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging
- SFG, superior frontal gyrus
- SMA, supplementary motor area
- SMN, sensorimotor network
- SN, salient network
- SNS, sympathetic nervous system
- SPG, superior parietal gyrus
- Thalamus
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Le Wei
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211100, China
| | - Ming-Qiang Ao
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211100, China
| | - Meng-Yao Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211100, China
| | - Gang-Ping Zhou
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211100, China
| | - Yu-Sheng Yu
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211100, China
| | - Qin Tao
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211100, China,Corresponding author.
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211100, China,Corresponding author. Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 169, Hushan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211100, China.
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Chen N, Qiu X, Hua Y, Hu J, Bai Y. Effects of sequential inhibitory and facilitatory repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on neurological and functional recovery of a patient with chronic stroke: A case report and literature review. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1064718. [PMID: 36779047 PMCID: PMC9911674 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1064718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose The effects of conventional protocols of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in the chronic phase of stroke are limited. This study aimed to apply the sequential inhibitory and facilitatory rTMS for upper limb motor dysfunction post-stroke to observe the efficacy and explore the possible neurophysiological mechanism. We hypothesize that this protocol would both enhance the excitability of affected M1 and promote connections among motor areas. Case description We reported a 55-year-old female patient with a 1-year chronic stroke and right-sided hemiplegia, who underwent the 14-session rTMS with seven sessions of low frequency (LF) and with seven sessions of high frequency (HF). Clinical scales mainly including Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Upper Extremity (FMA-UE), Action Research Arm Test (ARAT), neurophysiological measures, and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) were assessed before (T0), at the midpoint (T1), and after the intervention (T2). Outcomes The patient exhibited post-intervention improvement in upper extremity function. There was increased excitability in the ipsilesional hemisphere and the opposite in the contralesional hemisphere. The interhemispheric inhibition (IHI) ratio increased from 2.70 to 10.81 and finally decreased to 1.34. Oxy-Hb signal was significantly decreased in affected M1 and mildly decreased in unaffected M1, while that of PMC and SMA on the affected side increased significantly. Conclusion The sequential inhibitory and facilitatory rTMS significantly promoted motor recovery in the patient. Related mechanisms include upregulation of excitability in the ipsilesional hemisphere, return of interhemispheric balance, and neuroplasticity-induced cortical reorganization.
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Mondok C, Wiener M. Selectivity of timing: A meta-analysis of temporal processing in neuroimaging studies using activation likelihood estimation and reverse inference. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 16:1000995. [PMID: 36684845 PMCID: PMC9851378 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.1000995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last few decades, many researchers have investigated time perception and how it is processed in the brain. Past studies have identified cortical and subcortical regions that play an important role in implicit and/or explicit timing tasks. In regard to timing, different regions appear to have roles of varying importance depending on the duration (sub-second vs. supra-second), type of task (such as involving motor responses or passively observing stimuli), and modality (such as auditory, visual, and sensorimotor) resulting in the literature reporting divergent results that are contingent on the specifics of the task. This meta-analysis aims at identifying regions that show activation only for explicit timing tasks through reverse inference. As such, two datasets (the first including studies that involved explicit timing tasks while the second did not) were compared using the activation likelihood estimation (ALE) algorithm. Reverse inference was implemented through Bayes factor modeling, which allowed for the comparison of the activated regions between the two ALE-maps. Results showed a constellation of regions that exhibited selective activation likelihood in explicit timing tasks with the largest posterior probability of activation resulting in the left supplementary motor area (SMA) and the bilateral insula. Some areas that have been dubbed critical for time perception in past studies (i.e., the cerebellum) did not exhibit prevalent activation after analyses.
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Xu H, Chen K, Zhu H, Bu J, Yang L, Chen F, Ma H, Qu X, Zhang R, Liu H. Neurovascular coupling changes in patients with magnetic resonance imaging negative focal epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2023; 138:109035. [PMID: 36535109 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2022.109035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Brain neuron activity is closely related to cerebral blood flow (CBF) changes. Alterations in the regional homogeneity (ReHo) and CBF occur in patients with magnetic resonance imaging negative focal epilepsy (FEP-MRI-). However, the coupling alterations of ReHo and CBF in FEP-MRI- remain unclear. The study aims to explore neurovascular coupling alterations and their clinical implication in FEP-MRI-. We collected resting-state magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from 31 healthy controls (HCs) and 48 patients with FEP-MRI-,including three-dimensional (3D) T1-weighted imaging, 3D arterial spin labeling (ASL) imaging,and resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI). The CBF and ReHo values were calculated from the ASL and rs-fMRI data, respectively. The CBF/ReHo ratio per voxel and whole-brain CBF-ReHo coupling were compared between the two groups. Correlation analysis involved the CBF/ReHo ratio and clinical indicators in FEP-MRI-. Patients with FEP-MRI- showed significantly increased cross-subject CBF-ReHo and global cross-voxel CBF-ReHo coupling. The CBF/ReHo ratio was higher in the bilateral orbitofrontal gyrus, right parietal lobe, and right middle frontal gyrus of patients with FEP-MRI-. Nevertheless, this ratio was lower in the bilateral supplementary motor areas, the left middle and posterior cingulate gyrus, and the right central sulcus cover. The CBF/ReHo ratio was markedly correlated with cognitive function, memory, intelligence, and epilepsy duration in the above abnormal brain regions. CBF/ReHo ratio may be useful as an indicator of neuropathological mechanisms. These results support the hypothesis that CBF/ReHo ratio relates to the neuropathological mechanisms of FEP-MRI-. Furthermore, it offers new perspectives for studying the mechanisms of MRI-negative epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghao Xu
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kefan Chen
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haitao Zhu
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinxin Bu
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fangqing Chen
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haiyan Ma
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuefeng Qu
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Hongyi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China.
