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Vavassori M, Donzelli G. Impact of COVID-19 restrictive measures during lockdown period on eating disorders: An umbrella review. Nutrition 2024; 124:112463. [PMID: 38749229 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/17/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has sparked or amplified many mental health problems. The aim of this study was to compile evidence from existing systematic reviews to provide an overall assessment of the impact of social restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic on people affected by eating disorders (EDs). PubMed and Scopus were searched up to August 16, 2023. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses were selected using the PRISMA 2020 statement. The quality assessment of the included studies was conducted using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Systematic Reviews and Research Syntheses. Eleven studies were included in this umbrella review. Six main categories emerged from the studies described in the review: dietary changes and psychopathological effects showed an overall worsening of symptomatology; in studies concerning the impact of isolation and restrictive measures, it was found that social distancing was associated with feelings of loneliness, anxiety, and depression; limited access to direct care was found and therapeutic changes were made; the influence of mass media negatively impacted people with ED; several studies reported positive findings regarding symptomatology; finally, studies regarding 'impact on vulnerable populations showed that vulnerable people are more at risk of reporting body image distortion and eating disorders. The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted most of the population with ED leading to a worsening of specific symptomatology. In addition, this worsening of the condition may be caused by limited access to care and treatment, changes in routine, or to the negative influence of the media.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriele Donzelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Institute of Clinical Physiology of the National Research Council (CNR-IFC), Pisa, Italy
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Stopford MD, Maisto A, Friedlander W. A description of COVID-19 related delusional content in admissions to an acute psychiatric unit. S Afr J Psychiatr 2024; 30:2275. [PMID: 39114754 PMCID: PMC11304377 DOI: 10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v30i0.2275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic had a profound global impact, affecting individuals, including those with mental illness, through early and widespread information dissemination. Although the neurobiological basis of delusions remains unclear, external stimuli and historical events are known to influence them. The pandemic provided a unique opportunity to explore this phenomenon. Aim To determine the prevalence of COVID-19-related delusional content, among individuals presenting for treatment of psychosis during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic and investigate associated clinical and demographic factors. Setting Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital in-patient psychiatry department. Methods Data were extracted retrospectively from adult psychiatric admissions spanning April to September 2020 on patients whose presenting complaints included delusions. Demographic factors, symptoms, psychiatric, medical and substance use history, and a documented Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) diagnosis by the attending psychiatrist were collected. Results The prevalence of COVID-19-related delusional content was 25.5%. Significant demographic association was observed with education level of Grade 12 and above (p = 0.000338). The odds of a diagnosis of schizophrenia and related disorders were 2.72 times greater than mood and psychotic disorder due to another medical condition in those with COVID- 19-related delusional content (OR 2.19, 95% CI: [1.4-3.4]). Conclusion The presence of COVID-19-related delusional content in patients admitted to hospital with psychosis provides further evidence of the role of external stimuli in the formation of delusions. Contribution This study underscores the influence of socio-cultural factors on delusions and advocates for interventions and expanded research to address mental health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc D Stopford
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Alexandra Maisto
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Wendy Friedlander
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Tagliabue I, Caldiroli A, Capuzzi E, Borgonovo R, Scalia A, Ferrè A, Sibilla M, Turco M, Affaticati LM, Crespi G, Galimberti G, Dakanalis A, Colmegna F, Buoli M, Clerici M. Which Factors Are Associated With Comorbid Psychiatric Conditions in Patients Affected by Substance Use Disorders? The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Dual-Diagnosis Subjects. J Dual Diagn 2024; 20:201-209. [PMID: 38728603 DOI: 10.1080/15504263.2024.2346519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate demographic/cinical variables associated to dual diagnosis and the psychological reaction of dual-diagnosis patients to COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Information was collected at the Addiction Service of Monza, Italy. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), a self-report questionnaire measuring the subjective response to a traumatic event, was administered. Univariate analyses and binary logistic regression were performed. IES-R scores were compared between groups defined by qualitative variables through one-way analyses of variance (ANOVA). RESULTS 118 outpatients were included, 48.3% with dual diagnosis. Alcohol use disorder and being female were associated to dual diagnosis. IES-R scores were significantly higher in the dual-diagnosis group, especially for personality disorders (PDs). IES-R scores were higher in patients taking treatment for substance use disorder (SUD). CONCLUSIONS Females and alcohol abusers were at-risk subjects for dual diagnosis. Patients with SUD and PDs may benefit from additional support, especially when traumatic life events occur. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04694482.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Tagliabue
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Alice Caldiroli
- Department of Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza Italy
| | - Enrico Capuzzi
- Department of Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza Italy
| | - Riccardo Borgonovo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Alberto Scalia
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ferrè
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Matteo Sibilla
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Marco Turco
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Giovanna Crespi
- Department of Mental Health and Addiction, ASST Brianza, Vimercate, Italy
| | | | - Antonios Dakanalis
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- Department of Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza Italy
| | - Fabrizia Colmegna
- Department of Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza Italy
| | - Massimiliano Buoli
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Clerici
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- Department of Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza Italy
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Nakasujja N, Alinaitwe R, Nakigudde J, Turiho A, Birabwa-Oketcho H, Musisi S. "I was also trying to protect myself and save my life," experiences of people living with severe mental illness and their caregivers regarding COVID-19 response in Uganda. Glob Ment Health (Camb) 2024; 11:e72. [PMID: 39257678 PMCID: PMC11383974 DOI: 10.1017/gmh.2024.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction People with severe mental illness (SMI) are highly vulnerable and more affected by epidemics than the general population. They encounter limited access to care, miss out on infection prevention measures and are more prone to relapses. Objectives This study explored the experiences of individuals with SMI and their caregivers in Uganda during the COVID-19 pandemic. Its focus was on the impact of COVID-19 and its response measures on their mental health. Methods The study was conducted at three sites; a national referral mental hospital, a regional referral hospital and a district hospital. Participants included persons with SMI, their caregivers and mental health professionals. Data collection involved in-depth interviews, key informant interviews and focus group discussions. Phenomenological thematic analysis was employed. Results The key themes identified encompassed challenges in accessing mental health services, disrupted routine care, the impact of lockdown measures and discrimination. Conclusion The findings highlight the unique challenges faced by individuals with SMI and their caregivers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Uganda. There is need for interventions focusing on continued access to care, improving information dissemination and addressing the psychological impact of containment measures on people with SMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noeline Nakasujja
- Department of Psychiatry, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Racheal Alinaitwe
- Department of Psychiatry, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Janet Nakigudde
- Department of Psychiatry, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Andrew Turiho
- Department of Psychiatry, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Seggane Musisi
- Department of Psychiatry, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
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Nam Chan JK, Chang DHH, Fung VSC, Ching Chui EM, Wong CSM, Chu RST, So YK, Chan JMT, Chung AKK, Lee KCK, Cheng CPW, Lo HKY, Law CW, Chan WC, Chang WC. Prevalence and correlates of depression, anxiety and trauma-like symptoms in Chinese psychiatric patients during the fifth wave of COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study in Hong Kong. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:372. [PMID: 38760703 PMCID: PMC11100058 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05815-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychiatric patients are susceptible to adverse mental health outcome during COVID-19 pandemic, but its associated factors are understudied. This observational cross-sectional study aimed to comprehensively examine prevalence and correlates of psychological distress, in terms of depression, anxiety and post-traumatic-stress-disorder (PTSD)-like symptoms, among Chinese adult psychiatric outpatients amidst the peak of fifth COVID-19 wave in Hong-Kong. METHODS A total of 415 patients (comprising 246 patients with common-mental-disorders [CMD] and 169 with severe-mental-disorders [SMD]) and 399 demographically-matched controls without mental disorders were assessed with self-rated questionnaires between 28-March and 8-April-2022, encompassing illness profile, mental health symptoms, psychosocial measures (loneliness, resilience, coping styles) and COVID-19 related factors. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine variables associated with moderate-to-severe depressive, anxiety and PTSD-like symptoms among psychiatric patients. RESULTS Our results showed that CMD patients had the greatest psychological distress relative to SMD patients and controls. Approximately 40-55% CMD patients and 25% SMD patients exhibited moderate-to-severe depression, anxiety and PTSD-like symptoms. Multivariable regression analyses revealed that female gender, lower educational attainment, single marital status, being housewife, more severe insomnia, psychotic-like symptoms and cognitive complaints, self-harm behavior, lower resilience, avoidance coping, never contracting COVID-19 infection, greater fear of contagion, and longer exposure to pandemic-related information were independently associated with depression, anxiety and/or PTSD-like symptoms in psychiatric patients. CONCLUSIONS Our results affirm increased vulnerability of psychiatric patients toward psychological distress during pandemic. An array of identified correlates facilitates early detection of high-risk psychiatric patients for targeted strategies to minimize pandemic-related negative psychological impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Kwun Nam Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Don Ho Hin Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Vivian Shi Cheng Fung
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Corine Sau Man Wong
- School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ryan Sai Ting Chu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuen Kiu So
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jacob Man Tik Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Albert Kar Kin Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Krystal Chi Kei Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Calvin Pak Wing Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Heidi Ka Ying Lo
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi Wing Law
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wai Chi Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing Chung Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
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Soreca I, Boudreaux-Kelly M, Seo YJ, Haas G. The Impact of the Global Pandemic on Veterans with Serious Mental Illness (SMI): Healthcare Utilization and Mortality. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:356. [PMID: 38785847 PMCID: PMC11117568 DOI: 10.3390/bs14050356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with serious mental illness (SMI) experience barriers to accessing and engaging with healthcare, which may have been exacerbated during the emergence of the global pandemic and the rapid shift to telemedicine platforms, substantially decreasing healthcare utilization for non-COVID-19 disorders. Important repercussions on morbidity and mortality may be seen in the months and years to come, which may disproportionately affect high-risk populations, such as patients with SMI, with reduced access to technology platforms. In this study, we explored the impact of the pandemic on healthcare utilization and all-cause mortality rate in SMI compared to non-SMI individuals for the months of March-September 2020 and the same two quarters in 2019. METHODS Data were obtained from the VA Corporate Data Warehouse (CDW), a data repository from clinical and administrative VA systems. The sample included veterans with ≥1 outpatient clinical encounter nationally between 1 January 2019 and 31 December 2020. RESULTS The cohort for this study included 1,018,047 veterans receiving care through the Veterans Health Administration between 2019 and 2020. Of those, 339,349 had a diagnosis of SMI. Patients with SMI had a significantly larger pre-post-pandemic decrease in outpatient (49.7%, p < 0.001), inpatient (14.4%, p < 0.001), and ED (14.5%, p < 0.001) visits compared to non-SMI patients. Overall, 3752 (1.59%) veterans without SMI and 4562 (1.93%) veterans with SMI died during our observation period. Veterans without SMI who died during the observation period were more likely to have had a positive COVID-19 test compared to veterans with SMI. Unadjusted analyses showed that veterans with SMI were approximately 2.5 times more likely to die than veterans without SMI during the first 6 months of the pandemic, compared to the same two quarters of the previous year. However, after adjustment by pertinent covariates, the predictors associated with an increased risk of death from SMI were older age, being male, a higher CAN score, more inpatient stays in the pre period compared to post, and a positive COVID-19 test. DISCUSSION Consistent with our initial hypothesis, all the indices of healthcare utilization, namely the number of outpatient, inpatient, and ED visits, significantly decreased between pre- and post-pandemic and did more so for veterans with SMI, despite having more chronic medical illnesses and being prescribed more medications than veterans without SMI. On the other hand, while mortality was greater post-pandemic, factors such as age, morbidity, and having a positive COVID-19 test predicted mortality above and beyond having an SMI diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Soreca
- VISN 4 Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15240, USA
| | - Monique Boudreaux-Kelly
- VISN 4 Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15240, USA
| | - Yeon-Jung Seo
- Department of Statistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;
| | - Gretchen Haas
- VISN 4 Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15240, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Ninou A, Peritogiannis V, Tzimogianni SM, Fotopoulou V, Bakola M, Jelastopulu E. Clinical Outcome in Persons with Severe Mental Disorders Attending a Mental Health Day Center during the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1241. [PMID: 38592080 PMCID: PMC10932023 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13051241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies assessing the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on populations highlight the emergence of mental health difficulties, especially if a mental health disorder is already present. Patients with severe mental illnesses (SMIs) may be even more vulnerable to the psychosocial effects of the pandemic. However, little is known regarding the possible impact of the pandemic on SMI patients supported by community-based mental health day centers. METHODS A two-year prospective study comprising 29 individuals with SMI was conducted by the Skitali Mental Health Day Center in Ioannina, Northwest Greece. The described group of examined patients consisted mainly of psychotic patients (65.5%). Patients were assessed using the Health of Nations Outcome Scale and the Global Assessment of Functioning scale, and scores prior to and after the onset of the pandemic were compared. RESULTS The results indicated that participants did not present any significant decline in their overall clinical status during the COVID-19 pandemic and the national lockdown measures. CONCLUSIONS This finding is relevant because previous research has shown that the pandemic may negatively impact adherence to treatment and service attendance and that the symptomatology of patients with SMIs may further deteriorate. It is suggested that the operation of mental health day centers during collective stressful events should be preserved, but further research is needed to evaluate their role in maintaining continuity of care during such events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki Ninou
- Skitali Mental Health Day Center, Society for the Promotion of Mental Health in Epirus, 44445 Ioannina, Greece; (A.N.)
