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de Freitas RL, Acunha RM, Bendaña-Córdoba FR, Medeiros P, Melo-Thomas L, Coimbra NC. Nitric oxide-signalling affects panic-like defensive behaviour and defensive antinociception neuromodulation in the prelimbic cerebral cortex. Brain Res 2024; 1844:149134. [PMID: 39097217 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE The prelimbic division (PrL) of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is a key structure in panic. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the role of nitric oxide (NO) in defensive behaviour and antinociception. METHODS Either Nω-propyl-L-arginine (NPLA) or Carboxy-PTIO was microinjected in the PrL cortex, followed by hypothalamic treatment with bicuculline. The exploratory behaviours, defensive reactions and defensive antinociception were recorded. Encephalic c-Fos protein was immunolabelled after escape behaviour. RESULTS NPLA (an inhibition of nNOs) decreased panic-like responses and innate fear-induced antinociception. The c-PTIO (a membrane-impermeable NO scavenger) decreased the escape behaviour. PrL cortex pre-treatment with c-PTIO at all doses decreased defensive antinociception. c-Fos protein was labelled in neocortical areas, limbic system, and mesencephalic structures. CONCLUSION The NPLA and c-PTIO in the PrL/mPFC decreased the escape behaviour and defensive antinociception organised by medial hypothalamic nuclei. The oriented escape behaviour recruits neocortical areas, limbic system, and mesencephalic structures. These findings suggest that the organisation of defensive antinociception recruits NO-signalling mechanisms within the PrL cortex. Furthermore, the present findings also support the role of NO as a retrograde messenger in the PrL cortex during panic-like emotional reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Leonardo de Freitas
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; Laboratory of Neurosciences of Pain & Emotions and Multi-User Centre of Neuroelectrophysiology, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, FMRP-USP, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; Institute of Neuroscience and Behaviour (INeC) Ophidiarium, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-901, Brazil; Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples 80138, Italy; Institute of Natural Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Str. Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 700, Alfenas, 37130-000 Minas Gerais (MG), Brazil.
| | - Renata Moreira Acunha
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; Laboratory of Neurosciences of Pain & Emotions and Multi-User Centre of Neuroelectrophysiology, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, FMRP-USP, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Fernando René Bendaña-Córdoba
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; Laboratory of Neurosciences of Pain & Emotions and Multi-User Centre of Neuroelectrophysiology, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, FMRP-USP, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Priscila Medeiros
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; Laboratory of Neurosciences of Pain & Emotions and Multi-User Centre of Neuroelectrophysiology, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, FMRP-USP, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; Department of General and Specialized Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing (EERP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Liana Melo-Thomas
- Marburg Centre for Mind, Brain, and Behaviour (MCMBB) of the Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany; Behavioural Neuroscience, Experimental and Biological Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Gutenbergstr. 18, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Norberto Cysne Coimbra
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; Institute of Neuroscience and Behaviour (INeC) Ophidiarium, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-901, Brazil.
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2
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LaCrosse AL, May CE, Griffin WC, Olive MF. mGluR5 positive allosteric modulation prevents MK-801 induced increases in extracellular glutamate in the rat medial prefrontal cortex. Neuroscience 2024; 555:83-91. [PMID: 39019391 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Potentiation of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGluR5) function produces antipsychotic-like and pro-cognitive effects in animal models of schizophrenia and can reverse cognitive deficits induced by N-methyl-D-aspartate type glutamate receptor (NMDAR) antagonists. However, it is currently unknown if mGluR5 positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) can modulate NMDAR antagonist-induced alterations in extracellular glutamate levels in regions underlying these cognitive and behavioral effects, such as the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). We therefore assessed the ability of the mGluR5 PAM, 3-cyano-N-(1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl) benzamide (CDPPB), to reduce elevated extracellular glutamate levels induced by the NMDAR antagonist, dizocilpine (MK-801), in the mPFC. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were implanted with a guide cannula aimed at the mPFC and treated for ten consecutive days with MK-801 and CDPPB or their corresponding vehicles. CDPPB or vehicle was administered thirty minutes before MK-801 or vehicle each day. On the final day of treatment, in vivo microdialysis was performed, and samples were collected every thirty minutes to analyze extracellular glutamate levels. Compared to animals receiving only vehicle, administration of MK-801 alone significantly increased extracellular levels of glutamate in the mPFC. This effect was not observed in animals administered CDPPB before MK-801, nor in those administered CDPPB alone, indicating that CDPPB decreased extracellular glutamate release stimulated by MK-801. Results indicate that CDPPB attenuates MK-801 induced elevations in extracellular glutamate in the mPFC. This effect of CDPPB may underlie neurochemical adaptations associated with the pro-cognitive effects of mGluR5 PAMs in rodent models of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber L LaCrosse
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, 950 S. McAllister Ave., Tempe, AZ 85281, United States; Department of Psychological Science, Northern Michigan University, 1401 Presque Isle Ave, Marquette, MI 49855, United States.
| | - Christina E May
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, MSC 861, 67 President Street, Charleston, SC 29425, United States; Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - William C Griffin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, MSC 861, 67 President Street, Charleston, SC 29425, United States
| | - M Foster Olive
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, 950 S. McAllister Ave., Tempe, AZ 85281, United States
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3
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Janus A, Lustyk K, Pytka K. MK-801 and cognitive functions: Investigating the behavioral effects of a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2023; 240:2435-2457. [PMID: 37725119 PMCID: PMC10640442 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-023-06454-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE MK-801 (dizocilpine) is a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist originally explored for anticonvulsant potential. Despite its original purpose, its amnestic properties led to the development of pivotal models of various cognitive impairments widely employed in research and greatly impacting scientific progress. MK-801 offers several advantages; however, it also presents drawbacks, including inducing dose-dependent hyperlocomotion or ambiguous effects on anxiety, which can impact the interpretation of behavioral research results. OBJECTIVES The present review attempts to summarize and discuss the effects of MK-801 on different types of memory and cognitive functions in animal studies. RESULTS A plethora of behavioral research suggests that MK-801 can detrimentally impact cognitive functions. The specific effect of this compound is influenced by variables including developmental stage, gender, species, strain, and, crucially, the administered dose. Notably, when considering the undesirable effects of MK-801, doses up to 0.1 mg/kg were found not to induce stereotypy or hyperlocomotion. CONCLUSION Dizocilpine continues to be of significant importance in preclinical research, facilitating the exploration of various procognitive therapeutic agents. However, given its potential undesirable effects, it is imperative to meticulously determine the appropriate dosages and conduct supplementary evaluations for any undesirable outcomes, which could complicate the interpretation of the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Janus
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
| | - Klaudia Lustyk
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
| | - Karolina Pytka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland.
