1
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Borne A, Perrone-Bertolotti M, Ferrand-Sorbets S, Bulteau C, Baciu M. Insights on cognitive reorganization after hemispherectomy in Rasmussen's encephalitis. A narrative review. Rev Neurosci 2024; 35:747-774. [PMID: 38749928 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2024-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Rasmussen's encephalitis is a rare neurological pathology affecting one cerebral hemisphere, therefore, posing unique challenges. Patients may undergo hemispherectomy, a surgical procedure after which cognitive development occurs in the isolated contralateral hemisphere. This rare situation provides an excellent opportunity to evaluate brain plasticity and cognitive recovery at a hemispheric level. This literature review synthesizes the existing body of research on cognitive recovery following hemispherectomy in Rasmussen patients, considering cognitive domains and modulatory factors that influence cognitive outcomes. While language function has traditionally been the focus of postoperative assessments, there is a growing acknowledgment of the need to broaden the scope of language investigation in interaction with other cognitive domains and to consider cognitive scaffolding in development and recovery. By synthesizing findings reported in the literature, we delineate how language functions may find support from the right hemisphere after left hemispherectomy, but also how, beyond language, global cognitive functioning is affected. We highlight the critical influence of several factors on postoperative cognitive outcomes, including the timing of hemispherectomy and the baseline preoperative cognitive status, pointing to early surgical intervention as predictive of better cognitive outcomes. However, further specific studies are needed to confirm this correlation. This review aims to emphasize a better understanding of mechanisms underlying hemispheric specialization and plasticity in humans, which are particularly important for both clinical and research advancements. This narrative review underscores the need for an integrative approach based on cognitive scaffolding to provide a comprehensive understanding of mechanisms underlying the reorganization in Rasmussen patients after hemispherectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Borne
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LPNC, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Sarah Ferrand-Sorbets
- Hôpital Fondation Adolphe de Rothschild, Service de Neurochirurgie Pédiatrique, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Christine Bulteau
- Hôpital Fondation Adolphe de Rothschild, Service de Neurochirurgie Pédiatrique, 75019 Paris, France
- Université de Paris-Cité, MC2Lab EA 7536, Institut de Psychologie, F-92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Monica Baciu
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LPNC, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Neurology Department, CMRR, University Hospital, 38000 Grenoble, France
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2
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Ekerdt C, Menks WM, Fernández G, McQueen JM, Takashima A, Janzen G. White matter connectivity linked to novel word learning in children. Brain Struct Funct 2024:10.1007/s00429-024-02857-6. [PMID: 39325144 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-024-02857-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Children and adults are excellent word learners. Increasing evidence suggests that the neural mechanisms that allow us to learn words change with age. In a recent fMRI study from our group, several brain regions exhibited age-related differences when accessing newly learned words in a second language (L2; Takashima et al. Dev Cogn Neurosci 37, 2019). Namely, while the Teen group (aged 14-16 years) activated more left frontal and parietal regions, the Young group (aged 8-10 years) activated right frontal and parietal regions. In the current study we analyzed the structural connectivity data from the aforementioned study, examining the white matter connectivity of the regions that showed age-related functional activation differences. Age group differences in streamline density as well as correlations with L2 word learning success and their interaction were examined. The Teen group showed stronger connectivity than the Young group in the right arcuate fasciculus (AF). Furthermore, white matter connectivity and memory for L2 words across the two age groups correlated in the left AF and the right anterior thalamic radiation (ATR) such that higher connectivity in the left AF and lower connectivity in the right ATR was related to better memory for L2 words. Additionally, connectivity in the area of the right AF that exhibited age-related differences predicted word learning success. The finding that across the two age groups, stronger connectivity is related to better memory for words lends further support to the hypothesis that the prolonged maturation of the prefrontal cortex, here in the form of structural connectivity, plays an important role in the development of memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Ekerdt
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University and Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Willeke M Menks
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University and Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Guillén Fernández
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University and Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - James M McQueen
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University and Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Atsuko Takashima
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University and Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Gabriele Janzen
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University and Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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3
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Quin-Conroy JE, Thompson PA, Bayliss DM, Badcock NA. Generalized models for estimating cerebral lateralisation of young children using functional transcranial Doppler ultrasound. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e70012. [PMID: 39230061 PMCID: PMC11372819 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.70012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Thompson et al., 2023 (Generalized models for quantifying laterality using functional transcranial Doppler ultrasound. Human Brain Mapping, 44(1), 35-48) introduced generalised model-based analysis methods for determining cerebral lateralisation from functional transcranial Doppler ultrasound (fTCD) data which substantially decreased the uncertainty of individual lateralisation estimates across several large adult samples. We aimed to assess the suitability of these methods for increasing precision in lateralisation estimates for child fTCD data. We applied these methods to adult fTCD data to establish the validity of two child-friendly language and visuospatial tasks. We also applied the methods to fTCD data from 4- to 7-year-old children. For both samples, the laterality estimates from the complex generalised additive model (GAM) approach correlated strongly with the traditional methods while also decreasing individual standard errors compared to the popular period-of-interest averaging method. We recommend future research using fTCD with young children consider using GAMs to reduce the noise in their LI estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine E Quin-Conroy
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Paul A Thompson
- School of Education, Learning and Communication Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Donna M Bayliss
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nicholas A Badcock
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia
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4
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Paranawithana I, Mao D, McKay CM, Wong YT. Language networks of normal-hearing infants exhibit topological differences between resting and steady states: An fNIRS functional connectivity study. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e70021. [PMID: 39258437 PMCID: PMC11387990 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.70021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Task-related studies have consistently reported that listening to speech sounds activate the temporal and prefrontal regions of the brain. However, it is not well understood how functional organization of auditory and language networks differ when processing speech sounds from its resting state form. The knowledge of language network organization in typically developing infants could serve as an important biomarker to understand network-level disruptions expected in infants with hearing impairment. We hypothesized that topological differences of language networks can be characterized using functional connectivity measures in two experimental conditions (1) complete silence (resting) and (2) in response to repetitive continuous speech sounds (steady). Thirty normal-hearing infants (14 males and 16 females, age: 7.8 ± 4.8 months) were recruited in this study. Brain activity was recorded from bilateral temporal and prefrontal regions associated with speech and language processing for two experimental conditions: resting and steady states. Topological differences of functional language networks were characterized using graph theoretical analysis. The normalized global efficiency and clustering coefficient were used as measures of functional integration and segregation, respectively. We found that overall, language networks of infants demonstrate the economic small-world organization in both resting and steady states. Moreover, language networks exhibited significantly higher functional integration and significantly lower functional segregation in resting state compared to steady state. A secondary analysis that investigated developmental effects of infants aged 6-months or below and above 6-months revealed that such topological differences in functional integration and segregation across resting and steady states can be reliably detected after the first 6-months of life. The higher functional integration observed in resting state suggests that language networks of infants facilitate more efficient parallel information processing across distributed language regions in the absence of speech stimuli. Moreover, higher functional segregation in steady state indicates that the speech information processing occurs within densely interconnected specialized regions in the language network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishara Paranawithana
- Department of Electrical and Computer Systems EngineeringMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia
- Bionics InstituteEast MelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Darren Mao
- Bionics InstituteEast MelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Medical BionicsThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Colette M. McKay
- Bionics InstituteEast MelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Medical BionicsThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Yan T. Wong
- Department of Electrical and Computer Systems EngineeringMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Physiology and the Monash Biomedicine Discovery InstituteMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia
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5
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Nolte C, Michalska KJ, Nelson PM, Demir-Lira ӦE. Interactive roles of preterm-birth and socioeconomic status in cortical thickness of language-related brain structures: Findings from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Cortex 2024; 180:1-17. [PMID: 39243745 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2024.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Preterm-born (PTB) children are at an elevated risk for neurocognitive difficulties in general and language difficulties more specifically. Environmental factors such as socio-economic status (SES) play a key role for Term children's language development. SES has been shown to predict PTB children's behavioral developmental trajectories, sometimes surpassing its role for Term children. However, the role of SES in the neurocognitive basis of PTB children's language development remains uncharted. Here, we aimed to evaluate the role of SES in the neural basis of PTB children's language performance. Leveraging the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study, the largest longitudinal study of adolescent brain development and behavior to date, we showed that prematurity status (PTB versus Term) and multiple aspects of SES additively predict variability in cortical thickness, which is in turn related to children's receptive vocabulary performance. We did not find evidence to support the differential role of environmental factors for PTB versus Term children, underscoring that environmental factors are significant contributors to development of both Term and PTB children. Taken together, our results suggest that the environmental factors influencing language development might exhibit similarities across the full spectrum of gestational age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Collin Nolte
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Kalina J Michalska
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Paige M Nelson
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Ӧ Ece Demir-Lira
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.
