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Toledano JM, Puche-Juarez M, Galvez-Navas JM, Moreno-Fernandez J, Diaz-Castro J, Ochoa JJ. Pregnancy Disorders: A Potential Role for Mitochondrial Altered Homeostasis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:979. [PMID: 39199225 PMCID: PMC11351112 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13080979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy is a complex and challenging process associated with physiological changes whose objective is to adapt the maternal organism to the increasing energetic requirements due to embryo and fetal development. A failed adaptation to these demands may lead to pregnancy complications that threaten the health of both mothers and their offspring. Since mitochondria are the main organelle responsible for energy generation in the form of ATP, the adequate state of these organelles seems crucial for proper pregnancy development and healthy pregnancy outcomes. The homeostasis of these organelles depends on several aspects, including their content, biogenesis, energy production, oxidative stress, dynamics, and signaling functions, such as apoptosis, which can be modified in relation to diseases during pregnancy. The etiology of pregnancy disorders like preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, and gestational diabetes mellitus is not yet well understood. Nevertheless, insufficient placental perfusion and oxygen transfer are characteristic of many of them, being associated with alterations in the previously cited different aspects of mitochondrial homeostasis. Therefore, and due to the capacity of these multifactorial organelles to respond to physiological and pathophysiological stimuli, it is of great importance to gather the currently available scientific information regarding the relationship between main pregnancy complications and mitochondrial alterations. According to this, the present review is intended to show clear insight into the possible implications of mitochondria in these disorders, thus providing relevant information for further investigation in relation to the investigation and management of pregnancy diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M. Toledano
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.M.T.); (J.D.-C.); (J.J.O.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Ph.D. Program, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - María Puche-Juarez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.M.T.); (J.D.-C.); (J.J.O.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Ph.D. Program, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Jose Maria Galvez-Navas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Cáncer Registry of Granada, Andalusian School of Public Health, Cuesta del Observatorio 4, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, 18011 Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBS), 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Jorge Moreno-Fernandez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.M.T.); (J.D.-C.); (J.J.O.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBS), 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Javier Diaz-Castro
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.M.T.); (J.D.-C.); (J.J.O.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBS), 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Julio J. Ochoa
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.M.T.); (J.D.-C.); (J.J.O.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBS), 18016 Granada, Spain
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Suryadevara V, Hudgins AD, Rajesh A, Pappalardo A, Karpova A, Dey AK, Hertzel A, Agudelo A, Rocha A, Soygur B, Schilling B, Carver CM, Aguayo-Mazzucato C, Baker DJ, Bernlohr DA, Jurk D, Mangarova DB, Quardokus EM, Enninga EAL, Schmidt EL, Chen F, Duncan FE, Cambuli F, Kaur G, Kuchel GA, Lee G, Daldrup-Link HE, Martini H, Phatnani H, Al-Naggar IM, Rahman I, Nie J, Passos JF, Silverstein JC, Campisi J, Wang J, Iwasaki K, Barbosa K, Metis K, Nernekli K, Niedernhofer LJ, Ding L, Wang L, Adams LC, Ruiyang L, Doolittle ML, Teneche MG, Schafer MJ, Xu M, Hajipour M, Boroumand M, Basisty N, Sloan N, Slavov N, Kuksenko O, Robson P, Gomez PT, Vasilikos P, Adams PD, Carapeto P, Zhu Q, Ramasamy R, Perez-Lorenzo R, Fan R, Dong R, Montgomery RR, Shaikh S, Vickovic S, Yin S, Kang S, Suvakov S, Khosla S, Garovic VD, Menon V, Xu Y, Song Y, Suh Y, Dou Z, Neretti N. SenNet recommendations for detecting senescent cells in different tissues. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2024:10.1038/s41580-024-00738-8. [PMID: 38831121 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00738-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Once considered a tissue culture-specific phenomenon, cellular senescence has now been linked to various biological processes with both beneficial and detrimental roles in humans, rodents and other species. Much of our understanding of senescent cell biology still originates from tissue culture studies, where each cell in the culture is driven to an irreversible cell cycle arrest. By contrast, in tissues, these cells are relatively rare and difficult to characterize, and it is now established that fully differentiated, postmitotic cells can also acquire a senescence phenotype. The SenNet Biomarkers Working Group was formed to provide recommendations for the use of cellular senescence markers to identify and characterize senescent cells in tissues. Here, we provide recommendations for detecting senescent cells in different tissues based on a comprehensive analysis of existing literature reporting senescence markers in 14 tissues in mice and humans. We discuss some of the recent advances in detecting and characterizing cellular senescence, including molecular senescence signatures and morphological features, and the use of circulating markers. We aim for this work to be a valuable resource for both seasoned investigators in senescence-related studies and newcomers to the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidyani Suryadevara
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Adam D Hudgins
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adarsh Rajesh
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Cancer Genome and Epigenetics Program, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Alla Karpova
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Amit K Dey
- National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ann Hertzel
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Anthony Agudelo
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Center on the Biology of Aging, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Azucena Rocha
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Center on the Biology of Aging, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Bikem Soygur
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
| | | | - Chase M Carver
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Cristina Aguayo-Mazzucato
- Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Darren J Baker
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - David A Bernlohr
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Diana Jurk
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Dilyana B Mangarova
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ellen M Quardokus
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth L Schmidt
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Francesca E Duncan
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Gagandeep Kaur
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - George A Kuchel
- UConn Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Gung Lee
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Heike E Daldrup-Link
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Helene Martini
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Hemali Phatnani
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Iman M Al-Naggar
- UConn Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Irfan Rahman
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Jia Nie
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - João F Passos
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jonathan C Silverstein
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Judith Campisi
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
| | - Julia Wang
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kanako Iwasaki
- Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Karina Barbosa
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Cancer Genome and Epigenetics Program, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kay Metis
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kerem Nernekli
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Laura J Niedernhofer
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lichao Wang
- UConn Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Lisa C Adams
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Liu Ruiyang
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Madison L Doolittle
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Marcos G Teneche
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Cancer Genome and Epigenetics Program, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Marissa J Schafer
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ming Xu
- UConn Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Mohammadjavad Hajipour
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Nicholas Sloan
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nikolai Slavov
- Center on the Biology of Aging, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
- Barnett Institute for Chemical and Biological Analysis, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Olena Kuksenko
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul Robson
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
- Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Paul T Gomez
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Periklis Vasilikos
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peter D Adams
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Cancer Genome and Epigenetics Program, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Priscila Carapeto
- Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Quan Zhu
- Center for Epigenomics, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Rong Fan
- Yale-Center for Research on Aging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Runze Dong
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Graduate Program in Biological Physics, Structure and Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ruth R Montgomery
- Yale-Center for Research on Aging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sadiya Shaikh
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Sanja Vickovic
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
- Herbert Irving Institute for Cancer Dynamics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Beijer Laboratory for Gene and Neuro Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Shanshan Yin
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Cancer Genome and Epigenetics Program, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shoukai Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sonja Suvakov
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sundeep Khosla
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Vesna D Garovic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Vilas Menon
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yanxin Xu
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yizhe Song
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yousin Suh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhixun Dou
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicola Neretti
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
- Center on the Biology of Aging, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
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Pretto L, Nabinger E, Filippi-Chiela EC, Fraga LR. Cellular senescence in reproduction: a two-edged sword†. Biol Reprod 2024; 110:660-671. [PMID: 38480995 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioae025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence (CS) is the state when cells are no longer capable to divide even after stimulation with grown factors. Cells that begin to undergo CS stop in the cell cycle and enter a suspended state without committing to programmed cell death. These cells assume a specific phenotype and influence their microenvironment by secreting molecules and extracellular vesicles that are part of the so-called senescent cell-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Cellular senescence is intertwined with physiological and pathological conditions in the human organism. In terms of reproduction, senescent cells are present from reproductive tissues and germ cells to gestational tissues, and participate from fertilization to delivery, going through adverse reproductive outcomes such as pregnancy losses. Furthermore, various SASP molecules are enriched in gestational tissues throughout pregnancy. Thus, the aim of this review is to provide a basis about the features and potential roles played by CS throughout the reproductive process, encompassing its implication in each step of it and proposing a way to manage it in adverse reproductive contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Pretto
- Post-Graduate Program in Medicine: Medical Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Laboratory of Genomic Medicine, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Nabinger
- Laboratory of Genomic Medicine, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Cremonesi Filippi-Chiela
- Department of Morphological Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lucas Rosa Fraga
- Post-Graduate Program in Medicine: Medical Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Laboratory of Genomic Medicine, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Morphological Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Teratology Information System (SIAT), Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
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4
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Lis N, Lamnisos D, Bograkou-Tzanetakou A, Hadjimbei E, Tzanetakou IP. Preterm Birth and Its Association with Maternal Diet, and Placental and Neonatal Telomere Length. Nutrients 2023; 15:4975. [PMID: 38068836 PMCID: PMC10708229 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Preterm birth (PTB), a multi-causal syndrome, is one of the global epidemics. Maternal nutrition, but also neonatal and placental telomere length (TL), are among the factors affecting PTB risk. However, the exact relationship between these factors and the PTB outcome, remains obscure. The aim of this review was to investigate the association between PTB, maternal nutrition, and placental-infant TL. Observational studies were sought with the keywords: maternal nutrition, placental TL, newborn, TL, and PTB. No studies were found that included all of the keywords simultaneously, and thus, the keywords were searched in dyads, to reach assumptive conclusions. The findings show that maternal nutrition affects PTB risk, through its influence on maternal TL. On the other hand, maternal TL independently affects PTB risk, and at the same time PTB is a major determinant of offspring TL regulation. The strength of the associations, and the extent of the influence from covariates, remains to be elucidated in future research. Furthermore, the question of whether maternal TL is simply a biomarker of maternal nutritional status and PTB risk, or a causative factor of PTB, to date, remains to be answered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikoletta Lis
- Department of Health Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus; (N.L.); (D.L.)
- Maternity Clinic, Cork University Maternity Hospital, T12 YE02 Cork, Ireland
| | - Demetris Lamnisos
- Department of Health Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus; (N.L.); (D.L.)
| | | | - Elena Hadjimbei
- Department of Life Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus;
| | - Irene P. Tzanetakou
- Department of Life Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus;
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5
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García-Montero C, Fraile-Martinez O, De Leon-Oliva D, Boaru DL, Garcia-Puente LM, De León-Luis JA, Bravo C, Diaz-Pedrero R, Lopez-Gonzalez L, Álvarez-Mon M, García-Honduvilla N, Saez MA, Ortega MA. Exploring the Role of Mediterranean and Westernized Diets and Their Main Nutrients in the Modulation of Oxidative Stress in the Placenta: A Narrative Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1918. [PMID: 38001771 PMCID: PMC10669105 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a major cellular event that occurs in the placenta, fulfilling critical physiological roles in non-pathological pregnancies. However, exacerbated oxidative stress is a pivotal feature of different obstetric complications, like pre-eclampsia, fetal growth restriction, and other diseases. Compelling evidence supports the relevant role of diet during pregnancy, with pleiotropic consequences for maternal well-being. The present review aims to examine the complex background between oxidative stress and placental development and function in physiological conditions, also intending to understand the relationship between different dietary patterns and the human placenta, particularly how this could influence oxidative stress processes. The effects of Westernized diets (WDs) and high-fat diets (HFDs) rich in ultra-processed foods and different additives are compared with healthy patterns such as a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) abundant in omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, polyphenols, dietary fiber, and vitamins. Although multiple studies have focused on the role of specific nutrients, mostly in animal models and in vitro, further observational and intervention studies focusing on the placental structure and function in women with different dietary patterns should be conducted to understand the precise influence of diet on this organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cielo García-Montero
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (D.D.L.-O.); (D.L.B.); (L.M.G.-P.); (M.Á.-M.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.S.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.-P.); (L.L.-G.)
| | - Oscar Fraile-Martinez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (D.D.L.-O.); (D.L.B.); (L.M.G.-P.); (M.Á.-M.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.S.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.-P.); (L.L.-G.)
| | - Diego De Leon-Oliva
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (D.D.L.-O.); (D.L.B.); (L.M.G.-P.); (M.Á.-M.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.S.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.-P.); (L.L.-G.)
| | - Diego Liviu Boaru
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (D.D.L.-O.); (D.L.B.); (L.M.G.-P.); (M.Á.-M.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.S.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.-P.); (L.L.-G.)
| | - Luis M. Garcia-Puente
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (D.D.L.-O.); (D.L.B.); (L.M.G.-P.); (M.Á.-M.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.S.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.-P.); (L.L.-G.)
| | - Juan A. De León-Luis
- Department of Public and Maternal and Child Health, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.A.D.L.-L.); (C.B.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, Spain
| | - Coral Bravo
- Department of Public and Maternal and Child Health, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.A.D.L.-L.); (C.B.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raul Diaz-Pedrero
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.-P.); (L.L.-G.)
