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Bosch G, Fuentes M, Erro J, Zamarreño ÁM, García-Mina JM. Hydrolysis of riboflavins in root exudates under iron deficiency and alkaline stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 210:108573. [PMID: 38569423 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Riboflavins are secreted under iron deficiency as a part of the iron acquisition Strategy I, mainly when the external pH is acidic. In plants growing under Fe-deficiency and alkaline conditions, riboflavins have been reported to accumulate inside the roots, with very low or negligible secretion. However, the fact that riboflavins may undergo hydrolysis under alkaline conditions has been so far disregarded. In this paper, we report the presence of riboflavin derivatives and products of their alkaline hydrolysis (lumichrome, lumiflavin and carboxymethylflavin) in nutrient solutions of Cucumis sativus plants grown under different iron regimes (soluble Fe-EDDHA in the nutrient solution, total absence of iron in the nutrient solution, or two different doses of FeSO4 supplied as a foliar spray), either cultivated in slightly acidic (pH 6) or alkaline (pH 8.8, 10 mM bicarbonate) nutrient solutions. The results show that root synthesis and exudation of riboflavins is controlled by shoot iron status, and that exuded riboflavins undergo hydrolysis, especially at alkaline pH, with lumichrome being the main product of hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germán Bosch
- Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Medioambiente BIOMA, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain; Universidad de Navarra, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Ambiental, Grupo Química y Biología Agrícola, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Marta Fuentes
- Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Medioambiente BIOMA, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain; Universidad de Navarra, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Ambiental, Grupo Química y Biología Agrícola, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Javier Erro
- Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Medioambiente BIOMA, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain; Universidad de Navarra, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Ambiental, Grupo Química y Biología Agrícola, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Ángel M Zamarreño
- Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Medioambiente BIOMA, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain; Universidad de Navarra, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Ambiental, Grupo Química y Biología Agrícola, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - José M García-Mina
- Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Medioambiente BIOMA, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain; Universidad de Navarra, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Ambiental, Grupo Química y Biología Agrícola, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
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2
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Fuentes M, Bosch G, de Hita D, Olaetxea M, Erro J, Zamarreño AM, Garcia-Mina JM. Supramolecular Arrangement of Lignosulfonate-Based Iron Heteromolecular Complexes and Consequences of Their Interaction with Ca 2+ at Alkaline pH and Fe Plant Root Uptake Mechanisms. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:11404-11417. [PMID: 37462422 PMCID: PMC10401718 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that natural heteromolecular complexes might be an alternative to synthetic chelates to correct iron (Fe) deficiency. To investigate the mechanism of action of these complexes, we have studied their interaction with Ca2+ at alkaline pH, Fe-binding stability, Fe-root uptake in cucumber, and chemical structure using molecular modeling. The results show that a heteromolecular Fe complex including citric acid and lignosulfonate as binding ligands (Ls-Cit) forms a supramolecular system in solution with iron citrate interacting with the hydrophobic inner core of the lignosulfonate system. These structural features are associated with high stability against Ca2+ at basic pH. Likewise, unlike Fe-EDDHA, root Fe uptake from Ls-Cit implies the activation of the main root responses under Fe deficiency at the transcriptional level but not at the post-transcriptional level. These results are consistent with the involvement of some plant responses to Fe deficiency in the plant assimilation of complexed Fe in Ls-Cit under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Fuentes
- Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Medioambiente BIOMA, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, España
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Ambiental, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, España
| | - German Bosch
- Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Medioambiente BIOMA, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, España
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Ambiental, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, España
| | - David de Hita
- Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Medioambiente BIOMA, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, España
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Ambiental, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, España
| | - Maite Olaetxea
- Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Medioambiente BIOMA, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, España
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Ambiental, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, España
| | - Javier Erro
- Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Medioambiente BIOMA, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, España
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Ambiental, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, España
| | - Angel Ma Zamarreño
- Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Medioambiente BIOMA, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, España
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Ambiental, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, España
| | - Jose Ma Garcia-Mina
- Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Medioambiente BIOMA, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, España
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Ambiental, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, España
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3
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Butova VV, Bauer TV, Polyakov VA, Minkina TM. Advances in nanoparticle and organic formulations for prolonged controlled release of auxins. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 201:107808. [PMID: 37290135 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Plant hormones have been well known since Charles Darwin as signaling molecules directing plant metabolism. Their action and transport pathways are at the top of scientific interest and were reviewed in many research articles. Modern agriculture applies phytohormones as supplements to achieve desired physiological plant response. Auxins are a class of plant hormones extensively used for crop management. Auxins stimulate the formation of lateral roots and shoots, seed germination, while extensively high concentrations of these chemicals act as herbicides. Natural auxins are unstable; light or enzyme action leads to their degradation. Moreover, the concentration dependant action of phytohormones denier one-shot injection of these chemicals and require constant slow additive of supplement. It obstructs the direct introduction of auxins. On the other hand, delivery systems can protect phytohormones from degradation and provide a slow release of loaded drugs. Moreover, this release can be managed by external stimuli like pH, enzymes, or temperature. The present review is focused on three auxins: indole-3-acetic, indole-3-butyric, and 1-naphthaleneacetic acids. We collected some examples of inorganic (oxides, Ag, layered double hydroxides) and organic (chitosan, organic formulations) delivery systems. The action of carriers can enhance auxin effects via protection and targeted delivery of loaded molecules. Moreover, nanoparticles can act as nano fertilizers, intensifying the phytohormone effect, providing slow controlled release. So delivery systems for auxins are extremely attractive for modern agriculture opening sustainable management of plant metabolism and morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera V Butova
- Southern Federal University, ul. Bolshaya Sadovaya 105/42, Rostov-on-Don, 344006, Russian Federation; Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, 1113, Bulgaria.
| | - Tatiana V Bauer
- Southern Federal University, ul. Bolshaya Sadovaya 105/42, Rostov-on-Don, 344006, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir A Polyakov
- Southern Federal University, ul. Bolshaya Sadovaya 105/42, Rostov-on-Don, 344006, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana M Minkina
- Southern Federal University, ul. Bolshaya Sadovaya 105/42, Rostov-on-Don, 344006, Russian Federation
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4
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Mankotia S, Singh D, Monika K, Kalra M, Meena H, Meena V, Yadav RK, Pandey AK, Satbhai SB. ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 regulates BRUTUS and affects iron acquisition and homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 114:1267-1284. [PMID: 36920240 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is an essential micronutrient for both plants and animals. Fe-limitation significantly reduces crop yield and adversely impacts on human nutrition. Owing to limited bioavailability of Fe in soil, plants have adapted different strategies that not only regulate Fe-uptake and homeostasis but also bring modifications in root system architecture to enhance survival. Understanding the molecular mechanism underlying the root growth responses will have critical implications for plant breeding. Fe-uptake is regulated by a cascade of basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors (TFs) in plants. In this study, we report that HY5 (Elongated Hypocotyl 5), a member of the basic leucine zipper (bZIP) family of TFs, plays an important role in the Fe-deficiency signaling pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana. The hy5 mutant failed to mount optimum Fe-deficiency responses, and displayed root growth defects under Fe-limitation. Our analysis revealed that the induction of the genes involved in Fe-uptake pathway (FIT-FER-LIKE IRON DEFICIENCY-INDUCED TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR, FRO2-FERRIC REDUCTION OXIDASE 2 and IRT1-IRON-REGULATED TRANSPORTER1) is reduced in the hy5 mutant as compared with the wild-type plants under Fe-deficiency. Moreover, we also found that the expression of coumarin biosynthesis genes is affected in the hy5 mutant under Fe-deficiency. Our results also showed that HY5 negatively regulates BRUTUS (BTS) and POPEYE (PYE). Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed direct binding of HY5 to the promoters of BTS, FRO2 and PYE. Altogether, our results showed that HY5 plays an important role in the regulation of Fe-deficiency responses in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samriti Mankotia
