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Erskine N, Barratt J, Cairney J. Paediatric motor difficulties and internalising problems: an integrative review on the environmental stress hypothesis. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1320338. [PMID: 39156018 PMCID: PMC11327034 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1320338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The current study aims to provide an in-depth analysis and extension of the Environmental Stress Hypothesis (ESH) framework, focusing on the complex interplay between poor motor skills and internalising problems like anxiety and depression. Using an integrative research review methodology, this study synthesises findings from 38 articles, both empirical and theoretical, building upon previous foundational works. The hypothesis posits that poor motor skills serve as a primary stressor, leading to internalising problems through various secondary stressors. A rigorous comparison of data was conducted, considering study design, findings, and methodologies-while exploring variables such as age, sex, and comorbidities. The study also enhances the ESH framework by including intrapersonal stressors and introducing resource buffers, including optimism and familial support as additional influencing factors. This multi-level approach yields a more nuanced and comprehensive ESH framework, highlighting the need for future studies to consider variables that intersect across multiple domains and how the relationship between poor motor skills and internalising problems may vary across different life stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah Erskine
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Health and Well-Being Centre for Research Innovation, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Jaime Barratt
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Health and Well-Being Centre for Research Innovation, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Education, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - John Cairney
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Health and Well-Being Centre for Research Innovation, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
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Gigliotti F, Giovannone F, Belli A, Sogos C. Atypical Sensory Processing in Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Clinical Phenotypes in Preschool-Aged Children. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:875. [PMID: 39062324 PMCID: PMC11276037 DOI: 10.3390/children11070875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sensory processing issues are frequent in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), with very variable prevalence rates ranging from 20% to 95%. This study aimed to investigate sensory processing in preschool-aged children with NDDs, to clarify the epidemiology, and to identify associated or correlated clinical and psychometric variables. METHODS A total of 141 NDD children (age range 2-5 years old) were included and enrolled in two subgroups: 72 with ASD and 69 with other NDDs. A standardized neuropsychological evaluation was assessed (Griffiths III/WPPSI-III/Leiter-R, ADOS-2) and the parents completed the CBCL ½-5, the SPM-P, and the ADI-R. RESULTS Atypical sensory processing was reported in 39.7% of the total sample, more frequently in ASD (44.4%) than in other NDDs (34.8%). No statistically significant differences were found regarding gender and developmental level. A positive correlation was found between sensory processing abnormalities and behavioral problems (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Compared to other NDDs, ASDs more frequently have atypical sensory processing and appear to present a specific vulnerability in the processing of proprioceptive and vestibular inputs. Our results suggest that sensory processing difficulties should be considered regardless of developmental level and in children with behavioral problems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Carla Sogos
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.G.); (F.G.); (A.B.)
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Karabak M, Akıncı MA, Yıldırım Demirdöğen E, Bozkurt A. Prevalence and associated factors of developmental coordination disorder in primary school children. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s00787-024-02526-3. [PMID: 39008096 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02526-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is one of the most frequently observed movement disorders in childhood, yet data on its prevalence are still unclear. This two-stage epidemiological study aims to determine the prevalence of DCD in children between 6 and 10 years of age according to the diagnostic criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 (DSM-5). In the first stage, the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ'07) were given to primary school students. In the second stage, clinicians conducted psychiatric interviews with children who had an indication of DCD or were suspected of having DCD according to the DCDQ'07 and their parents. The interviews utilized the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for DCD and applied the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version-Turkish Adaptation (K-SADS-PL) and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R) to identify co-occurring disorders. In the first stage, 2,306 children were evaluated, and 205 were invited for a clinical interview. Of the 198 children interviewed, 49 met the diagnostic criteria for DCD. The prevalence of DCD in Türkiye was found to be 2.1%. High parental education level, a previous psychiatric admission of the child, mother's postpartum depressive symptoms, co-occurring disorders, and co-occurring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were significantly more common among children with DCD. Potentially associated factors were evaluated by logistic regression analysis. The mother's education level, the presence of postpartum depressive symptoms, and co-occurring disorders in the child were found to be associated factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Karabak
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erzurum City Hospital, Erzurum, Türkiye.
| | - Mehmet Akif Akıncı
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Atatürk University Faculty of Medicine, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Esen Yıldırım Demirdöğen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Atatürk University Faculty of Medicine, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Abdullah Bozkurt
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Atatürk University Faculty of Medicine, Erzurum, Türkiye
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Shipley I, Esselaar M, Wood S, Parr JVV, Wright DJ, Wood G. The self-reported driving and pedestrian behaviour of adults with developmental coordination disorder. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301115. [PMID: 38728334 PMCID: PMC11086845 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) affects movement coordination, but little is known about how the condition impacts the behaviours of car drivers and pedestrians. AIMS This study examined the self-reported driving and pedestrian behaviours of adults with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). METHODS AND PROCEDURES One hundred and twenty-eight participants (62 adults with DCD vs. 66 TD adults) responded to an online survey asking them about their perceptions of confidence and self-reported driving and pedestrian behaviours in the real-world. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Results suggested that adults with DCD felt less confident and reported more lapses in attention (e.g., forgetting where their car was parked) and errors (e.g., failing to check their mirrors prior to a manoeuvre) when driving compared to typically developed (TD) adults. Adults with DCD also reported feeling less confident and reported less adherence to road traffic laws (e.g., not waiting for a green crossing signal before crossing the road) when walking as pedestrians. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These results offer some much-needed insight into the behaviours of those with DCD outside of the laboratory environment and underline the need for research investigating the driving and pedestrian behaviours of individuals with DCD in 'real-world' contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isobel Shipley
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University Institute of Sport, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Maaike Esselaar
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University Institute of Sport, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel Wood
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University Institute of Sport, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Johnny V. V. Parr
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University Institute of Sport, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - David J. Wright
- Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Greg Wood
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University Institute of Sport, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Busquets A, Ferrer-Uris B, Durduran T, Bešlija F, Añón-Hidalgo M, Angulo-Barroso R. Study protocol to examine the effects of acute exercise on motor learning and brain activity in children with developmental coordination disorder (ExLe-Brain-DCD). PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302242. [PMID: 38722962 PMCID: PMC11081356 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is one of the most prevalent pediatric chronic conditions. Without proper intervention, significant delays in motor skill performance and learning may persist until adulthood. Moderate-to-vigorous physical exercise has been proven to improve motor learning (adaptation and consolidation) in children with or without disorders. However, the effect of a short bout of physical exercise on motor adaptation and consolidation in children with DCD has not been examined. Furthermore, the role of perceptual-motor integration and attention as mediators of learning has not been examined via neuroimaging in this population. OBJECTIVES Therefore, the primary aims of this project will be to compare children with and without DCD to (a) examine the effect of acute exercise on motor learning (adaptation and consolidation) while performing a rotational visuo-motor adaptation task (rVMA), and (b) explore cortical activation in the dorsolateral- and ventrolateral-prefrontal cortex areas while learning the rVMA task under rest or post-exercise conditions. METHODS One hundred twenty children will be recruited (60 DCD, 60 controls) and within-cohort randomly assigned to either exercise (13-minute shuttle run task) or rest prior to performing the rVMA task. Adaptation and consolidation will be evaluated via two error variables and three retention tests (1h, 24h and 7 days post adaptation). Cortical activation will be registered via functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during the baseline, adaptation, and consolidation. DISCUSSION We expect to find exercise benefits on motor learning and attention so that children with DCD profiles will be closer to those of children with typical development. The results of this project will provide further evidence to: (a) better characterize children with DCD for the design of educational materials, and (b) establish acute exercise as a potential intervention to improve motor learning and attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Busquets
- Institut Nacional d’Educació Física de Catalunya, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Blai Ferrer-Uris
- Institut Nacional d’Educació Física de Catalunya, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Turgut Durduran
- Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Faruk Bešlija
- Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Spain
| | - Manuel Añón-Hidalgo
- Institut Nacional d’Educació Física de Catalunya, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Angulo-Barroso
- Institut Nacional d’Educació Física de Catalunya, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Kinesiology, California State University, Northridge, California, United States of America
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Gauduel T, Blondet C, Gonzalez-Monge S, Bonaiuto J, Gomez A. Alteration of body representation in typical and atypical motor development. Dev Sci 2024; 27:e13455. [PMID: 37926863 DOI: 10.1111/desc.13455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) impacts the quality of life and ability to perform coordinated actions in 5% of school-aged children. The quality of body representations of individuals with DCD has been questioned, but never assessed. We hypothesize that children with DCD have imprecise body representations in the sensory and motor domains. Twenty neurotypical children, seventeen children with DCD (8-12 years old) and twenty neurotypical adults (25-45 years old) performed both sensory and motor body representation tasks: a limb identification and a limb movement task. We observed lower accuracy in the sensory task but not in the motor task. In both tasks, we observe a larger amplitude of errors, or synkinesis, in children with DCD than in neurotypical children. In neurotypical children, accuracy was lower than in neurotypical adults in the motor and sensory task, and the amplitude of sensory errors and synkinesis was higher than in neurotypical adults. Using a linear regression model, we showed that sensory accuracy is a good predictor of synkinesis production, and that synkinesis production is a good predictor of sensory accuracy, as can be expected by the perception-action loop. Results support the hypothesis of an imprecision of body representation in DCD. We suggest that this imprecision arises from noise in the body representation used at the level of internal models of action. Future studies may assess whether slower plasticity of body representations, initial imprecision, or both may account for this observation. At the clinical level, prevention strategies targeting body representation in early childhood are strategically important to limit such impairments. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Body representation is impaired in children with DCD and has a significant cost in terms of the accuracy of sensory identification of body parts and associated movements. Inaccuracies in the body representation measured in perception and in action (error amplitude and synkinesis) are related in both NT children and adults. In typical development, we provide evidence of a strong link between body schema and body image.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Gauduel
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), INSERM U1028-CNRS UMR 5292, University of Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Camille Blondet
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), INSERM U1028-CNRS UMR 5292, University of Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Sibylle Gonzalez-Monge
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), INSERM U1028-CNRS UMR 5292, University of Lyon, Bron, France
| | - James Bonaiuto
- CNRS UMR 5229, Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, Lyon, France
| | - Alice Gomez
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), INSERM U1028-CNRS UMR 5292, University of Lyon, Bron, France