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6
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Tang X, Turesky TK, Escalante ES, Loh MY, Xia M, Yu X, Gaab N. Longitudinal associations between language network characteristics in the infant brain and school-age reading abilities are mediated by early-developing phonological skills. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2024; 68:101405. [PMID: 38875769 PMCID: PMC11225703 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Reading acquisition is a prolonged learning process relying on language development starting in utero. Behavioral longitudinal studies reveal prospective associations between infant language abilities and preschool/kindergarten phonological development that relates to subsequent reading performance. While recent pediatric neuroimaging work has begun to characterize the neural network underlying language development in infants, how this neural network scaffolds long-term language and reading acquisition remains unknown. We addressed this question in a 7-year longitudinal study from infancy to school-age. Seventy-six infants completed resting-state fMRI scanning, and underwent standardized language assessments in kindergarten. Of this larger cohort, forty-one were further assessed on their emergent word reading abilities after receiving formal reading instructions. Hierarchical clustering analyses identified a modular infant language network in which functional connectivity (FC) of the inferior frontal module prospectively correlated with kindergarten-age phonological skills and emergent word reading abilities. These correlations were obtained when controlling for infant age at scan, nonverbal IQ and parental education. Furthermore, kindergarten-age phonological skills mediated the relationship between infant FC and school-age reading abilities, implying a critical mid-way milestone for long-term reading development from infancy. Overall, our findings illuminate the neurobiological mechanisms by which infant language capacities could scaffold long-term reading acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ted K Turesky
- Harvard Graduate School of Education, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Elizabeth S Escalante
- Harvard Graduate School of Education, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Megan Yf Loh
- Harvard Graduate School of Education, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Mingrui Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Nadine Gaab
- Harvard Graduate School of Education, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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7
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Hiersche KJ, Schettini E, Li J, Saygin ZM. Functional dissociation of the language network and other cognition in early childhood. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26757. [PMID: 38888027 PMCID: PMC11184366 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Is language distinct from other cognition during development? Does neural machinery for language emerge from general-purpose neural mechanisms, becoming tuned for language after years of experience and maturation? Answering these questions will shed light on the origins of domain-specificity in the brain. We address these questions using precision fMRI, scanning young children (35 months to 9 years of age) on an auditory language localizer, spatial working memory localizer (engaging the domain-general multiple demand [MD] network), and a resting-state scan. We create subject-specific functional regions of interest for each network and examine their selectivity, specificity, and functional connectivity. We find young children show domain-specific, left-lateralized language activation, and that the language network is not responsive to domain-general cognitive load. Additionally, the cortically adjacent MD network is selective to cognitive load, but not to language. These networks show higher within versus between-network functional connectivity. This connectivity is stable across ages (examined cross-sectionally and longitudinally), whereas language responses increase with age and across time within subject, reflecting a domain-specific developmental change. Overall, we provide evidence for a double dissociation of the language and MD network throughout development, in both their function and connectivity. These findings suggest that domain-specificity, even for uniquely human cognition like language, develops early and distinctly from mechanisms that presumably support other human cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. J. Hiersche
- Department of PsychologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
- Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Brain Imaging, The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - E. Schettini
- Department of PsychologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
- Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Brain Imaging, The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - J. Li
- Department of PsychologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
- Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Brain Imaging, The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Z. M. Saygin
- Department of PsychologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
- Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Brain Imaging, The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
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8
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Ozernov-Palchik O, O’Brien AM, Jiachen Lee E, Richardson H, Romeo R, Lipkin B, Small H, Capella J, Nieto-Castañón A, Saxe R, Gabrieli JDE, Fedorenko E. Precision fMRI reveals that the language network exhibits adult-like left-hemispheric lateralization by 4 years of age. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.15.594172. [PMID: 38798360 PMCID: PMC11118489 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.15.594172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Left hemisphere damage in adulthood often leads to linguistic deficits, but many cases of early damage leave linguistic processing preserved, and a functional language system can develop in the right hemisphere. To explain this early apparent equipotentiality of the two hemispheres for language, some have proposed that the language system is bilateral during early development and only becomes left-lateralized with age. We examined language lateralization using functional magnetic resonance imaging with two large pediatric cohorts (total n=273 children ages 4-16; n=107 adults). Strong, adult-level left-hemispheric lateralization (in activation volume and response magnitude) was evident by age 4. Thus, although the right hemisphere can take over language function in some cases of early brain damage, and although some features of the language system do show protracted development (magnitude of language response and strength of inter-regional correlations in the language network), the left-hemisphere bias for language is robustly present by 4 years of age. These results call for alternative accounts of early equipotentiality of the two hemispheres for language.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola Ozernov-Palchik
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Amanda M. O’Brien
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
- Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States
| | - Elizabeth Jiachen Lee
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Hilary Richardson
- School of Philosophy, Psychology, and Language Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Romeo
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Benjamin Lipkin
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Hannah Small
- Department of Cognitive Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, United States
| | - Jimmy Capella
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | | | - Rebecca Saxe
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - John D. E. Gabrieli
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Evelina Fedorenko
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
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9
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Tang X, Turesky TK, Escalante ES, Loh MY, Xia M, Yu X, Gaab N. Longitudinal associations between language network characteristics in the infant brain and school-age reading abilities are mediated by early-developing phonological skills. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.06.22.546194. [PMID: 38895379 PMCID: PMC11185523 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.22.546194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Reading acquisition is a prolonged learning process relying on language development starting in utero. Behavioral longitudinal studies reveal prospective associations between infant language abilities and preschool/kindergarten phonological development that relates to subsequent reading performance. While recent pediatric neuroimaging work has begun to characterize the neural network underlying language development in infants, how this neural network scaffolds long-term language and reading acquisition remains unknown. We addressed this question in a 7-year longitudinal study from infancy to school-age. Seventy-six infants completed resting-state fMRI scanning, and underwent standardized language assessments in kindergarten. Of this larger cohort, forty-one were further assessed on their emergent word reading abilities after receiving formal reading instructions. Hierarchical clustering analyses identified a modular infant language network in which functional connectivity (FC) of the inferior frontal module prospectively correlated with kindergarten-age phonological skills and emergent word reading abilities. These correlations were obtained when controlling for infant age at scan, nonverbal IQ and parental education. Furthermore, kindergarten-age phonological skills mediated the relationship between infant FC and school-age reading abilities, implying a critical mid-way milestone for long-term reading development from infancy. Overall, our findings illuminate the neurobiological mechanisms by which infant language capacities could scaffold long-term reading acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China, 100875
| | - Ted K. Turesky
- Harvard Graduate School of Education, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, 02138
| | - Elizabeth S. Escalante
- Harvard Graduate School of Education, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, 02138
| | - Megan Yf Loh
- Harvard Graduate School of Education, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, 02138
| | - Mingrui Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China, 100875
| | - Xi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China, 100875
| | - Nadine Gaab
- Harvard Graduate School of Education, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, 02138
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10
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Tripathy K, Fogarty M, Svoboda AM, Schroeder ML, Rafferty SM, Richter EJ, Tracy C, Mansfield PK, Booth M, Fishell AK, Sherafati A, Markow ZE, Wheelock MD, Arbeláez AM, Schlaggar BL, Smyser CD, Eggebrecht AT, Culver JP. Mapping brain function in adults and young children during naturalistic viewing with high-density diffuse optical tomography. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26684. [PMID: 38703090 PMCID: PMC11069306 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Human studies of early brain development have been limited by extant neuroimaging methods. MRI scanners present logistical challenges for imaging young children, while alternative modalities like functional near-infrared spectroscopy have traditionally been limited by image quality due to sparse sampling. In addition, conventional tasks for brain mapping elicit low task engagement, high head motion, and considerable participant attrition in pediatric populations. As a result, typical and atypical developmental trajectories of processes such as language acquisition remain understudied during sensitive periods over the first years of life. We evaluate high-density diffuse optical tomography (HD-DOT) imaging combined with movie stimuli for high resolution optical neuroimaging in awake children ranging from 1 to 7 years of age. We built an HD-DOT system with design features geared towards enhancing both image quality and child comfort. Furthermore, we characterized a library of animated movie clips as a stimulus set for brain mapping and we optimized associated data analysis pipelines. Together, these tools could map cortical responses to movies and contained features such as speech in both adults and awake young children. This study lays the groundwork for future research to investigate response variability in larger pediatric samples and atypical trajectories of early brain development in clinical populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyan Tripathy
- Division of Biological and Biomedical SciencesWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
- Mallinckrodt Institute of RadiologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
- Western Psychiatric HospitalUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Morgan Fogarty
- Mallinckrodt Institute of RadiologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
- Imaging Science ProgramWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Alexandra M. Svoboda
- Mallinckrodt Institute of RadiologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Mariel L. Schroeder
- Mallinckrodt Institute of RadiologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Sean M. Rafferty
- Mallinckrodt Institute of RadiologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Edward J. Richter
- Department of Electrical and Systems EngineeringWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Christopher Tracy
- Mallinckrodt Institute of RadiologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Patricia K. Mansfield
- Mallinckrodt Institute of RadiologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Madison Booth
- Mallinckrodt Institute of RadiologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Andrew K. Fishell
- Mallinckrodt Institute of RadiologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Arefeh Sherafati
- Mallinckrodt Institute of RadiologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
- Department of PhysicsWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Zachary E. Markow
- Mallinckrodt Institute of RadiologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Muriah D. Wheelock
- Mallinckrodt Institute of RadiologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Ana María Arbeláez
- Department of PediatricsWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Bradley L. Schlaggar
- Kennedy Krieger InstituteBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of NeurologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of PediatricsJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Christopher D. Smyser
- Mallinckrodt Institute of RadiologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
- Department of PediatricsWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
- Department of NeurologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Adam T. Eggebrecht
- Division of Biological and Biomedical SciencesWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
- Mallinckrodt Institute of RadiologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
- Imaging Science ProgramWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
- Department of Electrical and Systems EngineeringWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
- Department of PhysicsWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Joseph P. Culver
- Mallinckrodt Institute of RadiologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
- Imaging Science ProgramWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
- Department of PhysicsWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
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11
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Perkins SC, Shaun Ho S, Evans GW, Liberzon I, Gopang M, Swain JE. Language processing following childhood poverty: Evidence for disrupted neural networks. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2024; 252:105414. [PMID: 38640643 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2024.105414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Childhood poverty is related to deficits in multiple cognitive domains including adult language function. It is unknown if the brain basis of language is disrupted in adults with childhood poverty backgrounds, controlling for current functioning. Fifty-one adults (age 24) from an existing longitudinal study of childhood poverty, beginning at age 9, were examined on behavioral phonological awareness (LP) and completed an event-related fMRI speech/print processing LP task. Adults from childhood poverty backgrounds exhibited lower LP in adulthood. The middle-income group exhibited greater activation of the bilateral IFG and hippocampus during language processing. In psychophysiological interaction (PPI) analyses, the childhood poverty group exhibited greater coupling between ventral Broca's and the middle temporal gyrus (MTG) as well as coupling between Wernicke's region and bilateralization. Childhood poverty disrupts language processing neural networks in adulthood, after controlling for LP, suggesting that poverty in childhood influences the neurophysiological basis for language processing into adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne C Perkins
- Research Center for Group Dynamics, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48106, United States.