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Dhriti Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Kumari Monika
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Muskan Kalra
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Himani Meena
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Varsha Meena
- Department of Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sector 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, 140306, India
| | - Ram Kishor Yadav
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sector 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, 140306, India
| | - Santosh B Satbhai
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
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5
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Guo G, Yu T, Zhang H, Chen M, Dong W, Zhang S, Tang X, Liu L, Heng W, Zhu L, Jia B. Evidence That PbrSAUR72 Contributes to Iron Deficiency Tolerance in Pears by Facilitating Iron Absorption. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12112173. [PMID: 37299155 DOI: 10.3390/plants12112173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Iron is an essential trace element for plants; however, low bioactive Fe in soil continuously places plants in an Fe-deficient environment, triggering oxidative damage. To cope with this, plants make a series of alterations to increase Fe acquisition; however, this regulatory network needs further investigation. In this study, we found notably decreased indoleacetic acid (IAA) content in chlorotic pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.) leaves caused by Fe deficiency. Furthermore, IAA treatment slightly induced regreening by increasing chlorophyll synthesis and Fe2+ accumulation. At that point, we identified PbrSAUR72 as a key negative effector output of auxin signaling and established its close relationship to Fe deficiency. Furthermore, the transient PbrSAUR72 overexpression could form regreening spots with increased IAA and Fe2+ content in chlorotic pear leaves, whereas its transient silencing does the opposite in normal pear leaves. In addition, cytoplasm-localized PbrSAUR72 exhibits root expression preferences and displays high homology to AtSAUR40/72. This promotes salt tolerance in plants, indicating a putative role for PbrSAUR72 in abiotic stress responses. Indeed, transgenic plants of Solanum lycopersicum and Arabidopsis thaliana overexpressing PbrSAUR72 displayed less sensitivity to Fe deficiency, accompanied by substantially elevated expression of Fe-induced genes, such as FER/FIT, HA, and bHLH39/100. These result in higher ferric chelate reductase and root pH acidification activities, thereby hastening Fe absorption in transgenic plants under an Fe-deficient condition. Moreover, the ectopic overexpression of PbrSAUR72 inhibited reactive oxygen species production in response to Fe deficiency. These findings contribute to a new understanding of PbrSAURs and its involvement in Fe deficiency, providing new insights for the further study of the regulatory mechanisms underlying the Fe deficiency response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoling Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Fruit Biology, School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Tao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Fruit Biology, School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Agricultural Experimental Center of Guiyang, Guiyang Agriculture and Rural Bureau, Guiyang 550018, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fruit Biology, School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Meng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Fruit Biology, School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Singleron Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Weiyu Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Fruit Biology, School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Shuqin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fruit Biology, School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiaomei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Fruit Biology, School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Lun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fruit Biology, School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Wei Heng
- State Key Laboratory of Fruit Biology, School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Liwu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Fruit Biology, School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Bing Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Fruit Biology, School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
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6
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Roman A, Montenegro J, Fraile L, Urra M, Buezo J, Cornejo A, Moran JF, Gogorcena Y. Indole-3-acetaldoxime delays root iron-deficiency responses and modify auxin homeostasis in Medicago truncatula. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 332:111718. [PMID: 37105378 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is an essential plant micronutrient, being a major limiting growth factor in calcareous soils. To increase Fe uptake, plants induce lateral roots growth, the expression of a Fe(III)-chelate reductase (FCR), a Fe(II)-transporter and a H+-ATPase and the secretion of flavins. Furthermore, auxin hormone family is involved in the Fe-deficiency responses but the action mechanism remains elusive. In this work, we evaluated the effect of the auxin-precursor indole-3-acetaldoxime (IAOx) on hydroponically grown Medicago truncatula plants under different Fe conditions. Upon 4-days of Fe starvation, the pH of the nutrient solution decreased, while both the FCR activity and the presence of flavins increased. Exogenous IAOx increased lateral roots growth contributing to superroot phenotype, decreased chlorosis, and delayed up to 3-days the pH-decrease, the FCR-activity increase, and the presence of flavins, compared to Fe-deficient plants. Gene expression levels were in concordance with the physiological responses. RESULTS: showed that IAOx was immediately transformed to IAN in roots and shoots to maintain auxin homeostasis. IAOx plays an active role in iron homeostasis delaying symptoms and responses in Fe-deficient plants. We may speculate that IAOx or its derivatives remobilize Fe from root cells to alleviate Fe-deficiency. Overall, these results point out that the IAOx-derived phenotype may have advantages to overcome nutritional stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Roman
- Department of Pomology, Aula Dei Experimental Station, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avda. de Montañana 1005, E-50059 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Joaquín Montenegro
- Department of Pomology, Aula Dei Experimental Station, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avda. de Montañana 1005, E-50059 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Laura Fraile
- Department of Pomology, Aula Dei Experimental Station, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avda. de Montañana 1005, E-50059 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Marina Urra
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB), Department of Sciences, Public University of Navarre (UPNA), Avda. de Pamplona 123, E-31192 Mutilva, Spain
| | - Javier Buezo
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB), Department of Sciences, Public University of Navarre (UPNA), Avda. de Pamplona 123, E-31192 Mutilva, Spain
| | - Alfonso Cornejo
- Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics (INAMAT2), Department of Sciences, Public University of Navarre (UPNA), Campus de Arrosadía, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jose Fernando Moran
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB), Department of Sciences, Public University of Navarre (UPNA), Avda. de Pamplona 123, E-31192 Mutilva, Spain
| | - Yolanda Gogorcena
- Department of Pomology, Aula Dei Experimental Station, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avda. de Montañana 1005, E-50059 Zaragoza, Spain.
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7
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Sun Z, Guo D, Lv Z, Bian C, Ma C, Liu X, Tian Y, Wang C, Zheng X. Brassinolide alleviates Fe deficiency-induced stress by regulating the Fe absorption mechanism in Malus hupehensis Rehd. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2022; 41:1863-1874. [PMID: 35781542 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-022-02897-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Exogenous brassinolide promotes Fe absorption through mechanism I strategy, thus improving the tolerance of Malus hupehensis seedlings to Fe deficiency stress. Iron (Fe) deficiency is a common nutritional disorder that results in decreased yield and poor fruit quality in apple production. As a highly active synthetic analog of brassinosteroids, brassinolide (BL) plays numerous roles in plant responses to abiotic stresses. However, its role in Fe deficiency stress in apple plants has never been reported. Herein, we found that the exogenous application of 0.2 mg L-1 BL could significantly enhance the tolerance of apple seedlings to Fe deficiency stress and result in a low etiolation rate and a high photosynthetic rate. The functional mechanisms of this effect were also explored. We found that first, exogenous BL could improve Fe absorption through the mechanism I strategy. BL induced the activity of H+-ATPase and the expression of MhAHA family genes, resulting in rhizosphere acidification. Moreover, BL could enhance the activity of Fe chelate reductase and absorb Fe through direct binding with the E-box of the MhIRT1 or MhFRO2 promoter via the transcription factors MhBZR1 and MhBZR2. Second, exogenous BL alleviated osmotic stress by increasing the contents of osmolytes (proline, solution proteins, and solution sugar) and scavenged reactive oxygen species by improving the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Lastly, exogenous BL could cooperate with other endogenous plant hormones, such as indole-3-acetic acid, isopentenyl adenosine, and gibberellic acid 4, that respond to Fe deficiency stress indirectly. This work provided a theoretical basis for the application of exogenous BL to alleviate Fe deficiency stress in apple plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijuan Sun
- College of Life Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Dianming Guo
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao, 266109, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Zhichao Lv
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao, 266109, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Chuanjie Bian
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao, 266109, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Changqing Ma
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao, 266109, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao, 266109, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Yike Tian
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao, 266109, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Caihong Wang
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao, 266109, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao, 266109, China.
