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Sun T, Guo Y, Su Y, Shan S, Qian W, Zhang F, Li M, Zhang Z. Molecular mechanisms of diabetic nephropathy: A narrative review. Cell Biol Int 2024. [PMID: 38946126 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the predominant secondary nephropathy resulting in global end-stage renal disease. It is attracting significant attention in both domestic and international research due to its widespread occurrence, fast advancement, and limited choices for prevention and treatment. The pathophysiology of this condition is intricate and involves multiple molecular and cellular pathways at various levels. This article provides a concise overview of the molecular processes involved in the development of DN. It discusses various factors, such as signaling pathways, cytokines, inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, cellular damage, autophagy, and epigenetics. The aim is to offer clinicians a valuable reference for DN's diagnosis, treatment, and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Yina Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Yanting Su
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Shigang Shan
- School of Public Health and Nursing, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Wenbin Qian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Feixue Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Mengxi Li
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Zhenwang Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
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2
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Abdelmaksoud NM, Al-Noshokaty TM, Abdelhamid R, Abdellatif N, Mansour A, Mohamed R, Mohamed AH, Khalil NAE, Abdelhamid SS, Mohsen A, Abdelaal H, Tawfik A, Elshaer SS. Deciphering the role of MicroRNAs in diabetic nephropathy: Regulatory mechanisms and molecular insights. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 256:155237. [PMID: 38492358 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
A serious consequence of diabetes mellitus, diabetic nephropathy (DN) which causes gradual damage to the kidneys. Dietary changes, blood pressure control, glucose control, and hyperlipidemia are all important components of DN management. New research, however, points to microRNAs (miRNAs) as having a pivotal role in DN pathogenesis. Miniature non-coding RNA molecules such as miRNAs control gene expression and impact several biological processes. The canonical and non-canonical routes of miRNA biogenesis are discussed in this article. In addition, several important signaling pathways are examined in the study of miRNA regulation in DN. A deeper knowledge of these regulatory mechanisms would allow for a better understanding of the molecular basis of DN and the development of innovative therapeutic strategies. Finally, miRNAs show tremendous potential as DN diagnostic biomarkers and treatment targets, opening up promising avenues for further study and potential clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nourhan M Abdelmaksoud
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Tohada M Al-Noshokaty
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt.
| | - Rehab Abdelhamid
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Nourhan Abdellatif
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Abdallah Mansour
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Reem Mohamed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Hamouda Mohamed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Nada Abd Elatif Khalil
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Sara Sobhy Abdelhamid
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Alaa Mohsen
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Heba Abdelaal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Tawfik
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Shereen Saeid Elshaer
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr city, Cairo 11754, Egypt.
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3
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Comella F, Lama A, Pirozzi C, Annunziata C, Piegari G, Sodano F, Melini S, Paciello O, Lago Paz F, Meli R, Mattace Raso G. Oleoylethanolamide attenuates acute-to-chronic kidney injury: in vivo and in vitro evidence of PPAR-α involvement. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116094. [PMID: 38183745 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) development after acute kidney injury (AKI) involves multiple mechanisms, including inflammation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and extracellular matrix deposition, leading to progressive tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Recently, a central role for peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)-α has been addressed in preserving kidney function during AKI. Among endogenous lipid mediators, oleoylethanolamide (OEA), a PPAR-α agonist, has been studied for its metabolic and anti-inflammatory effects. Here, we have investigated OEA effects on folic acid (FA)-induced kidney injury in mice and the underlying mechanisms. OEA improved kidney function, normalized urine output, and reduced serum BUN, creatinine, and albuminuria. Moreover, OEA attenuated tubular epithelial injury, as shown by histological analysis, and decreased expression of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and kidney injury molecule-1. Gene expression analysis of kidney tissue indicated that OEA limited immune cell infiltration and inflammation. Moreover, OEA significantly inhibited Wnt7b and Catnb1 gene transcription and α-smooth muscle actin expression, indicating suppression of EMT. Accordingly, OEA exhibited an anti-fibrotic effect, as shown by Masson staining and the reduced levels of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, fibronectin, and collagen IV. Mechanistically, the nephroprotective effect of OEA was related to PPAR-α activation since OEA failed to exert its beneficial activity in FA-insulted PPAR-α-/- mice. PPAR-α involvement was also confirmed in HK2 cells where GW6471, a PPAR-α antagonist, blunted OEA activity on the TGF-β1 signalling pathway and associated pro-inflammatory and fibrotic patterns. Our findings revealed that OEA counteracts kidney injury by controlling inflammation and fibrosis, making it an effective therapeutic tool for limiting AKI to CKD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Comella
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Adriano Lama
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Pirozzi
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Annunziata
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Piegari
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples "Federico II", 80137 Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Sodano
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Stefania Melini
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Orlando Paciello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples "Federico II", 80137 Naples, Italy
| | - Francisca Lago Paz
- University Clinic Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain
| | - Rosaria Meli
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Mattace Raso
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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Xiao M, Tang D, Luan S, Hu B, Gong W, Pommer W, Dai Y, Yin L. Dysregulated coagulation system links to inflammation in diabetic kidney disease. FRONTIERS IN CLINICAL DIABETES AND HEALTHCARE 2023; 4:1270028. [PMID: 38143793 PMCID: PMC10748384 DOI: 10.3389/fcdhc.2023.1270028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a significant contributor to end-stage renal disease worldwide. Despite extensive research, the exact mechanisms responsible for its development remain incompletely understood. Notably, patients with diabetes and impaired kidney function exhibit a hypercoagulable state characterized by elevated levels of coagulation molecules in their plasma. Recent studies propose that coagulation molecules such as thrombin, fibrinogen, and platelets are interconnected with the complement system, giving rise to an inflammatory response that potentially accelerates the progression of DKD. Remarkably, investigations have shown that inhibiting the coagulation system may protect the kidneys in various animal models and clinical trials, suggesting that these systems could serve as promising therapeutic targets for DKD. This review aims to shed light on the underlying connections between coagulation and complement systems and their involvement in the advancement of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyun Xiao
- Institute of Nephrology and Blood Purification, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Donge Tang
- Shenzhen People’s Hospital/The Second Clinical School of Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaodong Luan
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Institute of Nephrology and Blood Purification, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenyu Gong
- Institute of Nephrology and Blood Purification, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wolfgang Pommer
- KfH Kuratoriumfuer Dialyse und Nierentransplantatione.V., Bildungszentrum, Neu-Isenburg, Germany
