1
|
Gabele L, Bochow I, Rieke N, Sieben C, Michaelsen-Preusse K, Hosseini S, Korte M. H7N7 viral infection elicits pronounced, sex-specific neuroinflammatory responses in vitro. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1444876. [PMID: 39171200 PMCID: PMC11335524 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1444876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) infection can increase the risk of neuroinflammation, and subsequent neurodegenerative diseases. Certain IAV strains, such as avian H7N7 subtype, possess neurotropic properties, enabling them to directly invade the brain parenchyma and infect neurons and glia cells. Host sex significantly influences the severity of IAV infections. Studies indicate that females of the reproductive age exhibit stronger innate and adaptive immune responses to IAVs compared to males. This heightened immune response correlates with increased morbidity and mortality, and potential neuronal damage in females. Understanding the sex-specific neurotropism of IAV and associated mechanisms leading to adverse neurological outcomes is essential. Our study reveals that primary hippocampal cultures from female mice show heightened interferon-β and pro-inflammatory chemokine secretion following neurotropic IAV infection. We observed sex-specific differences in microglia activation: both sexes showed a transition into a hyper-ramified state, but only male-derived microglia exhibited an increase in amoeboid-shaped cells. These disparities extended to alterations in neuronal morphology. Neurons derived from female mice displayed increased spine density within 24 h post-infection, while no significant change was observed in male cultures. This aligns with sex-specific differences in microglial synaptic pruning. Data suggest that amoeboid-shaped microglia preferentially target postsynaptic terminals, potentially reducing neuronal hyperexcitability. Conversely, hyper-ramified microglia may focus on presynaptic terminals, potentially limiting viral spread. In conclusion, our findings underscore the utility of primary hippocampal cultures, incorporating microglia, as an effective model to study sex-specific, virus-induced effects on brain-resident cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lea Gabele
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Research Group Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Isabell Bochow
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Nele Rieke
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Nanoscale Infection Biology Group, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Christian Sieben
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Nanoscale Infection Biology Group, Braunschweig, Germany
- Institute of Genetics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kristin Michaelsen-Preusse
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Shirin Hosseini
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Research Group Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Martin Korte
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Research Group Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration, Braunschweig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lu L, Li J, Jiang X, Bai R. CXCR4/CXCL12 axis: "old" pathway as "novel" target for anti-inflammatory drug discovery. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:1189-1220. [PMID: 38178560 DOI: 10.1002/med.22011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Inflammation is the body's defense response to exogenous or endogenous stimuli, involving complex regulatory mechanisms. Discovering anti-inflammatory drugs with both effectiveness and long-term use safety is still the direction of researchers' efforts. The inflammatory pathway was initially identified to be involved in tumor metastasis and HIV infection. However, research in recent years has proved that the CXC chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4)/CXC motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) axis plays a critical role in the upstream of the inflammatory pathway due to its chemotaxis to inflammatory cells. Blocking the chemotaxis of inflammatory cells by CXCL12 at the inflammatory site may block and alleviate the inflammatory response. Therefore, developing CXCR4 antagonists has become a novel strategy for anti-inflammatory therapy. This review aimed to systematically summarize and analyze the mechanisms of action of the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis in more than 20 inflammatory diseases, highlighting its crucial role in inflammation. Additionally, the anti-inflammatory activities of CXCR4 antagonists were discussed. The findings might help generate new perspectives for developing anti-inflammatory drugs targeting the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liuxin Lu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-tumor Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junjie Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-tumor Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoying Jiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-tumor Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Renren Bai
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-tumor Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li Y, Duan J, Li Y, Zhang M, Wu J, Wang G, Li S, Hu Z, Qu Y, Li Y, Hu X, Guo F, Cao L, Lu J. Transcriptomic profiling across human serotonin neuron differentiation via the FEV reporter system. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:107. [PMID: 38637896 PMCID: PMC11027224 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03728-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The detailed transcriptomic profiles during human serotonin neuron (SN) differentiation remain elusive. The establishment of a reporter system based on SN terminal selector holds promise to produce highly-purified cells with an early serotonergic fate and help elucidate the molecular events during human SN development process. METHODS A fifth Ewing variant (FEV)-EGFP reporter system was established by CRISPR/Cas9 technology to indicate SN since postmitotic stage. FACS was performed to purify SN from the heterogeneous cell populations. RNA-sequencing analysis was performed for cells at four key stages of differentiation (pluripotent stem cells, serotonergic neural progenitors, purified postmitotic SN and purifed mature SN) to explore the transcriptomic dynamics during SN differentiation. RESULTS We found that human serotonergic fate specification may commence as early as day 21 of differentiation from human pluripotent stem cells. Furthermore, the transcriptional factors ZIC1, HOXA2 and MSX2 were identified as the hub genes responsible for orchestrating serotonergic fate determination. CONCLUSIONS For the first time, we exposed the developmental transcriptomic profiles of human SN via FEV reporter system, which will further our understanding for the development process of human SN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingqi Li
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinjin Duan
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - You Li
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meihui Zhang
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaan Wu
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guanhao Wang
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuanqing Li
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhangsen Hu
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Qu
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunhe Li
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiran Hu
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Lining Cao
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jianfeng Lu
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
- Suzhou Institute of Tongji University, Suzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sowa JE, Tokarski K, Hess G. Activation of the CXCR4 Receptor by Chemokine CXCL12 Increases the Excitability of Neurons in the Rat Central Amygdala. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2024; 19:9. [PMID: 38430337 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-024-10112-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Primarily regarded as immune proteins, chemokines are emerging as a family of molecules serving neuromodulatory functions in the developing and adult brain. Among them, CXCL12 is constitutively and widely expressed in the CNS, where it was shown to act on cellular, synaptic, network, and behavioral levels. Its receptor, CXCR4, is abundant in the amygdala, a brain structure involved in pathophysiology of anxiety disorders. Dysregulation of CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling has been implicated in anxiety-related behaviors. Here we demonstrate that exogenous CXCL12 at 2 nM but not at 5 nM increased neuronal excitability in the lateral division of the rat central amygdala (CeL) which was evident in the Late-Firing but not Regular-Spiking neurons. These effects were blocked by AMD3100, a CXCR4 antagonist. Moreover, CXCL12 increased the excitability of the neurons of the basolateral amygdala (BLA) that is known to project to the CeL. However, CXCL12 increased neither the spontaneous excitatory nor spontaneous inhibitory synaptic transmission in the CeL. In summary, the data reveal specific activation of Late-Firing CeL cells along with BLA neurons by CXCL12 and suggest that this chemokine may alter information processing by the amygdala that likely contributes to anxiety and fear conditioning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Ewa Sowa
- Department of Physiology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Street, Krakow, 31-343, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Tokarski
- Department of Physiology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Street, Krakow, 31-343, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Hess
- Department of Physiology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Street, Krakow, 31-343, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Amoriello R, Memo C, Ballerini L, Ballerini C. The brain cytokine orchestra in multiple sclerosis: from neuroinflammation to synaptopathology. Mol Brain 2024; 17:4. [PMID: 38263055 PMCID: PMC10807071 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-024-01077-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) is finely protected by the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Immune soluble factors such as cytokines (CKs) are normally produced in the CNS, contributing to physiological immunosurveillance and homeostatic synaptic scaling. CKs are peptide, pleiotropic molecules involved in a broad range of cellular functions, with a pivotal role in resolving the inflammation and promoting tissue healing. However, pro-inflammatory CKs can exert a detrimental effect in pathological conditions, spreading the damage. In the inflamed CNS, CKs recruit immune cells, stimulate the local production of other inflammatory mediators, and promote synaptic dysfunction. Our understanding of neuroinflammation in humans owes much to the study of multiple sclerosis (MS), the most common autoimmune and demyelinating disease, in which autoreactive T cells migrate from the periphery to the CNS after the encounter with a still unknown antigen. CNS-infiltrating T cells produce pro-inflammatory CKs that aggravate local demyelination and neurodegeneration. This review aims to recapitulate the state of the art about CKs role in the healthy and inflamed CNS, with focus on recent advances bridging the study of adaptive immune system and neurophysiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Amoriello
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA/ISAS), 34136, Trieste, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, University of Florence, 50139, Florence, Italy.
| | - Christian Memo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, University of Florence, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Ballerini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, University of Florence, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Clara Ballerini
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA/ISAS), 34136, Trieste, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fujita Y, Iwata S, Hidese S, Ishiwata S, Ide S, Tanaka H, Sonomoto K, Miyazaki Y, Nakayamada S, Ikenouchi A, Hattori K, Kunugi H, Yoshimura R, Tanaka Y. Reduced homovanillic acid, SDF-1α and SCGF-β levels in cerebrospinal fluid are related to depressive states in systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2023; 62:3490-3500. [PMID: 36852847 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kead091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to seek a new method of evaluation and surrogate markers for diffuse neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE). METHODS We enrolled 44 patients with SLE between 2017 and 2020 who fulfilled at least one of three specific inclusion criteria: high disease activity, abnormal findings (cerebrospinal fluid [CSF] examination, brain MRI, or electroencephalography), or history of neuropsychiatric illness. Psychiatric symptom rating scales (PSYRATS) were evaluated retrospectively. The primary end point was the PSYRATS positivity rate in SLE patients who had not been diagnosed with diffuse NPSLE. RESULTS Based on the 1999 ACR classifications, 7 out of the 44 patients evaluated using PSYRATS had been diagnosed with diffuse NPSLE. PSYRATS positivity was seen in 13 out of 37 SLE patients (35.1%) who had not been diagnosed with diffuse NPSLE, and all these patients were positive for Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), an indicator of depression state in PSYRATS. Additionally, in the 20 SLE patients exhibiting depression symptoms who were MADRS-positive, CSF concentrations of the neuroinflammatory markers homovanillic acid (HVA; P = 0.0400), stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α; P = 0.0431) and stem cell growth factor-β (SCGF-1β; P = 0.0061) were significantly reduced compared with the 24 MADRS-negative SLE patients, and the levels of HVA, SDF-1α and SCGF-1β correlated with one another (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Many patients with active SLE have subclinical depression, and MADRS evaluation of neuropsychiatric symptoms is useful for detecting them. Additionally, the decrease in CSF levels of HVA, SDF-1 α and SCGF-1β reflects the same pathology, and these may serve as surrogate markers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Fujita
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Shigeru Iwata
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Hidese
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Centre of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sayuri Ishiwata
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Centre of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Ide
- Department of Radiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tanaka
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Koshiro Sonomoto
- Department of Clinical Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Miyazaki
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Shingo Nakayamada
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Atsuko Ikenouchi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka, Japan
- Medical Center for Dementia, Hospital of the University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kotaro Hattori
- Department of Psychiatry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Bioresources, Medical Genome Center, National Centre of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kunugi
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Centre of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reiji Yoshimura
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Tanaka
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Herrera-Imbroda J, Flores-López M, Ruiz-Sastre P, Gómez-Sánchez-Lafuente C, Bordallo-Aragón A, Rodríguez de Fonseca F, Mayoral-Cleríes F. The Inflammatory Signals Associated with Psychosis: Impact of Comorbid Drug Abuse. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020454. [PMID: 36830990 PMCID: PMC9953424 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychosis and substance use disorders are two diagnostic categories whose association has been studied for decades. In addition, both psychosis spectrum disorders and drug abuse have recently been linked to multiple pro-inflammatory changes in the central nervous system. We have carried out a narrative review of the literature through a holistic approach. We used PubMed as our search engine. We included in the review all relevant studies looking at pro-inflammatory changes in psychotic disorders and substance use disorders. We found that there are multiple studies that relate various pro-inflammatory lipids and proteins with psychosis and substance use disorders, with an overlap between the two. The main findings involve inflammatory mediators such as cytokines, chemokines, endocannabinoids, eicosanoids, lysophospholipds and/or bacterial products. Many of these findings are present in different phases of psychosis and in substance use disorders such as cannabis, cocaine, methamphetamines, alcohol and nicotine. Psychosis and substance use disorders may have a common origin in an abnormal neurodevelopment caused, among other factors, by a neuroinflammatory process. A possible convergent pathway is that which interrelates the transcriptional factors NFκB and PPARγ. This may have future clinical implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Herrera-Imbroda
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología y Pediatría, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - María Flores-López
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Paloma Ruiz-Sastre
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.R.-S.); (C.G.-S.-L.)