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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8
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García MJ, Angulo M, Romera FJ, Lucena C, Pérez-Vicente R. A shoot derived long distance iron signal may act upstream of the IMA peptides in the regulation of Fe deficiency responses in Arabidopsis thaliana roots. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:971773. [PMID: 36105702 PMCID: PMC9465050 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.971773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
When plants suffer from Fe deficiency, they develop morphological and physiological responses, mainly in their roots, aimed to facilitate Fe mobilization and uptake. Once Fe has been acquired in sufficient quantity, the responses need to be switched off to avoid Fe toxicity and to conserve energy. Several hormones and signaling molecules, such as ethylene, auxin and nitric oxide, have been involved in the activation of Fe deficiency responses in Strategy I plants. These hormones and signaling molecules have almost no effect when applied to plants grown under Fe-sufficient conditions, which suggests the existence of a repressive signal related to the internal Fe content. The nature of this repressive signal is not known yet many experimental results suggest that is not related to the whole root Fe content but to some kind of Fe compound moving from leaves to roots through the phloem. After that, this signal has been named LOng-Distance Iron Signal (LODIS). Very recently, a novel family of small peptides, "IRON MAN" (IMA), has been identified as key components of the induction of Fe deficiency responses. However, the relationship between LODIS and IMA peptides is not known. The main objective of this work has been to clarify the relationship between both signals. For this, we have used Arabidopsis wild type (WT) Columbia and two of its mutants, opt3 and frd3, affected, either directly or indirectly, in the transport of Fe (LODIS) through the phloem. Both mutants present constitutive activation of Fe acquisition genes when grown in a Fe-sufficient medium despite the high accumulation of Fe in their roots. Arabidopsis WT Columbia plants and both mutants were treated with foliar application of Fe, and later on the expression of IMA and Fe acquisition genes was analyzed. The results obtained suggest that LODIS may act upstream of IMA peptides in the regulation of Fe deficiency responses in roots. The possible regulation of IMA peptides by ethylene has also been studied. Results obtained with ethylene precursors and inhibitors, and occurrence of ethylene-responsive cis-acting elements in the promoters of IMA genes, suggest that IMA peptides could also be regulated by ethylene.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José García
- Department of Agronomy (DAUCO-María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence), Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Macarena Angulo
- Department of Agronomy (DAUCO-María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence), Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Romera
- Department of Agronomy (DAUCO-María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence), Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Carlos Lucena
- Department of Botany, Ecology and Plant Physiology, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rafael Pérez-Vicente
- Department of Botany, Ecology and Plant Physiology, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
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Zheng S, Chen R, Wang L, Pan S, Liu W, Zhu X, Gao X, Luo J, Cui J. Effect of Metabolic Changes in Aphis gossypii-Damaged Cotton Plants on Oviposition Preference and Larval Development of Subsequent Helicoverpa armigera. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:9584-9595. [PMID: 35861328 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c02876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aphis gossypii and Helicoverpa armigera are two important agricultural pests in cotton plants. However, whether early colonization of A. gossypii affects subsequent H. armigera is unknown. We implemented ecological experiments to reveal that A. gossypii-damaged cotton plants [Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and non-Bt] had a significant avoidance effect on the oviposition preference of H. armigera adults. However, A. gossypii-damaged cotton plants (non-Bt) increased the weight and pupation rate and reduced the mortality of H. armigera larvae. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses showed that 13 and 9 genes were significantly upregulated to be involved in salicylic acid (SA) and indole acetic acid (IAA) biosynthesis, and SA and IAA contents were significantly increased, respectively. However, 15 genes involved in jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis were significantly downregulated as a result of the antagonism of SA and JA. Moreover, there was significant upregulation in multiple genes involved in the biosynthesis of l-histidine, fructose, maltotetraose, melezitose, lecithin, stearidonic acid, and mannitol, in which metabolites were confirmed to promote the growth and development of H. armigera. Our study is a reference for investigating the evolutionary relationships and provides insights into implementing effective insect biocontrol between H. armigera and A. gossypii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaichao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan 455000, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruifang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan 455000, People's Republic of China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Lisha Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan 455000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaodong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan 455000, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan 455000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangzhen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan 455000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueke Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan 455000, People's Republic of China
| | - Junyu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan 455000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinjie Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan 455000, People's Republic of China
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10
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Garnica M, Baigorri R, San Francisco S, Zamarreño AM, Garcia-Mina JM. Humic Acid Alleviates Fe Chlorosis in Graminaceous Plants Through Coordinated Fe-Dependent and Fe-Independent Mechanisms. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:803013. [PMID: 35185979 PMCID: PMC8849133 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.803013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have shown the close relationship between the beneficial action of soil and sedimentary humic acids on the growth of plants cultivated in calcareous soils and their ability to improve Fe plant nutrition. These results have been ascribed to the humic acid (HA) capability to improve Fe solubility and bioavailability. However, other effects more related to a humic acid action on the specific mechanisms activated in roots of plants under Fe deficiency cannot be ruled out. Although this question has been studied in dicotyledonous plants, in graminaceous plants there are no specific studies. Here we investigate the ability of a humic acid extracted from peat (HA) to improve Fe nutrition in wheat plants cultivated under Fe deficient and sufficient conditions. The results show that HA can improve the physiological status of Fe deficient wheat plants by alleviating some of the deleterious consequences of Fe deficiency on plant development and increasing the plant ability to secrete phytosiderophores to the nutrient solution. This action of HA is associated with increases in the Fe-active pool in leaves that might be related to the mobilization of the Fe complexed by HA resulting from the interaction of HA with the phytosiderophores in the nutrient solution. The Fe translocation from the root to the shoot may be favored by the action of trans-Zeatin Riboside (tZR) since the leaf concentration of this phytohormone was enhanced by HA in Fe deficient plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Garnica
- BACh Research Group, Department of Environmental Biology, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (BIOMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Roberto Baigorri
- BACh Research Group, Department of Environmental Biology, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (BIOMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sara San Francisco
- BACh Research Group, Department of Environmental Biology, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (BIOMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Angel M. Zamarreño
- BACh Research Group, Department of Environmental Biology, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (BIOMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jose M. Garcia-Mina
- BACh Research Group, Department of Environmental Biology, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (BIOMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centre Mondial de l’Innovation (CMI) – Groupe Roullier, Saint-Maló, France
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11
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Cao L, Gao Y, Yu J, Niu S, Zeng J, Yao Q, Wang X, Bu Z, Xu T, Liu X, Zhu Y. Streptomyces hygroscopicus OsiSh-2-induced mitigation of Fe deficiency in rice plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 158:275-283. [PMID: 33243710 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The limited availability of nutrient Fe severely impairs the health of almost all organisms. Endophytic actinobacteria can benefit the host plant in different ways. We previously inferred that the rice (Oryza) endophytic Streptomyces hygroscopicus OsiSh-2 possesses a highly efficient Fe-acquisition system. In this work, we first evaluated the effects of OsiSh-2 on the Fe-deficiency resilience of the host rice. The results demonstrated that the inoculation of OsiSh-2 considerably increased the plant biomass, Fe concentration and translocation factor, and chlorophyll content, and net leaf photosynthetic rate under Fe limiting condition. The expression of genes involved with Fe3+-reduction-related strategy in rice was up-regulated, while that involved with Fe3+-chelation-related strategy was down-regulated by OsiSh-2 treatment. Meanwhile, the OsiSh-2-rice symbiont showed enhancement of Fe3+-chelate reductase activity, total siderophore production, and acidification trend in the rhizosphere under Fe deficiency compared to plants without this endophyte. In conclusion, endophytic OsiSh-2 could protect plants against Fe-deficient stress by a sophisticated interaction with the host, including modulating Fe chelation, solubilization, reduction and translocation, ultimately leading to enhanced fitness of plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidan Cao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yan Gao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Jinlan Yu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Shuqi Niu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Jiarui Zeng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Qingqing Yao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Zhigang Bu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Ting Xu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xuanming Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, PR China.
| | - Yonghua Zhu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, PR China.
