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Knippenberg N, Lowdon JW, Frigoli M, Cleij TJ, Eersels K, van Grinsven B, Diliën H. Development towards a novel screening method for nipecotic acid bioisosteres using molecular imprinted polymers (MIPs) as alternative to in vitro cellular uptake assays. Talanta 2024; 278:126500. [PMID: 38991407 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Impaired expression of GABA transporters (GATs) is closely related to the pathogenesis of among others Parkinson's disease and epilepsy. As such, lipophilic nipecotic acid analogs have been extensively studied as GAT1-addressing drugs and radioligands but suffer from limited brain uptake due to the zwitterionic properties of the nipecotic acid moiety. Bioisosteric replacement of the carboxylic acid group is a promising strategy to improve the brain uptake, though it requires knowledge on the binding of these isosteres to GAT1. To screen nipecotic acid isosteres for their affinity to GAT1 in a time- and cost-effective manner, this research aims to develop a molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) that mimics the natural binding site of GAT1 and can act as an alternative screening tool to the current radiometric and mass spectrometry cellular-based assays. To this end, a nipecotic acid MIP was created using the electropolymerization of ortho-phenylenediamine (oPD) by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The optimization of the generated receptor layer was achieved by varying the scan rate (50-250 mV/s) and number of CV cycles (5-12), yielding an optimized MIP with an average imprinting factor of 2.6, a linear range of 1-1000 nm, and a theoretical LOD of 0.05 nm, as analyzed by electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Selectivity studies facilitated the investigation of major binding interactions between the MIP and the substrate, building an experimental model that compares characteristics of various analogs. Results from this model indicate that the substrate carboxylic acid group plays a more important role in binding than an amine group, after comparing the binding of cyclohexanecarboxylic acid (average IF of 1.7) and piperidine (average IF of 0.46). The research culminates in a discussion regarding the feasibility of the in vitro model, comparing the synthetic system against the biological performance of GAT1. Thus, evaluating if it is possible to generate a synthetic GAT1 mimic, and if so, provide directions for follow-up research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Knippenberg
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Joseph W Lowdon
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Margaux Frigoli
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas J Cleij
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Kasper Eersels
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Bart van Grinsven
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Hanne Diliën
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Fernandes E Mendonça LM, Joshi AB, Bhandarkar A, Shaikh S, Fernandes S, Joshi H, Joshi S. Potential anxiolytic therapeutics from Hybanthus enneaspermus (L.) F. Muell. - mitigate anxiety by plausibly modulating the GABA A-Cl - channel. Neurochem Int 2024; 178:105804. [PMID: 39002759 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Anxiety is a commonly prevailing psychological disorder that requires effective treatment, wherein phytopharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals could offer a desirable therapeutic profile. Hybanthus enneaspermus (L.) F. Muell. is a powerful medicinal herb, reportedly effective against several ailments, including psychological disorders. The current research envisaged evaluating the anxiolytic potential of the ethanolic extract of Hybanthus enneaspermus (EEHE) and its toluene insoluble biofraction (ITHE) employing experimental and computational approaches. Elevated Plus Maze, Light and Dark Transition, Mirror Chamber, Hole board and Open field tests were used as screening models to assess the antianxiety potential of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight of EEHE and ITHE in rats subjected to social isolation, using Diazepam as standard. The brains of rats exhibiting significant anxiolytic activity were dissected for histopathological and biochemical studies. Antioxidant enzymes like catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase; and neurotransmitters viz. monoamines (serotonin, noradrenaline, dopamine), Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and glutamate were quantified in the different regions of rats' brain (cortex, hippocampus, pons, medulla oblongata, cerebellum). Chromatographic techniques were used to isolate phytoconstituents from the fraction exhibiting significant activity that were characterized by spectroscopic methods and subjected to in silico molecular docking. ITHE at 400 mg/kg body weight significantly mitigated anxiety in all the screening models (p < 0.05), reduced the inflammatory vacuoles and necrosis (p < 0.05) and potentiated the antioxidant enzymes (p < 0.05). It enhanced the monoamines and GABA levels while attenuating glutamate levels (p < 0.01) in the brain. Three significant flavonoids viz. Quercitrin, Rutin and Hesperidin were isolated from ITHE. In silico docking studies of these flavonoids revealed that the compounds exhibited substantial binding to the GABAA receptor. ITHE displayed a promising pharmacological profile in combating anxiety and modulating oxidative stress, attributing its therapeutic virtues to the flavonoids present.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arun Bhimrao Joshi
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Goa College of Pharmacy, 18th June Road, Panaji, Goa, 403001, India.
| | - Anant Bhandarkar
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Goa College of Pharmacy, 18th June Road, Panaji, Goa, 403001, India.
| | - Shamshad Shaikh
- School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Goa University, Taleigao Plateau, Taleigao, Goa, 403206, India.
| | - Samantha Fernandes
- School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Goa University, Taleigao Plateau, Taleigao, Goa, 403206, India.
| | - Himanshu Joshi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Bhimtal Campus, Uttarakhand, 263156, India.
| | - Shrinivas Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, S.E.T.'s College of Pharmacy, Sangolli Rayanna Nagar, Dharwad, Karnataka, 580002, India.
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Qu J, Qu Y, Zhu R, Wu Y, Xu G, Wang D. Transcriptional expression patterns of the cortical morphometric similarity network in progressive supranuclear palsy. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14901. [PMID: 39097922 PMCID: PMC11298202 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been demonstrated that progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) correlates with structural abnormalities in several distinct regions of the brain. However, whether there are changes in the morphological similarity network (MSN) and the relationship between changes in brain structure and gene expression remain largely unknown. METHODS We used two independent cohorts (discovery dataset: PSP: 51, healthy controls (HC): 82; replication dataset: PSP: 53, HC: 55) for MSN analysis and comparing the longitudinal changes in the MSN of PSP. Then, we applied partial least squares regression to determine the relationships between changes in MSN and spatial transcriptional features and identified specific genes associated with MSN differences in PSP. We further investigated the biological processes enriched in PSP-associated genes and the cellular characteristics of these genes, and finally, we performed an exploratory analysis of the relationship between MSN changes and neurotransmitter receptors. RESULTS We found that the MSN in PSP patients was mainly decreased in the frontal and temporal cortex but increased in the occipital cortical region. This difference is replicable. In longitudinal studies, MSN differences are mainly manifested in the frontal and parietal regions. Furthermore, the expression pattern associated with MSN changes in PSP involves genes implicated in astrocytes and excitatory and inhibitory neurons and is functionally enriched in neuron-specific biological processes related to synaptic signaling. Finally, we found that the changes in MSN were mainly negatively correlated with the levels of serotonin, norepinephrine, and opioid receptors. CONCLUSIONS These results have enhanced our understanding of the microscale genetic and cellular mechanisms responsible for large-scale morphological abnormalities in PSP patients, suggesting potential targets for future therapeutic trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Qu
- Department of RadiologyQilu Hospital of Shandong University, Qilu Medical Imaging Institute of Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Yancai Qu
- Department of NeurosurgeryTraditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Muping DistrictYantaiChina
| | - Rui Zhu
- Department of RadiologyQilu Hospital of Shandong University, Qilu Medical Imaging Institute of Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Yongsheng Wu
- Department of RadiologyQilu Hospital of Shandong University, Qilu Medical Imaging Institute of Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Guihua Xu
- Department of RadiologyQilu Hospital of Shandong University, Qilu Medical Imaging Institute of Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Dawei Wang
- Department of RadiologyQilu Hospital of Shandong University, Qilu Medical Imaging Institute of Shandong UniversityJinanChina
- Magnetic Field‐free Medicine & Functional ImagingResearch Institute of Shandong UniversityJinanChina
- Magnetic Field‐free Medicine & Functional Imaging (MF)Shandong Key LaboratoryJinanChina