| | - Carlos Gómez-Sánchez-Lafuente
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.R.-S.); (C.G.-S.-L.)
| | - Antonio Bordallo-Aragón
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Fermín Mayoral-Cleríes
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gao M, Wang K, Zhao H. GABAergic neurons maturation is regulated by a delicate network. Int J Dev Neurosci 2023; 83:3-15. [PMID: 36401305 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gamma-aminobutyric acid-expressing (GABAergic) neurons are implicated in a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders, such as epilepsy, anxiety, autism, and other pathological processes, including cerebral ischemia injury and drug addiction. Therefore, GABAergic neuronal processes warrant further research. The development of GABAergic neurons is a tightly controlled process involving the activity of multiple transcription and growth factors. Here, we focus on the gene expression pathways and the molecular modulatory networks that are engaged during the development of GABAergic neurons with the goal of exploring regulatory mechanisms that influence GABAergic neuron fate (i.e., maturation). Overall, we hope to provide a basis for clarifying the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingxing Gao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Kaizhong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zakiniaeiz Y, Hoye J, Ryan Petrulli J, LeVasseur B, Stanley G, Gao H, Najafzadeh S, Ropchan J, Nabulsi N, Huang Y, Chen MK, Matuskey D, Barron DS, Kelmendi B, Fulbright RK, Hampson M, Cosgrove KP, Morris ED. Systemic inflammation enhances stimulant-induced striatal dopamine elevation in tobacco smokers. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 106:262-269. [PMID: 36058419 PMCID: PMC10097458 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune-brain interactions influence the pathophysiology of addiction. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced systemic inflammation produces effects on reward-related brain regions and the dopamine system. We previously showed that LPS amplifies dopamine elevation induced by methylphenidate (MP), compared to placebo (PBO), in eight healthy controls. However, the effects of LPS on the dopamine system of tobacco smokers have not been explored. The goal of Study 1 was to replicate previous findings in an independent cohort of tobacco smokers. The goal of Study 2 was to combine tobacco smokers with the aforementioned eight healthy controls to examine the effect of LPS on dopamine elevation in a heterogenous sample for power and effect size determination. Eight smokers were each scanned with [11C]raclopride positron emission tomography three times-at baseline, after administration of LPS (0.8 ng/kg, intravenously) and MP (40 mg, orally), and after administration of PBO and MP, in a double-blind, randomized order. Dopamine elevation was quantified as change in [11C]raclopride binding potential (ΔBPND) from baseline. A repeated-measures ANOVA was conducted to compare LPS and PBO conditions. Smokers and healthy controls were well-matched for demographics, drug dosing, and scanning parameters. In Study 1, MP-induced striatal dopamine elevation was significantly higher following LPS than PBO (p = 0.025, 18 ± 2.9 % vs 13 ± 2.7 %) for smokers. In Study 2, MP-induced striatal dopamine elevation was also significantly higher under LPS than under PBO (p < 0.001, 18 ± 1.6 % vs 11 ± 1.5 %) in the combined sample. Smoking status did not interact with the effect of condition. This is the first study to translate the phenomenon of amplified dopamine elevation after experimental activation of the immune system to an addicted sample which may have implications for drug reinforcement, seeking, and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Zakiniaeiz
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Jocelyn Hoye
- Yale Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Joseph Ryan Petrulli
- Yale Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Gelsina Stanley
- Yale Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hong Gao
- Yale Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Soheila Najafzadeh
- Yale Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jim Ropchan
- Yale Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Nabeel Nabulsi
- Yale Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yiyun Huang
- Yale Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ming-Kai Chen
- Yale Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - David Matuskey
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Daniel S Barron
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Benjamin Kelmendi
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Robert K Fulbright
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Michelle Hampson
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kelly P Cosgrove
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Evan D Morris
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Michalettos G, Ruscher K. Crosstalk Between GABAergic Neurotransmission and Inflammatory Cascades in the Post-ischemic Brain: Relevance for Stroke Recovery. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:807911. [PMID: 35401118 PMCID: PMC8983863 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.807911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptive plasticity processes are required involving neurons as well as non-neuronal cells to recover lost brain functions after an ischemic stroke. Recent studies show that gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) has profound effects on glial and immune cell functions in addition to its inhibitory actions on neuronal circuits in the post-ischemic brain. Here, we provide an overview of how GABAergic neurotransmission changes during the first weeks after stroke and how GABA affects functions of astroglial and microglial cells as well as peripheral immune cell populations accumulating in the ischemic territory and brain regions remote to the lesion. Moreover, we will summarize recent studies providing data on the immunomodulatory actions of GABA of relevance for stroke recovery. Interestingly, the activation of GABA receptors on immune cells exerts a downregulation of detrimental anti-inflammatory cascades. Conversely, we will discuss studies addressing how specific inflammatory cascades affect GABAergic neurotransmission on the level of GABA receptor composition, GABA synthesis, and release. In particular, the chemokines CXCR4 and CX3CR1 pathways have been demonstrated to modulate receptor composition and synthesis. Together, the actual view on the interactions between GABAergic neurotransmission and inflammatory cascades points towards a specific crosstalk in the post-ischemic brain. Similar to what has been shown in experimental models, specific therapeutic modulation of GABAergic neurotransmission and inflammatory pathways may synergistically promote neuronal plasticity to enhance stroke recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Michalettos
- Laboratory for Experimental Brain Research, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karsten Ruscher
- Laboratory for Experimental Brain Research, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- LUBIN Lab—Lunds Laboratorium för Neurokirurgisk Hjärnskadeforskning, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Karsten Ruscher
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cellular, synaptic, and network effects of chemokines in the central nervous system and their implications to behavior. Pharmacol Rep 2021; 73:1595-1625. [PMID: 34498203 PMCID: PMC8599319 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-021-00323-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence highlights chemokines as key mediators of the bidirectional crosstalk between neurons and glial cells aimed at preserving brain functioning. The multifaceted role of these immune proteins in the CNS is mirrored by the complexity of the mechanisms underlying its biological function, including biased signaling. Neurons, only in concert with glial cells, are essential players in the modulation of brain homeostatic functions. Yet, attempts to dissect these complex multilevel mechanisms underlying coordination are still lacking. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to summarize the current knowledge about mechanisms underlying chemokine regulation of neuron-glia crosstalk linking molecular, cellular, network, and behavioral levels. Following a brief description of molecular mechanisms by which chemokines interact with their receptors and then summarizing cellular patterns of chemokine expression in the CNS, we next delve into the sequence and mechanisms of chemokine-regulated neuron-glia communication in the context of neuroprotection. We then define the interactions with other neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, and gliotransmitters. Finally, we describe their fine-tuning on the network level and the behavioral relevance of their modulation. We believe that a better understanding of the sequence and nature of events that drive neuro-glial communication holds promise for the development of new treatment strategies that could, in a context- and time-dependent manner, modulate the action of specific chemokines to promote brain repair and reduce the neurological impairment.
Collapse
|
12
|
Michalettos G, Walter HL, Antunes ARP, Wieloch T, Talhada D, Ruscher K. Effect of Anti-inflammatory Treatment with AMD3100 and CX 3CR1 Deficiency on GABA A Receptor Subunit and Expression of Glutamate Decarboxylase Isoforms After Stroke. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:5876-5889. [PMID: 34417725 PMCID: PMC8599239 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02510-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Following stroke, attenuation of detrimental inflammatory pathways might be a promising strategy to improve long-term outcome. In particular, cascades driven by pro-inflammatory chemokines interact with neurotransmitter systems such as the GABAergic system. This crosstalk might be of relevance for mechanisms of neuronal plasticity, however, detailed studies are lacking. The purpose of this study was to determine if treatment with 1,1′-[1,4-phenylenebis(methylene)]bis[1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane] (AMD3100), an antagonist to the C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) and partial allosteric agonist to CXCR7 (AMD3100) alone or in combination with C-X3-C chemokine receptor type 1 (CX3CR1) deficiency, affect the expression of GABAA subunits and glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) isoforms. Heterozygous, CX3CR1-deficient mice and wild-type littermates were subjected to photothrombosis (PT). Treatment with AMD3100 (0.5 mg/kg twice daily i.p.) was administered starting from day 2 after induction of PT until day 14 after the insult. At this time point, GABAA receptor subunits (α3, β3, δ), GAD65 and GAD67, and CXCR4 were analyzed from the peri-infarct tissue and homotypic brain regions of the contralateral hemisphere by quantitative real-time PCR and Western Blot. Fourteen days after PT, CX3CR1 deficiency resulted in a significant decrease of the three GABAA receptor subunits in both the lesioned and the contralateral hemisphere compared to sham-operated mice. Treatment with AMD3100 promoted the down-regulation of GABAA subunits and GAD67 in the ipsilateral peri-infarct area, while the β3 subunit and the GAD isoforms were up-regulated in homotypic regions of the contralateral cortex. Changes in GABAA receptor subunits and GABA synthesis suggest that the CXCR4/7 and CX3CR1 signaling pathways are involved in the regulation of GABAergic neurotransmission in the post-ischemic brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Michalettos
- Laboratory for Experimental Brain Research, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, BMC A13, S-22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - Helene L Walter
- Laboratory for Experimental Brain Research, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, BMC A13, S-22184, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ana Rita Pombo Antunes
- Laboratory for Experimental Brain Research, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, BMC A13, S-22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - Tadeusz Wieloch
- Laboratory for Experimental Brain Research, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, BMC A13, S-22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - Daniela Talhada
- Laboratory for Experimental Brain Research, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, BMC A13, S-22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karsten Ruscher
- Laboratory for Experimental Brain Research, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, BMC A13, S-22184, Lund, Sweden. .,LUBIN Lab - Lunds Laboratorium För Neurokirurgisk Hjärnskadeforskning, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Aji A, Aihemaiti R, Zou S, Maisiyiti A, Zhang C, Liu R, Sulidan X. BHLHE40 modulates post-traumatic stress disorder behaviors with the involvement of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2021; 93:e20201708. [PMID: 34161515 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202120201708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is closely related to the exposure to traumatic events and results in the structural and functional changes of hippocampus. Human basic helix-loop-helix family member e40 (BHLHE40) was reported to be implicated with neuron maturity and neuronal differentiation. The present study aimed to reveal the role of BHLHE40 on single-prolonged stress (SPS) model of PTSD in mice. The morris water maze test, open field test and contextual fear test were conducted to assess memory deficits, anxiety-like behaviors, and freezing of mice. Western blot was performed to identify proteins and reveal their levels in hippocampal tissues. We found that mice receiving SPS exhibited increased anxiety-like behaviors, memory deficits, and prolonged freezing time. The protein levels of BHLHE40 were downregulated in the hippocampal tissues of SPS mice. SPS reduced the protein levels of glutamate receptors, while overexpression of BHLHE40 promoted glutamate receptor protein levels in SPS mice. Moreover, BHLHE40 overexpression activated the PI3K/AKT pathway. BHLHE40 overexpression ameliorated the SPS-induced PTSD-like behavioral deficits. Overall, BHLHE40 promotes glutamate receptor protein levels to ameliorate PTSD-like behaviors with the involvement of the PI3K/AKT pathway. This novel discovery may provide a potential target for the improvement of PTSD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adila Aji
- Department of Clinical Psychology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumuqi 830001, Xinjiang, China
| | - Rena Aihemaiti
- Department of Second Psychiatry, Mental Health Center of Xinjiang in China, Urumuqi 830001, Xinjiang, China
| | - Shaohong Zou
- Department of Clinical Psychology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumuqi 830001, Xinjiang, China
| | - Alimujiang Maisiyiti
- Department of minimally invasive surgery, hernia and abdominal wall surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumuqi 830001, Xinjiang, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Clinical Psychology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumuqi 830001, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ruonan Liu
- Department of Clinical Psychology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumuqi 830001, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaokaiti Sulidan
