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Wang Z, Li Y, Cao C, Anderson A, Huesmann G, Lam F. Multi-Parametric Molecular Imaging of the Brain Using Optimized Multi-TE Subspace MRSI. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2024; 71:1732-1744. [PMID: 38170654 PMCID: PMC11160977 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2023.3349375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop a novel multi-TE MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) approach to enable label-free, simultaneous, high-resolution mapping of several molecules and their biophysical parameters in the brain. METHODS The proposed method uniquely integrated an augmented molecular-component-specific subspace model for multi-TE 1H-MRSI signals, an estimation-theoretic experiment optimization (nonuniform TE selection) for molecule separation and parameter estimation, a physics-driven subspace learning strategy for spatiospectral reconstruction and molecular quantification, and a new accelerated multi-TE MRSI acquisition for generating high-resolution data in clinically relevant times. Numerical studies, phantom and in vivo experiments were conducted to validate the optimized experiment design and demonstrate the imaging capability offered by the proposed method. RESULTS The proposed TE optimization improved estimation of metabolites, neurotransmitters and their T2's over conventional TE choices, e.g., reducing variances of neurotransmitter concentration by ∼ 40% and metabolite T2 by ∼ 60%. Simultaneous metabolite and neurotransmitter mapping of the brain can be achieved at a nominal resolution of 3.4 × 3.4 × 6.4 mm 3. High-resolution, 3D metabolite T2 mapping was made possible for the first time. The translational potential of the proposed method was demonstrated by mapping biochemical abnormality in a post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) patient. CONCLUSION The feasibility for high-resolution mapping of metabolites/neurotransmitters and metabolite T2's within clinically relevant time was demonstrated. We expect our method to offer richer information for revealing and understanding metabolic alterations in neurological diseases. SIGNIFICANCE A novel multi-TE MRSI approach was presented that enhanced the technological capability of multi-parametric molecular imaging of the brain. The proposed method presents new technology development and application opportunities for providing richer molecular level information to uncover and comprehend metabolic changes relevant in various neurological applications.
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Karkouri J, Rodgers CT. Sequence building block for magnetic resonance spectroscopy on Siemens VE-series scanners. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2024:e5165. [PMID: 38807311 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.5165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
We present a sequence building block (SBB) that embeds magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) into another sequence on the Siemens VE platform without any custom hardware. This enables dynamic studies such as functional MRS (fMRS), dynamic shimming and frequency correction, and acquisition of navigator images for motion correction. The SBB supports nonlocalised spectroscopy (free induction decay), STimulated Echo Acquisition Mode single voxel spectroscopy, and 1D, 2D and 3D phase-encoded chemical shift imaging. It can embed 1H or X-nuclear MRS into a 1H sequence; and 1H-MRS into an X-nuclear sequence. We demonstrate integration into the vendor's gradient-recalled echo sequence. We acquire test data in phantoms with three coils (31P/1H, 13C/1H and 2H/1H) and in two volunteers on a 7-T Terra MRI scanner. Fifteen lines of code are required to insert the SBB into a sequence. Spectra and images are acquired successfully in all cases in phantoms, and in human abdomen and calf muscle. Phantom comparison of signal-to-noise ratio and linewidth showed that the SBB has negligible effects on image and spectral quality, except that it sometimes produces a nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) signal enhancement for multinuclear applications in line with conventional 1H NOE pulses. Our new SBB embeds MRS into a host imaging or spectroscopy sequence in 15 lines of code. It allows homonuclear and heteronuclear interleaving. The package is available through the standard C2P procedure. We hope this will lower the barrier for entry to studies applying dynamic fMRS and for online motion correction and B0-shim updating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jabrane Karkouri
- Wolfson Brain Imaging Center, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Blömer S, Hingerl L, Marjańska M, Bogner W, Motyka S, Hangel G, Klauser A, Andronesi OC, Strasser B. Proton Free Induction Decay MRSI at 7T in the Human Brain Using an Egg-Shaped Modified Rosette K-Space Trajectory. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.03.26.24304840. [PMID: 38645249 PMCID: PMC11027556 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.26.24304840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Purpose 1.1 Proton ( 1 H)-MRSI via spatial-spectral encoding poses high demands on gradient hardware at ultra-high fields and high-resolutions. Rosette trajectories help alleviate these problems, but at reduced SNR-efficiency due to their k-space densities not matching any desired k-space filter. We propose modified rosette trajectories, which more closely match a Hamming filter, and thereby improve SNR performance while still staying within gradient hardware limitations and without prolonging scan time. Methods 1.2Analytical and synthetic simulations were validated with phantom and in vivo measurements at 7 T. The rosette and modified rosette trajectories were measured in five healthy volunteers in six minutes in a 2D slice in the brain. A 3D sequence was measured in one volunteer within 19 minutes. The SNR, linewidth, CRLBs, lipid contamination and data quality of the proposed modified rosette trajectory were compared to the rosette trajectory. Results 1.3Using the modified rosette trajectories, an improved k-space weighting function was achieved resulting in an increase of up to 12% in SNR compared to rosette's dependent on the two additional trajectory parameters. Similar results were achieved for the theoretical SNR calculation based on k-space densities, as well as when using the pseudo-replica method for simulated, in-vivo and phantom data. The CRLBs improved slightly, but non-significantly for the modified rosette trajectories, while the linewidths and lipid contamination remained similar. Conclusion 1.4By improving the rosette trajectory's shape, modified rosette trajectories achieved higher SNR at the same scan time and data quality.
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Robinson SD, Bachrata B, Eckstein K, Bollmann S, Bollmann S, Hodono S, Cloos M, Tourell M, Jin J, O'Brien K, Reutens DC, Trattnig S, Enzinger C, Barth M. Improved dynamic distortion correction for fMRI using single-echo EPI and a readout-reversed first image (REFILL). Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:5095-5112. [PMID: 37548414 PMCID: PMC10502646 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The boundaries between tissues with different magnetic susceptibilities generate inhomogeneities in the main magnetic field which change over time due to motion, respiration and system instabilities. The dynamically changing field can be measured from the phase of the fMRI data and corrected. However, methods for doing so need multi-echo data, time-consuming reference scans and/or involve error-prone processing steps, such as phase unwrapping, which are difficult to implement robustly on the MRI host. The improved dynamic distortion correction method we propose is based on the phase of the single-echo EPI data acquired for fMRI, phase offsets calculated from a triple-echo, bipolar reference scan of circa 3-10 s duration using a method which avoids the need for phase unwrapping and an additional correction derived from one EPI volume in which the readout direction is reversed. This Reverse-Encoded First Image and Low resoLution reference scan (REFILL) approach is shown to accurately measure B0 as it changes due to shim, motion and respiration, even with large dynamic changes to the field at 7 T, where it led to a > 20% increase in time-series signal to noise ratio compared to data corrected with the classic static approach. fMRI results from REFILL-corrected data were free of stimulus-correlated distortion artefacts seen when data were corrected with static field mapping. The method is insensitive to shim changes and eddy current differences between the reference scan and the fMRI time series, and employs calculation steps that are simple and robust, allowing most data processing to be performed in real time on the scanner image reconstruction computer. These improvements make it feasible to routinely perform dynamic distortion correction in fMRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Daniel Robinson
- Centre of Advanced ImagingUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- Department of NeurologyMedical University of GrazGrazAustria
- High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image‐Guided TherapyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Karl Landsteiner Institute for Clinical Molecular MR in Musculoskeletal ImagingViennaAustria
| | - Beata Bachrata
- High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image‐Guided TherapyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Karl Landsteiner Institute for Clinical Molecular MR in Musculoskeletal ImagingViennaAustria
- Department of Medical EngineeringCarinthia University of Applied SciencesKlagenfurtAustria
| | - Korbinian Eckstein
- High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image‐Guided TherapyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Saskia Bollmann
- Centre of Advanced ImagingUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Steffen Bollmann
- School of Information Technology and Electrical EngineeringThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Shota Hodono
- Centre of Advanced ImagingUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology (CIBIT)The University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Martijn Cloos
- Centre of Advanced ImagingUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology (CIBIT)The University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Monique Tourell
- Centre of Advanced ImagingUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- Siemens Healthcare Pty Ltd.BrisbaneAustralia
| | - Jin Jin
- Siemens Healthcare Pty Ltd.BrisbaneAustralia
| | | | - David C. Reutens
- Centre of Advanced ImagingUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology (CIBIT)The University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Siegfried Trattnig
- High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image‐Guided TherapyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | | | - Markus Barth
- Centre of Advanced ImagingUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- School of Information Technology and Electrical EngineeringThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
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Liu H, Autry AW, Larson PEZ, Xu D, Li Y. Atlas-Based Adaptive Hadamard-Encoded MR Spectroscopic Imaging at 3T. Tomography 2023; 9:1592-1602. [PMID: 37736980 PMCID: PMC10514830 DOI: 10.3390/tomography9050127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to develop a time-efficient method of acquiring simultaneous, dual-slice MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) for the evaluation of brain metabolism. METHODS Adaptive Hadamard-encoded pulses were developed and integrated with atlas-based automatic prescription. The excitation profiles were evaluated via simulation, phantom and volunteer experiments. The feasibility of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-edited dual-slice MRSI was also assessed. RESULTS The signal between slices in the dual-band MRSI was less than 1% of the slice profiles. Data from a homemade phantom containing separate, interfacing compartments of creatine and acetate solutions demonstrated ~0.4% acetate signal contamination relative to the amplitude in the excited creatine compartment. The normalized signal-to-noise ratios from atlas-based acquisitions in volunteers were found to be comparable between dual-slice, Hadamard-encoded MRSI and 3D acquisitions. The mean and standard deviation of the coefficients of variation for NAA/Cho from the repeated volunteer scans were 8.2% ± 0.8% and 10.1% ± 3.7% in the top and bottom slices, respectively. GABA-edited, dual-slice MRSI demonstrated simultaneous detection of signals from GABA and coedited macromolecules (GABA+) from both superior grey and deep grey regions of volunteers. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated a fully automated dual-slice MRSI acquisition using atlas-based automatic prescription and adaptive Hadamard-encoded pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Liu
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA (A.W.A.); (P.E.Z.L.); (D.X.)
| | - Adam W. Autry
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA (A.W.A.); (P.E.Z.L.); (D.X.)
| | - Peder E. Z. Larson
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA (A.W.A.); (P.E.Z.L.); (D.X.)
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Duan Xu
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA (A.W.A.); (P.E.Z.L.); (D.X.)
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA (A.W.A.); (P.E.Z.L.); (D.X.)