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Alekseev IM, Zuev AA. [Surgical treatment of tumors of the supplementary motor area]. ZHURNAL VOPROSY NEIROKHIRURGII IMENI N. N. BURDENKO 2023; 87:5-14. [PMID: 36763548 DOI: 10.17116/neiro2023870115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
After surgical treatment of tumors of the supplementary motor area (SMA) post-operative speech and/or motor neurological deficit may occur. OBJECTIVE To determinate frequency and reversibility of such deficit and identify risk factors for its development. MATERIAL AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed postoperative outcomes in 34 patients with SMA tumors. Pre- and postoperative neurological status, localization of tumors, extent of resection relative to adjacent regions and relationship of tumor with white matter tracts were assessed. We also analyzed the influence of these factors on the risk of postoperative neurological impairment. RESULTS Postoperative neurological impairment occurred in 47% of cases. Complete or significant regression was observed in all patients within 5.7 month after surgery. Major risk factors were lesion of dominant hemisphere (p=0.029), tumor spreading to primary motor cortex (p=0.018) and resection of SMA together with cingulate gyrus (p=0.000). Location of frontal aslant tract in dominant hemisphere just near the tumor contributed to disorders regarding speech initiation and fluency (p=0.016). Resection of SMA with cingulate gyrus in dominant hemisphere affected development of more serious speech disorders (p=0.003). CONCLUSION Surgery for SMA tumors is safe and followed by favorable functional outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- I M Alekseev
- Pirogov National Medical Surgical Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - A A Zuev
- Pirogov National Medical Surgical Center, Moscow, Russia
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35
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Yang Y, Qu L, Mu L, Yao J, Su C, Zheng Q, Zheng H, Zhang P, Li Y. Electroacupuncture for psychogenic erectile dysfunction: A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study exploring the alteration of fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuation. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1116202. [PMID: 37063106 PMCID: PMC10098132 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1116202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Psychogenic erectile dysfunction (PED) can seriously affect emotional and marital wellbeing. Electroacupuncture (EA) seems an effective method for treating PED. However, the central mechanisms underlying PED and the beneficial effects of EA treatment are unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the central mechanisms of PED and to examine the impact of EA on erectile function. Methods We recruited 14 PED patients and 14 matched normal controls (NCs). PED patients underwent twice rs-fMRI scans, respectively, pre- and post-treatment. The NCs only completed one rs-fMRI scan. We used the fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (fALFF) to compare spontaneous neural activity between the PED patients and NCs, and to examine the differences between the pre- and post-EA treatment scans in the PED patients. Results Scores on the IIEF5, QEQ, and SEAR improved after EA treatment. Compared with the NCs, PED patients showed increased fALFF in the right posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), right supplementary motor area (SMA), and left middle occipital gyrus. Most of these regions are closely implicated in sexual inhibition. The results of the correlation analysis results indicated that the fALFF of the right PCC was negatively correlated with IIEF5 scores. After treatment, fALFF values were substantially lower in the left triangular part of the inferior frontal gyrus, right DLPFC, right SMA, bilateral PCC and the orbital part of the middle frontal gyrus, and higher in the left middle temporal gyrus and left caudate nucleus. These regions mainly belong to the default mode network (DMN), executive control network and primary sensory motor network. The results of the correlation analysis indicated a positive association between the changes in IIEF5 score and changes in the fALFF value in the right PCC after EA treatment. Conclusion In conclusion, our study highlights that PED patients have abnormal patterns of activity in the right PCC, right DLPFC, and right SMA mainly involved in the DMN, executive central network, and sensory motor network which could lead to a higher levels of sexual inhibition. EA might regulate the process of sexual inhibition to improve erection function in PED patients probably by modulating spontaneous brain activity in the DMN, executive central network, and sensory motor network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Yang
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Liu Qu
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Linxuan Mu
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Junpeng Yao
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chengguo Su
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qianhua Zheng
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Huabin Zheng
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The Hospital of Chengdu University of Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Peihai Zhang
- Department of Urology/Andrology, The Hospital of Chengdu University of Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Peihai Zhang,
| | - Ying Li
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Li,
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Alekseev IM, Zuev AA. [Mapping the musician brain during awake craniotomy]. ZHURNAL VOPROSY NEIROKHIRURGII IMENI N. N. BURDENKO 2023; 87:92-97. [PMID: 37011334 DOI: 10.17116/neiro20238702192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Direct cortical stimulation during awake craniotomy with speech testing became the «gold standard» in brain mapping and preserving speech zones during neurosurgical procedures. However, there are many other cerebral functions, and their loss can be very critical for certain patients. For example, such a function is production and perception of music for musicians. This review presents the latest data on functional anatomy of musician brain, as well as aspects of neurosurgical treatment with awake craniotomy and music testing under brain mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- I M Alekseev