| | - S Shaun Ho
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8434, United States
| | - Gary W Evans
- Departments of Human Centered Design and Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-4401, United States
| | - Israel Liberzon
- Department of Psychiatry, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX 77802, United States
| | - Meroona Gopang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8434, United States; Program in Public Health, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8434, United States
| | - James E Swain
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8434, United States; Psychology, Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Medicine, Program in Public Health, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8434, United States
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12
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Bartha-Doering L, Roberts D, Baumgartner B, Yildirim MS, Giordano V, Spagna A, Pal-Handl K, Javorszky SM, Kasprian G, Seidl R. Developmental surface dyslexia and dysgraphia in a child with corpus callosum agenesis: an approach to diagnosis and treatment. Cogn Neuropsychol 2024; 41:148-170. [PMID: 38942485 DOI: 10.1080/02643294.2024.2368876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
We present a case study detailing cognitive performance, functional neuroimaging, and effects of a hypothesis-driven treatment in a 10-year-old girl diagnosed with complete, isolated corpus callosum agenesis. Despite having average overall intellectual abilities, the girl exhibited profound surface dyslexia and dysgraphia. Spelling treatment significantly and persistently improved her spelling of trained irregular words, and this improvement generalized to reading accuracy and speed of trained words. Diffusion weighted imaging revealed strengthened intrahemispheric white matter connectivity of the left temporal cortex after treatment and identified interhemispheric connectivity between the occipital lobes, likely facilitated by a pathway crossing the midline via the posterior commissure. This case underlines the corpus callosum's critical role in lexical reading and writing. It demonstrates that spelling treatment may enhance interhemispheric connectivity in corpus callosum agenesis through alternative pathways, boosting the development of a more efficient functional organization of the visual word form area within the left temporo-occipital cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Bartha-Doering
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Roberts
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Bettina Baumgartner
- Department of Logopedics, Phoniatrics, and Audiology, University of Applied Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mehmet Salih Yildirim
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vito Giordano
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alfredo Spagna
- Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Katharina Pal-Handl
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Maria Javorszky
- Department of Logopedics, Phoniatrics, and Audiology, University of Applied Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gregor Kasprian
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rainer Seidl
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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13
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Day TKM, Hermosillo R, Conan G, Randolph A, Perrone A, Earl E, Byington N, Hendrickson TJ, Elison JT, Fair DA, Feczko E. Multi-level fMRI analysis applied to hemispheric specialization in the language network, functional areas, and their behavioral correlations in the ABCD sample. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2024; 66:101355. [PMID: 38354531 PMCID: PMC10875197 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Prior research suggests that the organization of the language network in the brain is left-dominant and becomes more lateralized with age and increasing language skill. The age at which specific components of the language network become adult-like varies depending on the abilities they subserve. So far, a large, developmental study has not included a language task paradigm, so we introduce a method to study resting-state laterality in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Our approach mixes source timeseries between left and right homotopes of the (1) inferior frontal and (2) middle temporal gyri and (3) a region we term "Wernicke's area" near the supramarginal gyrus. Our large subset sample size of ABCD (n = 6153) allows improved reliability and validity compared to previous, smaller studies of brain-behavior associations. We show that behavioral metrics from the NIH Youth Toolbox and other resources are differentially related to tasks with a larger linguistic component over ones with less (e.g., executive function-dominant tasks). These baseline characteristics of hemispheric specialization in youth are critical for future work determining the correspondence of lateralization with language onset in earlier stages of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor K M Day
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Robert Hermosillo
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Gregory Conan
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Anita Randolph
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Anders Perrone
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Eric Earl
- Data Science & Sharing Team, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nora Byington
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Timothy J Hendrickson
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Informatics Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jed T Elison
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Damien A Fair
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Eric Feczko
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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14
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Menks WM, Ekerdt C, Lemhöfer K, Kidd E, Fernández G, McQueen JM, Janzen G. Developmental changes in brain activation during novel grammar learning in 8-25-year-olds. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2024; 66:101347. [PMID: 38277712 PMCID: PMC10839867 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
While it is well established that grammar learning success varies with age, the cause of this developmental change is largely unknown. This study examined functional MRI activation across a broad developmental sample of 165 Dutch-speaking individuals (8-25 years) as they were implicitly learning a new grammatical system. This approach allowed us to assess the direct effects of age on grammar learning ability while exploring its neural correlates. In contrast to the alleged advantage of children language learners over adults, we found that adults outperformed children. Moreover, our behavioral data showed a sharp discontinuity in the relationship between age and grammar learning performance: there was a strong positive linear correlation between 8 and 15.4 years of age, after which age had no further effect. Neurally, our data indicate two important findings: (i) during grammar learning, adults and children activate similar brain regions, suggesting continuity in the neural networks that support initial grammar learning; and (ii) activation level is age-dependent, with children showing less activation than older participants. We suggest that these age-dependent processes may constrain developmental effects in grammar learning. The present study provides new insights into the neural basis of age-related differences in grammar learning in second language acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M Menks
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University and Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - C Ekerdt
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University and Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - K Lemhöfer
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University and Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - E Kidd
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; ARC Centre of Excellence for the Dynamics of Language, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia; School of Literature, Languages, and Linguistics, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - G Fernández
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University and Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - J M McQueen
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University and Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - G Janzen
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University and Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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15
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Feng X, Piper RJ, Prentice F, Clayden JD, Baldeweg T. Functional brain connectivity in children with focal epilepsy: A systematic review of functional MRI studies. Seizure 2024; 117:164-173. [PMID: 38432080 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2024.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is increasingly recognised as a brain network disorder and many studies have investigated functional connectivity (FC) in children with epilepsy using functional MRI (fMRI). This systematic review of fMRI studies, published up to November 2023, investigated profiles of FC changes and their clinical relevance in children with focal epilepsy compared to healthy controls. A literature search in PubMed and Web of Science yielded 62 articles. We categorised the results into three groups: 1) differences in correlation-based FC between patients and controls; 2) differences in other FC measures between patients and controls; and 3) associations between FC and disease variables (for example, age of onset), cognitive and seizure outcomes. Studies revealed either increased or decreased FC across multiple brain regions in children with focal epilepsy. However, findings lacked consistency: conflicting FC alterations (decreased and increased FC) co-existed within or between brain regions across all focal epilepsy groups. The studies demonstrated overall that 1) interhemispheric connections often displayed abnormal connectivity and 2) connectivity within and between canonical functional networks was decreased, particularly for the default mode network. Focal epilepsy disrupted FC in children both locally (e.g., seizure-onset zones, or within-brain subnetworks) and globally (e.g., whole-brain network architecture). The wide variety of FC study methodologies limits clinical application of the results. Future research should employ longitudinal designs to understand the evolution of brain networks during the disease course and explore the potential of FC biomarkers for predicting cognitive and postsurgical seizure outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyu Feng
- Developmental Neurosciences Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford, London WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
| | - Rory J Piper
- Developmental Neurosciences Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford, London WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosurgery, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Freya Prentice
- Developmental Neurosciences Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford, London WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan D Clayden
- Developmental Neurosciences Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford, London WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
| | - Torsten Baldeweg
- Developmental Neurosciences Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford, London WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom.
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16
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Wedderburn CJ, Yeung S, Subramoney S, Fouche JP, Joshi SH, Narr KL, Rehman AM, Roos A, Gibb DM, Zar HJ, Stein DJ, Donald KA. Association of in utero HIV exposure with child brain structure and language development: a South African birth cohort study. BMC Med 2024; 22:129. [PMID: 38519887 PMCID: PMC10960435 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03282-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a growing population of children with in utero HIV exposure who are at risk of poor neurodevelopmental outcomes despite avoiding HIV infection. However, the underlying neurobiological pathways are not understood and neuroimaging studies are lacking. We aimed to investigate the cortical brain structure of children who are HIV-exposed and uninfected (HEU) compared to HIV-unexposed (HU) children and to examine the relationship with neurodevelopment. METHODS The Drakenstein Child Health birth cohort study enrolled pregnant women from a high HIV prevalence area in South Africa with longitudinal follow-up of mother-child pairs. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging scans from 162 children (70 HEU; 92 HU) were acquired at 2-3 years of age. All HEU children were born to mothers taking antiretroviral therapy. Measures of brain structure (cortical thickness and surface area) in the prefrontal cortex regions were extracted from T1-weighted images and compared between groups using multivariate analysis of variance and linear regression. Child development, assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development-III, was correlated with cortical structure, and mediation analyses were performed. RESULTS Analyses demonstrated an association between HIV exposure and cortical thickness across the prefrontal cortex (p = 0.035). Children who were HEU had thicker cortices in prefrontal regions, with significantly greater cortical thickness in the medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC) bilaterally compared to HU children (3.21 mm versus 3.14 mm, p = 0.009, adjusted effect size 0.44 [95% CI 0.12 to 0.75]). Estimates held across multiple sensitivity analyses. There were no group differences in cortical surface area. Language scores, which were lower in HEU versus HU children (81.82 versus 86.25, p = 0.011, effect size - 0.44 [95% CI - 0.78 to - 0.09]), negatively correlated with prefrontal cortical thickness in both groups. Cortical thickness in the mOFC mediated the relationship between HIV exposure and poor language outcomes (Sobel test p = 0.032). CONCLUSIONS In this cohort study, exposure to HIV during pregnancy was associated with altered cortical structure in early life. Our findings indicate that differences in cortical thickness development in the prefrontal region in children who are HEU may be a pathway leading to language impairment. Longitudinal studies are needed to determine the lasting impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine J Wedderburn
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
- Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
- The Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Shunmay Yeung
- Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Sivenesi Subramoney
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jean-Paul Fouche
- The Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Psychiatry & Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Shantanu H Joshi
- Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Katherine L Narr
- Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andrea M Rehman
- MRC International Statistics & Epidemiology Group, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Annerine Roos
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- The Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- SA MRC Unit On Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Diana M Gibb
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, London, UK
| | - Heather J Zar
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- SA MRC Unit On Child & Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Dan J Stein
- The Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Psychiatry & Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- SA MRC Unit On Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Kirsten A Donald
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- The Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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17
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Sinha N, Nikki Arrington C, Malins JG, Pugh KR, Frijters JC, Morris R. The reading-attention relationship: Variations in working memory network activity during single word decoding in children with and without dyslexia. Neuropsychologia 2024; 195:108821. [PMID: 38340962 PMCID: PMC11284775 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.108821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
This study utilized a neuroimaging task to assess working memory (WM) network recruitment during single word reading. Associations between WM and reading comprehension skills are well documented. Several converging models suggest WM may also contribute to foundational reading skills, but few studies have assessed this contribution directly. Two groups of children (77 developmental dyslexia (DD), 22 controls) completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) task to identify activation of a priori defined regions of the WM network. fMRI trials consisted of familiar word, pseudoword, and false font stimuli within a 1-back oddball task to assess how activation in the WM network differs in response to stimuli that can respectively be processed using word recognition, phonological decoding, or non-word strategies. Results showed children with DD recruited WM regions bilaterally in response to all stimulus types, whereas control children recruited left-lateralized WM regions during the pseudoword condition only. Group-level comparisons revealed activation differences in the defined WM network regions for false font and familiar word, but not pseudoword conditions. This effect was driven by increased activity in participants with DD in right hemisphere frontal, parietal, and motor regions despite poorer task performance. Findings suggest the WM network may contribute to inefficient decoding and word recognition strategies in children with DD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niki Sinha
- Department of Child and Youth Studies, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada.