| | - Yong Dai
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui, China
| | - Lianghong Yin
- Institute of Nephrology and Blood Purification, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Qi Z, Yan Z, Zhu K, Wang Y, Fan Y, Li T, Zhang J. Novel treatment from a botanical formulation Si-Miao-Yong-an decoction inhibits vasa vasorum angiogenesis and stabilizes atherosclerosis plaques via the Wnt1/β-catenin signalling pathway. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2023; 61:1364-1373. [PMID: 37651108 PMCID: PMC10472848 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2023.2249061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Si-Miao-Yong-An (SMYA) has been widely used for the clinical treatment of atherosclerosis (AS). Yet, its complete mechanism of action is not fully understood. OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanism by which SMYA stabilizes AS plaques from the perspective of inhibiting vasa vasorum (VV) angiogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used male ApoE-/- mice to establish an AS model. The mice were divided into model, SMYA (11.7 mg/kg/d), and simvastatin (SVTT) (2.6 mg/kg/d) groups. Mice were given SMYA or SVTT by daily gavage for 8 weeks. HE staining, immunofluorescence double-labelling staining, and immunohistochemical staining were used to observe the pathological changes in the plaques. Finally, the protein and mRNA expression levels of the Wnt1/β-catenin signalling pathway were detected by Western blot and qRT-PCR, respectively. RESULTS SMYA significantly attenuated cholesterol crystallization, and lipid accumulation in AS plaques, resulting in smaller plaque size (0.25 mm2 vs. 0.46 mm2), and lowering ratio of plaque to lumen area (20.04% vs. 38.33%) and VV density (50.64/mm2 vs. 98.02/mm2). Meanwhile, SMYA suppressed both the positive area percentage of Wnt1 (2.53 vs. 3.56), β-catenin (3.33 vs. 5.65) and Cyclin D1 (2.10 vs. 3.27) proteins in the aortic root plaques, and mRNA expression of Wnt1 (1.38 vs. 2.09), β-catenin (2.05 vs. 3.25) and Cyclin D1 (1.39 vs. 2.57). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS SMYA has a protective effect against AS, which may be related to its anti-VV angiogenesis in plaques, suggesting that SMYA has the potential as a novel botanical formulation in the treatment of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwen Qi
- Postdoctoral Research Station of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
- Institute of Gerontology, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Zhipeng Yan
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Ke Zhu
- Zhengzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yueyao Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Yajie Fan
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Junping Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
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6
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Sinha SK, Nicholas SB. Pathomechanisms of Diabetic Kidney Disease. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7349. [PMID: 38068400 PMCID: PMC10707303 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12237349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The worldwide occurrence of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is swiftly rising, primarily attributed to the growing population of individuals affected by type 2 diabetes. This surge has been transformed into a substantial global concern, placing additional strain on healthcare systems already grappling with significant demands. The pathogenesis of DKD is intricate, originating with hyperglycemia, which triggers various mechanisms and pathways: metabolic, hemodynamic, inflammatory, and fibrotic which ultimately lead to renal damage. Within each pathway, several mediators contribute to the development of renal structural and functional changes. Some of these mediators, such as inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species, and transforming growth factor β are shared among the different pathways, leading to significant overlap and interaction between them. While current treatment options for DKD have shown advancement over previous strategies, their effectiveness remains somewhat constrained as patients still experience residual risk of disease progression. Therefore, a comprehensive grasp of the molecular mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of DKD is imperative for the continued creation of novel and groundbreaking therapies for this condition. In this review, we discuss the current achievements in fundamental research, with a particular emphasis on individual factors and recent developments in DKD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyesh K. Sinha
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
- College of Medicine, Charles R Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
| | - Susanne B. Nicholas
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
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Tang Y, Wan F, Tang X, Lin Y, Zhang H, Cao J, Yang R. Celastrol attenuates diabetic nephropathy by upregulating SIRT1-mediated inhibition of EZH2related wnt/β-catenin signaling. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 122:110584. [PMID: 37454630 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Proteinuria is an independent risk factor for the progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and an imbalance in podocyte function aggravates proteinuria. Celastrol is the primary active ingredient of T. wilfordii, effective in treating DN renal injury; however, the mechanisms underlying its effect are unclear. We explored how celastrol prevents DN podocyte damage using in vivo and in vitro experiments. We randomly divided 24 male C57BLKS/J mice into three groups: db/m (n = 8), db/db (n = 8), and celastrol groups (db/db + celastrol, 1 mg/kg/d, gavage administration, n = 8). In vivo experiments lasted 12 weeks and intervention lasted ten weeks. Serum samples and kidney tissues were collected for biochemical tests, pathological staining, transmission electron microscopy, fluorescencequantitation polymerase chain reaction, and western blotting analysis. In vitro experiments to elaborate the mechanism of celastrol protection were performed on high glucose (HG)-induced podocyte injury. Celastrol reduced blood glucose levels and renal function index in db/db mice, attenuated renal histomorphological injury and glomerular podocyte foot injuries, and induced significant anti-inflammatory effects. Celastrol upregulated silent information regulator 2 related enzyme 1(SIRT1) expression and downregulated enhancer of zeste homolog (EZH2), inhibiting the wnt/β-catenin pathway-related molecules, such as wnt1, wnt7a, and β-catenin. SIRT1 repressed the promoter activity of EZH2, and was co-immunoprecipitated with EZH2 in mouse podocyte cells (MPC5). SIRT1 knockdown aggravated the protective effects of celastrol on MPC5 cells. Celastrol protected podocyte injury via SIRT1/EZH2, which participates in the wnt/β-catenin pathway. Overall, celastrol-mediated SIRT1 upregulation inhibited the EZH2-related wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to attenuate DN and podocyte injury, providing a theoretical basis for celastrol clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuewen Tang
- Laboratory of Nephropathy, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feng Wan
- Laboratory of Nephropathy, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuanli Tang
- Laboratory of Nephropathy, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Lin
- Laboratory of Nephropathy, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huaqin Zhang
- Laboratory of Nephropathy, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiawei Cao
- Laboratory of Nephropathy, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruchun Yang
- Laboratory of Nephropathy, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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8
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Zhao TQ, Li Y, Zhang M, Zhao MC, Cao X, Hou SZ. Glycyrrhizic Acid Protects Glomerular Podocytes Induced by High Glucose by Modulating SNARK/AMPK Signaling Pathway. Curr Med Sci 2023; 43:696-707. [PMID: 37450070 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-023-2765-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most important microvascular complications of diabetes, which mainly refers to glomerular capillary sclerosis. Podocytes are an important part of glomerular capillaries. Previous clinical and basic studies have shown that fibrosis is the main factor of diabetic nephropathy. This study aimed to assess the protective mechanism of glycyrrhizic acid (GA) on glomerular podocytes induced by high glucose as we hypothesized that GA may have antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects on podocytes through regulation of the adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/sucrose nonfermenting AMPK-related kinase (SNARK) signaling pathway. METHODS SNARK siRNA was used to transfect podocytes. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence staining assays were used for molecular and pathological analysis. The expression levels of key pathway proteins (including TGF-β1, α-SMA, SITR1, AMPKα, LKB1, PGC-1α, NF-κB, IL-6, and TNF-α) were verified by Western blotting. The expression of inflammatory factors in podocytes was detected by ELISA. RESULTS We demonstrated that GA decreased the expression of podocyte fibrosis signaling pathway-related factors by upregulating the AMPK pathway and its related factors. However, after transfection of podocytes with SNARK siRNA, there was an increased expression of fibrosis-related factors and inflammation-related factors. CONCLUSION GA can protect podocytes and alleviate fibrosis and inflammation induced by high glucose, which is related to the AMPK signaling pathway. Meanwhile, knockdown of SNARK protein can inhibit the AMPK signaling pathway, aggravate fibrosis, and increase inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Qi Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Yuan Li
