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Ramirez-Mahaluf JP, Tepper Á, Alliende LM, Mena C, Castañeda CP, Iruretagoyena B, Nachar R, Reyes-Madrigal F, León-Ortiz P, Mora-Durán R, Ossandon T, Gonzalez-Valderrama A, Undurraga J, de la Fuente-Sandoval C, Crossley NA. Dysconnectivity in Schizophrenia Revisited: Abnormal Temporal Organization of Dynamic Functional Connectivity in Patients With a First Episode of Psychosis. Schizophr Bull 2023; 49:706-716. [PMID: 36472382 PMCID: PMC10154721 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbac187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS Abnormal functional connectivity between brain regions is a consistent finding in schizophrenia, including functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies. Recent studies have highlighted that connectivity changes in time in healthy subjects. We here examined the temporal changes in functional connectivity in patients with a first episode of psychosis (FEP). Specifically, we analyzed the temporal order in which whole-brain organization states were visited. STUDY DESIGN Two case-control studies, including in each sample a subgroup scanned a second time after treatment. Chilean sample included 79 patients with a FEP and 83 healthy controls. Mexican sample included 21 antipsychotic-naïve FEP patients and 15 healthy controls. Characteristics of the temporal trajectories between whole-brain functional connectivity meta-states were examined via resting-state functional MRI using elements of network science. We compared the cohorts of cases and controls and explored their differences as well as potential associations with symptoms, cognition, and antipsychotic medication doses. STUDY RESULTS We found that the temporal sequence in which patients' brain dynamics visited the different states was more redundant and segregated. Patients were less flexible than controls in changing their network in time from different configurations, and explored the whole landscape of possible states in a less efficient way. These changes were related to the dose of antipsychotics the patients were receiving. We replicated the relationship with antipsychotic medication in the antipsychotic-naïve FEP sample scanned before and after treatment. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that psychosis is related to a temporal disorganization of the brain's dynamic functional connectivity, and this is associated with antipsychotic medication use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan P Ramirez-Mahaluf
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ángeles Tepper
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luz Maria Alliende
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos Mena
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK
| | - Carmen Paz Castañeda
- Early Intervention Program, Instituto Psiquiátrico Dr. J Horwitz Barak, Santiago, Chile
| | - Barbara Iruretagoyena
- Early Intervention Program, Instituto Psiquiátrico Dr. J Horwitz Barak, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ruben Nachar
- Early Intervention Program, Instituto Psiquiátrico Dr. J Horwitz Barak, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Reyes-Madrigal
- Laboratory of Experimental Psychiatry, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Pablo León-Ortiz
- Laboratory of Experimental Psychiatry, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Mora-Durán
- Emergency Department, Hospital Fray Bernardino Álvarez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Tomas Ossandon
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Integrative Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alfonso Gonzalez-Valderrama
- Early Intervention Program, Instituto Psiquiátrico Dr. J Horwitz Barak, Santiago, Chile
- School of Medicine, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Undurraga
- Early Intervention Program, Instituto Psiquiátrico Dr. J Horwitz Barak, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Camilo de la Fuente-Sandoval
- Laboratory of Experimental Psychiatry, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico
- Neuropsychiatry Department, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nicolas A Crossley
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Imaging Center, Pontificia Universidad Católica de, Santiago, Chile
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
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2
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Wu Y, Lei Y, Chen P, Hu G, Lin B, Zhang C, Wu X, Wang L. Dissociable brainstem functional connectivity changes correlate with objective and subjective vigilance decline after total sleep deprivation in healthy male subjects. J Neurosci Res 2023; 101:1044-1057. [PMID: 36827444 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
The maintenance of vigilance relies on the activation of the cerebral cortex by the arousal system centered on the brainstem. Previous studies have suggested that both objective and subjective vigilance are susceptible to sleep deprivation. This study aims to explore the alterations in brainstem arousal system functional connectivity (FC) and its involvement in these two types of vigilance decline following total sleep deprivation (TSD). Thirty-seven healthy male subjects underwent two counterbalanced resting-state fMRI scans, once in rested wakefulness (RW) and once after 36 h of TSD. The pontine tegmental area and caudal midbrain (PTA-cMidbrain), the core regions of the brainstem arousal system, were chosen as the seeds for FC analysis. The difference in PTA-cMidbrain FC between RW and TSD conditions was then investigated, as well as its associations with objective vigilance measured by psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) and subjective vigilance measured by Stanford Sleepiness Scale. The sleep-deprived subjects showed increased PTA-cMidbrain FC with the thalamus and cerebellum and decreased PTA-cMidbrain FC with the occipital, parietal, and sensorimotor regions. TSD-induced increases in PVT reaction time were negatively correlated with altered PTA-cMidbrain FC in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, extrastriate visual cortex, and precuneus. TSD-induced increases in subjective sleepiness were positively correlated with altered PTA-cMidbrain FC in default mode regions including the medial prefrontal cortex and precuneus. Our results suggest that different brainstem FC patterns underlie the objective and subjective vigilance declines induced by TSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Wu
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Lei
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pinhong Chen
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Hu
- Department of Radiology, Seventh Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bei Lin
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chaoyue Zhang
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinhuai Wu
- Department of Radiology, Seventh Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lubin Wang
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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3
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Hall SA, Bell RP, Gadde S, Towe SL, Nadeem MT, McCann PS, Song AW, Meade CS. Strengthened and posterior-shifted structural rich-club organization in people who use cocaine. Drug Alcohol Depend 2022; 235:109436. [PMID: 35413558 PMCID: PMC9948276 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with cocaine use disorder (CUD) often have abnormal cognitive function and brain structure. Cognition is supported by brain networks that typically have characteristics like rich-club organization, which is a group of regions that are highly connected across the brain and to each other, and small worldness, which is a balance between local and long-distance connections. However, it is unknown whether there are abnormalities in structural brain network connectivity of CUD. METHODS Using diffusion-weighted imaging, we measured structural connectivity in 37 people with CUD and 38 age-matched controls. We identified differences in rich-club organization and whether such differences related to small worldness and behavior. We also tested whether rich-club reorganization was associated with caudate and putamen structural connectivity due to the relevance of the dopamine system to cocaine use. RESULTS People with CUD had a higher normalized rich-club coefficient than controls, more edges connecting rich-club nodes to each other and to non-rich-club nodes, and fewer edges connecting non-rich-club nodes. Rich-club nodes were shifted posterior and lateral. Rich-club reorganization was related to lower clustered connectivity around individual nodes found in CUD, to increased impulsivity, and to a decrease in caudate connectivity. CONCLUSIONS These findings are consistent with previous work showing increased rich-club connectivity in conditions associated with a hypofunctional dopamine system. The posterior shift in rich-club nodes in CUD suggests that the structural connectivity of posterior regions may be more impacted than previously recognized in models based on brain function and morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shana A. Hall
- Duke University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences. Campus Box 102848, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Ryan P. Bell
- Duke University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences. Campus Box 102848, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Syam Gadde
- Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University Medical Center. Campus Box 3918, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Sheri L. Towe
- Duke University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences. Campus Box 102848, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Muhammad Tauseef Nadeem
- Duke University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences. Campus Box 102848, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Peter S. McCann
- Duke University Hospital. 2301 Erwin Rd, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Allen W. Song
- Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University Medical Center. Campus Box 3918, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Christina S. Meade
- Duke University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences. Campus Box 102848, Durham, NC 27710, USA.,Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University Medical Center. Campus Box 3918, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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4
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Caravaggio F, Barnett AJ, Nakajima S, Iwata Y, Kim J, Borlido C, Mar W, Gerretsen P, Remington G, Graff-Guerrero A. The effects of acute dopamine depletion on resting-state functional connectivity in healthy humans. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2022; 57:39-49. [PMID: 35091322 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-methyl-para-tyrosine (AMPT), a competitive inhibitor of tyrosine hydroxylase, can be used to deplete endogenous dopamine in humans. We examined how AMPT-induced dopamine depletion alters resting-state functional connectivity of the basal ganglia, and canonical resting-state networks, in healthy humans. Fourteen healthy participants (8 females; age [mean ± SD] = 27.93 ± 9.86) completed the study. Following dopamine depletion, the caudate showed reduced connectivity with the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) (Cohen's d = 1.89, p<.0001). Moreover, the caudate, putamen, globus pallidus, and midbrain all showed reduced connectivity with the occipital cortex (Cohen's d = 1.48-1.90; p<.0001-0.001). Notably, the dorsal caudate showed increased connectivity with the sensorimotor network (Cohen's d = 2.03, p=.002). AMPT significantly decreased self-reported motivation (t(13)=4.19, p=.001) and increased fatigue (t(13)=4.79, p=.0004). A greater increase in fatigue was associated with a greater reduction in connectivity between the substantia nigra and the mPFC (Cohen's d = 3.02, p<.00001), while decreased motivation was correlated with decreased connectivity between the VTA and left sensorimotor cortex (Cohen's d = 2.03, p=.00004). These findings help us to better understand the role of dopamine in basal ganglia function and may help us better understand neuropsychiatric diseases where abnormal dopamine levels are observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Caravaggio
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada.