| | - C Nikki Arrington
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, United States; GSU/GT Center for Advanced Brain Imaging, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30318, United States; Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, United States
| | - Jeffrey G Malins
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, United States; Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, 06511, United States
| | - Kenneth R Pugh
- Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, 06511, United States; Department of Linguistics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, United States; Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, United States
| | - Jan C Frijters
- Department of Child and Youth Studies, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Robin Morris
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, United States
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18
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Hutton JS, Piotrowski JT, Bagot K, Blumberg F, Canli T, Chein J, Christakis DA, Grafman J, Griffin JA, Hummer T, Kuss DJ, Lerner M, Marcovitch S, Paulus MP, Perlman G, Romeo R, Thomason ME, Turel O, Weinstein A, West G, Pietra PHD, Potenza MN. Digital Media and Developing Brains: Concerns and Opportunities. CURRENT ADDICTION REPORTS 2024; 11:287-298. [PMID: 38606363 PMCID: PMC11003891 DOI: 10.1007/s40429-024-00545-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Purpose of Review The incorporation of digital technologies and their use in youth's everyday lives has been increasing rapidly over the past several decades with possible impacts on youth development and mental health. This narrative review aimed to consider how the use of digital technologies may be influencing brain development underlying adaptive and maladaptive screen-related behaviors. Recent Findings To explore and provide direction for further scientific inquiry, an international group of experts considered what is known, important gaps in knowledge, and how a research agenda might be pursued regarding relationships between screen media activity and neurodevelopment from infancy through childhood and adolescence. While an understanding of brain-behavior relationships involving screen media activity has been emerging, significant gaps exist that have important implications for the health of developing youth. Summary Specific considerations regarding brain-behavior relationships involving screen media activity exist for infancy, toddlerhood, and early childhood; middle childhood; and adolescence. Transdiagnostic frameworks may provide a foundation for guiding future research efforts. Translating knowledge gained into better interventions and policy to promote healthy development is important in a rapidly changing digital technology environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S. Hutton
- Division of General and Community Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine and Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA and Division of General and Community Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX USA
| | | | - Kara Bagot
- Departments of Psychiatry & Pediatrics, Addiction Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Fran Blumberg
- Division of Psychological and Educational Services, Fordham University, New York, NY USA
| | - Turhan Canli
- Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY USA
| | - Jason Chein
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Dimitri A. Christakis
- Center for Child Health Behaviour and Development, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics, Psychiatry, and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Jordan Grafman
- The Shirley Ryan AbilityLab & Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL USA
| | - James A. Griffin
- The National Institutes of Health, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, USA
| | - Tom Hummer
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Daria J. Kuss
- International Gaming Research Unit and Cyberpsychology Group, NTU Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Matthew Lerner
- Departments of Psychology, Psychiatry & Pediatrics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA and AJ Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Stuart Marcovitch
- Department Of Psychology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC USA
| | | | - Greg Perlman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony, Brook University, Stony Brook, NY USA
| | - Rachel Romeo
- Departments of Human Development & Quantitative Methodology, Hearing & Speech Sciences, and Neuroscience & Cognitive Sciences, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD USA
| | - Moriah E. Thomason
- Departments of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Population Health, New York University, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY USA
| | - Ofir Turel
- College of Business and Economics, California State University, Fullerton, CA USA
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Aviv Weinstein
- The Isadore and Ruth Kastin Chair for Brain Research, Department of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Gregory West
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Pamela Hurst-Della Pietra
- Children and Screens: Institute of Digital Media and Child Development, Jericho, NY USA
- Department of Family, Population and Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, NY USA
| | - Marc N. Potenza
- Departments of Psychiatry, Child Study and Neuroscience, Connecticut Mental Health Center, Yale School of Medicine, Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06517 USA
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19
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Schnaufer L, Gschaidmeier A, Heimgärtner M, Driever PH, Hauser TK, Wilke M, Lidzba K, Staudt M. Atypical language organization following perinatal infarctions of the left hemisphere is associated with structural changes in right-hemispheric grey matter. Dev Med Child Neurol 2024; 66:353-361. [PMID: 37691416 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.15751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess how atypical language organization after early left-hemispheric brain lesions affects grey matter in the contralesional hemisphere. METHOD This was a cross-sectional study with between-group comparisons of 14 patients (six female, 8-26 years) with perinatal left-hemispheric brain lesions (two arterial ischemic strokes, 11 periventricular haemorrhagic infarctions, one without classification) and 14 typically developing age-matched controls (TDC) with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) documented left-hemispheric language organization (six female, 8-28 years). MRI data were analysed with SPM12, CAT12, and custom scripts. Language lateralization indices were determined by fMRI within a prefrontal mask and right-hemispheric grey matter group differences by voxel-based morphometry (VBM). RESULTS FMRI revealed left-dominance in seven patients with typical language organization (TYP) and right-dominance in seven patients with atypical language organization (ATYP) of 14 patients. VBM analysis of all patients versus controls showed grey matter reductions in the middle temporal gyrus of patients. A comparison between the two patient subgroups revealed an increase of grey matter in the middle frontal gyrus in the ATYP group. Voxel-based regression analysis confirmed that grey matter increases in the middle frontal gyrus were correlated with atypical language organization. INTERPRETATION Compatible with a non-specific lesion effect, we found areas of grey matter reduction in patients as compared to TDC. The grey matter increase in the middle frontal gyrus seems to reflect a specific compensatory effect in patients with atypical language organization. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS Perinatal stroke leads to decreased grey matter in the contralesional hemisphere. Atypical language organization is associated with grey matter increases in contralesional language areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Schnaufer
- Department of Paediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, University Children's Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
- Experimental Paediatric Neuroimaging, Children's Hospital and Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alisa Gschaidmeier
- Department of Paediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, University Children's Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
- Centre for Paediatric Neurology, Neurorehabilitation and Epileptology, Schön Klinik, Vogtareuth, Germany
| | - Magdalena Heimgärtner
- Department of Paediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, University Children's Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Pablo Hernáiz Driever
- Department of Paediatric Oncology and Haematology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Till-Karsten Hauser
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marko Wilke
- Department of Paediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, University Children's Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
- Experimental Paediatric Neuroimaging, Children's Hospital and Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karen Lidzba
- Department of Paediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, University Children's Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
- Division of Neuropaediatrics, Development and Rehabilitation, University Children's Hospital Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin Staudt
- Department of Paediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, University Children's Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
- Centre for Paediatric Palliative Care, University Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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20
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Quin-Conroy JE, Bayliss DM, Daniell SG, Badcock NA. Patterns of language and visuospatial functional lateralization and cognitive ability: a systematic review. Laterality 2024; 29:63-96. [PMID: 37771079 DOI: 10.1080/1357650x.2023.2263199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
For most individuals, language is predominately localized to the left hemisphere of the brain and visuospatial processing to the right. This is the typical pattern of functional lateralization. Evolutionary theories of lateralization suggest that the typical pattern is most common as it delivers a cognitive advantage. In contrast, deviations from the typical pattern may lead to poorer cognitive abilities. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the evidence for an association between patterns of language and visuospatial lateralization and measures of cognitive ability. We screened 9,122 studies, retrieved from PsycINFO, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, and Web of Science. The 17 studies that met our selection criteria revealed little evidence for an advantage of typical compared to atypical patterns of lateralization, although atypical lateralization patterns were related to worse language comprehension, spatial ability, and reading, but further research is needed to confirm this. We conclude with recommendations that future researchers recruit larger samples of atypical participants, and consider strength of lateraliation and bilaterality when analysing functional lateralization patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Donna M Bayliss
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Sabrina G Daniell
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Nicholas A Badcock
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
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21
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Hüsser AM, Vannasing P, Tremblay J, Osterman B, Lortie A, Diadori P, Major P, Rossignol E, Roger K, Fourdain S, Provost S, Maalouf Y, Nguyen DK, Gallagher A. Brain language networks and cognitive outcomes in children with frontotemporal lobe epilepsy. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1253529. [PMID: 37964801 PMCID: PMC10641510 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1253529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pediatric frontal and temporal lobe epilepsies (FLE, TLE) have been associated with language impairments and structural and functional brain alterations. However, there is no clear consensus regarding the specific patterns of cerebral reorganization of language networks in these patients. The current study aims at characterizing the cerebral language networks in children with FLE or TLE, and the association between brain network characteristics and cognitive abilities. Methods Twenty (20) children with FLE or TLE aged between 6 and 18 years and 29 age- and sex-matched healthy controls underwent a neuropsychological evaluation and a simultaneous functional near-infrared spectroscopy and electroencephalography (fNIRS-EEG) recording at rest and during a receptive language task. EEG was used to identify potential subclinical seizures in patients. We removed these time intervals from the fNIRS signal to investigate language brain networks and not epileptogenic networks. Functional connectivity matrices on fNIRS oxy-hemoglobin concentration changes were computed using cross-correlations between all channels. Results and discussion Group comparisons of residual matrices (=individual task-based matrix minus individual resting-state matrix) revealed significantly reduced connectivity within the left and between hemispheres, increased connectivity within the right hemisphere and higher right hemispheric local efficiency for the epilepsy group compared to the control group. The epilepsy group had significantly lower cognitive performance in all domains compared to their healthy peers. Epilepsy patients' local network efficiency in the left hemisphere was negatively associated with the estimated IQ (p = 0.014), suggesting that brain reorganization in response to FLE and TLE does not allow for an optimal cognitive development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra M. Hüsser
- Neurodevelopmental Optical Imaging Laboratory (LIONlab), Research Center, Sainte-Justine Mother and Child University Hospital Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Phetsamone Vannasing
- Neurodevelopmental Optical Imaging Laboratory (LIONlab), Research Center, Sainte-Justine Mother and Child University Hospital Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Julie Tremblay
- Neurodevelopmental Optical Imaging Laboratory (LIONlab), Research Center, Sainte-Justine Mother and Child University Hospital Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Bradley Osterman
- Division of Neurology, Sainte-Justine Mother and Child University Hospital Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Montreal Children’s Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Anne Lortie
- Division of Neurology, Sainte-Justine Mother and Child University Hospital Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neuroscience, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Paola Diadori
- Division of Neurology, Sainte-Justine Mother and Child University Hospital Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Philippe Major
- Division of Neurology, Sainte-Justine Mother and Child University Hospital Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neuroscience, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Elsa Rossignol
- Division of Neurology, Sainte-Justine Mother and Child University Hospital Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neuroscience, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Kassandra Roger
- Neurodevelopmental Optical Imaging Laboratory (LIONlab), Research Center, Sainte-Justine Mother and Child University Hospital Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Solène Fourdain
- Neurodevelopmental Optical Imaging Laboratory (LIONlab), Research Center, Sainte-Justine Mother and Child University Hospital Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sarah Provost
- Neurodevelopmental Optical Imaging Laboratory (LIONlab), Research Center, Sainte-Justine Mother and Child University Hospital Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Yara Maalouf
- Neurodevelopmental Optical Imaging Laboratory (LIONlab), Research Center, Sainte-Justine Mother and Child University Hospital Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Dang Khoa Nguyen
- Department of Neuroscience, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- CHUM Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Anne Gallagher
- Neurodevelopmental Optical Imaging Laboratory (LIONlab), Research Center, Sainte-Justine Mother and Child University Hospital Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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22
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Omont-Lescieux S, Menu I, Salvia E, Poirel N, Oppenheim C, Houdé O, Cachia A, Borst G. Lateralization of the cerebral network of inhibition in children before and after cognitive training. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2023; 63:101293. [PMID: 37683326 PMCID: PMC10498008 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibitory control (IC) plays a critical role in cognitive and socio-emotional development. IC relies on a lateralized cortico-subcortical brain network including the inferior frontal cortex, anterior parts of insula, anterior cingulate cortex, caudate nucleus and putamen. Brain asymmetries play a critical role for IC efficiency. In parallel to age-related changes, IC can be improved following training. The aim of this study was to (1) assess the lateralization of IC network in children (N = 60, 9-10 y.o.) and (2) examine possible changes in neural asymmetry of this network from anatomical (structural MRI) and functional (resting-state fMRI) levels after 5-week computerized IC vs. active control (AC) training. We observed that IC training, but not AC training, led to a leftward lateralization of the putamen anatomy, similarly to what is observed in adults, supporting that training could accelerate the maturation of this structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sixtine Omont-Lescieux
- Université Paris Cité, LaPsyDÉ, CNRS, F-75005, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Imaging biomarkers for brain development and disorders, 75014 Paris, France; GHU-Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte Anne, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Iris Menu
- Université Paris Cité, LaPsyDÉ, CNRS, F-75005, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Imaging biomarkers for brain development and disorders, 75014 Paris, France; GHU-Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte Anne, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Emilie Salvia
- Université Paris Cité, LaPsyDÉ, CNRS, F-75005, Paris, France; GHU-Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte Anne, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Poirel
- Université Paris Cité, LaPsyDÉ, CNRS, F-75005, Paris, France; GIP Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - Catherine Oppenheim
- Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Imaging biomarkers for brain development and disorders, 75014 Paris, France; GHU-Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte Anne, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Olivier Houdé
- Université Paris Cité, LaPsyDÉ, CNRS, F-75005, Paris, France; GHU-Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte Anne, F-75014 Paris, France; Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Cachia
- Université Paris Cité, LaPsyDÉ, CNRS, F-75005, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Imaging biomarkers for brain development and disorders, 75014 Paris, France; GHU-Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte Anne, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Grégoire Borst
- Université Paris Cité, LaPsyDÉ, CNRS, F-75005, Paris, France; GHU-Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte Anne, F-75014 Paris, France; Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France.