- Pirogov National Medical Surgical Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - A A Zuev
- Pirogov National Medical Surgical Center, Moscow, Russia
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Lu L, Han M, Zou G, Zheng L, Gao JH. Common and distinct neural representations of imagined and perceived speech. Cereb Cortex 2022; 33:6486-6493. [PMID: 36587299 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Humans excel at constructing mental representations of speech streams in the absence of external auditory input: the internal experience of speech imagery. Elucidating the neural processes underlying speech imagery is critical to understanding this higher-order brain function in humans. Here, using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we investigated the shared and distinct neural correlates of imagined and perceived speech by asking participants to listen to poems articulated by a male voice (perception condition) and to imagine hearing poems spoken by that same voice (imagery condition). We found that compared to baseline, speech imagery and perception activated overlapping brain regions, including the bilateral superior temporal gyri and supplementary motor areas. The left inferior frontal gyrus was more strongly activated by speech imagery than by speech perception, suggesting functional specialization for generating speech imagery. Although more research with a larger sample size and a direct behavioral indicator is needed to clarify the neural systems underlying the construction of complex speech imagery, this study provides valuable insights into the neural mechanisms of the closely associated but functionally distinct processes of speech imagery and perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxi Lu
- Center for the Cognitive Science of Language, Beijing Language and Culture University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Meizhen Han
- National Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Guangyuan Zou
- Center for MRI Research, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Li Zheng
- Center for MRI Research, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jia-Hong Gao
- Center for MRI Research, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Beijing City Key Lab for Medical Physics and Engineering, Institution of Heavy Ion Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Bleau M, Paré S, Chebat DR, Kupers R, Nemargut JP, Ptito M. Neural substrates of spatial processing and navigation in blindness: An activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1010354. [PMID: 36340755 PMCID: PMC9630591 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1010354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Even though vision is considered the best suited sensory modality to acquire spatial information, blind individuals can form spatial representations to navigate and orient themselves efficiently in space. Consequently, many studies support the amodality hypothesis of spatial representations since sensory modalities other than vision contribute to the formation of spatial representations, independently of visual experience and imagery. However, given the high variability in abilities and deficits observed in blind populations, a clear consensus about the neural representations of space has yet to be established. To this end, we performed a meta-analysis of the literature on the neural correlates of spatial processing and navigation via sensory modalities other than vision, like touch and audition, in individuals with early and late onset blindness. An activation likelihood estimation (ALE) analysis of the neuroimaging literature revealed that early blind individuals and sighted controls activate the same neural networks in the processing of non-visual spatial information and navigation, including the posterior parietal cortex, frontal eye fields, insula, and the hippocampal complex. Furthermore, blind individuals also recruit primary and associative occipital areas involved in visuo-spatial processing via cross-modal plasticity mechanisms. The scarcity of studies involving late blind individuals did not allow us to establish a clear consensus about the neural substrates of spatial representations in this specific population. In conclusion, the results of our analysis on neuroimaging studies involving early blind individuals support the amodality hypothesis of spatial representations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Bleau
- École d’Optométrie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Samuel Paré
- École d’Optométrie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Daniel-Robert Chebat
- Visual and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory (VCN Lab), Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
- Navigation and Accessibility Research Center of Ariel University (NARCA), Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Ron Kupers
- École d’Optométrie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Institute of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Maurice Ptito
- École d’Optométrie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Maurice Ptito,
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Zovetti N, Bellani M, Chowdury A, Alessandrini F, Zoccatelli G, Perlini C, Ricciardi GK, Marzi CA, Diwadkar VA, Brambilla P. Inefficient white matter activity in Schizophrenia evoked during intra and inter-hemispheric communication. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:449. [PMID: 36244980 PMCID: PMC9573867 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02200-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Intensive cognitive tasks induce inefficient regional and network responses in schizophrenia (SCZ). fMRI-based studies have naturally focused on gray matter, but appropriately titrated visuo-motor integration tasks reliably activate inter- and intra-hemispheric white matter pathways. Such tasks can assess network inefficiency without demanding intensive cognitive effort. Here, we provide the first application of this framework to the study of white matter functional responses in SCZ. Event-related fMRI data were acquired from 28 patients (nine females, mean age 43.3, ±11.7) and 28 age- and gender-comparable controls (nine females, mean age 42.1 ± 10.1), using the Poffenberger paradigm, a rapid visual detection task used to induce intra- (ipsi-lateral visual and motor cortex) or inter-hemispheric (contra-lateral visual and motor cortex) transfer. fMRI data were pre- and post-processed to reliably isolate activations in white matter, using probabilistic tractography-based white matter tracts. For intra- and inter-hemispheric transfer conditions, SCZ evinced hyper-activations in longitudinal and transverse white matter tracts, with hyper-activation in sub-regions of the corpus callosum primarily observed during inter-hemispheric transfer. Evidence for the functional inefficiency of white matter was observed in conjunction with small (~50 ms) but significant increases in response times. Functional inefficiencies in SCZ are (1) observable in white matter, with the degree of inefficiency contextually related to task-conditions, and (2) are evoked by simple detection tasks without intense cognitive processing. These cumulative results while expanding our understanding of this dys-connection syndrome, also extend the search of biomarkers beyond the traditional realm of fMRI studies of gray matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niccolò Zovetti
- grid.5611.30000 0004 1763 1124Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marcella Bellani
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Asadur Chowdury
- grid.254444.70000 0001 1456 7807Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI USA
| | - Franco Alessandrini
- grid.411475.20000 0004 1756 948XNeuroradiology Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giada Zoccatelli
- grid.411475.20000 0004 1756 948XNeuroradiology Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Cinzia Perlini
- grid.5611.30000 0004 1763 1124Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Clinical Psychology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giuseppe K. Ricciardi
- Pathology and Diagnostics, Section of Neuroradiology, Hospital Trust Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Carlo A. Marzi
- grid.5611.30000 0004 1763 1124Physiology and Psychology Section, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy ,National Institute of Neuroscience, Verona, Italy
| | - Vaibhav A. Diwadkar
- grid.254444.70000 0001 1456 7807Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI USA
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. .,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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Xu H, Zhang M, Wang Z, Yang Y, Chang Y, Liu L. Abnormal brain activities in multiple frequency bands in Parkinson’s disease with apathy. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:975189. [PMID: 36300172 PMCID: PMC9589053 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.975189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Apathy is among the most prevalent and incapacitating non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD). PD patients with apathy (PD-A) have been reported to have abnormal spontaneous brain activity mainly in 0.01–0.08 Hz. However, the frequency-dependence of brain activity in PD-A remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to examine whether abnormalities in PD-A are associated with specific frequency bands. Materials and methods Overall, 28 patients with PD-A, 19 PD patients without apathy (PD-NA), and 32 gender-, age-matched healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. We collected resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data, demographic information, and neuropsychological assessments, including apathy, depression, anxiety and cognitive function for every participant. The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF), fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF), percent amplitude of fluctuation (PerAF), regional homogeneity (ReHo), and degree centrality (DC) were calculated in the conventional (0.01–0.08 Hz), slow-4 (0.027–0.073 Hz), and slow-5 (0.01–0.027 Hz) frequency bands based on statistical parametric mapping (SPM12) and RESTplus V1.25. Two-sample t-tests were performed to compare the differences among the three groups. Results PD-A reduced ALFF in the right anterior cingulate gyri in the slow-5 band and decreased fALFF in the right middle frontal gyrus in the conventional band, compared to patients with PD-NA. However, PerAF, ReHo, and DC could not distinguish PD-A from PD-NA in the three bands. PD-A had higher ALFF and fALFF in the left middle occipital gyrus and lower fALFF in the bilateral insula in the slow-5 band compared to the HCs. Furthermore, abnormal DC value in hippocampus and parahippocampus was observed separately in the conventional band and in the slow-4 band between PD-A and HCs. Moreover, PD-A and PD-NA showed lower ReHo in cerebellum in the three bands compared to the HCs. Conclusion Our study revealed that PD-A and PD-NA might have different neurophysiological mechanisms. Concurrently, the ALFF in the slow-5 band and fALFF in the conventional band were sensitive in differentiating PD-A from PD-NA. The influence of apathy on the disease can be considered in the future research on PD, with the effects of frequency band taken into account when analyzing spontaneous brain activities in PD-A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haikun Xu
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mengchao Zhang
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ziju Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Chang
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Ying Chang,
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Lin Liu,
