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Higuera-Gómez A, de Cuevillas B, Ribot-Rodríguez R, San-Cristobal R, de la O V, Dos Santos K, Cuevas-Sierra A, Martínez JA. Reciprocal and Differential Influences of Mediterranean Diet and Physical Activity on Adiposity in a Cohort of Young and Older than 40 Years Adults. Nutrients 2024; 16:1777. [PMID: 38892710 PMCID: PMC11175043 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Translational research has documented the conjoint beneficial relationships between dietary and physical activity habits concerning weight maintenance. However, the precise interplay between diet and exercise impacting body composition remains unclear, challenging personalized interventions. This study aimed to explore potential interactions and effect modifications of these factors affecting the body mass index (BMI) within an online adult cohort. Data from 11,883 NUTRiMDEA cohort participants were analyzed in this cross-sectional study, categorizing individuals by age, sex, and BMI using linear regression models to assess the interactions between lifestyle factors and adiposity. Significant differences emerged in anthropometry, lifestyle, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) across categories. The combined effect of diet and physical activity had a greater impact on BMI than physical activity or Mediterranean diet adherence alone, with lower BMI as physical activity levels increased (β: -0.5) and adherence to the Mediterranean diet decreased, where a modification effect between them was identified (β: -0.28). Participants with lower Mediterranean diet adherence displayed superior BMI when physical activity was low, but when activity levels were higher, their BMI aligned with those with healthier dietary habits. An interaction link between lifestyle factors and BMI was found, showing the differential effects of the Mediterranean diet and physical activity combination concerning adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Higuera-Gómez
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, IMDEA-Food Institute, Campus of International Excellence (CEI) UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-G.); (R.R.-R.); (V.d.l.O.); (A.C.-S.); (J.A.M.)
| | - Begoña de Cuevillas
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, IMDEA-Food Institute, Campus of International Excellence (CEI) UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-G.); (R.R.-R.); (V.d.l.O.); (A.C.-S.); (J.A.M.)
| | - Rosa Ribot-Rodríguez
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, IMDEA-Food Institute, Campus of International Excellence (CEI) UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-G.); (R.R.-R.); (V.d.l.O.); (A.C.-S.); (J.A.M.)
| | - Rodrigo San-Cristobal
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels, l’Université Laval (INAF), Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Víctor de la O
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, IMDEA-Food Institute, Campus of International Excellence (CEI) UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-G.); (R.R.-R.); (V.d.l.O.); (A.C.-S.); (J.A.M.)
- Faculty of Health Sciences, International University of La Rioja (UNIR), 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Karina Dos Santos
- Josué de Castro Institute of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 373, Carlos Chagas Filho Ave, University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, RJ, Brazil;
- Public Health Nutrition Department, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, 296, Pasteur Ave, Rio de Janeiro 22290-240, RJ, Brazil
| | - Amanda Cuevas-Sierra
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, IMDEA-Food Institute, Campus of International Excellence (CEI) UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-G.); (R.R.-R.); (V.d.l.O.); (A.C.-S.); (J.A.M.)
| | - J. Alfredo Martínez
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, IMDEA-Food Institute, Campus of International Excellence (CEI) UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (A.H.-G.); (R.R.-R.); (V.d.l.O.); (A.C.-S.); (J.A.M.)
- Biomedical Research Centre for Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition Network (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Zvolensky MJ, Clausen BK, Shepherd JM, Redmond BY. Neighborhood Vigilance in Terms of Abstinence Expectancies for Smoking and Severity of Problems When Quitting. Subst Use Misuse 2024; 59:1495-1502. [PMID: 38831539 PMCID: PMC11225064 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2024.2360092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Background: Although social determinants of health (SDoH) have increasingly been understood as clinically important factors in the onset, maintenance, and relapse of substance use behavior, little research has evaluated neighborhood vigilance in terms of smoking. Objectives: The present investigation sought to evaluate the role of neighborhood vigilance in terms of smoking abstinence expectancies (i.e., perceived consequences of refraining from smoking, including negative mood, somatic symptoms, harmful consequences, and positive consequences) and severity of problems when trying to quit among adults who smoke. Results: Participants included 93 treatment-seeking people who smoke (45.2 years of age and 29% identified as female). Results: indicated that greater levels of neighborhood vigilance were associated with negative mood and harmful consequences abstinence expectancies. No effect was evident for somatic symptom abstinence expectancies after Bonferroni correction. Conclusions: As expected, neighborhood vigilance was not predictive of positive abstinence expectancies, offering explanatory specificity. Neighborhood vigilance was also associated with more severe problems when trying to quit smoking. The current findings suggest neighborhood vigilance represents an important contextual factor involved in certain negative beliefs about abstinence and challenges in quitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Zvolensky
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- HEALTH Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bryce K. Clausen
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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Xu S, Qi J, Liu C, Xia W, Wang Z, Li K, Zhou M, Liu H. Evaluation of three decades of the burden of low back pain in China before COVID-19: Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease Database 2019. J Glob Health 2024; 14:04006. [PMID: 38487857 PMCID: PMC10940963 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.14.04006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Low back pain (LBP) is reported as an urgent public-health concern globally because it occurs in all age groups and is now the leading cause of disability, with health systems unable to cope with this burden. We present China's burden of LBP by estimating its prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs) from 1990 to 2019. Methods We obtained the data relating to LBP from the Global Burden of Disease Database (GBD) 2019. Then we calculated years lived with disability caused by LBP by multiplying the prevalence of LBP sequelae by their corresponding disability weights. We performed an analysis of the age-, sex-, and province-specific prevalence and YLDs of 33 provinces/regions in China, as well as their relationship with the sociodemographic index (SDI). Results China has the largest numbers of people with LBP (91.3 million) and YLDs (8.6 million) globally, and LBP is the leading cause of YLDs. The age-standardised prevalence was 7.25% in 1990, and this decreased to 5.13% in 2019. The age-standardised YLD rate was 579/100 000 in 2019, having decreased by 28.97%. Both measurements increased with age, being higher in women and varying across the 33 provinces/regions. For the 5-to-14-year age group, the prevalence (4.50%) and YLD rate (4.51%) increased in 2019 from 1990 (3.21% and 3.21%, respectively) when compared to the elderly group. Age-standardised YLD rates experienced decreases with increasing SDI, while there was an increasing tendency as SDI increased further; the changes for women were more obvious. Conclusions Over the three decades considered, China has continued to have the largest number of people with LBP in the world, even though the age-standardised prevalence has decreased. YLDs were found to decrease as SDI increased, but they subsequently increased again. LBP still presents a burden, particularly for children and postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Xu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinlei Qi
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Chenjun Liu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiwei Xia
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenbo Wang
- Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kexin Li
- Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Maigeng Zhou
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Haiying Liu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Duarte Junior MA, Pintos Carrillo S, Martínez-Gómez D, Sotos Prieto M, Rodríguez-Artalejo F, Cabanas Sánchez V. Lifestyle behaviors, social and economic disadvantages, and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: results from the US National Health Interview Survey. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1297060. [PMID: 38481841 PMCID: PMC10933051 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1297060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim To examine the independent relationships of lifestyle and social and economic factors with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in a large representative sample of the US adult population. Furthermore, the association between the combination of lifestyle and social and economic factors with mortality was analyzed in detail. Methods The sample included 103,314 participants with valid records and eligible for mortality follow-up, and information on lifestyle factors and social and economic disadvantages (NHIS waves 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015). An unhealthy lifestyle score was constructed using information on physical activity, alcohol consumption, diet, and smoking status. Social and economic disadvantages were assessed using information on education, receipt of dividends, employment, family's home, and access to private health. Information on mortality data was determined by the National Death Index records. Results Compared with favorable lifestyle, unfavorable lifestyle was associated with higher all-cause (HR 2.07; 95% CI 1.97-2.19) and CVD (HR 1.84; 95% CI 1.68-2.02) mortality. Higher social and economic disadvantages were also associated with higher all-cause (HR 2.44; 95% CI 2.30-2.59) and CVD mortality (HR 2.44; 95% CI 2.16-2.77), compared to low social and economic disadvantages. In joint associations, participants in the high social and economic disadvantage and unfavorable lifestyle showed a greater risk of all-cause (HR 4.06; 95% CI 3.69-4.47) and CVD mortality (HR 3.98; 95% CI 3.31-4.79). Conclusion Lifestyle and social and economic disadvantages are associated with all-cause and CVD mortality. The risk of mortality increases as the number of social and economic disadvantages and unhealthy lifestyles increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Angelo Duarte Junior
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Salud Pintos Carrillo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Martínez-Gómez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Sotos Prieto
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Verónica Cabanas Sánchez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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Wang J, Zhou H, Chen H, Feng H, Chang T, Sun C, Guo R, Ruan Z, Bi F, Li J, Wang J, Wang K, Ma G, Lei S, Wang C, Wang Z, Huang F, Zhang S, Wen Q, Wang Y, Sun Y, Li Y, Xie N, Liu H, Jiang Y, Lei L, Fan Z, Su S, Lu Y, Di L, Xu M, Wang M, Chen H, Wang S, Wen X, Zhu W, Duo J, Huang Y, Zheng D, Da Y. Environmental factors affecting the risk of generalization for ocular-onset myasthenia gravis: a nationwide cohort study. QJM 2024; 117:109-118. [PMID: 37802883 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcad225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The environmental effects on the prognosis of ocular myasthenia gravis (OMG) remain largely unexplored. AIM To investigate the association between specific environmental factors and the generalization of OMG. DESIGN The cohort study was conducted in China based on a nationwide multicenter database. METHODS Adult patients with OMG at onset, who were followed up for at least 2 years until May 2022, were included. We collected data on demographic and clinical factors, as well as environmental factors, including latitude, socioeconomic status (per capita disposable income [PDI] at provincial level and education) and smoking. The study outcome was the time to the development of generalized myasthenia gravis (GMG). Cox models were employed to examine the association between environmental exposures and generalization. Restricted cubic spline was used to model the association of latitude with generalization risk. RESULTS A total of 1396 participants were included. During a median follow-up of 5.15 (interquartile range [IQR] 3.37-9.03) years, 735 patients developed GMG within a median of 5.69 (IQR 1.10-15.66) years. Latitude of 20-50°N showed a U-shaped relation with generalization risk, with the lowest risk at around 30°N; both higher and lower latitudes were associated with the increased risk (P for non-linearity <0.001). Living in areas with lower PDI had 1.28-2.11 times higher risk of generalization. No significant association was observed with education or smoking. CONCLUSIONS Latitude and provincial-level PDI were associated with the generalization of OMG in China. Further studies are warranted to validate our findings and investigate their potential applications in clinical practice and health policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingsi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyu Zhou
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongxi Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huiyu Feng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Chang
- Department of Neurology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chao Sun
- Department of Neurology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rongjing Guo
- Department of Neurology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhe Ruan
- Department of Neurology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fangfang Bi
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianwen Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kang Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gaoting Ma
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shaoyuan Lei
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunxiu Wang
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihong Wang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Feifei Huang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Wen
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaye Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Sun
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Nairong Xie
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Haoran Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuting Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Lei
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhirong Fan
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shengyao Su
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Di
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hai Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Suobin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinmei Wen
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjia Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianying Duo
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Deqiang Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuwei Da
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Griban GP, Semeniv BS, Alpatova OM, Bakuridze-Manina VB, Tomich LM, Oliinyk MO, Khlus NO. Current state of students' health and factors as well as means of its improvement. WIADOMOSCI LEKARSKIE (WARSAW, POLAND : 1960) 2024; 77:1161-1166. [PMID: 39106375 DOI: 10.36740/wlek202406108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aim: To assess the current state of students' health in higher educational institutions in Ukraine and identify the main measures, factors, and means of its improvement. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and Methods: The research was conducted in 2022-2023 and involved 266 second-year students (82 males, 184 females) from different faculties. Research methods: analysis of literary sources, observation, questionnaire surveys, and statistical methods. RESULTS Results: A general downward trend in the level of health among students in higher educational institutions in Ukraine has been established. The deterioration of the health of male students is particularly worrying: the number of students with good health has decreased by 34.1 % over the past 10 years, while the number of students with poor and very poor health has increased by 14.0 % and 3.7 %, respectively. It has been found that 41.5 % of male and 34.2 % of female students do not know the cause of their illness and do not know how to prevent it. Students are well aware of the value of their health but do not care about it, are too lazy to exercise and rely on medications or a doctor when they are ill. CONCLUSION Conclusions: A student's health is his or her social and personal values, level of culture, ability to withstand heavy physical and mental stress, and ability to adapt to various external factors. Therefore, the primary task of physical education departments should be to form the interests, desires, and motives of students for physical exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bogdan S Semeniv
- STEPAN GZHYTSKYI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF VETERINARY MEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGIES LVIV, LVIV, UKRAINE
| | | | | | - Liliya M Tomich
- KYIV NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGIES AND DESIGN, KYIV, UKRAINE
| | - Mykhailo O Oliinyk
- BOGDAN KHMELNITSKY MELITOPOL STATE PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY, ZAPORIZHZHIA, UKRAINE
| | - Nataliia O Khlus
- OLEKSANDR DOVZHENKO HLUKHIV NATIONAL PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY, HLUKHIV, UKRAINE