| | - Alexander J Barnett
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, 1515 Newton Ct, Davis, California 95618, United States of America
| | - Shinichiro Nakajima
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University, 2 Chome-15-45 Mita, Tokyo 108-8345, Japan
| | - Yusuke Iwata
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Yamanashi, 4 Chome-4-37 Takeda, Kofu 400-8510, Japan
| | - Julia Kim
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Carol Borlido
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Wanna Mar
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Philip Gerretsen
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Gary Remington
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Ariel Graff-Guerrero
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
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5
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In vivo evidence of functional disconnection between brainstem monoaminergic nuclei and brain networks in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2021; 56:103224. [PMID: 34461571 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.103224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND brainstem monoaminergic (dopaminergic, noradrenergic, and serotoninergic) nuclei (BrMn) contain a variety of ascending neurons that diffusely project to the whole brain, crucially regulating normal brain function. BrMn are directly affected in multiple sclerosis (MS) by inflammation and neurodegeneration. Moreover, inflammation reduces the synthesis of monoamines. Aberrant monoaminergic neurotransmission contributes to the pathogenesis of MS and explains some clinical features of MS. We used resting-state functional MRI (RS-fMRI) to characterize abnormal patterns of BrMn functional connectivity (FC) in MS. METHODS BrMn FC was studied with multi-echo RS-fMRI in n = 68 relapsing-remitting MS patients and n = 39 healthy controls (HC), by performing a seed-based analysis, after producing standard space seed masks of the BrMn. FC was assessed between ventral tegmental area (VTA), locus coeruleus (LC), median raphe (MR), dorsal raphe (DR), and the rest of the brain and compared between MS patients and HC. Between-group comparisons were carried out only within the main effect observed in HC, setting p<0.05 family-wise-error corrected (FWE). RESULTS in HC, VTA displayed FC with the core regions of the default-mode network. As compared to HC, MS patients showed altered FC between VTA and posterior cingulate cortex (p<0.05FWE). LC displayed FC with core regions of the executive-control network with a reduced functional connection between LC and right prefrontal cortex in MS patients (p<0.05FWE). Raphe nuclei was functionally connected with cerebellar cortex, with a significantly lower FC between these nuclei and cerebellum in MS patients, as compared to HC (p<0.05FWE). CONCLUSIONS our study demonstrated in MS patients a functional disconnection between BrMn and cortical/subcortical efferent targets of central brain networks, possibly due to a loss or a dysregulation of BrMn neurons. This adds new information about how monoaminergic systems contribute to MS pathogenesis and suggests new potential therapeutic targets.
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6
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Elton A, Faulkner ML, Robinson DL, Boettiger CA. Acute depletion of dopamine precursors in the human brain: effects on functional connectivity and alcohol attentional bias. Neuropsychopharmacology 2021; 46:1421-1431. [PMID: 33727642 PMCID: PMC8209208 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-021-00993-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Individuals who abuse alcohol often show exaggerated attentional bias (AB) towards alcohol-related cues, which is thought to reflect reward conditioning processes. Rodent studies indicate that dopaminergic pathways play a key role in conditioned responses to reward- and alcohol-associated cues. However, investigation of the dopaminergic circuitry mediating this process in humans remains limited. We hypothesized that depletion of central dopamine levels in adult alcohol drinkers would attenuate AB and that these effects would be mediated by altered function in frontolimbic circuitry. Thirty-four male participants (22-38 years, including both social and heavy drinkers) underwent a two-session, placebo-controlled, double-blind dopamine precursor depletion procedure. At each visit, participants consumed either a balanced amino acid (control) beverage or an amino acid beverage lacking dopamine precursors (order counterbalanced), underwent resting-state fMRI, and completed behavioral testing on three AB tasks: an alcohol dot-probe task, an alcohol attentional blink task, and a task measuring AB to a reward-conditioned cue. Dopamine depletion significantly diminished AB in each behavioral task, with larger effects among subjects reporting higher levels of binge drinking. The depletion procedure significantly decreased resting-state functional connectivity among ventral tegmental area, striatum, amygdala, and prefrontal regions. Beverage-related AB decreases were mediated by decreases in functional connectivity between the fronto-insular cortex and striatum and, for alcohol AB only, between anterior cingulate cortex and amygdala. The results support a substantial role for dopamine in AB, and suggest specific dopamine-modulated functional connections between frontal, limbic, striatal, and brainstem regions mediate general reward AB versus alcohol AB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Elton
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Monica L Faulkner
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Donita L Robinson
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Charlotte A Boettiger
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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7
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Garzón B, Lövdén M, de Boer L, Axelsson J, Riklund K, Bäckman L, Nyberg L, Guitart-Masip M. Role of dopamine and gray matter density in aging effects and individual differences of functional connectomes. Brain Struct Funct 2021; 226:743-758. [PMID: 33423111 PMCID: PMC7981334 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-020-02205-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
With increasing age, functional connectomes become dissimilar across normal individuals, reflecting heterogenous aging effects on functional connectivity (FC). We investigated the distribution of these effects across the connectome and their relationship with age-related differences in dopamine (DA) D1 receptor availability and gray matter density (GMD). With this aim, we determined aging effects on mean and interindividual variance of FC using fMRI in 30 younger and 30 older healthy subjects and mapped the contribution of each connection to the patterns of age-related similarity loss. Aging effects on mean FC accounted mainly for the dissimilarity between connectomes of younger and older adults, and were related, across brain regions, to aging effects on DA D1 receptor availability. Aging effects on the variance of FC indicated a global increase in variance with advancing age, explained connectome dissimilarity among older subjects and were related to aging effects on variance of GMD. The relationship between aging and the similarity of connectomes can thus be partly explained by age differences in DA modulation and gray matter structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamín Garzón
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Aging Research Center, Tomtebodavägen 18A, 171 65, Solna, Sweden.