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Schneider HR, Wawrzyniak M, Stockert A, Klingbeil J, Saur D. fMRI informed voxel-based lesion analysis to identify lesions associated with right-hemispheric activation in aphasia recovery. Neuroimage Clin 2022; 36:103169. [PMID: 36037659 PMCID: PMC9440420 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Several mechanisms have been attributed to post-stroke loss and recovery of language functions. However, the significance and timing of domain-general and homotopic right-hemispheric activation is controversial. We aimed to examine the effect of left-hemispheric lesion location and time post-stroke on right-hemispheric activation. Voxel-based lesion analyses were informed by auditory language-related fMRI activation of 71 patients with left middle cerebral artery stroke examined longitudinally in the acute, subacute and early chronic phase. Language activation was determined in several right-hemispheric regions of interest and served as regressor of interest for voxel-based lesion analyses. We found that an acute to chronic increase of language activation in the right supplementary motor area was associated with lesions to the left extreme capsule as part of the ventral language pathway. Importantly, this activation increase correlated significantly with improvement of out-of-scanner comprehension abilities. We interpret our findings in terms of successful domain-general compensation in patients with critical left frontotemporal disconnection due to damage to the ventral language pathway but relatively spared cortical language areas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Max Wawrzyniak
- Corresponding author at: Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig AöR, Liebigstraße 20, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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Kamat A, Makled B, Norfleet J, Schwaitzberg SD, Intes X, De S, Dutta A. Directed information flow during laparoscopic surgical skill acquisition dissociated skill level and medical simulation technology. NPJ SCIENCE OF LEARNING 2022; 7:19. [PMID: 36008451 PMCID: PMC9411170 DOI: 10.1038/s41539-022-00138-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Virtual reality (VR) simulator has emerged as a laparoscopic surgical skill training tool that needs validation using brain-behavior analysis. Therefore, brain network and skilled behavior relationship were evaluated using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) from seven experienced right-handed surgeons and six right-handed medical students during the performance of Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery (FLS) pattern of cutting tasks in a physical and a VR simulator. Multiple regression and path analysis (MRPA) found that the FLS performance score was statistically significantly related to the interregional directed functional connectivity from the right prefrontal cortex to the supplementary motor area with F (2, 114) = 9, p < 0.001, and R2 = 0.136. Additionally, a two-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) found a statistically significant effect of the simulator technology on the interregional directed functional connectivity from the right prefrontal cortex to the left primary motor cortex (F (1, 15) = 6.002, p = 0.027; partial η2 = 0.286) that can be related to differential right-lateralized executive control of attention. Then, MRPA found that the coefficient of variation (CoV) of the FLS performance score was statistically significantly associated with the CoV of the interregionally directed functional connectivity from the right primary motor cortex to the left primary motor cortex and the left primary motor cortex to the left prefrontal cortex with F (2, 22) = 3.912, p = 0.035, and R2 = 0.262. This highlighted the importance of the efference copy information from the motor cortices to the prefrontal cortex for postulated left-lateralized perceptual decision-making to reduce behavioral variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kamat
- Center for Modeling, Simulation and Imaging in Medicine, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Basiel Makled
- US Army Futures Command, Combat Capabilities Development Command Soldier Center STTC, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Jack Norfleet
- US Army Futures Command, Combat Capabilities Development Command Soldier Center STTC, Orlando, FL, USA
| | | | - Xavier Intes
- Center for Modeling, Simulation and Imaging in Medicine, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Suvranu De
- Center for Modeling, Simulation and Imaging in Medicine, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Anirban Dutta
- Neuroengineering and Informatics for Rehabilitation Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
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Jiang WH, Chen HH, Chen W, Wu Q, Chen L, Zhou J, Xu XQ, Hu H, Wu FY. Altered Long- and Short-Range Functional Connectivity Density in Patients With Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy: A Resting-State fMRI Study. Front Neurol 2022; 13:902912. [PMID: 35812093 PMCID: PMC9259934 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.902912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Although previous neuroimaging studies have demonstrated emotion- and psychology-associated brain abnormalities in patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO), the changes of brain functional connectivity in TAO were seldom focused. We aimed to investigate interregional and intraregional functional interactions in patients with TAO by using resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) with long- and short-range functional connectivity density (FCD) analysis. Methods Thirty patients with TAO and 30 well-matched healthy controls (HCs) were recruited in our study. Long- and short-range FCD values were calculated and compared between the two groups. Correlations between long- and short-range FCD values and clinical indicators were analyzed. Results Compared with HCs, patients with showed both increased long- and short-range FCDs in the left middle frontal gyrus (MFG), orbital part of superior frontal gyrus (ORBsup), and dorsolateral part of superior frontal gyrus (SFGdor); meanwhile, both decreased long- and short-range FCDs in bilateral postcentral gyrus (PoCG), left superior parietal gyrus (SPG), and inferior parietal (IPL). In addition, patients with TAO showed increased short-range FCD in the right SFGdor, bilateral medial part of superior frontal gyrus (SFGmed), left orbital part of middle frontal gyrus (ORBmid), and orbital part of inferior frontal gyrus (ORBinf), as well as decreased short-range FCD in the right supplementary motor area (SMA) and the left paracentral lobule (PCL) than HCs. Moreover, the short-range value in the left SFGdor showed a negative correlation with Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score (r = −0.501, p = 0.005). Conclusion Our findings complemented the functional neural mechanism of TAO, and provided potential neuroimaging markers for assessing the psychiatric, visual, and emotional disturbances in patients with TAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hao Jiang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huan-Huan Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiang Zhou