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Johnston GAR, Beart PM. Milestone review: GABA, from chemistry, conformations, ionotropic receptors, modulators, epilepsy, flavonoids, and stress to neuro-nutraceuticals. J Neurochem 2024; 168:1179-1192. [PMID: 38383146 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Arising out of a PhD project more than 50 years ago to synthesise analogues of the neurotransmitter GABA, a series of new chemical entities were found to have selective actions on ionotropic GABA receptors. Several of these neurochemicals are now commercially available. A new subtype of these receptors was discovered that could be a target for the treatment of myopia, the facilitation of learning and memory, and the improvement of post-stroke motor recovery. The development of these new chemical entities over many years demonstrates the importance of neurochemicals with which to investigate selective aspects of GABA receptors and illustrates the significance of collaboration between chemists and biologists in neurochemistry. Vital were the improvements in synthetic organic chemistry and the use of functional human receptors expressed in oocytes. Current interest in ionotropic GABA receptors includes the clinical development of subtype-specific agents and the role of gain-of-function receptor variants in epilepsy. Dietary flavonoids were found to cross the blood-brain barrier to influence brain function. Natural and synthetic flavonoids had a range of effects on GABA receptors, ranging from positive, silent, and negative allosteric modulators, to even second-order modulation of first-order modulators. Flavonoids have been called "a new family of benzodiazepines." Like benzodiazepines, flavonoids reduce stress. Stress produces changes in GABA receptors in the brain that may be because of changes in endogenous modulators, such as neurosteroids and corticosteroids. GABA also occurs naturally in the diet leading to studies of the effects of oral GABA on brain function. This finding has resulted in studies of GABA and related neurochemicals as neuro-nutraceuticals. GABA systems in the gut microbiome are essential to such studies. The actions of oral GABA and of GABA-enriched beverages and foodstuffs are now an area of considerable scientific and commercial interest. GABA is a deceptively simple chemical that can take up many shapes, which may underlie its complex functions. The need for new chemical entities with selective actions for further studies highlights the need for continuing collaboration between chemists and biologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham A R Johnston
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Pharmacology, Sydney Pharmacy School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Philip M Beart
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Bhatt M, Lazzarin E, Alberto-Silva AS, Domingo G, Zerlotti R, Gradisch R, Bazzone A, Sitte HH, Stockner T, Bossi E. Unveiling the crucial role of betaine: modulation of GABA homeostasis via SLC6A1 transporter (GAT1). Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:269. [PMID: 38884791 PMCID: PMC11335192 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05309-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Betaine is an endogenous osmolyte that exhibits therapeutic potential by mitigating various neurological disorders. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for its neuroprotective effects remain puzzling.In this study, we describe a possible mechanism behind the positive impact of betaine in preserving neurons from excitotoxicity. Here we demonstrate that betaine at low concentration modulates the GABA uptake by GAT1 (slc6a1), the predominant GABA transporter in the central nervous system. This modulation occurs through the temporal inhibition of the transporter, wherein prolonged occupancy by betaine impedes the swift transition of the transporter to the inward conformation. Importantly, the modulatory effect of betaine on GAT1 is reversible, as the blocking of GAT1 disappears with increased extracellular GABA. Using electrophysiology, mass spectroscopy, radiolabelled cellular assay, and molecular dynamics simulation we demonstrate that betaine has a dual role in GAT1: at mM concentration acts as a slow substrate, and at µM as a temporal blocker of GABA, when it is below its K0.5. Given this unique modulatory characteristic and lack of any harmful side effects, betaine emerges as a promising neuromodulator of the inhibitory pathways improving GABA homeostasis via GAT1, thereby conferring neuroprotection against excitotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manan Bhatt
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Insubria, Via J. H. Dunant 3, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Erika Lazzarin
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ana Sofia Alberto-Silva
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Guido Domingo
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Insubria, Via J. H. Dunant 3, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Rocco Zerlotti
- Nanion Technologies GmbH, Ganghoferstr. 70a, 80339, Munich, Germany
| | - Ralph Gradisch
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andre Bazzone
- Nanion Technologies GmbH, Ganghoferstr. 70a, 80339, Munich, Germany
| | - Harald H Sitte
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, 19328, Jordan
- Center for Addiction Research and Science, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Stockner
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elena Bossi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Insubria, Via J. H. Dunant 3, 21100, Varese, Italy.
- Centre for Neuroscience, University of Insubria, 21100, Varese, Italy.
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Mahdavi K, Zendehdel M, Zarei H. The role of central neurotransmitters in appetite regulation of broilers and layers: similarities and differences. Vet Res Commun 2024; 48:1313-1328. [PMID: 38286893 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-024-10312-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
The importance of feeding as a vital physiological function, on the one hand, and the spread of complications induced by its disorder in humans and animals, on the other hand, have led to extensive research on its regulatory factors. Unfortunately, despite many studies focused on appetite, only limited experiments have been conducted on avian, and our knowledge of this species is scant. Considering this, the purpose of this review article is to examine the role of central neurotransmitters in regulating food consumption in broilers and layers and highlight the similarities and differences between these two strains. The methodology of this review study includes a comprehensive search of relevant literature on the topic using appropriate keywords in reliable electronic databases. Based on the findings, the central effect of most neurotransmitters on the feeding of broilers and laying chickens was similar, but in some cases, such as dopamine, ghrelin, nitric oxide, and agouti-related peptide, differences were observed. Also, the lack of conducting a study on the role of some neurotransmitters in one of the bird strains made it impossible to make an exact comparison. Finally, it seems that although there are general similarities in appetite regulatory mechanisms in meat and egg-type chickens, the long-term genetic selection appropriate to breeding goals (meat or egg production) has caused differences in the effect of some neurotransmitters. Undoubtedly, conducting future studies while completing the missing links can lead to a comprehensive understanding of this process and its manipulation according to the breeding purposes of chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimia Mahdavi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, 14155-6453, Iran
| | - Morteza Zendehdel
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, 14155-6453, Iran.
| | - Hamed Zarei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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7
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Tang H, Zhang K, Zhang C, Zheng K, Gui L, Yan B. Bioinformatics-based identification of key candidate genes and signaling pathways in patients with Parkinson's disease and obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep Breath 2024; 28:1477-1489. [PMID: 38316731 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-024-03003-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Existing evidence exhibits that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a potential consequence of Parkinson's disease (PD) or a contributor to PD progression. This investigation aimed to detect potential critical genes and molecular mechanisms underlying interactions between PD and OSA through bioinformatics analyses. METHODS The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was employed to obtain the expression profiles GSE20163 and GSE135917. The identification of common genes connected to PD and OSA was performed utilizing weighted gene co-expression network analysis and the R 4.0.4 program. The Cytoscape program was utilized to generate a network of protein-protein interactions (PPI), and the CytoHubba plugin was utilized to detect hub genes. Subsequently, functional enrichment analyses of the hub genes were conducted. Markers with increased diagnostic values for PD and OSA were confirmed using the GEO datasets GSE8397 and GSE38792. RESULTS Typically, 57 genes that are common were identified in PD and OSA. Among these common genes, the top 10 hub genes in the PPI network were chosen. The verified datasets confirmed the presence of three important genes: CADPS, CHGA, and SCG3. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that these hub genes mostly participate in GABAergic synapses. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that CADPS, CHGA, and SCG3 are key genes involved in molecular mechanisms underlying interactions between OSA and PD. Functional enrichment of hub genes indicated a link between GABAergic synapses and the shared pathogenesis of PD and OSA. These candidate genes and corresponding pathways offer novel insights regarding biological targets that underlie the transcriptional connection between OSA and PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Tang
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Kejia Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Kai Zheng
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Luying Gui
- Department of Mathematics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Yan
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China.
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China.