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Spurny-Dworak B, Reed MB, Handschuh P, Vanicek T, Spies M, Bogner W, Lanzenberger R. The influence of season on glutamate and GABA levels in the healthy human brain investigated by magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:2654-2663. [PMID: 36840505 PMCID: PMC10028653 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Seasonal changes in neurotransmitter systems have been demonstrated in imaging studies and are especially noticeable in diseased states such as seasonal affective disorder (SAD). These modulatory neurotransmitters, such as serotonin, are influencing glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission. Furthermore, central components of the circadian pacemaker are regulated by GABA (the suprachiasmatic nucleus) or glutamate (e.g., the retinohypothalamic tract). Therefore, we explored seasonal differences in the GABAergic and glutamatergic system in 159 healthy individuals using magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging with a GABA-edited 3D-MEGA-LASER sequence at 3T. We quantified GABA+/tCr, GABA+/Glx, and Glx/tCr ratios (GABA+, GABA+ macromolecules; Glx, glutamate + glutamine; tCr, total creatine) in five different subcortical brain regions. Differences between time periods throughout the year, seasonal patterns, and stationarity were tested using ANCOVA models, curve fitting approaches, and unit root and stationarity tests, respectively. Finally, Spearman correlation analyses between neurotransmitter ratios within each brain region and cumulated daylight and global radiation were performed. No seasonal or monthly differences, seasonal patterns, nor significant correlations could be shown in any region or ratio. Unit root and stationarity tests showed stable patterns of GABA+/tCr, GABA+/Glx, and Glx/tCr levels throughout the year, except for hippocampal Glx/tCr. Our results indicate that neurotransmitter levels of glutamate and GABA in healthy individuals are stable throughout the year. Hence, despite the important correction for age and gender in the analyses of MRS derived GABA and glutamate, a correction for seasonality in future studies does not seem necessary. Future investigations in SAD and other psychiatric patients will be of high interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Spurny-Dworak
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health (C3NMH), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M B Reed
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health (C3NMH), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - P Handschuh
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health (C3NMH), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - T Vanicek
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health (C3NMH), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Spies
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health (C3NMH), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - W Bogner
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, High Field MR Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - R Lanzenberger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health (C3NMH), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Ren Q, Wan B, Luo X, Liu Q, Gong H, Li H, Luo M, Xu D, Liu P, Wang J, Yin Z, Li X. Glutamate alterations in the premature infant brain during different gestational ages with glutamate chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging: a pilot study. Eur Radiol 2023; 33:4214-4222. [PMID: 36600123 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-022-09374-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To elucidate the change in glutamate levels in preterm infants at different gestational ages by glutamate chemical exchange saturated transfer (GluCEST) magnetic resonance imaging and to compare the difference in glutamate levels among different brain regions between very early preterm infants and middle and late preterm infants. METHODS Fifty-three preterm infants (59% males; median gestational age = 33.6 weeks) underwent MRI, including conventional MRI and GluCEST. The original data were postprocessed in MATLAB. Correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between the MTRasym and gestational age. The differences in MTRasym signals among different ROIs were statistically analysed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The MTRasym difference of the bilateral hemispherical ROI was compared by a paired T test. RESULTS In all ROIs, glutamate concentration was positively correlated with gestational age. The glutamate concentration in the thalamus was higher than that in the frontal lobe in very early, middle and late preterm infants. A difference in glutamate concentration was not found in the bilateral ROIs. CONCLUSIONS The concentration of glutamate in the brains of preterm infants of different gestational ages increased with gestational age, which may be one of the factors contributing to the higher incidence of neurodevelopmental dysfunction in very early preterm infants compared to that in middle and late preterm infants. Meanwhile, the glutamate concentrations among different brain regions were also diverse. KEY POINTS • The glutamate concentration was positively correlated with gestational age in preterm infants of the brain. • Glutamate concentrations were dissimilar in different brain regions of preterm infants. • Glutamate concentration during the process of brain development in premature infants was not found to be asymmetric.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfa Ren
- School of Medical Imaging, Binzhou Medical University, No. 346 Guanhai Road, Laishan District, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Bin Wan
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Bincheng District, Binzhou, 256600, China
| | - Xunrong Luo
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Chongqing University, No. 181 Hanyu Road, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Quanyuan Liu
- Department of Radiology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Bincheng District, Binzhou, 256600, China
| | - He Gong
- School of Medical Imaging, Binzhou Medical University, No. 346 Guanhai Road, Laishan District, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Hao Li
- School of Medical Imaging, Binzhou Medical University, No. 346 Guanhai Road, Laishan District, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Mingfang Luo
- Department of Radiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Second Section, First Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Donghao Xu
- School of Medical Imaging, Binzhou Medical University, No. 346 Guanhai Road, Laishan District, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Pan Liu
- School of Medical Imaging, Binzhou Medical University, No. 346 Guanhai Road, Laishan District, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Radiology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Bincheng District, Binzhou, 256600, China.
| | - Zhijie Yin
- Department of Radiology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Bincheng District, Binzhou, 256600, China.
| | - Xianglin Li
- School of Medical Imaging, Binzhou Medical University, No. 346 Guanhai Road, Laishan District, Yantai, 264003, China.
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Lopez Kolkovsky AL, Carlier PG, Marty B, Meyerspeer M. Interleaved and simultaneous multi-nuclear magnetic resonance in vivo. Review of principles, applications and potential. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2022; 35:e4735. [PMID: 35352440 PMCID: PMC9542607 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance signals from different nuclei can be excited or received at the same time,rendering simultaneous or rapidly interleaved multi-nuclear acquisitions feasible. The advan-tages are a reduction of total scan time compared to sequential multi-nuclear acquisitions or that additional information from heteronuclear data is obtained at thesame time and anatomical position. Information content can be qualitatively increased by delivering a more comprehensive MR-based picture of a transient state (such as an exercise bout). Also, combiningnon-proton MR acquisitions with 1 Hinformation (e.g., dynamic shim updates and motion correction) can be used to improve data quality during long scans and benefits image coregistration. This work reviews the literature on interleaved and simultaneous multi-nuclear MRI and MRS in vivo. Prominent use cases for this methodology in clinical and research applications are brain and muscle, but studies have also been carried out in other targets, including the lung, knee, breast and heart. Simultaneous multi-nuclear measurements in the liver and kidney have also been performed, but exclusively in rodents. In this review, a consistent nomenclature is proposed, to help clarify the terminology used for this principle throughout the literature on in-vivo MR. An overview covers the basic principles, the technical requirements on the MR scanner and the implementations realised either by MR system vendors or research groups, from the early days until today. Considerations regarding the multi-tuned RF coils required and heteronuclear polarisation interactions are briefly discussed, and fields for future in-vivo applications for interleaved multi-nuclear MR pulse sequences are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo L. Lopez Kolkovsky
- NMR Laboratory, Neuromuscular Investigation CenterInstitute of MyologyParisFrance
- NMR laboratoryCEA, DRF, IBFJParisFrance
| | - Pierre G. Carlier
- NMR Laboratory, Neuromuscular Investigation CenterInstitute of MyologyParisFrance
- NMR laboratoryCEA, DRF, IBFJParisFrance
| | - Benjamin Marty
- NMR Laboratory, Neuromuscular Investigation CenterInstitute of MyologyParisFrance
- NMR laboratoryCEA, DRF, IBFJParisFrance
| | - Martin Meyerspeer
- High‐Field MR Center, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical EngineeringMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
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Spurny-Dworak B, Godbersen GM, Reed MB, Unterholzner J, Vanicek T, Baldinger-Melich P, Hahn A, Kranz GS, Bogner W, Lanzenberger R, Kasper S. The Impact of Theta-Burst Stimulation on Cortical GABA and Glutamate in Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Surface-Based MRSI Analysis Approach. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:913274. [PMID: 35909445 PMCID: PMC9328022 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.913274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Theta burst stimulation (TBS) belongs to one of the biological antidepressant treatment options. When applied bilaterally, excitatory intermittent TBS (iTBS) is commonly targeted to the left and inhibitory continuous TBS (cTBS) to the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. TBS was shown to influence neurotransmitter systems, while iTBS is thought to interfere with glutamatergic circuits and cTBS to mediate GABAergic neurotransmission. Objectives: We aimed to expand insights into the therapeutic effects of TBS on the GABAergic and glutamatergic system utilizing 3D-multivoxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging (MRSI) in combination with a novel surface-based MRSI analysis approach to investigate changes of cortical neurotransmitter levels in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Methods: Twelve TRD patients (five females, mean age ± SD = 35 ± 11 years) completed paired MRSI measurements, using a GABA-edited 3D-multivoxel MEGA-LASER sequence, before and after 3 weeks of bilateral TBS treatment. Changes in cortical distributions of GABA+/tNAA (GABA+macromolecules relative to total N-acetylaspartate) and Glx/tNAA (Glx = mixed signal of glutamate and glutamine), were investigated in a surface-based region-of-interest (ROI) analysis approach. Results: ANCOVAs revealed a significant increase in Glx/tNAA ratios in the left caudal middle frontal area (pcorr. = 0.046, F = 13.292), an area targeted by iTBS treatment. Whereas, contralateral treatment with cTBS evoked no alterations in glutamate or GABA concentrations. Conclusion: This study demonstrates surface-based adaptions in the stimulation area to the glutamate metabolism after excitatory iTBS but not after cTBS, using a novel surface-based analysis of 3D-MRSI data. The reported impact of facilitatory iTBS on glutamatergic neurotransmission provides further insight into the neurobiological effects of TBS in TRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Spurny-Dworak
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Murray Bruce Reed
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jakob Unterholzner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Vanicek
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Pia Baldinger-Melich
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Hahn
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg S. Kranz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wolfgang Bogner
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, High Field MR Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rupert Lanzenberger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- *Correspondence: Rupert Lanzenberger Siegfried Kasper
| | - Siegfried Kasper
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- *Correspondence: Rupert Lanzenberger Siegfried Kasper
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Koush Y, Rothman DL, Behar KL, de Graaf RA, Hyder F. Human brain functional MRS reveals interplay of metabolites implicated in neurotransmission and neuroenergetics. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2022; 42:911-934. [PMID: 35078383 PMCID: PMC9125492 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x221076570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
While functional MRI (fMRI) localizes brain activation and deactivation, functional MRS (fMRS) provides insights into the underlying metabolic conditions. There is much interest in measuring task-induced and resting levels of metabolites implicated in neuroenergetics (e.g., lactate, glucose, or β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB)) and neurotransmission (e.g., γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) or pooled glutamate and glutamine (Glx)). Ultra-high magnetic field (e.g., 7T) has boosted the fMRS quantification precision, reliability, and stability of spectroscopic observations using short echo-time (TE) 1H-MRS techniques. While short TE 1H-MRS lacks sensitivity and specificity for fMRS at lower magnetic fields (e.g., 3T or 4T), most of these metabolites can also be detected by J-difference editing (JDE) 1H-MRS with longer TE to filter overlapping resonances. The 1H-MRS studies show that JDE can detect GABA, Glx, lactate, and BHB at 3T, 4T and 7T. Most recently, it has also been demonstrated that JDE 1H-MRS is capable of reliable detection of metabolic changes in different brain areas at various magnetic fields. Combining fMRS measurements with fMRI is important for understanding normal brain function, but also clinically relevant for mechanisms and/or biomarkers of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. We provide an up-to-date overview of fMRS research in the last three decades, both in terms of applications and technological advances. Overall the emerging fMRS techniques can be expected to contribute substantially to our understanding of metabolism for brain function and dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yury Koush
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Douglas L Rothman
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kevin L Behar
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Robin A de Graaf
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Fahmeed Hyder
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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11
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Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
Gliomas, the most common primary brain tumours, have recently been re-classified incorporating molecular aspects with important clinical, prognostic, and predictive implications. Concurrently, the reprogramming of metabolism, altering intracellular and extracellular metabolites affecting gene expression, differentiation, and the tumour microenvironment, is increasingly being studied, and alterations in metabolic pathways are becoming hallmarks of cancer. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a complementary, non-invasive technique capable of quantifying multiple metabolites. The aim of this review focuses on the methodology and analysis techniques in proton MRS (1H MRS), including a brief look at X-nuclei MRS, and on its perspectives for diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in gliomas in both clinical practice and preclinical research.
Methods
PubMed literature research was performed cross-linking the following key words: glioma, MRS, brain, in-vivo, human, animal model, clinical, pre-clinical, techniques, sequences, 1H, X-nuclei, Artificial Intelligence (AI), hyperpolarization.
Results
We selected clinical works (n = 51), preclinical studies (n = 35) and AI MRS application papers (n = 15) published within the last two decades. The methodological papers (n = 62) were taken into account since the technique first description.
Conclusions
Given the development of treatments targeting specific cancer metabolic pathways, MRS could play a key role in allowing non-invasive assessment for patient diagnosis and stratification, predicting and monitoring treatment responses and prognosis. The characterization of gliomas through MRS will benefit of a wide synergy among scientists and clinicians of different specialties within the context of new translational competences. Head coils, MRI hardware and post-processing analysis progress, advances in research, experts’ consensus recommendations and specific professionalizing programs will make the technique increasingly trustworthy, responsive, accessible.
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12
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Spurny-Dworak B, Handschuh P, Spies M, Kaufmann U, Seiger R, Klöbl M, Konadu ME, Reed MB, Ritter V, Baldinger-Melich P, Bogner W, Kranz GS, Lanzenberger R. Effects of sex hormones on brain GABA and glutamate levels in a cis- and transgender cohort. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2022; 138:105683. [PMID: 35176535 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Sex hormones affect the GABAergic and glutamatergic neurotransmitter system as demonstrated in animal studies. However, human research has mostly been correlational in nature. Here, we aimed at substantiating causal interpretations of the interaction between sex hormones and neurotransmitter function by using magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging (MRSI) to study the effect of gender-affirming hormone treatment (GHT) in transgender individuals. Fifteen trans men (TM) with a DSM-5 diagnosis of gender dysphoria, undergoing GHT, and 15 age-matched cisgender women (CW), receiving no therapy, underwent MRSI before and after at least 12 weeks. Additionally, sex differences in neurotransmitter levels were evaluated in an independent sample of 80 cisgender men and 79 cisgender women. Mean GABA+ (combination of GABA and macromolecules) and Glx (combination of glutamate and glutamine) ratios to total creatine (GABA+/tCr, Glx/tCr) were calculated in five predefined regions-of-interest (hippocampus, insula, pallidum, putamen and thalamus). Linear mixed models analysis revealed a significant measurement by gender identity effect (pcorr. = 0.048) for GABA+/tCr ratios in the hippocampus, with the TM cohort showing decreased GABA+/tCr levels after GHT compared to CW. Moreover, analysis of covariance showed a significant sex difference in insula GABA+/tCr ratios (pcorr. = 0.049), indicating elevated GABA levels in cisgender women compared to cisgender men. Our study demonstrates GHT treatment-induced GABA+/tCr reductions in the hippocampus, indicating hormone receptor activation on GABAergic cells and testosterone-induced neuroplastic processes within the hippocampus. Moreover, elevated GABA levels in the female compared to the male insula highlight the importance of including sex as factor in future MRS studies. DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT: Due to data protection laws processed data is available from the authors upon reasonable request. Please contact rupert.lanzenberger@meduniwien.ac.at with any questions or requests.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Spurny-Dworak
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - P Handschuh
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - M Spies
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - U Kaufmann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - R Seiger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - M Klöbl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - M E Konadu
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - M B Reed
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - V Ritter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - P Baldinger-Melich
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - W Bogner
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, High Field MR Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - G S Kranz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China.