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Okhrimenko IМ, Pop OY, Hresa NV, Shylina AA, Tyurina VO, Bakanychev OV, Lyakhova NA. Motivational and value-based attitude of law enforcement officers to motor activity as a factor of a healthy lifestyle. WIADOMOSCI LEKARSKIE (WARSAW, POLAND : 1960) 2024; 77:1224-1229. [PMID: 39106384 DOI: 10.36740/wlek202406117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aim: To study the attitude of law enforcement officers to motor activity and investigate its impact on their health. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and Methods: The research, which was conducted in 2022-2024, involved 163 law enforcement officers under the age of 30. Research methods: bibliosemantic, questionnaire, testing, medical and biological methods, methods of mathematical statistics. RESULTS Results: It has been found that the vast majority of law enforcement officers (85.3 %) understand the importance of motor activity as a factor of a healthy lifestyle, its impact on physical and mental health, and quality of their professional activities. At the same time, only 27.6 % of law enforcement officers systematically engage in motor activity, 52.8 % do it sporadically, and 25.8 % do not engage in it at all. Among the reasons that prevent them from exercising are lack of time (65.6 %), lack of desire (31.3 %), and fatigue after a service day (28.1 %). It has been found that law enforcement officers who systematically engage in motor activity have a significantly better level of health (7.31 points) compared to those who engage in occasional motor activity (5.07 points) and do not engage at all (2.19 points). CONCLUSION Conclusions: The positive impact of motor activity on the level of health of law enforcement officers has been proved. Good health is a guarantee of high resistance of law enforcement officers to negative factors of professional activities, professional longevity, and quality of their professional tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olena Yu Pop
- VINNYTSIA MYKHAILO KOTSIUBYNSKYI STATE PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY, VINNYTSIA, UKRAINE
| | - Nataliia V Hresa
- КHARKIV NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS, КHARKIV, UKRAINE
| | - Alla A Shylina
- КHARKIV NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS, КHARKIV, UKRAINE
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Coombs C, Savoie-Roskos MR, Farnsworth A, Jimenez L, LeBlanc H. Assessing the Impact of Multilevel Comprehensive Programming on SNAP-Ed Participant Behaviors. Health Promot Pract 2023:15248399231218938. [PMID: 38153140 DOI: 10.1177/15248399231218938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine differences in dietary, physical activity, and food selection behaviors of Utah SNAP-Ed participants who had varied breadth of engagement with various components of multilevel programming. METHOD SNAP-Ed participants received a survey approximately 1 year after participating in nutrition classes. The survey measured diet, physical activity, and food selection behaviors and breadth of engagement with components of SNAP-Ed programming. Components of programming included nutrition education for adults and youth, nudge programs in food pantries and corner stores, farmers' market booths, social marketing campaign materials, and social media platforms. Kruskal-Wallis tests assessed differences in behaviors between varying breadths of program engagement. RESULTS Among the 124 respondents, certain dietary behaviors improved with increased breadth of program engagement including intake of vegetables, low-fat dairy, and lean protein. Food selection behaviors including using MyPlate and preparing healthy foods on a budget, also improved with increased engagement. Physical activity was not impacted by additional breadth of exposure. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Findings suggest that multilevel comprehensive programming may enhance the impact of SNAP-Ed education for certain behaviors. Additional research is warranted on the impact of SNAP-Ed multilevel programming on targeted behaviors and health outcomes.
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de O Alencar L, Silva SA, Borges LPSL, da Costa THM, de Carvalho KMB. Lifestyle Patterns in the Late Postoperative Period of Bariatric Surgery: a Descriptive Analysis of the CINTO Study. Obes Surg 2023; 33:3938-3943. [PMID: 37880463 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-023-06897-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The behavior of patients undergoing metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS) has been widely investigated to better understand their attitudes and to formulate effective advisory strategies. Although these elements have been studied separately, the magnitude of these behaviors still needs to be determined from a combined factors approach. This study aimed to identify the lifestyle patterns of patients who underwent MBS 5 or more years ago. METHODS In this observational study, 123 patients who underwent MBS at least 5 years ago were included. Anthropometric data, sociodemographic profile, dietary intake, physical activity level, sleeping, smoking, and alcohol consumption were collected for all participants. Lifestyle pattern was evaluated using principal component analysis (PCA) and the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) index was applied to evaluate data factorability. RESULTS PCA identified two patterns of behavior adopted by the participants in the late postoperative (PO) period (more than 5 years PO) of MBS. In the first pattern, a positive correlation was found between consumption of ultra-processed foods (r = 0.459), risky consumption of alcoholic beverages (r = 0.630), and tobacco use (r = 0.584). In the second, a positive correlation was observed between the consumption of unprocessed or minimally processed foods (r = 0.692) and more sleep time per day (r = 0.654). CONCLUSION After 5 years of PO, combined behavior analysis revealed healthy and unhealthy lifestyle patterns, which points to the relevance of permanent clinical follow-up of these patients to ensure the best health status.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara A Silva
- Graduate Program of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Campus Universitario Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, Federal District, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Lara P S L Borges
- Graduate Program of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Campus Universitario Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, Federal District, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Teresa Helena M da Costa
- Graduate Program of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Campus Universitario Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, Federal District, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Kênia M B de Carvalho
- Graduate Program of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Campus Universitario Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, Federal District, 70910-900, Brazil.
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Ma X, Zhang Z, Jin M, Hao Y, Cheng H, Yan N. Association Between Family Context and Sleep Trajectory in Middle-Aged and Elderly Chinese Adults. Nat Sci Sleep 2023; 15:915-924. [PMID: 37954027 PMCID: PMC10638916 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s422263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The study aims to reveal the association between family context and sleep trajectories in middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults. Methods Subjects (n=7777) aged between 40 and 65 years were selected from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS). Latent class analysis and the multi-trajectory method were used to identify the family context and sleep trajectories from 2010 to 2018. Multinomial (polytomous) logistic regression was performed to explore the relationship between family context and sleep trajectories. Results Five family context classes were identified according to family demographic characteristics. Simultaneously, four sleep trajectories were determined based on three sleep-related indexes. Subjects from family that had only sons or multiple-child are liable to shorten or prolong sleep duration and increase midday nap ratios compare with subjects who from family that had one or more daughters, and in future public health prevention and control, more attention could be paid to such families. Conclusion The study found that family context is associated with sleep trajectories among middle and old Chinese adults. Subjects from families with only girls seemed to have more stable sleep trajectories, while those with one or more boys' families had unstable sleep trajectories. Further interventions would be carried out for sleep disorders, it is necessary to pay more attention to the family context, especially the number and gender of children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueping Ma
- Heart Centre & Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengjun Zhang
- Heart Centre & Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meihua Jin
- Heart Centre & Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Hao
- Heart Centre & Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Cheng
- Heart Centre & Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ning Yan
- Heart Centre & Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, People’s Republic of China
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Buse K, Bestman A, Srivastava S, Marten R, Yangchen S, Nambiar D. What Are Healthy Societies? A Thematic Analysis of Relevant Conceptual Frameworks. Int J Health Policy Manag 2023; 12:7450. [PMID: 38618792 PMCID: PMC10699824 DOI: 10.34172/ijhpm.2023.7450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While support for the idea of fostering healthy societies is longstanding, there is a gap in the literature on what they are, how to beget them, and how experience might inform future efforts. This paper explores developments since Alma Ata (1978) to understand how a range of related concepts and fields inform approaches to healthy societies and to develop a model to help conceptualize future research and policy initiatives. METHODS Drawing on 68 purposively selected documents, including political declarations, commission and agency reports, peer-reviewed papers and guidance notes, we undertook qualitative thematic analysis. Three independent researchers compiled and categorised themes describing the domains of a potential healthy societies approach. RESULTS The literature provides numerous frameworks. Some of these frameworks promote alternative endpoints to development, eschewing short-term economic growth in favour of health, equity, well-being and sustainability. They also identify values, such as gender equality, collaboration, human rights and empowerment that provide the pathways to, or underpin, such endpoints. We categorize the literature into four "components": people; places; products; and planet. People refers to social positions, interactions and networks creating well-being. Places are physical environments-built and natural-and the interests and policies shaping them. Products are commodities and commercial practices impacting population health. Planet places human health in the context of the 'Anthropocene.' These components interact in complex ways across global, regional, country and community levels as outlined in our heuristic. CONCLUSION The literature offers little critical reflection on why greater progress has not been made, or on the need to organise and resist the prevailing systems which perpetuate ill-health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kent Buse
- The George Institute for Global Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Amy Bestman
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Robert Marten
- The Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research, World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sonam Yangchen
- The Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research, World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Devaki Nambiar
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- The George Institute for Global Health, New Delhi, India
- Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
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12
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Nambiar D, Bestman A, Srivastava S, Marten R, Yangchen S, Buse K. How to Build Healthy Societies: A Thematic Analysis of Relevant Conceptual Frameworks. Int J Health Policy Manag 2023; 12:7451. [PMID: 38618791 PMCID: PMC10699821 DOI: 10.34172/ijhpm.2023.7451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the Sustainable Development Goals deadline of 2030 draws near, greater attention is being given to health beyond the health sector, in other words, to the creation of healthy societies. However, action and reform in this area has not kept pace, in part due to a focus on narrower interventions and the lack of upstream action on health inequity. With an aim to guide action and political engagement for reform, we conducted a thematic analysis of concepts seeking to arrive at healthy societies. METHODS This paper drew on a qualitative thematic analysis of a purposive sample of 68 documents including political declarations, reports, peer reviewed literature and guidance published since 1974. Three independent reviewers extracted data to identify, discuss and critique public policy levers and 'enablers' of healthy societies, the "how." RESULTS The first lever concerned regulatory and fiscal measures. The second was intersectoral action. The final lever a shift in the global consensus around what signifies societal transformation and outcomes. The three enablers covered political leadership and accountability, popular mobilization and the generation and use of knowledge. CONCLUSION Documents focused largely on technical rather than political solutions. Even as the importance of political leadership was recognized, analysis of power was limited. Rights-based approaches were generally neglected as was assessing what worked or did not work to pull the levers or invest in the enablers. Frameworks typically failed to acknowledge or challenge prevailing ideologies, and did not seek to identify ways to hold or governments or corporations accountable for failures. Finally, ideas and approaches seem to recur again over the decades, without adding further nuance or analysis. This suggests a need for more upstream, critical and radical approaches to achieve healthy societies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devaki Nambiar
- The George Institute for Global Health, New Delhi, India
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Amy Bestman
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Robert Marten
- The Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research, World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sonam Yangchen
- The Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research, World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Kent Buse
- The George Institute for Global Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
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13
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Braga JPC, Wolfgram E, Batista de Souza JP, Fausto Silva LG, Estavien Y, de Almeida R, Pestana CR. Lifestyle and Sense of Coherence: A comparative analysis among university students in different areas of knowledge. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288624. [PMID: 37768963 PMCID: PMC10538790 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The concept of health has undergone profound changes. Lifestyle Medicine consists of therapeutic approaches that focus on the prevention and treatment of diseases. It follows that the quality of life of university students directly affects their health and educational progress. EXPERIMENTAL METHODOLOGY Socioeconomic, lifestyle (LS), and Salutogenesis Theory/sense of coherence (SOC) questionnaires were administered to college students from three different areas. The results were analyzed for normality and homogeneity, followed by ANOVA variance analysis and Dunn and Tukey post hoc test for multiple comparisons. Spearman's correlation coefficient evaluated the correlation between lifestyle and sense of coherence; p values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS The correlation between LS and SOC was higher among males and higher among Medical and Human sciences students compared to Exact sciences. Medical students' scores were higher than Applied sciences and Human sciences students on the LS questionnaire. Exact science students' scores on the SOC questionnaire were higher than Human sciences students. In the LS areas related to alcohol intake, sleeping quality, and behavior, there were no differences between the areas. However, women scored better in the nutrition domain and alcohol intake. The SOC was also higher in men compared to women. CONCLUSION The results obtained demonstrate in an unprecedented way in the literature that the correlation between the LS and SOC of college students varies according to gender and areas of knowledge, reflecting the importance of actions on improving students' quality of life and enabling better academic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yonel Estavien
- Medical School, UNILA University, Foz do Iguaçu, Parana, Brazil
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14
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Morgan Bustamante BL, May L, Fejerman L, Martínez-López B. A Bayesian multilevel analysis exploring population-level effects mediating the relationship between area-level poverty and community-acquired Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infection across California communities. Health Place 2023; 83:103094. [PMID: 37515963 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2023.103094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Poverty is an often-cited driver of health disparities, and associations between poverty and community-acquired Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infection are well documented. However, the pathways through which poverty influences infection have not been thoroughly examined. This project aims to identify mediating variables, or mechanisms, explaining why area-level poverty is associated with CA-MRSA infection in Californians. Bayesian multilevel models accounting for spatial confounding were developed to test whether the association between area-level poverty and CA-MRSA infection is mediated by living in a primary care shortage area (HCSA), living near an adult correctional facility, and residential environmental degradation. The association between area-level poverty and CA-MRSA infection can be partially explained by spatial autocorrelation, living in an HCSA, and environmental degradation in the neighborhood. Combined, the mediators explain approximately 6% of the odds of CA-MRSA infection for individuals living in neighborhoods with high poverty rates and 50% of the statistical association between area-level poverty and CA-MRSA infection. The statistical association between area-level poverty and infection was completely explained by the mediators for individuals living in neighborhoods with low poverty rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany L Morgan Bustamante
- Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, United States; Center for Animal Disease Modeling and Surveillance, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, United States.