- Department of Second Psychiatry, Mental Health Center of Xinjiang in China, Urumuqi 830001, Xinjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hilla AM, Baehr A, Leibinger M, Andreadaki A, Fischer D. CXCR4/CXCL12-mediated entrapment of axons at the injury site compromises optic nerve regeneration. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2016409118. [PMID: 34011605 PMCID: PMC8166183 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2016409118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Regenerative failure in the mammalian optic nerve is generally attributed to axotomy-induced retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death, an insufficient intrinsic regenerative capacity, and an extrinsic inhibitory environment. Here, we show that a chemoattractive CXCL12/CXCR4-dependent mechanism prevents the extension of growth-stimulated axons into the distal nerve. The chemokine CXCL12 is chemoattractive toward axonal growth cones in an inhibitory environment, and these effects are entirely abolished by the specific knockout of its receptor, CXCR4 (CXCR4-/-), in cultured regenerating RGCs. Notably, 8% of naïve RGCs express CXCL12 and transport the chemokine along their axons in the nerve. Thus, axotomy causes its release at the injury site. However, most osteopontin-positive α-RGCs, the main neuronal population that survives optic nerve injury, express CXCR4 instead. Thus, CXCL12-mediated attraction prevents growth-stimulated axons from regenerating distally in the nerve, indicated by axons returning to the lesion site. Accordingly, specific depletion of CXCR4 in RGC reduces aberrant axonal growth and enables long-distance regeneration. Likewise, CXCL12 knockout in RGCs fully mimics these CXCR4-/- effects. Thus, active CXCL12/CXCR4-mediated entrapment of regenerating axons to the injury site contributes to regenerative failure in the optic nerve.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Hilla
- Department of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Annemarie Baehr
- Department of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Marco Leibinger
- Department of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Anastasia Andreadaki
- Department of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Dietmar Fischer
- Department of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Leite Dantas R, Freff J, Ambrée O, Beins EC, Forstner AJ, Dannlowski U, Baune BT, Scheu S, Alferink J. Dendritic Cells: Neglected Modulators of Peripheral Immune Responses and Neuroinflammation in Mood Disorders? Cells 2021; 10:941. [PMID: 33921690 PMCID: PMC8072712 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Affective disorders (AD) including major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) are common mood disorders associated with increased disability and poor health outcomes. Altered immune responses characterized by increased serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and neuroinflammation are common findings in patients with AD and in corresponding animal models. Dendritic cells (DCs) represent a heterogeneous population of myeloid cells that orchestrate innate and adaptive immune responses and self-tolerance. Upon sensing exogenous and endogenous danger signals, mature DCs secrete proinflammatory factors, acquire migratory and antigen presenting capacities and thus contribute to neuroinflammation in trauma, autoimmunity, and neurodegenerative diseases. However, little is known about the involvement of DCs in the pathogenesis of AD. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on DCs in peripheral immune responses and neuroinflammation in MDD and BD. In addition, we consider the impact of DCs on neuroinflammation and behavior in animal models of AD. Finally, we will discuss therapeutic perspectives targeting DCs and their effector molecules in mood disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Leite Dantas
- Department of Mental Health, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (R.L.D.); (J.F.); (U.D.); (B.T.B.)
- Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jana Freff
- Department of Mental Health, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (R.L.D.); (J.F.); (U.D.); (B.T.B.)
- Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Oliver Ambrée
- Department of Behavioural Biology, University of Osnabrück, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany;
- Center of Cellular Nanoanalytics, University of Osnabrück, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Eva C. Beins
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (E.C.B.); (A.J.F.)
| | - Andreas J. Forstner
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (E.C.B.); (A.J.F.)
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Center Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Udo Dannlowski
- Department of Mental Health, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (R.L.D.); (J.F.); (U.D.); (B.T.B.)
| | - Bernhard T. Baune
- Department of Mental Health, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (R.L.D.); (J.F.); (U.D.); (B.T.B.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Stefanie Scheu
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Judith Alferink
- Department of Mental Health, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (R.L.D.); (J.F.); (U.D.); (B.T.B.)
- Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
A peripheral inflammatory signature discriminates bipolar from unipolar depression: A machine learning approach. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 105:110136. [PMID: 33045321 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mood disorders (major depressive disorder, MDD, and bipolar disorder, BD) are considered leading causes of life-long disability worldwide, where high rates of no response to treatment or relapse and delays in receiving a proper diagnosis (~60% of depressed BD patients are initially misdiagnosed as MDD) contribute to a growing personal and socio-economic burden. The immune system may represent a new target to develop novel diagnostic and therapeutic procedures but reliable biomarkers still need to be found. METHODS In our study we predicted the differential diagnosis of mood disorders by considering the plasma levels of 54 cytokines, chemokines and growth factors of 81 BD and 127 MDD depressed patients. Clinical diagnoses were predicted also against 32 healthy controls. Elastic net models, including 5000 non-parametric bootstrapping procedure and inner and outer 10-fold nested cross-validation were performed in order to identify the signatures for the disorders. RESULTS Results showed that the immune-inflammatory signature classifies the two disorders with a high accuracy (AUC = 97%), specifically 92% and 86% respectively for MDD and BD. MDD diagnosis was predicted by high levels of markers related to both pro-inflammatory (i.e. IL-1β, IL-6, IL-7, IL-16) and regulatory responses (IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10), whereas BD by high levels of inflammatory markers (CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL11, CCL25, CCL27, CXCL11, IL-9 and TNF-α). CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide novel tools for early diagnosis of BD, strengthening the impact of biomarkers research into clinical practice, and new insights for the development of innovative therapeutic strategies for depressive disorders.
Collapse
|
17
|
Xie MX, Cao XY, Zeng WA, Lai RC, Guo L, Wang JC, Xiao YB, Zhang X, Chen D, Liu XG, Zhang XL. ATF4 selectively regulates heat nociception and contributes to kinesin-mediated TRPM3 trafficking. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1401. [PMID: 33658516 PMCID: PMC7930092 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21731-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective treatments for patients suffering from heat hypersensitivity are lacking, mostly due to our limited understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying this disorder. In the nervous system, activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) is involved in the regulation of synaptic plasticity and memory formation. Here, we show that ATF4 plays an important role in heat nociception. Indeed, loss of ATF4 in mouse dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons selectively impairs heat sensitivity. Mechanistically, we show that ATF4 interacts with transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member-3 (TRPM3) and mediates the membrane trafficking of TRPM3 in DRG neurons in response to heat. Loss of ATF4 also significantly decreases the current and KIF17-mediated trafficking of TRPM3, suggesting that the KIF17/ATF4/TRPM3 complex is required for the neuronal response to heat stimuli. Our findings unveil the non-transcriptional role of ATF4 in the response to heat stimuli in DRG neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Man-Xiu Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xian-Ying Cao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resources Utilization of South China Sea, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou, China
| | - Wei-An Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ren-Chun Lai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lan Guo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou, China
| | - Jun-Chao Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Bin Xiao
- Pain Research Center and Department of Physiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine of Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Pain Research Center and Department of Physiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine of Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, China
| | - Di Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou, China
| | - Xian-Guo Liu
- Pain Research Center and Department of Physiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine of Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiao-Long Zhang
- Medical Research Center of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Rd. 2, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Andrés-Benito P, Povedano M, Domínguez R, Marco C, Colomina MJ, López-Pérez Ó, Santana I, Baldeiras I, Martínez-Yelámos S, Zerr I, Llorens F, Fernández-Irigoyen J, Santamaría E, Ferrer I. Increased C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 12 Levels in Cerebrospinal Fluid as a Candidate Biomarker in Sporadic Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228680. [PMID: 33213069 PMCID: PMC7698527 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (sALS) is a fatal progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting upper and lower motor neurons. Biomarkers are useful to facilitate the diagnosis and/or prognosis of patients and to reveal possible mechanistic clues about the disease. This study aimed to identify and validate selected putative biomarkers in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of sALS patients at early disease stages compared with age-matched controls and with other neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer disease (AD), spinal muscular atrophy type III (SMA), frontotemporal dementia behavioral variant (FTD), and multiple sclerosis (MS). SWATH acquisition on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for protein quantitation, and ELISA for validation, were used in CSF samples of sALS cases at early stages of the disease. Analysis of mRNA and protein expression was carried out in the anterior horn of the lumbar spinal cord in post-mortem tissue of sALS cases (terminal stage) and controls using RTq-PCR, and Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry, respectively. SWATH acquisition on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) revealed 51 differentially expressed proteins in the CSF in sALS. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed CXCL12 to be the most valuable candidate biomarker. We validated the values of CXCL12 in CSF with ELISA in two different cohorts. Besides sALS, increased CXCL12 levels were found in MS but were not altered in AD, SMA, and FTD. Therefore, increased CXCL12 levels in the CSF can be useful in the diagnoses of MS and sALS in the context of the clinical settings. CXCL12 immunoreactivity was localized in motor neurons in control and sALS, and in a few glial cells in sALS at the terminal stage; CXCR4 was in a subset of oligodendroglial-like cells and axonal ballooning of motor neurons in sALS; and CXCR7 in motor neurons in control and sALS, and reactive astrocytes in the pyramidal tracts in terminal sALS. CXCL12/CXCR4/CXCR7 axis in the spinal cord probably plays a complex role in inflammation, oligodendroglial and astrocyte signaling, and neuronal and axonal preservation in sALS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pol Andrés-Benito
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Institute Carlos III, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- International Initiative for Treatment and Research Initiative to Cure ALS (TRICALS), Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (M.P.); (R.D.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence: (P.A.-B.); (I.F.); Tel./Fax: +34-94-403-5808 (P.A.-B. & I.F.)
| | - Mònica Povedano
- International Initiative for Treatment and Research Initiative to Cure ALS (TRICALS), Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (M.P.); (R.D.); (C.M.)
- Functional Unit of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (UFELA), Service of Neurology, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- International Initiative for Treatment and Research Initiative to Cure ALS (TRICALS), Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (M.P.); (R.D.); (C.M.)
| | - Carla Marco
- International Initiative for Treatment and Research Initiative to Cure ALS (TRICALS), Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (M.P.); (R.D.); (C.M.)
| | - Maria J. Colomina
- Anesthesia and Critical Care Department, Bellvitge University Hospital-University of Barcelona, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Óscar López-Pérez
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Institute Carlos III, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Isabel Santana
- Neurology Department, CHUC—Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology; and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (I.S.); (I.B.)
| | - Inês Baldeiras
- Neurology Department, CHUC—Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology; and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (I.S.); (I.B.)
| | - Sergio Martínez-Yelámos
- Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Service of Neurology, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Inga Zerr
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany;
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Franc Llorens
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Institute Carlos III, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquín Fernández-Irigoyen
- IDISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.F.-I.); (E.S.)
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Proteomics Platform, Proteored-ISCIII, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Enrique Santamaría
- IDISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.F.-I.); (E.S.)
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Proteomics Platform, Proteored-ISCIII, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Isidro Ferrer
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Institute Carlos III, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- International Initiative for Treatment and Research Initiative to Cure ALS (TRICALS), Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (M.P.); (R.D.); (C.M.)
