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Moses RM, Stenhouse C, Halloran KM, Sah N, Newton MG, Hoskins EC, Washburn SE, Johnson GA, Wu G, Bazer FW. Metabolic pathways of glucose and fructose: II Spatiotemporal expression of genes involved in synthesis and transport of lactate in ovine conceptuses†. Biol Reprod 2024; 111:159-173. [PMID: 38531778 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioae047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Lactate, an abundant molecule in fetal fluids and blood of mammalian species, is often overlooked as a metabolic waste product generated during pregnancy. Most of the glucose and fructose consumed by ovine conceptuses is converted to lactate, but proteins involved in lactate metabolism and transport have not been investigated. This study characterized total lactate produced by ovine conceptuses throughout gestation, as well as expression of mRNAs and proteins involved in lactate metabolism. Lactate increased in abundance in the uterine lumen during the preimplantation period and was more abundant than pyruvate. The abundance of lactate in allantoic and amniotic fluids increased with advancing days of gestation and most abundant on Day 125 of pregnancy (P < 0.05). Lactate dehydrogenase subunits A (converts pyruvate to lactate) and B (converts lactate to pyruvate) were expressed by conceptuses throughout gestation. Lactate is transported via monocarboxylic acid transporters SLC16A1 and SLC16A3, both of which were expressed by the conceptus throughout gestation. Additionally, the interplacentomal chorioallantois from Day 126 expressed SLC16A1 and SLC16A3 and transported lactate across the tissue. Hydrocarboxylic acid receptor 1 (HCAR1), a receptor for lactate, was localized to the uterine luminal and superficial glandular epithelia of pregnant ewes throughout gestation and conceptus trophectoderm during the peri-implantation period of gestation. These results provide novel insights into the spatiotemporal profiles of enzymes, transporters, and receptor for lactate by ovine conceptuses throughout pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn M Moses
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Claire Stenhouse
- Department of Animal Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Katherine M Halloran
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI, USA
| | - Nirvay Sah
- Department of Pathology, University of California-San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Makenzie G Newton
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Emily C Hoskins
- College of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Shannon E Washburn
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Gregory A Johnson
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Guoyao Wu
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Fuller W Bazer
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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2
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Cesana M, Tufano G, Panariello F, Zampelli N, Soldati C, Mutarelli M, Montefusco S, Grieco G, Sepe LV, Rossi B, Nusco E, Rossignoli G, Panebianco G, Merciai F, Salviati E, Sommella EM, Campiglia P, Martello G, Cacchiarelli D, Medina DL, Ballabio A. TFEB controls syncytiotrophoblast formation and hormone production in placenta. Cell Death Differ 2024:10.1038/s41418-024-01337-y. [PMID: 38965447 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-024-01337-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
TFEB, a bHLH-leucine zipper transcription factor belonging to the MiT/TFE family, globally modulates cell metabolism by regulating autophagy and lysosomal functions. Remarkably, loss of TFEB in mice causes embryonic lethality due to severe defects in placentation associated with aberrant vascularization and resulting hypoxia. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this phenotype has remained elusive. By integrating in vivo analyses with multi-omics approaches and functional assays, we have uncovered an unprecedented function for TFEB in promoting the formation of a functional syncytiotrophoblast in the placenta. Our findings demonstrate that constitutive loss of TFEB in knock-out mice is associated with defective formation of the syncytiotrophoblast layer. Indeed, using in vitro models of syncytialization, we demonstrated that TFEB translocates into the nucleus during syncytiotrophoblast formation and binds to the promoters of crucial placental genes, including genes encoding fusogenic proteins (Syncytin-1 and Syncytin-2) and enzymes involved in steroidogenic pathways, such as CYP19A1, the rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of 17β-Estradiol (E2). Conversely, TFEB depletion impairs both syncytial fusion and endocrine properties of syncytiotrophoblast, as demonstrated by a significant decrease in the secretion of placental hormones and E2 production. Notably, restoration of TFEB expression resets syncytiotrophoblast identity. Our findings identify that TFEB controls placental development and function by orchestrating both the transcriptional program underlying trophoblast fusion and the acquisition of endocrine function, which are crucial for the bioenergetic requirements of embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Cesana
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy.
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Gennaro Tufano
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Panariello
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicolina Zampelli
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Soldati
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Margherita Mutarelli
- National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems "Eduardo Caianiello", Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Sandro Montefusco
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Grieco
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Vittoria Sepe
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Barbara Rossi
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Edoardo Nusco
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Fabrizio Merciai
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, 84084, Salerno, Italy
| | - Emanuela Salviati
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, 84084, Salerno, Italy
| | | | - Pietro Campiglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, 84084, Salerno, Italy
| | | | - Davide Cacchiarelli
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, 80131, Naples, Italy
- SSM School for Advanced Studies, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Diego Luis Medina
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Ballabio
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy.
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, 80131, Naples, Italy.
- SSM School for Advanced Studies, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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3
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Kozai A, Murakami R, Chiba Y, Miyai Y, Matsumoto K, Kanenishi K, Ueno M. Immunohistochemical localization of HCA1 receptor in placenta in presence of fetal growth restriction. Placenta 2024; 154:80-87. [PMID: 38909565 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2024.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glucose metabolism produces lactate and hydrogen ions in an anaerobic environment. Fetuses with intrauterine growth restriction are considered to become progressively lactacidemic as well as hypoxic. Roles of lactate in the placenta in the presence of fetal growth restriction (FGR) remain to be clarified. METHODS Immunohistochemical localization of lactate-related substances, such as a receptor for lactate (hydroxy-carboxylic acid 1 receptor (HCA1 receptor/GPR81)), monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) for lactate, lactate dehydrogenases (LDHs), and proteins expressed in syncytiotrophoblasts or cytotrophoblasts was examined in placentas of appropriate weight for gestational age (AGA) fetus and those showing FGR. RESULTS Immunoreactivity for the HCA1 receptor was present in the cytoplasm of some trophoblasts, predominantly localized to their basal (fetus-facing) side, and was frequently colocalized with that for E-cadherin or serine peptidase inhibitor, Kunitz type 1 (SPINT1), a marker protein of cytotrophoblasts. Immunoreactivity for MCT1 and MCT4 was present on the basal and the microvillous (maternal-facing) membranes of trophoblasts in both groups, respectively. Clear immunoreactivity for LDHA and LDHB was also observed in the cytoplasm of trophoblasts, mainly localized to their basal side. However, there were no significant differences in immunohistochemically stained areas of lactate-related substances between AGA and late-onset FGR groups. On the other hand, there were correlations between coefficients of the presence of chorioamnionitis and the values of LDHB and E-cadherin. DISCUSSION Immunohistochemical localization of the HCA1 receptor was predominantly observed in the cytoplasm located on the basal side of trophoblasts, suggesting a role of lactate in human placental development, including syncytialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Kozai
- Department of Pathology and Host Defense, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan; Department of Perinatology and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Ryuta Murakami
- Department of Pathology and Host Defense, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Yoichi Chiba
- Department of Pathology and Host Defense, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Yumi Miyai
- Department of Pathology and Host Defense, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Koichi Matsumoto
- Department of Pathology and Host Defense, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Kenji Kanenishi
- Department of Perinatology and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Masaki Ueno
- Department of Pathology and Host Defense, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan.
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Jia W, Ma L, Yu X, Wang F, Yang Q, Wang X, Fan M, Gu Y, Meng R, Wang J, Li Y, Li R, Shao X, Wang YL. Human CD56 +CD39 + dNK cells support fetal survival through controlling trophoblastic cell fate: immune mechanisms of recurrent early pregnancy loss. Natl Sci Rev 2024; 11:nwae142. [PMID: 38966071 PMCID: PMC11223582 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Decidual natural killer (dNK) cells are the most abundant immune cells at the maternal-fetal interface during early pregnancy in both mice and humans, and emerging single-cell transcriptomic studies have uncovered various human dNK subsets that are disrupted in patients experiencing recurrent early pregnancy loss (RPL) at early gestational stage, suggesting a connection between abnormal proportions or characteristics of dNK subsets and RPL pathogenesis. However, the functional mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. Here, we established a mouse model by adoptively transferring human dNK cells into pregnant NOG (NOD/Shi-scid/IL-2Rγnull) mice, where human dNK cells predominantly homed into the uteri of recipients. Using this model, we observed a strong correlation between the properties of human dNK cells and pregnancy outcome. The transfer of dNK cells from RPL patients (dNK-RPL) remarkably worsened early pregnancy loss and impaired placental trophoblast cell differentiation in the recipients. These adverse effects were effectively reversed by transferring CD56+CD39+ dNK cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that CD56+CD39+ dNK subset facilitates early differentiation of mouse trophoblast stem cells (mTSCs) towards both invasive and syncytial pathways through secreting macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF). Administration of recombinant M-CSF to NOG mice transferred with dNK-RPL efficiently rescued the exacerbated pregnancy outcomes and fetal/placental development. Collectively, this study established a novel humanized mouse model featuring functional human dNK cells homing into the uteri of recipients and uncovered the pivotal role of M-CSF in fetal-supporting function of CD56+CD39+ dNK cells during early pregnancy, highlighting that M-CSF may be a previously unappreciated therapeutic target for intervening RPL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentong Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Stem cell and Reproductive Biology, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Liyang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Stem cell and Reproductive Biology, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem cell and Reproductive Biology, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Feiyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem cell and Reproductive Biology, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Qian Yang
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Reproductive Health Drug and Devices, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiaoye Wang
- National Clinical Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Mengjie Fan
- National Clinical Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yan Gu
- Department of Family Planning, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Ran Meng
- Department of Prenatal Screening, Haidian Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Jian Wang
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Reproductive Health Drug and Devices, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yuxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem cell and Reproductive Biology, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Rong Li
- National Clinical Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xuan Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem cell and Reproductive Biology, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Yan-Ling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem cell and Reproductive Biology, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
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5
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Zhao X, Cai X, Zhu H, Dang Q, Yang Q, Zhu Y, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Jiang X, Hu Z, Wei Y, Xiao R, Yu H. 27-Hydroxycholesterol inhibits trophoblast fusion during placenta development by activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:849-863. [PMID: 38180513 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03664-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Trophoblast cell syncytialization is essential for placental and fetal development. Abnormal trophoblast cell fusion leads to pregnancy pathologies, such as preeclampsia (PE), intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and miscarriage. 27-hydroxycholesterol (27-OHC) is the most abundant oxysterol in human peripheral blood synthesized by sterol 27-hydroxylase (CYP27A1) and is considered a critical mediator between hypercholesterolemia and a variety of related disorders. Gestational hypercholesterolemia was associated with spontaneous preterm delivery and low birth weight (LBW) in term infants, yet the mechanism is unclear. In this study, two trophoblast cell models and CD-1 mice were used to evaluate the effects of 27-OHC on trophoblast fusion during placenta development. Two different kinds of trophoblast cells received a dosage of 2.5, 5, or 10 uM 27-OHC. Three groups of pregnant mice were randomly assigned: control, full treatment (E0.5-E17.5), or late treatment (E13.5-E17.5). All mice received daily intraperitoneal injections of saline (control group) and 27-OHC (treatment group; 5.5 mg/kg). In vitro experiments, we found that 27-OHC inhibited trophoblast cell fusion in primary human trophoblasts (PHT) and forskolin (FSK)-induced BeWo cells. 27-OHC up-regulated the expression of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway-related proteins. Moreover, the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 rescued the inhibitory effect of 27-OHC. Inhibition of trophoblast cell fusion by 27-OHC was also observed in CD-1 mice. Furthermore, fetal weight and placental efficiency decreased and fetal blood vessel development was inhibited in pregnant mice treated with 27-OHC. This study was the first to prove that 27-OHC inhibits trophoblast cell fusion by Activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. This study reveals a novel mechanism by which dyslipidemia during pregnancy results in adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaxia Cai
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Zhu
- FuXing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinyu Dang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Yandi Zhu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Yadi Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengling Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyin Jiang
- Departments of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Brooklyn College of City University of New York, New York, NY, 11210, USA
| | - Zhuo Hu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchen Wei
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Xiao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanling Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.