- School of Nursing, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Department of Pathology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Meng-Chao Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Xue Cao
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Shao-Zhang Hou
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
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9
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Esawy M, Abd-elhameed A, Gomaa AF, Baioumy SA, ElKot MA, Hegab MA, Alazzouni AS, Thagfan FA, Abdel-Gaber R, Dkhil MA, Shabana MA. LncRNA-GAS5 and β-Catenin as Independent Predictors of Asymptomatic Organ Damage in Nondiabetic Hypertensive Patients. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:6009-6015. [PMID: 36816667 PMCID: PMC9933191 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is a serious medical condition that can increase the risk of developing heart, brain, kidney, and other diseases. Many asymptomatic hypertension patients experience asymptomatic organ damage (AOD). The purpose of this study was to determine the roles of LncRNA-GAS5 and β-catenin in predicting AOD in hypertensive nondiabetic patients. This study included 256 subjects, 128 hypertension patients (75 of whom had AOD, and 53 of whom did not) and 128 healthy controls. qRT-PCR was used to assess LncRNA-GAS5, and ELISA was used to assess β-catenin. The LncRNA-GAS5 expression level was decreased in hypertensive patients compared to controls (p-value < 0.001). On the other hand, β-catenin levels showed higher levels in the patients in comparison with controls (p-value < 0.001). A 0.38-fold change in LncRNA-GAS5 expression predicted AOD with 86.6% sensitivity and 88.7% specificity. β-Catenin > 80.5 pg/mL predicted AOD with a sensitivity of 82.6% and specificity of 69.8%. LncRNA-GAS5 expression was a better diagnostic predictor of AOD than β-catenin. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, decreased LncRNA-GAS5 expression independently increased the risk of AOD (adjusted odds ratio = 0.03 (95% CI: 0.01-0.1) (p < 0.001). Furthermore, elevated β-catenin levels may be an independent risk factor for AOD (adjusted odds ratio = 14.3 (95% confidence interval, 3.3-61.9) (p < 0.001). Collectively, in hypertensive patients, LncRNA GAS5 and β-catenin can distinguish patients with AOD from those who do not have AOD. LncRNA GAS5 and β-catenin can be used as independent predictors of AOD in hypertensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa
M. Esawy
- Clinical
Pathology Depart, Faculty of Human Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Amir Abd-elhameed
- Internal
Medicine Department, Faculty of Human Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Ahmed F. Gomaa
- Internal
Medicine Department, Faculty of Human Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Shereen A. Baioumy
- Microbiology
and Immunology Department, Faculty of Human Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Moataz A. ElKot
- Cardiology
Department, Faculty of Human Medicine, Zagazig
University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A. Hegab
- Ophthalmology
Department, Faculty of Human Medicine, Zagazig
University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S. Alazzouni
- Department
of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt
| | - Felwa A. Thagfan
- Department
of Biology, College of Science, Princess
Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rewaida Abdel-Gaber
- Department
of Zoology, Faculty of Science, King Saud
University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. Dkhil
- Department
of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt
- Applied
Science Research Center, Applied Science
Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan
| | - Marwa A. Shabana
- Clinical
Pathology Depart, Faculty of Human Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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10
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Lv Z, Xu H, Si X, Xu S, Li X, Li N, Zhou Q, Chang M, Yao S, Li H. XAV-939 inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transformation in pulmonary fibrosis induced by crystalline silica via the Wnt signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:460-471. [PMID: 36305172 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Silicosis is an occupational lung disease that results from long-term inhalation of free silica dust, the expression is sustained inflammation response, fibroblast hyperplasia, and excessive collagen deposit, bringing about pulmonary interstitial fibrosis. Wnt signaling pathway exists in various kinds of eukaryotic cells, is a highly conservative signaling pathway in biological evolution, and participates in cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, and polarity of physiological activity, such as in embryonic development, organ morphology, and tumor. In addition, it plays an important role in the progress of fibrosis disease. At present, studies related to silicosis are increasing, but the pathogenesis of silicosis still is not clear. In recent years, more and more studies have suggested that the Wnt signaling pathway could participate in the pathogenesis of silicosis fibrosis. In the study, we explored the mechanism of the Wnt signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of silicosis fibrosis and evaluated the effect of XAV-939 treatment epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) induced by silica. In addition, the results showed that EMT and activation of the Wnt signaling pathway would occur after stimulation of silica or TGF-β1. However, after treatment with the Wnt signaling pathway inhibitor XAV-939, EMT was reversed and the expression of the β-catenin decreased. These results suggested that the Wnt signaling pathway is associated with EMT induced by silica and it could be a potential target for the treatment of silicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Lv
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Hao Xu
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xuezhe Si
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Zhengzhou Erqi District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shushuo Xu
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xinxiao Li
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ning Li
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Meiyu Chang
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Sanqiao Yao
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Haibin Li
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
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11
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Scharf P, Rizzetto F, Xavier LF, Farsky SHP. Xenobiotics Delivered by Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: Potential Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms on the Pathogenesis of Chronic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810293. [PMID: 36142207 PMCID: PMC9498982 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized as sustained damage to the renal parenchyma, leading to impaired renal functions and gradually progressing to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Diabetes mellitus (DM) and arterial hypertension (AH) are underlying diseases of CKD. Genetic background, lifestyle, and xenobiotic exposures can favor CKD onset and trigger its underlying diseases. Cigarette smoking (CS) is a known modified risk factor for CKD. Compounds from tobacco combustion act through multi-mediated mechanisms that impair renal function. Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) consumption, such as e-cigarettes and heated tobacco devices, is growing worldwide. ENDS release mainly nicotine, humectants, and flavorings, which generate several byproducts when heated, including volatile organic compounds and ultrafine particles. The toxicity assessment of these products is emerging in human and experimental studies, but data are yet incipient to achieve truthful conclusions about their safety. To build up the knowledge about the effect of currently employed ENDS on the pathogenesis of CKD, cellular and molecular mechanisms of ENDS xenobiotic on DM, AH, and kidney functions were reviewed. Unraveling the toxic mechanisms of action and endpoints of ENDS exposures will contribute to the risk assessment and implementation of proper health and regulatory interventions.