| | - Vaios Peritogiannis
- Skitali Mental Health Day Center, Society for the Promotion of Mental Health in Epirus, 44445 Ioannina, Greece; (A.N.)
- Mobile Mental Health Unit of the Prefectures of Ioannina and Thesprotia, Society for the Promotion of Mental Health in Epirus, 44445 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Sophia Maria Tzimogianni
- Mobile Mental Health Unit of the Prefectures of Ioannina and Thesprotia, Society for the Promotion of Mental Health in Epirus, 44445 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Vassiliki Fotopoulou
- Skitali Mental Health Day Center, Society for the Promotion of Mental Health in Epirus, 44445 Ioannina, Greece; (A.N.)
| | - Maria Bakola
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Eleni Jelastopulu
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
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Tripoli G, Lo Duca S, Ferraro L, Zahid U, Mineo R, Seminerio F, Bruno A, Di Giorgio V, Maniaci G, Marrazzo G, Sartorio C, Scaglione A, La Barbera D, La Cascia C. Lifestyles and Quality of Life of People with Mental Illness During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Community Ment Health J 2024; 60:37-46. [PMID: 36781688 PMCID: PMC9925225 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-023-01095-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the quality of life (QoL), daily lifestyle, and mental health of people suffering from a mental disorder. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the prolongation of the COVID-19 emergency on QoL and lifestyles in a sample of 100 outpatients at the Psychiatry Unit in Palermo University Hospital, Italy. QoL was measured through the 12-item Short Form Survey and the COV19-Impact on Quality of Life. Lifestyle changes during the pandemic were measured through the lifestyle change questionnaire. The majority of participants reported a great impact of COVID-19 on the QoL, and almost half reported worsened lifestyles. Worsened lifestyles were predictive of both poor mental and physical health related QoL. These results suggest that people with mental illness need interventions targeting lifestyles, and the mental health service in Italy should adjust to the ongoing pandemic, developing virtual treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Tripoli
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy.
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche 2, 90127, Palermo, Italy.
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, SE5 8AF, London, UK.
| | - Sofia Lo Duca
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
- Unit of Psychiatry, University Hospital "Paolo Giaccone", Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Laura Ferraro
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Uzma Zahid
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, SE5 8AF, London, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Warneford Ln, Headington, OX3 7JX, Oxford, UK
| | - Raffaella Mineo
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Fabio Seminerio
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
- Unit of Psychiatry, University Hospital "Paolo Giaccone", Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bruno
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vanessa Di Giorgio
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maniaci
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
- Unit of Psychiatry, University Hospital "Paolo Giaccone", Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanna Marrazzo
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
- Unit of Psychiatry, University Hospital "Paolo Giaccone", Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Crocettarachele Sartorio
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
- Unit of Psychiatry, University Hospital "Paolo Giaccone", Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Scaglione
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
- Unit of Psychiatry, University Hospital "Paolo Giaccone", Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniele La Barbera
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
- Unit of Psychiatry, University Hospital "Paolo Giaccone", Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Caterina La Cascia
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
- Unit of Psychiatry, University Hospital "Paolo Giaccone", Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
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Wickens CM, Popal V, Fecteau V, Amoroso C, Stoduto G, Rodak T, Li LY, Hartford A, Wells S, Elton-Marshall T, Hamilton HA, Taylor GW, Kupferschmidt KL, Agic B. The mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic among individuals with depressive, anxiety, and stressor-related disorders: A scoping review. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295496. [PMID: 38096173 PMCID: PMC10721054 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A scoping review of studies published in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic focused on individuals with pre-existing symptoms of depression, anxiety, and specified stressor-related disorders, with the objective of mapping the research conducted. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA (1) direct study of individuals with pre-existing depressive, anxiety, and/or specified stressor-related (i.e., posttraumatic stress, acute stress) disorders/issues; (2) focus on mental health-related pandemic effects, and; (3) direct study of mental health symptoms related to depression, anxiety, or psychological distress. SOURCES OF EVIDENCE Database-specific subject headings and natural language keywords were searched in Medline, Embase, APA PsycInfo, and Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) up to March 3, 2021. Review of potentially relevant studies was conducted by two independent reviewers and proceeded in two stages: (1) title and abstract review, and; (2) full paper review. DATA CHARTING Study details (i.e., location, design and methodology, sample or population, outcome measures, and key findings) were extracted from included studies by one reviewer and confirmed by the Principal Investigator. RESULTS 66 relevant articles from 26 countries were identified. Most studies adopted a cross-sectional design and were conducted via online survey. About half relied on general population samples, with the remainder assessing special populations, primarily mental health patients. The most commonly reported pre-existing category of disorders or symptoms was depression, followed closely by anxiety. Most studies included depressive and anxiety symptoms as outcome measures and demonstrated increased vulnerability to mental health symptoms among individuals with a pre-existing mental health issue. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that improved mental health supports are needed during the pandemic and point to future research needs, including reviews of other diagnostic categories and reviews of research published in subsequent years of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine M. Wickens
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Veda Popal
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Liberal Arts & Sciences, Humber College, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Venesa Fecteau
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Liberal Arts & Sciences, Humber College, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Courtney Amoroso
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Liberal Arts & Sciences, Humber College, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gina Stoduto
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Terri Rodak
- Department of Education, CAMH Library, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lily Y. Li
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amanda Hartford
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Sciences, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | - Samantha Wells
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tara Elton-Marshall
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario
| | - Hayley A. Hamilton
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Graham W. Taylor
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
- Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Canada CIFAR AI Chair, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kristina L. Kupferschmidt
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
- Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Branka Agic
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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10
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Shin S, Joung J. COVID-19 coping experiences of individuals with schizophrenia: A grounded theory approach in Korea. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2023; 32:1713-1723. [PMID: 37522422 DOI: 10.1111/inm.13197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Humankind has responded to the profound medical, economic, social, and cultural consequences of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by employing various strategies. However, although individuals with mental disorders, including schizophrenia, have suffered more challenges from the infectious disease spread, they have received inadequate attention and care. Hence, this study aimed to explore the experiences of individuals with schizophrenia coping with COVID-19; one-to-one interviews were conducted with 17 individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia in Korea. The data were analysed using grounded theory methodology. The results showed that individuals with schizophrenia became distanced from the routine care they received before COVID-19, faced a dual threat from their mental illness and the emerging infectious disease, and experienced inequity and paradoxical situations. Nevertheless, they strived to live their daily lives by utilizing non-face-to-face access, seeking support from mental health professionals, and devising self-help measures. Moreover, reflecting on their lives throughout the pandemic after returning to their regular daily lives provided an opportunity for healing and growth. This study's results can provide evidence for treating individuals with schizophrenia and other mental disorders during subsequent infectious disease spread. Practical policies and interventions tailored to their vulnerabilities are required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jaewon Joung
- College of Nursing, Research Institute of Nursing Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
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11
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Joung J, Choi DJ. Infection Anxiety and Coping Strategies Among Individuals With Schizophrenia During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Mediating Effects of Protection Motivation. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv 2023; 61:43-51. [PMID: 37256744 DOI: 10.3928/02793695-20230523-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The current study determined the mediating effects of protection motivation factors (PMFs) on the relationship between infection anxiety and coping strategies among individuals with schizophrenia during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Data were collected using a questionnaire administered to 139 individuals with schizophrenia between September and October 2021. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analyses based on the Baron and Kenny criteria. Problem-based coping (PBC) was positively correlated with perceived vulnerability (r = 0.385, p < 0.001) and self-efficacy (r = 0.321, p < 0.001) among the PMFs and with infection anxiety (r = 0.517, p < 0.001); perceived self-efficacy (β = 0.23 p = 0.002) had a partial mediating effect (Z = 1.99, p = 0.047) on the relationship between infection anxiety and PBC, confirming the importance of perceived self-efficacy among individuals with schizophrenia in developing positive coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, developing measures that promote perceived self-efficacy and build accurate situational awareness are essential to strengthen such patients' coping strategies during a pandemic. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 61(11), 43-51.].