| | - Martin Lövdén
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lieke de Boer
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Axelsson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Katrine Riklund
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lars Bäckman
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Nyberg
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Marc Guitart-Masip
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, London, UK
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8
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Zink N, Mückschel M, Beste C. Resting-state EEG Dynamics Reveals Differences in Network Organization and its Fluctuation between Frequency Bands. Neuroscience 2020; 453:43-56. [PMID: 33276088 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Functional connectivity in EEG resting-state is not stable but fluctuates considerably. The aim of this study was to investigate how efficient information flows through a network, i.e. how resting-state EEG networks are organized and whether this organization it also subject to fluctuations. Differences of the network organization (small-worldness), degree of clustered connectivity, and path length as an indicator of how information is integrated into the network across time was compared between theta, alpha and beta bands. We show robust differences in network organization (small-worldness) between frequency bands. Fluctuations in network organization were larger in the theta, compared to the alpha and beta frequency. Variation in network organization and not the frequency of fluctuations differs between frequency bands. Furthermore, the degree of clustered connectivity and its modulation across time is the same across frequency bands, but the path length revealed the same modulatory pattern as the small-world metric. It is therefore the interplay of local processing efficiency and global information processing efficiency in the brain that fluctuates in a frequency-specific way. Properties of how information can be integrated is subject to fluctuations in a frequency-specific way in the resting-state. The possible relevance of these resting-state EEG properties is discussed including its clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Zink
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, United States; Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine of the TU, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Moritz Mückschel
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine of the TU, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Beste
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine of the TU, Dresden, Germany
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9
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Cruces-Solis H, Nissen W, Ferger B, Arban R. Whole-brain signatures of functional connectivity after bidirectional modulation of the dopaminergic system in mice. Neuropharmacology 2020; 178:108246. [PMID: 32771528 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
While neuropsychiatric drugs influence neural activity across multiple brain regions, the current understanding of their mechanism of action derives from studies that investigate an influence of a given drug onto a pre-selected and small number of brain regions. To understand how neuropsychiatric drugs affect coordinated activity across brain regions and to detect the brain regions most relevant to pharmacological action in an unbiased way, studies that assess brain-wide neuronal activity are paramount. Here, we used whole-brain immunostaining of the neuronal activity marker cFOS, and graph theory to generate brain-wide maps of neuronal activity upon pharmacological challenges. We generated brain-wide maps 2.5 h after treatment of the atypical dopamine transporter inhibitor modafinil (10, 30, and 100 mg/kg) or the vesicular monoamine transporter 2 inhibitor tetrabenazine (0.25, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg). Modafinil increased the number of cFOS positive neurons in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, modafinil significantly reduced functional connectivity across the entire brain. Graph theory analysis revealed that modafinil decreased the node degree of cortical and subcortical regions at the three doses tested, followed by a reduction in global efficiency. Simultaneously, we identified highly interconnected hub regions that emerge exclusively upon modafinil treatment. These regions were the mediodorsal thalamus, periaqueductal gray, subiculum, and rhomboid nucleus. On the other hand, while tetrabenazine had mild effects on cFOS counts, it reduced functional connectivity across the entire brain, cortical node degree, and global efficiency. As hub regions, we identified the substantia innominata and ventral pallidum. Our results uncovered novel mechanisms of action at a brain-wide scale for modafinil and tetrabenazine. Our analytical approach offers a tool to characterize signatures of whole-brain functional connectivity for drug candidates and to identify potential undesired effects at a mesoscopic scale. Additionally, it offers a guide towards targeted experiments on newly identified hub regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Cruces-Solis
- Central Nervous System Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach Riß, Germany.
| | - Wiebke Nissen
- Central Nervous System Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach Riß, Germany
| | - Boris Ferger
- Central Nervous System Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach Riß, Germany
| | - Roberto Arban
- Central Nervous System Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach Riß, Germany.
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10
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Shafiei G, Zeighami Y, Clark CA, Coull JT, Nagano-Saito A, Leyton M, Dagher A, Mišic B. Dopamine Signaling Modulates the Stability and Integration of Intrinsic Brain Networks. Cereb Cortex 2020; 29:397-409. [PMID: 30357316 PMCID: PMC6294404 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopaminergic projections are hypothesized to stabilize neural signaling and neural representations, but how they shape regional information processing and large-scale network interactions remains unclear. Here we investigated effects of lowered dopamine levels on within-region temporal signal variability (measured by sample entropy) and between-region functional connectivity (measured by pairwise temporal correlations) in the healthy brain at rest. The acute phenylalanine and tyrosine depletion (APTD) method was used to decrease dopamine synthesis in 51 healthy participants who underwent resting-state functional MRI (fMRI) scanning. Functional connectivity and regional signal variability were estimated for each participant. Multivariate partial least squares (PLS) analysis was used to statistically assess changes in signal variability following APTD as compared with the balanced control treatment. The analysis captured a pattern of increased regional signal variability following dopamine depletion. Changes in hemodynamic signal variability were concomitant with changes in functional connectivity, such that nodes with greatest increase in signal variability following dopamine depletion also experienced greatest decrease in functional connectivity. Our results suggest that dopamine may act to stabilize neural signaling, particularly in networks related to motor function and orienting attention towards behaviorally-relevant stimuli. Moreover, dopamine-dependent signal variability is critically associated with functional embedding of individual areas in large-scale networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golia Shafiei
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Yashar Zeighami
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Crystal A Clark
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jennifer T Coull
- Laboratoire des Neurosciences Cognitives UMR 7291, Federation 3C, Aix-Marseille University, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris, France
| | - Atsuko Nagano-Saito
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Marco Leyton
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Alain Dagher
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Bratislav Mišic
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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11
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Wu C, Zhen Z, Huang L, Huang T, Liu J. COMT-Polymorphisms Modulated Functional Profile of the Fusiform Face Area Contributes to Face-Specific Recognition Ability. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2134. [PMID: 32034175 PMCID: PMC7005682 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58747-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that face-specific recognition ability (FRA) is heritable; however, the neural basis of this heritability is unclear. Candidate gene studies have suggested that the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) rs4680 polymorphism is related to face perception. Here, using a partial least squares (PLS) method, we examined the multivariate association between 12 genotypes of 4 COMT polymorphisms (rs6269-rs4633-rs4818-rs4680) and multimodal MRI phenotypes in the human fusiform face area (FFA), which selectively responds to face stimuli, in 338 Han Chinese adults (mean age 20.45 years; 135 males). The MRI phenotypes included gray matter volume (GMV), resting-state fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF), and face-selective blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) responses (FS). We found that the first COMT-variant component (PLS1) was positively associated with the FS but negatively associated with the fALFF in the FFA. Moreover, participants with the COMT heterozygous-HEA-haplotype showed higher PLS1 FFA-MRI scores, which were positively associated with the FRA in an old/new face recognition task, than those with the COMT homozygous HEA haplotype and HEA non-carriers, suggesting that individuals with an appropriate (intermediate) level of dopamine activity in the FFA might have better FRA. In summary, our study provides empirical evidence for the genetic and neural basis for the heritability of face recognition and informs the formation of neural module functional specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wu
- School of Nursing, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zonglei Zhen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Lijie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Taicheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
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12
