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Zhang D, Ji H, Wang S, Chen M, Liu H. Parity changed fecal microbiota of sows and its correlation with milk long-chain fatty acid profiles. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:4. [PMID: 38170312 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12852-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to characterize the fecal microbiota profiles of gestating sows, along with the fecal microbiota and milk fatty acid contents of lactating sows and their correlations with reproductive performance at different parities. The results showed that the microbiota of third parity gestating sows contained a greater abundance of Prevotella compared to the other two parity groups, while lactating sows exhibiting higher reproductive performance at fifth parity exhibited a greater abundance of Lactobacillus species. The lactating sows with higher reproductive performance also exhibited higher total monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and higher total polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels relative to sows with lower reproductive performance at all three analyzed parities, especially sows at fifth parity produced the lowest total saturated fatty acid (SFA) levels, and showed the highest C18:1n9c and C18:2n6c concentrations. In correlational analyses, the abundance of Oligella, Lactobacillus, and Corynebacterium was highly positively correlated with C18:1n9c, C18:2n6c, and C20:4n6. Overall, these results provide a rational basis for efforts to improve sow reproductive performance through the provision of precisely regulated nutrition. KEY POINTS: • Clear differences in the fecal microbiota were evident between sows of different parities. • Lactating sows with high reproductive performance showed distinct milk fatty acid profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyan Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China.
| | - Haifeng Ji
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Sixin Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Meixia Chen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China.
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2
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Adamczyk I, Kaliszczak K, Skowron K, Grudlewska-Buda K, Twarużek M, Sinkiewicz-Darol E. Microbiological status of donor human milk - A single center study from Poland. Food Microbiol 2024; 122:104528. [PMID: 38839212 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2024.104528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Human milk is considered the most suitable source of nutrition for infants. Donor human milk from human milk banks (HMB) is recommended as the best alternative for infants whose mothers' own milk is unavailable. Microbiological screening of milk donated to HMB is important to ensure the quality and safety of the pasteurised human milk. This article describes the microbiological status of human milk donated to the Regional Human Milk Bank in Toruń, Poland. Statistical data regarding the microbiological analysis of milk from 292 donors were collected in the years 2013-2021. Total of 538 milk samples were tested. Only in 6% of human milk samples the bacteria level was above the required standard and/or the milk had potentially pathogenic bacteria. The main core of donors' breastmilk bacteria represents the skin microbiota, and the composition of the microbiota is strictly related to the surrounding environment. The most abundant genera detected in milk samples were the Staphylococcus group. Prolonged hospitalisation of infants' mothers and/or offsprings is associated with potentially pathogenic bacteria colonization in milk. The use of the modern identification method MALDI-TOF resulted in more accurate results compared to the biochemical methods. Our analysis indicates that most of the tested milk samples (94%), both expressing at home and in hospital environments, meet the criteria for admission to the human milk bank. Effective techniques for identifying microorganisms ensure that donor milk from human milk banks meets the guidelines set for these units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Adamczyk
- Department of Physiology and Toxicology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kazimierz Wielki University, Chodkiewicza 30 St., 85-064 Bydgoszcz, Poland; Human Milk Bank, Ludwik Rydygier Provincial Polyclinical Hospital in Torun, St. Josef 53-59 St., 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kaliszczak
- Department of Microbiological Diagnostics, Ludwik Rydygier Provincial Polyclinical Hospital in Torun, St. Josef 53-59 St., 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Skowron
- Department of Microbiology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Grudlewska-Buda
- Department of Microbiology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Twarużek
- Department of Physiology and Toxicology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kazimierz Wielki University, Chodkiewicza 30 St., 85-064 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Elena Sinkiewicz-Darol
- Department of Physiology and Toxicology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kazimierz Wielki University, Chodkiewicza 30 St., 85-064 Bydgoszcz, Poland; Human Milk Bank, Ludwik Rydygier Provincial Polyclinical Hospital in Torun, St. Josef 53-59 St., 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
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3
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Suárez-Martínez C, Santaella-Pascual M, Yagüe-Guirao G, García-Marcos L, Ros G, Martínez-Graciá C. The Early Appearance of Asthma and Its Relationship with Gut Microbiota: A Narrative Review. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1471. [PMID: 39065238 PMCID: PMC11278858 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12071471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Asthma is, worldwide, the most frequent non-communicable disease affecting both children and adults, with high morbidity and relatively low mortality, compared to other chronic diseases. In recent decades, the prevalence of asthma has increased in the pediatric population, and, in general, the risk of developing asthma and asthma-like symptoms is higher in children during the first years of life. The "gut-lung axis" concept explains how the gut microbiota influences lung immune function, acting both directly, by stimulating the innate immune system, and indirectly, through the metabolites it generates. Thus, the process of intestinal microbial colonization of the newborn is crucial for his/her future health, and the alterations that might generate dysbiosis during the first 100 days of life are most influential in promoting hypersensitivity diseases. That is why this period is termed the "critical window". This paper reviews the published evidence on the numerous factors that can act by modifying the profile of the intestinal microbiota of the infant, thereby promoting or inhibiting the risk of asthma later in life. The following factors are specifically addressed in depth here: diet during pregnancy, maternal adherence to a Mediterranean diet, mode of delivery, exposure to antibiotics, and type of infant feeding during the first three months of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Suárez-Martínez
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (C.S.-M.); (G.Y.-G.); (G.R.)
- Food Science and Nutrition Department, Veterinary Faculty, Regional Campus of International Excellence Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Marina Santaella-Pascual
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (C.S.-M.); (G.Y.-G.); (G.R.)
- Food Science and Nutrition Department, Veterinary Faculty, Regional Campus of International Excellence Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Genoveva Yagüe-Guirao
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (C.S.-M.); (G.Y.-G.); (G.R.)
- Microbiology Service, Virgen de La Arrixaca University Clinical Hospital, Regional Campus of International Excellence Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Luis García-Marcos
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (C.S.-M.); (G.Y.-G.); (G.R.)
- Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Units, Virgen de La Arrixaca University Clinical Hospital, Regional Campus of International Excellence Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
- Network of Asthma and Adverse and Allergic Reactions (ARADyAL), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gaspar Ros
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (C.S.-M.); (G.Y.-G.); (G.R.)
- Food Science and Nutrition Department, Veterinary Faculty, Regional Campus of International Excellence Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Carmen Martínez-Graciá
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (C.S.-M.); (G.Y.-G.); (G.R.)
- Food Science and Nutrition Department, Veterinary Faculty, Regional Campus of International Excellence Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
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4
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Ingram K, Gregg C, Tegge A, Elison JT, Lin W, Howell BR. Metagenomic assessment of the bacterial breastfeeding microbiome in mature milk across lactation. Front Pediatr 2024; 11:1275436. [PMID: 39092171 PMCID: PMC11292495 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1275436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Research has illustrated the presence of a diverse range of microbiota in human milk. The composition of the milk microbiome varies across different stages of lactation, emphasizing the need to consider the lactation stage when studying its composition. Additionally, the transfer of both milk and skin microbiota during breastfeeding is crucial for understanding their collective impact on infant health and development. Further exploration of the complete breastfeeding microbiome is necessary to unravel the role these organisms play in infant development. We aim to longitudinally assess the bacterial breastfeeding microbiome across stages of lactation. This includes all the bacteria that infants are exposed to during breastfeeding, such as bacteria found within human milk and any bacteria found on the breast and nipple. Methods Forty-six human milk samples were collected from 15 women at 1, 4, 7, and 10 months postpartum. Metagenomic analysis of the bacterial microbiome for these samples was performed by CosmosID (Rockville, MD) via deep sequencing. Results Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacteriaceae species are the most abundant bacterial species from these samples. Samples collected at 10 months showed higher abundances of Proteobacteria, Streptococcaceae, Lactobacillales, Streptococcus, and Neisseria mucosa compared to other timepoints. Alpha diversity varied greatly between participants but did not change significantly over time. Discussion As the bacterial breastfeeding microbiome continues to be studied, bacterial contributions could be used to predict and reduce health risks, optimize infant outcomes, and design effective management strategies, such as altering the maternal flora, to mitigate adverse health concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Ingram
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA, United States
| | - Collin Gregg
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA, United States
| | - Allison Tegge
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA, United States
| | - Jed T. Elison
- Institute for Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - Weili Lin
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Brittany R. Howell
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA, United States
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA, United States
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
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5
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Pirker AL, Vogl T. Development of systemic and mucosal immune responses against gut microbiota in early life and implications for the onset of allergies. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2024; 5:1439303. [PMID: 39086886 PMCID: PMC11288972 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2024.1439303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The early microbial colonization of human mucosal surfaces is essential for the development of the host immune system. Already during pregnancy, the unborn child is prepared for the postnatal influx of commensals and pathogens via maternal antibodies, and after birth this protection is continued with antibodies in breast milk. During this critical window of time, which extends from pregnancy to the first year of life, each encounter with a microorganism can influence children's immune response and can have a lifelong impact on their life. For example, there are numerous links between the development of allergies and an altered gut microbiome. However, the exact mechanisms behind microbial influences, also extending to how viruses influence host-microbe interactions, are incompletely understood. In this review, we address the impact of infants' first microbial encounters, how the immune system develops to interact with gut microbiota, and summarize how an altered immune response could be implied in allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Vogl
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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6
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Tsifintaris M, Sitmalidis M, Tokamani M, Anastasiadi C, Georganta M, Tsochantaridis I, Vlachakis D, Tsikouras P, Nikolettos N, Chrousos GP, Sandaltzopoulos R, Giannakakis A. Analysis of Human Milk Microbiota in Northern Greece by Comparative 16S rRNA Sequencing vs. Local Dairy Animals. Nutrients 2024; 16:2175. [PMID: 39064618 PMCID: PMC11280067 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Milk is a biological fluid with a dynamic composition of micronutrients and bioactive molecules that serves as a vital nutrient source for infants. Milk composition is affected by multiple factors, including genetics, geographical location, environmental conditions, lactation phase, and maternal nutrition, and plays a key role in dictating its microbiome. This study addresses a less-explored aspect, comparing the microbial communities in human breast milk with those in mature milk from species that are used for milk consumption. Since mature animal milk is used as a supplement for both the infant (formula) and the child/adolescent, our main aim was to identify shared microbial communities in colostrum and mature human milk. Using 16S rRNA metagenomic sequencing, we focused on characterizing the milk microbiota in the Northern Greek population by identifying shared microbial communities across samples and comparing the relative abundance of prevalent genera. We analyzed ten human milk samples (from five mothers), with five collected three days postpartum (colostrum) and five collected thirty to forty days postpartum (mature milk) from corresponding mothers. To perform an interspecies comparison of human milk microbiota, we analyzed five goat and five bovine milk samples from a local dairy industry, collected fifty to seventy days after birth. Alpha diversity analysis indicated moderate diversity and stability in bovine milk, high richness in goat milk, and constrained diversity in breast milk. Beta diversity analysis revealed significant distinctions among mammalian species, emphasizing both presence/absence and abundance-based clustering. Despite noticeable differences, shared microbial components underscore fundamental aspects across all mammalian species, highlighting the presence of a core microbiota predominantly comprising the Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteriota phyla. At the genus level, Acinetobacter, Gemella, and Sphingobium exhibit significant higher abundance in human milk compared to bovine and goat milk, while Pseudomonas and Atopostipes are more prevalent in animal milk. Our comparative analysis revealed differences and commonalities in the microbial communities of various mammalian milks and unraveled the existence of a common fundamental milk core microbiome. We thus revealed both species-specific and conserved microbial communities in human, bovine, and goat milk. The existence of a common core microbiome with conserved differences between colostrum and mature human milk underscores fundamental similarities in the microbiota of milk across mammalian species, which could offer valuable implications for optimizing the nutritional quality and safety of dairy products as well as supplements for infant health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaritis Tsifintaris
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (M.T.)
| | - Michail Sitmalidis
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (M.T.)
| | - Maria Tokamani
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (M.T.)
| | - Christina Anastasiadi
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (M.T.)
| | - Maria Georganta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Ilias Tsochantaridis
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (M.T.)
| | - Dimitrios Vlachakis
- Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Tsikouras
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Nikolettos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - George P. Chrousos
- University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health and Precision Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- UNESCO Chair of Adolescent Health, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Raphael Sandaltzopoulos
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (M.T.)
| | - Antonis Giannakakis
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (M.T.)