- Neuropathology, Pathologic Anatomy Service, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.A.-B.); (I.F.); Tel./Fax: +34-94-403-5808 (P.A.-B. & I.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lucerne KE, Kiraly DD. The role of gut-immune-brain signaling in substance use disorders. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2020; 157:311-370. [PMID: 33648673 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2020.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Substance use disorders (SUDs) are debilitating neuropsychiatric conditions that exact enormous costs in terms of loss of life and individual suffering. While much progress has been made defining the neurocircuitry and intracellular signaling cascades that contribute to SUDs, these studies have yielded limited effective treatment options. This has prompted greater exploration of non-traditional targets in addiction. Emerging data suggest inputs from peripheral systems, such as the immune system and the gut microbiome, impact multiple neuropsychiatric diseases, including SUDs. Until recently the gut microbiome, peripheral immune system, and the CNS have been studied independently; however, current work shows the gut microbiome and immune system critically interact to modulate brain function. Additionally, the gut microbiome and immune system intimately regulate one another via extensive bidirectional communication. Accumulating evidence suggests an important role for gut-immune-brain communication in the pathogenesis of substance use disorders. Thus, a better understanding of gut-immune-brain signaling could yield important insight to addiction pathology and potential treatment options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey E Lucerne
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Drew D Kiraly
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Romero-Sanchiz P, Nogueira-Arjona R, Araos P, Serrano A, Barrios V, Argente J, Garcia-Marchena N, Lopez-Tellez A, Rodriguez-Moreno S, Mayoral F, Pavón FJ, Fonseca FRD. Variation in chemokines plasma concentrations in primary care depressed patients associated with Internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1078. [PMID: 31974503 PMCID: PMC6978323 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57967-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
How the presence of inflammation has repercussions for brain function is a topic of active research into depression. Signals released from immune system-related cells, including chemokines, might be indicative of active depression and can, hypothetically, serve as biomarkers of response to interventions, both pharmacological and psychological. The objective of this study is to analyze the peripheral plasma concentrations of CXCL12, CCL11, CX3CL1 and CCL2 in a cohort of depressed primary-care patients, as well as their evolution after an internet-based cognitive-behavioral intervention. The concentrations of those chemokines were measured in 66 primary-care patients with mild and moderate depression, before and after the intervention, as well as 60 controls, using multiplex immunoassays. Concentrations of CXCL12 and CCL2 were significantly higher in the clinical sample in comparison with controls. A stable multivariate discriminative model between both groups was found. Concentrations of all chemokines decreased after the internet-based psychological intervention. These findings support the implication of chemokines in depression, even in a sample of patients with mild and moderate severity. Furthermore, they demonstrate the need for further multidisciplinary research that confirms how biomarkers such as plasma chemokines can serve as a marker for depression and are sensitive to non-pharmacological interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Romero-Sanchiz
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental. Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga/Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, 29010, Spain.
- Department of Personality, Assessment, and Psychological Treatment, School of Psychology, University of Malaga, Blv. Louis Pasteur s/n, Malaga, CP, 29010, Spain.
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Life Sciences Centre, 1355 Oxford Street, PO BOX 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada.
| | - Raquel Nogueira-Arjona
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental. Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga/Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, 29010, Spain
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Life Sciences Centre, 1355 Oxford Street, PO BOX 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Pedro Araos
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental. Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga/Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, 29010, Spain
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento,Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Antonia Serrano
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental. Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga/Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, 29010, Spain
| | - Vicente Barrios
- Department of Endocrinology, Research Institute "La Princesa", Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Argente
- Department of Endocrinology, Research Institute "La Princesa", Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pediatrics, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- CEI UAM + CSIC, IMDEA Food Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Garcia-Marchena
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental. Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga/Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, 29010, Spain
- Institut Germans Trias i Pujol -IGTP-Campus Can Ruti, Carretera de Canyet s/n, Badalona, 08916, Spain
| | - Antonio Lopez-Tellez
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Puerta Blanca, Av. Gregorio de Diego, 46, Málaga, CP, 29004, Spain
| | - Silvia Rodriguez-Moreno
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Teatinos/Colonia Santa Inés, Calle Andrés Bernáldez, 12, Málaga, CP, 29010, Spain
| | - Fermin Mayoral
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental. Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga/Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, 29010, Spain
| | - Francisco J Pavón
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental. Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga/Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, 29010, Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental. Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga/Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, 29010, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Nash B, Festa L, Lin C, Meucci O. Opioid and chemokine regulation of cortical synaptodendritic damage in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. Brain Res 2019; 1723:146409. [PMID: 31465771 PMCID: PMC6766413 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) persist despite effective antiretroviral therapies (ART). Evidence suggests that modern HAND is driven by subtle synaptodendritic damage in select brain regions, as ART-treated patients do not display overt neuronal death in postmortem brain studies. HAND symptoms are also aggravated by drug abuse, particularly with injection opioids. Opioid use produces region-specific synaptodendritic damage in similar brain regions, suggesting a convergent mechanism that may enhance HAND progression in opioid-using patients. Importantly, studies indicate that synaptodendritic damage and cognitive impairment in HAND may be reversible. Activation of the homeostatic chemokine receptor CXCR4 by its natural ligand CXCL12 positively regulates neuronal survival and dendritic spine density in cortical neurons, reducing functional deficits. However, the molecular mechanisms that underlie CXCR4, as well as opioid-mediated regulation of dendritic spines are not completely defined. Here, we will consolidate studies that describe the region-specific synaptodendritic damage in the cerebral cortex of patients and animal models of HAND, describe the pathways by which opioids may contribute to cortical synaptodendritic damage, and discuss the prospects of using the CXCR4 signaling pathway to identify new approaches to reverse dendritic spine deficits. Additionally, we will discuss novel research questions that have emerged from recent studies of CXCR4 and µ-opioid actions in the cortex. Understanding the pathways that underlie synaptodendritic damage and rescue are necessary for developing novel, effective therapeutics for this growing patient population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bradley Nash
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 North 15th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA.
| | - Lindsay Festa
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 North 15th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA.
| | - Chihyang Lin
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 North 15th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA.
| | - Olimpia Meucci
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 North 15th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 North 15th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Valiati FE, Hizo GH, Pinto JV, Kauer-Sant`Anna M. The Possible Role of Telomere Length and Chemokines in the Aging Process: A Transdiagnostic Review in Psychiatry. CURRENT PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH AND REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573400515666190719155906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:Psychiatric disorders are common, reaching a worldwide prevalence of 29.2%. They are associated with a high risk of premature death and with accelerated aging in clinical, molecular and neuroimaging studies. Recently, there is strong evidence suggesting a possible role of telomere length and chemokines in aging processes in psychiatric disorders.Objective:We aimed to review the literature on telomere length and chemokines and its association with early aging in mental illnesses on a transdiagnostic approach.Results:The review highlights the association between psychiatric disorders and early aging. Several independent studies have reported shorter telomere length and dysregulations on levels of circulating chemokines in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, and anxiety disorders, suggesting a complex interaction between these markers in a transdiagnostic level. However, studies have investigated the inflammatory markers and telomere shortening separately and associated with a particular diagnosis, rather than as a transdiagnostic biological feature.Conclusion:There is consistent evidence supporting the relationship between accelerated aging, telomere length, and chemokines in mental disorders, but they have been studied individually. Thus, more research is needed to improve the knowledge of accelerated senescence and its biomarkers in psychiatry, not only individually in each diagnosis, but also based on a transdiagnostic perspective. Moreover, further research should try to elucidate how the intricate association between the chemokines and telomeres together may contribute to the aging process in psychiatric disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Endler Valiati
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Henrique Hizo
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jairo Vinícius Pinto
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Márcia Kauer-Sant`Anna
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Trettel F, Di Castro MA, Limatola C. Chemokines: Key Molecules that Orchestrate Communication among Neurons, Microglia and Astrocytes to Preserve Brain Function. Neuroscience 2019; 439:230-240. [PMID: 31376422 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In the CNS, chemokines and chemokine receptors are involved in pleiotropic physiological and pathological activities. Several evidences demonstrated that chemokine signaling in the CNS plays key homeostatic roles and, being expressed on neurons, glia and endothelial cells, chemokines mediate the bidirectional cross-talk among parenchymal cells. An efficient communication between neurons and glia is crucial to establish and maintain a healthy brain environment which ensures normal functionality. Glial cells behave as active sensors of environmental changes induced by neuronal activity or detrimental insults, supporting and exerting neuroprotective activities. In this review we summarize the evidence that chemokines (CXCL12, CX3CL1, CXCL16 and CCL2) modulate neuroprotective processes upon different noxious stimuli and participate to orchestrate neurons-microglia-astrocytes action to preserve and limit brain damage. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Honoring Ricardo Miledi - outstanding neuroscientist of XX-XXI centuries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Trettel
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Maria Amalia Di Castro
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Limatola
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense 19, 86077, Pozzilli, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Rossetti AC, Paladini MS, Racagni G, Riva MA, Cattaneo A, Molteni R. Genome-wide analysis of LPS-induced inflammatory response in the rat ventral hippocampus: Modulatory activity of the antidepressant agomelatine. World J Biol Psychiatry 2018; 19:390-401. [PMID: 28337940 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2017.1298839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Several studies reported that antidepressant drugs have immune-regulatory effects by acting on specific inflammatory mediators. However, considering the highly complex nature of the inflammatory response, we have adopted an unbiased genome-wide strategy to investigate the immune-regulatory activity of the antidepressant agomelatine in modulating the response to an acute inflammatory challenge. METHODS Microarray analysis was used to identify genes modulated in the ventral hippocampus of adult rats chronically treated with agomelatine (40 mg/kg, os) before being challenged with a single injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 250 μg/kg, i.p.). RESULTS The administration of LPS induced the transcription of 284 genes mainly associated with pathways related to the immune/inflammatory system. Agomelatine modulated pathways not only connected to its antidepressant activity, but was also able to prevent the activation of genes induced by LPS. Further comparisons between gene lists of the diverse experimental groups led to the identification of a few transcripts modulated by LPS on which agomelatine has the larger effect of normalisation. Among them, we found the pro-inflammatory cytokine Il-1β and, interestingly, the metabotropic glutamatergic transporter Grm2. CONCLUSIONS These results are useful to better characterise the association between depression and inflammation, revealing new potential targets for pharmacological intervention for depression associated to inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Carlo Rossetti
- a Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences , University of Milan , Milan , Italy
| | - Maria Serena Paladini
- b Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine , University of Milan , Milan , Italy
| | - Giorgio Racagni
- a Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences , University of Milan , Milan , Italy
| | - Marco Andrea Riva
- a Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences , University of Milan , Milan , Italy
| | - Annamaria Cattaneo
- c Biological Psychiatry Unit , IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio - Fatebenefratelli , Brescia , Italy.,d Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience , King's College London , London , UK
| | - Raffaella Molteni
- b Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine , University of Milan , Milan , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chau M, Deveau TC, Song M, Wei ZZ, Gu X, Yu SP, Wei L. Transplantation of iPS cell-derived neural progenitors overexpressing SDF-1α increases regeneration and functional recovery after ischemic stroke. Oncotarget 2017; 8:97537-97553. [PMID: 29228630 PMCID: PMC5722582 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of human death and disability while clinical treatments are limited. The adult brain possesses endogenous regenerative activities that may benefit tissue repair after stroke. Trophic factors such as stromal cell-derived factor 1 alpha (SDF-1α) are upregulated in the ischemic brain, which promote endogenous regeneration. The regenerative response, however, is normally insufficient. Transplantation of exogenous cells has been explored as regenerative therapies. One promising cell type for transplantation is induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells which are cells genetically reprogrammed from adult somatic cells. We hypothesized that transplanting neural progenitor cells derived from iPS cells (iPS-NPCs) could provide cell replacement and trophic support. The trophic factor SDF-1α was overexpressed in iPS-NPCs by lentiviral transduction to test if SDF-1α could increase regeneration in the ischemic brain. These SDF-1α-iPS-NPCs were differentiated in vitro to express mature neuronal and synaptic markers. Differentiated cells expressed functional Na+ and K+ channels, and fired action potentials. In the oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) test, SDF-1α-iPS-NPCs survived significantly better compared to control iPS-NPCs. In mice subjected to focal cerebral ischemia in the sensorimotor cortex, iPS-NPCs and SDF-1α-iPS-NPCs were intracranially transplanted into the ischemic cortex 7 days after stroke. Neuronal differentiation of transplanted cells was identified using NeuN 14 days after transplantation. Mice that received SDF-1α-iPS-NPCs had greater numbers of NeuN/BrdU and Glut-1/BrdU co-labeled cells in the peri-infarct area and improved locomotion compared to the control iPS-NPC transplantation. Thus, SDF-1α upregulation in transplanted cells may be a therapeutic strategy to enhance endogenous neurovascular repair after ischemic stroke in adult mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Chau
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Todd C. Deveau
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mingke Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Zheng Z. Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Xiaohuan Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Shan Ping Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ling Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Epigenetic upregulation of CXCL12 expression mediates antitubulin chemotherapeutics-induced neuropathic pain. Pain 2017; 158:637-648. [PMID: 28072604 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Clinically, Microtubule-targeted agents-induced neuropathic pain hampers chemotherapeutics for patients with cancer. Here, we found that application of paclitaxel or vincristine increased the protein and mRNA expression of CXCL12 and frequency and amplitude of miniature excitatory post synaptic currents (mEPSCs) in spinal dorsal horn neurons. Spinal local application of CXCL12 induced the long-term potentiation of nociceptive synaptic transmission and increased the amplitude of mEPSCs. Inhibition of CXCL12 using the transgenic mice (CXCL12) or neutralizing antibody or siRNA ameliorated the mEPSC's enhancement and mechanical allodynia. In addition, paclitaxel and vincristine both could increase the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and the acetylation of histone H4 in the CXCL12-expressing neurons. Immunoprecipitation and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that antitubulin chemotherapeutics increased the binding of STAT3 to the CXCL12 gene promoter and the interaction between STAT3 and p300, and contributed to the enhanced transcription of CXCL12 by increasing the acetylation of histone H4 in CXCL12 gene promoter. Inhibition of STAT3 by intrathecal injection of adeno-associated virus encoding Cre and green fluorescent protein into STAT3 mice or inhibitor S3I-201 into rats suppressed the CXCL12 upsurge by decreasing the acetylation of histone H4. Finally, blockade of CXCR4 but not CXCR7 ameliorated the paclitaxel- or vincristine-induced mechanical allodynia. Together, these results suggested that enhanced interaction between STAT3 and p300 mediated the epigenetic upregulation of CXCL12 in dorsal horn neurons, which contributed to the antitubulin chemotherapeutics-induced persistent pain.