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12
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Hernández-Apaolaza L, Escribano L, Zamarreño ÁM, García-Mina JM, Cano C, Carrasco-Gil S. Root Silicon Addition Induces Fe Deficiency in Cucumber Plants, but Facilitates Their Recovery After Fe Resupply. A Comparison With Si Foliar Sprays. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:580552. [PMID: 33424881 PMCID: PMC7793930 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.580552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Silicon has not been cataloged as an essential element for higher plants. However, it has shown beneficial effects on many crops, especially under abiotic and biotic stresses. Silicon fertilization was evaluated for the first time on plants exposed to fluctuations in an Fe regime (Fe sufficiency followed by Fe deficiency and, in turn, by Fe resupply). Root and foliar Si applications were compared using cucumber plants that were hydroponically grown in a growth chamber under different Fe nutritional statuses and Si applied either to the roots or to the shoots. The SPAD index, Fe, and Mn concentration, ROS, total phenolic compounds, MDA concentration, phytohormone balance, and cell cycle were determined. The results obtained showed that the addition of Si to the roots induced an Fe shortage in plants grown under optimal or deficient Fe nutritional conditions, but this was not observed when Si was applied to the leaves. Plant recovery following Fe resupply was more effective in the Si-treated plants than in the untreated plants. A relationship between the ROS concentration, hormonal balance, and cell cycle under different Fe regimes and in the presence or absence of Si was also studied. The contribution of Si to this signaling pathway appears to be related more to the induction of Fe deficiency, than to any direct biochemical or metabolic processes. However, these roles could not be completely ruled out because several hormone differences could only be explained by the addition of Si.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Escribano
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Food Science, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Mª Zamarreño
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sciences School, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - José Mª García-Mina
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sciences School, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carlos Cano
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Food Science, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Carrasco-Gil
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Food Science, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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13
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Pan L, Chen J, Ren S, Shen H, Rong B, Liu W, Yang Z. Complete genome sequence of Mycobacterium Mya-zh01, an endophytic bacterium, promotes plant growth and seed germination isolated from flower stalk of Doritaenopsis. Arch Microbiol 2020; 202:1965-1976. [DOI: 10.1007/s00203-020-01924-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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14
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Guo Z, Du N, Li Y, Zheng S, Shen S, Piao F. Gamma-aminobutyric acid enhances tolerance to iron deficiency by stimulating auxin signaling in cucumber (Cucumis sativusL.). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 192:110285. [PMID: 32035398 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Iron deficiency severely affects crop yield and quality. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) plays a vital role in plant responses to multifarious stresses. However, the role of GABA in Fe deficiency responses and the potential mechanisms remain largely unknown in cucumber. Here, we found that Fe deficiency raised the GABA levels in leaves and roots of cucumber. To probe the role of GABA in Fe deficiency, the seedlings were subjected to five levels of GABA concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20 and 40 mmol L-1) for 7 days under Fe deficiency. The results demonstrated that 20 mM GABA in alleviating the Fe deficiency-induced stress was the most effective. GABA pretreatment reduced the Fe deficiency-induced chlorosis and inhibition of photosynthesis and growth, and significantly enhanced the contents of iron in shoots and roots. Exogenous GABA significantly decreased the pH of nutrient solution and increased ferric-chelate reductase (FCR) activity induced by Fe deficiency and the transcript levels of Fe uptake-related genes HA1, FRO2 and IRT1 in roots. GABA also increased the content of auxin (IAA) and expression of auxin biosynthesis (YUC4), response (IAA1), and transport (PIN1) genes under Fe deficiency. Furthermore, exogenous the auxin transport inhibitor 1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA) application abolished the GABA-induced changes in Fe deficiency. In summary, we found that GABA improves tolerance to iron deficiency via an auxin-dependent mechanism in cucumber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Guo
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, PR China
| | - Nanshan Du
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, PR China
| | - Yingnan Li
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, PR China
| | - Shuxin Zheng
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, PR China
| | - Shunshan Shen
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, PR China
| | - Fengzhi Piao
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, PR China.
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15
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Romera FJ, García MJ, Lucena C, Martínez-Medina A, Aparicio MA, Ramos J, Alcántara E, Angulo M, Pérez-Vicente R. Induced Systemic Resistance (ISR) and Fe Deficiency Responses in Dicot Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:287. [PMID: 30915094 PMCID: PMC6421314 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Plants develop responses to abiotic stresses, like Fe deficiency. Similarly, plants also develop responses to cope with biotic stresses provoked by biological agents, like pathogens and insects. Some of these responses are limited to the infested damaged organ, but other responses systemically spread far from the infested organ and affect the whole plant. These latter responses include the Systemic Acquired Resistance (SAR) and the Induced Systemic Resistance (ISR). SAR is induced by pathogens and insects while ISR is mediated by beneficial microbes living in the rhizosphere, like bacteria and fungi. These root-associated mutualistic microbes, besides impacting on plant nutrition and growth, can further boost plant defenses, rendering the entire plant more resistant to pathogens and pests. In the last years, it has been found that ISR-eliciting microbes can induce both physiological and morphological responses to Fe deficiency in dicot plants. These results suggest that the regulation of both ISR and Fe deficiency responses overlap, at least partially. Indeed, several hormones and signaling molecules, like ethylene (ET), auxin, and nitric oxide (NO), and the transcription factor MYB72, emerged as key regulators of both processes. This convergence between ISR and Fe deficiency responses opens the way to the use of ISR-eliciting microbes as Fe biofertilizers as well as biopesticides. This review summarizes the progress in the understanding of the molecular overlap in the regulation of ISR and Fe deficiency responses in dicot plants. Root-associated mutualistic microbes, rhizobacteria and rhizofungi species, known for their ability to induce morphological and/or physiological responses to Fe deficiency in dicot plant species are also reviewed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J. Romera
- Department of Agronomy, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CeiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - María J. García
- Department of Botany, Ecology and Plant Physiology, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CeiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Carlos Lucena
- Department of Botany, Ecology and Plant Physiology, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CeiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ainhoa Martínez-Medina
- Molecular Interaction Ecology, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Miguel A. Aparicio
- Department of Microbiology, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CeiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - José Ramos
- Department of Microbiology, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CeiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Esteban Alcántara
- Department of Agronomy, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CeiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Macarena Angulo
- Department of Agronomy, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CeiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rafael Pérez-Vicente
- Department of Botany, Ecology and Plant Physiology, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CeiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
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16
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Li M, Wei Q, Xiao Y, Peng F. The effect of auxin and strigolactone on ATP/ADP isopentenyltransferase expression and the regulation of apical dominance in peach. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2018; 37:1693-1705. [PMID: 30182298 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-018-2343-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
We confirmed the roles of auxin, CK, and strigolactones in apical dominance in peach and established a model of plant hormonal control of apical dominance in peach. Auxin, cytokinin, and strigolactone play important roles in apical dominance. In this study, we analyzed the effect of auxin and strigolactone on the expression of ATP/ADP isopentenyltransferase (IPT) genes (key cytokinin biosynthesis genes) and the regulation of apical dominance in peach. After decapitation, the expression levels of PpIPT1, PpIPT3, and PpIPT5a in nodal stems sharply increased. This observation is consistent with the changes in tZ-type and iP-type cytokinin levels in nodal stems and axillary buds observed after treatment; these changes are required to promote the outgrowth of axillary buds in peach. These results suggest that ATP/ADP PpIPT genes in nodal stems are key genes for cytokinin biosynthesis, as they promote the outgrowth of axillary buds. We also found that auxin and strigolactone inhibited the outgrowth of axillary buds. After decapitation, IAA treatment inhibited the expression of ATP/ADP PpIPTs in nodal stems to impede the increase in cytokinin levels. By contrast, after GR24 (GR24 strigolactone) treatment, the expression of ATP/ADP IPT genes and cytokinin levels still increased markedly, but the rate of increase in gene expression was markedly lower than that observed after decapitation in the absence of IAA (indole-3-acetic acid) treatment. In addition, GR24 inhibited basipetal auxin transport at the nodes (by limiting the expression of PpPIN1a in nodal stems), thereby inhibiting ATP/ADP PpIPT expression in nodal stems. Therefore, strigolactone inhibits the outgrowth of axillary buds in peach only when terminal buds are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- MinJi Li
- Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100093, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinping Wei
- Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100093, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuansong Xiao
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - FuTian Peng
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, People's Republic of China.
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17
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García MJ, Corpas FJ, Lucena C, Alcántara E, Pérez-Vicente R, Zamarreño ÁM, Bacaicoa E, García-Mina JM, Bauer P, Romera FJ. A Shoot Fe Signaling Pathway Requiring the OPT3 Transporter Controls GSNO Reductase and Ethylene in Arabidopsis thaliana Roots. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1325. [PMID: 30254659 PMCID: PMC6142016 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Ethylene, nitric oxide (NO) and glutathione (GSH) increase in Fe-deficient roots of Strategy I species where they participate in the up-regulation of Fe acquisition genes. However, S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), derived from NO and GSH, decreases in Fe-deficient roots. GSNO content is regulated by the GSNO-degrading enzyme S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR). On the other hand, there are several results showing that the regulation of Fe acquisition genes does not solely depend on hormones and signaling molecules (such as ethylene or NO), which would act as activators, but also on the internal Fe content of plants, which would act as a repressor. Moreover, different results suggest that total Fe in roots is not the repressor of Fe acquisition genes, but rather the repressor is a Fe signal that moves from shoots to roots through the phloem [hereafter named LOng Distance Iron Signal (LODIS)]. To look further in the possible interactions between LODIS, ethylene and GSNOR, we compared Arabidopsis WT Columbia and LODIS-deficient mutant opt3-2 plants subjected to different Fe treatments that alter LODIS content. The opt3-2 mutant is impaired in the loading of shoot Fe into the phloem and presents constitutive expression of Fe acquisition genes. In roots of both Columbia and opt3-2 plants we determined 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC, ethylene precursor), expression of ethylene synthesis and signaling genes, and GSNOR expression and activity. The results obtained showed that both 'ethylene' (ACC and the expression of ethylene synthesis and signaling genes) and 'GSNOR' (expression and activity) increased in Fe-deficient WT Columbia roots. Additionally, Fe-sufficient opt3-2 roots had higher 'ethylene' and 'GSNOR' than Fe-sufficient WT Columbia roots. The increase of both 'ethylene' and 'GSNOR' was not related to the total root Fe content but to the absence of a Fe shoot signal (LODIS), and was associated with the up-regulation of Fe acquisition genes. The possible relationship between GSNOR(GSNO) and ethylene is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- María J. García
- Department of Botany, Ecology and Plant Physiology, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Corpas
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council, Granada, Spain
| | - Carlos Lucena
- Department of Agronomy, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Esteban Alcántara
- Department of Agronomy, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rafael Pérez-Vicente
- Department of Botany, Ecology and Plant Physiology, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ángel M. Zamarreño
- Department of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Eva Bacaicoa
- Department of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - José M. García-Mina
- Department of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Petra Bauer
- Institute of Botany, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Francisco J. Romera
- Department of Agronomy, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
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18
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Abstract
This review deals with two essential plant mineral nutrients, iron (Fe) and phosphorus (P); the acquisition of both has important environmental and economic implications. Both elements are abundant in soils but are scarcely available to plants. To prevent deficiency, dicot plants develop physiological and morphological responses in their roots to specifically acquire Fe or P. Hormones and signalling substances, like ethylene, auxin and nitric oxide (NO), are involved in the activation of nutrient-deficiency responses. The existence of common inducers suggests that they must act in conjunction with nutrient-specific signals in order to develop nutrient-specific deficiency responses. There is evidence suggesting that P- or Fe-related phloem signals could interact with ethylene and NO to confer specificity to the responses to Fe- or P-deficiency, avoiding their induction when ethylene and NO increase due to other nutrient deficiency or stress. The mechanisms responsible for such interaction are not clearly determined, and thus, the regulatory networks that allow or prevent cross talk between P and Fe deficiency responses remain obscure. Here, fragmented information is drawn together to provide a clearer overview of the mechanisms and molecular players involved in the regulation of the responses to Fe or P deficiency and their interactions.