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Martel M, Finos L, Bahmad S, Koun E, Salemme R, Sonié S, Fourneret P, Schmitz C, Roy AC. Motor deficits in autism differ from that of developmental coordination disorder. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2024; 28:415-432. [PMID: 37226824 DOI: 10.1177/13623613231171980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT A vast majority of individuals with autism spectrum disorder experience impairments in motor skills. Those are often labelled as additional developmental coordination disorder despite the lack of studies comparing both disorders. Consequently, motor skills rehabilitation programmes in autism are often not specific but rather consist in standard programmes for developmental coordination disorder. Here, we compared motor performance in three groups of children: a control group, an autism spectrum disorder group and a developmental coordination disorder group. Despite similar level of motor skills evaluated by the standard movement assessment battery for children, in a Reach-to-Displace Task, children with autism spectrum disorder and developmental coordination disorder showed specific motor control deficits. Children with autism spectrum disorder failed to anticipate the object properties, but could correct their movement as well as typically developing children. In contrast, children with developmental coordination disorder were atypically slow, but showed a spared anticipation. Our study has important clinical implications as motor skills rehabilitations are crucial to both populations. Specifically, our findings suggest that individuals with autism spectrum disorder would benefit from therapies aiming at improving their anticipation, maybe through the support of their preserved representations and use of sensory information. Conversely, individuals with developmental coordination disorder would benefit from a focus on the use of sensory information in a timely fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Martel
- Laboratoire Dynamique Du Langage, CNRS UMR5596, Université Lyon 2, Lyon, France
| | - Livio Finos
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Salam Bahmad
- Laboratoire Dynamique Du Langage, CNRS UMR5596, Université Lyon 2, Lyon, France
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center CRNL; INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292; ImpAct Team, Lyon, France
- University Lyon 1, France
| | - Eric Koun
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center CRNL; INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292; ImpAct Team, Lyon, France
- University Lyon 1, France
| | - Romeo Salemme
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center CRNL; INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292; ImpAct Team, Lyon, France
- University Lyon 1, France
| | - Sandrine Sonié
- University Lyon 1, France
- Rhône-Alpes Autism Resource Center (CRA-RA), France
- Le Vinatier Hospital Center, France Lyon Neuroscience
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, CRNL; INSERM U1028; CNRS UMR5292; COPHY Team, Lyon, France
| | - Pierre Fourneret
- Service Psychopathologie du Développement, HFME, Hospices civils de Lyon, France
| | - Christina Schmitz
- University Lyon 1, France
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, CRNL; INSERM U1028; CNRS UMR5292; COPHY Team, Lyon, France
| | - Alice Catherine Roy
- Laboratoire Dynamique Du Langage, CNRS UMR5596, Université Lyon 2, Lyon, France
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Mayes WP, Gentle J, Ivanova M, Violante IR. Audio-visual multisensory integration and haptic perception are altered in adults with developmental coordination disorder. Hum Mov Sci 2024; 93:103180. [PMID: 38266441 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2024.103180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a movement disorder in which atypical sensory processing may underly movement atypicality. However, whether altered sensory processing is domain-specific or global in nature, are unanswered questions. Here, we measured for the first time, different aspects of sensory processing and spatiotemporal integration in the same cohort of adult participants with DCD (N = 16), possible DCD (pDCD, N = 12) and neurotypical adults (NT, N = 28). Haptic perception was reduced in both DCD and the extended DCD + pDCD groups when compared to NT adults. Audio-visual integration, measured using the sound-induced double flash illusion, was reduced only in DCD participants, and not the DCD + pDCD extended group. While low-level sensory processing was altered in DCD, the more cognitive, higher-level ability to infer temporal dimensions from spatial information, and vice-versa, as assessed with Tau-Kappa effects, was intact in DCD (and extended DCD + pDCD) participants. Both audio-visual integration and haptic perception difficulties correlated with the degree of self-reported DCD symptoms and were most apparent when comparing DCD and NT groups directly, instead of the expanded DCD + pDCD group. The association of sensory difficulties with DCD symptoms suggests that perceptual differences play a role in motor difficulties in DCD via an underlying internal modelling mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- William P Mayes
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Stag Hill, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK.
| | - Judith Gentle
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Stag Hill, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK.
| | - Mirela Ivanova
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Stag Hill, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Ines R Violante
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Stag Hill, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK.
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Garofalo M, Vansenne F, Sival DA, Verbeek DS. Pathogenetic Insights into Developmental Coordination Disorder Reveal Substantial Overlap with Movement Disorders. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1625. [PMID: 38137073 PMCID: PMC10741651 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13121625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by non-progressive central motor impairments. Mild movement disorder features have been observed in DCD. Until now, the etiology of DCD has been unclear. Recent studies suggested a genetic substrate in some patients with DCD, but comprehensive knowledge about associated genes and underlying pathogenetic mechanisms is still lacking. In this study, we first identified genes described in the literature in patients with a diagnosis of DCD according to the official diagnostic criteria. Second, we exposed the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms of DCD, by investigating tissue- and temporal gene expression patterns and brain-specific biological mechanisms. Third, we explored putative shared pathogenetic mechanisms between DCD and frequent movement disorders with a known genetic component, including ataxia, chorea, dystonia, and myoclonus. We identified 12 genes associated with DCD in the literature, which are ubiquitously expressed in the central nervous system throughout brain development. These genes are involved in cellular processes, neural signaling, and nervous system development. There was a remarkable overlap (62%) in pathogenetic mechanisms between DCD-associated genes and genes linked with movement disorders. Our findings suggest that some patients might have a genetic etiology of DCD, which could be considered part of a pathogenetic movement disorder spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martinica Garofalo
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Beatrix Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (M.G.); (D.A.S.)
- Expertise Center Movement Disorders Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Fleur Vansenne
- Expertise Center Movement Disorders Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands;
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Deborah A. Sival
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Beatrix Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (M.G.); (D.A.S.)
- Expertise Center Movement Disorders Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Dineke S. Verbeek
- Expertise Center Movement Disorders Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands;
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
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Pranjić M, Rahman N, Kamenetskiy A, Mulligan K, Pihl S, Arnett AB. A systematic review of behavioral and neurobiological profiles associated with coexisting attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and developmental coordination disorder. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 153:105389. [PMID: 37704094 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and developmental coordination disorder (DCD) co-occur in approximately 50% of cases. This study aimed to characterize the behavioral, cognitive, and neurobiological profiles of co-occurring ADHD and DCD diagnoses by mapping, synthesizing, and providing a critical appraisal of the existing literature. A systematic search was conducted across four databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, and Scopus) to identify studies comparing a coexisting ADHD+DCD diagnosis to ADHD and DCD alone. From 2353 screened articles, 15 behavioral and 10 neuroimaging studies were included. Collectively, these studies suggest that the comorbid ADHD+DCD presentation constitutes a more severe phenotype characterized by neurocognitive differences associated with both conditions. Despite sharing some common neural features, our findings support the separate etiology hypothesis indicating that neural network alterations in individuals with ADHD+DCD represent a unique neural pattern rather than a sum of ADHD and DCD characteristics. Considering the heterogeneity inherent to both ADHD and DCD, future studies should involve rigorous and comprehensive assessment procedures to delineate how different subtypes of each diagnosis relate to distinct performance characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Pranjić
- Division of Developmental Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Navin Rahman
- Division of Developmental Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adelia Kamenetskiy
- Division of Developmental Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kaitlin Mulligan
- Division of Developmental Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephen Pihl
- Division of Developmental Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anne B Arnett
- Division of Developmental Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Banátová K, Valtr L, Cuberek R. Cultural Adaptation of the MABC-2 Checklist as a Screening Tool for Developmental Coordination Disorder in Schools. Occup Ther Health Care 2023; 37:496-512. [PMID: 35357262 DOI: 10.1080/07380577.2022.2056778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to adapt the MABC-2 Checklist to Czech primary schools by examining of its content validity and feasibility. The content validity achieved the satisfactory level in the second round of panels of experts on child motor development. The evidence on feasibility was obtained from classroom teachers who described this tool as clear, objective and having logical structure and its administration as comprehensible and fast. The MABC-2 Checklist is applicable instrument for the Czech school environment, but its adaptation to various countries should consider the items representing the common motor skills in local children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Banátová
- Department of Natural Sciences in Kinanthropology, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ludvík Valtr
- Department of Natural Sciences in Kinanthropology, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Cuberek
- Institute of Active Lifestyle, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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12
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Al-Yahya E, Esser P, Weedon BD, Joshi S, Liu YC, Springett DN, Salvan P, Meaney A, Collett J, Inacio M, Delextrat A, Kemp S, Ward T, Izadi H, Johansen-Berg H, Ayaz H, Dawes H. Motor learning in developmental coordination disorder: behavioral and neuroimaging study. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1187790. [PMID: 37425016 PMCID: PMC10323432 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1187790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is characterized by motor learning deficits that are poorly understood within whole-body activities context. Here we present results of one of the largest non-randomized interventional trials combining brain imaging and motion capture techniques to examine motor skill acquisition and its underpinning mechanisms in adolescents with and without DCD. A total of 86 adolescents with low fitness levels (including 48 with DCD) were trained on a novel stepping task for a duration of 7 weeks. Motor performance during the stepping task was assessed under single and dual-task conditions. Concurrent cortical activation in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) was measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Additionally, structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was conducted during a similar stepping task at the beginning of the trial. The results indicate that adolescents with DCD performed similarly to their peers with lower levels of fitness in the novel stepping task and demonstrated the ability to learn and improve motor performance. Both groups showed significant improvements in both tasks and under single- and dual-task conditions at post-intervention and follow-up compared to baseline. While both groups initially made more errors in the Stroop task under dual-task conditions, at follow-up, a significant difference between single- and dual-task conditions was observed only in the DCD group. Notably, differences in prefrontal activation patterns between the groups emerged at different time points and task conditions. Adolescents with DCD exhibited distinct prefrontal activation responses during the learning and performance of a motor task, particularly when complexity was increased by concurrent cognitive tasks. Furthermore, a relationship was observed between MRI brain structure and function measures and initial performance in the novel stepping task. Overall, these findings suggest that strategies that address task and environmental complexities, while simultaneously enhancing brain activity through a range of tasks, offer opportunities to increase the participation of adolescents with low fitness in physical activity and sports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad Al-Yahya
- School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Patrick Esser
- Centre for Movement, Occupation and Rehabilitation Services, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin D. Weedon
- Centre for Movement, Occupation and Rehabilitation Services, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Shawn Joshi
- Centre for Movement, Occupation and Rehabilitation Services, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Yan-Ci Liu
- Centre for Movement, Occupation and Rehabilitation Services, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
- School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Daniella N. Springett
- Centre for Movement, Occupation and Rehabilitation Services, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Piergiorgio Salvan