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12
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Xu Y, Zhan X. lncRNA KCNQ1OT1 regulated high glucose-induced proliferation, oxidative stress, extracellular matrix accumulation, and inflammation by miR-147a/SOX6 in diabetic nephropathy (DN). Endocr J 2022; 69:511-522. [PMID: 34911869 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej21-0514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been proved to play critical roles in diabetic nephropathy (DN). This study aimed to investigate the functions and underlying mechanism of potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 1 overlapping transcript 1 (KCNQ1OT1) in DN. Blood samples were obtained from 33 DN patients and 30 healthy volunteers. Kidney biopsies tissues of DN patients (n = 10) and patients with normal kidney morphology (n = 10) were collected. We found that KCNQ1OT1 was markedly overexpressed in the blood and kidney biopsies tissues of DN patients, as well as in high glucose (HG)-cultured human glomerular mesangial (HGMC) cells. Knockdown of KCNQ1OT1 suppressed proliferation, extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation, inflammation, and oxidative stress in HG-treated HGMC cells in vitro. KCNQ1OT1 functioned as a sponge for microRNA-147a (miR-147a), and SRY-Box Transcription Factor 6 (SOX6) was directly targeted by miR-147a. Downregulation of miR-147a or upregulation of SOX6 partly overturned the prohibitive effects of KCNQ1OT1 knockdown or miR-147a overexpression on proliferation, ECM accumulation, inflammation, and oxidative stress in HG-treated HGMC cells. Altogether, KCNQ1OT1 mediated the proliferation, ECM accumulation, inflammation, and oxidative stress in HG-treated HGMC cells via miR-147a/SOX6 axis, which might be a novel target for DN therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xu
- Department of Blood Purification Center, Huangshi Central Hospital (Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University), Edong Healthcare Group, 435000, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhan
- Department of Blood Purification Center, Huangshi Central Hospital (Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University), Edong Healthcare Group, 435000, Hubei, China
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13
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Jha NK, Chen WC, Kumar S, Dubey R, Tsai LW, Kar R, Jha SK, Gupta PK, Sharma A, Gundamaraju R, Pant K, Mani S, Singh SK, Maccioni RB, Datta T, Singh SK, Gupta G, Prasher P, Dua K, Dey A, Sharma C, Mughal YH, Ruokolainen J, Kesari KK, Ojha S. Molecular mechanisms of developmental pathways in neurological disorders: a pharmacological and therapeutic review. Open Biol 2022; 12:210289. [PMID: 35291879 PMCID: PMC8924757 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.210289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Developmental signalling pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin, Notch and Sonic hedgehog play a central role in nearly all the stages of neuronal development. The term 'embryonic' might appear to be a misnomer to several people because these pathways are functional during the early stages of embryonic development and adulthood, albeit to a certain degree. Therefore, any aberration in these pathways or their associated components may contribute towards a detrimental outcome in the form of neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and stroke. In the last decade, researchers have extensively studied these pathways to decipher disease-related interactions, which can be used as therapeutic targets to improve outcomes in patients with neurological abnormalities. However, a lot remains to be understood in this domain. Nevertheless, there is strong evidence supporting the fact that embryonic signalling is indeed a crucial mechanism as is manifested by its role in driving memory loss, motor impairments and many other processes after brain trauma. In this review, we explore the key roles of three embryonic pathways in modulating a range of homeostatic processes such as maintaining blood-brain barrier integrity, mitochondrial dynamics and neuroinflammation. In addition, we extensively investigated the effect of these pathways in driving the pathophysiology of a range of disorders such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and diabetic neuropathy. The concluding section of the review is dedicated to neurotherapeutics, wherein we identify and list a range of biological molecules and compounds that have shown enormous potential in improving prognosis in patients with these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India
| | - Wei-Chih Chen
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Department of Life Science, School of Basic Science and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India
| | - Rajni Dubey
- Department of Medicine Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Lung-Wen Tsai
- Department of Medicine Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan,Department of Information Technology Office, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan,Graduate Institute of Data Science, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Rohan Kar
- Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad (IIMA), Gujarat 380015, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India
| | - Piyush Kumar Gupta
- Department of Life Science, School of Basic Science and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India
| | - Ankur Sharma
- Department of Life Science, School of Basic Science and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India
| | - Rohit Gundamaraju
- ER Stress and Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania 7248, Australia
| | - Kumud Pant
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era deemed to be University Dehradun Uttarakhand, 248002 Dehradun, India
| | - Shalini Mani
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, A-10, Sector 62, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201301, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar Singh
- Indian Scientific Education and Technology Foundation, Lucknow 226002, India
| | - Ricardo B. Maccioni
- Laboratory of Neurosciences and Functional Medicine, International Center for Biomedicine (ICC) and Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Tirtharaj Datta
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Road, 302017 Jagatpura, Jaipur, India
| | - Parteek Prasher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata 700073, India,Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, and
| | - Charu Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yasir Hayat Mughal
- Department of Health Administration, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Kavindra Kumar Kesari
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, and,Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo 00076, Finland
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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14
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Wang H, Zhang R, Wu X, Chen Y, Ji W, Wang J, Zhang Y, Xia Y, Tang Y, Yuan J. The Wnt Signaling Pathway in Diabetic Nephropathy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:701547. [PMID: 35059392 PMCID: PMC8763969 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.701547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious kidney-related complication of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM, T2DM) and the second major cause of end-stage kidney disease. DN can lead to hypertension, edema, and proteinuria. In some cases, DN can even progress to kidney failure, a life-threatening condition. The precise etiology and pathogenesis of DN remain unknown, although multiple factors are believed to be involved. The main pathological manifestations of DN include mesangial expansion, thickening of the glomerular basement membrane, and podocyte injury. Eventually, these pathological manifestations will lead to glomerulosclerosis, thus affecting renal function. There is an urgent need to develop new strategies for the prevention and treatment of DN. Existing evidence shows that the Wnt signaling cascade plays a key role in regulating the development of DN. Previous studies focused on the role of the Wnt canonical signaling pathway in DN. Subsequently, accumulated evidence on the mechanism of the Wnt non-canonical signaling indicated that Wnt/Ca2+ and Wnt/PCP also have essential roles in the progression of DN. In this review, we summarize the specific mechanisms of Wnt signaling in the occurrence and development of DN in podocyte injury, mesangial cell injury, and renal fibrosis. Also, to elucidate the significance of the Wnt canonical pathway in the process of DN, we uncovered evidence supporting that both Wnt/PCP and Wnt/Ca2+ signaling are critical for DN development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Wang
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- Basic Medical School, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Xinjie Wu
- Basic Medical School, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yafen Chen
- Basic Medical School, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Wei Ji
- Basic Medical School, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Jingsuo Wang
- Basic Medical School, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yawen Zhang