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4
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Borges Dos Santos JR, Rae M, Teixeira SA, Muscará MN, Szumlinski KK, Camarini R. The effect of MK-801 on stress-ethanol cross-sensitization is dissociable from its effects on nNOS activity. Alcohol 2023; 112:31-39. [PMID: 37479092 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2023.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Locomotor behavioral sensitization represents an animal model for understanding neuroadaptive processes related to repeated drug exposure. Repeated stress can elicit a cross-sensitization to the stimulant response of ethanol, which involves neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). Activation of N-methyl d-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptors triggers nNOS and the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO). In this study, we investigated the effects of blocking NMDA receptors using the NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 on the cross-sensitization between restraint stress and ethanol. We also evaluated the nNOS activity in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus. Mice were pretreated with saline or MK-801 30 min before an injection of saline or stress exposure for 14 days. On the following day, they were challenged with either saline or 1.8 g/kg ethanol. Swiss male mice pretreated with 0.25 mg/kg MK-801 exhibited a sensitized response to ethanol. Moreover, MK-801 potentiated the cross-sensitization between stress and ethanol. However, MK-801 prevented the enhanced nNOS activity in stress-exposed groups (challenged with saline or ethanol) in the PFC; the antagonist also prevented the ethanol-induced increase in nNOS activity and reduced this enzyme activity in mice exposed to stress in the hippocampus. These data indicate that systemic treatment with the NMDA antagonist potentiated, rather than blocked, ethanol-induced behavioral sensitization and that this effect is dissociable from the capacity of NMDA antagonists to reduce ethanol/stress-induced NOS stimulation in the PFC and hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline Rocha Borges Dos Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural Do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mariana Rae
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Nicolás Muscará
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Karen K Szumlinski
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology and the Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
| | - Rosana Camarini
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Fukuyama K, Motomura E, Okada M. Enhanced L-β-Aminoisobutyric Acid Is Involved in the Pathophysiology of Effectiveness for Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia and Adverse Reactions of Clozapine. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13050862. [PMID: 37238731 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Clozapine is an effective antipsychotic for the treatment of antipsychotic-resistant schizophrenia; however, specific types of A/B adverse effects and clozapine-discontinuation syndromes are also well known. To date, both the critical mechanisms of clinical actions (effective for antipsychotic-resistant schizophrenia) and the adverse effects of clozapine remain to be elucidated. Recently, we demonstrated that clozapine increased the synthesis of L-β-aminoisobutyric acid (L-BAIBA) in the hypothalamus. L-BAIBA is an activator of the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), glycine receptor, GABAA receptor, and GABAB receptor (GABAB-R). These targets of L-BAIBA overlap as potential targets other than the monoamine receptors of clozapine. However, the direct binding of clozapine to these aminoacidic transmitter/modulator receptors remains to be clarified. Therefore, to explore the contribution of increased L-BAIBA on the clinical action of clozapine, this study determined the effects of clozapine and L-BAIBA on tripartite synaptic transmission, including GABAB-R and the group-III metabotropic glutamate receptor (III-mGluR) using cultured astrocytes, as well as on the thalamocortical hyper-glutamatergic transmission induced by impaired glutamate/NMDA receptors using microdialysis. Clozapine increased astroglial L-BAIBA synthesis in time/concentration-dependent manners. Increased L-BAIBA synthesis was observed until 3 days after clozapine discontinuation. Clozapine did not directly bind III-mGluR or GABAB-R, whereas L-BAIBA activated these receptors in the astrocytes. Local administration of MK801 into the reticular thalamic nucleus (RTN) increased L-glutamate release in the medial frontal cortex (mPFC) (MK801-evoked L-glutamate release). Local administration of L-BAIBA into the mPFC suppressed MK801-evoked L-glutamate release. These actions of L-BAIBA were inhibited by antagonists of III-mGluR and GABAB-R, similar to clozapine. These in vitro and in vivo analyses suggest that increased frontal L-BAIBA signaling likely plays an important role in the pharmacological actions of clozapine, such as improving the effectiveness of treating treatment-resistant schizophrenia and several clozapine discontinuation syndromes via the activation of III-mGluR and GABAB-R in the mPFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouji Fukuyama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Eishi Motomura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Motohiro Okada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
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Shahzad S, Batool Z, Afzal A, Haider S. Reversal of oxidative stress, cytokine toxicity and DNA fragmentation by quercetin in dizocilpine-induced animal model of Schizophrenia. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:2793-2805. [PMID: 36152087 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-01090-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Quercetin, a polyphenolic compound found in a variety of plant products possesses various biological activities and beneficial effects on human health. Schizophrenia (SZ) is one of the neuropsychiatric disorders in human beings with rapid mortality and intense morbidity which can be treated with antipsychotics, but these commercial drugs exert adverse effects and have less efficacy to treat the full spectrum of SZ. The present study was conducted to evaluate neuroprotective effects of quercetin in the preventive and therapeutic treatment of SZ. Quercetin was administered as pre- and post-regimens at the dose of 50 mg/kg in dizocilpine-induced SZ rat model for two weeks. Rats were then subjected for the assessment of different behaviors followed by biochemical, neurochemical, and inflammatory marker analyses. The present findings revealed that quercetin significantly reverses the effects of dizocilpine-induced psychosis-like symptoms in all behavioral assessments as well as it also combats oxidative stress. This flavonoid also regulates dopaminergic, serotonergic, and glutamatergic neurotransmission. A profound effect on inflammatory cytokines and decreased %DNA fragmentation was also observed following the administration of quercetin. The findings suggest that quercetin can be considered as a preventive as well as therapeutic strategy to attenuate oxidative stress and cytokine toxicity, regulate neurotransmission, and prevent enhanced DNA fragmentation that can lead to the amelioration of psychosis-like symptoms in SZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidrah Shahzad
- Neurochemistry and Biochemical Neuropharmacology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
- Pakistan Navy Medical Training School and College, PNS Shifa, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zehra Batool
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Asia Afzal
- Neurochemistry and Biochemical Neuropharmacology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
- Collaborative Drug Discovery Research (CDDR) Group and Brain Degeneration and Therapeutics Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Puncak Alam, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Saida Haider
- Neurochemistry and Biochemical Neuropharmacology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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Bauminger H, Gaisler-Salomon I. Beyond NMDA Receptors: Homeostasis at the Glutamate Tripartite Synapse and Its Contributions to Cognitive Dysfunction in Schizophrenia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:8617. [PMID: 35955750 PMCID: PMC9368772 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive deficits are core symptoms of schizophrenia but remain poorly addressed by dopamine-based antipsychotic medications. Glutamate abnormalities are implicated in schizophrenia-related cognitive deficits. While the role of the NMDA receptor has been extensively studied, less attention was given to other components that control glutamate homeostasis. Glutamate dynamics at the tripartite synapse include presynaptic and postsynaptic components and are tightly regulated by neuron-astrocyte crosstalk. Here, we delineate the role of glutamate homeostasis at the tripartite synapse in schizophrenia-related cognitive dysfunction. We focus on cognitive domains that can be readily measured in humans and rodents, i.e., working memory, recognition memory, cognitive flexibility, and response inhibition. We describe tasks used to measure cognitive function in these domains in humans and rodents, and the relevance of glutamate alterations in these domains. Next, we delve into glutamate tripartite synaptic components and summarize findings that implicate the relevance of these components to specific cognitive domains. These collective findings indicate that neuron-astrocyte crosstalk at the tripartite synapse is essential for cognition, and that pre- and postsynaptic components play a critical role in maintaining glutamate homeostasis and cognitive well-being. The contribution of these components to cognitive function should be considered in order to better understand the role played by glutamate signaling in cognition and develop efficient pharmacological treatment avenues for schizophrenia treatment-resistant symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagar Bauminger
- School of Psychological Sciences, Department of Psychology, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel;
- The Integrated Brain and Behavior Research Center (IBBRC), University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Inna Gaisler-Salomon
- School of Psychological Sciences, Department of Psychology, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel;
- The Integrated Brain and Behavior Research Center (IBBRC), University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
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8
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Mizoguchi T, Fujimori H, Ohba T, Shimazawa M, Nakamura S, Shinohara M, Hara H. Glutamatergic dysfunction is associated with phenotypes of VGF-overexpressing mice. Exp Brain Res 2022; 240:2051-2060. [PMID: 35587282 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-022-06384-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
VGF nerve growth factor inducible (VGF) is a neuropeptide precursor, which is induced by several neurotrophic factors, including nerve growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Clinically, an upregulation of VGF levels has been reported in the cerebrospinal fluid and prefrontal cortex of patients with schizophrenia. In our previous study, mice overexpressing VGF exhibited schizophrenia-related behaviors. In the current study, we characterized the biochemical changes in the brains of VGF-overexpressing mice. Metabolomics analysis of neurotransmitters revealed that glutamic acid and N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid were increased in the striatum of VGF-overexpressing mice. Additionally, the present study revealed that MK-801, which causes the disturbance in glutamic acid metabolism, increased the expression level of VGF-derived peptide (NAPP129, named VGF20), and VGF-overexpressing mice had higher sensitivity to MK-801. These results suggest that VGF may modulate the regulation of glutamic acid levels and the degree of glutamic acid signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Mizoguchi
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Honoka Fujimori
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Takuya Ohba
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Shimazawa
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan.
| | - Shinsuke Nakamura
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Masakazu Shinohara
- The Integrated Center for Mass Spectrometry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.,Division of Epidemiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hideaki Hara
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
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Saulskaya NB, Burmakina MA, Trofimova NA. Effect of Activation and Blockade of Nitrergic Neurotransmission on Serotonin System Activity of the Rat Medial Prefrontal Cortex. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093022020181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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10
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Janz P, Nicolas MJ, Redondo RL, Valencia M.