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7
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Vélez-Ixta JM, Juárez-Castelán CJ, Ramírez-Sánchez D, Lázaro-Pérez NDS, Castro-Arellano JJ, Romero-Maldonado S, Rico-Arzate E, Hoyo-Vadillo C, Salgado-Mancilla M, Gómez-Cruz CY, Krishnakumar A, Piña-Escobedo A, Benitez-Guerrero T, Pizano-Zárate ML, Cruz-Narváez Y, García-Mena J. Post Natal Microbial and Metabolite Transmission: The Path from Mother to Infant. Nutrients 2024; 16:1990. [PMID: 38999737 PMCID: PMC11243545 DOI: 10.3390/nu16131990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The entero-mammary pathway is a specialized route that selectively translocates bacteria to the newborn's gut, playing a crucial role in neonatal development. Previous studies report shared bacterial and archaeal taxa between human milk and neonatal intestine. However, the functional implications for neonatal development are not fully understood due to limited evidence. This study aimed to identify and characterize the microbiota and metabolome of human milk, mother, and infant stool samples using high-throughput DNA sequencing and FT-ICR MS methodology at delivery and 4 months post-partum. Twenty-one mothers and twenty-five infants were included in this study. Our results on bacterial composition suggest vertical transmission of bacteria through breastfeeding, with major changes occurring during the first 4 months of life. Metabolite chemical characterization sheds light on the growing complexity of the metabolites. Further data integration and network analysis disclosed the interactions between different bacteria and metabolites in the biological system as well as possible unknown pathways. Our findings suggest a shared bacteriome in breastfed mother-neonate pairs, influenced by maternal lifestyle and delivery conditions, serving as probiotic agents in infants for their healthy development. Also, the presence of food biomarkers in infants suggests their origin from breast milk, implying selective vertical transmission of these features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Manuel Vélez-Ixta
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Carmen Josefina Juárez-Castelán
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Daniela Ramírez-Sánchez
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Noemí Del Socorro Lázaro-Pérez
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - José Javier Castro-Arellano
- Laboratorio de Posgrado e Investigación de Operaciones Unitarias, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07738, Mexico
| | - Silvia Romero-Maldonado
- Unidad de Cuidados Intermedios al Recién Nacido, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
| | - Enrique Rico-Arzate
- Laboratorio de Posgrado e Investigación de Operaciones Unitarias, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07738, Mexico
| | - Carlos Hoyo-Vadillo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Cinvestav, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Marisol Salgado-Mancilla
- Laboratorio de Posgrado e Investigación de Operaciones Unitarias, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07738, Mexico
| | - Carlos Yamel Gómez-Cruz
- Laboratorio de Posgrado e Investigación de Operaciones Unitarias, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07738, Mexico
| | - Aparna Krishnakumar
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Alberto Piña-Escobedo
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Tizziani Benitez-Guerrero
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - María Luisa Pizano-Zárate
- Coordinación de Nutrición y Bioprogramación, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
- Unidad de Medicina Familiar No. 4, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Yair Cruz-Narváez
- Laboratorio de Posgrado e Investigación de Operaciones Unitarias, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07738, Mexico
| | - Jaime García-Mena
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
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8
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Long L, Bi H, Zeng S, Wang S, Zhang Z, Yao J, Wang Z. Breastfeeding premature infants affects the microbiota composition of breast milk. Am J Transl Res 2024; 16:2474-2482. [PMID: 39006271 PMCID: PMC11236625 DOI: 10.62347/ijms4900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
AIM To determine whether and how breast feeding of premature infants influences the human milk (HM) bacterial communities. METHODS HM samples before and after breastfeeding were collected from 40 preterm infant mothers at 24-366/7 weeks of gestational age in the neonatal intensive care unit of our hospital. Of these 40 babies, 11 at 24-276/7 weeks of gestational age and 12 at 28-316/7 weeks were grouped into an extremely premature (EPM) group and a very premature (VPM) group, respectively. In addition, 11 with a birth weight (BWT) of 1000 g ≤ BWT < 1500 g were classified as a very low birth weight (VLBW) group and 12 with BWT < 1000 g an extremely low birth weight (ELBW) group. Breast feeding and kangaroo mother care were given once a day for 7 days, from 14 to 21 days of age. The bacterial composition of HM was analyzed using high-throughput sequencing before and after feeding. RESULTS Linear discriminant analysis effect size of HM samples before and after feeding showed that Bacillus, Prevotella and Fusobacterium were significantly enriched in HM before breastfeeding (P < 0.05). Post-feeding HM for the EPM group showed significant enrichment in Lactobacillales, Streptococcus, Desulfuromonadales, Ruminococcus, Geobacteraceae, Geobacter and Elizabethkingia_meningoseptica (P < 0.05). Bacillus was significantly enriched in the HM for EPM group before feeding (P < 0.05). For mothers with VLBW infants, Bacillus was enriched before feeding, while Lactobacillales was predominant after feeding (P < 0.05). There was a moderate correlation between the diversity of HM bacteria and infant development and immune outcomes. CONCLUSION Breastfeeding of preterm infants can significantly affect the bacterial diversity in HM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Long
- Department of Neonatology, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Maternal and Child Health HospitalNanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Hongjuan Bi
- Department of Neonatology, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Maternal and Child Health HospitalNanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
- Graduate School, Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Shangjuan Zeng
- Department of Neonatology, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Maternal and Child Health HospitalNanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Shuangjie Wang
- Department of Neonatology, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Maternal and Child Health HospitalNanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Maternal and Child Health HospitalNanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jiayan Yao
- Department of Neonatology, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Maternal and Child Health HospitalNanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Department of Neonatology, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Maternal and Child Health HospitalNanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
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9
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Aydin Acar C, Pehlivanoglu S, Yesilot S, Tasdemir HI. The Effect of Breast Milk from Different Lactation Stages on in Vitro Wound Healing. Breastfeed Med 2024. [PMID: 38853683 DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2024.0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Objective: Wound healing is a complex and dynamic process essential for restoring tissue integrity and homeostasis. It is thought that breast milk contributes positively to the wound healing process, thanks to the components it contains. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of breast milk on the wound healing process at different lactation stages and to evaluate the underlying mechanism(s). Materials and Methods: The effects of breast milk from different lactation stages (colostrum, transitional, and mature milk) on wound healing were determined by in vitro scratch assay in L929 fibroblast cells. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), total oxidant, and antioxidant capacity were used to confirm antioxidant effects. The effect of breast milk on netrin-1 levels in L929 cells was elucidated by ELISA. Results: Breast milk at different lactation stages promoted wound healing. While the wound closure percentage was determined as 48.7% in the control group, this rate was determined to be the highest at 81.6% in the mature milk group (p:0.0002). The free radical scavenging capacity of colostrum, transitional, and mature milk with DPPH was determined as 49.69%, 60.64%, and 80.85%, respectively, depending on the lactation stages. Netrin-1 levels detected by ELISA were determined as 490.1 ± 6.5 pg/mL in the control group, while the lowest level was determined as 376.6 ± 4.5 pg/mL in mature milk (p:0.0003). Conclusions: Breast milk, especially mature milk, promoted wound healing on L929 cells by suppressing netrin-1 levels and scavenging free radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cigdem Aydin Acar
- Bucak School of Health, Department of Nursing, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
- Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Suray Pehlivanoglu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Sukriye Yesilot
- Bucak School of Health, Department of Nursing, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
- Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Halil Ibrahim Tasdemir
- Bucak School of Health, Department of Nursing, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
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10
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Zhang M, Qiao H, Yang S, Kwok LY, Zhang H, Zhang W. Human Breast Milk: The Role of Its Microbiota and Metabolites in Infant Health. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:10665-10678. [PMID: 38691667 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
This review explores the role of microorganisms and metabolites in human breast milk and their impact on neonatal health. Breast milk serves as both a primary source of nutrition for newborns and contributes to the development and maturation of the digestive, immunological, and neurological systems. It has the potential to reduce the risks of infections, allergies, and asthma. As our understanding of the properties of human milk advances, there is growing interest in incorporating its benefits into personalized infant nutrition strategies, particularly in situations in which breastfeeding is not an option. Future infant formula products are expected to emulate the composition and advantages of human milk, aligning with an evolving understanding of infant nutrition. The long-term health implications of human milk are still under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Hui Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Shuwei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Lai-Yu Kwok
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Heping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Wenyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
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11
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Guo W, Liu S, Khan MZ, Wang J, Chen T, Alugongo GM, Li S, Cao Z. Bovine milk microbiota: Key players, origins, and potential contributions to early-life gut development. J Adv Res 2024; 59:49-64. [PMID: 37423549 PMCID: PMC11081965 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bovine milk is a significant substitute for human breast milk and holds great importance in infant nutrition and health. Apart from essential nutrients, bovine milk also contains bioactive compounds, including a microbiota derived from milk itself rather than external sources of contamination. AIM OF REVIEW Recognizing the profound impact of bovine milk microorganisms on future generations, our review focuses on exploring their composition, origins, functions, and applications. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW Some of the primary microorganisms found in bovine milk are also present in human milk. These microorganisms are likely transferred to the mammary gland through two pathways: the entero-mammary pathway and the rumen-mammary pathway. We also elucidated potential mechanisms by which milk microbiota contribute to infant intestinal development. The mechanisms include the enhancing of the intestinal microecological niche, promoting the maturation of immune system, strengthening the intestinal epithelial barrier function, and interacting with milk components (e.g., oligosaccharides) via cross-feeding effect. However, given the limited understanding of bovine milk microbiota, further studies are necessary to validate hypotheses regarding their origins and to explore their functions and potential applications in early intestinal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Muhammad Z Khan
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, The University of Agriculture, Dera Ismail Khan 29220, Pakistan
| | - Jingjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tianyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Gibson M Alugongo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shengli Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhijun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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12
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Wang D, Yang H, Ma S, Liu T, Yan M, Dong M, Zhang M, Zhang T, Zhang X, Xu L, Huang X, Chen H. Transcriptomic Changes and Regulatory Networks Associated with Resistance to Mastitis in Xinjiang Brown Cattle. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:465. [PMID: 38674399 PMCID: PMC11049461 DOI: 10.3390/genes15040465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Xinjiang brown cattle are highly resistant to disease and tolerant of roughage feeding. The identification of genes regulating mastitis resistance in Xinjiang brown cattle is a novel means of genetic improvement. In this study, the blood levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and TGF-β in Xinjiang brown cattle with high and low somatic cell counts (SCCs) were investigated, showing that cytokine levels were higher in cattle with high SCCs. The peripheral blood transcriptomic profiles of healthy and mastitis-affected cattle were constructed by RNA-seq. Differential expression analysis identified 1632 differentially expressed mRNAs (DE-mRNAs), 1757 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DE-lncRNAs), and 23 differentially expressed circRNAs (DE-circRNAs), which were found to be enriched in key pathways such as PI3K/Akt, focal adhesion, and ECM-receptor interactions. Finally, ceRNA interaction networks were constructed using the differentially expressed genes and ceRNAs. It was found that keynote genes or mRNAs were also enriched in pathways such as PI3K-Akt, cholinergic synapses, cell adhesion molecules, ion binding, cytokine receptor activity, and peptide receptor activity, suggesting that the key genes and ncRNAs in the network may play an important role in the regulation of bovine mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830091, China; (D.W.); (S.M.); (T.L.); (M.Y.); (M.D.); (M.Z.); (T.Z.); (X.Z.); (L.X.)
| | - Haiyan Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China;
| | - Shengchao Ma
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830091, China; (D.W.); (S.M.); (T.L.); (M.Y.); (M.D.); (M.Z.); (T.Z.); (X.Z.); (L.X.)
| | - Tingting Liu
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830091, China; (D.W.); (S.M.); (T.L.); (M.Y.); (M.D.); (M.Z.); (T.Z.); (X.Z.); (L.X.)
| | - Mengjie Yan
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830091, China; (D.W.); (S.M.); (T.L.); (M.Y.); (M.D.); (M.Z.); (T.Z.); (X.Z.); (L.X.)
| | - Mingming Dong
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830091, China; (D.W.); (S.M.); (T.L.); (M.Y.); (M.D.); (M.Z.); (T.Z.); (X.Z.); (L.X.)
| | - Menghua Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830091, China; (D.W.); (S.M.); (T.L.); (M.Y.); (M.D.); (M.Z.); (T.Z.); (X.Z.); (L.X.)
| | - Tao Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830091, China; (D.W.); (S.M.); (T.L.); (M.Y.); (M.D.); (M.Z.); (T.Z.); (X.Z.); (L.X.)
| | - Xiaoxue Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830091, China; (D.W.); (S.M.); (T.L.); (M.Y.); (M.D.); (M.Z.); (T.Z.); (X.Z.); (L.X.)
| | - Lei Xu
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830091, China; (D.W.); (S.M.); (T.L.); (M.Y.); (M.D.); (M.Z.); (T.Z.); (X.Z.); (L.X.)
| | - Xixia Huang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830091, China; (D.W.); (S.M.); (T.L.); (M.Y.); (M.D.); (M.Z.); (T.Z.); (X.Z.); (L.X.)