| | - R Lanzenberger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
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13
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Gagoski B, Xu J, Wighton P, Tisdall MD, Frost R, Lo WC, Golland P, van der Kouwe A, Adalsteinsson E, Grant PE. Automated detection and reacquisition of motion-degraded images in fetal HASTE imaging at 3 T. Magn Reson Med 2021; 87:1914-1922. [PMID: 34888942 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Fetal brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging suffers from unpredictable and unconstrained fetal motion that causes severe image artifacts even with half-Fourier single-shot fast spin echo (HASTE) readouts. This work presents the implementation of a closed-loop pipeline that automatically detects and reacquires HASTE images that were degraded by fetal motion without any human interaction. METHODS A convolutional neural network that performs automatic image quality assessment (IQA) was run on an external GPU-equipped computer that was connected to the internal network of the MRI scanner. The modified HASTE pulse sequence sent each image to the external computer, where the IQA convolutional neural network evaluated it, and then the IQA score was sent back to the sequence. At the end of the HASTE stack, the IQA scores from all the slices were sorted, and only slices with the lowest scores (corresponding to the slices with worst image quality) were reacquired. RESULTS The closed-loop HASTE acquisition framework was tested on 10 pregnant mothers, for a total of 73 acquisitions of our modified HASTE sequence. The IQA convolutional neural network, which was successfully employed by our modified sequence in real time, achieved an accuracy of 85.2% and area under the receiver operator characteristic of 0.899. CONCLUSION The proposed acquisition/reconstruction pipeline was shown to successfully identify and automatically reacquire only the motion degraded fetal brain HASTE slices in the prescribed stack. This minimizes the overall time spent on HASTE acquisitions by avoiding the need to repeat the entire stack if only few slices in the stack are motion-degraded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borjan Gagoski
- Fetal Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Junshen Xu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paul Wighton
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - M Dylan Tisdall
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert Frost
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wei-Ching Lo
- Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Polina Golland
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andre van der Kouwe
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elfar Adalsteinsson
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - P Ellen Grant
- Fetal Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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14
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Platt T, Ladd ME, Paech D. 7 Tesla and Beyond: Advanced Methods and Clinical Applications in Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Invest Radiol 2021; 56:705-725. [PMID: 34510098 PMCID: PMC8505159 DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000000820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Ultrahigh magnetic fields offer significantly higher signal-to-noise ratio, and several magnetic resonance applications additionally benefit from a higher contrast-to-noise ratio, with static magnetic field strengths of B0 ≥ 7 T currently being referred to as ultrahigh fields (UHFs). The advantages of UHF can be used to resolve structures more precisely or to visualize physiological/pathophysiological effects that would be difficult or even impossible to detect at lower field strengths. However, with these advantages also come challenges, such as inhomogeneities applying standard radiofrequency excitation techniques, higher energy deposition in the human body, and enhanced B0 field inhomogeneities. The advantages but also the challenges of UHF as well as promising advanced methodological developments and clinical applications that particularly benefit from UHF are discussed in this review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Platt
- From the Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)
| | - Mark E. Ladd
- From the Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg
- Erwin L. Hahn Institute for MRI, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen
| | - Daniel Paech
- Division of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg
- Clinic for Neuroradiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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15
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Kantorová E, Hnilicová P, Bogner W, Grendár M, Grossmann J, Kováčová S, Hečková E, Strasser B, Čierny D, Zeleňák K, Kurča E. Neurocognitive performance in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients is associated with metabolic abnormalities of the thalamus but not the hippocampus- GABA-edited 1H MRS study. Neurol Res 2021; 44:57-64. [PMID: 34313578 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2021.1956282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease that may cause physical disabling as well as cognitive dysfunction. The presented study investigated how the neuropsychological status depends on the thalamus and hippocampus's metabolic processes, using γ-aminobutyric acid-edited magnetic resonance spectroscopy (GABA-edited 1H MRS) in patients with early MS, and how the results differ from healthy volunteers. METHODS We recruited 36 relapsing-remitting (RRMS) MS patients and 22 controls (CON). In addition to common 1H MRS metabolites, such as N-acetyl-aspartate (tNAA), myoinositol (mIns), total choline and creatine (tCr, tCho), we also evaluated GABA and glutamate/glutamine (Glx). Metabolite ratios were correlated with the results of Single-Digit Modality Test (SDMT) and Expanded Disability Status Score (EDSS). RESULTS In the thalamus, GABA ratios (GABA/tCr, GABA/tNAA) were significantly lower in RRMS patients than in CON. Both tCho- and mIns-ratios correlated with lower scores of SDMT but not with EDSS. Metabolic ratios in the hippocampus did not differ between RRMS and CON and did not correlate with any of performed tests. DISCUSSION This study is the first to provide GABA-edited 1H MRS evidence for MS-related metabolic changes of the thalamus and hippocampus. The findings underline the importance of evaluating subcortical grey matter in MS patients to improve understanding of the clinical manifestations of MS and as a potential future target for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ema Kantorová
- Clinic of Neurology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Petra Hnilicová
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Wolfgang Bogner
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, High-field MR Center, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Marián Grendár
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Ján Grossmann
- Clinic of Neurology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Slavomíra Kováčová
- Clinic of Neurology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Eva Hečková
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, High-field MR Center, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Strasser
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, High-field MR Center, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Čierny
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Kamil Zeleňák
- Clinic of Radiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Egon Kurča
- Clinic of Neurology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
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16
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Cudalbu C, Behar KL, Bhattacharyya PK, Bogner W, Borbath T, de Graaf RA, Gruetter R, Henning A, Juchem C, Kreis R, Lee P, Lei H, Marjańska M, Mekle R, Murali-Manohar S, Považan M, Rackayová V, Simicic D, Slotboom J, Soher BJ, Starčuk Z, Starčuková J, Tkáč I, Williams S, Wilson M, Wright AM, Xin L, Mlynárik V. Contribution of macromolecules to brain 1 H MR spectra: Experts' consensus recommendations. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4393. [PMID: 33236818 PMCID: PMC10072289 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Proton MR spectra of the brain, especially those measured at short and intermediate echo times, contain signals from mobile macromolecules (MM). A description of the main MM is provided in this consensus paper. These broad peaks of MM underlie the narrower peaks of metabolites and often complicate their quantification but they also may have potential importance as biomarkers in specific diseases. Thus, separation of broad MM signals from low molecular weight metabolites enables accurate determination of metabolite concentrations and is of primary interest in many studies. Other studies attempt to understand the origin of the MM spectrum, to decompose it into individual spectral regions or peaks and to use the components of the MM spectrum as markers of various physiological or pathological conditions in biomedical research or clinical practice. The aim of this consensus paper is to provide an overview and some recommendations on how to handle the MM signals in different types of studies together with a list of open issues in the field, which are all summarized at the end of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Cudalbu
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Kevin L Behar
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center and Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Wolfgang Bogner
- High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Clinical Molecular MR Imaging, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tamas Borbath
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance, Max-Planck-Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
- Faculty of Science, Eberhard-Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robin A de Graaf
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Rolf Gruetter
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anke Henning
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance, Max-Planck-Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, Germany
| | - Christoph Juchem
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Radiology, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Roland Kreis
- Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Phil Lee
- Department of Radiology, Hoglund Brain Imaging Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Hongxia Lei
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Małgorzata Marjańska
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ralf Mekle
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin (CSB), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Saipavitra Murali-Manohar
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance, Max-Planck-Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
- Faculty of Science, Eberhard-Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michal Považan
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Veronika Rackayová
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dunja Simicic
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Slotboom
- University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Bern and Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Brian J Soher
- Center for Advanced MR Development, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Zenon Starčuk
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Scientific Instruments, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Starčuková
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Scientific Instruments, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Tkáč
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Stephen Williams
- Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Science, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Martin Wilson
- Centre for Human Brain Health and School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Andrew Martin Wright
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance, Max-Planck-Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
- IMPRS for Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience, Eberhard-Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lijing Xin
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Vladimír Mlynárik
- High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Clinical Molecular MR Imaging, Vienna, Austria
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17
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Bogner W, Otazo R, Henning A. Accelerated MR spectroscopic imaging-a review of current and emerging techniques. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4314. [PMID: 32399974 PMCID: PMC8244067 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Over more than 30 years in vivo MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) has undergone an enormous evolution from theoretical concepts in the early 1980s to the robust imaging technique that it is today. The development of both fast and efficient sampling and reconstruction techniques has played a fundamental role in this process. State-of-the-art MRSI has grown from a slow purely phase-encoded acquisition technique to a method that today combines the benefits of different acceleration techniques. These include shortening of repetition times, spatial-spectral encoding, undersampling of k-space and time domain, and use of spatial-spectral prior knowledge in the reconstruction. In this way in vivo MRSI has considerably advanced in terms of spatial coverage, spatial resolution, acquisition speed, artifact suppression, number of detectable metabolites and quantification precision. Acceleration not only has been the enabling factor in high-resolution whole-brain 1 H-MRSI, but today is also common in non-proton MRSI (31 P, 2 H and 13 C) and applied in many different organs. In this process, MRSI techniques had to constantly adapt, but have also benefitted from the significant increase of magnetic field strength boosting the signal-to-noise ratio along with high gradient fidelity and high-density receive arrays. In combination with recent trends in image reconstruction and much improved computation power, these advances led to a number of novel developments with respect to MRSI acceleration. Today MRSI allows for non-invasive and non-ionizing mapping of the spatial distribution of various metabolites' tissue concentrations in animals or humans, is applied for clinical diagnostics and has been established as an important tool for neuro-scientific and metabolism research. This review highlights the developments of the last five years and puts them into the context of earlier MRSI acceleration techniques. In addition to 1 H-MRSI it also includes other relevant nuclei and is not limited to certain body regions or specific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Bogner
- High‐Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image‐Guided TherapyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Ricardo Otazo
- Department of Medical PhysicsMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew York, New YorkUSA
| | - Anke Henning
- Max Planck Institute for Biological CyberneticsTübingenGermany
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTexasUSA
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18
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Posse S, Sa De La Rocque Guimaraes B, Hutchins-Delgado T, Vakamudi K, Fotso Tagne K, Moeller S, Dager SR. On the acquisition of the water signal during water suppression: High-speed MR spectroscopic imaging with water referencing and concurrent functional MRI. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4261. [PMID: 31999397 PMCID: PMC7390701 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the utility of concurrent water signal acquisition as part of the water suppression in MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI), to allow simultaneous water referencing for metabolite quantification, and to concurrently acquire functional MRI (fMRI) data. We integrated a spatial-spectral binomial water excitation RF pulse and a short spatial-spectral echo-planar readout into the water suppression module of 2D and 3D proton-echo-planar-spectroscopic-imaging (PEPSI) with a voxel size as small as 4 x 4 x 6 mm3 . Metabolite quantification in reference to tissue water was validated in healthy controls for different prelocalization methods (spin-echo, PRESS and semi-LASER) and the clinical feasibility of a 3-minute 3D semi-Laser PEPSI scan (TR/TE: 1250/32 ms) with water referencing in patients with brain tumors was demonstrated. Spectral quality, SNR, Cramer-Rao-lower-bounds and water suppression efficiency were comparable with conventional PEPSI. Metabolite concentration values in reference to tissue water, using custom LCModel-based spectral fitting with relaxation correction, were in the range of previous studies and independent of the prelocalization method used. Next, we added a phase-encoding undersampled echo-volumar imaging (EVI) module during water suppression to concurrently acquire metabolite maps with water referencing and fMRI data during task execution and resting state in healthy controls. Integration of multimodal signal acquisition prolongated minimum TR by less than 50 ms on average. Visual and motor activation in concurrent fMRI/MRSI (TR: 1250-1500 ms, voxel size: 4 x 4 x 6 mm3 ) was readily detectable in single-task blocks with percent signal change comparable with conventional fMRI. Resting-state connectivity in sensory and motor networks was detectable in 4 minutes. This hybrid water suppression approach for multimodal imaging has the potential to significantly reduce scan time and extend neuroscience research and clinical applications through concurrent quantitative MRSI and fMRI acquisitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Posse
- Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Bruno Sa De La Rocque Guimaraes
- Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | | | - Kishore Vakamudi
- Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Kevin Fotso Tagne
- Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Steen Moeller
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Stephen R Dager
- Departments of Radiology and Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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19
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Ma RE, Murdoch JB, Bogner W, Andronesi O, Dydak U. Atlas-based GABA mapping with 3D MEGA-MRSI: Cross-correlation to single-voxel MRS. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4275. [PMID: 32078755 PMCID: PMC7438238 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this work is to develop and validate a new atlas-based metabolite quantification pipeline for edited magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MEGA-MRSI) that enables group comparisons of brain structure-specific GABA levels. By using brain structure masks segmented from high-resolution MPRAGE images and coregistering these to MEGA-LASER 3D MRSI data, an automated regional quantification of neurochemical levels is demonstrated for the example of the thalamus. Thalamic gamma-aminobutyric acid + coedited macromolecules (GABA+) levels from 21 healthy subjects scanned at 3 T were cross-validated both against a single-voxel MEGA-PRESS acquisition in the same subjects and same scan sessions, as well as alternative MRSI processing techniques (ROI approach, four-voxel approach) using Pearson correlation analysis. In addition, reproducibility was compared across the MRSI processing techniques in test-retest data from 14 subjects. The atlas-based approach showed a significant correlation with SV MEGA-PRESS (correlation coefficient r [GABA+] = 0.63, P < 0.0001). However, the actual values for GABA+, NAA, tCr, GABA+/tCr and tNAA/tCr obtained from the atlas-based approach showed an offset to SV MEGA-PRESS levels, likely due to the fact that on average the thalamus mask used for the atlas-based approach only occupied 30% of the SVS volume, ie, somewhat different anatomies were sampled. Furthermore, the new atlas-based approach showed highly reproducible GABA+/tCr values with a low median coefficient of variance of 6.3%. In conclusion, the atlas-based metabolite quantification approach enables a more brain structure-specific comparison of GABA+ and other neurochemical levels across populations, even when using an MRSI technique with only cm-level resolution. This approach was successfully cross-validated against the typically used SVS technique as well as other different MRSI analysis methods, indicating the robustness of this quantification approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyun E. Ma
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Wolfgang Bogner
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ovidiu Andronesi
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ulrike Dydak
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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20
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Maudsley AA, Andronesi OC, Barker PB, Bizzi A, Bogner W, Henning A, Nelson SJ, Posse S, Shungu DC, Soher BJ. Advanced magnetic resonance spectroscopic neuroimaging: Experts' consensus recommendations. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4309. [PMID: 32350978 PMCID: PMC7606742 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) offers considerable promise for monitoring metabolic alterations associated with disease or injury; however, to date, these methods have not had a significant impact on clinical care, and their use remains largely confined to the research community and a limited number of clinical sites. The MRSI methods currently implemented on clinical MRI instruments have remained essentially unchanged for two decades, with only incremental improvements in sequence implementation. During this time, a number of technological developments have taken place that have already greatly benefited the quality of MRSI measurements within the research community and which promise to bring advanced MRSI studies to the point where the technique becomes a true imaging modality, while making the traditional review of individual spectra a secondary requirement. Furthermore, the increasing use of biomedical MR spectroscopy studies has indicated clinical areas where advanced MRSI methods can provide valuable information for clinical care. In light of this rapidly changing technological environment and growing understanding of the value of MRSI studies for biomedical studies, this article presents a consensus from a group of experts in the field that reviews the state-of-the-art for clinical proton MRSI studies of the human brain, recommends minimal standards for further development of vendor-provided MRSI implementations, and identifies areas which need further technical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew A Maudsley
- Department of Radiology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Ovidiu C Andronesi
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Peter B Barker
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and the Kennedy Krieger Institute, F.M. Kirby Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Alberto Bizzi
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Wolfgang Bogner
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anke Henning
- Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Sarah J Nelson
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Stefan Posse
- Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Dikoma C Shungu
- Department of Neuroradiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Brian J Soher
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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21
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Andronesi OC, Bhattacharyya PK, Bogner W, Choi IY, Hess AT, Lee P, Meintjes E, Tisdall MD, Zaitzev M, van der Kouwe A. Motion correction methods for MRS: experts' consensus recommendations. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4364. [PMID: 33089547 PMCID: PMC7855523 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Long acquisition times due to intrinsically low signal-to-noise ratio and the need for highly homogeneous B0 field make MRS particularly susceptible to motion or scanner instability compared with MRI. Motion-induced changes in both localization and shimming (ie B0 homogeneity) degrade MRS data quality. To mitigate the effects of motion three approaches can be employed: (1) subject immobilization, (2) retrospective correction, and (3) prospective real-time correction using internal and/or external tracking methods. Prospective real-time correction methods can simultaneously update localization and the B0 field to improve MRS data quality. While localization errors can be corrected with both internal (navigators) and external (optical camera, NMR probes) tracking methods, the B0 field correction requires internal navigator methods to measure the B0 field inside the imaged volume and the possibility to update the scanner shim hardware in real time. Internal and external tracking can rapidly update the MRS localization with submillimeter and subdegree precision, while scanner frequency and first-order shims of scanner hardware can be updated by internal methods every sequence repetition. These approaches are most well developed for neuroimaging, for which rigid transformation is primarily applicable. Real-time correction greatly improves the stability of MRS acquisition and quantification, as shown in clinical studies on subjects prone to motion, including children and patients with movement disorders, enabling robust measurement of metabolite signals including those with low concentrations, such as gamma-aminobutyric acid and glutathione. Thus, motion correction is recommended for MRS users and calls for tighter integration and wider availability of such methods by MR scanner manufacturers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ovidiu C. Andronesi
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Corresponding Author: Ovidiu C. Andronesi, MD, PhD, Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Thirteenth Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA;
| | | | - Wolfgang Bogner
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - In-Young Choi
- Department of Neurology, Hoglund Biomedical Imaging Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Aaron T. Hess
- University of Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford
| | - Phil Lee
- Department of Radiology, Hoglund Biomedical Imaging Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Ernesta Meintjes
- UCT Medical Imaging Research Unit, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town
| | - M. Dylan Tisdall
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Maxim Zaitzev
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- High Field Magnetic Resonance Center, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - André van der Kouwe
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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22
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Choi IY, Andronesi OC, Barker P, Bogner W, Edden RAE, Kaiser LG, Lee P, Marjańska M, Terpstra M, de Graaf RA. Spectral editing in 1 H magnetic resonance spectroscopy: Experts' consensus recommendations. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4411. [PMID: 32946145 PMCID: PMC8557623 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Spectral editing in in vivo 1 H-MRS provides an effective means to measure low-concentration metabolite signals that cannot be reliably measured by conventional MRS techniques due to signal overlap, for example, γ-aminobutyric acid, glutathione and D-2-hydroxyglutarate. Spectral editing strategies utilize known J-coupling relationships within the metabolite of interest to discriminate their resonances from overlying signals. This consensus recommendation paper provides a brief overview of commonly used homonuclear editing techniques and considerations for data acquisition, processing and quantification. Also, we have listed the experts' recommendations for minimum requirements to achieve adequate spectral editing and reliable quantification. These include selecting the right editing sequence, dealing with frequency drift, handling unwanted coedited resonances, spectral fitting of edited spectra, setting up multicenter clinical trials and recommending sequence parameters to be reported in publications.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Young Choi
- Department of Neurology, Hoglund Biomedical Imaging Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Ovidiu C Andronesi
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Peter Barker
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, F. M. Kirby Center for Functional MRI, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Wolfgang Bogner
- High-field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Richard A E Edden
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, F. M. Kirby Center for Functional MRI, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Lana G Kaiser
- Henry H. Wheeler, Jr. Brain Imaging Center, University of California, Berkeley, California
| | - Phil Lee
- Department of Radiology, Hoglund Biomedical Imaging Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Małgorzata Marjańska
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Melissa Terpstra
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Robin A de Graaf
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
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Koush Y, de Graaf RA, Kupers R, Dricot L, Ptito M, Behar KL, Rothman DL, Hyder F. Metabolic underpinnings of activated and deactivated cortical areas in human brain. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2021; 41:986-1000. [PMID: 33472521 PMCID: PMC8054719 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x21989186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Neuroimaging with functional MRI (fMRI) identifies activated and deactivated brain regions in task-based paradigms. These patterns of (de)activation are altered in diseases, motivating research to understand their underlying biochemical/biophysical mechanisms. Essentially, it remains unknown how aerobic metabolism of glucose to lactate (aerobic glycolysis) and excitatory-inhibitory balance of glutamatergic and GABAergic neuronal activities vary in these areas. In healthy volunteers, we investigated metabolic distinctions of activating visual cortex (VC, a task-positive area) using a visual task and deactivating posterior cingulate cortex (PCC, a task-negative area) using a cognitive task. We used fMRI-guided J-edited functional MRS (fMRS) to measure lactate, glutamate plus glutamine (Glx) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), as indicators of aerobic glycolysis and excitatory-inhibitory balance, respectively. Both lactate and Glx increased upon activating VC, but did not change upon deactivating PCC. Basal GABA was negatively correlated with BOLD responses in both brain areas, but during functional tasks GABA decreased in VC upon activation and GABA increased in PCC upon deactivation, suggesting BOLD responses in relation to baseline are impacted oppositely by task-induced inhibition. In summary, opposite relations between BOLD response and GABAergic inhibition, and increases in aerobic glycolysis and glutamatergic activity distinguish the BOLD response in (de)activated areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yury Koush
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Robin A de Graaf
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ron Kupers
- BRAINlab, Department of Neuroscience, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Laurence Dricot
- Institute of NeuroScience (IoNS), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Belgium
| | - Maurice Ptito
- School of Optometry, Université de Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Kevin L Behar
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Douglas L Rothman
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Fahmeed Hyder
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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24
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Kantorová E, Hnilicová P, Bogner W, Grendár M, Čierny D, Hečková E, Strasser B, Ružinák R, Zeleňák K, Kurča E. Positivity of oligoclonal bands in the cerebrospinal fluid predisposed to metabolic changes and rearrangement of inhibitory/excitatory neurotransmitters in subcortical brain structures in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2021; 52:102978. [PMID: 34015640 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.102978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The latest diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis (MS) have revitalized the role of oligoclonal bands synthesis in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF-OCB). This study identifies predictors of CSF-OCB-positivity among in vivo metabolic markers in the subcortical gray/white matter in MS patients after their first episode (CIS) and in patients with relapsing-remitting course (RRMS). METHODS The study enrolled 13 CIS and 23 RRMS patients. Metabolism was evaluated using Mescher-Garwood-edited proton-magnetic resonance spectroscopy on a 3T MR scanner. In addition to N-acetyl-aspartate (tNAA), myoinositol (mIns), and choline- and creatine compounds (tCho, tCr) were also evaluated γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate-glutamine (Glx) ratios. RESULTS CSF-OCB-positivity was found in 76.9% of CIS and 78.2% of RRMS patients. GABA and Glx ratios in putamen and corpus callosum strongly determined CSF-OCB-positive CIS patients. Other essential predictors of CSF-OCB-positive CIS were mIns and Glx ratios in the putamen, and tCho/tNAA in the corpus callosum. In RRMS, GABA ratios in the right thalamus and Glx ratios in the left hippocampus strongly predicted CSF-OCB-positive patients. tCho/tNAA and tNAA/tCr in the left hippocampus were also identified as essential predictors of CSF-OCB-positive RRMS patients. CONCLUSION This is the first in vivo evidence of GABA-Glx rearrangement in CSF-OCB-positive patients since its early stages of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ema Kantorová
- Clinic of Neurology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia.
| | - Petra Hnilicová
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia.
| | - Wolfgang Bogner
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, High-field MR Center, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Marián Grendár
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia.
| | - Daniel Čierny
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia.
| | - Eva Hečková
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, High-field MR Center, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Bernhard Strasser
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, High-field MR Center, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Róbert Ružinák
- Clinic of Neurology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia.
| | - Kamil Zeleňák
- Clinic of Radiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia.
| | - Egon Kurča
- Clinic of Neurology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia.