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Laura Lopez-Gonzalez
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.-P.); (L.L.-G.)
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Melchor Álvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (D.D.L.-O.); (D.L.B.); (L.M.G.-P.); (M.Á.-M.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.S.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.-P.); (L.L.-G.)
- Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology and Internal Medicine Service, University Hospital Prince of Asturias, Networking Research Center on for Liver and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), 28806 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Natalio García-Honduvilla
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (D.D.L.-O.); (D.L.B.); (L.M.G.-P.); (M.Á.-M.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.S.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.-P.); (L.L.-G.)
| | - Miguel A. Saez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (D.D.L.-O.); (D.L.B.); (L.M.G.-P.); (M.Á.-M.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.S.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.-P.); (L.L.-G.)
- Pathological Anatomy Service, University Hospital Gómez-Ulla, 28806 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (D.D.L.-O.); (D.L.B.); (L.M.G.-P.); (M.Á.-M.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.S.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.-P.); (L.L.-G.)
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6
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Joó JG, Sulyok E, Bódis J, Kornya L. Disrupted Balance of the Oxidant-Antioxidant System in the Pathophysiology of Female Reproduction: Oxidative Stress and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:8091-8111. [PMID: 37886954 PMCID: PMC10605220 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45100511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The significance of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of male reproductive processes has been closely studied in the last two decades. Recently, it has become clear that oxidative stress can lead to numerous pathological conditions during female reproductive processes as well, contributing to the development of endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome and various forms of infertility. During pregnancy, physiological generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) occurs in association with several developmental processes including oocyte maturation and implantation. An overproduction of ROS can lead to disturbances in fetal development and increases the risk for missed abortion, intrauterine growth restriction, pre-eclampsia, premature delivery and gestational diabetes. Our review focuses on the etiological role of the disrupted oxidant-antioxidant system during human gestation as it relates to adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- József Gábor Joó
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Endre Sulyok
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, 7621 Pécs, Hungary
| | - József Bódis
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, 7621 Pécs, Hungary
| | - László Kornya
- Central Hospital of South Pest National Institute of Hematology and Infectious Diseases, 1476 Budapest, Hungary
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7
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Ciampa EJ, Flahardy P, Srinivasan H, Jacobs C, Tsai L, Karumanchi SA, Parikh SM. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 signaling drives placental aging and can provoke preterm labor. eLife 2023; 12:RP85597. [PMID: 37610425 PMCID: PMC10446824 DOI: 10.7554/elife.85597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Most cases of preterm labor have unknown cause, and the burden of preterm birth is immense. Placental aging has been proposed to promote labor onset, but specific mechanisms remain elusive. We report findings stemming from unbiased transcriptomic analysis of mouse placenta, which revealed that hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) stabilization is a hallmark of advanced gestational timepoints, accompanied by mitochondrial dysregulation and cellular senescence; we detected similar effects in aging human placenta. In parallel in primary mouse trophoblasts and human choriocarcinoma cells, we modeled HIF-1 induction and demonstrated resultant mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular senescence. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that HIF-1 stabilization recapitulated gene signatures observed in aged placenta. Further, conditioned media from trophoblasts following HIF-1 induction promoted contractility in immortalized uterine myocytes, suggesting a mechanism by which the aging placenta may drive the transition from uterine quiescence to contractility at the onset of labor. Finally, pharmacological induction of HIF-1 via intraperitoneal administration of dimethyloxalyl glycine (DMOG) to pregnant mice caused preterm labor. These results provide clear evidence for placental aging in normal pregnancy, and demonstrate how HIF-1 signaling in late gestation may be a causal determinant of the mitochondrial dysfunction and senescence observed within the trophoblast as well as a trigger for uterine contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin J Ciampa
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Padraich Flahardy
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Harini Srinivasan
- Division of Endocrinology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Christopher Jacobs
- Division of Endocrinology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Linus Tsai
- Division of Endocrinology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | | | - Samir M Parikh
- Division of Nephrology, Departments of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical SchoolDallasUnited States
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8
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Sulyok E, Farkas B, Bodis J. Pathomechanisms of Prenatally Programmed Adult Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1354. [PMID: 37507894 PMCID: PMC10376205 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on epidemiological observations Barker et al. put forward the hypothesis/concept that an adverse intrauterine environment (involving an insufficient nutrient supply, chronic hypoxia, stress, and toxic substances) is an important risk factor for the development of chronic diseases later in life. The fetus responds to the unfavorable environment with adaptive reactions, which ensure survival in the short run, but at the expense of initiating pathological processes leading to adult diseases. In this review, the major mechanisms (including telomere dysfunction, epigenetic modifications, and cardiovascular-renal-endocrine-metabolic reactions) will be outlined, with a particular emphasis on the role of oxidative stress in the fetal origin of adult diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endre Sulyok
- National Laboratory on Human Reproduction, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- MTA-PTE Human Reproduction Scientific Research Group, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Balint Farkas
- National Laboratory on Human Reproduction, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- MTA-PTE Human Reproduction Scientific Research Group, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Jozsef Bodis
- National Laboratory on Human Reproduction, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- MTA-PTE Human Reproduction Scientific Research Group, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
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9
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Kajdy A, Sys D, Modzelewski J, Bogusławska J, Cymbaluk-Płoska A, Kwiatkowska E, Bednarek-Jędrzejek M, Borowski D, Stefańska K, Rabijewski M, Baran A, Torbe A, Feduniw S, Kwiatkowski S. Evidence of Placental Aging in Late SGA, Fetal Growth Restriction and Stillbirth-A Systematic Review. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1785. [PMID: 37509425 PMCID: PMC10376283 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
During pregnancy, the placenta undergoes a natural aging process, which is considered normal. However, it has been hypothesized that an abnormally accelerated and premature aging of the placenta may contribute to placenta-related health issues. Placental senescence has been linked to several obstetric complications, including abnormal fetal growth, preeclampsia, preterm birth, and stillbirth, with stillbirth being the most challenging. A systematic search was conducted on Pubmed, Embase, and Scopus databases. Twenty-two full-text articles were identified for the final synthesis. Of these, 15 presented original research and 7 presented narrative reviews. There is a paucity of evidence in the literature on the role of placental aging in late small for gestational age (SGA), fetal growth restriction (FGR), and stillbirth. For future research, guidelines for both planning and reporting research must be implemented. The inclusion criteria should include clear differentiation between early and late SGA and FGR. As for stillbirths, only those with no other known cause of stillbirth should be included in the studies. This means excluding stillbirths due to congenital defects, infections, placental abruption, and maternal conditions affecting feto-maternal hemodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kajdy
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-004 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Sys
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-828 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jan Modzelewski
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-004 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Bogusławska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aneta Cymbaluk-Płoska
- Department of Gynecological Surgery and Gynecological Oncology of Adults and Adolescents, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Ewa Kwiatkowska
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Dariusz Borowski
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Provincial Combined Hospital in Kielce, 25-736 Kielce, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Stefańska
- Department of Obstetrics, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Michał Rabijewski
- Department of Reproductive Health, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Żelazna 90 St., 01-004 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Baran
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-004 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Torbe
- Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Stepan Feduniw
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Kwiatkowski
- Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
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10
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Abu-Awwad SA, Craina M, Gluhovschi A, Ciordas PD, Marian C, Boscu L, Bernad E, Iurciuc M, Abu-Awwad A, Iurciuc S, Maghiari AL. Linking Pregnancy and Long-Term Health: The Impact of Cardiovascular Risk on Telomere Shortening in Pregnant Women. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1012. [PMID: 37374216 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59061012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Telomeres are repetitive DNA sequences located at the end of chromosomes that play a crucial role in maintaining chromosomal stability. Shortening of telomeres has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the length of telomeres in pregnant women with cardiovascular risk is shorter compared to those without cardiovascular risk. Materials and Methods: A total of 68 participants were enrolled, including 30 pregnant women with cardiovascular risk and 38 without cardiovascular risk, who were followed-up during their pregnancy between 2020 and 2022 at the Obstetrical and Gynecology Department of the "Pius Brînzeu" Emergency County Clinical Hospital in Timişoara, Romania. All included women underwent delivery via cesarean section at the same medical institution. The telomere length was measured in each participant using quantitative Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: The results showed that the telomere length was negatively correlated with cardiovascular risk in pregnant women, with significantly shorter telomeres observed in the cardiovascular risk group (mean telomere length = 0.3537) compared to the group without cardiovascular risk (mean telomere length = 0.5728) (p = 0.0458). Conclusions: These findings suggest that cardiovascular risk during pregnancy may be associated with accelerated telomere shortening, which could have implications for the long-term health of both the mother and the child. Further research is needed to investigate the potential mechanisms underlying this association and to identify interventions that may mitigate the negative effects of cardiovascular risk on the telomere length during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona-Alina Abu-Awwad
- Doctoral School, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- "Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology", "Pius Brinzeu" County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Marius Craina
- "Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology", "Pius Brinzeu" County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Laparoscopy, Laparoscopic Surgery and In Vitro Fertilization, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Adrian Gluhovschi
- "Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology", "Pius Brinzeu" County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Paula Diana Ciordas
- Departament IV-Discipline of Biochemistry, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Catalin Marian
- Departament IV-Discipline of Biochemistry, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Lioara Boscu
- Department of Cardiology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Elena Bernad
- "Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology", "Pius Brinzeu" County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Laparoscopy, Laparoscopic Surgery and In Vitro Fertilization, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mircea Iurciuc
- Department of Cardiology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Departament VI-Discipline of Outpatient Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Prevention and Recovery, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ahmed Abu-Awwad
- "Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology", "Pius Brinzeu" County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
- Department XV-Discipline of Orthopedics-Traumatology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Center University Professor Doctor Teodor Șora, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Stela Iurciuc
- Department of Cardiology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Departament VI-Discipline of Outpatient Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Prevention and Recovery, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Anca Laura Maghiari
- "Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology", "Pius Brinzeu" County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
- Departament I-Discipline of Anatomy and Embryology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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11
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Baser E, Inandiklioglu N, Aydogan Kırmızı D, Ercan F, Caniklioğlu A, Kara M, Onat T, Yalvac ES. Placental and Umbilical Cord Blood Oxidative Stress Level and Telomere Homeostasis in Early Onset Severe Preeclampsia. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2023; 227:112-119. [PMID: 36216345 DOI: 10.1055/a-1938-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although the etiopathogenesis of preeclampsia (PE) is unknown, evidence suggests that it may be associated with increased oxidative stress. Studies have shown that oxidative stress can affect DNA fragments called telomeres. However, the interactions of PE, oxidative stress, and telomere length are not clearly known. This study aims to evaluate the oxidative/anti-oxidative stress balance in the placenta and umbilical cord and examine the effect of oxidative stress on telomeres. MATERIALS-METHOD Cord blood and placental samples were collected from 27 pregnant women with severe PE (280/7-336/7 gestational weeks) and 53 healthy pregnant women. Telomere length (TL) was measured by real-time PCR in the cord blood and placenta tissue. Total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) levels were measured in the cord blood and placenta tissue using a colorimetric method. RESULTS No significant differences were found between groups regarding age, BMI, gravida, parity, and newborn gender (p>0.05). Cord blood and placental TL of PE patients were significantly shorter than the control group, while cord blood and placental TAS and TOS levels were higher (p<0.05). The results of a multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the level of placental TOS in PE patients (OR=1.212, 95% CI=1.068-1.375) was an independent risk factor affecting PE. CONCLUSION This study found that oxidative stress is an independent risk factor in the development of PE and shortens TL in both placental and umbilical cord blood. Future research on telomere homeostasis may offer a new perspective for the treatment of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Baser
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | | | - Demet Aydogan Kırmızı
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yozgat Bozok Universty, Medicine of Faculty, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Fedi Ercan
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Necmettin Erbakan Universitesi Meram Tip Fakultesi, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ayşen Caniklioğlu
- Department of Biochemistry, Yozgat Bozok University, Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Kara
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ahi Evran University Faculty of Medicine, Kirsehir, Turkey
| | - Taylan Onat
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yozgat Bozok University, Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Ethem Serdar Yalvac
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yozgat Bozok University, Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat, Turkey
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12
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Farfán-Labonne B, Leff-Gelman P, Pellón-Díaz G, Camacho-Arroyo I. Cellular senescence in normal and adverse pregnancy. Reprod Biol 2023; 23:100734. [PMID: 36773450 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2023.100734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence (CS) is defined as a state of terminal proliferation arrest accompanied by morphological alterations, pro-inflammatory phenotype, and metabolic changes. In recent years, the implications of senescence in numerous physiological and pathological conditions such as development, tissue repair, aging, or cancer have been evident. Some inductors of senescence are tissue repair pathways, telomere shortening, DNA damage, degenerative disorders, and wound healing. Lately, it has been demonstrated that CS plays a decisive role in the development and progression of healthy pregnancy and labor. Premature maternal-fetal tissues senescence (placenta, choriamniotic membranes, and endothelium) is implicated in many adverse pregnancy outcomes, including fetal growth restriction, preeclampsia, preterm birth, and intrauterine fetal death. Here we discuss cellular senescence and its association with normal pregnancy development and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Current evidence allows us to establish the relevance of CS in processes associated with the appropriate development of placentation, the progression of pregnancy, and the onset of labor; likewise, it allows us to understand the undeniable participation of CS deregulation in pathological processes associated with pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Farfán-Labonne
- Departamento de Fisiología y Desarrollo Celular, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes", México.
| | - Philippe Leff-Gelman
- Coordinación de Salud Mental, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes", México
| | - Gabriela Pellón-Díaz
- Coordinación de Salud Mental, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes", México
| | - Ignacio Camacho-Arroyo
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México.