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Conio B, Martino M, Magioncalda P, Escelsior A, Inglese M, Amore M, Northoff G. Opposite effects of dopamine and serotonin on resting-state networks: review and implications for psychiatric disorders. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:82-93. [PMID: 30953003 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0406-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in brain intrinsic activity-as organized in resting-state networks (RSNs) such as sensorimotor network (SMN), salience network (SN), and default-mode network (DMN)-and in neurotransmitters signaling-such as dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT)-have been independently detected in psychiatric disorders like bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Thus, the aim of this work was to investigate the relationship between such neurotransmitters and RSNs in healthy, by reviewing the relevant work on this topic and performing complementary analyses, in order to better understand their physiological link, as well as their alterations in psychiatric disorders. According to the reviewed data, neurotransmitters nuclei diffusively project to subcortical and cortical regions of RSNs. In particular, the dopaminergic substantia nigra (SNc)-related nigrostriatal pathway is structurally and functionally connected with core regions of the SMN, whereas the ventral tegmental area (VTA)-related mesocorticolimbic pathway with core regions of the SN. The serotonergic raphe nuclei (RNi) connections involve regions of the SMN and DMN. Coherently, changes in neurotransmitters activity impact the functional configuration and level of activity of RSNs, as measured by functional connectivity (FC) and amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations/temporal variability of BOLD signal. Specifically, DA signaling is associated with increase in FC and activity in the SMN (hypothetically via the SNc-related nigrostriatal pathway) and SN (hypothetically via the VTA-related mesocorticolimbic pathway), as well as concurrent decrease in FC and activity in the DMN. By contrast, 5-HT signaling (via the RNi-related pathways) is associated with decrease in SMN activity along with increase in DMN activity. Complementally, our empirical data showed a positive correlation between SNc-related FC and SMN activity, whereas a negative correlation between RNi-related FC and SMN activity (along with tilting of networks balance toward the DMN). According to these data, we hypothesize that the activity of neurotransmitter-related neurons synchronize the low-frequency oscillations within different RSNs regions, thus affecting the baseline level of RSNs activity and their balancing. In our model, DA signaling favors the predominance of SMN-SN activity, whereas 5-HT signaling favors the predominance of DMN activity, manifesting in distinct behavioral patterns. In turn, alterations in neurotransmitters signaling (or its disconnection) may favor a correspondent functional reorganization of RSNs, manifesting in distinct psychopathological states. The here suggested model carries important implications for psychiatric disorders, providing novel and well testable hypotheses especially on bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Conio
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Matteo Martino
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Paola Magioncalda
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. .,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy. .,Brain and Consciousness Research Center, Taipei Medical University - Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Mind Brain and Consciousness, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Andrea Escelsior
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Matilde Inglese
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Neurology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Neurology, Radiology and Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mario Amore
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Georg Northoff
- University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, and Mind Brain Imaging and Neuroethics Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. .,Centre for Cognition and Brain Disorders, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China. .,Mental Health Centre, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
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13
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Abstract
Psychiatric disorders are disturbances of cognitive and behavioral processes mediated by the brain. Emerging evidence suggests that accurate biomarkers for psychiatric disorders might benefit from incorporating information regarding multiple brain regions and their interactions with one another, rather than considering local perturbations in brain structure and function alone. Recent advances in the field of applied mathematics generally - and network science specifically - provide a language to capture the complexity of interacting brain regions, and the application of this language to fundamental questions in neuroscience forms the emerging field of network neuroscience. This chapter provides an overview of the use and utility of network neuroscience for building biomarkers in psychiatry. The chapter begins with an overview of the theoretical frameworks and tools that encompass network neuroscience before describing applications of network neuroscience to the study of schizophrenia and major depressive disorder. With reference to work on genetic, molecular, and environmental correlates of network neuroscience features, the promises and challenges of network neuroscience for providing tools that aid in the diagnosis and the evaluation of treatment response in psychiatric disorders are discussed.
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14
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Nagano-Saito A, Bellec P, Hanganu A, Jobert S, Mejia-Constain B, Degroot C, Lafontaine AL, Lissemore JI, Smart K, Benkelfat C, Monchi O. Why Is Aging a Risk Factor for Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease?-A Resting State fMRI Study. Front Neurol 2019; 10:267. [PMID: 30967835 PMCID: PMC6438889 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Using resting-state functional MRI (rsfMRI) data of younger and older healthy volunteers and patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) with and without mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and applying two different analytic approaches, we investigated the effects of age, pathology, and cognition on brain connectivity. When comparing rsfMRI connectivity strength of PD patients and older healthy volunteers, reduction between multiple brain regions in PD patients with MCI (PD-MCI) compared with PD patients without MCI (PD-non-MCI) was observed. This group difference was not affected by the number and location of clusters but was reduced when age was included as a covariate. Next, we applied a graph-theory method with a cost-threshold approach to the rsfMRI data from patients with PD with and without MCI as well as groups of younger and older healthy volunteers. We observed decreased hub function (measured by degree and betweenness centrality) mainly in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in older healthy volunteers compared with younger healthy volunteers. We also found increased hub function in the posterior medial structure (precuneus and the cingulate cortex) in PD-non-MCI patients compared with older healthy volunteers and PD-MCI patients. Hub function in these posterior medial structures was positively correlated with cognitive function in all PD patients. Together these data suggest that overlapping patterns of hub modifications could mediate the effect of age as a risk factor for cognitive decline in PD, including age-related reduction of hub function in the mPFC, and recruitment availability of the posterior medial structure, possibly to compensate for impaired basal ganglia function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko Nagano-Saito
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Bellec
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alexandru Hanganu
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Cumming School of Medicine, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Stevan Jobert
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Béatriz Mejia-Constain
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Clotilde Degroot
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Anne-Louise Lafontaine
- Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Movement Disorders Unit, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Neurology, Montreal Neurological Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jennifer I Lissemore
- Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Kelly Smart
- Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Chawki Benkelfat
- Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Oury Monchi
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Cumming School of Medicine, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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15
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Kohno M, Morales AM, Dennis LE, McCready H, Hoffman WF, Korthuis PT. Effects of Naltrexone on Large-Scale Network Interactions in Methamphetamine Use Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:603. [PMID: 31551824 PMCID: PMC6735261 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Naltrexone attenuates craving, and the subjective effects of methamphetamine and extended-release naltrexone (XR-NTX) reduces functional connectivity between regions of the striatum and limbic cortex. Naltrexone modulates neural activity at dopaminergic synapses; however, it is unclear whether naltrexone has an effect on large-scale brain networks. Functional networks interact to coordinate behavior, and as substance-use disorders are associated with an imbalance between reward and cognitive control networks, treatment approaches that target interactive brain systems underlying addiction may be a useful adjunct for behavioral therapies. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of XR-NTX on large-scale brain networks and to determine whether changes in network relationships attenuate drug use, craving, and addiction severity. Thirty-nine participants in or seeking treatment for methamphetamine-use disorder were enrolled in a clinical trial of XR-NTX between May 2013 and March 2015 (Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01822132). Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and questionnaires were conducted before and after double-blinded randomization to a 4-week injection of XR-NTX or placebo. In the XR-NTX group, methamphetamine use was reduced along with a decrease in the coupling between executive control (ECN) and default mode (DMN) networks. As decoupling of ECN and DMN networks was associated with change in the severity of dependence, the results suggest that XR-NTX may modulate and enhance ECN attentional resources and suppress DMN self-referential and emotional processing. This study identifies the effect of naltrexone on changes in the intrinsic functional coupling of large-scale brain networks and provides a more systematic understanding of how large-scale networks interact to promote behavioral change in methamphetamine-use disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milky Kohno
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States.,Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States.,Research and Development Service, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, United States.,Methamphetamine Abuse Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University and Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Angelica M Morales
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States.,Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Laura E Dennis
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States.,Research and Development Service, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Holly McCready
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States.,Research and Development Service, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, United States
| | - William F Hoffman
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States.,Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States.,Research and Development Service, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, United States.,Methamphetamine Abuse Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University and Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, United States.,Mental Health Division, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, United States
| | - P Todd Korthuis
- Section of Addiction Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
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16
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Dopaminergic modulation of hemodynamic signal variability and the functional connectome during cognitive performance. Neuroimage 2018; 172:341-356. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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17