GABA
B
R
activation partially normalizes acute
NMDAR
hypofunction oscillatory abnormalities but fails to rescue sensory processing deficits. J Neurochem 2022; 161:417-434. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Janz
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann‐La Roche Ltd, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Maria Jesus Nicolas
- Universidad de Navarra, CIMA, Program of Neuroscience, 31080 Pamplona Spain
- IdiSNA Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31080 Pamplona Spain
| | - Roger L. Redondo
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann‐La Roche Ltd, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Miguel Valencia
- Universidad de Navarra, CIMA, Program of Neuroscience, 31080 Pamplona Spain
- IdiSNA Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31080 Pamplona Spain
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Bauminger H, Zaidan H, Akirav I, Gaisler-Salomon I. Anandamide Hydrolysis Inhibition Reverses the Long-Term Behavioral and Gene Expression Alterations Induced by MK-801 in Male Rats: Differential CB1 and CB2 Receptor-Mediated Effects. Schizophr Bull 2022; 48:795-803. [PMID: 35092675 PMCID: PMC9212101 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbab153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
NMDA receptor blockade in rodents is commonly used to induce schizophrenia-like behavioral abnormalities, including cognitive deficits and social dysfunction. Aberrant glutamate and GABA transmission, particularly in adolescence, is implicated in these behavioral abnormalities. The endocannabinoid system modulates glutamate and GABA transmission, but the impact of endocannabinoid modulation on cognitive and social dysfunction is unclear. Here, we asked whether late-adolescence administration of the anandamide hydrolysis inhibitor URB597 can reverse behavioral deficits induced by early-adolescence administration of the NMDA receptor blocker MK-801. In parallel, we assessed the impact of MK-801 and URB597 on mRNA expression of glutamate and GABA markers. We found that URB597 prevented MK-801-induced novel object recognition deficits and social interaction abnormalities in adult rats, and reversed glutamate and GABA aberrations in the prelimbic PFC. URB597-mediated reversal of MK-801-induced social interaction deficits was mediated by the CB1 receptor, whereas the reversal of cognitive deficits was mediated by the CB2 receptor. This was paralleled by the reversal of CB1 and CB2 receptor expression abnormalities in the basolateral amygdala and prelimbic PFC, respectively. Together, our findings show that interfering with NMDA receptor function in early adolescence has a lasting impact on phenotypes resembling the negative symptoms and cognitive deficits of schizophrenia and on glutamate and GABA marker expression in the PFC. Prevention of behavioral and molecular abnormalities by late-adolescence URB597 via CB1 and CB2 receptors suggests that endocannabinoid stimulation may have therapeutic potential in addressing treatment-resistant symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagar Bauminger
- Department of Psychology, School of Psychological Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel,The Integrated Brain and Behavior Research Center (IBBRC), University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Hiba Zaidan
- Department of Psychology, School of Psychological Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel,The Integrated Brain and Behavior Research Center (IBBRC), University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Irit Akirav
- Department of Psychology, School of Psychological Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel,The Integrated Brain and Behavior Research Center (IBBRC), University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Inna Gaisler-Salomon
- To whom correspondence should be addressed; tel: +972-4-8249674, fax: +972-4-8263157, e-mail:
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Ericek OB, Akillioglu K, Saker D, Cevik I, Donmez Kutlu M, Kara S, Yilmaz DM. Distribution of Aquaporin-4 channels in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex in mk-801-treated balb/c mice. Ultrastruct Pathol 2022; 46:63-79. [PMID: 35014582 DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2021.2024633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Functional disorders of the glymphatic system and Aquaporin-4 (AQP-4) channels take part in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disease. The aim of this study was to describe the distribution of AQP-4 channels in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in a mouse model of NMDA receptor blocking agent-induced schizophrenia-like behavior model. NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 was used to produce the experimental schizophrenia model. MK-801 injections were administered for eleven days to Balb/c mice intraperitoneally. Beginning from the sixth day of injection, the spatial learning and memory of the mice were tested by the Morris water maze (MWM) task. A group of mice was injected with MK-801 for ten days without the MWM task. Hippocampus and prefrontal specimens were collected from this group. Tissue samples were stained immunohistochemically and AQP-4 channels were examined by electron microscope. Time to find the platform was significantly longer at MK-801 injected group than the control group at the MWM task. Also, time spent at the target quadrant by the MK-801 group was shorter compared to the control group. AQP-4 expression increased significantly at MK-801 group glial cells, neuronal perikaryon, perineuronal and pericapillary spaces. In the MK-801 group, there was remarkable damage in neurons and glial cells. Increased AQP-4 channel expression and neurodegeneration at the MK-801 group induced with schizophrenia-like behavior model. MK-801 induced NMDA receptor blockade causes a decline in cognitive and memory functions. Increased AQP-4 expression at the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus to elicit and transport products of synaptic neurotransmitters and end metabolites is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer Burak Ericek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, University of Nigde Omer Halisdemir, Nigde, Turkey
| | - Kübra Akillioglu
- Division of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of Cukurova, Adana, Turkey
| | - Dilek Saker
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, University of Cukurova, Adana, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Cevik
- Division of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of Cukurova, Adana, Turkey
| | - Meltem Donmez Kutlu
- Division of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of Cukurova, Adana, Turkey
| | - Samet Kara
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, University of Cukurova, Adana, Turkey
| | - Dervis Mansuri Yilmaz
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Cukurova, Adana, Turkey
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13
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Huang SJ, Zuo MT, Qi XJ, Huang CY, Liu ZY. Phosphoproteomics reveals NMDA receptor-mediated excitotoxicity as a key signaling pathway in the toxicity of gelsenicine. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 156:112507. [PMID: 34389372 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Gelsenicine is one of the most toxic compounds in the genus Gelsemium, but the mechanism of toxicity is not clear. In this paper, tandem mass tag quantitative phosphoproteomics was used to study the changes in protein phosphorylation in different brain regions at different time points after gelsenicine poisoning in mice. The correlation between neurotransmitter receptors and the toxicity of gelsenicine was analyzed by molecular docking and rescue experiments. Parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) was used to verify the related proteins. A total of 17877 unique phosphosites were quantified and mapped to 4170 brain proteins to understand the signaling pathways. Phosphoproteomics revealed gelsenicine poisoning mainly affected protein phosphorylation levels in the hippocampus, and through bioinformatics analysis, it was found gelsenicine poisoning significantly affected neurotransmitter synaptic pathway. The molecular docking results showed that gelsenicine could bind to the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor (NMDAR). In addition, we found that NMDA was effective in improving the survival rate of the animals tested, and this effect was associated with reduced protein phosphorylation by PRM validation. The results revealed that gelsenicine affects neurotransmitter release and receptor function. This is the first demonstration that NMDA receptor-mediated excitotoxicity is a key signaling pathway in the toxicity of gelsenicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Juan Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Meng-Ting Zuo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Xue-Jia Qi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Chong-Yin Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Zhao-Ying Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China.
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14
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Haider S, Shahzad S, Batool Z, Sadir S, Liaquat L, Tabassum S, Perveen T. Spirulina platensis reduces the schizophrenic-like symptoms in rat model by restoring altered APO-E and RTN-4 protein expression in prefrontal cortex. Life Sci 2021; 277:119417. [PMID: 33794248 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Schizophrenia (SZ) is recognized as a neuropsychiatric disorder in humans with accelerated mortality and profound morbidity followed with impairments in social as well as vocational functioning. Though various antipsychotics are being considered as approved treatment therapy for the psychotic symptoms of SZ but they also exert adverse effects and also lack efficacy in treating full spectrum of the disorder. Spirulina platensis (blue-green algae), a nutritional supplement, constitutes a variety of multi-nutrients and possesses a large number of neuroprotective activities. Therefore, present experimental work was designed to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of spirulina in ameliorating the psychosis-like symptoms in dizocilpine-induced rat model of SZ. MATERIALS AND METHODS The spirulina was tested as preventive and therapeutic regimen at the dose of 180 mg/kg. After pre- and post-treatment with spirulina, rats were subjected to behavioral assessments followed by biochemical and neurochemical estimations. Biomarkers including APO-E, RTN-4, TNF-α, and IL-6 were also estimated using ELISA. KEY FINDINGS Present results showed that administration of spirulina not only improved behavioral deficits induced by dizocilpine but it also regulates neurotransmission, oligodendrocyte dysfunction and APO-E over expression. Moreover, it also restores the immune response dysfunction by reducing inflammatory cytokines. SIGNIFICANCE Thus, from present findings it may be suggested that spirulina aids in ameliorating the psychosis-like symptoms induced by dizocilpine in animal model possibly via regulation of neurotransmission and other biomarkers that are extensively used to uncover the etiopathology of SZ. Hence, blue-green algae can be used as an effective therapy for preventive or therapeutic measures in SZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saida Haider
- Neurochemistry and Biochemical Neuropharmacology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sidrah Shahzad
- Neurochemistry and Biochemical Neuropharmacology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan; Pakistan Navy Medical Training School and College, PNS Shifa, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zehra Batool
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Sadia Sadir
- Neurochemistry and Biochemical Neuropharmacology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Laraib Liaquat
- Multidisciplinary Research Lab, Bahria University Medical and Dental College, Bahria University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Saiqa Tabassum
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Life Science, Shaheed Zulfqar Ali, Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology (Szabist), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Tahira Perveen
- Neurochemistry and Biochemical Neuropharmacology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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15
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Takagi S, Balu DT, Coyle JT. Factors regulating serine racemase and d-amino acid oxidase expression in the mouse striatum. Brain Res 2020; 1751:147202. [PMID: 33171153 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
d-Serine plays an important role in modulating N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) neurotransmission in the mammalian brain by binding to the receptor's glycine modulatory site (GMS). The cytosolic enzyme serine racemase (SR) converts L-serine to d-serine, while the peroxisomal enzyme d-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) catalyzes the breakdown of d-serine. Although it is important to understand how the activities of SR and DAAO regulate d-serine levels, very little is known about the mechanisms that regulate the expression of SR and DAAO. In this study, we investigated whether the different centrally active drugs affect the expression of SR and DAAO in adult mouse brain. We found that the NMDAR antagonist, MK801, and cocaine, psychotropic drugs that both augment glutamate release, reduce the expression of SR and DAAO. This regulation is brain region selective, and in the case of cocaine, is reversed in part byα-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) antagonist 2,3-dihydroxy-6-nitro-7-sulfamoyl-benzo[f]quinoxaline-2,3-dione (NBQX). However, d-serine and antipsychotics do not regulate SR and DAAO protein levels. In a genetic model of SR disruption, we found that DAAO expression was unaltered in SR conditional knockout mice, in which tissue d-serine content remains fairly stable despite marked reduction in SR expression. This study reveals a new mechanism by which AMPAR activity could regulate NMDAR function via d-serine availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Takagi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan; Laboratory for Psychiatric and Molecular Neuroscience, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA.