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13
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Manna S, Mc Elwain CJ, Maher GM, Giralt Martín M, Musumeci A, McCarthy FP, McCarthy C. Heterogenous Differences in Cellular Senescent Phenotypes in Pre-Eclampsia and IUGR following Quantitative Assessment of Multiple Biomarkers of Senescence. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043101. [PMID: 36834513 PMCID: PMC9963163 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Premature ageing of the placenta in pregnancy outcomes is associated with the persistent presence of oxidative stress and placental insufficiency reducing its functional capacity. In this study, we investigated cellular senescence phenotypes of pre-eclampsia and IUGR pregnancies by simultaneously measuring several biomarkers of senescence. Maternal plasma and placental samples were collected at term gestation from nulliparous women undergoing pre-labour elective caesarean section with pre-eclampsia without intrauterine growth restriction (PE; n = 5), pre-eclampsia associated with intrauterine growth restriction (n = 8), intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR < 10th centile; n = 6), and age-matched controls (n = 20). Placental absolute telomere length and senescence gene analysis was performed by RTqPCR. The expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (p21 and p16) was determined by Western blot. Senescence-associated secretory phenotypes (SASPs) were evaluated in maternal plasma by multiplex ELISA assay. Placental expression of senescence-associated genes showed significant increases in CHEK1, PCNA, PTEN, CDKN2A, and CCNB-1 (p < 0.05) in pre-eclampsia, while TBX-2, PCNA, ATM, and CCNB-1 expression were evident (p < 0.05) and were significantly decreased in IUGR compared with controls. Placental p16 protein expression was significantly decreased in pre-eclampsia only compared with controls (p = 0.028). IL-6 was significantly increased in pre-eclampsia (0.54 pg/mL ± 0.271 vs. 0.3 pg/mL ± 0.102; p = 0.017) while IFN-γ was significantly increased in IUGR (4.6 pg/mL ± 2.2 vs. 2.17 pg/mL ± 0.8; p = 0.002) compared with controls. These results provide evidence of premature senescence in IUGR pregnancies, and while cell cycle checkpoint regulators are activated in pre-eclampsia, the cellular phenotype is one of cell repair and subsequent proliferation rather than progression to senescence. The heterogeneity of these cellular phenotypes highlights the complexity of characterising cellular senescence and may equally be indicative of the differing pathophysiological insults unique to each obstetric complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samprikta Manna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Cork University Maternity Hospital, University College Cork, T12 YE02 Cork, Ireland
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland
| | - Colm J. Mc Elwain
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, T12 XF62 Cork, Ireland
| | - Gillian M. Maher
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland
- School of Public Health, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, T12 XF62 Cork, Ireland
| | - Marta Giralt Martín
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, T12 XF62 Cork, Ireland
| | - Andrea Musumeci
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, T12 XF62 Cork, Ireland
| | - Fergus P. McCarthy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Cork University Maternity Hospital, University College Cork, T12 YE02 Cork, Ireland
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland
- Correspondence:
| | - Cathal McCarthy
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, T12 XF62 Cork, Ireland
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14
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Maternal Smoking in the First Trimester and its Consequence on the Early Placenta. J Transl Med 2023; 103:100059. [PMID: 36801640 DOI: 10.1016/j.labinv.2022.100059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as stillbirth and fetal growth restriction. This suggests impaired placental function and restricted nutrient and oxygen supply. Studies investigating placental tissue at the end of pregnancy have revealed increased DNA damage as a potential underlying cause, which is driven by various toxic smoke ingredients and oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, in the first trimester, the placenta develops and differentiates, and many pregnancy pathologies associated with reduced placental function originate here. Therefore, we determined DNA damage in a cohort of first-trimester placental samples of verified smokers and nonsmokers. In fact, we observed an 80% increase in DNA breaks (P < .001) and shortened telomeres by 5.8% (P = .04) in placentas exposed to maternal smoking. Surprisingly, there was a decrease in ROS-mediated DNA damage, ie, 8-oxo-guanidine modifications, in placentas of the smoking group (-41%; P = .021), which paralleled the reduced expression of base excision DNA repair machinery, which restores oxidative DNA damage. Moreover, we observed that the increase in placental oxidant defense machinery expression, which usually occurs at the end of the first trimester in a healthy pregnancy as a result of the full onset of uteroplacental blood flow, was absent in the smoking group. Therefore, in early pregnancy, maternal smoking causes placental DNA damage, contributing to placental malfunction and increased risk of stillbirth and fetal growth restriction in pregnant women. Additionally, reduced ROS-mediated DNA damage along with no increase in antioxidant enzymes suggests a delay in the establishment of physiological uteroplacental blood flow at the end of the first trimester, which may further add to a disturbed placental development and function as a result of smoking in pregnancy.
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Tarik M, Ramakrishnan L, Sinha S, Sachdev HPS, Tandon N, Roy A, Bhargava SK. The Relationship of Birth Size and Postnatal Growth with Cellular Senescence in Adults: Data from the New Delhi Birth Cohort. Indian J Pediatr 2023; 90:49-55. [PMID: 35704216 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-022-04174-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of birth size and postnatal body mass index (BMI) gain from birth to adulthood on leucocytes cellular senescence in adult life. METHODS Participants were aged 43.04 (± 0.92) y, and were enrolled from the New Delhi Birth Cohort study, who participated in phase 7 of the study (n = 210). Cellular senescence markers, p16 and p21 gene expression were determined by RT-qPCR in leucocytes and their association with birth size and conditional BMI gain at 2, 11, and 29 y were assessed in univariate and multivariate regression models. RESULTS Birth weight (regression coefficient; B = -0.087, p = 0.011) and birth BMI (unadjusted B = -0.024, p = 0.026; adjusted B = -0.032, p = 0.022) were inversely associated with p21 gene expression in adult life. The p16 gene expression was not associated with any birth parameters. Conditional BMI gain at 2 y, 11 y, and 29 y was not associated with either p16 or p21 gene expression. The p21 gene expression was inversely associated with circulating insulin (B = -0.065, p = 0.026) and C-peptide levels (unadjusted B = -0.097, p = 0.014; adjusted B = -0.133, p = 0.003). CONCLUSION Small size at birth is associated with accelerated cellular senescence in adult life. An altered senescent state is likely to be one of the links between LBW and adult chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Tarik
- Department of Cardiac Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Lakshmy Ramakrishnan
- Department of Cardiac Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
| | - Sikha Sinha
- Department of Pediatrics and Clinical Epidemiology, Sitaram Bhartia Institute of Science and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - H P S Sachdev
- Department of Pediatrics and Clinical Epidemiology, Sitaram Bhartia Institute of Science and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Nikhil Tandon
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ambuj Roy
- Department of Cardiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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16
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Characteristics of salivary telomere length shortening in preterm infants. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280184. [PMID: 36649354 PMCID: PMC9844854 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association between gestational age, telomere length (TL) and rate of shortening in newborns. STUDY DESIGN Genomic DNA was isolated from buccal samples of 39 term infants at birth and one year and 32 preterm infants at birth, term-adjusted age (40 weeks post-conception) and age one-year corrected for gestational duration. Telomere length was measured by quantitative real-time PCR. Demographic and clinical data were collected during clinic or research visits and from hospital records. Socioeconomic status was estimated using the deprivation category (DEPCAT) scores derived from the Carstairs score of the subject's postal code. RESULTS At birth, preterm infants had longer telomeres than infants born at term. However, there was no difference in telomere length between preterm infants and term infants at one year of age, implying that the rate of telomere shortening was greater in pre-term than term infants. Interestingly, TL at age 40 weeks post-conception in preterm infants was significantly longer than term infant TL at birth, suggesting that time since conception is not the only factor that affects rate of shortening. Several factors, including sex, fetal growth restriction, maternal age, maternal booking body mass index (BMI), mother education level and DEPCAT score, also differed between the preterm and term groups. CONCLUSIONS Preterm infants have longer telomeres than term infants at birth. In the studied cohort, the rate of telomere shortening was greater in the premature group compared with the term infants. This finding agrees with previous studies using cord blood, suggesting that the longer TL in premature infants detected at birth do not persist and demonstrating that use of saliva DNA is acceptable for studies of telomere dynamics in infants. However, that the TL at age 40 weeks post-conception in preterm is longer than term infants at birth suggests that biological factors other than time since conception also affect rate of shortening.
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17
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Zhou H, Zhao C, Wang P, Yang W, Zhu H, Zhang S. Regulators involved in trophoblast syncytialization in the placenta of intrauterine growth restriction. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1107182. [PMID: 36798658 PMCID: PMC9927020 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1107182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Placental dysfunction refers to the insufficiency of placental perfusion and chronic hypoxia during early pregnancy, which impairs placental function and causes inadequate supply of oxygen and nutrients to the fetus, affecting fetal development and health. Fetal intrauterine growth restriction, one of the most common outcomes of pregnancy-induced hypertensions, can be caused by placental dysfunction, resulting from deficient trophoblast syncytialization, inadequate trophoblast invasion and impaired vascular remodeling. During placental development, cytotrophoblasts fuse to form a multinucleated syncytia barrier, which supplies oxygen and nutrients to meet the metabolic demands for fetal growth. A reduction in the cell fusion index and the number of nuclei in the syncytiotrophoblast are found in the placentas of pregnancies complicated by IUGR, suggesting that the occurrence of IUGR may be related to inadequate trophoblast syncytialization. During the multiple processes of trophoblasts syncytialization, specific proteins and several signaling pathways are involved in coordinating these events and regulating placental function. In addition, epigenetic modifications, cell metabolism, senescence, and autophagy are also involved. Study findings have indicated several abnormally expressed syncytialization-related proteins and signaling pathways in the placentas of pregnancies complicated by IUGR, suggesting that these elements may play a crucial role in the occurrence of IUGR. In this review, we discuss the regulators of trophoblast syncytialization and their abnormal expression in the placentas of pregnancies complicated by IUGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanjing Zhou
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenqiong Zhao
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peixin Wang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weijie Yang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Zhu
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Songying Zhang, ; Haiyan Zhu,
| | - Songying Zhang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Songying Zhang, ; Haiyan Zhu,
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18
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Zhu N, Geng X, Ji X, Gao R, Li D, Yue H, Li G, Sang N. Gestational exposure to NO 2 aggravates placental senescence. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113263. [PMID: 35430275 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Placental senescence is a normal physiological process of placenta, while premature placental senescence has been confirmed to be associated with some adverse pregnancy complications. Epidemiological studies indicate that NO2 exposure can aggravate placental senescence which is represented by fibrosis and abnormal telomere homeostasis, etc. In this study, pregnant C57BL/6 mice were exposed to NO2 (2.5 ppm, 5 h/day) daily in a dynamic exposure chamber throughout the gestation period, and were sacrificed at embryonic day 13.5 (E13.5), E15.5 and E18.5. Placenta were harvested and conducted for histopathological examination and telomere evaluation. Our results showed that gestational NO2 exposure significantly aggravated placental fibrosis and calcification, and up-regulated the related bio-markers (connective tissue growth factor (Ctgf) and transforming growth factor-β1 (Tgf-β1)) at E18.5. In addition, gestational exposure to NO2 also activated senescence related pathway (p53/p21) at E18.5. Furthermore, gestational NO2 exposure significantly shortened telomere length at E18.5, and the expression of telomere homeostasis regulation genes telomeric repeat binding factor 1 (Trf1), protection of telomeres 1a (Pot1a) and Pot1b were significantly increased while telomerase reverse transcriptase (Tert) was suppressed after NO2 exposure at E13.5 or E18.5, respectively. Importantly, DNA methylation status of the 22nd at E13.5 and 32nd at E18.5 site in sub-telomeric region of chromosome 1 was significantly altered. Based on the above results, our present study indicated that gestational NO2 exposure could lead to premature placental senescence during the late trimester of pregnancy via aggravation of fibrosis and telomere length shortening regulated by telomere regulatory enzyme and DNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhu
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, PR China
| | - Xilin Geng
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, PR China
| | - Xiaotong Ji
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, PR China
| | - Rui Gao
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, PR China
| | - Dan Li
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, PR China
| | - Huifeng Yue
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, PR China.
| | - Guangke Li
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, PR China
| | - Nan Sang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, PR China.