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Jackson BL, Shafique S, Natale BV, Natale DRC, Winn LM. Investigating the effects of valproic acid on placental epigenetic modifications and development in the CD-1 mouse model. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 124:108551. [PMID: 38280688 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Gestational exposure to the anticonvulsant drug valproic acid (VPA) is associated with congenital malformations and neurodevelopmental disorders through its action as a histone deacetylase inhibitor. VPA can elicit placental toxicity and affect placental growth and development. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of maternal exposure to VPA on the mouse placenta following exposure on gestational day (GD) 13 since previous studies have shown that mice exposed at this time during gestation give birth to offspring with an autism spectrum disorder-like phenotype. We exposed CD-1 dams to a teratogenic dose (600 mg/kg) of VPA or saline on GD13 and assessed fetoplacental growth and development on GD18. We evaluated epigenetic modifications, including acetylated histone H4 (H4ac), methylated H3K4 (H3K4me2) using immunohistochemistry, and global DNA methylation in the placenta at 1, 3, and 24 h following maternal exposure on GD13. In utero exposure to VPA on GD13 significantly decreased placental weight and increased fetal resorptions. Moreover, VPA significantly increased the staining intensity of histone H4 acetylation and H3K4 di-methylation across the placenta at 1 and 3 h post maternal dose. Our results also demonstrate that VPA significantly decreased global DNA methylation levels in placental tissue. These results show that gestational exposure to VPA interferes with placental growth and elicits epigenetic modifications, which may play a vital role in VPA-induced developmental toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna L Jackson
- Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada; Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Sidra Shafique
- Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada; Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Bryony V Natale
- Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada; Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - David R C Natale
- Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada; Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Louise M Winn
- Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada; Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada; School of Environmental Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada.
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7
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Moore NP, Bogaards JJP, Buscher BAP, Wolterbeek APM, Cnubben NHP. Disposition of glycolic acid into the embryo following oral administration of ethylene glycol during placentation in the rat and rabbit. Toxicol Sci 2024; 198:31-39. [PMID: 38175793 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
In order to evaluate the role of the placenta in the etiology of ethylene glycol (EG) developmental toxicity, the distribution of EG and its main metabolites, glycolic acid (GA) and oxalic acid (OX), into the conceptus was determined at the beginning and completion of placentation in the rat and rabbit. Two groups (n = 28) of timed-pregnant Wistar rats were administered EG (1000 mg/kg bw/day, oral gavage) from gestation day (GD) 6 to either GD 11 or GD 16; similarly, two groups (n = 28) of timed-pregnant New Zealand White rabbits were administered EG from GD 6 to either GD 10 or GD 19. Four animals from each group were sacrificed at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, or 24 h after the final administration, and maternal blood, extraembryonic fluid, and embryonic tissue were removed for analysis of EG, GA, and OX. The three analytes were predominantly cleared from all compartments in both species within 24 h. Neither EG nor OX preferentially accumulated into the conceptus compartments, compared with the maternal blood, in either species. Critically, GA was preferentially accumulated from the maternal blood only into the rat embryo at GD 11, but not at GD 16 and not into the rabbit embryo at either GD 10 or GD 19. The accumulation of GA into the rat embryo, and its decline over the course of placentation, is discussed in relation to the expression of monocarboxylate transporter isoforms across the syncytiotrophoblast.
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8
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Ghosh A, Kumar R, Kumar RP, Ray S, Saha A, Roy N, Dasgupta P, Marsh C, Paul S. The GATA transcriptional program dictates cell fate equilibrium to establish the maternal-fetal exchange interface and fetal development. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2310502121. [PMID: 38346193 PMCID: PMC10895349 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2310502121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The placenta establishes a maternal-fetal exchange interface to transport nutrients and gases between the mother and the fetus. Establishment of this exchange interface relies on the development of multinucleated syncytiotrophoblasts (SynT) from trophoblast progenitors, and defect in SynT development often leads to pregnancy failure and impaired embryonic development. Here, we show that mouse embryos with conditional deletion of transcription factors GATA2 and GATA3 in labyrinth trophoblast progenitors (LaTPs) have underdeveloped placenta and die by ~embryonic day 9.5. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis revealed excessive accumulation of multipotent LaTPs upon conditional deletion of GATA factors. The GATA factor-deleted multipotent progenitors were unable to differentiate into matured SynTs. We also show that the GATA factor-mediated priming of trophoblast progenitors for SynT differentiation is a conserved event during human placentation. Loss of either GATA2 or GATA3 in cytotrophoblast-derived human trophoblast stem cells (human TSCs) drastically inhibits SynT differentiation potential. Identification of GATA2 and GATA3 target genes along with comparative bioinformatics analyses revealed that GATA factors directly regulate hundreds of common genes in human TSCs, including genes that are essential for SynT development and implicated in preeclampsia and fetal growth retardation. Thus, our study uncovers a conserved molecular mechanism, in which coordinated function of GATA2 and GATA3 promotes trophoblast progenitor-to-SynT commitment, ensuring establishment of the maternal-fetal exchange interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananya Ghosh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Rajnish Kumar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
- Institute for Reproduction and Developmental Sciences, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Ram P Kumar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
- Institute for Reproduction and Developmental Sciences, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Soma Ray
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Abhik Saha
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Namrata Roy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Purbasa Dasgupta
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Courtney Marsh
- Institute for Reproduction and Developmental Sciences, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Soumen Paul
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
- Institute for Reproduction and Developmental Sciences, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
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9
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Mao Q, Ye Q, Xu Y, Jiang J, Fan Y, Zhuang L, Liu G, Wang T, Zhang Z, Feng T, Kong S, Lu J, Zhang H, Wang H, Lin CP. Murine trophoblast organoids as a model for trophoblast development and CRISPR-Cas9 screening. Dev Cell 2023; 58:2992-3008.e7. [PMID: 38056451 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The placenta becomes one of the most diversified organs during placental mammal radiation. The main in vitro model for studying mouse trophoblast development is the 2D differentiation model of trophoblast stem cells, which is highly skewed to certain lineages and thus hampers systematic screens. Here, we established culture conditions for the establishment, maintenance, and differentiation of murine trophoblast organoids. Murine trophoblast organoids under the maintenance condition contain stem cell-like populations, whereas differentiated organoids possess various trophoblasts resembling placental ones in vivo. Ablation of Nubpl or Gcm1 in trophoblast organoids recapitulated their deficiency phenotypes in vivo, suggesting that those organoids are valid in vitro models for trophoblast development. Importantly, we performed an efficient CRISPR-Cas9 screening in mouse trophoblast organoids using a focused sgRNA (single guide RNA) library targeting G protein-coupled receptors. Together, our results establish an organoid model to investigate mouse trophoblast development and a practicable approach to performing forward screening in trophoblast lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Mao
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Qinying Ye
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yiwen Xu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Jingwei Jiang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yunhao Fan
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Lili Zhuang
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Guohui Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Tengfei Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Zhenwu Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Teng Feng
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Shuangbo Kong
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jinhua Lu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Haopeng Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Chao-Po Lin
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
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10
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Manisha DS, Ratheesh AK, Benny S, Presanna AT. Heterocyclic and non-heterocyclic arena of monocarboxylate transporter inhibitors to battle tumorigenesis. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:1604-1617. [PMID: 37688395 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) have gained significant attention in cancer research due to their critical role in tumour metabolism. MCTs are legends for transporting lactate molecules in cancer cells, an oncometabolite and waste product of glycolysis, acting as an indispensable factor of tumour proliferation. Targeting MCTs with inhibitors has emerged as a promising strategy to combat tumorigenesis. This article summarizes the most recent research on MCT inhibitors in preventing carcinogenesis, covering both heterocyclic and non-heterocyclic compounds. Heterocyclic and non-heterocyclic compounds such as pteridine, pyrazole, indole, flavonoids, coumarin derivatives and cyanoacetic acid derivatives have been reported as potent MCT inhibitors. We examine the molecular underpinnings of MCTs in cancer metabolism, the design and synthesis of heterocyclic and non-heterocyclic MCT inhibitors, their impact on tumour cells and the microenvironment and their potential as therapeutic agents. Moreover, we explore the challenges associated with MCT inhibitor development and propose future directions for advancing this field. This write-up aims to provide researchers, scientists and clinicians with a comprehensive understanding of the heterocyclic and non-heterocyclic MCT inhibitors and their potential in combating tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepthi S Manisha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Anandu Kizhakkedath Ratheesh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Sonu Benny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Aneesh Thankappan Presanna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, Kerala, India
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11
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Pronovost GN, Yu KB, Coley-O’Rourke EJ, Telang SS, Chen AS, Vuong HE, Williams DW, Chandra A, Rendon TK, Paramo J, Kim RH, Hsiao EY. The maternal microbiome promotes placental development in mice. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadk1887. [PMID: 37801498 PMCID: PMC10558122 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk1887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
The maternal microbiome is an important regulator of gestational health, but how it affects the placenta as the interface between mother and fetus remains unexplored. Here, we show that the maternal gut microbiota supports placental development in mice. Depletion of the maternal gut microbiota restricts placental growth and impairs feto-placental vascularization. The maternal gut microbiota modulates metabolites in the maternal and fetal circulation. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) stimulate cultured endothelial cell tube formation and prevent abnormalities in placental vascularization in microbiota-deficient mice. Furthermore, in a model of maternal malnutrition, gestational supplementation with SCFAs prevents placental growth restriction and vascular insufficiency. These findings highlight the importance of host-microbial symbioses during pregnancy and reveal that the maternal gut microbiome promotes placental growth and vascularization in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey N. Pronovost
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kristie B. Yu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Elena J. L. Coley-O’Rourke
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sahil S. Telang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Angela S. Chen