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Quan Xu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Hao Hu
| | - Fei-Yun Wu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Fei-Yun Wu
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Palmisciano P, Haider AS, Balasubramanian K, Dadario NB, Robertson FC, Silverstein JW, D'Amico RS. Supplementary Motor Area Syndrome after Brain Tumor Surgery: A Systematic Review. World Neurosurg 2022; 165:160-171.e2. [PMID: 35752423 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.06.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Supplementary motor area syndrome (SMAS) may occur after frontal tumor surgery, with variable presentation and outcomes. We reviewed the literature on postoperative SMAS following brain tumor resection. METHODS PubMed, Web-of-Science, Scopus, and Cochrane were searched following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to include studies reporting SMAS after brain tumor resection. RESULTS We included 31 studies encompassing 236 patients. Most tumors were gliomas (94.5%), frequently of low-grade (61.4%). Most lesions were located on the left hemisphere (64.4%), involving the supplementary motor area (61.4%) and the cingulate gyrus (20.8%). Tractography and functional MRI evaluation were completed in 45 (19.1%) and 26 (11%) patients. Gross total resection was achieved in 46.3% cases and complete SMA resection in 69.4%. 215 procedures (91.1%) utilized intraoperative neuromonitoring mostly consisting of direct cortical/subcortical stimulation (56.4%), motor (33.9%), and somatosensory (25.4%) evoked potentials. Postoperative SMAS symptoms occurred within 24 hours after surgery, characterized by motor deficits (97%) including paresis (68.6%) and hemiplegia (16.1%), and speech disorders (53%) including hesitancy (24.2%) and mutism (22%). Average SMAS duration was 45 days (range, 1-365), with total resolution occurring in 188 patients (79.7%) and partial improvement in 46 (19.5%). 48 patients (20.3%) had persisting symptoms, mostly speech hesitancy (60.4%) and fine motor disorders (45.8%). CONCLUSION Postoperative SMAS may occur within the first 24 hours after mesial frontal tumor surgery. Preoperative mapping and intraoperative neuromonitoring may assist resection and predict outcomes. Neuroplasticity and interhemispheric connectivity play a major role in resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Palmisciano
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Ali S Haider
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
| | | | - Nicholas B Dadario
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwell Health, Lenox Hill Hospital/Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra, New York, NY, USA
| | - Faith C Robertson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Justin W Silverstein
- Department of Neurology, Northwell Health, Lenox Hill Hospital/Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra, New York, NY, USA; Neuro Protective Solutions, New York, NY, USA
| | - Randy S D'Amico
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwell Health, Lenox Hill Hospital/Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra, New York, NY, USA
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Sadler CM, Kami AT, Nantel J, Lommen J, Carlsen AN. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Over Motor Areas Improves Reaction Time in Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurol 2022; 13:913517. [PMID: 35775046 PMCID: PMC9237404 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.913517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been shown to modulate cortical motor excitability and improve bradykinesia symptoms in Parkinson's disease. It is unclear how targeting different cortical motor areas with tDCS may differentially influence upper limb function for individuals diagnosed with PD. Objective This study investigated whether anodal tDCS applied separately to the primary motor cortex and the supplementary motor area would improve upper limb function for individuals with Parkinson's disease. In addition, a startling acoustic stimulus was used to differentiate between the effect of stimulation on motor preparatory and initiation processes associated with upper limb movements. Methods Eleven participants with idiopathic Parkinson's disease performed two upper limb simple reaction time tasks, involving elbow extension or a button press before and after either anodal tDCS or sham tDCS was applied over the primary motor cortex or supplementary motor area. A loud, startling stimulus was presented on a selection of trials to involuntarily trigger the prepared action. Results Anodal tDCS led to improved premotor reaction time in both tasks, but this was moderated by reaction time in pre-tDCS testing, such that individuals with slower pre-tDCS reaction time showed the greatest reaction time improvements. Startle-trial reaction time was not modified following tDCS, suggesting that the stimulation primarily modulated response initiation processes. Conclusion Anodal tDCS improved response initiation speed, but only in slower reacting individuals with PD. However, no differences attributable to tDCS were observed in clinical measures of bradykinesia or kinematic variables, suggesting that reaction time may represent a more sensitive measure of some components of bradykinesia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aline Tiemi Kami
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Julie Nantel
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jonathan Lommen
- School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Anthony N. Carlsen
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Anthony N. Carlsen ; ; orcid.org/0000-0001-6015-8991