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8
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Asim M, Wang H, Waris A, Qianqian G, Chen X. Cholecystokinin neurotransmission in the central nervous system: Insights into its role in health and disease. Biofactors 2024. [PMID: 38777339 DOI: 10.1002/biof.2081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Cholecystokinin (CCK) plays a key role in various brain functions, including both health and disease states. Despite the extensive research conducted on CCK, there remain several important questions regarding its specific role in the brain. As a result, the existing body of literature on the subject is complex and sometimes conflicting. The primary objective of this review article is to provide a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in understanding the central nervous system role of CCK, with a specific emphasis on elucidating CCK's mechanisms for neuroplasticity, exploring its interactions with other neurotransmitters, and discussing its significant involvement in neurological disorders. Studies demonstrate that CCK mediates both inhibitory long-term potentiation (iLTP) and excitatory long-term potentiation (eLTP) in the brain. Activation of the GPR173 receptor could facilitate iLTP, while the Cholecystokinin B receptor (CCKBR) facilitates eLTP. CCK receptors' expression on different neurons regulates activity, neurotransmitter release, and plasticity, emphasizing CCK's role in modulating brain function. Furthermore, CCK plays a pivotal role in modulating emotional states, Alzheimer's disease, addiction, schizophrenia, and epileptic conditions. Targeting CCK cell types and circuits holds promise as a therapeutic strategy for alleviating these brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Asim
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
- Department of Biomedical Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Pak Shek Kok, Hong Kong
| | - Huajie Wang
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Abdul Waris
- Department of Biomedical Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Gao Qianqian
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
- Department of Biomedical Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Pak Shek Kok, Hong Kong
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Mota B, Brás AR, Araújo-Andrade L, Silva A, Pereira PA, Madeira MD, Cardoso A. High-Caloric Diets in Adolescence Impair Specific GABAergic Subpopulations, Neurogenesis, and Alter Astrocyte Morphology. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5524. [PMID: 38791562 PMCID: PMC11122083 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
We compared the effects of two different high-caloric diets administered to 4-week-old rats for 12 weeks: a diet rich in sugar (30% sucrose) and a cafeteria diet rich in sugar and high-fat foods. We focused on the hippocampus, particularly on the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic system, including the Ca2+-binding proteins parvalbumin (PV), calretinin (CR), calbindin (CB), and the neuropeptides somatostatin (SST) and neuropeptide Y (NPY). We also analyzed the density of cholinergic varicosities, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), reelin (RELN), and cyclin-dependent kinase-5 (CDK-5) mRNA levels, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression. The cafeteria diet reduced PV-positive neurons in the granular layer, hilus, and CA1, as well as NPY-positive neurons in the hilus, without altering other GABAergic populations or overall GABA levels. The high-sugar diet induced a decrease in the number of PV-positive cells in CA3 and an increase in CB-positive cells in the hilus and CA1. No alterations were observed in the cholinergic varicosities. The cafeteria diet also reduced the relative mRNA expression of RELN without significant changes in BDNF and CDK5 levels. The cafeteria diet increased the number but reduced the length of the astrocyte processes. These data highlight the significance of determining the mechanisms mediating the observed effects of these diets and imply that the cognitive impairments previously found might be related to both the neuroinflammation process and the reduction in PV, NPY, and RELN expression in the hippocampal formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Mota
- Unit of Anatomy, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (B.M.)
- NeuroGen Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Dr. Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Brás
- Unit of Anatomy, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (B.M.)
| | - Leonardo Araújo-Andrade
- Unit of Anatomy, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (B.M.)
- NeuroGen Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Dr. Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Silva
- Unit of Anatomy, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (B.M.)
- NeuroGen Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Dr. Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro A. Pereira
- Unit of Anatomy, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (B.M.)
- NeuroGen Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Dr. Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - M. Dulce Madeira
- Unit of Anatomy, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (B.M.)
- NeuroGen Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Dr. Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Armando Cardoso
- Unit of Anatomy, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (B.M.)
- NeuroGen Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Dr. Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
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10
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Sharma M, Pal P, Gupta SK. The neurotransmitter puzzle of Alzheimer's: Dissecting mechanisms and exploring therapeutic horizons. Brain Res 2024; 1829:148797. [PMID: 38342422 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) represents a complex interplay of neurological pathways and molecular mechanisms, with significant impacts on patients' lives. This review synthesizes the latest developments in AD research, focusing on both the scientific advancements and their clinical implications. We examine the role of microglia in AD, highlighting their contribution to the disease's inflammatory aspects. The cholinergic hypothesis, a cornerstone of AD research, is re-evaluated, including the role of Alpha-7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in disease progression. This review places particular emphasis on the neurotransmission systems, exploring the therapeutic potential of GABAergic neurotransmitters and the role of NMDA inhibitors in the context of glutamatergic neurotransmission. By analyzing the interactions and implications of neurotransmitter pathways in AD, we aim to shed light on emerging therapeutic strategies. In addition to molecular insights, the review addresses the clinical and personal aspects of AD, underscoring the need for patient-centered approaches in treatment and care. The final section looks at the future directions of AD research and treatment, discussing the integration of scientific innovation with patient care. This review aims to provide a comprehensive update on AD, merging scientific insights with practical considerations, suitable for both specialists and those new to the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Sharma
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pankaj Pal
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sukesh Kumar Gupta
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, USA.
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11
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Han S, Wang J, Zhang W, Tian X. Chronic Pain-Related Cognitive Deficits: Preclinical Insights into Molecular, Cellular, and Circuit Mechanisms. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04073-z. [PMID: 38470516 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04073-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is a common comorbidity of chronic pain, significantly disrupting patients' quality of life. Despite this comorbidity being clinically recognized, the underlying neuropathological mechanisms remain unclear. Recent preclinical studies have focused on the fundamental mechanisms underlying the coexistence of chronic pain and cognitive decline. Pain chronification is accompanied by structural and functional changes in the neural substrate of cognition. Based on the developments in electrophysiology and optogenetics/chemogenetics, we summarized the relevant neural circuits involved in pain-induced cognitive impairment, as well as changes in connectivity and function in brain regions. We then present the cellular and molecular alternations related to pain-induced cognitive impairment in preclinical studies, mainly including modifications in neuronal excitability and structure, synaptic plasticity, glial cells and cytokines, neurotransmitters and other neurochemicals, and the gut-brain axis. Finally, we also discussed the potential treatment strategies and future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Xuebi Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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12
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Li B, Deng S, Jiang H, Zhu W, Zhuo B, Du Y, Meng Z. The mechanistic effects of acupuncture in rodent neurodegenerative disease models: a literature review. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1323555. [PMID: 38500484 PMCID: PMC10944972 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1323555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases refer to a battery of medical conditions that affect the survival and function of neurons in the brain, which are mainly presented with progressive loss of cognitive and/or motor function. Acupuncture showed benign effects in improving neurological deficits, especially on movement and cognitive function impairment. Here, we reviewed the therapeutic mechanisms of acupuncture at the neural circuit level in movement and cognition disorders, summarizing the influence of acupuncture in the dopaminergic system, glutamatergic system, γ-amino butyric acid-ergic (GABAergic) system, serotonergic system, cholinergic system, and glial cells at the circuit and synaptic levels. These findings can provide targets for clinical treatment and perspectives for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boxuan Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shizhe Deng
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hailun Jiang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Weiming Zhu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Bifang Zhuo
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuzheng Du
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhihong Meng
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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13