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Andy Meaney
- Centre for Movement, Occupation and Rehabilitation Services, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Johnny Collett
- Centre for Movement, Occupation and Rehabilitation Services, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mario Inacio
- Centre for Movement, Occupation and Rehabilitation Services, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, University of Maia, Porto, Portugal
| | - Anne Delextrat
- Centre for Movement, Occupation and Rehabilitation Services, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Steve Kemp
- Centre for Movement, Occupation and Rehabilitation Services, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Tomas Ward
- Insight SFI Research Centre for Data Analytics, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Hooshang Izadi
- School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Heidi Johansen-Berg
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hasan Ayaz
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Drexel Solutions Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Injury Research and Prevention, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Helen Dawes
- Centre for Movement, Occupation and Rehabilitation Services, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
- NIHR Exeter BRC, Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
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13
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Koul P, Qureshi MI, Kovela RK. Handwriting Evaluation in School-Aged Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder: A Literature Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e35817. [PMID: 37033536 PMCID: PMC10075016 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.35817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite widespread computer use, legible handwriting remains an important common life skill that requires more attention from schools and health professionals. Importantly, instructors and parents typically attribute the difficulties to laziness or a lack of effort, causing the youngster anger and disappointment. Handwriting issues are a public health concern in terms of both prevalence and consequences. Writing is a tough and diverse activity that requires cognitive, perceptual-motor, mental, and emotional talents. It is largely a motor process involving an effective level of motor organization that results in exact movement synchronization. Handwriting problems have been connected to developmental disorders such as developmental coordination disorder. For the affected youngsters, forming letters takes more work, and the kid may forget what he or she planned to write. School children's primary handwriting issues include illegible writing, slow handwriting, and strained writing. Handwriting problems may lead to scholastic underachievement and low self-esteem. Because of this complication, some school-aged children develop handwriting difficulties, which cause psychological distress and learning impairments. In the treatment of children with bad handwriting, the therapeutic intervention has been demonstrated to be successful. We aimed to determine how efficient tools and scales are which assess handwriting in school-aged children having developmental coordination disorder. Keyword searches were conducted on Google Scholar and PubMed, yielding 45 results, eight of which met the inclusion requirements. We concluded that there are a lot of scales and tools to date but no scale focuses on the temporal and spatial parameters for handwriting evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prishita Koul
- Department of Neurophysiotherapy, Ravi Nair Physiotherapy College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Wardha, IND
| | - Moh'd Irshad Qureshi
- Department of Neurophysiotherapy, Ravi Nair Physiotherapy College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Wardha, IND
| | - Rakesh K Kovela
- Department of Physiotherapy, Nitte Institute of Physiotherapy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, IND
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14
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Martel M, Glover S. TMS over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex affects the timing of motor imagery but not overt action: Further support for the motor-cognitive model. Behav Brain Res 2023; 437:114125. [PMID: 36167217 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.114125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The Motor-Cognitive model suggests a functional dissociation between motor imagery and overt action, in contrast to the Functional Equivalence view of common processes between the two behaviours. According to the Motor-Cognitive model, motor imagery differs from overt action primarily through the use of executive resources to monitor and elaborate a motor image during execution, which can result in a lack of correspondence between motor imagery and its overt action counterpart. The present study examined the importance of executive resources in motor imagery by using TMS to impair the function of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex while measuring the time to complete imagined versus overt actions. In two experiments, TMS over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex slowed motor imagery but did not affect overt actions. TMS over the same region also interfered with performance of a mental calculation task, though it did not reliably affect less demanding cognitive tasks also thought to rely on executive functions. Taken together, these results were consistent with the Motor-Cognitive model but not with the idea of functional equivalence. The implications of these results for the theoretical understanding of motor imagery, and potential applications of the Motor-Cognitive model to the use of motor imagery in training and rehabilitation, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Martel
- Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway University of London, UK.
| | - Scott Glover
- Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway University of London, UK
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15
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Abu-Ata A, Green D, Sopher R, Portnoy S, Ratzon NZ. Upper Limb Kinematics of Handwriting among Children with and without Developmental Coordination Disorder. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:9224. [PMID: 36501925 PMCID: PMC9741266 DOI: 10.3390/s22239224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Background: Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) often experience difficulties with handwriting legibility and speed. This study investigates the relationship between handwriting and upper limb kinematics to characterize movement patterns of children with DCD and typically developing (TD) children. Methods: 30 children with and without DCD matched for age, gender, and parent education were compared across handwriting abilities using a standardized handwriting assessment of both copied and dictated tasks (A-A Handwriting). The 3D motion capture system (Qualysis) was used to analyze upper limb kinematics and characterize movement patterns during handwriting and contrasted with written output. Results: Children with DCD wrote fewer legible letters in both copying and dictation. Children with DCD also showed poor automatization of key writing concepts. Atypical wrist postures were associated with reduced legibility for children with DCD (F (1,27) 4.71, p = 0.04, p-η2 = 0.15); whereas for TD children, better legibility was associated with greater variations in movement speed, particularly of the wrist (rho = −0.578, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Results reflect different movement parameters influencing handwriting in children with DCD. An improved understanding of the movement characteristics during handwriting of these children may assist intervention design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amani Abu-Ata
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Professions, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Dido Green
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, 553 18 Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Ran Sopher
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Professions, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Sigal Portnoy
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Professions, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Navah Z. Ratzon
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Professions, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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16
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Tajari SN, Gholami S, Rostami R, Trabelsi K, Taheri M. The effect of perceptual-motor exercise on temporal dynamics of cognitive inhibition control in children with developmental coordination disorder. Ment Health Phys Act 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mhpa.2022.100495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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17
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Tran HT, Li YC, Lin HY, Lee SD, Wang PJ. Sensory Processing Impairments in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9101443. [PMID: 36291382 PMCID: PMC9600147 DOI: 10.3390/children9101443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The two objectives of this systematic review were to examine the following: (1) the difference in sensory processing areas (auditory, visual, vestibular, touch, proprioceptive, and multi-sensory) between children with and without developmental coordination disorder (DCD), and (2) the relationship between sensory processing and motor coordination in DCD. The following databases were comprehensively searched for relevant articles: PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Cochrane library. There were 1107 articles (published year = 2010 to 2021) found in the initial search. Full-text articles of all possibly relevant citations were obtained and inspected for suitability by two authors. The outcome measures were sensory processing impairments and their relationship with motor coordination. A total of 10 articles met the inclusion criteria. Children with DCD showed significant impairments in visual integration, tactile integration, proprioceptive integration, auditory integration, vestibular integration, and oral integration processes when compared with typically developing children. Evidence also supported that sensory processing impairments were associated with poor motor coordination in DCD. Preliminary support indicated that DCD have sensory processing impairments in visual, tactile, proprioceptive, auditory, and vestibular areas, which might contribute to participation restriction in motor activities. It is important to apply sensory integration therapy in rehabilitation programs for DCD in order to facilitate participation in daily activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huynh-Truc Tran
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chuen Li
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yu Lin
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Da Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jung Wang
- Department of Physical Therapy, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-2332-3456 (ext. 48039)
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18
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Weber C, Krieger B, Häne E, Yarker J, McDowall A. Physical Workplace Adjustments to Support Neurodivergent Workers: A Systematic Review. APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY-AN INTERNATIONAL REVIEW-PSYCHOLOGIE APPLIQUEE-REVUE INTERNATIONALE 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/apps.12431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clara Weber
- Institute of Facility Management, School of Life Sciences and Facility Management, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Wädenswil, Switzerland; and Environmental Psychology Department School of Psychology University of Surrey Guildford UK
- Department of Environmental Psychology, School of Psychology University of Surrey Guildford UK
| | - Beate Krieger
- Institute of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Science Zurich University of Applied Sciences Winterthur Switzerland
| | - Eunji Häne
- Institute of Facility Management, School of Life Sciences and Facility Management, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Wädenswil, Switzerland; and Environmental Psychology Department School of Psychology University of Surrey Guildford UK
| | - Joanna Yarker
- Department of Organizational Psychology Birkbeck University of London London United Kingdom
| | - Almuth McDowall
- Department of Organizational Psychology Birkbeck University of London London United Kingdom
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19
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James ME, King-Dowling S, Graham JD, Missiuna C, Timmons BW, Cairney J. Effects of Comorbid Developmental Coordination Disorder and Symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder on Physical Activity in Children Aged 4-5 Years. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2022; 53:786-796. [PMID: 33837493 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-021-01155-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is often comorbid with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). While children with DCD engage in less moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) compared to typically developing (TD) children, research pertaining to how ADHD affects this relationship is limited. We investigated the effect of ADHD on MVPA among children at risk for DCD (DCDr). 507 children aged 4-5 years (DCDr = 233, TD = 274) participated. Motor skills were assessed using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2nd edition (DCDr; ≤ 16th percentile), ADHD symptoms were assessed using the Child Behaviour Checklist, and Actigraph accelerometers measured MVPA over seven days. DCD did not negatively affect MVPA, however, after adjusting for ADHD symptoms, the effect of DCD became significant and was driven by symptoms of inattention. Symptoms of ADHD may be suppressing the negative effects of DCD on MVPA, highlighting the importance of assessing and controlling for ADHD symptoms in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maeghan E James
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sara King-Dowling
- Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,INfant and Child Health (INCH) Lab, Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jeffrey D Graham
- INfant and Child Health (INCH) Lab, Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, ON, Canada
| | - Cheryl Missiuna
- INfant and Child Health (INCH) Lab, Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Canchild Center for Disability Research, School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Brian W Timmons
- INfant and Child Health (INCH) Lab, Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Child Health and Exercise Medicine Program, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Canchild Center for Disability Research, School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - John Cairney
- INfant and Child Health (INCH) Lab, Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada. .,School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4067, Australia.