| | - Darrick T Balu
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Laboratory for Psychiatric and Molecular Neuroscience, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
| | - Joseph T Coyle
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Laboratory for Psychiatric and Molecular Neuroscience, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
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16
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Joo YH, Kim YK, Choi IG, Kim HJ, Son YD, Kim HK, Cumming P, Kim JH. In vivo glucose metabolism and glutamate levels in mGluR5 knockout mice: a multimodal neuroimaging study using [ 18F]FDG microPET and MRS. EJNMMI Res 2020; 10:116. [PMID: 33006705 PMCID: PMC7532251 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-020-00716-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Perturbed functional coupling between the metabotropic glutamate receptor-5 (mGluR5) and N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated excitatory glutamatergic neurotransmission may contribute to the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. We aimed to establish the functional interaction between mGluR5 and NMDA receptors in brain of mice with genetic ablation of the mGluR5. Methods We first measured the brain glutamate levels with magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in mGluR5 knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice. Then, we assessed brain glucose metabolism with [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) positron emission tomography before and after the acute administration of an NMDA antagonist, MK-801 (0.5 mg/kg), in the same mGluR5 KO and WT mice. Results Between-group comparisons showed no significant differences in [18F]FDG standardized uptake values (SUVs) in brain of mGluR5 KO and WT mice at baseline, but widespread reductions in mGluR5 KO mice compared to WT mice after MK-801 administration (p < 0.05). The baseline glutamate levels did not differ significantly between the two groups. However, there were significant negative correlations between baseline prefrontal glutamate levels and regional [18F]FDG SUVs in mGluR5 KO mice (p < 0.05), but no such correlations in WT mice. Fisher’s Z-transformation analysis revealed significant between-group differences in these correlations (p < 0.05). Conclusions This is the first multimodal neuroimaging study in mGluR5 KO mice and the first report on the association between cerebral glucose metabolism and glutamate levels in living rodents. The results indicate that mGluR5 KO mice respond to NMDA antagonism with reduced cerebral glucose metabolism, suggesting that mGluR5 transmission normally moderates the net effects of NMDA receptor antagonism on neuronal activity. The negative correlation between glutamate levels and glucose metabolism in mGluR5 KO mice at baseline may suggest an unmasking of an inhibitory component of the glutamatergic regulation of neuronal energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yo-Han Joo
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Kwan Kim
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Gyu Choi
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Jin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Don Son
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Science and Technology, Graduate School, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Hang-Keun Kim
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Science and Technology, Graduate School, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Paul Cumming
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University, Bern, Switzerland.,School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea. .,Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Science and Technology, Graduate School, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea. .,Department of Psychiatry, Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University College of Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, 1198 Guwol-dong, Namdong-gu, Incheon, 405-760, South Korea.
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17
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Silote GP, de Oliveira SFS, Ribeiro DE, Machado MS, Andreatini R, Joca SRL, Beijamini V. Ketamine effects on anxiety and fear-related behaviors: Current literature evidence and new findings. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2020; 100:109878. [PMID: 31982463 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.109878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ketamine, a non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, presents a rapid and sustained antidepressant effect in clinical and preclinical studies. Regarding ketamine effects on anxiety, there is a widespread discordance among pre-clinical studies. To address this issue, the present study reviewed the literature (electronic database MEDLINE) to summarize the profile of ketamine effects in animal tests of anxiety/fear. We found that ketamine anxiety/fear-related effects may depend on the anxiety paradigm, schedule of ketamine administration and tested species. Moreover, there was no report of ketamine effects in animal tests of fear related to panic disorder (PD). Based on that finding, we evaluated if treatment with ketamine and another NMDA antagonist, MK-801, would induce acute and sustained (24 hours later) anxiolytic and/or panicolytic-like effects in animals exposed to the elevated T-maze (ETM). The ETM evaluates, in the same animal, conflict-evoked and fear behaviors, which are related, respectively, to generalized anxiety disorder and PD. Male Wistar rats were systemically treated with racemic ketamine (10, 30 and 80 mg/kg) or MK-801 (0.05 and 0.1 mg/kg) and tested in the ETM in the same day or 24 hours after their administration. Ketamine did not affect the behavioral tasks performed in the ETM acutely or 24 h later. MK-801 impaired inhibitory avoidance in the ETM only at 45 min post-injection, suggesting a rapid but not sustained anxiolytic-like effect. Altogether our results suggest that ketamine might have mixed effects in anxiety tests while it does not affect panic-related behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela P Silote
- Biochemistry and Pharmacology Graduate Program, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit (TNU), Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sabrina F S de Oliveira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil
| | - Deidiane E Ribeiro
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Mayara S Machado
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil
| | - Roberto Andreatini
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Sâmia R L Joca
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies (AIAS), Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Vanessa Beijamini
- Biochemistry and Pharmacology Graduate Program, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil; Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil.