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Wang Y, Xiao Y, Xing Y, Yu M, Wang X, Ren J, Liu W, Zhong Y. Morphometric similarity differences in drug-naive Parkinson's disease correlate with transcriptomic signatures. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14680. [PMID: 38529533 PMCID: PMC10964038 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differences in cortical morphology have been reported in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the pathophysiological mechanism of transcriptomic vulnerability in local brain regions remains unclear. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to characterize the morphometric changes of brain regions in early drug-naive PD patients and uncover the brain-wide gene expression correlates. METHODS The morphometric similarity (MS) network analysis was used to quantify the interregional structural similarity from multiple magnetic resonance imaging anatomical indices measured in each brain region of 170 early drug-naive PD patients and 123 controls. Then, we applied partial least squares regression to determine the relationship between regional changes in MS and spatial transcriptional signatures from the Allen Human Brain Atlas dataset, and identified the specific genes related to MS differences in PD. We further investigated the biological processes by which the PD-related genes were enriched and the cellular characterization of these genes. RESULTS Our results showed that MS was mainly decreased in cingulate, frontal, and temporal cortical areas and increased in parietal and occipital cortical areas in early drug-naive PD patients. In addition, genes whose expression patterns were associated with regional MS changes in PD were involved in astrocytes, excitatory, and inhibitory neurons and were functionally enriched in neuron-specific biological processes related to trans-synaptic signaling and nervous system development. CONCLUSIONS These findings advance our understanding of the microscale genetic and cellular mechanisms driving macroscale morphological abnormalities in early drug-naive PD patients and provide potential targets for future therapeutic trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Wang
- Department of NeurologyThe Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
- Department of NeurologyThe First People's Hospital of YanchengYanchengChina
| | - Yiwen Xiao
- School of PsychologyNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yi Xing
- Department of NeurologyThe Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of NeurologyThe Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of RadiologyThe Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jingru Ren
- Department of NeurologyThe Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Weiguo Liu
- Department of NeurologyThe Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yuan Zhong
- School of PsychologyNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingChina
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14
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Al‐kuraishy HM, Al‐Gareeb AI, Albuhadily AK, Elewa YHA, AL‐Farga A, Aqlan F, Zahran MH, Batiha GE. Sleep disorders cause Parkinson's disease or the reverse is true: Good GABA good night. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14521. [PMID: 38491789 PMCID: PMC10943276 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative brain disease due to degeneration of dopaminergic neurons (DNs) presented with motor and non-motor symptoms. PD symptoms are developed in response to the disturbance of diverse neurotransmitters including γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). GABA has a neuroprotective effect against PD neuropathology by protecting DNs in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). It has been shown that the degeneration of GABAergic neurons is linked with the degeneration of DNs and the progression of motor and non-motor PD symptoms. GABA neurotransmission is a necessary pathway for normal sleep patterns, thus deregulation of GABAergic neurotransmission in PD could be the potential cause of sleep disorders in PD. AIM Sleep disorders affect GABA neurotransmission leading to memory and cognitive dysfunction in PD. For example, insomnia and short sleep duration are associated with a reduction of brain GABA levels. Moreover, PD-related disorders including rigidity and nocturia influence sleep patterns leading to fragmented sleep which may also affect PD neuropathology. However, the mechanistic role of GABA in PD neuropathology regarding motor and non-motor symptoms is not fully elucidated. Therefore, this narrative review aims to clarify the mechanistic role of GABA in PD neuropathology mainly in sleep disorders, and how good GABA improves PD. In addition, this review of published articles tries to elucidate how sleep disorders such as insomnia and REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) affect PD neuropathology and severity. The present review has many limitations including the paucity of prospective studies and most findings are taken from observational and preclinical studies. GABA involvement in the pathogenesis of PD has been recently discussed by recent studies. Therefore, future prospective studies regarding the use of GABA agonists in the management of PD are suggested to observe their distinct effects on motor and non-motor symptoms. CONCLUSION There is a bidirectional relationship between the pathogenesis of PD and sleep disorders which might be due to GABA deregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayder M. Al‐kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of MedicineAl‐Mustansiriya UniversityBaghdadIraq
| | - Ali I. Al‐Gareeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of MedicineAl‐Mustansiriya UniversityBaghdadIraq
| | - Ali K. Albuhadily
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of MedicineAl‐Mustansiriya UniversityBaghdadIraq
| | - Yaser Hosny Ali Elewa
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineZagazig UniversityZagazigEgypt
- Faculty of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporoJapan
| | - Ammar AL‐Farga
- Biochemistry Department, College of SciencesUniversity of JeddahJeddahSaudia Arbia
| | - Faisal Aqlan
- Department of Chemistry, College of SciencesIbb UniversityIbb GovernorateYemen
| | | | - Gaber El‐Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineDamanhur UniversityDamanhurEgypt
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15
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Ye Y, Zhong Z, Wu X, Tian Y, Wei Z, Han S, Wu P, Dai H, Shen L, Wang H, Li Y. MR Spectroscopy Assessment of Daily Variations of GABA Levels within the Parietal Lobe and Anterior Cingulate Gyrus Regions of Healthy Young Adults. J Magn Reson Imaging 2024. [PMID: 38284542 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.29255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The changes that occur in the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels within specific brain regions throughout the day are less clear. PURPOSE To evaluate the daily fluctuations of GABA levels within the parietal lobe (PL) and anterior cingulate gyrus (ACC) regions and explore their association with melatonin (MT) levels, heart rate (HR), and blood pressure. STUDY TYPE Prospective. SUBJECTS 26 healthy young adults (15 males and 11 females aged 22-27 years). FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3.0T, T1-weighted imaging, Mescher-Garwood point resolved spectroscopy (MEGA-PRESS) sequence. ASSESSMENT The acquired GABA signal contained the overlapping signals of macromolecules and homocarnosine, hence expressed as GABA+. The creatine (Cr) signal was applied as an endogenous reference. The GABA+, GABA+/Cr were measured at six different time points (1:00, 5:00, 9:00, 13:00, 17:00, and 21:00 hours) using MEGA-PRESS. The blood pressure, HR and sputum MT levels, were also acquired. STATISTICAL TESTS The one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to evaluate the GABA, blood pressure, HR, and MT levels throughout the day. A general linear model was used to find the correlation between GABA and blood pressure, HR, and MT. P < 0.05 was statistically significant. RESULTS Significant variations in GABA+/Cr and GABA+ levels were observed throughout the day within the PL region. The lowest levels were recorded at 9:00 hour (GABA+/Cr: 0.100 ± 0.003,GABA+:1.877 ± 0.051 i.u) and the highest levels were recorded at 21:00 hour (GABA+/Cr: 0.115 ± 0.003, GABA+:2.122 ± 0.052 i.u). The MT levels were positively correlated with GABA+/Cr (r = 0.301) and GABA+ (r = 0.312) within the ACC region. DATA CONCLUSION GABA+/Cr and GABA+ in ACC are positively correlated with MT. GABA levels in the PL have diurnal differences. These findings may indicate that the body's GABA level change in response to the light-dark cycle. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 1 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Ye
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaomin Zhong
- Center for Circadian Clocks, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojuan Wu
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangyang Tian
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zifan Wei
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuting Han
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Wu
- Philips Healthcare, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Dai
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Shen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Wang
- Center for Circadian Clocks, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonggang Li
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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16
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Bhatt M, Di Iacovo A, Romanazzi T, Roseti C, Bossi E. Betaine-The dark knight of the brain. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2023; 133:485-495. [PMID: 36735640 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The role of betaine in the liver and kidney has been well documented, even from the cellular and molecular point of view. Despite literature reporting positive effects of betaine supplementation in Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and schizophrenia, the role and function of betaine in the brain are little studied and reviewed. Beneficial effects of betaine in neurodegeneration, excitatory and inhibitory imbalance and against oxidative stress in the central nervous system (CNS) have been collected and analysed to understand the main role of betaine in the brain. There are many 'dark' aspects needed to complete the picture. The understanding of how this osmolyte is transported across neuron and glial cells is also controversial, as the expression levels and functioning of the known protein capable to transport betaine expressed in the brain, betaine-GABA transporter 1 (BGT-1), is itself not well clarified. The reported actions of betaine beyond BGT-1 related to neuronal degeneration and memory impairment are the focus of this work. With this review, we underline the scarcity of detailed molecular and cellular information about betaine action. Consequently, the requirement of detailed focus on and study of the interaction of this molecule with CNS components to sustain the therapeutic use of betaine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manan Bhatt
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
- School of Experimental and Translational Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Angela Di Iacovo
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
- School of Experimental and Translational Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Tiziana Romanazzi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
- School of Experimental and Translational Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Cristina Roseti
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
- Centre for Neuroscience, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Elena Bossi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
- Centre for Neuroscience, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
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17