| | - Larissa May
- Department, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Laura Fejerman
- Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Beatriz Martínez-López
- Center for Animal Disease Modeling and Surveillance, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
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15
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Little GM, Kohl PA, Wardropper CB. Health and Environmental Protective Behavioral Intentions for Reducing Harm from Water Pollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 72:587-597. [PMID: 36869914 PMCID: PMC9984752 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-023-01805-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Understanding what motivates people to adopt protective behaviors is important in developing effective risk messaging. Motivations may vary depending on the nature of the risk and whether it poses a personal or impersonal threat. Water pollution creates both personal (human health) and impersonal (environmental) threats, yet few studies have examined people's motivations to protect both personal health and environmental health. Protection motivation theory (PMT) uses four key variables to predict what motivates individuals to protect themselves in relation to a perceived threat. Using data from an online survey (n = 621), we investigated the relationships between PMT variables related to health and environmental protective behavioral intentions related to toxic water pollutants among residents in Oregon, Idaho, and Washington, USA. Among PMT variables, high self-efficacy (belief in one's own capacity to carry out certain behaviors) significantly predicted both health and environmental protective behavioral intentions for water pollutants, while perceived severity of the threat was only significant in the environmental behavioral intentions model. Perceived vulnerability and response efficacy (belief that a specific behavior will effectively mitigate the threat) were significant in both models. Education level, political affiliation, and subjective knowledge of pollutants were significant predictors of environmental protective behavioral intentions, but not health protective behavioral intentions. The results of this study suggest that when communicating environmental risks of water pollution, highlighting self-efficacy in messaging is particularly important to promote protective environmental and personal health behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace M Little
- Department of Natural Resources and Society, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Drive MS 1139, Moscow, ID, 83844-1139, USA.
| | - Patrice A Kohl
- SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Chloe B Wardropper
- Department of Natural Resources and Society, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Drive MS 1139, Moscow, ID, 83844-1139, USA
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1102 S Goodwin Drive, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
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16
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Trejo R, Díaz-Torres ST, Franco J, Aguirre Sánchez J, Jácome JA, Saleme E, Talavera JO. [Risk management system to reduce COVID-19 infection in health personnelSistema de gestão de riscos para reduzir o contágio de COVID-19 em profissionais de saúde]. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2023; 47:e114. [PMID: 37564920 PMCID: PMC10408724 DOI: 10.26633/rpsp.2023.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess the occupational factors associated with the occurrence of COVID-19 in health personnel who were exposed to different magnitudes of risk and who followed the United Nations crisis management policy for COVID-19. Methods Cross-sectional survey conducted between April and May 2021. The low-risk group (LRG) were considered to be those who had minimal contact with patients; the medium-risk group (MRG) had contact with non-COVID-19 patients and did not perform instrumental airway intervention; and the high-risk group (HRG) were those who cared for COVID-19 patients and performed instrumental intervention with aerosol generation. Diagnosed COVID-19 disease and the presence of positive IgG antibodies for SARS-CoV-2 measured with Elecsys® anti-SARS-CoV-2 were considered as outcomes. Results Outcome recorded in 43.8% of the LRG, versus 46.7% in the MRG (odds ratio [OR]: 1.125; 95% confidence interval [CI 95% ]: 0.896-1.414; p = 0.311), and 48.6% in the HRG (OR: 1,214; CI 95%: 0.964-1.530; p= 0.10). Conclusion Belonging to the high-risk group and the medium-risk group, based on the degree of exposure to confirmed COVID-19 patients in the work area, was not associated with a higher occurrence of disease or seroconversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Trejo
- Centro Médico ABCCiudad de MéxicoMéxicoCentro Médico ABC, Ciudad de México, México.
| | | | - Juvenal Franco
- Centro Médico ABCCiudad de MéxicoMéxicoCentro Médico ABC, Ciudad de México, México.
| | | | - José Antonio Jácome
- Centro Médico ABCCiudad de MéxicoMéxicoCentro Médico ABC, Ciudad de México, México.
| | - Elisa Saleme
- Centro Médico ABCCiudad de MéxicoMéxicoCentro Médico ABC, Ciudad de México, México.
| | - Juan O. Talavera
- Centro Médico ABCCiudad de MéxicoMéxicoCentro Médico ABC, Ciudad de México, México.
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17
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Oduro JK, Oduro MA, Ameyaw EK. Social Determinants of Health and Happiness of Older Adults in Ghana: Secondary Analysis of Ghana SAGE Wave 2 Longitudinal Data. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3224059. [PMID: 37609136 PMCID: PMC10441449 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3224059/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Background Social determinants of health [SDOH] and happiness have received meaningful consideration as foundational concepts in the field of public health. However, the relationship between the SDOH and happiness of older adults have not received the requisite recognition in Ghana. This study examined the relationship between the SDOH and happiness of older adults in Ghana. Methods The study used data from the 2014/2015 Ghana Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE) Wave 2. Data was analysed using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique to investigate the direct, indirect and covariances of the SDOH and happiness of older adults. Results The results showed positive relationship between the SDOH and happiness among older adults. The economic stability (β = 0.07), neighbourhood and built environment (β = 0.02, P < 0.001), access to quality education (β = 0.56, P < 0.01), access to healthy food (β = 0.48, P < 0.001) social and community context (β = 0.41, P < 0.05), and access to quality healthcare (β = 0.80, P < 0.001) had direct relationship with happiness of the older adults in Ghana. Conclusion This study shows that the conditions in which older adults were born, live, learn, work, play, worship, and age (SDOH) positively impact their happiness in later life. Neighbourhood and physical environment influence the effect of quality education on happiness of older adults. Social policies and interventions aiming at happiness of older adults should consider the social determinants of health and the mediating effects of food on happiness through quality education, and quality of healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Edward Kwabena Ameyaw
- Institute of Policy Studies and School of Graduate Studies, Lingnan University, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong
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18
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Valverde-Salazar V, Ruiz-Gabarre D, García-Escudero V. Alzheimer's Disease and Green Tea: Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate as a Modulator of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1460. [PMID: 37507998 PMCID: PMC10376369 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, characterised by a marked decline of both memory and cognition, along with pathophysiological hallmarks including amyloid beta peptide (Aβ) accumulation, tau protein hyperphosphorylation, neuronal loss and inflammation in the brain. Additionally, oxidative stress caused by an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants is considered one of the main risk factors for AD, since it can result in protein, lipid and nucleic acid damage and exacerbate Aβ and tau pathology. To date, there is a lack of successful pharmacological approaches to cure or even ameliorate the terrible impact of this disease. Due to this, dietary compounds with antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties acquire special relevance as potential therapeutic agents. In this context, green tea, and its main bioactive compound, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), have been targeted as a plausible option for the modulation of AD. Specifically, EGCG acts as an antioxidant by regulating inflammatory processes involved in neurodegeneration such as ferroptosis and microglia-induced cytotoxicity and by inducing signalling pathways related to neuronal survival. Furthermore, it reduces tau hyperphosphorylation and aggregation and promotes the non-amyloidogenic route of APP processing, thus preventing the formation of Aβ and its subsequent accumulation. Taken together, these results suggest that EGCG may be a suitable candidate in the search for potential therapeutic compounds for neurodegenerative disorders involving inflammation and oxidative stress, including Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Valverde-Salazar
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Ruiz-Gabarre
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Vega García-Escudero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Molecular Biology-IUBM, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Baillargeon D, Greenblatt M, Côté M, Nadeau M, Couture CY, Hould FS, Bouvet-Bouchard L, Tchernof A, Biertho L. Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Bariatric Surgery Patients. Obes Surg 2023; 33:2132-2138. [PMID: 37202576 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-023-06638-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the rate of histology-proven Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection in patients undergoing bariatric surgery and to identify risk factors for HP infection. METHODS In a retrospective analysis, patients who underwent bariatric surgery with gastric resection in a single hospital between January 2004 and January 2019 were analyzed. For each patient, a surgical specimen was submitted for anatomopathological examination and analyzed for gastritis or other anomalies. When gastritis was present, HP infection was confirmed by the identification of curvilinear bacilli in conventional histology or by specific immunohistochemical detection of HP antigen. RESULTS A total of 6388 specimens were available for review (4365 women, 2023 men) with a mean age of 44.9 ± 11.2 years and a mean body mass index (BMI) of 49.3 ± 8.2 kg/m2. Histology-proven HP infection rate was 6.3% (n = 405). There was no significant difference in sex, BMI, and body weight between HP + and HP - patients. Logistic regressions identified age as a risk factor for HP infection in this population (OR 1.02, p < 0.0001, CI 95% 1.01-1.03 for every 1-year increase, OR 1.26, p < 0.0001, CI 95% 1.14-1.40 for every 10-year increase). CONCLUSIONS The rate of histology-proven HP infection is low in patients with severe obesity who present for bariatric surgery and is associated with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Baillargeon
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie Et de Pneumologie de Québec - Université Laval, 2725 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, Québec, G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Matthew Greenblatt
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie Et de Pneumologie de Québec - Université Laval, 2725 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, Québec, G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Marianne Côté
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie Et de Pneumologie de Québec - Université Laval, 2725 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, Québec, G1V 4G5, Canada
- École de Nutrition, Faculté Des Sciences de L'agriculture Et de L'alimentation, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Mélanie Nadeau
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie Et de Pneumologie de Québec - Université Laval, 2725 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, Québec, G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Christian-Yves Couture
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie Et de Pneumologie de Québec - Université Laval, 2725 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, Québec, G1V 4G5, Canada
- Département de Biologie Moléculaire, Université Laval, Biochimie Médicale Et Pathologie, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Frédéric-Simon Hould
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie Et de Pneumologie de Québec - Université Laval, 2725 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, Québec, G1V 4G5, Canada
- Département de Chirurgie, Université Laval, Faculté de Médecine, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Léonie Bouvet-Bouchard
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie Et de Pneumologie de Québec - Université Laval, 2725 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, Québec, G1V 4G5, Canada
- Département de Chirurgie, Université Laval, Faculté de Médecine, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - André Tchernof
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie Et de Pneumologie de Québec - Université Laval, 2725 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, Québec, G1V 4G5, Canada
- École de Nutrition, Faculté Des Sciences de L'agriculture Et de L'alimentation, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Laurent Biertho
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie Et de Pneumologie de Québec - Université Laval, 2725 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, Québec, G1V 4G5, Canada.