Collapse
|
27
|
Sowa JE, Ślusarczyk J, Trojan E, Chamera K, Leśkiewicz M, Regulska M, Kotarska K, Basta-Kaim A. Prenatal stress affects viability, activation, and chemokine signaling in astroglial cultures. J Neuroimmunol 2017; 311:79-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
28
|
Wu PR, Cho KK, Vogt D, Sohal VS, Rubenstein JL. The Cytokine CXCL12 Promotes Basket Interneuron Inhibitory Synapses in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex. Cereb Cortex 2017; 27:4303-4313. [PMID: 27497284 PMCID: PMC6410508 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhw230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Prenatally, the cytokine CXCL12 regulates cortical interneuron migration, whereas its postnatal functions are poorly understood. Here, we report that CXCL12 is expressed postnatally in layer V pyramidal neurons and localizes on their cell bodies in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), while its receptors CXCR4/CXCR7 localize to the axon terminals of parvalbumin (PV) interneurons. Conditionally eliminating CXCL12 in neonatal layer V pyramidal neurons led to decreased axon targeting and reduced inhibitory perisomatic synapses from PV+ basket interneurons onto layer V pyramidal neurons. Consequently, the mPFC of Cxcl12 conditional mutants displayed attenuated inhibitory postsynaptic currents onto layer V pyramidal neurons. Thus, postnatal CXCL12 signaling promotes a specific interneuron circuit that inhibits mPFC activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Rung Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San
Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143,
USA
| | - Kathleen K.A. Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San
Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143,
USA
- Center for Integrative Neuroscience, University of California, San
Francisco, San Francisco,
CA94143, USA
- Sloan-Swartz Center for Theoretical Neurobiology, University of California, San
Francisco, San Francisco,
CA94143, USA
| | - Daniel Vogt
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San
Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143,
USA
| | - Vikaas S. Sohal
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San
Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143,
USA
- Center for Integrative Neuroscience, University of California, San
Francisco, San Francisco,
CA94143, USA
- Sloan-Swartz Center for Theoretical Neurobiology, University of California, San
Francisco, San Francisco,
CA94143, USA
| | - John L.R. Rubenstein
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San
Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143,
USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Haroon E, Miller AH, Sanacora G. Inflammation, Glutamate, and Glia: A Trio of Trouble in Mood Disorders. Neuropsychopharmacology 2017; 42:193-215. [PMID: 27629368 PMCID: PMC5143501 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2016.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 319] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Increasing data indicate that inflammation and alterations in glutamate neurotransmission are two novel pathways to pathophysiology in mood disorders. The primary goal of this review is to illustrate how these two pathways may converge at the level of the glia to contribute to neuropsychiatric disease. We propose that a combination of failed clearance and exaggerated release of glutamate by glial cells during immune activation leads to glutamate increases and promotes aberrant extrasynaptic signaling through ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors, ultimately resulting in synaptic dysfunction and loss. Furthermore, glutamate diffusion outside the synapse can lead to the loss of synaptic fidelity and specificity of neurotransmission, contributing to circuit dysfunction and behavioral pathology. This review examines the fundamental role of glia in the regulation of glutamate, followed by a description of the impact of inflammation on glial glutamate regulation at the cellular, molecular, and metabolic level. In addition, the role of these effects of inflammation on glia and glutamate in mood disorders will be discussed along with their translational implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Haroon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Andrew H Miller
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Gerard Sanacora
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Fu B, Wang Y, Yang H, Yu T. Effects of Etomidate on GABAergic and Glutamatergic Transmission in Rat Thalamocortical Slices. Neurochem Res 2016; 41:3181-3191. [PMID: 27561291 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-2042-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although accumulative evidence indicates that the thalamocortical system is an important target for general anesthetics, the underlying mechanisms of anesthetic action on thalamocortical neurotransmission are not fully understood. The aim of the study is to explore the action of etomidate on glutamatergic and GABAergic transmission in rat thalamocortical slices by using whole cell patch-clamp recording. We found that etomidate mainly prolonged the decay time of spontaneous GABAergic inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSCs), without changing the frequency. Furthermore, etomidate not only prolonged the decay time of miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs) but also increased the amplitude. On the other hand, etomidate significantly decreased the frequency of spontaneous glutamatergic excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs), without altering the amplitude or decay time in the absence of bicuculline. When GABAA receptors were blocked using bicuculline, the effects of etomidate on sEPSCs were mostly eliminated. These results suggest that etomidate enhances GABAergic transmission mainly through postsynaptic mechanism in thalamocortical neuronal network. Etomidate attenuates glutamatergic transmission predominantly through presynaptic action and requires presynaptic GABAA receptors involvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bao Fu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical College, Dalian road 149, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Tian Yu
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical College, Dalian road 149, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Shi L, Bi Q, Li W, Qin L, Yang P. CXCL12 impairs the acquisition and extinction of auditory fear conditioning in rats via crosstalk with GABAergic system. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2016; 148:21-7. [PMID: 27236029 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chemokines, such as CXCL12, are signaling molecules playing an important role in immune regulations. Chemokine upsurge has also been associated with neuroinflammatory conditions characterized with cognitive impairments. Recently, some in-vitro data suggests that CXCL12 is a potential neuromodulator and interacts with GABAergic system, but, so far, whether these effects translate into alterations in neural and behavioral functions has not been investigated. METHODS In the present study, we used auditory fear conditioning as a model to define the contribution of CXCL12/CXCR4 on fear-related cognitive disorders. We microinjected different dosages of CXCL12 into the bilateral amygdala of rats to investigate their behavioral effects on the acquisition and extinction of conditioned fear memory. Moreover, we pretreated the rats with the selective CXCR4 receptor antagonist (AMD3100), GABAA antagonist (bicuculline) and GABAB antagonist (CGP55845) to examine whether the CXCL12 induced changes could be reversed. RESULTS We found that intra-amygdala infusion of CXCL12 impaired the acquisition and extinction of conditioned fear response. Pretreatment with AMD3100, rescued the CXCL12 induced impairments, indicating that CXCL12 produced the effects by activating CXCR4 receptors. Furthermore, both bicuculline and CGP55845 prevented CXCL12 from impairing the rat's ability of conditioned learning, indicating a crosstalk between CXCL12/CXCR4 and GABAergic system. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that the chemokine CXCL12 is able to regulate neurotransmitter mechanisms involved in associative learning functions, and the effect of GABAergic agents on CXCL12/CXCR4 may be new therapeutic potentials for neuroinflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Shi
- Department of Physiology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Bi
- Department of Physiology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wai Li
- Department of Physiology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Qin
- Department of Physiology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingting Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Stuart MJ, Singhal G, Baune BT. Systematic Review of the Neurobiological Relevance of Chemokines to Psychiatric Disorders. Front Cell Neurosci 2015; 9:357. [PMID: 26441528 PMCID: PMC4564736 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders are highly prevalent and disabling conditions of increasing public health relevance. Much recent research has focused on the role of cytokines in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders; however, the related family of immune proteins designated chemokines has been relatively neglected. Chemokines were originally identified as having chemotactic function on immune cells; however, recent evidence has begun to elucidate novel, brain-specific functions of these proteins of relevance to the mechanisms of psychiatric disorders. A systematic review of both human and animal literature in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases was undertaken. After application of all inclusion and exclusion criteria, 157 references were remained for the review. Some early mechanistic evidence does associate select chemokines with the neurobiological processes, including neurogenesis, modulation of the neuroinflammatory response, regulation of the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis, and modulation of neurotransmitter systems. This early evidence however does not clearly demonstrate any specificity for a certain psychiatric disorder, but is primarily relevant to mechanisms which are shared across disorders. Notable exceptions include CCL11 that has recently been shown to impair hippocampal function in aging – of distinct relevance to Alzheimer’s disease and depression in the elderly, and pre-natal exposure to CXCL8 that may disrupt early neurodevelopmental periods predisposing to schizophrenia. Pro-inflammatory chemokines, such as CCL2, CCL7, CCL8, CCL12, and CCL13, have been shown to drive chemotaxis of pro-inflammatory cells to the inflamed or injured CNS. Likewise, CX3CL has been implicated in promoting glial cells activation, pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion, expression of ICAM-1, and recruitment of CD4+ T-cells into the CNS during neuroinflammatory processes. With further translational research, chemokines may present novel diagnostic and/or therapeutic targets in psychiatric disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Stuart
- Psychiatric Neuroscience Lab, Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, SA , Australia ; School of Medicine, University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD , Australia
| | - Gaurav Singhal
- Psychiatric Neuroscience Lab, Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, SA , Australia
| | - Bernhard T Baune
- Psychiatric Neuroscience Lab, Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, SA , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Deliu E, Sperow M, Console-Bram L, Carter RL, Tilley DG, Kalamarides DJ, Kirby LG, Brailoiu GC, Brailoiu E, Benamar K, Abood ME. The Lysophosphatidylinositol Receptor GPR55 Modulates Pain Perception in the Periaqueductal Gray. Mol Pharmacol 2015; 88:265-72. [PMID: 25972448 PMCID: PMC4518086 DOI: 10.1124/mol.115.099333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates the involvement of GPR55 and its proposed endogenous ligand, lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI), in nociception, yet their role in central pain processing has not been explored. Using Ca(2+) imaging, we show here that LPI elicits concentration-dependent and GPR55-mediated increases in intracellular Ca(2+) levels in dissociated rat periaqueductal gray (PAG) neurons, which express GPR55 mRNA. This effect is mediated by Ca(2+) release from the endoplasmic reticulum via inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors and by Ca(2+) entry via P/Q-type of voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels. Moreover, LPI depolarizes PAG neurons and upon intra-PAG microinjection, reduces nociceptive threshold in the hot-plate test. Both these effects are dependent on GPR55 activation, because they are abolished by pretreatment with ML-193 [N-(4-(N-(3,4-dimethylisoxazol-5-yl)sulfamoyl)-phenyl)-6,8-dimethyl-2-(pyridin-2-yl)quinoline-4-carboxamide], a selective GPR55 antagonist. Thus, we provide the first pharmacological evidence that GPR55 activation at central levels is pronociceptive, suggesting that interfering with GPR55 signaling in the PAG may promote analgesia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Deliu
- Center for Substance Abuse Research (E.D., M.S., L.C.-B., D.J.K., L.G.K., E.B., K.B., M.E.A.), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (L.G.K., M.E.A.), Center for Translational Medicine and Department of Pharmacology (R.L.C., D.G.T.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennslyvania; and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Thomas Jefferson University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (G.C.B.)