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Wang S, Fang X, Wen X, Yang C, Yang Y, Zhang T. Prioritization of risk genes for Alzheimer's disease: an analysis framework using spatial and temporal gene expression data in the human brain based on support vector machine. Front Genet 2023; 14:1190863. [PMID: 37867597 PMCID: PMC10587557 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1190863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex disorder, and its risk is influenced by multiple genetic and environmental factors. In this study, an AD risk gene prediction framework based on spatial and temporal features of gene expression data (STGE) was proposed. Methods: We proposed an AD risk gene prediction framework based on spatial and temporal features of gene expression data. The gene expression data of providers of different tissues and ages were used as model features. Human genes were classified as AD risk or non-risk sets based on information extracted from relevant databases. Support vector machine (SVM) models were constructed to capture the expression patterns of genes believed to contribute to the risk of AD. Results: The recursive feature elimination (RFE) method was utilized for feature selection. Data for 64 tissue-age features were obtained before feature selection, and this number was reduced to 19 after RFE was performed. The SVM models were built and evaluated using 19 selected and full features. The area under curve (AUC) values for the SVM model based on 19 selected features (0.740 [0.690-0.790]) and full feature sets (0.730 [0.678-0.769]) were very similar. Fifteen genes predicted to be risk genes for AD with a probability greater than 90% were obtained. Conclusion: The newly proposed framework performed comparably to previous prediction methods based on protein-protein interaction (PPI) network properties. A list of 15 candidate genes for AD risk was also generated to provide data support for further studies on the genetic etiology of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Xixian Fang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiang Wen
- Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Congying Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Tianxiao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
- National Anti-Drug Laboratory Shaanxi Regional Center, Xi’an, China
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18
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Bappi MH, Prottay AAS, Kamli H, Sonia FA, Mia MN, Akbor MS, Hossen MM, Awadallah S, Mubarak MS, Islam MT. Quercetin Antagonizes the Sedative Effects of Linalool, Possibly through the GABAergic Interaction Pathway. Molecules 2023; 28:5616. [PMID: 37513487 PMCID: PMC10384931 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Sedatives promote calmness or sleepiness during surgery or severely stressful events. In addition, depression is a mental health issue that negatively affects emotional well-being. A group of drugs called anti-depressants is used to treat major depressive illnesses. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the effects of quercetin (QUR) and linalool (LIN) on thiopental sodium (TS)-induced sleeping mice and to investigate the combined effects of these compounds using a conventional co-treatment strategy and in silico studies. For this, the TS-induced sleeping mice were monitored to compare the occurrence, latency, and duration of the sleep-in response to QUR (10, 25, 50 mg/kg), LIN (10, 25, 50 mg/kg), and diazepam (DZP, 3 mg/kg, i.p.). Moreover, an in silico investigation was undertaken to assess this study's putative modulatory sedation mechanism. For this, we observed the ability of test and standard medications to interact with various gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor (GABAA) subunits. Results revealed that QUR and LIN cause dose-dependent antidepressant-like and sedative-like effects in animals, respectively. In addition, QUR-50 mg/kg and LIN-50 mg/kg and/or DZP-3 mg/kg combined were associated with an increased latency period and reduced sleeping times in animals. Results of the in silico studies demonstrated that QUR has better binding interaction with GABAA α3, β1, and γ2 subunits when compared with DZP, whereas LIN showed moderate affinity with the GABAA receptor. Taken together, the sleep duration of LIN and DZP is opposed by QUR in TS-induced sleeping mice, suggesting that QUR may be responsible for providing sedation-antagonizing effects through the GABAergic interaction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehedi Hasan Bappi
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah Al Shamsh Prottay
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Hossam Kamli
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatema Akter Sonia
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Md Nayem Mia
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Md Showkoth Akbor
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Md Munnaf Hossen
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Samir Awadallah
- Department of Medical Lab Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan
| | | | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
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19
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Knippenberg N, Bauwens M, Schijns O, Hoogland G, Florea A, Rijkers K, Cleij TJ, Eersels K, van Grinsven B, Diliën H. Visualizing GABA transporters in vivo: an overview of reported radioligands and future directions. EJNMMI Res 2023; 13:42. [PMID: 37171631 PMCID: PMC10182260 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-023-00992-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
By clearing GABA from the synaptic cleft, GABA transporters (GATs) play an essential role in inhibitory neurotransmission. Consequently, in vivo visualization of GATs can be a valuable diagnostic tool and biomarker for various psychiatric and neurological disorders. Not surprisingly, in recent years several research attempts to develop a radioligand have been conducted, but so far none have led to suitable radioligands that allow imaging of GATs. Here, we provide an overview of the radioligands that were developed with a focus on GAT1, since this is the most abundant transporter and most of the research concerns this GAT subtype. Initially, we focus on the field of GAT1 inhibitors, after which we discuss the development of GAT1 radioligands based on these inhibitors. We hypothesize that the radioligands developed so far have been unsuccessful due to the zwitterionic nature of their nipecotic acid moiety. To overcome this problem, the use of non-classical GAT inhibitors as basis for GAT1 radioligands or the use of carboxylic acid bioisosteres may be considered. As the latter structural modification has already been used in the field of GAT1 inhibitors, this option seems particularly viable and could lead to the development of more successful GAT1 radioligands in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Knippenberg
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Matthias Bauwens
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre+ (MUMC+), 6229 HX, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Olaf Schijns
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre+ (MUMC+), 6229 HX, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Maastricht University, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Academic Center for Epileptology (ACE), Maastricht University Medical Centre+ (MUMC+), 6229 HX, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Govert Hoogland
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre+ (MUMC+), 6229 HX, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Maastricht University, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandru Florea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre+ (MUMC+), 6229 HX, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre+ (MUMC+), 6229 HX, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Kim Rijkers
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre+ (MUMC+), 6229 HX, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Maastricht University, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Academic Center for Epileptology (ACE), Maastricht University Medical Centre+ (MUMC+), 6229 HX, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas J Cleij
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Kasper Eersels
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bart van Grinsven
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hanne Diliën
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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20
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Dondé C, Kantrowitz JT, Medalia A, Saperstein AM, Balla A, Sehatpour P, Martinez A, O'Connell MN, Javitt DC. Early auditory processing dysfunction in schizophrenia: Mechanisms and implications. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 148:105098. [PMID: 36796472 PMCID: PMC10106448 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a major mental disorder that affects approximately 1% of the population worldwide. Cognitive deficits are a key feature of the disorder and a primary cause of long-term disability. Over the past decades, significant literature has accumulated demonstrating impairments in early auditory perceptual processes in schizophrenia. In this review, we first describe early auditory dysfunction in schizophrenia from both a behavioral and neurophysiological perspective and examine their interrelationship with both higher order cognitive constructs and social cognitive processes. Then, we provide insights into underlying pathological processes, especially in relationship to glutamatergic and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) dysfunction models. Finally, we discuss the utility of early auditory measures as both treatment targets for precision intervention and as translational biomarkers for etiological investigation. Altogether, this review points out the crucial role of early auditory deficits in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, in addition to major implications for early intervention and auditory-targeted approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Dondé
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France; INSERM, U1216, F-38000 Grenoble, France; Psychiatry Department, CHU Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France; Psychiatry Department, CH Alpes-Isère, F-38000 Saint-Egrève, France.
| | - Joshua T Kantrowitz
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, United States; Schizophrenia Research Center, Nathan Kline Institute, 140 Old Orangeburg Road, Orangeburg, NY 10962, United States
| | - Alice Medalia
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and New York Presbyterian, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Alice M Saperstein
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and New York Presbyterian, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Andrea Balla
- Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, United States
| | - Pejman Sehatpour
- Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, United States; Division of Experimental Therapeutics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Antigona Martinez
- Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, United States; Division of Experimental Therapeutics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Monica N O'Connell
- Translational Neuroscience Division, Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, United States
| | - Daniel C Javitt
- Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, United States; Division of Experimental Therapeutics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.