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12
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Gaynor N, Fitzgerald L. Mind-Wandering and Its Relationship With Psychological Wellbeing and Obsessive-Compulsive Symptomatology in the Context of Covid-19. Psychol Rep 2023:332941231203563. [PMID: 37787173 DOI: 10.1177/00332941231203563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Mind-wandering (MW) as a research topic has received considerable attention over the last several decades. The recent differentiation between spontaneous and deliberate MW has suggested a particular effect of the former on psychopathology; in that increased spontaneous MW may precede mental illness. The present study sought to explore MW as a potential contributing factor to poor mental health in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic. More specifically, we sought to determine firstly, whether the effects of MW frequency, type and content on subjective psychological wellbeing was consistent with previous findings after controlling for the impacts of Covid-related stress. Secondly, previous research has demonstrated an effect of both Covid-stress and spontaneous MW on the experience of obsessive-compulsive symptomatology (OCS), and so the present study explored this relationship further by assessing whether Covid-stress mediated the relationship between spontaneous MW and OCS. Participants completed measures of MW, OCS and psychological wellbeing through an online questionnaire. The results indicated that increased spontaneous MW was indicative of both poorer subjective psychological wellbeing and OCS, with Covid-stress partially mediating the relationship between spontaneous MW and OCS. Our findings provide further support for the adverse effect of unintentional MW on psychological wellbeing, as well as for the differentiation between both forms of the cognitive phenomenon. Additionally, they provide an important insight into one of the factors that may have preceded poor mental health among the Irish population during Covid-19. Future research may build upon the present study by exploring similar relationships among clinical populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niamh Gaynor
- School of Psychology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lisa Fitzgerald
- School of Psychology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
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13
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Shanmugam K, Venkatesan S, Ramalingam S, Thangaraj P. Experiences of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 - A single centre qualitative study. J Family Med Prim Care 2023; 12:2154-2160. [PMID: 38024879 PMCID: PMC10657048 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_902_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction COVID-19 pandemic caused a huge impact on the healthcare system worldwide. With a spectrum of outcome ranging from mild symptoms to mortality, the experiences of patients admitted in isolation wards have not been documented. Objective To explore the experience of COVID-19 patients during hospitalization during the early phase of pandemic. Materials and Methods A qualitative study using in-depth interviews was conducted among 30 COVID positive patients admitted in COVID wards of a private medical college in Coimbatore, South India between May and June 2020. Qualitative data analysis was done using the seven steps of Colaizzi's descriptive phenomenological method. Results The experiences of COVID-19 patients during their hospitalization were categorized into three themes. Firstly, their initial reaction to being diagnosed positive for COVID-19. Secondly, experience during hospitalization with regards to their mental health, treatment providers, caregivers (family and relatives) and other COVID patients admitted in the same ward. Lastly, perceived change in their quality of life after discharge. Conclusion The study highlights that the psychological experiences of COVID-19 patients admitted to the hospital were heterogeneous. Therefore, primary care physicians should provide individualized psychological interventions based on the needs. Since many expressed fear on diagnosis and stigma of the disease, hence policy makers and health care providers should plan intervention for control and treatment without causing stigma to patients and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthikeyan Shanmugam
- Department of Community Medicine, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sandhiya Venkatesan
- Department of Community Medicine, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sudha Ramalingam
- Department of Community Medicine, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Prabha Thangaraj
- Department of Community Medicine, Trichy SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India
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14
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Berglund AM, Raugh IM, Macdonald KI, James SH, Bartolomeo LA, Knippenberg AR, Strauss GP. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on hallucinations and delusions in youth at clinical high-risk for psychosis and outpatients with schizophrenia. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2023; 273:1329-1338. [PMID: 36680609 PMCID: PMC9862234 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-023-01551-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Although the COVID-19 pandemic has had detrimental effects on mental health in the general population, the impact on those with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders has received relatively little attention. Assessing pandemic-related changes in positive symptoms is particularly critical to inform treatment protocols and determine whether fluctuations in hallucinations and delusions are related to telehealth utilization and treatment adherence. In the current longitudinal study, we evaluated changes in the frequency of hallucinations and delusions and distress resulting from them across three-time points. Participants included: (1) outpatients with chronic schizophrenia (SZ: n = 32) and healthy controls (CN: n = 31); (2) individuals at clinically high risk for psychosis (CHR: n = 25) and CN (n = 30). A series of questionnaires were administered to assess hallucination and delusion severity, medication adherence, telehealth utilization, and protective factors during the pandemic. While there were no significant increases in the frequency of hallucinations and delusions in SZ and CHR, distress increased from pre-pandemic to early pandemic in both groups and then decreased at the third time point. Additionally, changes in positive symptom severity in SZ were related to psychiatric medication adherence. Findings suggest that positive symptoms are a critical treatment target during the pandemic and that ongoing medication services will be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alysia M Berglund
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, 125 Baldwin St., Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Ian M Raugh
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, 125 Baldwin St., Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Kelsey I Macdonald
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, 125 Baldwin St., Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Sydney H James
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, 125 Baldwin St., Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Lisa A Bartolomeo
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, 125 Baldwin St., Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Anna R Knippenberg
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, 125 Baldwin St., Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Gregory P Strauss
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, 125 Baldwin St., Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
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15
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Collins JC, Ng R, McMillan SS, Hu J, O’Reilly CL, Wheeler AJ, El-Den S. Psychological distress in community-dwelling individuals living with severe and persistent mental illness. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2023; 69:1327-1334. [PMID: 36938949 PMCID: PMC10523820 DOI: 10.1177/00207640231160102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore psychological distress levels, using the validated Kessler 6 (K6), as well as the relationship between demographics and K6 scores, and incidence of mental health crises in a cohort of community-dwelling people living with severe and persistent mental illness (SPMI). METHODS People living with SPMI taking antipsychotic or mood stabiliser medications were recruited from Australian community pharmacies between September 2020 and Februrary 2021 and completed an electronic survey, including the K6 scale. Pharmacists were interviewed and supplied written reports with details of the consultation when participants obtained 'very high' (⩾19/30) K6 scores. Records were reviewed and coded by an independent coder. Multivariate linear regression was used to determine predictors of K6 scores. RESULTS The median K6 score was 16/30 (IQR = 11,21; range = 6-30). Younger age, unemployment and multimorbid mental health diagnoses were significant predictors of higher K6 scores (p < .01; R2 = .24). Fifty-nine (39.3%) consumers scored ⩾19, of which 25/59 (42.4%) were reported to be exhibiting signs of psychological distress and none were experiencing mental health crises. CONCLUSION People living with SPMI have high levels of psychological distress as measured by the K6. Further work is needed to understand the prevalence, extent, precipitating factors and impact of psychological distress in people living with SPMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack C Collins
- The University of Sydney School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ricki Ng
- The University of Sydney School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sara S McMillan
- Centre for Mental Health, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Jie Hu
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Claire L O’Reilly
- The University of Sydney School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Amanda J Wheeler
- Centre for Mental Health, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sarira El-Den
- The University of Sydney School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
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16
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Qiu L, Li C, He W, Yin X, Zhan L, Zhang J, Wang Y. Changes in diet, exercise and psychology of the quarantined population during the COVID-19 outbreak in Shanghai. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0284799. [PMID: 37531353 PMCID: PMC10395905 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In March 2022, a severe outbreak of COVID-19 broke out in Shanghai, with the virus spreading rapidly. In the most severe two months, more than 50,000 people were diagnosed with COVID-19. For this reason, Shanghai adopted three-district hierarchical management, requiring corresponding people to stay at home to contain the spread of the virus. Due to the requirements of prevention and control management, the diet, exercise and mental health of the corresponding population are affected to a certain extent. OBJECTIVES This article aimed to understand the population in the diet, exercise and psychological changes. METHODS This study carried out the research by distributing the electronic questionnaire and carried out the statistical analysis. RESULTS People reduced the intake of vegetables and fruits (P = 0.000<0.05), people did about an hour less exercise per week on average (P = 0.000<0.05), the number of steps they took per day decreased by nearly 2000 steps (P = 0.012<0.05), and there were significant changes in the way they exercised. CONCLUSION In terms of psychological state, people have some depression, anxiety and easy to feel tired after lockdown. This study can also provide reference for policy adjustment and formulation of normalized epidemic management in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Qiu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Chenchen Li
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Wen He
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xuelian Yin
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Lin Zhan
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yanli Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- School of Pharmacy & The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, P. R. China
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17
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Kowalski K, Misiak B. Schizophrenia and the COVID-19 pandemic: A narrative review from the biomedical perspective. REVISTA DE PSIQUIATRIA Y SALUD MENTAL 2023:S1888-9891(23)00015-0. [PMID: 37544807 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpsm.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
The outbreak of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020 caused a rapid worsening of global mental health. Patients with severe mental disorders, including schizophrenia, are at higher risk of being infected. The neuroinvasive potential of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been confirmed. The aim of this article was to present a narrative and comprehensive review of multidimensional associations between schizophrenia and COVID-19 with special emphasis on common biological pathways. Online searches were performed in the PubMed database and covered the publication period until September 17, 2022. Search terms included "psychosis", "schizophrenia", "inflammation" and "COVID-19". Viewed as a neuroinflammatory state, schizophrenia shares several neurobiological mechanisms with the COVID-19. Environmental stress, common comorbidities of schizophrenia and adverse effects of antipsychotic treatment are associated with the higher severity and mortality of the COVID-19. Additionally, more frequent relapses of psychosis have been observed, and might be related to lower treatment adherence. In the context of clinical manifestation, higher level of negative symptoms has been identified among patients with schizophrenia during the pandemic. Improvements in mental health care policy and treatment adjustment are necessary to protect people with schizophrenia who are the population that is particularly vulnerable to the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. Future research will show if prenatal infection with the SARS-CoV-2 increases a risk of psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Kowalski
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 10 Street, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Błażej Misiak
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 10 Street, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
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18
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Bertolini F, Witteveen AB, Young S, Cuijpers P, Ayuso-Mateos JL, Barbui C, Cabello M, Cadorin C, Downes N, Franzoi D, Gasior ME, Gray B, John A, Melchior M, van Ommeren M, Palantza C, Purgato M, Van der Waerden J, Wang S, Sijbrandij M. Risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, severe COVID-19 illness and COVID-19 mortality in people with pre-existing mental disorders: an umbrella review. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:181. [PMID: 36941591 PMCID: PMC10026202 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04641-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic has posed a serious health risk, especially in vulnerable populations. Even before the pandemic, people with mental disorders had worse physical health outcomes compared to the general population. This umbrella review investigated whether having a pre-pandemic mental disorder was associated with worse physical health outcomes due to the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Following a pre-registered protocol available on the Open Science Framework platform, we searched Ovid MEDLINE All, Embase (Ovid), PsycINFO (Ovid), CINAHL, and Web of Science up to the 6th of October 2021 for systematic reviews on the impact of COVID-19 on people with pre-existing mental disorders. The following outcomes were considered: risk of contracting the SARS-CoV-2 infection, risk of severe illness, COVID-19 related mortality risk, risk of long-term physical symptoms after COVID-19. For meta-analyses, we considered adjusted odds ratio (OR) as effect size measure. Screening, data extraction and quality assessment with the AMSTAR 2 tool have been done in parallel and duplicate. RESULTS We included five meta-analyses and four narrative reviews. The meta-analyses reported that people with any mental disorder had an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR: 1.71, 95% CI 1.09-2.69), severe illness course (OR from 1.32 to 1.77, 95%CI between 1.19-1.46 and 1.29-2.42, respectively) and COVID-19 related mortality (OR from 1.38 to 1.52, 95%CI between 1.15-1.65 and 1.20-1.93, respectively) as compared to the general population. People with anxiety disorders had an increased risk of SAR-CoV-2 infection, but not increased mortality. People with mood and schizophrenia spectrum disorders had an increased COVID-19 related mortality but without evidence of increased risk of severe COVID-19 illness. Narrative reviews were consistent with findings from the meta-analyses. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS As compared to the general population, there is strong evidence showing that people with pre-existing mental disorders suffered from worse physical health outcomes due to the COVID-19 pandemic and may therefore be considered a risk group similar to people with underlying physical conditions. Factors likely involved include living accommodations with barriers to social distancing, cardiovascular comorbidities, psychotropic medications and difficulties in accessing high-intensity medical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Bertolini