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23
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Su WC, Colacot R, Ahmed N, Nguyen T, George T, Gandjbakhche A. The use of functional near-infrared spectroscopy in tracking neurodevelopmental trajectories in infants and children with or without developmental disorders: a systematic review. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1210000. [PMID: 37779610 PMCID: PMC10536152 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1210000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the neurodevelopmental trajectories of infants and children is essential for the early identification of neurodevelopmental disorders, elucidating the neural mechanisms underlying the disorders, and predicting developmental outcomes. Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) is an infant-friendly neuroimaging tool that enables the monitoring of cerebral hemodynamic responses from the neonatal period. Due to its advantages, fNIRS is a promising tool for studying neurodevelopmental trajectories. Although many researchers have used fNIRS to study neural development in infants/children and have reported important findings, there is a lack of synthesized evidence for using fNIRS to track neurodevelopmental trajectories in infants and children. The current systematic review summarized 84 original fNIRS studies and showed a general trend of age-related increase in network integration and segregation, interhemispheric connectivity, leftward asymmetry, and differences in phase oscillation during resting-state. Moreover, typically developing infants and children showed a developmental trend of more localized and differentiated activation when processing visual, auditory, and tactile information, suggesting more mature and specialized sensory networks. Later in life, children switched from recruiting bilateral auditory to a left-lateralized language circuit when processing social auditory and language information and showed increased prefrontal activation during executive functioning tasks. The developmental trajectories are different in children with developmental disorders, with infants at risk for autism spectrum disorder showing initial overconnectivity followed by underconnectivity during resting-state; and children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorders showing lower prefrontal cortex activation during executive functioning tasks compared to their typically developing peers throughout childhood. The current systematic review supports the use of fNIRS in tracking the neurodevelopmental trajectories in children. More longitudinal studies are needed to validate the neurodevelopmental trajectories and explore the use of these neurobiomarkers for the early identification of developmental disorders and in tracking the effects of interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Amir Gandjbakhche
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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24
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Zamorano AM, Zatorre RJ, Vuust P, Friberg A, Birbaumer N, Kleber B. Singing training predicts increased insula connectivity with speech and respiratory sensorimotor areas at rest. Brain Res 2023:148418. [PMID: 37217111 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The insula contributes to the detection of salient events during goal-directed behavior and participates in the coordination of motor, multisensory, and cognitive systems. Recent task-fMRI studies with trained singers suggest that singing experience can enhance the access to these resources. However, the long-term effects of vocal training on insula-based networks are still unknown. In this study, we employed resting-state fMRI to assess experience-dependent differences in insula co-activation patterns between conservatory-trained singers and non-singers. Results indicate enhanced bilateral anterior insula connectivity in singers relative to non-singers with constituents of the speech sensorimotor network. Specifically, with the cerebellum (lobule V-VI) and the superior parietal lobes. The reversed comparison showed no effects. The amount of accumulated singing training predicted enhanced bilateral insula co-activation with primary sensorimotor areas representing the diaphragm and the larynx/phonation area-crucial regions for cortico-motor control of complex vocalizations-as well as the bilateral thalamus and the left putamen. Together, these findings highlight the neuroplastic effect of expert singing training on insula-based networks, as evidenced by the association between enhanced insula co-activation profiles in singers and the brain's speech motor system components.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Zamorano
- Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - R J Zatorre
- McGill University-Montreal Neurological Institute, Neuropsychology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Montreal, Canada; International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound research (BRAMS), Montreal, Canada
| | - P Vuust
- Center for Music in the Brain, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, & The Royal Academy of Music Aarhus/Aalborg, Denmark
| | - A Friberg
- Speech, Music and Hearing, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - N Birbaumer
- Institute for Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - B Kleber
- Institute for Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Germany; Center for Music in the Brain, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, & The Royal Academy of Music Aarhus/Aalborg, Denmark.
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25
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Sun X, Marks RA, Eggleston RL, Zhang K, Yu CL, Nickerson N, Caruso V, Chou TL, Hu XS, Tardif T, Booth JR, Beltz AM, Kovelman I. Sources of Heterogeneity in Functional Connectivity During English Word Processing in Bilingual and Monolingual Children. NEUROBIOLOGY OF LANGUAGE (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2023; 4:198-220. [PMID: 37229508 PMCID: PMC10205148 DOI: 10.1162/nol_a_00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Diversity and variation in language experiences, such as bilingualism, contribute to heterogeneity in children's neural organization for language and brain development. To uncover sources of such heterogeneity in children's neural language networks, the present study examined the effects of bilingual proficiency on children's neural organization for language function. To do so, we took an innovative person-specific analytical approach to investigate young Chinese-English and Spanish-English bilingual learners of structurally distinct languages. Bilingual and English monolingual children (N = 152, M(SD)age = 7.71(1.32)) completed an English word recognition task during functional near-infrared spectroscopy neuroimaging, along with language and literacy tasks in each of their languages. Two key findings emerged. First, bilinguals' heritage language proficiency (Chinese or Spanish) made a unique contribution to children's language network density. Second, the findings reveal common and unique patterns in children's patterns of task-related functional connectivity. Common across all participants were short-distance neural connections within left hemisphere regions associated with semantic processes (within middle temporal and frontal regions). Unique to more proficient language users were additional long-distance connections between frontal, temporal, and bilateral regions within the broader language network. The study informs neurodevelopmental theories of language by revealing the effects of heterogeneity in language proficiency and experiences on the structure and quality of emerging language neural networks in linguistically diverse learners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Sun
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Rebecca A. Marks
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Kehui Zhang
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Chi-Lin Yu
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nia Nickerson
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Valeria Caruso
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Tai-Li Chou
- Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Xiao-Su Hu
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Twila Tardif
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - James R. Booth
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Adriene M. Beltz
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ioulia Kovelman
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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26
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Zhang Q, Dong X, Song Y, Wang C, Ji S, Mei H, Wang R. Improvement of semantic processing ability of Chinese characters in school children: A comparative study based on 2009 and 2019 data. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1110674. [PMID: 36968480 PMCID: PMC10030507 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1110674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
To explore the characteristics of semantic cognitive development of school children by observing the development changes over 10 years, a retrospective event-related potential (ERP) study was conducted on the semantic processing characteristics of Chinese characters in children aged 7–11 years with the same study design in 2009 and 2019. For the EEGs recorded in 2009, the N400 amplitude of semantic processing in children aged 7–11 years showed an approximately inverted U-shaped development trend with a slow rise at the age of 7–9, a peak at the age of 10, then a rapid decline at the age of 11. However, for the EEGs recorded in 2019, the N400 amplitude showed a gradually decreasing development trend with a slow decline for the 7–11 years class. Our data suggested that the semantic processing of Chinese characters in children aged 7–11 years in 2019 was one age stage earlier than that in 2009. The children’s brain cognition is in the process of development and change with high plasticity. 10 years of favorable social and educational environmental factors have significantly improved children’s semantic processing ability of Chinese characters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinfen Zhang
- Children’s Health Research Center, Changzhou Children’s Hospital of Nantong University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Qinfen Zhang,
| | - Xuan Dong
- Children’s Health Research Center, Changzhou Children’s Hospital of Nantong University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Chaoqun Wang
- Children’s Health Research Center, Changzhou Children’s Hospital of Nantong University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shiyan Ji
- Children’s Health Research Center, Changzhou Children’s Hospital of Nantong University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haitian Mei
- Children’s Health Research Center, Changzhou Children’s Hospital of Nantong University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Children’s Health Research Center, Changzhou Children’s Hospital of Nantong University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
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27
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Obaid S, Chen JS, Ibrahim GM, Bouthillier A, Dimentberg E, Surbeck W, Guadagno E, Brunette-Clément T, Shlobin NA, Shulkin A, Hale AT, Tomycz LD, Von Lehe M, Perry MS, Chassoux F, Bouilleret V, Taussig D, Fohlen M, Dorfmuller G, Hagiwara K, Isnard J, Oluigbo CO, Ikegaya N, Nguyen DK, Fallah A, Weil AG. Predictors of outcomes after surgery for medically intractable insular epilepsy: A systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis. Epilepsia Open 2023; 8:12-31. [PMID: 36263454 PMCID: PMC9978079 DOI: 10.1002/epi4.12663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Insular epilepsy (IE) is an increasingly recognized cause of drug-resistant epilepsy amenable to surgery. However, concerns of suboptimal seizure control and permanent neurological morbidity hamper widespread adoption of surgery for IE. We performed a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis to determine the efficacy and safety profile of surgery for IE and identify predictors of outcomes. Of 2483 unique citations, 24 retrospective studies reporting on 312 participants were eligible for inclusion. The median follow-up duration was 2.58 years (range, 0-17 years), and 206 (66.7%) patients were seizure-free at last follow-up. Younger age at surgery (≤18 years; HR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.09-2.66, P = .022) and invasive EEG monitoring (HR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.04-3.74, P = .039) were significantly associated with shorter time to seizure recurrence. Performing MR-guided laser ablation or radiofrequency ablation instead of open resection (OR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.08-3.89, P = .028) was independently associated with suboptimal or poor seizure outcome (Engel II-IV) at last follow-up. Postoperative neurological complications occurred in 42.5% of patients, most commonly motor deficits (29.9%). Permanent neurological complications occurred in 7.8% of surgeries, including 5% and 1.4% rate of permanent motor deficits and dysphasia, respectively. Resection of the frontal operculum was independently associated with greater odds of motor deficits (OR = 2.75, 95% CI = 1.46-5.15, P = .002). Dominant-hemisphere resections were independently associated with dysphasia (OR = 13.09, 95% CI = 2.22-77.14, P = .005) albeit none of the observed language deficits were permanent. Surgery for IE is associated with a good efficacy/safety profile. Most patients experience seizure freedom, and neurological deficits are predominantly transient. Pediatric patients and those requiring invasive monitoring or undergoing stereotactic ablation procedures experience lower rates of seizure freedom. Transgression of the frontal operculum should be avoided if it is not deemed part of the epileptogenic zone. Well-selected candidates undergoing dominant-hemisphere resection are more likely to exhibit transient language deficits; however, the risk of permanent deficit is very low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Obaid
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Sainte Justine Hospital, University of Montreal, Quebec, Montreal, Canada.,Division of Neurosurgery, University of Montreal Hospital Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jia-Shu Chen
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - George M Ibrahim
- Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alain Bouthillier
- Division of Neurosurgery, University of Montreal Hospital Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Evan Dimentberg
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Sainte Justine Hospital, University of Montreal, Quebec, Montreal, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Werner Surbeck
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elena Guadagno
- Harvey E. Beardmore Division of Pediatric Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tristan Brunette-Clément
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Sainte Justine Hospital, University of Montreal, Quebec, Montreal, Canada.,Division of Neurosurgery, University of Montreal Hospital Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nathan A Shlobin
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Aidan Shulkin
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Sainte Justine Hospital, University of Montreal, Quebec, Montreal, Canada
| | - Andrew T Hale
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Luke D Tomycz
- The Epilepsy Institute of New Jersey, Jersey City, New Jersey, USA
| | - Marec Von Lehe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brandenburg Medical School, Neuruppin, Germany
| | - Michael Scott Perry
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Program, Jane and John Justin Neuroscience Center, Cook Children's Medical Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Francine Chassoux
- Service de Neurochirurgie, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Université Paris-Descartes Paris, Paris, France
| | - Viviane Bouilleret
- Université Paris Saclay-APHP, Unité de Neurophysiologie Clinique et d'Épileptologie(UNCE), Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Delphine Taussig
- Université Paris Saclay-APHP, Unité de Neurophysiologie Clinique et d'Épileptologie(UNCE), Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.,Pediatric Neurosurgery Department, Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Martine Fohlen
- Pediatric Neurosurgery Department, Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Georg Dorfmuller
- Pediatric Neurosurgery Department, Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Koichi Hagiwara
- Epilepsy and Sleep Center, Fukuoka Sanno Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jean Isnard
- Department of Functional Neurology and Epileptology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Lyon, France
| | - Chima O Oluigbo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children's National Medical Center, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Naoki Ikegaya
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Dang K Nguyen
- Division of Neurology, University of Montreal Hospital Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Aria Fallah
- Department of Neurosurgery and Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Alexander G Weil
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Sainte Justine Hospital, University of Montreal, Quebec, Montreal, Canada.,Division of Neurosurgery, University of Montreal Hospital Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Paranawithana I, Mao D, McKay CM, Wong YT. Connections between spatially distant primary language regions strengthen with age during infancy, as revealed by resting-state fNIRS. J Neural Eng 2023; 20. [PMID: 36763991 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/acbb2d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Objective.Hearing is an important sensory function that plays a key role in how children learn to speak and develop language skills. Although previous neuroimaging studies have established that much of brain network maturation happens in early childhood, our understanding of the developmental trajectory of language areas is still very limited. We hypothesized that typical development trajectory of language areas in early childhood could be established by analyzing the changes of functional connectivity in normal hearing infants at different ages using functional near-infrared spectroscopy.Approach.Resting-state data were recorded from two bilateral temporal and prefrontal regions associated with language processing by measuring the relative changes of oxy-hemoglobin (HbO) and deoxy-hemoglobin (HbR) concentrations. Connectivity was calculated using magnitude-squared coherence of channel pairs located in (a) inter-hemispheric homologous and (b) intra-hemispheric brain regions to assess connectivity between homologous regions across hemispheres and two regions of interest in the same hemisphere, respectively.Main results.A linear regression model fitted to the age vs coherence of inter-hemispheric homologous test group revealed a significant coefficient of determination for both HbO (R2= 0.216,p= 0.0169) and HbR (R2= 0.206,p= 0.0198). A significant coefficient of determination was also found for intra-hemispheric test group for HbO (R2= 0.237,p= 0.0117) but not for HbR (R2= 0.111,p= 0.0956).Significance.The findings from HbO data suggest that both inter-hemispheric homologous and intra-hemispheric connectivity between primary language regions significantly strengthen with age in the first year of life. Mapping out the developmental trajectory of primary language areas of normal hearing infants as measured by functional connectivity could potentially allow us to better understand the altered connectivity and its effects on language delays in infants with hearing impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishara Paranawithana
- Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.,The Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
| | - Darren Mao
- The Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia.,Department of Medical Bionics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Colette M McKay
- The Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia.,Department of Medical Bionics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Yan T Wong
- Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.,Department of Physiology and the Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
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Wagley N, Booth JR. Neural pathways of phonological and semantic processing and its relations to children's reading skills. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:984328. [PMID: 36312011 PMCID: PMC9597189 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.984328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Behavioral research shows that children's phonological ability is strongly associated with better word reading skills, whereas semantic knowledge is strongly related to better reading comprehension. However, most neuroscience research has investigated how brain activation during phonological and semantic processing is related to word reading skill. This study examines if connectivity during phonological processing in the dorsal inferior frontal gyrus (dIFG) to posterior superior temporal gyrus (pSTG) pathway is related to word reading skill, whereas connectivity during semantic processing in the ventral inferior frontal gyrus (vIFG) to posterior middle temporal gyrus (pMTG) pathway is related to reading comprehension skill. We used behavioral and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from a publicly accessible dataset on OpenNeuro.org. The research hypotheses and analytical plan were pre-registered on the Open Science Framework. Forty-six children ages 8-15 years old were included in the final analyses. Participants completed an in-scanner reading task tapping into phonology (i.e., word rhyming) and semantics (i.e., word meaning) as well as standardized measures of word reading and reading comprehension skill. In a series of registered and exploratory analyses, we correlated connectivity coefficients from generalized psychophysiological interactions (gPPI) with behavioral measures and used z-scores to test the equality of two correlation coefficients. Results from the preregistered and exploratory analyses indicated weak evidence that functional connectivity of dIFG to pSTG during phonological processing is positively correlated with better word reading skill, but no evidence that connectivity in the vIFG-pMTG pathway during semantic processing is related to better reading comprehension skill. Moreover, there was no evidence to support the differentiation between the dorsal pathway's relation to word reading and the ventral pathway's relation to reading comprehension skills. Our finding suggesting the importance of phonological processing to word reading is in line with prior behavioral and neurodevelopmental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelima Wagley
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
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30
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Fleury M, Buck S, Binding LP, Caciagli L, Vos SB, Winston GP, Thompson P, Koepp MJ, Duncan JS, Sidhu MK. Episodic memory network connectivity in temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsia 2022; 63:2597-2622. [PMID: 35848050 PMCID: PMC9804196 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) affects brain networks and is associated with impairment of episodic memory. Temporal and extratemporal reorganization of memory functions is described in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies. Functional reorganizations have been shown at the local activation level, but network-level alterations have been underinvestigated. We aim to investigate the functional anatomy of memory networks using memory fMRI and determine how this relates to memory function in TLE. METHODS Ninety patients with unilateral TLE (43 left) and 29 controls performed a memory-encoding fMRI paradigm of faces and words with subsequent out-of-scanner recognition test. Subsequent memory event-related contrasts of words and faces remembered were generated. Psychophysiological interaction analysis investigated task-associated changes in functional connectivity seeding from the mesial temporal lobes (MTLs). Correlations between changes in functional connectivity and clinical memory scores, epilepsy duration, age at epilepsy onset, and seizure frequency were investigated, and between connectivity supportive of better memory and disease burden. Connectivity differences between controls and TLE, and between TLE with and without hippocampal sclerosis, were explored using these confounds as regressors of no interest. RESULTS Compared to controls, TLE patients showed widespread decreased connectivity between bilateral MTLs and frontal lobes, and increased local connectivity between the anterior MTLs bilaterally. Increased intrinsic connectivity within the bilateral MTLs correlated with better out-of-scanner memory performance in both left and right TLE. Longer epilepsy duration and higher seizure frequency were associated with decreased connectivity between bilateral MTLs and left/right orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and insula, connections supportive of memory functions. TLE due to hippocampal sclerosis was associated with greater connectivity disruption within the MTL and extratemporally. SIGNIFICANCE Connectivity analyses showed that TLE is associated with temporal and extratemporal memory network reorganization. Increased bilateral functional connectivity within the MTL and connectivity to OFC and insula are efficient, and are disrupted by greater disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Fleury
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUniversity College London Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
- MRI UnitEpilepsy SocietyBuckinghamshireUK
| | - Sarah Buck
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUniversity College London Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
- MRI UnitEpilepsy SocietyBuckinghamshireUK
| | - Lawrence P. Binding
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUniversity College London Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
- MRI UnitEpilepsy SocietyBuckinghamshireUK
- Department of Computer Science, Centre for Medical Image ComputingUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Lorenzo Caciagli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUniversity College London Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
- MRI UnitEpilepsy SocietyBuckinghamshireUK
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Sjoerd B. Vos
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUniversity College London Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
- MRI UnitEpilepsy SocietyBuckinghamshireUK
- Neuroradiological Academic Unit, University College London Queen Square Institute of NeurologyUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Gavin P. Winston
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUniversity College London Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
- MRI UnitEpilepsy SocietyBuckinghamshireUK
- Division of Neurology, Department of MedicineQueen's UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada
| | - Pamela J. Thompson
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUniversity College London Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
- MRI UnitEpilepsy SocietyBuckinghamshireUK
| | - Matthias J. Koepp
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUniversity College London Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
- MRI UnitEpilepsy SocietyBuckinghamshireUK
| | - John S. Duncan
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUniversity College London Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
- MRI UnitEpilepsy SocietyBuckinghamshireUK
| | - Meneka K. Sidhu
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUniversity College London Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
- MRI UnitEpilepsy SocietyBuckinghamshireUK
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31
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Manning KY, Reynolds JE, Long X, Llera A, Dewey D, Lebel C. Multimodal brain features at 3 years of age and their relationship with pre-reading measures 1 year later. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:965602. [PMID: 36072890 PMCID: PMC9441575 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.965602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-reading language skills develop rapidly in early childhood and are related to brain structure and functional architecture in young children prior to formal education. However, the early neurobiological development that supports these skills is not well understood. Here we acquired anatomical, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and resting state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) from 35 children at 3.5 years of age. Children were assessed for pre-reading abilities using the NEPSY-II subtests 1 year later (4.5 years). We applied a data-driven linked independent component analysis (ICA) to explore the shared co-variation of gray and white matter measures. Two sources of structural variation at 3.5 years of age demonstrated relationships with Speeded Naming scores at 4.5 years of age. The first imaging component involved volumetric variability in reading-related cortical regions alongside microstructural features of the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF). The second component was dominated by cortical volumetric variations within the cerebellum and visual association area. In a subset of children with rs-fMRI data, we evaluated the inter-network functional connectivity of the left-lateralized fronto-parietal language network (FPL) and its relationship with pre-reading measures. Higher functional connectivity between the FPL and the default mode and visual networks at 3.5 years significantly predicted better Phonological Processing scores at 4.5 years. Together, these results suggest that the integration of functional networks, as well as the co-development of white and gray matter brain structures in early childhood, support the emergence of pre-reading measures in preschool children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Y. Manning
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jess E. Reynolds
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Xiangyu Long
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Alberto Llera
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Deborah Dewey
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Catherine Lebel
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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32
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Kruchinina OV, Stankova EP, Guillemard DM, Galperina EI. The Level of Passive Voice Comprehension in the 4–5 Years Old Russian Children Reflects in the ERP’s. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093022020089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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33
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Kraus D, Horowitz‐Kraus T. Functional MRI research involving healthy children: Ethics, safety and recommended procedures. Acta Paediatr 2022; 111:741-749. [PMID: 34986521 DOI: 10.1111/apa.16247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM This specific review aims to expose clinicians, researchers and administrators in hospitals to the importance, procedures and safety of fMRI studies to promote the increased utilisation of such studies in different geographical places worldwide. The child's brain is developing rapidly, both structurally and functionally. These functional changes can only be detected using functional scans generated from an MRI machine and referred to as a functional MRI (fMRI). This method may be used clinically in complex medical and surgical conditions (e.g., epilepsy surgery), but these days are often used for research purposes. However, due to ethical and logistical considerations, fMRI in the paediatric population is not widely and equally used in different geographical places. CONCLUSIONS The benefits of using this method to define the functional changes occurring in the developing brain are discussed in this review, along with desensitisation methods recommended when working with this vulnerable population in research and even in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dror Kraus
- Pediatric Neurology Institute Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel Tel Aviv University Petach‐Tiqua Israel
| | - Tzipi Horowitz‐Kraus
- Educational Neuroimaging Group Faculty of Education in Science and Technology Faculty of Biomedical Engineering Haifa Israel
- Kennedy Krieger Institute Baltimore Maryland USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland USA
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34
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Qi T, Schaadt G, Friederici AD. Associated functional network development and language abilities in children. Neuroimage 2021; 242:118452. [PMID: 34358655 PMCID: PMC8463838 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
During childhood, the brain is gradually converging to the efficient functional architecture observed in adults. How the brain's functional architecture evolves with age, particularly in young children, is however, not well understood. We examined the functional connectivity of the core language regions, in association with cortical growth and language abilities, in 175 young children in the age range of 4 to 9 years. We analyzed the brain's developmental changes using resting-state functional and T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging data. The results showed increased functional connectivity strength with age between the pars triangularis of the left inferior frontal gyrus and left temporoparietal regions (cohen's d = 0.54, CI: 0.24 - 0.84), associated with children's language abilities. Stronger functional connectivity between bilateral prefrontal and temporoparietal regions was associated with better language abilities regardless of age. In addition, the stronger functional connectivity between the left inferior frontal and temporoparietal regions was associated with larger surface area and thinner cortical thickness in these regions, which in turn was associated with superior language abilities. Thus, using functional and structural brain indices, coupled with behavioral measures, we elucidate the association of functional language network development, language ability, and cortical growth, thereby adding to our understanding of the neural basis of language acquisition in young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Qi
- Department of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Gesa Schaadt
- Department of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Education and Psychology, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Angela D Friederici
- Department of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
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35
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Enge A, Abdel Rahman R, Skeide MA. A meta-analysis of fMRI studies of semantic cognition in children. Neuroimage 2021; 241:118436. [PMID: 34329724 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Our capacity to derive meaning from things that we see and words that we hear is unparalleled in other animal species and current AI systems. Despite a wealth of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies on where different semantic features are processed in the adult brain, the development of these systems in children is poorly understood. Here we conducted an extensive database search and identified 50 fMRI experiments investigating semantic world knowledge, semantic relatedness judgments, and the differentiation of visual semantic object categories in children (total N = 1,018, mean age = 10.1 years, range 4-15 years). Synthesizing the results of these experiments, we found consistent activation in the bilateral inferior frontal gyri (IFG), fusiform gyri (FG), and supplementary motor areas (SMA), as well as in the left middle and superior temporal gyri (MTG/STG). Within this system, we found little evidence for age-related changes across childhood and high overlap with the adult semantic system. In sum, the identification of these cortical areas provides the starting point for further research on the mechanisms by which the developing brain learns to make sense of its environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Enge
- Research Group Learning in Early Childhood, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstraße 1a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Rudower Chaussee 18, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Rasha Abdel Rahman
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Rudower Chaussee 18, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael A Skeide
- Research Group Learning in Early Childhood, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstraße 1a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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36
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Chen B, Linke A, Olson L, Ibarra C, Kinnear M, Fishman I. Resting state functional networks in 1-to-3-year-old typically developing children. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2021; 51:100991. [PMID: 34298412 PMCID: PMC8322300 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2021.100991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain functional networks undergo substantial development and refinement during the first years of life. Yet, the maturational pathways of functional network development remain poorly understood. Using resting-state fMRI data acquired during natural sleep from 24 typically developing toddlers, ages 1.5-3.5 years, we aimed to examine the large-scale resting-state functional networks and their relationship with age and developmental skills. Specifically, two network organization indices reflecting network connectivity and spatial variability were derived. Our results revealed that reduced spatial variability or increased network homogeneity in one of the default mode network components was associated with age, with older children displaying less spatially variable posterior DMN subcomponent, consistent with the notion of increased spatial and functional specialization. Further, greater network homogeneity in higher-order functional networks, including the posterior default mode, salience, and language networks, was associated with more advanced developmental skills measured with a standardized assessment of early learning, regardless of age. These results not only improve our understanding of brain functional network development during toddler years, but also inform the relationship between brain network organization and emerging cognitive and behavioral skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bosi Chen
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, United States; SDSU/UC San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, United States.