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19
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Bartho LA, McKeating DR, Hannan NJ, Kaitu'u-Lino TJ, Perkins AV. Transcriptional profiles of genes related to mitochondrial aging in placental pathologies. Mol Hum Reprod 2022; 29:6648354. [PMID: 35866625 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaac026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
As the placenta develops across gestation, the mitochondria and other organelles like the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) must continue to adapt to stressors such as oxidative stress. As pregnancy approaches term, these stressors may contribute to placental aging, including mitochondrial changes leading to cellular senescence. When these processes are exacerbated, pregnancy pathologies arise. This study aimed to identify correlations between genes related to mitochondria, ER and cellular senescence in placentae complicated by pregnancy complications. Placental samples from pregnancies classified as preterm, term, post-term, preterm with fetal growth restriction (FGR), preterm with preeclampsia (PE) and preterm with PE and FGR were used to measure gene expression of TOMM20, MFN1, TFAM, MFN2, PARK2, PINK1, EIF2AK3, TP53 and ERN1. MetaboAnalyst 5.0 was used to generate heatmaps, principal component analysis (PCA) plots, correlation graphs and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. This study found that genes related mitochondrial dynamics and aging undergo changes in placentae affected by pregnancy pathologies. The TOMM20/PARK2 ratio may be a promising marker to discriminate between healthy and unhealthy placental tissue. Future studies should explore circulating biomarkers of mitochondrial aging and dysfunction as indicators of placental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy A Bartho
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, QLD, 4220, Australia
| | - Daniel R McKeating
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, QLD, 4220, Australia
| | - Natalie J Hannan
- The Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mercy Hospital for Women, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, VIC, 3084, Australia
| | - Tu'uhevaha J Kaitu'u-Lino
- The Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mercy Hospital for Women, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, VIC, 3084, Australia
| | - Anthony V Perkins
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, QLD, 4220, Australia
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20
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Edelson PK, Sawyer MR, Gray KJ, Cantonwine DE, McElrath TF, Phillippe M. Increase in short telomeres during the third trimester in human placenta. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271415. [PMID: 35830448 PMCID: PMC9278733 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
An increase in telomere shortening in gestational tissues has been proposed as a mechanism involved in the timing for the initiation of parturition. An increase in very short telomeres with increasing gestational age has been observed in mice; this study sought to explore this phenomenon in human pregnancies. Specifically, this study addressed the hypothesis that prior to labor, the quantity of very short telomeres (<3 kilobase (kb) lengths) increases in human placental tissue as term gestation approaches. The primary outcome was the quantity of very short telomeres present in placental tissue. Quantitative measurements of very short telomeres were performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) adaptation of the telomere restriction fragment technique. Placental tissue from 69 pregnant individuals were included. Mean gestational age was 39.1 weeks (term) and 36.2 weeks (preterm). For term versus preterm placentas, the observed increase in very short telomeres were as follows: 500 bp telomeres increased by 1.67-fold (p < 0.03); 1 kb telomeres increased 1.67-fold (p < 0.08); and 3 kb telomeres increased 5.20-fold (p < 0.001). This study confirms a significant increase in very short telomeres in human placental tissue at term; thereby supporting the hypothesis that telomere shortening at term contributes to the mechanism that determine the length of pregnancy thereby leading to onset of parturition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula K. Edelson
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Michala R. Sawyer
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kathryn J. Gray
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - David E. Cantonwine
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Thomas F. McElrath
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Mark Phillippe
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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21
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Goumy C, Veronese L, Stamm R, Domas Q, Hadjab K, Gallot D, Laurichesse H, Delabaere A, Gouas L, Salaun G, Richard C, Vago P, Tchirkov A. Reduced telomere length in amniocytes: an early biomarker of abnormal fetal development? Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:2669-2677. [PMID: 35244708 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomeres protect chromosome ends and control cell division and senescence. During organogenesis, telomeres need to be long enough to ensure the cell proliferation necessary at this stage of development. Previous studies have shown that telomere shortening is associated with growth retardation and congenital malformations. However, these studies were performed in newborns or postnatally, and data on telomere length (TL) during the prenatal period are still very limited. We measured TL using quantitative PCR in amniotic fluid (AF) and chorionic villi (CV) samples from 69 control fetuses with normal ultrasound (52 AF and 17 CV) and 213 fetuses (165 AF and 48 CV) with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) or congenital malformations diagnosed by ultrasound. The samples were collected by amniocentesis at the gestational age of 25.0 ± 5.4 weeks and by CV biopsy at 18.1 ± 6.3 weeks. In neither sample type was TL influenced by gestational age or fetal sex. In AF, a comparison of abnormal versus normal fetuses showed a significant telomere shortening in cases of IUGR (reduction of 34%, P < 10-6), single (29%, P < 10-6) and multiple (44%, P < 10-6) malformations. Similar TL shortening was also observed in CV from abnormal fetuses but to a lesser extent (25%, P = 0.0002; 18%, P = 0.016; 20%, P = 0.004, respectively). Telomere shortening was more pronounced in cases of multiple congenital anomalies than in fetuses with a single malformation, suggesting a correlation between TL and the severity of fetal phenotype. Thus, TL measurement in fetal samples during pregnancy could provide a novel predictive marker of pathological development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Goumy
- Cytogénétique Médicale, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, F-63000, France.,INSERM U1240 Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Ferrand
| | - Lauren Veronese
- Cytogénétique Médicale, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, F-63000, France.,EA7453 CHELTER « Clonal Heterogeneity, Leukemic environment, Therapy resistance of chronic leukemias », Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Ferrand
| | - Rodrigue Stamm
- Cytogénétique Médicale, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, F-63000, France
| | - Quentin Domas
- Cytogénétique Médicale, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, F-63000, France
| | - Kamil Hadjab
- Cytogénétique Médicale, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, F-63000, France
| | - Denis Gallot
- Unité de Médecine Fœtale, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, F-63000, France
| | - Hélène Laurichesse
- Unité de Médecine Fœtale, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, F-63000, France
| | - Amélie Delabaere
- Unité de Médecine Fœtale, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, F-63000, France
| | - Laetitia Gouas
- Cytogénétique Médicale, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, F-63000, France.,INSERM U1240 Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Ferrand
| | - Gaelle Salaun
- Cytogénétique Médicale, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, F-63000, France.,INSERM U1240 Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Ferrand
| | - Céline Richard
- Cytogénétique Médicale, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, F-63000, France
| | - Philippe Vago
- Cytogénétique Médicale, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, F-63000, France.,INSERM U1240 Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Ferrand
| | - Andrei Tchirkov
- Cytogénétique Médicale, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, F-63000, France.,EA7453 CHELTER « Clonal Heterogeneity, Leukemic environment, Therapy resistance of chronic leukemias », Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Ferrand
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22
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DeFreitas MJ, Katsoufis CP, Benny M, Young K, Kulandavelu S, Ahn H, Sfakianaki A, Abitbol CL. Educational Review: The Impact of Perinatal Oxidative Stress on the Developing Kidney. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:853722. [PMID: 35844742 PMCID: PMC9279889 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.853722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress occurs when there is an imbalance between reactive oxygen species/reactive nitrogen species and antioxidant systems. The interplay between these complex processes is crucial for normal pregnancy and fetal development; however, when oxidative stress predominates, pregnancy related complications and adverse fetal programming such as preterm birth ensues. Understanding how oxidative stress negatively impacts outcomes for the maternal-fetal dyad has allowed for the exploration of antioxidant therapies to prevent and/or mitigate disease progression. In the developing kidney, the negative impact of oxidative stress has also been noted as it relates to the development of hypertension and kidney injury mostly in animal models. Clinical research addressing the implications of oxidative stress in the developing kidney is less developed than that of the neurodevelopmental and respiratory conditions of preterm infants and other vulnerable neonatal groups. Efforts to study the oxidative stress pathway along the continuum of the perinatal period using a team science approach can help to understand the multi-organ dysfunction that the maternal-fetal dyad sustains and guide the investigation of antioxidant therapies to ameliorate the global toxicity. This educational review will provide a comprehensive and multidisciplinary perspective on the impact of oxidative stress during the perinatal period in the development of maternal and fetal/neonatal complications, and implications on developmental programming of accelerated aging and cardiovascular and renal disease for a lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa J DeFreitas
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Batchelor Children's Research Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Chryso P Katsoufis
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Batchelor Children's Research Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Merline Benny
- Department of Pediatrics, Batchelor Children's Research Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States.,Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Karen Young
- Department of Pediatrics, Batchelor Children's Research Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States.,Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Shathiyah Kulandavelu
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States.,Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Hyunyoung Ahn
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Anna Sfakianaki
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Carolyn L Abitbol
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Batchelor Children's Research Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
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23
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Effect of Endogenic and Exogenic Oxidative Stress Triggers on Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: Preeclampsia, Fetal Growth Restriction, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Preterm Birth. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221810122. [PMID: 34576285 PMCID: PMC8468091 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is caused by an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells and tissues and the ability of a biological system to detoxify them. During a normal pregnancy, oxidative stress increases the normal systemic inflammatory response and is usually well-controlled by the balanced body mechanism of the detoxification of anti-oxidative products. However, pregnancy is also a condition in which this adaptation and balance can be easily disrupted. Excessive ROS is detrimental and associated with many pregnancy complications, such as preeclampsia (PE), fetal growth restriction (FGR), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and preterm birth (PTB), by damaging placentation. The placenta is a tissue rich in mitochondria that produces the majority of ROS, so it is important to maintain normal placental function and properly develop its vascular network to ensure a safe and healthy pregnancy. Antioxidants may ameliorate these diseases, and related research is progressing. This review aimed to determine the association between oxidative stress and adverse pregnancy outcomes, especially PE, FGR, GDM, and PTB, and explore how to overcome this oxidative stress in these unfavorable conditions.