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19
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Chen L, Wang G, Chen P, Zhu H, Wang S, Ding Y. Shoot-Root Communication Plays a Key Role in Physiological Alterations of Rice ( Oryza sativa) Under Iron Deficiency. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:757. [PMID: 29922324 PMCID: PMC5996241 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is an essential mineral element required for plant growth, and when soil availability of Fe is low, plants show symptoms of severe deficiency. Under conditions of Fe deficiency, plants alter several processes to acquire Fe from soil. In this study, we used rice cultivars H 9405 with high Fe accumulation in seeds and Yang 6 with low Fe accumulation in seeds to study their physiological responses to different conditions of Fe availability. In both shoots and roots, the responses of ROS enzymes, leaf and root ultrastructure and photosynthetic system to iron deficiency in Yang 6 were much sensitive than those in H 9405. For the distribution of iron, the iron content was much higher in roots of Yang 6, in contrast to higher shoot content in H 9405. Differential responses were shown with the Fe content in roots and shoots, which were the opposite in the two varieties; thus, we proposed the existence of long-distance signals. Then split root and shoot removal experiments were used to demonstrate that a long-distance signal was involved in the iron-deficient rice plant, and the signal strength was highly correlated with the functional leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gaopeng Wang
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pengfei Chen
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Honglei Zhu
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shaohua Wang
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanfeng Ding
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Garnica M, Bacaicoa E, Mora V, San Francisco S, Baigorri R, Zamarreño AM, Garcia-Mina JM. Shoot iron status and auxin are involved in iron deficiency-induced phytosiderophores release in wheat. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 18:105. [PMID: 29866051 PMCID: PMC5987636 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1324-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The release of phytosiderephores (PS) to the rhizosphere is the main root response to iron (Fe) deficiency in graminaceous plants. We have investigated the role of the Fe status in the shoot as well as of the signaling pathways controlled by three relevant phytoregulators - indolacetic acid (IAA), ethylene and nitric oxide (NO) - in the regulation of this root response in Fe-starved wheat plants. To this end, the PS accumulation in the nutrient solution and the root expression of the genes encoding the nicotianamine aminotransferase (TaNAAT) and ferritin (TaFER) have been evaluated in plants subjected to different treatments. RESULTS The application of Fe to leaves of Fe-deficient plants prevented the increase in both PS root release and TaNAAT gene expression thus showing the relevant role of the shoot to root communication in the regulation of PS root release and some steps of PS biosynthesis. Experiments with specific hormone inhibitors showed that while ethylene and NO did not positively regulate Fe-deficiency induced PS root release, auxin plays an essential role in the regulation of this process. Moreover, the application of IAA to Fe-sufficient plants promoted both PS root release and TaNAAT gene expression thus indicating that auxin might be involved in the shoot to root signaling network regulating Fe-deficiency root responses in wheat. CONCLUSIONS These results therefore indicate that PS root release in Fe-deficient wheat plants is directly modulated by the shoot Fe status through signaling pathways involving, among other possible effectors, auxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Garnica
- Department of Environmental Biology (BACh Group), School of Sciences, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra Spain
| | - Eva Bacaicoa
- Department of Environmental Biology (BACh Group), School of Sciences, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra Spain
| | - Veronica Mora
- Plant Physiology and Plant-Microorganism Laboratory, University of Rio Cuarto, Río Cuarto, Cordoba Argentina
| | - Sara San Francisco
- Technical and Development Department, Timac Agro Spain, Lodosa, Navarra Spain
| | - Roberto Baigorri
- Department of Environmental Biology (BACh Group), School of Sciences, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra Spain
- Technical and Development Department, Timac Agro Spain, Lodosa, Navarra Spain
| | - Angel Mari Zamarreño
- Department of Environmental Biology (BACh Group), School of Sciences, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra Spain
| | - Jose Maria Garcia-Mina
- Department of Environmental Biology (BACh Group), School of Sciences, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra Spain
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21
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Sánchez-Romera B, Calvo-Polanco M, Ruiz-Lozano JM, Zamarreño ÁM, Arbona V, García-Mina JM, Gómez-Cadenas A, Aroca R. Involvement of the def-1 Mutation in the Response of Tomato Plants to Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis Under Well-Watered and Drought Conditions. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 59:248-261. [PMID: 29165704 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcx178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonic acid (JA) and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbioses are known to protect plants against abiotic and biotic stresses, but are also involved in the regulation of root hydraulic conductance (L). The objective of this experiment was to elucidate the role of JA in the water relations and hormonal regulation of AM plants under drought by using tomato plants defective in the synthesis of JA (def-1). Our results showed that JA is involved in the uptake and transport of water through its effect on both physiological parameters (stomatal conductance and L) and molecular parameters, mainly by controlling the expression and abundance of aquaporins. We observed that def-1 plants increased the expression of seven plant aquaporin genes under well-watered conditions in the absence of AM fungus, which partly explain the increment of L by this mutation under well-watered conditions. In addition, the effects of the AM symbiosis on plants were modified by the def-1 mutation, with the expression of some aquaporins and plant hormone concentration being disturbed. On the other hand, methyl salicylate (MeSA) content was increased in non-mycorrhizal def-1 plants, suggesting that MeSA and JA can act together in the regulation of L. In a complementary experiment, it was found that exogenous MeSA increased L, confirming our hypothesis. Likewise, we confirmed that JA, ABA and SA are hormones involved in plant mechanisms to cope with stressful situations, their concentrations being controlled by the AM symbiosis. In conclusion, under well-watered conditions, the def-1 mutation mimics the effects of AM symbiosis, but under drought conditions the def-1 mutation changed the effects of the AM symbiosis on plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Sánchez-Romera
- Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, C/ Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Mónica Calvo-Polanco
- Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, C/ Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Ruiz-Lozano
- Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, C/ Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Ángel María Zamarreño
- Department of Environmental Biology, Agricultural Chemistry and Biology Group-CMI Roullier, Faculty of Sciences, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Vicent Arbona
- Departament de Ciències Agràries i del Medi Natural, Universitat Jaume I, E-12071, Castellò de la Plana, Spain
| | - Jose María García-Mina
- Department of Environmental Biology, Agricultural Chemistry and Biology Group-CMI Roullier, Faculty of Sciences, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Aurelio Gómez-Cadenas
- Departament de Ciències Agràries i del Medi Natural, Universitat Jaume I, E-12071, Castellò de la Plana, Spain
| | - Ricardo Aroca
- Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, C/ Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
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22
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Fan W, Wang H, Wu Y, Yang N, Yang J, Zhang P. H + -pyrophosphatase IbVP1 promotes efficient iron use in sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.]. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2017; 15:698-712. [PMID: 27864852 PMCID: PMC5425394 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) deficiency is one of the most common micronutrient deficiencies limiting crop production globally, especially in arid regions because of decreased availability of iron in alkaline soils. Sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] grows well in arid regions and is tolerant to Fe deficiency. Here, we report that the transcription of type I H+ -pyrophosphatase (H+ -PPase) gene IbVP1 in sweet potato plants was strongly induced by Fe deficiency and auxin in hydroponics, improving Fe acquisition via increased rhizosphere acidification and auxin regulation. When overexpressed, transgenic plants show higher pyrophosphate hydrolysis and plasma membrane H+ -ATPase activity compared with the wild type, leading to increased rhizosphere acidification. The IbVP1-overexpressing plants showed better growth, including enlarged root systems, under Fe-sufficient or Fe-deficient conditions. Increased ferric precipitation and ferric chelate reductase activity in the roots of transgenic lines indicate improved iron uptake, which is also confirmed by increased Fe content and up-regulation of Fe uptake genes, e.g. FRO2, IRT1 and FIT. Carbohydrate metabolism is significantly affected in the transgenic lines, showing increased sugar and starch content associated with the increased expression of AGPase and SUT1 genes and the decrease in β-amylase gene expression. Improved antioxidant capacities were also detected in the transgenic plants, which showed reduced H2 O2 accumulation associated with up-regulated ROS-scavenging activity. Therefore, H+ -PPase plays a key role in the response to Fe deficiency by sweet potato and effectively improves the Fe acquisition by overexpressing IbVP1 in crops cultivated in micronutrient-deficient soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijuan Fan