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18
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Ulivieri M, Wierońska JM, Lionetto L, Martinello K, Cieslik P, Chocyk A, Curto M, Di Menna L, Iacovelli L, Traficante A, Liberatore F, Mascio G, Antenucci N, Giannino G, Vergassola M, Pittaluga A, Bruno V, Battaglia G, Fucile S, Simmaco M, Nicoletti F, Pilc A, Fazio F. The Trace Kynurenine, Cinnabarinic Acid, Displays Potent Antipsychotic-Like Activity in Mice and Its Levels Are Reduced in the Prefrontal Cortex of Individuals Affected by Schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2020; 46:1471-1481. [PMID: 32506121 PMCID: PMC7846105 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbaa074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Cinnabarinic acid (CA) is a kynurenine metabolite that activates mGlu4 metabotropic glutamate receptors. Using a highly sensitive ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS-MS) method, we found that CA is present in trace amounts in human brain tissue. CA levels were largely reduced in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of individuals affected by schizophrenia. This reduction did not correlate with age, sex, duration of the disease, and duration and type of antipsychotic medication and might, therefore, represent a trait of schizophrenia. Interestingly, systemic treatment with low doses of CA (<1 mg/kg, i.p.) showed robust efficacy in several behavioral tests useful to study antipsychotic-like activity in mice and rats and attenuated MK-801-evoked glutamate release. CA failed to display antipsychotic-like activity and inhibit excitatory synaptic transmission in mice lacking mGlu4 receptors. These findings suggest that CA is a potent endogenous antipsychotic-like molecule and reduced CA levels in the PFC might contribute to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luana Lionetto
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, DiMA (Advanced Molecular Diagnosis), Sant’Andrea Hospital—Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Paulina Cieslik
- Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Chocyk
- Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Martina Curto
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy,Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy,Bipolar & Psychotic Disorders Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA
| | | | - Luisa Iacovelli
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Nico Antenucci
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giannino
- School of Medicine and Psychology NESMOS Department, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Anna Pittaluga
- Department of Pharmacy, DiFAR, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy,I.R.C.C.S. San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Valeria Bruno
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Battaglia
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Fucile
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Simmaco
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, DiMA (Advanced Molecular Diagnosis), Sant’Andrea Hospital—Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrzej Pilc
- Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Francesco Fazio
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy,To whom correspondence should be addressed; Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Rose F. Kennedy Center, 1410 Pelham Parkway South, room 610, New York City, NY, USA; tel: +1-718-430-2160, fax: +1-718-430-8932, e-mail:
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19
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Xiong S, Song Y, Liu J, Du Y, Ding Y, Wei H, Bryan K, Ma F, Mao L. Neuroprotective effects of MK-801 on auditory cortex in salicylate-induced tinnitus: Involvement of neural activity, glutamate and ascorbate. Hear Res 2019; 375:44-52. [PMID: 30795964 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2019.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tinnitus may cause anxiety, depression, insomnia, which impair the quality of life of millions worldwide. However, the mechanism of tinnitus remains to be understood, it has been previously hypothesized that the activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor is involved in the tinnitus processes and blockade of the NMDA receptor is regarded as a therapeutic strategy for tinnitus treatment even if the rescue treatment is still proved invalid in some cases. To demonstrate the therapeutic effect of the NMDA receptor blocker on tinnitus, we examined here the spontaneous firing rate (SFR) and the neurochemical dynamics in the auditory cortex (AC) of rats after sodium salicylate (SS) injection, which is a widely used model for tinnitus research. We also recorded their responses to MK-801 treatment. Electrophysiological studies showed that MK-801 significantly suppresses SFR in AC of rats with SS-induced tinnitus. In addition, by using a technique that combining in vivo microdialysis with an online electrochemical system (OECS) and a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), we found that the levels of both glutamate and ascorbate in AC dramatically increased after SS injection and that MK-801 administration attenuated those response. Further studies found that MK-801 given at a time point of 30 min pre- or post-injection of SS were more effective than that given at a time point of 60 min post-SS injection, indicating that the time point of MK-801 intervention has a critical impact on the therapeutic effect. These findings suggest that MK-801 plays a neuroprotective role against hyperactivity during tinnitus induced by SS and that the therapeutic effect depends on the time point of MK-801 intervention, which would advance the studies on understanding of the therapeutic potential of NMDA receptor antagonist in tinnitus therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Xiong
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Junxiu Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yali Du
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yujing Ding
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Huan Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Kevin Bryan
- Junipero Serra High School, San Mateo, CA, USA
| | - Furong Ma
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Lanqun Mao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
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20
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Borkar CD, Bharne AP, Nagalakshmi B, Sakharkar AJ, Subhedar NK, Kokare DM. Cocaine- and Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript Peptide (CART) Alleviates MK-801-Induced Schizophrenic Dementia-Like Symptoms. Neuroscience 2018; 375:94-107. [PMID: 29425773 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Exaggerated thoughts, diminished mood and impaired cognition are the hallmarks of the schizophrenia-like condition. These symptoms are attributed to the dysregulation of dopamine and glutamate signaling in the brain. Since cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide (CART) modulates actions of dopamine as well as glutamate, we tested the role of this peptide in MK-801-induced schizophrenic dementia-like condition. MK-801-treated rats were allowed to interact with conspecific juvenile and tested for short-term (30-min) and long-term (24-h) social memory acquisition and recall. While MK-801 impaired the social interaction with a juvenile, the behavior was restored in CART [intracerebroventricular (icv) or intra-ventral tegmental area (VTA)] pre-treated animals. This action of CART was blocked by SCH23390 (dopamine D1 receptor antagonist) administered directly into the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Application of neuronal tracer Di-I in the PFC retrogradely labeled dopamine cells of the VTA, which in turn seem to receive CARTergic innervation. A significant increase in CARTimmunoreactivity was evidenced in the VTA, PFC and accumbens of the animals allowed to interact with a juvenile. However, MK-801 treatment attenuated the peptide expression and induced social memory deficits. The schizophrenic dementia-like symptoms following antagonism of glutamatergic receptors may be attributed to the reduced dopamine activity in the mesocortical system. We suggest that CART may, positively modulate the dopamine system to alleviate cognitive deficits associated with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrashekhar D Borkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur 440 033, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ashish P Bharne
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur 440 033, Maharashtra, India
| | - B Nagalakshmi
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411 007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Amul J Sakharkar
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411 007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nishikant K Subhedar
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dadasaheb M Kokare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur 440 033, Maharashtra, India.
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21
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Zarrabian S, Nasehi M, Farrahizadeh M, Zarrindast MR. The role of CA3 GABA B receptors on anxiolytic-like behaviors and avoidance memory deficit induced by D-AP5 with respect to Ca 2+ ions. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2017; 79:515-524. [PMID: 28800869 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Glutamatergic and GABAergic systems play key roles in the hippocampus and affect the pathogenesis of anxiety- and memory-related processes. Some investigations have assessed the role of balancing the function of these two systems in different areas of the central nervous system (CNS) as an approach to manage the related disorders. We investigated the anxiety and avoidance memory states using the test-retest protocol in the elevated plus maze to understand the role of GABAB receptors (GABABRs) in relation to the NMDA receptor blockade by D-AP5 (an NMDA receptor antagonist). Also, we examined the function of Ca2+ ions by blocking its entrance to the cell using SKF96365 (a Ca2+ channel blocker). The drugs were injected into the CA3 region before the test. Our data showed that D-AP5 induced anxiolytic-like behaviors and impaired the avoidance memory. Injection of baclofen (a GABABR agonist), but not phaclofen (a GABABR antagonist) induced anxiolytic-like behaviors. Neither baclofen nor phaclofen altered avoidance memory-related behaviors. When baclofen was injected before D-AP5, it potentiated the anxiolytic-like behaviors induced by D-AP5, but counteracted its effect on avoidance memory. Phaclofen pretreatment attenuated D-AP5-induced anxiolytic-like behaviors, but potentiated its effect on avoidance memory. The effect of baclofen application before D-AP5 on anxiety and phaclofen application before D-AP5 on avoidance memory at the heist doses were accompanied by a decrease in locomotion. The application of SKF96365 did not alter anxiety-like behaviors but induced avoidance memory impairment. SKF96365 application before the combination of baclofen and D-AP5 counteracted the effects produced by the combination of baclofen and D-AP5 on anxiety and memory states. Our findings showed that the CA3 GABABRs had a critical role in anxiolytic-like behaviors and avoidance memory deficit induced by D-AP5 and confirmed the role of Ca2+ ions in the observed results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Zarrabian
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nasehi
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Farrahizadeh
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; School of Cognitive Sciences, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran; Medical Genomics Research Center, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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22
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Ryou MG, Mallet RT, Metzger DB, Jung ME. Intermittent hypoxia training blunts cerebrocortical presenilin 1 overexpression and amyloid-β accumulation in ethanol-withdrawn rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2017; 313:R10-R18. [PMID: 28490448 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00050.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Abrupt cessation of chronic alcohol consumption triggers signaling cascades that harm vulnerable brain regions and produce neurobehavioral deficits. We have demonstrated that a program of intermittent, normobaric hypoxia training (IHT) in rats prevents brain damage and neurobehavioral impairment resulting from abrupt ethanol withdrawal (EW). Moreover, EW induced expression of stress-activated protein kinase p38 and presenilin 1 (PS1), the catalytic subunit of γ-secretase that produces the neurotoxic amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides Aβ40 and Aβ42. We tested the hypotheses that 1) IHT limits EW-induced activation of the p38-PS1 axis, thereby attenuating γ-secretase activation and Aβ accumulation, and 2) EW disables heat shock protein 25 (HSP25), a p38 substrate, molecular chaperone, and antioxidant, and provokes protein carbonylation in a manner suppressed by IHT. Adult male rats completed two cycles of a 4-wk ethanol diet (6.5% wt/vol) and a 3-wk EW or an isocaloric, dextrin-based control diet. A 20-day IHT program (5-8 daily cycles of 5-10 min of 9.5-10% fractional inspired O2 + 4 min of 21% fractional inspired O2) was administered during the first EW phase. After the second EW phase, the brain was excised and the prefrontal cortex extracted. PS1, phosphorylated p38 (p-p38), and HSP25 were analyzed by immunoblot, PS1 messenger RNA by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, protein carbonyl content by spectrometry, and Aβ40 and Aβ42 contents by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. IHT attenuated the EW-associated increases in PS1, p-p38, Aβ40, Aβ42, and protein carbonyl contents, but not that of PS1 messenger RNA, while preserving functionally competent HSP25 dimers in EW rats. Collectively, these findings suggest that IHT may attenuate EW-induced γ-secretase overactivation by suppressing activation of the p38-PS1 axis and by preventing oxidative protein damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myoung-Gwi Ryou
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Public Health, Tarleton State University, Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Robert T Mallet