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24
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Garcia-Martin I, Penketh RJA, Garay SM, Jones RE, Grimstead JW, Baird DM, John RM. Symptoms of Prenatal Depression Associated with Shorter Telomeres in Female Placenta. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7458. [PMID: 34299077 PMCID: PMC8306199 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a common mood disorder during pregnancy impacting one in every seven women. Children exposed to prenatal depression are more likely to be born at a low birth weight and develop chronic diseases later in life. A proposed hypothesis for this relationship between early exposure to adversity and poor outcomes is accelerated aging. Telomere length has been used as a biomarker of cellular aging. We used high-resolution telomere length analysis to examine the relationship between placental telomere length distributions and maternal mood symptoms in pregnancy. METHODS This study utilised samples from the longitudinal Grown in Wales (GiW) study. Women participating in this study were recruited at their presurgical appointment prior to a term elective caesarean section (ELCS). Women completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and trait subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Telomere length distributions were generated using single telomere length analysis (STELA) in 109 term placenta (37-42 weeks). Multiple linear regression was performed to examine the relationship between maternally reported symptoms of depression and anxiety at term and mean placental telomere length. RESULTS Prenatal depression symptoms were significantly negatively associated with XpYp telomere length in female placenta (B = -0.098, p = 0.026, 95% CI -0.184, -0.012). There was no association between maternal depression symptoms and telomere length in male placenta (B = 0.022, p = 0.586, 95% CI -0.059, 0.103). There was no association with anxiety symptoms and telomere length for either sex. CONCLUSION Maternal prenatal depression is associated with sex-specific differences in term placental telomeres. Telomere shortening in female placenta may indicate accelerated placental aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Garcia-Martin
- Division of Biomedicine, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales CF10 3AX, UK; (I.G.-M.); (S.M.G.)
| | - Richard J. A. Penketh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital Wales, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XW, UK;
| | - Samantha M. Garay
- Division of Biomedicine, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales CF10 3AX, UK; (I.G.-M.); (S.M.G.)
| | - Rhiannon E. Jones
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XW, UK; (R.E.J.); (J.W.G.); (D.M.B.)
| | - Julia W. Grimstead
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XW, UK; (R.E.J.); (J.W.G.); (D.M.B.)
| | - Duncan M. Baird
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XW, UK; (R.E.J.); (J.W.G.); (D.M.B.)
| | - Rosalind M. John
- Division of Biomedicine, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales CF10 3AX, UK; (I.G.-M.); (S.M.G.)
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Krapivin MI, Tikhonov AV, Efimova OA, Pendina AA, Smirnova AA, Chiryaeva OG, Talantova OE, Petrova LI, Dudkina VS, Baranov VS. Telomere Length in Chromosomally Normal and Abnormal Miscarriages and Ongoing Pregnancies and Its Association with 5-hydroxymethylcytosine Patterns. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126622. [PMID: 34205622 PMCID: PMC8234291 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigates telomere length (TL) in dividing chorionic cytotrophoblast cells from karyotypically normal and abnormal first trimester miscarriages and ongoing pregnancies. Using Q-FISH, we measured relative TLs in the metaphase chromosomes of 61 chorionic villous samples. Relative TLs did not differ between karyotypically normal samples from miscarriages and those from ongoing pregnancies (p = 0.3739). However, among the karyotypically abnormal samples, relative TLs were significantly higher in ongoing pregnancies than in miscarriages (p < 0.0001). Relative TLs were also significantly higher in chorion samples from karyotypically abnormal ongoing pregnancies than in those from karyotypically normal ones (p = 0.0018) in contrast to miscarriages, where relative TL values were higher in the karyotypically normal samples (p = 0.002). In the karyotypically abnormal chorionic cytotrophoblast, the TL variance was significantly lower than in any other group (p < 0.05). Assessed by TL ratios between sister chromatids, interchromatid TL asymmetry demonstrated similar patterns across all of the chorion samples (p = 0.22) but significantly exceeded that in PHA-stimulated lymphocytes (p < 0.0001, p = 0.0003). The longer telomere was predominantly present in the hydroxymethylated sister chromatid in chromosomes featuring hemihydroxymethylation (containing 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in only one sister chromatid)-a typical sign of chorionic cytotrophoblast cells. Our results suggest that the phenomena of interchromatid TL asymmetry and its association to 5hmC patterns in chorionic cytotrophoblast, which are potentially linked to telomere lengthening through recombination, are inherent to the development programme. The TL differences in chorionic cytotrophoblast that are associated with karyotype and embryo viability seem to be determined by heredity rather than telomere elongation mechanisms. The inheritance of long telomeres by a karyotypically abnormal embryo promotes his development, whereas TL in karyotypically normal first-trimester embryos does not seem to have a considerable impact on developmental capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail I. Krapivin
- D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, Mendeleevskaya Line 3, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.I.K.); (A.V.T.); (A.A.P.); (O.G.C.); (O.E.T.); (L.I.P.); (V.S.D.); (V.S.B.)
| | - Andrei V. Tikhonov
- D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, Mendeleevskaya Line 3, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.I.K.); (A.V.T.); (A.A.P.); (O.G.C.); (O.E.T.); (L.I.P.); (V.S.D.); (V.S.B.)
| | - Olga A. Efimova
- D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, Mendeleevskaya Line 3, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.I.K.); (A.V.T.); (A.A.P.); (O.G.C.); (O.E.T.); (L.I.P.); (V.S.D.); (V.S.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna A. Pendina
- D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, Mendeleevskaya Line 3, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.I.K.); (A.V.T.); (A.A.P.); (O.G.C.); (O.E.T.); (L.I.P.); (V.S.D.); (V.S.B.)
| | - Anna A. Smirnova
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Litovskaya Street 2, 194100 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Olga G. Chiryaeva
- D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, Mendeleevskaya Line 3, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.I.K.); (A.V.T.); (A.A.P.); (O.G.C.); (O.E.T.); (L.I.P.); (V.S.D.); (V.S.B.)
| | - Olga E. Talantova
- D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, Mendeleevskaya Line 3, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.I.K.); (A.V.T.); (A.A.P.); (O.G.C.); (O.E.T.); (L.I.P.); (V.S.D.); (V.S.B.)
| | - Lubov’ I. Petrova
- D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, Mendeleevskaya Line 3, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.I.K.); (A.V.T.); (A.A.P.); (O.G.C.); (O.E.T.); (L.I.P.); (V.S.D.); (V.S.B.)
| | - Vera S. Dudkina
- D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, Mendeleevskaya Line 3, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.I.K.); (A.V.T.); (A.A.P.); (O.G.C.); (O.E.T.); (L.I.P.); (V.S.D.); (V.S.B.)
| | - Vladislav S. Baranov
- D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, Mendeleevskaya Line 3, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.I.K.); (A.V.T.); (A.A.P.); (O.G.C.); (O.E.T.); (L.I.P.); (V.S.D.); (V.S.B.)
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Moon KC, Park CW, Park JS, Jun JK. Fetal Growth Restriction and Subsequent Low Grade Fetal Inflammatory Response Are Associated with Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis in the Context of Early Preterm Sterile Intrauterine Environment. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10092018. [PMID: 34066888 PMCID: PMC8125902 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10092018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
There is no information about whether fetal growth restriction (FGR) is an independent risk factor for low-grade fetal inflammatory response (FIR), and which is more valuable for the prediction of early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) between low-grade FIR or fetal inflammatory response syndrome (FIRS) in the context of human early preterm sterile intrauterine environment. We examined FIR (umbilical cord plasma (UCP) CRP concentration at birth) according to the presence or absence of FGR (birth weight < 5th percentile for gestational age (GA)) and EONS in 81 singleton preterm births (GA at delivery: 24.5~33.5 weeks) within 72 h after amniocentesis and with sterile intrauterine environment. A sterile intrauterine environment was defined by the presence of both a sterile amniotic fluid (AF) (AF with both negative culture and MMP-8 < 23 ng/mL) and inflammation-free placenta. Median UCP CRP (ng/mL) was higher in cases with FGR than in those without FGR (63.2 vs. 34.5; p = 0.018), and FGR was an independent risk factor for low-grade FIR (UCP CRP ≥ 52.8 ng/mL) (OR 3.003, 95% CI 1.024-8.812, p = 0.045) after correction for confounders. Notably, low-grade FIR (positive likelihood-ratio (LR) and 95% CI, 2.3969 (1.4141-4.0625); negative-LR and 95% CI, 0.4802 (0.2591-0.8902)), but not FIRS (positive-LR and 95% CI, 2.1071 (0.7526-5.8993); negative-LR and 95% CI, 0.8510 (0.6497-1.1145)), was useful for the identification of EONS. In conclusion, FGR is an independent risk factor for low-grade FIR, and low-grade FIR, but not FIRS, has a value for the identification of EONS in the context of the early preterm sterile intrauterine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Chul Moon
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Chan-Wook Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.S.P.); (J.K.J.)
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Population, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2072-0635
| | - Joong Shin Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.S.P.); (J.K.J.)
| | - Jong Kwan Jun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.S.P.); (J.K.J.)
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Population, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul 03080, Korea
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Kajdy A, Modzelewski J, Cymbaluk-Płoska A, Kwiatkowska E, Bednarek-Jędrzejek M, Borowski D, Stefańska K, Rabijewski M, Torbé A, Kwiatkowski S. Molecular Pathways of Cellular Senescence and Placental Aging in Late Fetal Growth Restriction and Stillbirth. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4186. [PMID: 33919502 PMCID: PMC8072706 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormally accelerated, premature placental senescence plays a crucial role in the genesis of pregnancy pathologies. Abnormal growth in the third trimester can present as small for gestational age fetuses or fetal growth restriction. One differs from the other by the presence of signs of placental insufficiency and the risk of stillbirth. The majority of stillbirths occur in normally grown fetuses and are classified as "unexplained", which often leads to conclusions that they were unpreventable. The main characteristic of aging is a gradual decline in the function of cells, tissues, and organs. These changes result in the accumulation of senescent cells in mitotic tissues. These cells begin the aging process that disrupts tissues' normal functions by affecting neighboring cells, degrading the extracellular matrix, and reducing tissues' regeneration capacity. Different degrees of abnormal placentation result in the severity of fetal growth restriction and its sequelae, including fetal death. This review aims to present the current knowledge and identify future research directions to understand better placental aging in late fetal growth restriction and unexplained stillbirth. We hypothesized that the final diagnosis of placental insufficiency can be made only using markers of placental senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kajdy
- Department of Reproductive Health, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Żelazna 90 St., 01-004 Warsaw, Poland; (J.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Jan Modzelewski
- Department of Reproductive Health, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Żelazna 90 St., 01-004 Warsaw, Poland; (J.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Aneta Cymbaluk-Płoska
- Department of Gynecological Surgery and Gynecological Oncology of Adults and Adolescents, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Ewa Kwiatkowska
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Bednarek-Jędrzejek
- Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (M.B.-J.); (A.T.)
| | - Dariusz Borowski
- Clinic of Fetal-Maternal, Gynecology and Neonatology, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Bydgoszcz, Łukasiewicza 1 St., 85-821 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Stefańska
- Department of Obstetrics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Mariana Smoluchowskiego 17 St., 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Michał Rabijewski
- Department of Reproductive Health, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Żelazna 90 St., 01-004 Warsaw, Poland; (J.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Andrzej Torbé
- Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (M.B.-J.); (A.T.)
| | - Sebastian Kwiatkowski
- Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (M.B.-J.); (A.T.)
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Telomeres and replicative cellular aging of the human placenta and chorioamniotic membranes. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5115. [PMID: 33664422 PMCID: PMC7933277 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84728-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent hypotheses propose that the human placenta and chorioamniotic membranes (CAMs) experience telomere length (TL)-mediated senescence. These hypotheses are based on mean TL (mTL) measurements, but replicative senescence is triggered by short and dysfunctional telomeres, not mTL. We measured short telomeres by a vanguard method, the Telomere shortest length assay, and telomere-dysfunction-induced DNA damage foci (TIF) in placentas and CAMs between 18-week gestation and at full-term. Both the placenta and CAMs showed a buildup of short telomeres and TIFs, but not shortening of mTL from 18-weeks to full-term. In the placenta, TIFs correlated with short telomeres but not mTL. CAMs of preterm birth pregnancies with intra-amniotic infection showed shorter mTL and increased proportions of short telomeres. We conclude that the placenta and probably the CAMs undergo TL-mediated replicative aging. Further research is warranted whether TL-mediated replicative aging plays a role in all preterm births.