- Département de Chirurgie, Université Laval, Faculté de Médecine, Québec, Québec, Canada.
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Abstract
Across the UK, people's lives are being cut short because of obesity, and the lives of the most deprived members of our communities are being cut the most. The role of the medical professional in managing overweight and obesity is extensive, but, for many patients, maintaining a healthy weight needs to be supported by creating environments that help people to stay healthy in the first place. The building blocks of health are the environmental, commercial, economic and social factors that largely determine our health and wellbeing and impact our capability, opportunity and motivation to maintain healthy-weight behaviours. Although the role of the healthcare professional generally is to focus on the individual patient, clinicians can still influence these building blocks. Clinicians have the skills to create change, they often hold power in organisations with local to international impact and there are actions, big or small, that every clinician can take to improve obesity prevention. Here, we outline an environmental-behavioural framework for the primary prevention of obesity and consider the role of clinicians in catalysing change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adam Dm Briggs
- The Health Foundation; deputy director of public health, Oxfordshire County Council, Oxford, UK; Warwick Medical School, Warwick, UK
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Sharma S, Matheson A, Lambrick D, Faulkner J, Lounsbury DW, Vaidya A, Page R. Dietary practices, physical activity and social determinants of non-communicable diseases in Nepal: A systemic analysis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281355. [PMID: 36745612 PMCID: PMC9901760 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Unhealthy dietary habits and physical inactivity are major risk factors of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) globally. The objective of this paper was to describe the role of dietary practices and physical activity in the interaction of the social determinants of NCDs in Nepal, a developing economy. The study was a qualitative study design involving two districts in Nepal, whereby data was collected via key informant interviews (n = 63) and focus group discussions (n = 12). Thematic analysis of the qualitative data was performed, and a causal loop diagram was built to illustrate the dynamic interactions of the social determinants of NCDs based on the themes. The study also involved sense-making sessions with policy level and local stakeholders. Four key interacting themes emerged from the study describing current dietary and physical activity practices, influence of junk food, role of health system and socio-economic factors as root causes. While the current dietary and physical activity-related practices within communities were unhealthy, the broader determinants such as socio-economic circumstances and gender further fuelled such practices. The health system has potential to play a more effective role in the prevention of the behavioural and social determinants of NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudesh Sharma
- DIYASU Community Development Centre, Biratnagar, Morang, Nepal,Massey University, Wellington, Wellington Region, New Zealand,* E-mail:
| | - Anna Matheson
- Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, Wellington Region, New Zealand
| | | | - James Faulkner
- University of Winchester, Winchester, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - David W. Lounsbury
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | | | - Rachel Page
- Massey University, Wellington, Wellington Region, New Zealand
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22
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Higuera-Gómez A, Ribot-Rodríguez R, Micó V, Cuevas-Sierra A, San Cristóbal R, Martínez JA. Lifestyle and Health-Related Quality of Life Relationships Concerning Metabolic Disease Phenotypes on the Nutrimdea Online Cohort. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:767. [PMID: 36613089 PMCID: PMC9819172 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular events are non-communicable diseases (NCDs) directly related to lifestyle and life quality. Rises on NCDs rates are leading to increases in early deaths concerning metabolic morbidities. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) has been described as a subjective perception about the influence of health and personal features on human well-being. This study aimed to characterize phenotypic and lifestyle roles on the occurrence of metabolic diseases and determine the potential mutual interactions and with HRQoL. Data from an online adult population (NUTRiMDEA study, n = 17,332) were used to estimate an adapted Obesogenic Score (ObS), while logistic regression analyses were fitted in order to examine relevant factors related to the prevalence of different metabolic diseases including HRQoL. Sex and age showed significant differences depending on lifestyle and metabolic health (p < 0.05). Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and physical activity showed a mutual interaction concerning ObS (p < 0.001), as well with metabolic health (p = 0.044). Furthermore, metabolic diseases showed own features related to sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics in this population. Metabolic syndrome components may be differently influenced by diverse lifestyle or socioeconomic factors which in turn affect the perceived HRQoL. These outcomes should be taken into account individually for a precision medicine and public health purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Higuera-Gómez
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, IMDEA-Food Institute (Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies), Campus of International Excellence (CEI) UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Ribot-Rodríguez
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, IMDEA-Food Institute (Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies), Campus of International Excellence (CEI) UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Victor Micó
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, IMDEA-Food Institute (Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies), Campus of International Excellence (CEI) UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Amanda Cuevas-Sierra
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, IMDEA-Food Institute (Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies), Campus of International Excellence (CEI) UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo San Cristóbal
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, IMDEA-Food Institute (Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies), Campus of International Excellence (CEI) UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels de L’Université Laval (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Jose Alfredo Martínez
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, IMDEA-Food Institute (Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies), Campus of International Excellence (CEI) UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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23
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Ghosh S, Ahmad HA, Akil L, Tchounwou PB. COVID-19 Progression: A County-Level Analysis of Vaccination and Case Fatality in Mississippi, USA. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16552. [PMID: 36554432 PMCID: PMC9779808 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has created a severe upheaval in the U.S., with a particular burden on the state of Mississippi, which already has an exhausted healthcare burden. The main objectives of this study are: (1) to analyze the county-level COVID-19 cases, deaths, and vaccine distribution and (2) to determine the correlation between various social determinants of health (SDOH) and COVID-19 vaccination coverage. We analyzed COVID-19-associated data and county-level SDOH factors in 82 counties of Mississippi. The cumulative COVID-19 and socio-demographic data variables were grouped into feature and target variables. The statistical and exploratory data analysis (EDA) was conducted using Python 3.8.5. The correlation between the target and feature variables was performed by Pearson Correlation analysis. The heat Map Correlation Matrix was visually presented to illustrate the correlation between each pair of features and each target variable. Results indicated that people of Asian descent had the highest vaccination coverage of 77% fully vaccinated compared to 52%, 46%, 42% and 25% for African Americans, Whites, Hispanics, and American Indians/Alaska Natives, respectively. The county-level vaccination rate was significantly higher among the minority populations than the White population. It was observed that COVID-19 cases and deaths were positively correlated with per capita income and negatively correlated with the percentage of persons without a high school diploma (age 25+). This study strongly demonstrates that different SDOH factors influence the outcome of the COVID-19 vaccination rate, which also affects the total number of COVID-19 cases and deaths. Vaccine promotion should be given to all populations regardless of race and ethnicity to achieve uniform acceptance. Therefore, statewide policy recommendations focusing on specific community needs should help achieve health equity in COVID-19 vaccination management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinjita Ghosh
- Department of Biology, NIH-RCMI Center for Health Disparities Research, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA
| | - Hafiz A. Ahmad
- Department of Biology, NIH-RCMI Center for Health Disparities Research, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA
| | - Luma Akil
- Department of Behavioral and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA
| | - Paul B. Tchounwou
- Department of Biology, NIH-RCMI Center for Health Disparities Research, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA
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24
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Salehnia N, Assari Arani A, Olyaeemanesh A, Sadeghi Saghdel H. Analysis of Casual Relationships between Social Determinants of Health in Iran: Using Fuzzy Cognitive Map. J Res Health Sci 2022; 22:e00566. [PMID: 37571937 PMCID: PMC10422161 DOI: 10.34172/jrhs.2022.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health is a fundamental issue in recent years, highlighting the importance of harmonizing the policies of any sector with health strategies. The present study aims to identify the socio-economic factors affecting health and to provide a cognitive map of the social determinants of health in Iran. STUDY DESIGN A retrospective cohort study. METHODS This study follows a developmental process with an exploratory sequential mixed methods approach. First, a meta-synthesis qualitative method determines the most critical health determinants by reviewing 54 studies from 2000 to 2019. Then, the fuzzy cognitive map (FCM) is drawn based on interviews with six experts to derive the causal relationships among the social determinants of population health in Iran. RESULTS Stage 1 introduces 170 factors as the health determinants, classified into four levels: individual, local, national, and global levels, with 7, 4, 13, and 3 branches, respectively. According to the causal relationships and the out-degree (od) index, the most effective factors are the economic system (18.24), governance and policy-making (17.13), and national policies (16.93). According to the degree of centrality, these factors are the economic system (33.27), health system (30.37), and governance and policy-making (30.15). CONCLUSION Considering health as a complex and comprehensive system, the resulting FCM displays that the policies developed in other sectors than health are profoundly affecting population's health in Iran. Specifically, the comparative analysis of this research shows that policies regarding the economic system and people's livelihood are more effective than the policies regarding the health system itself on the population's health in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafiseh Salehnia
- Department of Economic Development and Planning, Faculty of Management and Economics, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Assari Arani
- Department of Economic Development and Planning, Faculty of Management and Economics, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Olyaeemanesh
- Health Equity Research Center (HERC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Health Economics, National Institute of Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Sadeghi Saghdel
- Department of Economic Development and Planning, Faculty of Management and Economics, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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25
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Reviving health promotion in South Australia: The role of ideas, actors and institutional forces. Health Promot Int 2022; 37:6823568. [DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daac154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Globally health promotion has remained marginalized while biomedical health systems have maintained and even increased their dominance. During 2019–2021 we drew on the local and historical knowledge of actors from multiple sectors through semi-structured interviews and focus groups, to assess the implications of the withdrawal of the state from health promotion in a suburban region of South Australia. Institutional theory enabled in-depth analysis of the ideas, actors, and institutional forces at play in the institutional field, and how these elements come together to maintain the dominance of medicine. We found that the ideas, actors and institutional forces supporting health promotion in the study region have weakened and fragmented. This has happened as biomedicine has increased its dominance in the region’s health system, mirroring international trends. The results point to a withdrawal of state and federal governments from health promotion, which has led to severe gaps in leadership and governance, and locally, to a decline in capacity and resources. The state health department reallocated resources to focus on individual behavioural change rather than more structural factors affecting health. While some activities aimed at the social determinants of health or community development strategies remained, these had minimal institutional support. The establishment of a state government wellbeing agency in 2020 prompted an exploration to determine whether the agency and the international wellbeing movement presents an opportunity for a revival of more comprehensive health promotion.