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Anke B Witteveen
- Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Amsterdam Public Health Institute, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Susanne Young
- Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Amsterdam Public Health Institute, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pim Cuijpers
- Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Amsterdam Public Health Institute, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- International Institute for Psychotherapy, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Jose Luis Ayuso-Mateos
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Corrado Barbui
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - María Cabello
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Camilla Cadorin
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Naomi Downes
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Social Epidemiology Research Team (ERES), Paris, F75012, France
| | - Daniele Franzoi
- Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Amsterdam Public Health Institute, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michael Elizabeth Gasior
- Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Amsterdam Public Health Institute, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Brandon Gray
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Use, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ann John
- Population Psychiatry, Suicide and Informatics, Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Maria Melchior
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Social Epidemiology Research Team (ERES), Paris, F75012, France
| | - Mark van Ommeren
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Use, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christina Palantza
- Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Amsterdam Public Health Institute, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marianna Purgato
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Judith Van der Waerden
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Social Epidemiology Research Team (ERES), Paris, F75012, France
| | - Siyuan Wang
- Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Amsterdam Public Health Institute, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marit Sijbrandij
- Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Amsterdam Public Health Institute, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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19
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Lavalle R, Condominas E, Haro JM, Giné-Vázquez I, Bailon R, Laporta E, Garcia E, Kontaxis S, Alacid GR, Lombardini F, Preti A, Peñarrubia-Maria MT, Coromina M, Arranz B, Vilella E, Rubio-Alacid E, Matcham F, Lamers F, Hotopf M, Penninx BWJH, Annas P, Narayan V, Simblett SK, Siddi S. The Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Adults with Major Depressive Disorder from Catalonia: A Decentralized Longitudinal Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5161. [PMID: 36982069 PMCID: PMC10048808 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20065161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The present study analyzes the effects of each containment phase of the first COVID-19 wave on depression levels in a cohort of 121 adults with a history of major depressive disorder (MDD) from Catalonia recruited from 1 November 2019, to 16 October 2020. This analysis is part of the Remote Assessment of Disease and Relapse-MDD (RADAR-MDD) study. Depression was evaluated with the Patient Health Questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8), and anxiety was evaluated with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). Depression's levels were explored across the phases (pre-lockdown, lockdown, and four post-lockdown phases) according to the restrictions of Spanish/Catalan governments. Then, a mixed model was fitted to estimate how depression varied over the phases. A significant rise in depression severity was found during the lockdown and phase 0 (early post-lockdown), compared with the pre-lockdown. Those with low pre-lockdown depression experienced an increase in depression severity during the "new normality", while those with high pre-lockdown depression decreased compared with the pre-lockdown. These findings suggest that COVID-19 restrictions affected the depression level depending on their pre-lockdown depression severity. Individuals with low levels of depression are more reactive to external stimuli than those with more severe depression, so the lockdown may have worse detrimental effects on them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Lavalle
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10124 Turin, Italy
| | - Elena Condominas
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental, CIBERSAM-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Maria Haro
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental, CIBERSAM-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Iago Giné-Vázquez
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental, CIBERSAM-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Bailon
- Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el área de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Estela Laporta
- Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el área de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ester Garcia
- Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el área de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Microelectrónica y Sistemas Electrónicos, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Spyridon Kontaxis
- Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el área de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Riquelme Alacid
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental, CIBERSAM-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Federica Lombardini
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental, CIBERSAM-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Preti
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10124 Turin, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Peñarrubia-Maria
- Health Technology Assessment in Primary Care and Mental Health (PRISMA) Research Group, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Deu, 08830 St Boi de Llobregat, Spain
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Regió Metropolitana Sud, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Coromina
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental, CIBERSAM-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén Arranz
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental, CIBERSAM-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisabet Vilella
- Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata, 43206 Reus, Spain
- Neuriociències i Salut Mental, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili-CERCA, 43204 Reus, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43003 Reus, Spain
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Elena Rubio-Alacid
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental, CIBERSAM-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Faith Matcham
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, East Sussex BN1 9QH, UK
| | - Femke Lamers
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Mental Health Program, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matthew Hotopf
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Brenda W. J. H. Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Mental Health Program, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Vaibhav Narayan
- Research and Development Information Technology, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Titusville, NJ 08560, USA
| | - Sara K. Simblett
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Sara Siddi
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
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Häfliger C, Diviani N, Rubinelli S. Communication inequalities and health disparities among vulnerable groups during the COVID-19 pandemic - a scoping review of qualitative and quantitative evidence. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:428. [PMID: 36879229 PMCID: PMC9986675 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15295-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated health disparities in vulnerable groups (e.g., increased infection, hospitalization, and mortality rates in people with lower income, lower education, or ethnic minorities). Communication inequalities can act as mediating factors in this relationship. Understanding this link is vital to prevent communication inequalities and health disparities in public health crises. This study aims to map and summarize the current literature on communication inequalities linked with health disparities (CIHD) in vulnerable groups during the COVID-19 pandemic and to identify research gaps. METHODS A scoping review of quantitative and qualitative evidence was conducted. The literature search followed the guidelines of PRISMA extension for scoping reviews and was performed on PubMed and PsycInfo. Findings were summarized using a conceptual framework based on the Structural Influence Model by Viswanath et al. RESULTS: The search yielded 92 studies, mainly assessing low education as a social determinant and knowledge as an indicator for communication inequalities. CIHD in vulnerable groups were identified in 45 studies. The association of low education with insufficient knowledge and inadequate preventive behavior was the most frequently observed. Other studies only found part of the link: communication inequalities (n = 25) or health disparities (n = 5). In 17 studies, neither inequalities nor disparities were found. CONCLUSIONS This review supports the findings of studies on past public health crises. Public health institutions should specifically target their communication to people with low education to reduce communication inequalities. More research about CIHD is needed on groups with migrant status, financial hardship, not speaking the language in the country of residence, sexual minorities, and living in deprived neighborhoods. Future research should also assess communication input factors to derive specific communication strategies for public health institutions to overcome CIHD in public health crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Häfliger
- Swiss Paraplegic Research, Guido A. Zäch Strasse 4, Nottwil, Lucerne, 6207, Switzerland. .,Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Lucerne, Frohburgstrasse 3, Lucerne, 6002, Switzerland.
| | - Nicola Diviani
- Swiss Paraplegic Research, Guido A. Zäch Strasse 4, Nottwil, Lucerne, 6207, Switzerland.,Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Lucerne, Frohburgstrasse 3, Lucerne, 6002, Switzerland
| | - Sara Rubinelli
- Swiss Paraplegic Research, Guido A. Zäch Strasse 4, Nottwil, Lucerne, 6207, Switzerland.,Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Lucerne, Frohburgstrasse 3, Lucerne, 6002, Switzerland
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Karanci AN, Ikizer G, Aldemir İD, Bilgehan A, Karagöz C. How did the Covid-19 pandemic affect individuals with schizophrenia from Turkey? Int J Soc Psychiatry 2023; 69:277-285. [PMID: 35311388 PMCID: PMC10076154 DOI: 10.1177/00207640221081800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serious mental illness, including schizophrenia, have been shown to be associated with psychosocial vulnerabilities in the face of adverse events. While individuals with schizophrenia might undergo many psychosocial difficulties during the COVID-19 pandemic, they might also not be affected, or report increased subjective well-being. This suggests that it is important to understand diverse impacts and further understand the unique experiences. METHODS To capture how the pandemic affected them and how they handled the challenges if there were any in the initial and more recent phases of the pandemic, 18 individuals with schizophrenia living in Turkey were interviewed. RESULTS Thematic analysis of interviews resulted in four superordinate themes for both time points. Three themes related to the impact of the pandemic (i.e. burdens of COVID-19, positive impacts of COVID-19, no impact of COVID-19) indicated that they shared a number of challenges with the general population. Themes about the positive impacts and no impact also replicated the previous findings in this clinical population. One last theme named as facilitators of coping implied that the participants tried to deal with the burdens by using available resources, adapt to the changes in their daily living, and benefit from social interaction and support. CONCLUSIONS To conclude, people with schizophrenia seem to be coping with challenges posed by the pandemic with diverse strategies and they seem to even experience psychological growth alongside with negative impacts. The individualized needs and potential for growth have pivotal implications for the management of the illness during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Nuray Karanci
- Department of Psychology, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gözde Ikizer
- Department of Psychology, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Ayça Bilgehan
- Department of Psychology, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cansu Karagöz
- Department of Psychology, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara, Turkey
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22
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Tavakol N, Molazem Z, Rakhshan M, Asemani O, Bagheri S. Moral distress in psychiatric nurses in Covid-19 crisis. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:47. [PMID: 36805836 PMCID: PMC9936116 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01048-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has put heavy pressure on nurses. Psychiatric nurses are also exposed to moral distress due to the special conditions of psychiatric patients and patient's lack of cooperation in observing health protocols. This study has been conducted to explore and describe factors that caused moral distress in Iranian psychiatric nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD This qualitative study with a conventional content analysis approach involved 12 nurses at the Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in Iran. This study was conducted in the winter of 2021. Data collection was performed by semi-structured interviews, data analysis was performed based on the five steps of Graneheim and Lundman. RESULTS By continuous comparison and integration of data, 17 subcategories, 8 subcategories, and 3 categories were extracted from 252 initial codes. The causes of moral distress in psychiatric nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic were identified as emotional responses (Fear and Doubt), relational factors (Nurses' Relationship with Each Other, Nurse-physician Relationship, and Relationship whit Patients), and Institutional factors (Lack of Attention to Health Instructions, Failure to complete the treatment process for patients and Institutional Policies). CONCLUSION New dimensions of the causes of moral distress associated with the COVID- 19 pandemic are discovered in this study. Managers and planners should equip psychiatric hospitals with isolation facilities and Personal Protection Equipment for patients and nurses. Strengthening the ethical climate by improving communication skills and individual nursing empowerment to prevent moral distress is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Tavakol
- grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Zahra Molazem
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Zand St., Namazee Sq., Shiraz, 7193613119, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Mahnaz Rakhshan
- grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Omid Asemani
- grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Department of Medical Ethics and Philosophy of Health, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran ,grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Islamic Education and Health Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Shahpar Bagheri
- grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran
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Joung J, Shin S. Challenges Experienced by Family Caregivers of Individuals With Severe Mental Illness During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Integrative Review. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv 2023:1-8. [PMID: 36720066 DOI: 10.3928/02793695-20230110-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Family caregivers of individuals with severe mental illness (SMI) faced increasing challenges during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic; however, empirical evidence on the general challenges they experienced is lacking. Thus, the purpose of the current integrative review was to explore family caregivers' challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of nine relevant studies were included. Family caregivers experienced greater care burdens, physical and mental health problems, and limited access to health care services due to the pandemic. It is necessary to develop mental health policies and appropriate interventions to help individuals with mental illness and their family caregivers in the event of future crises. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, xx(xx), xx-xx.].
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24
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Xiao Y, Du N, Li YG. Mental health services in China: Challenges in the context of COVID-19. Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 80:103348. [PMID: 36444825 PMCID: PMC9684096 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2022.103348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xiao
- Psychosomatic Medical Center, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu 610036, China; Psychosomatic Medical Center, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610036, China.