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21
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Di Domenico D, Mapelli L. Dopaminergic Modulation of Prefrontal Cortex Inhibition. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051276. [PMID: 37238947 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The prefrontal cortex is the highest stage of integration in the mammalian brain. Its functions vary greatly, from working memory to decision-making, and are primarily related to higher cognitive functions. This explains the considerable effort devoted to investigating this area, revealing the complex molecular, cellular, and network organization, and the essential role of various regulatory controls. In particular, the dopaminergic modulation and the impact of local interneurons activity are critical for prefrontal cortex functioning, controlling the excitatory/inhibitory balance and the overall network processing. Though often studied separately, the dopaminergic and GABAergic systems are deeply intertwined in influencing prefrontal network processing. This mini review will focus on the dopaminergic modulation of GABAergic inhibition, which plays a significant role in shaping prefrontal cortex activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danila Di Domenico
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Lisa Mapelli
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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22
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Sibgatullina G, Al Ebrahim R, Gilizhdinova K, Tokmakova A, Malomouzh A. Differentiation of Myoblasts in Culture: Focus on Serum and Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid. Cells Tissues Organs 2023; 213:203-212. [PMID: 36871556 DOI: 10.1159/000529839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There are many facts about the possible role of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the development and differentiation of cells not only in nervous but also in muscle tissue. In the present study, a primary culture of rat skeletal muscle myocytes was used to evaluate the correlation between the content of GABA in the cytoplasm and the processes of myocyte division and their fusion into myotubes. The effect of exogenous GABA on the processes of culture development was also estimated. Since the classical protocol for working with myocyte cultures involves the use of fetal bovine serum (FBS) to stimulate cell division (growth medium) and horse serum (HS) to activate the differentiation process (differentiation medium), the studies were carried out both in the medium with FBS and with HS. It was found that cells grown in medium supplemented with FBS contain more GABA compared to cultures growing in medium supplemented with HS. Addition of exogeneous GABA leads to a decrease in the number of myotubes formed in both media, while the addition of an amino acid to the medium supplemented with HS had a more pronounced inhibitory effect. Thus, we have obtained data indicating that GABA is able to participate in the early stages of skeletal muscle myogenesis by modulating the fusion process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guzel Sibgatullina
- Laboratory of Biophysics of Synaptic Processes, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Rahaf Al Ebrahim
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Karina Gilizhdinova
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Anna Tokmakova
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Artem Malomouzh
- Laboratory of Biophysics of Synaptic Processes, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, Russian Federation
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23
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Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI, Alsayegh AA, Abusudah WF, Almohmadi NH, Eldahshan OA, Ahmed EA, Batiha GES. Insights on benzodiazepines' potential in Alzheimer's disease. Life Sci 2023; 320:121532. [PMID: 36858314 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most frequent type of dementia characterized by the deposition of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaque and tau-neurofibrillary tangles (TNTs) in the brain. AD is associated with the disturbances of various neurotransmitters including gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Of note, GABA is reduced in AD, and restoration of GABA effect by benzodiazepines (BDZs) may improve AD outcomes. However, BDZs may adversely affect cognitive functions chiefly in elderly AD patients with sleep disorders. Besides, there is a controversy regarding the use of BDZs in AD. Consequently, the objective of the present review was to disclose the possible role of BDZs on the pathogenesis of AD that might be beneficial, neutral, or detrimental effects on AD. Prolonged use of intermediate-acting BDZ lorazepam exerts amnesic effects due to attenuation of synaptic plasticity and impairment of recognition memory. However, BDZs may have a protective effect against the development of AD by reducing tau phosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and progression of AD neuropathology. On the other side, other findings highlighted that extended use of BDZs was not associated with the development of AD. In conclusion, there are controversial points concerning the use of BDZs and the risk for the progression of AD. Thus, preclinical, and clinical studies are essential in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriya University, Bagdad, Iraq
| | - Ali I Al-Gareeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriya University, Bagdad, Iraq
| | - Abdulrahman A Alsayegh
- Clinical Nutrition Department Applied Medical Sciences, College Jazan University, Jazan 82817, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Wafaa Fouzi Abusudah
- Clinical Nutrition Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Najlaa Hamed Almohmadi
- Clinical Nutrition Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Omayma A Eldahshan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Eman A Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Al Beheira, Egypt.
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24
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Shan Y, Zhao J, Zheng Y, Guo S, Schrodi SJ, He D. Understanding the function of the GABAergic system and its potential role in rheumatoid arthritis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1114350. [PMID: 36825000 PMCID: PMC9941139 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1114350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a highly disabling chronic autoimmune disease. Multiple factors contribute to the complex pathological process of RA, in which an abnormal autoimmune response, high survival of inflammatory cells, and excessive release of inflammatory factors lead to a severe chronic inflammatory response. Clinical management of RA remains limited; therefore, exploring and discovering new mechanisms of action could enhance clinical benefits for patients with RA. Important bidirectional communication occurs between the brain and immune system in inflammatory diseases such as RA, and circulating immune complexes can cause neuroinflammatory responses in the brain. The gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic system is a part of the nervous system that primarily comprises GABA, GABA-related receptors, and GABA transporter (GAT) systems. GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that binds to GABA receptors in the presence of GATs to exert a variety of pathophysiological regulatory effects, with its predominant role being neural signaling. Nonetheless, the GABAergic system may also have immunomodulatory effects. GABA/GABA-A receptors may inhibit the progression of inflammation in RA and GATs may promote inflammation. GABA-B receptors may also act as susceptibility genes for RA, regulating the inflammatory response of RA via immune cells. Furthermore, the GABAergic system may modulate the abnormal pain response in RA patients. We also summarized the latest clinical applications of the GABAergic system and provided an outlook on its clinical application in RA. However, direct studies on the GABAergic system and RA are still lacking; therefore, we hope to provide potential therapeutic options and a theoretical basis for RA treatment by summarizing any potential associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shan
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianan Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixin Zheng
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shicheng Guo
- Computation and Informatics in Biology and Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States,Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States,*Correspondence: Shicheng Guo, ; Steven J. Schrodi, ; Dongyi He,
| | - Steven J. Schrodi
- Computation and Informatics in Biology and Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States,Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States,*Correspondence: Shicheng Guo, ; Steven J. Schrodi, ; Dongyi He,
| | - Dongyi He
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,Arthritis Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Shicheng Guo, ; Steven J. Schrodi, ; Dongyi He,
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25
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Tempio A, Boulksibat A, Bardoni B, Delhaye S. Fragile X Syndrome as an interneuronopathy: a lesson for future studies and treatments. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1171895. [PMID: 37188005 PMCID: PMC10176609 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1171895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) is the most common form of inherited intellectual disability (ID) and a primary genetic cause of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). FXS arises from the silencing of the FMR1 gene causing the lack of translation of its encoded protein, the Fragile X Messenger RibonucleoProtein (FMRP), an RNA-binding protein involved in translational control and in RNA transport along dendrites. Although a large effort during the last 20 years has been made to investigate the cellular roles of FMRP, no effective and specific therapeutic intervention is available to treat FXS. Many studies revealed a role for FMRP in shaping sensory circuits during developmental critical periods to affect proper neurodevelopment. Dendritic spine stability, branching and density abnormalities are part of the developmental delay observed in various FXS brain areas. In particular, cortical neuronal networks in FXS are hyper-responsive and hyperexcitable, making these circuits highly synchronous. Overall, these data suggest that the excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) balance in FXS neuronal circuitry is altered. However, not much is known about how interneuron populations contribute to the unbalanced E/I ratio in FXS even if their abnormal functioning has an impact on the behavioral deficits of patients and animal models affected by neurodevelopmental disorders. We revise here the key literature concerning the role of interneurons in FXS not only with the purpose to better understand the pathophysiology of this disorder, but also to explore new possible therapeutic applications to treat FXS and other forms of ASD or ID. Indeed, for instance, the re-introduction of functional interneurons in the diseased brains has been proposed as a promising therapeutic approach for neurological and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Tempio
- Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Valbonne, France
- Alessandra Tempio,
| | - Asma Boulksibat
- Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Valbonne, France
| | - Barbara Bardoni
- Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Valbonne, France
- Inserm, Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Valbonne, France
- *Correspondence: Barbara Bardoni,
| | - Sébastien Delhaye
- Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Valbonne, France
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26
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Seshadri A, Appelbaum R, Carmichael SP, Farrell MS, Filiberto DM, Jawa R, Kodadek L, Mandell S, Miles MVP, Paul J, Robinson B, Michetti CP. Prevention of alcohol withdrawal syndrome in the surgical ICU: an American Association for the Surgery of Trauma Critical Care Committee Clinical Consensus Document. Trauma Surg Acute Care Open 2022; 7:e001010. [PMCID: PMC9680182 DOI: 10.1136/tsaco-2022-001010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol withdrawal syndrome is a common and challenging clinical entity present in trauma and surgical intensive care unit (ICU) patients. The screening tools, assessment strategies, and pharmacological methods for preventing alcohol withdrawal have significantly changed during the past 20 years. This Clinical Consensus Document created by the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma Critical Care Committee reviews the best practices for screening, monitoring, and prophylactic treatment of alcohol withdrawal in the surgical ICU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupamaa Seshadri
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rachel Appelbaum
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Samuel P Carmichael
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Dina M Filiberto
- Department of Surgery, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Randeep Jawa
- Department of Surgery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Lisa Kodadek
- Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA,Department of Surgery, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Samuel Mandell
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - M Victoria P Miles
- College of Medicine Chattanooga, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Chattanooga, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jasmeet Paul
- Department of Surgery, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Bryce Robinson
- Department of Surgery, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
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27
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Qian D, Wang Q, Lin S, Li Y, Gu X, Xia C, Xu Y, Zhang T, Yang L, Wu Q, Sun J, Liu Y, Zhou M. Identification of potential targets of cinnamon for treatment against Alzheimer's disease-related GABAergic synaptic dysfunction using network pharmacology. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19959. [PMID: 36402912 PMCID: PMC9675738 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24378-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cinnamon aqueous extract's active substance base remains unclear and its mechanisms, mainly the therapeutic target of anti-Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related GABAergic synaptic dysfunction, remain unclear. Here, 30 chemical components were identified in the aqueous extract of cinnamon using LC/MS; secondly, we explored the brain-targeting components of the aqueous extract of cinnamon, and 17 components had a good absorption due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) limitation; thirdly, further clustering analysis of active ingredient targets by network pharmacology showed that the GABA pathway with GABRG2 as the core target was significantly enriched; then, we used prominent protein-protein interactions (PPI), relying on a protein-metabolite network, and identified the GABRA1, GABRB2 and GABRA5 as the closest targets to GABRG2; finally, the affinity between the target and its cognate active compound was predicted by molecular docking. In general, we screened five components, methyl cinnamate, propyl cinnamate, ( +)-procyanidin B2, procyanidin B1, and myristicin as the brain synapse-targeting active substances of cinnamon using a systematic strategy, and identified GABRA1, GABRB2, GABRA5 and GABRG2 as core therapeutic targets of cinnamon against Alzheimer's disease-related GABAergic synaptic dysfunction. Exploring the mechanism of cinnamon' activities through multi-components and multiple targets strategies promise to reduce the threat of single- target and symptom-based drug discovery failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Qian
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071 China
| | - Qixue Wang
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Siyuan Lin
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462School of Public Health, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Ying Li
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Xinyi Gu
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Chenyi Xia
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Ying Xu
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Ting Zhang
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Li Yang
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Qianfu Wu
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071 China
| | - Jijia Sun
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Department of Mathematics and Physics, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Yi Liu
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071 China
| | - Mingmei Zhou
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 201203 China
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28
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Jiménez-Dinamarca I, Reyes-Lizana R, Lemunao-Inostroza Y, Cárdenas K, Castro-Lazo R, Peña F, Lucero CM, Prieto-Villalobos J, Retamal MA, Orellana JA, Stehberg J. GABAergic Regulation of Astroglial Gliotransmission through Cx43 Hemichannels. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13625. [PMID: 36362410 PMCID: PMC9656947 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. It is produced by interneurons and recycled by astrocytes. In neurons, GABA activates the influx of Cl- via the GABAA receptor or efflux or K+ via the GABAB receptor, inducing hyperpolarization and synaptic inhibition. In astrocytes, the activation of both GABAA and GABAB receptors induces an increase in intracellular Ca2+ and the release of glutamate and ATP. Connexin 43 (Cx43) hemichannels are among the main Ca2+-dependent cellular mechanisms for the astroglial release of glutamate and ATP. However, no study has evaluated the effect of GABA on astroglial Cx43 hemichannel activity and Cx43 hemichannel-mediated gliotransmission. Here we assessed the effects of GABA on Cx43 hemichannel activity in DI NCT1 rat astrocytes and hippocampal brain slices. We found that GABA induces a Ca2+-dependent increase in Cx43 hemichannel activity in astrocytes mediated by the GABAA receptor, as it was blunted by the GABAA receptor antagonist bicuculline but unaffected by GABAB receptor antagonist CGP55845. Moreover, GABA induced the Cx43 hemichannel-dependent release of glutamate and ATP, which was also prevented by bicuculline, but unaffected by CGP. Gliotransmission in response to GABA was also unaffected by pannexin 1 channel blockade. These results are discussed in terms of the possible role of astroglial Cx43 hemichannel-mediated glutamate and ATP release in regulating the excitatory/inhibitory balance in the brain and their possible contribution to psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivanka Jiménez-Dinamarca
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile
| | - Rachel Reyes-Lizana
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile
| | - Yordan Lemunao-Inostroza
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile
| | - Kevin Cárdenas
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile
| | - Raimundo Castro-Lazo
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile
| | - Francisca Peña
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile
- Centro de Fisiología Celular e Integrativa, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Desarrollo–Clínica Alemana, Santiago 7780272, Chile
| | - Claudia M. Lucero
- Departamento de Neurología, Escuela de Medicina and Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| | - Juan Prieto-Villalobos
- Departamento de Neurología, Escuela de Medicina and Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| | - Mauricio Antonio Retamal
- Centro de Fisiología Celular e Integrativa, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Desarrollo–Clínica Alemana, Santiago 7780272, Chile
| | - Juan Andrés Orellana
- Departamento de Neurología, Escuela de Medicina and Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| | - Jimmy Stehberg
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile
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Alosaimi F, Boonstra JT, Tan S, Temel Y, Jahanshahi A. The role of neurotransmitter systems in mediating deep brain stimulation effects in Parkinson’s disease. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:998932. [PMID: 36278000 PMCID: PMC9579467 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.998932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is among the most successful paradigms in both translational and reverse translational neuroscience. DBS has developed into a standard treatment for movement disorders such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) in recent decades, however, specific mechanisms behind DBS’s efficacy and side effects remain unrevealed. Several hypotheses have been proposed, including neuronal firing rate and pattern theories that emphasize the impact of DBS on local circuitry but detail distant electrophysiological readouts to a lesser extent. Furthermore, ample preclinical and clinical evidence indicates that DBS influences neurotransmitter dynamics in PD, particularly the effects of subthalamic nucleus (STN) DBS on striatal dopaminergic and glutamatergic systems; pallidum DBS on striatal dopaminergic and GABAergic systems; pedunculopontine nucleus DBS on cholinergic systems; and STN-DBS on locus coeruleus (LC) noradrenergic system. DBS has additionally been associated with mood-related side effects within brainstem serotoninergic systems in response to STN-DBS. Still, addressing the mechanisms of DBS on neurotransmitters’ dynamics is commonly overlooked due to its practical difficulties in monitoring real-time changes in remote areas. Given that electrical stimulation alters neurotransmitter release in local and remote regions, it eventually exhibits changes in specific neuronal functions. Consequently, such changes lead to further modulation, synthesis, and release of neurotransmitters. This narrative review discusses the main neurotransmitter dynamics in PD and their role in mediating DBS effects from preclinical and clinical data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Alosaimi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Faisal Alosaimi,