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20
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Developmental Coordination Disorder: State of the Art and Future Directions from a Neurophysiological Perspective. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9070945. [PMID: 35883929 PMCID: PMC9318843 DOI: 10.3390/children9070945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a common neurodevelopmental condition characterized by disabling motor impairments being visible from the first years of life. Over recent decades, research in this field has gained important results, showing alterations in several processes involved in the regulation of motor behavior (e.g., planning and monitoring of actions, motor learning, action imitation). However, these studies mostly pursued a behavioral approach, leaving relevant questions open concerning the neural correlates of this condition. In this narrative review, we first survey the literature on motor control and sensorimotor impairments in DCD. Then, we illustrate the contributions to the field that may be achieved using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the motor cortex. While still rarely employed in DCD research, this approach offers several opportunities, ranging from the clarification of low-level cortical electrophysiology to the assessment of the motor commands transmitted throughout the corticospinal system. We propose that TMS may help to investigate the neural correlates of motor impairments reported in behavioral studies, thus guiding DCD research toward a brain-oriented acknowledgment of this condition. This effort would help translational research to provide novel diagnostic and therapeutic tools.
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21
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Poletti M, Raballo A. (Developmental) Motor Signs: Reconceptualizing a Potential Transdiagnostic Marker of Psychopathological Vulnerability. Schizophr Bull 2022; 48:763-765. [PMID: 35265980 PMCID: PMC9212093 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbac026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Poletti
- Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Andrea Raballo
- Section of Psychiatry, Clinical Psychology and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.,Center for Translational, Phenomenological and Developmental Psychopathology (CTPDP), Perugia University Hospital, Perugia, Italy
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22
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Improving Body Representation and Motor Skills with a Preschool Education Program: A Preliminary Study. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9010117. [PMID: 35053742 PMCID: PMC8774343 DOI: 10.3390/children9010117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background: Body representation is described as a fundamental ability to build efficient motor skills. However, no structured and evidence-based program on body representation currently exists. This study assesses the effectiveness of a school-based body representation program (ENCOR: EN for ‘Enfant’ and COR for ‘Corps’ in French) on body representation abilities and motor skills in preschool children. ENCOR focus on body representation abilities as a foundational ability for motor skills. It was designed with teachers and occupational therapists to be autonomously achieved by teachers. Methods: Twenty-three children aged 5–6 years were included and provided with education interventions (control versus ENCOR). Results: Body representation accuracy and precision in localization increased by about 20% and 37%, respectively, in the intervention program compared to the control intervention. In the body part naming task, participants performed fewer of the most frequent errors (i.e., from 198 to 116 left-right discrimination errors). As expected, performance in the body representation tasks and the motor skills tasks were correlated at baseline. We show that motor skills improved after the ENCOR training. Conclusions: Given the need for evidence-based programs in schools, this program could efficiently help implementing body representation education on a large scale. Future studies should evaluate the effectiveness of the program on other cognitive abilities and academic outcomes.
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23
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Martel M, Boulenger V, Koun E, Finos L, Farnè A, Roy AC. Body schema plasticity is altered in Developmental Coordination Disorder. Neuropsychologia 2021; 166:108136. [PMID: 34953795 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.108136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a pathological condition characterized by impaired motor skills. Current theories advance that a deficit of the internal models is mainly responsible for DCD children's altered behavior. Yet, accurate movement execution requires not only correct movement planning, but also integration of sensory feedback into body representation for action (Body Schema) to update the state of the body. Here we advance and test the hypothesis that the plasticity of this body representation is altered in DCD. To probe Body Schema (BS) plasticity, we submitted a well-established tool-use paradigm to seventeen DCD children, required to reach for an object with their hand before and after tool use, and compared their movement kinematics to that of a control group of Typically Developing (TD) peers. We also asked both groups to provide explicit estimates of their arm length to probe plasticity of their Body Image (BI). Results revealed that DCD children explicitly judged their arm shorter after tool use, showing changes in their BI comparable to their TD peers. Unlike them, though, DCD did not update their implicit BS estimate: kinematics showed that tool use affected their peak amplitudes, but not their latencies. Remarkably, the kinematics of tool use showed that the motor control of the tool was comparable between groups, both improving with practice, confirming that motor learning abilities are preserved in DCD. This study thus brings evidence in favor of an alternative theoretical account of the DCD etiology. Our findings point to a deficit in the plasticity of the body representation used to plan and execute movements. Though not mutually exclusive, this widens the theoretical perspective under which DCD should be considered: DCD may not be limited to a problem affecting the internal models and their motor functions, but may concern the state of the effector they have to use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Martel
- Laboratoire Dynamique Du Langage, UMR5596, CNRS/University Lyon 2, Lyon, France; Integrative Multisensory Perception Action & Cognition Team - ImpAct, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028, CNRS U5292, University Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
| | - Véronique Boulenger
- Laboratoire Dynamique Du Langage, UMR5596, CNRS/University Lyon 2, Lyon, France
| | - Eric Koun
- Integrative Multisensory Perception Action & Cognition Team - ImpAct, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028, CNRS U5292, University Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Livio Finos
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Alessandro Farnè
- Integrative Multisensory Perception Action & Cognition Team - ImpAct, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028, CNRS U5292, University Lyon 1, Lyon, France; Hospices Civils de Lyon, Mouvement et Handicap, Neuro-immersion, Lyon, France; Center for Mind/Brain Sciences (CIMeC), University of Trento, Italy
| | - Alice Catherine Roy
- Laboratoire Dynamique Du Langage, UMR5596, CNRS/University Lyon 2, Lyon, France; Center for Mind/Brain Sciences (CIMeC), University of Trento, Italy
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24
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Micheletti S, Corbett F, Atkinson J, Braddick O, Mattei P, Galli J, Calza S, Fazzi E. Dorsal and Ventral Stream Function in Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:703217. [PMID: 34899210 PMCID: PMC8652285 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.703217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dorsal stream cortical networks underpin a cluster of visuomotor, visuospatial, and visual attention functions. Sensitivity to global coherence of motion and static form is considered a signature of visual cortical processing in the dorsal stream (motion) relative to the ventral stream (form). Poorer sensitivity to global motion compared to global static form has been found across a diverse range of neurodevelopmental disorders, suggesting a “dorsal stream vulnerability.” However, previous studies of global coherence sensitivity in Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) have shown conflicting findings. We examined two groups totalling 102 children with DCD (age 5–12 years), using the “Ball in the Grass” psychophysical test to compare sensitivity to global motion and global static form. Motor impairment was measured using the Movement-ABC (M-ABC). Global coherence sensitivity was compared with a typically developing control group (N = 69) in the same age range. Children with DCD showed impaired sensitivity to global motion (p = 0.002), but not global form (p = 0.695), compared to controls. Within the DCD group, motor impairment showed a significant linear relationship with global form sensitivity (p < 0.001). There was also a significant quadratic relationship between motor impairment and global motion sensitivity (p = 0.046), where poorer global motion sensitivity was only apparent with greater motor impairment. We suggest that two distinct visually related components, associated with global form and global motion sensitivity, contribute to DCD differentially over the range of severity of the disorder. Possible neural circuitry underlying these relationships is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Micheletti
- Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Fleur Corbett
- Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Janette Atkinson
- Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Oliver Braddick
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Paola Mattei
- Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Jessica Galli
- Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefano Calza
- Unit of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elisa Fazzi
- Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Grohs MN, Lebel C, Carlson HL, Craig BT, Dewey D. Subcortical brain structure in children with developmental coordination disorder: A T1-weighted volumetric study. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 15:2756-2765. [PMID: 34386927 PMCID: PMC8761714 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-021-00502-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder occurring in 5-6% of school-aged children. Converging evidence suggests that dysfunction within cortico-striatal and cortico-cerebellar networks may contribute to motor deficits in DCD, yet limited research has examined the brain morphology of these regions. Using T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging the current study investigated cortical and subcortical volumes in 37 children with DCD, aged 8 to 12 years, and 48 controls of a similar age. Regional brain volumes of the thalamus, basal ganglia, cerebellum and primary motor and sensory cortices were extracted using the FreeSurfer recon-all pipeline and compared between groups. Reduced volumes within both the left and right pallidum (Left: F = 4.43, p = 0.039; Right: F = 5.24, p = 0.025) were observed in children with DCD; however, these results did not withstand correction for multiple comparisons. These findings provide preliminary evidence of altered subcortical brain structure in DCD. Future studies that examine the morphology of these subcortical regions are highly encouraged in order replicate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melody N Grohs
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute (ACHRI), Calgary, Canada
| | - Catherine Lebel
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute (ACHRI), Calgary, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute (HBI), University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Helen L Carlson
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute (ACHRI), Calgary, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute (HBI), University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Brandon T Craig
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute (ACHRI), Calgary, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute (HBI), University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Deborah Dewey
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute (ACHRI), Calgary, Canada.