- Basic Medical School, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yong Xia
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology of Shandong Higher Education, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yiqun Tang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinxiang Yuan
- Collaborative Innovation Center, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
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15
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Wang Z, Chen X, Li C, Tang W. Application of weighted gene co-expression network analysis to identify novel key genes in diabetic nephropathy. J Diabetes Investig 2022; 13:112-124. [PMID: 34245661 PMCID: PMC8756323 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is among the leading causes of end-stage renal disease worldwide. DN pathogenesis remains largely unknown. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis is a powerful bioinformatic tool for identifying key genes in diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS The datasets GSE30122, GSE104948, GSE37463 and GSE47185 containing 23 DN and 23 normal glomeruli samples were obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information Gene Expression Omnibus database. After data pre-processing, weighted gene co-expression network analysis was carried out to cluster significant modules. Then, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis-based Gene Ontology analysis and visualization of network were carried out to screen the key genes in the most significant modules. The connectivity map analysis was carried out to find the significant chemical compounds. Finally, some key genes were validated in in vivo and in vitro experiments. RESULTS A total of 454 upregulated and 392 downregulated genes were identified. A total of 16 modules were clustered, and the most significant modules (green, red and yellow modules) were determined. The green module was associated with extracellular matrix organization, the red module was associated with immunity reaction and the yellow module was associated with kidney development. We found several key genes in these three modules separately, and part of them were validated in vivo and in vitro successfully. We found the top 15 chemical compounds that could perturb the overall expression of key genes in DN. CONCLUSION Weighted gene co-expression network analysis was applied to DN expression profiling in combination with connectivity map analysis. Several novel key genes and chemical compounds were screened out, providing new molecular targets for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Department of NephrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Xiaolei Chen
- Department of NephrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Chao Li
- Department of NephrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Wanxin Tang
- Department of NephrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
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16
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Chen CH, Ke GM, Lin PC, Lin KD. Therapeutic DNA vaccine encoding CEMIP (KIAA1199) ameliorates kidney fibrosis in obesity through inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2021; 1865:130019. [PMID: 34582938 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2021.130019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CEMIP is a novel risk factor of various cancers through activating Wnt/β-catenin /epithelial-mesenchymal transition between epithelial cells and stroma. The chronic fibrosis commonly contributes renal carcinogenesis in patients with obesity. As there have very few choices of medicines targeting CEMIP. This study intended to design therapeutic DNA vaccines for nephropathy in obesity, through diminishing the CEMIP/Wnt1/β-catenin pathway. METHOD In an 8-week experiment, plasmid-encoding CEMIP was vaccinated into high-fat diet (HFD) or obesity mice in the first 4 weeks, and then vaccination was stopped for at least 4 weeks. Then, plasma and spleens were harvested to evaluate anti-CEMIP antibody synthesis and T-helper type 1 and 2 activation after vaccination. Kidneys were collected to investigate efficacy of CEMIP DNA vaccine on inhibiting HFD and obesity-induced fibrosis and Wnt1/β-catenin pathway. To confirm that CEMIP crucially contributed towards fibrotic formation, CEMIP gene or siRNA transfection was performed in HK-2 cells under VLDL stimulation, or not. RESULTS At the end point, anti-CEMIP antibody was successfully produced in the pcDNA 3.1-CEMIP vaccinated group, while Wnt1/β-catenin signaling and fibrosis was inactive. Through VLDL stimulation and CEMIP overexpression, Wnt1/β-catenin signaling and fibrosis significantly presented in vitro. Otherwise, anti-sera of CEMIP-vaccinated mice could inhibit the VLDL-induced Wnt1/β-catenin/fibrosis pathway in HK-2 cells. Similarly, the silencing of CEMIP by siRNA ameliorated the Wnt1/β-catenin pathway and fibrogenesis under VLDL stimulation. CONCLUSION DNA vaccine targeting CEMIP/Wnt1/β-catenin pathway plays a novel strategy in nephropathy. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Immune therapy might provide a new therapeutic option on nephropathy of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Hung Chen
- General Research Service Center, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Ming Ke
- Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Chen Lin
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Der Lin
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan..
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17
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Abstract
Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors are the latest class of antidiabetic medications. They prevent glucose reabsorption in the proximal convoluted tubule to decrease blood sugar. Several animal studies revealed that SGLT-2 is profoundly involved in the inflammatory response, fibrogenesis, and regulation of numerous intracellular signaling pathways. Likewise, SGLT-2 inhibitors markedly attenuated inflammation and fibrogenesis and improved the function of damaged organ in animal studies, observational studies, and clinical trials. SGLT-2 inhibitors can decrease blood pressure and ameliorate hypertriglyceridemia and obesity. Likewise, they improve the outcome of cardiovascular diseases such as heart failure, arrhythmias, and ischemic heart disease. SGLT-2 inhibitors are associated with lower cardiovascular and all-cause mortality as well. Meanwhile, they protect against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), chronic kidney disease, acute kidney injury, and improve micro- and macroalbuminuria. SGLT-2 inhibitors can reprogram numerous signaling pathways to improve NAFLD, cardiovascular diseases, and renal diseases. For instance, they enhance lipolysis, ketogenesis, mitochondrial biogenesis, and autophagy while they attenuate the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, lipogenesis, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and fibrogenesis. This review explains the beneficial effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors on NAFLD and cardiovascular and renal diseases and dissects the underlying molecular mechanisms in detail. This narrative review explains the beneficial effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors on NAFLD and cardiovascular and renal diseases using the results of latest observational studies, clinical trials, and meta-analyses. Thereafter, it dissects the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in the clinical effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors on these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moein Ala
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
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18
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Li SS, Sun Q, Hua MR, Suo P, Chen JR, Yu XY, Zhao YY. Targeting the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway as a Potential Therapeutic Strategy in Renal Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:719880. [PMID: 34483931 PMCID: PMC8415231 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.719880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays important roles in embryonic development and tissue homeostasis. Wnt signaling is induced, and β-catenin is activated, associated with the development and progression of renal fibrosis. Wnt/β-catenin controls the expression of various downstream mediators such as snail1, twist, matrix metalloproteinase-7, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, transient receptor potential canonical 6, and renin-angiotensin system components in epithelial cells, fibroblast, and macrophages. In addition, Wnt/β-catenin is usually intertwined with other signaling pathways to promote renal interstitial fibrosis. Actually, given the crucial of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in renal fibrogenesis, blocking this signaling may benefit renal interstitial fibrosis. There are several antagonists of Wnt signaling that negatively control Wnt activation, and these include soluble Fzd-related proteins, the family of Dickkopf 1 proteins, Klotho and Wnt inhibitory factor-1. Furthermore, numerous emerging small-molecule β-catenin inhibitors cannot be ignored to prevent and treat renal fibrosis. Moreover, we reviewed the knowledge focusing on anti-fibrotic effects of natural products commonly used in kidney disease by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Therefore, in this review, we summarize recent advances in the regulation, downstream targets, role, and mechanisms of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in renal fibrosis pathogenesis. We also discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting this pathway to treat renal fibrosis; this may shed new insights into effective treatment strategies to prevent and treat renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Li