| | - Annika Linke
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, United States
| | - Lindsay Olson
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, United States; SDSU/UC San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, United States
| | - Cynthia Ibarra
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, United States
| | - Mikaela Kinnear
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, United States
| | - Inna Fishman
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, United States; SDSU/UC San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, United States; SDSU Center for Autism and Developmental Disorders, San Diego State University, United States.
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37
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Katagiri M, Otsubo H, Kagawa K, Seyama G, Hashizume A, Okamura A, Ishikawa N, Hanaya R, Arita K, Kurisu K, Iida K. Interpersonal communication skills related to seizure outcomes in pediatric patients with vagus nerve stimulation. INTERDISCIPLINARY NEUROSURGERY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inat.2020.101080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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38
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Wang J, Yamasaki BL, Weiss Y, Booth JR. Both frontal and temporal cortex exhibit phonological and semantic specialization during spoken language processing in 7- to 8-year-old children. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:3534-3546. [PMID: 33951259 PMCID: PMC8249890 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A previous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study by Weiss et al. (Weiss et al., Human Brain Mapping, 2018, 39, 4334–4348) examined brain specialization for phonological and semantic processing of spoken words in young children who were 5 to 6 years old and found evidence for specialization in the temporal but not the frontal lobe. According to a prominent neurocognitive model of language development (Skeide & Friederici, Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2016, 17, 323–332), the frontal lobe matures later than the temporal lobe. Thus, the current study aimed to examine if brain specialization in the frontal lobe can be observed in a slightly older cohort of children aged 7 to 8 years old using the same experimental and analytical approach as in Weiss et al. (Weiss et al., Human Brain Mapping, 2018, 39, 4334–4348). One hundred and ten typically developing children were recruited and were asked to perform a sound judgment task, tapping into phonological processing, and a meaning judgment task, tapping into semantic processing, while in the MRI scanner. Direct task comparisons showed that these children exhibited language specialization in both the temporal and the frontal lobes, with the left posterior dorsal inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) showing greater activation for the sound than the meaning judgment task, and the left anterior ventral IFG and the left posterior middle temporal gyrus (MTG) showing greater activation for the meaning than the sound judgment task. These findings demonstrate that 7‐ to 8‐year‐old children have already begun to develop a language‐related specialization in the frontal lobe, suggesting that early elementary schoolers rely on both specialized linguistic manipulation and representation mechanisms to perform language tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Brianna L Yamasaki
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Yael Weiss
- Institute for Learning & Brain Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - James R Booth
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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39
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Sylvester T, Liebig J, Jacobs AM. Neuroimaging of valence decisions in children and adults. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2021; 48:100925. [PMID: 33517110 PMCID: PMC7848765 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2021.100925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, the neural underpinnings of affective components in language processing in children remain largely unknown. To fill this gap, the present study examined behavioural and neural correlates of children and adults performing the same auditory valence decision task with an event-related fMRI paradigm. Based on previous findings in adults, activations in anterior and posterior cingulate cortex, orbitofrontal cortex and left inferior frontal gyrus were expected for both positive and negative valence categories. Recent behavioural findings on valence decisions showed similar ratings and reaction time patterns in children and adults. This finding was successfully replicated in the present study. On a neural level, our analysis of affective language processing showed activations in regions associated with both semantic (superior and middle temporal and frontal) and affective (anterior and posterior cingulate, orbitofrontal and inferior frontal, insula and amygdala) processing. Neural activations in children and adults were systematically different in explicit affective word processing. In particular, adults showed a more distributed semantic network activation while children recruited additional subcortical structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Sylvester
- Department of Neurocognitive Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany; Center for Cognitive Neuroscience Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Johanna Liebig
- Department of Neurocognitive Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany; Center for Cognitive Neuroscience Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Arthur M Jacobs
- Department of Neurocognitive Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany; Center for Cognitive Neuroscience Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.
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40
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Lawrence RJ, Wiggins IM, Hodgson JC, Hartley DEH. Evaluating cortical responses to speech in children: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) study. Hear Res 2021; 401:108155. [PMID: 33360183 PMCID: PMC7937787 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2020.108155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Functional neuroimaging of speech processing has both research and clinical potential. This work is facilitating an ever-increasing understanding of the complex neural mechanisms involved in the processing of speech. Neural correlates of speech understanding also have potential clinical value, especially for infants and children, in whom behavioural assessments can be unreliable. Such measures would not only benefit normally hearing children experiencing speech and language delay, but also hearing impaired children with and without hearing devices. In the current study, we examined cortical correlates of speech intelligibility in normally hearing paediatric listeners. Cortical responses were measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), a non-invasive neuroimaging technique that is fully compatible with hearing devices, including cochlear implants. In nineteen normally hearing children (aged 6 - 13 years) we measured activity in temporal and frontal cortex bilaterally whilst participants listened to both clear- and noise-vocoded sentences targeting four levels of speech intelligibility. Cortical activation in superior temporal and inferior frontal cortex was generally stronger in the left hemisphere than in the right. Activation in left superior temporal cortex grew monotonically with increasing speech intelligibility. In the same region, we identified a trend towards greater activation on correctly vs. incorrectly perceived trials, suggesting a possible sensitivity to speech intelligibility per se, beyond sensitivity to changing acoustic properties across stimulation conditions. Outside superior temporal cortex, we identified other regions in which fNIRS responses varied with speech intelligibility. For example, channels overlying posterior middle temporal regions in the right hemisphere exhibited relative deactivation during sentence processing (compared to a silent baseline condition), with the amplitude of that deactivation being greater in more difficult listening conditions. This finding may represent sensitivity to components of the default mode network in lateral temporal regions, and hence effortful listening in normally hearing paediatric listeners. Our results indicate that fNIRS has the potential to provide an objective marker of speech intelligibility in normally hearing children. Should these results be found to apply to individuals experiencing language delay or to those listening through a hearing device, such as a cochlear implant, fNIRS may form the basis of a clinically useful measure of speech understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael J Lawrence
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Ropewalk House, 113 The Ropewalk, Nottingham NG1 5DU, United Kingdom; Hearing Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom; Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Derby Road, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom.