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China;
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13
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Yu J, Zhang Y, Wells JCK, Wei Z, Bajaj-Elliott M, Nielsen DS, Fewtrell MS. A Stress Reduction Intervention for Lactating Mothers Alters Maternal Gut, Breast Milk, and Infant Gut Microbiomes: Data from a Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2024; 16:1074. [PMID: 38613107 PMCID: PMC11013067 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This secondary analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) investigated how the maternal gut, breast milk, and infant gut microbiomes may contribute to the effects of a relaxation intervention, which reduced maternal stress and promoted infant weight gain. METHODS An RCT was undertaken in healthy Chinese primiparous mother-infant pairs (340/7-376/7gestation weeks). Mothers were randomly allocated to either the intervention group (IG, listening to relaxation meditation) or the control group (CG). Outcomes were the differences in microbiome composition and the diversity in the maternal gut, breast milk, and infant gut at 1 (baseline) and 8 weeks (post-intervention) between IG and CG, assessed using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of fecal and breastmilk samples. RESULTS In total, 38 mother-infant pairs were included in this analysis (IG = 19, CG = 19). The overall microbiome community structure in the maternal gut was significantly different between the IG and CG at 1 week, with the difference being more significant at 8 weeks (Bray-Curtis distance R2 = 0.04 vs. R2 = 0.13). Post-intervention, a significantly lower α-diversity was observed in IG breast milk (observed features: CG = 295 vs. IG = 255, p = 0.032); the Bifidobacterium genera presented a higher relative abundance. A significantly higher α-diversity was observed in IG infant gut (observed features: CG = 73 vs. IG = 113, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The findings were consistent with the hypothesis that the microbiome might mediate observed relaxation intervention effects via gut-brain axis and entero-mammary pathways; but confirmation is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyue Yu
- Childhood Nutrition Research Group, Population, Policy & Practice Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK; (J.Y.); (J.C.K.W.)
| | - Yan Zhang
- Microbiota Division, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China;
| | - Jonathan C. K. Wells
- Childhood Nutrition Research Group, Population, Policy & Practice Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK; (J.Y.); (J.C.K.W.)
| | - Zhuang Wei
- Department of Child Healthcare, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing 100045, China;
| | - Mona Bajaj-Elliott
- Infection, Immunity & Inflammation Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK;
| | | | - Mary S. Fewtrell
- Childhood Nutrition Research Group, Population, Policy & Practice Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK; (J.Y.); (J.C.K.W.)
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14
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Wiley KS, Gregg AM, Fox MM, Lagishetty V, Sandman CA, Jacobs JP, Glynn LM. Contact with caregivers is associated with composition of the infant gastrointestinal microbiome in the first 6 months of life. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2024; 183:e24858. [PMID: 37804008 PMCID: PMC10922139 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.24858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Little is known about how physical contact at birth and early caregiving environments influence the colonization of the infant gastrointestinal microbiome. We investigated how infant contact with caregivers at birth and within the first 2 weeks of life relates to the composition of the gastrointestinal microbiome in a sample of U.S. infants (n = 60). METHODS Skin-to-skin and physical contact with caregivers at birth and early caregiving environments were surveyed at 2 weeks postpartum. Stool samples were collected from infants at 2 weeks, 2, 6, and 12 months of age and underwent 16S rRNA sequencing as a proxy for the gastrointestinal microbiome. Associations between early caregiving environments and alpha and beta diversity, and differential abundance of bacteria at the genus level were assessed using PERMANOVA, and negative binomial mixed models in DEseq2. RESULTS Time in physical contact with caregivers explained 10% of variation in beta diversity at 2 weeks' age. The number of caregivers in the first few weeks of life explained 9% of variation in beta diversity at 2 weeks and the number of individuals in physical contact at birth explained 11% of variation in beta diversity at 6 months. Skin-to-skin contact on the day of birth was positively associated with the abundance of eight genera. Infants held for by more individuals had greater abundance of eight genera. DISCUSSION Results reveal a potential mechanism (skin-to-skin and physical contact) by which caregivers influence the infant gastrointestinal microbiome. Our findings contribute to work exploring the social transmission of microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle S Wiley
- Department of Anthropology, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Andrew M Gregg
- The Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Molly M Fox
- Department of Anthropology, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Venu Lagishetty
- The Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- UCLA Microbiome Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Curt A Sandman
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, UC Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Jonathan P Jacobs
- The Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- UCLA Microbiome Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Laura M Glynn
- Department of Psychology, Chapman University, Orange, California, USA
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15
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Landete JM, Montiel R, Rodríguez-Mínguez E, Arqués JL. Enterocins Produced by Enterococci Isolated from Breast-Fed Infants: Antilisterial Potential. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:261. [PMID: 38397373 PMCID: PMC10887673 DOI: 10.3390/children11020261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Enterocins are bacteriocins synthesized by Enterococcus strains that show an interesting antimicrobial effectiveness against foodborne pathogens such as Listeria monocytogenes. The objectives of this study were to identify and analyze the expression of enterocin genes of Enterococcus isolated from breast-fed infants and evaluate their ability to inhibit three human isolates of virulent L. monocytogenes, as well as some probiotic bacteria. The susceptibility of the strains of L. monocytogenes to fifteen antibiotics was tested, detecting their resistance to cefoxitin (constitutively resistant), oxacillin, and clindamycin. The production of enterocins A, B, and P was observed in Enterococcus faecium isolates, while enterocin AS-48 was detected in an Enterococcus faecalis isolate. AS-48 showed antilisterial activity by itself, while the joint action of enterocins A and B or B and P was necessary for inhibiting L. monocytogenes, demonstrating the synergistic effect of those combinations. The presence of multiple enterocin genes does not assure the inhibition of L. monocytogenes strains. However, the expression of multiple enterocin genes showed a good correlation with the inhibition capacity of these strains. Furthermore, the potential beneficial strains of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria examined were not inhibited by any of the enterocins produced individually or in combination, with the exception of Bifidobacterium longum BB536, which was inhibited by enterocin AS-48 and the joint production of enterocins A and B or B and P. The enterocins studied here could be candidates for developing alternative treatments against antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. Moreover, these selected enterocin-producing E. faecium strains isolated from breast-fed infants could be used as probiotic strains due to their antilisterial effect, as well as the absence of virulence factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Juan L. Arqués
- Department of Food Technology, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, INIA-CSIC, Carretera de La Coruña Km 7, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.L.); (R.M.); (E.R.-M.)
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16
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Simões R, Ribeiro AC, Dias R, Freitas V, Soares S, Pérez-Gregorio R. Unveiling the Immunomodulatory Potential of Phenolic Compounds in Food Allergies. Nutrients 2024; 16:551. [PMID: 38398875 PMCID: PMC10891931 DOI: 10.3390/nu16040551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Food allergies are becoming ever more prevalent around the world. This pathology is characterized by the breakdown of oral tolerance to ingested food allergens, resulting in allergic reactions in subsequent exposures. Due to the possible severity of the symptoms associated with this pathology, new approaches to prevent it and reduce associated symptoms are of utmost importance. In this framework, dietary phenolic compounds appear as a tool with a not fully explored potential. Some phenolic compounds have been pointed to with the ability to modulate food allergies and possibly reduce their symptoms. These compounds can modulate food allergies through many different mechanisms, such as altering the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of potentially immunogenic peptides, by modulating the human immune system and by modulating the composition of the human microbiome that resides in the oral cavity and the gastrointestinal tract. This review deepens the state-of-the-art of the modulation of these mechanisms by phenolic compounds. While this review shows clear evidence that dietary supplementation with foods rich in phenolic compounds might constitute a new approach to the management of food allergies, it also highlights the need for further research to delve into the mechanisms of action of these compounds and decipher systematic structure/activity relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Simões
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua Campo Alegre 687, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Food and Health Omics Group, Food and Agroecology Institute, University of Vigo, Campus As Lagoas, s/n, 32004 Ourense, Spain
- Food and Health Omics Group, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IISGS), SERGAS-UVIGO, 32002 Ourense, Spain
| | - Ana Catarina Ribeiro
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua Campo Alegre 687, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Dias
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua Campo Alegre 687, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Victor Freitas
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua Campo Alegre 687, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Susana Soares
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua Campo Alegre 687, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rosa Pérez-Gregorio
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua Campo Alegre 687, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Food and Health Omics Group, Food and Agroecology Institute, University of Vigo, Campus As Lagoas, s/n, 32004 Ourense, Spain
- Food and Health Omics Group, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IISGS), SERGAS-UVIGO, 32002 Ourense, Spain
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Jovanovic A, Pekmezovic T, Mesaros S, Novakovic I, Peterlin B, Veselinovic N, Tamas O, Ivanovic J, Maric G, Andabaka M, Momcilovic N, Drulovic J. Exclusive breastfeeding may be a protective factor in individuals with familial multiple sclerosis. A population registry-based case-control study. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2024; 82:105392. [PMID: 38159366 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2023.105392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disease that affects the central nervous system, which most likely results from the interplay between environmental and genetic factors. The aim of our study was to assess the effect of breastfeeding on the risk of developing familial multiple sclerosis (fMS) in persons with positive MS history, being the first such investigation performed in fMS cohort. METHODS A case-control study based on the Belgrade population MS Registry was conducted. Cases for the sporadic MS (sMS) control group were randomly selected from the Registry, and matched with individuals with fMS at a ratio of 1:1. Spouses of the persons with fMS were included as a healthy control (HC) group. A specific questionnaire that was previously validated was used to obtain the data. To evaluate risk factors associated with breastfeeding for fMS occurrence compared with sMS and HC, multinomial regression analysis was performed to compute the relative risk ratios (RRR) along with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). The analysis was afterwards repeated, stratified by sex. Both models were adjusted for potential confounding factors. RESULTS A total of 393 participants were included in our case-control study, 131 per group. There were more individuals who were exclusively breastfed longer than six months in the sMS group compared to fMS group (RRR 2.01, 95% CI 1.22-3.32). After stratification by sex, exclusive breastfeeding was shown to be a protective factor for fMS only in male population, for individuals breastfed ≥4 months. The results of both the main and stratified analysis remained robust after adjustment. CONCLUSION Our study findings indicate that breastfeeding reduces the risk of MS in infants with family history of the disease, although this protective effect may be limited to the male population. Further investigation into the differences in risk factors between fMS and sMS is warranted to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksa Jovanovic
- Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Pekmezovic
- Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sarlota Mesaros
- Clinic of Neurology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Novakovic
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Borut Peterlin
- Clinical Institute for Medical Genetics, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nikola Veselinovic
- Clinic of Neurology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Olivera Tamas
- Clinic of Neurology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jovana Ivanovic
- Clinic of Neurology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Gorica Maric
- Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marko Andabaka
- Clinic of Neurology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nikola Momcilovic
- Clinic of Neurology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Drulovic
- Clinic of Neurology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
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18
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Fodor E, Nagy RN, Nógrádi A, Toovey S, Kamal MA, Vadász P, Bencsik P, Görbe A, Ferdinandy P. An Observational Study on the Pharmacokinetics of Oseltamivir in Lactating Influenza Patients. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2024; 115:318-323. [PMID: 37975276 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.3107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Influenza infection may lead to serious complications in the postpartum period, therefore, oseltamivir treatment in these patients and their breastfed infants is of great importance. However, the pharmacokinetics of oseltamivir in postpartum lactating women with acute influenza infection, and the consequent infant exposure to oseltamivir are still unknown, and these data would help in assessing risk and the need for dose adjustment in breastfed infants. Six lactating women with influenza-like symptoms, at a standard dose of 75 mg oral oseltamivir twice daily for 5 days, were recruited in this phase IV clinical study during the 2011/2012 H1N1 pandemic seasons. Breast milk/colostrum and venous blood samples were taken at multiple timepoints, maternal urine samples were obtained from total output within the 12-hour observational period following the seventh dose of oseltamivir. Oseltamivir phosphate (OP) reached a maximum 69.5 ± 29.4 ng/mL concentration in breast milk, higher than that found in the plasma, and showed elimination within ~ 8 hours. Oseltamivir carboxylate (active metabolite of OP) showed a lower, nearly steady-state concentration in breast milk during the observational period (maximum plasma concentration (Cmax ) = 38.4 ± 12.9 ng/mL). Based on estimated daily milk consumption of exclusively breastfed infants, their calculated daily exposure is < 0.1% of the infant dose of oseltamivir for treatment of influenza as per marketing authorization. Here, we provide the first maternal breast milk pharmacokinetic data for oral multiple-dose oseltamivir in lactating patients with influenza and showed that its concentration in the breast milk is not sufficient to reach a therapeutic dose for breastfed infants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Regina N Nagy
- MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | | | - Péter Vadász
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Selye János Hospital, Komárom, Hungary
| | - Péter Bencsik
- Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Anikó Görbe
- Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
- MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
- MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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19
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Yi EJ, Nguyen TTM, Jin X, Bellere AD, Kim MJ, Yi TH. Human Milk-Derived Enterococcus faecalis HM20: A Potential Alternative Agent of Antimicrobial Effect against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Microorganisms 2024; 12:306. [PMID: 38399710 PMCID: PMC10892211 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The increasing global impact of skin diseases, fueled by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), emphasizes the necessity for alternative therapies with lower toxicity, such as lactic acid bacteria (LAB). This study aims to isolate potential LAB from human milk and evaluate their efficacy against MRSA using various methods, including well diffusion, microdilution, crystal violet assay, enzymatic characterization, SDS-PAGE, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Among the 26 LAB screened, the human milk-derived strain HM20 exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against S. aureus CCARM 3089 (MRSA), which is a highly resistant skin pathogen. Through 16S rRNA sequencing, strain HM20 was identified as closely related to Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 19433T, which was subsequently designated as Enterococcus faecalis HM20. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the cell-free supernatant (CFS) of HM20 against S. aureus KCTC 3881 and S. aureus CCARM 3089 was determined to be 6.25% and 12.5%, respectively. Furthermore, the effective inhibition of biofilm formation in S. aureus KCTC 3881 and S. aureus CCARM 3089 was observed at concentrations of 12.5% and 25% or higher, respectively. The antibacterial effect of the CFS was attributed to the presence of organic acids, hydrogen peroxide, and bacteriocins. Additionally, the antimicrobial peptides produced by HM20 were found to be stable under heat treatment and analyzed to have a size below 5 kDa. SEM image observations confirmed that the CFS of HM20 caused damage to the cell wall, forming pores and wrinkles on S. aureus KCTC 3881 and S. aureus CCARM 3089. This comprehensive investigation on strain HM20 conducted in this study provides foundational data for potential developments in functional materials aimed at addressing skin infections and antibiotic-resistant strains in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ji Yi
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea; (E.-J.Y.); (T.T.M.N.); (A.D.B.)