| | - Na Du
- Psychosomatic Medical Center, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu 610036, China
| | - Yun-Ge Li
- Psychosomatic Medical Center, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu 610036, China
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25
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Nooraeen S, Bazargan-Hejazi S, Naserbakht M, Vahidi C, Shojaerad F, Mousavi SS, Malakouti SK. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on relapse of individuals with severe mental illness and their caregiver's burden. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1086905. [PMID: 36817882 PMCID: PMC9929280 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1086905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The implementation of quarantine and social distancing measures to control the COVID-19 pandemic led to restrictions at the community level and most of in-person psychiatric services were discontinued. This situation could affect the psychopathology of the patients and the burden of their caregivers. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of COVID-19 pandemic on people with severe mental illnesses (SMIs) and their caregivers' burden. Method The study sample consisted of 86 patients with severe mental illness and 86 caregivers. The mental status, relapse rate, and rehospitalization rate of the patients and the general health status and burden of caregivers were investigated in three waves, including before and 3 and 6 months after the COVID-19 pandemic. Results The relapse rate of the patients was 14%, 33.7%, and 43% (p = 0.000) and the rehospitalization rate was 4.7%, 7%, and 10.5% in waves 0, 1, and 2, respectively (p = 0.000). Most of the psychopathological scales increased in three waves (p = 0.000). The caregivers' burden and health condition worsened during the nine months of the study as well (p = 0.000). Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic led to the exacerbation of symptoms and increased the relapse rate in people with SMIs. It also worsened the caregivers' condition. People with severe mental illnesses (SMIs) and their caregivers are one of the most vulnerable groups on which the COVID-19 pandemic had a marked negative effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Nooraeen
- Mental Health Research Center, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahrzad Bazargan-Hejazi
- Department of Psychiatry, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Morteza Naserbakht
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Camelia Vahidi
- Andisheh-Salamat-Ravan Mental Rehabilitation Center, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Seyed Kazem Malakouti
- Mental Health Research Center, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Tardeh S, Adibi A, Mozafari AA. Prevalence of Suicide Ideation and Attempt during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Prev Med 2023; 14:9. [PMID: 36942038 PMCID: PMC10023846 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_507_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
An epidemic of infectious diseases such as COVID-19 can affect mental health, which may be associated with suicidal behaviors. This study was conducted based on the systematic review and meta-analysis methods for evaluating the prevalence of suicide ideation during COVID-19. This study used Preferred Systematic Review Reporting System and Meta- Analysis guideline and valid keywords. The articles related to the prevalence of suicide ideation during COVID-19 pandemic were obtained by searching among different databases including Scopus, Web of science, PubMed, ISC, Google scholar, SID, and Magiran. All of the articles published from the beginning of January 2020 to the end of May 2021 were reviewed. Among 478 articles screened, 377 articles were related to the studied topic, among which 38 articles were selected after assessing the title and abstract of which for reviewing the full text and finally 18 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Based on the results, the prevalence of suicide ideation and attempt among all studies were equal to 13% (95% confidence interval = 0.11-0.15, I2 = 99.7%, P = 0.00) and 1% (95% confidence interval = 0.00-0.01, I2 = 95.5%, P = 0.00), respectively. Based on the results, the prevalence of suicide attempt and ideation is possible during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, health officials should pay attention to mental health issues in addition to the protective measures for preventing or reducing the infection with COVID-19. The increase of psychological consequences is probably related to the effect of lifestyle changes which associates with the spread of the disease. In the current meta-analysis performed, the prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicidal attempt was examined during the COVID-19 pandemic period and compared to the previous period without COVID-19. The effect of COVID-19 on suicidal ideation and suicidal attempt has never been studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Tardeh
- Student Research Committee, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
- Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Amir Adibi
- Psychiatry Adolescent and Child of Department, Medicine of Faculty, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Ali Ashraf Mozafari
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
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Singh D, Tyagi S, Malhotra N. Expectations of caregivers of persons with severe mental illness from mental health rehabilitation services: A qualitative study. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2023:207640221148088. [PMID: 36629373 DOI: 10.1177/00207640221148088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health rehabilitation services (MHRS) play an essential role in addressing the diverse and often complex needs of persons with severe mental illness (SMI). The rehabilitation services are of utmost importance in training these patients to lead an independent and meaningful life. In India, caregivers of persons with SMI play a significant role in the decision-making process concerning treatment and rehabilitation. AIM The main objective of the present study was to understand and analyze the expectations of caregivers of persons with severe mental illness from mental health rehabilitation services in the Indian context. METHOD The present study is qualitative in nature. A semi-structured interview schedule was used to capture the caregivers' expectations. Fifteen caregivers who met inclusion and exclusion criteria were interviewed for the study. The data obtained was analyzed using Braun and Clarke's six-phase data analysis framework. RESULTS Thematic analysis of the data emerged into five themes, namely (1) 'proximity', (2) 'professionalism of staff', (3) 'treatment related expectations', (4) 'welfare benefits', and (5) 'infrastructure'. These themes and their sub-themes were subsequently discussed in the light of existing literature. CONCLUSION Caregivers of persons with SMI identified the most relevant as well as generic expectations from MHRS. Understanding these expectations can help improvise the existing services delivery system and help institutes, non-government organizations (NGOs) and other concerned entities working in mental health rehabilitation to develop service user friendly rehabilitation models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daljit Singh
- Department of Psychiatry, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shikha Tyagi
- Department of Psychiatry, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | - Nidhi Malhotra
- Department of Psychiatry, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
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Islam MR, Tushar MI, Tultul PS, Akter R, Sohan M, Anjum R, Roy A, Hossain MJ, Rahman MA, Nahar Z, Shahriar M, Bhuiyan MA. Problematic internet use and depressive symptoms among the school-going adolescents in Bangladesh during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study findings. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1008. [PMID: 36579157 PMCID: PMC9774086 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Problematic internet use (PIU) by children and adolescents is a concern for many parents. Several factors, including students' education level, the method of instruction, the dependence on the internet, and their intended use of the internet, could all be contributing factors to PIU and depression. Disturbed mental health may be attributed to the cancellation of physical education classes because of the COVID-19 outbreak. This study aimed to assess the association of COVID-19 pandemic with PIU and depressive symptoms in adolescent students. Methods We performed this cross-sectional study among 491 school-going adolescents of 10 to 16 years. Self-administered questionnaires were applied to collect sociodemographic information and the internet usage pattern of the participants. We measured the prevalence of PIU and depressive symptoms using the PIU questionnaire (PIUQ-SF-6) and patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Results The estimations of the risk group for PIU and depressive symptoms among school-going adolescents were 80.04% and 77.80%, respectively. The latent profiling of PIU scores for obsession, neglect, and control sub-groups were 5.82, 6.12, and 6.35, respectively. Moreover, we observed mild, moderate, and severe depressive symptoms in 48.68%, 27.70%, and 1.43% of cases. Age, education level, medium of education, financial impression, internet connection, the device used, the purpose for internet use, and the living status of respondents were significantly associated with the PIU. Reported mental health issues was associated with education level, medium of education, financial impression, and internet connection. Conclusion The present study revealed an association of PIU and depressive symptoms with sociodemographic factors and internet usage patterns. Therefore, these results might have practical implications in clinical psychology, psychiatry, and psychotherapy. The healthcare professional can develop a context-specific comprehensive clinical intervention plan for children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Md. Ismail Tushar
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesNorth South UniversityDhakaBangladesh
| | | | - Rabeya Akter
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of Asia PacificDhakaBangladesh
| | - Md. Sohan
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of Asia PacificDhakaBangladesh
| | - Ramisa Anjum
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of Asia PacificDhakaBangladesh
| | - Arpita Roy
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & TechnologySharda UniversityGreater NoidaIndia
| | | | - Md. Ashrafur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of PharmacyTexas Tech University Health Sciences CenterAmarilloTexasUSA
| | - Zabun Nahar
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of Asia PacificDhakaBangladesh
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Li H, Cao Y. Facing the pandemic in the dark: Psychopathic personality traits and life history strategies during COVID-19 lockdown period in different areas of China. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 42:1299-1307. [PMID: 33679114 PMCID: PMC7917003 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01549-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The current research aims to examine variation in psychopathic personality traits and life history strategies during COVID-19 lockdown period in different areas of China. In Study 1 (N = 564), participants completed explicit measures of psychopathic traits and of life history strategy. To attenuate common method biases, Study 2 (N = 267) employed an alternative measure of psychopathy and an indirect measure of life history strategy, namely, future-discounting. Across two studies, we found consistent and significant evidence that participants from Wuhan, the initial epicenter of the pandemic, evidenced a faster life history strategy and a markedly higher level of psychopathic traits than did participants from Chongqing, which was less affected by the virus. Furthermore, a consistent pattern of correlation between life history strategy and psychopathy was observed across different groups of participants. We also replicated some previously reported studies but found that not all sex effects were consistent with life history in Chinese populations. Taken together, these findings suggest that individuals may show a high degree of variation in life history speed and psychopathic traits in response to unpredictable and adverse environments, which provide support for extended life history plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Li
- College of International Studies, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
| | - Yu Cao
- School of Foreign Languages, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, China
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Deng Y, Yang J, Wang L, Chen Y. The Road Less Traveled: How COVID-19 Patients Use Metaphors to Frame Their Lived Experiences. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15979. [PMID: 36498049 PMCID: PMC9740225 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Metaphor provides an important intellectual tool for communication about intense disease experiences. The present study aimed to investigate how COVID-19-infected persons metaphorically frame their lived experiences of COVID-19, and how the pandemic impacts on their mental health burden. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 33 patients afflicted with COVID-19. Metaphor analysis of patient narratives demonstrated that: (1) COVID-19 infection impacted patient conceptualization of themselves and the relationship between the "self" and the body, as well as social relationships. (2) Metaphors relating to physical experience, space and time, and integrative behaviors tended to be used by COVID-19 patients in a negative way, whereas war metaphors, family metaphors, temperature metaphors, and light metaphors were likely to express positive attitudes. (3) Patients preferred to employ conventional metaphors grounded on embodied sensorimotor experiences to conceptualize their extreme emotional experiences. This study has important implications with respect to the therapeutic function of metaphors in clinical communication between healthcare professionals and COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Deng
- College of Language Intelligence, Sichuan International Studies University, Chongqing 400031, China
| | - Jixue Yang
- School of English Studies, Sichuan International Studies University, Chongqing 400031, China
- Zengcheng Experimental School of Guangzhou Zhixin Middle School, Guangzhou 511300, China
| | - Li Wang
- Science and Education Department, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing 400036, China
| | - Yaokai Chen
- Department of Infection Diseases, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing 400036, China
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The Burnout Levels of Caregivers and Caregiver Burden of the Patients with Declined Active Participation in the Community Mental Health Center During the Covid-19 Pandemic. JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.16899/jcm.1152433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim:
This study aimed to compare the burnout and caregiver burden in caregivers during Covid-19 due to the decrease in patient participation in the Community Mental Health Center (CMHC) and the inability to accept patients for a while before the Covid-19 pandemic.
Materials and Methods:
Caregivers of 47 patients registered to CMHC were included in this study. The first interview for this study was held in January 2020, before the start of the Covid-19 pandemic in Turkey. The second interview was held in June 2021, after the start of the COVID -19 pandemic and thus lockdown and restrictions. Sociodemographic data form, Maslach Burnout Inventory, and Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale were applied to caregivers.
Results:
The findings obtained in the second interview showed that Maslach Burnout Inventory (p
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Pervan L, Parker S, Wheeler M, Dark F. Understanding the Impact of COVID-19 on People with Severe and Persistent Mental Illness within Rehabilitation Services: A Thematic Analysis. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOSOCIAL REHABILITATION AND MENTAL HEALTH 2022; 11:1-11. [PMID: 36466000 PMCID: PMC9686248 DOI: 10.1007/s40737-022-00320-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The COVID 19 pandemic has required major changes in healthcare delivery. This study sought to understand the impact of the mental healthcare changes associated with COVID-19 on people living with severe and persisting mental illness (SPMI) and staff working in rehabilitation teams in Queensland in Australia. Telephone interviews were completed with participants diagnosed with SPMI who were supported by the rehabilitation teams of a public mental health service (n = 18). Additionally, an anonymous survey was completed with staff from these teams (n = 20, 17.5% of staff). Both datasets were analysed separately using thematic analysis. Four themes were identified through the analysis of the patient interviews: wishing the whole thing would go away; [COVID-19 has] delayed my recovery; being more socially aware; and (you've) got to be clean (which is a) good thing. Four themes emerged through the analysis of the staff survey data: needing to change the model of care; impact on patients, the impact on staff, positive impact. The perceived impact on participant's mental health was like that which was reported in the general population. Participants' emphasised anxiety, loneliness, boredom, and depression rather than a relapse of their primary psychotic illness. Participants noted the pandemic slowed the pace of personal recovery and limited the delivery of specialised rehabilitation programs. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40737-022-00320-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Pervan
- Metro South Addiction and Mental Health Service, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Stephen Parker
- Metro South Addiction and Mental Health Service, Brisbane, QLD Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Maddison Wheeler
- Metro South Addiction and Mental Health Service, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Frances Dark
- Metro South Addiction and Mental Health Service, Brisbane, QLD Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD Australia
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Have the COVID-19 outbreak and related restrictions affected the right to mental health of people with severe mental health conditions? Int Rev Psychiatry 2022; 35:180-193. [PMID: 37105147 DOI: 10.1080/09540261.2022.2145183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, and the restrictions implemented by governments to limit its public health impact, may have determined a reduction of the right to mental health of people with severe mental health conditions, that is a limitation to adequate, human, and value-based mental healthcare, with rising inequalities in comparison with the general population. This systematic review was, therefore, conducted to collate evidence on the impact of the pandemic period on the mental health of individuals with pre-existing severe mental health conditions. Of 3,774 retrieved citations, we selected 21 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. The majority of the included studies assessed trends in psychological symptoms over the pandemic period, then arguing that symptoms worsened for a number of reasons, including the risk of contracting the virus, the disruption of mental health services, and the feelings of loneliness and isolation associated with the restriction measures. Even though studies provided somewhat contradictory results, the majority of evidence indicates that people with pre-existing mental health conditions were more likely to report greater self-isolation distress, anxiety, depression, COVID-19-related perceived stress, and were more likely to voluntarily self-isolate than those without a mental health condition. These findings appeared to suggest that a combination of factors related to the pandemic itself and to the prevention and mitigation strategies were responsible for a reduction of the right to mental health of people with mental health conditions, with increased inequalities in comparison with the general population.