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute (HBI), University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
- Child Development Center, #397 Owerko Center, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada.
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Lense MD, Ladányi E, Rabinowitch TC, Trainor L, Gordon R. Rhythm and timing as vulnerabilities in neurodevelopmental disorders. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2021; 376:20200327. [PMID: 34420385 PMCID: PMC8380970 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2020.0327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Millions of children are impacted by neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), which unfold early in life, have varying genetic etiologies and can involve a variety of specific or generalized impairments in social, cognitive and motor functioning requiring potentially lifelong specialized supports. While specific disorders vary in their domain of primary deficit (e.g. autism spectrum disorder (social), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (attention), developmental coordination disorder (motor) and developmental language disorder (language)), comorbidities between NDDs are common. Intriguingly, many NDDs are associated with difficulties in skills related to rhythm, timing and synchrony though specific profiles of rhythm/timing impairments vary across disorders. Impairments in rhythm/timing may instantiate vulnerabilities for a variety of NDDs and may contribute to both the primary symptoms of each disorder as well as the high levels of comorbidities across disorders. Drawing upon genetic, neural, behavioural and interpersonal constructs across disorders, we consider how disrupted rhythm and timing skills early in life may contribute to atypical developmental cascades that involve overlapping symptoms within the context of a disorder's primary deficits. Consideration of the developmental context, as well as common and unique aspects of the phenotypes of different NDDs, will inform experimental designs to test this hypothesis including via potential mechanistic intervention approaches. This article is part of the theme issue 'Synchrony and rhythm interaction: from the brain to behavioural ecology'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam D. Lense
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Eniko Ladányi
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Laurel Trainor
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Reyna Gordon
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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Effectiveness of Equine-Assisted Activities and Therapies for Improving Adaptive Behavior and Motor Function in Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10081726. [PMID: 33923582 PMCID: PMC8073280 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10081726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Equine-assisted activities and therapies (EAAT) have been suggested to improve adaptive behavior, and possibly motor function, in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study investigated the effects of EAAT on adaptive behavior and motor function in 15 children with ASD (13 males) aged 7–15 years as well as the impact of EAAT on the magnitude of stress in the parent–child system and the evolution in the child interaction with both the trained therapist and the therapeutic animal through the 20 weekly sessions of EAAT. EAAT were associated with greater adaptive behavior and coordination (all p ≤ 0.01) as well as a progressive improvement in the child’s abilities to respond to the increasing complexity of such form of positive behavioral support (all p < 0.001). However, EAAT did not prove to be effective in reducing parental distress. Collectively, preliminary evidence presented here may have important public health implications and gives reason to hope that EAAT could possibly be an effective option in ASD, warranting further investigation of its potential benefits in clinical trials among larger samples.
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Unimanual and bimanual motor performance in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) provide evidence for underlying motor control deficits. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5982. [PMID: 33727614 PMCID: PMC7971033 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85391-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Much of our understanding of motor control deficits in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) comes from upper limb assessments focusing on the dominant limb. Here, using two robotic behavioural tasks, we investigated motor control in both the dominant and non-dominant limbs of children with DCD. Twenty-six children with diagnosed DCD (20 males; mean age 10.6 years ± 1.3 years) and 155 controls were included in this cross-sectional study. Participants completed a visually guided reaching task with their dominant and non-dominant limbs and a bimanual object hitting task. Motor performance was quantified across nine parameters. We determined the number of children with DCD who fell outside of the typical performance range of the controls on these parameters and compared the DCD and control groups using ANCOVAs, accounting for age. Children with DCD demonstrated impairments in six out of nine parameters; deficits were more commonly noted in the non-dominant limb. Interestingly, when looking at individual performance, several children with DCD performed in the range of controls. These findings indicate that children with DCD display deficits in motor control in both the dominant and non-dominant limb and highlight the importance of including detailed assessments of both limbs when investigating children with DCD. They also demonstrate the variability in motor control performance evidenced by children with DCD.
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Rafique SA, Northway N. Reliance on visual feedback from ocular accommodation on motor skills in children with developmental coordination disorder and typically developing controls. Hum Mov Sci 2021; 76:102767. [PMID: 33611094 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2021.102767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) present with marked impairments in motor skills, including visual-motor integration. Oculomotor anomalies are more prevalent in children with DCD than typically developing children. Children with DCD further demonstrate altered use of visual feedback compared to typically developing controls. We investigated whether the accommodation system, a key component of the oculomotor system, contributes to visual feedback during fine and gross motor skills performance; and whether children with DCD demonstrate differences in reliance on visual feedback from accommodation. Minus dioptre lenses were used to maximally induce accommodation and impede accommodation dynamics. Children with DCD and typically developing controls performed motor skills tests assessing balance, upper limb coordination, visual-motor performance, gross and fine dexterity. Motor skills performance in controls was significantly affected by impeded accommodation in all tasks. Children with DCD demonstrated reliance on accommodation feedback in upper limb and visual-motor tasks only. Children with DCD may be less reliant on visual feedback obtained from accommodation due to adaptive mechanisms to overcome faulty information in the presence of oculomotor anomalies. These results strengthen our previous findings that accommodation anomalies contribute to motor skills impairment, and suggest that performance on these motor tasks is heavily reliant on visual feedback from accommodation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara A Rafique
- School of Health & Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Nadia Northway
- School of Health & Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
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Zoccante L, Ciceri ML, Chamitava L, Di Gennaro G, Cazzoletti L, Zanolin ME, Darra F, Colizzi M. Postural Control in Childhood: Investigating the Neurodevelopmental Gradient Hypothesis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041693. [PMID: 33578752 PMCID: PMC7916459 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) have been suggested to lie on a gradient continuum, all resulting from common brain disturbances, but with different degrees of impairment severity. This case-control study aimed to assess postural stability against such hypothesis in 104 children/adolescents aged 5–17, of whom 81 had NDDs and 23 were healthy controls. Compared to healthy controls, Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) resulted in the most severely impaired neurodevelopmental condition, followed by Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) and Tourette Syndrome (TS). In particular, while ASD children/adolescents performed worse than healthy controls in a number of sensory conditions across all parameters, ADHD children/adolescents performed worse than healthy controls only in the sway area for the most complex sensory conditions, when their vision and somatosensory functions were both compromised, and performance in Tourette Syndrome (TS) was roughly indistinguishable from that of healthy controls. Finally, differences were also observed between clinical groups, with ASD children/adolescents, and to a much lesser extent ADHD children/adolescents, performing worse than TS children/adolescents, especially when sensory systems were not operationally accurate. Evidence from this study indicates that poor postural control may be a useful biomarker for risk assessment during neurodevelopment, in line with predictions from the gradient hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Zoccante
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Maternal-Child Integrated Care Department, Integrated University Hospital of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy; (L.Z.); (M.L.C.); (F.D.)
| | - Marco Luigi Ciceri
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Maternal-Child Integrated Care Department, Integrated University Hospital of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy; (L.Z.); (M.L.C.); (F.D.)
| | - Liliya Chamitava
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (L.C.); (L.C.); (M.E.Z.)
| | - Gianfranco Di Gennaro
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, Integrated University Hospital of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy;
| | - Lucia Cazzoletti
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (L.C.); (L.C.); (M.E.Z.)
| | - Maria Elisabetta Zanolin
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (L.C.); (L.C.); (M.E.Z.)
| | - Francesca Darra
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Maternal-Child Integrated Care Department, Integrated University Hospital of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy; (L.Z.); (M.L.C.); (F.D.)
| | - Marco Colizzi
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Maternal-Child Integrated Care Department, Integrated University Hospital of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy; (L.Z.); (M.L.C.); (F.D.)