| | - Ian M Wiggins
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Ropewalk House, 113 The Ropewalk, Nottingham NG1 5DU, United Kingdom; Hearing Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica C Hodgson
- Lincoln Medical School - Universities of Nottingham and Lincoln, Charlotte Scott Building, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7TS, United Kingdom
| | - Douglas E H Hartley
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Ropewalk House, 113 The Ropewalk, Nottingham NG1 5DU, United Kingdom; Hearing Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom; Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Derby Road, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
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41
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Sylvester T, Liebig J, Jacobs AM. Neural correlates of affective contributions to lexical decisions in children and adults. Sci Rep 2021; 11:945. [PMID: 33441814 PMCID: PMC7806850 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80359-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of the present study was to investigate whether 6-9-year old children and adults show similar neural responses to affective words. An event-related neuroimaging paradigm was used in which both age cohorts performed the same auditory lexical decision task (LDT). The results show similarities in (auditory) lexico-semantic network activation as well as in areas associated with affective information. In both age cohorts' activations were stronger for positive than for negative words, thus exhibiting a positivity superiority effect. Children showed less activation in areas associated with affective information in response to all three valence categories than adults. Our results are discussed in the light of computational models of word recognition, and previous findings of affective contributions to LDT in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Sylvester
- Department of Education and Psychology, Experimental and Neurocognitive Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
- Center for Cognitive Neuroscience Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Johanna Liebig
- Department of Education and Psychology, Experimental and Neurocognitive Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Cognitive Neuroscience Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Arthur M Jacobs
- Department of Education and Psychology, Experimental and Neurocognitive Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Cognitive Neuroscience Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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42
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François C, Garcia-Alix A, Bosch L, Rodriguez-Fornells A. Signatures of brain plasticity supporting language recovery after perinatal arterial ischemic stroke. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2021; 212:104880. [PMID: 33220646 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2020.104880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Brain imaging methods such as functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) and Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) have already been used to decipher the functional and structural brain changes occurring during normal language development. However, little is known about the differentiation of the language network after an early lesion. While in adults, stroke over the left hemisphere generally induces post-stroke aphasia, it is not always the case when a stroke occurs in the perinatal period, thus revealing a remarkable plastic power of the language network during early development. In particular, the role of perilesional tissues, as opposed to undamaged brain areas in the functional recovery of language functions after an early insult, remains unclear. In this review article, we provide an overview of the extant literature using functional and structural neuroimaging data revealing the signatures of brain plasticity underlying near-normal language development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alfredo Garcia-Alix
- Service of Genetic and Molecular Medicine, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain; NeNe Foundation, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Bosch
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Cognition, Development and Educational Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neurosciences (UBNeuro), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Rodriguez-Fornells
- Cognition and Brain Plasticity Group, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
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43
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Silver E, Korja R, Mainela-Arnold E, Pulli EP, Saukko E, Nolvi S, Kataja EL, Karlsson L, Karlsson H, Tuulari JJ. A systematic review of MRI studies of language development from birth to 2 years of age. Dev Neurobiol 2020; 81:63-75. [PMID: 33220156 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Neurocognitive functions supporting language development start to develop well before first words are spoken during the first years of life. This process coincides with the initial growth spurt of the brain. While the core components of the language network are well characterized in adults and children, the initial neural correlates of language skills are still relatively unknown. We reviewed 10 studies identified via a systematic search that combined magnetic resonance imaging and language-related measures in healthy infants from birth to 2 years of age. We aimed to describe the current knowledge as well as point out viable future directions for similar studies. Expectedly, the implicated cerebral areas included many established components of the language networks, including frontal and temporal regions. A volumetric leftward asymmetry of the brain was suggested as a determinant of language skills, yet with marked interindividual variation. Overall, temporal and frontal brain volumes associated positively with language skills. Positive associations were described between the maturation of language related white matter tracts and language skills. The language networks showed adult-like structural similarities already in neonates, with weaker asymmetry compared to adults. In summary, we found some evidence that the language circuit described in older age groups is also associated to language skills during the first 2 years of life. However, across the reviewed studies there were no systematic neural correlates of language skills, which is partly explained by a modest number of studies, scattered representation of ages in measurements and the variance in the used methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eero Silver
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Riikka Korja
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Elina Mainela-Arnold
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Speech Language Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Elmo P Pulli
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Ekaterina Saukko
- Department of Radiology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Saara Nolvi
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku Institute for Advanced Studies, Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Medical Psychology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eeva-Leena Kataja
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Linnea Karlsson
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Child Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Centre for Population Health Research, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Hasse Karlsson
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Centre for Population Health Research, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jetro J Tuulari
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Turku Collegium for Science and Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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44
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Reh R, Williams LJ, Todd RM, Ward LM. Warped rhythms: Epileptic activity during critical periods disrupts the development of neural networks for human communication. Behav Brain Res 2020; 399:113016. [PMID: 33212087 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.113016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
It is well established that temporal lobe epilepsy-the most common and well-studied form of epilepsy-can impair communication by disrupting social-emotional and language functions. In pediatric epilepsy, where seizures co-occur with the development of critical brain networks, age of onset matters: The earlier in life seizures begin, the worse the disruption in network establishment, resulting in academic hardship and social isolation. Yet, little is known about the processes by which epileptic activity disrupts developing human brain networks. Here we take a synthetic perspective-reviewing a range of research spanning studies on molecular and oscillatory processes to those on the development of large-scale functional networks-in support of a novel model of how such networks can be disrupted by epilepsy. We seek to bridge the gap between research on molecular processes, on the development of human brain circuitry, and on clinical outcomes to propose a model of how epileptic activity disrupts brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Reh
- University of British Columbia, Department of Psychology, 2136 West Mall, Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Lynne J Williams
- BC Children's Hospital MRI Research Facility, 4480 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 0B3, Canada
| | - Rebecca M Todd
- University of British Columbia, Department of Psychology, 2136 West Mall, Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; University of British Columbia, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
| | - Lawrence M Ward
- University of British Columbia, Department of Psychology, 2136 West Mall, Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; University of British Columbia, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
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45
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The vulnerability of the immature brain. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2020. [PMID: 32958197 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-64150-2.00010-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The concept of vulnerability of the immature brain is multifactorial by definition. Newer scientific work in this area has shifted and enlarged the concept from theoretical frameworks to the multiple levels (molecular, cellular, anatomic, network, behavioral) of the organization of the growing brain. The concept of vulnerability was first introduced by Donald O. Hebb in the 1950s and referred to the inability of the immature brain to completely recover normal development after a brain insult. The concept of vulnerability was further extended to the limitations of the brain in the development of specific skills in neuronal substrates originally used for other functions. We present an overview of some neurodevelopmental processes that characterize the immature brain and that can predict vulnerability in the case of disturbances: Hebb's principle, synaptic homeostasis, selective vulnerability of immature cells in mammals, and inherited constraint networks. A better understanding of the vulnerability mechanisms may help in early detection and prevention and further proposed individualized therapeutic approaches to enhance children's developmental outcomes.
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46
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Solot CB, Moore TM, Crowley TB, Gerdes M, Moss E, McGinn DE, Emanuel BS, Zackai EH, Gallagher S, Calkins ME, Ruparel K, Gur RC, McDonald-McGinn D, Gur RE. Early language measures associated with later psychosis features in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2020; 183:392-400. [PMID: 32715620 PMCID: PMC8050829 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is associated with impaired cognitive functions and increased risk for schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Speech and language deficits are prominent, with evidence of decline anteceding emergence of psychosis. There is paucity of data examining language function in children with 22q11DS with follow-up assessment of psychosis spectrum (PS) symptoms. We examined the association between early language measures, obtained clinically, and PS status, obtained on average 10.1 years later, in 166 youths with 22q11DS, with repeated language testing in 48. Participants were administered the Preschool Language Scale (receptive/expressive), and/or, for school aged children, the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals (receptive/expressive), and age appropriate IQ tests. The structured interview for prodromal syndromes (SIPS) assessed PS symptoms. We found that performance on all preschool measures showed age associated decline, and males performed more poorly on core composite (receptive/expressive) and receptive language measures. For language assessment later in childhood, poorer performance was consistently associated with subsequent PS status. Furthermore, steeper age-related decline was seen in the PS group across language measures and marginally for full-scale IQ. These findings suggest that while preschool language testing is useful in characterizing performance decline in individuals with 22q11DS, it does not robustly differentiate those with subsequent PS from those without. However, language testing in the school age population can help identify individuals with 22q11DS who are at risk for psychosis. Such data are needed for elucidating a lifespan trajectory for affected individuals and may help understand pathways to psychosis applicable to the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia B. Solot
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Tyler M. Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Behavior Laboratory, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - T. Blaine Crowley
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Marsha Gerdes
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Edward Moss
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Daniel E. McGinn
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Beverly S. Emanuel
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Elaine H. Zackai
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sean Gallagher
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Monica E. Calkins
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kosha Ruparel
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ruben C. Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Donna McDonald-McGinn
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Raquel E. Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
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47
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Wang J, Yang Y, Zhao X, Zuo Z, Tan LH. Evolutional and developmental anatomical architecture of the left inferior frontal gyrus. Neuroimage 2020; 222:117268. [PMID: 32818615 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) including Broca's area is involved in the processing of many language subdomains, and thus, research on the evolutional and human developmental characteristics of the left IFG will shed light on how language emerges and maturates. In this study, we used diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) and resting-state functional MRI (fMRI) to investigate the evolutional and developmental patterns of the left IFG in humans (age 6-8, age 11-13, and age 16-18 years) and macaques. Tractography-based parcellation was used to define the subcomponents of left IFG and consistently identified four subregions in both humans and macaques. This parcellation scheme for left IFG in human was supported by specific coactivation patterns and functional characterization for each subregion. During evolution and development, we found increased functional balance, amplitude of low frequency fluctuations, functional integration, and functional couplings. We also observed higher fractional anisotropy values, i.e. better myelination of dorsal and ventral white matter language pathways during evolution and development. We assume that the resting-state functional connectivity and task-related coactivation mapping are associated with hierarchical language processing. Our findings have shown the evolutional and human developmental patterns of left IFG, and will contribute to the understanding of how the human language evolves and how atypical language developmental disorders may occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiang Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 625014, China; Center for Language and Brain, Shenzhen Institute of Neuroscience, Shenzhen 518057, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Center for Brain Science and Learning Difficulties, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xudong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhentao Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Li-Hai Tan
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration and Ministry of Education CNS Regeneration Collaborative Joint Laboratory, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Center for Language and Brain, Shenzhen Institute of Neuroscience, Shenzhen 518057, China.
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48
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Zhao H, Brigadoi S, Chitnis D, Vita ED, Castellaro M, Powell S, Everdell NL, Cooper RJ. A wide field-of-view, modular, high-density diffuse optical tomography system for minimally constrained three-dimensional functional neuroimaging. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:4110-4129. [PMID: 32923032 PMCID: PMC7449732 DOI: 10.1364/boe.394914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The ability to produce high-quality images of human brain function in any environment and during unconstrained movement of the subject has long been a goal of neuroimaging research. Diffuse optical tomography, which uses the intensity of back-scattered near-infrared light from multiple source-detector pairs to image changes in haemoglobin concentrations in the brain, is uniquely placed to achieve this goal. Here, we describe a new generation of modular, fibre-less, high-density diffuse optical tomography technology that provides exceptional sensitivity, a large dynamic range, a field-of-view sufficient to cover approximately one-third of the adult scalp, and also incorporates dedicated motion sensing into each module. Using in-vivo measures, we demonstrate a noise-equivalent power of 318 fW, and an effective dynamic range of 142 dB. We describe the application of this system to a novel somatomotor neuroimaging paradigm that involves subjects walking and texting on a smartphone. Our results demonstrate that wearable high-density diffuse optical tomography permits three-dimensional imaging of the human brain function during overt movement of the subject; images of somatomotor cortical activation can be obtained while subjects move in a relatively unconstrained manner, and these images are in good agreement with those obtained while the subjects remain stationary. The scalable nature of the technology we described here paves the way for the routine acquisition of high-quality, three-dimensional, whole-cortex diffuse optical tomography images of cerebral haemodynamics, both inside and outside of the laboratory environment, which has profound implications for neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hubin Zhao
- DOT-HUB, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Sabrina Brigadoi
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Danial Chitnis
- School of Engineering, Institute for Integrated Micro and Nano Systems, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FF, UK
| | - Enrico De Vita
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Marco Castellaro
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Samuel Powell
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Nicholas L. Everdell
- DOT-HUB, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Robert J. Cooper
- DOT-HUB, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
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49
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Benischek A, Long X, Rohr CS, Bray S, Dewey D, Lebel C. Pre-reading language abilities and the brain’s functional reading network in young children. Neuroimage 2020; 217:116903. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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50
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Enge A, Friederici AD, Skeide MA. A meta-analysis of fMRI studies of language comprehension in children. Neuroimage 2020; 215:116858. [PMID: 32304886 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The neural representation of language comprehension has been examined in several meta-analyses of fMRI studies with human adults. To complement this work from a developmental perspective, we conducted a meta-analysis of fMRI studies of auditory language comprehension in human children. Our analysis included 27 independent experiments involving n = 625 children (49% girls) with a mean age of 8.9 years. Activation likelihood estimation and seed-based effect size mapping revealed activation peaks in the pars triangularis of the left inferior frontal gyrus and bilateral superior and middle temporal gyri. In contrast to this distribution of activation in children, previous work in adults found activation peaks in the pars opercularis of the left inferior frontal gyrus and more left-lateralized temporal activation peaks. Accordingly, brain responses during language comprehension may shift from bilateral temporal and left pars triangularis peaks in childhood to left temporal and pars opercularis peaks in adulthood. This shift could be related to the gradually increasing sensitivity of the developing brain to syntactic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Enge
- Department of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, 04103, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Angela D Friederici
- Department of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael A Skeide
- Department of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
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