- Department of Nephrology, Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xi'an, China.,The First School of Clinical Medicine, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Qian Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xi'an, China.,The First School of Clinical Medicine, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Meng-Ru Hua
- Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ping Suo
- Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jia-Rong Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Yong Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Ying-Yong Zhao
- Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
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19
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Wang X, Chen J, Xu J, Xie J, Harris DCH, Zheng G. The Role of Macrophages in Kidney Fibrosis. Front Physiol 2021; 12:705838. [PMID: 34421643 PMCID: PMC8378534 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.705838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The phenotypic heterogeneity and functional diversity of macrophages confer on them complexed roles in the development and progression of kidney diseases. After kidney injury, bone marrow-derived monocytes are rapidly recruited to the glomerulus and tubulointerstitium. They are activated and differentiated on site into pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages, which initiate Th1-type adaptive immune responses and damage normal tissues. In contrast, anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages induce Th2-type immune responses, secrete large amounts of TGF-β and anti-inflammatory cytokines, transform into αSMA+ myofibroblasts in injured kidney, inhibit immune responses, and promote wound healing and tissue fibrosis. Previous studies on the role of macrophages in kidney fibrosis were mainly focused on inflammation-associated injury and injury repair. Apart from macrophage-secreted profibrotic cytokines, such as TGF-β, evidence for a direct contribution of macrophages to kidney fibrosis is lacking. However, under inflammatory conditions, Wnt ligands are derived mainly from macrophages and Wnt signaling is central in the network of multiple profibrotic pathways. Largely underinvestigated are the direct contribution of macrophages to profibrotic signaling pathways, macrophage phenotypic heterogeneity and functional diversity in relation to kidney fibrosis, and on their cross-talk with other cells in profibrotic signaling networks that cause fibrosis. Here we aim to provide an overview on the roles of macrophage phenotypic and functional diversity in their contribution to pro-fibrotic signaling pathways, and on the therapeutic potential of targeting macrophages for the treatment of kidney fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Clinical Laboratory, Shanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jianwei Chen
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of General Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - David C. H. Harris
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Guoping Zheng
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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20
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Zhou LT, Zhang ZJ, Cao JY, Chen H, Zhu YS, Wu X, Nawabi AQ, Liu X, Shan W, Zhang Y, Zhang XR, Xue J, Hu L, Wang SS, Wang L, Sun ZX. The unique molecular mechanism of diabetic nephropathy: a bioinformatics analysis of over 250 microarray datasets. Clin Kidney J 2021; 14:1626-1638. [PMID: 34084458 PMCID: PMC8162860 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfaa190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the main causes of end-stage kidney disease worldwide. Emerging studies have suggested that its pathogenesis is distinct from nondiabetic renal diseases in many aspects. However, it still lacks a comprehensive understanding of the unique molecular mechanism of DN. Methods A total of 255 Affymetrix U133 microarray datasets (Affymetrix, Santa Calra, CA, USA) of human glomerular and tubulointerstitial tissues were collected. The 22 215 Affymetrix identifiers shared by the Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 and U133A Array were extracted to facilitate dataset pooling. Next, a linear model was constructed and the empirical Bayes method was used to select the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of each kidney disease. Based on these DEG sets, the unique DEGs of DN were identified and further analyzed using gene ontology and pathway enrichment analysis. Finally, the protein–protein interaction networks (PINs) were constructed and hub genes were selected to further refine the results. Results A total of 129 and 1251 unique DEGs were identified in the diabetic glomerulus (upregulated n = 83 and downregulated n = 203) and the diabetic tubulointerstitium (upregulated n = 399 and downregulated n = 874), respectively. Enrichment analysis revealed that the DEGs in the diabetic glomerulus were significantly associated with the extracellular matrix, cell growth, regulation of blood coagulation, cholesterol homeostasis, intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway and renal filtration cell differentiation. In the diabetic tubulointerstitium, the significantly enriched biological processes and pathways included metabolism, the advanced glycation end products–receptor for advanced glycation end products signaling pathway in diabetic complications, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway, the FoxO signaling pathway, autophagy and ferroptosis. By constructing PINs, several nodes, such as AGR2, CSNK2A1, EGFR and HSPD1, were identified as hub genes, which might play key roles in regulating the development of DN. Conclusions Our study not only reveals the unique molecular mechanism of DN but also provides a valuable resource for biomarker and therapeutic target discovery. Some of our findings are promising and should be explored in future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le-Ting Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhi-Jian Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing-Yuan Cao
- Nephrology Department, Taizhou People's Hospital, Fifth Affiliated Hospital to Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hanzhi Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu-Shan Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xi Wu
- Department of Bioinformatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Abdul Qadir Nawabi
- School of Medicine, Southeast University Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaobin Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weiwei Shan
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xi-Ran Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Xue
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ling Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Si-Si Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhu-Xing Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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Liu H, Yan R, Liang L, Zhang H, Xiang J, Liu L, Zhang X, Mao Y, Peng W, Xiao Y, Zhang F, Zhou Y, Shi M, Wang Y, Guo B. The role of CDX2 in renal tubular lesions during diabetic kidney disease. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:6782-6803. [PMID: 33621200 PMCID: PMC7993706 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Renal tubules are vulnerable targets of various factors causing kidney injury in diabetic kidney disease (DKD), and the degree of tubular lesions is closely related to renal function. Abnormal renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) differentiation and depletion of cell junction proteins are important in DKD pathogenesis. Caudal-type homeobox transcription factor 2 (CDX2), represents a key nuclear transcription factor that maintains normal proliferation and differentiation of the intestinal epithelium. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of CDX2 on RTECs differentiation and cell junction proteins in DKD. The results demonstrated that CDX2 was mainly localized in renal tubules, and downregulated in various DKD models. CDX2 upregulated E-cadherin and suppressed partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which can alleviate hyperglycemia-associated RTECs injury. Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) was regulated by CDX2 in NRK-52E cells, and CFTR interfered with β-catenin activation by binding to Dvl2, which is an essential component of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. CFTR knockdown abolished the suppressive effects of CDX2 on Wnt/β-catenin signaling, thereby upregulating cell junction proteins and inhibiting partial EMT in RTECs. In summary, CDX2 can improve renal tubular lesions during DKD by increasing CFTR amounts to suppress the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiming Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui Yan