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25
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Poblador Rodriguez E, Moser P, Auno S, Eckstein K, Dymerska B, van der Kouwe A, Gruber S, Trattnig S, Bogner W. Real-time motion and retrospective coil sensitivity correction for CEST using volumetric navigators (vNavs) at 7T. Magn Reson Med 2021; 85:1909-1923. [PMID: 33165952 PMCID: PMC7839562 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the impact of temporal motion-induced coil sensitivity changes on CEST-MRI at 7T and its correction using interleaved volumetric EPI navigators, which are applied for real-time motion correction. METHODS Five healthy volunteers were scanned via CEST. A 4-fold correction pipeline allowed the mitigation of (1) motion, (2) motion-induced coil sensitivity variations, ΔB1- , (3) motion-induced static magnetic field inhomogeneities, ΔB0 , and (4) spatially varying transmit RF field fluctuations, ΔB1+ . Four CEST measurements were performed per session. For the first 2, motion correction was turned OFF and then ON in absence of voluntary motion, whereas in the other 2 controlled head rotations were performed. During post-processing ΔB1- was removed additionally for the motion-corrected cases, resulting in a total of 6 scenarios to be compared. In all cases, retrospective ∆B0 and - ΔB1+ corrections were performed to compute artifact-free magnetization transfer ratio maps with asymmetric analysis (MTRasym ). RESULTS Dynamic ΔB1- correction successfully mitigated signal deviations caused by head motion. In 2 frontal lobe regions of volunteer 4, induced relative signal errors of 10.9% and 3.9% were reduced to 1.1% and 1.0% after correction. In the right frontal lobe, the motion-corrected MTRasym contrast deviated 0.92%, 1.21%, and 2.97% relative to the static case for Δω = 1, 2, 3 ± 0.25 ppm. The additional application of ΔB1- correction reduced these deviations to 0.10%, 0.14%, and 0.42%. The fully corrected MTRasym values were highly consistent between measurements with and without intended head rotations. CONCLUSION Temporal ΔB1- cause significant CEST quantification bias. The presented correction pipeline including the proposed retrospective ΔB1- correction significantly reduced motion-related artifacts on CEST-MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esau Poblador Rodriguez
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Moser
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sami Auno
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Korbinian Eckstein
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Dymerska
- Medical Physics and Bioengineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andre van der Kouwe
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stephan Gruber
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Siegfried Trattnig
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Clinical Molecular MR Imaging, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Bogner
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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26
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Marsman A, Lind A, Petersen ET, Andersen M, Boer VO. Prospective frequency and motion correction for edited 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Neuroimage 2021; 233:117922. [PMID: 33662573 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.117922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The major inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and the dominant antioxidant glutathione (GSH) both play a crucial role in brain functioning and are involved in several neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a unique way to measure these neurometabolites non-invasively, but the measurement is highly sensitive to head movements, and especially in specific patient groups, motion stabilization in MRS could be valuable. Conventional MRS is acquired at relatively short echo times (TE), however, for unambiguous detection of GABA and GSH, spectral editing techniques are typically used. These depend on longer TEs and use frequency selective spectral editing pulses to separate the low-intensity peaks of GABA and GSH from overlapping resonances, but results in further increased motion sensitivity. Low-intensity metabolite peaks are usually edited one-by-one, however, simultaneous editing of multiple metabolites can be achieved using a Hadamard scheme, resulting in a substantial reduction in scan time. To investigate and correct for motion sensitivity in both conventional short-TE MRS (PRESS) and edited MRS (HERMES), we implemented a navigator-based prospective motion correction strategy including reacquisition of corrupted data. PRESS and HERMES spectra were acquired without motion, with motion with correction (repeated twice), and with motion without correction. Results indicate that when sufficient retrospective outlier removal is used, no significant differences in concentration and spectral quality were observed between motion conditions, even without prospective correction. HERMES spectral editing data showed to be more sensitive to motion, as significant differences in metabolite estimates and variability of spectral quality measures were observed for tCr, GABA+ and GSH when only retrospective outlier removal was applied. When using both prospective and retrospective correction, spectral quality was improved to almost the level of the no-motion acquisition. No differences in metabolite ratios for GABA and GSH could be observed when using motion correction. In conclusion, edited MRS showed to be more prone to motion artifacts, and prospective motion correction can restore most of the spectral quality in both conventional and edited MRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk Marsman
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark.
| | - Anna Lind
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Esben Thade Petersen
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark; Center for Magnetic Resonance, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Vincent Oltman Boer
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
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Effects of SSRI treatment on GABA and glutamate levels in an associative relearning paradigm. Neuroimage 2021; 232:117913. [PMID: 33657450 PMCID: PMC7610796 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.117913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired cognitive flexibility represents a widespread symptom in psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD), a disease, characterized by an imbalance of neuro-transmitter concentrations. While memory formation is mostly associated with glutamate, also gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) and serotonin show attributions in a complex interplay between neurotransmitter systems. Treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) does not solely affect the serotonergic system but shows downstream effects on GABA- and glutamatergic neurotransmission, potentially helping to restore cognitive function via neuroplastic effects. Hence, this study aims to elaborate the effects of associative relearning and SSRI treatment on GABAergic and glutamatergic function within and between five brain regions using magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging (MRSI). In this study, healthy subjects were randomized into four groups which underwent three weeks of an associative relearning paradigm, with or without emotional connotation, under SSRI (10mg escitalopram) or placebo administration. MRSI measurements, using a spiral-encoded, 3D-GABA-edited MEGA-LASER sequence at 3T, were performed on the first and last day of relearning. Mean GABA+/tCr (GABA+ = GABA + macromolecules; tCr = total creatine) and Glx/tCr (Glx = glutamate + glutamine) ratios were quantified in a ROI-based approach for the hippocampus, insula, putamen, pallidum and thalamus, using LCModel. A total of 66 subjects ((37 female, mean age ± SD = 25.4±4.7) for Glx/tCr and 58 subjects (32 female, mean age ± SD = 25.1±4.7) for GABA+/tCr were included in the final analysis. A significant measurement by region and treatment (SSRI vs placebo) interaction on Glx/tCr ratios was found (pcor=0.017), with post hoc tests confirming differential effects on hippocampus and thalamus (pcor=0.046). Moreover, treatment by time comparison, for each ROI independently, showed a reduction of hippocampal Glx/tCr ratios after SSRI treatment (puncor=0.033). No significant treatment effects on GABA+/tCr ratios or effects of relearning condition on any neurotransmitter ratio could be found. Here, we showed a significant SSRI- and relearning-driven interaction effect of hippocampal and thalamic Glx/tCr levels, suggesting differential behavior based on different serotonin transporter and receptor densities. Moreover, an indication for Glx/tCr adaptions in the hippocampus after three weeks of SSRI treatment could be revealed. Our findings are in line with animal studies reporting glutamate adaptions in the hippocampus following chronic SSRI intake. Due to the complex interplay of serotonin and hippocampal function, involving multiple serotonin receptor subtypes on glutamatergic cells and GABAergic interneurons, the interpretation of underlying neurobiological actions remains challenging.
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28
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Kumaragamage C, De Feyter HM, Brown P, McIntyre S, Nixon TW, de Graaf RA. ECLIPSE utilizing gradient-modulated offset-independent adiabaticity (GOIA) pulses for highly selective human brain proton MRSI. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4415. [PMID: 33001485 PMCID: PMC9472321 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A multitude of extracranial lipid suppression methods exist for proton MRSI acquisitions. Popular and emerging lipid suppression methods each have their inherent set of advantages and disadvantages related to the achievable level of lipid suppression, RF power deposition, insensitivity to B1+ field and lipid T1 heterogeneity, brain coverage, spatial selectivity, chemical shift displacement (CSD) errors and the reliability of spectroscopic data spanning the observed 0.9-4.7 ppm band. The utility of elliptical localization with pulsed second order fields (ECLIPSE) was previously demonstrated with a greater than 100-fold in extracranial lipid suppression and low power requirements utilizing 3 kHz bandwidth AFP pulses. Like all gradient-based localization methods, ECLIPSE is sensitive to CSD errors, resulting in a modified metabolic profile in edge-of-ROI voxels. In this work, ECLIPSE is extended with 15 kHz bandwidth second order gradient-modulated RF pulses based on the gradient offset-independent adiabaticity (GOIA) algorithm to greatly reduce CSD and improve spatial selectivity. An adiabatic double spin-echo ECLIPSE inner volume selection (TE = 45 ms) MRSI method and an ECLIPSE outer volume suppression (TE = 3.2 ms) FID-MRSI method were implemented. Both GOIA-ECLIPSE MRSI sequences provided artifact-free metabolite spectra in vivo, with a greater than 100-fold in lipid suppression and less than 2.6 mm in-plane CSD and less than 3.3 mm transition width for edge-of-ROI voxels, representing an ~5-fold improvement compared with the parent, nongradient-modulated method. Despite the 5-fold larger bandwidth, GOIA-ECLIPSE only required a 1.9-fold increase in RF power. The highly robust lipid suppression combined with low CSD and sharp ROI edge transitions make GOIA-ECLIPSE an attractive alternative to commonly employed lipid suppression methods. Furthermore, the low RF power deposition demonstrates that GOIA-ECLIPSE is very well suited for high field (≥3 T) MRSI applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chathura Kumaragamage
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Henk M. De Feyter
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Peter Brown
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Scott McIntyre
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Terence W. Nixon
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Robin A. de Graaf
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Andronesi OC, Nicholson K, Jafari-Khouzani K, Bogner W, Wang J, Chan J, Macklin EA, Levine-Weinberg M, Breen C, Schwarzschild MA, Cudkowicz M, Rosen BR, Paganoni S, Ratai EM. Imaging Neurochemistry and Brain Structure Tracks Clinical Decline and Mechanisms of ALS in Patients. Front Neurol 2020; 11:590573. [PMID: 33343494 PMCID: PMC7744722 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.590573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Oxidative stress and protein aggregation are key mechanisms in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) disease. Reduced glutathione (GSH) is the most important intracellular antioxidant that protects neurons from reactive oxygen species. We hypothesized that levels of GSH measured by MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) in the motor cortex and corticospinal tract are linked to clinical trajectory of ALS patients. Objectives: Investigate the value of GSH imaging to probe clinical decline of ALS patients in combination with other neurochemical and structural parameters. Methods: Twenty-four ALS patients were imaged at 3 T with an advanced MR protocol. Mapping GSH levels in the brain is challenging, and for this purpose, we used an optimized spectral-edited 3D MRSI sequence with real-time motion and field correction to image glutathione and other brain metabolites. In addition, our imaging protocol included (i) an adiabatic T1ρ sequence to image macromolecular fraction of brain parenchyma, (ii) diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) for white matter tractography, and (iii) high-resolution anatomical imaging. Results: We found GSH in motor cortex (r = −0.431, p = 0.04) and corticospinal tract (r = −0.497, p = 0.016) inversely correlated with time between diagnosis and imaging. N-Acetyl-aspartate (NAA) in motor cortex inversely correlated (r = −0.416, p = 0.049), while mean water diffusivity (r = 0.437, p = 0.033) and T1ρ (r = 0.482, p = 0.019) positively correlated with disease progression measured by imputed change in revised ALS Functional Rating Scale. There is more decrease in the motor cortex than in the white matter for GSH compared to NAA, glutamate, and glutamine. Conclusions: Our study suggests that a panel of biochemical and structural imaging biomarkers defines a brain endophenotype, which can be used to time biological events and clinical progression in ALS patients. Such a quantitative brain endophenotype may stratify ALS patients into more homogeneous groups for therapeutic interventions compared to clinical criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ovidiu C Andronesi
- Department of Radiology, A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Katharine Nicholson
- Neurological Clinical Research Institute (NCRI), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kourosh Jafari-Khouzani
- Department of Radiology, A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Wolfgang Bogner
- High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Radiology, A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - James Chan
- Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Eric A Macklin
- Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mark Levine-Weinberg
- Neurological Clinical Research Institute (NCRI), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Christopher Breen
- Neurological Clinical Research Institute (NCRI), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Merit Cudkowicz
- Neurological Clinical Research Institute (NCRI), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Bruce R Rosen
- Department of Radiology, A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sabrina Paganoni
- Neurological Clinical Research Institute (NCRI), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Eva-Maria Ratai
- Department of Radiology, A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
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30
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Saleh MG, Edden RAE, Chang L, Ernst T. Motion correction in magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Magn Reson Med 2020; 84:2312-2326. [PMID: 32301174 PMCID: PMC8386494 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and spectroscopic imaging (MRS/MRSI) are valuable tools to study normal and abnormal human brain physiology. However, they are sensitive to motion, due to strong crusher gradients, long acquisition times, reliance on high magnetic field homogeneity, and particular acquisition methods such as spectral editing. The effects of motion include incorrect spatial localization, phase fluctuations, incoherent averaging, line broadening, and ultimately quantitation errors. Several retrospective methods have been proposed to correct motion-related artifacts. Recent advances in hardware also allow prospective (real-time) correction of the effects of motion, including adjusting voxel location, center frequency, and magnetic field homogeneity. This article reviews prospective and retrospective methods available in the literature and their implications for clinical MRS/MRSI. In combination, these methods can attenuate or eliminate most motion-related artifacts and facilitate the acquisition of high-quality data in the clinical research setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad G. Saleh
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Maryland, USA
- F. M. Kirby Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Richard A. E. Edden
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Maryland, USA
- F. M. Kirby Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Linda Chang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, USA
| | - Thomas Ernst
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, USA
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31
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Mikkelsen M, Tapper S, Near J, Mostofsky SH, Puts NAJ, Edden RAE. Correcting frequency and phase offsets in MRS data using robust spectral registration. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2020; 33:e4368. [PMID: 32656879 PMCID: PMC9652614 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