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González-Roz A, Haik AK, Rahman L, Todi AA, Kane C, Walji A, Dickerman SR, Scarfe M, Levitt EE, Belisario K, Kelly JF, MacKillop J. Impacts of the COVID-19 public health restrictions on substance use, mental health, and psychosocial functioning among individuals with alcohol use disorder. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2022; 48:712-723. [PMID: 36417589 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2022.2134021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with major psychosocial disruptions and there is particular concern for individuals with substance use disorders.Objectives: This study characterized the psychosocial and experiential impacts of the pandemic on individuals seeking alcohol use disorder (AUD) recovery, including pandemic impacts on self-reported drinking, heavy drinking, tobacco, cannabis, and stimulant use.Methods: Participants were 125 AUD+ individuals (% males: 57.60; Mage = 49.11, SD = 12.13) reporting on substance use from January 1st-24th March, 2020 (pre-pandemic) and since the stay-at-home orders commenced, 24th March-June 28th 2020 (intra-pandemic). Within-subjects changes were examined and a latent profile analysis was performed to identify subgroups differentially impacted by the pandemic.Results: Large proportions reported psychosocial impacts of COVID-19, but drinking and other substance use did not reveal significant changes. Latent profile analyses revealed two subgroups: Profile 1 (n = 41/125), "Moderately Impacted") and Profile 2 (n = 84/125), "Severely Impacted"). Compared to the pre-pandemic period, the group that was moderately impacted by the pandemic exhibited significantly fewer heavy drinking days (p = .02) during the intra-pandemic period, but no other substance use changes. The group showing severe pandemic impacts did not exhibit changes in alcohol or other drug use but evidenced more severe anxiety and depression (ps < .001).Conclusions: We found heterogeneous subtypes of pandemic-related impacts in AUD recovery patients. There is need to provide psychosocial support to this particular population and further monitoring substance use and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba González-Roz
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, St Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Addictive Behaviors Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Amanda K Haik
- Recovery Research Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Liah Rahman
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, St Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Akshiti A Todi
- Recovery Research Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Claire Kane
- Recovery Research Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alyna Walji
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, St Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah R Dickerman
- Recovery Research Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Molly Scarfe
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, St Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emily E Levitt
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, St Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kyla Belisario
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, St Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - John F Kelly
- Recovery Research Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James MacKillop
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, St Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Levaj S, Medved S, Grubišin J, Tomašić L, Brozić K, Shields-Zeeman L, Bolinski F, Rojnic Kuzman M. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and earthquake on mental health of persons with severe mental illness: A survey study among people receiving community mental health care versus treatment as usual in Croatia. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2022; 69:653-663. [PMID: 36317586 PMCID: PMC9629027 DOI: 10.1177/00207640221130966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic led to the disruption of mental health services in most countries. Croatia has been developing and strengthening its mental health system, including the introduction of community mental health teams (CMHT) for persons with severe mental illness (SMI), whose implementation was ongoing during the pandemic through the RECOVER-E project. AIMS The aim of this study was to assess the differences in mental health outcomes, perceived social support and healthcare utilization in the group of participants receiving treatment as usual (TAU group) compared to the group receiving TAU and additional care by the CMHT (CMHT group) during the COVID-19 pandemic and two earthquakes. METHOD This is a cross-sectional survey administered among 90 participants with SMI at two time points: in May/June 2020 (first COVID-19 wave, earthquake) and in December 2020/January 2021 (second COVID-19 wave, earthquake). RESULTS A significantly larger proportion of participants from the CMHT group visited the general practitioners in both waves of COVID-19 (first wave: CMHT 72.1%, TAU 44.2%, p = .009; second wave: CMHT 91.1%, TAU 64.1%, p = .003), as well as psychiatric services in the second wave (CMHT 95.3%, TAU 79.5%, p = .028). The use of long-acting injectables was also more frequent in the CMHT group (p = .039). Furthermore, analysis of the first wave showed higher perceived support of significant others (p = .004) in the CMHT group. We did not identify any differences in mental health outcomes between groups in either wave. CONCLUSIONS While mental health outcomes did not differ between TAU and CMHT group, people in CMHT used services and treatments more frequently than those in TAU during the pandemic, which may indicate that CMHT services enable the continuity and accessibility of care for people with SMI under the circumstances where standard care is interruped (for example pandemic, disaster conditions).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Levaj
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sara Medved
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jasmina Grubišin
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lea Tomašić
- University Psychiatric Hospital Vrapče, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Kristina Brozić
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Laura Shields-Zeeman
- Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction (Trimbos Institute), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Felix Bolinski
- Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction (Trimbos Institute), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martina Rojnic Kuzman
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.,School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on health behavior and psychopathology in patients with psychotic disorders. Psychiatry Res 2022; 317:114845. [PMID: 36155276 PMCID: PMC9472751 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In our study we aimed to investigate the effect of the pandemic period on disease severity, medication adherence, suicidal behavior, physical health and health behavior in patients with psychotic disorders. 255 patients with any of the diagnoses of Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective Disorder, Delusional Disorder, Bipolar Disorder with psychotic features and Major Depressive Disorder with psychotic features were included, 200 were assessed by telephone and 55 face-to-face. The patient's sociodemographic status, cigarette-alcohol use, physical diseases, body weight, suicidal behaviors, and the effects of the pandemic period on general health were assessed. Clinical global impression scale(CGI) and modified medication adherence scale(MMS) were also administered. We showed that the MMS scores of the patients significantly decreased compared to the pre-pandemic period. In our study, suicidal behavior and decrease in medication adherence during the pandemic period were found to be correlated with higher scores of CGI- Severity and Improvement Scale. Our study is one of the few studies that addresses the effects of the pandemic period on patients with psychotic disorders. The results show that the pandemic period is associated with an increase in negative health behavior and clinical worsening in patients with psychotic disorders. In order to confirm these findings, more research is needed in this area.
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Cai H, Bai W, Du X, Zhang L, Zhang L, Li YC, Liu HZ, Tang YL, Jackson T, Cheung T, An FR, Xiang YT. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and perceived stigma in patients with depression: a network perspective. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:429. [PMID: 36195590 PMCID: PMC9530420 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02170-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccine acceptance and perceived stigma of having a mental illness is not clear. This study examined the association between COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and perceived stigma among patients with recurrent depressive disorder (depression hereafter) using network analysis. Participants were 1149 depressed patients (842 men, 307 women) who completed survey measures of perceived stigma and COVID-19 vaccine attitudes. T-tests, chi-square tests, and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare differences in demographic and clinical characteristics between depressed patients who indented to accepted vaccines and those who were hesitant. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses assessed the unique association between COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and perceived stigma, independent of depression severity. Network analysis examined item-level relations between COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and perceived stigma after controlling for depressive symptoms. Altogether, 617 depressed patients (53.7%, 95 confidence intervals (CI) %: 50.82-56.58%) reported they would accept future COVID-19 vaccination. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses indicated higher perceived stigma scores predicted lower levels of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance (β = -0.125, P < 0.001), even after controlling for depression severity. In the network model of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance and perceived stigma nodes, "Feel others avoid me because of my illness", "Feel useless", and "Feel less competent than I did before" were the most influential symptoms. Furthermore, "COVID-19 vaccination acceptance" had the strongest connections with illness stigma items reflecting social rejection or social isolation concerns ("Employers/co-workers have discriminated", "Treated with less respect than usual", "Sense of being unequal in my relationships with others"). Given that a substantial proportion of depressed patients reported hesitancy with accepting COVID-19 vaccines and experiences of mental illness stigma related to social rejection and social isolation, providers working with this group should provide interventions to reduce stigma concerns toward addressing reluctance in receiving COVID-19 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Cai
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, & Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China
- Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Wei Bai
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, & Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China
- Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Xiangdong Du
- Guangji Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Nanning Fifth People's Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi province, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu province, China
| | - Yu-Chen Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Xiamen Xianyue Hospital, Xiamen, China
| | - Huan-Zhong Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yi-Lang Tang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Atlanta VA Medical Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Todd Jackson
- Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Teris Cheung
- School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Feng-Rong An
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders Beijing Anding Hospital & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, & Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China.
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China.
- Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China.