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Mo J, Wang Y, Zhang J, Cai L, Liu Q, Hu W, Sang L, Zhang C, Wang X, Shao X, Zhang K. Metabolic phenotyping of hand automatisms in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. EJNMMI Res 2022; 12:32. [PMID: 35657491 PMCID: PMC9166918 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-022-00902-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Hand automatisms (HA) are common clinical manifestations in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. However, the location of the symptomatogenic zone (EZ) in HA as well as the networks involved, are still unclear. To have a better understanding of HA underlying mechanisms, we analyzed images from interictal [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE). Methods We retrospectively recruited 79 mTLE patients and 18 healthy people that substituted the control group for the analysis. All patients underwent anterior temporal lobectomy and were seizure-free. Based on the semiology of the HA occurrence, the patients were divided into three subgroups: patients with unilateral HA (Uni-HA), with bilateral HA (Bil-HA) and without HA (None-HA). We performed the intergroup comparison analysis of the interictal FDG-PET images and compared the functional connectivity within metabolic communities. Results Our analysis showed that the metabolic patterns varied among the different groups. The Uni-HA subgroup had significant differences in the extratemporal lobe brain areas, mostly in the ipsilateral supplementary motor area (SMA) and middle cingulate cortex (MCC) when compared to the healthy control group. The Bil-HA subgroup demonstrated that the bilateral SMA and MCC areas were differentially affected, whereas in the None-HA subgroup the differences were evident in limited brain areas. The metabolic network involving HA showed a constrained network embedding the SMA and MCC brain regions. Furthermore, the increased metabolic synchronization between SMA and MCC was significantly correlated with HA. Conclusion The metabolic pattern of HA was most conspicuous in SMA and MCC brain regions. Increased metabolic synchronization within SMA and MCC was considered as the major EZ of HA. Metabolic pattern analysis allowed allocation of the symptomatogenic zone (EZ) and brain network of hand automatisms (HA) in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE). The involved network of bilateral HA was larger than the unilateral one, probably due to the occurrence of contralateral dystonic posturing. Increased metabolic synchronization within supplementary motor area (SMA) and middle cingulate cortex (MCC) regions were engaged in the representation and modulation of HA, suggesting these regions as the EZ for HA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajie Mo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Pediatric Epilepsy Center, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lixin Cai
- Pediatric Epilepsy Center, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingzhu Liu
- Pediatric Epilepsy Center, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhan Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Sang
- Epilepsy Center, Peking University First Hospital Fengtai Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Shao
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Zhang X, Qiu Y, Li J, Jia C, Liao J, Chen K, Qiu L, Yuan Z, Huang R. Neural correlates of transitive inference: An SDM meta-analysis on 32 fMRI studies. Neuroimage 2022; 258:119354. [PMID: 35659997 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Transitive inference (TI) is a critical capacity involving the integration of relevant information into prior knowledge structure for drawing novel inferences on unobserved relationships. To date, the neural correlates of TI remain unclear due to the small sample size and heterogeneity of various experimental tasks from individual studies. Here, the meta-analysis on 32 fMRI studies was performed to detect brain activation patterns of TI and its three paradigms (spatial inference, hierarchical inference, and associative inference). We found the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex (PFC), putamen, posterior parietal cortex (PPC), retrosplenial cortex (RSC), supplementary motor area (SMA), precentral gyrus (PreCG), and median cingulate cortex (MCC) were engaged in TI. Specifically, the RSC was implicated in the associative inference, whereas PPC, SMA, PreCG, and MCC were implicated in the hierarchical inference. In addition, the hierarchical inference and associative inference both evoked activation in the hippocampus, medial PFC, and PCC. Although the meta-analysis on spatial inference did not generate a reliable result due to insufficient amount of investigations, the present work still offers a new insight for better understanding the neural basis underlying TI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education; School of Psychology; Center for Studies of Psychological Application; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, 510631 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yidan Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education; School of Psychology; Center for Studies of Psychological Application; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, 510631 Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinhui Li
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education; School of Psychology; Center for Studies of Psychological Application; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, 510631 Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuchu Jia
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education; School of Psychology; Center for Studies of Psychological Application; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, 510631 Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiajun Liao
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education; School of Psychology; Center for Studies of Psychological Application; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, 510631 Guangzhou, China
| | - Kemeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education; School of Psychology; Center for Studies of Psychological Application; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, 510631 Guangzhou, China
| | - Lixin Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education; School of Psychology; Center for Studies of Psychological Application; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, 510631 Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Yuan
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China.
| | - Ruiwang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education; School of Psychology; Center for Studies of Psychological Application; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, 510631 Guangzhou, China.