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Helen E. Vuong
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Drake W. Williams
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anisha Chandra
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tomiko K. Rendon
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jorge Paramo
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Reuben H. Kim
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Elaine Y. Hsiao
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- UCLA Goodman-Luskin Microbiome Center, Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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12
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Natale BV, Kotadia R, Gustin K, Harihara A, Min S, Kreisman MJ, Breen KM, Natale DR. Extracellular Matrix Influences Gene Expression and Differentiation of Mouse Trophoblast Stem Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2023; 32:622-637. [PMID: 37463089 PMCID: PMC10561768 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2022.0290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Trophoblast stem (TS) cells were first isolated from the mouse placenta; however, little is known about their maintenance and niche in vivo. TS cells, like other stem cells, have a unique microenvironment in which the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a component. Placental pathology is associated with ECM change. However, how these changes and the individual ECM components impact the maintenance or differentiation of TS cells has not been established. This study identified which ECM component(s) maintain the greatest expression of markers associated with undifferentiated mouse trophoblast stem (mTS) cells and which alter the profile of markers of differentiation based on mRNA analysis. mTS cells cultured on individual ECM components and subsequent quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that laminin promoted the expression of markers associated with undifferentiated TS cells, fibronectin promoted gene expression associated with syncytiotrophoblast (SynT) layer II cells, and collagen IV promoted the expression of genes associated with differentiated trophoblast. To investigate whether pathological placental ECM influenced the expression of genes associated with different trophoblast subtypes, the mouse model of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced pancreatic β cell ablation and diabetes was used. Female mice administered STZ (blood glucose ≥300 mg/dL) or control (blood glucose ≤150 mg/dL) were mated. Placental pathology at embryonic day (E)14.5 was confirmed with reduced fetal blood space area, reduced expression of the pericyte marker αSMA, and decreased expression of ECM proteins. mTS cells cultured on ECM isolated from STZ placenta were associated with reduced expression of undifferentiated mTS markers and increased expression of genes associated with terminally differentiated trophoblast [Gcm-1 and SynA (SynT) and junctional zone Tpbpa and Prl2c2]. Altogether, these results support the value of using ECM isolated from the placenta as a tool for understanding trophoblast contribution to placental pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryony V. Natale
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Ramie Kotadia
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Katarina Gustin
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Anirudha Harihara
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Sarah Min
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Michael J. Kreisman
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Kellie M. Breen
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - David R.C. Natale
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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13
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Bhurke A, Davila J, Flaws JA, Bagchi MK, Bagchi IC. Exposure to di-isononyl phthalate during early pregnancy disrupts decidual angiogenesis and placental development in mice. Reprod Toxicol 2023; 120:108446. [PMID: 37482143 PMCID: PMC10683654 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Di-isononyl phthalate (DiNP), an endocrine-disrupting chemical, is found in numerous consumer products and human exposure to this phthalate is becoming inevitable. The impact of DiNP exposure on the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy remains largely unknown. Thus, we conducted studies in which pregnant mice were exposed to an environmentally relevant dose (20 µg/kg BW/day) of DiNP on days 1-7 of gestation, then analyzed the effects of this exposure on pregnancy outcome. Our studies revealed that exposure to DiNP during this window led to fetal loss towards the end of gestation. Further studies showed that, although embryos were able to attach to the uterus, implantation sites in DiNP-exposed uteri exhibited impaired differentiation of stromal cells to decidual cells and an underdeveloped angiogenic network in the decidual bed. We also found that exposure to this phthalate has a significant effect on trophoblast differentiation and causes disorganization of the placental layers. The labyrinth was significantly reduced, resulting in compromised expression of nutrient transporters in the placentas of mice exposed to DiNP. These placental defects in DiNP-exposed females were the cause of fetal loss during the later stages of gestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Bhurke
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Institute of Urbana, IL, USA; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Institute of Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Juanmahel Davila
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Institute of Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Institute of Urbana, IL, USA; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Institute of Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Milan K Bagchi
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Institute of Urbana, IL, USA; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Institute of Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Indrani C Bagchi
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Institute of Urbana, IL, USA; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Institute of Urbana, IL, USA.
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14
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Zhang L, Wang S, Ma Y, Song Y, Li D, Liang X, Hao Y, Jiang M, Lv J, Du H. Shoutai Wan regulates glycolysis imbalance at the maternal-fetal interface in threatened abortion mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 312:116502. [PMID: 37068718 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Threatened abortion is a common disease among women of childbearing age. Its high incidence rate and unclear etiology, seriously threaten women's physical and mental health. Shoutai Wan (STW) is a traditional Chinese medicine decoction for treating abortion. It has a long history of treating threatened abortion by tonifying the kidney and calming the fetus. However, the mechanism of STW remains unclear. AIM OF STUDY To study the mechanism and potential benefit of STW in pregnant mice with hydrocortisone and mifepristone-induced threatened abortion. MATERIALS AND METHODS The STW compounds were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. STW-H, STW-M, or STW-L was separately given 3 mg/ml, 1.5 mg/ml and 0.75 mg/ml STW in the morning, and 2 mg/ml hydrocortisone in the afternoon from gestation day (D) 1-9 and once with 0.4 mg/kg mifepristone on D10. Didroxyprogesterone (0.1 mg/ml) and equal dose pure water were used to replace STW in didroxyprogesterone (DYD) group and model group respectively. The control group used pure water to replace STW, hydrocortisone, and mifepristone. We performed morphological and histological analyses of the maternal-fetal interface on day 10. RESULTS The embryo loss rate in the STW-H and DYD groups was lower than that in the model group. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining suggested that the morphology of maternal-fetal interface was improved in the STW-H and DYD groups. Immunohistochemical (IHC), Quantitative Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reactionstaining (qRT-PCR), and Western blot (WB) results indicated that HIF-1α expression in the maternal-fetal interface of the STW-H and DYD groups was higher than that in model group. The activities of HK, PKM, LDH and the concentration of lactic acid in the STW-H and DYD groups were higher than those in model group. Furthermore, the protein and mRNA levels of HK2, PKM2, LDHA, MCT4, and GPR81 were higher in the STW-H and DYD groups than those in the model group. CONCLUSIONS STW can reduce the pregnancy loss rate by regulating the glycolysis balance at the maternal-fetal interface of kidney deficiency threatened abortion model mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Shuhui Wang
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Yucong Ma
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Yajing Song
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Dandan Li
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Yanzhi Hao
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Min Jiang
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Jingfang Lv
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Huilan Du
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.
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15
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Hiver S, Shimizu-Mizuno N, Ikawa Y, Kajikawa E, Sai X, Nishimura H, Takaoka K, Nishimura O, Kuraku S, Tanaka S, Hamada H. Gse1, a component of the CoREST complex, is required for placenta development in the mouse. Dev Biol 2023; 498:97-105. [PMID: 37019373 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2023.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Gse1 is a component of the CoREST complex that acts as an H3K4 and H3K9 demethylase and regulates gene expression. Here, we examined the expression and role of Gse1 in mouse development. Gse1 is expressed in male and female germ cells and plays both maternal and zygotic roles. Thus, maternal deletion of Gse1 results in a high incidence of prenatal death, and zygotic deletion leads to embryonic lethality from embryonic day 12.5 (E12.5) and perinatal death. Gse1 is expressed in the junctional zone and the labyrinth of the developing placenta. Cultured trophoblast stem cells lacking Gse1 showed impaired in vitro cell differentiation into spongiotrophoblasts. Gse1 mutant (Gse1Δex3/Δex3) placenta begins to exhibit histological defects from E14.5, being deficient in MCT4+ syncytiotrophoblast II. The number of various cell types was largely maintained in the mutant placenta at E10.5, but several genes were upregulated in giant trophoblasts at E10.5. Placenta-specific deletion of Gse1 with Tat-Cre suggested that defects in Gse1Δex3/Δex3 embryos are due to placental function deficiency. These results suggest that Gse1 is required for placental development in mice, and in turn, is essential for embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Hiver
- Laboratory for Organismal Patterning, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Natsumi Shimizu-Mizuno
- Laboratory for Organismal Patterning, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan.
| | - Yayoi Ikawa
- Laboratory for Organismal Patterning, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Eriko Kajikawa
- Laboratory for Organismal Patterning, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Xiaorei Sai
- Laboratory for Organismal Patterning, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Hiromi Nishimura
- Laboratory for Organismal Patterning, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Katsuyoshi Takaoka
- Laboratory for Organismal Patterning, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Osamu Nishimura
- Laboratory for Phyloinformatics, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Kuraku
- Laboratory for Phyloinformatics, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Satoshi Tanaka
- Department of Animal Resource Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hamada
- Laboratory for Organismal Patterning, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan.
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16
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A differentiation roadmap of murine placentation at single-cell resolution. Cell Discov 2023; 9:30. [PMID: 36928215 PMCID: PMC10020559 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-022-00513-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The placenta is one of the most important yet least understood organs. Due to the limitations of conventional research approaches, we are still far from a comprehensive understanding of mouse placentation, especially regarding the differentiation of trophoblast lineages at the early developmental stage. To decipher cell compositions and developmental processes, we systematically profile the single-cell transcriptomes of trophoblast cells from extraembryonic tissues (embryonic day 7.5 (E7.5) and E8.5) and placentae (E9.5-E14.5) at one-day intervals. We identify distinct trophoblast cell types during mouse placentation, including unreported progenitor cells and intermediate precursor cells. An updated differentiation roadmap of mouse trophoblast lineages is presented following systematic transcriptome analyses. Based on transcriptomic regulatory network inference, we specify transcription factors responsible for the regulation of dynamic developmental processes during lineage diversification. We map lineage differentiation trajectories and find that sinusoid trophoblast giant cells arise from the subpopulation of ectoplacental cone cells. We provide a comprehensive single-cell data resource to shed light on future mechanistic studies of the gene regulatory networks governing hemochorial placentation.