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Daniel B Metzger
- Center for Neuroscience Discovery, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas; and
| | - Marianna E Jung
- Center for Neuroscience Discovery, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas; and
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23
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de Miranda AS, Brant F, Vieira LB, Rocha NP, Vieira ÉLM, Rezende GHS, de Oliveira Pimentel PM, Moraes MFD, Ribeiro FM, Ransohoff RM, Teixeira MM, Machado FS, Rachid MA, Teixeira AL. A Neuroprotective Effect of the Glutamate Receptor Antagonist MK801 on Long-Term Cognitive and Behavioral Outcomes Secondary to Experimental Cerebral Malaria. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:7063-7082. [PMID: 27796746 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0226-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral malaria (CM) is a life-threatening complication of Plasmodium falciparum infection, which can result in long-term cognitive and behavioral deficits despite successful anti-malarial therapy. Due to the substantial social and economic burden of CM, the development of adjuvant therapies is a scientific goal of highest priority. Apart from vascular and immune responses, changes in glutamate system have been reported in CM pathogenesis suggesting a potential therapeutic target. Based on that, we hypothesized that interventions in the glutamatergic system induced by blockage of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors could attenuate experimental CM long-term cognitive and behavioral outcomes. Before the development of evident CM signs, susceptible mice infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA (PbA) strain were initiated on treatment with dizocilpine maleate (MK801, 0.5 mg/kg), a noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist. On day 5 post-infection, mice were treated orally with a 10-day course chloroquine (CQ, 30 mg/kg). Control mice also received saline, CQ or MK801 + CQ therapy. After 10 days of cessation of CQ treatment, magnetic resonance images (MRI), behavioral and immunological assays were performed. Indeed, MK801 combined with CQ prevented long-term memory impairment and depressive-like behavior following successful PbA infection resolution. In addition, MK801 also modulated the immune system by promoting a balance of TH1/TH2 response and upregulating neurotrophic factors levels in the frontal cortex and hippocampus. Moreover, hippocampus abnormalities observed by MRI were partially prevented by MK801 treatment. Our results indicate that NMDA receptor antagonists can be neuroprotective in CM and could be a valuable adjuvant strategy for the management of the long-term impairment observed in CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Silva de Miranda
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences: Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. .,Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. .,Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. .,Departamento de Morfologia, ICB, UFMG, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil.
| | - Fátima Brant
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences: Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Luciene Bruno Vieira
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Natália Pessoa Rocha
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Érica Leandro Marciano Vieira
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Henrique Souza Rezende
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Marcio F D Moraes
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Fabíola Mara Ribeiro
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences: Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Simão Machado
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences: Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Milene Alvarenga Rachid
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Antônio Lúcio Teixeira
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences: Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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24
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Klein PJ, Chomet M, Metaxas A, Christiaans JAM, Kooijman E, Schuit RC, Lammertsma AA, van Berckel BNM, Windhorst AD. Synthesis, radiolabeling and evaluation of novel amine guanidine derivatives as potential positron emission tomography tracers for the ion channel of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 118:143-60. [PMID: 27128179 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The N-Methyl-d-Aspartate receptor (NMDAR) is involved in many neurological and psychiatric disorders including Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to develop a positron emission tomography (PET) ligand to assess the bio-availability of the NMDAR ion channel in vivo. A series of tri-N-substituted diarylguanidines was synthesized and their in vitro binding affinities for the NMDAR ion channel assessed in rat forebrain membrane fractions. Compounds 21, 23 and 26 were radiolabeled with either carbon-11 or fluorine-18 and ex vivo biodistribution and metabolite studies were performed in Wistar rats. Biodistribution studies showed high uptake especially in prefrontal cortex and lowest uptake in cerebellum. Pre-treatment with MK-801, however, did not decrease uptake of the radiolabeled ligands. In addition, all three ligands showed fast metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter J Klein
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Marion Chomet
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Athanasios Metaxas
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes A M Christiaans
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Esther Kooijman
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert C Schuit
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan A Lammertsma
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bart N M van Berckel
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert D Windhorst
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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25
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Role of GABA(B) receptors in learning and memory and neurological disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2016; 63:1-28. [PMID: 26814961 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Although it is evident from the literature that altered GABAB receptor function does affect behavior, these results often do not correspond well. These differences could be due to the task protocol, animal strain, ligand concentration, or timing of administration utilized. Because several clinical populations exhibit learning and memory deficits in addition to altered markers of GABA and the GABAB receptor, it is important to determine whether altered GABAB receptor function is capable of contributing to the deficits. The aim of this review is to examine the effect of altered GABAB receptor function on synaptic plasticity as demonstrated by in vitro data, as well as the effects on performance in learning and memory tasks. Finally, data regarding altered GABA and GABAB receptor markers within clinical populations will be reviewed. Together, the data agree that proper functioning of GABAB receptors is crucial for numerous learning and memory tasks and that targeting this system via pharmaceuticals may benefit several clinical populations.
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26
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de Souza DF, Wartchow KM, Lunardi PS, Brolese G, Tortorelli LS, Batassini C, Biasibetti R, Gonçalves CA. Changes in Astroglial Markers in a Maternal Immune Activation Model of Schizophrenia in Wistar Rats are Dependent on Sex. Front Cell Neurosci 2015; 9:489. [PMID: 26733814 PMCID: PMC4689875 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Data from epidemiological studies suggest that prenatal exposure to bacterial and viral infection is an important environmental risk factor for schizophrenia. The maternal immune activation (MIA) animal model is used to study how an insult directed at the maternal host can have adverse effects on the fetus, leading to behavioral and neurochemical changes later in life. We evaluated whether the administration of LPS to rat dams during late pregnancy affects astroglial markers (S100B and GFAP) of the offspring in later life. The frontal cortex and hippocampus were compared in male and female offspring on postnatal days (PND) 30 and 60. The S100B protein exhibited an age-dependent pattern of expression, being increased in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of the MIA group at PND 60, while at PND 30, male rats presented increased S100B levels only in the frontal cortex. Considering that S100B secretion is reduced by elevation of glutamate levels, we may hypothesize that this early increment in frontal cortex tissue of males is associated with elevated extracellular levels of glutamate and glutamatergic hypofunction, an alteration commonly associated with SCZ pathology. Moreover, we also found augmented GFAP in the frontal cortex of the LPS group at PND 30, but not in the hippocampus. Taken together data indicate that astroglial changes induced by MIA are dependent on sex and brain region and that these changes could reflect astroglial dysfunction. Such alterations may contribute to our understanding of the abnormal neuronal connectivity and developmental aspects of SCZ and other psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela F de Souza
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Krista M Wartchow
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Paula S Lunardi
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Giovana Brolese
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lucas S Tortorelli
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Batassini
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Regina Biasibetti
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Carlos-Alberto Gonçalves
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre, Brazil
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27
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Bergstrom HC, Darvesh AS, Berger SP. Inducible Nitric Oxide Inhibitors Block NMDA Antagonist-Stimulated Motoric Behaviors and Medial Prefrontal Cortical Glutamate Efflux. Front Pharmacol 2015; 6:292. [PMID: 26696891 PMCID: PMC4678197 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) plays a critical role in the motoric and glutamate releasing action of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-antagonist stimulants. Earlier studies utilized neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibitors (nNOS) for studying the neurobehavioral effects of non-competitive NMDA-antagonist stimulants such as dizocilpine (MK-801) and phencyclidine (PCP). This study explores the role of the inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitors (iNOS) aminoguanidine (AG) and (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in NMDA-antagonist induced motoric behavior and prefrontal cortical glutamate efflux. Adult male rats were administered a dose range of AG, EGCG, or vehicle prior to receiving NMDA antagonists MK-801, PCP, or a conventional psychostimulant (cocaine) and tested for motoric behavior in an open arena. Glutamate in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) was measured using in vivo microdialysis after a combination of AG or EGCG prior to MK-801. Acute administration of AG or EGCG dose-dependently attenuated the locomotor and ataxic properties of MK-801 and PCP. Both AG and EGCG were unable to block the motoric effects of cocaine, indicating the acute pharmacologic action of AG and EGCG is specific to NMDA antagonism and not generalizable to all stimulant class drugs. AG and EGCG normalized MK-801-stimulated mPFC glutamate efflux. These data demonstrate that AG and EGCG attenuates NMDA antagonist-stimulated motoric behavior and cortical glutamate efflux. Our results suggest that EGCG-like polyphenol nutraceuticals (contained in “green tea” and chocolate) may be clinically useful in protecting against the adverse behavioral dissociative and cortical glutamate stimulating effects of NMDA antagonists. Medications that interfere with NMDA antagonists such as MK-801 and PCP have been proposed as treatments for schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadley C Bergstrom
- Department of Psychology, Program in Neuroscience and Behavior, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie NY, USA
| | - Altaf S Darvesh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown OH, USA ; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown OH, USA
| | - S P Berger
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland OR, USA
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28
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Gao Y, Heldt SA. Lack of neuronal nitric oxide synthase results in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder-like behaviors in mice. Behav Neurosci 2015; 129:50-61. [PMID: 25621792 DOI: 10.1037/bne0000031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is an important molecule for the proper development and function of the central nervous system. In this study, we investigated the behavioral alterations in the neuronal NO synthase knockout mice (NOS1 KO) with a deficient NO production mechanism in the brain, characterizing it as a potential rodent model for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). NOS1 KO exhibited higher locomotor activity than their wildtype counterparts in a novel environment, as measured by open field (OF) test. In a 2-way active avoidance paradigm (TWAA), we found sex-dependent effects, where male KO displayed deficits in avoidance and escape behavior, sustained higher incidences of shuttle crossings, and higher incidences of intertrial interval crossings, suggesting learning, and/or performance impairments. On the other hand, female KO demonstrated few deficits in TWAA. Molsidomine (MSD), a NO donor, rescued TWAA deficits in male KO when acutely administered before training. In a passive avoidance paradigm, KO of both sexes displayed significantly shorter step-through latencies after training. Further, abnormal spontaneous motor activity rhythms were found in the KO during the dark phase of the day, indicating dysregulation of rhythmic activities. These data indicate that NOS1 KO mimics certain ADHD-like behaviors and could potentially serve as a novel rodent model for ADHD.