| | - Trang Thi Minh Nguyen
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea; (E.-J.Y.); (T.T.M.N.); (A.D.B.)
| | - Xiangji Jin
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dong-daemun, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
| | - Arce Defeo Bellere
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea; (E.-J.Y.); (T.T.M.N.); (A.D.B.)
| | - Mi-Ju Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hoo Yi
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea; (E.-J.Y.); (T.T.M.N.); (A.D.B.)
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20
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Islas-Fabila P, Roldán-Santiago P, de la Cruz-Cruz LA, Limón-Morales O, Dutro-Aceves A, Orozco-Gregorio H, Bonilla-Jaime H. Importance of Selected Nutrients and Additives in the Feed of Pregnant Sows for the Survival of Newborn Piglets. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:418. [PMID: 38338061 PMCID: PMC10854669 DOI: 10.3390/ani14030418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This systematic review analyzed the effect of selected nutrients and additives in the feed of pregnant sows on the survival of newborn piglets. We analyzed 720 peer-reviewed publications in English in PubMed® and Web of Science®, dated July 2023 to January 2024, related to the effect of dietary supplementation with fatty acids and various percentages of protein, amino acids, and/or sources of dietary fiber on the offspring of gestating sows. While several papers evaluated the effect of nutrition on gestating sows, only a few delved into the distinct feeding strategies required at each stage of gestation to meet the NRC's nutritional requirements for maternal tissue gain and postnatal neonatal survival and growth. This body of research suggests that as gestation progresses the sow's nutritional requirements increase, as the NRC established, to satisfy their own metabolic needs and those of their fetuses. Additional research is needed to determine an optimal feeding strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Islas-Fabila
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Mexico City 09340, Mexico;
| | - Patricia Roldán-Santiago
- Departamento de Reproducción, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Luis Alberto de la Cruz-Cruz
- Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad del Valle de México-Coyoacán, Calzada de Tlalpan, Mexico City 04910, Mexico; (L.A.d.l.C.-C.); (A.D.-A.)
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Coapa, Villa Quietud, Coyoacán, Mexico City 04960, Mexico;
| | - Ofelia Limón-Morales
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Mexico City 09340, Mexico;
| | - Anna Dutro-Aceves
- Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad del Valle de México-Coyoacán, Calzada de Tlalpan, Mexico City 04910, Mexico; (L.A.d.l.C.-C.); (A.D.-A.)
| | - Héctor Orozco-Gregorio
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Coapa, Villa Quietud, Coyoacán, Mexico City 04960, Mexico;
| | - Herlinda Bonilla-Jaime
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Mexico City 09340, Mexico;
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21
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Ma H, Li Y, Han P, Zhang R, Yuan J, Sun Y, Li J, Chen J. Effects of Supplementing Drinking Water of Parental Pigeons with Enterococcus faecium and Bacillus subtilis on Antibody Levels and Microbiomes in Squabs. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:178. [PMID: 38254347 PMCID: PMC10812638 DOI: 10.3390/ani14020178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium) and Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) are widely used as probiotics to improve performance in animal production, but there have been few reports of their impacts on pigeon milk. In this study, twenty-four pairs of parental pigeons were randomly divided into four groups, with six replicates, and each pair feeding three squabs. The control group drank normal water. The E. faecium group, B. subtilis group, and mixed group drank water supplemented with 3 × 106 CFU/mL E. faecium, 2 × 107 CFU/mL B. subtilis, and a mixture of these two probiotics, respectively. The experiment lasted 19 days. The results demonstrated that the IgA and IgG levels were significantly higher in the milk of Group D pigeons than in the other groups. At the phylum level, Fimicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes were the three main phyla identified. At the genus level, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Veillonella, and Enterococcus were the four main genera identified. In conclusion, drinking water supplemented with E. faecium and B. subtilis could improve immunoglobulin levels in pigeon milk, and this could increase the ability of squabs to resist disease. E. faecium and B. subtilis could be used as probiotics in the pigeon industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (H.M.); (Y.L.); (R.Z.); (J.Y.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yunlei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (H.M.); (Y.L.); (R.Z.); (J.Y.); (Y.S.)
| | - Pengmin Han
- Ningxia Xiaoming Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Limited Company, Yinchuan 750000, China;
| | - Ran Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (H.M.); (Y.L.); (R.Z.); (J.Y.); (Y.S.)
| | - Jingwei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (H.M.); (Y.L.); (R.Z.); (J.Y.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yanyan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (H.M.); (Y.L.); (R.Z.); (J.Y.); (Y.S.)
| | - Jianhui Li
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030800, China
| | - Jilan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (H.M.); (Y.L.); (R.Z.); (J.Y.); (Y.S.)
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22
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Heindel DW, Figueroa Acosta DM, Goff M, Yengo CK, Jan M, Liu X, Wang XH, Petrova MI, Zhang M, Sagar M, Barnette P, Pandey S, Hessell AJ, Chan KW, Kong XP, Chen BK, Mahal LK, Bensing BA, Hioe CE. HIV-1 interaction with an O-glycan-specific bacterial lectin enhances virus infectivity and resistance to neutralization by antibodies. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-2596269. [PMID: 36824869 PMCID: PMC9949255 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2596269/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria dysbiosis has been associated with an increased risk of HIV-1 transmission and acquisition. The prevalent idea is that bacteria dysbiosis compromises mucosal integrity and promotes inflammatory conditions to cause recruitment and activation of immune cells that harbor or are targeted by HIV-1. However, it is also possible that HIV-1 directly binds bacteria or bacterial products to impact virus infectivity and transmissibility. This study evaluated HIV-1 interactions with bacteria through glycan-binding lectins. The Streptococcal Siglec-like lectin SLBR-N, which is part of the fimbriae shrouding the bacteria surface and recognizes α2,3 sialyated O-linked glycans, was noted for its ability to enhance HIV-1 infectivity in the context of cell-free infection and cell-to-cell transfer. Enhancing effects were recapitulated with O-glycan-binding plant lectins, signifying the importance of O-glycans. Conversely, N-glycan-binding bacterial lectins FimH and Msl had no effect. SLBR-N was demonstrated to capture and transfer infectious HIV-1 virions, bind to O-glycans on HIV-1 Env, and increase HIV-1 resistance to broadly neutralizing antibodies targeting different regions of Env. Hence, this study highlights the potential contribution of O-glycans in promoting HIV-1 infection through the exploitation of O-glycan-binding lectins from commensal bacteria at the mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W Heindel
- Divison of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dania M Figueroa Acosta
- Divison of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marisa Goff
- Divison of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Clauvis Kunkeng Yengo
- Divison of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Muzafar Jan
- Divison of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Present address: Department of Biochemistry, Government Degree College Handwara, University of Kashmir, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Xiaomei Liu
- Divison of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiao-Hong Wang
- VA New York Harbor Healthcare System-Manhattan, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Mariya I Petrova
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Present address: Microbiome Insights and Probiotics Consultancy, Karlovo, Bulgaria
| | - Mo Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Manish Sagar
- Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Virology, Immunology and Microbiology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, USA
| | - Phillip Barnette
- Division of Pathobiology and Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Shilpi Pandey
- Division of Pathobiology and Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Ann J Hessell
- Division of Pathobiology and Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Kun-Wei Chan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiang-Peng Kong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin K Chen
- Divison of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lara K Mahal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Barbara A Bensing
- Department of Medicine, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Catarina E Hioe
- Divison of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, USA
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23
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Temimi WKAAL, Kadhim MA, Khalaf AA. Partial purification of linoleic acid isomerase enzyme from Lactobacillus paracasei bacteria isolated from milk. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e258276. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.258276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) has attracted the attention of many researchers, especially that of microbial origin due to its biological importance to the consumer. The current study aims to extract LA Isomerase enzyme from Lactobacillus paracasei bacteria from milk and to use the enzyme in the production of CLA. Selective media, including MRS and MRS-Dagatose, were used in isolating local strains. The selected bacterial isolates were tested for their ability to produce LA-Isomerase enzyme. The isolate with high enzymatic activity was selected. After extraction and partial purification of the enzyme, the optimal conditions for the production of conjugated fatty acid were studied, and the reaction products were diagnosed using GC-MS technology. It was found that 11 isolates have the ability to produce CLA at different concentrations, H1 isolate showed the highest production of conjugated fatty acid at a concentration of 120.45 g.ml-1, this isolate was selected as the source for enzyme extraction. The enzymatic activity of the crude extract and partially purified with ammonium sulfate was estimated using color methods at wavelength of 233 nm. The effect of the optimum conditions (pH, temperature, linoleic acid concentration and enzyme concentration) on the CLA product was studied using the partially purified LA Isomerase enzyme, the optimum conditions for production were 6.5, 45 °C, 100 μg.ml-1 and 0.7 ml, respectively. The GC-MS technique showed the presence of a number of reaction products that are isomers of conjugated linoleic acid (C9T11, T9T12, T10C12) with different concentrations.