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17
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Pronovost GN, Telang SS, Chen AS, Coley EJ, Vuong HE, Williams DW, Yu KB, Rendon TK, Paramo J, Kim RH, Hsiao EY. The maternal microbiome promotes placental development in mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.15.528712. [PMID: 36824779 PMCID: PMC9948959 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.15.528712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
The maternal microbiome is an important regulator of gestational health, but how it impacts the placenta as the interface between mother and fetus remains unexplored. Here we show that the maternal gut microbiota supports placental development in mice. Depletion of the maternal gut microbiota restricts placental growth and impairs feto-placental vascularization. The maternal gut microbiota modulates metabolites in the maternal and fetal circulation. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) stimulate angiogenesis-related tube formation by endothelial cells and prevent abnormalities in placental vascularization in microbiota-deficient mice. Furthermore, in a model of maternal malnutrition, gestational supplementation with SCFAs prevents placental growth restriction and vascular insufficiency. These findings highlight the importance of host-microbial symbioses during pregnancy and reveal that the maternal gut microbiome promotes placental growth and vascularization in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey N. Pronovost
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles; Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sahil S. Telang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles; Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Angela S. Chen
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles; Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Elena J.L. Coley
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles; Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Helen E. Vuong
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles; Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Drake W. Williams
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, University of California Los Angeles; Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kristie B. Yu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles; Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tomiko K. Rendon
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles; Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jorge Paramo
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles; Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Reuben H. Kim
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, University of California Los Angeles; Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Elaine Y. Hsiao
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles; Los Angeles, CA, USA
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18
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Andrews S, Krueger C, Mellado-Lopez M, Hemberger M, Dean W, Perez-Garcia V, Hanna CW. Mechanisms and function of de novo DNA methylation in placental development reveals an essential role for DNMT3B. Nat Commun 2023; 14:371. [PMID: 36690623 PMCID: PMC9870994 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36019-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is a repressive epigenetic modification that is essential for development, exemplified by the embryonic and perinatal lethality observed in mice lacking de novo DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs). Here we characterise the role for DNMT3A, 3B and 3L in gene regulation and development of the mouse placenta. We find that each DNMT establishes unique aspects of the placental methylome through targeting to distinct chromatin features. Loss of Dnmt3b results in de-repression of germline genes in trophoblast lineages and impaired formation of the maternal-foetal interface in the placental labyrinth. Using Sox2-Cre to delete Dnmt3b in the embryo, leaving expression intact in placental cells, the placental phenotype was rescued and, consequently, the embryonic lethality, as Dnmt3b null embryos could now survive to birth. We conclude that de novo DNA methylation by DNMT3B during embryogenesis is principally required to regulate placental development and function, which in turn is critical for embryo survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Andrews
- Bioinformatics Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Christel Krueger
- Bioinformatics Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK
- Epigenetics Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK
- Bioinformatics Innovation Hub, Altos Labs Cambridge Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Myriam Hemberger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Wendy Dean
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Courtney W Hanna
- Epigenetics Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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19
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Shrestha P, Whelchel AE, Nicholas SE, Liang W, Ma JX, Karamichos D. Monocarboxylate Transporters: Role and Regulation in Corneal Diabetes. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2022; 2022:6718566. [PMID: 36340268 PMCID: PMC9629935 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6718566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases that is known to cause structural and functional ocular complications. In the human cornea, DM-related complications affect the epithelium, stroma, and nerves. Monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) are a family of proton-linked plasma membrane transporters that carry monocarboxylates across plasma membranes. In the context of corneal health and disease, their role, presence, and function are largely undetermined and solely focused on the most common MCT isoforms, 1 through 4. In this study, we investigated the regulation of MCT1, 2, 4, 5, 8, and 10, in corneal DM, using established 3D self-assembled extracellular matrix (ECM) in vitro models. Primary stromal corneal fibroblasts were isolated from healthy (HCFs), type I (T1DMs), and type II (T2DMs) DM donors. Monoculture 3D constructs were created by stimulating stromal cells on transwells with stable vitamin C for two or four weeks. Coculture 3D constructs were created by adding SH-SY5Y neurons at two different densities, 12 k and 500 k, on top of the monocultures. Our data showed significant upregulation of MCT1 at 4 weeks for HCF, T1DM, and T2DM monocultures, as well as the 500 k nerve cocultures. MCT8 was significantly upregulated in HCF and T1DM monocultures and all of the 500 k nerve cocultures. Further, MCT10 was only expressed at 4 weeks for all cocultures and was limited to HCFs and T1DMs in monocultures. Immunofluorescence analysis showed cytoplasmic MCT expression for all cell types and significant downregulation of both MCT2 and MCT4 in HCFs, when compared to T1DMs and T2DMs. Herein, we reveal the existence and modulation of MCTs in the human diabetic cornea in vitro. Changes appeared dependent on neuronal density, suggesting that MCTs are very likely critical to the neuronal defects observed in diabetic keratopathy/neuropathy. Further studies are warranted in order to fully delineate the role of MCTs in corneal diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawan Shrestha
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3430 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Amy E. Whelchel
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 940 Stanton L Young Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Sarah E. Nicholas
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3430 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Wentao Liang
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 940 Stanton L Young Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, 575 N Patterson Ave, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | - Jian-Xing Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, 575 N Patterson Ave, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | - Dimitrios Karamichos
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3430 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
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20
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Yao R, Yang P, Goetzinger KR, Atkins KL, Shen WB, Wang B, Yang P. Maternal obesity-associated disruption of polarized lactate transporter MCT4 expression in human placenta. Reprod Toxicol 2022; 112:1-6. [PMID: 35750090 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2022.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Maternal obesity is associated with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes including stillbirth, and their etiology is thought to be related to placental and fetal hypoxia. In this study, we sought to investigate the levels of lactate in maternal and umbilical cord blood, a well characterized biomarker for hypoxia, and expression of plasma membrane lactate transporter MCT1 and MCT4 in the placental syncytiotrophoblast (STB), which are responsible for lactate uptake and extrusion, respectively, from pregnant women with a diagnosis of obesity following a Cesarean delivery at term. With use of approaches including immunofluorescence staining, Western blot, RT-qPCR and ELISA, our results revealed that in controls the expression of MCT1 was equally observed between basal (fetal-facing, BM) and microvillous (maternal-facing, MVM) membrane of the STB, whereas MCT4 was predominantly expressed in the MVM but barely detected in the BM. However, obese patients demonstrated significant decreased MCT4 abundance in the MVM coupled with concurrent elevated expression in the BM. We also found a linear trend toward decreasing MCT4 expression ratio of MVM to BM with increasing maternal pre-pregnancy BMI. Furthermore, our data showed that the lactate ratios of fetal cord arterial to maternal blood were remarkably reduced in obese samples compared to their normal counterparts. Collectively, these results suggest that the loss of polarization of lactate transporter MCT4 expression in placental STB leading to disruption of unidirectional lactate transport from the fetal to the maternal compartment may constitute part of mechanisms linking maternal obesity and pathogenesis of stillbirth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruofan Yao
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Penghua Yang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Katherine R Goetzinger
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kristin L Atkins
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Howard University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Wei-Bin Shen
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bingbing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peixin Yang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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21
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Inefficient development of syncytiotrophoblasts in the Atp11a-deficient mouse placenta. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2200582119. [PMID: 35476530 PMCID: PMC9170144 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2200582119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasma membranes are composed of a lipid bilayer in which phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) is confined to the inner leaflet by the action of flippase that translocates PtdSer from the outer to inner leaflets. Two P4-ATPases (ATP11A and ATP11C) work as flippase at plasma membranes. Here, we report that the mouse placenta expresses only ATP11A, and Atp11a-deficient mouse embryos die during embryogenesis due to inefficient formation of syncytiotrophoblasts in the placental labyrinth. The flippase-null mutation inactivates human choriocarcinoma BeWo cells to translocate PtdSer into the inner leaflet and undergo cell fusion. These findings highlight the importance of flippase to regulate the distribution of phospholipids for cell fusion, at least in trophoblast fusion. The P4-ATPases ATP11A and ATP11C function as flippases at the plasma membrane to translocate phosphatidylserine from the outer to the inner leaflet. We herein demonstrated that Atp11a-deficient mouse embryos died at approximately E14.5 with thin-walled heart ventricles. However, the cardiomyocyte- or epiblast-specific Atp11a deletion did not affect mouse development or mortality. ATP11C may have compensated for the function of ATP11A in most of the cell types in the embryo. On the other hand, Atp11a, but not Atp11c, was expressed in the mouse placenta, and the Atp11a-null mutation caused poor development of the labyrinthine layer with an increased number of TUNEL-positive foci. Immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy revealed a disorganized labyrinthine layer with unfused trophoblasts in the Atp11a-null placenta. Human placenta-derived choriocarcinoma BeWo cells expressed the ATP11A and ATP11C genes. A lack of ATP11A and ATP11C eliminated the ability of BeWo cells to flip phosphatidylserine and fuse when treated with forskolin. These results indicate that flippases at the plasma membrane play an important role in the formation of syncytiotrophoblasts in placental development.
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22
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Hummel GL, Austin K, Cunningham-Hollinger HC. Comparing the maternal-fetal microbiome of humans and cattle: a translational assessment of the reproductive, placental, and fetal gut microbiomes. Biol Reprod 2022; 107:371-381. [PMID: 35412586 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioac067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An analysis of sites within the maternal reproductive microbiome that potentially contribute to fetal gut microbial colonization, with a special focus on the comparison between humans and cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwendolynn L Hummel
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, 82071
| | - Kathleen Austin
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, 82071
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23
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Sandovici I, Georgopoulou A, Pérez-García V, Hufnagel A, López-Tello J, Lam BYH, Schiefer SN, Gaudreau C, Santos F, Hoelle K, Yeo GSH, Burling K, Reiterer M, Fowden AL, Burton GJ, Branco CM, Sferruzzi-Perri AN, Constância M. The imprinted Igf2-Igf2r axis is critical for matching placental microvasculature expansion to fetal growth. Dev Cell 2022; 57:63-79.e8. [PMID: 34963058 PMCID: PMC8751640 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In all eutherian mammals, growth of the fetus is dependent upon a functional placenta, but whether and how the latter adapts to putative fetal signals is currently unknown. Here, we demonstrate, through fetal, endothelial, hematopoietic, and trophoblast-specific genetic manipulations in the mouse, that endothelial and fetus-derived IGF2 is required for the continuous expansion of the feto-placental microvasculature in late pregnancy. The angiocrine effects of IGF2 on placental microvasculature expansion are mediated, in part, through IGF2R and angiopoietin-Tie2/TEK signaling. Additionally, IGF2 exerts IGF2R-ERK1/2-dependent pro-proliferative and angiogenic effects on primary feto-placental endothelial cells ex vivo. Endothelial and fetus-derived IGF2 also plays an important role in trophoblast morphogenesis, acting through Gcm1 and Synb. Thus, our study reveals a direct role for the imprinted Igf2-Igf2r axis on matching placental development to fetal growth and establishes the principle that hormone-like signals from the fetus play important roles in controlling placental microvasculature and trophoblast morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ionel Sandovici
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SW, UK; Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science and Medical Research Council Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK.
| | - Aikaterini Georgopoulou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SW, UK; Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Vicente Pérez-García
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK; Epigenetics Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK; Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Eduardo Primo Yúfera, 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonia Hufnagel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SW, UK
| | - Jorge López-Tello
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Brian Y H Lam
- Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science and Medical Research Council Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Samira N Schiefer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SW, UK
| | - Chelsea Gaudreau
- Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science and Medical Research Council Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Fátima Santos
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK; Epigenetics Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Katharina Hoelle
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SW, UK
| | - Giles S H Yeo
- Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science and Medical Research Council Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Keith Burling
- Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science and Medical Research Council Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Moritz Reiterer
- Physiological Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK; Center for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Abigail L Fowden
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Graham J Burton
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Cristina M Branco
- Physiological Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK; Center for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Amanda N Sferruzzi-Perri
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Miguel Constância
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SW, UK; Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science and Medical Research Council Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK.