| | - Margaret Sperow
- Center for Substance Abuse Research (E.D., M.S., L.C.-B., D.J.K., L.G.K., E.B., K.B., M.E.A.), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (L.G.K., M.E.A.), Center for Translational Medicine and Department of Pharmacology (R.L.C., D.G.T.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennslyvania; and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Thomas Jefferson University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (G.C.B.)
| | - Linda Console-Bram
- Center for Substance Abuse Research (E.D., M.S., L.C.-B., D.J.K., L.G.K., E.B., K.B., M.E.A.), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (L.G.K., M.E.A.), Center for Translational Medicine and Department of Pharmacology (R.L.C., D.G.T.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennslyvania; and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Thomas Jefferson University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (G.C.B.)
| | - Rhonda L Carter
- Center for Substance Abuse Research (E.D., M.S., L.C.-B., D.J.K., L.G.K., E.B., K.B., M.E.A.), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (L.G.K., M.E.A.), Center for Translational Medicine and Department of Pharmacology (R.L.C., D.G.T.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennslyvania; and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Thomas Jefferson University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (G.C.B.)
| | - Douglas G Tilley
- Center for Substance Abuse Research (E.D., M.S., L.C.-B., D.J.K., L.G.K., E.B., K.B., M.E.A.), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (L.G.K., M.E.A.), Center for Translational Medicine and Department of Pharmacology (R.L.C., D.G.T.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennslyvania; and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Thomas Jefferson University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (G.C.B.)
| | - Daniel J Kalamarides
- Center for Substance Abuse Research (E.D., M.S., L.C.-B., D.J.K., L.G.K., E.B., K.B., M.E.A.), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (L.G.K., M.E.A.), Center for Translational Medicine and Department of Pharmacology (R.L.C., D.G.T.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennslyvania; and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Thomas Jefferson University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (G.C.B.)
| | - Lynn G Kirby
- Center for Substance Abuse Research (E.D., M.S., L.C.-B., D.J.K., L.G.K., E.B., K.B., M.E.A.), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (L.G.K., M.E.A.), Center for Translational Medicine and Department of Pharmacology (R.L.C., D.G.T.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennslyvania; and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Thomas Jefferson University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (G.C.B.)
| | - G Cristina Brailoiu
- Center for Substance Abuse Research (E.D., M.S., L.C.-B., D.J.K., L.G.K., E.B., K.B., M.E.A.), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (L.G.K., M.E.A.), Center for Translational Medicine and Department of Pharmacology (R.L.C., D.G.T.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennslyvania; and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Thomas Jefferson University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (G.C.B.)
| | - Eugen Brailoiu
- Center for Substance Abuse Research (E.D., M.S., L.C.-B., D.J.K., L.G.K., E.B., K.B., M.E.A.), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (L.G.K., M.E.A.), Center for Translational Medicine and Department of Pharmacology (R.L.C., D.G.T.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennslyvania; and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Thomas Jefferson University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (G.C.B.)
| | - Khalid Benamar
- Center for Substance Abuse Research (E.D., M.S., L.C.-B., D.J.K., L.G.K., E.B., K.B., M.E.A.), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (L.G.K., M.E.A.), Center for Translational Medicine and Department of Pharmacology (R.L.C., D.G.T.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennslyvania; and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Thomas Jefferson University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (G.C.B.)
| | - Mary E Abood
- Center for Substance Abuse Research (E.D., M.S., L.C.-B., D.J.K., L.G.K., E.B., K.B., M.E.A.), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (L.G.K., M.E.A.), Center for Translational Medicine and Department of Pharmacology (R.L.C., D.G.T.), Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennslyvania; and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Thomas Jefferson University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (G.C.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Araos P, Pedraz M, Serrano A, Lucena M, Barrios V, García-Marchena N, Campos-Cloute R, Ruiz JJ, Romero P, Suárez J, Baixeras E, de la Torre R, Montesinos J, Guerri C, Rodríguez-Arias M, Miñarro J, Martínez-Riera R, Torrens M, Chowen JA, Argente J, Mason BJ, Pavón FJ, Rodríguez de Fonseca F. Plasma profile of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in cocaine users under outpatient treatment: influence of cocaine symptom severity and psychiatric co-morbidity. Addict Biol 2015; 20:756-72. [PMID: 24854157 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The treatment for cocaine use constitutes a clinical challenge because of the lack of appropriate therapies and the high rate of relapse. Recent evidence indicates that the immune system might be involved in the pathogenesis of cocaine addiction and its co-morbid psychiatric disorders. This work examined the plasma pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine profile in abstinent cocaine users (n = 82) who sought outpatient cocaine treatment and age/sex/body mass-matched controls (n = 65). Participants were assessed with the diagnostic interview Psychiatric Research Interview for Substance and Mental Diseases according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR). Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2/monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 (CXCL12)/stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) were decreased in cocaine users, although all cytokines were identified as predictors of a lifetime pathological use of cocaine. Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand 1 (CX3CL1)/fractalkine and CXCL12/SDF-1 positively correlated with the cocaine symptom severity when using the DSM-IV-TR criteria for cocaine abuse/dependence. These cytokines allowed the categorization of the outpatients into subgroups according to severity, identifying a subgroup of severe cocaine users (9-11 criteria) with increased prevalence of co-morbid psychiatric disorders [mood (54%), anxiety (32%), psychotic (30%) and personality (60%) disorders]. IL-1β was observed to be increased in users with such psychiatric disorders relative to those users with no diagnosis. In addition to these clinical data, studies in mice demonstrated that plasma IL-1β, CX3CL1 and CXCL12 were also affected after acute and chronic cocaine administration, providing a preclinical model for further research. In conclusion, cocaine exposure modifies the circulating levels of pro-inflammatory mediators. Plasma cytokine/chemokine monitoring could improve the stratification of cocaine consumers seeking treatment and thus facilitate the application of appropriate interventions, including management of heightened risk of psychiatric co-morbidity. Further research is necessary to elucidate the role of the immune system in the etiology of cocaine addiction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Araos
- Unidad Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA); Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga; Málaga Spain
| | - María Pedraz
- Unidad Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA); Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga; Málaga Spain
| | - Antonia Serrano
- Unidad Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA); Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga; Málaga Spain
| | - Miguel Lucena
- Unidad Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA); Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga; Málaga Spain
| | - Vicente Barrios
- Department of Endocrinology; Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús; Madrid Spain
| | - Nuria García-Marchena
- Unidad Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA); Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga; Málaga Spain
| | | | | | - Pablo Romero
- Unidad Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA); Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga; Málaga Spain
| | - Juan Suárez
- Unidad Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA); Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga; Málaga Spain
| | - Elena Baixeras
- Unidad Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA); Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga; Málaga Spain
| | - Rafael de la Torre
- Neurosciences Program; Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM); Barcelona Spain
- Facultat de Ciencies de la Salut i de la Vida; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (CEXS-UPF); Barcelona Spain
| | - Jorge Montesinos
- Department of Cellular Pathology; Príncipe Felipe Research Centre; Valencia Spain
| | - Consuelo Guerri
- Department of Cellular Pathology; Príncipe Felipe Research Centre; Valencia Spain
| | - Marta Rodríguez-Arias
- Unidad de Investigación Psicobiología de las Drogodependencias; Facultad de Psicología; Universitat de Valencia; Valencia Spain
| | - José Miñarro
- Unidad de Investigación Psicobiología de las Drogodependencias; Facultad de Psicología; Universitat de Valencia; Valencia Spain
| | - Roser Martínez-Riera
- Neurosciences Program; Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM); Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Neuropsiquiatria i Addiccions (INAD) del Parc de Salut MAR; Barcelona Spain
- Department of Psychiatry; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB); Barcelona Spain
| | - Marta Torrens
- Neurosciences Program; Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM); Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Neuropsiquiatria i Addiccions (INAD) del Parc de Salut MAR; Barcelona Spain
- Department of Psychiatry; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB); Barcelona Spain
| | - Julie A. Chowen
- Department of Endocrinology; Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús; Madrid Spain
| | - Jesús Argente
- Department of Endocrinology; Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús; Madrid Spain
| | - Barbara J. Mason
- Committee on the Neurobiology of Addictive Disorders; The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI); La Jolla CA USA
| | - Francisco J. Pavón
- Unidad Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA); Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga; Málaga Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca
- Unidad Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA); Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga; Málaga Spain
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Corrigan F, Wu Y, Tuke J, Coller JK, Rice KC, Diener KR, Hayball JD, Watkins LR, Somogyi AA, Hutchinson MR. Alcohol-induced sedation and synergistic interactions between alcohol and morphine: a key mechanistic role for Toll-like receptors and MyD88-dependent signaling. Brain Behav Immun 2015; 45:245-52. [PMID: 25542736 PMCID: PMC4394865 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2014.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence demonstrates induction of proinflammatory Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 signaling by morphine and, TLR4 signaling by alcohol; thus indicating a common site of drug action and a potential novel innate immune-dependent hypothesis for opioid and alcohol drug interactions. Hence, the current study aimed to assess the role of TLR2, TLR4, MyD88 (as a critical TLR-signaling participant), NF-κB, Interleukin-1β (IL-1β; as a downstream proinflammatory effector molecule) and the μ opioid receptor (MOR; as a classical site for morphine action) in acute alcohol-induced sedation (4.5g/kg) and alcohol (2.5g/kg) interaction with morphine (5mg/kg) by assessing the loss of righting reflex (LORR) as a measure of sedation. Wild-type male Balb/c mice and matched genetically-deficient TLR2, TLR4, and MyD88 strains were utilized, together with pharmacological manipulation of MOR, NF-κB, TLR4 and Interleukin-1β. Alcohol induced significant LORR in wild-type mice; this was halved by MyD88 and TLR4 deficiency, and surprisingly nearly completely eliminated by TLR2 deficiency. In contrast, the interaction between morphine and alcohol was found to be MOR-, NF-κB-, TLR2- and MyD88-dependent, but did not involve TLR4 or Interleukin-1β. Morphine-alcohol interactions caused acute elevations in microglial cell counts and NF-κB-p65 positive cells in the motor cortex in concordance with wild-type and TLR2 deficient mouse behavioral data, implicating neuroimmunopharmacological signaling as a pivotal mechanism in this clinically problematic drug-drug interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frances Corrigan
- Discipline of Anatomy and Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Yue Wu
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jonathan Tuke
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Janet K Coller
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Kenner C Rice
- Chemical Biology Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Kerrilyn R Diener
- School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Hanson Institute & Sansom Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; School of Pharmacy & Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - John D Hayball
- Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Hanson Institute & Sansom Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; School of Pharmacy & Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Linda R Watkins
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience and The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Andrew A Somogyi
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Centre for Translational Cancer Research, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Mark R Hutchinson
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Cazareth J, Guyon A, Heurteaux C, Chabry J, Petit-Paitel A. Molecular and cellular neuroinflammatory status of mouse brain after systemic lipopolysaccharide challenge: importance of CCR2/CCL2 signaling. J Neuroinflammation 2014; 11:132. [PMID: 25065370 PMCID: PMC4237883 DOI: 10.1186/1742-2094-11-132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genetic and environmental factors are critical elements influencing the etiology of major depression. It is now accepted that neuroinflammatory processes play a major role in neuropsychological disorders. Neuroinflammation results from the dysregulation of the synthesis and/or release of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines with central or peripheral origin after various insults. Systemic bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge is commonly used to study inflammation-induced depressive-like behaviors in rodents. In the present study, we investigated immune-to-brain communication in mice by examining the effects of peripheral LPS injection on neuroinflammation encompassing cytokine and chemokine production, microglia and central nervous system (CNS)-associated phagocyte activation, immune cell infiltration and serotonergic neuronal function. Methods LPS was administered to C57BL/6 J mice by intraperitoneal injection; brains were collected and pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA and proteins were measured. To examine the relative contribution of the different populations of brain immune cells to the occurrence of neuroinflammation after acute systemic inflammation, we precisely characterized them by flow cytometry, studied changes in their proportions and level of activation, and measured the amount of cytokines they released by Cytometric Bead Array™ after cell sorting and ex vivo culture. Because of the central role that the chemokine CCL2 seems to play in our paradigm, we studied the effect of CCL2 on the activity of serotonergic neurons of the raphe nucleus using electrophysiological recordings. Results We report that systemic LPS administration in mice caused a marked increase in pro-inflammatory IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα and CCL2 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) mRNA and protein levels in the brain. Moreover, we found that LPS caused microglia and CNS-associated phagocyte activation characterized by upregulation of CCR2, TLR4/CD14, CD80 and IL-4Rα, associated with overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, especially CCL2. LPS also induced a marked and selective increase of CCR2+ inflammatory monocytes within the brain. Finally, we showed that CCL2 hyperpolarized serotonergic raphe neurons in mouse midbrain slices, thus probably reducing the serotonin tone in projection areas. Conclusion Together, we provide a detailed characterization of the molecular and cellular players involved in the establishment of neuroinflammation after systemic injection of LPS. This highlights the importance of the CCL2/CCR2 signaling and suggests a possible link with depressive disorders.