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Ipser JC, Uhlmann A, Taylor P, Harvey BH, Wilson D, Stein DJ. Distinct intrinsic functional brain network abnormalities in methamphetamine-dependent patients with and without a history of psychosis. Addict Biol 2018; 23:347-358. [PMID: 27917569 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Chronic methamphetamine use is associated with executive functioning deficits that suggest dysfunctional cognitive control networks (CCNs) in the brain. Likewise, abnormal connectivity between intrinsic CCNs and default mode networks (DMNs) has also been associated with poor cognitive function in clinical populations. Accordingly, we tested the extent to which methamphetamine use predicts abnormal connectivity between these networks, and whether, as predicted, these abnormalities are compounded in patients with a history of methamphetamine-associated psychosis (MAP). Resting-state fMRI data were acquired from 46 methamphetamine-dependent patients [19 with MAP, 27 without (MD)], as well as 26 healthy controls (CTRL). Multivariate network modelling and whole-brain voxel-wise connectivity analyses were conducted to identify group differences in intrinsic connectivity across four cognitive control and three DMN networks identified using an independent components analysis approach (meta-ICA). The relationship of network connectivity and psychotic symptom severity, as well as antipsychotic treatment and methamphetamine use variables, was also investigated. Robust evidence of hyper-connectivity was observed between the right frontoparietal and anterior DMN networks in MAP patients, and 'normalized' with increased duration of treatment with antipsychotics. Attenuation of anticorrelated anterior DMN-dorsal attention network activity was also restricted to this group. Elevated coupling detected in MD participants between anterior and posterior DMN networks became less apparent with increasing duration of abstinence from methamphetamine. In summary, we observed both alterations of RSN connectivity between DMN networks with chronic methamphetamine exposure, as well as DMN-CCN coupling abnormalities consistent with possible MAP-specific frontoparietal deficits in the biasing of task-appropriate network activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan C. Ipser
- Department of Psychiatry Mental Health; University of Cape Town; South Africa
| | - Anne Uhlmann
- Department of Psychiatry Mental Health; University of Cape Town; South Africa
- Anxiety and Stress Disorders Research Unit, Medical Research Council; South Africa
| | - Paul Taylor
- MRC/UCT Medical Imaging Research Unit, Department of Human Biology; University of Cape Town; South Africa
- African Institute for Mathematical Sciences; South Africa
- Scientific and Statistical Computing Core; National Institute of Mental Health; Bethesda MD USA
| | - Brian H. Harvey
- Center of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences; North-West University; South Africa
| | - Don Wilson
- Department of Psychiatry Mental Health; University of Cape Town; South Africa
| | - Dan J. Stein
- Department of Psychiatry Mental Health; University of Cape Town; South Africa
- Anxiety and Stress Disorders Research Unit, Medical Research Council; South Africa
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18
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Nagano-Saito A, Lissemore JI, Gravel P, Leyton M, Carbonell F, Benkelfat C. Posterior dopamine D2/3 receptors and brain network functional connectivity. Synapse 2017; 71. [PMID: 28700819 DOI: 10.1002/syn.21993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that dopaminergic tone influences resting state activity in multiple brain networks. Although dopamine receptors and transporters have been identified in the posteromedial and parietal cortices, which are linked to functional networks such as the default mode network (DMN), the relationship between dopamine receptor distribution in these posterior regions and resting-state connectivity has yet to be explored. Here, we used a multi-modal neuroimaging strategy, combining resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) and [18 F]-fallypride high-resolution positron emission tomography (PET), to examine the association between within-network functional connectivity and the dopamine D2/3 receptor distribution in the posterior portion of the brain in 13 healthy adults. Our results indicate that the posterior distribution of D2/3 receptors coincides primarily with the posterior portion of the DMN. Furthermore, in the posterior portion of the brain, the level of [18 F]-fallypride binding in the posteromedial cortex correlated positively with the functional connectivity strength of the DMN and sensorimotor network, and negatively with the functional connectivity strength of the dorsal attention network, the salience network, and a network that included the anterior part of the temporo-parietal junction. On the basis of these findings, we propose that posterior brain dopamine influences the configuration of the posterior DMN and several other functional brain networks. The posterior distribution of D2/3 receptors binding (hot colour spectrum) coincides with the functional connectivity of the posterior portion of the default mode network (green colour spectrum). The mean BPND in a posteromedial cortex and the mean ICA-Z score in the precuneus showed significant positive correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko Nagano-Saito
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1A1, Canada.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McConnell Brain Imaging Center, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1A1, Canada
| | | | - Paul Gravel
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McConnell Brain Imaging Center, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1A1, Canada.,PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Marco Leyton
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1A1, Canada.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McConnell Brain Imaging Center, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1A1, Canada
| | | | - Chawki Benkelfat
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1A1, Canada.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McConnell Brain Imaging Center, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1A1, Canada
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19
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Khalili-Mahani N, Rombouts SARB, van Osch MJP, Duff EP, Carbonell F, Nickerson LD, Becerra L, Dahan A, Evans AC, Soucy JP, Wise R, Zijdenbos AP, van Gerven JM. Biomarkers, designs, and interpretations of resting-state fMRI in translational pharmacological research: A review of state-of-the-Art, challenges, and opportunities for studying brain chemistry. Hum Brain Mapp 2017; 38:2276-2325. [PMID: 28145075 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A decade of research and development in resting-state functional MRI (RSfMRI) has opened new translational and clinical research frontiers. This review aims to bridge between technical and clinical researchers who seek reliable neuroimaging biomarkers for studying drug interactions with the brain. About 85 pharma-RSfMRI studies using BOLD signal (75% of all) or arterial spin labeling (ASL) were surveyed to investigate the acute effects of psychoactive drugs. Experimental designs and objectives include drug fingerprinting dose-response evaluation, biomarker validation and calibration, and translational studies. Common biomarkers in these studies include functional connectivity, graph metrics, cerebral blood flow and the amplitude and spectrum of BOLD fluctuations. Overall, RSfMRI-derived biomarkers seem to be sensitive to spatiotemporal dynamics of drug interactions with the brain. However, drugs cause both central and peripheral effects, thus exacerbate difficulties related to biological confounds, structured noise from motion and physiological confounds, as well as modeling and inference testing. Currently, these issues are not well explored, and heterogeneities in experimental design, data acquisition and preprocessing make comparative or meta-analysis of existing reports impossible. A unifying collaborative framework for data-sharing and data-mining is thus necessary for investigating the commonalities and differences in biomarker sensitivity and specificity, and establishing guidelines. Multimodal datasets including sham-placebo or active control sessions and repeated measurements of various psychometric, physiological, metabolic and neuroimaging phenotypes are essential for pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling and interpretation of the findings. We provide a list of basic minimum and advanced options that can be considered in design and analyses of future pharma-RSfMRI studies. Hum Brain Mapp 38:2276-2325, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najmeh Khalili-Mahani
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Serge A R B Rombouts
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Institute of Psychology and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Eugene P Duff
- Institute of Psychology and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Oxford Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Lisa D Nickerson
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lino Becerra
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Harvard Medical School & Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Albert Dahan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alan C Evans
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jean-Paul Soucy
- PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada.,McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Richard Wise
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Alex P Zijdenbos
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Biospective Inc, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Joop M van Gerven
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
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20
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Crossley NA, Marques TR, Taylor H, Chaddock C, Dell'Acqua F, Reinders AATS, Mondelli V, DiForti M, Simmons A, David AS, Kapur S, Pariante CM, Murray RM, Dazzan P. Connectomic correlates of response to treatment in first-episode psychosis. Brain 2016; 140:487-496. [PMID: 28007987 DOI: 10.1093/brain/aww297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Connectomic approaches using diffusion tensor imaging have contributed to our understanding of brain changes in psychosis, and could provide further insights into the neural mechanisms underlying response to antipsychotic treatment. We here studied the brain network organization in patients at their first episode of psychosis, evaluating whether connectome-based descriptions of brain networks predict response to treatment, and whether they change after treatment. Seventy-six patients with a first episode of psychosis and 74 healthy controls were included. Thirty-three patients were classified as responders after 12 weeks of antipsychotic treatment. Baseline brain structural networks were built using whole-brain diffusion tensor imaging tractography, and analysed using graph analysis and network-based statistics to explore baseline characteristics of patients who subsequently responded to treatment. A subgroup of 43 patients was rescanned at the 12-week follow-up, to study connectomic changes over time in relation to treatment response. At baseline, those subjects who subsequently responded to treatment, compared to those that did not, showed higher global efficiency in their structural connectomes, a network configuration that theoretically facilitates the flow of information. We did not find specific connectomic changes related to treatment response after 12 weeks of treatment. Our data suggest that patients who have an efficiently-wired connectome at first onset of psychosis show a better subsequent response to antipsychotics. However, response is not accompanied by specific structural changes over time detectable with this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas A Crossley
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK .,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 362, Santiago 8330077, Chile
| | - Tiago Reis Marques
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK .,MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Heather Taylor
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Chris Chaddock
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Flavio Dell'Acqua
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Antje A T S Reinders
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Valeria Mondelli
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Marta DiForti
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Andrew Simmons