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26
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Makarem N, Chau K, Miller EC, Gyamfi-Bannerman C, Tous I, Booker W, Catov JM, Haas DM, Grobman WA, Levine LD, McNeil R, Bairey Merz CN, Reddy U, Wapner RJ, Wong MS, Bello NA. Association of a Mediterranean Diet Pattern With Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Among US Women. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2248165. [PMID: 36547978 PMCID: PMC9857221 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.48165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Importance The Mediterranean diet pattern is inversely associated with the leading causes of morbidity and mortality, including metabolic diseases and cardiovascular disease, but there are limited data on its association with adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) among US women. Objective To evaluate whether concordance to a Mediterranean diet pattern around the time of conception is associated with lower risk of developing any APO and individual APOs. Design, Setting, and Participants This prospective, multicenter, cohort study, the Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study: Monitoring Mothers-to-Be, enrolled 10 038 women between October 1, 2010, and September 30, 2013, with a final analytic sample of 7798 racially, ethnically, and geographically diverse women with singleton pregnancies who had complete diet data. Data analyses were completed between June 3, 2021, and April 7, 2022. Exposures An Alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMed) score (range, 0-9; low, 0-3; moderate, 4-5; and high, 6-9) was computed from data on habitual diet in the 3 months around conception, assessed using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Main Outcomes and Measures Adverse pregnancy outcomes were prospectively ascertained and defined as developing 1 or more of the following: preeclampsia or eclampsia, gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, preterm birth, delivery of a small-for-gestational-age infant, or stillbirth. Results Of 7798 participants (mean [SD] age, 27.4 [5.5] years), 754 (9.7%) were aged 35 years or older, 816 (10.5%) were non-Hispanic Black, 1294 (16.6%) were Hispanic, and 1522 (19.5%) had obesity at baseline. The mean (SD) aMed score was 4.3 (2.1), and the prevalence of high, moderate, and low concordance to a Mediterranean diet pattern around the time of conception was 30.6% (n=2388), 31.2% (n=2430), and 38.2% (n=2980), respectively. In multivariable models, a high vs low aMed score was associated with 21% lower odds of any APO (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.79 [95% CI, 0.68-0.92]), 28% lower odds of preeclampsia or eclampsia (aOR, 0.72 [95% CI, 0.55-0.93]), and 37% lower odds of gestational diabetes (aOR, 0.63 [95% CI, 0.44-0.90]). There were no differences by race, ethnicity, and prepregnancy body mass index, but associations were stronger among women aged 35 years or older (aOR, 0.54 [95% CI, 0.34-0.84]; P = .02 for interaction). When aMed score quintiles were evaluated, similar associations were observed, with higher scores being inversely associated with the incidence of any APO. Conclusions and Relevance This cohort study suggests that greater adherence to a Mediterranean diet pattern is associated with lower risk of APOs, with evidence of a dose-response association. Intervention studies are needed to assess whether dietary modification around the time of conception can reduce risk of APOs and their downstream associations with future development of cardiovascular disease risk factors and overt disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour Makarem
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Kristi Chau
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Eliza C. Miller
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Cynthia Gyamfi-Bannerman
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, San Diego
| | - Isabella Tous
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Whitney Booker
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Janet M. Catov
- Magee Women’s Research Institute, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - David M. Haas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
| | | | - Lisa D. Levine
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Rebecca McNeil
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | | | - Uma Reddy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Ronald J. Wapner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Melissa S. Wong
- Department of Obstetrics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Natalie A. Bello
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
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27
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Paiva SG, Rivara AC, de Castro Nóbrega M, de Cesare Parmesan Toledo R, de Nazaré Klautau‐Guimarães M, Madrigal L, de Oliveira SF. Cardiovascular risk factors across different levels of urbanization in Brazilian Afro‐derived communities (
quilombos
). Am J Hum Biol 2022; 35:e23839. [PMID: 36426735 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The frequency of cardiovascular diseases has increased throughout the world. People of African descent have been disproportionately affected, particularly if they reside in urban settings. In this work, we evaluate risk factors associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and other chronic diseases in rural and urban Afro-derived communities (quilombo) in Central Brazil. We also determine if there are associations between the frequency of CVD risk factors, sex, and proximity to urban environments. METHODS Through a cross-sectional study of participants (n = 347) within three Brazilian Afro-derived communities: Kalunga (a semi-isolated rural community; n = 214), Cocalinho (a non-isolated rural village; n = 70), and Pé do Morro (an urban community; n = 63), we collected data regarding chronic disease (i.e., CVD, diabetes, and hypertension) risk through questionnaires, anthropometrics, blood pressure, and blood samples using standard protocols. Differences between variables were tested by the Chi-square test of Pearson and Fisher's Exact Test, independent sample t-tests, analysis of variances, and Kruskal-Wallis tests (p ≤ .05). RESULTS The prevalence of hypertension, overweight, obesity, and other cardiovascular risk factors were higher in the non-isolated rural and urban communities than in the semi-isolated rural community. We found significant sex differences in the distribution of the CVD risk factors, with all occurring at a higher frequency among females. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that Brazilian Afro-derived communities are currently going through an epidemiological transition. The urban lifestyle and its environmental factors are likely contributing to an escalation in cardio-metabolic disease risk. However, the magnitude of this transition differentially impacts the sexes, as females suffer a higher frequency of risk factors compared to males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Guimarães Paiva
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade de Brasília Brasília Distrito Federal Brazil
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Tocantins Araguaína Tocantins Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação (Mestrado) em Demandas Populares e Dinâmicas Regionais (PPGDire) Universidade Federal do Norte do Tocantins Araguaína Tocantins Brazil
| | - Anna C. Rivara
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health Yale University New Haven Connecticut USA
| | - Matheus de Castro Nóbrega
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade de Brasília Brasília Distrito Federal Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | | | | | - Lorena Madrigal
- Department of Anthropology University of South Florida Tampa Florida USA
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28
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Okhrimenko IМ, Volynets NV, Penkova NE, Dekhtiarenko IS, Hresa NV, Onishchuk LM, Okhrimenko SS. Changes in Physical and Mental Health Indicators of Law Enforcement Officers in the Process of their Professional Activities. ACTA BALNEOLOGICA 2022. [DOI: 10.36740/abal202205118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Aim: To study the level and dynamics of physical and mental health indicators of officers-in-charge of police organizations in the process of their professional activities.
Materials and Methods: The research which was conducted in the period from 2019 to 2021 and involved 155 law enforcement officers (men) of different age groups, who held superior positions in various police departments. The physical health of law enforcement officers was assessed according to the method of H.L. Apanasenko, mental – using a mix of psychodiagnostic methods.
Results: It was found that the level of physical health of the officers-in-charge of police organisations is significantly deteriorating with increase in their age and professional experience. The level of health of the majority of superior law enforcement officers is below average and low. The negative dynamics of health indicators of law enforcement officers was revealed during the research period. It was found that the law enforcement officers with a high level of physical fitness have significantly better indicators of mental health than the ones with a low level of physical fitness.
Conclusions: One of the main reasons for the low level of physical and mental health of superior police officers is the lack of effectiveness of physical training sessions and, as a result, their low level of physical fitness. All this requires the improvement of physical training with this category of law enforcement officers in order to strengthen their physical and mental health and improve the indicators of their professional activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nataliya V. Volynets
- Bohdan Khmelnytskyi National Academy of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine, Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine
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29
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Han S, Mo G, Gao T, Sun Q, Liu H, Zhang M. Age, sex, residence, and region-specific differences in prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity among older Chinese: evidence from Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1116. [PMID: 35658851 PMCID: PMC9166487 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13506-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multimorbidity among older adults, which is associated with added functional decline and higher health care utilization and mortality, has become increasingly common with the dramatic acceleration of ageing in China. The purpose of this study was to reveal age, sex, residence, and region- specific prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity among older adults in China. METHODS This study is based on the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Health Longevity Survey (CLHLS), the most recent edition of this national survey, and involved analysis of 15,275 participants aged 65 years and older. Multimorbidity was defined as an individual who has two or more chronic diseases or conditions and was divided into two types for analysis: ≥2 (MM2+) and ≥ 3 (MM3+). Fourteen chronic diseases or conditions surveyed were used to assess patterns of multimorbidity through association rule mining. RESULTS Among the 15,275 participants, the largest proportion (39.9%) was 90 years old and over, while the distribution of sex and residence is roughly the same. Overall, the prevalence of multimorbidity was 44.1% for MM2+ and 22.9% for MM3+. The most frequently occurring patterns were two or three combinations between hypertension, cardiovascular diseases and affective disorders. Cardiovascular diseases combined with diabetes or dyslipidemia showed the most predominant association in different age groups. Moreover, the prevalence of the hypertension +diabetes pattern decreased with age. The strongest associations were found for the clustering of hypertension + cardiovascular diseases + respiratory diseases in males, however, among females it was the cardiovascular diseases + diabetes cluster. Cardiovascular diseases + rheumatoid arthritis + visual impairment was observed in urban areas and hypertension + cardiovascular diseases + affective disorders in rural areas. The most distinctive association rule in Northern China was {cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, visual impairment} = > {diabetes}. Respiratory disease was more prevalent in combination with other systemic disorders in Western China, and affective disorders in Southern China. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of multimorbidity among older Chinese was substantial, and patterns of multimorbidity varied by age, sex, residence, and region. Future efforts are needed to identify possible prevention strategies and guidelines that consider differences in demographic characteristics of multimorbid patients to promote health in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyue Han
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233030, Anhui, China
| | - Guangju Mo
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233030, Anhui, China
| | - Tianjing Gao
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233030, Anhui, China
| | - Qing Sun
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233030, Anhui, China
| | - Huaqing Liu
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233030, Anhui, China.
| | - Min Zhang
- School of Health Management, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233030, Anhui, China.
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30
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Grootjans SJM, Stijnen MMN, Kroese MEAL, Ruwaard D, Jansen MWJ. Collaborative governance at the start of an integrated community approach: a case study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1013. [PMID: 35590241 PMCID: PMC9118649 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13354-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We studied collaborative governance at the start of an integrated community approach aiming to improve population health, quality of care, controlling health care costs and improving professional work satisfaction. Our objective was to investigate which characteristics of collaborative governance facilitate or hamper collaboration in the starting phase. This question is of growing importance for policymakers and health initiatives, since on a global scale there is a shift towards 'population health management' where collaboration between stakeholders is a necessity. In addition, it is crucial to investigate collaborative governance from the beginning, since it offers opportunities for sustainability of collaboration later on in the process. METHODS We performed a qualitative case study in four deprived neighbourhoods in the city of Maastricht, the Netherlands. An integrated community approach was implemented, involving various stakeholders from the public and private health sectors and provincial and local authorities. Data was collected from December 2016 to December 2018, with a triangulation of methods (50 observations, 24 interviews and 50 document reviews). The Integrative Framework for Collaborative Governance guided data collection and analysis. RESULTS We focused on the dynamics within the collaborative governance regime, consisting of principled engagement, shared motivation and capacity for joint action. We found that shared goalsetting, transparency, being physically present, informal meetings, trust and leadership are key aspects at the start of collaborative governance. An extensive accountability structure can both hamper (time-consuming which hinders innovation) and facilitate (keep everybody on board) collaboration. The characteristics we found are of significance for policy, practice and research. Policymakers and practitioners can use our lessons learned for implementing similar (population health) initiatives. This case study contributes to the already existing literature on collaborative governance adding to the knowledge gap on the governance of population health approaches. TRIAL REGISTRATION NTR6543 , registration date; 25 July 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanneke J M Grootjans
- Department of Health Services Research, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Duboisdomein 30, 6229 GT, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - M M N Stijnen
- Department of Health Services Research, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Duboisdomein 30, 6229 GT, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Living Lab Public Health Limburg, Public Health Service South Limburg (GGD Zuid Limburg), Het Overloon 2, 6411 TE, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - M E A L Kroese
- Department of Health Services Research, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Duboisdomein 30, 6229 GT, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - D Ruwaard
- Department of Health Services Research, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Duboisdomein 30, 6229 GT, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - M W J Jansen
- Department of Health Services Research, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Duboisdomein 30, 6229 GT, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Living Lab Public Health Limburg, Public Health Service South Limburg (GGD Zuid Limburg), Het Overloon 2, 6411 TE, Heerlen, The Netherlands
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Selvaraj P, Krishnamoorthy A, Vivekanandhan S, Manoharan H. COVID-19: A crisis or fortune? Examining the relationship between nature relatedness and mental wellbeing during the pandemic. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09327. [PMID: 35497037 PMCID: PMC9035615 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Prasath Selvaraj
- Department of Social Work, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
- Corresponding author.