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29
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Rossignol E, Kobow K, Simonato M, Loeb JA, Grisar T, Gilby KL, Vinet J, Kadam SD, Becker AJ. WONOEP appraisal: new genetic approaches to study epilepsy. Epilepsia 2014; 55:1170-86. [PMID: 24965021 PMCID: PMC4126888 DOI: 10.1111/epi.12692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
New genetic investigation techniques, including next-generation sequencing, epigenetic profiling, cell lineage mapping, targeted genetic manipulation of specific neuronal cell types, stem cell reprogramming, and optogenetic manipulations within epileptic networks are progressively unraveling the mysteries of epileptogenesis and ictogenesis. These techniques have opened new avenues to discover the molecular basis of epileptogenesis and to study the physiologic effects of mutations in epilepsy-associated genes on a multilayer level, from cells to circuits. This manuscript reviews recently published applications of these new genetic technologies in the study of epilepsy, as well as work presented by the authors at the genetic session of the XII Workshop on the Neurobiology of Epilepsy (WONOEP 2013) in Quebec, Canada. Next-generation sequencing is providing investigators with an unbiased means to assess the molecular causes of sporadic forms of epilepsy and has revealed the complexity and genetic heterogeneity of sporadic epilepsy disorders. To assess the functional impact of mutations in these newly identified genes on specific neuronal cell types during brain development, new modeling strategies in animals, including conditional genetics in mice and in utero knock-down approaches, are enabling functional validation with exquisite cell-type and temporal specificity. In addition, optogenetics, using cell-type-specific Cre recombinase driver lines, is enabling investigators to dissect networks involved in epilepsy. In addition, genetically encoded cell-type labeling is providing new means to assess the role of the nonneuronal components of epileptic networks such as glial cells. Furthermore, beyond its role in revealing coding variants involved in epileptogenesis, next-generation sequencing can be used to assess the epigenetic modifications that lead to sustained network hyperexcitability in epilepsy, including methylation changes in gene promoters and noncoding ribonucleic acid (RNA) involved in modifying gene expression following seizures. In addition, genetically based bioluminescent reporters are providing new opportunities to assess neuronal activity and neurotransmitter levels both in vitro and in vivo in the context of epilepsy. Finally, genetically rederived neurons generated from patient induced pluripotent stem cells and genetically modified zebrafish have become high-throughput means to investigate disease mechanisms and potential new therapies. Genetics has changed the field of epilepsy research considerably, and is paving the way for better diagnosis and therapies for patients with epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Rossignol
- Pediatric & Neuroscience Dept. & Brain Disease Research Group, CHU Ste-Justine, Montreal, Canada
| | - Katja Kobow
- Dept. of Neuropathology, Univ. Hospital Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michele Simonato
- Dept. of Medical Sciences (Pharmacology), Univ. of Ferrara, Italy
| | - Jeffrey A. Loeb
- Dept. of Neurology & Rehabilitation, Univ. of Illinois, Chicago, USA
| | | | - Krista L. Gilby
- Dept. of Medicine, Royal Hospital, The Melbourne Brain Centre, Univ. of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jonathan Vinet
- Dept. of Neural, Biomedical, Metabolic & Neural Sciences, Univ. of Modena, Italy
| | - Shilpa D. Kadam
- Depts. of Neuroscience and Neurology, Kennedy Krieger & Johns Hopkins Univ. School of Medicine of Baltimore, USA
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30
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Johnston MV, Ammanuel S, O'Driscoll C, Wozniak A, Naidu S, Kadam SD. Twenty-four hour quantitative-EEG and in-vivo glutamate biosensor detects activity and circadian rhythm dependent biomarkers of pathogenesis in Mecp2 null mice. Front Syst Neurosci 2014; 8:118. [PMID: 25018705 PMCID: PMC4072927 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2014.00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the X-linked gene encoding methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (Mecp2) cause most cases of Rett syndrome (RTT). Currently there is no cure for RTT. Abnormal EEGs are found in 100% of RTT cases and are associated with severe sleep dysfunction, the cause of which is not well understood. Mice deficient in MeCP2 protein have been studied and characterized for their neuropathological and behavioral deficits to better understand RTT. With the goal to study the non-ictal EEG correlates in symptomatic Mecp2 KO mice (Mecp2(tm1.1Bird/y)), and determine novel EEG biomarkers of their reported progressive neurodegeneration, we used 24 h video-EEG/EMG with synchronous in-vivo cortical glutamate biosensor in the frontal cortex. We scored the EEG for activity states and spectral analysis was performed to evaluate correlations to the synchronous extracellular glutamate fluctuations underlying Mecp2 inactivation as compared to WT. Significant alterations in sleep structure due to dark cycle-specific long wake states and poor quality of slow-wave sleep were associated with a significant increase in glutamate loads per activity cycle. The dynamics of the activity-state-dependent physiological rise and fall of glutamate indicative of glutamate homeostasis were significantly altered in the KO mice. Colorimetric quantitation of absolute glutamate levels in frontal cortex also indicated the presence of significantly higher levels in KO. This study for the first time found evidence of uncompensated sleep deprivation-like EEG biomarkers that were associated with glutamate homeostatic dysfunction in the Mecp2 KO mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael V Johnston
- Neuroscience Laboratory, Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, Hugo Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Simon Ammanuel
- Neuroscience Laboratory, Hugo Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Cliona O'Driscoll
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Hugo Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Amy Wozniak
- Biostatistics Center, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sakkubai Naidu
- Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, Hugo Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shilpa D Kadam
- Neuroscience Laboratory, Departments of Neurology, Hugo Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD, USA
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Frau R, Bini V, Pillolla G, Malherbe P, Pardu A, Thomas AW, Devoto P, Bortolato M. Positive allosteric modulation of GABAB receptors ameliorates sensorimotor gating in rodent models. CNS Neurosci Ther 2014; 20:679-84. [PMID: 24703381 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Converging evidence points to the involvement of γ-amino-butyric acid B receptors (GABABRs) in the regulation of information processing. We previously showed that GABABR agonists exhibit antipsychotic-like properties in rodent models of sensorimotor gating deficits, as measured by the prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle reflex. The therapeutic potential of these agents, however, is limited by their neuromuscular side effects; thus, in this study, we analyzed whether rac-BHFF, a potent GABABR-positive allosteric modulator (PAM), could counter spontaneous and pharmacologically induced PPI deficits across various rodent models. METHODS We tested the antipsychotic effects of rac-BHFF on the PPI deficits caused by the N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor antagonist dizocilpine, in Sprague-Dawley rats and C57BL/6 mice. Furthermore, we verified whether rac-BHFF ameliorated the spontaneous PPI impairments in DBA/2J mice. RESULTS rac-BHFF dose-dependently countered the PPI deficits across all three models, in a fashion akin to the GABABR agonist baclofen and the atypical antipsychotic clozapine; in contrast with these compounds, however, rac-BHFF did not affect startle magnitude. CONCLUSIONS The present data further support the implication of GABABRs in the modulation of sensorimotor gating and point to their PAMs as a novel promising tool for antipsychotic treatment, with fewer side effects than GABABR agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Frau
- "Guy Everett" Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy; Tourette Syndrome Center, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Vulvodynia and proctodynia treated with topical baclofen 5 % and palmitoylethanolamide. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2014; 290:389-93. [PMID: 24691823 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-014-3218-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of idiopathic vulvodynia and proctodynia is high. Pain management with anti-depressants and anti-epileptics may induce undesirable side effects. Therefore, topical baclofen cream and palmitoylethanolamide might be new therapeutic options. CASE A 33-year-old woman with intractable chronic vulvar and anal pain had to abstain from sexual intercourse and could neither cycle nor sit for more than 5 min. The patient did not respond to standard treatments. We prescribed a combination of topical baclofen 5 % and palmitoylethanolamide 400 mg, three times daily. After 3 months her symptoms decreased more than 50 % and sexual intercourse was possible again without pain. CONCLUSION Topical baclofen and palmitoylethanolamide can be a viable treatment option in chronic vulvodynia and proctodynia.