| | - Jackson Tyler Boonstra
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Sonny Tan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Yasin Temel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Ali Jahanshahi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Ali Jahanshahi,
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Morrone CD, Lai AY, Bishay J, Hill ME, McLaurin J. Parvalbumin neuroplasticity compensates for somatostatin impairment, maintaining cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease. Transl Neurodegener 2022; 11:26. [PMID: 35501886 PMCID: PMC9063209 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-022-00300-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient-to-patient variability in the degree to which β-amyloid, tau and neurodegeneration impact cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD) complicates disease modeling and treatment. However, the underlying mechanisms leading to cognitive resilience are not resolved. We hypothesize that the variability in cognitive function and loss relates to neuronal resilience of the hippocampal GABAergic network. METHODS We compared TgF344-AD and non-transgenic littermate rats at 9, 12, and 15 months of age. Neurons, β-amyloid plaques and tau inclusions were quantified in hippocampus and entorhinal cortex. Somatostatin (SST) and parvalbumin (PVB) interneurons were traced to examine hippocampal neuroplasticity and cognition was tested in the Barnes maze. RESULTS The 9-month-old TgF344-AD rats exhibited loss of neurons in the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus. Hippocampal neuronal compensation was observed in 12-month TgF344-AD rats, with upregulation of GABAergic interneuronal marker. By 15 months, the TgF344-AD rats had robust loss of excitatory and inhibitory neurons. β-Amyloid and tau pathology accumulated continuously across age. SST interneurons exhibited tau inclusions and atrophy from 9 months, whereas PVB interneurons were resilient until 15 months. The hippocampal PVB circuit underwent neuroplastic reorganization with increased dendritic length and complexity in 9- and 12-month-old TgF344-AD rats, before atrophy at 15 months. Strikingly, 12-month-old TgF344-AD rats were resilient in executive function and cognitive flexibility. Cognitive resilience in TgF344-AD rats occurred as maintenance of function between 9 and 12 months of age despite progressive spatial memory deficits, and was sustained by PVB neuroplasticity. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate the inherent neuronal processes leading to cognitive maintenance, and describe a novel finding of endogenous cognitive resilience in an AD model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aaron Yenhsin Lai
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5 Canada
| | - Jossana Bishay
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5 Canada
| | - Mary Elizabeth Hill
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5 Canada
| | - JoAnne McLaurin
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5 Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8 Canada
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Ríos JL, Schinella GR, Moragrega I. Phenolics as GABA A Receptor Ligands: An Updated Review. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27061770. [PMID: 35335130 PMCID: PMC8953830 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Natural products can act as potential GABA modulators, avoiding the undesirable effects of traditional pharmacology used for the inhibition of the central nervous system such as benzodiazepines (BZD). Phenolics, especially flavonoids and phlorotannins, have been considered as modulators of the BZD-site of GABAA receptors (GABAARs), with sedative, anxiolytic or anticonvulsant effects. However, the wide chemical structural variability of flavonoids shows their potential action at more than one additional binding site on GABAARs, which may act either negatively, positively, by neutralizing GABAARs, or directly as allosteric agonists. Therefore, the aim of the present review is to compile and discuss an update of the role of phenolics, namely as pharmacological targets involving dysfunctions of the GABA system, analyzing both their different compounds and their mechanism as GABAergic modulators. We focus this review on articles written in English since the year 2010 until the present. Of course, although more research would be necessary to fully establish the type specificity of phenolics and their pharmacological activity, the evidence supports their potential as GABAAR modulators, thereby favoring their inclusion in the development of new therapeutic targets based on natural products. Specifically, the data compiled in this review allows for the directing of future research towards ortho-dihydroxy diterpene galdosol, the flavonoids isoliquiritigenin (chalcone), rhusflavone and agathisflavone (biflavonoids), as well as the phlorotannins, dieckol and triphlorethol A. Clinically, flavonoids are the most interesting phenolics due to their potential as anticonvulsant and anxiolytic drugs, and phlorotannins are also of interest as sedative agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- José-Luis Ríos
- Departament de Farmacologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Guillermo R. Schinella
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata BA1900, Argentina;
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, UNAJ-CICPBA, Florencio Varela BA1888, Argentina
| | - Inés Moragrega
- Departament de Psicobiologia, Facultat de Psicologia, Universitat de València, Av. Blasco Ibáñez 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
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Panagaki T, Lozano-Montes L, Janickova L, Zuhra K, Szabo MP, Majtan T, Rainer G, Maréchal D, Herault Y, Szabo C. Overproduction of hydrogen sulfide, generated by cystathionine β-synthase, disrupts brain wave patterns and contributes to neurobehavioral dysfunction in a rat model of down syndrome. Redox Biol 2022; 51:102233. [PMID: 35042677 PMCID: PMC9039679 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Using a novel rat model of Down syndrome (DS), the functional role of the cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS)/hydrogen sulfide (H2S) pathway was investigated on the pathogenesis of brain wave pattern alterations and neurobehavioral dysfunction. Increased expression of CBS and subsequent overproduction of H2S was observed in the brain of DS rats, with CBS primarily localizing to astrocytes and the vasculature. DS rats exhibited neurobehavioral defects, accompanied by a loss of gamma brain wave activity and a suppression of the expression of multiple pre- and postsynaptic proteins. Aminooxyacetate, a prototypical pharmacological inhibitor of CBS, increased the ability of the DS brain tissue to generate ATP in vitro and reversed the electrophysiological and neurobehavioral alterations in vivo. Thus, the CBS/H2S pathway contributes to the pathogenesis of neurological dysfunction in DS, most likely through dysregulation of cellular bioenergetics and gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodora Panagaki
- Chair of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Laura Lozano-Montes
- Chair of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland; Visual Cognition Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Lucia Janickova
- Chair of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Karim Zuhra
- Chair of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Marcell P Szabo
- Chair of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Tomas Majtan
- Chair of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Gregor Rainer
- Visual Cognition Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Damien Maréchal
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch, France
| | - Yann Herault
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch, France
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Chair of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
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Radulović S, Sunkara S, Maurer C, Leitinger G. Digging Deeper: Advancements in Visualization of Inhibitory Synapses in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12470. [PMID: 34830352 PMCID: PMC8623765 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent research has provided strong evidence that neurodegeneration may develop from an imbalance between synaptic structural components in the brain. Lately, inhibitory synapses communicating via the neurotransmitters GABA or glycine have come to the center of attention. Increasing evidence suggests that imbalance in the structural composition of inhibitory synapses affect deeply the ability of neurons to communicate effectively over synaptic connections. Progressive failure of synaptic plasticity and memory are thus hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases. In order to prove that structural changes at synapses contribute to neurodegeneration, we need to visualize single-molecule interactions at synaptic sites in an exact spatial and time frame. This visualization has been restricted in terms of spatial and temporal resolution. New developments in electron microscopy and super-resolution microscopy have improved spatial and time resolution tremendously, opening up numerous possibilities. Here we critically review current and recently developed methods for high-resolution visualization of inhibitory synapses in the context of neurodegenerative diseases. We present advantages, strengths, weaknesses, and current limitations for selected methods in research, as well as present a future perspective. A range of new options has become available that will soon help understand the involvement of inhibitory synapses in neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snježana Radulović
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.R.); (S.S.)
| | - Sowmya Sunkara
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.R.); (S.S.)
| | - Christa Maurer
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Division of Macroscopic and Clinical Anatomy, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Gerd Leitinger
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.R.); (S.S.)
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