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-045-812-6832
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31
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Chang A, Li YC, Chan JF, Dotov DG, Cairney J, Trainor LJ. Inferior Auditory Time Perception in Children With Motor Difficulties. Child Dev 2021; 92:e907-e923. [PMID: 33506491 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.13537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Accurate time perception is crucial for hearing (speech, music) and action (walking, catching). Motor brain regions are recruited during auditory time perception. Therefore, the hypothesis was tested that children (age 6-7) at risk for developmental coordination disorder (rDCD), a neurodevelopmental disorder involving motor difficulties, would show nonmotor auditory time perception deficits. Psychophysical tasks confirmed that children with rDCD have poorer duration and rhythm perception than typically developing children (N = 47, d = 0.95-1.01). Electroencephalography showed delayed mismatch negativity or P3a event-related potential latency in response to duration or rhythm deviants, reflecting inefficient brain processing (N = 54, d = 0.71-0.95). These findings are among the first to characterize perceptual timing deficits in DCD, suggesting important theoretical and clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yao-Chuen Li
- McMaster University.,China Medical University, Taiwan
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32
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Irie K, Matsumoto A, Zhao S, Kato T, Liang N. Neural Basis and Motor Imagery Intervention Methodology Based on Neuroimaging Studies in Children With Developmental Coordination Disorders: A Review. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:620599. [PMID: 33551781 PMCID: PMC7862701 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.620599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the neural bases of the brain associated with movement disorders in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) are becoming clearer, the information is not sufficient because of the lack of extensive brain function research. Therefore, it is controversial about effective intervention methods focusing on brain function. One of the rehabilitation techniques for movement disorders involves intervention using motor imagery (MI). MI is often used for movement disorders, but most studies involve adults and healthy children, and the MI method for children with DCD has not been studied in detail. Therefore, a review was conducted to clarify the neuroscientific basis of the methodology of intervention using MI for children with DCD. The neuroimaging review included 20 magnetic resonance imaging studies, and the neurorehabilitation review included four MI intervention studies. In addition to previously reported neural bases, our results indicate decreased activity of the bilateral thalamus, decreased connectivity of the sensory-motor cortex and the left posterior middle temporal gyrus, bilateral posterior cingulate cortex, precuneus, cerebellum, and basal ganglia, loss of connectivity superiority in the abovementioned areas. Furthermore, reduction of gray matter volume in the right superior frontal gyrus and middle frontal gyrus, lower fractional anisotropy, and axial diffusivity in regions of white matter pathways were found in DCD. As a result of the review, children with DCD had less activation of the left brain, especially those with mirror neurons system (MNS) and sensory integration functions. On the contrary, the area important for the visual space processing of the right brain was activated. Regarding of characteristic of the MI methods was that children observed a video related to motor skills before the intervention. Also, they performed visual-motor tasks before MI training sessions. Adding action observation during MI activates the MNS, and performing visual-motor tasks activates the basal ganglia. These methods may improve the deactivated brain regions of children with DCD and may be useful as conditioning before starting training. Furthermore, we propose a process for sharing the contents of MI with the therapist in language and determining exercise strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Irie
- Cognitive Motor Neuroscience, Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Amiri Matsumoto
- Cognitive Motor Neuroscience, Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shuo Zhao
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Affective and Social Neuroscience, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Toshihiro Kato
- Rehabilitation of Developmental Disorders, Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nan Liang
- Cognitive Motor Neuroscience, Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Dragoumanaki G, Patelarou A, Vorgia P, Sifaki-Pistolla D, Patelarou E. Validation and Translation of the Greek Version of the “DCDDaily-Q-GR” Questionnaire. Health (London) 2021. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2021.1311090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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34
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Mikami M, Hirota T, Takahashi M, Adachi M, Saito M, Koeda S, Yoshida K, Sakamoto Y, Kato S, Nakamura K, Yamada J. Atypical Sensory Processing Profiles and Their Associations With Motor Problems In Preschoolers With Developmental Coordination Disorder. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2021; 52:311-320. [PMID: 32529540 PMCID: PMC7973923 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-020-01013-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to identify sensory processing profiles specific to preschoolers with DCD in a community sample and examine the association of sensory processing problems with motor coordination difficulties in these children. Sixty-three 5-year-old children with DCD and without other neurodevelopmental disorders and 106 age-matched typically developing children participated in this study. Sensory processing problems were assessed using the Sensory Profile. Our results demonstrated problems in wide sensory processing patterns (low registration, sensitivity and avoiding) and areas (auditory, vestibular, touch and oral) in children with DCD compared with typically developing children. Additionally, the association of problems in sensory processing patterns (sensitivity and avoiding) and areas (touch and auditory) with motor coordination difficulties were identified in children with DCD alone. Our findings indicate that sensory processing abnormalities may contribute to the pathophysiology of DCD, suggesting the importance of assessing sensory processing functions in children with DCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misaki Mikami
- grid.257016.70000 0001 0673 6172Department of Comprehensive Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Honcho, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan ,grid.54432.340000 0004 0614 710XResearch Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoya Hirota
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA ,grid.257016.70000 0001 0673 6172Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Michio Takahashi
- grid.257016.70000 0001 0673 6172Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan ,grid.257016.70000 0001 0673 6172Research Center for Child Mental Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Masaki Adachi
- grid.257016.70000 0001 0673 6172Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan ,grid.257016.70000 0001 0673 6172Research Center for Child Mental Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Manabu Saito
- grid.257016.70000 0001 0673 6172Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Shuhei Koeda
- grid.257016.70000 0001 0673 6172Department of Comprehensive Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Honcho, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Yoshida
- grid.257016.70000 0001 0673 6172Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Yui Sakamoto
- grid.257016.70000 0001 0673 6172Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Sumi Kato
- grid.443302.20000 0004 0369 9531Department of Management and Low, Aomori Chuo Gakuin University, Aomori, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakamura
- grid.257016.70000 0001 0673 6172Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan ,grid.257016.70000 0001 0673 6172Research Center for Child Mental Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Junko Yamada
- Department of Comprehensive Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Honcho, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan.
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Grohs MN, Craig BT, Kirton A, Dewey D. Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Motor Function in Children 8-12 Years With Developmental Coordination Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:608131. [PMID: 33362497 PMCID: PMC7759610 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.608131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives: Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental motor disorder occurring in 5-6% of school-aged children. It is suggested that children with DCD show deficits in motor learning. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) enhances motor learning in adults and children but is unstudied in DCD. We aimed to investigate if tDCS, paired with motor skill training, facilitates motor learning in a pediatric sample with DCD. Methods: Twenty-eight children with diagnosed DCD (22 males, mean age: 10.62 ± 1.44 years) were randomized and placed into a treatment or sham group. Anodal tDCS was applied (1 mA, 20 min) in conjunction with fine manual training over 5 consecutive days. Children's motor functioning was assessed with the Purdue Pegboard Test and Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test at baseline, post-intervention and 6 weeks following intervention. Group differences in rates of motor learning and skill transfer/retention were examined using linear mixed modeling and repeated measures ANOVAs, respectively. Results: There were no serious adverse events or drop-outs and procedures were well-tolerated. Independent of group, all participants demonstrated improved motor scores over the 5 training days [F (69.280), p < 0.001, 95% CI (0.152, 0.376)], with no skill decay observed at retention. There was no interaction between intervention group and day [F (2.998), p = 0.086, 95% CI (-0.020, 0.297)]. Conclusion: Children with DCD demonstrate motor learning with long-term retention of acquired skill. Motor cortex tDCS did not enhance motor learning as seen in other populations. Before conclusions of tDCS efficacy can be drawn, additional carefully designed trials with reproducible results are required. Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03453983.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melody N. Grohs
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute (ACHRI), Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Brandon T. Craig
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute (ACHRI), Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute (HBI), University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Adam Kirton
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute (ACHRI), Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute (HBI), University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Deborah Dewey
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute (ACHRI), Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute (HBI), University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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From cerebral palsy to developmental coordination disorder: Development of preclinical rat models corresponding to recent epidemiological changes. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2020; 63:422-430. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Du W, Ke L, Wang Y, Hua J, Duan W, Barnett AL. The prenatal, postnatal, neonatal, and family environmental risk factors for Developmental Coordination Disorder: A study with a national representative sample. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2020; 104:103699. [PMID: 32623045 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2020.103699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of obstetric and environmental influences on Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) helps provide increased understanding of the mechanisms underlying the disorder. However, the literature to date has not adequately examined the obstetric and environmental risk factors for DCD in a population-based sample. The current study was therefore conducted to explore the prenatal, perinatal, neonatal, and family environmental risk factors for DCD. A total of 2185 children aged 3-10 years from a national representative sample in China were included; the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 was used to assess motor function, and a questionnaire was completed by parents. DCD was identified in 156 children according to the DSM-5 criteria. Multilevel logistic regression was used, and comparisons were made between the DCD and non-DCD group. The results confirmed that male sex, BMI score, preterm birth, and some prenatal conditions are significant risk factors for DCD. Parents' education level and one-child status as two significant environmental risk factors for DCD appear largely independent of other risk factors in the Chinese population. This study provides an opportunity to explore the etiology of DCD and suggest potential assessment, monitoring and intervention programs for DCD that could be examined in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchong Du
- Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Burton Street, Nottingham, NG1 1BU, UK.
| | - Li Ke
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Assessment for Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, China
| | - Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijng Normal University, China
| | - Jing Hua
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, China
| | - Wen Duan
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Assessment for Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, China
| | - Anna L Barnett
- Department of Psychology, Health and Professional Development, Oxford Brookes University, UK
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Keinan A, Bar-Shalita T, Portnoy S. An Instrumented Assessment of a Rhythmic Finger Task among Children with Motor Coordination Difficulties. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:s20164554. [PMID: 32823856 PMCID: PMC7472119 DOI: 10.3390/s20164554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coordination is crucial for motor function, yet objective clinical evaluations are limited. We therefore developed and tested the reliability and validity of a low-cost sensorized evaluation of a rhythmic finger task. METHODS Children with coordination difficulties (n = 24) and typically developing children (n = 24) aged from 5 to 7 years performed the Sensorized Finger Sequencing Test (SFST), a finger sequencing test that records the correct sequence, total time, and the standard deviation (SD) of touch time. Additionally, motor performance tests and parents' reports were applied in order to test the reliability and validity of the SFST. RESULTS The study group had significantly greater thumb-finger test scores-total time in the dominant hand (p = 0.035) and the SD of the touch time in both dominant (p = 0.036) and non-dominant (p = 0.032) hands. Motor performance tests were not correlated with the SFST. Test-retest reliability in 10 healthy children was found for the SD of touch time in the dominant hand (r = 0.87, p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS The SFST was successful in assessing the movement pattern variability reported in children with motor difficulties. This exploratory study indicates that the low-cost SFST could be utilized as an objective measure for the assessment of proprioception components, which currently are overlooked by standardized motor performance assessments.