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Ramirez D, Rufino KA, Rech ME, Poa E, Patriquin MA. Increased symptom severity in adults and adolescents admitting to an inpatient psychiatric hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychiatry Res 2022; 316:114758. [PMID: 35944372 PMCID: PMC9338827 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
While the negative effects of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) on general mental health are well-established, less is known about the impact on those with severe mental illness. Thus, this study examined symptom severity among psychiatric inpatients admitted prior to versus during the COVID pandemic. Self-reported anxiety (GAD-7), depression (PHQ-9), emotional dysregulation (DERS-SF), sleep quality (PSQI), nightmares (DDNSI), and suicidal ideation (SBQ-R) were examined in 470 adults (n = 235 admitted pre-pandemic) and 142 children and adolescents (n = 65 admitted pre-pandemic) at admission. Adults also completed measures of disability (WHODAS) and substance use (WHOASSIST). Adults admitted during the COVID pandemic reported significantly higher levels of anxiety [p < .001, partial η2=0.18], depression [p < .001, partial η2=0.06], emotion dysregulation [p < .001, partial η2=0.05], nightmares [p = .013, partial η2=0.01], and disability [p < .001, partial η2=0.04] compared to adults admitted pre-COVID. Levels of anxiety [p = .005, partial η2=0.05], depression [p = .005, partial η2=0.06], and sleep quality [p = .011, partial η2=0.05] were significantly higher among adolescents admitted during COVID compared to pre-COVID. The findings help identify areas of prioritization for future mental health prevention/intervention efforts for future disease outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katrina A. Rufino
- The Menninger Clinic, Houston, TX 77035, USA,Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, 12301 Main St, Houston, TX 77030, USA,The University of Houston Downtown, Houston, TX 77002, USA
| | | | - Edward Poa
- The Menninger Clinic, Houston, TX 77035, USA,Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, 12301 Main St, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michelle A. Patriquin
- The Menninger Clinic, Houston, TX 77035, USA,Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, 12301 Main St, Houston, TX 77030, USA,Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA,Corresponding author at: Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Menninger Clinic, Baylor College of Medicine, 12301 Main St, Houston, TX 77035, USA
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Nahar Z, Sohan M, Supti KF, Hossain MJ, Shahriar M, Bhuiyan MA, Islam MR. Prevalence and associated risk factors for mental health problems among female university students during COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study findings from Dhaka, Bangladesh. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10890. [PMID: 36217458 PMCID: PMC9534543 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has tremendously affected the physical and mental health of people at all levels worldwide. The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and contributing factors for mental health problems among female university students in the urban area of Bangladesh. We conducted this online cross-sectional study among 451 female university students. Here we assessed the symptomatic prevalence of common mental health problems among the participants. The prevalence rate of loneliness, anxiety, and depressive symptoms among female university students in Bangladesh was 55.88%, 69.18%, and 45.23%, respectively. Also, we noticed that mild, moderate, and severe symptoms of loneliness, generalized anxiety, and depression were 36.90%, 40.48%, and 22.62%; 48.08%, 22.44%, and 29.48%; and 37.31%, 26.87%, and 35.52%; respectively. According to the present study results, marital status, financial condition, education level, and family structure (nuclear/joint) are potential contributing factors to mental health problems among female university students living in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The COVID-19 pandemic has severely impacted the academic performance and emotional well-being of students in Bangladesh. Also, the closure of university classes for a long time in Bangladesh was responsible for the poor mental health of students. Promoting good mental health has become a vital public health concern during this ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Female university students residing in urban areas in Bangladesh are more prone to developing mental health problems during any crisis. Therefore, the healthcare authorities of Bangladesh should promote the good mental health of students during and after the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Keeping in touch with students to support them psychologically and mentally during the pandemic is crucial for promoting their good mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zabun Nahar
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, 74/A Green Road, Farmgate, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Sohan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, 74/A Green Road, Farmgate, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Kaniz Farzana Supti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, 74/A Green Road, Farmgate, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Jamal Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, 77 Satmasjid Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Shahriar
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, 74/A Green Road, Farmgate, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Mohiuddin Ahmed Bhuiyan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, 74/A Green Road, Farmgate, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Rabiul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, 74/A Green Road, Farmgate, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
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Nasir S, Ghazi Shahnawaz M, Giménez-Llort L. Uneven Implications of Lockdown Amid COVID-19 in India: From Harassment, Stigma, Crime, and Internally Displaced People to Stress and Coping Strategies in the Middle/Upper Class. Behav Sci (Basel) 2022; 12:348. [PMID: 36285917 PMCID: PMC9599041 DOI: 10.3390/bs12100348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A content analysis of an English Newspaper, The Times of India (the world's largest newspaper by circulation) during the first national lockdown amid the COVID-19 pandemic identified nine different categories culled out from a total of 129 news categories reporting unprecedented COVID-19 stories. Half of them portrayed two sides of a coin: from daily wagers and migrant workers, including internally displaced people (23/129), harassment and stigma (4/129), and crime (3/129) to stressors and coping strategies for middle/upper class individuals (39/129). Reports evidenced increased vulnerability in the lower layers of Indian stratified society. Yet, two years later, the uneven implications on physical and mental health are scarcely studied by scientific researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shagufta Nasir
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Lydia Giménez-Llort
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
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Wittlund S, Butenko D, Brandseth OL, Brinchmann B, Killackey E, McDaid D, Rinaldi M, Mykletun A. Impact of Covid-19 Restrictions on Individual Placement and Support Service Delivery in Northern Norway. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOSOCIAL REHABILITATION AND MENTAL HEALTH 2022; 10:203-213. [PMID: 36159447 PMCID: PMC9483489 DOI: 10.1007/s40737-022-00304-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Individual Placement and Support (IPS) is an evidence-based supported employment program that helps people with severe mental illness to achieve steady, meaningful employment in competitive mainstream jobs. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of Covid-19 restrictions on IPS service delivery in Northern Norway between March and October 2020. In Norway, IPS is in the early stages of full-scale implementation and is therefore potentially sensitive to external stressors such as the Covid-19 pandemic. In October 2020 we conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional survey with IPS employment specialists in Northern Norway (n = 25). The purpose was to collect information about how Covid-19 restrictions between March and October 2020 impacted their ability to deliver IPS services. As a result of Covid-19 restrictions, more than half the employment specialists were reassigned to other roles or non-IPS related work tasks. They also reported less collaborative engagement with clinical teams and employers. 69 (20.4%) of IPS users supported by employment specialists gained employment after the Covid-19 restrictions were introduced and 82.8% of unemployed IPS users continued to seek competitive employment despite Covid-19 restrictions. Covid-19 restrictions appear to have created obstacles for IPS service delivery in Northern Norway and have negatively impacted the employment specialists' collaborative engagement with clinical teams. However, IPS employment specialists have shown strong capabilities in overcoming these challenges and services users have remained motivated to seek employment during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Wittlund
- Centre for Work and Mental Health, Nordland Hospital Trust, Bodø, Norway
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT – The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Daniil Butenko
- Centre for Work and Mental Health, Nordland Hospital Trust, Bodø, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Research and Education in Forensic Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Beate Brinchmann
- Centre for Work and Mental Health, Nordland Hospital Trust, Bodø, Norway
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT – The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Eóin Killackey
- Orygen, Melbourne, Australia Centre for Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David McDaid
- Department of Health Policy, Care Policy and Evaluation Centre, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK
| | - Miles Rinaldi
- Centre for Work and Mental Health, Nordland Hospital Trust, Bodø, Norway
- Centre for Research and Education in Forensic Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- South West London and St George’s Mental Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Arnstein Mykletun
- Centre for Work and Mental Health, Nordland Hospital Trust, Bodø, Norway
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT – The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Centre for Research and Education in Forensic Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Division for Health Sciences, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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Deng Y, Park M, Chen J, Yang J, Xie L, Li H, Wang L, Chen Y. Emotional discourse analysis of COVID-19 patients and their mental health: A text mining study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274247. [PMID: 36112638 PMCID: PMC9481002 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 has caused negative emotional responses in patients, with significant mental health consequences for the infected population. The need for an in-depth analysis of the emotional state of COVID-19 patients is imperative. This study employed semi-structured interviews and the text mining method to investigate features in lived experience narratives of COVID-19 patients and healthy controls with respect to five basic emotions. The aim was to identify differences in emotional status between the two matched groups of participants. The results indicate generally higher complexity and more expressive emotional language in healthy controls than in COVID-19 patients. Specifically, narratives of fear, happiness, and sadness by COVID-19 patients were significantly shorter as compared to healthy controls. Regarding lexical features, COVID-19 patients used more emotional words, in particular words of fear, disgust, and happiness, as opposed to those used by healthy controls. Emotional disorder symptoms of COVID-19 patients at the lexical level tended to focus on the emotions of fear and disgust. They narrated more in relation to self or family while healthy controls mainly talked about others. Our automatic emotional discourse analysis potentially distinguishes clinical status of COVID-19 patients versus healthy controls, and can thus be used to predict mental health disorder symptoms in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Deng
- College of Language Intelligence, Sichuan International Studies University, Chongqing, China
| | - Minjun Park
- Chinese Language and Literature, Duksung Women’s University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Juanjuan Chen
- Institute of Educational Planning and Assessment, Sichuan International Studies University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jixue Yang
- School of English, Sichuan International Studies University, Chongqing, China
| | - Luxue Xie
- School of English, Sichuan International Studies University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huimin Li
- School of English, Sichuan International Studies University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Wang
- Science and Education Department, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Yaokai Chen
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
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Tsai J, Huang M, Blosnich JR, Elbogen EB. Evictions and tenant-landlord relationships during the 2020-2021 eviction moratorium in the US. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 70:117-126. [PMID: 35030643 DOI: 10.1002/ajcp.12581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study provisionally examined the effects of the US eviction moratorium instituted in response to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Three waves of data collected May 2020-April 2021 from a nationally representative sample of middle- and low-income US tenants (n = 3393 in Wave 1, n = 1311 in Wave 2, and 814 in Wave 3) were analyzed. Across three waves, 4.3% of tenants reported experiencing an eviction during the moratorium and 6%-23% of tenants reported delaying paying rent because of the moratorium. Multivariable analyses found that tenants who delayed paying their rent, were female, or had a history of mental illness or substance use disorder were more likely to report the eviction moratorium had a negative effect on their landlord relationship. COVID-19 infection was not predictive of eviction but tenants with a history of homelessness were more than nine times as likely to report an eviction than those without such a history. Together, these findings suggest the eviction moratorium may have had some unintended consequences on rent payments and tenant-landlord relationships that need to be considered with the end of the federal eviction moratorium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Tsai
- Department of Management, Policy, and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
- National Center on Homelessness Among Veterans, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Tampa, Florida
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Minda Huang
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - John R Blosnich
- National Center on Homelessness Among Veterans, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Tampa, Florida
- Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Eric B Elbogen
- National Center on Homelessness Among Veterans, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Tampa, Florida
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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Kassahun EA, Kassie BA, Tilahun SY, Bizuneh AD. Depression, anxiety and stress, during COVID-19 pandemic among midwives in ethiopia: A nationwide cross-sectional survey. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:867040. [PMID: 35958664 PMCID: PMC9360319 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.867040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction COVID-19 has rapidly crossed borders, infecting people throughout the whole world, and has led to a wide range of psychological sequelae. Midwives who come close in contact with women while providing care are often left stricken with inadequate protection from contamination with COVID-19. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the level of depression, anxiety, and stress (DASS) among midwives in Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from 20 June to 20 August 2020, among 1,691 practicing midwives in Ethiopia. A simple random sampling technique was used to select study participants. Data were collected through a structured telephone interview. A 21-item depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS-21) was used. Data were entered using the Google forms platform and were analyzed with SPSS version 24. Both bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were employed. Variables with a p-value < 0.05 in the final model were declared statistically significant. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was used to determine independent predictors. Results The prevalence of DASS among midwives in Ethiopia was 41.1, 29.6, and 19.0%, respectively. Being female [AOR = 1.35; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.69], working in rural areas [AOR = 1.39; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.82], having poor knowledge of COVID-19 [AOR = 1.40; 95% CI: 1.12, 1.75], having poor preventive practice [AOR = 1.83; 95% CI: 1.47, 2.28], and substance use [AOR = 0.31; 95% CI: 0.17, 0.56] were significantly associated with depression; while, working in the governmental health facility [AOR = 2.44; 95% CI: 1.24, 4.78], having poor preventive practice [AOR = 1,47; 95% CI: 1.16, 1.85], and having poor attitude [AOR = 2.22; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.66] were significantly associated with anxiety. Furthermore, working in rural areas [AOR = 0.57; 95% CI: 0.39, 0.83], substance use [AOR = 2.06; 95% CI: 1.51, 2.81], having poor knowledge [AOR = 1.44; 95% CI: 1.20, 1.90], and having poor preventive practice [AOR = 1.60; 95% CI: 1.23, 2.10] were associated with stress. Conclusion In this study, the overall magnitude of depression, anxiety, and stress were high. Addressing knowledge gaps through information, training, and safety protocols on COVID-19 and the provision of adequate personal protective equipment (PPE) is essential to preserve the mental health of Midwives during COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Belayneh Ayanaw Kassie