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24
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Shi B, Li H, He X. Advancing lifelong precision medicine for cardiovascular diseases through gut microbiota modulation. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2323237. [PMID: 38411391 PMCID: PMC10900281 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2323237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome is known as the tenth system of the human body that plays a vital role in the intersection between health and disease. The considerable inter-individual variability in gut microbiota poses both challenges and great prospects in promoting precision medicine in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). In this review, based on the development, evolution, and influencing factors of gut microbiota in a full life circle, we summarized the recent advances on the characteristic alteration in gut microbiota in CVDs throughout different life stages, and depicted their pathological links in mechanism, as well as the highlight achievements of targeting gut microbiota in CVDs prevention, diagnosis and treatment. Personalized strategies could be tailored according to gut microbiota characteristics in different life stages, including gut microbiota-blood metabolites combined prediction and diagnosis, dietary interventions, lifestyle improvements, probiotic or prebiotic supplements. However, to fulfill the promise of a lifelong cardiovascular health, more mechanism studies should progress from correlation to causality and decipher novel mechanisms linking specific microbes and CVDs. It is also promising to use the burgeoning artificial intelligence and machine learning to target gut microbiota for developing diagnosis system and screening for new therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bozhong Shi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoyu Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaomin He
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Heart Center and Shanghai Institute of Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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25
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Panigrahi P. The neonatal gut microbiome and global health. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2352175. [PMID: 38743045 PMCID: PMC11095572 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2352175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of gut microbiome in health, a century-old concept, has been on the center stage of medical research recently. While different body sites, disease conditions, and populations have been targeted, neonatal and early infancy appear to be the most suitable period for such interventions. It is intriguing to note that, unlike traditional use in diarrhea and maintenance of gastrointestinal health, microbiome-mediating therapies have now addressed the most serious medical conditions in young infants such as necrotizing enterocolitis and neonatal sepsis. Unfortunately, almost all new endeavors in this space have been carried out in the Western world leaving behind millions of neonates that can benefit from such manipulations while serving as a large resource for further learning. In this review, an attempt has been made to quantify the global burden of neonatal morbidity and mortality, examples presented on interventions that have failed as a result of drawing from studies conducted in the West, and a case made for manipulating the neonatal gut microbiome to address the biggest killers in early life. A brief comparative analysis has been made to demonstrate the differences in the gut microbiota of North and South and a large clinical trial of synbiotics conducted by our group in a South Asian setting has been presented. Although challenging, the value of conducting such global health research is introduced with an intent to invite medical scientists to engage in well-planned, scientifically robust research endeavors. This can bring about innovation while saving and serving the most vulnerable citizens now and protecting them from the negative health consequences in the later part of their lives, ultimately shaping a resilient and equitable world as pledged by 193 United Nations member countries in 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinaki Panigrahi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal Perinatal Medicine, International Microbiome Research, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown, WA, USA
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26
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Zurutuza JI, Gonzalez S, Calderón AL, Caba M, Ramos FR. Changes in the Immunology of Breast Milk From Obese or Overweight Women: a Brief Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e52207. [PMID: 38327967 PMCID: PMC10847007 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.52207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
A systematic search was carried out through search platforms and specialized databases, such as Academic Google, PubMed, and Scopus, using thesauri: breast feeding, obesity, immunology, and human milk in English and Spanish, and those articles published from January 2000 to December 2021, in both languages. Only those reports that included quantitative data on immunological components in the milk of normal-weight and overweight women were considered. The PRISMA 2020 guides were used, and a total of 306 articles were reviewed, of which a total of 33 were included, according to the basic inclusion criteria. It was observed that in obese mothers, there is an increase in certain immune cells, such as B lymphocytes, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and NK cells, and cytokines, such as IL-6 and IFN-γ; other alterations included the bacterial population and proteins with antibacterial action. Also, a decrease in growth factors such as TGF-β and IFG-1 was documented in overweight women. Immunoglobulin concentrations did not show substantial changes. This brief review shows that maternal overweight is associated with changes in the biochemical and immunological parameters of milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge I Zurutuza
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Centro de Investigaciones Biomedicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, MEX
| | - Santiago Gonzalez
- Chemistry, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, MEX
| | - Ana L Calderón
- Neuropathology, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugia, Ciudad de Mexico, MEX
| | - Mario Caba
- Neuroscience, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, MEX
| | - Fernando R Ramos
- Chemistry, Instituto de Quimica Aplicada, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, MEX
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27
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Merter ÖS, Altay N. Effect of Feeding Fresh or Frozen Breast Milk on the Gut Microbiota of Premature Infants: A Prospective Observational Study. Biol Res Nurs 2024; 26:78-90. [PMID: 37626020 DOI: 10.1177/10998004231191728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast milk is essential for premature infants. It contains a variety of functional and protective nutrients that help to create a suitable microenvironment for intestinal development and maturation. This prospective and observational study was planned to examine the effects of feeding premature infants with fresh or frozen breastmilk on their gut microbiota. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was carried out with a total of 40 infants, with a gestational age of 28-326 weeks, fed fresh (n = 20) or frozen (n = 20) breastmilk. Stool samples were stored at -80°C until analysis. Infants were included in groups based on the feed type, which accounted for more than 70% of their 10-day feeding. The Mann-Whitney U, Chi-square, and t-tests were used to evaluate the demographic data. Stool samples were analyzed by sequencing the V3--V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene from the extracted DNA for microbiota analysis. RESULTS Streptococcus and Enterobacteriales, the majority of which are considered human pathogens, in infants receiving frozen breastmilk (Streptococcus 69%, Enterobacteriales 79%) was higher than that in infants receiving fresh breastmilk (Streptococcus 16%, Enterobacteriales 49%). Further, the Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species were more abundant in infants who received fresh breastmilk (Lactobacillus 17%, Bifidobacterium 12%) than in infants who received frozen breastmilk (Lactobacillus 3%, Bifidobacterium 1%). CONCLUSION Thus, compared to frozen breast milk, fresh breastmilk has an effect on the diversity of preterm infants' gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özlem Selime Merter
- Health Sciences Faculty, Nursing Department, Firat University, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Naime Altay
- Faculty of Nursing, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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28
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Indrio F, Dargenio VN. Preventing and Treating Colic: An Update. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1449:59-78. [PMID: 39060731 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-58572-2_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Infantile colic (IC) is c is a self-limiting functional gastrointestinal disorder (FGID) with a favorable natural history. Worldwide, IC has a significant impact on many newborns and their families. Although not an indication of an illness, its symptoms are wide and generic and may indicate a potentially serious underlying issue in a tiny percentage of newborns who may require a medical evaluation. The pathogenesis appears to be multifactorial implying a complex relationship between the infant and the environment. One of the most studied theories attributes a key role to the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of IC. A variety of approaches have been suggested for the clinical management of IC, and several randomized controlled trials have been reported in the literature. Probiotics can change the host's microbiota and positively impact health. They may be able to restore balance and create a better intestinal microbiota landscape since there is mounting evidence that the gut microbial environment of colicky newborns differs from that of healthy infants. In this review, we revise the most commonly studied probiotics and mixtures to treat and prevent IC and the most recent recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Indrio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy
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Naderi N, Mosahebi A, Williams NR. Microorganisms and Breast Cancer: An In-Depth Analysis of Clinical Studies. Pathogens 2023; 13:6. [PMID: 38276152 PMCID: PMC10819802 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a multifactorial disease that affects millions of women worldwide. Recent work has shown intriguing connections between microorganisms and breast cancer, which might have implications for prevention and treatment. This article analyzed 117 relevant breast cancer clinical studies listed on ClinicalTrials.gov selected using a bespoke set of 38 search terms focused on bacteria, viruses, and fungi. This was supplemented with 20 studies found from a search of PubMed. The resulting 137 studies were described by their characteristics such as geographic distribution, interventions used, start date and status, etc. The studies were then collated into thematic groups for a descriptive analysis to identify knowledge gaps and emerging trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naghmeh Naderi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London NW3 2QG, UK; (N.N.); (A.M.)
- Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London W1W 7TY, UK
| | - Afshin Mosahebi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London NW3 2QG, UK; (N.N.); (A.M.)
- Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London W1W 7TY, UK
| | - Norman R. Williams
- Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London W1W 7TY, UK
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Filatava EJ, Liu Z, Xie J, Tran DB, Chen K, El Habbal N, Weinstock G, Zhou Y, Gregory KE. The preterm human milk microbiota fluctuates by postpartum week and is characterized by gestational age and maternal BMI. mBio 2023; 14:e0210623. [PMID: 37975676 PMCID: PMC10746270 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02106-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Despite a growing recognition that the type of nutrition received by preterm infants influences their intestinal microbiome and health outcomes, the microbiota of mother's own milk (MOM), pasteurized donor human milk (PDHM), and infant formula remain poorly characterized. In our study, we found that the structure of microbial communities, bacterial diversity, and relative abundances of specific genera were significantly different between MOM, PDHM, and formula. Additionally, our results suggest that the microbiota of MOM changes as a function of time and maternal factors. Lastly, we identified three lactotypes within MOM that have distinct microbial compositions and described the maternal factors associated with them. These findings set the stage for future research aimed at advancing our knowledge of the microbiota of preterm infant nutrition and the specific influence it may have on health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhongmao Liu
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jiaojiao Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | | | - Kun Chen
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | | | | | - Yanjiao Zhou
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
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Jin L, Ye H, Yang Y, Liu J, Li R, Zheng H. Treatment of lactational mastitis with Gualou Xiaoyong soup and painless lactation promoting technique: A case series. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e36384. [PMID: 38050191 PMCID: PMC10695488 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lactational mastitis is a common and frequently disease in clinical practice, characterized by acute inflammation of the mammary ducts and surrounding connective tissues. The main manifestations are damage to the mammary gland acini, edema, and invasion of inflammatory cells. If not treated properly, it may lead to the formation of breast abscesses, or even sepsis, septic shock, and chronic inflammation of the breast, which may cause the disease to persist or recur multiple times, so that the patients suffer extreme pain, and the health of both the mother and child are directly affected. This disease not only causes suffering for women but also may result in the cessation of breastfeeding. Therefore, rapid and effective treatment is particularly important. CASE SUMMARY We report 3 cases of lactation mastitis patients showing good clinical efficacy after being treated with the Chinese medicine Gualou Xiaoyong soup and painless lactation promoting techniques. Gualou Xiaoyong soup combined with painless lactation promotion techniques can significantly reduce and eliminate the clinical symptoms of patients in the short term, and rapidly restore inflammatory indicators such as total white blood cells, neutrophils, C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin to normal levels. The patchy low echo area of the breast under B-ultrasound also disappears quickly. Therefore, we believe that this method is a good way to treat lactational mastitis and is worthy of clinical reference and research. However, this study has certain limitations: this study lacks a large sample of prospective controlled studies. Next, we will continue to collect relevant cases and conduct prospective case randomized controlled clinical studies. CONCLUSION The treatment of lactation mastitis with Gualou Xiaoyong soup and painless lactation promoting techniques can achieve good clinical results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Jin
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou City, China
| | - Huijun Ye
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou City, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou City, China
| | - Jiali Liu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou City, China
| | - Ruilan Li
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou City, China
| | - Huiling Zheng
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou City, China
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Debbag R, Torres JR, Falleiros-Arlant LH, Avila-Aguero ML, Brea-del Castillo J, Gentile A, Saez-Llorens X, Mascarenas A, Munoz FM, Torres JP, Vazquez L, Safadi MA, Espinal C, Ulloa-Gutierrez R, Pujadas M, Lopez P, López-Medina E, Ramilo O. Are the first 1,000 days of life a neglected vital period to prevent the impact on maternal and infant morbimortality of infectious diseases in Latin America? Proceedings of a workshop of experts from the Latin American Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society, SLIPE. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1297177. [PMID: 38098643 PMCID: PMC10720332 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1297177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
While the first 1,000 days of life are a critical period in child's development, limited information on the main determinants affecting this period in the Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region is available. Therefore, the Latin American Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (SLIPE) held an ad hoc workshop in May 2022 with an expert panel designed to analyze the main factors impacting the development of childhood in the region during this period and the main causes of maternal infant morbimortality. The aim was to identify priorities, generate recommendations, and advise practical actions to improve this situation. Considerations were made about the challenges involved in bridging the gap that separates the region from more developed countries regarding an optimal early childhood and maternal care. Extensive discussion was conducted to reach consensus recommendations on general strategies intended to reduce maternal and infant mortality associated with infections and immune-preventable diseases during the first 1,000 days of life in LAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Debbag
- President of Sociedad Latinoamericana de Infectología Pediátrica, SLIPE, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jaime R. Torres
- Infectious Diseases Section, Tropical Medicine Institute, Universidad Central De Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Luiza H. Falleiros-Arlant
- Department of Children’s Health, Faculdade De Medicina, Universidade Metropolitana De Santos, Santos, Brazil
| | - Maria L. Avila-Aguero
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Nacional De Niños “Dr. Carlos Sáenz Herrera”, Caja Costarricense De Seguro Social (CCSS), San José, Costa Rica
- Affiliated Researcher Center for Infectious Disease Modeling and Analysis (CIDMA) at Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Jose Brea-del Castillo
- Associated Researcher, Investigador Asociado Hospital Dr. Hugo Mendoza, Santo Domingo, Republic Dominicana
| | - Angela Gentile
- Epidemiology Department, Hospital de Niños “Ricardo Gutiérrez”, Buenos Aires University, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Xavier Saez-Llorens
- Head of Infectious Diseases and Director of Clinical Research, Hospital del Niño “Dr. José Renán Esquivel”, Panama City, Panama
| | - Abiel Mascarenas
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario “José E. Gonzalez”, Universidad Autónoma De Nuevo León, Nuevo Leon, México
| | - Flor M. Munoz
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Juan P. Torres
- Department of Pediatrics and Children Surgery, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Liliana Vazquez
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Clinica y Maternidad Suizo Argentina, Sanatorio Finochietto, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marco A. Safadi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculda de de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Espinal
- Global Health Consortium, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Rolando Ulloa-Gutierrez
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Nacional De Niños “Dr. Carlos Sáenz Herrera”, Caja Costarricense De Seguro Social (CCSS), San José, Costa Rica
| | - Monica Pujadas
- Department of Epidemiology and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Pio Lopez
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Eduardo López-Medina
- Centro de Estudios en Infectología Pediátrica CEIP, Department of Pediatrics, Universidad del Valle, Clinica Imbanaco Grupo Quironsalud, Cali, Colombia
| | - Octavio Ramilo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
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Singh P, Al Mohannadi N, Murugesan S, Almarzooqi F, Kabeer BSA, Marr AK, Kino T, Brummaier T, Terranegra A, McGready R, Nosten F, Chaussabel D, Al Khodor S. Unveiling the dynamics of the breast milk microbiome: impact of lactation stage and gestational age. J Transl Med 2023; 21:784. [PMID: 37932773 PMCID: PMC10629158 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04656-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast milk (BM) provides complete nutrition for infants for the first six months of life and is essential for the development of the newborn's immature immune and digestive systems. While BM was conventionally believed to be sterile, recent advanced high throughput technologies have unveiled the presence of diverse microbial communities in BM. These insights into the BM microbiota have mainly originated from uncomplicated pregnancies, possibly not reflecting the circumstances of mothers with pregnancy complications like preterm birth (PTB). METHODS In this article, we investigated the BM microbial communities in mothers with preterm deliveries (before 37 weeks of gestation). We compared these samples with BM samples from healthy term pregnancies across different lactation stages (colostrum, transitional and mature milk) using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. RESULTS Our analysis revealed that the microbial communities became increasingly diverse and compositionally distinct as the BM matured. Specifically, mature BM samples were significantly enriched in Veillonella and lactobacillus (Kruskal Wallis; p < 0.001) compared to colostrum. The comparison of term and preterm BM samples showed that the community structure was significantly different between the two groups (Bray Curtis and unweighted unifrac dissimilarity; p < 0.001). Preterm BM samples exhibited increased species richness with significantly higher abundance of Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Propionibacterium acnes, unclassified Corynebacterium species. Whereas term samples were enriched in Staphylococcus epidermidis, unclassified OD1, and unclassified Veillonella among others. CONCLUSION Our study underscores the significant influence of pregnancy-related complications, such as preterm birth (before 37 weeks of gestation), on the composition and diversity of BM microbiota. Given the established significance of the maternal microbiome in shaping child health outcomes, this investigation paves the way for identifying modifiable factors that could optimize the composition of BM microbiota, thereby promoting maternal and infant health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Singh
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tobias Brummaier
- Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Mae Sot, Thailand
| | | | - Rose McGready
- Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Mae Sot, Thailand
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - François Nosten
- Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Mae Sot, Thailand
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Damien Chaussabel
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
- The Jackson Laboratories, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Souhaila Al Khodor
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar.