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Luqun Liang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Huifang Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Jiayi Xiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Lingling Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaohuan Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Yanwen Mao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuxia Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Mingjun Shi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Bing Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
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Hou NN, Kan CX, Huang N, Liu YP, Mao EW, Ma YT, Han F, Sun HX, Sun XD. Relationship between serum Dickkopf-1 and albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes. World J Diabetes 2021; 12:47-55. [PMID: 33520107 PMCID: PMC7807253 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v12.i1.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic kidney disease is a microvascular complication of diabetes with complex pathogenesis. Wingless signaling-mediated renal fibrosis is associated with diabetic kidney disease. Dickkopf-1, a negative regulator of Wingless, has been proven to participate in renal fibrosis, glucose metabolism, and inflammation. However, whether serum Dickkopf-1 levels are associated with diabetic kidney disease remains unclear. AIM To assess the relationship between serum Dickkopf-1 levels and albuminuria in individuals with type 2 diabetes. METHODS Seventy-three type 2 diabetes patients and 24 healthy individuals were enrolled in this case-control study. Diabetic individuals were separated into normal albuminuria, microalbuminuria, and macroalbuminuria groups based on their urinary albumin/creatinine ratios (UACRs). Clinical characteristics and metabolic indices were recorded. Serum Dickkopf-1 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS No significant difference in serum Dickkopf-1 levels was found between healthy individuals and the normal albuminuria group. However, the levels in the microalbuminuria group were significantly lower than those in the normal albuminuria group (P = 0.017), and those in the macroalbuminuria group were the lowest. Bivariate analysis revealed that serum Dickkopf-1 levels were positively correlated with hemoglobin A1c level (r = 0.368, P < 0.01) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (r = 0.339, P < 0.01), but negatively correlated with diabetes duration (r = -0.231, P = 0.050), systolic blood pressure (r = -0.369, P = 0.001), serum creatinine level (r = -0.325, P < 0.01), and UACR (r = -0.459, P < 0.01). Multiple and logistic regression showed that serum Dickkopf-1 levels were independently associated with UACR (odds ratio = 0.627, P = 0.021). CONCLUSION Serum Dickkopf-1 levels are negatively associated with UACR. Lower serum Dickkopf-1 levels could be a critical risk factor for albuminuria in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Ning Hou
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong Province, China
| | - Cheng-Xia Kan
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong Province, China
| | - Na Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yong-Ping Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong Province, China
| | - En-Wen Mao
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yu-Ting Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong Province, China
| | - Fang Han
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hong-Xi Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong Province, China
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Yang Y, Li J, Zhang L, Lin Z, Xiao H, Sun X, Zhang M, Liu P, Huang H. CKIP-1 acts downstream to Cx43 on the activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway to protect from renal fibrosis in diabetes. Pharmacol Res 2021; 163:105333. [PMID: 33276097 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported that both Cx43 and CKIP-1 attenuated diabetic renal fibrosis via the activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway. However, whether CKIP-1, a scaffold protein, participates in regulating the activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway by Cx43 remains to be elucidated. In this study, the effect of adenovirus-mediated Cx43 overexpression on renal fibrosis in CKIP-1-/- diabetic mice was investigated. We found that overexpression of Cx43 could significantly alleviate renal fibrosis by activating the Nrf2 pathway in diabetic mice, but have no obvious effect in CKIP-1-/- diabetic mice. Cx43 overexpressed plasmid and CKIP-1 small interfering RNA were simultaneously transfected into glomerular mesangial cells and the result demonstrated that the effect of activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway by Cx43 was blocked by CKIP-1 depletion. The interaction between Cx43 and CKIP-1 was analyzed by immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation assays. We found that Cx43 interacted with CKIP-1, and the interaction was weakened by high glucose treatment. Moreover, Cx43 regulated the expression of CKIP-1 and the interaction of CKIP-1 with Nrf2 via Cx43 carboxyl terminus (CT) domain, thereby activating Nrf2 signaling pathway. According to the results, we preliminary infer that CKIP-1 acts downstream to CX43 on the activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway to protect from renal fibrosis in diabetes, the mechanism of which might be related to the interaction of CKIP-1 with Nrf2 through Cx43 CT. Our study provides further experimental basis for targeting the Cx43-CKIP-1-Nrf2 axis to resist diabetic renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jie Li
- Medical Research Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingqiang Zhang
- Skate Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Zeyuan Lin
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haiming Xiao
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaohong Sun
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Peiqing Liu
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Heqing Huang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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24
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Chen DQ, Wu XQ, Chen L, Hu HH, Wang YN, Zhao YY. Poricoic acid A as a modulator of TPH-1 expression inhibits renal fibrosis via modulating protein stability of β-catenin and β-catenin-mediated transcription. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2020; 11:2040622320962648. [PMID: 33062239 PMCID: PMC7534062 DOI: 10.1177/2040622320962648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Renal fibrosis is the common feature of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, few drugs specifically target fibrogenesis due to the lack of an effective therapeutic target. Hence, it is urgent to find a therapeutic strategy that inhibits renal fibrosis. Here, we identified that poricoic acid A (PAA) as the modulator of tryptophan hydroxylase-1 (TPH-1), the key enzyme in tryptophan metabolism, exerted potent anti-fibrotic effects in the kidney. Methods Lentiviral vector, luciferase reporter activity assay and co-immunoprecipitation were used. The animal model of unilateral ureteral obstruction and adenine-induced chronic renal failure as well as transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-treated epithelial cells NRK-52E and fibroblasts NRK-49F were used. Results TPH-1 was gradually decreased during CKD progression, while PAA treatment significantly increased TPH-1 expression to suppress renal fibrosis. Pharmacological overexpression of TPH-1 by PAA treatment exhibited anti-fibrosis and was linked to Wnt/β-catenin signaling activity. TPH-1 exhibited anti-fibrotic effects by suppressing epithelial cell injury and fibroblast activation, and PAA promoted TPH-1 expression and then suppressed the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway via regulating the protein stability of β-catenin and β-catenin-mediated transcription. TPH-1 overexpression enhanced the anti-fibrotic effects of PAA, while TPH-1 deficiency weakened the anti-fibrotic effects of PAA, indicating that TPH-1 was required for the anti-fibrotic effects of PAA. Conclusion PAA as a modulator of TPH-1 expression attenuated renal fibrosis through regulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by acting on the protein stability of β-catenin and β-catenin-mediated transcription. TPH-1 was required for PAA to exert anti-fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Qian Chen
- Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xia-Qing Wu
- Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - He-He Hu
- Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan-Ni Wang
- Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ying-Yong Zhao
- Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