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Adi-Japha E, Brestel G. Motor skill learning with impaired transfer by children with developmental coordination disorder. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2020; 103:103671. [PMID: 32505098 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2020.103671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DSM-5 criteria for developmental coordination disorder (DCD) emphasize deficits in the acquisition and execution of coordinated motor skills. Previous studies of motor skill learning in DCD suggest deficits in the execution of motor skills but do not reveal a deficit in learning new skills, possibly because of the heterogeneity of motor deficits in DCD. AIM In light of the high prevalence of handwriting difficulties among children with DCD, the current study compared motor skill learning in 5-6-year-old children with DCD and their peers using a grapho-motor learning task that resembles a letter-writing practice. METHODS Thirty-two boys, 16 with DCD, learned to produce a new "letter" formed by connecting three dots. Training, following-day consolidation, 1-week post-training retention, and far-transfer to a no-dot condition were tested. RESULTS Children with DCD exhibited rates of learning similar to those of their peers, but with overall poorer performance, replicating previous findings. Contrary to reports of intact skill transfer following a consolidation period in DCD, impaired transfer of the learned symbol was observed. CONCLUSIONS These findings may explain some of the motor difficulties experienced by children with DCD as well as contribute to the discussion on mechanisms involved in skill learning in these children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Adi-Japha
- School of Education, Bar-Ilan University, Israel; The Gonda (Goldschmied) Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Israel.
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Ben Itzhak N, Vancleef K, Franki I, Laenen A, Wagemans J, Ortibus E. Visuoperceptual profiles of children using the Flemish cerebral visual impairment questionnaire. Dev Med Child Neurol 2020; 62:969-976. [PMID: 31889310 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.14448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the underlying factor structure of the 46-item Flemish cerebral visual impairment (CVI) questionnaire, differentiate the factor scores of children with and without CVI, and examine the impact of comorbidities on factor scores. METHOD The records of 630 children (386 males, 244 females; median age 77mo; interquartile range 63-98mo) who visited the CVI clinic and the Centre for Developmental Disabilities at the University Hospitals of Leuven from 2001 to 2018 were reviewed systematically. Inclusion criteria included an up-to-date questionnaire, a definitive diagnosis, and clinical assessment. RESULTS Three hundred and forty-five children (179 with CVI [108 males, 71 females; median age 74mo; interquartile range 61-93mo] and 166 without CVI [110 males, 56 females; median age 88mo; interquartile range 70-107mo]) were included. An exploratory factor analysis resulted in a 5-factor (object and face processing impairments; visual (dis)interest; clutter and distance viewing impairments; moving in space impairments; and anxiety-related behaviours) biologically and clinically plausible model, which retained 35 items and explained 56% of the total variance. Mann-Whitney U tests indicated that factors 1 to 4 were significantly higher in children with CVI compared to children without CVI (p-values ranged from p<0.001 to p<0.05; effect sizes ranged from 0.11 to 0.33); factor 5 showed no differences. Autism, developmental coordination disorder, epilepsy, and cerebral palsy impacted factor scores. INTERPRETATION A 5-factor structure of the Flemish CVI questionnaire differentiates children with and without CVI. Comorbidities should be accounted for when researching CVI. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS Cerebral visual impairment (CVI) is characterized by impaired object and face processing and impaired visual interest. CVI is also characterized by impaired clutter and distance viewing, and impaired moving in space. All children (with or without CVI) demonstrated anxiety-related behaviours. Autism affected object/face processing, whereas developmental coordination disorder, epilepsy, and cerebral palsy affected visual interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nofar Ben Itzhak
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kathleen Vancleef
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Inge Franki
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium
| | - Annouschka Laenen
- Leuven Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics Centre (L-BioStat), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johan Wagemans
- Leuven Brain Institute, Department of Brain and Cognition, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Els Ortibus
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium
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Rinat S, Izadi-Najafabadi S, Zwicker JG. Children with developmental coordination disorder show altered functional connectivity compared to peers. Neuroimage Clin 2020; 27:102309. [PMID: 32590334 PMCID: PMC7320316 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects a child's ability to learn motor skills and participate in self-care, educational, and leisure activities. The cause of DCD is unknown, but evidence suggests that children with DCD have atypical brain structure and function. Resting-state MRI assesses functional connectivity by identifying brain regions that have parallel activation during rest. As only a few studies have examined functional connectivity in this population, our objective was to compare whole-brain resting-state functional connectivity of children with DCD and typically-developing children. Using Independent Component Analysis (ICA), we compared functional connectivity of 8-12 year old children with DCD (N = 35) and typically-developing children (N = 23) across 19 networks, controlling for age and sex. Children with DCD demonstrate altered functional connectivity between the sensorimotor network and the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), precuneus, and the posterior middle temporal gyrus (pMTG) (p < 0.0001). Previous evidence suggests the PCC acts as a link between functionally distinct networks. Our results indicate that ineffective communication between the sensorimotor network and the PCC might play a role in inefficient motor learning seen in DCD. The pMTG acts as hub for action-related information and processing, and its involvement could explain some of the functional difficulties seen in DCD. This study increases our understanding of the neurological differences that characterize this common motor disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shie Rinat
- Graduate Programs in Rehabilitation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Sara Izadi-Najafabadi
- Graduate Programs in Rehabilitation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jill G Zwicker
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Sunny Hill Health Centre for Children, Vancouver, Canada; CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, Hamilton, Canada.
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Delgado-Lobete L, Pértega-Díaz S, Santos-Del-Riego S, Montes-Montes R. Sensory processing patterns in developmental coordination disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and typical development. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2020; 100:103608. [PMID: 32087509 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2020.103608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sensory processing difficulties (SPD) are present in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) and Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). However, little is known about sensory processing variability in these disorders. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to explore SPD among children with DCD, ADHD and co-occurring symptoms in comparison to children with typical development (TD) and to determine how potential social confounders may influence these associations. METHODS The study involved 452 children aged 6-12 years. The Short Sensory Profile-2 was used to assess sensory processing patterns. Multiple linear regressions were utilized to investigate the relationship between DCD, ADHD and co-occurring symptoms and sensory processing patterns, adjusting for social covariates. RESULTS Children with DCD and ADHD symptoms showed greater variability of atypical sensory processing patterns compared with TD children. Low registration and sensory sensibility issues were more prevalent in the DCD group. ADHD children showed higher rates of low registration, sensory sensibility and sensory seeking, and all children in the co-occurring symptoms group presented sensory sensibility. CONCLUSION This study reports significant variability in sensory processing among children with DCD, ADHD and co-occurring symptoms using a population-based sample. These differences can contribute to understand how neurological and social factors correlates across diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Delgado-Lobete
- University of A Coruña, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of A Coruña, Campus de Oza S/N, A Coruña, Spain.
| | - Sonia Pértega-Díaz
- University of A Coruña, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of A Coruña, Campus de Oza S/N, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Sergio Santos-Del-Riego
- University of A Coruña, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of A Coruña, Campus de Oza S/N, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Rebeca Montes-Montes
- University of A Coruña, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of A Coruña, Campus de Oza S/N, A Coruña, Spain
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Poletti M, Tortorella A, Raballo A. Impaired Corollary Discharge in Psychosis and At-Risk States: Integrating Neurodevelopmental, Phenomenological, and Clinical Perspectives. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY: COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2019; 4:832-841. [PMID: 31262709 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The brain is increasingly viewed in contemporary neuroscience as a predictive machine; its products, such as movements and decisions, are indeed accompanied by predictions of outcomes at distinct levels of awareness. In this conceptual review, we focus on corollary discharge, a basic neurophysiological mechanism that is allegedly involved in sensory prediction and contributes to the distinction between self-generated and externally generated actions. Failures in corollary discharge have been hypothesized as potentially relevant for the progressive development of positive psychotic symptoms such as passivity delusions and auditory verbal hallucinations. We articulate this framework adopting three confocal lenses, namely, the neurodevelopmental, phenomenological, and clinical perspectives. Converging evidence from these research domains indicates a possible developmental cascade leading to increased lifetime risk of psychosis. That is, early childhood alterations of corollary discharge mechanisms, endophenotypically expressed in motor impairment, may concur with a progressive fading of the feeling of self-agency on one's own experiences. Combined with other age-dependent situational challenges occurring along development, this may progressively hamper the ontogenesis of the embodied self, thereby facilitating the emergence of anomalous subjective experiences such as self-disorders (a longitudinal index of schizophrenia spectrum vulnerability) and broadly conceived clinical high-risk states. Overall, this condition increases the risk of developing passivity symptoms, phenotypically expressed in a severity gradient ranging from intrusive thoughts to passivity delusions and auditory verbal hallucinations. Empirical and clinical implications of this framework, as well as future scenarios, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Poletti
- Department of Mental Health, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCSS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Alfonso Tortorella
- Department of Medicine, Division of Psychiatry, Clinical Psychology and Rehabilitation, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Andrea Raballo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Psychiatry, Clinical Psychology and Rehabilitation, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy; Center for Translational, Phenomenological and Developmental Psychopathology, Perugia University Hospital, Perugia, Italy.