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Anthony S David
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Shitij Kapur
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Carmine M Pariante
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Robin M Murray
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Paola Dazzan
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK.,National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Mental Health Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
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21
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Hu M, Zong X, Zheng J, Mann JJ, Li Z, Pantazatos SP, Li Y, Liao Y, He Y, Zhou J, Sang D, Zhao H, Tang J, Chen H, Lv L, Chen X. Risperidone-induced topological alterations of anatomical brain network in first-episode drug-naive schizophrenia patients: a longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging study. Psychol Med 2016; 46:2549-2560. [PMID: 27338296 PMCID: PMC5242555 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291716001380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It remains unclear whether the topological deficits of the white matter network documented in cross-sectional studies of chronic schizophrenia patients are due to chronic illness or to other factors such as antipsychotic treatment effects. To answer this question, we evaluated the white matter network in medication-naive first-episode schizophrenia patients (FESP) before and after a course of treatment. METHOD We performed a longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging study in 42 drug-naive FESP at baseline and then after 8 weeks of risperidone monotherapy, and compared them with 38 healthy volunteers. Graph theory was utilized to calculate the topological characteristics of brain anatomical network. Patients' clinical state was evaluated using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) before and after treatment. RESULTS Pretreatment, patients had relatively intact overall topological organizations, and deficient nodal topological properties primarily in prefrontal gyrus and limbic system components such as the bilateral anterior and posterior cingulate. Treatment with risperidone normalized topological parameters in the limbic system, and the enhancement positively correlated with the reduction in PANSS-positive symptoms. Prefrontal topological impairments persisted following treatment and negative symptoms did not improve. CONCLUSIONS During the early phase of antipsychotic medication treatment there are region-specific alterations in white matter topological measures. Limbic white matter topological dysfunction improves with positive symptom reduction. Prefrontal deficits and negative symptoms are unresponsive to medication intervention, and prefrontal deficits are potential trait biomarkers and targets for negative symptom treatment development.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Hu
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People’s Republic of China
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute and Departments of Psychiatry and Radiology, Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Drive, Box 42, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - X. Zong
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People’s Republic of China
| | - J. Zheng
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, People’s Republic of China
| | - J. J. Mann
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute and Departments of Psychiatry and Radiology, Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Drive, Box 42, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Z. Li
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People’s Republic of China
| | - S. P. Pantazatos
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute and Departments of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Y. Li
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, People’s Republic of China
| | - Y. Liao
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA Semel Institute for Neuroscience, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
| | - Y. He
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People’s Republic of China
| | - J. Zhou
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People’s Republic of China
| | - D. Sang
- Department of Radiology, Henan Mental Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453002, People’s Republic of China
| | - H. Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Henan Mental Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453002, People’s Republic of China
| | - J. Tang
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA Semel Institute for Neuroscience, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
| | - H. Chen
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, People’s Republic of China
| | - L. Lv
- Department of Psychiatry, Henan Mental Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453002, People’s Republic of China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Henan Mental Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453002, People’s Republic of China
| | - X. Chen
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People’s Republic of China
- The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People’s Republic of China
- National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People’s Republic of China
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22
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Berman BD, Smucny J, Wylie KP, Shelton E, Kronberg E, Leehey M, Tregellas JR. Levodopa modulates small-world architecture of functional brain networks in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2016; 31:1676-1684. [PMID: 27461405 DOI: 10.1002/mds.26713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND PD is associated with disrupted connectivity to a large number of distributed brain regions. How the disease alters the functional topological organization of the brain, however, remains poorly understood. Furthermore, how levodopa modulates network topology in PD is largely unknown. The objective of this study was to use resting-state functional MRI and graph theory to determine how small-world architecture is altered in PD and affected by levodopa administration. METHODS Twenty-one PD patients and 20 controls underwent functional MRI scanning. PD patients were scanned off medication and 1 hour after 200 mg levodopa. Imaging data were analyzed using 226 nodes comprising 10 intrinsic brain networks. Correlation matrices were generated for each subject and converted into cost-thresholded, binarized adjacency matrices. Cost-integrated whole-brain global and local efficiencies were compared across groups and tested for relationships with disease duration and severity. RESULTS Data from 2 patients and 4 controls were excluded because of excess motion. Patients off medication showed no significant changes in global efficiency and overall local efficiency, but in a subnetwork analysis did show increased local efficiency in executive (P = 0.006) and salience (P = 0.018) networks. Levodopa significantly decreased local efficiency (P = 0.039) in patients except within the subcortical network, in which it significantly increased local efficiency (P = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS Levodopa modulates global and local efficiency measures of small-world topology in PD, suggesting that degeneration of nigrostriatal neurons in PD may be associated with a large-scale network reorganization and that levodopa tends to normalize the disrupted network topology in PD. © 2016 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian D Berman
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Neurology Section, Denver VA Medical Center, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Jason Smucny
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Korey P Wylie
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Erika Shelton
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Eugene Kronberg
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Maureen Leehey
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jason R Tregellas
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Research Service, Denver VA Medical Center, Denver, Colorado, USA
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23
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Haaker J, Menz MM, Fadai T, Eippert F, Büchel C. Dopaminergic receptor blockade changes a functional connectivity network centred on the amygdala. Hum Brain Mapp 2016; 37:4148-4157. [PMID: 27412789 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Resting-state connectivity has become an increasingly important measure in characterizing the functional integrity of brain circuits in neuro-psychiatric conditions. One approach that has recently gained prominence in this regard-and which we use in this study-is to investigate how resting-state connectivity depends on the integrity of certain neuromodulator systems. Here, we use a pharmacological challenge in combination with functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the impact of dopaminergic receptor blockade on whole brain functional connectivity in twenty healthy human subjects. Administration of the D2-receptor antagonist haloperidol led to a profound change in functional integration in network nodes linked to the amygdala. Compared to placebo and baseline measurements, network-based statistics and pairwise connectivity analyses revealed reduced connectivity and decreased link strength between the amygdala and the bilateral posterior cingulate cortex and other cortical areas. This was complemented by less extensive but very circumscribed enhanced connectivity between the amygdala and the right putamen during D2-receptor blockade. It will be interesting to investigate whether these pharmacologically induced shifts in resting-state connectivity will similarly be evident in clinical conditions that involve a dysfunction of the dopaminergic system. Our findings might also aid in interpreting alterations in more complex states, such as those seen psychiatric conditions and their treatment. Hum Brain Mapp 37:4148-4157, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Haaker
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. .,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Mareike M Menz
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tahmine Fadai
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Falk Eippert
- FMRIB Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Büchel
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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24
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Bär KJ, de la Cruz F, Schumann A, Koehler S, Sauer H, Critchley H, Wagner G. Functional connectivity and network analysis of midbrain and brainstem nuclei. Neuroimage 2016; 134:53-63. [PMID: 27046112 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.03.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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25
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Abstract
Accumulating evidence across species and memory domains shows that when an existing memory is reactivated, it becomes susceptible to modifications. However, the potential role of reward signals in these mechanisms underlying human memory dynamics is unknown. Leaning on a wealth of findings on the role of reward in reinforcing memory, we tested the impact of reinforcing a skill memory trace with monetary reward following memory reactivation, on strengthening of the memory trace. Reinforcing reactivated memories did not strengthen the memory, but rather led to disruption of the memory trace, breaking down the link between memory reactivation and subsequent memory strength. Statistical modeling further revealed a strong mediating role for memory reactivation in linking between memory encoding and subsequent memory strength only when the memory was replayed without reinforcement. We suggest that, rather than reinforcing the existing memory trace, reward creates a competing memory trace, impairing expression of the original reward-free memory. This mechanism sheds light on the processes underlying skill acquisition, having wide translational implications.