Collapse
|
37
|
Ogłodek EA, Szota A, Just MJ, Moś D, Araszkiewicz A. Comparison of chemokines (CCL-5 and SDF-1), chemokine receptors (CCR-5 and CXCR-4) and IL-6 levels in patients with different severities of depression. Pharmacol Rep 2014; 66:920-6. [PMID: 25150002 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression can be perceived as a psychoneuroimmunological disorder in which cytokines affecting the body's neurochemical and neuroendocrine functions play an important role. Among cytokines, chemokines participating in activation of the inflammatory response are considered to be crucial. METHODS 160 men and women were enrolled in the study. 120 of them were diagnosed with various types of depression. The mean age was 45.2 ± 4.5 years (range: 19-47 years). The control group consisted of 40 healthy individuals. The average age in this group was 42.4 ± 4.1 years. Plasma levels of chemokines and their receptors (CCL-5 - RANTES and CXCR-5, SDF-1 and CXCR-4), as well as of IL-6, were assessed by ELISA. RESULTS There was an increase in SDF-1 and CCL-5 levels in women and men with different severities of depression, versus the control group. Also, an increase in the IL-6 levels, CXCR4 and CCR-5 receptors was observed in both women and men with all types of depression. Levels of SDF-1 and CCL-5 chemokines, as well as of CCR-5 and CXCR4 chemokine receptors, were higher in women than in men. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicate the need for assessment of CCL-5 and SDF-1 chemokines levels, as they are likely markers of developing depression. Early measurement of these chemokines levels may be helpful in choosing the best pharmacotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ewa A Ogłodek
- Department of Psychiatry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Anna Szota
- Department of Psychiatry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marek J Just
- Piekary Medical Centre, Department of General Surgery, Municipal Hospital in Piekary Śląskie, Piekary Śląskie, Poland
| | - Danuta Moś
- Health Care Centre Euro-Med Bytom, Bytom, Poland
| | - Aleksander Araszkiewicz
- Department of Psychiatry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Guyon A. CXCL12 chemokine and GABA neurotransmitter systems crosstalk and their putative roles. Front Cell Neurosci 2014; 5:115. [PMID: 24808825 PMCID: PMC4009426 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2014.00115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Since CXCL12 and its receptors, CXCR4 and CXCR7, have been found in the brain, the role of this chemokine has been expanded from chemoattractant in the immune system to neuromodulatory in the brain. Several pieces of evidence suggest that this chemokine system could crosstalk with the GABAergic system, known to be the main inhibitory neurotransmitter system in the brain. Indeed, GABA and CXCL12 as well as their receptors are colocalized in many cell types including neurons and there are several examples in which these two systems interact. Several mechanisms can be proposed to explain how these systems interact, including receptor–receptor interactions, crosstalk at the level of second messenger cascades, or direct pharmacological interactions, as GABA and GABAB receptor agonists/antagonists have been shown to be allosteric modulators of CXCR4. The interplay between CXCL12/CXCR4-CXCR7 and GABA/GABAA-GABAB receptors systems could have many physiological implications in neurotransmission, cancer and inflammation. In addition, the GABAB agonist baclofen is currently used in medicine to treat spasticity in patients with spinal cord injury, cerebral palsy, traumatic brain injury, multiple sclerosis, and other disorders. More recently it has also been used in the treatment of alcohol dependence and withdrawal. The allosteric effects of this agent on CXCR4 could contribute to these beneficial effects or at the opposite, to its side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Guyon
- CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 7275, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis Valbonne, France
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Guyon A. CXCL12 chemokine and its receptors as major players in the interactions between immune and nervous systems. Front Cell Neurosci 2014; 8:65. [PMID: 24639628 PMCID: PMC3944789 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2014.00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemokine CXCL12/stromal cell-derived factor 1 alpha has first been described in the immune system where it functions include chemotaxis for lymphocytes and macrophages, migration of hematopoietic cells from fetal liver to bone marrow and the formation of large blood vessels. Among other chemokines, CXCL12 has recently attracted much attention in the brain as it has been shown that it can be produced not only by glial cells but also by neurons. In addition, its receptors CXCR4 and CXCR7, which are belonging to the G protein-coupled receptors family, are abundantly expressed in diverse brain area, CXCR4 being a major co-receptor for human immunodeficiency virus 1 entry. This chemokine system has been shown to play important roles in brain plasticity processes occurring during development but also in the physiology of the brain in normal and pathological conditions. For example, in neurons, CXCR4 stimulation has been shown regulate the synaptic release of glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). It can also act post-synaptically by activating a G protein activated inward rectifier K+ (GIRK), a voltage-gated K channel Kv2.1 associated to neuronal survival, and by increasing high voltage activated Ca2+ currents. In addition, it has been recently evidenced that there are several cross-talks between the CXCL12/CXCR4–7 system and other neurotransmitter systems in the brain (such as GABA, glutamate, opioids, and cannabinoids). Overall, this chemokine system could be one of the key players of the neuro-immune interface that participates in shaping the brain in response to changes in the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Guyon
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 7275 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Université Nice Sophia Antipolis Valbonne, France
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Chemokines and chemokine receptors in mood disorders, schizophrenia, and cognitive impairment: a systematic review of biomarker studies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2014; 42:93-115. [PMID: 24513303 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Revised: 12/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The search for immune biomarkers in psychiatric disorders has primarily focused on pro-inflammatory cytokines. Other immune proteins including chemokines have been relatively neglected in such studies. Recent evidence has implicated chemokines in many neurobiological processes potentially relevant to psychiatric disorders, beyond their classical chemotactic functions. These may include neuromodulator effects, neurotransmitter-like effects, and direct/indirect regulation of neurogenesis. This systematic review presents the existing early evidence which supports an association of many chemokines with the psychiatric disorders: depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. The non-specific association of chemokines including CXCL8 (IL-8), CCL2 (MCP-1), CCL3 (MIP-1α) and CCL5 (RANTES) with these disorders across diagnostic categories implies a generalised involvement of many chemokine systemic with psychiatric disease. Additional chemokines with great mechanistic relevance including CXCL12 (SDF-1) and CX3CL1 (fractalkine) have been rarely reported in the existing human literature and should be included in future clinical studies. The potential utility of these proteins as pathologically relevant biomarkers or therapeutic targets should be considered by future clinical and translational research.
Collapse
|
41
|
Cui C, Shurtleff D, Harris RA. Neuroimmune mechanisms of alcohol and drug addiction. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2014; 118:1-12. [PMID: 25175859 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-801284-0.00001-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol and other drugs of abuse have significant impacts on the neuroimmune system. Studies have demonstrated that drugs of abuse interact with the neuroimmune system and alter neuroimmune gene expression and signaling, which in turn contribute to various aspects of addiction. As the key component of the CNS immune system, neuroimmune factors mediate neuroinflammation and modulate a wide range of brain function including neuronal activity, endocrine function, and CNS development. These neuromodulatory properties of immune factors, together with their essential role in neuroinflammation, provide a new framework to understand neuroimmune mechanisms mediating brain functional and behavioral changes contributing to addiction. This chapter highlights recent advances in understanding neuroimmune changes associated with exposure to alcohol and other drugs of abuse, including opiates, marijuana, methamphetamine, and cocaine. It provides a brief overview on what we know about neuroimmune signaling and its role in drug action and addiction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changhai Cui
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
| | - David Shurtleff
- National Center for Complementary & Alternative Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - R Adron Harris
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Mao S, Huang S. The signaling pathway of stromal cell-derived factor-1 and its role in kidney diseases. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2013; 34:85-91. [PMID: 24303939 DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2013.865746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) regulates the trafficking of progenitor cell (PGC) during embryonic development, cell chemotaxis, and postnatal homing into injury sites. SDF-1 also regulates cell growth, survival, adhesion and angiogenesis. However, in different tissues/cells, the role of SDF-1 is different, such as that it is increased in most of the tumors and associated with cancer metastasis, whereas it is essential for the development of vasculature. For kidney diseases, its role remains controversial. Signaling pathways might be very important in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases. We performed this review to provide a relatively complete signaling pathway flowchart for SDF-1 to the investigators who were interested in the role of SDF-1 in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases. Here, we reviewed the signal transduction pathway of SDF-1 and its role in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song Mao
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China
| | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
The peculiarities of the SDF-1/CXCL12 system: in some cells, CXCR4 and CXCR7 sing solos, in others, they sing duets. Cell Tissue Res 2013; 355:239-53. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-013-1747-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
44
|
Positively correlated miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks in mouse frontal cortex during early stages of alcohol dependence. BMC Genomics 2013; 14:725. [PMID: 24148570 PMCID: PMC3924350 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-14-725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although the study of gene regulation via the action of specific microRNAs (miRNAs) has experienced a boom in recent years, the analysis of genome-wide interaction networks among miRNAs and respective targeted mRNAs has lagged behind. MicroRNAs simultaneously target many transcripts and fine-tune the expression of genes through cooperative/combinatorial targeting. Therefore, they have a large regulatory potential that could widely impact development and progression of diseases, as well as contribute unpredicted collateral effects due to their natural, pathophysiological, or treatment-induced modulation. We support the viewpoint that whole mirnome-transcriptome interaction analysis is required to better understand the mechanisms and potential consequences of miRNA regulation and/or deregulation in relevant biological models. In this study, we tested the hypotheses that ethanol consumption induces changes in miRNA-mRNA interaction networks in the mouse frontal cortex and that some of the changes observed in the mouse are equivalent to changes in similar brain regions from human alcoholics. Results miRNA-mRNA interaction networks responding to ethanol insult were identified by differential expression analysis and weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA). Important pathways (coexpressed modular networks detected by WGCNA) and hub genes central to the neuronal response to ethanol are highlighted, as well as key miRNAs that regulate these processes and therefore represent potential therapeutic targets for treating alcohol addiction. Importantly, we discovered a conserved signature of changing miRNAs between ethanol-treated mice and human alcoholics, which provides a valuable tool for future biomarker/diagnostic studies in humans. We report positively correlated miRNA-mRNA expression networks that suggest an adaptive, targeted miRNA response due to binge ethanol drinking. Conclusions This study provides new evidence for the role of miRNA regulation in brain homeostasis and sheds new light on current understanding of the development of alcohol dependence. To our knowledge this is the first report that activated expression of miRNAs correlates with activated expression of mRNAs rather than with mRNA downregulation in an in vivo model. We speculate that early activation of miRNAs designed to limit the effects of alcohol-induced genes may be an essential adaptive response during disease progression.