An algorithm for retrospective correction of frequency and phase offsets in MRS data is presented. The algorithm, termed robust spectral registration (rSR), contains a set of subroutines designed to robustly align individual transients in a given dataset even in cases of significant frequency and phase offsets or unstable lipid contamination and residual water signals. Data acquired by complex multiplexed editing approaches with distinct subspectral profiles are also accurately aligned. Automated removal of unstable lipid contamination and residual water signals is applied first, when needed. Frequency and phase offsets are corrected in the time domain by aligning each transient to a weighted average reference in a statistically optimal order using nonlinear least-squares optimization. The alignment of subspectra in edited datasets is performed using an approach that specifically targets subtraction artifacts in the frequency domain. Weighted averaging is then used for signal averaging to down-weight poorer-quality transients. Algorithm performance was assessed on one simulated and 67 in vivo pediatric GABA-/GSH-edited HERMES datasets and compared with the performance of a multistep correction method previously developed for aligning HERMES data. The performance of the novel approach was quantitatively assessed by comparing the estimated frequency/phase offsets against the known values for the simulated dataset or by examining the presence of subtraction artifacts in the in vivo data. Spectral quality was improved following robust alignment, especially in cases of significant spectral distortion. rSR reduced more subtraction artifacts than the multistep method in 64% of the GABA difference spectra and 75% of the GSH difference spectra. rSR overcomes the major challenges of frequency and phase correction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Mikkelsen
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sofie Tapper
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jamie Near
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute and Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stewart H. Mostofsky
- Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Nicolaas A. J. Puts
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Richard A. E. Edden
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
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32
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Dacko M, Lange T. Flexible MEGA editing scheme with asymmetric adiabatic pulses applied for T 2 measurement of lactate in human brain. Magn Reson Med 2020; 85:1160-1174. [PMID: 32975334 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A flexible MEGA editing scheme which decouples the editing efficiency from TE is proposed and the utility of asymmetric adiabatic pulses for this new technique is explored. It is demonstrated that the method enables robust T 2 measurement of lactate in healthy human brain. METHODS The proposed variation of the MEGA scheme applies editing pulses in both acquired spectra, ensuring that the difference in J-evolution of the target resonance leads to maximal signal yield in the difference spectrum for arbitrary TE. A MEGA-sLASER sequence is augmented with asymmetric adiabatic editing pulses for enhanced flexibility and immunity to B 1 + miscalibration and inhomogeneities. The technique is validated and optimized for flexible lactate editing via a simple analytical model, numerical simulations and in vitro experiments. The T 2 relaxation constant of lactate is determined in vivo via multiple-TE measurements with the proposed method and a dedicated postprocessing and quantification approach. RESULTS Asymmetric adiabatic editing pulses improve robustness and facilitate efficient J-editing in sequences or protocols with strong timing constraints. Single voxel measurements using the proposed MEGA scheme in the occipital cortex of six healthy subjects yield a relaxation constant of T 2 = 171 ± 19 ms for the methyl resonance of lactate at a field strength of 3T. CONCLUSIONS The proposed MEGA editing scheme allows for novel kinds of J-editing experiments and promises to be an asset to robust T 2 measurement of lactate and potentially other J-coupled metabolites in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Dacko
- Center for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Lange
- Center for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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33
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Esmaeili M, Stockmann J, Strasser B, Arango N, Thapa B, Wang Z, van der Kouwe A, Dietrich J, Cahill DP, Batchelor TT, White J, Adalsteinsson E, Wald L, Andronesi OC. An integrated RF-receive/B 0-shim array coil boosts performance of whole-brain MR spectroscopic imaging at 7 T. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15029. [PMID: 32929121 PMCID: PMC7490394 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71623-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic imaging of the human brain by in-vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) can non-invasively probe neurochemistry in healthy and disease conditions. MRSI at ultra-high field (≥ 7 T) provides increased sensitivity for fast high-resolution metabolic imaging, but comes with technical challenges due to non-uniform B0 field. Here, we show that an integrated RF-receive/B0-shim (AC/DC) array coil can be used to mitigate 7 T B0 inhomogeneity, which improves spectral quality and metabolite quantification over a whole-brain slab. Our results from simulations, phantoms, healthy and brain tumor human subjects indicate improvements of global B0 homogeneity by 55%, narrower spectral linewidth by 29%, higher signal-to-noise ratio by 31%, more precise metabolite quantification by 22%, and an increase by 21% of the brain volume that can be reliably analyzed. AC/DC shimming provide the highest correlation (R2 = 0.98, P = 0.001) with ground-truth values for metabolite concentration. Clinical translation of AC/DC and MRSI is demonstrated in a patient with mutant-IDH1 glioma where it enables imaging of D-2-hydroxyglutarate oncometabolite with a 2.8-fold increase in contrast-to-noise ratio at higher resolution and more brain coverage compared to previous 7 T studies. Hence, AC/DC technology may help ultra-high field MRSI become more feasible to take advantage of higher signal/contrast-to-noise in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Esmaeili
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Jason Stockmann
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bernhard Strasser
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicolas Arango
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Bijaya Thapa
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhe Wang
- Siemens Medical Solutions, USA, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Andre van der Kouwe
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jorg Dietrich
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel P Cahill
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tracy T Batchelor
- Department Neurology, Brigham's and Women Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jacob White
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Elfar Adalsteinsson
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lawrence Wald
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ovidiu C Andronesi
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Building 149, Room 2301 13th Street, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA.
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34
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Hnilicová P, Štrbák O, Kolisek M, Kurča E, Zeleňák K, Sivák Š, Kantorová E. Current Methods of Magnetic Resonance for Noninvasive Assessment of Molecular Aspects of Pathoetiology in Multiple Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6117. [PMID: 32854318 PMCID: PMC7504207 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease with expanding axonal and neuronal degeneration in the central nervous system leading to motoric dysfunctions, psychical disability, and cognitive impairment during MS progression. The exact cascade of pathological processes (inflammation, demyelination, excitotoxicity, diffuse neuro-axonal degeneration, oxidative and metabolic stress, etc.) causing MS onset is still not fully understood, although several accompanying biomarkers are particularly suitable for the detection of early subclinical changes. Magnetic resonance (MR) methods are generally considered to be the most sensitive diagnostic tools. Their advantages include their noninvasive nature and their ability to image tissue in vivo. In particular, MR spectroscopy (proton 1H and phosphorus 31P MRS) is a powerful analytical tool for the detection and analysis of biomedically relevant metabolites, amino acids, and bioelements, and thus for providing information about neuro-axonal degradation, demyelination, reactive gliosis, mitochondrial and neurotransmitter failure, cellular energetic and membrane alternation, and the imbalance of magnesium homeostasis in specific tissues. Furthermore, the MR relaxometry-based detection of accumulated biogenic iron in the brain tissue is useful in disease evaluation. The early description and understanding of the developing pathological process might be critical for establishing clinically effective MS-modifying therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Hnilicová
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (O.Š.); (M.K.)
| | - Oliver Štrbák
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (O.Š.); (M.K.)
| | - Martin Kolisek
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (O.Š.); (M.K.)
| | - Egon Kurča
- Clinic of Neurology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (E.K.); (Š.S.); (E.K.)
| | - Kamil Zeleňák
- Clinic of Radiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Štefan Sivák
- Clinic of Neurology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (E.K.); (Š.S.); (E.K.)
| | - Ema Kantorová
- Clinic of Neurology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (E.K.); (Š.S.); (E.K.)
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Branzoli F, Pontoizeau C, Tchara L, Di Stefano AL, Kamoun A, Deelchand DK, Valabrègue R, Lehéricy S, Sanson M, Ottolenghi C, Marjańska M. Cystathionine as a marker for 1p/19q codeleted gliomas by in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Neuro Oncol 2020; 21:765-774. [PMID: 30726924 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Codeletion of chromosome arms 1p and 19q (1p/19q codeletion) highly benefits diagnosis and prognosis in gliomas. In this study, we investigated the effect of 1p/19q codeletion on cancer cell metabolism and evaluated possible metabolic targets for tailored therapies. METHODS We combined in vivo 1H (proton) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) measurements in human gliomas with the analysis of a series of standard amino acids by liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC-MS) in human glioma biopsies. Sixty-five subjects with low-grade glioma were included in the study: 31 underwent the MRI/MRS examination, 47 brain tumor tissue samples were analyzed with LC-MS, and 33 samples were analyzed for gene expression with quantitative PCR. Additionally, we performed metabolic tracer experiments in cell models with 1p deletion. RESULTS We report the first in vivo detection of cystathionine by MRS in 1p/19q codeleted gliomas. Selective accumulation of cystathionine was observed in codeleted gliomas in vivo, in brain tissue samples, as well as in cells harboring heterozygous deletions for serine- and cystathionine-pathway genes located on 1p: phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) and cystathionine gamma-lyase (CTH). Quantitative PCR analyses showed 40-50% lower expression of both PHGDH and CTH in 1p/19q codeleted gliomas compared with their non-codeleted counterparts. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide strong evidence of a selective vulnerability of codeleted gliomas to serine and glutathione depletion and point to cystathionine as a possible noninvasive marker of treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Branzoli
- Brain and Spine Institute, Center for Neuroimaging Research (CENIR), Paris, France.,Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Clément Pontoizeau
- Metabolomics Unit, Department of Biology, Reference Center for Metabolic Diseases, Necker Hospital and University of Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Lucien Tchara
- Metabolomics Unit, Department of Biology, Reference Center for Metabolic Diseases, Necker Hospital and University of Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Anna Luisa Di Stefano
- Department of Neurology, Public Assistance-Hospital of Paris, University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,Department of Neurology, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | - Aurélie Kamoun
- Tumor ID Card Program, National League Against Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Dinesh K Deelchand
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research and Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Romain Valabrègue
- Brain and Spine Institute, Center for Neuroimaging Research (CENIR), Paris, France.,Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Lehéricy
- Brain and Spine Institute, Center for Neuroimaging Research (CENIR), Paris, France.,Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Marc Sanson
- Sorbonne University, Paris, France.,Department of Neurology, Public Assistance-Hospital of Paris, University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,The Tumorotheque, Brain and Spine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Chris Ottolenghi
- Metabolomics Unit, Department of Biology, Reference Center for Metabolic Diseases, Necker Hospital and University of Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Małgorzata Marjańska
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research and Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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Tapper S, Göransson N, Lundberg P, Tisell A, Zsigmond P. A pilot study of essential tremor: cerebellar GABA+/Glx ratio is correlated with tremor severity. CEREBELLUM & ATAXIAS 2020; 7:8. [PMID: 32607248 PMCID: PMC7318770 DOI: 10.1186/s40673-020-00116-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective Essential tremor is a common movement disorder with an unclear origin. Emerging evidence suggests the role of the cerebellum and the thalamus in tremor pathophysiology. We examined the two main neurotransmitters acting inhibitory (GABA+) and excitatory (Glx) respectively, in the thalamus and cerebellum, in patients diagnosed with severe essential tremor. Furthermore, we also investigated the relationship between determined neurotransmitter concentrations and tremor severity in the essential tremor patients. Methods Ten essential tremor patients (prior to deep brain stimulation surgery) and six healthy controls, were scanned using a 3 T MR system. GABA+ and Glx concentrations were measured using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) performed using single voxel MEGA-PRESS. For the purpose of assessing the tremor severity, the essential tremor rating scale (ETRS) was used in accordance with Fahn, Tolosa, and Marin. Results We demonstrated that the cerebellar GABA+/Glx ratio was positively correlated to the ETRS (r = 0.70, p = 0.03) in essential tremor. Cerebellar and thalamic GABA+ and Glx concentrations did not show any significant difference when comparing essential tremor patients with healthy controls, at the group level. Conclusion We demonstrated a positive correlation between increasing tremor disability and the ratio of GABA+/ Glx in the cerebellum of essential tremor patients. This highlights the impact of an altered balance of the excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters in tremor severity. Rather than a change in GABA+, which was constant, we attribute this finding to an overall decrease of Glx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Tapper
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Medical Radiation Physics and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Nathanael Göransson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Peter Lundberg
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Medical Radiation Physics and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Anders Tisell
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Medical Radiation Physics and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Peter Zsigmond
- Department of Neurosurgery and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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37
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Saleh MG, Papantoni A, Mikkelsen M, Hui SCN, Oeltzschner G, Puts NA, Edden RAE, Carnell S. Effect of Age on GABA+ and Glutathione in a Pediatric Sample. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2020; 41:1099-1104. [PMID: 32381543 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the human brain and is implicated in several neuropathologies. Glutathione is a major antioxidant in the brain and is considered a marker of oxidative stress. Several studies have reported age-related declines in GABA levels in adulthood, but the trajectory of both GABA and glutathione during childhood has not been well explored. The aim of this study is to establish how GABA and glutathione vary with age during early development. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-three healthy children (5.6-13.9 years of age) were recruited for this study. MR imaging/MR spectroscopy experiments were conducted on a 3T MR scanner. A 27-mL MR spectroscopy voxel was positioned in the frontal lobe. J-difference edited MR spectroscopy was used to spectrally edit GABA and glutathione. Data were analyzed using the Gannet software, and GABA+ (GABA + macromolecules/homocarnosine) and glutathione were quantified using water (GABA+H2O and GlutathioneH2O) and Cr (GABA+/Cr and glutathione/Cr) as concentration references. Also, the relative gray matter contribution to the voxel volume (GMratio) was estimated from structural images. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to examine the association between age and GABA+H2O (and glutathioneH2O), between age and GABA+/Cr (and glutathione/Cr), and between age and GMratio. RESULTS Both GABA+H2O (r = 0.63, P = .002) and GABA+/Cr (r = 0.48, P = .026) significantly correlated with age, whereas glutathione measurements and GMratio did not. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate increases in GABA and no differences in glutathione with age in a healthy pediatric sample. This study provides insight into neuronal maturation in children and may facilitate better understanding of normative behavioral development and the pathophysiology of developmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Saleh