| | | | - Shankavi Vivekanandhan
- Department of Psychiatric Social Work, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Haritha Manoharan
- School of Research Methodology, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai, India
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Cao F, Xi Y, Zheng C, Bai T, Sun Q. How Efficient are Basic Public Health Services Between Urban and Rural in Shandong Province, China? A Data Envelopment Analysis and Panel Tobit Regression Approach. Healthc Policy 2022; 15:727-738. [PMID: 35469180 PMCID: PMC9034868 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s354758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Improving basic public health services efficiency becomes priority to guarantee its sustainability for Chinese government. This study aimed to explore basic public health services efficiency and its influencing factors between urban and rural in Shandong Province, China, providing policy implications to improve efficiency. Methods This research assessed basic public health services efficiency of 54 districts (representing urban) and 83 counties (representing rural) in Shandong, China, from 2014 to 2019. The data were obtained from Medical Management Service Center of Shandong Health Commission and Statistical Yearbooks. Input variables were subsidy funds, public health staffs and material expenditures. Output variables were assessment indicators covered all service contents from national standard. The data envelopment analysis and panel tobit regression were used to measure efficiency scores and efficiency influencing factors. Results Basic public health services efficiency scores of urban were higher than those of rural during 2014 to 2019. Scale efficiency change and technological change promoted basic public health services total factor productivity change of urban and rural respectively. Panel tobit regression indicated that proportion of health expenditures in general public budget expenditures (P<0.01), subsidy funds (P<0.01), public health personnel expenditures (P<0.01) and the frequency of professional health institutions’ guidance (P<0.01) were positively associated with efficiency in both urban and rural. The number of primary medical and health institutions and public health personnel were positively associated with urban (P<0.01), but those did not affect rural (P>0.10). Conclusion To improve basic public health services efficiency, urban should focus on health resource structure, especially increasing primary medical and health institutions and public health personnel. Rural should expand the input scale, paying more attention to subsidy funds and public health personnel expenditures. The government should also care strengthening the guidance to primary medical and health institutions from professional health institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fankun Cao
- Center for Health Management and Policy Research of Public Health School, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Xi
- Health Commission of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Zheng
- Center for Health Management and Policy Research of Public Health School, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tongyu Bai
- Primary Health Department, Health Commission of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Center for Health Management and Policy Research of Public Health School, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Qiang Sun, Email
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Bae S, Graham JE, Nam S, Hong I. Association between divorce and access to healthcare services among married immigrants: propensity score approaches. Arch Public Health 2022; 80:81. [PMID: 35287736 PMCID: PMC8919589 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-022-00840-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background While divorce is a social determinant of health among married immigrants in Korea, its association with access to healthcare services is unclear. Given the rapid increase in the number of married immigrants in Korea, research is needed to improve minority groups’ access to healthcare services. Here, we examined healthcare service utilization among married immigrants. Methods We retrieved 11,778 adults from the 2018 Korea National Multicultural Family Survey. We analyzed whether the sex of divorced immigrants is associated with healthcare access using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Further, we analyzed the association between divorce and access to healthcare services among married immigrants using propensity score matching methods. Results There were 691 (5.8%) divorced immigrants in the data set. The married male immigrants had no association between divorce status and healthcare access (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.55–2.03, p = 0.8620). Divorced immigrants were less likely to receive healthcare services than married immigrants (adjusted OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.07–1.88). Conclusion Our findings revealed that divorce increases the risk of limited access to healthcare services among married immigrants. Policymakers and healthcare providers should be aware of these potential disparities in this vulnerable minority population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyeong Bae
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - James E Graham
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Sanghun Nam
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ickpyo Hong
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Software and Digital Healthcare Convergence, Yonsei University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
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Harshman SG, Castro I, Perkins M, Luo M, Mueller KB, Cena H, Portale S, Raspini B, Taveras E, Fiechtner L. Pediatric weight management interventions improve prevalence of overeating behaviors. Int J Obes (Lond) 2022; 46:630-636. [PMID: 34862470 PMCID: PMC8883500 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00989-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine changes in prevalence of overeating behaviors in a comparative effectiveness study of two pediatric weight management interventions. METHODS Four-hundred and seven children, ages 6-12 years, with a BMI ≥ 85th percentile were enrolled in a comparative effectiveness trial of two pediatric weight management interventions. Prevalence of "sneaking, hiding or hoarding food", and 'eating in the absence of hunger' was evaluated at baseline and 12 months. Statistical methods included McNemar's test and longitudinal logistic regression. RESULTS Prevalence of "sneak, hide, or hoard food" significantly decreased in all participants from 29.1% to 20.7% at 12 months. The prevalence of "eating in the absence of hunger" decreased in all participants from 46.7% to 22.4% at 12 months. Use of SNAP benefits, free/reduced meals at school, parental stress, housing, and food insecurity at baseline were associated with an increased likelihood of endorsing overeating behaviors at 12 months. Conversely, those who engaged in at least one session of the pediatric weight management intervention were significantly less likely to endorse "eating in the absence of hunger" at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS Participation in pediatric weight management interventions improves the prevalence of overeating behaviors and is associated with participant engagement and social determinants of health, specifically food security status. Efforts to engage populations impacted by food insecurity and other social determinants of health risk factors will be critical for success of weight management interventions. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier: NCT03012126).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie G. Harshman
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, Massachusetts;,Eating Disorders Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ines Castro
- Division of General Academic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, 125 Nashua Street, Suite 860, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Meghan Perkins
- Division of General Academic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, 125 Nashua Street, Suite 860, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Man Luo
- Division of General Academic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, 125 Nashua Street, Suite 860, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Katelee B. Mueller
- Division of General Academic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, 125 Nashua Street, Suite 860, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hellas Cena
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Service, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, ICS Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Sandra Portale
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Benedetta Raspini
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elsie Taveras
- Division of General Academic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, 125 Nashua Street, Suite 860, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lauren Fiechtner
- Division of General Academic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, 125 Nashua Street, Suite 860, Boston, Massachusetts;,Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, 175 Cambridge St, Boston, Massachusetts,,Greater Boston Food Bank, 70 S. Bay Avenue, Boston, MA 02118
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The influence of social and economic environment on health. One Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822794-7.00005-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Higuera-Gomez A, Ribot-Rodriguez R, San-Cristobal R, Martín-Hernández R, Mico V, Espinosa-Salinas I, Ramirez de Molina A, Martinez JA. HRQoL and nutritional well-being dissimilarities between two different online collection methods: Value for digital health implementation. Digit Health 2022; 8:20552076221138316. [DOI: 10.1177/20552076221138316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Online health data collection has gained a reputation over the last years to record and process information about health issues for implementing digital health. Objective The research aim was to appraise two online methods (open and rewarded) to collect information about HRQoL and nutritional well-being and to compare the results between both surveyed populations. Methods This cross-sectional study is framed on the NUTRiMDEA project. Online data through two different web-based methods (open survey and rewarded survey) were retrieved to assemble data related to sociodemographic, lifestyle (diet, physical activity and sleep patterns) and general health aspects, as well as HRQoL by an evidence-based form such as the SF-12 questionnaire, the IPAQ survey, and MEDAS-14, participants were adults (>18 years old). Results Overall, 17,332 participants responded to the open survey (OS, n = 11,883) or the rewarded survey (RS, n = 5449). About 65.1% of the participants were female, while the mean age was in the range of 40–70 years. There were significant differences ( p < 0.05) between surveyed populations in sociodemographic, lifestyle (diet and physical activity), health and HRQoL data. Conclusions This investigation implemented an evidence-based online questionnaire that collected demographic, lifestyle factors, phenotypic and health-related aspects as well as compared differential outcomes in HRQoL and nutritional/lifestyle well-being depending on the online mode data collection. Findings demonstrated dissimilarities in most aspects of health, HRQoL, dietary intake and physical activity records between both populations. Overall, OS sample was characterized as a healthier population with superior lifestyle habits than RS participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Higuera-Gomez
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health Program, Research Institute on Food and Health Sciences IMDEA Food, UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Ribot-Rodriguez
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health Program, Research Institute on Food and Health Sciences IMDEA Food, UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo San-Cristobal
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health Program, Research Institute on Food and Health Sciences IMDEA Food, UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Martín-Hernández
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA) Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Victor Mico
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health Program, Research Institute on Food and Health Sciences IMDEA Food, UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Espinosa-Salinas
- Nutritional Genomics and Health Unit, Research Institute on Food and Health Sciences IMDEA Food, UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Ramirez de Molina
- Molecular Oncology Group, Research Institute on Food and Health Sciences IMDEA Food, UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Alfredo Martinez
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health Program, Research Institute on Food and Health Sciences IMDEA Food, UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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DALLA NORA Â, KNORST JK, COMIM LD, RACKI DNDO, ALVES LS, ZENKNER JEDA. Self-perceived neighborhood factors and OHRQoL among adolescents: a population-based study in southern Brazil. Braz Oral Res 2022; 36:e003. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2022.vol36.0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Zhang X, Lu J, Wu C, Cui J, Wu Y, Hu A, Li J, Li X. Healthy lifestyle behaviours and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among 0.9 million Chinese adults. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2021; 18:162. [PMID: 34922591 PMCID: PMC8684211 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-021-01234-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Healthy lifestyle behaviours are effective means to reduce the burden of diseases. This study was aimed to fill the knowledge gaps on the distribution, associated factors, and potential health benefits on mortality of four healthy lifestyle behaviours in China. Methods During 2015–2019, participants aged 35–75 years from 31 provinces were recruited by the China PEACE Million Persons Project. Four healthy lifestyle behaviours were investigated in our study, including non-smoking, none or moderate alcohol use, sufficient leisure time physical activity (LTPA), and healthy diet. Results Among 903,499 participants, 74.1% were non-smokers, 96.0% had none or moderate alcohol use, 23.6% had sufficient LTPA, 11.1% had healthy diet, and only 2.8% had all the four healthy lifestyle behaviours. The adherence varied across seven regions; the highest median of county-level adherence to all the four healthy lifestyle behaviours was in North China (3.3%) while the lowest in the Southwest (0.8%) (p < 0.05). Participants who were female, elder, non-farmers, urban residents, with higher income or education, hypertensive or diabetic, or with a cardiovascular disease (CVD) history were more likely to adhere to all the four healthy lifestyle behaviours (p < 0.001). County-level per capital Gross Domestic Product (GDP) was positively associated with sufficient LTPA (p < 0.05 for both rural and urban areas) and healthy diet (p < 0.01 for urban areas), while negatively associated with none or moderate alcohol use (p < 0.01 for rural areas). Average annual temperature was negatively associated with none or moderate alcohol use (p < 0.05 for rural areas) and healthy diet (p < 0.001 for rural areas). Those adhering to all the four healthy lifestyle behaviours had lower risks of all-cause mortality (HR 0.64 [95% CI: 0.52, 0.79]) and cardiovascular mortality (HR 0.53 [0.37, 0.76]) after a median follow-up of 2.4 years. Conclusions Adherence to healthy lifestyle behaviours in China was far from ideal. Targeted health promotion strategies were urgently needed. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12966-021-01234-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyi Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiapeng Lu
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoqun Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianlan Cui
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Wu
- Health Management Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Anyi Hu
- Health Management Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xi Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China.
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Couture-Wilhelmy L, Chaubet P, Gadais T. Winning Conditions for the Adoption and Maintenance of Long-Term Healthy Lifestyles According to Physical Activity Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111057. [PMID: 34769580 PMCID: PMC8583117 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The literature has not yet well documented the relative elements of the adoption of healthy lifestyle habits (HLHs) over the long term. More especially, researchers are calling to complete the corpus with qualitative or mixed estimates that would allow them to better explain the conditions necessary for the adoption or maintenance of HLHs over the long term. The present study seeks to understand the winning conditions for the adoption and maintenance of HLHs. Semi-structured group interviews were conducted with three groups of university students (two in Bachelor’s degree in physical education (PE) and one in Master’s degree in physical activity science), all in favor with HLHs. The results identify some dominant winning conditions in the adoption and maintenance of HLHs, such as the role of the family environment, the role of diversity and choice in physical activities during youth, the physical and social environment, autonomy and also mental health, which is closely linked with physical health. Results were modelled in the form of an ideal pathway, which traces the impact of winning conditions from childhood to adulthood. The originality of this study stands out, among other things, because of its innovative methodology; therefore, this study opens the door to future qualitative research in the field. Investigating pathways, considering the different phases of development of children and adolescents to identify factors of change and maintenance of HLHs now seems to be an interesting and necessary avenue for research in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Couture-Wilhelmy
- Département des Sciences de l’activité Physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 1Y4, Canada; (L.C.-W.); (P.C.)
- Chaire UNESCO en Développement Curriculaire, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 1Y4, Canada
- Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire sur la Formation et la Profession Enseignante (CRIFPE), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 1Y4, Canada
| | - Philippe Chaubet
- Département des Sciences de l’activité Physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 1Y4, Canada; (L.C.-W.); (P.C.)
- Chaire UNESCO en Développement Curriculaire, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 1Y4, Canada
- Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire sur la Formation et la Profession Enseignante (CRIFPE), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 1Y4, Canada
| | - Tegwen Gadais
- Département des Sciences de l’activité Physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 1Y4, Canada; (L.C.-W.); (P.C.)