Collapse
|
45
|
Maejima T, Masseck OA, Mark MD, Herlitze S. Modulation of firing and synaptic transmission of serotonergic neurons by intrinsic G protein-coupled receptors and ion channels. Front Integr Neurosci 2013; 7:40. [PMID: 23734105 PMCID: PMC3661940 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2013.00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Serotonergic neurons project to virtually all regions of the central nervous system and are consequently involved in many critical physiological functions such as mood, sexual behavior, feeding, sleep/wake cycle, memory, cognition, blood pressure regulation, breathing, and reproductive success. Therefore, serotonin release and serotonergic neuronal activity have to be precisely controlled and modulated by interacting brain circuits to adapt to specific emotional and environmental states. We will review the current knowledge about G protein-coupled receptors and ion channels involved in the regulation of serotonergic system, how their regulation is modulating the intrinsic activity of serotonergic neurons and its transmitter release and will discuss the latest methods for controlling the modulation of serotonin release and intracellular signaling in serotonergic neurons in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Maejima
- Department of Zoology and Neurobiology, Ruhr-University Bochum Bochum, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Réaux-Le Goazigo A, Van Steenwinckel J, Rostène W, Mélik Parsadaniantz S. Current status of chemokines in the adult CNS. Prog Neurobiol 2013; 104:67-92. [PMID: 23454481 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2013.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Revised: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 02/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chemokines - chemotactic cytokines - are small secreted proteins that attract and activate immune and non-immune cells in vitro and in vivo. It has been suggested that chemokines and their receptors play a role in the central nervous system (CNS), in addition to their well established role in the immune system. We focus here on three chemokines-CXCL12 (C-X-C motif ligand 12), CCL2 (C-C motif ligand 2), and CX3CL1 (C-X-3C motif ligand 1) - and their principal receptors - CXCR4 (C-X-C motif receptor 4), CCR2 (C-C motif receptor 2) and CX3CR1 (C-X-3C motif receptor 1), respectively. We first introduce the classification of chemokines and their G-protein coupled receptors and the main signaling pathways triggered by receptor activation. We then discuss the cellular distribution of CXCL12/CXCR4, CCL2/CCR2 and CX3CL1/CX3CR1 in adult brain and the neurotransmission and neuromodulation effects controlled by these chemokines in the adult CNS. Changes in the expression of CXCL12, CCL2 and CX3CL1 and their respective receptors are also increasingly being implicated in the pathogenesis of CNS disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, HIV-associated encephalopathy, stroke and multiple sclerosis, and are therefore plausible targets for future pharmacological intervention. The final section thus discusses the role of these chemokines in these pathophysiological states. In conclusion, the role of these chemokines in cellular communication may make it possible: (i) to identify new pathways of neuron-neuron, glia-glia or neuron-glia communications relevant to both normal brain function and neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases; (ii) to develop new therapeutic approaches for currently untreatable brain diseases.
Collapse
|
47
|
Wu Y, Lousberg EL, Moldenhauer LM, Hayball JD, Coller JK, Rice KC, Watkins LR, Somogyi AA, Hutchinson MR. Inhibiting the TLR4-MyD88 signalling cascade by genetic or pharmacological strategies reduces acute alcohol-induced sedation and motor impairment in mice. Br J Pharmacol 2012; 165:1319-29. [PMID: 21955045 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01572.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Emerging evidence implicates a role for toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in the CNS effects of alcohol. The aim of the current study was to determine whether TLR4-MyD88-dependent signalling is involved in the acute behavioural actions of alcohol and if alcohol can activate TLR4-downstream MAPK and NF-κB pathways. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The TLR4 pathway was evaluated using the TLR4 antagonist (+)-naloxone (µ-opioid receptor-inactive isomer) and mice with null mutations in the TLR4 and MyD88 genes. Sedation and motor impairment induced by a single dose of alcohol were assessed by loss of righting reflex (LORR) and rotarod tests, separately. The phosphorylation of JNK, ERK and p38, and levels of IκBα were measured to determine the effects of acute alcohol exposure on MAPK and NF-κB signalling. KEY RESULTS After a single dose of alcohol, both pharmacological inhibition of TLR4 signalling with (+)-naloxone and genetic deficiency of TLR4 or MyD88 significantly (P < 0.0001) reduced the duration of LORR by 45-78% and significantly decreased motor impairment recovery time to 62-88% of controls. These behavioural actions were not due to changes in the peripheral or central alcohol pharmacokinetics. IκBα levels responded to alcohol by 30 min in mixed hippocampal cell samples, from wild-type mice, but not in cells from TLR4- or MyD88-deficient mice. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These data provide new evidence that TLR4-MyD88 signalling is involved in the acute behavioural actions of alcohol in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Reaux-Le Goazigo A, Rivat C, Kitabgi P, Pohl M, Melik Parsadaniantz S. Cellular and subcellular localization of CXCL12 and CXCR4 in rat nociceptive structures: physiological relevance. Eur J Neurosci 2012; 36:2619-31. [PMID: 22694179 DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2012.08179.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Initial studies implicated the chemokine CXC motif ligand 12 (CXCL12) and its cognate CXC motif receptor 4 (CXCR4) in pain modulation. However, there has been no description of the distribution, transport and axonal sorting of CXCL12 and CXCR4 in rat nociceptive structures, and their direct participation in nociception modulation has not been demonstrated. Here, we report that acute intrathecal administration of CXCL12 induced mechanical hypersensitivity in naive rats. This effect was prevented by a CXCR4-neutralizing antibody. To determine the morphological basis of this behavioural response, we used light and electron microscopic immunohistochemistry to map CXCL12- and CXCR4-immunoreactive elements in dorsal root ganglia, lumbar spinal cord, sciatic nerve and skin. Light microscopy analysis revealed CXCL12 and CXCR4 immunoreactivity in calcitonin gene related peptide-containing peptidergic primary sensory neurons, which were both conveyed to central and peripheral sensory nerve terminals. Electron microscopy clearly demonstrated CXCL12 and CXCR4 immunoreactivity in primary sensory nerve terminals in the dorsal horn; both were sorted into small clear vesicles and large dense-core vesicles. This suggests that CXCL12 and CXCR4 are trafficked from nerve cell bodies to the dorsal horn. Double immunogold labelling for CXCL12 and calcitonin gene related peptide revealed partial vesicular colocalization in axonal terminals. We report, for the first time, that CXCR4 receptors are mainly located on the neuronal plasma membrane, where they are present at pre-synaptic and post-synaptic sites of central terminals. Receptor inactivation experiments, behavioural studies and morphological analyses provide strong evidence that the CXCL12/CXCR4 system is involved in modulation of nociceptive signalling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annabelle Reaux-Le Goazigo
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut Cerveau Moelle (CrICM), UMR S 975 INSERM-UMR 7225 CNRS-UPMC, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Faculty of Medicine Pitié Salpêtrière, 91 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Wei SG, Zhang ZH, Yu Y, Weiss RM, Felder RB. Central actions of the chemokine stromal cell-derived factor 1 contribute to neurohumoral excitation in heart failure rats. Hypertension 2012; 59:991-8. [PMID: 22493069 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.111.188086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The ample expression of chemokines and their receptors by neurons in the brain suggests that they play a functional role beyond the coordination of inflammatory and immune responses. Growing evidence implicates brain chemokines in the regulation of neuronal activity and neurohormonal release. This study examined the potential role of brain chemokines in regulating hemodynamic, sympathetic, and neuroendocrine mechanisms in rats with ischemia-induced heart failure (HF). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the chemokine stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1)/CXCL12 was highly expressed in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus and subfornical organ and that SDF-1 expression was significantly increased in HF rats compared with sham-operated (SHAM) control rats. ICV injection of SDF-1 induced substantial and long-lasting increases in blood pressure, heart rate, and renal sympathetic nerve activity in both SHAM and HF rats, but responses were exaggerated in HF rats. Bilateral microinjection of SDF-1 into the paraventricular nucleus also elicited exaggerated increases in blood pressure, heart rate, and renal sympathetic nerve activity in the HF rats. A 4-hour ICV infusion of SDF-1 increased plasma levels of arginine vasopressin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and norepinephrine in normal rats, responses that were prevented by pretreatment with ICV SDF-1 short-hairpin RNA (shRNA). ICV administration of SDF-1 shRNA also reduced plasma arginine vasopressin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and norepinephrine levels in HF rats. These data suggest that the chemokine SDF-1, acting within the brain, plays an important role in regulating sympathetic drive, neuroendocrine release, and hemodynamic function in normal and pathophysiological conditions and so may contribute to the neural and humoral activation in HF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Guang Wei
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Chen X, Kirby LG, Palma J, Benamar K, Geller EB, Eisenstein TK, Adler MW. The effect of gp120 on morphine's antinociceptive and neurophysiological actions. Brain Behav Immun 2011; 25:1434-43. [PMID: 21569838 PMCID: PMC3998826 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2011.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2011] [Revised: 04/12/2011] [Accepted: 04/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, we have shown that morphine's analgesic activity can be attenuated by chemokines, specifically CCL5 and CXCL12. Because the HIV-1 coat protein, glycoprotein 120 (gp120), binds to the same receptors as do CCL5 and CXCL12, experiments were designed to investigate the effect of gp120 in the brain on antinociception induced by morphine in the cold-water (-3°C) tail-flick (CWT) and hot-plate (+54°C) tests. In addition, mu-opioid-receptor-mediated effects in brain periaqueductal grey (PAG) slices were examined with whole-cell patch-clamp recordings. The results showed that (1) pretreatment with gp120 itself (10, 25, 50, 100 or 133 ng, PAG) had no nociceptive effect in the CWT; (2) pretreatment with gp120 (25 or 100 ng) dose-dependently reduced antinociception induced by subcutaneous (sc) injection of morphine (3 or 6 mg/kg) or PAG injection of morphine (100 ng) in the CWT; (3) a PAG injection of gp120 (133 ng), given 30 min before sc injection of morphine (6 mg/kg), similarly reduced morphine antinociception in the hot-plate test; (4) the inhibitory effect of gp120 on morphine-induced antinociception in the CWT was reversed by AMD3100, an antagonist of CXCR4; (5) pretreatment of slices with gp120 (200 pM) prevented morphine (10 μM)-induced hyperpolarization and reduction of input resistance in PAG neurons. Electrophysiology studies paralleled gp120-induced desensitization of a mu-opioid-receptor-mediated response in PAG neurons at the single-cell level. These studies are the first to demonstrate that the analgesic activity of morphine can be reduced by the presence of gp120 in the PAG and that pretreatment with AMD3100 is able to restore the analgesic effects of morphine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Chen
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|