- Department of Women’s and Family Health, School of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Sewbesew Yitayih Tilahun
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Kølbæk P, Jefsen OH, Speed M, Østergaard SD. Mental health of patients with mental illness during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown: a questionnaire-based survey weighted for attrition. Nord J Psychiatry 2022; 76:338-347. [PMID: 34533424 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2021.1970222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with pre-existing mental illness may be particularly vulnerable to the negative impact that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic seems to have on mental health. Accordingly, the objective of the present study was to assess whether patients with mental illness experienced deterioration in mental health during the COVID-19 lockdown of Denmark in the Spring of 2020. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey coupled with sociodemographic and clinical data from the medical records of all invitees. The latter enabled analysis of attrition and weighting of results. The online questionnaire included the 18-item Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-18), the five-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5), and 14 questions evaluating worsening or improvement in symptoms during lockdown using the pre-pandemic period as reference. RESULTS A total of 992 randomly drawn patients with mental illness from the psychiatric services of the Central Denmark Region responded to the questionnaire (response rate = 21.6%). The weighted mean WHO-5 and BSI-18 scores were 38 and 28, respectively. A total of 52% of the respondents reported that their mental health had deteriorated during the lockdown, while 33% reported no change, and 16% reported improvement. The most commonly reported reasons for deterioration were loneliness, disruption of routines, concerns regarding the coronavirus, less contact with family/friends, boredom, and reduced access to psychiatric care. CONCLUSION More than half of the patients reported worsening of their mental health during the pandemic lockdown. There should be an increased emphasis on ensuring both social and clinical support for individuals with mental illness during pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pernille Kølbæk
- Department of Affective Disorders, Aarhus University Hospital - Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark.,Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital - Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Oskar Hougaard Jefsen
- Department of Affective Disorders, Aarhus University Hospital - Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark.,Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital - Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Maria Speed
- Department of Affective Disorders, Aarhus University Hospital - Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Søren Dinesen Østergaard
- Department of Affective Disorders, Aarhus University Hospital - Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Mohapatra S, Ayash Kumar P, Farooq U, Jain P, Khan R, Hassan N, Shamim A, Javed Ansari M, Alalaiwe AS, Aldawsari MF, Aamir Mirza M, Iqbal Z. COVID 19 pandemic challenges and their management: A review of medicines, vaccines, patents and clinical trials with emphasis on psychological health issues. Saudi Pharm J 2022; 30:879-905. [PMID: 35645588 PMCID: PMC9128298 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2022.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 (COVID 19) paroxysm is a dominant health exigency that caused significant distress, affecting physical and mental health. Increased mortality, a stressed healthcare system, financial crisis, isolation, and new living and working styles enhanced societal commiseration leading to poor health outcomes. Though people try to maintain good physical health but unfortunately the mental affliction is still ignored. Poor psychological health has emerged as a burgeoning social issue and demands attention. Henceforth, the fundamental objective of this review article is to collate information about COVID-linked physical and psychological agony in diverse population groups with related symptoms and accessible diagnosis techniques. Recent studies have unraveled the fragile mental states of people who have either contracted COVID 19 or had near and dear ones falling prey to it. The impact of the epidemic on the human mind both in short and long-term, with possible risk and preventive factors together with suggested solutions for maintaining good health have also been discussed here. It also enlists the available medications, vaccines and investigational research in the form of patents and clinical trials. This article can be taken as an updated information sheet for COVID 19, accompanied by its management techniques with special emphasis on coping strategies for mental health. Further, it may also assist the policymakers to devise approaches that could enable the public to overcome the pandemic-driven adversity not only in the given situation but also futuristically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sradhanjali Mohapatra
- Nanotechnology Lab, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - P. Ayash Kumar
- Sun Pharmaceutical Industry Limited, R& D Centre, Gurugram, India
| | - Uzma Farooq
- Nanotechnology Lab, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Pooja Jain
- Nanotechnology Lab, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Rahmuddin Khan
- Nanotechnology Lab, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Nazia Hassan
- Nanotechnology Lab, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Athar Shamim
- Nanotechnology Lab, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed S. Alalaiwe
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed F. Aldawsari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Aamir Mirza
- Nanotechnology Lab, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Zeenat Iqbal
- Nanotechnology Lab, School of Pharmaceutics Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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Scendoni R, Fedeli P, Cingolani M. The Network of Services for COVID-19 Vaccination in Persons With Mental Disorders: The Italian Social Health System, Its Organization, and Bioethical Issues. Front Public Health 2022; 10:870386. [PMID: 35795707 PMCID: PMC9252269 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.870386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The adoption of restrictive measures aimed at curtailing the spread of SARS-CoV2 has had a harmful impact on socio-affective relationships, while limiting the scope of interventions and activities to promote social inclusion, with considerable negative repercussions for patients with mental disorders. Vaccination has been and will continue to be a valid tool to overcome the barriers of social isolation and to protect the health of this category of patients. In this paper we present an overview of the Italian network of social and healthcare services for COVID-19 vaccination among patients with mental disorders. Some aspects of medical ethics are discussed in order to share good practices for improving the health of this vulnerable group of people. We then consider the measures implemented by the health system in Italy to deal with the phenomenon of vaccine hesitancy before addressing the issue of autonomy and restricted access to vaccination points. Finally, we illustrate some of the perspectives already adopted by the Italian system, which may be useful to the global scientific community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Scendoni
- Department of Law, Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Macerata, Macerata, Italy
| | | | - Mariano Cingolani
- Department of Law, Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Macerata, Macerata, Italy
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Mork E, Aminoff SR, Barrett EA, Simonsen C, Hegelstad WTV, Lagerberg TV, Melle I, Romm KL. COVID-19 lockdown - who cares? The first lockdown from the perspective of relatives of people with severe mental illness. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1104. [PMID: 35655294 PMCID: PMC9162484 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13458-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Informal care is vital to many people with severe mental illness under normal circumstances. Little is known about how extraordinary circumstances affect relatives with a family member with mental illness. This study investigated the consequences of the first COVID-19 lockdown in Norway from the perspective of relatives of persons with psychotic- and/or bipolar disorders: What were the challenges and for whom? METHOD Relatives were invited to complete an online survey shortly after the first lockdown was initiated. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected concerning experiences of relatives' own and their affected family members' health and situation. Two hundred and seventy-nine relatives completed the survey, mostly mothers and partners. RESULTS One-third of the relatives reported considerable deterioration in their family members' mental health, and a substantial minority worried about severe self-harm or suicide. Main themes in the qualitative analyses were "Isolation and its effects on mental health", "Worrying about the pandemic and its consequences", "Increased symptomatology" and "Suicide". Being a relative during the lockdown put heavy strain on the relatives' own health, in particular disturbance of sleep, concentration, and the ability to take care of others in the family. Relatives of family members with psychotic bipolar disorder, not currently in treatment, or living with their family experienced the situation especially challenging. CONCLUSIONS Many relatives found the first lockdown hard for their family. Efforts to integrate relatives' perspectives in health care and contingency plans under normal circumstances could potentially alleviate some of the extra burden experienced by families during extraordinary circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erlend Mork
- Early Intervention in Psychosis Advisory Unit for Southeast Norway (TIPS Sør-Øst), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Nydalen, P.O. box 4956, 0424, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Sofie R Aminoff
- Early Intervention in Psychosis Advisory Unit for Southeast Norway (TIPS Sør-Øst), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Nydalen, P.O. box 4956, 0424, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Nydalen, P.O. box 4956, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elizabeth Ann Barrett
- Early Intervention in Psychosis Advisory Unit for Southeast Norway (TIPS Sør-Øst), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Nydalen, P.O. box 4956, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Carmen Simonsen
- Early Intervention in Psychosis Advisory Unit for Southeast Norway (TIPS Sør-Øst), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Nydalen, P.O. box 4956, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Wenche Ten Velden Hegelstad
- TIPS Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Stavanger University Hospital, 4011, Stavanger, Norway
- Institute of Social Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, P.O. box 8600, 4036, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Trine Vik Lagerberg
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Nydalen, PB 4956, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Melle
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Nydalen, P.O. box 4956, 0424, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Nydalen, PB 4956, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristin Lie Romm
- Early Intervention in Psychosis Advisory Unit for Southeast Norway (TIPS Sør-Øst), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Nydalen, P.O. box 4956, 0424, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Nydalen, P.O. box 4956, 0424, Oslo, Norway
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Coping, Social Support and Loneliness during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Their Effect on Depression and Anxiety: Patients’ Experiences in Community Mental Health Centers in Norway. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10050875. [PMID: 35628012 PMCID: PMC9141660 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10050875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Little is known about psychiatric patients’ experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to investigate associations of coping strategies, social support and loneliness with mental health symptoms among these patients. Methods: We recruited 164 patients from Community Mental Health Centers in June–July 2020. Participants responded to an online questionnaire on corona-related questions, Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experience, Crisis Support Scale, a 3-item Loneliness Scale, and Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25. We used linear regression models to investigate associations between these and symptoms of depression and anxiety. Results: Almost 51% were aged 31–50 years and 77% were females. Forty-six (28%) participants reported worsened overall mental health due to the pandemic. The reported rates of clinical depression and anxiety were 84% and 76%, respectively. Maladaptive coping was independently associated with both depression and anxiety symptoms. Loneliness was independently associated with depression symptoms. Conclusions: Patients in Community Mental Health Centers in Norway reported high rates of depression and anxiety symptoms. Many of them reported worsening of their mental health due to the pandemic, even at a time when COVID-19 infections and restrictive measures were relatively low. Maladaptive coping strategies and loneliness may be possible explanations for more distress.
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Barrett EA, Simonsen C, Aminoff SR, Hegelstad WTV, Lagerberg TV, Melle I, Mork E, Romm KL. The COVID-19 pandemic impact on wellbeing and mental health in people with psychotic and bipolar disorders. Brain Behav 2022; 12:e2559. [PMID: 35385888 PMCID: PMC9110908 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic affects people globally, but it may affect people with psychotic and bipolar disorders disproportionally. Our aims were to investigate the pandemic impact on perceived wellbeing and mental health in this population, including which pandemic-related factors have had an impact. METHODS People with psychotic and bipolar disorders (N = 520; female = 81%; psychotic disorders n = 75/bipolar disorder n = 445) completed an online survey about wellbeing and mental health in the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic (June 5-July 5, 2020). RESULTS Many participants experienced deteriorated wellbeing and mental health after the pandemic outbreak, especially in life satisfaction, meaning in life, positive feelings, depression, anxiety, and self-harm/suicidal ideation. Experienced recovery from mental health difficulties was significantly lower after compared to before the outbreak. Participants with psychotic disorders had significantly poorer wellbeing and mental health than participants with bipolar disorders, although they experienced significantly more worsening only of psychotic symptoms. Nearly half the participants reported coping with the situation; however, most factors potentially important to wellbeing and mental health changed adversely, including sufficiency and quality of treatment. More loneliness, low coping, insufficient mental health treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic, pandemic worry, more insomnia symptoms, and increased alcohol use predicted poor wellbeing and poor mental health. CONCLUSIONS During a pandemic, it is particularly important that mental health services strive to offer the best possible treatment under the current conditions and target loneliness, coping strategies, pandemic worry, insomnia, and increased alcohol use to uphold wellbeing and reduce mental health difficulties. For some, teletherapy is an agreeable substitute for traditional therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Ann Barrett
- Early Intervention in Psychosis Advisory Unit for South East Norway (TIPS Sør‐Øst)Division of Mental Health and AddictionOslo University HospitalOsloNorway
| | - Carmen Simonsen
- Early Intervention in Psychosis Advisory Unit for South East Norway (TIPS Sør‐Øst)Division of Mental Health and AddictionOslo University HospitalOsloNorway
| | - Sofie Ragnhild Aminoff
- Early Intervention in Psychosis Advisory Unit for South East Norway (TIPS Sør‐Øst)Division of Mental Health and AddictionOslo University HospitalOsloNorway
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT)Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Wenche Ten Velden Hegelstad
- TIPS Centre for Clinical Research in PsychosisStavanger University HospitalStavangerNorway
- Institute of Social StudiesFaculty of Social SciencesUniversity of StavangerStavangerNorway
| | - Trine Vik Lagerberg
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT)Division of Mental Health and AddictionOslo University HospitalOsloNorway
| | - Ingrid Melle
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT)Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT)Division of Mental Health and AddictionOslo University HospitalOsloNorway
| | - Erlend Mork
- Early Intervention in Psychosis Advisory Unit for South East Norway (TIPS Sør‐Øst)Division of Mental Health and AddictionOslo University HospitalOsloNorway
| | - Kristin Lie Romm
- Early Intervention in Psychosis Advisory Unit for South East Norway (TIPS Sør‐Øst)Division of Mental Health and AddictionOslo University HospitalOsloNorway
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT)Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
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