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Kasture V, Sahay A, Joshi S. Cell death mechanisms and their roles in pregnancy related disorders. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2021; 126:195-225. [PMID: 34090615 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2021.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy and apoptosis are catabolic pathways essential for homeostasis. They play a crucial role for normal placental and fetal development. These cell death mechanisms are exaggerated in placental disorders such as preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Apoptosis is widely studied, highly controlled and regulated whereas; autophagy is an orderly degradation and recycling of the cellular components. Cellular senescence may be initiated by a variety of stimuli, including hypoxia, oxidative stress, reduction in survival signals and nutrition deprivation. Apoptosis is regulated by two types of pathways intrinsic and extrinsic. Extrinsic pathway is initiated by apoptosis inducing cells such as macrophages, natural killer cells whereas; intrinsic pathway is initiated in response to DNA damage, cell injury and lack of oxygen. In autophagy, the cell or organelles undergo lysosomal degradation. Placental apoptosis increases as the gestation progresses while autophagy plays a role in trophoblast differentiation and invasion. In pregnancy disorders like preeclampsia and IUGR, proapoptotic markers such as caspase 3, 8, BAX are higher and antiapoptotic markers like Bcl-2 are lower. In GDM, apoptotic markers are reduced resulting in increased placental mass and fetal macrosomia. Apoptosis in the pathological pregnancies is also influenced by the reduced levels of micronutrients and long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids resulting in disturbed placental biology. This chapter describes the role of various key molecular events involved in cellular senescence and the various factors influencing them. This will help identify future therapeutic strategies for better management of these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Kasture
- Department of Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, India
| | - Akriti Sahay
- Department of Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, India
| | - Sadhana Joshi
- Department of Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, India.
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Pregnancy by Assisted Reproductive Technology Is Associated with Shorter Telomere Length in Neonates. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249688. [PMID: 33353140 PMCID: PMC7766074 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomere length (TL) influences the development of lifestyle-related diseases, and neonatal TL may influence their prevalence. Various factors have been reported to affect neonatal TL. Although the fetus is exposed to multiple conditions in utero, the main factors affecting the shortening of neonatal TL are still not known. In this study, we sought to identify factors that influence fetal TL. A total of 578 mother-newborn pairs were included for TL analysis. TL was measured in genomic DNA extracted from cord blood samples using quantitative PCR. The clinical factors examined at enrollment included the following intrauterine environmental factors: maternal age, assisted reproductive technology (ART) used, body mass index (BMI), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), maternal stress, smoking, alcohol consumption, preterm delivery, small-for-gestational-age, neonatal sex, and placental weight. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to verify the relationship between neonatal TL and these clinical factors. The median neonatal TL to single-copy gene ratio was 1.0. Pregnancy with ART was among the 11 factors associated with shorter neonatal TL. From multiple regression analysis, we determined that neonatal TL was significantly shorter for pregnancies in the ART group than in the other groups. We conclude that pregnancy with ART is associated with shorter neonatal TL.
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Colicino E, Cowell W, Bozack A, Foppa Pedretti N, Joshi A, Niedzwiecki MM, Bollati V, Berin C, Wright RO, Wright RJ. Association between prenatal immune phenotyping and cord blood leukocyte telomere length in the PRISM pregnancy cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 191:110113. [PMID: 32841635 PMCID: PMC7883408 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental exposures including air pollutants, toxic metals, and psychosocial stress have been associated with shorter telomere length (TL) in newborns. These exposures have in turn been linked to an enhanced inflammatory immune response. Increased inflammation during pregnancy may be a central biological pathway linking environmental factors with reduced TL at birth. Approaches that more comprehensively characterize the prenatal inflammatory milieu rather than targeting specific individual cytokines in relation to newborn TL may better elucidate inflammatory mechanisms. METHODS Analyses included 129 mother-child dyads enrolled in the PRogramming of Intergenerational Stress Mechanisms (PRISM) pregnancy cohort. We measured 92 inflammation related proteins during pregnancy in maternal serum using the Olink protein array and quantified cord blood relative leukocyte TL (rLTL) via qPCR. We leveraged a tree-based machine learning algorithm to select the most important inflammatory related proteins jointly associated with rLTL. We then evaluated the combined association between the selected proteins with rLTL using Bayesian Weighted Quantile Sum (BWQS) Regression. Analyses were adjusted for gestational week of serum collection, maternal race/ethnicity, age, and education, and fetal sex. We evaluated major biological function of the identified proteins by using the UniProtKB, a centralized repository of curated functional information. RESULTS Three proteins were negatively and linearly associated with rLTL (CASP8 β: -0.22 p = 0.008, BNGF β: -0.43 p = 0.033, TRANCE β: 0.38 p = 0.004). Results from BWQS regression showed a significant overall decrease in rLTL (β: -0.26 95%CrI: -0.43, -0.07) per quartile increase of the mixture, with CASP8 contributing the greatest weight (CASP8 50%; BNGF 27%, and TRANCE 23%). The identified proteins were involved in the regulation of apoptotic processes and cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS This proteomics approach identifies novel maternal prenatal inflammatory protein biomarkers associated with shortened rLTL in newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Colicino
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - W Cowell
- Department of Pediatrics, Kravis Children's Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - A Bozack
- Department of Pediatrics, Kravis Children's Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - N Foppa Pedretti
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - A Joshi
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - M M Niedzwiecki
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - C Berin
- Department of Pediatrics, Kravis Children's Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - R O Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Kravis Children's Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - R J Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Kravis Children's Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Polettini J, da Silva MG. Telomere-Related Disorders in Fetal Membranes Associated With Birth and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes. Front Physiol 2020; 11:561771. [PMID: 33123024 PMCID: PMC7573552 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.561771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomere disorders have been associated with aging-related diseases, including diabetes, vascular, and neurodegenerative diseases. The main consequence of altered telomere is the induction of the state of irreversible cell cycle arrest. Though several mechanisms responsible for the activation of senescence have been identified, it is still unclear how a cell is indeed induced to become irreversibly arrested. Most tissues in the body will experience senescence throughout its lifespan, but intrinsic and extrinsic stressors, such as chemicals, pollution, oxidative stress (OS), and inflammation accelerate the process. Pregnancy is a state of OS, as the higher metabolic demand of the growing fetus results in increased reactive oxygen species production. As a temporary organ in the mother, senescence in fetal membranes and placenta is expected and linked to term parturition (>37 weeks of gestation). However, a persistent, overwhelming, or premature OS affects placental antioxidant capacity, with consequent accumulation of OS causing damage to lipids, proteins, and DNA in the placental tissues. Therefore, senescence and its main inducer, telomere length (TL) reduction, have been associated with pregnancy complications, including stillbirth, preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, and prematurity. Fetal membranes have a notable role in preterm births, which continue to be a major health issue associated with increased risk of neo and perinatal adverse outcomes and/or predisposition to disease in later life; however, the ability to mediate a delay in parturition during such cases is limited, because the pathophysiology of preterm births and physiological mechanisms of term births are not yet fully elucidated. Here, we review the current knowledge regarding the regulation of telomere-related senescence mechanisms in fetal membranes, highlighting the role of inflammation, methylation, and telomerase activity. Moreover, we present the evidences of TL reduction and senescence in gestational tissues by the time of term parturition. In conclusion, we verified that telomere regulation in fetal membranes requires a more complete understanding, in order to support the development of successful effective interventions of the molecular mechanisms that triggers parturition, including telomere signals, which may vary throughout placental tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jossimara Polettini
- Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul (UFFS), Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Biomédicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Campus Passo Fundo, Brazil
| | - Marcia Guimarães da Silva
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Patologia, Botucatu, Brazil
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Telomere erosion as a placental clock: From placental pathologies to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Placenta 2020; 97:101-107. [PMID: 32792055 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2020.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The placenta provides nutritional and gas exchange between fetus and mother. Early in pregnancy, placental trophoblasts proliferate rapidly and invade aggressively. As pregnancy progresses, placental cells begin to age. Indeed, pregnancy itself has a tightly regulated duration, determined in large part by placental lifespan. Late in pregnancy, placental cells reach a senescent apoptotic state, activated by a number of intrinsic and extrinsic factors, including oxidative stress (OS), and DNA damage. Pregnancy complications, stillbirths and neonatal deaths have been related to OS and abnormal placental aging. Telomeres, the protective nucleoprotein structures at the ends of linear chromosomes, shorten both from cell replication and from exposure to OS. When telomeres become critically short they trigger cell cycle arrest and eventually cell death. Telomere attrition thus provide an intrinsic mechanism to explain tissue senescence and aging. Mounting evidence suggests that senescence of placental and fetal membrane cells results from telomere attrition. We review the studies that have addressed the role of telomere length (TL) in placentas from normal and complicated pregnancies, including pre-eclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, gestational diabetes, and stillbirth. To date studies have uncovered associations between TL and a number of obstetrical complications. Future research is needed to determine whether these associations are causative, i.e. whether these clinical conditions result from telomere dysfunction, and whether particular features of telomeres, e.g. mean or shortest length, etc. could serve as clinically useful biomarkers of placental health.
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Singh VP, McKinney S, Gerton JL. Persistent DNA Damage and Senescence in the Placenta Impacts Developmental Outcomes of Embryos. Dev Cell 2020; 54:333-347.e7. [PMID: 32800293 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cohesin is an evolutionarily conserved chromosome-associated protein complex essential for chromosome segregation, gene expression, and repair of DNA damage. Mutations that affect this complex cause the human developmental disorder Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS), thought to arise from defective embryonic transcription. We establish a significant role for placental defects in the development of CdLS mouse embryos (Nipbl and Hdac8). Placenta is a naturally senescent tissue; we demonstrate that persistent DNA damage potentiates senescence and activates cytokine signaling. Mutant embryo developmental outcomes are significantly improved in the context of a wild-type placenta or by genetically restricting cytokine signaling. Our study highlights that cohesin is required for maintaining ploidy and the repair of spontaneous DNA damage in placental cells, suggesting that genotoxic stress and ensuing placental senescence and cytokine production could represent a broad theme in embryo health and viability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sean McKinney
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Jennifer L Gerton
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
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Differential expression of several factors involved in placental development in normal and abnormal condition. Placenta 2020; 95:1-8. [PMID: 32339142 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2020.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The placenta, a temporary organ that forms during pregnancy, is the largest fetal organ and the first to develop. It is recognized as an organ that plays a vital role as a metabolic and physical barrier in the fetoplacental unit; throughout fetal development it acts as the lungs, gut, kidneys, and liver of the fetus. When its two components, the fetal and the maternal one, successfully interact, pregnancy proceeds healthily. However, in some cases there may be pregnancy disorders, such as preeclampsia (PE) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), which can lead to a different outcome for the mother and the newborn. In recent years, several studies have been conducted to try to understand how the expression of factors involved in the development of the placenta varies under pathological conditions compared with normal conditions. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent discoveries in this field.
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Telomere Length and Telomerase Activity in Foetal Membranes from Term and Spontaneous Preterm Births. Reprod Sci 2020; 27:411-417. [PMID: 32046424 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-019-00054-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The reduction of telomere length, the protective cap structures of chromosomes, is one of the biomarkers of senescence (a mechanism of ageing), and ageing of foetal gestational tissues is associated with both term and preterm parturition. A mechanism regulating telomere length is the activity of telomerase, an enzyme that adds telomere fragments during DNA replication and cell division; however, its role in regulating telomere length is not well studied in gestational tissues. The objective of this study is to correlate telomere length and telomerase activity in foetal membranes from term and spontaneous preterm births. Foetal membrane samples were collected from pregnant women experiencing term labour (TL), term not in labour (TNL), preterm premature rupture of membranes (pPROM) and spontaneous preterm labour (PTL) with intact membranes (n = 20/group). Telomere length and telomerase activity were analyzed by relative quantification (T/S), real-time PCR and PCR-based fluorometric detection, respectively. Data were analyzed by ANOVA or the Kruskal-Wallis test. Demographic variables were not statistically different among the groups. Foetal membranes from the TL group showed telomere length reduction compared with those from the others (p < 0.0002). Telomerase activity did not change in foetal membranes irrespective of pregnancy outcome. Telomere shortening in foetal membranes is suggestive of senescence associated with triggering of labour at term; however, this is likely independent of telomerase activity, while prematurity may be associated with senescence, but due to other mechanisms than telomere length reduction in foetal membranes.