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Brisch R, Saniotis A, Wolf R, Bielau H, Bernstein HG, Steiner J, Bogerts B, Braun K, Jankowski Z, Kumaratilake J, Henneberg M, Gos T, Henneberg M, Gos T. The role of dopamine in schizophrenia from a neurobiological and evolutionary perspective: old fashioned, but still in vogue. Front Psychiatry 2014; 5:47. [PMID: 24904434 PMCID: PMC4032934 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2014.00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter involved in the pathology of schizophrenia. The revised dopamine hypothesis states that dopamine abnormalities in the mesolimbic and prefrontal brain regions exist in schizophrenia. However, recent research has indicated that glutamate, GABA, acetylcholine, and serotonin alterations are also involved in the pathology of schizophrenia. This review provides an in-depth analysis of dopamine in animal models of schizophrenia and also focuses on dopamine and cognition. Furthermore, this review provides not only an overview of dopamine receptors and the antipsychotic effects of treatments targeting them but also an outline of dopamine and its interaction with other neurochemical models of schizophrenia. The roles of dopamine in the evolution of the human brain and human mental abilities, which are affected in schizophrenia patients, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Brisch
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk , Gdańsk , Poland
| | - Arthur Saniotis
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide , Adelaide, SA , Australia ; Centre for Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Rainer Wolf
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ruhr University Bochum , Bochum , Germany
| | - Hendrik Bielau
- Department of Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke-University of Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Hans-Gert Bernstein
- Department of Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke-University of Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Johann Steiner
- Department of Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke-University of Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Bernhard Bogerts
- Department of Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke-University of Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Katharina Braun
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University of Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Zbigniew Jankowski
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk , Gdańsk , Poland
| | - Jaliya Kumaratilake
- Biological Anthropology and Comparative Anatomy Research Unit, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Adelaide , Adelaide, SA , Australia
| | - Maciej Henneberg
- Biological Anthropology and Comparative Anatomy Research Unit, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Adelaide , Adelaide, SA , Australia
| | - Tomasz Gos
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk , Gdańsk , Poland
| | - Maciej Henneberg
- Biological Anthropology and Comparative Anatomy Research Unit, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Adelaide , Adelaide, SA , Australia
| | - Tomasz Gos
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk , Gdańsk , Poland
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Blot K, Kimura SI, Bai J, Kemp A, Manahan-Vaughan D, Giros B, Tzavara E, Otani S. Modulation of Hippocampus-Prefrontal Cortex Synaptic Transmission and Disruption of Executive Cognitive Functions by MK-801. Cereb Cortex 2013; 25:1348-61. [DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bht329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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Co-application of the GABAB receptor agonist, baclofen, and the mGlu receptor agonist, L-CCG-I, facilitates [3H]GABA release from rat cortical nerve endings. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2013; 120:1641-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-013-1057-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Blot K, Bai J, Otani S. The effect of non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 on neuronal activity in rodent prefrontal cortex: an animal model for cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 107:448-51. [PMID: 23603055 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphysparis.2013.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Revised: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia affects about 1% of the world population and is a major socio-economical problem in ours societies. Cognitive symptoms are particularly resistant to current treatments and are believed to be closely related to an altered function of prefrontal cortex (PFC). Particularly, abnormalities in the plasticity processes in the PFC are a candidate mechanism underlying cognitive symptoms, and the recent evidences in patients are in line with this hypothesis. Animal pharmacological models of cognitive symptoms, notably with non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonists such as MK-801, are commonly used to investigate the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of schizophrenia. However, it is still unknown whether in these animal models, impairments in plasticity of PFC neurons are present. In this article, we briefly summarize the current knowledge on the effect of non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 on medial PFC (mPFC) neuronal activity and then introduce a form of plasticity found after acute exposure to MK-801, which was accompanied by cognitive deficits. These observations suggest a potential correlation between cognitive deficits and the aberrant plasticity in the mPFC in the animal model of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Blot
- INSERM U952/CNRS UMR 7224, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 9 quai Saint Bernard, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France.
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Oh HK, Park SJ, Bae SG, Kim MJ, Jang JH, Ahn YJ, Woo H, Kwon G, Ryu JH. Kami-ondam-tang, a traditional herbal prescription, attenuates the prepulse inhibition deficits and cognitive impairments induced by MK-801 in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 146:600-607. [PMID: 23376282 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Revised: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Kami-ondam-tang (KODT) has been used to treat neuropsychiatric disorders, including neurosis and insomnia, in traditional herbal medicine. However, the mechanisms of this drug have not been well characterized in the treatment of schizophrenia-like behaviors. AIM OF THE STUDY We investigated whether schizophrenia-like behaviors induced by MK-801, a non-competitive N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, could be attenuated by KODT. MATERIALS AND METHODS Acute systemic administration of MK-801 was used to establish an animal model of schizophrenia. The effects of KODT on the MK-801-induced prepulse inhibition (PPI) deficits, hyperlocomotion, social withdrawal, and cognitive impairment were assessed. We also examined the changes in the expression levels of Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) after the administration of KODT with MK-801 in the cortical and hippocampal tissues. RESULTS The acoustic startle response test showed that the acoustic startle enhancement and PPI deficits induced by MK-801 were attenuated by KODT. Moreover, KODT ameliorated social and objective recognition impairments that were induced by MK-801 in the social novelty preference test and the novel object recognition test. In addition, the upregulation of phosphorylated Akt or phosphorylated ERK expression induced by MK-801 was blocked by KODT in the cortex. However, MK-801-induced hyperlocomotion was not affected by KODT in the open field test. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that KODT attenuates MK-801-induced PPI disruption, social interaction deficits, and cognitive impairments, possibly, by regulating of cortical Akt and ERK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Kyong Oh
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
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Gao SF, Qi XR, Zhao J, Balesar R, Bao AM, Swaab DF. Decreased NOS1 expression in the anterior cingulate cortex in depression. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 23:2956-64. [PMID: 22989585 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhs285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Decreased function of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is crucially involved in the pathogenesis of depression. A key role of nitric oxide (NO) has also been proposed. We aimed to determine the NO content in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the expression of NO synthase (NOS) isoforms, that is, NOS1, NOS2, and NOS3 in the ACC in depression. In depressive patients, CSF-NOx levels (the levels of the NO metabolites nitrite and nitrate) were significantly decreased (P = 0.007), indicating a more general decrease of NO production in this disorder. This agreed with a trend toward lower NOS1-mRNA levels (P = 0.083) and a significant decrease of NOS1-immunoreactivity (ir) (P = 0.043) in ACC. In controls, there was a significant positive correlation between ACC-NOS1-ir cell densities and their CSF-NOx levels. Furthermore, both localization of NOS1 in pyramidal neurons that are known to be glutamatergic and co-localization between NOS1 and GABAergic neurons were observed in human ACC. The diminished ACC-NOS1 expression and decreased CSF-NOx levels may be involved in the alterations of ACC activity in depression, possibly by affecting glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Feng Gao
- Department of Neurobiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Ministry of Health of China, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China and
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