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Pila-Nemutandani RG, Pillay BJ, Meyer A. Gender and hand dominance on fine motor skills among Grade 1–7 learners with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/0081246319846076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Children diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder encounter difficulties in many activities in their daily lives that require motor coordination skills. The aim of this study was to establish whether children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder have deficits in fine motor skills. Eighty male and female learners diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder matched with 80 non-attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder from the North West and Limpopo provinces (South Africa), aged 7–13 years, participated in the study. All participants completed the grooved pegboard test, the maze coordination task, and the finger tapping test. These instruments measure various functions of motor speed and eye–hand coordination. The findings reveal that children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder performed significantly poorer than the control group with regard to the grooved pegboard and maze coordination tasks, but not with the finger tapping task. There were no gender differences in all the tests. Performance on the maze coordination task with the non-dominant hand was poorer for the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder group with regard to the time taken to complete the task. However, no hand dominance differences were found on the grooved pegboard and finger tapping tests. The study revealed a relationship between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptomatology and motor problems with regard to complex tasks of accuracy, but not on a simple task of motor speed. It is, therefore, recommended that since children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder show motor deficiencies, motor skill training should be considered as part of the intervention, as these skills are needed for many daily activities and academic competencies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Basil Joseph Pillay
- Department of Behavioural Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Anneke Meyer
- Department of Behavioural Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
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Neurophysiological Approaches to Understanding Motor Control in DCD: Current Trends and Future Directions. CURRENT DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40474-019-00161-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Amemiya K, Morita T, Saito DN, Ban M, Shimada K, Okamoto Y, Kosaka H, Okazawa H, Asada M, Naito E. Local-to-distant development of the cerebrocerebellar sensorimotor network in the typically developing human brain: a functional and diffusion MRI study. Brain Struct Funct 2019; 224:1359-1375. [PMID: 30729998 PMCID: PMC6499876 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-018-01821-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Sensorimotor function is a fundamental brain function in humans, and the cerebrocerebellar circuit is essential to this function. In this study, we demonstrate how the cerebrocerebellar circuit develops both functionally and anatomically from childhood to adulthood in the typically developing human brain. We measured brain activity using functional magnetic resonance imaging while a total of 57 right-handed, blindfolded, healthy children (aged 8-11 years), adolescents (aged 12-15 years), and young adults (aged 18-23 years) (n = 19 per group) performed alternating extension-flexion movements of their right wrists in precise synchronization with 1-Hz audio tones. We also collected their diffusion MR images to examine the extent of fiber maturity in cerebrocerebellar afferent and efferent tracts by evaluating the anisotropy-sensitive index of hindrance modulated orientational anisotropy (HMOA). During the motor task, although the ipsilateral cerebellum and the contralateral primary sensorimotor cortices were consistently activated across all age groups, the functional connectivity between these two distant regions was stronger in adults than in children and adolescents, whereas connectivity within the local cerebellum was stronger in children and adolescents than in adults. The HMOA values in cerebrocerebellar afferent and efferent tracts were higher in adults than in children (some were also higher than in adolescents). The results indicate that adult-like cerebrocerebellar functional coupling is not completely achieved during childhood and adolescence, even for fundamental sensorimotor brain function, probably due to anatomical immaturity of cerebrocerebellar tracts. This study clearly demonstrated the principle of "local-to-distant" development of functional brain networks in the human cerebrocerebellar sensorimotor network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaoru Amemiya
- Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), 1-4 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomoyo Morita
- Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), 1-4 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Daisuke N Saito
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-shimoaizuki, Eiheiji, Yoshida, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
- Biomedical Imaging Research Center, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-shimoaizuki, Eiheiji, Yoshida, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Midori Ban
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Koji Shimada
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-shimoaizuki, Eiheiji, Yoshida, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
- Biomedical Imaging Research Center, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-shimoaizuki, Eiheiji, Yoshida, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
| | - Yuko Okamoto
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-shimoaizuki, Eiheiji, Yoshida, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
- ATR Promotions, 2-2 Hikaridai, Seika, Soraku-gun, Kyoto, 619-0288, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Kosaka
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-shimoaizuki, Eiheiji, Yoshida, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
- Biomedical Imaging Research Center, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-shimoaizuki, Eiheiji, Yoshida, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-shimoaizuki, Eiheiji, Yoshida, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
| | - Hidehiko Okazawa
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-shimoaizuki, Eiheiji, Yoshida, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
- Biomedical Imaging Research Center, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-shimoaizuki, Eiheiji, Yoshida, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
| | - Minoru Asada
- Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), 1-4 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Eiichi Naito
- Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), 1-4 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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Poletti M, Gebhardt E, Kvande MN, Ford J, Raballo A. Motor Impairment and Developmental Psychotic Risk: Connecting the Dots and Narrowing the Pathophysiological Gap. Schizophr Bull 2019; 45:503-508. [PMID: 30007369 PMCID: PMC6483583 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sby100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The motor system in its manifold articulations is receiving increasing clinical and research attention. This is because motor impairments constitute a central, expressive component of the mental state examination and a key transdiagnostic feature indexing disease severity. Furthermore, within the schizophrenia spectrum, the integration of neurophysiological, developmental, and phenomenological perspectives suggests that motor impairment is not simply a generic, extrinsic proxy of an altered neurodevelopment, but might be more intimately related to psychotic risk. Therefore, an increased understanding, conceptualization, and knowledge of such motor system and its anomalies could empower contemporary risk prediction and diagnostic procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Poletti
- Department of Mental Health, Reggio Emilia Local Health Trust, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Eva Gebhardt
- Cmed Polyspecialistic Diagnostic and Therapeutic Centre, Rome, Italy
| | - Marianne N Kvande
- Department of Psychology, Psychopathology and development Research Unit, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Judith Ford
- Psychiatry Service (116D), San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA,Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Andrea Raballo
- Department of Psychology, Psychopathology and development Research Unit, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway,Department of Medicine, Division of Psychiatry, Clinical Psychology and Rehabilitation, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy,To whom correspondence should be addressed; Piazzale Lucio Severi 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy, tel: +390755784100, e-mail:
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Kilroy E, Cermak SA, Aziz-Zadeh L. A Review of Functional and Structural Neurobiology of the Action Observation Network in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Developmental Coordination Disorder. Brain Sci 2019; 9:E75. [PMID: 30925819 PMCID: PMC6523237 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci9040075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent research has reported motor impairment similarities between children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and a subgroup of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, there is a debate as to whether DCD is a co-occurring diagnosis in individuals with ASD and motor impairments (ASDd), or if motor impairments in ASD are distinct from DCD. However, the etiology of motor impairments is not well understood in either disorder. Clarifying comorbidities in ASD is important to determine different etiopathological phenotyping clusters in ASD and to understand the variety of genetic and environmental factors that contribute to the disorder. Furthermore, this distinction has important therapeutic relevance. Here we explore the current neuroimaging findings in ASD and DCD and discusses possible neural mechanisms that underlie similarities and differences between the disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Kilroy
- Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
- Brain and Creativity Institute, University Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
| | - Sharon A Cermak
- Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
| | - Lisa Aziz-Zadeh
- Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
- Brain and Creativity Institute, University Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
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49
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Delgado-Lobete L, Santos-Del-Riego S, Pértega-Díaz S, Montes-Montes R. Prevalence of suspected developmental coordination disorder and associated factors in Spanish classrooms. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2019; 86:31-40. [PMID: 30654220 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a multifactorial, neurodevelopmental motor disorder that severely affects the activities of a child's daily life and classroom performance. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of suspected DCD in a sample of Spanish schoolchildren and its association with socio-demographic factors. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study including a random sample of 460 children attending mainstream schools in northwest Spain in 2017. A Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire-European Spanish was used to evaluate suspected DCD prevalence. We performed multivariate logistic and linear regression analysis to determine the socio-demographic variables associated with suspected DCD and problematic motor coordination performance. RESULTS The prevalence of suspected DCD was 12.2%. According to the multivariate analysis, DCD symptoms were significantly associated with males (OR = 3.0), ages above 10 years old (OR = 5.0) and low participation in out-of-school physical activities (OR = 2.3). Preterm birth children were twice as likely to show suspected DCD, although this association was not statistically significant (OR = 2.1). CONCLUSIONS A high percentage of Spanish schoolchildren are at risk for developing DCD. There is a strong connection between suspected DCD and socio-demographic factors. Protocols aimed to detect DCD and intervention programmes in classrooms designed to promote motor coordination skills need to take these factors into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Delgado-Lobete
- University of A Coruña, Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus de Oza S/N, A Coruña, Spain.
| | | | - Sonia Pértega-Díaz
- University of A Coruña, Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus de Oza S/N, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Rebeca Montes-Montes
- University of A Coruña, Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus de Oza S/N, A Coruña, Spain
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50
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Niklasson M, Rasmussen P, Niklasson I, Norlander T. Developmental Coordination Disorder: The Importance of Grounded Assessments and Interventions. Front Psychol 2018; 9:2409. [PMID: 30564173 PMCID: PMC6288430 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This focused review is based on earlier studies which have shown that both children and adults diagnosed as having developmental coordination disorder (DCD), benefited from sensorimotor therapy according to the method Retraining for Balance (RB). Different approaches and assessments for children and adults in regard to DCD are scrutinized and discussed in comparison to RB which mainly includes (a) vestibular assessment and stimulation (b) assessment and integration of aberrant primary reflexes and (c) assessment and stimulation of auditory and visual perception. Earlier results indicate that the process of Sensorimotor therapy using RB techniques could be described according to a conceptual Kinesthetic-Vestibular Developmental Model (KVDM) whereby the training elicited temporary physical and psychological regressions followed by transformations i.e., positive physical and psychological development. We have also seen that this recurring pattern is similar for children and adults. In our conceptual model vestibular stimulation (perceptual priming) stimulates the nervous system, which might enhance object-related priming. This perceptual priming will also assist the suppression of persistent aberrant primary reflexes. In order to develop effective methods for assessment and intervention of DCD over the life span the importance of primary reflex inhibition and vestibular stimulation as well as a combination of bottom-up and top-down approaches have to be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mats Niklasson
- Center for Research and Development, Evidens University College, Göteborg, Sweden
- Center for Sensorimotor Research, Vestibularis Clinic, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Peder Rasmussen
- Center for Sensorimotor Research, Vestibularis Clinic, Kalmar, Sweden
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Institute of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Irene Niklasson
- Center for Research and Development, Evidens University College, Göteborg, Sweden
- Center for Sensorimotor Research, Vestibularis Clinic, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Torsten Norlander
- Center for Research and Development, Evidens University College, Göteborg, Sweden
- Center for Sensorimotor Research, Vestibularis Clinic, Kalmar, Sweden
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