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24
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Medina Y, Acosta L, Reppetti J, Corominas A, Bustamante J, Szpilbarg N, Damiano AE. Lactic Acid Transport Mediated by Aquaporin-9: Implications on the Pathophysiology of Preeclampsia. Front Physiol 2021; 12:774095. [PMID: 34925067 PMCID: PMC8678610 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.774095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporin-9 (AQP9) expression is significantly increased in preeclamptic placentas. Since feto-maternal water transfer is not altered in preeclampsia, the main role of AQP9 in human placenta is unclear. Given that AQP9 is also a metabolite channel, we aimed to evaluate the participation of AQP9 in lactate transfer across the human placenta. Explants from normal term placentas were cultured in low glucose medium with or without L-lactic acid and in the presence and absence of AQP9 blockers (0.3 mM HgCl2 or 0.5 mM Phloretin). Cell viability was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay and lactate dehydrogenase release. Apoptotic indexes were analyzed by Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and Terminal Deoxynucleotidyltransferase-Mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling assay. Heavy/large and light/small mitochondrial subpopulations were obtained by differential centrifugation, and AQP9 expression was detected by Western blot. We found that apoptosis was induced when placental explants were cultured in low glucose medium while the addition of L-lactic acid prevented cell death. In this condition, AQP9 blocking increased the apoptotic indexes. We also confirmed the presence of two mitochondrial subpopulations which exhibit different morphologic and metabolic states. Western blot revealed AQP9 expression only in the heavy/large mitochondrial subpopulation. This is the first report that shows that AQP9 is expressed in the heavy/large mitochondrial subpopulation of trophoblasts. Thus, AQP9 may mediate not only the lactic acid entrance into the cytosol but also into the mitochondria. Consequently, its lack of functionality in preeclamptic placentas may impair lactic acid utilization by the placenta, adversely affecting the survival of the trophoblast cells and enhancing the systemic endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yollyseth Medina
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay (IFIBIO)- CONICET- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucas Acosta
- Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud (CAECIHS), Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julieta Reppetti
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay (IFIBIO)- CONICET- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana Corominas
- Hospital Nacional Prof. A Posadas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juanita Bustamante
- Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud (CAECIHS), Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Natalia Szpilbarg
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay (IFIBIO)- CONICET- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alicia E Damiano
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay (IFIBIO)- CONICET- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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25
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Li K, Li Q, Bashir ST, Bany BM, Nowak RA. Loss of basigin expression in uterine cells leads to subfertility in female mice†. Biol Reprod 2021; 105:859-875. [PMID: 34106247 PMCID: PMC8511667 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioab109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Basigin (BSG) is a transmembrane glycoprotein involved in cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and tissue remodeling. BSG has been shown to be essential for male and female reproduction although little is known about its role in normal uterine function. To study the potential function of BSG in the female reproductive tract, we generated mice with conditional knockout of Bsg in uterine cells using progesterone receptor-Cre and hypothesized that BSG is required for normal pregnancy in mice. Fertility study data showed that the conditional knockout mice had significantly reduced fertility compared to controls. Ovarian function of the conditional knockout mice appeared normal with no difference in the number of superovulated oocytes collected or in serum progesterone levels between the conditional knockout and the control mice. Uterine tissues collected at various times of gestation showed increased abnormalities in implantation, decidualization, placentation, and parturition in the conditional knockout mice. Uterine cross sections on Day 5 of pregnancy showed implantation failure and abnormal uterine epithelial differentiation in a large proportion of the conditional knockout mice. There was a compromised decidual response to artificial decidualization stimuli and decreased mRNA and protein levels for decidualization genes in the uteri of the conditional knockout mice. We also observed altered protein expression of monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1), as well as impaired angiogenesis in the conditional knockout uteri compared to the controls. These results support that BSG is required for successful pregnancy through its functions in implantation and decidualization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailiang Li
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Quanxi Li
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Shah Tauseef Bashir
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Brent M Bany
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Romana A Nowak
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
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26
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To VPTH, Masagounder K, Loewen ME. Critical transporters of methionine and methionine hydroxyl analogue supplements across the intestine: What we know so far and what can be learned to advance animal nutrition. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2021; 255:110908. [PMID: 33482339 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.110908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
DL-methionine (DL-Met) and its analogue DL-2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio) butanoic acid (DL-methionine hydroxyl analogue or DL-MHA) have been used as nutritional supplements in the diets of farmed raised animals. Knowledge of the intestinal transport mechanisms involved in these products is important for developing dietary strategies. This review provides updated information of the expression, function, and transport kinetics in the intestine of known Met-linked transporters along with putative MHA-linked transporters. As a neutral amino acid (AA), the transport of DL-Met is facilitated by multiple apical sodium-dependent/-independent high-/low-affinity transporters such as ASCT2, B0AT1 and rBAT/b0,+AT. The basolateral transport largely relies on the rate-limiting uniporter LAT4, while the presence of the basolateral antiporter y+LAT1 is probably necessary for exchanging intracellular cationic AAs and Met in the blood. In contrast, the intestinal transport kinetics of DL-MHA have been scarcely studied. DL-MHA transport is generally accepted to be mediated simply by the proton-dependent monocarboxylate transporter MCT1. However, in-depth mechanistic studies have indicated that DL-MHA transport is also achieved through apical sodium monocarboxylate transporters (SMCTs). In any case, reliance on either a proton or sodium gradient would thus require energy input for both Met and MHA transport. This expanding knowledge of the specific transporters involved now allows us to assess the effect of dietary ingredients on the expression and function of these transporters. Potentially, the resulting information could be furthered with selective breeding to reduce overall feed costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Pham Thi Ha To
- Veterinary Biomedical Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | | | - Matthew E Loewen
- Veterinary Biomedical Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
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27
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Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 6 (TRPV6) Proteins Control the Extracellular Matrix Structure of the Placental Labyrinth. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249674. [PMID: 33352987 PMCID: PMC7767235 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium-selective transient receptor potential Vanilloid 6 (TRPV6) channels are expressed in fetal labyrinth trophoblasts as part of the feto-maternal barrier, necessary for sufficient calcium supply, embryo growth, and bone development during pregnancy. Recently, we have shown a less- compact labyrinth morphology of Trpv6-deficient placentae, and reduced Ca2+ uptake of primary trophoblasts upon functional deletion of TRPV6. Trpv6-/- trophoblasts show a distinct calcium-dependent phenotype. Deep proteomic profiling of wt and Trpv6-/- primary trophoblasts using label-free quantitative mass spectrometry leads to the identification of 2778 proteins. Among those, a group of proteases, including high-temperature requirement A serine peptidase 1 (HTRA1) and different granzymes are more abundantly expressed in Trpv6-/- trophoblast lysates, whereas the extracellular matrix protein fibronectin and the fibronectin-domain-containing protein 3A (FND3A) were markedly reduced. Trpv6-/-placenta lysates contain a higher intrinsic proteolytic activity increasing fibronectin degradation. Our results show that the extracellular matrix formation of the placental labyrinth depends on TRPV6; its deletion in trophoblasts correlates with the increased expression of proteases controlling the extracellular matrix in the labyrinth during pregnancy.
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28
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Britt JL, Noorai RE, Duckett SK. Differentially expressed genes in cotyledon of ewes fed mycotoxins. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:680. [PMID: 32998709 PMCID: PMC7528493 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07074-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ergot alkaloids (E+) are mycotoxins produced by the endophytic fungus, Epichloë coenophiala, in tall fescue that are associated with ergotism in animals. Exposure to ergot alkaloids during gestation reduces fetal weight and placental mass in sheep. These reductions are related to vasoconstrictive effects of ergot alkaloids and potential alterations in nutrient transport to the fetus. Cotyledon samples were obtained from eight ewes that were fed E+ (n = 4; E+/E+) or E- (endophyte-free without ergot alkaloids; n = 4; E-/E-) seed during both mid (d 35 to 85) and late (d 85-133) gestation to assess differentially expressed genes associated with ergot alkaloid induced reductions in placental mass and fetal weight, and discover potential adaptive mechanisms to alter nutrient supply to fetus. RESULTS Ewes fed E+/E+ fescue seed during both mid and late gestation had 20% reduction in fetal body weight and 33% reduction in cotyledon mass compared to controls (E-/E-). Over 13,000 genes were identified with 110 upregulated and 33 downregulated. Four genes had a |log2FC| > 5 for ewes consuming E+/E+ treatment compared to controls: LECT2, SLC22A9, APOC3, and MBL2. REViGO revealed clusters of upregulated genes associated glucose, carbohydrates, lipid, protein, macromolecular and cellular metabolism, regulation of wound healing and response to starvation. For downregulated genes, no clusters were present, but all enriched GO terms were associated with anion and monocarboxylic acid transport. The complement and coagulation cascade and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling pathway were found to be enriched for ewes consuming E+/E+ treatment. CONCLUSIONS Consumption of ergot alkaloids during gestation altered the cotyledonary transcriptome specifically related to macronutrient metabolism, wound healing and starvation. These results show that ergot alkaloid exposure upregulates genes involved in nutrient metabolism to supply the fetus with additional substrates in attempts to rescue fetal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Britt
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - R E Noorai
- Clemson University Genomics and Bioinformatics Facility, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - S K Duckett
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA.