- From the Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (M.G.S., M.M., S.C.N.H., G.O., N.A.P., R.A.E.E.) .,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging (M.G.S., M.M., S.C.N.H., G.O., N.A.P., R.A.E.E.), Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - A Papantoni
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (A.P., S.C.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - M Mikkelsen
- From the Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (M.G.S., M.M., S.C.N.H., G.O., N.A.P., R.A.E.E.).,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging (M.G.S., M.M., S.C.N.H., G.O., N.A.P., R.A.E.E.), Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - S C N Hui
- From the Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (M.G.S., M.M., S.C.N.H., G.O., N.A.P., R.A.E.E.).,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging (M.G.S., M.M., S.C.N.H., G.O., N.A.P., R.A.E.E.), Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - G Oeltzschner
- From the Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (M.G.S., M.M., S.C.N.H., G.O., N.A.P., R.A.E.E.).,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging (M.G.S., M.M., S.C.N.H., G.O., N.A.P., R.A.E.E.), Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - N A Puts
- From the Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (M.G.S., M.M., S.C.N.H., G.O., N.A.P., R.A.E.E.).,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging (M.G.S., M.M., S.C.N.H., G.O., N.A.P., R.A.E.E.), Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences (N.A.P.), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
| | - R A E Edden
- From the Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (M.G.S., M.M., S.C.N.H., G.O., N.A.P., R.A.E.E.).,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging (M.G.S., M.M., S.C.N.H., G.O., N.A.P., R.A.E.E.), Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - S Carnell
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (A.P., S.C.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Saleh MG, Wang M, Mikkelsen M, Hui SC, Oeltzschner G, Boissoneault J, Stennett B, Edden RA, Porges EC. Simultaneous edited MRS of GABA, glutathione, and ethanol. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2020; 33:e4227. [PMID: 31943424 PMCID: PMC7405912 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to develop simultaneous edited MRS of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutathione (GSH), and ethanol (EtOH) using Hadamard encoding and reconstruction of MEGA-edited spectroscopy (HERMES) at 3T. Density-matrix simulations of HERMES were carried out and compared with phantom experiments. In vivo experiments were performed in six healthy volunteers about 30 min after alcohol consumption. Simulations of HERMES showed GABA-, GSH-, and EtOH-edited spectra with low levels of crosstalk and excellent agreement with phantom spectra. In vivo experiments showed well edited GABA signals at 3.0 ppm, GSH at 2.95 ppm, and EtOH at 1.18 ppm in the respective Hadamard combination spectra. Measured integral ratios were 0.082 ± 0.012 for GABA/Cr, 0.037 ± 0.006 for GSH/Cr, and 0.305 ± 0.129 for EtOH/Cr. Simulated, phantom, and in vivo measurements of HERMES show excellent separation of GABA-, GSH-, and EtOH-edited signals with negligible levels of crosstalk. HERMES allows a threefold acceleration of editing while maintaining spectral quality compared with sequentially acquired MEGA-PRESS measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad G. Saleh
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Min Wang
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mark Mikkelsen
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Steve C.N. Hui
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Georg Oeltzschner
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jeff Boissoneault
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Center for Pain Research and Behavioral Health, Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Center for Addiction Research and Education, Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Bethany Stennett
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Center for Pain Research and Behavioral Health, Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Center for Addiction Research and Education, Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Richard A.E. Edden
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eric C. Porges
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Silberbauer LR, Spurny B, Handschuh P, Klöbl M, Bednarik P, Reiter B, Ritter V, Trost P, Konadu ME, Windpassinger M, Stimpfl T, Bogner W, Lanzenberger R, Spies M. Effect of Ketamine on Limbic GABA and Glutamate: A Human In Vivo Multivoxel Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:549903. [PMID: 33101078 PMCID: PMC7507577 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.549903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Converging evidence suggests that ketamine elicits antidepressant effects via enhanced neuroplasticity precipitated by a surge of glutamate and modulation of GABA. Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) illustrates changes to cerebral glutamate and GABA immediately following ketamine administration during dissociation. However, few studies assess subacute changes in the first hours following application, when ketamine's antidepressant effects emerge. Moreover, ketamine metabolites implicated in its antidepressant effects develop during this timeframe. Thus, this study aimed to investigate subacute changes in cerebral Glx (glutamate + glutamine), GABA and their ratio in seven brain regions central to depressive pathophysiology and treatment. METHODS Twenty-five healthy subjects underwent two multivoxel MRS scans using a spiral encoded, MEGA-edited LASER-localized 3D-MRSI sequence, at baseline and 2 h following intravenous administration of racemic ketamine (0.8 mg/kg bodyweight over 50 min). Ketamine, norketamine and dehydronorketamine plasma levels were determined at routine intervals during and after infusion. Automated region-of-interest (ROI)-based quantification of mean metabolite concentration was used to assess changes in GABA+/total creatine (tCr), Glx/tCr, and GABA+/Glx ratios in the thalamus, hippocampus, insula, putamen, rostral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), caudal ACC, and posterior cingulate cortex. Effects of ketamine on neurotransmitter levels and association with ketamine- and metabolite plasma levels were tested with repeated measures analyses of variance (rmANOVA) and correlation analyses, respectively. RESULTS For GABA+/tCr rmANOVA revealed a measurement by region interaction effect (puncorr < 0.001) and post hoc pairwise comparisons showed a reduction in hippocampal GABA+/tCr after ketamine (pcorr = 0.02). For Glx/tCr and GABA+/Glx neither main effects of measurement nor measurement by region interactions were observed (all puncorr > 0.05). Furthermore, no statistically significant associations between changes in any of the neurotransmitter ratios and plasma levels of ketamine, norketamine, or dehydronorketamine were observed (pcorr > 0.05). CONCLUSION This study provides evidence for decreased hippocampal GABA+/tCr ratio 2 h following ketamine administration. As MRS methodology measures total levels of intra- and extracellular GABA, results might indicate drug induced alterations in GABA turnover. Our study in healthy humans suggests that changes in GABA levels, particularly in the hippocampus, should be further assessed for their relevance to ketamine´s antidepressant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo R Silberbauer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Benjamin Spurny
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patricia Handschuh
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Manfred Klöbl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Petr Bednarik
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, High Field MR Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Birgit Reiter
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vera Ritter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patricia Trost
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Melisande E Konadu
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marita Windpassinger
- Department of Anesthesia, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Stimpfl
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Bogner
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, High Field MR Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rupert Lanzenberger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marie Spies
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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40
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Spurny B, Seiger R, Moser P, Vanicek T, Reed MB, Heckova E, Michenthaler P, Basaran A, Gryglewski G, Klöbl M, Trattnig S, Kasper S, Bogner W, Lanzenberger R. Hippocampal GABA levels correlate with retrieval performance in an associative learning paradigm. Neuroimage 2020; 204:116244. [PMID: 31606475 PMCID: PMC7610791 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural plasticity is a complex process dependent on neurochemical underpinnings. Next to the glutamatergic system which contributes to memory formation via long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD), the main inhibitory neurotransmitter, GABA is crucially involved in neuroplastic processes. Hence, we investigated changes in glutamate and GABA levels in the brain in healthy participants performing an associative learning paradigm. Twenty healthy participants (10 female, 25 ± 5 years) underwent paired multi-voxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging before and after completing 21 days of a facial associative learning paradigm in a longitudinal study design. Changes of GABA and glutamate were compared to retrieval success in the hippocampus, insula and thalamus. No changes in GABA and glutamate concentration were found after 21 days of associative learning. However, baseline hippocampal GABA levels were significantly correlated with initial retrieval success (pcor = 0.013, r = 0.690). In contrast to the thalamus and insula (pcor>0.1), higher baseline GABA levels in the hippocampus were associated with better retrieval performance in an associative learning paradigm. Therefore, our findings support the importance of hippocampal GABA levels in memory formation in the human brain in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Spurny
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Rene Seiger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Moser
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, High Field MR Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Vanicek
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Murray B Reed
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Heckova
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, High Field MR Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Paul Michenthaler
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Alim Basaran
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Gregor Gryglewski
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Manfred Klöbl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Siegfried Trattnig
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, High Field MR Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Clinical Molecular MR Imaging, Vienna, Austria
| | - Siegfried Kasper
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Bogner
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, High Field MR Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Rupert Lanzenberger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
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Chan KL, Barker PB. Retrospective motion compensation for edited MR spectroscopic imaging. Neuroimage 2019; 202:116141. [PMID: 31479753 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Edited magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) is capable of mapping the distribution of low concentration metabolites such as gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) or and glutathione (GSH), but is prone to subtraction artifacts due to head motion or other instabilities. In this study, a retrospective motion compensation algorithm for edited MRSI is proposed. The algorithm identifies movement-affected signals by comparing residual water and lipid peaks between different transients recorded at the same point in k-space, and either phase corrects, replaces or removes affected spectra prior to spatial Fourier transformation. The method was tested on macromolecule-unsuppressed GABA-edited spin-echo MR spectroscopic imaging data acquired from 8 healthy adults scanned at 3T. Relative to non-motion compensated data sets, the motion compensated data had significantly less subtraction artifacts across subjects. The residual choline (Cho) peak in the spectrum (which is well resolved from as a different chemical shift from GABA and is completely absent in a spectrum without subtraction artifact) was used as a metric of motion artifact severity. The normalized Cho area was 5.14 times lower with motion compensation than without motion compensation. A 'removal-only' version of the technique is also shown to be promising in removing motion-corrupted artifacts in a GSH-edited MRSI acquisition acquired in 1 healthy subject. This study introduces a motion compensation technique and demonstrates that retrospective compensation in k-space is possible and significantly reduces the amount of subtraction artifacts in the resulting edited spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly L Chan
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Peter B Barker
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
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42
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Moser P, Eckstein K, Hingerl L, Weber M, Motyka S, Strasser B, van der Kouwe A, Robinson S, Trattnig S, Bogner W. Intra-session and inter-subject variability of 3D-FID-MRSI using single-echo volumetric EPI navigators at 3T. Magn Reson Med 2019; 83:1920-1929. [PMID: 31721294 PMCID: PMC7065144 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Purpose In this study, we demonstrate the first combination of 3D FID proton MRSI and spatial encoding via concentric‐ring trajectories (CRTs) at 3T. FID‐MRSI has many benefits including high detection sensitivity, in particular for J‐coupled metabolites (e.g., glutamate/glutamine). This makes it highly attractive, not only for clinical, but also for, potentially, functional MRSI. However, this requires excellent reliability and temporal stability. We have, therefore, augmented this 3D‐FID‐MRSI sequence with single‐echo, imaging‐based volumetric navigators (se‐vNavs) for real‐time motion/shim‐correction (SHMOCO), which is 2× quicker than the original double‐echo navigators (de‐vNavs), hence allowing more efficient integration also in short‐TR sequences. Methods The tracking accuracy (position and B0‐field) of our proposed se‐vNavs was compared to the original de‐vNavs in phantoms (rest and translation) and in vivo (voluntary head rotation). Finally, the intra‐session stability of a 5:40 min 3D‐FID‐MRSI scan was evaluated with SHMOCO and no correction (NOCO) in 5 resting subjects. Intra/inter‐subject coefficients of variation (CV) and intra‐class correlations (ICC) over the whole 3D volume and in selected regions of interest ROI were assessed. Results Phantom and in vivo scans showed highly consistent tracking performance for se‐vNavs compared to the original de‐vNavs, but lower frequency drift. Up to ~30% better intra‐subject CVs were obtained for SHMOCO (P < 0.05), with values of 9.3/6.9/6.5/7.8% over the full VOI for Glx/tNAA/tCho/m‐Ins ratios to tCr. ICCs were good‐to‐high (91% for Glx/tCr in motor cortex), whereas the inter‐subject variability was ~11–19%. Conclusion Real‐time motion/shim corrected 3D‐FID‐MRSI with time‐efficient CRT‐sampling at 3T allows reliable, high‐resolution metabolic imaging that is fast enough for clinical use and even, potentially, for functional MRSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Moser
- High-Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Korbinian Eckstein
- High-Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Hingerl
- High-Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Weber
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stanislav Motyka
- High-Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Strasser
- High-Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andre van der Kouwe
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Simon Robinson
- High-Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Siegfried Trattnig
- High-Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Clinical Molecular MR Imaging, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Bogner