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Duan L, Schimmelmann M, Wu Y, Reisch B, Faas M, Kimmig R, Winterhager E, Köninger A, Gellhaus A. CCN3 Signaling Is Differently Regulated in Placental Diseases Preeclampsia and Abnormally Invasive Placenta. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:597549. [PMID: 33304321 PMCID: PMC7701218 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.597549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES An adequate development of the placenta includes trophoblast differentiation with the processes of trophoblast migration, invasion, cellular senescence and apoptosis which are all crucial to establishing a successful pregnancy. Altered placental development and function lead to placental diseases such as preeclampsia (PE) which is mainly characterized by insufficient trophoblast invasion and abnormally invasive placenta (AIP) disorders (Placenta accreta, increta, or percreta) which are characterized by excessive trophoblast invasion. Both of them will cause maternal and fetal morbidity/mortality. However, the etiology of these diseases is still unclear. Our previous study has shown that the matricellular protein nephroblastoma overexpressed (NOV, CCN3) induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, drives trophoblast cells into senescence and activates FAK and Akt kinases resulting in reduced cell proliferation and enhanced migration capability of the human trophoblast cell line SGHPL-5. The present study focuses on whether CCN3 can alter cell cycle-regulated pathways associated with trophoblast senescence and invasion activity in pathological versus gestational age-matched control placentas. METHODS Cell cycle regulator proteins were investigated by immunoblotting and qPCR. For localization of CCN3, p16, p21, and Cyclin D1 proteins, co-immunohistochemistry was performed. RESULTS In early-onset PE placentas, CCN3 was expressed at a significantly lower level compared to gestational age-matched controls. The decrease of CCN3 level is associated with an increase in p53, Cyclin E1 and pRb protein expression, whereas the level of cleaved Notch-1, p21, Cyclin D1, pFAK, pAKT, and pmTOR protein decreased. In term AIP placentas, the expression of CCN3 was significantly increased compared to matched term controls. This increase was correlated to an increase in p53, p16, p21, Cyclin D1, cleaved Notch-1, pFAK, pAkt, and pmTOR whereas pRb was significantly decreased. However, in late PE and early AIP placentas, no significant differences in CCN3, p16, p21, Cyclin D1, p53, and cleaved Notch-1 expression were found when matched to appropriate controls. CONCLUSIONS CCN3 expression levels are correlated to markers of cell cycle arrest oppositely in PE and AIP by activating the FAK/AKT pathway in AIP or down-regulating in PE. This may be one mechanism to explain the different pathological features of placental diseases, PE and AIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Duan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Manuela Schimmelmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Yuqing Wu
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Beatrix Reisch
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marijke Faas
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Rainer Kimmig
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Elke Winterhager
- Electron Microscopy Unit (EMU)/Imaging Center Essen (IMCES), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Angela Köninger
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Alexandra Gellhaus
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Alexandra Gellhaus,
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Niu Z, Li K, Xie C, Wen X. Adverse Birth Outcomes and Birth Telomere Length: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Pediatr 2019; 215:64-74.e6. [PMID: 31630890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2019.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To synthesize previous findings on the difference in birth telomere length between newborns with and without intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) or with and without preterm birth. STUDY DESIGN We systematically searched 3 databases (PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science) for publications that examined the relationships of IUGR or preterm birth with birth telomere length. We conducted meta-analysis to pool the estimated difference in birth telomere length either between IUGR and non-IUGR or between preterm birth and full-term birth. Subgroup analyses were conducted by tissues (newborn blood vs placenta) and techniques used for telomere length measurement (quantitative polymerase chain reaction [qPCR] vs telomere restriction fragment). RESULTS We included 11 articles on comparing birth telomere length between IUGR (combined n = 227) and non-IUGR (n = 1897) and 7 articles on comparing birth telomere length between preterm birth (n = 182) and full-term birth (n = 1320). We found IUGR was associated with shorter birth telomere length only when birth telomere length was measured in placenta (pooled standardized mean difference [SMD] = -0.85; 95% CI -1.13 to -0.57; IUGR/non-IUGR n = 87/173), but not in newborn blood (pooled SMD = 0.00, 95% CI -0.18 to 0.19; IUGR/non-IUGR n = 148/1733). Birth telomere length was significantly longer in preterm birth than in full-term birth when birth telomere length was measured by qPCR (pooled SMD = 0.40, 95% CI 0.18-0.63; preterm birth/full-term birth n = 137/682) but not by telomere restriction fragment (pooled SMD = 0.05, 95% CI -0.29 to 0.38; preterm birth/full-term birth n = 44/444). CONCLUSIONS IUGR is associated with shorter placental telomere length and preterm birth is associated with longer birth telomere length measured by qPCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongzheng Niu
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY
| | - Karen Li
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY; College of Health Professions, Lienhard School of Nursing, Pace University, New York, NY
| | - Chuanbo Xie
- Department of Cancer Prevention Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaozhong Wen
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.
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Gal H, Lysenko M, Stroganov S, Vadai E, Youssef SA, Tzadikevitch‐Geffen K, Rotkopf R, Biron‐Shental T, de Bruin A, Neeman M, Krizhanovsky V. Molecular pathways of senescence regulate placental structure and function. EMBO J 2019; 38:e100849. [PMID: 31424120 PMCID: PMC6745498 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2018100849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The placenta is an autonomous organ that maintains fetal growth and development. Its multinucleated syncytiotrophoblast layer, providing fetal nourishment during gestation, exhibits characteristics of cellular senescence. We show that in human placentas from pregnancies with intrauterine growth restriction, these characteristics are decreased. To elucidate the functions of pathways regulating senescence in syncytiotrophoblast, we used dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI in mice with attenuated senescence programs. This approach revealed an altered dynamics in placentas of p53-/- , Cdkn2a-/- , and Cdkn2a-/- ;p53-/- mice, accompanied by histopathological changes in placental labyrinths. Human primary syncytiotrophoblast upregulated senescence markers and molecular pathways associated with cell-cycle inhibition and senescence-associated secretory phenotype. The pathways and components of the secretory phenotype were compromised in mouse placentas with attenuated senescence and in human placentas from pregnancies with intrauterine growth restriction. We propose that molecular mediators of senescence regulate placental structure and function, through both cell-autonomous and non-autonomous mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilah Gal
- Department of Molecular Cell BiologyThe Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Marina Lysenko
- Department of Biological RegulationThe Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Sima Stroganov
- Department of Molecular Cell BiologyThe Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Ezra Vadai
- Department of Molecular Cell BiologyThe Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Sameh A Youssef
- Department of PathobiologyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineDutch Molecular Pathology CenterUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Division of Molecular GeneticsDepartment of PediatricsUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Ron Rotkopf
- Bioinformatics and Biological Computing UnitDepartment of Biological ServicesThe Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Tal Biron‐Shental
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyMeir Medical CenterKfar SabaIsrael
| | - Alain de Bruin
- Department of PathobiologyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineDutch Molecular Pathology CenterUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Division of Molecular GeneticsDepartment of PediatricsUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Michal Neeman
- Department of Biological RegulationThe Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Valery Krizhanovsky
- Department of Molecular Cell BiologyThe Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
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Placental Ageing in Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: Telomere Shortening, Cell Senescence, and Mitochondrial Dysfunction. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:3095383. [PMID: 31249642 PMCID: PMC6556237 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3095383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a multisystemic pregnancy disorder and a major cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. The exact pathophysiology of preeclampsia remains unclear; however, it is speculated that the various pathologies can be attributed to impaired vascular remodelling and elevated oxidative stress within the placenta. Oxidative stress plays a key role in cell ageing, and the persistent presence of elevated oxidative stress precipitates cellular senescence and mitochondrial dysfunction, resulting in premature ageing of the placenta. Premature ageing of the placenta is associated with placental insufficiency, which reduces the functional capacity of this critical organ and leads to abnormal pregnancy outcomes. The changes brought about by oxidative insults are irreversible and often lead to deleterious modifications in macromolecules such as lipids and proteins, DNA mutations, and alteration of mitochondrial functioning and dynamics. In this review, we have summarized the current knowledge of placental ageing in the aetiology of adverse pregnancy outcomes and discussed the hallmarks of ageing which could be potential markers for preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction.
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Paules C, Dantas AP, Miranda J, Crovetto F, Eixarch E, Rodriguez-Sureda V, Dominguez C, Casu G, Rovira C, Nadal A, Crispi F, Gratacós E. Premature placental aging in term small-for-gestational-age and growth-restricted fetuses. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2019; 53:615-622. [PMID: 30125412 DOI: 10.1002/uog.20103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To perform a comprehensive assessment of the placental aging process in small term fetuses classified as being small-for-gestational age (SGA) or having fetal growth restriction (FGR) through analysis of senescence and apoptosis markers. METHODS This was a prospective nested case-control study of singleton pregnancies delivered at term, including 21 control pregnancies with normally grown fetuses and 36 with a small fetus classified as SGA (birth weight between the 3rd and 9th percentiles and normal fetoplacental Doppler; n = 18) or FGR (birth weight < 3rd percentile and/or abnormal cerebroplacental ratio and/or uterine artery Doppler; n = 18). Telomerase activity, telomere length (quantified by comparing the amount of amplification product for the telomere sequence (T) to that of a single copy of the gene 36B4 (S)) and RNA expression of senescence (Sirtuins 1, 3 and 6) and apoptosis (p53, p21, BAX and Caspases 3 and 9) markers (analyzed using the 2-ΔΔCt method) were determined in placental samples collected at birth and compared between the three groups. RESULTS Compared to pregnancies with a normally grown fetus, both SGA and FGR pregnancies presented signs of accelerated placental aging, including lower telomerase activity (mean ± SD, 12.8 ± 6.6% in controls vs 7.98 ± 4.2% in SGA vs 7.79 ± 4.6% in FGR; P = 0.008), shorter telomeres (mean ± SD T/S ratio, 1.20 ± 0.6 in controls vs 1.08 ± 0.9 in SGA vs 0.66 ± 0.5 in FGR; P = 0.047) and reduced Sirtuin-1 RNA expression (mean ± SD 2-ΔΔCt , 1.55 ± 0.8 in controls vs 0.91 ± 0.8 in SGA vs 0.63 ± 0.5 in FGR; P = 0.001) together with increased p53 RNA expression (median (interquartile range) 2-ΔΔCt , 1.07 (0.3-3.3) in controls vs 5.39 (0.6-15) in SGA vs 3.75 (0.9-7.8) in FGR; P = 0.040). FGR cases presented signs of apoptosis, with increased Caspase-3 RNA levels (median (interquartile range) 2-ΔΔCt , 0.94 (0.7-1.7) in controls vs 3.98 (0.9-31) in FGR; P = 0.031) and Caspase-9 RNA levels (median (interquartile range) 2-ΔΔCt , 1.21 (0.6-4.0) in controls vs 3.87 (1.5-9.0) in FGR; P = 0.037) compared with controls. In addition, Sirtuin-1 RNA expression, telomerase activity, telomere length and Caspase-3 activity showed significant linear trends across groups as severity of the condition increased. CONCLUSIONS Accelerated placental aging was observed in both clinical forms of late-onset fetal smallness (SGA and FGR), supporting a common pathophysiology and challenging the concept of SGA fetuses being constitutionally small. Copyright © 2018 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Paules
- Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, ICGON, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A P Dantas
- Cardiovascular Institut, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Miranda
- Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, ICGON, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Crovetto
- Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, ICGON, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Eixarch
- Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, ICGON, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Disease (CIBER-ER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - V Rodriguez-Sureda
- Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Disease (CIBER-ER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Centre for Nanomedicine, Hospital Univeritari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Dominguez
- Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Disease (CIBER-ER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Centre for Nanomedicine, Hospital Univeritari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Casu
- Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, ICGON, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Rovira
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - A Nadal
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Crispi
- Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, ICGON, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Disease (CIBER-ER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Gratacós
- Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, ICGON, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Disease (CIBER-ER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Liu X, Wan M. A tale of the good and bad: Cell senescence in bone homeostasis and disease. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 346:97-128. [PMID: 31122396 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Historically, cellular senescence has been viewed as an irreversible cell-cycle arrest process with distinctive phenotypic alterations that were implicated primarily in aging and tumor suppression. Recent discoveries suggest that cellular senescence represents a series of diverse, dynamic, and heterogeneous cellular states with the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Although senescent cells typically contribute to aging and age-related diseases, accumulating evidence has shown that they also have important physiological functions during embryonic development, late pubertal bone growth cessation, and adulthood tissue remodeling. Here, we review the recent research on cellular senescence and SASP, highlighting the key pathways that mediate senescence cell-cycle arrest and initiate SASP. We also summarize recent literature on the role of cellular senescence in maintaining bone homeostasis and mediating age-associated osteoporosis, discussing both the beneficial and adverse roles of cellular senescence in bone during different physiological stages, including bone development, childhood bone growth, adulthood bone remodeling, and bone aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Mei Wan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
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Christian LM. At the forefront of psychoneuroimmunology in pregnancy: Implications for racial disparities in birth outcomes: PART 2: Biological mechanisms. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 117:327-333. [PMID: 30885813 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