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of Plant Physiology and EcologyShanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Hongxia Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of Plant Physiology and EcologyShanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Yinliang Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of Plant Physiology and EcologyShanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Nan Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of Plant Physiology and EcologyShanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Jun Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and ResourcesShanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research CenterChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai Chenshan Botanical GardenShanghaiChina
| | - Peng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of Plant Physiology and EcologyShanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
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Kabir AH, Khatun MA, Hossain MM, Haider SA, Alam MF, Paul NK. Regulation of Phytosiderophore Release and Antioxidant Defense in Roots Driven by Shoot-Based Auxin Signaling Confers Tolerance to Excess Iron in Wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1684. [PMID: 27891139 PMCID: PMC5103167 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is essential but harmful for plants at toxic level. However, how wheat plants tolerate excess Fe remains vague. This study aims at elucidating the mechanisms underlying tolerance to excess Fe in wheat. Higher Fe concentration caused morpho-physiological retardation in BR 26 (sensitive) but not in BR 27 (tolerant). Phytosiderophore and 2-deoxymugineic acid showed no changes in BR 27 but significantly increased in BR 26 due to excess Fe. Further, expression of TaSAMS. TaDMAS1, and TaYSL15 significantly downregulated in BR 27 roots, while these were upregulated in BR 26 under excess Fe. It confirms that inhibition of phytosiderophore directs less Fe accumulation in BR 27. However, phytochelatin and expression of TaPCS1 and TaMT1 showed no significant induction in response to excess Fe. Furthermore, excess Fe showed increased catalase, peroxidase, and glutathione reductase activities along with glutathione, cysteine, and proline accumulation in roots in BR 27. Interestingly, BR 27 self-grafts and plants having BR 26 rootstock attached to BR 27 scion had no Fe-toxicity induced adverse effect on morphology but showed BR 27 type expressions, confirming that shoot-derived signal triggering Fe-toxicity tolerance in roots. Finally, auxin inhibitor applied with higher Fe concentration caused a significant decline in morpho-physiological parameters along with increased TaSAMS and TaDMAS1 expression in roots of BR 27, revealing the involvement of auxin signaling in response to excess Fe. These findings propose that tolerance to excess Fe in wheat is attributed to the regulation of phytosiderophore limiting Fe acquisition along with increased antioxidant defense in roots driven by shoot-derived auxin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad H. Kabir
- Plant and Crop Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of RajshahiRajshahi, Bangladesh
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24
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Shen C, Yang Y, Liu K, Zhang L, Guo H, Sun T, Wang H. Involvement of endogenous salicylic acid in iron-deficiency responses in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:4179-93. [PMID: 27208542 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Several phytohormones have been demonstrated to be involved in iron (Fe) homeostasis. We took advantage of a salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis defective mutant phytoalexin deficient 4 (pad4: T-DNA Salk_089936) to explore the possible effects of endogenous SA on the morphological and physiological responses to Fe deprivation. The morphological and physiological analysis was carried out between Col-0 and the pad4 mutant. Under an Fe-deficiency treatment, Col-0 showed more severe leaf chlorosis and root growth inhibition compared with the pad4 mutant. The soluble Fe concentrations were significantly higher in pad4 than in Col-0 under the Fe-deficiency treatment. Fe deficiency significantly induced SA accumulation in Col-0 and the loss-of-function of PAD4 blocked this process. The requirement of endogenous SA accumulation for Fe-deficiency responses was confirmed using a series of SA biosynthetic mutants and transgenic lines. Furthermore, a comparative RNA sequencing analysis of the whole seedling transcriptomes between Col-0 and the pad4 mutant was also performed. Based on the transcriptome data, the expression levels of many auxin- and ethylene-response genes were altered in pad4 compared with Col-0. Fe deficiency increases SA contents which elevates auxin and ethylene signalling, thereby activating Fe translocation via the bHLH38/39-mediated transcriptional regulation of downstream Fe genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenjia Shen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Yanjun Yang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Kaidong Liu
- Life Science and Technology School, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524048, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Hong Guo
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Tao Sun
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Huizhong Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
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25
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Li X, Jackson A, Xie M, Wu D, Tsai WC, Zhang S. Proteomic insights into floral biology. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2016; 1864:1050-60. [PMID: 26945514 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2016.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The flower is the most important biological structure for ensuring angiosperms reproductive success. Not only does the flower contain critical reproductive organs, but the wide variation in morphology, color, and scent has evolved to entice specialized pollinators, and arguably mankind in many cases, to ensure the successful propagation of its species. Recent proteomic approaches have identified protein candidates related to these flower traits, which has shed light on a number of previously unknown mechanisms underlying these traits. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in proteomic research in floral biology according to the order of flower structure, from corolla to male and female reproductive organs. It summarizes mainstream proteomic methods for plant research and recent improvements on two dimensional gel electrophoresis and gel-free workflows for both peptide level and protein level analysis. The recent advances in sequencing technologies provide a new paradigm for the ever-increasing genome and transcriptome information on many organisms. It is now possible to integrate genomic and transcriptomic data with proteomic results for large-scale protein characterization, so that a global understanding of the complex molecular networks in flower biology can be readily achieved. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Plant Proteomics--a bridge between fundamental processes and crop production, edited by Dr. Hans-Peter Mock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobai Li
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shiqiao Road 139, Hangzhou 310021, PR China; International Atomic Energy Agency Collaborating Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, PR China.
| | | | - Ming Xie
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shiqiao Road 139, Hangzhou 310021, PR China.
| | - Dianxing Wu
- International Atomic Energy Agency Collaborating Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, PR China
| | - Wen-Chieh Tsai
- Institute of Tropical Plant Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Facility, Cornell University, New York 14853, USA
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26
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Sánchez-Romera B, Ruiz-Lozano JM, Zamarreño ÁM, García-Mina JM, Aroca R. Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis and methyl jasmonate avoid the inhibition of root hydraulic conductivity caused by drought. MYCORRHIZA 2016; 26:111-22. [PMID: 26070449 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-015-0650-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Hormonal regulation and symbiotic relationships provide benefits for plants to overcome stress conditions. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effects of exogenous methyl jasmonate (MeJA) application on root hydraulic conductivity (L) of Phaseolus vulgaris plants which established arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis under two water regimes (well-watered and drought conditions). The variation in endogenous contents of several hormones (MeJA, JA, abscisic acid (ABA), indol-3-acetic acid (IAA), salicylic acid (SA)) and the changes in aquaporin gene expression, protein abundance and phosphorylation state were analyzed. AM symbiosis decreased L under well-watered conditions, which was partially reverted by the MeJA treatment, apparently by a drop in root IAA contents. Also, AM symbiosis and MeJA prevented inhibition of L under drought conditions, most probably by a reduction in root SA contents. Additionally, the gene expression of two fungal aquaporins was upregulated under drought conditions, independently of the MeJA treatment. Plant aquaporin gene expression could not explain the behaviour of L. Conversely, evidence was found for the control of L by phosphorylation of aquaporins. Hence, MeJA addition modified the response of L to both AM symbiosis and drought, presumably by regulating the root contents of IAA and SA and the phosphorylation state of aquaporins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Sánchez-Romera
- Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), C/ Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Ruiz-Lozano
- Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), C/ Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain
| | - Ángel María Zamarreño
- CIPAV TimacAGRO International-Roullier Group, Polígono Arazuri-Orcoyen, c/C no. 32, 31160, Orcoyen, Navarra, Spain
| | - José María García-Mina
- CIPAV TimacAGRO International-Roullier Group, Polígono Arazuri-Orcoyen, c/C no. 32, 31160, Orcoyen, Navarra, Spain
| | - Ricardo Aroca
- Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), C/ Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain.