- High-Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Branzoli F, Di Stefano AL, Capelle L, Ottolenghi C, Valabrègue R, Deelchand DK, Bielle F, Villa C, Baussart B, Lehéricy S, Sanson M, Marjanska M. Highly specific determination of IDH status using edited in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Neuro Oncol 2019; 20:907-916. [PMID: 29126125 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) enzyme affect 40% of gliomas and represent a major diagnostic and prognostic marker. The goals of this study were to evaluate the performance of noninvasive magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) methods to determine the IDH status of patients with brain gliomas through detection of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) and to compare performance of these methods with DNA sequencing and tissue 2HG analysis. Methods Twenty-four subjects with suspected diagnosis of low-grade glioma were included prospectively in the study. For all subjects, MRS data were acquired at 3T using 2 MRS methods, edited MRS using Mescher-Garwood point-resolved spectroscopy (MEGA-PRESS) sequence and a PRESS sequence optimized for 2HG detection, using a volume of interest larger than 6 mL. IDH mutational status was determined by a combination of automated immunohistochemical analysis and Sanger sequencing. Levels of 2HG in tissue samples measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were compared with those estimated by MRS. Results Edited MRS provided 100% specificity and 100% sensitivity in the detection of 2HG. The 2HG levels estimated by this technique were in line with those derived from tissue samples. Optimized PRESS provided lower performance, in agreement with previous findings. Conclusions Our results suggest that edited MRS is one of the most reliable tools to predict IDH mutation noninvasively, showing high sensitivity and specificity for 2HG detection. Integrating edited MRS in clinical practice may be highly beneficial for noninvasive diagnosis of glioma, prognostic assessment, and treatment planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Branzoli
- Centre de NeuroImagerie de Recherche, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinère, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Anna Luisa Di Stefano
- AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Neurologie, Paris, France; Department of Neurology, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Capelle
- AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Neurochirurgie, Paris, France
| | - Chris Ottolenghi
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Métaboliques, Service de Biochimie Métabolique, Hôpital Necker and Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Romain Valabrègue
- Centre de NeuroImagerie de Recherche, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinère, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Dinesh K Deelchand
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research and Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Franck Bielle
- AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Laboratoire R Escourolle, Paris, France; Department of Pathological Cytology and Anatomy, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Stéphane Lehéricy
- Centre de NeuroImagerie de Recherche, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinère, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Marc Sanson
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University of Paris, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Neurologie, Paris, France; Department of Neurology, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, Paris, France.,Onconeurotek Tumor Bank, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinère, Paris, France
| | - Malgorzata Marjanska
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research and Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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Landheer K, Juchem C. Simultaneous optimization of crusher and phase cycling schemes for magnetic resonance spectroscopy: an extension of dephasing optimization through coherence order pathway selection. Magn Reson Med 2019; 83:391-402. [PMID: 31529647 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To extend the dephasing optimization through coherence order pathway selection (DOTCOPS) algorithm, originally designed solely for gradient crusher schemes, to include tailored phase cycling schemes for arbitrary pulse sequences and arbitrary number of coupled spins. THEORY AND METHODS The effects all possible nested and cogwheel phase cycling schemes have on the coherence order pathways for an arbitrary experiment are considered. The DOTCOPS algorithm uses a cost function to maximally eliminate unwanted coherence pathways, with schemes preferentially eliminating unwanted coherence pathways that are less affected by the crusher scheme. Efficacy was demonstrated experimentally in 2 separate MR spectroscopy (MRS) sequences: semi-localized adiabatic selective refocusing (sLASER) and MEscher-GArwood sLASER both with phantom and in vivo experiments. RESULTS For all sequences investigated, cogwheel was found to theoretically outperform typical nested phase cycling schemes. The chosen cogwheel phase cycling schemes through DOTCOPS were found to outperform a typical 2-step phase cycling scheme in both phantom and in vivo experiments. Both crusher schemes and phase cycling schemes with 8, 16, or 32 steps are presented for 6 of the most common advanced MRS sequences. CONCLUSION The DOTCOPS algorithm has been extended to provide optimal crusher and phase cycling schemes considered in tandem. DOTCOPS can be applied to any pulse sequence of interest for any number of coupled spins. DOTCOPS is now able to alleviate the long-standing issue of designing effective crusher and phase cycling schemes for complex MRS modern sequences and, as a result, is expected to improve the data quality of virtually all applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Landheer
- Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science, New York, New York
| | - Christoph Juchem
- Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science, New York, New York.,Radiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
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45
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Deelchand DK, Joers JM, Auerbach EJ, Henry PG. Prospective motion and B 0 shim correction for MR spectroscopy in human brain at 7T. Magn Reson Med 2019; 82:1984-1992. [PMID: 31297889 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To demonstrate feasibility and performance of prospective motion and B0 shim correction for MRS in human brain at 7T. METHODS Prospective motion correction using an optical camera and linear B0 shim correction using FASTMAP-like navigators were implemented into a semi-LASER sequence. The effect of motion on spectral quality was assessed without and with prospective correction in prefrontal cortex in 11 subjects. RESULTS Without prospective motion and shim correction, motion resulted in considerable degradation of MR spectra (broader linewidth, lower signal-to-noise ratio, degraded water suppression). With prospective motion and shim correction, spectral quality remained excellent despite motion. Prospective motion correction alone was not sufficient to prevent degradation of spectral quality. CONCLUSION Prospective motion and B0 shim correction is feasible at 7T and should help improve the robustness of MRS, particularly in motion-prone populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh K Deelchand
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research and Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - James M Joers
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research and Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Edward J Auerbach
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research and Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Pierre-Gilles Henry
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research and Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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46
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Landheer K, Schulte RF, Treacy MS, Swanberg KM, Juchem C. Theoretical description of modern1H in Vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopic pulse sequences. J Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 51:1008-1029. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Karl Landheer
- Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science New York New York USA
| | | | - Michael S. Treacy
- Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science New York New York USA
| | - Kelley M. Swanberg
- Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science New York New York USA
| | - Christoph Juchem
- Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science New York New York USA
- Radiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons New York New York USA
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Dacko M, Lange T. Improved detection of lactate and β-hydroxybutyrate using MEGA-sLASER at 3 T. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2019; 32:e4100. [PMID: 31038254 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Lactate and β-hydroxybutyrate are important MRS-visible biomarkers for the energy metabolism of the human brain. A major obstacle for their unambiguous detection and quantification in vivo is their inherently low concentration and spectral overlap with resonances from lipids and macromolecules. In this work, we demonstrate the improved detectability of lactate and β-hydroxybutyrate with MEGA-sLASER compared to MEGA-PRESS at the clinical field strength of 3 T. The method is validated by numerical simulations, in vitro measurements and in vivo experiments on healthy subjects. It is demonstrated that MEGA-sLASER offers an SNR increase of approximately 70% for lactate and β-hydroxybutyrate detection compared to MEGA-PRESS in various brain regions. This increased SNR translates into reduced Cramér-Rao lower bounds for quantification and enables a more robust detection of subtle changes in the (brain) energy metabolism. The sensitivity of the method for detection of β-hydroxybutyrate concentration changes is demonstrated through measurements before and during a ketogenic diet while the sensitivity for detection of lactate concentration changes is shown by measurements before and after an intensive anaerobic exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Dacko
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Lange
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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48
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Schmidt R, Seginer A, Tal A. Combining multiband slice selection with consistent k-t-space EPSI for accelerated spectral imaging. Magn Reson Med 2019; 82:867-876. [PMID: 30990227 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To design and implement a multislice MRSI method for fast spectroscopic imaging, using a modified version of echo planar spectroscopic imaging (EPSI) that offers higher spectral width and/or shorter scan time. METHODS Echo planar spectroscopic imaging suffers from inconsistencies between readout lines acquired with gradients of opposite signs, which has typically been addressed by reconstructing the "positive" and "negative" data sets separately and averaging the two. Nevertheless, consistency between the readout lines of each phase encode can be achieved by interposing the EPSI readouts with alternating "blipped" phase-encode gradients. This method exchanges inconsistencies along the temporal dimension with inconsistencies along the phase-encode dimension, which are straightforward to correct, as is conventionally done in various EPI reconstruction schemes. Such consistent k-t-space EPSI doubles the spectral width in comparison to EPSI, or, in an alternative realization, yields the same spectral width as EPSI, but at half the acquisition time. In this work, multiband CAIPIRINHA (controlled aliasing in parallel imaging results in higher acceleration) slice selection was integrated with consistent k-t-space EPSI to further accelerate the measurement 2-fold. RESULTS The feasibility of a consistent k-t-space EPSI was demonstrated in both phantoms and in vivo brain imaging at 3 T, and four pulse scheme variants were evaluated. It was demonstrated to be useful in optimizing the spectral width and scan acceleration, both of which are limiting factors in vivo. Dual-band implementation was shown to shorten the duration of the scan 4-fold. CONCLUSION The consistent k-t-space EPSI can be used to accelerate MRSI or, alternatively, double its spectral width. Adding dual-band CAIPIRINHA further accelerates the acquisition by a factor of 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Schmidt
- Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Amir Seginer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Assaf Tal
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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49
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Chan KL, Oeltzschner G, Saleh MG, Edden RAE, Barker PB. Simultaneous editing of GABA and GSH with Hadamard-encoded MR spectroscopic imaging. Magn Reson Med 2019; 82:21-32. [PMID: 30793803 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the feasibility of simultaneous MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutathione (GSH) in the human brain using Hadamard Encoding and Reconstruction of MEGA-Edited Spectroscopy (HERMES). METHODS Point RESolved Spectroscopy (PRESS)-localized MRSI was performed in GABA and GSH phantoms and in the human brain (n = 3) using HERMES editing and compared to conventional MEGA editing of each metabolite. Multiplet patterns, signal intensities, and metabolite crosstalk were compared between methods. GABA+ and GSH levels were compared between methods for bias and variability. Linear regression of HERMES-MRSI GABA+/H2 O and GSH/H2 O versus gray matter (GM) fraction were performed to assess differences between GM and white matter (WM). RESULTS Phantom HERMES-MRSI scans gave comparable GABA+ and GSH signals to MEGA-MRSI across the PRESS-localized volume. In vivo, HERMES-reconstructed GABA+ and GSH values had minimal measurement bias and variability relative to MEGA-MRSI. Intersubject coefficients of variation (CV) from two regions within the PRESS-localized volume for HERMES and MEGA were 6-12% for GABA+ and 6-19% for GSH. Interregion CVs were 5-15% for GABA+ and 3-17% for GSH. The GABA+/H2 O and GSH/H2 O ratios were ~1.8 times higher and ~1.9 times higher, respectively, in GM than in WM. CONCLUSION HERMES-MRSI of GABA+ and GSH was found to be practical in the human brain with minimal measurement bias and comparable variability to separate MEGA-edited acquisitions of each metabolite performed in double the scan time. The HERMES-MRSI is a promising method for simultaneously mapping the distribution of multiple low-concentration metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly L Chan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Georg Oeltzschner
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Muhammad G Saleh
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Richard A E Edden
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Peter B Barker
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
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50
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Spurny B, Heckova E, Seiger R, Moser P, Klöbl M, Vanicek T, Spies M, Bogner W, Lanzenberger R. Automated ROI-Based Labeling for Multi-Voxel Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Data Using FreeSurfer. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:28. [PMID: 30837839 PMCID: PMC6382749 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Advanced analysis methods for multi-voxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) are crucial for neurotransmitter quantification, especially for neurotransmitters showing different distributions across tissue types. So far, only a handful of studies have used region of interest (ROI)-based labeling approaches for multi-voxel MRS data. Hence, this study aims to provide an automated ROI-based labeling tool for 3D-multi-voxel MRS data. Methods: MRS data, for automated ROI-based labeling, was acquired in two different spatial resolutions using a spiral-encoded, LASER-localized 3D-MRS imaging sequence with and without MEGA-editing. To calculate the mean metabolite distribution within selected ROIs, masks of individual brain regions were extracted from structural T1-weighted images using FreeSurfer. For reliability testing of automated labeling a comparison to manual labeling and single voxel selection approaches was performed for six different subcortical regions. Results: Automated ROI-based labeling showed high consistency [intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) > 0.8] for all regions compared to manual labeling. Higher variation was shown when selected voxels, chosen from a multi-voxel grid, uncorrected for voxel composition, were compared to labeling methods using spatial averaging based on anatomical features within gray matter (GM) volumes. Conclusion: We provide an automated ROI-based analysis approach for various types of 3D-multi-voxel MRS data, which dramatically reduces hands-on time compared to manual labeling without any possible inter-rater bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Spurny
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Heckova
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, High Field MR Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rene Seiger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Moser
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, High Field MR Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Manfred Klöbl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Vanicek
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marie Spies
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Bogner
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, High Field MR Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rupert Lanzenberger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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