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Shati AA, Alfaifi MY. Salidroside protects against diabetes mellitus-induced kidney injury and renal fibrosis by attenuating TGF-β1 and Wnt1/3a/β-catenin signalling. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 47:1692-1704. [PMID: 32472701 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated if the nephroprotective effect of Salidroside in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) involves modulation of Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathways. Control or Streptozotocin (STZ, 50 mg/kg, iv)-induced T1DM adult male Wister rats were treated with the vehicle and Salidroside (100 mg/kg, orally) for 8 weeks daily. As compared to T1DM-induced rats, Salidroside improved kidney structure, reduced urinary protein and albumin level, increased creatinine clearance, and suppressed renal fibrosis. It also decreased mRNA and protein levels of Wnt1, Wnt3, and TGF-β1, phosphorylation of Smad-3, total and nuclear levels of β-catenin, and levels and activities of cleaved caspase-3. Concomitantly, Salidroside significantly increased the levels of p-β-catenin (Ser33/37 /Thr41 ) and suppressed protein levels of Axin-2, fibronectin, and, mRNA and protein levels of collagen IIIa, the main targets of β-catenin. In both control and T1DM rats, Salidroside significantly lowered fasting glucose levels and reduced renal levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) p-and GS3Kβ (Ser9) but significantly increased levels of SOD and GSH. In conclusion, Salidroside protected the kidney of rats against T1DM-induced injury and fibrosis by activating GS3Kβ-induced inhibition of Wnt1/Wnt3a β-catenin. This was associated with hypoglycaemic and antioxidant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A Shati
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Y Alfaifi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Ilimaquinone inhibits neovascular age-related macular degeneration through modulation of Wnt/β-catenin and p53 pathways. Pharmacol Res 2020; 161:105146. [PMID: 32814173 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) is a common cause of irreversible vision loss in the elderly. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor has been effective in treating pathological ocular neovascularization, but it has limitations including the need for repeated intraocular injections for the maintenance of therapeutic effects in most patients and poor or non-response to this agent in some patients. in vitro cellular studies were conducted using retinal pigment epithelial cell lines (ARPE-19 and hTERT-RPE1), human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and human umbilical vein smooth muscle cells (HUVSMCs). in vivo efficacy of ilimaquinone (IQ) was tested in laser-induced choroidal neovascularization mouse and rabbit models. Tissue distribution study was performed in male C57BL6/J mice. IQ, 4,9-friedodrimane-type sesquiterpenoid isolated from the marine sponge, repressed the expression of angiogenic/inflammatory factors and restored the expression of E-cadherin in retinal pigment epithelial cells by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In addition, it selectively inhibited proliferation and tube formation of HUVECs by activating the p53 pathway. Topical and intraperitoneal administration of IQ significantly reduced choroidal neovascularization in rabbits and mice with laser-induced choroidal neovascularization. Notably, IQ by the oral route of exposure was highly permeable to the eyes and suppressed abnormal vascular leakage by downregulation of β-catenin and stabilization of p53 in vivo. Our findings demonstrate that IQ functions through regulation of p53 and Wnt/β-catenin pathways with conceivable advantages over existing cytokine-targeted anti-angiogenic therapies.
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Wang E, Wang L, Ding R, Zhai M, Ge R, Zhou P, Wang T, Fang H, Wang J, Huang J. Astragaloside IV acts through multi-scale mechanisms to effectively reduce diabetic nephropathy. Pharmacol Res 2020; 157:104831. [PMID: 32339782 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a common complication of diabetes mellitus, is the main cause of end-stage nephropathy, and thus developing novel strategies for reversing DN remains urgent. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV), a glycoside extracted from the Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge, is a widely used Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in China and presents diverse pharmacological properties including the protective effect on DN. However, the rudimentary mechanism of AS-IV in remedying DN remains indeterminate. Currently, we systematically explore the pharmacological mechanism of action of AS-IV for treating DN. Firstly, AS-IV was evaluated by ADME assessment, and 26 targets were screened out through target prediction. Then, we decipher the protein-protein interaction (PPI), Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, disease and pathway network analysis to obtain the specific molecular biological process and pharmacological activity of AS-IV in the treatment of DN. Meanwhile, both in vivo and in vitro experiments confirmed that AS-IV has anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory, anti-epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) effects, and can inhibit the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, ultimately ameliorating the renal injury caused by high glucose. Additionally, we also applied molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation to predict the specific binding sites and binding capacity of AS-IV and related targets. Overall, the comprehensive system pharmacology method and experiment validations provide an accurate explanation for the molecular mechanism of AS-IV in the treatment of DN. Moreover, it is expected to provide a brand new strategy for exploring the effective components of TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enyu Wang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Wang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, People's Republic of China; Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, People's Republic of China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Ding
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengting Zhai
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruirui Ge
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhou
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, People's Republic of China; Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, People's Republic of China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Wang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Fang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinghui Wang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, People's Republic of China; Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, People's Republic of China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinling Huang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, People's Republic of China; Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, People's Republic of China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.
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Abstract
Developmental signaling pathways control a vast array of biological processes during embryogenesis and in adult life. The WNT pathway was discovered simultaneously in cancer and development. Recent advances have expanded the role of WNT to a wide range of pathologies in humans. Here, we discuss the WNT pathway and its role in human disease and some of the advances in WNT-related treatments.
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Xiao L, Chen Y, Yuan Y, Xu B, Gao Q, Chen P, Zhang T, Guan T. PC-1 NF suppresses high glucose-stimulated inflammation and extracellular matrix accumulation in glomerular mesangial cells via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:2029-2036. [PMID: 31410160 PMCID: PMC6676197 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide with high morbidity and mortality. Glomerular mesangial cell (MC) proliferation, inflammatory cell infiltration and extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation are the main pathological characteristics of DN. A previous study revealed that polycystin-1 N-terminal fragment (PC-1 NF) fusion protein could inhibit ECM accumulation in a mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis model. However, the role of PC-1 NF fusion protein in DN remains unknown. The results of the present study indicated that PC-1 NF fusion protein significantly abolished high glucose (HG)-induced glomerular MC viability over three time points measured (24, 48 and 72 h). In addition, PC-1 NF suppressed the levels of monocyte chemotactic peptide-1 and tumor necrosis factor α, as well as the expression of fibronectin and collagen IV, in HG-stimulated MCs. Furthermore, PC-1 NF fusion protein efficiently inhibited the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in HG-stimulated MCs. Taken together, these data indicated that PC-1 NF fusion protein inhibited HG-induced MC proliferation, inflammation, and ECM expression via the modulation of the Wnt signaling pathway. The present study indicated that PC-1 NF fusion protein may be a potential agent in treating DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangxiang Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Yingying Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Bo Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Qing Gao
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Tianying Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Tianjun Guan
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China.,Department of Nephrology, Teaching Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
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