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Lucena C, Romera FJ, García MJ, Alcántara E, Pérez-Vicente R. Ethylene Participates in the Regulation of Fe Deficiency Responses in Strategy I Plants and in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:1056. [PMID: 26640474 PMCID: PMC4661236 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is very abundant in most soils but its availability for plants is low, especially in calcareous soils. Plants have been divided into Strategy I and Strategy II species to acquire Fe from soils. Strategy I species apply a reduction-based uptake system which includes all higher plants except the Poaceae. Strategy II species apply a chelation-based uptake system which includes the Poaceae. To cope with Fe deficiency both type of species activate several Fe deficiency responses, mainly in their roots. These responses need to be tightly regulated to avoid Fe toxicity and to conserve energy. Their regulation is not totally understood but some hormones and signaling substances have been implicated. Several years ago it was suggested that ethylene could participate in the regulation of Fe deficiency responses in Strategy I species. In Strategy II species, the role of hormones and signaling substances has been less studied. However, in rice, traditionally considered a Strategy II species but that possesses some characteristics of Strategy I species, it has been recently shown that ethylene can also play a role in the regulation of some of its Fe deficiency responses. Here, we will review and discuss the data supporting a role for ethylene in the regulation of Fe deficiency responses in both Strategy I species and rice. In addition, we will review the data about ethylene and Fe responses related to Strategy II species. We will also discuss the results supporting the action of ethylene through different transduction pathways and its interaction with other signals, such as certain Fe-related repressive signals occurring in the phloem sap. Finally, the possible implication of ethylene in the interactions among Fe deficiency responses and the responses to other nutrient deficiencies in the plant will be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Lucena
- Department of Agronomy, University of CórdobaCórdoba, Spain
| | | | - María J. García
- Department of Botany, Ecology and Plant Physiology, University of CórdobaCórdoba, Spain
| | | | - Rafael Pérez-Vicente
- Department of Botany, Ecology and Plant Physiology, University of CórdobaCórdoba, Spain
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28
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Shen C, Yue R, Sun T, Zhang L, Yang Y, Wang H. OsARF16, a transcription factor regulating auxin redistribution, is required for iron deficiency response in rice (Oryza sativa L.). PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 231:148-58. [PMID: 25576000 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plant response to iron deficiency is the most important feature for survival in Fe-limited soils. Several phytohormones, including auxin, are involved in iron uptake and homeostasis. However, the mechanisms behind how auxin participates in the iron deficiency response in rice are largely unknown. We found that OsARF16 was involved in the iron deficiency response and the induction of iron deficiency response genes. Most Fe-deficient symptoms could be partially restored in the osarf16 mutant, including dwarfism, photosynthesis decline, a reduction in iron content and root system architecture (RSA) regulation. OsARF16 expression was induced in the roots and shoots by Fe deprivation. Restoration of the phenotype could also be mimicked by 1-NOA, an auxin influx inhibitor. Furthermore, the qRT-PCR data indicated that the induction of Fe-deficiency response genes by iron deficiency was more compromised in the osarf16 mutant than in Nipponbare. In conclusion, osarf16, an auxin insensitive mutant, was involved in iron deficiency response in rice. Our results reveal a new biological function for OsARF16 and provide important information on how ARF-medicated auxin signaling affects iron signaling and the iron deficiency response. This work may help us to improve production or increased Fe nutrition of rice to iron deficiency by regulating auxin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenjia Shen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China.
| | - Runqing Yue
- Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Tao Sun
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6430, USA
| | - Yanjun Yang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Huizhong Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China.
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29
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Zargar SM, Fujiwara M, Inaba S, Kobayashi M, Kurata R, Ogata Y, Fukao Y. Correlation analysis of proteins responsive to Zn, Mn, or Fe deficiency in Arabidopsis roots based on iTRAQ analysis. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2015; 34:157-66. [PMID: 25366567 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-014-1696-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Revised: 09/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
For discovering the functional correlation between the identified and quantified proteins by iTRAQ analysis, here we propose a correlation analysis method with cosine correlation coefficients as a powerful tool. iTRAQ analysis is a quantitative proteomics approach that enables identification and quantification of a large number of proteins. In order to obtain proteins responsive to Zn, Mn, or Fe mineral deficiency, we conducted iTRAQ analysis using a microsomal fraction of protein extractions from Arabidopsis root tissues. We identified and quantified 730 common proteins in three biological replicates with less than 1 % false discovery rate. To determine the role of these proteins in tolerating mineral deficiencies and their relation to each other, we calculated cosine correlation coefficients and represented the outcomes on a correlation map for visual understanding of functional relations among the identified proteins. Functionally similar proteins were gathered into the same clusters. Interestingly, a cluster of proteins (FRO2, IRT1, AHA2, PDR9/ABCG37, and GLP5) highly responsive to Fe deficiency was identified, which included both known and unknown novel proteins involved in tolerating Fe deficiency. We propose that the correlation analysis with the cosine correlation coefficients is a powerful method for finding important proteins of interest to several biological processes through comprehensive data sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Majeed Zargar
- Plant Global Education Project Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama, 8916-5, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan
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Gómez DA, Carpena RO. Effect of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid on organic acid exudation by the roots of white lupin plants grown under phosphorus-deficient conditions. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 171:1354-1361. [PMID: 25046756 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2014.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The effect of NAA (1-naphthaleneacetic acid) on organic acid exudation in white lupin plants grown under phosphorus deficiency was investigated. Plants were sampled periodically for collecting of organic acids (citrate, malate, succinate), and also were used to study the effect on proton extrusion and release of Na(+), K(+), Ca(2+) and Mg(2+). The tissues were later processed to quantify the organic acids in tissues, the phosphorus content and the effects on plant biomass. The exogenous addition of NAA led to an increase in organic acid exudation, but this response was not proportional to the concentration of the dose applied, noticing the largest increments with NAA 10(-8)M. In contrast the increase in root weight was proportional to the dose applied, which shows that with higher doses the roots produced are not of proteoid type. Proton extrusion and the release of cations were related to the NAA dose, the first was proportional to the dose applied and the second inversely proportional. Regarding the analysis of tissues, the results of citrate and phosphorus content in shoots show that the overall status of these parts are the main responsible of the organic acids exuded. NAA served as an enhancer of the organic acid exudation that occurs under phosphorus deficient conditions, with a response that depends on the dose applied, not only in its magnitude, but also in the mechanism of action of the plant hormone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego A Gómez
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Carretera Colmenar Viejo km 15, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ramón O Carpena
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Carretera Colmenar Viejo km 15, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Giehl RFH, Gruber BD, von Wirén N. It's time to make changes: modulation of root system architecture by nutrient signals. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2014; 65:769-78. [PMID: 24353245 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ert421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Root growth and development are of outstanding importance for the plant's ability to acquire water and nutrients from different soil horizons. To cope with fluctuating nutrient availabilities, plants integrate systemic signals pertaining to their nutritional status into developmental pathways that regulate the spatial arrangement of roots. Changes in the plant nutritional status and external nutrient supply modulate root system architecture (RSA) over time and determine the degree of root plasticity which is based on variations in the number, extension, placement, and growth direction of individual components of the root system. Roots also sense the local availability of some nutrients, thereby leading to nutrient-specific modifications in RSA, that result from the integration of systemic and local signals into the root developmental programme at specific steps. An in silico analysis of nutrient-responsive genes involved in root development showed that the majority of these specifically responded to the deficiency of individual nutrients while a minority responded to more than one nutrient deficiency. Such an analysis provides an interesting starting point for the identification of the molecular players underlying the sensing and transduction of the nutrient signals that mediate changes in the development and architecture of root systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo F H Giehl
- Molecular Plant Nutrition, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstr. 3, D-06466, Gatersleben, Germany