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26
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Durham WJ, Foreman JP, Randolph KM, Danesi CP, Spratt H, Masel BD, Summons JR, Singh CK, Morrison M, Robles C, Wolfram C, Kreber LA, Urban RJ, Sheffield-Moore M, Masel BE. Hypoaminoacidemia Characterizes Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma 2016; 34:385-390. [PMID: 27178787 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2015.4350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals with a history of traumatic brain injury (TBI) are at increased risk for a number of disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. However, mediators of the long-term morbidity are uncertain. We conducted a multi-site, prospective trial in chronic TBI patients (∼18 years post-TBI) living in long-term 24-h care environments and local controls without a history of head injury. Inability to give informed consent was exclusionary for participation. A total of 41 individuals (17 moderate-severe TBI, 24 controls) were studied before and after consumption of a standardized breakfast to determine if concentrations of amino acids, cytokines, C-reactive protein, and insulin are potential mediators of long-term TBI morbidity. Analyte concentrations were measured in serum drawn before (fasting) and 1 h after meal consumption. Mean ages were 44 ± 15 and 49 ± 11 years for controls and chronic TBI patients, respectively. Chronic TBI patients had significantly lower circulating concentrations of numerous individual amino acids, as well as essential amino acids (p = 0.03) and large neutral amino acids (p = 0.003) considered as groups, and displayed fundamentally altered cytokine-amino acid relationships. Many years after injury, TBI patients exhibit abnormal metabolic responses and altered relationships between circulating amino acids, cytokines, and hormones. This pattern is consistent with TBI, inducing a chronic disease state in patients. Understanding the mechanisms causing the chronic disease state could lead to new treatments for its prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Durham
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas
| | - Jack P Foreman
- 3 Transitional Learning Center at Galveston , Galveston, Texas
| | - Kathleen M Randolph
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas
| | - Christopher P Danesi
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas
| | - Heidi Spratt
- 2 Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas
| | - Brian D Masel
- 4 University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences , Little Rock, Arkansas
| | | | | | | | | | - Cindy Wolfram
- 3 Transitional Learning Center at Galveston , Galveston, Texas
| | | | - Randall J Urban
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas
| | | | - Brent E Masel
- 3 Transitional Learning Center at Galveston , Galveston, Texas.,6 Brain Injury Association of America , Grapevine, Texas
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27
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Manza P, Zhang S, Li CR, Leung H. Resting-state functional connectivity of the striatum in early-stage Parkinson's disease: Cognitive decline and motor symptomatology. Hum Brain Mapp 2016; 37:648-62. [PMID: 26566885 PMCID: PMC4843498 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by changes to dopaminergic function in the striatum and a range of cognitive and motor deficits. Neuroimaging studies have repeatedly shown differences in activation and functional connectivity patterns of the striatum between symptomatic individuals with Parkinson's disease and healthy controls. However, the presence and severity of cognitive and motor symptoms seem to differ dramatically among individuals with Parkinson's disease at the early-stages. To investigate the neural basis of such heterogeneity, we examined the resting state functional connectivity patterns of caudate and putamen subdivisions in relation to cognitive and motor impairments among 62 early-stage individuals with Parkinson's disease (21 females, 23 drug naive, ages 39-77 years, average UPDRS motor scores off medication = 18.56, average H&Y stage = 1.66). We also explored how changes in striatal connectivity relate to changes in symptomatology over a year. There are two main findings. First, higher motor deficit rating was associated with weaker coupling between anterior putamen and midbrain including substantia nigra. Intriguingly, steeper declines in functional connectivity between these regions were associated with greater declines in motor function over the course of 1 year. Second, decline in cognitive function, particularly in the memory and visuospatial domains, was associated with stronger coupling between the dorsal caudate and the rostral anterior cingulate cortex. These findings remained significant after controlling for age, medication, gender, and education. In sum, our findings suggest that cognitive decline and motor deficit are each associated with a differentiable pattern of functional connectivity of striatal subregions. Hum Brain Mapp 37:648-662, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Manza
- Department of PsychologyIntegrative Neuroscience Program, Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNew York
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of PsychiatryYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticut
| | - Chiang‐Shan R. Li
- Department of PsychiatryYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticut
- Department of NeurobiologyYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticut
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience ProgramYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticut
| | - Hoi‐Chung Leung
- Department of PsychologyIntegrative Neuroscience Program, Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNew York
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28
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Weingarten CP, Sundman MH, Hickey P, Chen NK. Neuroimaging of Parkinson's disease: Expanding views. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2015; 59:16-52. [PMID: 26409344 PMCID: PMC4763948 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Advances in molecular and structural and functional neuroimaging are rapidly expanding the complexity of neurobiological understanding of Parkinson's disease (PD). This review article begins with an introduction to PD neurobiology as a foundation for interpreting neuroimaging findings that may further lead to more integrated and comprehensive understanding of PD. Diverse areas of PD neuroimaging are then reviewed and summarized, including positron emission tomography, single photon emission computed tomography, magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging, transcranial sonography, magnetoencephalography, and multimodal imaging, with focus on human studies published over the last five years. These included studies on differential diagnosis, co-morbidity, genetic and prodromal PD, and treatments from L-DOPA to brain stimulation approaches, transplantation and gene therapies. Overall, neuroimaging has shown that PD is a neurodegenerative disorder involving many neurotransmitters, brain regions, structural and functional connections, and neurocognitive systems. A broad neurobiological understanding of PD will be essential for translational efforts to develop better treatments and preventive strategies. Many questions remain and we conclude with some suggestions for future directions of neuroimaging of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol P Weingarten
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, United States.