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.
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Ren Y, Zeng Y, Wu Y, Yu J, Zhang Q, Xiao X. The Role of Gut Microbiota in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Affecting Intergenerational Glucose Metabolism: Possible Mechanisms and Interventions. Nutrients 2023; 15:4551. [PMID: 37960204 PMCID: PMC10648599 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of type 2 diabetes is increasing every year and has become a serious public health problem. In addition to genetic factors, environmental factors in early life development are risk factors for diabetes. There is growing evidence that the gut microbiota plays an important role in glucose metabolism, and the gut microbiota of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) differs significantly from that of healthy pregnant women. This article reviews the role of maternal gut microbiota in offspring glucose metabolism. To explore the potential mechanisms by which the gut microbiota affects glucose metabolism in offspring, we summarize clinical studies and experimental animal models that support the hypothesis that the gut microbiota affects glucose metabolism in offspring from dams with GDM and discuss interventions that could improve glucose metabolism in offspring. Given that adverse pregnancy outcomes severely impact the quality of survival, reversing the deleterious effects of abnormal glucose metabolism in offspring through early intervention is important for both mothers and their offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaolin Ren
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China; (Y.R.); (Y.Z.); (Y.W.); (J.Y.)
| | - Yuan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China; (Y.R.); (Y.Z.); (Y.W.); (J.Y.)
| | - Yifan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China; (Y.R.); (Y.Z.); (Y.W.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jie Yu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China; (Y.R.); (Y.Z.); (Y.W.); (J.Y.)
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China; (Y.R.); (Y.Z.); (Y.W.); (J.Y.)
| | - Xinhua Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China; (Y.R.); (Y.Z.); (Y.W.); (J.Y.)
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, The Translational Medicine Center of Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
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Ruan JW, Liao YC, Chen PC, Chen YJ, Tsai YH, Tsai PJ, Yang YJ, Shieh CC, Lin YC, Chi CY. The composition of the maternal breastmilk microbiota influences the microbiota network structure during early infancy. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2023; 56:1084-1097. [PMID: 37544808 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE(S) Human breastmilk (BM) is important for microbiome maturation in infants across different body sites. Streptococcus and Staphylococcus are considered universally predominant genera in the BM microbiota. However, whether the differential abundance of Streptococcus and Staphylococcus in BM can differentially affect microbiome maturation in infants remains unclear. METHODS We recruited exclusively breastfeeding mothers from among the donors of the human milk bank established at National Cheng-Kung University Hospital. The donor mothers provided 35 BM samples at three months (3 M; before introducing children to complementary feeding) and 23 BM samples at six months (6 M; after introducing children to complementary feeding) postpartum. At both time points, samples from different body sites, including nasal swabs, oral swabs and stool, were collected from the mothers and their infants. RESULTS Maternal BMI was inversely associated with coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) abundance in breastmilk. Staphylococcus caprae representation in BM CoNS showed a negative correlation with Streptococcus abundance. Network analysis revealed that infants fed Staphylococcus-dominated BM had better gut and nasal microbiota networks than infants fed Streptococcus-abundant BM during early infancy. CONCLUSION Our work suggests that maternal metabolic status plays a crucial role in Staphylococcus/Streptococcus competition in BM, which in turn can impact the development of the infant microbiota. Our microbiota co-occurrence network analysis might serve as a helpful bioinformatic tool to monitor microbiota maturation during early infancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhen-Wei Ruan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Chu Liao
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Chen Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Ju Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Hsiu Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Jane Tsai
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Yao-Jong Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Chang Shieh
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Yung-Chieh Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Yu Chi
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; National Institute of Infectious Disease and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Baaleman DF, Wegh CAM, de Leeuw TJM, van Etten-Jamaludin FS, Vaughan EE, Schoterman MHC, Belzer C, Smidt H, Tabbers MM, Benninga MA, Koppen IJN. What are Normal Defecation Patterns in Healthy Children up to Four Years of Age? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Pediatr 2023; 261:113559. [PMID: 37331467 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2023.113559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To summarize available data on defecation frequency and stool consistency of healthy children up to age 4 in order to estimate normal references values. STUDY DESIGN Systematic review including cross-sectional, observational, and interventional studies published in English, that reported on defecation frequency and/or stool consistency in healthy children 0-4 years old. RESULTS Seventy-five studies were included with 16 393 children and 40 033 measurements of defecation frequency and/or stool consistency. Based on visual inspection of defecation frequency data, a differentiation was made between two age categories: young infants (0-14 weeks old) and young children (15 weeks-4 years old). Young infants had a mean defecation frequency of 21.8 per week (95 % CI, 3.9-35.2) compared with 10.9 (CI, 5.7-16.7) in young children (P < .001). Among young infants, human milk-fed (HMF) infants had the highest mean defecation frequency per week (23.2 [CI, 8.8-38.1]), followed by formula-fed (FF) infants (13.7 [CI 5.4-23.9]), and mixed-fed (MF) infants (20.7 [CI, 7.0-30.2]). Hard stools were infrequently reported in young infants (1.5%) compared with young children (10.5%), and a reduction in the frequency of soft/watery stools was observed with higher age (27.0% in young infants compared with 6.2% in young children). HMF young infants had softer stools compared with FF young infants. CONCLUSIONS Young infants (0-14 weeks old) have softer and more frequent stools compared with young children (15 weeks-4 years old).
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Affiliation(s)
- Desiree F Baaleman
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Carrie A M Wegh
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tessa J M de Leeuw
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Clara Belzer
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hauke Smidt
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Merit M Tabbers
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marc A Benninga
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ilan J N Koppen
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Cai X, Peng Y, Gong Y, Huang X, Liu L, Chen Y, Du J, Dai Z, Qian Y, Xu L. Variations of bile bacterial community alongside gallstone disease progression and key taxa involved in poor outcomes after endoscopic surgery. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:313. [PMID: 37660138 PMCID: PMC10474685 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01308-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Gallstone disease is a prevalent biliary disease worldwide, and bacteria play vital roles in the disease development and progression, as well as the prognosis after endoscopic surgery. However, there have been limited studies to explore the key taxa involved. In this study, bile samples from healthy controls (HCs, liver donors without hepatobiliary disease) and three diseased groups, namely patients with gallbladder stones (GBS), patients with common bile duct stones (CBDS), and patients with stricture in the common bile duct (SCBD), were collected and analyzed. Bacterial community characterization based on 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing showed that bacterial diversities did not change significantly alongside gallstone disease development and progression. The predominant phyla in each group were Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, and Fusobacteriota, representing over 80% in abundance of the biliary bacteria community. Specifically, the abundance of Proteobacteria decreased greatly while that of Firmicutes and Bacteroidota increased greatly in the diseased groups when compared to that in HCs. Moreover, linear discriminant analysis identified several genera highly represented in the diseased groups. Among them, Klebsiella, Prevotella, Pseudomonas and Veillonella are persistent in both the HCs group and the diseased groups, indicating an enrichment of local bile bacteria in the diseased bile; while Lachnoanerobaculum, Atopobium, Oribacterium, and Stomatobaculum, those aligned to oral cavity taxa, are persistent in the diseased groups but are transient in the HCs group, and their abundances sequentially increased with the disease development and progression (HCs→GBS→CBDS→SCBD), implying a translocation and colonization of the oral cavity bacteria in the diseased bile. Moreover, co-occurrence network analysis revealed that bacterial infection (e.g., Photobacterium and Plesiomonas) from the intestine was developed during endoscopic surgery with reduced bile bacteria diversity. The results of this study revealed that the bile bacterial community is relatively stable and dominated by a few persistent taxa. Moreover, we hypothesized that translocation and colonization of specific bacteria from the oral cavity happens alongside gallstone disease development and progression, and bacterial infection from the intestinal tract results in poor outcomes after endoscopic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunchao Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yao Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yajie Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiuting Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yifan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jingfeng Du
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zhongming Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yun Qian
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Long Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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Suárez-Martínez C, Santaella-Pascual M, Yagüe-Guirao G, Martínez-Graciá C. Infant gut microbiota colonization: influence of prenatal and postnatal factors, focusing on diet. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1236254. [PMID: 37675422 PMCID: PMC10478010 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1236254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal microbiota forms the first infant gut microbial inoculum, and perinatal factors (diet and use of antibiotics during pregnancy) and/or neonatal factors, like intra partum antibiotics, gestational age and mode of delivery, may influence microbial colonization. After birth, when the principal colonization occurs, the microbial diversity increases and converges toward a stable adult-like microbiota by the end of the first 3-5 years of life. However, during the early life, gut microbiota can be disrupted by other postnatal factors like mode of infant feeding, antibiotic usage, and various environmental factors generating a state of dysbiosis. Gut dysbiosis have been reported to increase the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis and some chronic diseases later in life, such as obesity, diabetes, cancer, allergies, and asthma. Therefore, understanding the impact of a correct maternal-to-infant microbial transfer and a good infant early colonization and maturation throughout life would reduce the risk of disease in early and late life. This paper reviews the published evidence on early-life gut microbiota development, as well as the different factors influencing its evolution before, at, and after birth, focusing on diet and nutrition during pregnancy and in the first months of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Suárez-Martínez
- Food Science and Nutrition Department, Veterinary Faculty, Regional Campus of International Excellence Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - Marina Santaella-Pascual
- Food Science and Nutrition Department, Veterinary Faculty, Regional Campus of International Excellence Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - Genoveva Yagüe-Guirao
- Food Science and Nutrition Department, Veterinary Faculty, Regional Campus of International Excellence Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Microbiology Service, Virgen de La Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | - Carmen Martínez-Graciá
- Food Science and Nutrition Department, Veterinary Faculty, Regional Campus of International Excellence Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
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Abdul Kalam Saleena L, Chang SK, Simarani K, Arunachalam KD, Thammakulkrajang R, How YH, Pui LP. A comprehensive review of Bifidobacterium spp: as a probiotic, application in the food and therapeutic, and forthcoming trends. Crit Rev Microbiol 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37551693 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2023.2243617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Recently, more consumers are interested in purchasing probiotic food and beverage products that may improve their immune health. The market for functional foods and beverages that include Bifidobacterium is expanding because of their potential uses in both food and therapeutic applications. However, maintaining Bifidobacterium's viability during food processing and storage remains a challenge. Microencapsulation technique has been explored to improve the viability of Bifidobacterium. Despite the technical, microbiological, and economic challenges, the market potential for immune-supporting functional foods and beverages is significant. Additionally, there is a shift toward postbiotics as a solution for product innovation, a promising postbiotic product that can be incorporated into various food and beverage formats is also introduced in this review. As consumers become more health-conscious, future developments in the functional food and beverage market discussed in this review could serve as a reference for researchers and industrialist.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sui Kiat Chang
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman Kampar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Khanom Simarani
- Faculty of Science, Institute Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kantha Deivi Arunachalam
- Directorate of Research, Center For Environmental Nuclear Research, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Chennai, India
- Faculty of Sciences, Marwadi University, Rajkot, India
| | | | - Yu Hsuan How
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Liew Phing Pui