- Chaire UNESCO en Développement Curriculaire, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 1Y4, Canada
- Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire sur la Formation et la Profession Enseignante (CRIFPE), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 1Y4, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-514-987-3000 (ext. 3704)
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Wang Y, Zhao A, Zhang X, Huang D, Zhu H, Sun Q, Yu J, Chen J, Zhao X, Li R, Han S, Dong W, Ma F, Chen X, Liu H. Prevalence of strabismus among preschool children in eastern China and comparison at a 5-year interval: a population-based cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e055112. [PMID: 34667017 PMCID: PMC8527110 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To update data on strabismus and evaluate the changes in prevalence and patterns among preschoolers in eastern China over a period of 5 years. DESIGN Nanjing Eye Study, a longitudinal population-based study. SETTING Recruitment and testing in kindergartens in Yuhuatai District, Nanjing. PARTICIPANTS 2300 eligible children. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Comprehensive ocular examinations were conducted in 1986 children aged 48-<60 months in Nanjing Eye Study (NES, 2016-2017), including visual acuity, ocular alignment, refractive error and ocular structures evaluation. The prevalence rate and pattern of strabismus were calculated and compared with those from the Nanjing Pediatric Vision Project (NPVP, 2011-2012) in children of the same age, of the same area and using the same diagnostic criteria. RESULTS The overall prevalence rate of strabismus in NES was 5.56% (95% CI 4.54% to 6.57%), which was not significantly different from that in NPVP (4.99%, 95% CI 4.13% to 5.84%, p=0.40). The prevalence of subtypes of strabismus underwent significant changes, with significant increase in intermittent exotropia (IXT) in NES (2.78% vs 4.69%, p=0.001) and significant decrease in constant exotropia (1.17% vs 0.15%, p<0.001). Significant change in pattern was observed in IXT, where the proportion of the convergence insufficiency type (2.90% vs 27.17%) increased and exceeded the divergence excess type (20.29% vs 11.96%) to be the second common type (p<0.001). CONCLUSION The prevalence of strabismus appeared stable in children aged 48-<60 months in eastern China at a 5-year interval. The prevalence of IXT increased significantly, and the convergence insufficiency type became more prevalent in patients with IXT. Timely detection and intervention of IXT are important among preschoolers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Andi Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaohan Zhang
- Ophthalmology, Wuxi Children's Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Dan Huang
- Department of Child Healthcare, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qigang Sun
- Ophthalmology, Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital of Yuhuatai District Nanjing China, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - JiaJia Yu
- Ophthalmology, Wuxi No 2 People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ji Chen
- Ophthalmology, Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital of Yuhuatai District Nanjing China, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhao
- Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Changzhou No 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shu Han
- Ophthalmology, Soochow University Affiliated Children's Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weiyi Dong
- Fourth School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fanfei Ma
- Fourth School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - XueJuan Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hu Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Socioeconomic Determinants of Health and Their Unequal Distribution in Poland. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182010856. [PMID: 34682597 PMCID: PMC8536126 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to identify inequities in the distribution of socioeconomic determinants of health within Poland and their impact on the health status of Poles, as measured by mortality rate. We hypothesised that (1) there are inequities in the socioeconomic characteristics within geographically defined population groups and (2) some socioeconomic determinants of health have a particularly strong impact on the health status of Poles. Poland is administratively divided into three levels: voivodeships, powiats and gminas. We used a dataset covering all 380 powiats in Poland for the year 2018. We employed a two-stage nested Theil index and Herfindahl–Hirschman Index. In order to identify which of these determinants has the strongest impact on health, we conducted a regression analysis. The study revealed some inequities in the distribution of socioeconomic determinants of health. The mortality rate can be partly understood from variations within voivodeships in the distribution of health determinants. Important national inequalities were found in the case of two determinants, which simultaneously proved their significant impact on Poles’ health in the regression analysis. Thus, type of employment and access to modern infrastructure should be of particular concern for public authorities.
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Caminada S, Turatto F, Iorio S, Paglione L, Errigo M, Mazzalai E, Jaljaa A, Giannini D, Tofani M, Michelazzo MB, Landi A, Napoli M, Brandimarte MA, Salvatori LM, Angelozzi A, Baglio G, Di Rosa E, Battisti A, Marceca M. Urban Health and Social Marginality: Perceived Health Status and Interaction with Healthcare Professionals of a Hard-to-Reach Community Living in a Suburban Area of Rome (Italy). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18168804. [PMID: 34444550 PMCID: PMC8394967 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The study reports an urban health investigation conducted in Bastogi, an outskirt of Rome (Italy) characterised by social marginalization and deprivation. Our aim was to analyse the health perception, health-related behaviours, and interaction with healthcare professionals of the inhabitants of Bastogi compared to the population living in the area of the same local health unit (ASL). The Progresses of Health Authorities for Health in Italy questionnaire (PASSI) was administered to a sample of 210 inhabitants of Bastogi. Data were analysed and compared to those of the ASL collected in 2017–2018. The socio-economic indicators showed an overall worse condition for the inhabitants of Bastogi, with a significantly higher proportion of foreign and unemployed residents and a lower educational level compared to the ASL. Significant differences in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases, mental health complaints, and participation in prevention strategies, including cancer screening, were found. The questionnaire showed a lower help-seeking behaviour and a lack of reliance on health professionals in Bastogi inhabitants. Our findings highlight how social determinants produce health inequities and barriers to accessing healthcare. The difficulties of conducting quantitative research in complex and hard-to-reach contexts, characterized by high social vulnerability, are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Caminada
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.T.); (E.M.); (A.J.); (D.G.); (M.T.); (A.A.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Federica Turatto
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.T.); (E.M.); (A.J.); (D.G.); (M.T.); (A.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Silvia Iorio
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Lorenzo Paglione
- Department of Civil, Constructional and Environmental Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, 00184 Rome, Italy;
- Department of Prevention, Local Health Unit Roma 1, 00135 Rome, Italy; (A.L.); (M.N.); (M.A.B.); (E.D.R.)
| | - Miriam Errigo
- Department of Social Sciences and Economics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Elena Mazzalai
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.T.); (E.M.); (A.J.); (D.G.); (M.T.); (A.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Anissa Jaljaa
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.T.); (E.M.); (A.J.); (D.G.); (M.T.); (A.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Dara Giannini
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.T.); (E.M.); (A.J.); (D.G.); (M.T.); (A.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Marco Tofani
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.T.); (E.M.); (A.J.); (D.G.); (M.T.); (A.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Maria Benedetta Michelazzo
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Adelaide Landi
- Department of Prevention, Local Health Unit Roma 1, 00135 Rome, Italy; (A.L.); (M.N.); (M.A.B.); (E.D.R.)
| | - Massimo Napoli
- Department of Prevention, Local Health Unit Roma 1, 00135 Rome, Italy; (A.L.); (M.N.); (M.A.B.); (E.D.R.)
| | | | | | - Aurora Angelozzi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.T.); (E.M.); (A.J.); (D.G.); (M.T.); (A.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Giovanni Baglio
- Research and International Relations Office, Agenzia Nazionale per i Servizi Sanitari Regionali (AGENAS), 00187 Rome, Italy;
| | - Enrico Di Rosa
- Department of Prevention, Local Health Unit Roma 1, 00135 Rome, Italy; (A.L.); (M.N.); (M.A.B.); (E.D.R.)
| | - Alessandra Battisti
- Department of Planning, Design, and Technology of Architecture, Sapienza University of Rome, 00196 Rome, Italy;
| | - Maurizio Marceca
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.T.); (E.M.); (A.J.); (D.G.); (M.T.); (A.A.); (M.M.)
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Gajardo AIJ, Henríquez F, Llancaqueo M. Big data, social determinants of coronary heart disease and barriers for data access. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2021; 28:397-399. [PMID: 32363915 DOI: 10.1177/2047487320922366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abraham I J Gajardo
- Department of Medicine, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Chile
- Laboratory of Oxidative Stress, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Chile
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Carducci AL, Agodi A, Ancona C, Angelini P, Bagordo F, Barbone F, Birbaum L, Carreri V, Casuccio A, Conti A, Conversano M, De Donno A, De Giglio O, Desiante F, Di Pietro A, Dogliotti E, Donato F, Fara GM, Fiore M, Forastiere F, Giammanco G, Izzotti A, Montagna MT, Oliveri Conti G, Petronio MG, Sciacca S, Signorelli C, Testai E, Verani M, Vinceti M, Vitale F, Ferrante M, Adani G, Berghella L, Calia C, Calzolari R, Canale A, Castiglione D, Conti A, Copat C, Cristaldi A, Cuffari G, Coronel Vargas G, De Vita E, De Nard F, Federigi I, Filippini T, Grasso A, Leonardi N, Letzgus M, Lo Bianco G, Mazzucco W, Nicolosi I, Orlandi P, Paladino G, Pizzo S, Pousis C, Raffo M, Rivolta S, Scarpitta F, Trani G, Triggiano F, Tumbarello A, Vecchio V, Zuccarello P, Vassallo M. Impact of the environment on the health: From theory to practice. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 194:110517. [PMID: 33271142 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The Erice 56 Charter titled "Impact of the environment on the health: from theory to practice" was unanimously approved at the end of the 56th course of the "International School of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine G. D'Alessandro" held from 3rd to November 7, 2019 in Erice - Sicily (Italy) and promoted by the Study Group of "Environment and Health" of the Italian Society of Hygiene, Preventive Medicine and Public Health. The course, that included lectures, open discussions and guided working groups, was aimed to provide a general training on epidemiological and toxicological aspects of the environmental health impact, to be used by public health professionals for risk assessment, without forgetting the risk communications. At the end of the course 12 key points were agreed among teachers and students: they underlined the need of specific training and research, in the perspective of "One Health" and "Global Health", also facing emerging scientific and methodological issues and focusing on communication towards stakeholders. This Discussion highlight the need to improve knowledge of Health and Environment topic in all sectors of health and environmental prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Carducci
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - A Agodi
- Department of Medical Science, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Italy
| | - C Ancona
- Department of Epidemiology of the Regional Health Service, Lazio Region, Rome, Italy
| | - P Angelini
- Public Health Service, Emilia-Romagna Region, Italy
| | - F Bagordo
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Italy
| | - F Barbone
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Italy
| | - L Birbaum
- Office of the Director, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - V Carreri
- Past-President of Italian Society of Hygiene (SItI), Italy
| | - A Casuccio
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Italy
| | - A Conti
- Regional Agency for Environmental Protection of Sicily, Italy
| | - M Conversano
- Department of Public Health, ASL, Taranto, Italy
| | - A De Donno
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Italy
| | - O De Giglio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Section of Hygiene, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Italy
| | - F Desiante
- Department of Prevention, Local Health Authority of Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - A Di Pietro
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Italy
| | - E Dogliotti
- Department of Environmental and Health. Istituto Superiore di Sanità. Rome, Italy
| | - F Donato
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, And Public Health, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - G M Fara
- International School of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine «Giuseppe D'Alessandro», Erice, Trapani, Italy
| | - M Fiore
- Department of Medical Science, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Italy
| | - F Forastiere
- Department of Epidemiology of the Regional Health Service, Lazio Region, Rome, Italy
| | - G Giammanco
- International School of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine «Giuseppe D'Alessandro», Erice, Trapani, Italy
| | - A Izzotti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - M T Montagna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Section of Hygiene, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Italy
| | - G Oliveri Conti
- Department of Medical Science, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Italy
| | - M G Petronio
- Health and Environment-Department of Prevention, Local Health Authority-Empoli, Florence, Italy
| | - S Sciacca
- Department of Medical Science, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Italy
| | - C Signorelli
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - E Testai
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Environment & Health Dept., Rome, Italy
| | - M Verani
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - M Vinceti
- Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - F Vitale
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Italy
| | - M Ferrante
- Department of Medical Science, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Italy.