| | - Mark H Sundman
- Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University Medical Center, United States
| | - Patrick Hickey
- Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, United States
| | - Nan-kuei Chen
- Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University Medical Center, United States; Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, United States
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29
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Zeighami Y, Ulla M, Iturria-Medina Y, Dadar M, Zhang Y, Larcher KMH, Fonov V, Evans AC, Collins DL, Dagher A. Network structure of brain atrophy in de novo Parkinson's disease. eLife 2015; 4:e08440. [PMID: 26344547 PMCID: PMC4596689 DOI: 10.7554/elife.08440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We mapped the distribution of atrophy in Parkinson's disease (PD) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical data from 232 PD patients and 117 controls from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative. Deformation-based morphometry and independent component analysis identified PD-specific atrophy in the midbrain, basal ganglia, basal forebrain, medial temporal lobe, and discrete cortical regions. The degree of atrophy reflected clinical measures of disease severity. The spatial pattern of atrophy demonstrated overlap with intrinsic networks present in healthy brain, as derived from functional MRI. Moreover, the degree of atrophy in each brain region reflected its functional and anatomical proximity to a presumed disease epicenter in the substantia nigra, compatible with a trans-neuronal spread of the disease. These results support a network-spread mechanism in PD. Finally, the atrophy pattern in PD was also seen in healthy aging, where it also correlated with the loss of striatal dopaminergic innervation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashar Zeighami
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Miguel Ulla
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Service de Neurologie A, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Yasser Iturria-Medina
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Mahsa Dadar
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Yu Zhang
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Vladimir Fonov
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Alan C Evans
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - D Louis Collins
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Alain Dagher
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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30
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31
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Bowers H, Smith D, de la Salle S, Choueiry J, Impey D, Philippe T, Dort H, Millar A, Daigle M, Albert PR, Beaudoin A, Knott V. COMT polymorphism modulates the resting-state EEG alpha oscillatory response to acute nicotine in male non-smokers. GENES, BRAIN, AND BEHAVIOR 2015; 14:466-76. [PMID: 26096691 PMCID: PMC4514526 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Performance improvements in cognitive tasks requiring executive functions are evident with nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonists, and activation of the underlying neural circuitry supporting these cognitive effects is thought to involve dopamine neurotransmission. As individual difference in response to nicotine may be related to a functional polymorphism in the gene encoding catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), an enzyme that strongly influences cortical dopamine metabolism, this study examined the modulatory effects of the COMT Val158Met polymorphism on the neural response to acute nicotine as measured with resting-state electroencephalographic (EEG) oscillations. In a sample of 62 healthy non-smoking adult males, a single dose (6 mg) of nicotine gum administered in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design was shown to affect α oscillatory activity, increasing power of upper α oscillations in frontocentral regions of Met/Met homozygotes and in parietal/occipital regions of Val/Met heterozygotes. Peak α frequency was also found to be faster with nicotine (vs. placebo) treatment in Val/Met heterozygotes, who exhibited a slower α frequency compared to Val/Val homozygotes. The data tentatively suggest that interindividual differences in brain α oscillations and their response to nicotinic agonist treatment are influenced by genetic mechanisms involving COMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Bowers
- Department of Psychology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - D. Smith
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - S. de la Salle
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - J. Choueiry
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - D. Impey
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - T. Philippe
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Royal Ottawa Mental Health Care Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - H. Dort
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Royal Ottawa Mental Health Care Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - A. Millar
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - M. Daigle
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - P. R. Albert
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - A. Beaudoin
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Royal Ottawa Mental Health Care Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - V. Knott
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Royal Ottawa Mental Health Care Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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32
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Mechanisms of motivation-cognition interaction: challenges and opportunities. COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2015; 14:443-72. [PMID: 24920442 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-014-0300-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent years have seen a rejuvenation of interest in studies of motivation-cognition interactions arising from many different areas of psychology and neuroscience. The present issue of Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience provides a sampling of some of the latest research from a number of these different areas. In this introductory article, we provide an overview of the current state of the field, in terms of key research developments and candidate neural mechanisms receiving focused investigation as potential sources of motivation-cognition interaction. However, our primary goal is conceptual: to highlight the distinct perspectives taken by different research areas, in terms of how motivation is defined, the relevant dimensions and dissociations that are emphasized, and the theoretical questions being targeted. Together, these distinctions present both challenges and opportunities for efforts aiming toward a more unified and cross-disciplinary approach. We identify a set of pressing research questions calling for this sort of cross-disciplinary approach, with the explicit goal of encouraging integrative and collaborative investigations directed toward them.
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Zhang D, Liu X, Chen J, Liu B, Wang J. Widespread increase of functional connectivity in Parkinson's disease with tremor: a resting-state FMRI study. Front Aging Neurosci 2015; 7:6. [PMID: 25691867 PMCID: PMC4315047 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2015.00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a clinically heterogeneous disease in the symptomatology dominated by tremor, akinesia, or rigidity. Focusing on PD patients with tremor, this study investigated their discoordination patterns of spontaneous brain activity by combining voxel-wise centrality, seed-based functional connectivity, and network efficiency methods. Sixteen patients and 20 matched healthy controls (HCs) were recruited and underwent structural and resting-state functional MRI scan. Compared with the HCs, the patients exhibited increased centrality in the frontal, parietal, and occipital regions while decreased centrality in the cerebellum anterior lobe and thalamus. Seeded at these regions, a distributed network was further identified that encompassed cortical (default mode network, sensorimotor cortex, prefrontal and occipital areas) and subcortical (thalamus and basal ganglia) regions and the cerebellum and brainstem. Graph-based analyses of this network revealed increased information transformation efficiency in the patients. Moreover, the identified network correlated with clinical manifestations in the patients and could distinguish the patients from HCs. Morphometric analyses revealed decreased gray matter volume in multiple regions that largely accounted for the observed functional abnormalities. Together, these findings provide a comprehensive view of network disorganization in PD with tremor and have important implications for understanding neural substrates underlying this specific type of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou , China ; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Postdoctoral Mobile Research Station , Guangzhou , China
| | - Xian Liu
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou , China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou , China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou , China
| | - Jinhui Wang
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, Hangzhou Normal University , Hangzhou , China ; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments , Hangzhou , China
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Nagano-Saito A, Martinu K, Monchi O. Function of basal ganglia in bridging cognitive and motor modules to perform an action. Front Neurosci 2014; 8:187. [PMID: 25071432 PMCID: PMC4086202 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2014.00187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The basal ganglia (BG) are thought to be involved in the integration of multiple sources of information, and their dysfunction can lead to disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD). PD patients show motor and cognitive dysfunction with specific impairments in the internal generation of motor actions and executive deficits, respectively. The role of the BG, then, would be to integrate information from several sources in order to make a decision on a resulting action adequate for the required task. Reanalyzing the data set from our previous study (Martinu et al., 2012), we investigated this hypothesis by applying a graph theory method to a series of fMRI data during the performance of self-initiated (SI) finger movement tasks obtained in healthy volunteers (HV) and early stage PD patients. Dorsally, connectivity strength between the medial prefrontal areas (mPFC) and cortical regions including the primary motor area (M1), the extrastriate visual cortex, and the associative cortex, was reduced in the PD patients. The connectivity strengths were positively correlated to activity in the striatum in both groups. Ventrally, all connectivity between the striatum, the thalamus, and the extrastriate visual cortex decreased in strength in the PD, as did the connectivity between the striatum and the ventrolateral PFC (VLPFC). Individual response time (RT) was negatively correlated to connectivity strength between the dorsolateral PFC (DLPFC) and the striatum and positively correlated to connectivity between the VLPFC and the striatum in the HV. These results indicate that the BG, with the mPFC and thalamus, are involved in integrating multiple sources of information from areas such as DLPFC, and VLPFC, connecting to M1, thereby determining a network that leads to the adequate decision and performance of the resulting action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko Nagano-Saito
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal Montréal, QC, Canada ; Department of Radiology, Université de Montréal Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Kristina Martinu
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Oury Monchi
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal Montréal, QC, Canada ; Department of Radiology, Université de Montréal Montréal, QC, Canada
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Lu H, Jenkins BG, Stein EA. Introduction to the special issue on neuroimaging in neuropharmacology. Neuropharmacology 2014; 84:63-4. [PMID: 24859606 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2014.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanbing Lu
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, USA.
| | - Bruce G Jenkins
- MGH Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging and Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - Elliot A Stein
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, USA
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