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Elbæk Madsen K, Mariager CØ, Duvald CS, Hansen ESS, Bertelsen LB, Pedersen M, Pedersen LH, Uldbjerg N, Laustsen C. Ex Vivo Human Placenta Perfusion, Metabolic and Functional Imaging for Obstetric Research-A Feasibility Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 5:333-338. [PMID: 31893231 PMCID: PMC6935991 DOI: 10.18383/j.tom.2019.00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Placenta metabolism is closely linked to pregnancy outcome, and few modalities are currently available for studying the human placenta. Here, we aimed to investigate a novel ex vivo human placenta perfusion system for metabolic imaging using hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate. The metabolic effects of 3 different human placentas were investigated using functional and metabolic magnetic resonance imaging. The placenta glucose metabolism and hemodynamics were characterized with hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate magnetic resonance imaging and by dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) imaging. Hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate showed a decrease in the 13C-lactate/13C-pyruvate ratio from the highest to the lowest metabolic active placenta. The metabolic profile was complemented by a more homogenous distributed hemodynamic response, with a longer mean transit time and higher blood volume. This study shows different placenta metabolic and hemodynamic features associated with the placenta functional status using hyperpolarized magnetic resonance ex vivo. This study supports further studies using ex vivo metabolic imaging of the placenta alterations associated with pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrine Elbæk Madsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, MR-Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Comparative Medicine Laboratory, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; and
| | | | - Christina S Duvald
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Comparative Medicine Laboratory, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; and
| | | | - Lotte Bonde Bertelsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, MR-Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Michael Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Comparative Medicine Laboratory, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; and
| | - Lars Henning Pedersen
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Aarhus University Hospital and Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Niels Uldbjerg
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Aarhus University Hospital and Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Christoffer Laustsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, MR-Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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30
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Characterization of the segmental transport mechanisms of DL-methionine hydroxy analogue along the intestinal tract of rainbow trout with an additional comparison to DL-methionine. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2020; 249:110776. [PMID: 32712085 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.110776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify the unknown transport mechanism of the extensively used monocarboxylate methionine feed supplement DL-methionine hydroxy analogue (DL-MHA) in rainbow trout intestine. Transport across the pyloric caeca (PC), midgut (MG), and hindgut (HG) regions were kinetically studied in Na+- and H+-dependent manners. Gene expression of monocarboxylate (MCTs) and sodium monocarboxylate transporters (SMCTs) were assessed. Results demonstrated that DL-MHA transport from 0.2-20 mM was Na+-dependent and obeyed Michaelis-Menten kinetics with low affinity in PC & MG in apical/basal pH of 7.7/7.7. Changes in apical/basal pH (6.0/6.0, 6.0/7.7, and 7.7/8.7) had insignificant effects on kinetics. In contrast, HG flux kinetics were only obtained in pH 7.7/8.7 or in the presence of lactate with medium affinity. Additionally, DL-MHA transport from 0-150 μM demonstrated the presence of a Na+-dependent high-affinity transporter in PC & MG. Conclusively, two distinct carrier-mediated DL-MHA transport mechanisms along the trout gut were found: 1) in PC & MG: apical transport was regulated by Na+-requiring systems that possibly contained low- and high-affinity transporters, and basolateral transport was primarily achieved through a H+-independent transporter; 2) in HG: uptake was apically mediated by a Na+-dependent transporter with medium affinity, and basolateral exit was largely controlled by an H+-dependent transporter. Finally, two major methionine feed supplements, DL-MHA and DL-methionine (DL-Met) were compared to understand the differences in their bioefficacy. Flux rates of DL-MHA were only about 42.2-66.0% in PC and MG compared to DL-Met, suggesting intestinal transport of DL-MHA was lower than DL-Met.
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31
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Bhattacharya B, Home P, Ganguly A, Ray S, Ghosh A, Islam MR, French V, Marsh C, Gunewardena S, Okae H, Arima T, Paul S. Atypical protein kinase C iota (PKCλ/ι) ensures mammalian development by establishing the maternal-fetal exchange interface. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:14280-14291. [PMID: 32513715 PMCID: PMC7322033 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1920201117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In utero mammalian development relies on the establishment of the maternal-fetal exchange interface, which ensures transportation of nutrients and gases between the mother and the fetus. This exchange interface is established via development of multinucleated syncytiotrophoblast cells (SynTs) during placentation. In mice, SynTs develop via differentiation of the trophoblast stem cell-like progenitor cells (TSPCs) of the placenta primordium, and in humans, SynTs are developed via differentiation of villous cytotrophoblast (CTB) progenitors. Despite the critical need in pregnancy progression, conserved signaling mechanisms that ensure SynT development are poorly understood. Herein, we show that atypical protein kinase C iota (PKCλ/ι) plays an essential role in establishing the SynT differentiation program in trophoblast progenitors. Loss of PKCλ/ι in the mouse TSPCs abrogates SynT development, leading to embryonic death at approximately embryonic day 9.0 (E9.0). We also show that PKCλ/ι-mediated priming of trophoblast progenitors for SynT differentiation is a conserved event during human placentation. PKCλ/ι is selectively expressed in the first-trimester CTBs of a developing human placenta. Furthermore, loss of PKCλ/ι in CTB-derived human trophoblast stem cells (human TSCs) impairs their SynT differentiation potential both in vitro and after transplantation in immunocompromised mice. Our mechanistic analyses indicate that PKCλ/ι signaling maintains expression of GCM1, GATA2, and PPARγ, which are key transcription factors to instigate SynT differentiation programs in both mouse and human trophoblast progenitors. Our study uncovers a conserved molecular mechanism, in which PKCλ/ι signaling regulates establishment of the maternal-fetal exchange surface by promoting trophoblast progenitor-to-SynT transition during placentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaswati Bhattacharya
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Pratik Home
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
- Institute for Reproduction and Perinatal Research, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Avishek Ganguly
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Soma Ray
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Ananya Ghosh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Md Rashedul Islam
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Valerie French
- Institute for Reproduction and Perinatal Research, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Courtney Marsh
- Institute for Reproduction and Perinatal Research, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Sumedha Gunewardena
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Hiroaki Okae
- Department of Informative Genetics, Environment and Genome Research Center, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Takahiro Arima
- Department of Informative Genetics, Environment and Genome Research Center, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Soumen Paul
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160;
- Institute for Reproduction and Perinatal Research, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
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32
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Zhang Y, Le T, Grabau R, Mohseni Z, Kim H, Natale DR, Feng L, Pan H, Yang H. TMEM16F phospholipid scramblase mediates trophoblast fusion and placental development. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaba0310. [PMID: 32494719 PMCID: PMC7202889 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba0310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Cell-cell fusion or syncytialization is fundamental to the reproduction, development, and homeostasis of multicellular organisms. In addition to various cell type-specific fusogenic proteins, cell surface externalization of phosphatidylserine (PS), a universal eat-me signal in apoptotic cells, has been observed in different cell fusion events. Nevertheless, the molecular underpinnings of PS externalization and cellular mechanisms of PS-facilitated cell-cell fusion are unclear. Here, we report that TMEM16F, a Ca2+-activated phospholipid scramblase (CaPLSase), plays an essential role in placental trophoblast fusion by translocating PS to cell surface independent of apoptosis. The placentas from the TMEM16F knockout mice exhibit deficiency in trophoblast syncytialization and placental development, which lead to perinatal lethality. We thus identified a new biological function of TMEM16F CaPLSase in trophoblast fusion and placental development. Our findings provide insight into understanding cell-cell fusion mechanism of other cell types and on mitigating pregnancy complications such as miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Trieu Le
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ryan Grabau
- The USF Health Heart Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Zahra Mohseni
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Hoejeong Kim
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - David R. Natale
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Liping Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Pan
- The USF Health Heart Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Huanghe Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Corresponding author.
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33
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Ma LN, Huang XB, Muyayalo KP, Mor G, Liao AH. Lactic Acid: A Novel Signaling Molecule in Early Pregnancy? Front Immunol 2020; 11:279. [PMID: 32180770 PMCID: PMC7057764 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aerobic glycolysis is a recognized feature shared by tumors, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid in their local microenvironments. Like the tumors, the blastocysts, placenta, trophoblasts and decidual immune cells can also produce a large amount of lactic acid through aerobic glycolysis during the early pregnancy. Moreover, the placenta expresses the transporters of the lactic acid. While several studies have described the role of lactic acid in the tumor microenvironment, especially lactic acid's modulation of immune cells, the role of lactic acid produced during pregnancy is still unclear. In this paper, we reviewed the scientific evidence detailing the effects of lactic acid in the tumor microenvironment. Based on the influence of the lactic acid on immune cells and tumors, we proposed that lactic acid released in the unique uterine environment could have similar effects on the trophoblast cells and immune cells during the early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Na Ma
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Huang
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kahindo P Muyayalo
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gil Mor
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,C.S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Ai-Hua Liao
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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34
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Outhwaite JE, Patel J, Simmons DG. Secondary Placental Defects in Cxadr Mutant Mice. Front Physiol 2019; 10:622. [PMID: 31338035 PMCID: PMC6628872 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Coxsackie virus and adenovirus receptor (CXADR) is an adhesion molecule known for its role in virus-cell interactions, epithelial integrity, and organogenesis. Loss of Cxadr causes numerous embryonic defects in mice, notably abnormal development of the cardiovascular system, and embryonic lethality. While CXADR expression has been reported in the placenta, the precise cellular localization and function within this tissue are unknown. Since impairments in placental development and function can cause secondary cardiovascular abnormalities, a phenomenon referred to as the placenta-heart axis, it is possible placental phenotypes in Cxadr mutant embryos may underlie the reported cardiovascular defects and embryonic lethality. In the current study, we determine the cellular localization of placental Cxadr expression and whether there are placental abnormalities in the absence of Cxadr. In the placenta, CXADR is expressed specifically by trophoblast labyrinth progenitors as well as cells of the visceral yolk sac (YS). In the absence of Cxadr, we observed altered expression of angiogenic factors coupled with poor expansion of trophoblast and fetal endothelial cell subpopulations, plus diminished placental transport. Unexpectedly, preserving endogenous trophoblast Cxadr expression revealed the placental defects to be secondary to primary embryonic and/or YS phenotypes. Moreover, further tissue-restricted deletions of Cxadr suggest that the secondary placental defects are likely influenced by embryonic lineages such as the fetal endothelium or those within the extraembryonic YS vascular plexus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E Outhwaite
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jatin Patel
- Translational Research Institute, UQ Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - David G Simmons
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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35
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Koutelou E, Wang L, Schibler AC, Chao HP, Kuang X, Lin K, Lu Y, Shen J, Jeter CR, Salinger A, Wilson M, Chen YC, Atanassov BS, Tang DG, Dent SYR. USP22 controls multiple signaling pathways that are essential for vasculature formation in the mouse placenta. Development 2019; 146:dev.174037. [PMID: 30718289 DOI: 10.1242/dev.174037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
USP22, a component of the SAGA complex, is overexpressed in highly aggressive cancers, but the normal functions of this deubiquitinase are not well defined. We determined that loss of USP22 in mice results in embryonic lethality due to defects in extra-embryonic placental tissues and failure to establish proper vascular interactions with the maternal circulatory system. These phenotypes arise from abnormal gene expression patterns that reflect defective kinase signaling, including TGFβ and several receptor tyrosine kinase pathways. USP22 deletion in endothelial cells and pericytes that are induced from embryonic stem cells also hinders these signaling cascades, with detrimental effects on cell survival and differentiation as well as on the ability to form vessels. Our findings provide new insights into the functions of USP22 during development that may offer clues to its role in disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Koutelou
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA .,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Program in Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Andria C Schibler
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Program in Genes and Development, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hsueh-Ping Chao
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Program in Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xianghong Kuang
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Kevin Lin
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Yue Lu
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Jianjun Shen
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Collene R Jeter
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Andrew Salinger
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Marenda Wilson
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yi Chun Chen
- MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Program in Genes and Development, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Boyko S Atanassov
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Dean G Tang
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Sharon Y R Dent
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA .,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.,MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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36
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Efficient Induction of Syncytiotrophoblast Layer II Cells from Trophoblast Stem Cells by Canonical Wnt Signaling Activation. Stem Cell Reports 2017; 9:2034-2049. [PMID: 29153986 PMCID: PMC5785677 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The syncytiotrophoblast layer is the most critical and prominent tissue in placenta. SynT cells are differentiated from trophoblast stem cells (TSCs) during early embryogenesis. Mouse TSCs can spontaneously differentiate into cells of mixed lineages in vitro upon withdrawal of stemness-maintaining factors. However, differentiation into defined placental cell lineages remains challenging. We report here that canonical Wnt signaling activation robustly induces expression of SynT-II lineage-specific genes Gcm1 and SynB and suppresses markers of other placental lineages. In contrast to mouse TSCs, the induced SynT-II cells are migratory. More importantly, the migration depends on hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and the c-MET signaling axis. Furthermore, HGF-expressing cells lie adjacent to SynT-II cells in developing murine placenta, suggesting that HGF/c-MET signaling plays a critical role in SynT-II cell morphogenesis during the labyrinth branching process. The availability of SynT-II cells in vitro will facilitate molecular understanding of labyrinth layer development. Wnt is sufficient to induce SynT-II cells from trophoblast stem cells Induced SynT-II cells are migratory and are independent on EMT Hepatocyte growth factor/c-MET is essential for SynT-II cell migration
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37
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Ritchie HE, Moore NP, Webster WS. Editor’s Highlight: Ethylene Glycol Teratogenicity: A Role for Embryonic Acidosis? Toxicol Sci 2017; 161:421-430. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfx225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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38
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Levin HI, Sullivan-Pyke CS, Papaioannou VE, Wapner RJ, Kitajewski JK, Shawber CJ, Douglas NC. Dynamic maternal and fetal Notch activity and expression in placentation. Placenta 2017; 55:5-12. [PMID: 28623973 PMCID: PMC5754215 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2017.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Murine placentation requires trophoblast Notch2, while the Notch ligand, JAGGED1, is reduced in invasive trophoblasts from women with preeclampsia. However, the placental cells with active Notch signaling and expression of other Notch proteins and ligands in placentation have yet to be defined. We sought to identify endothelial cell and trophoblast subtypes with canonical Notch signaling in the decidua and placenta and correlate this to expression of Notch proteins and ligands. METHODS Notch reporter transgenic mice were used to define canonical Notch activity and immunofluorescence staining performed to characterize expression of Notch1, 2, 3, 4 and ligands, Delta-like 4 (Dll4) and Jagged1 (Jag1) during early placentation and in the mature placenta. RESULTS Notch signaling is active in maternal and fetal endothelial cells and trophoblasts during early placentation and in the mature placenta. Dll4, Jag1, Notch1, and Notch4 are expressed in maternal vasculature in the decidua. Dll4, Jag1 and Notch1 are expressed in fetal vasculature in the labyrinth. Dll4, Notch2 and Notch4 are co-expressed in the ectoplacental cone. Notch2 and Notch4 are expressed in parietal-trophoblast giant cells and junctional zone trophoblasts with active canonical Notch signaling and in labyrinthine syncytiotrophoblasts and sinusoidal-trophoblast giant cells. DISCUSSION Canonical Notch activity and distinct expression patterns for Notch proteins and ligands was evident in endothelium and trophoblasts, suggesting Notch1, Notch2, Notch4, Dll4, and Jag1 have distinct and overlapping functions in placentation. Characterization of Notch signaling defects in existing mouse models of preeclampsia may shed light on the role of Notch in developing the preeclampsia phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather I Levin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, 622 West 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Chantae S Sullivan-Pyke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, 622 West 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Virginia E Papaioannou
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, 701 West 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ronald J Wapner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, 622 West 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 West 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jan K Kitajewski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 West 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois, 835 S. Wolcott Avenue, Room E202, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Carrie J Shawber
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 West 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Surgery, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 West 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Nataki C Douglas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 West 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Columbia University Medical Center, 622 West 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA.
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Abstract
Epidemiological evidence links an individual's susceptibility to chronic disease in adult life to events during their intrauterine phase of development. Biologically this should not be unexpected, for organ systems are at their most plastic when progenitor cells are proliferating and differentiating. Influences operating at this time can permanently affect their structure and functional capacity, and the activity of enzyme systems and endocrine axes. It is now appreciated that such effects lay the foundations for a diverse array of diseases that become manifest many years later, often in response to secondary environmental stressors. Fetal development is underpinned by the placenta, the organ that forms the interface between the fetus and its mother. All nutrients and oxygen reaching the fetus must pass through this organ. The placenta also has major endocrine functions, orchestrating maternal adaptations to pregnancy and mobilizing resources for fetal use. In addition, it acts as a selective barrier, creating a protective milieu by minimizing exposure of the fetus to maternal hormones, such as glucocorticoids, xenobiotics, pathogens, and parasites. The placenta shows a remarkable capacity to adapt to adverse environmental cues and lessen their impact on the fetus. However, if placental function is impaired, or its capacity to adapt is exceeded, then fetal development may be compromised. Here, we explore the complex relationships between the placental phenotype and developmental programming of chronic disease in the offspring. Ensuring optimal placentation offers a new approach to the prevention of disorders such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and obesity, which are reaching epidemic proportions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham J Burton
- Centre for Trophoblast Research and Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; and Department of Medicine, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, and Moore Institute for Nutrition and Wellness, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Abigail L Fowden
- Centre for Trophoblast Research and Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; and Department of Medicine, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, and Moore Institute for Nutrition and Wellness, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Kent L Thornburg
- Centre for Trophoblast Research and Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; and Department of Medicine, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, and Moore Institute for Nutrition and Wellness, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
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Kolahi KS, Valent AM, Thornburg KL. Cytotrophoblast, Not Syncytiotrophoblast, Dominates Glycolysis and Oxidative Phosphorylation in Human Term Placenta. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42941. [PMID: 28230167 PMCID: PMC5322316 DOI: 10.1038/srep42941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The syncytiotrophoblast (SCT) at the maternal-fetal interface has been presumed to be the primary driver of placental metabolism, and the underlying progenitor cytotrophoblast cells (CTB) an insignificant contributor to placental metabolic activity. However, we now show that the metabolic rate of CTB is much greater than the SCT. The oxygen consumption and extracellular acidification rate, a measure of glycolysis, are both greater in CTB than in SCT in vitro (CTB: 96 ± 16 vs SCT: 46 ± 14 pmol O2 × min−1 × 100 ng DNA−1, p < 0.001) and (CTB: 43 ± 6.7 vs SCT 1.4 ± 1.0 ∆mpH × min−1 × 100 ng DNA−1, p < 0.0001). Mitochondrial activity, as determined by using the mitochondrial activity-dependent dye Mitotracker CM-H2TMRosa, is higher in CTB than in SCT in culture and living explants. These data cast doubt on the previous supposition that the metabolic rate of the placenta is dominated by the SCT contribution. Moreover, differentiation into SCT leads to metabolic suppression. The normal suppression of metabolic activity during CTB differentiation to SCT is prevented with a p38 MAPK signaling inhibitor and epidermal growth factor co-treatment. We conclude that the undifferentiated CTB, in contrast to the SCT, is highly metabolically active, has a high level of fuel flexibility, and contributes substantially to global metabolism in the late gestation human placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin S Kolahi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239 USA.,Center for Developmental Health, Knight Cardiovascular Institute Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239 USA
| | - Amy M Valent
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239 USA
| | - Kent L Thornburg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239 USA.,Center for Developmental Health, Knight Cardiovascular Institute Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239 USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239 USA
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Xavier-Neto J, Carvalho M, Pascoalino BDS, Cardoso AC, Costa ÂMS, Pereira AHM, Santos LN, Saito Â, Marques RE, Smetana JHC, Consonni SR, Bandeira C, Costa VV, Bajgelman MC, de Oliveira PSL, Cordeiro MT, Gonzales Gil LHV, Pauletti BA, Granato DC, Paes Leme AF, Freitas-Junior L, Holanda de Freitas CBM, Teixeira MM, Bevilacqua E, Franchini K. Hydrocephalus and arthrogryposis in an immunocompetent mouse model of ZIKA teratogeny: A developmental study. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0005363. [PMID: 28231241 PMCID: PMC5322881 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The teratogenic mechanisms triggered by ZIKV are still obscure due to the lack of a suitable animal model. Here we present a mouse model of developmental disruption induced by ZIKV hematogenic infection. The model utilizes immunocompetent animals from wild-type FVB/NJ and C57BL/6J strains, providing a better analogy to the human condition than approaches involving immunodeficient, genetically modified animals, or direct ZIKV injection into the brain. When injected via the jugular vein into the blood of pregnant females harboring conceptuses from early gastrulation to organogenesis stages, akin to the human second and fifth week of pregnancy, ZIKV infects maternal tissues, placentas and embryos/fetuses. Early exposure to ZIKV at developmental day 5 (second week in humans) produced complex manifestations of anterior and posterior dysraphia and hydrocephalus, as well as severe malformations and delayed development in 10.5 days post-coitum (dpc) embryos. Exposure to the virus at 7.5-9.5 dpc induces intra-amniotic hemorrhage, widespread edema, and vascular rarefaction, often prominent in the cephalic region. At these stages, most affected embryos/fetuses displayed gross malformations and/or intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), rather than isolated microcephaly. Disrupted conceptuses failed to achieve normal developmental landmarks and died in utero. Importantly, this is the only model so far to display dysraphia and hydrocephalus, the harbinger of microcephaly in humans, as well as arthrogryposis, a set of abnormal joint postures observed in the human setting. Late exposure to ZIKV at 12.5 dpc failed to produce noticeable malformations. We have thus characterized a developmental window of opportunity for ZIKV-induced teratogenesis encompassing early gastrulation, neurulation and early organogenesis stages. This should not, however, be interpreted as evidence for any safe developmental windows for ZIKV exposure. Late developmental abnormalities correlated with damage to the placenta, particularly to the labyrinthine layer, suggesting that circulatory changes are integral to the altered phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Xavier-Neto
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Murilo Carvalho
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno dos Santos Pascoalino
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Alisson Campos Cardoso
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ângela Maria Sousa Costa
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Helena Macedo Pereira
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Luana Nunes Santos
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ângela Saito
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Elias Marques
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana Helena Costa Smetana
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Silvio Roberto Consonni
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Carla Bandeira
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Vivian Vasconcelos Costa
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcio Chaim Bajgelman
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Sérgio Lopes de Oliveira
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Marli Tenorio Cordeiro
- CPqAM-Fiocruz. Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Professor Moraes Rego s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Laura Helena Vega Gonzales Gil
- CPqAM-Fiocruz. Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Professor Moraes Rego s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Bianca Alves Pauletti
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniela Campos Granato
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriana Franco Paes Leme
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucio Freitas-Junior
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Estela Bevilacqua
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Kleber Franchini
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Localisation of Lactate Transporters in Rat and Rabbit Placentae. Int J Cell Biol 2016; 2016:2084252. [PMID: 27843454 PMCID: PMC5097824 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2084252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The distribution of monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) isoforms 1 and 4, which mediate the plasmalemmal transport of l-lactic and pyruvic acids, has been identified in the placentae of rats and rabbits at different ages of gestation. Groups of three pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats and New Zealand White rabbits were sacrificed on gestation days (GD) 11, 14, 18, or 20 and on GD 13, 18, or 28, respectively. Placentae were removed and processed for immunohistochemical detection of MCT1 and MCT4. In the rat, staining for MCT1 was associated with lakes and blood vessels containing enucleated red blood cells (maternal vessels) while staining for MCT4 was associated with vessels containing nucleated red blood cells (embryofoetal vessels). In the rabbit, staining for MCT1 was associated with blood vessels containing nucleated red blood cells while staining for MCT4 was associated with vessels containing enucleated red blood cells. Strength of staining for MCT1 decreased during gestation in both species, but that for MCT4 was stronger than that for MCT1 and was consistent between gestation days. The results imply an opposite polarity of MCT1 and MCT4 across the trophoblast between rat and rabbit.