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Porcel R, Zamarreño ÁM, García-Mina JM, Aroca R. Involvement of plant endogenous ABA in Bacillus megaterium PGPR activity in tomato plants. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 14:36. [PMID: 24460926 PMCID: PMC3903769 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-14-36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are naturally occurring soil bacteria which benefit plants by improving plant productivity and immunity. The mechanisms involved in these processes include the regulation of plant hormone levels such as ethylene and abscisic acid (ABA). The aim of the present study was to determine whether the activity of Bacillus megaterium PGPR is affected by the endogenous ABA content of the host plant. The ABA-deficient tomato mutants flacca and sitiens and their near-isogenic wild-type parental lines were used. Growth, stomatal conductance, shoot hormone concentration, competition assay for colonization of tomato root tips, and root expression of plant genes expected to be modulated by ABA and PGPR were examined. RESULTS Contrary to the wild-type plants in which PGPR stimulated growth rates, PGPR caused growth inhibition in ABA-deficient mutant plants. PGPR also triggered an over accumulation of ethylene in ABA-deficient plants which correlated with a higher expression of the pathogenesis-related gene Sl-PR1b. CONCLUSIONS Positive correlation between over-accumulation of ethylene and a higher expression of Sl-PR1b in ABA-deficient mutant plants could indicate that maintenance of normal plant endogenous ABA content may be essential for the growth promoting action of B. megaterium by keeping low levels of ethylene production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Porcel
- Departamento de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbióticos, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (EEZ-CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Ángel María Zamarreño
- CIPAV TimacAGRO International-Roullier Group, Polígono Arazuri-Orkoien, c/C no. 32, 31160-Orkoien, Navarra, Spain
| | - José María García-Mina
- CIPAV TimacAGRO International-Roullier Group, Polígono Arazuri-Orkoien, c/C no. 32, 31160-Orkoien, Navarra, Spain
| | - Ricardo Aroca
- Departamento de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbióticos, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (EEZ-CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
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Matsuoka K, Furukawa J, Bidadi H, Asahina M, Yamaguchi S, Satoh S. Gibberellin-Induced Expression of Fe Uptake-Related Genes in Arabidopsis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 55:87-98. [DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pct160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Effects of leaf zeatin and zeatin riboside induced by different clipping heights on the regrowth capacity of ryegrass. Ecol Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11284-013-1107-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sudre D, Gutierrez-Carbonell E, Lattanzio G, Rellán-Álvarez R, Gaymard F, Wohlgemuth G, Fiehn O, Alvarez-Fernández A, Zamarreño AM, Bacaicoa E, Duy D, García-Mina JM, Abadía J, Philippar K, López-Millán AF, Briat JF. Iron-dependent modifications of the flower transcriptome, proteome, metabolome, and hormonal content in an Arabidopsis ferritin mutant. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2013; 64:2665-88. [PMID: 23682113 PMCID: PMC3697946 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ert112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Iron homeostasis is an important process for flower development and plant fertility. The role of plastids in these processes has been shown to be essential. To document the relationships between plastid iron homeostasis and flower biology further, a global study (transcriptome, proteome, metabolome, and hormone analysis) was performed of Arabidopsis flowers from wild-type and triple atfer1-3-4 ferritin mutant plants grown under iron-sufficient or excess conditions. Some major modifications in specific functional categories were consistently observed at these three omic levels, although no significant overlaps of specific transcripts and proteins were detected. These modifications concerned redox reactions and oxidative stress, as well as amino acid and protein catabolism, this latter point being exemplified by an almost 10-fold increase in urea concentration of atfer1-3-4 flowers from plants grown under iron excess conditions. The mutant background caused alterations in Fe-haem redox proteins located in membranes and in hormone-responsive proteins. Specific effects of excess Fe in the mutant included further changes in these categories, supporting the idea that the mutant is facing a more intense Fe/redox stress than the wild type. The mutation and/or excess Fe had a strong impact at the membrane level, as denoted by the changes in the transporter and lipid metabolism categories. In spite of the large number of genes and proteins responsive to hormones found to be regulated in this study, changes in the hormonal balance were restricted to cytokinins, especially in the mutant plants grown under Fe excess conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Sudre
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Montpellier 2, SupAgro. Bat 7, 2 place Viala, 34060 Montpellier cedex 1, France.
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Kabir AH, Paltridge NG, Roessner U, Stangoulis JCR. Mechanisms associated with Fe-deficiency tolerance and signaling in shoots of Pisum sativum. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2013; 147:381-95. [PMID: 22913816 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3054.2012.01682.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2012] [Revised: 06/13/2012] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Mechanisms of Fe-deficiency tolerance and signaling were investigated in shoots of Santi (deficiency tolerant) and Parafield (deficiency intolerant) pea genotypes using metabolomic and physiological approaches. From metabolomic studies, Fe deficiency induced significant increases in N-, S- and tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolites in Santi but not in Parafield. Elevated N metabolites reflect an increase in N-recycling processes. Increased glutathione and S-metabolites suggest better protection of pea plants from Fe-deficiency-induced oxidative stress. Furthermore, Fe-deficiency induced increases in citrate and malate in leaves of Santi suggests long-distance transport of Fe is promoted by better xylem unloading. Supporting a role of citrate in the deficiency tolerance mechanism, physiological experiments showed higher Fe and citrate in the xylem of Santi. Reciprocal-grafting experiments confirm that the Fe-deficiency signal driving root Fe reductase and proton extrusion activity is generated in the shoot. Finally, our studies show that auxin can induce increased Fe-reductase activity and proton extrusion in roots. This article identifies several mechanisms in shoots associated with the differential Fe-deficiency tolerance of genotypes within a species, and provides essential background for future efforts to improve the Fe content and deficiency tolerance in peas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad H Kabir
- School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, 5042, SA, Australia.
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García MJ, Romera FJ, Stacey MG, Stacey G, Villar E, Alcántara E, Pérez-Vicente R. Shoot to root communication is necessary to control the expression of iron-acquisition genes in Strategy I plants. PLANTA 2013; 237:65-75. [PMID: 22983673 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-012-1757-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Previous research showed that auxin, ethylene, and nitric oxide (NO) can activate the expression of iron (Fe)-acquisition genes in the roots of Strategy I plants grown with low levels of Fe, but not in plants grown with high levels of Fe. However, it is still an open question as to how Fe acts as an inhibitor and which pool of Fe (e.g., root, phloem, etc.) in the plant acts as the key regulator for gene expression control. To further clarify this, we studied the effect of the foliar application of Fe on the expression of Fe-acquisition genes in several Strategy I plants, including wild-type cultivars of Arabidopsis [Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh], pea [Pisum sativum L.], tomato [Solanum lycopersicon Mill.], and cucumber [Cucumis sativus L.], as well as mutants showing constitutive expression of Fe-acquisition genes when grown under Fe-sufficient conditions [Arabidopsis opt3-2 and frd3-3, pea dgl and brz, and tomato chln (chloronerva)]. The results showed that the foliar application of Fe blocked the expression of Fe-acquisition genes in the wild-type cultivars and in the frd3-3, brz, and chln mutants, but not in the opt3-2 and dgl mutants, probably affected in the transport of a Fe-related repressive signal in the phloem. Moreover, the addition of either ACC (ethylene precursor) or GSNO (NO donor) to Fe-deficient plants up-regulated the expression of Fe-acquisition genes, but this effect did not occur in Fe-deficient plants sprayed with foliar Fe, again suggesting the existence of a Fe-related repressive signal moving from leaves to roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- María J García
- Department of Botany, Ecology and Plant Physiology, Edificio Celestino Mutis C-4, Campus de Rabanales, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
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García-Mina JM, Bacaicoa E, Fuentes M, Casanova E. Fine regulation of leaf iron use efficiency and iron root uptake under limited iron bioavailability. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2013. [PMID: 23199685 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2012.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have investigated the molecular and physiological-morphological mechanisms induced in plant roots in response to specific nutrient deficiencies. Both transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms are involved that increase root uptake under nutrient deficiency. Root nutrient deficiency-stress root responses are mainly regulated by the nutrient status in the shoot. The signals involved in shoot to root cross-talk regulation processes for the activation of nutrient-deficiency induced root responses are not clearly elucidated. The physiological-molecular events in the leaf linked to the nutrient availability for metabolic use, are also poorly known. In this context, we focus our attention on iron plant nutrition. Some experimental evidence suggests the existence of a regulatory system concerned with the optimization of the metabolic use of iron, mainly under conditions of iron starvation. This system seems to be activated by the deficiency in iron-availability for metabolic processes in the leaf and regulates the activation of some iron-stress root responses. This regulation seems to be probably expressed by affecting the production and/or translocation of the activating signal sent from the shoot to the root under conditions of iron deficiency in the shoot.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M García-Mina
- R&D Department (CIPAV-Roullier Group) Timac Agro, Polígono Arazuri-Orcoyen c/C, 31160 Orcoyen (Navarra), Spain.
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