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Yao J, Ai T, Zhang L, Tang W, Chen Z, Huang Y, Fan Y. Bacterial Colonization in the Airways and Intestines of Twin and Singleton Preterm Neonates: A Single-Center Study. THE CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES & MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY = JOURNAL CANADIEN DES MALADIES INFECTIEUSES ET DE LA MICROBIOLOGIE MEDICALE 2023; 2023:2973605. [PMID: 37560084 PMCID: PMC10409585 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2973605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Limited studies have investigated the microbial colonization of the airways and intestines in preterm neonates. We studied the composition of intestinal and airway bacterial colonies in several preterm twin pairs and singletons to explore the dominant bacteria, assess their variability, and predict their phenotypic and metabolic functions. In this descriptive study, we collected sputum and fetal stool specimens from 10 twin pairs (20 cases) and 20 singleton preterm neonates. These specimens were analyzed using 16S rRNA deep sequencing to study the alpha and beta diversities and community structures of airway and intestinal bacteria and predict their metabolic functions. Specimens from twins and singleton neonates had distinct aggregations of intestinal and airway bacteria but showed similarities and high microbial diversities during initial colonization. The top five phyla were Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteriota, Bacteroidota, and Cyanobacteria. The top ten genera were Streptococcus, Acinetobacter, Ralstonia, Staphylococcus, Comamonas, Enterococcus, Stenotrophomonas, Dechlorosoma, Sphingopyxis, and Rothia. Potentially pathogenic and highly stress-tolerant Gram-negative bacteria were predominant in the intestinal flora. A considerable proportion of colonies recovered from the airway and intestines of preterm neonates were functional bacteria. The richness of the intestinal and airway flora was not significantly different between twins and singletons, and the flora clustered together. Both intestinal and airway bacteria of twins and singletons were similar. The species involved in initial colonization were similar but different in proportions; therefore, changes in microbial structure and richness may not be attributed to these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Yao
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Ai
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zijin Chen
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuedong Huang
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yinghong Fan
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Mollova D, Vasileva T, Bivolarski V, Iliev I. The Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Human Milk Oligosaccharides and Prebiotic Sugars from LAB Isolated from Breast Milk. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1904. [PMID: 37630464 PMCID: PMC10458952 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11081904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Breastfeeding is essential in the first months of a newborn's life. Breast milk is a source of crucial macronutrients, prebiotic oligosaccharides, and potential probiotic strains of bacteria. Oligosaccharides from breast milk (HMOs) are a significant part of the composition of breast milk and represent a complex of digestible sugars. This study aims to elucidate the enzymatic hydrolysis of these oligosaccharides and other prebiotics by the bacteria present in breast milk. We used modified methods to isolate oligosaccharides (HMOs) from human milk. Using unique techniques, we isolated and identified different bacteria from breast milk, mainly Lactobacillus fermentum. Using enzymatic analyses, we established the participation of α-fucosidase, α-glucosidase, β-galactosidase, and β-glucosidase from breast milk bacteria in the hydrolysis of prebiotic sugars. We also optimized the scheme for isolating oligosaccharides from breast milk by putting the lyophilized product into different food media. We found that the oligosaccharides from breast milk (HMOs) are a potent inducer for the secretion of the studied bacterial enzymes. Also, we found that all the lactobacilli strains we studied in detail could digest mucin-linked glycans. The degradation of these sugars is perhaps a built-in defense mechanism in cases where other sugars are lacking in the environment. We also determined fucosidase activity in some of the isolated strains. We recorded the highest values (2.5 U/mg in L. fermentum ss8) when the medium's oligosaccharides isolated from breast milk were present. Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria supplied with breast milk are the first colonizers in most cases in the gastrointestinal tract of the newborn. The presence and study of different genes for synthesizing other enzyme systems and transporters of various sugars in this type of bacteria are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Mollova
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Plovdiv University “Paisii Hilendarski”, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (T.V.); (V.B.); (I.I.)
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Keady MM, Jimenez RR, Bragg M, Wagner JCP, Bornbusch SL, Power ML, Muletz-Wolz CR. Ecoevolutionary processes structure milk microbiomes across the mammalian tree of life. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2218900120. [PMID: 37399384 PMCID: PMC10334807 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2218900120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Milk production is an ancient adaptation that unites all mammals. Milk contains a microbiome that can contribute to offspring health and microbial-immunological development. We generated a comprehensive milk microbiome dataset (16S rRNA gene) for the class Mammalia, representing 47 species from all placental superorders, to determine processes structuring milk microbiomes. We show that across Mammalia, milk exposes offspring to maternal bacterial and archaeal symbionts throughout lactation. Deterministic processes of environmental selection accounted for 20% of milk microbiome assembly processes; milk microbiomes were similar from mammals with the same host superorder (Afrotheria, Laurasiathera, Euarchontoglires, and Xenarthra: 6%), environment (marine captive, marine wild, terrestrial captive, and terrestrial wild: 6%), diet (carnivore, omnivore, herbivore, and insectivore: 5%), and milk nutrient content (sugar, fat, and protein: 3%). We found that diet directly and indirectly impacted milk microbiomes, with indirect effects being mediated by milk sugar content. Stochastic processes, such as ecological drift, accounted for 80% of milk microbiome assembly processes, which was high compared to mammalian gut and mammalian skin microbiomes (69% and 45%, respectively). Even amid high stochasticity and indirect effects, our results of direct dietary effects on milk microbiomes provide support for enteromammary trafficking, representing a mechanism by which bacteria are transferred from the mother's gut to mammary gland and then to offspring postnatally. The microbial species present in milk reflect both selective pressures and stochastic processes at the host level, exemplifying various ecological and evolutionary factors acting on milk microbiomes, which, in turn, set the stage for offspring health and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia M. Keady
- Center for Conservation Genomics, Smithsonian National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC20008
- Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI53706
| | - Randall R. Jimenez
- Center for Conservation Genomics, Smithsonian National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC20008
- Science Team, International Union for Conservation of Nature, 11501San José, Costa Rica
| | - Morgan Bragg
- Center for Conservation Genomics, Smithsonian National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC20008
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA22030
| | - Jenna C. P. Wagner
- Nutrition Laboratory and Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, DC20008
| | - Sally L. Bornbusch
- Center for Conservation Genomics, Smithsonian National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC20008
- Department of Nutrition Science, Smithsonian National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC20008
| | - Michael L. Power
- Nutrition Laboratory and Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, DC20008
| | - Carly R. Muletz-Wolz
- Center for Conservation Genomics, Smithsonian National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC20008
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Kolasinac SS, Moe L, Rootwelt V, Sørum H. Bacteria in Normal Canine Milk Analyzed by Blood Agar Medium. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2206. [PMID: 37444004 DOI: 10.3390/ani13132206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies of microbiota in normal canine milk from healthy dams are sparse. As is the case with blood and urine, it was considered that milk contains no microbiota. Any discovery of bacteria in canine milk is, therefore, often noted to be a result of contamination during sampling or interpreted as mastitis and treated with antibiotics. Milk was collected twice within 19 days after natural parturition from 11 lactating dams, with no general or local clinical signs of mastitis or other disease. The skin and teats were prepared with an antimicrobial protocol prior to each milk sampling. In total, 210 milk samples were collected and assessed for a number of bacterial colonies grown on each plate. Bacterial growth was detected in 180 samples (86%). Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, Enterococcus spp., Clostridium spp., Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci (CoNS), Streptococcus spp., Streptococcus canis, Bacillus spp., Pasteurella spp., and Escherichia coli were identified from pure and/or mixed bacterial growth, listed in descending order of occurrence. Despite the small sample size, the consistent occurrence of bacteria in early postpartum dams indicates a genuine occurrence of bacteria in canine milk, rather than random contamination. The finding of bacteria in the milk of dams should not, therefore, be the sole argument for the diagnosis of mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Sibcic Kolasinac
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Elizabeth Stephansens vei 15, 1433 Ås, Norway
| | - Lars Moe
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Elizabeth Stephansens vei 15, 1433 Ås, Norway
| | - Vibeke Rootwelt
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Elizabeth Stephansens vei 15, 1433 Ås, Norway
| | - Henning Sørum
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Elizabeth Stephansens vei 15, 1433 Ås, Norway
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Wohlfahrt D, Tan-Torres AL, Green R, Brim K, Bradley N, Brand A, Abshier E, Nogales F, Babcock K, Brooks J, Seashols-Williams S, Singh B. A bacterial signature-based method for the identification of seven forensically relevant human body fluids. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2023; 65:102865. [PMID: 37004371 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2023.102865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Detection and identification of body fluids plays a crucial role in criminal investigation, as it provides information on the source of the DNA as well as corroborative evidence regarding the crime committed, scene, and/or association with persons of interest. Historically, forensic serological methods have been chemical, immunological, catalytic, spectroscopic, and/or microscopic in nature. However, most of these methods are presumptive, with few robust confirmatory exceptions. In recent years several new molecular methods (mRNA, miRNA, DNA methylation, etc.) have been proposed; although promising, these methods require high quality human DNA or RNA. Additional steps are required in RNA based methods. Additionally, RNA based methods cannot be used for old cases where only DNA extracts remain to sample from. In this study, a novel non-human DNA (microbiome) based method was developed for the identification of the majority of forensically relevant human biological samples. Eight hundred and twelve (n = 812) biological samples (semen, vaginal fluid, menstrual blood, saliva, feces, urine, and blood) were collected and preserved using methods commonly used in forensic laboratories for evidence collection. Variable region four (V4) of 16 S ribosomal DNA (16 S rDNA) was amplified using a dual-indexing strategy and then sequenced on the MiSeq FGx sequencing platform using the MiSeq Reagent Kit v2 (500 cycles) and following the manufacturer's protocol. Machine learning prediction models were used to assess the classification accuracy of the newly developed method. As there was no significant difference in bacterial communities between vaginal fluid, menstrual blood, and female urine, these were combined as female intimate samples. Except in urine, the bacterial structures associated with male and female body fluid samples were not significantly different from one another. The newly developed method accurately identified human body fluid samples with an overall accuracy of more than 88%. This newly developed bacterial signature-based method is fast (no additional steps are needed as the same DNA can be used for both body fluid identification and STR typing), efficient (consume less sample as a single test can identify all major body fluids), sensitive (needs only 5 pg of bacterial DNA), accurate, and can be easily added into a forensic high throughput sequencing (HTS) panel.
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Wijenayake S, Martz J, Lapp HE, Storm JA, Champagne FA, Kentner AC. The contributions of parental lactation on offspring development: It's not udder nonsense! Horm Behav 2023; 153:105375. [PMID: 37269591 PMCID: PMC10351876 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2023.105375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) hypothesis describes how maternal stress exposures experienced during critical periods of perinatal life are linked to altered developmental trajectories in offspring. Perinatal stress also induces changes in lactogenesis, milk volume, maternal care, and the nutritive and non-nutritive components of milk, affecting short and long-term developmental outcomes in offspring. For instance, selective early life stressors shape the contents of milk, including macro/micronutrients, immune components, microbiota, enzymes, hormones, milk-derived extracellular vesicles, and milk microRNAs. In this review, we highlight the contributions of parental lactation to offspring development by examining changes in the composition of breast milk in response to three well-characterized maternal stressors: nutritive stress, immune stress, and psychological stress. We discuss recent findings in human, animal, and in vitro models, their clinical relevance, study limitations, and potential therapeutic significance to improving human health and infant survival. We also discuss the benefits of enrichment methods and support tools that can be used to improve milk quality and volume as well as related developmental outcomes in offspring. Lastly, we use evidence-based primary literature to convey that even though select maternal stressors may modulate lactation biology (by influencing milk composition) depending on the severity and length of exposure, exclusive and/or prolonged milk feeding may attenuate the negative in utero effects of early life stressors and promote healthy developmental trajectories. Overall, scientific evidence supports lactation to be protective against nutritive and immune stressors, but the benefits of lactation in response to psychological stressors need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanoji Wijenayake
- Department of Biology, The University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
| | - Julia Martz
- School of Arts & Sciences, Health Psychology Program, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hannah E Lapp
- Deparment of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jasmyne A Storm
- Department of Biology, The University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | - Amanda C Kentner
- School of Arts & Sciences, Health Psychology Program, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, MA, USA.