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Vaughan OR, Fowden AL. Placental metabolism: substrate requirements and the response to stress. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 51 Suppl 2:25-35. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- OR Vaughan
- Centre for Trophoblast Research; Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience; University of Cambridge; Cambridge CB2 3EG UK
| | - AL Fowden
- Centre for Trophoblast Research; Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience; University of Cambridge; Cambridge CB2 3EG UK
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Layer II of placental syncytiotrophoblasts expresses MDR1 and BCRP at the apical membrane in rodents. Reprod Toxicol 2016; 65:375-381. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Pérez-Escuredo J, Van Hée VF, Sboarina M, Falces J, Payen VL, Pellerin L, Sonveaux P. Monocarboxylate transporters in the brain and in cancer. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2016; 1863:2481-97. [PMID: 26993058 PMCID: PMC4990061 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) constitute a family of 14 members among which MCT1-4 facilitate the passive transport of monocarboxylates such as lactate, pyruvate and ketone bodies together with protons across cell membranes. Their anchorage and activity at the plasma membrane requires interaction with chaperon protein such as basigin/CD147 and embigin/gp70. MCT1-4 are expressed in different tissues where they play important roles in physiological and pathological processes. This review focuses on the brain and on cancer. In the brain, MCTs control the delivery of lactate, produced by astrocytes, to neurons, where it is used as an oxidative fuel. Consequently, MCT dysfunctions are associated with pathologies of the central nervous system encompassing neurodegeneration and cognitive defects, epilepsy and metabolic disorders. In tumors, MCTs control the exchange of lactate and other monocarboxylates between glycolytic and oxidative cancer cells, between stromal and cancer cells and between glycolytic cells and endothelial cells. Lactate is not only a metabolic waste for glycolytic cells and a metabolic fuel for oxidative cells, but it also behaves as a signaling agent that promotes angiogenesis and as an immunosuppressive metabolite. Because MCTs gate the activities of lactate, drugs targeting these transporters have been developed that could constitute new anticancer treatments. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Mitochondrial Channels edited by Pierre Sonveaux, Pierre Maechler and Jean-Claude Martinou.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhudit Pérez-Escuredo
- Pole of Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Avenue Emmanuel Mounier 52 box B1.53.09, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent F Van Hée
- Pole of Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Avenue Emmanuel Mounier 52 box B1.53.09, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Martina Sboarina
- Pole of Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Avenue Emmanuel Mounier 52 box B1.53.09, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jorge Falces
- Pole of Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Avenue Emmanuel Mounier 52 box B1.53.09, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Valéry L Payen
- Pole of Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Avenue Emmanuel Mounier 52 box B1.53.09, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luc Pellerin
- Laboratory of Neuroenergetics, Department of Physiology, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 7, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Pierre Sonveaux
- Pole of Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Avenue Emmanuel Mounier 52 box B1.53.09, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
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Kishimoto A, Ishiguro-Oonuma T, Takahashi R, Maekawa M, Toshimori K, Watanabe M, Iwanaga T. Immunohistochemical localization of GLUT3, MCT1, and MCT2 in the testes of mice and rats: the use of different energy sources in spermatogenesis. Biomed Res 2016; 36:225-34. [PMID: 26299481 DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.36.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Lactate represents a preferential energy substrate of germ cells rather than glucose. Testicular Sertoli cells are believed to produce lactate and pyruvate and to supply these to germ cells, particularly spermatocytes and spermatids. Monocarboxylate transporter (MCT), responsible for the transport of lactate and other monocarboxylates via the cell membrane, is abundant in the testes and sperm (MCT1, MCT2, and MCT4). For the uptake of glucose, germ cells within the seminiferous tubules and sperm have been known to intensely express GLUT3. The present study investigated expression profiles of MCTs and GLUTs and revealed their cellular and subcellular localization in the mouse and rat testis. An in situ hybridization analysis showed significant expressions of MCT1, MCT2, and GLUT3 mRNA in the testis. Immunohistochemically, spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and spermatids expressed MCT1 on their cell surfaces in a stage-dependent manner: in some seminiferous tubules, an intense expression of MCT1 was unique to the spermatogonia. MCT2 was restricted to the tails of elongated spermatids and sperm. An intense immunoreactivity for GLUT3 was shared by spermatocytes, spermatids, and sperm. Sertoli cells were devoid of any immunoreactivities for MCT1, MCT2, and GLUT3. The predominant energy source of germ cells may be lactate and other monocarboxylates--especially for spermatogonia, but glucose and other hexoses may be responsible for an energy supply to spermatocytes and spermatids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayuko Kishimoto
- Department of Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University
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Sarkar AA, Sabatino JA, Sugrue KF, Zohn IE. Abnormal labyrinthine zone in the Hectd1-null placenta. Placenta 2016; 38:16-23. [PMID: 26907377 PMCID: PMC4768308 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The labyrinthine zone of the placenta is where exchange of nutrients and waste occurs between maternal and fetal circulations. Proper development of the placental labyrinth is essential for successful growth of the developing fetus and abnormalities in placental development are associated with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), preeclampsia and fetal demise. Our previous studies demonstrate that Hectd1 is essential for development of the junctional and labyrinthine zones of the placenta. Here we further characterize labyrinthine zone defects in the Hectd1 mutant placenta. METHODS The structure of the mutant placenta was compared to wildtype littermates using histological methods. The expression of cell type specific markers was examined by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. RESULTS Hectd1 is expressed in the labyrinthine zone throughout development and the protein is enriched in syncytiotrophoblast layer type I cells (SynT-I) and Sinusoidal Trophoblast Giant cells (S-TGCs) in the mature placenta. Mutation of Hectd1 results in pale placentas with frequent hemorrhages along with gross abnormalities in the structure of the labyrinthine zone including a smaller overall volume and a poorly elaborated fetal vasculature that contain fewer fetal blood cells. Examination of molecular markers of labyrinthine trophoblast cell types reveals increased Dlx3 positive cells and Syna positive SynT-I cells, along with decreased Hand1 and Ctsq positive sinusoidal trophoblast giant cells (S-TGCs). DISCUSSION Together these defects indicate that Hectd1 is required for development of the labyrinthine zonethe mouse placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali A Sarkar
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Julia A Sabatino
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Kelsey F Sugrue
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA; Institute for Biomedical Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Irene E Zohn
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA; Institute for Biomedical Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
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Jašarević E, Morrison KE, Bale TL. Sex differences in the gut microbiome-brain axis across the lifespan. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2016; 371:20150122. [PMID: 26833840 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2015.0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the bidirectional communication between the gut microbiome and the brain has emerged as a factor that influences immunity, metabolism, neurodevelopment and behaviour. Cross-talk between the gut and brain begins early in life immediately following the transition from a sterile in utero environment to one that is exposed to a changing and complex microbial milieu over a lifetime. Once established, communication between the gut and brain integrates information from the autonomic and enteric nervous systems, neuroendocrine and neuroimmune signals, and peripheral immune and metabolic signals. Importantly, the composition and functional potential of the gut microbiome undergoes many transitions that parallel dynamic periods of brain development and maturation for which distinct sex differences have been identified. Here, we discuss the sexually dimorphic development, maturation and maintenance of the gut microbiome-brain axis, and the sex differences therein important in disease risk and resilience throughout the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eldin Jašarević
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kathleen E Morrison
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Tracy L Bale
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Koleva PT, Kim JS, Scott JA, Kozyrskyj AL. Microbial programming of health and disease starts during fetal life. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 105:265-77. [PMID: 26663884 DOI: 10.1002/bdrc.21117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The pioneer microbiota of the neonatal gut are essential for gut maturation, and metabolic and immunologic programming. Recent research has shown that early bacterial colonization may impact the occurrence of disease later in life (microbial programming). Despite early conflicting evidence, it has long been considered that the womb is a sterile environment and human microbial colonization begins at birth. In the last few years, several findings have reiterated the presence of microbes in infant first stool (meconium) and pointed to the existence of in utero microbial colonization of the infant gut. The dominant bacterial taxa detected in meconium specimens belong to the Enterobacteriaceae family (Escherichia genus) and lactic acid bacteria (notably members of the genera Leuconostoc, Enterococcus, and Lactococcus). Maternal atopy promotes dominance of Enterobacteriaceae in newborn meconium, which in turn may lead to respiratory problems in the infant. This microbial interaction with the host immune system may in fact, originate during fetal life. Our review evaluates the evidence for an intrauterine origin of meconium microbiota, their composition and influences, and potential clinical implications on infant health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petya T Koleva
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ji-Sun Kim
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - James A Scott
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anita L Kozyrskyj
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Abstract
Over the last two decades, several genes have been identified that appear to play a role in the regulation of energy homeostasis and body weight. For a small subset of them, a reduction or an absence of expression confers a resistance to the development of obesity. Recently, a knockin mouse for a member of the monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) family, MCT1, was demonstrated to exhibit a typical phenotype of resistance to diet-induced obesity and a protection from its associated metabolic perturbations. Such findings point out at MCTs as putatively new therapeutic targets in the context of obesity. Here, we will review what is known about MCTs and their possible metabolic roles in different organs and tissues. Based on the description of the phenotype of the MCT1 knockin mouse, we will also provide some insights about their putative roles in weight gain regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Carneiro
- Department of Physiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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