As reviewed in Part 1 of this two part review, birth prior to full term is a substantial public health issue. In the US, ˜400,000 babies per year are born preterm (< 37 weeks), while>1 million are early term (37-386/7 weeks) and remarkable racial disparities in shortened gestation are observed among African Americans as compared to Whites. Biomechanisms linking stressor exposures with birth outcomes are increasingly being explicated. The current paper reviews the mechanistic role of maternal biological functioning in the link between behavioral exposures and birth outcomes. These include the inter-related roles of neuroendocrine function, inflammatory regulation, biological aging, and the microbiome. An integrative approach which addresses both behavioral and biological factors within the same study, carefully considers the role of race/ethnicity, and rigorously defines birth outcomes (e.g., spontaneous versus medically-indicated and inclusive of early term birth) is needed to move research in this field toward better mechanistic understanding and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Christian
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; The Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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Perales-Puchalt A, Soberón N, Monterde M, Hervas-Marin D, Foronda M, Desantes D, Soler I, Perales-Marin A, Pellicer A, Blasco MA. Maternal telomere length is shorter in intrauterine growth restriction versus uncomplicated pregnancies, but not in the offspring or in IVF-conceived newborns. Reprod Biomed Online 2018; 38:606-612. [PMID: 30826299 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION The study aimed to determine whether IVF or intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) result in short neonatal telomeres, which could explain the higher risk of cardiovascular and metabolic disease described in these populations. DESIGN This was an observational, analytical, cross-sectional, prospective study with controls in a tertiary hospital. The main outcome was to determine the leukocyte telomere length in 126 newborns and their mothers (n = 109). Newborns were conceived spontaneously or by IVF, and uncomplicated and IUGR pregnancies were studied. Telomere lengths were measured using high-throughput telomere quantitative fluorescent in-situ hybridization. RESULTS There was no difference in average telomere length between newborns conceived by IVF or those with IUGR and spontaneously conceived healthy newborns (P = 0.466 and P = 0.732, respectively); this remained after controlling for confounders (P = 0.218 and P = 0.991, respectively). Mothers of newborns with IUGR had a shorter average telomere length than women with uncomplicated pregnancies (P = 0.023), which was confirmed after controlling for age, body mass index and smoking habit (P = 0.034). CONCLUSIONS The results support the safety of IVF and IUGR in terms of the postnatal health of the newborns. The shorter telomeres of IUGR mothers may represent a higher cardiovascular risk, which would have clinical implications under the stress of pregnancy in otherwise healthy adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Perales-Puchalt
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital Universitari i Politecnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Nora Soberón
- Telomere and Telomerase Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Monterde
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Grupo Acreditado de Investigación en Medicina Reproductiva, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - David Hervas-Marin
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Departamento de Bioestadística, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel Foronda
- Telomere and Telomerase Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Domingo Desantes
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital Universitari i Politecnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Soler
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital Universitari i Politecnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Alfredo Perales-Marin
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital Universitari i Politecnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Pellicer
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital Universitari i Politecnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Grupo Acreditado de Investigación en Medicina Reproductiva, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad (IVI), Plaça de la Policia Local, 46015 Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria A Blasco
- Telomere and Telomerase Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Farladansky-Gershnabel S, Gal H, Kidron D, Krizhanovsky V, Amiel A, Sukenik-Halevy R, Biron-Shental T. Telomere Homeostasis and Senescence Markers Are Differently Expressed in Placentas From Pregnancies With Early- Versus Late-Onset Preeclampsia. Reprod Sci 2018; 26:1203-1209. [PMID: 30474505 DOI: 10.1177/1933719118811644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early-onset preeclampsia (EOPE; <34 weeks' gestation) usually has more severe morbidity for the mother and fetus compared to late-onset preeclampsia (LOPE). Telomere homeostasis is disrupted in preeclampsia (PE) and senescence markers are increased. The pathophysiologic differences between early and LOPE are not fully unraveled yet. METHODS We studied placental biopsies from 7 pregnancies with EOPE, 6 pregnancies with LOPE, and 13 healthy gestational age-matched controls. Telomere length and aggregate formation were assessed using qualitative fluorescence in situ hybridization and electronic quantitative methods. Senescence markers were evaluated including senescence-associated heterochromatin foci, β-galactosidase (SAβ-Gal), and P16 staining, as was the expression of P16 complementary DNA (cDNA) using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). RESULTS There were no differences in maternal age, gravidity, parity, body mass index, and mode of conception between the study and the control groups. The percentage of trophoblasts with short telomeres was higher in placental samples from EOPE (52.61% [12.27%]) versus LOPE (28.72% [10.14%]); both were higher compared to controls (7.53% [5.14%], P = .03). Aggregate formation was enhanced in EOPE (8.72% [2.49%]) compared to LOPE (4.54% [1.45%]); both were higher than in healthy controls (2.72% [1.08%], P = .03). Trophoblasts from EOPE versus LOPE were more likely to stain positive for SAβ-Gal and P16 compared to controls (P < .001). P16 cDNA expression assayed by RT-qPCR was 7.51 times higher in EOPE compared to controls and 5.86 times higher than in LOPE. CONCLUSIONS Impaired telomere homeostasis and senescence markers are more prominent in EOPE versus LOPE. These findings may contribute to our understanding of the pathophysiology and explain their different clinical presentations and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivan Farladansky-Gershnabel
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel.,2 Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hilah Gal
- 3 Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Debora Kidron
- 2 Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,4 Department of Pathology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
| | - Valery Krizhanovsky
- 3 Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Aliza Amiel
- 5 Genetics Institute, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
| | - Rivka Sukenik-Halevy
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel.,2 Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,5 Genetics Institute, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
| | - Tal Biron-Shental
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel.,2 Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Arias-Sosa LA. Understanding the Role of Telomere Dynamics in Normal and Dysfunctional Human Reproduction. Reprod Sci 2018; 26:6-17. [DOI: 10.1177/1933719118804409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Alejandro Arias-Sosa
- Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, School of Biological Science, Tunja, Boyacá, Colombia
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47
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Luo Z, Luo W, Li S, Zhao S, Sho T, Xu X, Zhang J, Xu W, Xu J. Reactive oxygen species mediated placental oxidative stress, mitochondrial content, and cell cycle progression through mitogen-activated protein kinases in intrauterine growth restricted pigs. Reprod Biol 2018; 18:422-431. [PMID: 30301612 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) remains a significant obstacle in pig production; however, information regarding the relationship between reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced placental dysfunction and IUGR is still unknown. This study aimed to explore the placental redox status, mitochondrial content, cellular progression, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways in IUGR. Placental tissues were collected from normal intrauterine gestation (NIUG) and IUGR fetuses at delivery. Compared with the NIUG, placental ROS production, lipid peroxidation, and DNA damage were increased in IUGR. Placental mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content and mtDNA-encoded gene expression decreased in IUGR. Moreover, p21 phosphorylation increased, cyclin E expression decreased in IUGR cases, which showed senescence characteristics. Analysis of signaling pathways showed that the ERK1/2 phosphorylation increased whereas the p38 and JNK phosphorylation decreased in IUGR. In cultured porcine trophectoderm (pTr) cells, exogenous H2O2 increased intracellular ROS production, decreased cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Cell cycle distribution was found to arrest in S and G2/M phases. Our findings suggested that IUGR was associated with greater placental ROS and oxidative injury, which might be a factor that resulted in lower mitochondrial content, microvilli loss and senescence, and activation of MAPK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Luo
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wenli Luo
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shaohua Li
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Sen Zhao
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Takami Sho
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xue Xu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Weina Xu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jianxiong Xu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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48
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Guyatt AL, Rodriguez S, Gaunt TR, Fraser A, Anderson EL. Early life adiposity and telomere length across the life course: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Wellcome Open Res 2018; 2:118. [PMID: 30542661 PMCID: PMC6259597 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.13083.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The relationship between adiposity at birth and in childhood, and telomere length is yet to be determined. We aimed to systematically review and meta-analyse the results of studies assessing associations between neonatal and later childhood adiposity, and telomere length. Methods: We searched Medline, EMBASE and PubMed for studies reporting associations between adiposity measured in the neonatal period or later childhood/adolescence, and leucocyte telomere length, measured at any age via quantitative polymerase chain reaction, or terminal restriction fragment analysis, either cross-sectionally, or longitudinally. Papers published before April 2017 were included. Results: Out of 230 abstracts assessed, 23 papers (32 estimates) were retained, from which 19 estimates were meta-analysed (15 cross-sectional, four longitudinal). Of the 15 cross-sectional estimates, seven reported on neonates: four used binary exposures of small-for-gestational-age vs. appropriate-for-gestational age (or appropriate- and large-for-gestational age), and three studied birth weight continuously. Eight estimates reported on later childhood or adolescent measures; five estimates were from studies of binary exposures (overweight/obese vs. non-obese children), and three studies used continuous measures of body mass index. All four longitudinal estimates were of neonatal adiposity, with two estimates for small-for-gestational-age vs. appropriate-for-gestational age neonates, and two estimates of birth weight studied continuously, in relation to adult telomere (49-61 years). There was no strong evidence of an association between neonatal or later childhood/adolescent adiposity, and telomere length. However, between study heterogeneity was high, and there were few combinable studies. Conclusions: Our systematic review and meta-analysis found no strong evidence of an association between neonatal or later childhood or adolescent adiposity and telomere length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna L. Guyatt
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Santiago Rodriguez
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Tom R. Gaunt
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Abigail Fraser
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at the University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Emma L. Anderson
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Ko A, Han SY, Song J. Regulatory Network of ARF in Cancer Development. Mol Cells 2018; 41:381-389. [PMID: 29665672 PMCID: PMC5974615 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2018.0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ARF is a tumor suppressor protein that has a pivotal role in the prevention of cancer development through regulating cell proliferation, senescence, and apoptosis. As a factor that induces senescence, the role of ARF as a tumor suppressor is closely linked to the p53-MDM2 axis, which is a key process that restrains tumor formation. Thus, many cancer cells either lack a functional ARF or p53, which enables them to evade cell oncogenic stress-mediated cycle arrest, senescence, or apoptosis. In particular, the ARF gene is a frequent target of genetic and epigenetic alterations including promoter hyper-methylation or gene deletion. However, as many cancer cells still express ARF, pathways that negatively modulate transcriptional or post-translational regulation of ARF could be potentially important means for cancer cells to induce cellular proliferation. These recent findings of regulators affecting ARF protein stability along with its low levels in numerous human cancers indicate the significance of an ARF post-translational mechanism in cancers. Novel findings of regulators stimulating or suppressing ARF function would provide new therapeutic targets to manage cancer- and senescence-related diseases. In this review, we present the current knowledge on the regulation and alterations of ARF expression in human cancers, and indicate the importance of regulators of ARF as a prognostic marker and in potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aram Ko
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722,
Korea
| | - Su Yeon Han
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722,
Korea
| | - Jaewhan Song
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722,
Korea
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Cheng SB, Davis S, Sharma S. Maternal-fetal cross talk through cell-free fetal DNA, telomere shortening, microchimerism, and inflammation. Am J Reprod Immunol 2018; 79:e12851. [PMID: 29577468 PMCID: PMC5908740 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There exists a strong correlation between unscheduled inflammation at the maternal-fetal interface and the continuum of pregnancy complications. In normal pregnancy, immunological tolerance is established to protect the semi-allogeneic fetus. There has been extensive research on how the immunity, endovascular trophoblast migration, and hormonal nexus are orchestrated during pregnancy at the maternal-fetal interface to program a normal pregnancy outcome. It is not clear what contributes to the plasticity of uterine immune tolerance, fetal survial, and long-term post-partum health of the mother and the offspring. Old and new concepts have reemerged and emerged that include cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA), telomere shortening, microchimerism involving bidirectional migration of maternal and fetal cells, and pregnancy as a stress factor. The question is how these pathways converge in a gestational age-dependent manner to contribute to the health of the mother and the offspring later in life and respond to an array of inflammatory challenges. In this Review, we provide pertinent discussion on maternal-fetal cross talk through cffDNA, telomere shortening, and microchimerism in the context of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory settings, particularly how these pathways lead to normal and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Bin Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants’ Hospital of Rhode Island, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Sarah Davis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Infants’ Hospital of Rhode Island, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Surendra Sharma
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants’ Hospital of Rhode Island, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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