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Saeed A, Ali H, Yasmin A, Baig M, Ullah A, Kazmi A, Ahmed MA, Albadrani GM, El-Demerdash FM, Bibi M, Abdel-Daim MM, Ali I, Hussain S. Unveiling the Antibiotic Susceptibility and Antimicrobial Potential of Bacteria from Human Breast Milk of Pakistani Women: An Exploratory Study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:6399699. [PMID: 37377461 PMCID: PMC10292949 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6399699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Background Human life quality and expectancy have increased dramatically over the past 5 decades because of improvements in nutrition and antibiotic's usage fighting against infectious diseases. Yet, it was soon revealed that the microbes adapted to develop resistance to any of the drugs that were used. Recently, there is great concern that commensal bacteria from food and the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals could act as a reservoir for antibiotic resistance genes. Methodology. This study was intended for evaluating the phenotypic antibiotic resistance/sensitivity profiles of probiotic bacteria from human breast milk and evaluating the inhibitory effect of the probiotic bacteria against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Results The results point out that some of the isolated bacteria were resistant to diverse antibiotics including gentamycin, imipenem, trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole, and nalidixic acid. Susceptibility profile to certain antibiotics like vancomycin, tetracycline, ofloxacin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, rifampicin, and bacitracin was also observed. The antimicrobial qualities of cell-free supernatants of some probiotic bacteria inhibited the growth of indicator bacteria. Also, antimicrobial properties of the probiotic bacteria from the present study attributed to the production of organic acid, bacterial adhesion to hydrocarbons (BATH), salt aggregation, coaggregation with pathogens, and bacteriocin production. Some isolated bacteria from human milk displayed higher hydrophobicity in addition to intrinsic probiotic properties like Gram-positive classification, catalase-negative activity, resistance to gastric juice (pH 2), and bile salt (0.3%) concentration. Conclusion This study has added to the data of the antibiotic and antimicrobial activity of some probiotic bacteria from some samples of Pakistani women breast milk. Probiotic bacteria are usually considered to decrease gastrointestinal tract diseases by adhering to the gut epithelial and reducing population of pathogens and in the case of Streptococcus lactarius MB622 and Streptococcus salivarius MB620 in terms of hydrophobicity and exclusion of indicator pathogenic strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Saeed
- Microbiology and Biotechnology Research Lab, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Hina Ali
- Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Azra Yasmin
- Microbiology and Biotechnology Research Lab, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Mehreen Baig
- Surgical Unit II, Foundation University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Abd Ullah
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Root Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, China
| | - Abeer Kazmi
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | | | - Ghadeer M. Albadrani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatma M. El-Demerdash
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Monaza Bibi
- Microbiology and Biotechnology Research Lab, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Iftikhar Ali
- Centre for Plant Sciences and Biodiversity, University of Swat, Charbagh 19120, Pakistan
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Sadam Hussain
- University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
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Miura K, Tanaka M, Date M, Ito M, Mizuno N, Mizuno K. Comparison of bacterial profiles in human milk from mothers of term and preterm infants. Int Breastfeed J 2023; 18:29. [PMID: 37291566 DOI: 10.1186/s13006-023-00563-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reducing the disposal of donated human milk (HM) is important for efficient management of human milk banks (HMBs). The presence of bacteria growth is the main factor that contributes to the disposal of donated HM. The bacterial profile in HM is suspected to differ between term and preterm mothers, with HM from preterm mothers containing more bacteria. Thus, elucidation of the causes of bacterial growth in preterm and term HM may help to reduce the disposal of donated preterm HM. This study compared the bacterial profiles of HM between mothers of term infants and mothers of preterm infants. METHODS This pilot study was conducted in the first Japanese HMB, which was initiated in 2017. This study analyzed 214 human milk samples (term: 75, preterm: 139) donated by 47 registered donors (term: 31, preterm: 16) from January to November 2021. Bacterial culture results in term and preterm HM were retrospectively reviewed in May 2022. Differences in total bacterial count and bacterial species count per batch were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Bacterial loads were analyzed using the Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. RESULTS The disposal rate did not significantly differ between term and preterm groups (p = 0.77), but the total amount of disposal was greater in the preterm group (p < 0.01). Coagulase-negative Staphylococci, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas fluorescens were frequently found in both types of HM. Serratia liquefaciens (p < 0.001) and two other bacteria were present in term HM; a total of five types of bacteria, including Enterococcus faecalis and Enterobacter aerogenes (p < 0.001) were present in preterm HM. The median (interquartile range) total bacterial counts were 3,930 (435-23,365) colony-forming units (CFU)/mL for term HM and 26,700 (4,050-334,650) CFU/mL for preterm HM (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that HM from preterm mothers had a higher total bacterial count and different types of bacteria than HM from term mothers. Additionally, preterm infants can receive nosocomial-infection-causing bacteria in the NICU through their mother's milk. Enhanced hygiene instructions for preterm mothers may reduce the disposal of valuable preterm human milk, along with the risk of HM pathogen transmission to infants in NICUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumiko Miura
- The Nippon Foundation Human Milk Bank, Nihonbashi-koamicho Square Building 1F, 17-10 Nihonbashi-koamicho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-0016, Japan
- Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Miori Tanaka
- The Nippon Foundation Human Milk Bank, Nihonbashi-koamicho Square Building 1F, 17-10 Nihonbashi-koamicho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-0016, Japan
| | - Midori Date
- The Nippon Foundation Human Milk Bank, Nihonbashi-koamicho Square Building 1F, 17-10 Nihonbashi-koamicho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-0016, Japan
| | - Mizuho Ito
- The Nippon Foundation Human Milk Bank, Nihonbashi-koamicho Square Building 1F, 17-10 Nihonbashi-koamicho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-0016, Japan
| | - Noriko Mizuno
- Japan Human Milk Bank Association, 4-4 Nihonbashi-Hisamatsucho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-8480, Japan
| | - Katsumi Mizuno
- The Nippon Foundation Human Milk Bank, Nihonbashi-koamicho Square Building 1F, 17-10 Nihonbashi-koamicho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-0016, Japan.
- Japan Human Milk Bank Association, 4-4 Nihonbashi-Hisamatsucho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-8480, Japan.
- Department of Pediatrics, Showa University of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan.
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Zhu H, Miao R, Tao X, Wu J, Liu L, Qu J, Liu H, Sun Y, Li L, Qu Y. Longitudinal Changes in Milk Microorganisms in the First Two Months of Lactation of Primiparous and Multiparous Cows. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:1923. [PMID: 37370433 DOI: 10.3390/ani13121923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The present experiment was carried out to analyze the longitudinal changes in milk microorganisms. For this purpose, milk samples were collected from 12 healthy cows (n = 96; six primiparous cows and six multiparous cows) at eight different time points. The characteristics and variations in microbial composition were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing. In the primiparous group, higher and more stable alpha diversity was observed in transitional and mature milk compared with the colostrum, with no significant difference in alpha diversity at each time point in the multiparous group. Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, and Actinobacteriota were the most dominant phyla, and Pseudomonas, UCG-005, Acinetobacter, Vibrio, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Serratia, Staphylococcus, and Glutamicibacter were the most dominant genera in both primiparous and multiparous cow milk. Some typically gut-associated microbes, such as Bacteroides, UCG-005, and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, etc., were enriched in the two groups. Biomarker taxa with the day in time (DIM) were identified by a random forest algorithm, with Staphylococcus showing the highest degree of interpretation, and the difference in milk microbiota between the two groups was mainly reflected in 0 d-15 d. Additionally, network analysis suggested that there were bacteria associated with the total protein content in milk. Collectively, our results disclosed the longitudinal changes in the milk microbiota of primiparous and multiparous cows, providing further evidence in dairy microbiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Feed Resources and Nutrition Manipulation in Cold Region, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinyang Road, Daqing 163319, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Green Agriculture in Northeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs P. R. China, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinyang Road, Daqing 163319, China
- College of Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinyang Road, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Renfang Miao
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Feed Resources and Nutrition Manipulation in Cold Region, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinyang Road, Daqing 163319, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Green Agriculture in Northeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs P. R. China, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinyang Road, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Xinxu Tao
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Feed Resources and Nutrition Manipulation in Cold Region, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinyang Road, Daqing 163319, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Green Agriculture in Northeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs P. R. China, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinyang Road, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Jianhao Wu
- Bright Farming Co., Ltd., No. 1518, West Jiangchang Road, Shanghai 200436, China
| | - Licheng Liu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation, No. 101 Xiangfu Road, Herbin 150038, China
| | - Jiachen Qu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Feed Resources and Nutrition Manipulation in Cold Region, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinyang Road, Daqing 163319, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Green Agriculture in Northeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs P. R. China, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinyang Road, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Hongzhi Liu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Feed Resources and Nutrition Manipulation in Cold Region, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinyang Road, Daqing 163319, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Green Agriculture in Northeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs P. R. China, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinyang Road, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Yanting Sun
- School of Civil Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology, No. 99 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710064, China
| | - Lingyan Li
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Feed Resources and Nutrition Manipulation in Cold Region, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinyang Road, Daqing 163319, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Green Agriculture in Northeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs P. R. China, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinyang Road, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Yongli Qu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Feed Resources and Nutrition Manipulation in Cold Region, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinyang Road, Daqing 163319, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Green Agriculture in Northeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs P. R. China, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinyang Road, Daqing 163319, China
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49
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Ozen M, Piloquet H, Schaubeck M. Limosilactobacillus fermentum CECT5716: Clinical Potential of a Probiotic Strain Isolated from Human Milk. Nutrients 2023; 15:2207. [PMID: 37432320 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Breastfeeding provides the ideal nutrition for infants. Human milk contains a plethora of functional ingredients which foster the development of the immune system. The human milk microbiota predominantly contributes to this protective effect. This is mediated by various mechanisms, such as an antimicrobial effect, pathogen exclusion and barrier integrity, beneficial effects on the gastrointestinal microbiota, vitamin synthesis, immunity enhancement, secreted probiotic factors, and postbiotic mechanisms. Therefore, human milk is a good source for isolating probiotics for infants who cannot be exclusively breastfed. One such probiotic which was isolated from human milk is Limosilactobacillus fermentum CECT5716. In this review, we give an overview of available interventional studies using Limosilactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 and summarise preclinical trials in several animal models of different pathologies, which have given first insights into its mechanisms of action. We present several randomised clinical studies, which have been conducted to investigate the clinical efficacy of the Limosilactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 strain in supporting the host's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Metehan Ozen
- School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 34752 Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Hugues Piloquet
- Department of Paediatric Chronic Diseases, Nantes University Hospital, 44000 Nantes, France
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50
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Melekoglu E, Yılmaz B, Çevik A, Gökyıldız Sürücü Ş, Avcıbay Vurgeç B, Gözüyeşil E, Sharma H, Boyan N, Ozogul F. The Impact of the Human Milk Microbiota in the Prevention of Disease and Infant Health. Breastfeed Med 2023. [PMID: 37140562 DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2022.0292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Background: Human milk is recognized as an ideal food for newborns and infants owing to the presence of various nutritive factors, including healthy bacteria. Aim/Objective: This review aimed to understand the effects of human milk microbiota in both the prevention of disease and the health of infants. Methods: Data were obtained from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, clinical trial registries, Dergipark, and Türk Atıf Dizini up to February 2023 without language restrictions. Results: It is considered that the first human milk microbiota ingested by the newborn creates the initial microbiome of the gut system, which in turn influences the development and maturation of immunity. Bacteria present in human milk modulate the anti-inflammatory response by releasing certain cytokines, protecting the newborn against certain infections. Therefore, certain bacterial strains isolated from human milk could serve as potential probiotics for various therapeutic applications. Conclusions: In this review, the origin and significance of human milk bacteria have been highlighted along with certain factors influencing the composition of human milk microbiota. In addition, it also summarizes the health benefits of human milk as a protective agent against certain diseases and ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Melekoglu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Birsen Yılmaz
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Ayseren Çevik
- Department of Midwifery, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | | | | | - Ebru Gözüyeşil
- Department of Midwifery, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Heena Sharma
- Food Technology Lab, Dairy Technology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Neslihan Boyan
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Fatih Ozogul
- Department of Seafood Processing Technology, Faculty of Fisheries, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
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