| | - G Adani
- Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - L Berghella
- Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - C Calia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Section of Hygiene, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Italy
| | - R Calzolari
- Regional Agency for Environmental Protection of Sicily, Italy
| | - A Canale
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - D Castiglione
- Department of Medical Science, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Italy
| | - A Conti
- Regional Agency for Environmental Protection of Sicily, Italy
| | - C Copat
- Department of Medical Science, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Italy
| | - A Cristaldi
- Department of Medical Science, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Italy
| | - G Cuffari
- Regional Agency for Environmental Protection of Sicily, Italy
| | - G Coronel Vargas
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - E De Vita
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Italy
| | | | - I Federigi
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - T Filippini
- Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - A Grasso
- Department of Medical Science, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Italy
| | - N Leonardi
- University Center for the Protection and Management of Natural Environments and Agrosystems (CUTGANA), University of Catania, Italy
| | | | | | - W Mazzucco
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Italy
| | - I Nicolosi
- Department of Medical Science, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Italy
| | - P Orlandi
- Local Health Authority of Rome, Italy
| | - G Paladino
- Department of Medical Science, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Italy
| | - S Pizzo
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Italy
| | - C Pousis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Section of Hygiene, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Italy
| | - M Raffo
- Local Health Authority of Rome, Italy
| | | | - F Scarpitta
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Italy
| | - G Trani
- Central Health Department of the Friuli Venezia Giulia Region, Trieste, Italy
| | - F Triggiano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Section of Hygiene, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Italy
| | | | - V Vecchio
- Department of Medical Science, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Italy
| | - P Zuccarello
- Department of Medical Science, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Italy
| | - M Vassallo
- Department of Medical Science, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Italy
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De la Fuente F, Saldías MA, Cubillos C, Mery G, Carvajal D, Bowen M, Bertoglia MP. Green Space Exposure Association with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Physical Activity, and Obesity: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 18:ijerph18010097. [PMID: 33375559 PMCID: PMC7796153 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18010097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a public health challenge that must be addressed considering the large number of risk factors involved in its appearance. Some environmental risk factors are currently described as predictors of diabetes, with access to green spaces being an element to consider in urban settings. This review aims to study the association between exposure to green spaces and outcomes such as diabetes, obesity, and physical activity in the general population. A systematic review was carried out using the PubMed, Embase, and LILACS databases and other sources. The search strategy was carried out from October 2019 to October 2020. Cross-sectional and cohort studies were included. The article selection was made by a pair of reviewers, and data extraction was carried out using a data extraction sheet. The quality assessment of the included studies was carried out using a validated tool. Finally, 19 scientific articles were included in this review. Evidence supports that people and communities exposed to green spaces, especially in their neighborhood, reduce the risk of T2DM and reduce the risk of being obese and increase the likelihood of physical activity. The onset of T2DM can be moderated by using green spaces, improving physical activity levels, and reducing the risk of being overweight and obese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe De la Fuente
- Nursing Department, University of Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (F.D.l.F.); (M.A.S.); (C.C.); (G.M.); (D.C.)
| | - María Angélica Saldías
- Nursing Department, University of Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (F.D.l.F.); (M.A.S.); (C.C.); (G.M.); (D.C.)
| | - Camila Cubillos
- Nursing Department, University of Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (F.D.l.F.); (M.A.S.); (C.C.); (G.M.); (D.C.)
| | - Gabriela Mery
- Nursing Department, University of Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (F.D.l.F.); (M.A.S.); (C.C.); (G.M.); (D.C.)
| | - Daniela Carvajal
- Nursing Department, University of Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (F.D.l.F.); (M.A.S.); (C.C.); (G.M.); (D.C.)
| | - Martín Bowen
- Medical School, University of Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile;
| | - María Paz Bertoglia
- School of Public Health, University of Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile
- Correspondence:
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Albuquerque NLSD, Oliveira FJGD, Machado LD, Araujo TLD, Caetano JÁ, Aquino PDS. Social determinants of health and heart failure hospitalizations in Brazil. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2020; 54:e03641. [PMID: 33263668 DOI: 10.1590/s1980-220x2019002503641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the relationship between social determinants of health and heart failure hospitalizations in Brazil. METHOD A retrospective ecological study, whose units of analysis were the cities of the Brazilian states. The outcome variable was heart failure hospitalization rate. The independent variables were Family Health Strategy coverager, federal transfer to Primary Care, expenditure on Primary Care, overlapping of the female population and age group above 60 years old. Regressive techniques were adopted for panel data, with estimation of weighted least squares by fixed effect. RESULTS Twenty-six cities were analyzed. Hospitalization rates showed a non-uniform distribution between the areas, with lower median in the North and higher in the South. The regression model identified a relationship between hospitalization rates and Family Health Strategy coverage, federal transfer to Primary Care, and overlapping of the female population. CONCLUSION Heart failure occurrence, a condition sensitive to Primary Care in Brazil, is influenced by social determinants of health represented by demographic, budgetary, and health service coverage factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lucas Dias Machado
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Economia, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - Thelma Leite de Araujo
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - Joselany Áfio Caetano
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
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Selway CA, Mills JG, Weinstein P, Skelly C, Yadav S, Lowe A, Breed MF, Weyrich LS. Transfer of environmental microbes to the skin and respiratory tract of humans after urban green space exposure. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 145:106084. [PMID: 32977191 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In industrialized countries, non-communicable diseases have been increasing in prevalence since the middle of the 20th century. While the causal mechanisms remain poorly understood, increased population density, pollution, sedentary behavior, smoking, changes in diet, and limited outdoor exposure have all been proposed as significant contributors. Several hypotheses (e.g. Hygiene, Old Friends, and Biodiversity Hypotheses) also suggest that limited environmental microbial exposures may underpin part of this rise in non-communicable diseases. In response, the Microbiome Rewilding Hypothesis proposes that adequate environmental microbial exposures could be achieved by restoring urban green spaces and could potentially decrease the prevalence of non-communicable diseases. However, the microbial interactions between humans and their surrounding environment and the passaging of microbes between both entities remains poorly understood, especially within an urban context. RESULTS Here, we survey human skin (n = 90 swabs) and nasal (n = 90 swabs) microbiota of three subjects that were exposed to air (n = 15), soil (n = 15), and leaves (n = 15) from different urban green space environments in three different cities across different continents (Adelaide, Australia; Bournemouth, United Kingdom; New Delhi, India). Using 16S ribosomal RNA metabarcoding, we examined baseline controls (pre-exposure) of both skin (n = 16) and nasal (n = 16) swabs and tracked microbiota transfer from the environment to the human body after exposure events. Microbial richness and phylogenetic diversity increased after urban green space exposure in skin and nasal samples collected in two of the three locations. The microbial composition of skin samples also became more similar to soil microbiota after exposure, while nasal samples became more similar to air samples. Nasal samples were more variable between sites and individuals than skin samples. CONCLUSIONS We show that exposure to urban green spaces can increase skin and nasal microbial diversity and alter human microbiota composition. Our study improves our understanding of human-environmental microbial interactions and suggests that increased exposure to diverse outdoor environments may increase the microbial diversity, which could lead to positive health outcomes for non-communicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin A Selway
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Science, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
| | - Jacob G Mills
- School of Biological Sciences and the Environment Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
| | - Philip Weinstein
- School of Biological Sciences and the Environment Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
| | - Chris Skelly
- Public Health Dorset, Dorset County Council, Dorchester DT1 1TP, UK.
| | - Sudesh Yadav
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
| | - Andrew Lowe
- School of Biological Sciences and the Environment Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
| | - Martin F Breed
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia.
| | - Laura S Weyrich
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Science, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; Department of Anthropology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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Mohiddin A, Duggan M, Marsh S, Dodhia H, Oki B, Corlett S. The use of future scenario thinking for child public health in a local authority. J Public Health (Oxf) 2020; 43:e713-e719. [PMID: 32808044 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaa130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Socioeconomic, cultural, technological, environment and ecological changes are rapidly transforming how children and young people (CYP) grow up, yet their impacts on CYP are difficult to predict. The traditional ways that Public Health practitioners work may not capture such complex and dynamic change. To address this, Lambeth Council used future scenario thinking. METHODS A literature review looked at political, socioeconomic and other 'transitions' in the borough. Interviews, focus groups and workshops were held with CYP, parents, carers, local statutory and non-statutory stakeholders about the future for Lambeth CYP in the decade ahead. Themes were analysed to identify which had the potential for the biggest impact or the most uncertainty. RESULTS The main transitions were described, 100 stakeholders interviewed, and five 'drivers' of the future were identified: protracted austerity, technological explosion, demographic shift, 'democratic shake-up' and planetary health. From all these data, four future scenarios were developed: 'communities care for themselves', 'collaborating to care for all', 'nobody cares' and 'who cares?' CONCLUSIONS New insights were gained about promoting more responsibility for, and active participation of CYP. This led to Lambeth's CYP Plan and the 'Made in Lambeth' campaign aiming to enlist the community and business in creating a child-friendly borough.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdu Mohiddin
- Agas Khan University, P.O. Box 30270-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Maria Duggan
- Public Service Works, London, UK.,The Mitchell Institute, Victoria University, Melbourne. VIC 3000
| | | | - Hiten Dodhia
- London Borough of Lambeth Public Health, London SW2 1EG, UK
| | - Bimpe Oki
- London Borough of Lambeth Public Health, London SW2 1EG, UK
| | - Sarah Corlett
- Healthwatch Lambeth, London SW9 7AA, UK.,School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University. SE1 0AA
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Independent and Combined Relationships of Perceived Neighborhood Social Cohesion and Physical Frailty on Functional Disability in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17165912. [PMID: 32824033 PMCID: PMC7460244 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Functional disability and physical frailty (PF) are debilitating geriatric conditions. Previous studies have suggested both perceived neighborhood social cohesion (PNSC) and PF can influence functional disability and may have an interactive effect too. This cross-sectional study aims to examine the independent and combined relationships of PF and PNSC on functional disability in community-dwelling older adults in Shanghai, China. A total of 1616 older adults aged ≥ 75 years were recruited using multistage sampling. Results showed that prefrailty, frailty (using the modified frailty phenotype criteria), and low PNSC (measured by the Neighborhood Cohesion Scale) were independently associated with increased likelihood of functional disability after adjustment of covariates. To evaluate the combined relationships of PF and PNSC, participants were classified into six groups based on their levels of PF and PNSC. The probability of frail older adults with low PNSC having functional disability stood out compared with the robust older adults with high PNSC. Our findings suggest the importance of high PNSC as a protective factor of maintaining functional ability. Future longitudinal studies are needed to identify the role of PNSC in the development of functional disability among frail older adults.
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Lortz J, Simanovski J, Kuether T, Kreitschmann-Andermahr I, Ullrich G, Steinmetz M, Rammos C, Jánosi RA, Moebus S, Rassaf T, Paldán K. Needs and Requirements in the Designing of Mobile Interventions for Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease: Questionnaire Study. JMIR Form Res 2020; 4:e15669. [PMID: 32663154 PMCID: PMC7435621 DOI: 10.2196/15669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The development of mobile interventions for noncommunicable diseases has increased in recent years. However, there is a dearth of apps for patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD), who frequently have an impaired ability to walk. Objective Using a patient-centered approach for the development of mobile interventions, we aim to describe the needs and requirements of patients with PAD regarding the overall care situation and the use of mobile interventions to perform supervised exercise therapy (SET). Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted in addition to a clinical examination at the vascular outpatient clinic of the West-German Heart and Vascular Center of the University Clinic Essen in Germany. Patients with diagnosed PAD were asked to answer questions on sociodemographic characteristics, PAD-related need for support, satisfaction with their health care situation, smartphone and app use, and requirements for the design of mobile interventions to support SET. Results Overall, a need for better support of patients with diagnosed PAD was identified. In total, 59.2% (n=180) expressed their desire for more support for their disease. Patients (n=304) had a mean age of 67 years and half of them (n=157, 51.6%) were smartphone users. We noted an interest in smartphone-supported SET, even for people who did not currently use a smartphone. “Information,” “feedback,” “choosing goals,” and “interaction with physicians and therapists” were rated the most relevant components of a potential app. Conclusions A need for the support of patients with PAD was determined. This was particularly evident with regard to disease literacy and the performance of SET. Based on a detailed description of patient characteristics, proposals for the design of mobile interventions adapted to the needs and requirements of patients can be derived.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Lortz
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West-German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jan Simanovski
- Centre for Urban Epidemiology, Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Tabea Kuether
- Centre of Competence Personal Analytics at the University of Duisburg-Essen, Department of Engineering Sciences, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | | | - Greta Ullrich
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West-German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Martin Steinmetz
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West-German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Christos Rammos
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West-German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Rolf Alexander Jánosi
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West-German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Susanne Moebus
- Centre for Urban Epidemiology, Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Tienush Rassaf
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West-German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Katrin Paldán
- Centre for Urban Epidemiology, Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Centre of Competence Personal Analytics at the University of Duisburg-Essen, Department of Engineering Sciences, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
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