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Barhoun P, Fuelscher I, Do M, He JL, Cerins A, Bekkali S, Youssef GJ, Corp D, Major BP, Meaney D, Enticott PG, Hyde C. The role of the primary motor cortex in motor imagery: A theta burst stimulation study. Psychophysiology 2022; 59:e14077. [PMID: 35503930 PMCID: PMC9540768 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
While mentally simulated actions activate similar neural structures to overt movement, the role of the primary motor cortex (PMC) in motor imagery remains disputed. The aim of the study was to use continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) to modulate corticospinal activity to investigate the putative role of the PMC in implicit motor imagery in young adults with typical and atypical motor ability. A randomized, double blind, sham‐controlled, crossover, offline cTBS protocol was applied to 35 young adults. During three separate sessions, adults with typical and low motor ability (developmental coordination disorder [DCD]), received active cTBS to the PMC and supplementary motor area (SMA), and sham stimulation to either the PMC or SMA. Following stimulation, participants completed measures of motor imagery (i.e., hand rotation task) and visual imagery (i.e., letter number rotation task). Although active cTBS significantly reduced corticospinal excitability in adults with typical motor ability, neither task performance was altered following active cTBS to the PMC or SMA, compared to performance after sham cTBS. These results did not differ across motor status (i.e., typical motor ability and DCD). These findings are not consistent with our hypothesis that the PMC (and SMA) is directly involved in motor imagery. Instead, previous motor cortical activation observed during motor imagery may be an epiphenomenon of other neurophysiological processes and/or activity within brain regions involved in motor imagery. This study highlights the need to consider multi‐session theta burst stimulation application and its neural effects when probing the putative role of motor cortices in motor imagery. A controlled continuous theta burst stimulation protocol was adopted to examine the role of the primary motor cortex in motor imagery. While corticospinal excitability was suppressed in individuals with typical motor ability, no changes in imagery performance were detected after applying active stimulation to the motor regions. This suggests that motor regions may not be causally implicated in motor imagery and/or that multiple stimulation sessions may be required when inducing cognitive‐behavioral changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Barhoun
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ian Fuelscher
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Do
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jason L He
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Andris Cerins
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Soukayna Bekkali
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - George J Youssef
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Centre for Adolescent Health, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Daniel Corp
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Brendan P Major
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dwayne Meaney
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter G Enticott
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christian Hyde
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
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Nakamura T, Sato Y, Kobayashi Y, Kawauchi Y, Shimizu K, Mizutani T. Visualization of ictal networks using gamma oscillation regularity correlation analysis in focal motor epilepsy: Illustrative cases. Surg Neurol Int 2022; 13:105. [PMID: 35399885 PMCID: PMC8986657 DOI: 10.25259/sni_193_2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
Focal motor epilepsy is difficult to localize within the epileptogenic zone because ictal activity quickly spreads to the motor cortex through ictal networks. We previously reported the usefulness of gamma oscillation (30–70 Hz) regularity (GOR) correlation analysis using interictal electrocorticographic (ECoG) data to depict epileptogenic networks. We conducted GOR correlation analysis using ictal ECoG data to visualize the ictal networks originating from the epileptogenic zone in two cases — a 26-year-old woman with negative motor seizures and a 53-year-old man with supplementary motor area (SMA) seizures.
Case Description:
In both cases, we captured several habitual seizures during monitoring after subdural electrode implantation and performed GOR correlation analysis using ictal ECoG data. A significantly high GOR suggestive of epileptogenicity was identified in the SMA ipsilateral to the lesions, which were connected to the motor cortex through supposed ictal networks. We resected the high GOR locations in the SMA and the patients’ previously identified tumors were removed. The patients were seizure-free without any neurological deficits after surgery.
Conclusion:
The GOR correlation analysis using ictal ECoG data could be a powerful tool for visualizing ictal networks in focal motor epilepsy.
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Ben-Zion D, Gabitov E, Prior A, Bitan T. Effects of Sleep on Language and Motor Consolidation: Evidence of Domain General and Specific Mechanisms. NEUROBIOLOGY OF LANGUAGE (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2022; 3:180-213. [PMID: 37215556 PMCID: PMC10158628 DOI: 10.1162/nol_a_00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The current study explores the effects of time and sleep on the consolidation of a novel language learning task containing both item-specific knowledge and the extraction of grammatical regularities. We also compare consolidation effects in language and motor sequence learning tasks, to ask whether consolidation mechanisms are domain general. Young adults learned to apply plural inflections to novel words based on morphophonological rules embedded in the input, and learned to type a motor sequence using a keyboard. Participants were randomly assigned into one of two groups, practicing each task during either the morning or evening hours. Both groups were retested 12 and 24 hours post-training. Performance on frequent trained items in the language task stabilized only following sleep, consistent with a hippocampal mechanism for item-specific learning. However, regularity extraction, indicated by generalization to untrained items in the linguistic task, as well as performance on motor sequence learning, improved 24 hours post-training, irrespective of the timing of sleep. This consolidation process is consistent with a frontostriatal skill-learning mechanism, common across the language and motor domains. This conclusion is further reinforced by cross-domain correlations at the individual level between improvement across 24 hours in the motor task and in the low-frequency trained items in the linguistic task, which involve regularity extraction. Taken together, our results at the group and individual levels suggest that some aspects of consolidation are shared across the motor and language domains, and more specifically, between motor sequence learning and grammar learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafna Ben-Zion
- Department of Learning Disabilities, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- Edmond J. Safra Brain Research Center for the Study of Learning Disabilities, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- Institute of Information Processing and Decision Making, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- The Integrated Brain and Behavior Research Center (IBBRC), University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ella Gabitov
- McConnell Brain Imaging Center, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anat Prior
- Department of Learning Disabilities, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- Edmond J. Safra Brain Research Center for the Study of Learning Disabilities, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tali Bitan
- Institute of Information Processing and Decision Making, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- The Integrated Brain and Behavior Research Center (IBBRC), University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- Department of Psychology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- Department of Speech Language Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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